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Scientology ethics and justice

Scientology ethics and justice are a collection of policies and procedures by L. Ron Hubbard and used by the Church of Scientology. Scientology defines ethics as "the actions an individual takes on himself", and justice as "the action taken on the individual by the group when he fails to take these actions himself". The body of writings include techniques and policies of moral choices, and the rules of conduct to be followed by scientologists.

"When the individual fails to put in his own ethics, the group takes action against him and this is called justice."

Structure and purpose
Professor Stephen A. Kent quotes Hubbard as pronouncing that "the purpose of ethics is to remove counter intentions from the environment. And having accomplished that the purpose becomes to remove other intentionedness from the environment" and "(a)ll ethics is for in actual fact is simply that additional tool necessary to make it possible to get [Scientology] technology in. That's the whole purpose of ethics; to get technology in". What this translates to, says Kent, is "a peculiar brand of morality that uniquely benefitted (the Church of Scientology) ... In plain English, the purpose of Scientology ethics is to eliminate opponents, then eliminate people's interests in things other than Scientology. In this 'ethical' environment, Scientology would be able to impose its courses, philosophy, and 'justice system' – its so-called technology – onto society."

Researcher Jon Atack has expressed concern that, in the wrong hands, Scientology ethics can be wielded arbitrarily and absurdly, such as in the 1960s when British Saint Hill Scientologists declared a local pie shop "suppressive" for not carrying apple pie in sufficient quantities to their liking.

Ethics officer (EO)
The ethics officer is a staff member in a Scientology organization whose job is to ensure that staff members and all scientologists are correctly following procedures. The EO works one-on-one with scientologists to help them with ethics issues. In the Sea Org, this is called the Master-at-Arms. The ethics officer works in the Department of Inspection and Reports, handles all ethics and security matters, performs ethics interviews, does investigations, and follows up on ethics orders.

An ethics officer is expected to have ethics presence over all staff and public scientologists — likewise a senior over their juniors, and any Sea Org member over any other scientologist. Ethics presence is a person's quality of authority or command value, a combination of poise, attitude, effectiveness and enforcement. Per Hubbard, "ethics presence is an 'X' quality made up partly of symbology, partly of force, some 'now we're supposed to's' and endurance" and "as an executive you get compliance because you have ethics presence and persistence and can get mad."

Ethics reports and files
Every Scientology organization is required to keep ethics files on every person, staff or public. Scientologists are required to write reports on other scientologists when they discover a behavior that doesn't follow policy. Even students in scientology-affiliated schools are required to write reports on their fellow students for rule violations, as do employees at companies run by scientologists. There are numerous specialty ethics reports, but the most common ethics reports are "knowledge reports" and "Things that Shouldn't Be" reports.

Chaplain's court
A sort of civil court process where two Scientologists can go to handle civil disputes.

Arbitration
There is no arbitration procedure in Scientology. The closest Scientology procedure to what is commonly known as arbitration is the Chaplain's court.

Ethics hearing
An ethics officer may send out a formal request to a person or persons to show up for a hearing. An ethics hearing is a fact-finding hearing, to gather information about whether an ethics violation has occurred.

Court of ethics
A court of ethics is a disciplinary hearing based on evidence already collected. A court of ethics is convened by an ethics officer or an executive senior to the staff member being charged. The offenses being accused are of non-serious nature and the sentences are at the discretion of the person who convened the court of ethics. The court is not supposed to engage in investigation, but rather operate only on known evidence.

Non-enturbulation order
An order to a scientologist stating that if one more ethics report is received on them, they will be declared a suppressive person.

Committee of evidence (Comm ev)
A comm ev is a disciplinary procedure, Scientology's version of a trial or tribunal, which is "rather like a court martial but without lawyers or formal procedural norms." A scientologist is summoned to a committee of evidence to answer for a list of alleged crimes or high crimes. A panel of appointed scientologists in good standing are to "gather and review evidence, determine guilt, and recommend punishment."

The process starts at the request of an executive who makes a formal accusation. A convening authority initiates the comm ev by appointing a chairman, a secretary, and two to five other Scientology members, the majority of which should be senior to the accused. The committee will read and hear evidence for and against the accused. The panel has two weeks to complete the comm ev process. The accused may present their own evidence and testimony, as well as bring witnesses to testify, but may not bring any legal representatives. After reviewing evidence, the committee votes guilty or not on each charge, and conviction is determined by majority vote. The committee recommends punishment and the results are published as the findings and recommendations signed by all committee members. The only means of recourse is a review by a higher level committee, which reviews only recordings and documents from the original comm ev — no new evidence to be presented.

Security checking (sec check)
Interrogations done using an E-meter.

Dead file
Anyone disagreeing with Scientology or writing a nasty letter to the Church of Scientology is dead filed. Their letters go in the trash and the organization doesn't respond. Scientology magazines are not sent to persons that are dead filed.

High crimes
High crimes are serious violations of Scientology ethics policies, including publicly departing Scientology, reporting another Scientologist to law enforcement or civil authorities, or committing acts that are suppressive of the organization.

Suppressive person (SP)
An "SP" is a person designated as an enemy to Scientology. When a person is formally labeled a suppressive person by the Church of Scientology, a "Suppressive Person Declare" is printed on goldenrod-colored paper and posted on all public notice boards. A person thus labelled is said to have been "declared". It is a form of excommunication. To get un-declared involves doing A to E steps. Until then, a declared person may only communicate with the International Justice Chief.

Potential trouble source (PTS)
Someone connected to a suppressive person. According to Malko, "Any person, while active in Scientology or a preclear, [who] remains connected to a suppressive person or group." A PTS person works with the ethics officer to work out a plan to handle or disconnect from the suppressive person in their life. Sickness and injury are considered a sign that someone is PTS. There are several subcategories of potential trouble sources. PTS Type One is a person currently in contact with an SP, Type Two is someone connected to someone who reminds them of an SP in their past, and Type Three is someone who is psychotic. There are ten other types (A–J), including PTS Type B: those with criminal records. Persons who have been labelled PTS by the ethics department are not eligible to receive Scientology auditing or training.

Disconnection
Disconnection is the severing of all ties with someone declared a suppressive person. When someone is declared SP in Scientology, all Scientologists are pressured into disconnecting from the SP, including close family members, employees, clients, and friends. Refusing or failing to disconnect from an SP carries the risk of being declared SP oneself.

Fair game
Fair game is a retaliatory policy against perceived enemies which L. Ron Hubbard established in the 1950s, formalized in 1965, and described further in 1967. Since it caused bad public relations, in 1968 Hubbard prohibited use of the term "fair game" — but not its actions. The practice continues. "[A bulletin] went out naming [someone] as having been relegated to the condition of 'Enemy,' to be considered 'fair game,' defined by Hubbard as somebody who 'may be deprived of property or injured by any means by any Scientologist without any discipline of the Scientologist. May be tricked, sued, or lied to, or destroyed.'"

Fair game is one of the penalties that can be leveled on a person for having committed a high crime against Scientology, or as a penalty after a committee of evidence. In two separate court cases (Armstrong and Wollersheim) the Church of Scientology argued that fair game policies are a "core practice of Scientology" and are therefore protected as "religious expression". Hubbard instructed his followers that "fair game" is appropriate treatment for journalists, judges, hostile lawyers, government agencies, psychiatrists and others.

Cancellation of certificates and awards
A penalty for some high crimes, or punishment imposed by a committee of evidence.

International Justice Chief (IJC)
The IJC is the most senior ethics officer within the Church of Scientology network. While a suppressive person is working on an amends project to get back in good graces, they may communicate only with the International Justice Chief, a position at Church of Scientology International. As of 2023, the IJC is Mike Ellis, who has held that post since at least 2004.

A to E steps
The program of steps required of a suppressive person in order to get back in good standing. The steps include ceasing committing of any suppressive acts, making a public apology, paying off all debts owed to Scientologists or Scientology organizations, performing an amends project, re-training from the bottom of The Bridge to Total Freedom, and communicating all of these actions to the International Justice Chief

Sea Org ethics
The Sea Org observes all the ethics policies of Scientology but, in addition, has their own set of punishments that are not for regular Scientologists who are not on staff.

Master-at-Arms (MAA)
The Sea Org equivalent to the ethics officer. See ethics officer.

Fitness Board
Procedure to determine if a new Sea Org recruit is judged to be fit for remaining in the Sea Org, or to have one removed if deemed unfit.

Blow
Leaving the Sea Org without authorization is called a blow. It usually results in someone being declared a suppressive person. The term is also used for anyone leaving a staff position in a non-Sea Org organization, or a public person leaving Scientology. A blow drill is used at Gold Base: when someone escapes the compound or is missing, staff are deployed to nearby bus stations and hotels, airline flight records are searched, and the person is hunted down and recovered. Those recovered were placed on heavy labor duty and undergo intense interrogation.

Rehabilitation Project Force (RPF)
The RPF is a long-term labor camp for Sea Org members who are supposedly troublemakers or failures. Though billed as a method of redemption or rehabilitation, assignment to the RPF has often been used as a punishment and individuals have been kept on the RPF for years. RPFers are segregated from other Sea Org members, undergo security checks, and perform manual labor for most of every day. They may not speak to others.

Deck Project Force
A punishment level less severe than assignment to the RPF. Similar to a new Sea Org recruit's experience on the Estates Project Force (a sort of boot camp), the member performs manual labor for most of the day. It is also called "being on the decks" or "assigned to the decks".

The Hole
The Hole is the name of a de facto prison building at Gold Base; an office building of two adjacent double-wide trailers that was turned into a prison by David Miscavige. All but one exterior door was barred shut, windows were fixed to limit opening them only two inches, and a 24-hour guard was posted at the remaining door. Initially, 40 personnel were placed inside until they "confessed their crimes" to Miscavige's satisfaction. The 'prisoners' slept on the floor, were fed cold leftovers or rice and beans, had limited access to washing facilities, and were subjected to daily confession sessions and public humiliation. At one point, the number of prisoners reached 140. Along with sleep deprivation and starvation, there was also physical brutality, and physical and mental torture. Though some people managed to escape the building, their escape from the surrounding premises would be thwarted by guards, cameras, motion sensors, and razor wire. Many 'residents' remained in the Hole for years.

Overboarding
Overboarding was a punishment started by Hubbard in the 1960's while aboard the Apollo whereby a student or staff member was blindfolded, their hands and sometimes feet were tied, then they were thrown over the side of the ship into the ocean, a drop of 15–40 feet depending on deck. One journalist reported an 8-year-old child being thrown overboard.

"Being hurled such a distance, blindfolded and restrained, into cold sea water, must have been terrifying. Worst of all was the fear that you would hit the side of the ship as you fell, your flesh ripped open by the barnacles. Overboarding was a very traumatic experience."

After their training on the Apollo was completed and the Scientologists returned to their local organizations, they started alternative 'overboarding' practices, including throwing people in bathtubs, hosing them down, or pushing their heads into toilet bowls.

Though the practice of overboarding from the ship ceased around 1970, David Miscavige resurrected the practice when he marched his entire staff to the swimming pool at Gold Base and made each person walk the plank (diving board) and jump into the pool fully-clothed. After that first "overboard ceremony", Miscavige changed the venue to a "slimy pond" on the property and such punishments became a frequent practice.

Running program
One Sea Org punishment, called the running program, was turned into a fee-based service for public Scientologists called the Cause Resurgence Rundown. Allegedly devised as a therapy by Hubbard in the early 1980s and liberally doled out by David Miscavige as punishments, this program required a person to run around a fixed point such as a pole or tree for hours each day until they were exhausted, repeating this every day until they had some sort of realization. The minimum time to run each day was five hours, with many people being ordered to do ten to twelve hours of running. Participants were not allowed to talk to each other while running. Short breaks for food and short rests were permitted before being goaded to continue by a supervisor. For decades, rain or shine, summer or winter in the high desert of Gilman Hot Springs, California, and sometimes in full navy-style uniform, Sea Org members have run around a palm tree on a makeshift running track. Injuries and medical issues have been common, and many have left the Sea Org after being ordered to do the program.

Though a common punishment for Sea Org members only at Gold Base, in the early 1980s some of the owners were ordered onto the running program. In 1982, David Mayo, Hubbard's own auditor and the highest level auditor in the Sea Org at the time, was ordered onto the running program, after which he left the Sea Org having decided Miscavige was destroying Hubbard's work. Amy Scobee reported that a diabetic woman was ordered to the running program; she went into hypoglycemic shock and they gave her some insulin and ordered her back to the running track, being pushed in a wheelchair. In 2003, Marc Headley did the running program for three months as part of a pilot prior to the Church of Scientology marketing the program for its paying members.

"This in fact became a popular form of punishment: the 'Running Program' ... was a nasty, physically exhausting experience that was supposed to be another Hubbard cure for recalcitrant Sea Org members. Remarkably, this punishment has been remarketed into a program called the Cause Resurgence Rundown, based on Hubbard's claim that circling around a fixed object 'aligns your energy flows' and 'restores your power as a thetan.' People pay $5,000 to run in circles around a pole in the center of a large room at the Flag Land Base—a testament to how scientologists will accept anything if they are told it comes from Hubbard. —Mike Rinder"

Statistics
In Scientology, production statistics (measurements) are of paramount importance. "Stats", as they are frequently called, are plotted on a graph, usually weekly, and the slope of the line of the graph indicates one's condition for the week. Per Straus, "the term statistics is more generally used in a symbolic sense to refer to a person’s level of effectiveness and productivity or as a qualitative measure of the effects he/she causes."

"When you reward down statistics and penalize up statistics you get down statistics. If you reward non-production you get non-production. When you penalize production you get non-production."

Conditions
Hubbard defined seven levels of conditions (and five lower conditions) and codified a condition formula to perform in order to rise to the next higher condition. For example, one starts a post in the condition of Non-existence; if one performs the steps for the condition of Non-existence, then one rises to the next higher condition which is Danger. Continuing to perform the requisite formulas, one will rise up to Emergency, then Normal, Affluence, Power, and finally Power change. If one fails to correctly perform the steps of the condition one is in, one drops down to the next level lower.

The conditions are usually aligned with Non-existence at the bottom, and the conditions are assigned based on the angle of the line on the graph.
 * Power change: What one does if one takes on someone else's post that was in a Condition of Power
 * Power condition: A Normal trend in a new higher range
 * Affluence condition: Line on graph is steeply up trending
 * Normal condition: Line on graph is slightly up trending
 * Emergency condition: Line on graph remains level or is slightly down trending
 * Danger condition: Line on graph is more than slightly down trending
 * Non-existence condition: Line on graph is steeply or vertically down, or no statistics at all

An example of a condition formula is the Emergency formula:
 * 1) Promote.
 * 2) Change your operating basis.
 * 3) Economize.
 * 4) Prepare to deliver.
 * 5) Stiffen discipline.

Lower conditions
Lower conditions are not based on statistics graphs. When there is deviance from social or production norms, one is assigned one of the five lower conditions, which also have formulas. The purpose of performing the steps of each formula is to get upgraded to the next higher condition until one is back at Non-existence. The rankings of lower conditions start at the lowest level which is Confusion, and rises through Treason, Enemy, Doubt, Liability, and back to Non-existence. An example of a step on a lower condition is step #3 of the Liability formula: "Make up the damage one has done by personal contribution far beyond the ordinary demands of a group member."

Upstat, downstat, ethics protection, Kha-Khan
A person whose statistic is up trending, is called an upstat. A person whose statistic is down trending is called a downstat.

In 1965, Hubbard wrote, "Ethics actions are often used to handle down individual statistics. A person who is not doing his job becomes an Ethics target" and goes on to detail how a Scientologist can protect himself from Ethics punishment by being more productive and keeping statistics up: "In short, a staff member can get away with murder so long as his statistic is up and can't sneeze without a chop if it's down."

If the staff member's production is sufficiently high (as evidenced by an up statistic), the Scientologist gains an immunity to the Ethics process (ethics protection), even if they have openly committed violations: "When people do start reporting a staff member with a high statistic, what you investigate is the person who turned in the report. In an ancient army a particularly brave deed was recognized by an award of the title of Kha-Khan. It was not a rank. The person remained what he was, BUT he was entitled to be forgiven the death penalty ten times in case in the future he did anything wrong. That was a Kha-Khan. That's what producing, high-statistic staff members are – Kha-Khans. They can get away with murder without a blink from Ethics.... And Ethics must recognize a Kha-Khan when it sees one – and tear up the bad report chits on the person with a yawn."

title: Scientology ethics and justice


text: User talk:69.210.15.19

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:69.210.15.19


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Illnau-Effretikon

Illnau-Effretikon is a municipality in the district of Pfäffikon in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. It includes the villages of Illnau, Effretikon, Ottikon and Bisikon. On 1 January 2016 Kyburg and Illnau-Effretikon merged to form the municipality of Illnau-Effretikon.

History
Illnau-Effretikon is first mentioned in 745 as Illenavvia and Erpfratinchova. At first the name of the municipality was Illnau as that town used to be the political and economic center of the municipality. However, when the railway connection was built from Zurich to Winterthur in 1855, only the much smaller Effretikon was in a position to receive a railway station. Subsequently, the economic boom caused by the railway made Effretikon grow disproportionately until it had outgrown Illnau by the beginning of the 20th century. The name of the municipality was finally changed to Illnau-Effretikon in 1973. On 1 January 2016 the former municipality of Kyburg and Illnau-Effretikon merged to form the municipality of Illnau-Effretikon.

Geography
Before the 2016 merger, Illnau-Effretikon had an area of 25.3 km2. Of this area, 52.1% is used for agricultural purposes, while 29.4% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 17.2% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (1.3%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). housing and buildings made up 10.8% of the total area, while transportation infrastructure made up the rest (6.4%). Of the total unproductive area, water (streams and lakes) made up 0.4% of the area. 12.5% of the total municipal area was undergoing some type of construction.

The municipality is located in the mid-Kempt valley. It consists of the villages of Illnau, Effretikon (including Rikon), Ottikon and Bisikon as well as the hamlets of Agasul, Bietenholz, portions of Billikon, First, Horben, Kemleten, Luckhausen, portions of Mesikon and Oberkempttal.

Demographics
Illnau-Effretikon has a population (as of ) of. , 20.9% of the population was made up of foreign nationals. the gender distribution of the population was 49% male and 51% female. Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 6.4%. Most of the population speaks German  (84.9%), with Italian being second most common ( 4.3%) and Albanian being third ( 2.1%).

In the 2007 election the most popular party was the SVP which received 38% of the vote. The next two most popular parties were the SPS (17.7%) and the FDP (10.8%).

The age distribution of the population is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 20.1% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 66.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.2%. The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Illnau-Effretikon about 75.6% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). There are 6702 households in Illnau-Effretikon.

Illnau-Effretikon has an unemployment rate of 3.24%. , there were 293 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 73 businesses involved in this sector. 1610 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 156 businesses in this sector. 3148 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 488 businesses in this sector. 50% of the working population were employed full-time, and 50% were employed part-time.

there were 4085 Catholics and 6167 Protestants in Illnau-Effretikon. In the 2000 census, religion was broken down into several smaller categories. From the, 48.4% were some type of Protestant, with 45.1% belonging to the Swiss Reformed Church and 3.3% belonging to other Protestant churches. 28.4% of the population were Catholic. Of the rest of the population, 5.8% were Muslim, 8.4% belonged to another religion (not listed), 2.8% did not give a religion, and 11.2% were atheist or agnostic.

The historical population is given in the following table:

Transportation
The municipality of Illnau-Effretikon is served by two railway stations. Effretikon railway station is on the Zurich to Winterthur main line and is served by Zürich S-Bahn routes S2, S3, S7, S8, S19 and S24. Illnau railway station is on the Effretikon to Hinwil line and is served by S3 and S19.

Notable people

 * Ludwig Zehnder (1854 in Illnau – 1949) a Swiss physicist, the inventor of an interferometer
 * Walter Roderer (1920–2012 in Illnau) a Swiss actor and screenwriter
 * Fabian Molina (born 1990) a Swiss politician, member of the National Council, brought up in Illnau-Effretikon

title: Illnau-Effretikon


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Armored Core: Master of Arena

Armored Core: Master of Arena is a 1999 third-person shooter mecha video game developed by FromSoftware for the PlayStation. Master of Arena is the third entry in the Armored Core series and a direct sequel to Armored Core: Project Phantasma. It is the final game in the original Armored Core trilogy. The game was not released in Europe. An indirect sequel, Armored Core 2, was released on August 3, 2000, for the PlayStation 2.

The story follows a survivor whose family was lost in a battle. The survivor joins the Raven's Nest to pilot an Armored Core unit through the dangerous Arena in an attempt to confront the top pilot, Hustler One, and kill him for his role in that battle. While fighting to reach the top, the survivor finds allies in the form of his or her manager, Lana Nielsen, and sponsor, Elan Cubis, both of whom have their own agendas.

The gameplay is largely identical to the previous two Armored Core games, but places a larger focus on the Arena feature that was introduced in Project Phantasma. Players can import their saved characters from either of the earlier Armored Core games to retain their customization and gain an advantage in Master of Arena. A newly added "Ranker MK" mode gives players control over custom opponents that they can then fight in the Arena.

Gameplay
Master of Arena, like Project Phantasma, retains a majority of the core Armored Core gameplay with relatively few changes. The Arena mode introduced in Project Phantasma returns and is now a required gameplay feature in the story rather than an optional addition. Weapons and items from both preceding games appear along with equipment exclusive to Master of Arena.

The import feature, a core component of the Armored Core franchise, continues in Master of Arena, allowing players to bring their character from Project Phantasma or the original Armored Core with a save file from their memory card. Like Project Phantasma, players can opt to create a brand new character, but will be locked out of certain weapons and items from earlier games.

Master of Arena has 19 missions and 10 arenas that cover over a hundred opponents. The Arena mode is split into two versions. On the game's first disc, several Arena matches are built into the story, whereas the second disc, titled EX Arena, covers the majority of the Arena gameplay separate from the core story. A "Ranker MK" mode on EX Arena allows players to customize opponents in special matches.

Continuing the multiplayer tradition from earlier games, Master of Arena keeps the series' split screen multiplayer mode as well as its signature link mode utilizing the PlayStation Link Cable to connect two PlayStation consoles together for 1-on-1 battles. Unlike earlier games, which required two separate copies of their respective title for system linking, players can use the two discs included in Master of Arena to gain the same functionality.

Plot
The story of Master of Arena is concurrent between the original Armored Core, a massive battle occurs in Isaac City between two corporations and causes numerous civilian casualties. The Raven from this game is a survivor of this battle, having lost their entire family to the chaos. Swearing revenge, the player enters the Raven's Nest, the central organization of Armored Core pilots, to fight their way to the top and kill Hustler One, the pilot of the famed Nine-Ball mech that was at the center of the battle.

The player encounters Lana Nielsen, an operator who becomes the player's manager. Elan Cubis, an influential figure in a company called Progtech, becomes the player's sponsor in an attempt to investigate the Raven's Nest. With these allies, the player rises through the ranks of Raven's Nest. After the player has completed several missions, Progtech facilities begin to come under attack, and later some high-ranking pilots are found to be involved in stealing secret materials from the company. A major attack on the Progtech corporate headquarters reveals that Elan is being targeted, and the attackers follow him to a laboratory deep in Isaac City.

The attackers are shown to be led by Hustler One, who confronts the player. After his Nine-Ball mech is damaged, Hustler One retreats. The player takes the fight to the Arena, seemingly defeating Hustler One. A mysterious message from Lana brings the player to an abandoned factory where it is revealed that she, like Hustler One, are actually components of a master AI that is controlling numerous Nine-Ball mechs and created both the corporations and the Raven's Nest to rebuild humanity. The player narrowly defeats the powerful Nine-Ball mech and seemingly puts an end to the AI.

Release
Master of Arena was initially released in Japan for the Sony PlayStation on February 4, 1999. FromSoftware partnered with Agetec and released a North American version on March 22, 2000. A European version was never released.

As a part of Sony's PSone Classics banner, Master of Arena was re-released in Japan for the PlayStation 3 (and later the PlayStation Vita) on November 28, 2007. It was never re-released in other territories.

Reception
The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 29 out of 40.

The game's expansion of the Arena concept was well received by reviewers, with GameRevolution's Shawn Sanders commenting that the feature "is now, interestingly enough, nicely integrated into the whole game". AllGame's Joe Ottoson praised the Arena fights, writing "the action is more intense when you square off against other AC pilots at your own level". Game Informer's Erik Reppen said that the Arenas were "plentiful and great". The Ranker MK feature was praised by several reviewers. Sanders called it "the greatest addition to the game of all time". Reppen wrote that "the option to design your own AC opponents for parts and AI aggressiveness added a lot to the single player experience".

Criticism of the game was directed at the game's underdeveloped story, aging visuals, difficult control scheme, and a bug that plagued the local multiplayer mode. The lack of an engaging story was commented on by Game Informer's Andy McNamara, who said "it just can't keep my interest". GamePro's The Freshman commented on the controls, which remained unchanged from the video game and noted that due to the original game coming out prior to the DualShock controller's release, Master of Arena didn't take advantage of more comprehensive controls. He criticized the game for the impact that the control scheme had on playability, saying "more precise control over looking about would have helped out considerably".

GameSpot's Joe Fielder wrote that the identical graphical quality was "unfortunate because they're looking more and more dated as time goes by". The Freshman echoed the lack of improvement in the visuals, writing that while the game looked "fine", he believed "a little work to improve the overall presentation would have been nice". Sanders reported that a bug in the game's split-screen mode caused Player 1 to not have a working radar, which was a major disadvantage, calling it "inept". The lack of evolution in the game was a particular point of criticism shared by many reviewers, with Game Informer's Andrew Reiner writing: "If you've played the other two versions, then you've essentially played a piece of this one as well". NextGen's Greg Orlando, while commenting on the aging concept of the game, still found there to be enough in the game worth playing, saying: "The master of mechs loses a little shine with its third edition, but continues to stomp a goodly amount of buttocks."

title: Armored Core: Master of Arena


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gageendal

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was moot, as I speedily deleted this as a biography with no claim of notability. - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 08:52, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Gageendal
dude with a MUD character
 * Delete. Gazpacho 06:49, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nonnotable fictitious character. --Angr/undefined 07:30, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Nobuhiko Kawamoto

Nobuhiko Kawamoto (川本 信彦) was the CEO of Honda Motor from 1990 to 1998.

Biography
After graduating from Tohoku University in 1963, he joined the Honda F1 team as a design engineer. After Honda pulled out of F1 after the 1968 season to focus on production vehicles, he returned to Japan and rose through the company's ranks. In this period, he helped design the front-wheeled 1972 Honda Civic, as well as the CVCC engine.

Eventually, he became head of Honda's Research and Design department. Under Kawamoto, Honda returned to motor racing, first with Formula 2 in 1981. The venture was a success, Ralt-Honda winning three consecutive Formula 2 titles between 1982 and 1984. Honda returned to Formula One in 1983, eventually winning six consecutive titles with Williams and McLaren.

Honda's motor racing success propelled Kawamoto to the top of the company, replacing Tadashi Kume as CEO of Honda in 1990. Kawamoto came in during a tumultuous time for the company, facing product stagnation and an overreliance on sedans and sport coupes while Honda was unrepresented in the fast-growing sport utility vehicles and minivan segments.

Following the death of Soichiro Honda in 1991, Japanese media reported in 1992 and 1993 that Honda was at serious risk of an unwanted and hostile takeover by Mitsubishi Motors, who at the time was a larger automaker by volume and flush with profits from their successful Pajero and Diamante.

Kawamoto acted quickly to change Honda's corporate culture, rushing through market-driven product development that resulted in recreational vehicles such as the Odyssey and the CR-V, and a decrease on vehicles that were popular with Honda's engineers but not with the buying public.

The most shocking change to Honda came when Kawamoto ended Honda's successful participation in Formula One after the 1992 season, citing costs in light of the takeover threat from Mitsubishi Motors as well as creating a more environmentally friendly company image. As CEO, he reorganised the business into three areas (automobile, motocycle and power divisions). He also divided Honda's geographical focus into four areas: Japan, North America, Europe and Rest of the World, and granted each area more autonomy in sales and marketing, manufacturing and development. These changes paid off as Honda's profits grew from $540 million in Fiscal 1990 to $1.78 billion in Fiscal 1996, and North American sales jumped 9%.

Kawamoto also had a love of planes, from watching the Imperial Japanese Navy take off for bombing runs of China during World War II.

Kawamoto retired from Honda in 1998, replaced by Hiroyuki Yoshino. In December 1998, he was awarded an honorary knighthood (KBE) for "valuable contributions to improving relations between Britain and Japan".

title: Nobuhiko Kawamoto


text:
Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Misterrick

 * ''The following discussion is preserved as an archive of a request for adminship that did not succeed. Please do not modify it.

Misterrick
[ Vote here]  (2/20/1) ending 06:52 October 22 2005''' (UTC)

– I would like have the opportunity to serve the Wikipedia community on a higher level. I have made many contributions and have proved myself to be reliable, I am on and monitor the Wikipedia site on a regular basis and I get along with other Wikipedia users including many of the admins. In my contributions you will see that I have kept my composure when pages that had contributed to were vandalized, Either I or another Wiki user reverted the page back to it's original text without any outbursts or anger on my part. I have also created a few new Wikipedia article which I thought would be in the interest of the Wiki community. I would also keep my Internet Relay Chat program open and set to the #wikipedia channel on the freenode.net server in the event that a user (including admins and newbies) need to contact me posthaste. Misterrick 06:51, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Candidate, please indicate acceptance of the nomination here: I hereby accept this nomination.

Support
 * 1) Support, been through the contributions and talk, this user is hardly a threat. If he wants the tools, he may have them. --Bjarki 14:32, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Merovingian (t) (c) ( e ) 21:57, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Oppose
 * 1) Oppose - from his statement at the top and his answer to question 1, he seems to know little of what adminship entails and from his lack of edits to talk namespaces, he seems to have interacted little with the community at large. --Cel e stianpower hablamé 07:59, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * In response, I would like to say I do know what an adminship entails and I strongly disagree with your opinion that I have lacked interaction with the community at large, It is my personal and humble opinion that your post of opposition is nothing more then an attempt to antagonize me into posting an angry response and to make me look like I am not mature enough to handle an administratorship, I'm sorry I won't allow you to try to bring me down. Misterrick 10:16, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I feel I am entitled to oppose on these grounds and see no reason to get hot under the collar. I don't "bait" users (as you would probaly know if you watched RfA) as this is unkind and not very courteous. There is no need to attack my vote and many people below, it would seem, agree with me. --Cel e stianpower hablamé 21:10, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose I rarely oppose, and I think this is only the second or third time I've done so for a non trivial issue. I would like to know why you want to be an administrator? Is is to get the rollback function and block users while working on your favourite article who have conflicting interests? You've been here since 2003, and you have 1300+ edits, and hardly anything in namespaces other than the main namespace. Please explain with a valid reason why you have a diparity in distribution wrt time. Since you contribute in the main namespace I have some questions: I've checked your upload log, but I still need some answers, how well do you know about image copyrights? Do you know the correct formats to use? It seems to me that you don't know anything about Fair use and copyrights. Can you prove me wrong? I also checked out the Mohegan Sun article. Do you know wikipedia's target audience? The article is slightly larger than a stub; why do like the article so much? Are you aware that driving directions are not considered encyclopedic?  =Nichalp   «Talk»=  08:43, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Ok, to answer your first question the main reason is not so I can go around banning people at a whim, I want to seriously work on Wikipedia to look at and help improve the vast number of articles, Only under dire circumstances and with consultation of other admins would I take any serious actions such as blocking a user either temporarily or permanently in response to your second question, Yes I do understand the concept of copyright and fair use, In fact I would like to point out that I am the owner and the co-owner of several registered U.S. Copyrights, Because of the type of business that I work in I need to be knowledgeable on current U.S. and International copyright and trademark laws and yes I am aware that driving directions are not encyclopedic but in the case of the driving distances listed in Mohegan Sun that is more for information purposes then anything else. Misterrick 10:16, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I doubt if Image:Jimboyd-tec.jpg qualifies as Fairold. Looks more like film-screenshot to me. (Plus, you've uploaded mostly static .gif files). I won't stoop to oppose you on such flimsy grounds, but I was just wondering if you knew about licences ,since you work in the article namespace and have been here for quite sometime. Now admins have been granted special tools: the blockuser, delete and protect page. (I won't include rollback here). Well, since you want to help improve the vast number of articles, how do you intend using these tools to actually "improve" articles? I usually like to extend my support to editors in their RFA nom, but I can find numerous problems with Mohegan Sun and Ramada, such as the lack of references. If you have solely worked on a better article, please let me know. Most of your recent edits were marked as minor, and I haven't found any real major contributions going back 100 edits or so in the article namespace. (I may be wrong). You also haven't answered my first question. I have no problems with low edit counts, provided you can give me a satisfactory reason, and those edits are valuable to the encyclopedia. =Nichalp   «Talk»=  20:22, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) weak Oppose well, his reaction to the first oppose makes me wonder if this user can handle disagreement: "I'm sorry I won't allow you to try to bring me down. Misterrick 10:16, 15 October 2005 (UTC)" ??? Besides, adminship isn't needed to improve articles and correct misspellings. -- (drini's page| ☎ ) 15:30, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Oppose your edit count and distribution seems okay, but your reasons for wanting adminship are misguided. You have done scant RC patrol, you haven't been active in voting here at RfA at all. You have been active at IFD and AFD, which is good. Your edit summary usage looks fairly high, which is good. Stay active at IFD/AFD, do more RC patrol, vote more in community events such as RfA, and next time, give us a better reason of why you need the admin tools and I will have no problem supporting. -Greg Asche (talk) 16:15, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Oppose per Drini...woops...got a little confused there... freestylefrappe 18:39, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Huh? =Nichalp   «Talk»=  20:22, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I think he meant Drini. Ëvilphoenix Burn! 20:34, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * No, I don't think he did. The candidate is going to be hung by his own words. -Splash talk 21:14, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Don't bite. Marskell 22:38, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I didn't. And anyone who comes to RfA is not (or should not be) a newbie. -Splash talk 00:33, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Huh? You mean anyone who noms or is nominated? A newbie can stumble across this page and still contribute usefully. By don't bite, I just meant "hey, he's going to be opposed, no need to rub it in." Marskell 10:55, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose per Drini. Ëvilphoenix Burn! 20:34, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Oppose per everyone above—especially his reaction to Celestianpower's vote. Or an   e    (t)   (c)   (@)  20:59, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Oppose. If that was the intent of Celestianpower's vote, it appears to have worked. Also, the answer to Q1 misunderstands the nature of adminship. It is not the role of admins to monitor Wikipedia's articles any more than other editors. They are not moderators, they are janitors. -Splash talk 21:14, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Oppose, per all those reasons given. Privat  e   Butcher  21:17, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) Oppose Don't like the reasons he gave. --JAranda'' | watz sup 00:10, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Strong Oppose His response to Celestianpower showed to me that he's unable to deal with disputes in a constructive way, his edit count is low, the response to answer #1 shows a complete misunderstanding of admin duties(regarding asking for consensus before doing anything, which almost sounds like someone would need to babysit him), and the final nail in the coffin was the self nom per my views on them at User:Karmafist/wikiphilosophies. Karmafist 02:13, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Oppose I've seen Celestianpower here for quite some time, and he neither baits nor bites. The above response seems to assume bad faith. BD2412  talk 05:05, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Oppose. Sorry to pile on, but he's hung himself.  User:Zoe|(talk) 05:23, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 9) Oppose - agree with Celestianpower and Drini. User seems naive in the ways of Wikipedia. --Scott Davis Talk 07:52, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 10) Oppose for reasons already stated by Drini and others -- Francs2000 [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px| ]] 22:34, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 11) Oh Dear God No! waaaaaay too green of a user to even ponder the chance of rollback and blocking powers, responses to some of the above opposition votes makes me wonder if this person can take criticism at all without considering it a personal attack.  ALKIVAR ™[[Image:Radioactive.svg|18px|]] 00:26, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 12) Oppose, which I don't think I've ever done, as per the response to Celestianpower. Immediately going into a defensive stance and violating WP:AGF because of criticism is a disqualifier in my book. If you become an admin, you'll be faced with vandals with much less scruples than an admin has. Tito xd (?!?) 21:04, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 13) Oppose. Sorry about piling on, but I have to agree with Celestianpower and Drini. Needs more experience first, and we'll see what happens. Sjakkalle (Check!)  14:43, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 14) Oppose. Response to Celestianpower is worrying. the wub  "?!"  16:21, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 15) Support per Bjarki--Rogerd 04:28, 19 October 2005 (UTC) Oppose after reviewing responses, I have changed my mind--Rogerd 00:01, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

Neutral
 * 1) Neutral. I oppose this candidate's becoming an admin, but he already hasn't a snowball's chance of succeeding, so I didn't think it was worth the bother to pile up on the oppose votes. — J I P  | Talk 18:10, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

Comments
 * Please fix your ending time. =Nichalp   «Talk»=  07:16, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1,385 edits per Kate's Tool, although I can't vouch 100% for the link due to the new essay Kate's put on there, and speaking of which, is there any way to just circumvent that essay page? Remind me to ask Kate later if nobody knows. Karmafist 02:13, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Good 'ol Kate is making it hard to access the tool for a reason. Down with editcountitits!Borisblue 02:41, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * A chart showing this user's edits along with a total # of edits line and average edits per day line is available here: Image:Misterrick-edits.png. I offer this not as a more refined version of editcountitis, but as just one tool to help evaluate an admin nominee with a somewhat low edit count on Wikipedia.--Durin 14:24, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Use of edit summaries is virtually 100%. Average edits per day is stable, and less than 2 per day. --Durin 14:24, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

Questions for the candidate

A few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? (Please read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.)
 * A. To monitor Wikipedia's articles to find errors and misspellings etc.. in the articles and fix them promptly and to help keep a watch for unscrupulous users and take appropriate action only with a consensus approval of Wikipedia Administrators.

 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. I am most pleased with two articles Mohegan Sun and Ramada because with Mohegan Sun I was able to take an article which had almost no information and turn it into a fully functioning page of information and for Ramada I was able to create a brand new article about a subject which has not yet been touched.

 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and how will you deal with it in the future?
 * A. Yes, most recently Mohegan Sun in which an unregistered user kept vandalizing the page I in response left a warning on their talk page asking them not to vandalize the page any further and even after several admins and I reverted the changes this user in turn responded by using threats and foul language I then contacted a Wikipedia Admin on the #Wikipedia IRC chat server and requested that they look into this and if possible to block them from further editing which was done. I remained calm and level headed during this entire time.

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page. No further edits should be made to this page.