text:
Young Animal (magazine)

Young Animal (ヤングアニマル) is a semimonthly Japanese seinen manga magazine that features photos of gravure idols. It has been published by Hakusensha on the second and fourth Friday of each month since 1992.

History and profile
Young Animal was launched in May 1992. The magazine is a successor to Monthly Animal House (月刊アニマルハウス), Hakusensha's previous seinen manga magazine that ran from 1989 to 1992. Young Animal is issued on the second and fourth Friday of each month in saddle-stapled B5 format. Its headquarters is in Tokyo.

A typical issue consists of about 300 black-and-white pulp pages of manga wrapped in about 20 slick pages of color pinup photos of teenage girls in bikinis (generally pop stars and gravure idols). Advertising (other than house ads for Hakusensha) appears only in the form of a few ads in the back pages and on the inside and back covers. As of 2015, circulation is approximately 119,000 copies. Each issue features about 15 different stories, mostly serial stories tending toward sexy romantic comedy, fantasy, and epic adventure, with a number of humorous yonkoma or four-panel gag strips.

Popular long-running series appearing in Young Animal include the medieval dark fantasy adventure Berserk and the modern day married-life sex comedy Futari Ecchi (both over 300 chapters as of 2010). A number of Young Animal manga series have been adapted into anime.

Titles serialized in Young Animal are published as tankōbon volumes by Hakusensha under the Young Animal Comics imprint. Prior to June 2016, volumes were published under the Jets Comics imprint.

Young Animal has also inspired several spin-off magazines: Young Animal Arashi (2000–2018); Young Animal Island (2004–2013), briefly relaunched as Young Animal Innocent (2014); and Young Animal Zero (2019–present).

Series
There are currently 24 manga titles being serialized in Young Animal.

1990s

 * Japan (ジャパン) by Kentaro Miura (1992)
 * Buttobi!! CPU (ぶっとび!!CPU) by Kaoru Shintani (1993–1997)
 * Air Master (エアマスター) by Yokusaru Shibata (1996–2006)
 * Cestvs: The Roman Fighter (セスタス -The Roman Fighter-) by Shizuya Wazarai (1997–2009)
 * Ai Yori Aoshi (藍より青し) by Kou Fumizuki (1998–2005)
 * Mouse by Satoru Akahori (story) and Hiroshi Itaba (art) (1999–2004)

2000s

 * Holyland (ホーリーランド) by Kouji Mori (2000–2008)
 * Yubisaki Milk Tea (ゆびさき ミルク ティー) by Tomochika Miyano (2002–2010)
 * Chocotto Sister (ちょこッとSister) by Gō Zappa (story) and Sakura Takeuchi (art) (2003–2007)
 * This Ugly yet Beautiful World (この醜くも美しい世界) by Ashita Morimi (2003–2005)
 * Yuria 100 Shiki (ユリア100式) by Shigemitsu Harada (story) and Nobuto Hagio (art) (2005–2010)
 * Detroit Metal City (デトロイト・メタル・シティ) by Kiminori Wakasugi (2005–2010)
 * KimiKiss: Various Heroines (キミキス -various heroines-) by Tarō Shinonome (2006–2009)
 * Ateya no Tsubaki (当て屋の椿) by Kanji Kawashita (2007–2020)
 * Jisatsutō (自殺島) by Kouji Mori (2008–2016)
 * Sickness Unto Death (死に至る病) by Hikaru Asada (story) and Takahiro Seguchi (art) (2009)
 * Usotsuki Paradox (うそつきパラドクス) by Nanki Satō (story) and Akira Kiduki (art) (2009–2012)
 * Nana & Kaoru (ナナとカオル) by Ryuta Amazume (2009–2016)
 * Amagami: Precious Diary (アマガミ precious diary) by Tarō Shinonome (2009–2011)

2010s

 * Kendo Shitō Den Cestvs (拳奴死闘伝セスタス) by Shizuya Wazarai (2010–2014)
 * Tokyo Yamimushi (東京闇虫) by Yūki Honda (2010–2016)
 * Photo Kano: Your Eyes Only (フォトカノ Your Eyes Only) by Nylon (2012–2013)
 * Mai Ball! (マイぼーる!) by Sora Inoue (2012–2019)
 * Giganto Maxia (ギガントマキア) by Kentaro Miura (2013–2014)
 * How Clumsy you are, Miss Ueno (上野さんは不器用) by Tugeneko (2015–2022)
 * Boku to René to Aoarashi (僕とルネと青嵐) by Kou Fumizuki (2015–2016)
 * Peleliu: Guernica of Paradise (ペリリュー -楽園のゲルニカ-) by Kazuyoshi Takeda (2016–2021)
 * Record of Grancrest War (グランクレスト戦記) by Ryo Mizuno (story) and Makoto Yotsuba (art) (2016–2019)
 * Asobi Asobase (あそびあそばせ) by Rin Suzukawa (2016–2022)
 * Tenjiku Neppūroku (天竺熱風録) by Yoshiki Tanaka (story) and Sei Itō (art) (2016–2019)
 * Boku wa Ikemen (ボクはイケメン) by Nanki Satō (story) and Akira Kiduki (art) (2016–2018)
 * Gal Gohan (ギャルごはん) by Marii Taiyou (2016–2020)
 * Dokunie Cooking (毒贄クッキング) by Suu Minazuki (2017–2019)
 * Our Last Crusade or the Rise of a New World (キミと僕の最後の戦場、あるいは世界が始まる聖戦) by Kei Sazane (original story) and Okama (2018–2021)
 * Witches Are In Their Prime In Their Three-Hundreds (魔女は三百路から) by Shigemitsu Harada (story) and Kyūjo Matsumoto (art) (2018–2020)

2020s

 * Ore wa Lolicon ja Nai! (俺はロリコンじゃない！) by Uran (2020–2023)
 * Love Flops (恋愛フロップス) by Love Flops Project (original story) and Ryūdai Ishizaka (2022–2023)
 * Sōsei no Taiga (創世のタイガ) by Kouji Mori (2023)

title: Young Animal (magazine)


text:
User:Silverhelm

Search user languages

Integrity check for British legal citations

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Silverhelm


text:
Pierre C. Cartier

Pierre Camille Cartier (March 10, 1878 – October 27, 1964) was a French jeweler. He was one of three sons of Alfred Cartier and the brother of Jacques Cartier and Louis Cartier. Pierre's grandfather, Louis-François Cartier had taken over the jewelry workshop of his teacher Adolphe Picard, in 1847, thereby founding the famous Cartier jewelry company.

Early life and education
Cartier was born March 10, 1878, in Paris, France, the second-eldest son of jeweller and Cartier founder Alfred Louis Francois Cartier (1841–1925) and his first wife Amélie Alice (née Grifeuille).

Career
In 1902, Pierre opened and began to manage the London Cartier store and in 1909, he opened the New York store, moving it in 1917 to the current location of 653 Fifth Avenue, the neo-Renaissance mansion of banker Morton Plant. After the death of his brothers in 1942, Pierre based his shop in Paris until he retired to Geneva in 1947.

Cartier became the owner of the Hope Diamond and on January 28, 1911, sold it to Edward B. McLean. In a deal concluded in the offices of the McLean family's Washington Post newspaper, Pierre Cartier sold the diamond for US$180,000. A clause in the sale agreement for the diamond, that was widely believed to bring death and disaster to its owner, stated that "Should any fatality occur to the family of Edward B. McLean within six months, the said Hope diamond is agreed to be exchanged for jewelry of equal value". By March, the diamond had not been paid for in accordance with the terms in the sale agreement. Cartier hired a lawyer to sue McLean for payment, who responded by saying it was on a loan for inspection. On February 2, 1912, the New York Times reported that the "Wealthy Purchasers of Famous Stone to Retain It Despite Sinister Reputation."

Personal life
On July 13, 1908, he married American-born Elma Rumsey, in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France. She was a daughter of Moses Rumsey, Jr., a wealthy pump industrialist, hailing from Saint Louis, Missouri. The family was described as being wealthier than the Cartiers at the time, and the marriage being a useful alliance. Elmas social circle included the Morgans, Roosevelts and the McLeans. The couple had six children, including Marion Rumsey Cartier (April 4, 1911 – March 20, 1994).

title: Pierre C. Cartier


text: User talk:Guylaor

title: User talk:Guylaor


text:
Live at the Hammersmith Odeon '81

Live at the Hammersmith Odeon '81 is a live album by The Stranglers, released by EMI in 1998 as part of the BBC Archive Series. Despite its title, the recording apparently hails from a gig on 8 February 1982.

This concert was recorded by the BBC radio 'In Concert' programme for broadcast but was never broadcast. It remained in the BBC archives for 16 years until it was released on CD in 1998. The CD title was originally released as Live At The Hammersmith Odeon '81 but this was corrected at a later date to '82. The concert was recorded on 8 February 1982 during the second part of The Stranglers' La Folie British tour.

Track listing

 * 1) "Down in the Sewer"
 * 2) "Just Like Nothing on Earth"
 * 3) "Second Coming; Non Stop"
 * 4) "The Man they Love to Hate"
 * 5) "Who Wants the World"
 * 6) "Golden Brown"
 * 7) "How to find True Love and Happiness in the Present Day"
 * 8) "Duchess"
 * 9) "Let Me Introduce You to the Family"
 * 10) "Tramp"
 * 11) "The Raven"
 * 12) "Genetix"

title: Live at the Hammersmith Odeon '81


text:
Talk:Vladimir Voronin

Comments

 * no needs to copy Bush template. rm dublicated information

Serhio, Wikipedia articles are supposed to begin with a lead section. See: Lead section. bogdan | Talk 12:21, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Ok, redacted; thanks. serhio talk

Origin
I saw the recent emphasis about the Romanian origin of Voronin, and indeed some Romanian newspapers wrote about it. His mother was surely Romanian (Moldovan from Transnistria), however, I thought that Voronin's father was Russian (this is why he has a Russian family name) and only his stepfather was Romanian. I am not sure that what Romanian press wrote about his origin is correct.--MariusM (talk) 16:25, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

 * If his mother was "Moldovan from Transnistria", it means she was "Moldovan", not "Romanian"! СЛУЖБА (talk) 19:08, 18 October 2009 (UTC)

 * It seems it's the other way around - father Moldovan, step father - Russian. Is there no official biography of him, I wonder? --Illythr (talk) 22:14, 28 March 2008 (UTC)
 * You consider now Dabija as RS? ;-) It seems Voronin is keeping discretion about his ethnic origin. I remember him in a discussion at Antena 1 Romanian TV long time ago, he was asked directly "what language do you speak?" and he told that when he is speaking with his mother he is speaking "Moldovan". My conclusion was that with his father he is speaking in a different language. Anyhow, with his wife and with his children he is speaking Russian. Also with his cat, as I saw in a documentary which was for a while source for Transnistria article. When talking with their cats, people are most sincere.--MariusM (talk) 22:29, 28 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I consider Dabija "hearsay" in such matters. I see no reason for him to bluntly lie about Voronin's father, though. Why lie if one can always pick the "right" facts and interpret them the "right" way?
 * Many Moldovans (especially middle-aged) are Russian-speakers, so that's not a decisive factor. --Illythr (talk) 23:33, 28 March 2008 (UTC)

With regard to the "Moldovan-speaking schools", there is no such thing as a Moldovan language. We call it, Romanian. I will donate Wikipedia a dollar for every proof of existence of certified Romanian-Moldovan translators outside Moskow.--Special:Contributions/-Tatar Bunar file (talk) 10:48, 15 April 2009 (UTC)

The article says: "his grandfather Isidor Sârbu was an anticommunist fighter in Romania after 1944.[1][2][3] Voronin's mother, Pelagheia Bujeniţă, died on July 2, 2005.[4]" Who is this grandfather? Father of father or father of mother? If he is father of mother, he has no connection whatsoever to Vladimir's ethnicity. Ethnicity is strictly through the direct male line. СЛУЖБА (talk) 19:15, 18 October 2009 (UTC)

This is truly ridiculous
The article reads like an anti-Voronin manifesto, especially the bit about the recent riots etc. Zbanochkou (talk) 14:34, 3 June 2009 (UTC) As much as I hate him, the communists, and the s*#ty situation Moldova is in (politically and economically), I have to admit that Zbanochkou is right.Is there someone able to rewrite the said paragraph as fact and not as opinion (I know I can't due to explained reasons)? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 162.129.44.87 (talk) 13:08, 14 September 2009 (UTC)

July or August?
Vladimir Voronin says "In the parliamentary election in August 2009, ... " That links to a disambiguation page showing 2 elections. But Moldovan parliamentary election, July 2009 appears to describe the same election, and says it happened on July 29. July or August? Art LaPella (talk) 17:27, 14 September 2009 (UTC)
 * Art LaPella (talk) 23:27, 14 September 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Vladimir Voronin. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060314200700/http://eurojournal.org/files/05.09PCRM.pdf to http://eurojournal.org/files/05.09PCRM.pdf

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:59, 10 December 2017 (UTC)

This is not an article about whether or not his economic and social stances contradict
Despite the fact that he identifies himself as a left-wing politician, Voronin is intolerant on social issues. He is against immigration[28] and he rejects the building of mosques in Moldova,[29] as well as LGBT rights.[30]

This should be changed since Eastern European hard left politicians have always tended to have a societal conservative stance. Solidarityandfreedom (talk) 09:50, 23 February 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Vladimir Voronin


text:
War pigs

War pigs are pigs speculated to have been used, rarely at most, in ancient warfare as a countermeasure to war elephants.

War pigs or variation, may also refer to:

People

 * Andy Warpigs, U.S. singer-songwriter
 * Das Kampfschwein (The War Pig), nickname in English for Belgian soccer player and manager Marc Wilmots

Music

 * "War Pigs" (song), a song by Black Sabbath from their 1970 album Paranoid (album also called "War Pigs")
 * War Pigs (album), 1970 album by Black Sabbath with the eponymous title track "War Pigs"; album also called "Paranoid"
 * Warpig (album), 1970 album by eponymous band Warpig
 * Warpig (band), a Canadian band
 * Warpigs (band), a Hungarian band

Other uses

 * War Pigs (film), a 2015 war film

title: War pigs


text:
User talk:Kuxu~enwiki

Bienvenue!
Hi Kuxu! Remember me from fr:Utilisateur:HappyCamper? If you ever need a hand let me know, and I'd be glad to help! See you around :-) --HappyCamper 01:19, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Bonjour Kuxu!

 * Ah, tu as vu que je peux parler en français? Bien sûr, Je voudrais te parler en français...peut-être un petit peu du franglais? :P

 * J'ai étudié le français il y a quelques années. Malheureusement, j'avais presque tout le oublié. (Je ne sais pas quelqu'un forme le futur et le plus-que-parfait maintenant!) Alors, J'ai décidé d'apprendre français encore sur Wikipédia. J'aime le français, et j'aime les langues! Oui, je suis un administrateur sur Wikipédia Anglais, assez actif je sais. Et tu, à Wikipédia Français? Si tu as des questions, ou des besoins, viens chez ma page communiqué. :-) (Une page communiqué est le terme pour le "talk page" en anglais?)

 * Anyway, nice to see you around! Oh, and one last thing: S'il fait du soleil à Wikipédia, il en fait partout! --HappyCamper 01:10, 25 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Heh! Well, what a coincidence - I was not busy two days ago, but now I am :-) Kuxu, don't worry if I am busy or not - I want you to know that I'm always approachable, and will make reasonable time for everyone here. There is a reason why I put juste un Wikipédian on my talk page :-) Oh yes, I wanted to let you know that in English, proper nouns, like names places are capitalized. In literature, it is always "English" and "French" as opposed to "english" and "french". --HappyCamper 13:43, 27 November 2005 (UTC)

Thanks
Thank you for your welcome. I'm an active user on the french wikipedia, and here, I'll try to improve or create some english articles related to France or french culture. A bientôt. Kuxu 02:30, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Wonderful! I'm driving to southern france tomorrow in a Mercedes-Benz C-Class (a rental ;) Maybe I'll run into you at a cafe :)

 * Sam Spade 13:10, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

Meeting into a cafe in soutern France, I don't think it's possible, I'm currently living in Rouen ;-) But nice choice for the car. You're in France for the work or for pleisure (vacations?)? Right now, the weather is not excellent but I hope you'll enjoy your trip. Kuxu 23:28, 24 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, the weather was very bad for driving and etc... I went to see some of my wifes family in martigues for thanksgiving. It was very nice, and I am, pleased to say my first visit to france contridicted anti-French stereotypes I have heard as an american, esp. that French people are rude or dirty. Everyone was clean, friendly, and ate nice food :) Actually I found people to be impressively nice, and enjoyed myself very much. The rare beef and tasty blonde beers were an unexpectedly nice treat, and of course I loved the wines and cheeses! Despite living in Germany, I find I prefer French beer? Very suprising! Cheers, Sam Spade 22:55, 27 November 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Kuxu. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Kuxu~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 01:14, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 15:11, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kuxu~enwiki


text:
Teltschik Tower

Teltschik Tower is a 41-metre-high observation tower built of wood in Wilhelmsfeld, Germany. There is a viewing platform at a height of 36 meters.

The tower was built by Walter Teltschik, a citizen of Wilhelmsfeld, in remembrance of his origins in the Kuhländchen near Brno, a part of the former Sudetenland (modern-day Czech Republic). From the top of the tower there is a view over the hills of the Odenwald (mountainous region in southern Germany) and as well to the Rhine Valley near Mannheim and the Black Forest.

title: Teltschik Tower


text:
Danske Bank (Norway)

Danske Bank, formerly named Fokus Bank, is the Norwegian operations of the Danish Danske Bank. It has long been one of the largest banks in Scandinavia.

Danske Bank has 41 local branches spread around all of Norway. The main office is in Trondheim and the bank employs approximately 1,000 workers. The bank has 210,000 private customers and 15,000 business customers.

The bank has two subsidiaries:
 * Danske Capital AS manages money market, obligation and mutual funds with the brand name Danske Invest.
 * The real estate agent Fokus Krogsveen AS, branded as Krogsveen.

History
The banks that made up Danske Bank were all incorporated between 1868 and 1932.

Danske Bank is the result of merge between of all together seven regional banks in Norway and was noted on Oslo Stock Exchange. The merger was between Buskerudbanken, Bøndernes Bank, Forretningsbanken, Vestlandsbanken in 1987 and with Tromsbanken (1990), Rogalandsbanken (1991) and Samvirkebanken (1993). In 1999 it was acquired by Danske Bank, and became part of the Danske Bank Corporation on May 7, 1999.

title: Danske Bank (Norway)


text:
Tan Ser Cher

Tan Ser Cher is a weightlifter from Singapore who began full-time training in the sport when he was 16, and was crowned the "Champion of Champions" in the local weightlifting competition in 1954 at the age of 21. He represented Singapore in the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia in his first international competition, and came in at 7th position.

In 1955, Tan won his first international title at a triangle meet (Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia) in Singapore with a weight of 655 lbs. In 1956, he won silver medal at a 4 nation-meet (Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and China) with a weight of 655.5 lbs.

In 1958, Tan reached the 4th position at the 3rd Asian Games held in Tokyo, Japan. Two months later, he achieved the gold medal at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in the featherweight category after hoisting 685 lbs. Tan then retire from weightlifting due to an injury to his back.

However, in 1959, he was asked to represent Singapore in the 1st SEAP Games in Bangkok, Thailand. He won a bronze medal in the featherweight division and retired permanently from weightlifting.

title: Tan Ser Cher


text:
Talk:La ilaha illallah

There is already an article for "Shahada". There isn't a need for a seperate article. This should redirect to Shahada. --Yodakii 12:24, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:La ilaha illallah


text: Category:Singaporean weightlifters

title: Category:Singaporean weightlifters


text:
Gakhars

The Gakhar (گاکھر) is a historical Punjabi Muslim tribe with origins in the northern Punjab, Pakistan. The Gakhars now predominantly follow Islam after conversion from Hinduism during the Islamic rule in Punjab.

History
In the Muslim historiography, the Gakhars have been frequently confused with the Khokhars, who inhabited the same region, and it has been challenging to separate the events of both tribes. Gakhars formed an important part of the army of Shāhis of Gandhāra. Around 30,000 Gakhars fought against Maḥmūd of Ghazna in 1008 CE near Peshawar but were defeated. By the time of Sultan Muʿizz al-Dīn Muḥammad Ghūrī Gakhars had converted to Islam.

In the following centuries, Gakhars engaged in a long-running struggle for sovereignty over the Salt Range with the neighbouring tribes: "The history of this region (the Salt Range) from the thirteenth century onward had been a sickening record of wars between various dominant landowning and ruling clans of Punjabi Muslims including the Janjuas, Gakhars, Thathals and Bhattis for political ascendancy."

For a period, Gakhars were superseded by the Khokhars who under their chieftain Jasrat gained control of most of upper Punjab in the 15th century. However, by the time of Mughal emperor Bābur's invasion of subcontinent, Gakhars had regained power. Under their chief Hātī Khān, Gakhars attacked Babūr in 1525 when he marched against the Delhi Sultanate. Babūr seized Gakhar fortress of Phaŕwāla and Hātī Khān fled, but when Hātī Khān offered his submission to Babūr and provided supplies for the Mughal army, he compensated Hātī Khān well and conferred on him the title of Sultan. During the reign of Humāyūn, Sulṭān Sārang Khān gained much prominence. He refused to acknowledge Shēr Shāh Sūr as new emperor when the latter defeated Humāyūn, as a result Shēr Shāh led an expedition against Sārang Khān who was defeated and executed. His tomb is in Rawāt.

Sārang Khān's brother, Ādam Khān succeeded him. In 1552, Humāyūn's rebel brother prince Kamrān sought shelter with Ādam Khān but he was betrayed and given up to Humāyūn, who rewarded Ādam Khān with the insignia of nobility for the treachery.

In 1555, Ādam Khān was defeated and killed by his nephew Kamāl Khān, a son of Sārang Khān, possibly on the instigation by emperor Akbar to strengthen his hold over the Gakhars. Further a daughter of Kamāl Khān's brother, Sayd Khān was married to prince Salim.

18th century
In the early 18th century, Gakhars gained independence from Mughals. They controlled major regions of Potohar between Jhelum and Indus, including Rawalpindi, Pharwala, Gujar Khan, Kahuta, Fatehjang and Rohtas. The notable Gakhar chief Muqarrab Khan conquered cities of Gujrat and Jhelum in 1740. He issued his own coins in which he claimed to be ruler of tract between Attock and Chenab. He defeated the Yusafzai Afghans and Jang Kuli Khan of Khattak and overran as far north as Bhimber. However, the Bhangi misl under Sardar Milka Singh forced him to give up control of Gujarat in 1765 and he returned to Jehlum. In 1769 he was treacherously captured and put to death by a rival chief, Himmat Khan of Bugial clan. Ultimately Sikhs conquered Rawalpindi too in 1767 and Gakhars were left with only Phurwala and Jhelum under their control. Muqarrab's son succeeded to his dominions, until Jhelum (1810) and Pharwala (1818) fell to the Ranjit Singh's invasions.

title: Gakhars


text:
Jordanhill School

Jordanhill School educates children from age 4–19. It was formerly run by Jordanhill College of Education as its demonstration school, and was previously known as Jordanhill College School.

Uniquely among Scottish schools, it is funded directly by the Scottish Government (rather than through the local authority, in this case Glasgow City Council).

The school consists of a primary department and a secondary department. In the primary, P1 & P2 have three classes of twenty-two pupils each while P3–P7 have two classes of thirty-three. Pupils in upper Primary spend up to 60% of their week working in the Secondary department. The secondary school takes in an additional thirty-three pupils in S1 to bring the number per year up to 99. The school is categorised as non-denominational.

The school is state-funded by direct grant from the Scottish Government, and is non fee-paying. The school catchment area encompasses predominantly owner-occupied housing in West Glasgow. The school regularly records among the best exam results in Scotland.

History
The college was an out-of-town location that sought to merge two teacher training centres that were heavily influenced by education training pioneer David Stow, a Glasgow merchant. These were the Free Church Normal Seminary and the Dundas Vale Normal Seminary, two of the earliest teacher training colleges in Scotland. This merger was a government-sponsored initiative of 1905, when it was decided that teacher training should be taken away from the church and placed under the control of a provincial committee.

The site of the college – and now the school – was on the old Jordanhill Estate grounds. The old Jordanhill House was demolished around 1915, with the Glasgow Provincial Committee buying the land to build their new college, though the plot had been for sale since 1911. The school buildings were completed in 1921, although the school was founded a year earlier, in 1920. Headmasters include Andrew Walker (1891–1974), who led Jordanhill College School from 1936 to 1956, having earlier served from 1921 to 1932 as a mathematics and science master and - initially - the only teacher in the new secondary department, formed in 1921 with twenty pupils. His successor, William T Branston (1915–1984), at the time of his 1956 appointment was the youngest headteacher in Scotland and whose tenure - Branston retired in December 1980 - saw successive challenges, from sustained upheaval in Scottish school curricula to a serious bid to shut Jordanhill College School in 1969. (It survived, the controversy concluding in December 1970, with the school adjusting readily to non-selective and non fee-paying status)

A former naval officer and veteran of the Second World War, committed to good works from amateur dramatics through the YMCA (he chaired the Glasgow organisation) to the Scottish National Orchestra Chorus and influential lay service in the Church of Scotland, William Branston was to most pupils an 'astonishingly remote, God-like figure'. He enforced regular religious observance – such as morning assembly – and the school was noted through the 1970s for its rigid uniform code and highly conservative, rote-learning traditional teaching methods, notably in arithmetic and English grammar.

The school remained under control of the College until 1988, when it switched to its current directly funded status. This move caused controversy at the time, with various other options considered (including becoming a Council-run establishment or, indeed, a fee-paying school). In the end a combination of a spirited "Save Our School" campaign spearheaded by Branston's successor, Alistair Cram and ingenious political machinations led to the school becoming directly funded by the Scottish Office (and later the Scottish Executive). Cram resigned in 1988, and in 1989 'College' was dropped from the school name, at the insistence of Jordanhill College.

In 1993 the college merged with the University of Strathclyde, with the Jordanhill Campus serving as home to the Education Faculty. The campus has fallen into disrepair, and is being redeveloped as new housing by CALA Homes Ltd.

Headmasters/Rectors

 * E.J.V Brown (1920–1923)
 * Tod Ritchie (1923–1931)
 * William Montgomerie (1931–1936)
 * Andrew Walker (1936–1956)
 * William Branston (1956–1980)
 * Alistair Cram (1981–1988)
 * William Bedborough (1989–1997)
 * Paul W. Thomson (1997–2020)
 * John D. Anderson (2020–present)

Modernisation
An addition in recent decades was the Macmillan Building, a small building behind the school; housing a classroom used for RE and additional sports changing facilities. In early 2005 the school acquired the former Laurel Park games hall on Anniesland Road, in partnership with the Glasgow Academy. Work on the multi-million modern two-storey "South Campus" was completed in mid 2009. It accommodates mainly secondary school classes and some upper primary classes. The building covers four departments: art, mathematics, modern languages, and social sciences. It is connected to the original "North Campus" via a walkway parallel to the sports pitch. The sports pitch was upgraded from blaze to artificial grass and a MUGA pitch (Multi-Use Games Area) around the same time; which has now been converted to artificial grass.

the houses in this school's catchment zone are the most expensive in consideration of any Scottish school's catchment zone, with the exception of those in East Lothian and Edinburgh.

Miscellaneous
The school's Latin motto, beneath its coat of arms is "Ad summa nitor", which translates to "Strive for the highest".

The school uniform consists of dark trousers for boys (brown shorts were obligatory in the Primary Department until 1977, when the option of 'longs' was ceded to Primary Seven boys) a brown skirt (or pinafore for primary girls) for girls, a white shirt (the option of cream was permitted into the early 1990s) and a brown blazer. Girls for a long time were not allowed to wear trousers (despite movements and petitions by student bodies to end girls not being allowed to wear trousers, which had all been controversially blocked by the board of managers and the SMT for several years). Female pupils are allowed to choose to wear trousers or skirts as of 2018.

Blazers are compulsory for all pupils. The tie is yellow, brown and green for everyone except the seniors (S5-S6), who wear a brown tie with the school crest. S4-S6 pupils achieving excellence in extra-curricular activities (for example representing their country at their chosen sport) are awarded a green Honours tie. Similarly, pupils in S5 and S6 may be awarded Colours and/or dates on their blazer. Half-Colours is a gold trim that extends around the cuff and bottom of the blazer, compared to full-Colours which also lines the collar. Colours and dates are awarded for excellence and/or achievement in music or sport. In academia, pupils who receive 5 As at Higher in S5 are awarded full Colours in S6.

The school is categorised as non-denominational, however students are required to attend 3 Christian Church services at the end of each term at Jordanhill Parish Church.

In 2015, the school controversially denied a place to a child with complex additional support needs. The school claimed, due to its unique method of funding, it did not have suitable equipment for the child.

Jordanhill's Senior Leadership Team (SLT) consists of:
 * Rector John Anderson;
 * Depute Rector Douglas Brown;
 * Depute Head Teacher (responsible for Junior (S1-S3) Secondary) Andrew Fraser;
 * Depute Head Teacher (responsible for Senior (S4-S6) Secondary) Helen Kelly;
 * Head of Primary Richard Buchan;
 * Depute Head of Primary Ashley Benjamin.

The railway station closest to the school is Jordanhill railway station.

The school was used as a filming location for Trainspotting, the film of the 1993 Irvine Welsh novel. The school has also been used for the filming of BBC dramas; Shetland in 2012 and 2016 and Single Father in 2010.

Notable pupils

 * Gavin Arneil – paediatric nephrologist
 * Tom Buchan (1931–1995) Scottish poet, novelist and playwright/dramatist.
 * Corrie Dick – renowned musician
 * Iain Macintyre (endocrinologist)
 * Gareth Hoare - famed electrical engineer, youngest vice-president of Institution of Engineering and Technology
 * Eric Forth – Conservative MP and MEP.
 * Jen Beattie – International footballer
 * Johnnie Beattie – International rugby union player
 * Justin Currie – main songwriter of the band Del Amitri.
 * Aaron Hickey - International footballer for Brentford and the Scottish National Team.
 * Iain Smith (producer) - BAFTA award winning film producer.
 * Ziggy Gordon - Professional footballer.

title: Jordanhill School


text:
Romanianization

Romanianization is the series of policies aimed toward ethnic assimilation implemented by the Romanian authorities during the 20th and 21st century. The most noteworthy policies were those aimed at the Hungarian minority in Romania, Jews and as well the Ukrainian minority in Bukovina and Bessarabia.

In the period between the two World Wars
After the end of World War I, on 1 December 1918, the Romanian National Council (elected representatives of the Romanian population) and soon afterwards, the representatives of the German population had decided to unify with Romania. The decision was contested by the Hungarian minority. The Hungarian–Romanian War of 1918–1919 established Romanian control over Transylvania, while the Treaty of Trianon of 1920 determined the Romanian border with the new Hungarian state. However, Transylvania had a large Hungarian minority of 25.5%, according to the 1920 census. A portion of them fled to Hungary after the union; however, most of them remained in Romania, and by the 1930s, their number increased to 26.7% of the whole Transylvanian population. The increase in the proportion of the Hungarian minority in Transylvania was induced by the immigration of the Hungarians from Hungary and by the significant improvement of living standards of the Hungarian minority in Romania compared with those of the interwar Hungarian population. While Romania included large national minorities, the 1923 Constitution declared the country to be a nation-state, following the French model which was popular in many European nations at that time.

After the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, the post-war mass actions undertaken by the Romanian authorities were primarily directed against the Hungarian aristocracy and, at times, the Jews. The takeover did not happen without impacting the cultural and economic life of the Hungarians. While, in accordance with the Agricultural Act of 1921, a number of Hungarian estates and lands were confiscated, the land reform openly favored the Romanians, the national group which used to be the victims of the unjust land allocation systems in place during Hungarian rule.

Although Romania won the war, the anti-Hungarian sentiments were not remitted. During the 1930s, in response to Hungarian irredentism, anti-revisionist demonstrations began in Romania, supported by Nationalist newspapers like Universul. After a particularly violent protest in Cluj, Foreign Minister Nicolae Titulescu officially condemned the events in Bucharest newspapers.

In August 1940, during World War II, Northern Transylvania was annexed by Hungary as a result of the Second Vienna Award, leaving Southern Transylvania to Romania. After the coup d'état of 23 August 1944, Romania left the Axis and joined the Allies, and, as such, fought together with the Soviet Union's Red Army against Nazi Germany and Hungary, regaining Northern Transylvania. During the fall of 1944, after the withdrawal of the Hungarian military forces and administration from Transylvania, the Székely Land was engaged and pillaged by the Romanian Gendarmerie and volunteers. However, on 12 November 1944, the Soviets expelled the returning Romanian authorities from Northern Transylvania with reference to the massacres committed by members of Iuliu Maniu's so-called Maniu Guard, and the Romanian administration was not allowed to return until the communist-led government of Petru Groza was formed on 6 March 1945. The Hungarian-Romanian conflicts in 1940 and 1944 are still controversial.

After the Second World War
From 1947, the Romanian authorities gradually eliminated the wartime Hungarian institutions, after the Treaty of Trianon borders had been restored at the Paris Peace Treaties of 1947. However, Hungary was a Communist country as well; after the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, Hungarians in Transylvania were often accused of separatism and revisionism, and the majority of Hungarian intellectual and spiritual leaders, including Catholic bishop Áron Márton, were arrested and imprisoned for years. On the other hand, during the Communist era, the former civil organization possibilities of the interwar period were eliminated.

After 1948, the industrialization of towns doubled or even tripled the number of inhabitants in some urban areas, most of the newcomers being ethnic Romanians from the rural areas. The urbanization policy, a natural phenomenon tied to economic development and the intention of transforming a predominantly agrarian country into an industrialized one, was followed throughout Romania, including in areas inhabited by minorities.

By the late 1950s, the regime of Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej increasingly manipulated Romanian nationalism as a popular legitimizing device, applying more repressive policies toward the Hungarian minority. After the Hungarian Revolution of 1956, the Magyar Autonomous Region was dissolved and most key posts were filled by loyal Romanians.

In 1959, the Hungarian university in Cluj was merged with the Romanian one to become Babeș-Bolyai University, an almost exclusively Romanian-language institution. The event was marked by the suicide of several Hungarian professors. The Romanianization of education had begun earlier, in 1958, with the forced merger of Magyar primary schools with Romanian ones. The Csángós, for their part, lost their last Hungarian school in 1958.

After Nicolae Ceaușescu came to power in 1965, the assimilationist drive was pursued with new vigor. The remaining minority "privileges" were lost; Hungarian representation in the local bureaucracies was limited to the proportion of Hungarians in the total population. Mass resettlement of Romanians into Transylvania took place. Hungarian intellectuals were coerced into leaving Transylvania and were compelled to take jobs in non-Hungarian areas which also contributed to Romanianization.

Results
According to census data, the Hungarian population of Transylvania decreased from 25.5% in 1920 to 19.6% in 2002. Changes were more significant in cities/larger settlements where Hungarians used to be the majority, especially in Northern Transylvanian cities such as Oradea and Cluj-Napoca.

Romanianization of the Transylvanian population was also affected by the fact that 300,000 Germans emigrated to West Germany. The West German state paid Romania the equivalent of US$2,632 per ethnic German emigrant, as of 1983. Also, about 50,000 Jews who survived the Holocaust emigrated to Israel on similar terms. These mass emigrations were, however, an example of positive discrimination towards the German and Jewish populations, as the rest of the Transylvanian population (Romanians, Hungarians, Romas) had no opportunity to take part in this economically-driven emigration.

Romanianization was less sustained in the compact Székely areas of south-eastern Transylvania (the Székely Land), where in 2002, Hungarians made up around 61% of the population. The capital city of the former Magyar Autonomous Region (covering mostly the Székely areas) is an exception: the percentage of Hungarians in Târgu Mureş decreased to 46%, as the industrialization of the city led many people from the surrounding rural areas (largely Romanian) to move into the city.

Recent events
In the aftermath of the Romanian Revolution of 1989, ethnic-based political parties were constituted by both the Hungarians, who founded the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania, and by the Romanian Transylvanians, who founded the Romanian National Unity Party. Ethnic conflicts, however, never occurred on a significant scale, even though some violent clashes, such as the Târgu Mureș events of March 1990, did take place shortly after the fall of the Ceaușescu regime.

In 1995, a basic treaty on the relations between Hungary and Romania was signed. In the treaty, Hungary renounced all territorial claims to Transylvania, and Romania reiterated its respect for the rights of its minorities. Relations between the two countries improved as Romania and Hungary became members of the European Union in the 2000s.

The Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR) is the major representative of Hungarians in Romania, and is a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization. The aim of the UDMR is to achieve local government, cultural and territorial autonomy and the right to self-determination for Hungarians. UDMR is a member of the European Democrat Union (EDU) and the European People's Party (EPP). Since 1996, the UDMR has been a member or supporter of every governmental coalition.

Political agreements have brought the gradual implementation of Hungarian in everyday life: Public Administration Law 215/2002 stipulates "the use of national minority languages in public administration in settlements where minorities exceed 20% of the population"; minority ethnics will receive a copy of the documents in Romanian and a translation in their language; however, official documents are preserved by the local administration in Romanian only; local administration will provide inscriptions for the names of localities and public institutions under their authority, and display public interest announcements in the native language of the citizens of the respective ethnic minority under the same 20% rule.

Even though Romania co-signed the European laws for protecting minorities' rights, the implementation has not proved satisfactory to all members of the Hungarian community. There is a movement by Hungarians both for an increase in autonomy and distinct cultural development. Initiatives proposed by various Hungarian political organizations include the creation of an "autonomous region" in the counties that form the Székely region (Székelyföld), roughly corresponding to the territory of the former Magyar Autonomous Region, as well as the historical Székely Land that had been abolished by the Hungarian government in the second half of the 19th century, and the re-establishment of an independent state-funded Hungarian-language university.

However, the situation of the Hungarian minority in Romania has been seen as a model of cultural and ethnic diversity in the Balkan area: In an address to the American people, President Bill Clinton asked in the midst of the air war in Kosovo: ''Who is going to define the future of this part the world... Slobodan Milošević, with his propaganda machine and paramilitary forces which compel people to give up their country, identity, and property, or a state like Romania which has built a democracy respecting the rights of ethnic minorities?''

The process is, with a lower intensity, active even today, irrespective of the political affiliation of the current government, partly because each party uses the ethnic minorities as scapegoats for their own electoral benefit. The measures include:

 * the appointment of openly nationalist politicians or former military officials in leading public functions in Hungarian-majority areas,
 * punishment of public use of the Hungarian national symbols of the Hungarian minority,
 * stigmatization of minority organisations by the press and government officials as enemies of the state,
 * withdrawal of state decorations from people publicly talking about minority rights abuses of the Romanian state.

In June 2019, a Romanian crowd broke into the former Austro-Hungarian military cemetery in Valea Uzului, despite heavy police presence and a human chain of ethnic Hungarians protesting peacefully. The cemetery was established in 1917 by Austrians and Hungarians as the burial place for the fallen heroes of WWI battles, and has also been used during WWII for the same purpose. The local council in Dormănești, a town of 8,600 inhabitants located in Bacău County and which does not have jurisdiction over the cemetery, began a so-called “renovation” on the cemetery grounds, erecting concrete crosses and a memorial to Romanian war heroes that are in fact buried in the neighbouring former village of Poiana Uzului. The council of Dormănești, however, scheduled the inauguration of the newly and illegally erected Romanian war memorial. Eager to protect the burial site of their fallen heroes, some 1,000 ethnic Hungarians formed a human chain in silent prayer around the graveyard. Despite police presence, several from the Romanian crowd eventually broke through the police cordon and the fence and tore open the cemetery gate. Some members of the Hungarian group were physically attacked and injured. The Romanian Ministry of Culture and Ministry of Defense have said that the new crosses and memorial violate the law.

Policies toward the Ukrainian minority in Romania
The territories of Bukovina (today split between Romania and Ukraine) and Bessarabia (today by 2/3 in the republic of Moldova and 1/3 in Ukraine), were historically populated by the Romanians and Ukrainians for hundreds of years.

In 1775, Bukovina was annexed by the Habsburg monarchy, which offered certain currency in the public life for the two nations, however the general policy on churches and education disfavored the Christian Orthodox population. Austrian control favored immigration to develop the economy of the region. Due to Bukovina being administratively linked to the province of Galicia, the ethnic composition of the province was altered by waves of Ruthenian (Ukrainian), German and Jewish immigrants. According to Keith Hitchins, "In 1774 the estimated population was 75000; in 1810 it was 198,000, and in 1848 378,000. The changes in the province's ethnic composition were dramatic. In 1774 the Romanians constituted an overwhelming majority, roughly 64,000 to 8,000 Ruthenians (Ukrainians) and 3,000 others.  By 1810 the Romanian share had fallen from 85 per cent to 75 per cent (150,000 to 48,000 non-Romanians), and in 1848 there were 209,000 Romanians (55 per cent), 109,000 Ukrainians (29 per cent) and 60,000 others (16 per cent).  The Jewish population rose from 526 in 1774 to 11,600 in 1848."

In 1918, following the collapse of Austria-Hungary, control over the whole of Bukovina fell under the Kingdom of Romania; same situation happens in Bessarabia after the relinquishment of Russian Empire. The takeover was followed by the policy of Romanianization of ethnic minorities, mostly Ukrainians, pursued by the Romanian authorities. The policies were built on an increasing sentiment spread in Romanian media and historic works that all of Bukovina was inherently a Romanian ethnic territory. Ion Nistor, a prominent Romanian historian and one of the most vocal proponents of Greater Romanian nationalism, was made a rector of the University of Cernăuţi  (Chernivtsi), the main university of the province. Enrollment of Ukrainians in the university fell from 239 out of 1671 in 1914 to 155 out of 3,247 in 1933, while Romanian enrollment in the same period increased to 2,117 out of 3,247.

The Romanianization policies brought the closure of the Ukrainian public schools (all such schools were closed until 1928) and the suppression of most of the Ukrainian (Ruthenian) cultural institutions. The very term "Ukrainians" was prohibited from the official usage and some populations of disputable Ukrainian ethnicity were rather called the "citizens of Romania who forgot their native language" and were forced to change their last names to Romanian-sounding ones. Among those who were Romanianized were descendants of Romanians who were assimilated to Ukrainian society in the past. As such, according to the Romanian census, of the total population of 805,000, 74% were called Romanians; the number included the Ukrainians and other possibly related Ukrainian ethnic groups Hutsuls referred to as "Romanians who forgot their native language"

According to the 1930 census, Ukrainians made up 3.2% of the population of Romania. The declines in Ukrainian population between the censuses of 1919 and 1930 is illustrated as follows: the first census indicates a population of 16,250,000, of which 763,750 (4.7%) were Ukrainians; in 1930, as the total population had increased by 11% (to 18,025,896), the Ukrainian community had dropped to 576,828 members (75.5% of the previous total).

title: Romanianization


text:
Mugison

Örn Elías Guðmundsson, known professionally as Mugison (born 4 September 1976), is an Icelandic musician.

Early life
In 1977, Guðmundsson and his family moved from Reykjavík to Ísafjörður. In 1982, his family made the move from Iceland to Cape Verde where his father volunteered in a program teaching locals how to fish. Guðmundsson spent his childhood in Cape Verde, where he owned several pet monkeys and swam as a pastime. He did not begin school until the age of 9.

From the age of 10 to 14, he lived in and around many parts of Reykjavík. At 14, he moved to Hrísey. He was sent to a boarding school every winter from the age of 14 to 17, where Guðmundsson began to explore and discover music. Prior to moving to Hrísey, he had been a swimmer and football player, and was not overly interested in the arts.

Early career
In 1990, whilst working in Hrísey, Mugison saw Kjartan Hallur Grétarsson live in concert, which was “a major turning point in his life”. Mugison was so fascinated by Kjartan’s mysterious presence, most notably his hair, that he sought him out and requested the musician teach Mugison how to become an artist. Kjartan agreed, and they met every Wednesday in order for him to impart his knowledge and expose Mugison to different kinds of music and literature, including Frank Zappa, the Beat Poets, and key Icelandic poetry. This union has led to a lifelong friendship, with Kjartan H Grétarsson creating subsequent cover art for the album Mugiboogie.

After receiving a mentorship from Kjartan H. Grétarsson, Mugison moved to Reykjavík in 1993 at the age of 17. He attended Hamrahlíðaskóli Menntaskóli. He chose this particular school because of its large amount of alumni that were musicians, most notably Páll Óskar, whose music Mugison enjoyed.

During his time at Hamrahlíðaskóli, he befriended an influential music industry icon named Kiddi Kanína, who owned the iconic record shop Hljómalind. Kiddi was very involved with the early careers of Sigur Rós and Björk, and turned Mugison onto artists such as Sonic Youth and Pavement.

In 2000, Mugison went to London's Middlesex University to complete a Bachelor of Arts in Recording Art. During his time in the UK, he experimented with creating music on computers. Interested in creating more portable music options, Mugison visited an Apple Store to enquire when the laptop would be big enough to handle music, only to be told by a salesperson, unequivocally, that laptops would not ever be big enough to make music. At the same time, Björk was predicting that all music would be made on laptops in the near future in various interviews she gave. Sharing the same vision as someone as influential as Björk made Mugison even more determined that he was on the right path, so he purchased a second hand Apple 3G PowerBook with the sole intention to create music on it. During his studies in London, Digigram released the VX Pocket Soundcard. This new technology was so expensive that after Mugison purchased his prize possession he could not afford to pay rent for the rest of his semester, so had to sleep on friends sofas for the rest of his term in London. The investment was worth it and he began working on his debut album; Lonely Mountain.

Whilst working on his debut album, Mugison spent a lot of time listening to Andy Votel and Matthew Herbert, both of whom Mugison credited as influential in his music career.

Upon completing the record, he made 10 burnt copies and sent them out to various labels in hope that a record label would release it. The CD was sent to the most popular record labels at the time (4AD Records, XL Recordings etc.). He ran out of copies, but wanted to contact Twisted Nerve Records, so he farted in a mayonnaise jar, sealed the lid and posted it to the label accompanied by a note stating, "If you like the smell of this fart, you'll love my music". Andy Votel wrote back pledging to release his first split 7-inch single, with Andy also featuring on the vinyl record.

He also sent a copy to Matthew Herbert who ran Accidental Records, as Mugison was a great admirer of his work. Matthew responded to the record and agreed to release his debut album on Accidental. The artwork for the record and all subsequent Mugison CDs were all handmade. The CD packaging was ambitious with Mugison and his family, hand-stitching over 10,000 copies before putting them all on a boat to England. Matthew Herbert took Mugison under his wing and nurtured his talent, becoming another mentor to him. At this point in his career, Mugison had never played a live gig. In 2003, Herbert was booked on a three-week DJ tour of Japan; during this tour Herbert insisted he perform live, as his support act, thus Mugison began to finesse his live performance one-man show.

The Mugison show in the early days consisted of himself, alone with a guitar and various gadgets. He built himself 'The Mugibox', a box, no bigger than a suitcase, that contained all the equipment he needed to go out on the road (including his pants). He had discovered Ableton Live by this point, and played around with looping and various other tricks that the software enabled him to conjure up. He played wild, crashing guitar while mixing vocals and distorted breathing through a laptop. There were not many other performers at this time using Ableton Live, thus giving him a slight edge in that particular area.

Mugison was booked to play at Sónar 2003 in Barcelona, which turned out to be a monumental turning point in his career. Having grown disillusioned in his short time period of playing live, he treated Sónar as his last live gig. Playing in a basement parking garage, there were a handful of people to watch him, when suddenly, seconds after he started playing, the entire basement filled up with hundreds of people. Unbeknownst to Mugison, the reason for the sudden influx of people was because it had begun raining outside. However, the set was a hit, and spurred him on to persevere with the live element of his career.

Sónar 2003 was a turning point in Mugison's career, and as a result of the good publicity and general industry buzz created as a direct result of the show, he was booked to tour many headline tours around France, UK, Netherlands and Denmark. Touring became part of his life; one particular highlight was touring around Europe with fellow Icelandic band Múm in 2004.

A fortuitous chance encounter with Gruff Rhys from Super Furry Animals in London during 2003 led to Mugison performing as a supporting act for the Welsh band at The Royal Festival Hall. This was a particular highlight during his early career.

After many tours during 2003-2004, Mugison returned to Ísafjördur, and was asked to create the soundtrack to an Icelandic Film Niceland. Having no studio to create, the town kindly lent him the church in which he could record.

By early autumn 2004, Mugison had finished his second album Mugimama Is This Monkey Music? which was recorded in an abandoned house in Isafjordur, also donated by the town. He moved to Reykjavík to release the album and perform at Iceland Airwaves Festival 2004. Mugison was getting popular with the gig going fraternity. He also had his album release party at the (now defunct) NASA venue, which completely sold out. The album gained critical and commercial success.

Aldrei Fór ég Suður Festival
Aldrei fór ég suður (I Never Went South) Festival is a music festival Mugison first held in 2004. It is the brainchild of Mugison and his father, Guðmundur Kristjánsson, who came up with the idea after playing on a music festival in London in 2003, and is named after Bubbi Morthens song of the same name.

Mugison got the idea while in London one summer performing at a Rough Trade music festival that lineup included a host of up-and-coming talent. He thought it would be fun to put on a similar festival only a bigger and more weird in Isafjördur. Mugison talked to some musician friends and everyone got excited about the idea. They even talked to Björk (about playing) when they met her downtown when they were drunk. She said they were "cutie pies" and for a long time they thought that meant "yes".

Even though Björk declined to perform, plenty of other people got excited about the idea of an all-day music festival where the only remuneration would be a damn good time. They figured Sigur Rós were too big so they asked them if they could just come over and do an acoustic set. And they showed up in cowboy hats and were doing hillbilly versions of all their old tunes. Mugison invited popular acts to perform, but he also extended the invitation to musicians with far lower profiles everyone from the local elementary-school choir to high-school garage bands to Isafjördur leather-sporting hair-metal act The Nine Elevens.

The festival rules for playing there are strict. No soundchecks and no backstage allowed, and each performing act would be informed of their playing order until just 10 minutes of getting on stage. There would be no monetary compensation, as all entrance would be free.

The inaugural festival in the spring of 2004 took place in a fish factory, followed the next year by a different factory that was in the middle of being converted to a theatre but still had fire-hazardous plastic sheets covering the inside walls.

Mirstumenti project
The Mirstumenti is an electronic music instrument conceived by Mugison and his sound engineer. The idea for the Mirstument came during a tour in Europe in 2003, shortly after Sonar 2003. At the time Mugison was a one-man-band. Mugison and Palli (the sound-engineer) were fantasising about an alternative setup which did not involve just putting a lot of controllers on a table, hooking up adapters and cables to all the midi stuff. They thought it should be more of an instrument, so that people could see what was going on, and with just have one on/off button.

The main component is the 192 button keyboard which is an AXIS 64, using the "harmony table" or "Melodic table", with button controllers fitted around it. Mugison and his engineer also built a floor-station switch with many buttons, hiding the computer ("out of sight, out of mind"). The duo have also built a light-system that syncs with everything. Mugison premiered the instrument at the inaugural Sonar Reykjavík in February 2013.

Further career
2005 saw Mugison go global with the musician playing approximately 200 gigs in one year whilst supporting his second album Mugimama Is This Monkey Music?. Gig highlights included supporting Fantômas in London at the HMV forum and playing Roskilde festival. He also shared stages with José González and Hot Chip.

The album was released in North America by Mike Pattons label IPECAC Records and Accidental Records released the album throughout Europe.

He also created another soundtrack for a film by the name of A Little Trip To Heaven.

During 2006 Mugison established his record label Mugiboogie, he was also growing tired of the computer troubadour label and wanted to play some rock and roll with a band. He moved back to The Westfjords with his young family, bought a house, converted the garage into a studio and started jamming with friends, this was going to be the basis of the next record.

Gig highlights of 2006 include: playing G-festival in the Faroe Islands and playing SPOT Festival for the second time (first time with a band).

2007 saw the release of Mugiboogie, his third studio album in October. Mugison wanted the album to sound timeless, so that one could not identify when it was recorded, the album comprises many different rock influenced styles including heavy, light and George Harrison-esq sounds. The idea was for it to sound like a 'Best Of' album. Following the release of Mugiboogie in Europe on his own label and Ipecac Records in North America, a booking agent from William Morris approached him to represent his touring interests in North America. Mugiboogie sold over 10,000 records in Iceland alone, with no radio support.

Gig highlights in 2008 supporting his third studio album include:
 * Supporting Queens Of The Stone Age during their 2008 Canadian Tour
 * Mugison's first US tour, from NY to LA in three weeks, with 2 piece band-setup with his good friend Davíð Þór Jónsson
 * Popkomm in Berlin – the day Iceland went bankrupt
 * The Nightmare Before Christmas Curated by The Melvins and Mike Patton (ATP Festival)
 * Three headline tours around Europe plus a second appearance at Roskilde Festival 2008

2009 saw Mugison release a live album called 'A Reminder' which contained a few songs which had been modified over the years. He sold this through his website and completed a sold-out tour of Iceland with Björgvin Gíslasson.

Mugison was also asked to participate in an Amnesty International charity event whereby he played all 5 boroughs of New York in one day.

In 2011, he released his fourth and most successful to date studio album; Haglel Haglél. The album sold in excess of 30,000 during 2011. Recorded entirely in Icelandic, and recorded on a simple two-track soundcard the album was casually recorded with friends in various houses and home made studios. Due to the phenomenal success of the record, Mugison was able to pay off various debts and as a thank you gesture to the people that bought the album he did three free concerts in Reykjavík at Harpa in December 2011. He performed the three concerts in one day, and they were all at maximum capacity. The middle performance was filmed live to air on RUV and transpired to be the highest rated TV show on RUV during 2011. Mugison also travelled around the country and performed free concerts in the following towns: Seyðisfjörður, Vestmannaeyjar, Bolungarvik and Akureyri (where he did 2 concerts).

All Mugison's albums are handmade, so to create 30,000 became a full-time job for some of his friends and family.

Discography

 * 2003: Lonely Mountain
 * 2004: Niceland (Soundtrack)
 * 2004: Mugimama Is This Monkey Music?
 * 2005: Little Trip (Soundtrack)
 * 2007: Mýrin (Soundtrack)
 * 2008: Mugiboogie
 * 2009: Ítrekun
 * 2011: Haglél
 * 2016: Enjoy!

Collaborations

 * Dani Siciliano – All The Above – writer singer
 * Cheek Mountain Thief – "You Are The Demon"
 * Bubbi Morthens – Þorpið 2012
 * Björgvin Halldórsson – "Minning".
 * Wrote a song and performed with band Reykjavík a song called "Sumarást".
 * Wrote a song with Múm (unreleased) performed in Poland, song called "Stamina"
 * Wrote a song with Icelandic reggae band Hjálmar – song called "Ljósvíkingur".
 * Sang two songs on Tómas R. Einarssons album Trúnó. songs are "Stolin Stef" and "Náungar Mínir"

On all albums Mugison has worked with Pétur Ben (who co-wrote Murr Murr) who is responsible for string arrangements on many of the songs, and also played guitar. His partner Rúna has featured on all of the albums, and his friend Biggi has mixed and mastered every album. Gudni Finnsson and Arnar Gislason have been the solid foundation on bass and drums, both live and in the studio, since 2006.

Awards

 * 2004: Icelandic Music Awards – Performer of the Year
 * 2004: Icelandic Music Awards – Best Album for Mugimama Is This Monkey Music?
 * 2004: Icelandic Music Awards – Best Cover Art
 * 2004: Icelandic Music Awards – Song of the Year for "Murr Murr"
 * 2004: Icelandic Music Press – Album of the Year - Mugimama Is This Monkey Music?
 * 2006: Icelandic Music Awards – Performer of the Year
 * 2007: Icelandic Music Awards – Best Rock and Alternative Album of the Year for Mugiboogie
 * 2007: Icelandic Music Awards – Cover Art
 * 2007: Icelandic Music Awards – Best Video
 * 2007: Icelandic Music Press – Album of the Year for Mugiboogie
 * 2011: Icelandic Music Awards – Album of the Year for Haglél
 * 2011: Icelandic Music Awards – Songwriter of the Year
 * 2011: Icelandic Music Awards – Best Song of the Year
 * 2011: Icelandic Music Awards – Best Lyrics of the Year
 * 2011: Icelandic Music Awards – Most Popular Performer, voted by the general public

Personal life
Guðmundsson got the nickname "Mugison" while on holiday visiting his father Muggi (Muggur) in Malaysia. His father is a karaoke singer, and as the crowds at the karaoke bars in the small fishing villages they were touring had problems pronouncing his name, they came to call him Mugison. Mugison is the Icelandic naming convention for the surname of someone who is "the son of Muggi".

After returning to Ísafjördur in 2002, Mugison met his partner Rúna Esradóttir. They currently live in Súðavík, Westfjords with their two sons, next door to Rúna's mother's house. His family is often involved in the making of his music. His wife often plays on his records, as well as his extended family.

title: Mugison


text:
Acacia citrinoviridis

Acacia citrinoviridis, commonly known as black mulga, river jam, milhan or wantan, is a tree in the family Fabaceae that is native to western Australia.

Description
Black mulga typically grows to a height of about 5 to 15 m and often has a weeping habit. It usually has just one trunk and has grey fissured bark on the trunk and larger branches. Like most Acacia species, it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. These are a grey-olive colour, and may be up to 12 cm long and about 1 cm wide. The flowers are yellow, and held in cylindrical clusters. The pods are around 8 cm long and have a lemon-green felty covering. From a distance black mulga is similar to mulga but it can be distinguished by its dark bark.

Distribution
The tree is endemic to the Pilbara and northern parts of the Mid West regions of Western Australia, it occurs along creeks and rivers in the semi-arid land north of Carnarvon and Meekatharra where it is often situated in rocky river and creek beds, on stony plains and on rocky ridges growing in stony loam or clay loam, alluvium or red sandy soils.

title: Acacia citrinoviridis


text:
Augsburger Panther

The Augsburger Panther are a professional ice hockey team in the DEL. The team is based in Augsburg, Bavaria, Germany. They play their home games at the Curt Frenzel Stadion.

Founded in 1878, the team's name was Augsburger EV (Augsburger Eislaufverein, i.e. "Augsburgian Skating Society") until 1994, when it was changed to Augsburger Panther.

Notable alumni

 * Dennis Endras – First German Player who was voted for MVP at IIHF World Championships 2010
 * Duanne Moeser – The club's all-time scoring leader, he played 15 years in Augsburg and since 2005/2006 he has been working in the club's management
 * Ernst Höfner – 3x Bundesliga champion and currently assistant head coach of the German National Hockey Team
 * Glenn Anderson – Represented Canada at the 1980 Olympics, twice at the World Championships, the Canada Cup, and won six Stanley Cups
 * Paul Ambros – 11x Bundesliga champion
 * Udo Kießling – 6x Bundesliga champion and member of the IIHF-Hockey Hall of Fame
 * Xaver Unsinn – 8x Bundesliga champion and former head coach of the German National Hockey Team

title: Augsburger Panther


text:
David Petrie

Sir David Petrie (9 September 1879 – 7 August 1961) was Director General (DG) of MI5, the United Kingdom's internal security service, from 1941 to 1946.

Biography
Petrie worked in the Indian Imperial Police between 1900 and 1936. His highest level in British India was to chair the Union Public Service Commission. In April 1941, he was appointed Director General of MI5. His task was to reorganise the service so that it could improve its efficiency. In the spring of 1946, Petrie retired.

He was awarded Order of the Yugoslav Crown and other decorations.

title: David Petrie


text: User talk:Seirscius

title: User talk:Seirscius


text:
Talk:University of the East

Merge from University of the East College of Computer Studies and System
Please merge relevant content, if any, from [ University of the East College of Computer Studies and System] per Articles for deletion/University of the East College of Computer Studies and System. (If there is nothing to merge, just leave it as a redirect.) Thanks. —Quarl (talk) 2007-03-08 13:52Z

Fair use rationale for Image:Hospitaluerm.jpg
Image:Hospitaluerm.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 02:30, 6 September 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Hospitaluerm.jpg
Image:Hospitaluerm.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 04:51, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Header01dawn112221.gif
Image:Header01dawn112221.gif is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 05:10, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Computer lab1.gif
Image:Computer lab1.gif is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 22:57, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Lualhati5.JPG
Image:Lualhati5.JPG is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 00:50, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

The First Luzviminda T. Delgado-Puno (1940-2006) Memorial Lecture
This memorial lecture is a fitting recognition of our Judiciary to UE's AB'57, LLB' 61 distinguished alumni.

--Florentino floro 07:21, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

 * It will be better to find a better source (such as a news article, website, etc.) instead of an advertisement. Rmcsamson 17:04, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

hi,
hi i just want ask rgrding d entrnce exam in ue, im a transfer stu, wat rquiremnts shud i brng? thnk u —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.54.32.143 (talk) 02:51, 15 May 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 2 one external links on University of the East. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20040816231724/http://www.mb.com.ph:80/issues/2004/07/30/SCAU2004073015212.html to http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2004/07/30/SCAU2004073015212.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20071023084651/http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2006/12/17/INFO2006121782618.html to http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2006/12/17/INFO2006121782618.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 21:38, 11 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:University of the East


text:
River jam

River jam is a common name of more than one plant:

 * Acacia citrinoviridis, also known as black mulga
 * Acacia coriacea, also known as wirewood or wiry wattle

title: River jam


text:
Milhan

Milhan may refer to:
 * Acacia citrinoviridis, the black mulga, river jam, milhan or wantan, a tree species endemic to Western Australia
 * Milhan District, a district of the Al Mahwit Governorate, Yemen
 * Rumaysa bint Milhan (medieval period), one of the earliest women converts to Islam in Yathrib

title: Milhan


text: Category:961 births

title: Category:961 births


text:
Percy Sillitoe

Sir Percy Joseph Sillitoe KBE DL (22 May 1888 – 5 April 1962) was a chief constable of several police forces. He changed the role of radios, civilian staff, and women police officers within the police. He was later Director General of MI5, the United Kingdom's internal security service, from 1946 to 1953.

Life
Born in London, Sillitoe was educated at St Paul's Cathedral School (then St Paul's Cathedral Choir School). By 1908, he had become a Trooper in the British South Africa Police and, in 1911, transferred to the Northern Rhodesia Police. During the First World War he served in the East African campaign with the Northern Rhodesia Police. In 2009 it was revealed that Sillitoe had had a relationship with Mary Museba, a local woman of the Bemba people, from the Abercorn District of Northern Rhodesia; they had a son, John Alexander Sillitoe, born in 1918.

After serving as a political officer in Tanganyika until 1920, he returned to England with his family.

In 1923 he was appointed Chief Constable of Chesterfield, a position he held for the next two years. After a further year as Chief Constable of the East Riding of Yorkshire in 1925, he became in 1926 the Chief Constable of Sheffield, where he was credited with authorising "reasonable force" to break the hold of criminal gangs.

He was Chief Constable of City of Glasgow Police from 1931 to 1943, when he was credited with breaking the power of the notorious Glasgow razor gangs, made infamous in the novel No Mean City. During his time as chief constable of Glasgow, he was also credited with the introduction of wireless radios allowing communication between headquarters and vehicles (which had previously relied completely upon the use of police boxes), use of civilians in police-related roles, and the introduction of compulsory retirement after 30 years service. He is further credited with the introduction of the Sillitoe tartan, which is more commonly recognized as the checkered pattern, usually black-and-white, on police cap bands, originally based on that used by several Scottish regiments on their Balmoral and Glengarry headdresses.

In 1944 Sillitoe was made the chief constable of Kent and he employed Barbara Denis de Vitre to lead the women's force. When she arrived Kent had two policewomen and the following year there were nearly 150.

Sillitoe went on to head MI5. His reputation was damaged by the 1951 defection to the Soviet Union of the spies Guy Burgess and Donald Duart Maclean, and by the investigation afterwards, which showed that MI5 had been unaware and slow to act.

He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1936 and knighted in the 1942 New Year Honours.

title: Percy Sillitoe


text: User talk:70.188.4.62

title: User talk:70.188.4.62


text:
Japanese public corporations

Although the Japanese economy is largely based on private enterprise, it has a number of government-owned (public) corporations, which are more extensive and, in some cases, different in function from what exists in the United States.

History
In 1988 there were ninety-seven public corporations, reduced from 111 in the early 1980s as a result of administrative reforms. Public companies at the national level were normally affiliated with one of the economic ministries, although the extent of direct management and supervision varied. The government divided the national-level corporations into several categories. The first included the main public service and monopoly corporations: Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation, Japanese National Railways, and Japan Tobacco and Salt Public Corporation (now Japan Tobacco). However, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation was privatized in 1985, and the Japanese National Railways in 1987, and Japan Tobacco and Salt Corporation in 1988. The second category included the major development corporations devoted to housing, agriculture, highways, water resources, ports, energy resources, and urban development projects. The Japanese Highway operators were changed into public-owned private corporations in 2005. In 2003, Japan Post was formed out of the former government-run postal services, but privatization is still pending and a major issue in Japanese politics.

Other categories of corporations included those charged with special government projects, loans and finance, and special types of banking. Local public corporations were involved with utilities.

Public corporations benefited the economy in several ways. Some, like Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation before privatization, were important sources of technology development funds or centers around which private industry could cluster. Others provided vital public services that private industry would find impossible to finance. The development banks, particularly the Japan Development Bank, were sources of long-term investment funds and instrumental in shaping the pattern of industry, especially in the early postwar period. Because public corporations also added revenue to the national budget and were, theoretically, self-financing they required little from the government in the way of financial support. They also provided employment for retired bureaucrats. The reemployment of retired bureaucrats as advisers to these corporations as well as to many private-sector firms was rather common, especially in the late 1960s and early 1970s, under the title amakudari (descent from heaven). The practice was most prevalent in the highly regulated banking, steel, and transportation industries but was also found throughout the Japanese economy.

title: Japanese public corporations


text:
Mulago National Specialised Hospital

Mulago National Specialised Hospital, also known as Mulago National Referral Hospital, is a component of Mulago Hospital Complex, the teaching facility of Makerere University College of Health Sciences. It is the largest public hospital in Uganda.

Location
The hospital is on Mulago Hill in the northern part of the city of Kampala, immediately west of the Makerere University College of Health Sciences. It is approximately 5 km north-east of Kampala's central business district. The geographical coordinates of the hospital are 0°20'16.0"N, 32°34'32.0"E (Latitude:0.337786; Longitude:32.575550).

Overview
This hospital, together with adjacent, affiliated hospitals and institutions constitute Mulago Hospital Complex, the teaching facility of the Makerere University College of Health Sciences. The hospital offers services in most medical and surgical subspecialties, in addition to dentistry, emergency medicine, pediatrics, and intensive care. Some of the hospital's major departments are structually located distant from each other with the foremost instance being Kiruddu Referral Hospital and Kawempe Referral Hospital, which are kilometers away from the main hospital complex.

History
Old Mulago Hospital was founded in 1913 by Albert Ruskin Cook. New Mulago Hospital was completed in 1962. The hospital has an official capacity of 1,790 beds, although it often houses over 3,000 patients. In 2012, the annual hospital budget was USh33.2 billion. "Apparently, to run effectively, Mulago needs thrice its current budget." Uganda's first female neurosurgeon, Juliet Sekabunga Nalwanga, trained and is employed there. During the Entebbe Hostage Crisis in late June and early July 1976, one of the hostages, Dora Bloch, became ill and was taken from Entebbe Airport to Mulago Hospital. After the rescue of the hostages from the airport terminal during Operation Entebbe on 4 July 1976, she was taken from her hospital bed and was murdered on Idi Amin's orders.

Mulago Hospital Complex
Mulago Hospital Complex is a term used to refer to the hospitals on Mulago Hill and the adjacent and affiliated medical institutions that serve as the teaching entity for Makerere University College of Health Science. As of April 2020, the complex housed an estimated 1,800 hospital beds. These units of the complex include the following:

 * Old Mulago Hospital with 200 beds
 * Mulago Women's Referral Hospital with 450 beds
 * Mulago National Specialized Hospital with 1,000 beds
 * Infectious Diseases Institute*
 * Uganda Heart Institute**
 * Uganda Cancer Institute** with 80 beds

Note 1*: Infectious Diseases Institute is a component of Makerere University. Note 2**: Uganda Cancer Institute and Uganda Heart Institute are self-accounting bodies, separate from Mulago Hospital.

Some credible sources reserve the term to refer to only the combination of (a) Old Mulago Hospital (b) Mulago Women's Referral Hospital and (c) Mulago National Specialized Hospital.

Renovations
In October 2014, major renovations and rehabilitation works commenced at the hospital, the purpose of which was to bring about structural and performance improvements. These works, estimated to last 24 months, were the largest renovation works to the facility since the New Mulago (Lower Mulago) hospital block was completed 52 years earlier.

The work was budgeted to cost US$29 million and the equipment was budgeted to cost US$20 million (sub-total US$49 million), financed by a loan from the African Development Bank. The government of Uganda had to co-fund US$9.5 million, bringing total cost to US$54.5 million. As part of the planned changes, the intensive care unit was enlarged from 7 beds to 41 beds, of which 27 are adult beds and 14 are pediatric beds. The mortuary was expanded from 16 to 160 slots; and, the number of operating theatres were increased from 7 to 22. Other changes include the decrease of total beds from 1,500 to 1,000. Of those, 900 beds are general inpatient beds, 6 are platinum beds for high net-worth individuals, 45 are gold rooms, and 49 are VVIP rooms. There will be a fee for service, the nature and amount to be determined by cabinet.

In May 2019, the Cabinet of Uganda authorized the release of USh35.5 billion (US$9.5 million) to complete the renovations to the hospital. As of that date, the pending work, estimated at 8 percent of the total, included new windows, an ICT network installation, 6 new sub-terrain tanks, and expansion of the road network within the hospital complex. Once the funds are released, work is expected to take five months to completion. Completion is expected later in 2020

title: Mulago National Specialised Hospital


text:
Vision Vancouver

Vision Vancouver is a green liberal municipal political party in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Vision was formed in the months leading up to the 2005 municipal election.

Formation
Vision was founded by former Coalition of Progressive Electors (COPE) members first elected to Vancouver City Council in 2002. Following that election, Mayor Larry Campbell and Councillors Jim Green, Raymond Louie and Tim Stevenson were dubbed "COPE Light" by the local media due to their moderate positions on taxation and development, as opposed to the more leftist "COPE Classic" councillors.

Ongoing disagreements between the two factions led to Campbell and his allies forming an independent COPE caucus in December 2004. At the same time, supporters of Campbell and his allies created a fundraising organization independent of COPE called "Friends of Larry Campbell".

This group and its backers eventually formed a new party called "Vision Vancouver", initially to be led by Campbell. However, when Campbell announced that he would not seek a second term as mayor, he called on Jim Green to run to succeed him. The party decided in August 2005 to run only five of a possible ten council candidates and did not contest school board and park board slate elections.

In the November 2005 election for Vancouver City Council, four Vision Vancouver candidates (Raymond Louie, Tim Stevenson, Heather Deal and George Chow) were elected, but the party's mayoral candidate, Jim Green, was defeated by the Non-Partisan Association's (NPA) Sam Sullivan. Six members of the Non-Partisan Association were elected along with one for COPE.

In power (2008–2018)
For the November 2008 election, Vision was seen as a serious contender for control of the city due to the perceived unpopularity of the Sam Sullivan's NPA team. In June 2008, Vision held an election to nominate their mayoral candidate. The choices were Gregor Robertson (a local "green" businessman, owner of the Happy Planet juice company and a provincial New Democratic Party member of the Legislative Assembly for Vancouver-Fairview), Raymond Louie (serving as a Vision city councillor), and Allan De Genova (an independent Vancouver Park Board commissioner who defected from the NPA because of his dislike of Sullivan's leadership). The original dynamic for this contest shifted when the NPA voted to change their mayoral candidate, replacing the incumbent Sullivan with longtime councillor and businessman Peter Ladner, the editor of the Business in Vancouver newspaper. Gregor Robertson was nominated to be Vision's mayoral candidate in 2008 despite his perceived similarity to NPA rival Sam Sullivan.

Under the direction of mayoral candidate Gregor Robertson, Vision Vancouver responded to COPE's requests (dating back to a change in leadership at COPE in May 2007) to negotiate an electoral coalition with COPE and the Green Party of Vancouver (who ran joint slates with COPE in previous years). Vision Vancouver, COPE and the Greens agreed to support Gregor Robertson as mayor, avoid running competing slates and coordinate other elements of the election.

On November 15, 2008, Gregor Robertson was elected mayor of Vancouver and the Vision–COPE–Green coalition came to power. The only Vision Vancouver candidate who was not elected was Kashmir Dhalliwal.

In the 2011 Vancouver municipal election, held on November 19, Gregor Robertson was re-elected mayor of Vancouver. All Vision Vancouver candidates were elected.

In the 2014 election, held on November 15, Gregor Robertson was re-elected mayor of Vancouver. The slate also retained its majority on city council, the school board, and the park board. In 2017, Vision lost one seat on council in a by-election to Hector Bremner of the NPA.

Vision ran a slate of candidates in the 2018 election – including Heather Deal, Catherine Evans, Diego Cardona, Tanya Paz and Wei Qiao Zhang – for city council. Ian Campbell was intended to be the slate's mayoral candidate, but several days before nominations were due, he withdrew from the race. The election resulted in Vision losing their majority on all three elected bodies and losing all but one race, for a seat on the Vancouver School Board which was held by incumbent Allan Wong.

title: Vision Vancouver


text:
St. Paul's Basilica

St. Paul's Basilica is the oldest Roman Catholic congregation in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located at 83 Power Street in the Corktown neighbourhood, just east of downtown, near the intersection of Queen and Parliament streets.

History
The parish was established in 1822 by James Baby, when the Town of York was part of the Diocese of Kingston, and it was the only Roman Catholic parish between Kingston and Windsor. The original church building was completed on the current site in 1824. It was constructed of red brick in the Gothic Revival style.

To serve the expanding Irish immigrant community, a school opened soon after the church. When the Diocese of Toronto was separated from the Diocese of Kingston in 1842, St. Paul's served as the pro-cathedral until St. Michael's Cathedral was completed in 1848.

The church is housed in a Romanesque Revival structure that was designed by Joseph Connolly and opened in 1889. It is based on the design of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls in Rome. The new building was necessary to house the growing congregation.

Inside this church, located in the north transept, a stained-glass window depicts St. Paul holding a sword – with dedication to William Joseph O'Connor, a professional oarsman who grew up in the neighbourhood where the church is located. The Italianate campanile (bell tower) was built in 1905 and contains the bell from the original church.

The first Catholic cemetery in Toronto opened east of the church in 1822. The large increase in the Catholic population caused by Irish immigration quickly filled the cemetery to capacity, and it was replaced by St. Michael's Cemetery in 1857. The site of the old cemetery is now the parking lot and playground area for St. Paul's Catholic School.

The church was designated a minor basilica by Pope John Paul II in 1999.

In popular culture
In Short Circuit 2, Johnny Five went into a church, which is renamed as St Katherine's Church.

It is also featured in an episode of the show Suits.

title: St. Paul's Basilica


text: User talk:85.128.94.20

title: User talk:85.128.94.20


text:
Category talk:Automobile stubs

Category reduction
What about creating subcategories for each manufacturer? bjelleklang 12:37, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

The stubs cluster into manufacturer, model (under manufacturer), and technology, to my eye.
 * I know, but they're still not split into seperate subcategories. The list is long enough as it is, and by grouping into different subs for each manufacturer, we might get everything compressed to one page per sub. bjelleklang 06:16, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Automobile stubs


text:
Nema (company)

Nema is a Faroese telecommunications, stationery and communications technology company, founded in February 2007 after the merger of Faroedane, Com-Data and Reproz.

After the parliament (Løgting) made a new law in 1999 that allowed others to compete with Telefonverk Føroya Løgtings (TFL), which in the process changed its name to Føroya Tele, in 2001 Kall and Tele F became one company, Kall. Kall was renamed as Vodafone in 2008 and then to Hey in 2018.

In January 2019, Nema and Hey was mergered, creating a telecommunications, stationery and communications technology company, but the Hey telecommunications service brand was kept. In 2022, The telecommunications service abandoned the Hey trademark to start using the company's commercial name, offering all its products under the Nema brand.

title: Nema (company)


text:
Kids Station

Kids Station (Japanese: キッズステーション, Kizzu Sutēshon) is a Japanese children's television channel showing anime and other cartoon material. Kids Station also airs some anime aimed at teens and adults during the night, such as Narutaru, Magical Shopping Arcade Abenobashi, Mr. Osomatsu, Genshiken, Naruto, Naruto: Shippuden, Kujibiki Unbalance, and Rosario + Vampire. It is broadcast 24 hours a day on cable and satellite TV.

Background history
It launched on April 1, 1991.

In 2017, Sony Pictures Entertainment Japan announced that a joint venture between itself and Mitsui & Co. known as AK Holdings would acquire their respective stakes in Animax and Kids Station. Sony holds a majority stake in the company.

Kids Station HD
Kids Station HD (Japanese: キッズステーションHD, Kizzu Sutēshon HD) (an HD version of this channel) was first established on October 1, 2009. This channel usually broadcasts shows later than other television networks, when most of these shows have already finished broadcasting on other channels. Many of the series they broadcast are from the parents' generations, allowing a wider audience to view shows.

Ownership

 * AK Media
 * Tokyo Broadcasting System
 * JCOM
 * Horipro

title: Kids Station