text:
Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/RobyWayne

 * The following discussion is preserved as an archive of a successful request for adminship. Please do not modify it.

RobyWayne
Final  (20/4/3) ending 20:12 October 17, 2005 (UTC)

– Nominee joined Wikipedia in April of this year. He has been heavily active since August. He's done a large amount of work on redirection repair, disambiguation repair, stub sorting, category sorting and RC patrol. He's been active in AfD, frequently welcomes new users and tries to help them, and has been cool and level headed. What Kate has to say. He has also developed a script to update statistics on himself, which I've suggested he turn into a tool for all users. He exceeds all my standards for adminship, and I fully expect he'll meet or exceed most everyone else's as well. --Durin 21:01, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Candidate, please indicate acceptance of the nomination here:
 * I humbly accept this nomination. >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist •  E@ 20:16, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Support
 * 1) Support Per above. --Durin 21:02, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, thanks! >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist •  E@ 20:23, 10 October 2005 (UTC)  Please see comment below.
 * 1) Support. Regardless of that mistake above.  R  e  dwolf24  (talk) 22:50, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Strong Support First off, Durin basically has RfA as his main focus on Wikipedia, so while his vote might not be as impressive as say, a Support vote from Boothy443, or seeing a Delete vote on WP:AFD from Kappa (both of which are incredibly rare for those of you who don't know them), his views carry alot of weight. Add to that point that he showed me some Wiki Brotherhood in supporting my my RfA and that his stats are far better than most Admin Candidates, and he definately has my vote as well as my support in trying to collect assistance in him becoming an admin.
 * I'll go into more detail on my Wikiphilosophies page, but in my opinion, this so far has not been fair to RobyWayne in my opinion, and i'm appointing myself as his advocate here because i've seen too many good people make a mistake(or in this case, not even a mistake, you can vote for yourself if you like, it's just an unwritten rule that you shouldn't), and be unnecessarily hurt by it. Karmafist 00:29, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Support Tintin 01:45, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Support CambridgeBayWeather 02:24, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Support Ryan Norton T 02:47, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Support because he voted for himself. Everyone has the right to vote on RfA. This kind of thing should be encouraged.  Grue   13:28, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) Merovingian (t) (c) 15:15, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Support script looks nifty and edit # suffices. freestylefrappe 23:07, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Support even though he is a U of L guy :) Go Cats!! --Rogerd 01:22, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Support, a positive user with a fantastic capability to contribute to cleaning (eg:link repair - ideal for admin activities. --Commander Keane 02:44, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 9) Fir  e  Fo  x  16:41, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 10) Oppose - The self voting does not bother me at all - it is an honest mistake that many Wikipedians make. Excellent, dedicated work on various cleanup tasks - these are very much appreciated here on Wikipedia. I would however, prefer to see marginally more edits to the Wikipedia and Wikipedia Talk namespace. There are other areas in need on Wikipedia, such as WP:CP, WP:IFD and WP:RM. Should administrative functions be granted to you by the community, would you consider helping out at these places at your leisure? --HappyCamper 01:41, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * HappyCamper, thanks for the comments regarding areas for improvement. I am constantly looking for tasks that I can perform to help the community.  I did delve into WP:CP on a few occasions and, recently, was indoctrinated on the new db-copyvio category.  I would have more WP:CP activity if I came across them more often in RC patrol, but am versed in how to handle the situation.  Admittedly, I have not had involvement in WP:IFD and WP:RM, but have now watchlisted all these, plus WP:CP, and will take an active role after monitoring activity for a short while to get a handle on how things are run.  Again, thanks for the tips and your guidance.  >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist  •  E@ 03:28, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * What a difference a well thought out response like this makes! I get the feeling that you thoroughly believe in doing things better and better for Wikipedia, that you'd be willing to learn along the way, and that you'd stay level-headed when the "going gets tough" with holding the proverbial mop. This sentiment was not there when I went through your edits the other day. Your answer was one of the most frank and honest I've seen in a while here, and I liked it very much. It was very well balanced - and it made my day. Thank you. :-) -> Switched to support! --HappyCamper 00:58, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Support--Kewp (t) 20:34, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Support, RobyWayne does great work, and as Commander Keane noted, he has a very positive attitude. I believe he will make a fine admin.  Rob e  rt  23:09, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Support anyone can make a mistake. It's not clear that you must not vote for yourself. It's like on Afds when it's not clear that nominators need not to vote too (the nom itself is a vote unless explicitly stated) -- (drini's page| ☎ ) 05:28, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Support. --ScottyBoy900Q 20:20, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) Support self-vote is a single mistake among otherwise well-judged contribution.  Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk   01:05, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Support --Rschen7754 (talk - contribs) 05:43, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Support, as per HappyCamper and CommanderKeane. Tito xd (?!?) 04:11, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Martin  15:09, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

Oppose
 * 1) You can't vote for yourself. Andre ( talk ) 20:51, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Let me clarify why this oppose remains: I believe RobyWayne did not, when he voted for himself, understand what a grant of adminship from the community means. People can change, but they cannot do so in a matter of days. I continue to oppose and perhaps will support at a later date if this nomination fails. Andre ( talk ) 02:15, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose per Andrevan. Been here actively for only 2 months, most edits are either user categorization and disambig, so I dont see th need for admin powers.  Job  e  6  [[Image:Peru flag large.png|20px]] 02:44, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * As I noted, nominee has been active in AfD, CfD, etc. 99 edits in those areas. He's also been active in RC Patrol. 64 edits in that area. Substantial areas of his work have been in cleaning and fixing. This is entirely in line with admin responsibilities. He's been on Wikipedia for six months. I spent much of my first months on Wikipedia just reading so I could learn the ropes. I expect he has done the same. With >4,000 edits which aren't being undone by others, I think he's demonstrated his skill and experience. Furthermore, you self nominated with half the # of edits he has, and with a similar amount of time actively editing, and a similar amount of time overall on Wikipedia (see Image:Jobe6-edits.gif). You didn't oppose yourself? :) --Durin 18:44, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes I would probably have voted oppose on myselft at the beginning of September now. but he only had a few edits in April and i had quite a few useful edits in November of last year. Also his edits are usually minor disambigs and redirects. I didnt see any major contributions of his that were outstanding. Job  e  6  [[Image:Peru flag large.png|20px]] 22:41, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Oppose Astrotrain 17:34, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Oppose for now - not enough time of heavy involvement in the project -- Francs2000 [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|25px| ]] 23:43, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Neutral
 * 1) Neutral, Good user, but voted for themself, which isn't good in my book. Privat  e   Butcher  22:19, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Neutral Not enough effort in article talk and not enough time in yet.--MONGO 03:05, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) I want an admin to have at least three months active - IMO it takes that long to become decently seasoned and get a feel for the community. If this round fails, try again in a couple of months ;-) - David Gerard 15:55, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Comments
 * I apologize for the delay in my acceptance as a family emergency arose shortly after I was notified of the nomination. >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist •  E@ 20:16, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I find myself apologizing again. ;-) I have been lurking and participating in RfAs for awhile. During that time I saw individuals list their name under support.  It seemed pointless and I viewed it is as that individual saying "duh, why wouldn't I?".  When the unexpected nomination came last week, Durin warned me to read the instructions related to RfA to make sure that I followed them to the letter.  I even read the portion about "self-nominators" should not vote for themselves.  I hesitated putting my own support on my own RfA as it seemed rather conceited.  Again, it just didn't cross my mind in that regard as many have already noted that it probably should have.  I still appreciate any and all comments on this RfA that has started off on the wrong foot to help me grow as an editor.  I look at this as a learning experience.  I will still have the same capabilities that I have today for fighting vandalism and blatant CSD's and my commitment to the project won't waiver....I'm addicted :-).  >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist •  E@ 22:38, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Questions for the candidate

A few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? (Please read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.)
 * A. Chores have such a negative connotation. ;-).  When I wish to take a break from editing, I often find myself on RC Patrol.  I enjoy perusing all of the new submissions to Wikipedia.  Many of them are quite fascinating.  Some articles, however, need some tender loving care.  If possible, I will take a one- or two-line submission and attempt to expand on it, format it to Wikipedia standards, stub and categorize it for someone else with more experience on the topic to expand.  Unfortunately, there are quite a few submissions which are definite (and blatantly obvious) candidates for speedy deletion.  I especially like the addition of copyvio as a CSD category.  Being an administrator would allow to me continue patrolling recent changes for the obvious offenders and handling them without creating a backlog for another administrator to take care of.

 * Also while on RC Patrol, I tend to focus on edits made by users that are not logged in and definitely on edits made by those individuals on User namespace pages. Having the ability to revert vandalism is an essential tool in keeping Wikipedia a clean and safe environment for everyone.  It doesn't take long for me to manually revert vandalism, it just isn't as efficient as with "the button."

 * I would like to assist in the backlog related to unsourced images, AfD, CfD, TfD, and other areas of Wikipedia as needed. As can be seen from my contribution history, I am not afraid to tackle the sometimes mundane tasks that come with the mop and bucket.

 * Adding Copyright Problems, Images for Deletion and Requested Moves as stated in my response to User:HappyCamper above. >: Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist  •  E@

 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. My first edit on Wikipedia was actually creating a new article for WAVE television.  I was reading the Louisville, Kentucky page and surfed through some of the links and found them to be red.  Whoa!  At the top of the page it said I could edit here!  I remember fretting for quite sometime comparing my fledgling article with other similar pages to see if I had all the i's dotted and t's crossed.  Of course, I didn't.    Shortly after creating the article, I learned about stubs and categories and having other people changing what you wrote!!  It is truly an amazing experience to start that way.

 * Though some may not find disambiguation and redirect repair a rewarding opportunity, I feel that they can be a significant contribution to the ease of use and readability of Wikipedia. The more we aspire to make an easy-to-use repository of knowledge, the better we will be perceived as a community and a project.  One could have the wealth of all knowledge on earth in one place, but if it is not easy to use or comprehend, most individuals would be turned off by it.

 * As noted above, RC Patrol is also a contribution to the community that I am pleased with. I endeavor to expand and correct where possible to keep articles of only a few lines and turn them into stubs, annotate them with appropriate stub and category tags and send them on their way.

 * I also enjoy welcoming new users. It is interesting to see all of the new "faces" as they come into the fold and introducing yourself to them and offering your support and assistance is gratifying.

 * Lastly, and not a direct contribution to Wikipedia in general, but to the editing community, the Durin-inspired statistical analysis that I put together in my spare time.

 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and how will you deal with it in the future?
 * A. I suppose that I have been lucky or uncontroversial in my editing that I have not run into any editing conflicts. I have no problem accepting constructive criticism of my work and am always looking to improve myself.  When first joining Wikipedia, I had prepared myself for the presumed devastating affect of an AfD.  Though, I haven't had an article I have worked on nominated for AfD, I did have a template I worked on nominated for TfD.  Once I read what other individuals' thoughts were on the matter, I was persuaded to vote delete, as well.  Working within a project of this size, I believe it is okay to assume an custodial role over certain articles or subject matter--but it is still a community of peers that is ruled by consensus.  I think it is fair so long as there is active participation.  Thus, I don't stress easily, enjoy communicating with other editors about their thoughts on matters and definitely try not to take anything personally.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page. No further edits should be made to this page.


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Wikipedia:Requests for adminship/Wikibofh

 * ''The following discussion is preserved as an archive of a successful request for adminship. Please do not modify it.

Wikibofh
final (17/0/0) ending 21:01 14 October 2005 (UTC)

– Wikibofh has been a Wikipedian since March. He has substantial contributions mostly consisting of article work, but spread out nicely. I first encountered him at this RfAr, where he seemed quite reasonable and civil, and have since been impressed by his persistence as a wikignome. Give him the LART, I say! N (t/c) 21:01, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Candidate, please indicate acceptance of the nomination here:
 * I accept. Thank you very much.  Wikibofh 21:32, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Support
 * 1) As nominator. N (t/c) 21:08, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 2) Support Plenty of contributions, courteous. Would be a good admin.  Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk   22:15, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 3) Support Sure, does a lot of editing to articles, so I support. Private Butcher 22:15, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 4) Merovingian (t) (c) 22:17, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 5) Support CambridgeBayWeather 22:55, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 6) Support.  Rob e  rt  00:27, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 7) Support. Kirill Lokshin 01:20, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 8) Support --Rogerd 02:56, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 9) Andre ( talk ) 04:49, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 10) Extreme BOFH support. — J I P | Talk 08:07, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 11) Support seems reasonable candidate for the mop. Alf melmac 15:14, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 12) Support I met user here,, from what I've seen Wikibofh seems to be a conscientious user. --Kewp (t) 07:06, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 13) Support. Good admin material. android  79  17:24, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 14) Support!!! BD2412  talk 21:21, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 15) Cool. --JuntungWu 07:16, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 16) Support, nice editor. --MissingLinks 14:44, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 17) Support. El_C 03:28, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Oppose

Neutral

Comments
 * Number of edits may be misleading. It takes me many attempts to write correctly as I am new to editing, though have been reading the stuff a lot. Therefore, I feel overall impression of the person is more important. --MissingLinks 14:40, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Questions for the candidate

A few generic questions to provide guidance for voters:
 * 1. What sysop chores, if any, would you anticipate helping with? (Please read the page about administrators and the administrators' reading list.)
 * A. My style of editing means that I tend to work on different things and cycle around. I expect I would work on AfD closure, monitor Vandalism Intervention and as well as other sort of "admin only areas" I haven't accessed yet.  My watchlist is roughly 600 items, and I would continue to monitor that.  I would also hope to prudently use short term blocks to lower the overhead of the pass through vandals that we spend a lot of time with.
 * 2. Of your articles or contributions to Wikipedia, are there any about which you are particularly pleased, and why?
 * A. I'm not particularly good and creating large articles from scratch, so don't expect to see a lot in the way of FAC work. I do have a few favorites though.  As documented on my userpage I'm pretty much solely responsible for the Monster trucks category.  I'm also happy with the status of Gas lighting which was a cut-n-paste of a PD text from Project Gutenberg.  I went through it all, and although the language and organization aren't great, it's much better than the original.
 * 3. Have you been in any conflicts over editing in the past or do you feel other users have caused you stress? How have you dealt with it and how will you deal with it in the future?
 * A. I generally don't get wikistress.  I can come back if it's bothering me.  I have had a few conflicts that I'll try to detail:
 * Taipei American School: One of the first real controversies. An anon insisted on trying to add POV and unverifiable information.  The details are in talk, in particular here and here.
 * Power violence: Anon claiming it wasn't a recognized genre on talk and my talk.
 * Mexico: This is the most embarrassing, but I think it's illustrative.  I was monitoring my watchlist and accidentally started reverting to the vandalized version.  It's covered on my talk.  I made sure I apologized.
 * Reformed_Government_of_the_Republic_of_China : The only one that every really irritated me is when a user accused me of bad faith on a VfD after having this conversation on my talk page.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the discussion. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page. No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Knomos

Knomos is a workflow and knowledge management application primarily for law firms to handle their cases, with a focus on the legal systems of Europe.

It is an open source (GNU GPL), web-based application.

title: Knomos


text:
Manitoba Liberal Party candidates in the 1995 Manitoba provincial election

Voters elected three Manitoba Liberal Party candidates to the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba in the 1995 provincial election. Some of the party's candidates have their own biography pages; information about others may be found here.

Burrows: Naty Yankech
Yankech first campaigned for the Manitoba legislature for the St. Johns division in a 1993 by-election. She was a 46-year-old licensed care giver, and ran a guest home for seniors with medical problems. She defeated Edson Sanecki to win the Liberal nomination, and lost to New Democratic Party candidate Gord Mackintosh in the general election.

Yankech charged her former campaign manager with sexual assault following this election. She said that her manager had attacked her in his van, pinning her to the seat and kissing and fondling her, and that she fought back by "pretending to relent and then striking back when he relaxed". She also said that she was initially in shock, and decided to remain silent about the matter. She went police with the urgings of her Husband Victor Yankech, in December 1993, and her manager was convicted after a two-day trial. Yankech had the legal right to remain anonymous, but chose to inform the media of her situation. Former Liberal leader Sharon Carstairs praised her for her "courage and strength".

Yankech defeated Sandi Funk to win the Liberal nomination for Burrows in the buildup to the 1995 election. Funk had actively sought the support of Yankech's former campaign manager, whom she believed to be innocent. After her victory, Yankech declared, "I defeated my assailant". She lost the general election to New Democratic Party incumbent Doug Martindale.

Elmwood: John S. Petryshyn
Petryshyn was born in Berlin, Germany, and moved to Canada as a child in 1948. He was a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Manitoba, and is a lawyer with the Winnipeg firm Luk Law.

He was elected president of the Manitoba Liberal Party in 1979, at age 33, defeating rival candidate Beth Candlish by almost one hundred votes. He served in this capacity until 1982, and was appointed to the Immigration Appeal Board of Canada the following year. The board was eliminated by Brian Mulroney's government in 1989, and replaced with the Immigration and Refugee Board. Petryshyn and other Liberal-era appointees were offered two year "temporary appointments" on the new board if they agreed not to make any claims against the federal government for their lost positions. In 1993, a judge found that Petryshyn and the others had been treated in an unfair and coercive manner by the Mulroney government.

Petryshyn later served as vice-president of the Ukrainian Canadian Congress, and as chairman of the Canadian-Ukraine relations committee. He announced the creation of the Canada-Ukraine Foundation in 1994, to finance projects in Ukraine. He is also active with Heritage Winnipeg.

He sought election to the Manitoba legislature in 1995, and lost to New Democratic Party incumbent Jim Maloway. He also made an unsuccessful bid for election to the River East School Board later in the year. Petryshyn was president of the Liberal Party's Winnipeg—Transcona riding association in 2003, and was one of 259 presidents who endorsed Paul Martin's bid to seek the party leadership.

In 2001, Petryshyn represented several Royal Canadian Legions in Manitoba in a lawsuit against the province and the city of Winnipeg over education taxes.

He was an international observer for the 2004 Ukraine presidential election and 2006 Ukrainian parliamentary election, and has also overseen elections in Croatia, South Korea and Tajikistan.

Fort Garry: Jim Woodman
Jim Woodman was a businessman and firefighter in Winnipeg. He was the general manager of Commission-Free Realty, which was involved in a bitter dispute with the rival Homeowners Private Sales Guide Inc. in 1999.

Woodman sought election to the Winnipeg City Council in 1992, and was defeated by Bill Clement in the division of Charleswood-Fort Garry. He attracted some controversy while seeking the Fort Garry Liberal nomination in 1994, after releasing a brochure that ridiculed Progressive Conservative incumbent Rosemary Vodrey. The brochure was written in the style of a school report card, and said that Vodrey was "liked by everyone and [...] considered Miss Congeniality by her classmates. Everyone agrees that she is a snappy dresser and a swell person to invite to a party". Many considered this to be patronizing, and party leader Paul Edwards agreed that it was inappropriate. Others believed that Woodman was unfairly criticized. During the election, he used an electronic system called "Pollstergeist" to reach a larger number of voters and obtain useful polling data. He finished second against Progressive Conservative incumbent Rosemary Vodrey. Woodman later served as Terry Duguid's campaign manager in the 1995 Winnipeg mayoral election.

Woodman died on April 22, 2004, from colon cancer caused by his work as a firefighter. His union, the United Fire Fighters of Winnipeg, sought to win retroactive workers compensation benefits for his family, noting that Woodman would have been covered had he lived in Alberta.

Point Douglas: Linda Cantiveros
Cantiveros is a prominent member of the Filipino community in Winnipeg. She has been an international division director of Agrif Global Training, Inc., has worked as editor of the Filipino Journal, and has served on the board of directors for the Philippine-Canadian Centre of Manitoba. She was a founding member of the Filipino-Canadian Business Council, and remains an active member of that organization. Cantiveros received 1,132 votes (23.05%) in 1995, finishing second against New Democratic Party candidate George Hickes.

In 2002, she endorsed Mike Pagtakhan's successful bid to represent Point Douglas on the Winnipeg City Council.

Portage la Prairie: Bob Turner
A 2003 report from the Manitoba Association of Teachers of English lists Bob Turner as having thirteen years experience as an S2-S4 English teacher, and working at Arthur Meighen High School in Portage la Prairie. It is likely that this is the same person.

Turner received 2,117 votes (27.34%) in the 1995 election, finishing second against Progressive Conservative incumbent Brian Pallister.

Rupertsland: Harry Wood
Wood emphasized the need to develop a regional economy in Churchill. He received 1,018 votes (23.00%), finishing second against New Democratic Party candidate Eric Robinson.

The Support Working Group of "Diabetes: A Manitoba Strategy" lists a Harry Wood of St. Theresa Point as a contributor. This is likely the same person.

Sturgeon Creek: Bob Douglas
Douglas finished second against Progressive Conservative incumbent Gerry McAlpine.

Transcona: Ingrid Pokrant
Pokrant was the leader of Alliance Action, a women's health group. During the 1995 election, she argued against the taxpayer funding of abortions. She refused to use campaign signs, describing them as environmentally wasteful and a visual blight on the neighbourhood. She received 1,216 votes (13.69%), finishing third against New Democratic Party incumbent Daryl Reid.

Wellington: O.T. Anderson
'''Osmond Theodore "O.T." Anderson''' (died December 7, 2002) was a community activist, chemistry teacher and vice-principal in Winnipeg. He moved to Canada from Jamaica in 1959, and received a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Manitoba. Anderson worked in partnership with Les Latinecz to promote multicultural policies in Winnipeg during the 1960s, and became the first chair of the multicultural council on the Winnipeg One School Division in 1977. In 1984, he was appointed by Bill Norrie as chair of the mayor's race relations committee. Anderson was also chair of the Manitoba Multicultural Resources Centre, and a two-time president of the Caribbean Canadian Association.

In 1990, Anderson served on a provincial council that examined the state of race relations in Manitoba. The council's report recommended that judges and politicians be required to attend sensitivity training courses, and called for the Manitoba Human Rights Commission to be given more powers. He later criticized a proposal made by the federal Liberal government of Jean Chrétien in 1994, in which the number of immigrants allowed into Canada would be reduced on an annual basis. Anderson said that the federal party had drifted too far to the right with this plan.

Anderson received 1,996 votes (28.47%) in 1995, finishing second against New Democratic Party incumbent Becky Barrett. He later remarked that no political party in Manitoba had done an adequate job of recruiting candidates from minority communities.


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FL (programming language)

FL (short for "Function Level") is a programming language created at the IBM Almaden Research Center by John Backus, John Williams, and Edward Wimmers in the 1980s and documented in a report from 1989. FL was designed as a successor of Backus' earlier FP language, providing specific support for what Backus termed function-level programming.

FL is a dynamically typed strict functional programming language with throw and catch exception semantics much like in ML. Each function has an implicit history argument which is used for doing things like strictly functional input/output (I/O), but is also used for linking to C code. For doing optimization, there exists a type-system which is an extension of Hindley–Milner type inference.

Uses
PLaSM is a "geometry-oriented extension of a subset of the FL language" first described in 1992.

title: FL (programming language)


text:
A Small Place

A Small Place is a work of creative nonfiction published in 1988 by Jamaica Kincaid. A book-length essay drawing on Kincaid's experiences growing up in Antigua, it can be read as an indictment of the Antiguan government, the tourist industry and Antigua's British colonial legacy, which includes slavery.

The book, written in four sections, "combines social and cultural critique with autobiography and a history of imperialism to offer a powerful portrait of (post)colonial Antigua."

History and background
In 1493, Christopher Columbus became the first European to visit Antigua on his second voyage. He named it Antigua after the Santa Maria de la Antigua, an icon found in Seville's cathedral. Sir Thomas Warner from England was able to colonize the island in 1632 by starting plantations that included tobacco and sugarcane. Warner also introduced slavery to the island. Slaves from West Africa worked on these plantations. Antigua became known as the English Harbourtown for its great location in the Caribbean. In 1834 slavery was finally abolished, but black peoples' economic conditions failed to improve due to “land shortages and the universal refusal of credit”.

In her work, Jamaica Kincaid presents her own perspective on her home country, Antigua, while it was under colonial rule and self-governance. She focuses on the impact of tourism and government corruption, both of which became prevalent after independence, on the citizens of Antigua and the consequent changes/continuity in their lives. This social critique led it being described as "an enraged essay about racism and corruption in Antigua" by one reviewer. Kincaid is very unapologetic in her critique of these times, and challenges readers to face the reality and uncomfortable truths of power and oppression.

Plot Summary
Part One: In this section, Kincaid speaks directly to the reader. She refers to the reader as "you" and describes the experiences of a tourist of Antigua. She begins with landing in the airport and follows the tourist through their stay in Antigua. In this section, Kincaid emphasizes the idea that "A tourist is an ugly human being" (14). Kincaid emphasizes how the tourism industry perpetuates systems of inequality in Antigua and forces Antiguans to act as servants to white tourists. She also notes how tourists just observe things at face value and do not gain a real understanding of Antigua. Kincaid suggests that tourists are oblivious to reality and use vacations as a way to escape the boredom of their own lives, which is something natives cannot do because they are too poor. "When the natives see you, the tourist, they envy you, they envy your ability to leave your own banality and boredom, they envy your ability to turn their own banality and boredom into a source of pleasure for yourself" (19).

Part Two: In the second section, Kincaid reflects on the Antigua she grew up in. She starts the section by saying, "The Antigua that I knew, the Antigua in which I grew up, is not the Antigua you, a tourist, would see now. That Antigua no longer exists" (23). Kincaid is referring to colonial Antigua, which was part of the British Empire until 1981. Kincaid reflects on how the British attempted to turn Antigua into England by naming streets after Englishmen, setting up British institutions such as Barclays Bank, and forcing Antiguan children to learn about British history in school. Kincaid critiques Barclays for having ties to slavery. She also introduces the Mill Reef Club, a private club set up for tourists and white residents of Antigua that banned locals except for those who were employed as servants. She also reflects on when the Princess of England visited Antigua and the large spectacle that was made for her arrival. This section ends with a scathing critique of British actions in Antigua and explains how the imperial legacy is still affecting Antigua even after independence.

Part Three: In this section, Kincaid contemplates post-colonial Antigua. She discusses government corruption and focuses on the desire to repair the library. She also critiques the idea of a Minister of Culture. Kincaid also contends with slavery and its legacy in Antigua. She critiques the way people speak of and remember slavery and act as if emancipation undid all of the issues created by slavery.

This section also explains the significance of the title: A Small Place. Kincaid explains that Antigua is a small place not only physically but in the sense that it is interconnected within the community. Despite being a small place, Antigua is subject to a lot of foreign investment and intervention which Kincaid critiques and ties to much of the corruption in post-colonial Antigua. She discusses the drug industry, Swiss banking, French governmental aid, Japanese car dealerships, and Syrian and Lebanese investors.

Part Four: The fourth section is quite short. In this section, Kincaid discusses the almost unnatural beauty of Antigua. She emphasizes the idea that Antigua is "a small place" (80). She summarizes the history of Antigua saying how it was discovered by Columbus in 1493 leading to colonization and then eventually independence. She refers to the European people who settled in Antigua, specifically the British, as "human rubbish from Europe" (80). She also states how the real Antiguans are descendants of slaves.

Tourism as a neo-colonial structure
In the first section of A Small Place, Kincaid employs the perspective of the tourist in order to demonstrate the inherent escapism in creating a distance from the realities of a visited place. Nadine Dolby dissects the theme of tourism in A Small Place and places Kincaid's depiction of tourism in a globalized context that justifies Kincaid's strong feelings toward it. Dolby corroborates Kincaid's depiction of the tourist creating separation by "othering" the locale and the individuals that inhabit it. Furthermore, the tourist industry is linked to a global economic system that ultimately does not translate into benefits for the very Antiguans who enable it.

The tourist may experience the beauty on the surface of Antigua while being wholly ignorant of the actual political and social conditions that the Antiguan tourism industry epitomizes and reinforces. Corinna McLeod points out the disenfranchising nature of the tourism industry in its reinforcement of an exploitative power structure. In effect, the industry recolonizes Antigua by placing locals at a disenfranchised and subservient position in a global economic system that ultimately does not serve them.

Racism and legacies of colonialism
Kincaid and the other Antiguans are subject to continuous reminders of their colonial history. For instance, streets are named after the British who contributed to the slave trade. Also, Antigua’s main bank, the Barclays Bank, is representative of people profiting off slaves. The citizens’ yearly celebration of British holidays enforces their remembrance of the colonial rulers. While the English can distance themselves from the ramifications of slavery and colonization since Antigua is not their native homeland, they do not experience the same effects as the Antiguan citizens, who face pain and cruel reminders of the legacy of colonialism.

Poverty and Corruption
One of the biggest critiques Kincaid makes about Antigua as an independent state is the corruption of the Antiguan Government. The withdrawal of European colonization left Antigua in a state of poverty and corruption. Kincaid’s frustration with the Antiguan government was made clear throughout the novel, specifically when she referenced a library as a symbol of her perpetual resentment towards colonization and decolonization. Not only a symbol of Kincaid’s perpetual resentment towards colonization and decolonization, but the library is arguably “the chief image of decline and corruption” for Kincaid. To her the island library was once a sacred space and a retreat away from the colonized world that plagued her homeland as a child. More importantly, the library acted as a sort of opening to the greater outside world away from the island.It was unfortunately destroyed by an earthquake in 1974, but after all these years has lacked any sort of reconstruction, only a sign posted that says "Repairs are Pending." This is likely because “the library provides the language and the texts by which Kincaid can learn how to attack the white world." Therefore Kincaid alludes to the reality that in the eyes of the corrupt government there should not exist any sort of tools, such as these library books, which could undermine their rule.

In addition to this, Kincaid makes references towards illegal activities that the Antiguan Government was involved in such as drug smuggling, prostitution, and offshore bank accounts in Switzerland. In Kincaid’s novel, poverty and corruption are seen as products of Europe’s colonization and decolonization of Antigua.

According to academic Suzanne Gauch, while Kincaid acknowledges the racial justifications used by white colonists to institute oppressive policies during Antigua's colonial era, she also attempts to transcend the notions of an inescapable racialized past for Antigua. In doing so she attempts to shape readers’ view of Antigua by creating a sense of agency.

Positive
Kincaid's work has received mixed reviews, both positive and negative. Some of her overall reactions in the United States were characterized as immediate and enthusiastic. The anger that people felt from her attacking nature in her reading simultaneously lent certain strength to her argument about the postcolonial condition of the Antiguan people by manifesting itself as an authentic and emotional account. She uses her anger about the situation as a way to definitively inform readers about the postcolonial Antiguan daily life. Being an enraged essay focusing on racism and the effects of colonialism, some people account for the most consistent and striking aspect of her work to be what critic Susan Sontag calls her "emotional truthfulness". Sontag describes Kincaid's writing as "poignant, but it's poignant because it's so truthful and it's so complicated. ... She doesn't treat these things in a sentimental or facile way."

Negative reception
In 1988, A Small Place was criticized as a vitriolic attack on the government and people of Antigua. New Yorker editor Robert Gottlieb refused to publish it. According to Jamaica Kincaid: Writing Memory, Writing Back to the Mother she was not only banned unofficially for five years from her home country, but she voiced concerns that had she gone back in that time, she worried she would be killed.

Jane King, in A Small Place Writes Back, declared that "Kincaid does not like the Caribbean very much, finds it dull and boring and would rather live in Vermont. There can really be no difficulty with that, but I do not see why Caribbean people should admire her for denigrating our small place in this destructively angry fashion." Moira Ferguson, a feminist academic, argued that as "an African-Caribbean writer Kincaid speaks to and from the position of the other. Her characters are often maligned by history and subjected to a foreign culture, while Kincaid herself has become an increasingly mainstream American writer."

The Library
The Library represents colonialist ruins that continue to exist in Antigua. Kincaid reflects how the library used to hold books that pictured England in a positive light. Now, the library speaks to the government’s lack of outreach to the Antiguan citizens. After the library was damaged by the earthquake, the government simply put up a sign about pending repairs. Furthermore, the library symbolizes the government’s lack of intervention in improving the situation for Antiguan citizens, and instead, their focus on developing areas into commercial property for the enjoyment of tourists.

The Mill Reef Club
The Mill Reef Club is another symbol of colonialism that represents how foreign control still impacts life in Antigua. This club is a segregated place for white visitors who come to Antigua and embodies the past racist divisions of the British Empire. Ultimately, Kincaid and other citizens are dependent on the Mill Reef Club for money, such as library repairs, which testifies to a similar dependence as seen during the British’s control of Antigua during colonialism.

title: A Small Place


text: User talk:84.248.217.138

title: User talk:84.248.217.138


text:
Jesse H Turner Park

Jesse H Turner Park is a public park in Memphis, Tennessee at the corner of South Parkway and Bellevue in South Memphis. Jesse H. Turner Sr. was a major civil rights champion and former president of Tri-State Bank in Memphis, Tennessee. Jesse H. Turner, Sr. had a long and dedicated service to the NAACP, which began when he was a student at LeMoyne College. He became a longtime treasurer of the national NAACP organization. He was also the first black CPA of Tennessee, and the first black chairman of the Shelby County Board of Commissioners.

His son, Jesse Turner Jr., was the first African-American to attend a white high school in the Memphis area, graduating co-salutatorian from Christian Brothers High School in 1967.

title: Jesse H Turner Park


text:
Bubble Puppy

Bubble Puppy is an American psychedelic rock band originally active from 1967 to 1972. They are best remembered for their Top 20 hit, "Hot Smoke & Sasafrass".

Origins
Bubble Puppy was formed in 1966 in San Antonio, Texas, by Rod Prince and Roy Cox, who had previously performed together in the rock group called The Bad Seeds. Looking to form a "top gun rock band" based on the concept of dual lead guitars, Prince and Cox recruited Todd Potter, an Austin, Texas gymnast, saxophonist, and guitarist. With the addition of Danny Segovia and Clayton Pulley, the original lineup of Bubble Puppy was complete. The name "Bubble Puppy" was taken from "Centrifugal Bumble-puppy", a fictitious children's game in Aldous Huxley's 1932 novel Brave New World.

After some lineup changes (drummer Clayton Pulley being replaced by Craig Root, and the departure of Danny Segovia), the final roster for Bubble Puppy settled at Rod Prince and Todd Potter on lead guitars, Roy Cox on bass guitar, and David "Fuzzy" Fore on drums. In the spring of 1967, Bubble Puppy moved to Austin, Texas, and signed a recording contract with Houston-based International Artists. Bubble Puppy were one of the last groups to signed by the label before its demise in 1971.

The band appeared and toured with many notable artists from 1967 until 1971, including The Who, Grand Funk Railroad, Canned Heat, Steppenwolf, Jefferson Airplane, Bob Seger, Johnny Winter, and Janis Joplin.

Chart success
Bubble Puppy scored a hit in 1969 with the psychedelic single "Hot Smoke & Sasafrass", which became International Artists' biggest single, peaking at number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 15 on the Canadian RPM chart. In addition to its misspelling of "sassafras", the title was inspired by a line of dialogue heard in an episode of The Beverly Hillbillies. Attempting to capitalize on the song's unexpected success, Bubble Puppy released their debut album that year, titled A Gathering of Promises, but sales were poor and the group parted ways with International Artists in 1970.

Demian
Signing Nick St. Nicholas of Steppenwolf as a manager, Bubble Puppy moved to Los Angeles in 1970. Their name was changed to Demian, after Hermann Hesse's 1919 novel, at the suggestion of St. Nicholas' wife. This was to avoid contractual difficulties with their previous record company but also because the former name appeared to link them with bubblegum music. The group signed to ABC-Dunhill Records and released one self-titled album in 1971, but its failure to perform on the charts led to financial difficulties with the label and the group's break-up in 1972. Potter stayed in California, working as a session player, before joining and touring with Rusty Wier's Fabulous Filler Brothers.

Later years
The members of Bubble Puppy continued to be active in the music industry after the band's demise. Potter and Prince played with Sirius during the 1970s, and Fore drummed with the Texas punk rock band D-Day.

In 1984, the original Bubble Puppy line-up reunited for performances and recordings, and they released their second LP, Wheels Go Round, in 1987.

Roy Cox founded The Blues Knights and released two CDs: Before I Go in 1999, and Road To Freedom in 2001. He formed the NYC Outlaws in September 2007 in New York City, along with Tony Saracene on guitar, Dan Curley on guitar, Cody Willard on guitar, Evan Hammer on bass, and Billy Brooks on drums. Cox died on April 2, 2013.

Reunion and 2011–2018 appearances
In 2011, three of the original members of Bubble Puppy reunited for a performance at Austin Chronicle's Music Awards. The band also added Mark Miller (guitar) and Jimmy Umstattd (bass) to the line-up. David Fore met the two while playing in Austin cover band the Kopy Kats. Fore and Miller also played together in the mid-1970s in another Austin cover band, Zeus. In April 2013, Gregg Stegall joined the line-up, taking Todd Potter's place in the band. Stegall has a long-standing musical affiliation with Miller and Umstattd, dating from the early 1970s. David Fore is currently taking a leave of absence, with Randall Maxwell on drums since mid-2018.

Original members

 * Rod Prince ‒ lead guitar, vocals
 * Roy Cox ‒ (died 3 April 2013) bass guitar, vocals
 * Todd Potter ‒ lead guitar, vocals
 * David Fore ‒ drums, vocals

Current members

 * Rod Prince ‒ guitar, lead vocals
 * Mark Miller - guitar, vocals
 * Jimi Umstattd ‒ bass, vocals
 * Gregg Stegall ‒ guitar, vocals
 * Randall Maxwell - drums, groove

Studio albums

 * 1969: Bubble Puppy ‒ A Gathering of Promises (International Artists)
 * 1971: Demian ‒ Demian (ABC-Dunhill)

Live albums

 * 1987: Bubble Puppy ‒ Wheels Go Round (One Big Guitar)

Compilation albums

 * 2000: Bubble Puppy ‒ Hot Smoke (Actual Artists)

title: Bubble Puppy


text: Category:Radio stations in Greece

title: Category:Radio stations in Greece


text:
Category:Golf clubs and courses in Australia

Golf clubs and courses in Australia.


text:
Talk:Characters of the Dead or Alive series

Cortana?
is this for real? --TBH 21:03, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

I know its wierd isnt it? I didnt add that information, but on the main Dead or Alive article it shows | This link which shows that this is infact real. However I dont think the info on this page for Cortana is real (Tecmo/Team Ninja has not released any story info for Cortana in Dead or Alive 4 yet. -- Psi edit

Nicole
Please Confirm the new additions with evidence. If you dont I dont think the information can stay there without a source and will be commented out until confirmed.-- Oni Ookami AlfadorTalk 03:27, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

Go to Bungie.net here its all there on the latest top story. Spoilers are there though. --Psi edit

 * Makes sense, but its going to need to go on a specific character page, so it can appropriately be labeled with a spoiler tag. It is also going to need some heavy paraphrasing or a citation because right now it is an exact plagarism from the press release.  I'll try and get on the article creation right now.-- Oni Ookami AlfadorTalk 03:57, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

I just finished the article, so if anyone wants to stop by and take a look at it feel free. (peer review = win)-- Oni Ookami AlfadorTalk 05:05, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

I will once I play the game lol. --Psi edit
 * Fair enough, I'm such a crusty fancruft guy though, so I'm into all sorts of crap well before it actually comes out :)-- Oni Ookami AlfadorTalk 18:28, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

why doesn't Kokoro have her own article unlike the other girls? i think it's only fair if she has one herself. i will thank you personally and i would really appriciate it. :) Vsupporter298 (talk) 01:03, 3 September 2008 (UTC)

Merge
What nonsense is this..? Someone is implying we need a merge with genra into the List of DOA characters.? Why..? The article clearly depicts enough information about the character to warrent his own article, and I no doubt will add more when DOA4 comes out. -ZeroTalk 08:00, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

I agree the info should remain at that article. Psi edit 02:31, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Also agreed. People like to throw merge templates around way too much.-- Oni Ookami AlfadorTalk 04:46, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Shall I remove this evil template then..? -ZeroTalk 12:20, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Done. -ZeroTalk 17:12, 18 March 2006 (UTC)

missing info
I noticed in the some of the other games sections with individual characters, they go into more depth then you guys do. It'd be great if this information was included, cause this game isn't the most balanced game out there either. It'd be great if that info was added. -- —Preceding unsigned comment added by Amuro RayVS (talk • contribs)

 * I need you to be a tad more specific with your query. What info..? --ZeroTalk 23:32, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Character strengths, weaknesses, genral gameplay info, counter windows, most effective ways to play the character, the ways people play the character, tier listing. Nothing Else really special.--Amuro

 * Please be patient. I'll attempt to finish the Gameplay sections for each DOA character tomorow. As for the "way people play the character", and "the most effective way", I can not do that. That becomes an biased point of view, and may be incorrect. I can convey an general play aspect in the section however, depending upon the character's respective attributes. Tier listing, however, is not an option in inserting into the articles. But if you are so interested, I have an tier listing located here created after months of research and analysis of the series. -ZeroTalk 23:57, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Well you have the resources and how is it biased to say the way most people use a character and the other character sections I've seen on other games says what range or what play style is most effective for a character, I would be embrassed too, If I got misinformation, from a site and lost a major tournament cause I had the wrong info. I know there is more info available then you are stating. You can add a tier listing still, check out the SC section. That is one of the better fighting resource sections I've seen on here by far. All that information is on point. What you have is not a tier list. You need to get more accurate info. Tier lists are based on mainly on a characters tools, and how well they can handle each situation in the game. Also your missing Ein, he is still a playable character in DoA4 and is different from Hayate. Your story info is right though.--Amuro

 * I hear what you're saying. Only problem with the tier information is that I can't insert my opinion regarding such into the article. The Soul Calibur character articles have tier listings from data accumulated from various tournaments. Also, your statement "I would be embrassed too, If I got misinformation, from a site and lost a major tournament cause I had the wrong info." is somewhat irrelevant, as wikipedia is WP:NOT an gamefaqs. We merely provide an informative thesis. -ZeroTalk 10:15, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

 * There is DoA tourney scene too, and players for this game aquire information and test and test and test, just like in SC. If it supposed to provide a correct thesis, plus gamefaqs has alot of wrong information anyways most they get right is the system basics. But if you think you have the right approach to this game, ok, I'll drop it. --Amuro

Merge proposal
Any objections to merging Raidou, Tengu, and Omega into this article?--Kung Fu Man (talk) 17:16, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I went ahead and merged them anyway after seeing the state of the articles here. These are royal screwups in terms of encyclopedic tone: there has been NO attempt to make any real world relevance out of any of these.--Kung Fu Man (talk) 19:41, 13 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I merged several articles into this list. There has been no attempt to achieve notability for these subjects, and from researching, there's nothing said for a majority of the characters. I'm sorry but policy is policy, and messes do get cleaned up.--Kung Fu Man (talk) 20:28, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

VA of DOA
This has been on my mind for a while, but who are the voice actors of each of the characters?

Really?
Is this article really necessary? Honestly, these articles ruin the internets... 114.58.188.255 (talk) 14:16, 27 February 2009 (UTC)

What happened?
I used to update the separate character pages for DoA quite frequently. However I've been away for a year or so and now almost all of them are gone! What gives?
 * Arnizipal (talk) 22:57, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

SPARTAN Nicole-458
,,  were redirected to Characters of Halo and merged there until it was subsequently edited and removed from that article. That's a fairly stupid thing to do, since it doesn't say "Nicole (HALO)", it says "Nicole (DOA)" - can someone merge it here instead, and fix all the redirect to point here? The material from the page is in the history at.

65.94.252.195 (talk) 10:15, 10 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Per discussion on my talk page, I have restored the article and placed merge template for the proper target. 65.94.252.195 (talk) 11:48, 10 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Seems to me the most logical place for a DOA playable character is in the DOA article. My tuppence.   a_man_alone (talk) 12:49, 10 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Per discussion on my talk page, an RFC has been opened on the issue (yeah, it's somewhat lame), so can you voice your opinion at Talk:Nicole (Dead or Alive) ? Thanks. 65.94.252.195 (talk) 06:17, 11 November 2009 (UTC)

Cleaned-up the mess, pix needed for Ayane & Kasumi articles
--Asperchu (talk) 16:01, 22 August 2010 (UTC)

I'm trying to help the DOA: Dimensions article by putting in a 'Confirmed Characters' section, but I haven't played the games for a long while, and can't place the characters faces with their names. Putting pictures in this article of each character would help me a lot, as well as help newcomers know who's who. Thanks, 3dsfan (talk) 00:02, 7 February 2011 (UTC)

page for Hitomi
ever since Hitomi is popular, I wonder why she doesn't have a page? I'd like to make one for her. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.104.213.174 (talk) 02:50, 1 June 2013 (UTC)

Splitting articles
Hi, I began with User:Niemti/Hitomi. If someone wants to collaborate, drop me a line or just edit. --Niemti (talk) 14:24, 23 June 2013 (UTC)

My proposals: Christie and Helena, maybe Leifang or Tina. --Niemti (talk) 17:04, 23 June 2013 (UTC)

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Spin-Off series
In the article it says list of characters in spin-off series then it says list of characters in Xtreme series, but Xtreme is the spin off series, so why are there two? Alexysun (talk) 00:17, 25 February 2020 (UTC)

Family tree?
There's mention of halfsisters, fathers and cousins. Would a graphical family tree make it easier to understand? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.15.222.66 (talk) 10:51, 16 March 2022 (UTC)


text:
British Empire and Commonwealth Museum

The British Empire and Commonwealth Museum was a museum in Bristol, England, exploring the history of the British Empire and the effect of British colonial rule on the rest of the world. The museum opened in 2002 and entered voluntary liquidation in 2013.

The museum opened in 2002 in Bristol's historic old railway station, designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, following renovation and conversion costing £8 million. It was completed in 1840 and includes the passenger shed and the adjoining former engine and carriage shed. It is over 220 ft with timber and iron roof spans of 72 ft, this Grade I listed building has been nominated as part of a World Heritage Site.

The museum had a flourishing publications department, producing books on aspects of colonial life such as the history of the Northern Rhodesia Police, and a register of titles of the regiments of the Honourable East India Company and East Indian Armies. The museum also held the collection of artefacts of the Commonwealth Institute; extensive photograph stills, paper, film and oral history archives, and a costume collection. These are now in the care of Bristol Museums, Galleries & Archives (apart from loans which were returned to their owners).

The museum was also the home of the New World Tapestry.

Unlike many national museums in Britain, the BECM was not publicly funded, but owned and operated by a charitable trust; consequently an admission charge was in place.

Breaking the Chains
The museum's Breaking the Chains exhibition, funded by a £1m Heritage Lottery grant to mark the 200th anniversary of the abolition of the British Transatlantic Slave Trade by the Slave Trade Act 1807, was shortlisted for the Art Fund Prize.

Closure and controversy
On 23 November 2007 the museum announced it would be moving its core operations to London in 2008. The museum closed to the public in the autumn of 2008 and for school visits at the end of March 2009.

On 16 March 2011, the Museums Association announced that the Director of the museum, Gareth Griffiths, had been dismissed pending a police investigation into the unauthorised disposal of museum objects.

By July 2012, the museum announced that the planned move to London had been cancelled and that it would instead give its collection to the City of Bristol to display at the Bristol City Museum and Art Gallery at a future date. The Old Station which had previously housed the museum was also given to the city, and may be used for future Network Rail services to London.

The unauthorised sale of hundreds of items from the museum's collection was the subject of a BBC One Inside Out programme on 10 December 2012.

In a letter dated 22 May 2013, the museum wrote to one of the lenders of items:

"Following a further extensive search for the items, I can now confirm that, unfortunately, we have only been able to locate one of the ten [items]... It is a matter of great regret that the Museum cannot locate the remaining items and I apologise on behalf of the Museum's trustees for this. I also confirm that the Museum has now completed the transfer of the artefacts it held to the British Empire & Commonwealth Trust (held by Bristol City Council) and the Museum has now moved out of its premises and it is proposed that the company which operates the Museum will be wound down in the near future, with an intention to enter a Members Voluntary Liquidation in July 2013."

On 24 October 2013, The British Empire and Commonwealth Museum and The Empire Museum Ltd were placed into "members' voluntary liquidation"; two employees of PricewaterhouseCoopers, Bristol, were appointed joint liquidators.

“Lost” items

The following is a partial list.

 * Thomas Buttersworth's painting of the East India Company's Dunira, loaned by Lord Caldecote, was sold at auction in 2008, to the Government of Madeira, without the owner's consent.
 * Bronze statuette of John Robert Godley donated by New Zealand.
 * Maori pare (carved lintel) donated by New Zealand.
 * Model pataka (store house) donated by New Zealand.

Collections
After the closure of the museum the collections were given to Bristol City Council to care for, with the objects under the care of Bristol Museum and Art Gallery and the archive collections (including papers, books, photographic, film and sound) under the care of Bristol Archives. The Directorate of Overseas Surveys photographic collection was deposited with the National Collection of Aerial Photography in Edinburgh in 2012. Since 2014 Bristol Archives have worked to catalogue some of the photographic and film collections, digitise them and make them available for public use.

title: British Empire and Commonwealth Museum


text:
Pulimamidi

Pulimamidi is a village in Nawabpet Mandal of Ranga Reddy district in the Indian state of Telangana, about 45 km from Hyderabad.

Religion
A temple is dedicated to Hanuman. It celebrates the Sri Rama Navami. The festivals of Bonalu and Vinayaka Chaviti are also celebrated in Pulimamidi. One of the temples called Chikati Venkateswara Swamy temple located at Pulimamidi ,this temple having nearly 250 acres of land. This temple is built by Akkanna Madhanna.

title: Pulimamidi