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User talk:Mel Etitis/Archive 26

My Real Name Stolen, Used for Harassment/Stupidity
Mel -

I am the real, legitimate John Henry DeJong. Apparently, one of the losers who was jerking around with Chad Bryant's entries here a while back decided to use my name - among many others - to do it. I notice that you have placed a lock on this username. I would like to register with Wiki and perhaps contribute across a wide range of subjects including MS Access programming, web design, graphic design, web development, and most facets of popular culture, and I think it'd be real cool if I could do so under my own name (also thereby eliminating the various google hits containing my name which turn up in a search, all of which are tied to the insipid nonsense with the anti-Chads).

You may feel free to contact me by telephone at (919) 691-5425 at your leisure, or via e-mail at any one of the following addresses to verify my identity: john at lowgenius dot com (this is the domain of my web design business; a quick look at www.lowgenius.com will show you the same phone number in the page footer) webdesign at lowgenius dot com domainregs at lowgenius dot com john at roadlesstraveledtheatre dot com lowgenius at gmail dot com johnhdejong at hotmail dot com lazaruslong.geo at yahoo dot com

You can also reach me via instant message: Yahoo! and MSN using the last two addresses above, AIM under the name 'jhdalg', or ICQ UIN 18076883.

Thank you for your time and consideration, 65.190.213.86 15:59, 22 September 2005 (UTC) John Henry DeJong Owner, Lead Designer LowGenius Web Design Information Director, The Road Less Traveled Theatre, Inc.

 * I'll need to check with other administrators to see what the correct course of action is. Watch this space. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 16:59, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I've bookmarked the page. You may also see me from IPs in the 216.* range (my home ISP) - JHD

 * What you should do is contact a Wikipedia bureaucrat, from the list of bureaucrats. They have the technical ability to change the username of the vandal to something like John_Henry_DeJong_impostor and free up the username for you (as long as the current registrant of the username used it only for vandalism, I believe they would authorize this). -- Curps 17:47, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks, Curps. I'm new to the community - is anyone on this list known for being particularly helpful (or unhelpful), or should I just assume that whoever I contact would have the same response? - JHD

I've contacted a bureacrat (User:Rdsmith4), and asked him if he'd do this. --Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 22:30, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I changed it to User:John Henry DeJong (renamed); the real account now does not exist, and the real Mr DeJong is free to recreate it. — Dan | Talk 23:01, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Thank you very much for your help, gentlemen. I hope that I can prove your effort worthwhile with my contributions.John Henry DeJong 03:22, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

Watchlist tool

I'll put the source in my user space for now. I currently don't use the standard watchlist tool anymore, but it of course remains a necessity when not running Windows (for now at least). Shinobu 19:56, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

A source code (Visual Basic) version is available at User:Gerbrant/WikiCheck. For a binary build (which doesn't need compilation, and hence can be used without VB) I would need to use some kind of ASCII armor to put it on wiki. I haven't gotten around to do that, but I could mail it to you (7 kB).

Requirements for the binary I hope you'll get it running, since some feedback would be nice. Be aware though, that part of the UI is still in Dutch.
 * Win32
 * WebBrowser control
 * (shipped with IE, HtmlHelp and recent versions of Windows)
 * Some runtime libraries (available on the web, I suspect)
 * You'll probably only need "C:\Windows\System32\VB40032.dll", the rest should already be on your machine.
 * WinAce to decompress the file

Yours sincerely, Shinobu 22:51, 22 September 2005 (UTC)

Numbers
Well, technically I should say "under 100, and round numbers over 100" (one thousand, one million, ten million, et cetera). But since one hundred is itself a round number, I've started saying "under 101". I've looked to see whether there is a suggested wikistyle on this...as far as I can tell, there isn't. Have I missed it? Regardless, I would strongly disagree with those who want everything over nine written in numerals. That may be okay for newspapers and magazines, but not an encyclopedia. Babajobu 13:33, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I made a plea for sanity on this score at the Village Pump policy page under "Wikipedia has a numbers problem" Village_pump_%28policy%29 Babajobu 00:25, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I had a knock-down, drag-out debate on the issue at the Village Pump. There was a great deal of resistance, much more than I anticipated. However, a good bit of that my be attributable to my lack of diplomatic skill. Anyway, glad you support the MOS change. We'll see if it sticks. Babajobu 22:46, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi, saw that you reverted User:OmegaWikipedia at the MoS. I was going to do that myself but wasn't confident enough to throw my weight around in that way on a page as important to the community as MoS. I would really like to see this change become set and accepted. Is there another forum where this should be raised? As I said, I brought it up at the Village pump and had mixed results...is there somewhere more appropriate? Or is it just a matter of trying to protect the MoS page from reverts? Thanks. Babajobu 19:40, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Help - a Day in the Life
The capitalization mistake is my fault. I just was carrying out a request on WP:RM, and figured that no matter what, it should be moved out of the Help namespace, where it was. I don't plan to move it again. Ral 315  14:48, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

KPNZ entry
Mel: Please look at the entry for the TV station KPNZ and tell me what you think. I don;t want to get into a edit war, but I can't help but feel this article, as written, in incorrect and outside of Wiki policy regarding citing (or lack of) sources.

TruthCrusader

Um...
Mel, you are starting to take this songwriting thing a little bit too far. There is such thing as passing the limit, you know. I don't even know my professor's email address, anyway. I can ask him, if you really want me to. Winnermario 20:49, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Foolish nonsense. I have never had to do something that stretched to the point of communicating with friends of friends to people on the other side of the earth. It's quite pathetic, actually, and Calton is an inconsiderable, selfish beast.

 * I also find your presence on this website quite bewildering. Don't you have other people you can be picking on about English and all that nonsense? You certainly seem to like to have things your way, regardless if its right or just totally wrong. Winnermario 21:16, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

Now, now, now, Winnermario, when you say: "Don't you have other people you can be picking on about English....", pushing the problem to other people ain't solving the problem!!! Look at it this way: You are actually dealing with an ex-grammar teacher, teaching some foreign students at Oxford how to write elementary English, so you may actually learn a thing or two, without having to pay tuition fees. So what if the price is just a little pain in the neck? Isn't that good? — PM Poon 21:44, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

Zephraim Stark
A RfAr is being filed against him. One of the charges is his ranting about unalienable rights on the Declaration of Independence page. I thought you might wish to comment; I would, but I have one arbitration already.... Septentrionalis 22:04, 23 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I may have to comment on another issue; he has put in a lengthy interpretation of the Declaration of Independence (United States) into that article; and is charging bad faith at alterations of it. Would you look in at Talk:Declaration of Independence (United States) and the edit history of the article, and tell me whether you think I am exaggerating? Septentrionalis 18:02, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Deleting tactics
User:Ted Wilkes has repeatedly deleted paragraphs from talk and article pages. See, , ,. He even falsely claimed to have moved content from another page to the Talk:Elvis Presley/Sexuality page, but the content has been totally deleted. See.

There are similar deleting tactics by User:Wyss. See, , , ,, ,.

—Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.141.206.236 (talk • contribs) 12:55, 24 September 2005

Album tidying
Thanks for the album tidying. I wanted to let you know that the xx min yy s format is the one preferred by WP:ALBUM. Jkelly 17:52, 24 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the clarification. Going forward, I'll model any more album articles I create on your tidied versions rather than that of WP:ALBUM.  Jkelly 18:10, 24 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I think you're right, in that this particular template depends largely on a cut-and-paste, so it should be a snap to edit. I'll set up a sandbox for it sometime today and make sure it is as easy as we think it is.  Jkelly 18:27, 24 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Update: Sandbox was pointless.  I left a message on the Talk page for the Template, to no response.  I'm failing to be bold out of a concern that other changes to the template have been seen as provocative, so I'm waiting for some kind of response or discussion.  Just FYI.  Jkelly 00:00, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Harassment from user
Mel - The user currently known as TruthCrusader (formerly ChadBryant) has been making a point to contest or disrupt any articles that I have contributed or edited. This user is now sending me harassing and obscene messages via remailers. His IP's are hidden by the anon services he chooses, but his mails coincide with the times that he is contributing comments and edits here at Wiki, and they serve as evidence for this user's intent and reason for being here. Unlike this user, I do not participate in Wikipedia in order to harass or defame the people who got the best of me in a wrestling newsgroup and forced me out years before. I can provide these messages if needed. Chadbryant 19:02, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

I have edited the following articles that you have been involved with:

rec.sport.pro-wrestling Derek Duggan KPNZ Starrcade

You have contributed far far more than those items. The articles that I have re-edited or contested that you have worked on were due to what I felt, and what was agreed to be, a NPOV situation or lack of sources for a cite or contention you made in the article. The admins and other editors from Wikipedia agreed with me in those instances. I am sorry that you feel the need to make wild and false accusations regarding myself. I have even made it a point to ask other editors their opinions on what I edit so that there is NO question of my intentions. I have even alerted admins when others have defaced your talk/user page. I am sorry that you feel the need to lash out at me, or anyone for that matter, who corrects or re-edits your entries when they need to be. TruthCrusader

Why is Mr. Bryant now, in defiance of Wikipedia policy, moving professional wrestlers from their publically known names to their stage names? he is giving reasons such as: "wrestler cannot use this name due to trademark" or "wrestler has accomplished more as backstage booker than performer". The wrestlers in question: "brutus beefcake, lex luger, ole anderson" are ALL known to the public by those names, NOT their real ones. Wikipedia policy states, and Mel reaffirmed, that the wrestlers are to be listed under their better known STAGE names. Mr.Bryant is moving the entries in defiance of this policy.

TruthCrusader

 * Once again, research before editing, Mr. Signorelli:
 * -Edward Leslie has used a variety of ring names since leaving the WWF, and has not used the WWE-trademarked name "Brutus Beefcake" in well over a decade.
 * -Larry Pfohl played professional football before becoming the professional wrestler under the pseudonym "Lex Luger". Since he is listed in several categories for professional football teams, it makes logical sense to list him in Wikipedia under his real name, since the Green Bay Packers, Montreal Alouettes, and several other professional teams never had a player named "Lex Luger".
 * -Alan Rogowski had much more impact in modern pro wrestling under his real name than as "Ole Anderson". As Ole Anderson, he is the answer to a question regarding the original Four Horsemen lineup. Under his real name, he appeared in the credits of every WCW PPV that he worked on (usually as an executive producer). He was the creative force behind WCW for several years.
 * Mr. Signorelli neglects to mention that at the same time, I have moved the entry for Randy Poffo to Randy Savage, since Savage is well-known in the mainstream entertainment world under his wrestling name (including his appearances on The Weird Al Show and in Spiderman 2).
 * Once again, this is nothing more than harassment disguised as "responsible editing" Chadbryant 09:18, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Firstly, that is not my name. You need to stop making statements as such.

Lex Luger is more widely known under his wrestling stage name, regardless of the name he used to play a few seasons as a bench warmer in the NFL. Wikipedia policy states that the most widely recognized name be used, hence the name should be under 'Lex Luger'. Just because you and I are aware of his real name and career as a benchwarmer before his pro-wrestling career does NOT constitute 'wide recognition'.

With regards to Ole Anderson, regardless of his career BEHIND the scenes in WCW, he is widely known under his stage name of Ole Anderson. Even pro-wrestling publications, including the ones who break kayfabe, refer to him as 'Ole Anderson'. Again, just because you and I are aware of his behind the scenes work does NOT constitute 'wide recognition'.

I concede you have a point with Ed Leslie, however his greatest fame came under the 'Brutus Beefcake' name, not as "Zodiac, brother Bruti, The man with no name, Booty Man" and so forth. His entry does prove to be troublesome, and perhaps a redirect from his other name to Ed Leslie could be warrented.

I am not harassing you. It is the job of editors to review and correct any articles which need it. I have not edited any of your KISS articles, despite the questions I have with some of the info, because I am purposely trying to avoid having you run to an admin everytime I edit something. I have cited my sources in each edit I do. I am sorry there seems to be a lot of trolls who come here and DO deface your talk page, however your attitude towards me makes me now start to wonder WHY there seems to be such a backlash against you.

I wish to ask the admins to delete any reference Mr.Bryant makes to what he claims to be my 'real name.' I am sure that this individual is unaware you are doing this here, and out of fairness and respect for this person, this behavior should not be tolerated.

TruthCrusader

RfA
Just to say thanks for supporting my RfA (previous disagreements forgotton anyway). Please let me know if you see me screw up anytime. --Doc (?) 19:21, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

Re: "African-American"
...so why can Michael Jackson not be labeled an African-American, while Robert Blake can be labeled an Italian-American, and Fat Joe can be labeled as being of Puerto Rican and Cuban heritage? Both of them are "American", just like Michael Jackson. However, Fat Joe's areticle would read sort of ridiculously if you didn't mention he was a Latino, just as Rosa Parks' did at the time that it did not mention she was African-American. --FuriousFreddy 19:53, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * But I've not said anywhere that people's race or ethnic origins can't be mentioned. One editor has, however, been insisting on removing Jackson's nationality and replacing it with his ethnicity, and I've been replacing the nationality. When I'd done this a couple of times, the editor started deleting the nationality, replacing it with "popular" (which implies that it wasn't the addition of "African-American" that concerned him, but the removal of "American").
 * Biographical articles start by giving basic details of the person (birth date, death date where relevant, nationality, profession, and reason for notability. If ethnicity, etc., are relevant, they're generally mentioned later.  Some articles get this wrong, and you've mentioned a couple of them (both, but especially Fat Joe, are also full of other mistakes that go against the MoS).  It's never a good enough argument in these cases to point to one or two exceptions (that logic would lead us to edit this article so as to get its punctuation, Wikilinks, etc. wrong).
 * OmegaWikipedia played no part in any of this, but brought it to your attention (in typical style: "a certain editor", etc.) in the hope of enlisting you in his little vendetta. --Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 20:47, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I never called you a racist. If you're referring to the blurb at the top of my page, that's in reference to a bigger issue involving some misguided individuals who want to bury any mention of race or culture from biograpical articles here. The comment I made on OmegaWikipedia's talk page is in reference to the same issue, and other instances where editors would delete mentions of "African-American" or "black" from an article (Eddie Murphy, for example) and then go "I'll add a picture, so that you can see he's black"--a highly racist tactic indeed. I had no idea this involved you at all, and I sincerely apoligize for any confusion. --FuriousFreddy 22:17, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

Anton Wilhelm Amo
Castle vs. palace: I'm suspecting that "castle" is a mistranslation from German "Schloss", which can mean both "castle" and "palace". Here are pictures of the building in question (i.e., the residence of the duke):. This may be a matter of opinion, but it looks more like a palace to me. --Chl 00:44, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

signing etc
hi ok, i think i'm getting the hang of this.

regarding Anthology, it is being released this month on Universal. It is a comprehensive collection of music with an in-depth article on BA by Dave Marsh. The book by Andrew Catlin was released on Opus books circa 1993. I will site more references as I go along. Cheers

MichelleMichelle1 06:13, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

MIU
Click on Fall and see what happens. It works. And I'll keep reverting the article, since you are being obstinate and impossible to collaborate with. You don't have a monopoly on it. BGC 17:49, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Fall = Autumn. That's why it was redirected. As for the banning, I will take steps against you as well if you continue. God knows I've got the proof. BGC 18:06, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Renaming
Sorry, I don't know how to rename articles. Xinger 18:13, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Innuendo disambig
Hi Mel, I noticed that you reverted my edits to the Innuendo disambig article for not conforming to the MoS. I took a look the disambig MoS (just found it a while ago) and edited the article further to follow it. Actually it didn't follow the MoS even before I edited it (for example Innuendo (band) is clearly preferred over Innuendo (Malaysia)), so I'm a bit puzzled why you decided to revert my edits instead of editing it? Regards, --Andylkl (talk) 18:34, 25 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Yea, I suppose there were some grounds for reverting (piped links and secondary links, my fault for not reading the manual), but I don't think em dashes are used in dab pages. Commas are more common. --Andylkl (talk) 05:19, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Suharto and totalitarianism
You are mistaken; failing to remove the category is a violation of Wikipedia policy. Jimbo Wales has reiterated repeatedly on the mailing list that Wikipedia is first and foremost an encyclopedia, which means that the content policies (neutral point of view, verifiability, cite your sources, and no original research) trump process rules in the individual articles. Categorizing Suharto's regime as totalitarian is a violation of all the said content policies because no credible scholar classifies it as such. In comparative politics, scholars using the typographical scheme of regime-types laid out by Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan (perhaps the closest to a standard in the field), never classify Indonesia as totalitarian but rather as authoritarian or personalistic, given that Suharto never came close to controlling or eliminating pre-existing pockets of civil society as in Stalinist Russia. Further, according to Kirkpatrick's framework, during the Reagan years the most influential in the U.S. policymaking community, Indonesia was never considered "totalitarian" but rather "authoritarian." It is also worth nothing that the notion of totalitarianism since the 1970s has come under considerable criticism in terms of its value for political scientists and historians; and even many Russian and Soviet specialists reject the usage of the concept to describe Stalinist Russia, the historical case that almost certainly comes closest to total control of state over society. If totalitarianism fails to be a description of Stalin's Russia expected by all experts in the field, certainly it fails in the case of Indonesia, where the state did not consolidate anywhere near the degree of control over society seen under Stalin. In short, the category must be removed because it is not only POV, but a POV at that that cannot be verified in any credible academic source, regardless of the CfD debate. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, meaning that its editors have the responsibility to ensure accurate and verifiable content. 172 | Talk 19:59, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Second response

 * 1) I have stated the above explanation repeatedly to different editors each time when asked about the removal of the categories. These explantions will be easy to find and follow for anyone interested in the CfD debate.
 * 2) The claim that Suharto's regime is "totalitarian" is not a self-evident fact. In fact, most political scientists who are experts on Indonesia reject this description. Perhaps they're wrong and you're right; but with that in mind, calling Suharto's regime totalitarian is a representation of a particular point of view, which cannot be enshried in a category given Wikipedia's neutral point of view policy. 172 | Talk 15:30, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Reply again

 * By reverting my edit to the Suharto page and restoring the category, you imply that it is a self-evident fact that Suharto's regime was totalitarian, as it shows that you feel that opinion to the contrary is not worth consideration. Perhaps the best known perspective that Surharto's regime was authoritarian not totalitarian is based on the distinction publicized by Jeane Kirkpatrick. For a recent restatement of this distinction in the case of Indonesia, see the following article by Joshua Muravchik published by the AEI. 172 | Talk 23:36, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

I cited Kirkpatrick not because she is my only source but because she is the best known contemporary writer on the totalitarian regime typology; when it comes to picking an author to cite, Kirkpatrick is simply the best bet for naming an author with whom people interested in following the debate on CfD will be familiar. Yes, she is a politician and a researcher for the AEI, a right-wing think-tank. Even so, citing a right-wing think-tank alone is sufficient for removing the category on the grounds of Wikipedia's NPOV policy. The AEI article is an example of disagreement with lumping Suharto's regime under the category of totalitarianism, which must be considered if Wikipedia's use of categories on the subject is to be neutral... At any rate, Kirkpatrick is hardly the only one I have mentioned to explain the need to de-populate the category. In the past few days, I have been citing the most influential academic category scheme in comparative politics: Linz, Juan J., and Stepan, Alfred. Problems of Democratic Transition and Consolidation and Linz, "Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism," 1975. Under Linz's scheme, Suharto's Indonesia falls outside the typology because of a lack of a unified utopian guiding ideology, the presence of some pluralism in civil society that existed under the old regime, the lack of intensive mobilization of society, and the presence of some predictable limits on the leaders power. If you do not trust my summary of the litetature, it will be quite easy for you to find copious scholarly articles grounded in Juan Linz's analysis in (say) Jtstor or Project Muse database in order to verify my statements on your own. By the way, if you have not been satisfied with some of my previous replies, I am sorry. As you're probably aware, I have been carrying on similar conversations with multiple people; so perhaps I have been confusing the conversations, assuming incorrectly at times that I explained to you certain points that I had instead explained to other people. 172 | Talk 01:28, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Reversion of Brittany Murphy
Your reversion of my changes to the Brittany Murphy article was really way out of line and inappropriate. If you had questions about the correctness of neutrality of my wording you should have addressed this to me in a private message, or you should have changed it, but a complete reversion of the article was vastly unacceptable. Reversions are correct for vandalistic changes or for drastically incorrect information. You seem like a very experienced wikipedia user, so I really think you should have known better. Pacian 20:35, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

V-J Day
It's generally right-wingers that use the term PC - so in my view it was perfectly accurate. PMA 23:25, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

User of IP number blanking its user and talk pages
Remember "Enviroknot", Mel?

"I'd started to forget. Why did you have to remind me?"

Sorry. Anyway, another IP number is busily trying to hide that which he doesn't want others to see: User:216.175.112.9. What you see there is probably going to be very innocuous, as hiding stuff appears to be his full-time job -- but check the history of both pages. Suggestions? -- Hoary 07:42, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Fast work -- well done! -- Hoary 08:00, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

The Met
--Why did you delete the pic of the Metropolitan Museum of Art? There was a clear source given as:

Description: Front of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York Date: May 30th, 2004 Photographer: Majonaise —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jleon (talk • contribs) 13:31, 26 September 2005

It was "image:MET NYC.jpg". --Jleon 19:42, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

-If you look at an earlier version (before last weekend) of the New York City Article, you'll see the picture there with the source given when you view it. It's a great pic and it has been there forever, so I'd like to restore it so long as there's no copyright issues surrounding it. --Jleon 12:23, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

Philosophy
Hello - any ideas for improving the philosophy in W? I see you contributed some articles, but there is a long way to go. I just rewrote the Existence article from scratch, let me know what you think. I think it needs some sort of editorial board, and also needs more professional philosophers, how could these be attracted? user: dbuckner

University System of Maryland alumni lists
Regarding speedy rename, thanks. I should have done that, unfortunately, all USM institutions I did today got the capital alumni. -James Howard (talk/web) 00:50, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

I have done and cleared out the remaining lists, as well as those for Miami University. Can you delete these categories: Category:University of Maryland, Baltimore Alumni; Category:University of Maryland, College Park Alumni; Category:University of Maryland, College Park Faculty; Category:Miami University Alumni; Category:Miami University Faculty? Thank you, -James Howard (talk/web) 13:55, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Philosophy
I appreciate your reasons for not contributing to philosophy! But I liked your article on Suarez. I am currently working on a translation of his 40th metaphysical disputation (section 5). Also the 17C page was good. My hobby is 16C philosophers (practically no competition in this area).

Do have a look at Existence. I agree that everyone has opinions, but that was why I deleted the existing article, in favour of one that merely summarised the three or four recognised positions in Anglo-American philosophy, with indications for further reading. I put in a slot for "European" philosophy, but I know practically "nothing" about it. I was a student of the late C.J.F. Williams, by the way.

> It isn't helped by the fact that philosophy is inherently ill-suited to encyclopædias (and > quiz shows), because it's primarily a process, not a product.

Surely not! Honderich's "Companion" is an excellent guide. The product is the arguments that philosophers over the ages have produced. Some of the great encyclopedias of history (e.g. Bayle) were primarily philosophical. In fact it's an incredible assertion. The first encyclopedia (book D of Aristotle's Metaphysics) was on philosophy. What about Voltaire's dictionaire philosophique? Also Baldwin's dictionary (now on the Internet). Omnem encyclopaediam sui temporis designavit.

> The Wikipedia approach (which has both advantages and disadvantages) is to discount > professional qualifications and experience in favour of the "everyone's equal, anyone > can edit anything" approach. On the whole I go along with that, but it can't be denied > that it works in some cases better than others.

No: there are good articles on physics, mathematical logic, mathematics, none of which could have been produced by non-experts. Don’t see why philosophy should be different, so long as it is restricted to what is verifiable. Typically: means roughly this. Aristotle said this, Aquinas said that, Locke/Berkeley/Hume said x, Heidegger/Sartre/Derrida said y, contemporary philosophers tend to think x, y, z. Plus a few quotes, suggestions for futher reading.

Biographies of philosophers are also verifiable (and can on the whole be produced by non-experts). user:dbuckner

List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City
Mel, you added a wikify tag to List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City, however, every museum on the list is linked and the article is in two categories. Also, the links don't appear to need disambiguating. Do you have something specific in mind? Thanks -- Kjkolb 06:07, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

WPLJ unboldening
In the WPLJ article you just unboldened the previous call letters the station has operated under. I believe they should be boldened because they are in effect alternate names for the article; indeed some stations (not WPLJ) are more famous under previous call letters than their current one. Furthermore there are sometimes redirects from the previous call letters to the current named article. And there are no separate articles for the old call letters, everything is subsumed into the current call letter article. What say you?

WPLJ unboldening
In the WPLJ article you just unboldened the previous call letters the station has operated under. I believe they should be boldened because they are in effect alternate names for the article; indeed some stations (not WPLJ) are more famous under previous call letters than their current one. Furthermore there are sometimes redirects from the previous call letters to the current named article. And there are no separate articles for the old call letters, everything is subsumed into the current call letter article. What say you? Wasted Time R 15:24, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Existence of God Reorg
We're having a discussion on how best to reorganize the Existence of God article. We currently have two competing plans. One version is being sandboxed here, and is being discussed here. The other plan (mine) is being discussed here. Since I remember you being interested in this article, I'm asking for your input. (This is being copy-and-pasted to several people.) Thanks! crazyeddie 19:32, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Cheers
Thanks Bro. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 161.74.11.24 (talk • contribs) 12:50, 29 September 2005

adams musical history revision
hi mel i noticed you changed my revision back again, so i revised the other authors entry to the facts. there is no written source of this time other than BA himself, so i went to him for verification. thanks Michelle1 12:25, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

ps: i also noticed you were able to leave a tag after your change, how do i add one? in the box below the edit?

Hi Mel
This is LuMas, (Justin.) You left me a message regarding changes to the bachelor's degree page, and the Bachelor of Philosophy page. The reason that I changed B.Phil. page is because I found it very Oxford-centric. The degree has become famous, in America at least, as an undergraduate honors degree. To divide the article into two sections, both referring to Oxford, perhaps obscures the importance of the degee outside of Oxford. I agree with your changes, but would appreciate it if you worked, in some way, the text that I wrote in the 'Outside Oxford' section. I believe that it better sums up the B.Phil's importance as an undergraduate degree. Thanks. Take care, Mel, -Justin. —Preceding unsigned comment added by LuMas (talk • contribs) 22:30, 29 September 2005

Toxic (single)
I think the answer is obvious. The U.S. has the biggest music market on the planet, and in most music single articles, includes several chart peaks from that country alone. They should be seperated in different infoboxes to distinguish the many U.S. charts from the international ones. Triggy 22:09, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

I just discovered two seperate articles on "The Star-Spangled Banner"
Someone wrote one for Whitney Houtson's version ("The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston song)"), which I listed on AfD. We really need to get this under control; I think this is the point where, if we want this project to look like a respectable encyclopedia and not a free-hosted fansite, we need ot put our feet down and do something about it. --FuriousFreddy 02:17, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I see no need to get deletionist just to meet somebody's arbitrary standard of "respectability". *Dan T.* 04:35, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm no deletionist, but this fan-cruft is irritating; the Houston version is completely non-notable, and doesn't need a separate article. --Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 11:15, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

RE: Robert Crowley (CIA)
Could you further clarify your explanation please? When I go to the page you referred me to and scroll to the bottom, I see: External links. That's what I changed it to, how is External link correct--are you refering to the capitalization of link or the addition of s to links? Thank you, Srcrowl 04:34, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To) (Diana Ross song) - redirect to -> [[Mahogany (1975 film)
I merged the song into the article on the movie (very easy ,as one was essentially a copy of the other, except for the song's catalogue information. But OmegaWikipedia keeps reverting (ostensibly to make a case for keeping his article on Mariah Carey's version, which I listed--as should have been done months ago--at AfD). I don't want to break the 3RR rule; what should be done? --FuriousFreddy 05:21, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Various bad behaviours from this IP.
Dear Mel Etitis,

Thank you for the work you've been doing to keep wikipedia coherant. As I've just discovered (as you have through various re-edits) this IP is the source of much trouble on Wikipedia. This is due to the IP 161.74.11.24 belonging to the master web proxy of the University of Westminster in London.

I entirely agree with the action that you and other moderators have taken and will take in the future, but keep in mind that with future violations this is not one user.

I for one will be sure to create an account before doing any work here.

Sincerely, Anon —Preceding unsigned comment added by 161.74.11.24 (talk • contribs) 21:47, 30 September 2005

Sabaragamuwa Province
Hi M.E. - i noice when you tidied Sabaragamuwa Province recently, you moved the stub templates, leaving SL-stub but removing asia-geo-stub. I've just put the asia-geo-stub back on. It's important that geographical places get some sort of geo-stub, so that WP:WSS knows when particular countries have enough stubs for a new geo-stub type to be made (in this case, SL-geo-stub). And we keep track of them by what's in the "grouped" geo=-stub categories like. Grutness...  wha?  02:25, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Fair enough. I figured it was just a one-off slip, but I didn't want to find out you'd made a habit of it :) Grutness...  wha?  09:05, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

bryan adams postnominal letters
I have to disagree with you. You said yourself that the wikipedia style guide has no specific instructions on this issue. So it seems to me that it is just a matter of your personal preference. I see the same list of postnominal initials in articles (none of which I have edited, by the way) like Wilfrid Laurier, Prince Phillip, Adrienne Clarkson, Michaëlle Jean, and many others. I'm not one to get into revert wars, but I think I'm right on this one. I refer you to this paragraph from the Order of the Garter article:

Knights and Ladies use the post-nominal letters "KG" and "LG," respectively. When an individual is entitled to use multiple post-nominal letters, KG or LG appears before all others, except "Bt" (Baronet), "VC" (Victoria Cross) and "GC" (George Cross).

the postnominal letters are part of the person's name. they have the privilege of adding these letters after their name to signify that they are members of an order, just like Bryan Adams is a member of the order of Canada and the order of British Columbia. --Alhutch 15:16, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

thanks for keeping it civilized.--Alhutch 16:13, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

3RR
I just wanted to let you know that I blocked User:BGC for violation of 3RR. At the same time I would like to take the chance to remind you not to bite the newbies and of the fact that it is innapropriate to use Rollback for content disputes and a friendly reminder that you are 1 revert away from breaking 3RR on M.I.U. Album, thanks. Jtkiefer T - 19:15, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Please explain reverts on User:168.209.98.35 and User talk:168.209.98.35
Please explain your reverts on User:168.209.98.35 and User talk:168.209.98.35. In both cases the complaints about the IP address were frivolous. You can reply on the  talk page, but kindly refrain from reverting the pages again without giving a reason. 168.209.98.35 22:35, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

"And Pilate washed his hands before the crowd"
...or however the verse goes.

I completely give up on trying to reign in the pop diva fans' work; I shouldn't be wasting all my time trying to discuss something with someone who isn't listening. For now, I'm just going to work on helping establish the notablility guidelines asa preventive tool This isn't about me wanting things "my way" (I think you understand that); it's about trying to make things consistent and keeping the music side of things as fre as possible of fangush (<--that article might need to be deleted or redirected. I found it when visiting Fancruft, but boy is it on-the-level). --FuriousFreddy 00:24, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * See WikiProject Music/Notability and Music Guidelines/Songs. --FuriousFreddy 13:12, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Kind-of related, and not worth a new section to itself: I replied to your [Mel's] message on my own talk page. -- Hoary 13:31, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism
Mel, I mentioned this on the M.I.U. Album talk page, however, I wanted to gently remind you that there is a clear distinction between vandalism and a dispute over an article. Please be cautious when using the term "vandalism", as this can upset users when they are making "good-faith" edits. Thanks. -- BMIComp (talk, HOWS MY DRIVING) 02:27, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mel Etitis/Archive 26


text:
Polar Star (novel)

Polar Star is a 1989 crime novel by Martin Cruz Smith, set in the Soviet Union in the late 1980s. It is a sequel to Gorky Park and features former militsiya investigator Arkady Renko, taking place during the period of Perestroika.

Background
After uncovering corruption in high places (in Gorky Park), Renko is dismissed from his job as a Moscow police investigator and is forced to accept a variety of menial jobs in remote parts of the Soviet Union. Finally, he finds himself gutting fish on a factory ship in the Bering Sea, in part to hide from the KGB, who have tried to kill him. The Soviet factory ship is part of a US-Soviet joint venture, with the US fishing vessels catching the fish and turning the catch over to the Soviets for processing (gutting, cleaning, and freezing). The other crew members have signed up with the prospect of a one-day stop at the American port of Dutch Harbor in the Aleutian Islands, with an extra salary allowance in US dollars to let them purchase Western goods such as VCRs and cassette tapes.

Then the body of a murdered female crew member is pulled up in the vessel's nets, and Renko reluctantly agrees to investigate after the ship's political commissar gives him no choice. But Renko's insistence on learning the truth behind her death, rather than allowing her murder to be covered up as a suicide, results in threats by the commissar to block the visit to the United States, which in turn causes the workers to threaten Renko.

Plot
Arkady Renko, former Chief Investigator of the Moscow Town Prosecutor's Office, is serving a self-imposed exile in Siberia to avoid being detained for his actions in Gorky Park several years earlier, despite the Soviet Union's ostensibly increasing liberalization. He procures menial employment as a fish gutter on the "slime line" of a large Arctic Sea factory ship called the Polar Star, part of a joint Soviet-American fishing exercise within detente.

He is brought to the attention of Viktor Marchuk, the ship's captain, after a young woman named Zina Patiashvili is found dead in a net full of freshly-caught fish. Due to his past as a homicide investigator, he is given the task of finding out what happened to her—to the dislike of political officer Volovoi. Hess, the ship's chief electrical engineer—an elaborate blind for his espionage activities—welcomes Arkady more warmly. Researching the girl's background, he discovers an open and somewhat radical Georgian personality, known for her many lovers (including the Captain, before she became a crew member) and fondness for underground music. Looking into her death also attracts the attention of the ship's main gang, led by Karp Korobetz—the ship's leading fisher and Arkady's former prisoner. The American corporate representative on board, Susan Hightower, takes an interest in the case.

Arkady grows weary of the investigation, largely due to the obstructive actions of many of his shipmates—many of whom are concerned that it will delay a long-awaited shore leave at Dutch Harbour. Renko finally decides to go along with the original verdict of suicide, letting the ship's crew disembark. Though lacking proper authorization to go ashore himself, Arkady is sponsored in an impromptu shore leave by "Fleet Electrical Engineer" Hess.

Whilst there, he starts to enter into a relationship with Susan before encountering Volovoi in a nearby dwelling. Volovoi threatens him but is killed by a disgruntled Karp, who then locks Arkady in and sets the building on fire. The investigator manages to escape and "accidentally" falls into the water to wash off any incriminating odors. Questions are raised, but nothing is decided. Arkady has no evidence against Karp and, having already survived an attempt on his life, fears he will be attacked again. Entering the icy North, the American trawler freezes into the ice whilst trailing the Polar Star. Arkady learns of Karp's relationship with Zina and her attempts to defect aboard the American ship, as well the secret spy cable running underneath the vessel that is operated by Hess. Arkady ventures out into the ice towards the American ship, and Karp casually follows and eventually catches up with him. On board they find evidence that Zina was killed and stowed on board in one of the lockers. Arkady also finds indications that the Americans were deceiving Hess by transmitting the acoustic signatures of numerous other decommissioned American vessels.

Karp kills the killer, scaring off the Americans and allowing him and Renko to escape. After a final foiled attempt to finish Arkady off, Karp finally decides, with draconian Russian justice awaiting him back home, to drown himself in the icy water. When the Polar Star returns to Vladivostok, Arkady says farewell to Susan and his fellow crewmen, suddenly finding himself in the party's favour again.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Polar Star (novel)


text:
File:Lee S. Svoboda Flag.png

Summary
Created by User:Lee S. Svoboda

title: File:Lee S. Svoboda Flag.png


text:
User talk:E Pluribus Anthony redux

Are you User:E Pluribus Anthony? dbenbenn | talk 17:48, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Untagged image
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File:FlagofFranco-Ontarien.png listed for deletion
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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:50, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:E Pluribus Anthony redux


text:
Talk:Symbols and symbolism in Christian demonology

Quality
This article reads like a hack demonologists soliloquey, any chance of someone with some knowledge in the subject matter making a few tweaks? There's quite a few errors on behalf of the original authors indicating a vastly inferior knowledge of the Christian faith, ergo it in reference to 'Christian demonology' is pretty much appearing like some tripe worth putting up for VfD in my eyes. Jachin 17:48, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

I have to agree. What does the digression on days of the week have to do with anything?--Hyperizer 19:52, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

The "tripe" dates from at least the middle ages and is certainly encyclopedically noteable - see Lesser Key of Solomon for example. I'm not sure why the article is restricted to "Christian" forms of demonology though. Clinkophonist 17:37, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

Removed Some Text
I took out the following:

"The Pentagram was originally a pagan symbol, the symbol of the godddess Venus. The symbol comes from the weight year cycle of the planet Venus, where the planet traces a perfect pentacle across the sky. The goat comes from the pagan god of fertility, Bahamut, who is depicted as a ram-human.

The devils pitchfork was once the trident of Poseidon, god of the sea. None of these symbols are actually devil worship, they are merely the result of vatican smear campaigns."

Seems like an angry cut and paste job from the Da Vinci Code or its own dubious sources.

Some discussion could be presented here regarding the conversion from pagan to demonic symbols, but care and research would be nice.

192.91.173.36 11:39, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

Purpose of article
When I first arrived at this article it seemed largely to be an attempt to link neopagan religions to satanism through innuendo. Having removed some of that highly misleading innuendo there is now some information of interest, although there's also a lot of information that sounds highly questionable, and nothing is sourced.

The real question is, though, what is the article about? It has no "lead" section containing a brief summary, but rather launches straight into demonic signatures. It has a smattering of discussion of what certain symbols are, without explaining their origins or who believes them to be demonic. For instance, are the various symbols used by "satanists", or by people identified by certain christians as "satanic", or are they only used in christian contexts to symbolise satanism?

This article could be really interesting if it explained the context and development of some of these symbols. For instance, many details of demonic symbolism deriving from the witch-trials originated as pagan beliefs or folk customs that were not understood as such by the Church; the Church was very suspicious of these customs and forced them into a demonic mould; gradually the people practicing these things began to accept that what they were doing was in fact consorting with demons, and their stories started to fall in line with the prescribed demonology.

Basically I think this article would be more interesting if it were about Christian views of demonology rather than from the point of view of this very accusatory style of Christianity. Take a step back and look at the bigger picture. Fuzzypeg ☻ 05:27, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

Text missing
Near the end of the first paragraph is a sentence ending with "of the alphabet to avoid", it then stops. Seems like something's missing here.

86.87.75.160 18:49, 14 June 2007 (UTC)

Thanks. That's been missing since December, when someone wiped it, presumably accidentally. I've restored it. Fuzzypeg ☻ 02:52, 15 June 2007 (UTC)


text:
West Virginia Route 88

West Virginia Route 88 is a north–south state highway located within the northern panhandle of West Virginia. The southern terminus is at U.S. Route 250 in Limestone. The northern terminus is at West Virginia Route 27 five miles (8 km) east of Wellsburg and 400 yd west of the Pennsylvania border.

WV 88 is cosigned with U.S. Route 40 (National Road) from Elm Grove to Woodsdale. It originally terminated in Marshall County, West Virginia. Portions of WV 88 in Ohio County were originally designated as WV 91 via 29th Street and terminated in South Wheeling. A few Ohio County roads are still under the old Route 91 designation. WV 88 from National Road in Woodsdale to the intersection with WV 67 is most commonly known as Bethany Pike and some road signs refer to WV 88 south from Bethlehem as "Fairmont Pike".

Attractions

 * Golden Palace, Limestone
 * Oglebay Park, Wheeling
 * West Liberty University, West Liberty
 * Bethany College, Bethany

title: West Virginia Route 88


text: Category:A1 Grand Prix

title: Category:A1 Grand Prix


text:
Jesús de Chamberí

Jesús de Chamberí is the second album by Spanish folk metal band Mägo de Oz, which was released in 1996. The album that made Mägo de Oz popular in Spain — a rock opera about a modern-day Jesus in Madrid, and the start of the band's trend of heavily criticizing the Catholic Church. This concept album was the first album with their third and most popular singer José Andrëa.

Track listing

 * 1) "Génesis" - 1:03
 * 2) "Jesús de Chamberí" (Jesus of Chamberí) - 7:30
 * 3) "El ángel caído" (The Fallen Angel) - 5:05
 * 4) "Al-Mejandría" (parody of "Alexandria", ancient city of Egypt) - 3:46
 * 5) "El cuco y la zíngara" (The Cuco and the Gypsy) - 4:05
 * 6) "Hasta que tu muerte nos separe" (Till your death do us part) - 5:40
 * 7) "La canción de Pedro" (Peter's Song) - 5:32
 * 8) "Domingo de gramos" (Gram Sunday) - 4:14
 * 9) "Jiga irlandesa" (Irish Jig) - 2:52 (cover of "Irish Jig" by Gwendal)
 * 10) "El cantar de la Luna oscura" (The Singing of the Dark Moon) - 5:22
 * 11) "Judas" (Judas) - 4:56
 * 12) "La última cena" (The Last Supper) - 3:50
 * 13) "Czardas" - 4:28
 * 14) "El fin del camino" (The End of the Road) - 8:53

Personnel

 * José Andrëa: lead vocals, keyboards
 * Mohamed: violin
 * Carlitos: guitar
 * Frank: guitar
 * Salva: bass
 * Txus: drums

Guests

 * Mariano Muniesa: narrator in "Génesis"
 * Amalia: viola in "Jesús de Chamberí" and "Hasta que tu muerte nos separe"
 * Tony del Corral: sax on "Al-mejandría" and "Domingo de Gramos"
 * Ramón Maroto: trumpet on "Al-mejandría" and "Domingo de Gramos"
 * Óscar Cuenca: trombone on "Al-mejandría" and "Domingo de Gramos"
 * Luis Guillén: backing vocals
 * Joaquín Arellano "El niño": backing vocals
 * César de Frutos "El Oso": backing vocals
 * Oscar Sancho: backing vocals

title: Jesús de Chamberí


text: User talk:87.196.23.132

title: User talk:87.196.23.132


text:
William M. Tuck

William Munford Tuck (September 28, 1896 – June 9, 1983) was an American lawyer and lieutenant in the Byrd Organization, who served as the 55th Governor of Virginia from 1946 to 1950 as a Democrat, and as a U.S. Congressman from 1953 until 1969.

Early and Family Life
He was the youngest of nine children of Halifax County, Virginia tobacco warehouseman Robert James Tuck (1863–1930) and Virginia Susan Fitts (1860–1909). He was named for his grandfather William Munford Tuck (1832–1899), who served in the Third Virginia Infantry during the American Civil War. Tuck's mother died when he was 13. He attended county schools, Virgilina High School, and Chatham Training School (now Hargrave Military Academy). He attended the College of William and Mary for two years, earning a teacher's certificate and working for a year as a teacher/principal in Northumberland County. Tuck then enlisted in the U.S. Marine Corps and served in 1917 in the Caribbean. Tuck returned to attend law school at the Washington and Lee University School of Law, graduating in 1921. In 1929 he married widow (and former schoolteacher) Eva Lovelace Dillard (1891–1975), to whom he remained married until her death in 1975, raising her son Lester Layne (L.L.) Dillard Jr. as his own.

Career
Upon being admitted to Virginia bar, Tuck maintained a private legal practice in Halifax for decades, eventually with his stepson L.L. Dillard.

His career as an elected official began in 1923, when Halifax County voters elected Tuck as their delegate (a part-time position) to the Virginia General Assembly. He was re-elected once but declined to run for re-election in 1929, citing the need to grow his legal business to support his new family. However, when his elected successor died, Tuck was drafted in 1930 and served the remainder of the term. He was then elected to the Virginia Senate in 1931, where he became a friend of U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, a former governor. During the national New Deal, state Senator Tuck worked to repeal Prohibition and sponsored new child labor laws, as well as an unemployment compensation system, old age assistance and jail reforms. He also helped develop the state park system.

In 1941, Tuck sought statewide office, but Senator Byrd slated Colgate Darden to run for Governor of Virginia, so Tuck was slated for and won election as the 25th Lieutenant Governor of Virginia. He served from 1942 to 1946 under Governor Darden, and gained visibility throughout the Commonwealth. Tuck defeated his Republican opponent, S. Floyd Landreth by a 2 to 1 margin and won election as governor.

As governor from 1946 to 1950, Tuck demonstrated his fiscal conservatism as a Dixiecrat by reorganizing state government and enacting a right-to-work law. He also created a state water pollution control agency, helped reform state schools and mental hospitals, as well as constructed roads. Governor Tuck gained national exposure, however, for labor unrest in his home state. He worked with Senator Harry Byrd to oppose President Harry Truman, although a fellow Democrat, especially Truman's plan to establish a Fair Employment Practices Commission. Once, as governor, Tuck drafted workers of the Virginia Electric Power Company into the state's national guard to avoid a threatened strike in an unionization effort. Transportation and coal also experienced labor unrest.

Tuck's resumption of legal practice in South Boston after his governorship proved short-lived, for he rose within the Byrd Organization. In 1953 Tuck won election as a Democrat to U.S. Congress vacated by Thomas Bahnson Stanley who had resigned to run for Governor of Virginia. A militant segregationist, Congressman Tuck opposed most major items of civil rights legislation during the 1950s and 1960s. Like U.S. Senator Harry F. Byrd, Tuck promised "massive resistance" to the Supreme Court's 1954 and 1955 decisions banning segregation, Brown v. Board of Education, and helped draft the Stanley Plan—a series of state laws designed to legally avoid Brown, most of which were soon declared unconstitutional. Tuck was a signatory to the 1956 Southern Manifesto. Tuck voted against the Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, 1964, and 1968 as well as the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. He was a member of the U.S. House of Representative's Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC).

He was a delegate to Democratic National Conventions of 1948 and 1952, and in 1967 announced he would not seek reelection to Congress, citing health problems. He remained a power broker in the state for years. He retired from his law practice in South Boston in 1979, after suffering a stroke.

Legacy
Virginia named highway 58 in Halifax County after Tuck, and elected a historical marker in his memory.

His personal papers, including papers from his time as congressman and governor, are held by the Special Collections Research Center at the College of William & Mary. His executive papers from his time as governor are held by the Library of Virginia.

His birthplace and home Buckshoal Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1987.

Electoral history

 * 1945; Tuck was elected Governor of Virginia with 66.57% of the vote, defeating Republican Sidney Floyd Landreth and Independent Howard Hearnes Carwile.
 * 1953; Tuck was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives with 57.81% of the vote in a special election, defeating Republican Lorne R. Campbell.
 * 1954; Tuck was re-elected unopposed.
 * 1956; Tuck was re-elected unopposed.
 * 1958; Tuck was re-elected unopposed.
 * 1960; Tuck was re-elected unopposed.
 * 1962; Tuck was re-elected unopposed.
 * 1964; Tuck was re-elected with 63.47% of the vote, defeating Republican Robert L. Gilliam.
 * 1966; Tuck was re-elected with 56.18% of the vote, defeating Republican Gilliam.

title: William M. Tuck


text:
Stephen Solarz

Stephen Joshua Solarz (September 12, 1940 – November 29, 2010) was an American educator and politician who served as a United States representative from New York until his political career ended in the wake of the House banking scandal in 1992.

Solarz was active in international relations issues. In Congress, he was both an outspoken critic of President Ronald Reagan's deployment of Marines to Lebanon in 1982 and a cosponsor of the 1991 Gulf War Authorization Act during the presidency of George H. W. Bush.

Early life and education
Born in Manhattan, New York City, Solarz attended public schools in New York City. He graduated from Midwood High School in 1958, and later received a B.A. from Brandeis University in 1962 and an M.A. in public law and government from Columbia University in 1967. Solarz taught political science at Brooklyn College during the 1967–1968 academic year.

New York Assembly
In 1966, Solarz was the campaign manager for an anti-war campaign, for a U.S. House seat. He used that experience to make a successful run for the State Assembly two years later. He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1969 to 1974, sitting in the 178th, 179th and 180th New York State Legislatures.

In the 1973 Democratic primary, Solarz ran against Sebastian Leone for Brooklyn borough president, and lost. That was not unexpected; Solarz had run mostly for improved name recognition and to make political and fund-raising contacts. In 1974, he was a delegate to the Democratic National Mid-term Convention.

Election and re-elections
In September 1974, Solarz defeated incumbent Democrat Bertram L. Podell in the Democratic primary for the New York 13th District. At the time, Podell was under federal indictment; he was later convicted. In November 1974, Solarz was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, to the 94th Congress, beginning January 3, 1975. He was re-elected eight more times, serving until January 3, 1993.

Involvement in foreign policy
On July 18, 1980, Solarz became the first American public official to visit North Korea since the end of the Korean War, and the first to meet with Kim Il-sung. In the 1980s, he chaired the Asian and Pacific Affairs Subcommittee of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, an area of growing interest to the American people in that decade. He is remembered for his leadership on the Philippines. He left Manila just as Benigno S. Aquino Jr. was coming home to challenge President Ferdinand E. Marcos. Following Aquino's assassination, Solarz returned to Manila for the funeral and proceeded to push the Reagan administration to distance itself from the Marcos government. Shortly after Marcos left for exile in Hawaii, Solarz visited one of his opulent palaces and publicized Imelda Marcos's massive shoe collection. He worked closely with Aquino's widow, Corazon, who became president, and who dubbed him the "Lafayette of the Philippines."

Solarz had strong ties to India and was held in high esteem by Indian leaders across the political spectrum. His motivations were partly driven by the presence of prosperous Indian Americans in his district. He visited India dozens of times, during and after his term in Congress, and once received a standing ovation on the floor of the Indian Parliament, as has happened to only a few Westerners, such as Presidents Bill Clinton and John F. Kennedy. He received bipartisan credit for having helped set the stage for substantial improvements in U.S.-India relations since the 1990s.

In 1982 and 1986, Solarz met with Iraqi president Saddam Hussein. In 1998, he co-signed — along with several neoconservative intellectuals — an open letter sent to president Bill Clinton, declaring that Saddam Hussein still held chemical and biological weapons, with no intention to give them up. The open letter went on to urge the president to use military force to overthrow Saddam.

Loss in primary, 1992
The round of redistricting following the 1990 Census divided his district into six pieces, reflecting his cold relations with many state lawmakers in Albany. After conducting extensive polling, Solarz decided that rather than challenge Democratic incumbent Ted Weiss or Republican incumbent S. William Green, he would seek election to the open seat in the heavily Hispanic 12th Congressional District. Solarz entered the race damaged by the House banking scandal, having written 743 overdrafts; he was not charged, but his wife pled guilty to two criminal charges of writing bad checks on their joint account. Solarz was defeated in the Democratic primary by Nydia Velazquez. Neither Weiss nor Green were re-elected, as Weiss died before the election and was replaced on the ballot by Jerrold Nadler, while Green was defeated by Democrat Carolyn Maloney.

Post-Congressional career
In 1993, Solarz was appointed as chairman of the U.S. government-funded Central Asian-American Enterprise Fund by President Bill Clinton to bring private sector development to Central Asia. He remained in this role until 1998.

In 1994, Solarz was a leading candidate to be nominated as the United States Ambassador to India. However, Solarz was forced to withdraw from consideration after scrutiny of his efforts to obtain a visa for a Hong Kong businessman with a criminal record. Solarz's poor relations with members of the United States Foreign Service and the New York state political establishment were also identified as reasons for the failure of his nomination. The post instead went to Frank G. Wisner.

From 1994 until his death, Solarz remained active with the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs. He was also a member of the Intellibridge Expert Network and of the executive committee of the International Crisis Group. Along with Zbigniew Brzezinski, Solarz served as co-chairman of the American Committee for Peace in the Caucasus.

Solarz served on the board of directors of the National Endowment for Democracy from 1992 to 2001, and was awarded its Democracy Service Medal on retirement. He was also a founding member of the board of directors of the Hollings Center for International Dialogue, helping to establish the organization's presence in Turkey, and served until his death in 2010.

Awards

 * Democracy Service Medal (2001), National Endowment for Democracy

Death
Solarz died of esophageal cancer on November 29, 2010, in Washington, D.C., at the age of 70. He was buried at the Congressional Cemetery in Washington, D.C.

title: Stephen Solarz


text:
Talk:Battle of Ulundi

Confusing sentence
I can't make out what the last clauses in this sentence ("same number of dead are believed to have been wounded") refers to:

"British casualties were ten killed and eighty-seven wounded, while over a thousand Zulu dead were counted around the square, with about five hundred dying in the pursuit and as a result of wounds, and the same number of dead are believed to have been wounded." —Preceding unsigned comment added by Gaintes (talk • contribs) 01:56, 1 May 2008 (UTC)

I have removed
these lines added by 168.209.98.35:

 * The Zulu warriors was armed with a short stabbing spear and protected with a raw hide shield.

Because I do not think it belongs in the middle of a paragraph on the structure of the British force.

 * This time the British soldiers made sure that the ammunition boxes could be opened, not making the same mistake twice. During the Isandlwana battle on the previous campain the veteran British forces were dessimated by the Zulu warriors because of this small oversight.

The importance of the ammunition boxes at Isandlwana is disputed and this is discussed in that battle's article. I don't think the line really belongs in the article, as the ammunition boxes are not something considered important in the British victory at Ulundi, and their significance at Isandlwana is debatable.

I have cleaned up 168.209.98.35's other additions and removed 'great' from the line about Nelson Mandela. I've posted this so if someone disagrees with my removal of these lines, we can discuss it here. Cheers, --Loopy 00:30, 21 November 2005 (UTC)

Assegais or rifles?
Our article repeatedly alludes to the Zulus being armed only with spears. But our first reference notes that Cetshwayo had purchased "tens of thousands of muskets and rifles" and captured a thousand Martini-Henry rifles. Since their army was 20,000 strong, surely it seems likely that most of the Zulus were armed with firearms? -- Securiger 07:01, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

Irrelevant and PV remark removed
Removed the snide anti-white comparison between Mandela's and Cetshwayo's imprisonment: "...[Cetshwayo was] sent into exile on Robben Island, near Cape Town - the same island Nelson Mandela would be imprisoned on 87 years later." Not only completely irrelevant, but seems to make a direct comparison between the actions of the British and the Aparteid regime. Mandela was an arguably unjustly incarcerated political prisoner; Cetshwayo was the defeated leader of a belligerent and brutal civilisation. Comparison is unfair and POV.

Qualifying Cetshwayo as leader of a "belligerent and brutal civilisation" is securely a POV. I do not know how the african people feel about, but I would not be surprised if they see Cetshwayo as the leader of the resistence against "belligerent and brutal" British imperialism. M.Campos (talk) 14:28, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

The comparison doesn't seem to be NPOV at all - it's an interesting parallel, which wikipedia articles are full of. And your own description of Mandela ironically highlights the similarities - after all, considering the pretext for the British invasion, it's fair to say imho that Cetshwayo was the leader of an unjustly invaded nation. The comparison was certainly not 'anti-white' - though from personal experience I'd say the knee-jerk reaction to it was, as there's a lot of overly sensitive white people when it comes to the history of colonialism and South Africa who can't seem to handle even the suggestion of a critique. And they'll find NPOV statements wherever they look due to their paranoia. I say this as a white guy myself. 86.142.246.130 (talk) 01:18, 24 June 2009 (UTC)

Is this original?
I don't know if it is just me, but this seems to be narrated or copied straight out of a book. Should there be some type of reference to original sources? Disregard this message if it's not true, but the style of writing seems to indicate this. Mulyahnto 19:42, 22 January 2007 (UTC)Mulyahnto

Zulu Strenght
While infobox states Zulu strenght of 25.000, the "Battle" section mentions "The entire Zulu Army, 50,000 strong,...". Does someone know the correct number? M.Campos (talk) 14:14, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

Range
This appears in 'The battle' section, para 4: "...the four ranks of the infantry with the front two kneeling, opened fire at 2,000 yards into the advancing Zulu ranks." Is 2,000 yards correct? It looks a tad optimistic, to say the least. Even Hollywood might think twice before depicting standing and kneeling troops engaging targets more than a mile away! And the British Army had not long given up their muskets which were inaccurate beyond about 150 yards.

It seems to me that there is a 'zero' too many in the distance stated. 200 yards would be more like it.

What do other editors think?

RASAM (talk) 23:17, 1 June 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Battle of Ulundi


text: Talk:Battle of Tsuntua

title: Talk:Battle of Tsuntua


text: Talk:Siege of Béxar

title: Talk:Siege of Béxar


text:
Talk:Battle of Peralta

Union victory
I have read about this engagement, in the accounts I studied, they say the rebels repelled the union forces but then retreated after the battle was over, resulting in a tactical Confederate victory and a Union strategic victory. Does anyone else have any information that can confirm the accounts I have studied? --Az81964444 (talk) 22:12, 9 October 2009 (UTC)
 * This seems to square with the account in the article. One might note that the USA force achieved their goal of continuing to harass the CSA force, and the CSA force did not in this instance achieve their goal of recuperating after the battle at Glorieta Pass. Arlo James Barnes 15:34, 28 September 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Battle of Peralta


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Madison Grant/archive1

Madison Grant
I've been kicking this article around for awhile, and I'd be interested in hearing ways it could be improved or restructered by outside parties. It could also probably use some copy editing, if you're up for that. I think this fellow is a strange and overlooked figured in U.S. history, and take some pride in the fact that, even in a disorganized and incomplete state, our Wikipedia article is more comprehensive (and tries to be fairly NPOV, though improvements in that direction might be warranted too) than anything else about him on the internet. Your advice for improvement is humbly requested. --Fastfission 17:51, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Really intersting topic- the article does do a good job of staying neutral. First up the lead needs to be expanded to summarise the articles content. In the early life section I think the reason why his first politicial association was impotant should be explained- and there needs to be something added to lead into the remainder of the article. One things that I think needs some clarification is this sentence:
 * his work as a conservationist has been somewhat ignored and obscured, as many organizations with which he was once associated do not generally want to overstress their connections with him
 * would it be possible to back this up with a specific reference or some other form of evidence? It'd probably be good to provide some specific examples of scholars that use him as an example too. I've added a few little things from his entry in the American National Biography - I can send you the text if you don't have access, just email me.--nixie 05:30, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks, those are some good things to think about. --Fastfission 18:17, 9 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
Alexander Mackennal

Alexander Mackennal (14 January 1835 – 23 June 1904) was a British Nonconformist minister.

Life
He was born at Truro in Cornwall, the son of Patrick Mackennal, a Scot, who had settled there. In 1848 the family removed to London, and at sixteen he went to the University of Glasgow. In 1854 he entered Hackney College to prepare for the Congregational ministry, and in 1857 he graduated BA at the University of London. After holding pastorates at Burton upon Trent (1856–1861), Surbiton (1862–1870), Leicester (1870–1876), he finally accepted the pastorate of the Congregational Church at Bowdon, Cheshire, in 1877, in which he remained till his death.

In 1886, he was chairman of the Congregational Union, which he represented in 1889 at the triannual national council of the American Congregational churches. The first international council of Congregationalists held in London in 1891 was partly cause, partly consequence, of his visit, and Mackennal acted as secretary. In 1892 he became definitely associated in the public mind with a movement for free church federation which grew out of a series of meetings held to discuss the question of home reunion.

When the Lambeth articles put forward as a basis of union were discussed, it was evident that all the free churches were agreed in accepting the three articles dealing with the Bible, the Creed and the Sacraments as a basis of discussion, and were also agreed in rejecting the fourth article, which put the historic episcopate on the same level as the other three. Omitting the Anglicans, the representatives of the remaining churches resolved to develop Christian fellowship by united action and worship wherever possible.

Out of this grew the Free Church Federation, which secures a measure of co-operation between the Protestant Evangelical churches throughout England. Mackennal's public action brought him into association with many well-known political and religious leaders. He was a lifelong advocate of international peace, and made a remarkable declaration as to the Christian standard of national action when the Free Church Federation met at Leeds during the South African War in 1900.

Besides a volume of sermons under the title Christ's Healing Touch, Mackennal published The Biblical Scheme of Nature and of Man, The Christian Testimony, the Letters to the Seven Churches of Asia, The Kingdom of the Lord Jesus and The Eternal God and the Human Sonship. These are contributions to exegetical study or to theological and progressive religious thought, and have elements of permanent value.

He also made some useful contributions to religious history. In 1893 he published the Story of the English Separatists, and later the Homes and Haunts of the Pilgrim Fathers; he also wrote the life of Dr JA Macfadyen of Manchester. In 1901 he delivered a series of lectures at Hartford Theological Seminary, Connecticut, USA, published under the title The Evolution of Congregationalism. He died at Highgate on 23 June 1904. See D. Macfadyen, Life and Letters of Alexander Mackennal (1905).

title: Alexander Mackennal


text:
1987 CFL season

The 1987 CFL season is considered to be the 34th season in modern-day Canadian football, although it is officially the 30th Canadian Football League season.

CFL News in 1987
The Canadian Football League celebrated the 75th Annual Grey Cup game at BC Place Stadium on Sunday, November 29.

The Canadian Football Network, which was syndicated on Canadian television stations, was created by the league, taking the place of CTV, which ended its partnership with the CFL the previous season. The CFL experimented with their blackout policy by blacking out four televised games in both, Hamilton and Toronto (two in Hamilton and two in Toronto). The cable outlet TSN also began broadcasting the CFL in 1987, gaining the rights to games that had been passed on by CBC and CFN; TSN has aired CFL games ever since, eventually becoming the exclusive broadcaster in 2008. The CFL made money off the CBC and TSN agreements, money that largely covered the startup costs for CFN for the first year.

Game rosters were revised from 35 to 34 that included 19 Non-Imports, 13 Imports and 2 Quarterbacks. The reserve list was increased from three to four. Even with these reductions, all eight remaining CFL teams lost money.

After losing money for three years, Charles Bronfman sold the Concordes to Norm Kimball, who renamed them the Alouettes the previous year to renew interest in the team, but after losing money during the 1986 season, and playing before sparse Olympic Stadium crowds of less than 10,000, he, along with the CFL folded the Montreal Alouettes for the second time, this time for good on June 24 (the first week of the regular season), after the team played two preseason games on the road. With the team's demise the CFL (reduced to eight teams) revised the season schedule and moved the Winnipeg Blue Bombers to the East Division to balance out the divisions. The Alouettes, however, would return in 1996 when the CFL's American operations ended with the Baltimore Stallions moving to Montreal to become the third and current incarnation of the team.

In January 1987, the league rejected a proposal from Arizona Outlaws owner Bill Tatham to allow the Outlaws, then without a league after the collapse of the United States Football League, to play in the CFL.

The single-elimination Semi-Final/Final playoff format (in use since 1972) that was scrapped last season in favour of the "total point series" format was restored; the crossover playoff format was not revisited until 1997.

Final regular season standings
Note: GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, PF = Points For, PA = Points Against, Pts = Points

 * Bold text means that they have clinched the playoffs.
 * BC and Winnipeg have first round byes.

Grey Cup playoffs
The Edmonton Eskimos are the 1987 Grey Cup champions, defeating the Toronto Argonauts 38–36, at Vancouver's BC Place Stadium. This game eventually became the battle of the backups when starters, Matt Dunigan and Gilbert Renfroe became injured leaving backups Damon Allen and Danny Barrett to take over. The Eskimos' Damon Allen (QB) was named the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Player on Offence and Stewart Hill (DE) was named Grey Cup's Most Valuable Player on Defence, while Milson Jones (RB) was named the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Canadian.

CFL Leaders

 * CFL Passing Leaders
 * CFL Rushing Leaders
 * CFL Receiving Leaders

Offence

 * QB – Tom Clements, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * RB – Willard Reaves, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * RB – Gill Fenerty, Toronto Argonauts
 * SB – Darrell Smith, Toronto Argonauts
 * SB – Perry Tuttle, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * WR – Brian Kelly, Edmonton Eskimos
 * WR – Jim Sandusky, BC Lions
 * C – Rod Connop, Edmonton Eskimos
 * OG – Roger Aldag, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * OG – Dan Ferrone, Toronto Argonauts
 * OT – Chris Walby, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * OT – Chris Schultz, Toronto Argonauts

Defence

 * DT – Mike Walker, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * DT – Jerald Baylis, Toronto Argonauts
 * DE – Greg Stumon, BC Lions
 * DE – Bobby Jurasin, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * LB – James West, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * LB – Tyrone Jones, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * LB – Kevin Konar, BC Lions
 * CB – Roy Bennett, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CB – James Jefferson, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DB – Larry Crawford, BC Lions
 * DB – Ken Hailey, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * S – Scott Flagel, Winnipeg Blue Bombers

Special teams

 * P – Hank Ilesic, Toronto Argonauts
 * K – Dave Ridgway, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * ST – Henry "Gizmo" Williams, Edmonton Eskimos

Offence

 * QB – Tom Clements, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * RB – Willard Reaves, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * RB – Gill Fenerty, Toronto Argonauts
 * SB – Darrell Smith, Toronto Argonauts
 * SB – Perry Tuttle, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * WR – James Murphy, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * WR – Steve Stapler, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * C – Ian Beckstead, Toronto Argonauts
 * OG – Nick Bastaja, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * OG – Dan Ferrone, Toronto Argonauts
 * OT – Chris Walby, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * OT – Chris Schultz, Toronto Argonauts

Defence

 * DT – Mike Walker, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * DT – Jearld Baylis, Toronto Argonauts
 * DE – Grover Covington, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * DE – Rodney Harding, Toronto Argonauts
 * LB – James West, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * LB – Tyrone Jones, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * LB – Frank Robinson, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * CB – Roy Bennett, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CB – James Jefferson, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DB – Howard Fields, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * DB – Ken Hailey, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * S – Scott Flagel, Winnipeg Blue Bombers

Special teams

 * P – Hank Ilesic, Toronto Argonauts
 * K – Dean Dorsey, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * ST – Darnell Clash, Toronto Argonauts

Offence

 * QB – Roy Dewalt, BC Lions
 * RB – Gary Allen, Calgary Stampeders
 * RB – Walter Bender (Canadian football), Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * SB – Ray Elgaard, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * SB – Emanuel Tolbert, Calgary Stampeders
 * WR – Brian Kelly, Edmonton Eskimos
 * WR – Jim Sandusky, BC Lions
 * C – Rod Connop, Edmonton Eskimos
 * OG – Roger Aldag, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * OG – Gerald Roper, BC Lions
 * OT – John Blain, BC Lions
 * OT – Hec Pothier, Edmonton Eskimos

Defence

 * DT – James Curry, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * DT – Harold Hallman, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Greg Stumon, BC Lions
 * DE – Bobby Jurasin, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * LB – Dan Bass, Edmonton Eskimos
 * LB – Glen Jackson, BC Lions
 * LB – Kevin Konar, BC Lions
 * CB – Keith Gooch, BC Lions
 * CB – Harry Skipper, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * DB – Larry Crawford, BC Lions
 * DB – Melvin Byrd, BC Lions
 * S – Nelson Martin, BC Lions

Special teams

 * P – Glenn Harper, Calgary Stampeders
 * K – Dave Ridgway, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * ST – Henry "Gizmo" Williams, Edmonton Eskimos

1987 CFL Awards

 * CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award – Tom Clements (QB), Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award – Scott Flagel (DS), Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award – Greg Stumon (DE), BC Lions
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award – Chris Walby (OT), Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Rookie Award – Gill Fenerty (RB), Toronto Argonauts
 * CFLPA's Outstanding Community Service Award – Nick Arakgi (DE), Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CFL's Coach of the Year – Bob O'Billovich, Toronto Argonauts

title: 1987 CFL season


text:
West Virginia Route 92

West Virginia Route 92 is a north–south state highway located in West Virginia, US. The southern terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 60 in White Sulphur Springs a half-mile northwest of Interstate 64 exit 181. The northern terminus is at West Virginia Route 7 in Reedsville.

title: West Virginia Route 92


text:
Seven-star Cave

Seven-star Cave is an extensive limestone cave complex in Seven-star Park, both of which are popular tourist attractions in the city of Guilin in Guangxi Autonomous Region in China. The name derives from the fact the main karst limestone peaks form roughly the same pattern as the stars of the Big Dipper constellation. The earliest exploration of Seven-star Cave dates back to the Tang dynasty, about 1,300 years ago. The name can also be rendered Seven Stars Cave, Cave of Seven Stars, etc.

The cave has a year-round temperature of about 20 Celsius. The maximum ceiling height inside is 27 metres, and the maximum width is 49 metres. A concrete and stone tour path of approximately 1,000 metres runs through the cave between its entrance and exit points. Artificial lighting for walkways and displays is staged throughout, including colored accents, and various formations have been given names such as "A Natural Fresco" and "The Chessboard". During the Japanese invasion of China in World War II, Guilin residents took refuge in the cave complex.

The cave has scheduled tours about once per hour, conducted in Mandarin Chinese, usually with a megaphone irrespective of group size, explaining in detail the origins of various formation names, such as a dragon eating a bear, or a bear catching a tiger. The tour cannot easily be walked independently of groups, since the lights inside the cave are turned off behind the groups as they walk away. Signs are posted in both Chinese and English and takes typically 30–60 minutes.

Like most parks in Guilin, the cave complex maintains an entrance fee, costing 30 RMB beyond the basic park entrance fee of 75 RMB.

title: Seven-star Cave


text:
San Gabriel Unified School District

San Gabriel Unified School District, also known as SGUSD, is a public school district that serves the community of San Gabriel, California. It is located in the San Gabriel Valley area. SGUSD separated itself from the Alhambra Unified School District. This is a rather small district which has only one middle school and one high school. Del Mar High is a continuation school which provides service to the students who have discipline and/or grade problems or are behind credits to graduation.

The district includes most of San Gabriel as well as sections of Rosemead, East San Gabriel, and Temple City.

History
In September 1994, with the opening of Gabrielino High School, SGUSD underwent a major restructuring, with Jefferson Middle School including the 6th to 8th grades (instead of the 7th to 9th) and Gabrielino High School taking the responsibility of the 9th graders.

Board of education
San Gabriel Unified School District's board of education is composed of five members, elected at-large to a four-year term. Starting with the November 2018 elections, it will be held on a first Tuesday after the first Monday in November of even-numbered years to coincide with the Los Angeles County, California and federal general elections.

Schools
SGUSD operates one high school, one middle school, and five elementary schools.

High schools

 * Gabrielino High School
 * Del Mar High School

Middle schools

 * Jefferson Middle School

Elementary schools

 * McKinley Elementary School
 * Coolidge Elementary School
 * Wilson Elementary School
 * Washington Elementary School
 * Roosevelt Elementary School

title: San Gabriel Unified School District


text: User talk:82.19.14.33

title: User talk:82.19.14.33


text: Category:A1 Grand Prix seasons

title: Category:A1 Grand Prix seasons


text:
Sentinel Peak

Sentinel Peak, Sentinel Mountain, or variations, may refer to:
 * Sentinel Peak (Antarctica)
 * Sentinel Range, Antarctica
 * Sentinel Peak (Alberta), Canada
 * Sentinel Peak (Adamant Range), Canada
 * Sentinel Peak (British Columbia), Canada
 * El Centinela (Baja California, Mexico)
 * El Centinella (Colima, Mexico)
 * Sentinel Peak (New Zealand)
 * Sentinel Peak (Drakensberg, South Africa)
 * United States
 * Sentinel Peak (Alaska)
 * Sentinel Peak (Arizona)
 * Sentinel Peak (Inyo County, California)
 * Sentinel Peak (Tulare County, California)
 * Sentinel Peak (Colorado)
 * Sentinel Peak (Idaho)
 * Sentinel Peak (Montana)
 * Sentinel Peak (Nevada)
 * Sentinel Peak (New Mexico)
 * Sentinel Peak (Oregon)
 * Sentinel Peak (Washington) in the North Cascades
 * Sentinel Peak (Jefferson County, Washington) in the Olympic Mountains

title: Sentinel Peak


text:
School Without Walls (Washington, D.C.)

 School Without Walls High School (SWW) is a small public magnet high school in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington, D.C. It is colloquially referred to by students and faculty as "Walls." The school is based on a concept in urban education that encourages students to "use the city as a classroom," which is the origin of its name.

SWW offers a college-preparatory academic curriculum with 22 AP courses. It is part of the District of Columbia Public Schools (DCPS) system and draws students from all parts of the city. Applicants must earn at least a 3.0 GPA in seventh grade and the beginning of their eighth-grade year. In the application process, prospective students complete an interview with teachers and current students.

As part of the school's partnership with George Washington University, teachers and students are able to take dual enrollment classes at the university. Students in the GW Early College Program graduate with a high school diploma from School Without Walls and Associate of Arts degree from George Washington University.

History
The school was established in 1971 following the model of the Parkway Program in the School District of Philadelphia. The goal was to create a learning environment that offered an alternative to the conventional programs. They started with fifty students, six teachers, and one administrator.

The school is located on the George Washington University (GWU) campus, on G Street intersecting 21st Street NW. Founded in 1971, the School Without Walls was initially located on the 8th floor of 1411 K St., an office building. In the fall of 1973, the school relocated to 10th and H Streets, NW, where SWW shared space with the Webster Girls School program, a program for pregnant teens. It then moved to 1619 M St., NW, in the mid-'70s. In August 2007, Walls was relocated to Capitol Hill in the Logan School building on G Street NE between Second and Third Streets NE (near Union Station and adjacent to the Securities & Exchange Commission headquarters). This temporary home was used for two years while the original building was renovated. The Logan School was renovated—including a new roof and internal work—during the summer of 2007 to accept students. In August 2009, The School Without Walls moved back into the Grant School following an opening ceremony by Mayor Adrian Fenty, DCPS chancellor Michelle Rhee and GWU President Steven Knapp.

In August 2011, School Without Walls was forced to temporarily close because of damage sustained to the building's walls and roof during the earthquake and Hurricane Irene a few days later.

Despite resistance from parents and students, SWW merged with the nearby Francis-Stevens Education Campus, renamed School Without Walls at Francis Stevens, in 2014. Francis-Stevens, which serves preschool through eighth grade, was under-enrolled and slated for closure, while the School Without Walls building was too small for the student body. The two schools now share an administration, though Francis-Stevens is non-selective, and graduates are not guaranteed entrance to School Without Walls High School. SWW students do not take classes at Francis-Stevens, because of the distance between the buildings and because Francis-Stevens quickly became more popular, attaining a waitlist of over 900 in 2016.

Admissions
In 2010, 52% of SWW freshmen came from DCPS middle schools and 33% from charter middle schools. The school received more than 1,300 applications for 140 spots in the freshman class for the 2018-19 school year.

During the 2020–2021 school year, SWW students were 48% White, 25% Black, 12% Hispanic/Latino, 8% Asian, and 6% multiracial. The student body was also 12% economically disadvantaged and 60% female.

SWW has the lowest numbers of minority and at-risk students among DCPS high schools. In 2019, DCPS rolled out a pilot program to allow students ranked in the top 15 at their schools to take the SWW admissions test even if they had not met the minimum criteria of meeting or exceeding expectations on the PARCC. The objective was to determine if relaxing standardized testing requirements would diversify the SWW student body. However, as DCPS did not inform prospective parents of the program, the 226 students affected were not ultimately permitted to take the admissions test.

Extracurricular activities
Walls competes in the DCIAA and offers the following sports: baseball, basketball, bowling, cheerleading, cross-country, flag football, golf, indoor track, lacrosse, outdoor track, soccer, squash, swimming, softball, tennis, ultimate frisbee, and weightlifting. Before the school adopted the penguin as its mascot, its teams were informally called the Walls.

The SWW volleyball team won the school's first DCIAA title in 1997. The Track and Field team went to the Penn Relay 2011. The softball team won the citywide championship in 2011 and 2012.

A Walls student won Gatorade Player of the Year for Girls Outdoor Track and Field in 2017, the first time a Walls student won that award in any sport.

Campus

The School Without Walls facility, historically known as the Ulysses S. Grant School, is located in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood.

The building was badly deteriorated before being taken over by School Without Walls. There was extensive water damage throughout the school, the brick facade needed to be repainted, and the slate roof was steadily losing its shingles. On February 13, 2006, the D.C. City Council and the George Washington University Board of Trustees approved a deal for $12 million to renovate and expand the school building in exchange for the transfer of the school's rear parking lot property to the university.

The old facade was kept intact while the inside was renovated and remodeled. A new building was added as an additional wing to accommodate increasing enrollment.

Awards and recognition
Walls was named a National Blue Ribbon School on September 9, 2010, one of 304 schools nationwide. Art students have won numerous awards for their artwork—including 2011's National Cherry Blossom Festival Youth Poster Contest.

Rankings
In its public high school rankings for 2021 and 2022, U.S. News & World Report placed Walls first in the District of Columbia and ninetieth in the United States. The 2019 high school rankings from Niche listed Walls as the best public high school in the District of Columbia and the 36th best public magnet high school in the United States.

Test scores
Walls has had the highest average SAT scores among DCPS high schools since the district began publishing data in 2013. The school's averaged combined score was 1272 in 2018. In 2018, 80% of Walls students who took an AP exam earned a passing score of at least 3.

School Without Walls at Francis-Stevens
School Without Walls at Francis-Stevens is a pre-K 3 to 8th-grade school that shares an administration with School Without Walls High School. It is located in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood and operated by DC Public Schools. Unlike the high school, it is a traditional public school that primarily accepts students based on its enrollment boundary. Students may also enroll through the D.C. School Lottery if there is available space. Middle school graduates are not guaranteed a place at School Without Walls High School. Instead, they feed into Cardozo Education Campus for ninth grade. Ross and Thomson elementary school graduates may transfer to Francis-Stevens in sixth grade.

The school had issues with low enrollment for decades, creating the first extended-day program in the District of Columbia in 1977 in an effort to appeal to parents who worked in the neighborhood. The persistent problem led to the merger of Thaddeus Stevens Elementary School and Francis Junior High School in 2008 and then the decision to close Francis-Stevens Education Campus in 2014.

Notable alumni

 * Rajah Caruth, Class of 2020, NASCAR driver
 * Janeese Lewis George, Class of 2006, DC councilmember from Ward 4

title: School Without Walls (Washington, D.C.)


text:
UZB

UZB or uzb may be:
 * an abbreviation for Uzbekistan, a country in Central Asia
 * the ICAO code for Uzbekistan Airways, the national airline of Uzbekistan
 * the ISO 639 code for the Uzbek language

title: UZB