text:
Talk:Oxnard, California

New section
Since stated a fair point and deleted the neighborhoods list, I'm thinking that instead of an urban environment section, the article can have a layout section, where information on the more notable places in Oxnard. This was originally Fettlemap's idea. Evancahill (talk) 15:38, 11 July 2016 (UTC)
 * , WikiProject Cities/US Guideline suggests using the Geography section that already exists. Wikipedia tries to be international-friendly by using a similar layout for articles about similar topics such as cities. I am suggesting that while most neighborhoods are not notably different, there are a few that are distinctive. These neighborhoods would also appear in some references (not just the city general plan) since they are of interest. Here are two samples that were rated as Good articles: Amarillo, Texas and Buford, Georgia. Cheers, Fettlemap (talk) 17:00, 11 July 2016 (UTC)
 * OK, . I would go more along the lines of the Amarillo article if it were my choice, though, so the article can be easier to organize and navigate. Thanks. Evancahill (talk) 19:16, 11 July 2016 (UTC)

Cityscape draft
Oxnard is a combination of neighborhoods, and urban development focused on the downtown, coastline, and harbor areas. The city's main land uses are industrial, residential, commercial, and open space. The city is characterized by one and two-story buildings, the only exception being several high rises in the northern part of the city. The city is surrounded by agricultural land and the Pacific Ocean, as well as the Santa Clara River. The city's primary development lies along Highway 101 and the other main roads.

The Henry T. Oxnard Historic District is a 70 acre historic district that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Oxnard. Covering approximately F and G Sts., between Palm and 5th Sts., in the city, the district includes 139 contributing buildings and includes homes mostly built before 1925. It contains Craftsman and Revival architecture in abundance.

Ormond Beach is a beach along the Oxnard coast. The beach, which stretches for two miles, adjoins the Ormond Wetlands, some farmland, and power plant remains. It covers the area in between Points Hueneme and Mugu, and is a well-known birding area. The beach historically contained marshes, salt flat, sloughs, and lagoons, but surrounding agriculture and industry have drained, filled, and degraded the beach and wetlands. However, there is still a dune-transition zone-marsh system along much of the beach.

I have a new draft here, with information on more notable neighborhoods. Hope this works. Evancahill (talk) 21:45, 11 July 2016 (UTC)

I updated the draft, and I think it will work fine. What about you? Evancahill (talk) 03:40, 23 July 2016 (UTC)

, I was very surprised that while asking for comments here, you put back a poorly worded and inaccurate description with this edit. As you are aware, this is a major issue with your editing. Rather than learning from experienced editors, you add citation needed which is supposed to be placed by editors to allow time for the contributor to provide a reference from something that the editor thinks is original research. So if you add the above paragraph to the article, what will you do when experienced editors besides those on this thread give it a close look? You recently reverted an edit by an experienced editor who carefully explained that the reason on the Great Wall article. I don't think you have taken the encouragement yet to improve your editing. Fettlemap (talk) 17:54, 23 July 2016 (UTC)

OK, a couple things. First of all, I explained why I reverted the Great Wall edit. The newer picture was higher quality, and captured more of the Great Wall than the old pic. The older one only captured a tower in it, while the new one captured much more of the wall. And second of all, I don't understand what you mean by "what will you do when experienced editors besides those on this thread give it a close look?". Evancahill (talk) 18:53, 30 July 2016 (UTC)

, You ask what I mean by "what will you do when experienced editors besides those on this thread give it a close look?" You are very quick to revert, try a week to be a thoughtful editor and do not click on undo. See what you can learn by observation rather than reacting quickly. Don't be defensive. Just stop arguing and defending. Instead of replying to this, spend a week reading WP:EDIT. Think about what you can learn from this and not what others should be doing. Cheers, Fettlemap (talk) 05:25, 31 July 2016 (UTC)

K. Evancahill (talk) 18:25, 31 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians, I have just modified 6 external links on Oxnard, California. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes: When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141103002921/http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc to http://www.calafco.org/docs/Cities_by_incorp_date.doc
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150831044558/http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk to http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=bkmk
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090823033732/http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/ASP/CPC_ViewProfile.asp?CPCNum=475 to http://www.centerforplantconservation.org/ASP/CPC_ViewProfile.asp?CPCNum=475
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20160602200744/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/69hd5KAIE?url=http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html to http://www.census.gov/population/www/documentation/twps0076/twps0076.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.goventura.org/?q=travel-ventura%2Fvista%2Froutes-schedules%2Froutes%2Fvista-coastal-express-northbound-weekday

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"The Jiminy Conjecture" (2009)
Since there is only this one place by the name Oxnard, I don't get the pun "We're not talking Oxnard at the beach. No! We're talking Oxnard in the onion fields!" by the entomology professor. Thank you very much in advance for an enlightening comment. --Kolya (talk) 17:47, 11 July 2019 (UTC)

Main image at top of article is not of Oxnard
The pier and cityscape shown in the photo currently displayed at the top of the article are in downtown Ventura, not Oxnard. I've been there frequently and recognized them instantly. That's the Ventura Pier, and the Crowne Plaza Ventura Beach Hotel to the left of it. Ventura Pier on Google Maps — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:6C51:717F:316B:589C:98F7:86E6:1308 (talk) 01:54, 17 March 2021 (UTC)
 * You are correct; I know it too. Wow, not sure how long this has been here. Antandrus (talk) 01:57, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

Requested move 11 January 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: not moved. Consensus that WP:USPLACE should continue to be observed for this article. (non-admin closure) ModernDayTrilobite (talk • contribs) 16:45, 18 January 2023 (UTC)

Oxnard, California → Oxnard – Target already redirects to page with no obvious competitors for primary subject, making ", California" an unnecessary disambiguation. QuietHere (talk) 08:19, 11 January 2023 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * WP:USPLACE In ictu oculi (talk) 08:39, 11 January 2023 (UTC)
 * I've gotta be honest, I do not understand what that rule means, and I'm not entirely sure it makes sense. Why shouldn't the city in Tennessee be the primary topic under Nashville? If it's just gonna land in the same place, why wouldn't that fall directly under WP:TITLEDAB #1? And why wouldn't the same apply to pages such as Los Angeles or Chicago? QuietHere (talk) 12:22, 11 January 2023 (UTC)
 * WP:USPLACE means that all US cities are titled Cityname, Statename, even when that means adding unnecessary disambiguation. If you think that doesn't make sense, you're not alone, as it is a WP:PERENNIAL topic.  See WT:Naming conventions (geographic names). 162 etc. (talk) 18:17, 11 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose per WP:USPLACE. Rreagan007 (talk) 17:53, 11 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose per comments by In ictu oculi and 162 etc. as well as vote by Rreagan007. Here (near the bottom) is a list of the 28 cities whose English Wikipedia main title headers and links dispense with the state identifier. The 30-city list also includes two cities (Phoenix and Washington) that Wikipedia, however, styles as Phoenix, Arizona and Washington, D.C.. —Roman Spinner (talk • contribs) 20:38, 11 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Support as per WP:CONCISE, which should always overrule WP:USPLACE, a bizarre guideline that is completely against Wikipedia practice for almost literally every other topic. Red   Slash  23:10, 11 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Part of the rationale of WP:USPLACE is explained on Perennial proposals. But the main takeaway I have is basically this: most reliable sources published nationally in the US will usually first refer to it as "Oxnard, California", appending the state as if it was common usage in American English, before later referring to it as "Oxnard" like it was some sort of abbreviation. And always appending the state produces a consistent and predictable set of titles (see also WP:TITLECON), because repeated or otherwise ambiguous placenames are very common in the US, and thus most would require disambiguation regardless. The only cities that do not seem to have this peculiar convention seem to be those 28 or so cities (like Los Angeles and Chicago) listed by that AP Stylebook. But take almost all other cities in California, and nationally published reliable sources would still refer to them as "[X, California]" regardless of any unnecessary disambiguation here on Wikipedia. Zzyzx11 (talk) 03:52, 12 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Oxnard, California


text:
Brendon Bracewell

Brendon Paul Bracewell (born 14 September 1959) is a former New Zealand Test cricketer. Born in Auckland, he is the younger brother of John Bracewell. He was educated at Tauranga Boys' College and was in the 1st XI from 1974 to 1978. He frequently suffered injuries throughout his playing career. Bracewell also played rugby for King Country and for Western Australia.

Bracewell operates Bracewell Cricket Academy, a private cricket coaching academy based in Napier. His son Doug Bracewell plays for Central Districts and the New Zealand cricket team.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Brendon Bracewell


text:
David Rumelhart

David Everett Rumelhart (June 12, 1942 – March 13, 2011) was an American psychologist who made many contributions to the formal analysis of human cognition, working primarily within the frameworks of mathematical psychology, symbolic artificial intelligence, and parallel distributed processing. He also admired formal linguistic approaches to cognition, and explored the possibility of formulating a formal grammar to capture the structure of stories.

Early life and education
Rumelhart was born in Mitchell, South Dakota on June 12, 1942. His parents were Everett Leroy and Thelma Theora (Ballard) Rumelhart. He began his college education at the University of South Dakota, receiving a B.A. in psychology and mathematics in 1963. He studied mathematical psychology at Stanford University, receiving his Ph.D. in 1967.

Career
From 1967 to 1987 he served on the faculty of the Department of Psychology at the University of California, San Diego. In 1987 he moved to Stanford University, serving as Professor there until 1998.

Rumelhart was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1991 and received many prizes, including a MacArthur Fellowship in July 1987, the Warren Medal of the Society of Experimental Psychologists, and the APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award. Together with James McClelland, he won the 2002 University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Psychology.

Personal life
Rumelhart became disabled by Pick's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and at the end of his life lived with his brother in Ann Arbor, Michigan. He died in Chelsea, Michigan. He is survived by two sons.

Work
Rumelhart was the first author of a highly cited paper from 1985 (co-authored by Geoffrey Hinton and Ronald J. Williams) that applied the back-propagation algorithm (also known as the reverse mode of automatic differentiation published by Seppo Linnainmaa in 1970) to multi-layer neural networks. This work showed through experiments that such networks can learn useful internal representations of data. The approach has been widely used for basic cognition researches (e.g., memory, visual recognition) and practical applications. This paper, however, does not cite earlier work of the backpropagation method, such as the 1974 dissertation of Paul Werbos.

In the same year, Rumelhart also published Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the Microstructure of Cognition with James McClelland, which described their creation of computer simulations of perceptrons, giving to computer scientists their first testable models of neural processing, and which is now regarded as a central text in the field of cognitive science.

His 1986 work with McClelland ignited the "past tense debate" during the 1980s revival of neural networks. The connectionism side debated the symbolic side, represented by Jerry Fodor, Gary Marcus, Zenon Pylyshyn, Steven Pinker, etc. The debate concerned whether neural networks or symbolic programs were adequate models for how English speakers can turn a verb into its past tense.

Rumelhart's models of semantic cognition and specific knowledge in a diversity of learned domains using initially non-hierarchical neuron-like processing units continue to interest scientists in the fields of artificial intelligence, anthropology, information science, and decision science.

In his honor, in 2000 the Robert J. Glushko and Pamela Samuelson Foundation created the David E. Rumelhart Prize for Contributions to the Theoretical Foundations of Human Cognition. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Rumelhart as the 88th most cited psychologist of the 20th century, tied with John Garcia, James J. Gibson, Louis Leon Thurstone, Margaret Floy Washburn, and Robert S. Woodworth.

title: David Rumelhart


text: Category:Prefectures of Guinea

title: Category:Prefectures of Guinea


text:
Talk:BBC Radio

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Legal status of old recordings?
The main page of this article could be improved with a paragraph added about the legal status behind BBC radio programs from the 1930s. Were any of the broadcasts recorded, and if they were, are they now, wholly or in part, in the public domain?

Are there any sources for recordings of BBC programs from the 1930s? Dexter Nextnumber (talk) 01:00, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

Cost of advertisements in the 1930s
The main page of this article would be improved if someone posted the gross budget available to the BBC in the years from its beginning in 1926 to today's modern era. Don't correct it for inflation, and don't try to speculate what its legitimate expenses were, just post the annual gross revenue, which I guess is bound to reflect revenue collected from advertising. Dexter Nextnumber (talk) 02:57, 15 March 2010 (UTC)

"London Calling"
Can someone add material to this article on the use of this phrase by london bbc radio. the factoid exists on WP (see London Calling (novel)), but is not referenced to a source. i suppose i could do it, but i wont right now. seems an important part of bbcs history.Mercurywoodrose (talk) 03:29, 30 March 2010 (UTC)

Programmes section
Having a casual read through the programmes section, I notice that all appear to be from BBC Radio 4. Should notable programmes from other networks, such as the Radio 1 Chart Show, Wake up to Wogan, the BBC Proms be included? It may be difficult to include the other stations in this list as they tend to broadcast music rather than any particular programme but a cross section I think should still be attempted. Rafmarham (talk) 21:45, 13 May 2012 (UTC)

Error in the listing for Top Gear / John Peel - somehow two major shows are combined here. Top Gear has a large article on WP. Davethecomputerguy (talk) 18:05, 12 November 2014 (UTC)

BBC Radio Slogans
I have added the various BBC Radio Slogans which were written in the BBC Radio Player before they were cancelled. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.54.183.88 (talk) 17:06, 18 October 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 14:51, 16 February 2019 (UTC)
 * Vijaybbc.jpg

What about BBC World Service broadcasting in DRM (Digital Radio Mondiale)?
There are references regarding DAB, AM, FM but zero references to the DRM broadcasting on this article.

Both 3955 kHz (04:59-06:00 UTC) and 15620 kHz (07:59-09:00 UTC) are broadcasting in DRM. In fact, the BBC is a full member of the DRM Membership (https://www.drm.org/)

Schedules on: http://www.hfcc.org/drm/

Cheers

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title: Talk:BBC Radio


text:
Bullet in a Bible

Bullet in a Bible is a live album by American rock band Green Day, released on November 15, 2005, by Reprise Records. It was directed by Samuel Bayer, who was the director of all the videos from American Idiot.

Background and release
Bullet in a Bible documents one of the two biggest shows that Green Day have performed in their career; they played in front of a crowd of over 130,000 people at the Milton Keynes National Bowl in United Kingdom on June 18–19, 2005.

This was also the hottest weekend of the year, because the United Kingdom was in the middle of a heatwave, with temperatures reaching 33 degrees Celsius.

The band was supported by Jimmy Eat World, Taking Back Sunday, and Hard-Fi during their American Idiot world tour. Fourteen of the twenty songs performed at these shows were included on the disc; missing out were the tracks "Jaded", "Knowledge", "She", "Maria", "Homecoming" and "We Are the Champions". However, "She" was broadcast on BBC Radio 1 as part of their coverage of the event.

Bullet in a Bible was released as a double-LP set on November 10, 2009, as part of the band's 2009 vinyl re-release campaign.

Green Day have released most of the videos from this concert on their YouTube page except for "Boulevard of Broken Dreams", "Wake Me Up When September Ends", and the other songs which have been omitted from the album release.

Commercial performance
Bullet in a Bible peaked on the Billboard 200 at number eight and spent 14 weeks on the chart. It has also reached top 10 positions in many European countries.

Personnel
Green Day
 * Billie Joe Armstrong – lead vocals, rhythm and lead guitar, harmonica
 * Mike Dirnt – bass, backing vocals
 * Tré Cool – drums, percussion, backing vocals on "King For A Day/Shout"

Additional musicians
 * Jason White – lead and rhythm guitar, backing vocals
 * Jason Freese – keyboards, piano, acoustic guitar, trombone, saxophone, accordion, backing vocals
 * Ronnie Blake – trumpet, timpani, percussion, backing vocals
 * Mike Pelino – rhythm guitar, backing vocals on "St. Jimmy"

Production
CD
 * Rob Cavallo – producer
 * Green Day – producers
 * Doug McKean – engineer
 * Chris Lord-Alge – mixing
 * Dmitar Krnjaic – assistant engineer
 * Keith Armstrong – assistant engineer
 * John Van Nest – editing
 * Ted Jensen – mastering

DVD
 * Samuel Bayer – director
 * Tim Lynch – producer
 * Pat Magnarella – executive producer
 * Kim Dellara – executive producer
 * Tim Royes – editor
 * Chris Dugan – additional filming

Design
 * Wade Brands – photography
 * Chris Bilheimer – packaging, menu design

title: Bullet in a Bible


text:
QWK (file format)

QWK is a file-based offline mail reader format that was popular among bulletin board system (BBS) users, especially users of FidoNet and other networks that generated large volumes of mail. QWK was originally developed by Mark "Sparky" Herring in 1987 for systems running the popular PCBoard bulletin board system, but it was later adapted for other platforms. Herring died of a heart attack in 2020 after being swatted. During the height of bulletin board system popularity, several dozen offline mail readers supported the QWK format.

Description
Like other offline readers, QWK gathered up messages for a particular user using BBS-side QWK software, compressed them using an application such as PKZIP, and then transferred them to the user. This is usually accomplished via a "BBS door" program running on the BBS system. In the case of QWK, the messages were placed in a single large file that was then bundled with several control files and then compressed into a single archive with the .QWK file extension, and typically the BBS's "id" name as the base filename in the form mybbs.qwk. The file was normally sent to the user automatically using the self-starting feature of the ZModem protocol, although most QWK doors allowed a choice of other protocols.

Once the resulting file has been received by the user, the steps are reversed to extract the files from the archive and then open them in a client-side reader. Again, these individual steps are typically automated to a degree, meaning that the user simply has to invoke the door software on the BBS, wait for the download to complete, and then run the client. The various intermediary steps are automated. QWK originally did not include any functionality for uploading replies, but this was quickly addressed as QWK became more popular. QWK placed replies in a .REP file (again, typically with the BBS's "id" as the name) that was exchanged automatically the next time the user called in.

QWK clients varied widely in functionality, but all of them offered basic e-mail and public forum support. Prior to the introduction of QWK and similar systems, it was not uncommon for users with large message volumes to set up their own FidoNet node to quickly gather their mail, but QWK dramatically reduced the required setup, and greatly increased the number of users of offline mail.

Architecture
As QWK was originally designed to work with PCBoard, the system bears many marks of PCBoard's layout for message and forum files. For instance, QWK uses one file to contain the messages, and another that is used to index their headers. QWK was essentially a way to collect messages from PCBoard's internal files and re-package them into a single file.

QWK was later modified to include extended fields that broke out of the original PCBoard limitations. The new format, known as Extended QWK but written as QWKE (pronounced quick-ee), added a series of kludge lines outside the header line of the message that allowed free-form text. For instance, if the SUBJECT header was longer than 25 characters, it was clipped to 25 characters in the header and then repeated in complete form in the message body. QWKE-aware reader software would notice the kludge fields and place them in the header display; non-aware software simply left the text in the body. More minor changes included small information packets travelling between the BBS and user.

title: QWK (file format)


text:
Talk:Olympiacos F.C.

Semi-protected edit request on 21 August 2015
"Marko Jankovic is on loan at OFK beograd. Please check it out."

141.255.62.181 (talk) 16:26, 21 August 2015 (UTC)
 * ❌. G S Palmer (talk • contribs) 15:17, 22 August 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20081031113733/http://www.superleaguegreece.net/downloads/Greek_Football_Research.pdf to http://www.superleaguegreece.net/downloads/Greek_Football_Research.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070805065751/http://www.sport24.gr:80/html/ent/140/ent.113140.asp to http://www.sport24.gr/html/ent/140/ent.113140.asp

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Semi-protected edit request on 25 August 2016
GiannarasK (talk) 10:57, 25 August 2016 (UTC) We must edit Marko Marin's number at squad he has the number 11 as the official site of olympiacos.org announced http://www.olympiacos.org/player/59689/marko-marin
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. KGirlTrucker81talk what I'm been doing 23:38, 26 August 2016 (UTC)

Errors that need editing.
There are 2 errors originating in this old edit from August 26th which are still not fixed.

(Note: Bold used by me to emphasize the error)

Error 1. Missing text, start of page, first paragraph: ...is a Greek professional football club, part of the major s Olympiacos CFP, based in Piraeus.

(This error as it is in the start of the page appears in google search results and looks ugly...)

Was (and should be): ...is a Greek professional football club, part of the major multi-sport club Olympiacos CFP, based in Piraeus.

( is a Greek professional football club, part of the major multi-sport club Olympiacos CFP, based in Piraeus. )

Error 2. Minor error. Section: "Personnel" > Table "Olympiacos Academy" > Line 2 is:    | align=left|general manager

Was (and should be): | align=left|General Manager using proper uppercase. 79.166.121.138 (talk) 07:12, 12 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done DRAGON BOOSTER   ★  10:55, 9 January 2017 (UTC)

Untitled
Hello,

On the page: Olympiacos_F.C.

about Olympiacos FC, there is an error.

Under the section: "Statistics" / "Greek Championship records" / "Undefeated Champions" it is stated:

"6 (1936–37, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1950–51, 1953–54, 1954–55, 2015-16)"

This is wrong. It should read:

"4 (1936–37, 1937–38, 1947–48, 1950–51, 1953–54)"

since Olympiacos had only 4 undefeated seasons. They had 1 loss in the season 1954–55 and also 1 loss in the season 2015-16 as per pages:

1954–55 Panhellenic Championship

and

2015-16 Superleague Greece

Thank you. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.137.245.207 (talk) 17:22, 1 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Padlock-silver-open.svg Not done: The page's protection level has changed since this request was placed. You should now be able to edit the page yourself. If you still seem to be unable to, please reopen the request with further details.  JTP (talk • contribs) 20:28, 8 June 2017 (UTC)

All done, I made the correction myself, thank you very much for changing the protection level and unlocking the page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.137.245.209 (talk) 13:47, 9 June 2017 (UTC)

Titles
http://www.redsagainsthemachine.gr/sites/default/files/imagecache/article_photo/article_photos/558ba1770642bac07c4ed868a12749be_151022_thyra7_2.jpg

--77.49.115.132 (talk) 15:56, 19 June 2017 (UTC)

1955/56-2017/18 Πρωταθλητριών
-
 *

 * --178.128.138.95 (talk) 18:15, 4 December 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141216072837/http://www.redplanet.gr/podosfairo/o-thrylikos-hrwas-nikos-godas.2016695.html to http://www.redplanet.gr/podosfairo/o-thrylikos-hrwas-nikos-godas.2016695.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111210083520/http://www.athensnews.gr/issue/13425/35949 to http://www.athensnews.gr/issue/13425/35949
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100501123407/http://en.archive.uefa.com/competitions/ecwc/history/season%3D1970/intro.html to http://en.archive.uefa.com/competitions/ecwc/history/season=1970/intro.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150810065503/http://www.olympiacos.org/ to http://www.olympiacos.org/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150810065503/http://www.olympiacos.org/ to http://www.olympiacos.org/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:26, 21 November 2017 (UTC)

Europe
--2A02:587:800C:8400:508C:5A05:8C02:BF18 (talk) 06:54, 24 October 2018 (UTC)

 * , you need to write in English and change from X to Y format. Also, talk page is not a sandbox to store draft edit. Matthew hk (talk) 19:01, 25 October 2018 (UTC)

--79.130.59.224 (talk) 05:50, 15 December 2018 (UTC)

Recent edits that change the team roster
I don't have any special knowledge of this team. However, it appears that some of the recent edits are removing players like Cafú and Allain, when they still appear on the official team web page showing the team members. Obviously, the official page may be slow in updating a very recent trade, but if we are to mark this formally here on Wikipedia, I believe it should be supported by a reliably-sourced reference note. - AppleBsTime (talk) 20:40, 3 October 2020 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 12:05, 21 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Karaiskakis Stadium - panoramio.jpg

Olympiacos v Olympiakos
Why do the club translate their title into English using a "c", when the rendering of the Greek alphabet into the Roman, as shown in the infobox, uses a "k"? Culloty82 (talk) 18:37, 27 May 2021 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 22:07, 9 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Giovanni.Silva.de.Oliveira.jpg

Europe Cup

 * Για συνοπτική παρουσίαση δείτε: Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου

Με την είσοδο στη νέα δεκαετία, η Ελλάδα βρέθηκε αρχικά στη 17η και την επόμενη χρονιά στην 20η θέση της κατάταξης της ΟΥΕΦΑ γεγονός που σήμαινε ότι θα έχει ένα εκπρόσωπο στα προκριματικά του Τσάμπιονς Λιγκ και τρείς εκπροσώπους στα προκριματικά του Γιουρόπα Κόνφερενς Λιγκ.

Αναλυτικά η πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στις ευρωπαϊκές διοργανώσεις

 * Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου (1960-1969)
 * Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου (1970-1979)
 * Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου (1980-1989)
 * Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου (1990-1999)
 * Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου (2000-2009)
 * Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου (2010-2019)
 * Πορεία των ελληνικών ομάδων στα ευρωπαϊκά κύπελλα ποδοσφαίρου (2020-2029)

Πηγές

 * UEFA - Το επίσημο site
 * UEFA - Βαθμολογία χωρών
 * UEFA - Βαθμολογία συλλόγων

Κατηγορία:Ελληνικές ποδοσφαιρικές ομάδες στην Ευρώπη

Loan players
https://www.fosonline.gr/podosfairo/superleague/article/275840/olympiakos-ta-eikosi-symvolaia-poy-ligoyn

--2A02:586:813D:2A83:CDF3:954B:E5AE:DEA7 (talk) 10:23, 19 November 2023 (UTC)

List Conference league
ΤΕΡΜΑΤΟΦΥΛΑΚΕΣ: Πασχαλάκης, Τζολάκης*

ΑΜΥΝΤΙΚΟΙ: Κίνι*, Ρόντινεϊ, Ρέτσος, Ρίτσαρντς*, Ορτέγκα, Ντόη, Κάρμο*

ΜΕΣΟΙ: Ιμπόρα*, Αλεξανδρόπουλος*, Καρβάλιο*, Φορτούνης*, Έσε, Τσικίνιο, Όρτα*

ΕΠΙΘΕΤΙΚΟΙ: Μασούρας*, Ελ Κααμπί*, Ποντένσε*, Ελ Αραμπί*, Γιόβετιτς*.

List Β': Παπαδούδης, Αποστολόπουλος, Λιάτσος, Σαπουντζής, Τσέλιο, Α. Μπα, Καράκουτης.

--2A02:586:813D:2A1C:7D60:4A65:7E6F:F708 (talk) 20:56, 26 January 2024 (UTC)

All time best team
2A02:586:813D:2A20:916:8282:9166:9282 (talk) 21:15, 13 March 2024 (UTC)

Olympiacos' ongoing Europa Conference League run
In the opening paragraphs, there is no mention of the recent Olympiacos run in the UEFA Europa Conference League, where they have reached the quarters, like they did in the UEFA Champions League in 1998-99 and the Cup Winners' Cup in 1992-93. Should we wait for the run to end to add the info? Bill L. Hal (talk) 18:02, 25 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Olympiacos F.C.


text: Category:British and English royal favourites


text: User talk:192.94.94.106

title: User talk:192.94.94.106


text:
François Xavier Bon de Saint Hilaire

François Xavier Bon de Saint Hilaire (1678–1761), president of the Court of Auditors of Montpellier, demonstrated in 1709 that he could make fabric from spider silk. Many egg cocoons were boiled, washed and dried and the thread was collected with fine combs. By this method, he produced three pairs of spider silk stockings and gloves. He presented one pair to Hans Sloane at the Royal Society in London and the remaining two to the Académie Royale des Sciences in Paris. He also claimed to have manufactured medicines from spiders which could cure apoplexy, lethargy, and coma. His report, published in 1710, was republished several times and was translated into several languages including Chinese. Bon de Saint Hilaire also made one of the first ventures into the mass-cultivation of spider silk, keeping the creatures in crates of fifty and one-hundred, only to find, upon returning after a considerable duration, that the spiders had thinned themselves out to a mere few remaining members.

He was named to the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres in 1750.

title: François Xavier Bon de Saint Hilaire


text:
Huang Shen

Huang Shen (1687–1772) was a Chinese painter during the Qing Dynasty. Huang was born in Ninghua, Fujian province, to a poor family. His courtesy names were Gongshou (恭壽) and Gongmao (恭懋). His pseudonym was Yingpiaozi (癭瓢子).

He began his training under the painter Shangguan Zhou (上官周). In the earliest part of his career he excelled at cursive calligraphy and favored a meticulous style modelled after Ni Zan. He became better known as an artistic innovator who was one of the Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou. When it came to paintings of people he favored images of religious, historic, and common people. His more famous works include The Drunk Monk and Shepherd Su Wu.

title: Huang Shen


text:
User:GoodNoise

hi

testing still

yours, G.Noise

title: User:GoodNoise


text:
User talk:Jazcurra~enwiki

Regarding your edits at the Bragado article, please don't add text in languages other than English. You are most welcome to translate into English what you intended to add. Good wiking, Mariano (t/c) 08:25, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Jazcurra. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Jazcurra~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:48, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 14:19, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jazcurra~enwiki


text:
Virtually fibered conjecture

In the mathematical subfield of 3-manifolds, the virtually fibered conjecture, formulated by American mathematician William Thurston, states that every closed, irreducible, atoroidal 3-manifold with infinite fundamental group has a finite cover which is a surface bundle over the circle.

A 3-manifold which has such a finite cover is said to virtually fiber. If M is a Seifert fiber space, then M virtually fibers if and only if the rational Euler number of the Seifert fibration or the (orbifold) Euler characteristic of the base space is zero.

The hypotheses of the conjecture are satisfied by hyperbolic 3-manifolds. In fact, given that the geometrization conjecture is now settled, the only case needed to be proven for the virtually fibered conjecture is that of hyperbolic 3-manifolds.

The original interest in the virtually fibered conjecture (as well as its weaker cousins, such as the virtually Haken conjecture) stemmed from the fact that any of these conjectures, combined with Thurston's hyperbolization theorem, would imply the geometrization conjecture. However, in practice all known attacks on the "virtual" conjecture take geometrization as a hypothesis, and rely on the geometric and group-theoretic properties of hyperbolic 3-manifolds.

The virtually fibered conjecture was not actually conjectured by Thurston. Rather, he posed it as a question, writing only that "[t]his dubious-sounding question seems to have a definite chance for a positive answer".

The conjecture was finally settled in the affirmative in a series of papers from 2009 to 2012. In a posting on the ArXiv on 25 Aug 2009, Daniel Wise implicitly implied (by referring to a then-unpublished longer manuscript) that he had proven the conjecture for the case where the 3-manifold is closed, hyperbolic, and Haken. This was followed by a survey article in Electronic Research Announcements in Mathematical Sciences. have followed, including the aforementioned longer manuscript by Wise. In March 2012, during a conference at Institut Henri Poincaré in Paris, Ian Agol announced he could prove the virtually Haken conjecture for closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds . Taken together with Daniel Wise's results, this implies the virtually fibered conjecture for all closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds.

title: Virtually fibered conjecture


text:
High Voltage (disambiguation)

High voltage is electrical potential large enough to cause injury or damage.

High Voltage may also refer to:

Film

 * High Voltage (1929 film), an American pre-Code film
 * High Voltage (1981 film), a Croatian film
 * High Voltage (1997 film), a direct-to-video action film
 * High Voltage (2018 film), an American scifi horror film

Music

 * High Voltage (1976 album), by AC/DC, released internationally
 * "High Voltage" (song), by AC/DC, 1975
 * High Voltage (1975 album), by AC/DC, released only in Australia
 * High Voltage (Eddie Harris album), 1969
 * High Voltage (Emerson, Lake & Palmer album), 2010
 * High Voltage (Count Basie album), 1970
 * "High Voltage", a song by Linkin Park from, either the bonus edition CD release of Hybrid Theory, or their self titled demo tape from 1999 with the same name
 * High Voltage, a Bahamian band, later Baha Men
 * High Voltage Festival, a music festival in London, England

Other uses in arts, entertainment and media

 * High Voltage Magazine, first published in 2003
 * High Voltage, an Institution of Engineering and Technology academic journal
 * High Voltage, a character in Disney's Big Hero 6
 * High Voltage, later Faction Talk, a satellite radio channel
 * High Voltage Radio, AC/DC's pop-up digital radio station in Australia

Sport

 * High Voltage (professional wrestling), a tag team of Robbie Rage and Kenny Kaos
 * Matt Hardy (born 1974), professional wrestler, ring name High Voltage

Other uses

 * High Voltage (horse) (foaled 1952), a Thoroughbred racehorse
 * High voltage in a digital signal, also known as "logical 1"
 * High Voltage Software, an American game development company

title: High Voltage (disambiguation)


text:
User talk:GoodNoise

please start my discussion... G.Noise

title: User talk:GoodNoise


text:
Yaodong

A yaodong (natively 窰 in Jin Chinese, or 窰洞  yáodòng in Beijing Mandarin) is a particular form of earth shelter dwelling common in the Loess Plateau in China's north. They are generally carved out of a hillside or excavated horizontally from a central "sunken courtyard".

The earth that surrounds the indoor space serves as an effective insulator, keeping the inside of the structure warm in cold seasons and cool in hot seasons. Consequently, very little heating is required in winter, and in summer, it is as cool as an air-conditioned room.

The history of yaodongs goes back centuries, and they continue to be used. In 2006, an estimated 40 million people in northern China lived in yaodongs.

Types

The landscape of the Loess Plateau terrain is very complicated, with valleys, slopes, ridges, and hillocks. In order to avoid the wind and utilize sunlight and water, most yaodongs are distributed along the sides of the cliffs and valleys to conform to the terrain – in principle, forming three types of Yaodong. Cliffside yaodongs are the most common among all types. People dig caves in the cliff on the edge of the loess slopes with the floor rectangular and the top arched. In front of the cave is an open space for lighting and ventilation, so that the user does not feel the space to be oppressive. According to the number of cave openings, the yaodongs can be further classified into the three-hole type, two-hole type, and single hole type. A typical example is the city of Yan'an. Those dug around an excavation conducted at the surface, serving as interior courtyard, called yaodong-well or sunken courtyard. In the Loess Plateau, without hillsides and ravines available, peasants skillfully use loess's features (wall stability) to dig a square pit on the spot, and then dig the cave horizontally on the four walls to form the underground courtyard. In most parts of western Henan, this form of cave is called the "pit yard".
 * Cliffside Yaodong
 * Sunken Yaodong

Sunken yaodongs have two types, according to the form of entrance: slope-entrance and flat-entrance. Both are excavations of pits in the flat ground. First, if the yaodong is surrounded by flat ground, a slope can be used for entering and leaving the pits. This is called the "dikenyuan" or the "pit yard". Second, if there is a cliff or a steep slope next to the yaodong, it can be used to excavate the corridor through the cliff or slope to reach the horizontal entrance of the courtyard. This type of Sunken yaodong, which is also called the well-courtyard or the well-yaodong, is the majority in the area. The Hoop yaodong, also called independent yaodong, is the most valuable type considering its construction techniques. In the traditional residential areas in western Henan, the Hoop Yaodongs appear in the places where there are no conditions for excavations of cave dwellings, e.g. the loess layer is thin, the slopes are gentle, the height of the soil cliffs is insufficient, or the bedrock is exposed. A hoop yaodong is usually built wholly or partially outdoors, with an arched structure inspired by the underground dwellings. This arch-shaped form not only reflects the Chinese traditional thinking of a Round sky and Square earth, but more importantly, the high arch of the cave along with high windows allows the sun to further penetrate the cave in winter, therefore making full use of solar radiation. This new vaulted home of this type is now common among farmers in the area.
 * Hoop Yaodong

Origins
The first yaodongs were underground dwellings that date back to the 2nd millennium BC, China's Bronze Age, and according to Chinese tradition, the Xia dynasty. Chinese scholars generally believe that this type of habitat was developed mainly from the Han dynasty (206 BC to 220 AD) on, along with a progressive improvement of construction techniques during the Sui (581 to 618) and Tang (618 to 907) dynasties. During the dynasties Ming (1368 to 1644) and Qing (1644 to 1912), the pace of construction reached its peak.

Geographic distribution
The yaodong homes are common on the Loess Plateau of China in the North, and are found mainly in five provinces: Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, and the Hui Autonomous Region of Ningxia. In the Qingyang region, the ratio of cave dwellers to non-cave dwellers is the highest found anywhere in China.

Construction
More elaborate yaodongs may have a façade built with stones with fine patterns carved on the surface. Yaodongs can also be constructed with stones or bricks as stand-alone structures. The inside walls are usually plastered with lime to make them white. Different types of yaodong have varying construction processes.
 * 1) For the cliffside yaodong, the main structure is the soil wall, and the interior is reinforced with wooden piles. The beams and columns bear the load, forming a structure intended to prevent the cave from collapsing. The usual method of this construction process is to use rock for the wall base, and clay as the top tile. In order to reinforce the cave and reduce costs, walls are made of clay inside and stones outside.
 * 2) Building a hoop yaodong requires a wood frame mold. Because the wood mold can be reused, and the wood consumed is limited, the overall cost can be lower than that of most housing. Moreover, because its space volume is 1/3 smaller than that of a regular house, the hoop yaodong has a strong advantage in energy conservation.
 * 3) * The first step in the construction of a hoop yaodong is to dig the foundation, after determining the orientation. Then, the entrance position and the height and thickness of the wall is determined based on the orientation. A hoop yaodong usually has three or five caves.
 * 4) * The second step is to excavate the cave. Because a hoop yaodong is built on flat ground, the excavation uses the existing brick wall to make the arch structure, creating the basic spatial form of each cave. The yaodong is covered with at least two meters of mud to ensure the thermal insulation of the cave. The top of the cave is normally capped with a normal house structure.
 * 5) * The third step is to build the fence and install doors.

Earthquake resilience
The death toll of approximately 810,000 from the 1556 Shaanxi earthquake is claimed to be in part because it was centered on the Loess Plateau, where many yaodongs collapsed. Though yaodongs were found to have better earthquake resistance than some other types of dwelling common in the region, such as adobe buildings, at lower earthquake intensities wooden truss buildings collapsed at lower rates than yaodong. As a result of the 1920 Haiyuan earthquake both conventional homes and yaodongs collapsed, since neither type of dwelling common to the area was particularly earthquake resilient. According to eyewitnesses, yaodongs withstood the 1976 Tangshan earthquake better than conventional homes, attributed to the soft soil of the region. In Ningxia however, yaodongs were three times more likely to collapse during an earthquake compared to conventional homes. This was attributed to harder soil and the yaodongs being mainly located at the foot of valleys, vulnerable to landslides.

Notable examples

The most famous yaodongs in China are perhaps those in Yan'an. Edgar Snow visited Mao and his party in Yan'an and wrote Red Star Over China.

title: Yaodong


text:
Talk:Positron emission tomography

Unclear sentence
"they would be exactly opposite in their center of mass frame but the scanner has no way to know this".

This is unclear. Is it because of relativistic speeds?

If so, perhaps it should be mentioned. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.68.94.86 (talk) 08:31, 22 June 2014 (UTC)

Scan durations quoted for PET/CT machines
Are the scan times quoted for PET/CT machines correct? The machine I have experience of - it's a couple of years old - requires significantly longer - the CT part takes approximately 10 to 14 minutes for a H&N CT, the slow time mainly being a result of the fact that the CT is very much a low-grade CT scanner. I am not sure what other machines do, and obviously times are very much dependent on the protocol being used, area being imaged, etc., but (in my experience) the CT part takes significantly longer than 30 seconds. zebdee

Answer: With todays multi-detector helical CT scans, the scan time is much faster. We can do an "eyes to thighs" CT scan in less than a minute. NucsDoc

 * And one should add in the context of combined PET/CT that this is always the case, since these are always the newer scanners and have the latest CT features, which are always VERY fast. The 1-minute full CT scan is typical there. It's the PET part that takes 10 or 15 minutes a section and will be much harder to speed up with future tech (though of course it will happen). S  B Harris 09:33, 4 November 2006 (UTC)

PET results
What are the percentages of false positives for PET scans?

Answer: PET is not specific, it merely tells you which areas of the body have faster metabolism than others. This means it picks up inflammation, infection and injuries as well as tumors. For this reason, PET is only suitable for diagnosing tumors in conjunction with other tests. Its other main role is staging of tumors i.e. assessing the extent of a tumor that has already been found by other means.

For example, a CT scan of the chest finds a single nodule in one lung. The question is then, "is this cancer?". PET scanning in this situation can tell you whether this nodule is likely, or unlikely to be tumor.

There was a recent review of PET imaging in lung cancer. In the case of the solitary pulmonary nodule scenario, the specificity of a "positive" PET scan was 82%-94% depending on the precise PET technique used.

For staging of lung cancer - the most important role for PET is determining whether a lung tumor has spread to the center of the chest (the mediastinum). However, even in this case there is a significant false positive rate (PPV : 74-93%; false positive rate: 44.6%). There is also a significant false-negative rate in this situation (up to 11.7%), so PET is usually used in conjuction with other tests, including exploratory surgery (mediastinoscopy). ChumpusRex 15:04, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

New image
Hello, I come from french Wikipedia, I upload a new image for oncology part. Enjoy !

Data units for PET Images
PET Images are measured in different units like Bacqurel per mili litre, SUV (Standard Uptake Value), Percentage and Counts/sec What does each of these units mean?

Answer: Becquerel per mililitre is a measure of the concentration of radioactity within a region. One Bequerel is one count/sec.

The problem with this unit is that the value depends on how much radioactive tracer was given to the patient, the size of the patient, how much time has passed since the injection (due to radioactive decay), etc.

The SUV is a method for partially compensating for this. It corrects for the total amount of radioactivity given, and the approximate volume of the patient (volume is very difficult to measure, so it is estimated from weight).

$$SUV = \frac{Uptake\ (MBq / ml)\times Patient\ weight\ (kg)}{Administered\ activity\ (MBq)\times1000}$$

In words, the SUV is the uptake in the tissue divided by an estimate of the concentration in the body that was available to access the tissue. Concentration is approximated as the injected activity divided by body weight. The idea is to normalize the counts in the tissue to the counts that were available to be taken up by the tissue, or to "standardize" the uptake. Markssss (talk) 04:52, 28 July 2010 (UTC)

There are a variety of other methods used for calculating SUV, some correct for blood glucose concentration, some use lean body weight instead of total body weight, some estimate body surface area.

Percentage is a cruder method of correction. The voxel with the highest activity is found, and it's activity is called 100%. The activity in other regions is then presented as a fraction of that.

There still some debate as to whether the SUV is a useful measurement, from the point of diagnosis. Some abnormal areas (e.g. tumors), will have a higher uptake (and hence SUV) than normal tissues, and studies have suggested that the higher the activity of an abnormality, the more likely it is to be signficant. Some studies have looked at 'threshold' values of SUV, below which an abnormality is unlikely to be significant (or above which an abnormality is likely to be significant). E.g. if PET can be used to assess a nodule in the lung. If the SUV of the nodule is higher than 2.5, some studies have suggested that it's likely to be cancer.

However, given the different interpretations of SUV, different scan techniques, different times between injection and scanning at different hospitals, etc. some people argue that the SUV is relatively useless - as it's whole point is to allow comparisons between scans done at different times and at different sites.

ChumpusRex 21:43, 10 June 2006 (UTC)

Antimatter?
I was just curious why there is a link to antimatter in the "See also" section. I couldn't see how the two were related, so I think there needs to be some mention of antimatter in the article if it relates, or the link should be deleted. cøøki ə Ξ (talk) 04:13, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Positrons are antimatter. This is clear if the wiki link to positron is followed. However, I see your point that it would be sensible to mention this in the article. ChumpusRex 12:14, 22 September 2006 (UTC)

Kinetic Analysis of PET-CT scan
right now i am working on a project.the topic is 'Development of a parameter which will distinguish between the TB n cancer' and this has to be done by kinetic analysis of PET-CT scan.

PET Reconstruction
I haven't seen anything in this page related to the reconstruction process, which is a very important component of PET, because of the low data quality of the process. Do you think that's worth including here? User:Sjayanthi November 3rd, 2006

 * Absolutely, if you know something about it. If it's arcane, you can put it in its own section toward the end of the article, as something like "Image reconstruction techniques important to PET" and reference it higher in the section which first mentions how the scanner opperates in more general terms. Actually, there are many ways of doing this. The main article on PET scanning should probably not be too much longer, but long sections on ANY subtopic in PET scanning can be summarized in their own short sections, with a main article referenced there. Then, you can put in a lot more detail in that main article. This is how Wikipedia expands. The main rules here are: don't delete, improve! Next is BE BOLD in adding stuff. The worst that will happen if you know what you're talking about, (provided you don't hit a malicious delete-man), is that your section will be edited down, and the extra material offloaded to a subarticle. Don't worry too much about writing quality-- we need good information worst. Writing can be improved by secondary writers who have a lesser understanding of material. So go for it. S  B Harris 09:14, 4 November 2006 (UTC)

Annihilation in body
I'm not much of an expert in these fields, being a year 9 science student, however in the article under the sub-heading 'How the scanner operates', it reads "the positron travels a few millimetres before encountering and annihilating with an electron." Could somebody clarify for everybody (especially me) which material (the body or any other material) the electron is a part of? Because I had always thought that an annihilation of a sub-atom in the body would result in the atom concerned becoming a positively charged ion, and causing disruption in the atomic structure of the organs being built from these atoms. Thanks. 210.11.82.107 09:28, 19 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Electrons wiped out by such positrons come from any old atom out there, and they do indeed become cations (positive ions) as a result. However, we're not talking about large numbers compared normal amounts of cations in the body (look at all those Na+,K+ and Mg++ floating around in all your fluids!). So it's no problem. If you calculate the number of moles of ions created from a normal PET scan in an hour, it's tiny-- something on the order of 10^12, which is a picomole compared with millimolar concentrations of your normal cations. Or 100 nanocoulombs with assocated currents of 50 picoamps, compared with microamps produced in your heart and brain. Far, far worse damage comes from the gamma, which is ionizing also, but the damage is not caused by the ion per se (it's called that only because this is how these things were DETECTED originally), but rather from the high energy interactions which provide enough energy to break DNA. A simple ion contacting DNA won't do that. DNA is ionized (lots of negatives) and associates with positively ionized histones to be stored. Lots of ions in water are not bad, and in biology are normal. By the way, the atom the positron come from becomes a negative ion also, but this is soon fixed, as it picks up an H+ from solution and becomes a sugar hydroxyl. Again, no sweat, and generally no damage (due to the very small amounts of stuff made). S  B Harris 08:47, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

Great, thanks a million. A+, here I come! 210.11.82.107 09:28, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

There is another interesting potential decay pathway of the positron - instead of annihilating with a free electron, the positron may strip off and then bind with (by coulomb attraction) a weakly bound electron, with the consequent formation of positronium (Ps), which is also sometimes referred to as "a light hydrogen atom". Ps can exist in either of 2 quasi-stable states - a triplet spin 1 state (3S1) which eventually decays by annihilation with a spin opposed electron from a neighboring atom in a process known as "pick-off annihilation", or in a singlet spin 0 state (1S0) which eventually decays by self combination. Note that with the decay of the spin 0 state, the process occurs in approximately 100 ps with two gamma photons being created and emitted at 180 degrees, while the spin 1 state decay occurs much more slowly in approximately 100 ns, and creates 3 gamma photons. (see http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=14761021&query_hl=3&itool=pubmed_docsum and http://www.ph.unimelb.edu.au/photo/people/leighton/thefinalcheck.pdf) Duedilly 06:12, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

Annihilation after some time?
i just want to know about the line that says "the positron travels a few millimetres before encountering and annihilating with an electron." but i thought that as soon as a positron encounters an electron, it annihilates...and electrons are present anywhere and everywhere.so how is that positrons are able to travel upto distances as large as milimeters inside the body...please somebody explain this...urgent ,specialy for me...i have a related project even...
 * The distance any GIVEN particle travels in ANY material is related to its energy (all other things being equal), due to the fact the short wavelength particles, which of course are high energy particles, just "look" smaller, so have a smaller cross section. High energy electrons go a couple of mm in skin for radiotherapy, and Mev electrons up to several cm. A positron's no different. S  B Harris 16:08, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

Conservation of Momentum
Hi I have a quick question about why the gamma rays emmitted by the positron-electron annihilation does not produce two rays exactly 180 degrees apart? Doesn't this break the law of conservation of momentum? Or does the initial velocity of the positron towards an electron before they annihilate cause the final gamma rays to not be 180 degrees apart? Thanks Ongy 09:41, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

You guessed it, the momentum of the electron and positron at the instance of annihilation causes the angle to not be an exact 180 degrees. The angle is usually close enough to 180 and the diameter of scanner bore is short enough that it doesn't considerably skew localization of the annihilation event. 14:51, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

Thanks for that!!! Ongy 00:49, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, in short, if the initial momentum of the positron toward the electron it was to annihilate was zero, the angle would be 180 degrees exactly. But remember that these positrons have all just been shot out of a nucleus in beta decay, so they're moving at quite a clip compared to the electrons around them.  S  B Harris 07:24, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Okay. If the angle is not exactly 180 degrees, can the origin point be triangulated?  And would this be the point at which the annihilation took place?

Lead Paragraph Quibble
Hello, in the lead paragraph it says PET produces images of "metabolic activity" or something along those lines a couple of times. While this is the most popular use of PET, it is not necessarily the only use correct? PET can be used to image any process providing you can make the right biomolecule into a positron emitter. It is true that FDG is by far the most widely used clinically, and it images metabolism, but theoretically PET can image anything. Is this too specific for the lead paragraph? I understand the desire to state the most popular use, but as it is worded I think it is a bit deceiving. CallipygianSchoolGirl (talk) 02:27, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

You are absolutely correct, which is why I added something to that effect in the "Radioisotopes" paragraph some time ago. It should be said, however, that not just any molecule can be radiolabeled and turned into a successful PET probe. For example, there are some pretty severe constraints in developing ligands that reversibly bind to neuroreceptors in the brain. The isotope of choice is usually C-11, and so the compound must be able to be synthesized, injected in the subject and reach and pass its peak uptake all in a relatively short time, due to the short half life. Additionally, as the ligand gets metabolized in the liver, the metabolites that contain the C-11 cannot cross the blood brain barrier, or they will create a confound in the analysis of the kinetics. The result is many failed research tracers, but there are many successful ones as well. Markssss (talk) 05:57, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

Another quibble: The lead states that the PET scan and CT image are done at the "same time." Correct me if I'm wrong but they are still two seperate scans that do not overlap temporally. They are done in one sitting, but it is not like the CT X-Ray tube is firing at the same time the PET scanner is picking up Gamma is it? CallipygianSchoolGirl (talk) 02:31, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

Right again! I Markssss (talk) 05:57, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

Brand names in illustration
I notice that the illustration showing how the process works shows the Sun Microsystems brand name prominently, which bugs me. Would it be possible to redo this picture and remove this text and logo to make it generic and to remove the plug for the computer manufacturer? I'm sure Sun isn't the only one making this equipment. +ILike2BeAnonymous (talk) 20:51, 12 March 2008 (UTC)
 * On the subject of bugs, I can't find Sun Microsystems mentioned anywhere in any of the illustrations; I did, however, | remove a reference to Siemens in a caption. - Neparis (talk) 03:19, 15 March 2008 (UTC)

Slight Problem
Under description, the picture obscures some of the text. Not sure how to fix it? Nrusse (talk) 18:04, 29 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I believe that this is an error in the HTML, which shows up differently for different users, or under different conditions for the same user. I can usually work around this by enlarging my browser window (just press F11; press it again to return to "normal"). I wish the maintainers of the code would either fix this, or issue better guidelines for placing illustrations.

 * --  Solo Owl   02:11, 14 July 2014 (UTC)

Duplication
This article duplicates and overlaps with the PET-CT article, with which it should be combined. Fbarw (talk) 20:09, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

Query -- scope of a PET scan?
I was under the impression that a PET scan analyzes the patient's entire body, to find areas where the uptake of the tracer indicates possible cancer. A friend of mine has the impression that the scan is like an x-ray, in that it covers only a particular small segment of the body. Perhaps both types of scans are used, depending on the circumstances? I don't see the answer to this question in the article. My guess was that, to the knowledgeable editors working on the article, the answer was so obvious that it didn't occur to anyone to spell it out! JamesMLane t c 04:30, 22 October 2008 (UTC)

James, a PET scan is used to 'give an indication' whether an abnormal lump in the body is or is not an active 'cancer'. It isnt diagnostic. Any cell that takes up a lot of labelled glucose because it is rapidly metabolising sugar will show up as a bright spot on the PET scan. Your brain and liver, for example, use huge amounts of glucose all the time, consequently, both show up as positive on a PET scan. Unfortunately, when a part of the body has an active infection, the area becomes flooded with 'macrophage' cells normally - these are fighting the infection, and perfectly healthy, but will show up as PET positive. The theory goes that 'cancer' cells grow more rapidly than 'normal' cells, so take up more glucose than those surrounding them. In theory, therefore, if you have a CT scan of (say) the lung, and there is an abnormal lump in it, you cannot say whether it is a benign harmless lump or a cancer (unless you are treated on the NHS in the UK, and the MD you see chooses to save money and just guess). You need to actually grab a piece of the 'lump' and examine it under a microscope (ie have a biopsy and tissue diagnosis performed). If you have a CT scan with a lump in it, and then perform a PET scan, you end up with two superimposeable images: if the lump corresponds in space to an area on the PET scan that appears to be PET positive, you have an indication that the lump is undergoing rapid cell division (ie is cancerous) OR that the body has swamped the area with macrophage cells to fight a localised infection: so all in all, PET scans are not 100% diagnostic of cancer - you still need a biopsy. All in all, as they are currently used by HHS practitioners in the UK, PET scans are almost worthless, and tend to be used as an alternative to what NICE and SIGN guidelines describe as the 'gold standards' for diagnosis (ie physical biopsy and immunohistochemical laboratory work), in order to hide a) the general shortage of surgeons to perform biopsies because their waiting lists are too long, and b) the appallingly low standards of NHS Pathology laboratories, many of which lack full CPA Accreditation (Governments ' minimum Quality Control Standards) due to atrocious funding deficits. DrLofhouse —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.77.93.167 (talk) 00:54, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

 * The axial field of view (FOV) is the measure of what "length" of the body is being imaged at once in PET/CT, when you're doing just the PET part. That's about 8 inches right now, according to the literature http://jnumedmtg.snmjournals.org/cgi/content/meeting_abstract/48/MeetingAbstracts_2/46P-a. That means every 8 inches of your body must travel through the "ring" for a certain time, collecting gamma scientillations. I've been told (can't swear) that some of the newer scanners have 2 blocks of these 8 inch rings in a row, to give you more like 16 inches of height being counted at a time, so a "whole body" (they never count the body below the thighs-- nothing to see there usually) can be counted in just 3 sections. Usually a whole body PET does you from "eyes to thighs" that way, and takes 20 min to 40 min. The CT part is done in less than a minute and is over with, before you know it. It's the PET collection of radiation from the F-18 that takes all the time. And yes, usually if they'd bothered to get you into the machine and injected with isotope, they're not going to collect PET info for just a transverse slice 9 inches (or 18 inches) long! They usually go for the whole body, which is pelvis to neck, or might also include head.  S  B Harris 01:28, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

 * SBHarris, thanks for the detailed information. Because you have a source you can cite, I hope you'll work that into the article. JamesMLane t c 19:47, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

Safety
Under safety the article says that a PET scan is non-invasive. Yet the proecdure requires the injection of a radioactive substance on a biologically active molecule. Doesn't that make the procedure invasive?VR talk  16:54, 12 February 2010 (UTC)

It is noninvasive in the sense that it shows internal processes in living animals without surgically exposing the tissues. This is true both in the research and clinical settings. In research, this allows chemical processes to be quantified without having to dissect tissues in order to measure tracers within them. In clinical applications, this means, for example, that tumors can be identified and localized without exploratory surgery. You are correct in the sense that there are some very small risks involved, but obviously not the same as surgical procedures. Markssss (talk) 04:44, 28 July 2010 (UTC)

Resource "seeing pain"
http://www.euronews.net/2011/11/23/x-rays-see-pain/ 23/11/11 13:07 CET

Some highlights: Torsetn Gordh of Uppsala University, Radioactive tracer mixed with D-Deprenyl, Rolf Jonsson (whiplash patient and chairman of Swedish Whiplash Society)

99.181.131.33 (talk) 23:57, 29 November 2011 (UTC)

fluorodeoxyglucose
There's a bunch of good stuff at fluorodeoxyglucose that could be merged here, including a cool animated 3-D PET scan of a human torso. Gbuchana (talk) 18:42, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Don't suggest merges to long articles. This article is already long, and if we merge all that stuff in, we'd just be under the gun to summarize out the fludeoxyglucose stuff again to a subarticle, per WP:SS. If you think there's some good stuff in the FDG article that needs summary HERE, feel free to do it, per WP:SOFIXIT. The balance between where info should go, and to what level of detail in main and subarticles is always tricky and subject to debate, and nobody will object if you tastefully copy stuff, or summarize stuff to here. Just so long as you don't MOVE anything wholesale, so it disappears THERE and REAPPEARS here. That's always bad when your target article is long, and the stuff you pilfer from is shorter. For example, the image you mention was once part of this article, and somebody felt the need to MOVE it to the FDG article, thus leaving nothing HERE. See the problem? I'll go and copy it, and leave a copy there. BTW, I agree with your taste, and like that image so much that it's been on my userpage for years! S  B Harris 20:19, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

History section missing Michel Ter Pogossian
The current history section contradicts some facts, as apparently the first practical models were developed by Ter Pogossian and his team. From the NY Times obit: "Dr. Michel Mathew Ter-Pogossian, who led the research that turned the positron emission tomography (PET) scanner from an intriguing concept to a medical tool used in hospitals and laboratories everywhere... in the search for a workable model, great strides had been made by others over the decades, but it was Dr. Ter-Pogossian and his colleagues in St. Louis who produced a series of machines for commercial production and practical use in the 1970's... Early in his professional life, Dr. Ter-Pogossian built one of the first scanners to detect radioactivity concentrations in living material, as well as a tool for delivering radiation therapy for cancers of the cervix and uterus. In the early 1950's he recognized the potential of short-lived radioactive tracers, and he was one of the first to use them to find brain tumors and measure blood flow." http://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/21/us/michel-m-ter-pogossian-71-led-research-on-pet-scanner.html Thinkfood (talk) 07:21, 12 July 2012 (UTC)

Add an image for the direction of detection
Can you add an image like http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/nucene/imgnuk/petscang.gif or http://www.whatisnuclearmedicine.com/upload/PET-SCAN-Brain.jpg ? It wasn't obvious to me that each detector can pick up activity within a cone, not a cylinder. In other words, each tube detector can see the entire head, not just a single point in the head. Otherwise it could only pick up events that occur in the very center of the circle, and I thought maybe the ring of detectors was translated around to scan other points in the head, or that there were multiple rings each focused on a different point, but now I see that's not how it works. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.167.71.24 (talk) 15:53, 8 October 2012 (UTC)

Ref 12 is a dead link
Maybe remove it or replace it with an appropriate alternate reference? 193.143.201.114 (talk) 06:51, 5 June 2013 (UTC)

 * To clarify, this is the ref in the Operation subsection of Descriptions for the phrase which reads: "during which time it loses kinetic energy, until it decelerates to a point where it can interact with an electron." SBaker43 (talk) 23:32, 5 June 2013 (UTC)

Proposed merge
The following articles are proposed for merge; PET-CT has been proposed as a merge to this article for over a year, but this page hasn't been tagged. I have made this change and also propose that PET/MRI be merged here. This is because I believe the content would be better covered here, as the technology is very similar, as are the indications and outcomes. I think that coverage on this one page would improve the quality of the intended content of all three articles. LT90001 (talk) 09:30, 30 August 2013 (UTC)
 * PET-CT
 * PET/MRI

 * OPPOSE If we were to merge, should we merge PET/MR with PET, or with MR? A similar argument follows for PET/CT. As this is a rather niche field, in the case of PET/MR at least, I think it is better to keep separate articles. On an administrative note, it is much easier to consider the two proposed merges separately. GyroMagician (talk) 12:31, 4 January 2014 (UTC)
 * OPPOSE I agree it should be kept in it's niche discussion. The technology is vastly different than PET and even quite different than PET/CT, specifically in the advantages of MRI (motion, soft tissue) and the challenges of AC (Attenuation Correction). While it appears to be a similar overall concept and technology, application of this technology has made it clear that it is vastly different. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Kkadams115 (talk • contribs) 17:06, 16 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Support Think this would be a very good move Iztwoz (talk) 20:41, 26 October 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose - These are different, related topics best covered in individual articles. The descriptions of PET, MRI, and CT in the combined procedure articles should indeed be brief and link back to the main articles for more detail but this does not mean a merge is warranted. VQuakr (talk) 18:02, 16 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Oppose - there is plenty to be said that is specific to PET/CT in its own right, to warrant a specific article about it. Inclusion of that in the PET article makes it over-long. I came to the PET/CT article to find out exactly what the /CT part meant - I already knew a little about PET. The article helped me. This is absolutely useful encyclopaedic information, deserving its own article. Of course, all 3 articles can be considerably improved - but a merger will not help that. Instead, the PET/CT and PET/MRI should concentrate on the specifics of those, to avoid excess overlap. Looking further, I see there are plenty of entire books, and thousands of papers, and of course a great many magazine pieces that are specifically about PET/CT. I have no doubt there is plenty of information in reliable sources to support the separate article. 88.104.10.105 (talk) 04:58, 2 March 2014 (UTC)
 * Oppose Agree so precisely with reasoning immediately above, that I won't repeat it. Leave summaries of PET-CT and PET/MRI here, if you want something here, and have the others as main articles, per WP:SS. That is done here (in this article) already, please notice. This section can be expanded a bit if you want more summary. But don't shoe-horn in stuff you'll just have to spin off again (as it expands) later. S  B Harris 03:08, 25 March 2014 (UTC)

Refs 22 & 39 are identical
Can someone please help fix? Thanks! Deluxegourmet (talk) 02:24, 25 March 2014 (UTC)
 * Fixed. If you see how I did that, you can do it yourself next time. You just name the reference something with a tag. Then, when you need to refer to the same reference again, you put in the front tag and no reference body, and add the end tag. You can put in the full reference name and tag anywhere in the article, as long as it's once and no more. The other tags are as described. S  B Harris 03:31, 25 March 2014 (UTC)

Cost per scan
Cost per scan gives a figure of $1,100 for a PET scan which is woefully low and very misleading despite being properly sourced to a Cancer Care Ontario publication. I think this figure may be the cost to the government itself. In the U.S., I have seen many PET scan bills from multiple hospitals with several insurance co.'s as well as a few for individuals without insurance. The lowest by far was $2,000 for a bill with a 50% discount. However, this is an outlier and the cost typically is $4,000 to $6,000 to the insurance co. Unfortunately, my data falls under the heading of original research. Regardless, something needs to be done to not seriously mislead the reader as to the cost.TL36 (talk) 02:56, 2 April 2014 (UTC) I agree with TL36. My insurance company and I were just charged $8500 here in central Florida. kolia_w (talk) 08:33, 15 January 2015
 * I think you guys are confusing the issue. The markup you Americans choose to pay doesn't affect the cost to the provider. Mine was free as in no money or insurance required, scarcely a useful datapoint. Greglocock (talk) 08:17, 23 May 2015 (UTC)

better image
I guess this is purely subjective, but to me, the images of equipment standing empty lack visual interest. I think we should have a picture showing a human being, especially near the top of the article. I would suggest replacing the first one with this image, which shows a patient receiving care: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:PET_scan_image3699-PH.jpg --76.169.116.244 (talk) 20:21, 21 January 2015 (UTC)

Probable Typo Observed
Hello! There appears to be some erroneous text at the end of the first paragraph of the 'Descriptions -> Operations' section:

"To conduct the scan, a short-lived radioactive tracer isotope is injected into the living subject (usually into blood circulation). Each tracer atom has been chemically incorporated into a biologically active molecule. There is a waiting period while the active molecule becomes concentrated in tissues of interest; then the subject is placed in the imaging scanner. The molecule most commonly used for this purpose is fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), a sugar, for which the waiting period is typically an hour. During the scan, a record of tissue concentration is made as the tracer decays. aghdghsghfvhgf"

Presumably this text was left in by accident?

Relationship to CAT scan
It's my understanding that the desire to extend the CAT scan to puppies, gerbils, parrots—indeed the entire menagerie of domesticated animal companions—is what led to development of the more general PET scan. I'm puzzled that this isn't mentioned in the article. EEng (talk) 23:31, 29 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Tough crowd.  E Eng  03:51, 5 February 2016 (UTC)

unsourced 1
Moving this here as it is unsourced, per WP:VERIFY:

 * Research

There are ongoing studies into using potassium 40 as this decays with a positron channel if an inexpensive way could be found to enrich the isotope into a pure form in order to scan human neural pathways for studying neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimers disease. The technology is based on new advances in sensing radiation combined with advanced reconstruction algorithms running on a single board teraflop system.

-- Jytdog (talk) 19:47, 6 April 2016 (UTC)

Hyphen
The Merriam-Webster dictionary says it should be hyphenated.--Leptictidium (mt) 12:42, 8 August 2019 (UTC)

REWRITING
Hi, I made few changes as follows:

1. Added a new para on PET for muscles. 2. Divided the section "Musculoskeletal imaging" into two parts: (1) PET for muscles, and (2) PET for bones. 3. Thinking of separating paragraphs for pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics paragraphs. I am now trying to re-write the whole article in simple words to be understandable by non-technical audiences. Also, I feel that text related to SPECT should be removed. There should be separate pages on PET-CT, PET-MR, etc..

Senior editors, please keep an eye. Thank you Earthianyogi (talk) 14:30, 20 April 2020 (UTC)

SPLIT : New Page for Musculoskeletal Imaging using [18F]NaF PET
Dear All,. I have noticed your valuable contribution on this Positron emission tomography article/page. This Positron emission tomography page has reached 108,412 bytes and I have more to write. I propose that section 'Bones' within the article Positron Emission Tomography be split into a separate page called PET for Bone Imaging. The content of the current page seems off-topic and these sections are large enough to make their own page. The page can be accessed here. Thank you Earthianyogi (talk) 00:06, 26 April 2020 (UTC)

Question
Is this test something like nuclear radioactive iodine treatments like I took for thyroid cancer in 2017 208.82.44.28 (talk) 23:27, 17 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Positron emission tomography


text: User talk:69.231.227.116

title: User talk:69.231.227.116


text:
Autódromo Internacional de Curitiba

Autódromo Internacional de Curitiba (also known as Autódromo de Pinhais and Circuito Raul Boesel) was a motorsports circuit located in Pinhais, Brazil. It has been host to the World Touring Car Championship, TC2000, Fórmula Truck and Stock Car Brasil racing. Until 2013 the circuit has also been host of the South American Formula 3 Series, namely the Formula 3 Sudamericana. The circuit also formerly hosted the Brazilian Formula Three Championship.

The circuit also hosted the "Festival Brasileiro de Arrancada", from 1992 to 2016, which was the biggest drag racing event in Latin America.

The circuit
Fabrizio Giovanardi of JAS Motorsport suggested the circuit is bumpy. Andy Priaulx of BMW Team UK suggested the circuit has a mix of massively fast and then medium speed turns which is not favorable BMW touring cars. Jordi Gené of SEAT Sport suggested that its turns are close to each other and they are high speed. The layout and types of corners on the track is actually similar to Motorsport Arena Oschersleben, but with more dramatic elevation changes.

The elevation changes between Entrada do Miolo and Pinheirinho reward well balanced cars. Confident drivers can gain a serious advantage through the heavily banked turns. Curva de Vitoria has quite a bit of positive camber and any exit speed will carry through, all the way down the straight. However, if the car goes even 10 cm wide it will end in the wall. There is only one racing line through this fast corner, so the driver requires to line up behind the car in front and slingshot past it down the straight.

A1 Grand Prix series
The circuit was scheduled to host a round of the A1 Grand Prix series in February 2006. However, after the schedule was revised, the circuit was removed as a host venue for the series.

Ending of Activities
At the end of 2021, it was known the land of the circuit was sold. Since 2014, the Inepar group, the owner of Autodromo, entered in judicial recovery and the plan of recoveries at the time was to sell the circuit. This was postponed after a real estate crisis throughout Brazil and gave a new opportunity for the circuit. The new plan is a project to build residential and commercial towers. The launch of these buildings is planned for the second half of 2022.

On December 17, 2021 the part of "Curva da Vitória" started to be demolished, but for a legal reasons the work stopped with complaints about the historical heritage of circuit and its land.

Lap records
The fastest official lap records at the Autódromo Internacional de Curitiba are listed as:

title: Autódromo Internacional de Curitiba


text:
Talk:We Can Remember It for You Wholesale

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 14 August 2019 and 7 December 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Daisja30. Peer reviewers: Cavaliergirl96, Christina.moore2.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 12:46, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Eternal Sunshine reference
This comment about Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind being inspired by this story needs to be referenced. Bihal 03:06, 15 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I think it's false personally, as my understanding is that the idea was thought up by one or two of the people involved in the movie's creation. (The Eternal Sunshine... article seems to match my thoughts.) Satan's Rubber Duck 20:26, 16 July 2006 (UTC)

Not to mention a needed spoiler warning there, as well as a general cleanup to make it more objective. I say it either needs to be completely re-worked or removed. Thoughts? --Identityshift 03:01, 15 September 2006 (UTC)

Trivia
I've been staring at that trivia section, trying to think of a way to integrate it, and I can't think of anything. Anyone object to just removing it?

--Identityshift (talk) 04:33, 25 January 2008 (UTC)

i object Killemall22 (talk) 06:18, 24 November 2011 (UTC)

Film Adaptations
No point in this preface. Someone's obviously gone off on one. I'm getting rid of it, while holding out that someone might perhaps do a better comparison between this and the film(s) 91.125.180.98 (talk) 23:02, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

 * No need for a comparison of any kind in the lede; we'll just mention that there were two films, and leave it at that. Evanh2008 (talk|contribs) 17:17, 15 August 2012 (UTC)

The Film Adaptations section is getting too specific. I think it's enough to simply say that they are loosely adapted and contain many differences. The differences can be discussed on the pages of those films, if necessary; they have no bearing on the short story itself. --Sm5574 (talk) 23:43, 18 January 2020 (UTC)

Editing the Page
Hello, I will be adding some information to the page for my class project.--Daisja30 (talk) 03:15, 10 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Hello, I hope you got good marks for your project, but unfortunately most of your edits have just been removed as they didn't meet Wikipedia's standards. Most of them introduced a personal essay style and opinion into the article, none of which was supported by reliable sources of references.  All the references you did provide merely supported the definitions you claim the story contained - none of them claimed that We Can Remember It for You Wholesale met these criteria.  That's a mix of original research and  synthesis, and can't be used here.  Chaheel Riens (talk) 08:53, 8 May 2020 (UTC)

Current state
At this stage article reads like a school's assignment (which is currently is). Other literary devices doesn't seem to add anything of a value. I encourage you to consider removing it. --Grayraw (talk) 23:36, 7 May 2020 (UTC)
 * I've just seen this as well. It's abysmal, and I've hacked & slashed at it to remove the worst.  Additional editing should bring it back into line.  Chaheel Riens (talk) 08:50, 8 May 2020 (UTC)
 * I agree that there was a lot of inappropriate material on this page, but I don't agree that the first paragraph (minus the last sentence) of the Film Adaptations section should have been deleted. Can you give a reason for that? Otherwise, I suggest it be restored, as film adaptation is relevant to and quite common on Wikipedia entries for stories and novels. --Sm5574 (talk) 20:54, 11 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Fair point, and restored. Chaheel Riens (talk) 10:02, 28 May 2020 (UTC)


text:
Water retention

Water retention can refer to:

 * Water retention (medicine), an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the circulatory system or within the tissues or cavities of the body
 * Edema, an abnormal accumulation of fluid beneath the skin, or in one or more cavities of the body
 * Premenstrual water retention, a common phenomenon associated with the menstrual cycle
 * Water retention curve, relationship between soil water content and water pressure head
 * Water retention on mathematical surfaces, topographic surfaces with basins
 * Soil water (retention), the capacity of soil to hold water not removed by runoff, drainage or evaporation
 * Retention basin

title: Water retention


text: Template:Duff-court

title: Template:Duff-court


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mafiascum

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Merge — redirects are cheap, and the content can be easily merged into Mafia (game). If we deleted this, it would be easily recreated. --Gareth Hughes 14:52, 24 October 2005 (UTC)

Mafiascum
Advertisement for a non-notable website. -- Kjkolb 08:37, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Relisting for more comment. Rx StrangeLove 18:45, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * delete as website vanity. No alexa rank. — brighterorange  (talk) 20:10, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Does not meet any of the proposed WP:WEB guidelines. --GraemeL (talk) 13:26, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect or merge to/with Mafia (game). --JJay 03:08, 21 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect and merge with Mafia (game) - this is a notable website for that game, but doesn't need a separate article. nae'blis (talk) 18:24, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Clapham (disambiguation)

Clapham may refer to:

Places in Australia

 * Clapham, South Australia, a suburb in Adelaide

Places in England

 * Clapham, a district in the London Borough of Lambeth
 * near to Clapham Junction railway station
 * and Clapham Common and Clapham Park
 * and was home to the Clapham Sect
 * and the former Clapham parliamentary constituency
 * gave a name to the Man on the Clapham omnibus, a hypothetical reasonable person in English law
 * Clapham, Bedfordshire, a village
 * Clapham, North Yorkshire, a village
 * near to Clapham railway station
 * Clapham, West Sussex, a village
 * Clapham, Devon, a village in the parish of Kenn, Devon

People

 * Clapham (surname)

title: Clapham (disambiguation)