text:
User talk:Dbfusa

Welcome
Hello, , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you very much for your contributions so far. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! - Nat Krause 11:35, 6 October 2005 (UTC), (Talk!)

License tagging for Image:Kcr-young-khenpo-with-book.jpg
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Proposed deletion of Dzogchen Khenpo Choga Rinpoche

The article Dzogchen Khenpo Choga Rinpoche has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Unsourced BLP since January 2008. I can't find significant coverage at reliable independent sources which verify the information in the article. I can also find evidence that the notability criteria have been met

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. --  Phantom Steve / talk | contribs \ 11:12, 1 October 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of Dzogchen Khenpo Choga Rinpoche for deletion
A discussion has begun about whether the article Dzogchen Khenpo Choga Rinpoche, which you created or to which you contributed, should be deleted. While contributions are welcome, an article may be deleted if it is inconsistent with Wikipedia policies and guidelines for inclusion, explained in the deletion policy.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Dzogchen Khenpo Choga Rinpoche until a consensus is reached, and you are welcome to contribute to the discussion.

You may edit the article during the discussion, including to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. --  Phantom Steve / talk | contribs \ 10:54, 6 October 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dbfusa


text:
457 Alleghenia

Alleghenia (minor planet designation: 457 Alleghenia), provisional designation 1900 FJ, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, about 34 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 15 September 1900, by German astronomers Max Wolf and Friedrich Schwassmann at Heidelberg Observatory in southern Germany.

The C-type asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.6–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 5 months (1,987 days). Its orbit is tilted by 13 degrees to the plane of the ecliptic and shows an eccentricity of 0.17. Based on assumptions made by the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link, the body has a low albedo of 0.06, a typical value for a carbonaceous asteroid. In 2014, photometric light-curve observations at the Los Algarrobos Observatory (OLASU, I38), Uruguay, has given a rotation period of $21.953$ hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.20 in magnitude. It was the last among the first 500 numbered asteroids to have its period measured for the first time (also see 398 Admete).

The minor planet was named by Max Wolf in honor and gratitude of U.S. optician John Brashear at Allegheny in Pennsylvania, who equipped Wolf's new telescope with state of the art optics (lenses for the 16-inch photographic doublet). Some of the finest astronomy equipment of the early 20th century were produced at Allegheny by Brashear. The body was the first discovery Wolf made with his new instrument. Wolf also expressed his gratitude by granting the naming of another of his discoveries to the American optician, who named it 484 Pittsburghia, after his home city. Brashear is also honored by a Martian and a lunar crater. The minor planet 5502 Brashear was later directly named after the famous American astronomer and instrument builder.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: 457 Alleghenia


text:
A Severa (film)

A Severa (lit. 'The stern/grave one') is a 1931 Portuguese film directed by Leitão de Barros. It's famous for being the first Portuguese talking film. It is a biopic of the fado singer Maria Severa Onofriana, known as A Severa, based on the play by Júlio Dantas.

Cast

 * Dina Teresa as Maria Severa Onofriana dita A Severa
 * António Luis Lopes as Dom João, Count of Marialva
 * Antonio Lavradio (D. António de Almeida Portugal, 10th Count of Avintes) as Dom José
 * Ribeiro Lopes as Judge
 * Silvestre Alegrim as Timpanas, Coach Driver
 * Costinha as Marquis of Seide (as Augusto Costa)
 * Antonio Fagim as Romão, Landlord
 * Patrício Álvares as Diogo
 * Eduardo Dores as Gypsy
 * Oliveira Martins as The Duke

Production
The film was shot in Paris.

Legacy
A severa was included in the film series for the ''New Babilonians. Crossing the Border'' exhibition, curated by Pedro G. Romero, which took place at the Galeria Municipal do Porto in September-November 2021. A Severa was part of the 2023 "A Brief History of Portuguese Cinema" screenings in Setúbal.

title: A Severa (film)


text: User talk:202.76.131.2

title: User talk:202.76.131.2


text:
458 Hercynia

Hercynia (minor planet designation: 458 Hercynia), provisional designation, is a background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 38 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 21 September 1900, by astronomers Max Wolf and Arnold Schwassmann at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany. The asteroid was named for the ancient Hercynian Forest, known to the Romans as "Hercynia silva".

Orbit and classification
Hercynia is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.3–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 2 months (1,896 days; semi-major axis of 3.00 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.24 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins two days after to its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.

Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, Hercynia is a common S-type, while in the SMASS classification it is a rare L-type asteroid. Polarimetric observations also determined an L-type. Alternatively, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) characterized Hercynia as a metallic M-type asteroid.

Rotation period
Several rotational lightcurves of Hercynia have been obtained from photometric observations since 1985. Lightcurve analysis gave a consolidated, slightly longer-than average rotation period of 21.806 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.10 and 0.36 magnitude (U=2/2-/3/2/2).

Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Hercynia measures between 33.70 and 42.27 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1435 and 0.191.

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts an albedo of 0.1654 from IRAS, and derives a diameter of 38.57 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.64.

Naming
This minor planet was named after the ancient Central European Hercynian Forest, known as "Hercynia silva" to the Romans. The mountainous and dense forest stretched from the upper part of the Rhine to the Carpathian Mountains in southeastern Europe. According to Caesar, it required a nine-day journey to cross the forest. (The Black Forest located to the south of the discovering observatory is a remnant of the western part of this forest). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 50).

title: 458 Hercynia


text:
Aurelian Townshend

Aurelian Townshend (sometimes Townsend; c. 1583 – c. 1649) was a seventeenth-century English poet and playwright.

Family
Aurelian Townshend was the son of John Townshend of Dereham Abbey, Norfolk. Both Aurelian and his sister, Frances, were born before 12 December 1583, at which date they are mentioned in the will of Thomas Townshend of Crimplesham, Norfolk. Aurelian was a third cousin of Sir Roger Townshend and of the historian Hayward Townshend (c. 1577 – 1603×21).

Townshend's mother was named Anne, and is said to have been the daughter of Sir Richard Catlin.

Career
Very little is well established about Townshend's life.

Robert Cecil directed Aurelian's education and sent him to Europe to study. In Venice Anthony Sherley took his money. Within three years, Townshend was back in England. He then spent a year in France as Edward Herbert's friend and aide who "spoke French, Italian and Spanish in great perfection". He was not much help when Herbert was attacked by a wild boar.

In 1613, he became the librettist of Inigo Jones. He became a friend of Thomas Carew's, and wrote poetry for around five years. Carew referred to Townshend in his "In Answer of an Elegiacal Letter, upon the Death of the King of Sweden, from Aurelian Townshend, Inviting Me to Write on That Subject" (published in 1640), where he indicates that Townshend was more engaged in the political world than he.

He was one of the Cavalier poets, and his masque Tempe Restored was performed on Shrove Tuesday of 1632 and had in its cast Queen Henrietta Maria and fourteen court ladies. From such heights as the court masque, Townshend rapidly fell. In 1643, he appears as "a poore and pocky Poet, (who) would bee glad to sell an 100 verses now at sixpence a piece, 50 shillings an 100 verses" before the House of Lords, seeking protection from creditors. The "pocky"-ness implies that, with his debts, Townshend had acquired disease (although not necessarily venereal disease).

Descendants
He had a daughter, Mary Townshend. She married George Kirke, a Groom of the Bedchamber. Their daughter Diana Kirke married Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford in 1673. Their son Charles died as an infant, and with the death of the 20th Earl the earldom of Oxford, created in 1142, became extinct.

Works
Townshend's poetry is remarkably formal and simultaneously free. His language is delicate, and his lines musical. T. S. Eliot praised the musicality of Townshend's poetry, and Hugh Kenner argues that Townshend's mixture of formality and liberty set the stage for Andrew Marvell, while others consider him distinctly minor (e.g. Rumrich and Chaplin).

title: Aurelian Townshend


text:
459 Signe

Signe (minor planet designation: 459 Signe), provisional designation, is a stony asteroid from the background population of the intermediate asteroid belt, approximately 26 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf at Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 22 October 1900. The asteroid was presumably named after Signy, a character of the Scandinavian Völsunga saga and Norse mythology. Signy is the daughter of Völsung and sister of Sigmund.

title: 459 Signe


text:
United Left for Cusano Milanino

United Left for Cusano Milanino (in Italian: Sinistra Unita per Cusano Milanino) is an electoral alliance, including the local branch of Communist Refoundation Party, in the municipality of Cusano Milanino, Italy.

In the 2004 municipal elections, the list of Sinistra Unita got 779 votes (7.79%). In the municipal council the group is represented by Valeri Diego and Resnati Sergio. The group currently takes part in the municipal government, represented by Paola Rampellini and Gianluca Santi.

title: United Left for Cusano Milanino


text: Wikipedia:Stewards

title: Wikipedia:Stewards


text:
File:Sinistraunita.jpg

Summary
Sinistra Unita

title: File:Sinistraunita.jpg


text: User talk:217.46.156.178

title: User talk:217.46.156.178


text:
460 Scania

460 Scania (prov. designation: or ) is a background asteroid and a slow rotator from the central regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 22 October 1900. The uncommon K-type asteroid has an exceptionally long rotation period of 164.1 hours and measures approximately 21 km in diameter. It was named after the Swedish region of Scania, where a meeting was held by the Astronomische Gesellschaft in 1904.

Orbit and classification
Scania is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.4–3.0 AU once every 4 years and 6 months (1,637 days; semi-major axis of 2.72 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.11 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Vienna Observatory on 25 October 1900, three nights after its official discovery observation at Heidelberg.

Naming
This minor planet was named after the Swedish region of Scania or Skåne by its Latin name, on the occasion of a meeting held in Lund by the Astronomische Gesellschaft in 1904 (AN, 166, 207). The was also mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 50).

Physical characteristics
In the Bus–Binzel SMASS classification, Scania is an uncommon K-type asteroid.

Rotation period
In December 2017, a rotational lightcurve of Scania was obtained from photometric observations by Frederick Pilcher. Lightcurve analysis gave a well defined rotation period of $19.689 km$ hours with a brightness variation of $21.78 km$ magnitude (U=3). The results supersedes previous observations.

Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Scania measures between 19.689 and 23.58 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.189 and 0.262. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.1808 and a diameter of 21.63 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.8.

title: 460 Scania


text:
Arctic Climate Impact Assessment

The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA) is a study describing the ongoing climate change in the Arctic and its consequences: rising temperatures, loss of sea ice, unprecedented melting of the Greenland ice sheet, and many impacts on ecosystems, animals, and people. The ACIA is the first comprehensively researched, fully referenced, and independently reviewed evaluation of Arctic climate change and its impacts for the region and for the world. The project was guided by the intergovernmental Arctic Council and the non-governmental International Arctic Science Committee. Three hundred scientists participated in the study over a span of three years.

The 140-page synthesis report Impacts of a Warming Arctic was released in November 2004, and the scientific report later in 2005.

The ACIA Secretariat is located at the International Arctic Research Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks.

Subsequent studies
AState of the Arctic Report 2006 by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) updated some of the records of the ACIA report. The observations presented in the NOAA report show convincing evidence of a sustained period of warm temperature anomalies in the Arctic, supported by continued reduction in sea ice extent, observed at both the winter maximum and summer minimum, and widespread changes in Arctic vegetation. The warming trend is tempered somewhat by shifts in the spatial patterns of land temperatures and ocean salinity and temperature. While there are still large region to region and multiyear shifts in the Arctic climate, the large spatial extent of recent changes in air temperature, sea ice, and vegetation is greater than observed in the 20th century.

The NOAA report was a review of environmental conditions during the previous five years relative to those in the latter part of the 20th century, conducted by an international group of twenty scientists who developed a consensus on information content and reliability.

As an annual follow-on activity to the 2006 report, the NOAA's Arctic Report Card presents annually updated, peer-reviewed information on recent observations of environmental conditions in the Arctic relative to historical records. The conclusion for 2010 was that a return to previous Arctic conditions is unlikely. This conclusion was supported by the record temperatures across Canadian Arctic and Greenland; a reduced summer sea ice cover; record snow cover decreases; and links to some Northern Hemisphere weather.

In April 2008, the World Wildlife Fund's report, Arctic Climate Impact Science – An Update Since ACIA was launched at the meeting of the Arctic Council. It provided a large, updated review of Arctic climate impact science since the 2005 ACIA.

Arctic Biodiversity Assessment
The ACIA called for improved capacity to monitor and understand changes in the Arctic and to improve and enhance long-term Arctic biodiversity monitoring. In response to this recommendation, the Arctic Council's Conservation of Arctic Flora & Fauna Working Group(CAFF) began work on the Arctic Biodiversity Assessment. It was completed in 2013.

Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program
In further response to the ACIA call for better monitoring, CAFF established the Circumpolar Biodiversity Monitoring Program (CBMP). The CBMP is an international network of scientists, government agencies, Indigenous organizations and conservation groups attempting to unite their efforts to monitor the Arctic's living resources. The CBMP is intended to improve rapid detection, communication, and response with respect to the significant biodiversity-related trends and pressures affecting the circumpolar world.

title: Arctic Climate Impact Assessment


text:
461 Saskia

Saskia (minor planet designation: 461 Saskia), provisional designation , is a Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 44 km in diameter. It was discovered on 22 October 1900, by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany. The X-type asteroid has a rotation period of 7.3 hours. It was named after Rembrandt's wife, Saskia van Uylenburgh.

Orbit and classification
Saskia is a core member of the carbonaceous Themis family (602), one of the largest asteroid families named after 24 Themis. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.7–3.6 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,016 days; semi-major axis of 3.12 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.14 and an inclination of 1° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg the night after its official discovery observation.

Naming
This minor planet was named after Saskia van Uylenburgh (1612–1642), wife of renowned Dutch painter Rembrandt (4511 Rembrandt). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 50).

Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification, this asteroid's spectral type is ambiguous, closest to a dark F-type asteroid, and somewhat similar to that of a C- and X-type (FCX), while in both the Tholen- and SMASS-like taxonomy of the Small Solar System Objects Spectroscopic Survey (S3OS2), Saskia is an X-type asteroid. It has also been characterized as a primitive P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE).

Rotation period
In April 2007, a rotational lightcurve of Saskia was obtained from photometric observations by French amateur astronomer Pierre Antonini. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of $39.81 km$ hours with a brightness variation of 0.36 magnitude (U=3). In December 2016, an identical period with an amplitude of 0.28 magnitude was determined by Daniel Klinglesmith at Etscorn Campus Observatory, New Mexico (U=3-). This result supersedes two previous observations that gave a period of 7.34 and 7.349 hours, respectively (U=2/3-).

Diameter and albedo
According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Saskia measures between 39.8 and 44.1 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.06 and 0.112,   while the Japanese Akari satellite determined a diameter of 43.10 kilometers with an albedo of 0.069. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.10 and derives a smaller diameter of 33.69 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.48.

title: 461 Saskia


text:
User talk:AlfieNet

Hi AlfieNet,

I have read your comments on the discussion under "Anti-Psychiatry".

I wanted to give you a link to useful resource on the topic of psychiatrist/doctors role in the holocaust:

http://www.ecosyn.us/Bush-Hitler/Blogspot/eugenics/Bush_Family_Eugenics.html

Tristano Ajmone 11:44, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:AlfieNet


text:
Talk:Uridium

Article
"This combined with the bas-relief graphics of the Dreadnoughts and the smooth animation of the Manta as it executed its trademark turn to immerse players." - this is not a complete sentence. Anyone have any ideas?

That rather clumsy paragraph was my addition. I will remove it from the main article as I'm unsure how to revise it - RyanG

Uridium+

 * The Spectrum version seems to exist in "Uridium" and "Uridium Plus" versions - what was the difference between the two? Bastie 14:10, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

The maps are different. Uridium starts with "Zinc" and Uridium+ with "Silicon". 2fort5r (talk) 17:51, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

C128 with 2Mhz?
I seem to remember that this game - as well as Morpheus - recognised when it ran on a C128 and increased the processor speed to 2 MHz when the raster lines of the bottom screen frame were being drawn, but unfortunately, I don't have any sources and gave away my C128 a long time ago.

134.176.25.80 07:57, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

"Later able to perform parallax scrolling"
Removed from the article: The computer was later able to perform parallax scrolling, most notably in the Sensible Software title Parallax, which was released a few months after Uridium.

I originally wrote the section about the Commodore 64's hardware not supporting parallax scrolling. What I meant by this was that the Commodore 64's graphics chip, the VIC-II, does not support parallax scrolling natively. It is possible to do a simulation of parallax scrolling in software, exactly as Braybrook did in Uridium, and no doubt was done in Parallax too. However, the way the paragraph above is worded makes it sound like the Commodore 64's hardware somehow changed to be able to support parallax scrolling natively, in a few months' time, no less. Now in the current time where graphics cards get more and more features all the time, this would be possible, but back in the 1980s it was nothing of the sort. Computers' graphics chips were an integral part of them, not exchangeable accessories like they are now. J I P | Talk 16:29, 4 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Then you are also the right person to receive the criticism. I don't know what you've been taking, but C64 doesn't have background graphics either. --213.130.254.217 (talk) 06:17, 6 June 2010 (UTC)

There is now a reference to an article in C-lehti about how Braybrook did the graphics. The C64 doesn't have background graphics, but it does have foreground graphics. The surface of the dreadnoughts is the background, and the surface features, and the space and stars around the dreadnought, are foreground graphics. J I P | Talk 08:24, 26 December 2012 (UTC)

Clarification needed
"Mindscape decided to take an easier route by recycling an older, relatively obscure game"

This doesn't make any sense. I suggest saying exactly what they did, rather than leave it up to the reader's guess. My guess is that they revamped Uridium, but it's not an obscure game, so please correct this sentence. --213.130.254.217 (talk) 06:17, 6 June 2010 (UTC)

The Last Starfighter
I added Redirect from "The Last Starfighter (video game)". — Preceding unsigned comment added by Shinobody (talk • contribs) 06:13, 15 June 2011 (UTC)

Andrew Braybrook
I've added references to Andrew Braybrook, who designed and wrote the original on the C64. There are various other mistakes (the original game had 10 levels IIRC, not 15), but I've left them unchanged for now. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wedgeski (talk • contribs) 13:04, 27 September 2012 (UTC)

Source

 * https://archive.org/details/edgeuk124/page/n89

title: Talk:Uridium


text:
Jeff Prosise

Jeff Prosise is a technical author on Microsoft Windows applications. He is very experienced in Microsoft Windows technologies like MFC, .NET Framework, C# and others.

Publications
Jeff Prosise is the author of the book Programming Windows with MFC, published by Microsoft Press. His book is about the MFC, a C++ based proprietary programming library for Microsoft Windows. This book, along with Charles Petzold's popular Programming Windows book are considered to be 'bibles' in Windows programming. While Petzold's book is known as the 'Windows API bible', Prosise's book is often referred to as the 'MFC bible'.

Some of his other publications are Programming Microsoft .NET, Programming Windows with C# and How Computer Graphics Work (co-author Gary Suen). His previous books, published back in the 1980s and 1990s, included PC Magazine DOS 6 Techniques And Utilities, PC Magazine DOS 6 Memory Management With Utilities, and Windows Desktop Utilities.

title: Jeff Prosise


text: Template:2007 Rugby World Cup qualifying


text:
Talk:Parodius

PSP
On the official page the original MSX Pariodius will be the 5th game so I changed it.

Parodius V
Treasure did quite well on Gradius V. I'm looking forward to their entry on Parodius. -James A. Calwell III 02:46, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Cleaning the Page
Ok so the page doesn't look that bad. It is SCREAMING for pictures though.

Anyone want to put some ? Bragador 22:54, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

Non-Japanese Releases
The article says Parodius Da! and Gokujō Parodius! were released in Europe, but I believe it's actually the deluxe pack of those 2 games, and titled simply "Parodius". As far as I know, this is the only Parodius game outside of Japan. Anybody else got info? --ScarletSpiderDave 06:22, 6 April 2006 (UTC)
 * The PS/Saturn versions were only released in the Deluxe Pack, yes. The arcade versions, however, were also released in Europe, not to mention the NES, SNES and Game Boy ports of Parodius Da!. TerokNor 08:25, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

 * The European release of Parodius for Playstation contains two playable games one named Parodius, the other Fantastic Journey. I'll have to double check that they correspond with Parodius Da! and Gokujō Parodius! Stx 12:54, 16 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Just to confirm; the European Parodius release has Gokujō Parodius! as Fantastic Journey and Parodius Da! as Parodius. Stx 19:46, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Parodius-series logo.png
Image:Parodius-series logo.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:12, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Gokujo parodius characters.png
Image:Gokujo parodius characters.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:32, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Why Japanese titles?
Even though a number of Parodius games had an English release in Europe, the articles generally primarily refer to the Japanese titles and terms (including the article titles), with the European names seemingly being secondary, but it should be the other way around per the guidelines of the English Wikipedia. --Grandy02 (talk) 21:32, 18 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Viewing older versions of the pages in the page histories implies that the first author/s were simply not aware of the existence of English releases. If nobody complains, I attempt to move Parodius Da! and Gokujō Parodius! to Parodius (1990) and Fantastic Journey respectively, due to the guideline of using English titles. --Grandy02 (talk) 09:12, 19 November 2010 (UTC)

Otomedius
Is there a source for Otomedius being part of the Parodius series? I could not find any such claim on the OHP or on the Japanese Wikipedia. -Seventh Holy Scripture (talk) 21:51, 26 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I also think there is no point in including Otomedius with Parodius. Perhaps both of them share the same light-hearted environment and the fact of being derivative series from Parodius but, beyond that, I can't see why they should be considered as part of the same series.--Canyq (talk) 23:44, 26 May 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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Talk:Liverpool South Parkway railway station

Untitled
Though usually "pro rail" I can't help feeling this station is too big and expensive for the number of passengers it will serve. The "park and ride" facility is unlikely to prove popular as the car park is not easily accessible from the main Liverpool-Widnes road. In the time it takes the motorist to negotiate his way to the car park he could be well on the way along the road into Liverpool. The bus shuttle to the Airport will face similar problems.

The station is going to be very large and impressive and of some architectural merit. Great, but a smaller station would have been perfectly adequate.

And having built the station, there are no moves to allow access from Chester and North Wales via the disused link line in Runcorn. With Virgin trains not stopping there either, there is no opportunity to use it for passengers for London not wishing to make their way into central Liverpool. This WOULD have been a good "park and ride" option.

Just letting off a bit of steam here, I'm sure it doesn't belong in the article.

Exile 11:45, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

More bellyaching from me - foot-dragging by Central Trains on stopping Liverpool-Norwich trains - when the trains have to slow to 15mph to take the curve towards Hunts Cross anyway! Exile 22:45, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Only another 22 months(!) to wait: Norwich services will call at LSP from the December 2008 timetable change. Meanwhile I've heard a rumour that TransPennine Express will serve the station from May 2007 - anyone have confirmation? Rhmeuk 15:34, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Anyone know why it has been given the truly awful name LSP ?

 * It's in the South of Liverpool, and it's a Parkway station. Simple really :-) L1v3rp00l 15:08, 8 June 2006 (UTC)

 * What is a parkway station???, I've heard it before but never understood what it is DannyM 14:06, 25 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I think it has something to do with Park and Ride. Simply south 14:30, 25 June 2006 (UTC)

Services (moved from article page)
I moved the bit below from the article as it seems to be just an anonymous person ranting and doesn't seem to belong in an encyclopedia article. Rhmeuk 09:30, 12 May 2007 (UTC) I DISAGREE. The currently unused northbound Platform 4 could be extended in a southeasterly direction alongside the LSP carpark, allowing returning commuters who live in the south of Liverpool to disembark at LSP, thus saving them the psychologically frustrating journey into Lime Street and back out again. The potential space limitation would only apply to the currently unused southbound Platform 3, where I agree it is not possible to extend. However, it is unlikely that passengers would wish to alight from the Virgin trains here as they would only have got on at Lime Street where the service began, and there are numerous trains from Lime Street to LSP. There is a need for outbound commuters to be able to join the Virgin trains at LSP without having to go into town and back out again, and they could do so if the Virgin trains offered a pick-up service only onto half of the carriages at LSP, with the other carriages kept locked whilst the train is stationary at LSP. (It is a lot easier for passengers getting on to do so onto half of the carriages and then find their seats once the train has set off, than if passengers from the entire train were rushing along to neighbouring carriages in order to get off, but as I explained above this is unlikely to be necessary as passengers getting on a cross-country Virgin train at Lime Street are generally heading further afield than LSP.)

South Parkway is a White Elephant
The station does not serve John Lennon airport as it a long way from it - a con.

It cost a fortune when this money could be better spent on re-using Merseyrail underground tunnels in the centre or building a proper train station at John Lennon airport.

The priority at Liverpool is:

1. Bringing into commission the disused tunnels under the city centre for Merseyrail.

'''2. Building an essential station at John Lennon airport with Merseyrail, Northern, WCML all served.

The above two points will propel the city forward. This South Parkways will do nothing at all.'''

''Virgin Trains services to London Euston do not serve the station and there are no plans to do so in the near future. The platforms are not long enough to accommodate Virgin's Pendolino trains, and the location of this station, with a bridge at the north end and Allerton Junction at the south end, makes platform extension difficult.''

Another reason why this station is waste of time - the London train can't stop there and it was supposed to stop. Those responsible for the building of this expensive white elephant should be sacked. They have lost the plot. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Waterspaces (talk • contribs) 16:15, 28 March 2009 (UTC)

Well for starters, Liverpool South Parkway is an interchange station and the closest you can get to John Lennon Airport. There simply isn't the land or space for a station by John Lennon Airport, that would require knocking down a few houses/shops in Speke, which is more pointless since there is already the West Coast Main Line running through northern Speke. In what way will building a station by the airport propel the city forward if it requires taking down nearly half of Speke.--390VirginPendolino390 (talk) 10:05, 27 July 2011 (UTC)

Coordinate error
The following coordinate fixes are needed for Liverpool South Parkway railway station. Shouldn't the marker be at 53°21'27.93"N 2°53'22.75"W ? Check the aerial view. —76.105.145.143 (talk) 05:31, 2 January 2013 (UTC)
 * ❌. That's within five metres or so of the position indicated by the current coordinates, and doesn't seem more accurate in any meaningful way. (The OS grid ref, with only six digits, is somewhat less precise by its nature.) I'm going to leave things as they are for now; but if you still think a correction is needed, please post a new mesage below, using the geodata-check template and explaining more fully what error you're seeing. Deor (talk) 12:19, 2 January 2013 (UTC)

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External links modified
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Did this happen?
Could this please be looked into as to wether it happened and moved if needed.

Under future section

“Merseytravel have repeatedly asked for a Virgin service from Liverpool South Parkway.” Maurice Oly (talk) 17:24, 12 March 2020 (UTC)

It's given a brief mention in the Long Term Rail Strategy, not sure that counts as 'repeatedly asked' LicenceToCrenellate (talk) 18:56, 12 March 2020 (UTC)

BTW, if you Google Liverpool City Region Long Term Rail Strategy the PDF is available, can't post the link on here, for some reason. LicenceToCrenellate (talk) 18:57, 12 March 2020 (UTC)


text: User talk:70.119.50.237

title: User talk:70.119.50.237


text:
462 Eriphyla

462 Eriphyla (prov. designation:  or ) is a Koronian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by German astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory on 22 October 1900. The stony S-type asteroid has a rotation period of 8.7 hours and measures approximately 35 km in diameter. It was named after Eriphyle, from Greek mythology.

Orbit and classification
Eriphyla is a core member of the Koronis family (605), a very large outer asteroid family with nearly co-planar ecliptical orbits. It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.6–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 10 months (1,777 days; semi-major axis of 2.87 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.09 and an inclination of 3° with respect to the ecliptic. The asteroid was first observed as at Nice Observatory on 31 December 1896. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg on 11 November 1900, three weeks after its official discovery observation.

Naming
This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after Eriphyle, wife of Amphiaraus whom she persuaded to take part in a raiding venture which lead to the tragic war of the Seven against Thebes. The was also mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 50).

Physical characteristics
In both the Tholen and SMASS classification, Eriphyla is a common stony S-type asteroid.

Rotation period
In October 2002, a rotational lightcurve of Eriphyla was obtained from photometric observations by Stephen M. Slivan. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of $34.274 km$ hours with a brightness variation of $35.63 km$ magnitude (U=3). Several more lightcurves were published since 1987.

A modeled lightcurve using photometric data from the Lowell Photometric Database and from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) was published in 2018. It gave a concurring sidereal period of $39.22 km$ hours and includes two spin axes at (119.0°, 7.0°) and (301.0°, 5.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).

Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Eriphyla measures between 34.274 and 41.882 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.1746 and 0.2829. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes an albedo of 0.2438 and derives a diameter of 35.32 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.41.

title: 462 Eriphyla


text:
463 Lola

Lola (minor planet designation: 463 Lola) (1900 FS) is a Main-belt asteroid discovered on 31 October 1900 by Max Wolf at Heidelberg. It is named after Lola, a character from Pietro Mascagni's opera Cavalleria Rusticana.

title: 463 Lola


text:
Hoover free flights promotion

The Hoover free flights promotion was a marketing promotion run by the British division of the Hoover Company in late 1992. The promotion, aiming to boost sales during the global recession of the early 1990s, offered two complimentary round-trip plane tickets to the United States, worth about £600, to any customer purchasing at least £100 in Hoover products. Hoover had been experiencing dwindling sales as a result of the economic downturn and a sharp increase in competing brands. Hoover was counting on most customers spending more than £100, as well as being deterred from completing the difficult application process, and not meeting its exact terms.

Consumer response was much higher than the company anticipated, with many customers buying the minimum £100 of Hoover products to qualify. It was perceived as two US flights for just £100 with a free vacuum cleaner (or other product) included. The resulting demand was disastrous for the 84-year-old company. Hoover cancelled the ticket promotion after consumers had already bought the products and filled in forms applying for millions of pounds' worth of tickets. Reneging on the offer resulted in protests and legal action from customers who failed to receive the tickets they had been promised. The campaign was a financial disaster for the company and led to the loss of Hoover's Royal Warrant after the airing of a 2004 BBC documentary. The European branch of the company was eventually sold to one of its competitors, Candy, having never recovered from the losses, the promotion and the subsequent scandal.

Prior to the promotion
Prior to the incident, The Hoover appliance company had held a 50% share of its corner of the market for almost 40 years. In the 1980s, Hoover was owned by parent company Maytag and was rapidly expanding with the potential to claim a larger share of a growing market. This period of expansion, however, coincided with the UK's entry into a major economic recession, and Hoover was beginning to face competition from newly established British vacuum cleaner companies such as Dyson. From 1987 to 1992, Hoover's profits fell from US$147 million to US$74 million, and its share of the UK vacuum-cleaning market dropped. When several attempts at creating novel products (such as a talking vacuum cleaner) failed to stimulate interest, to correct its financial trajectory, Hoover's executives decided to create an exciting marketing promotion that would encourage the public to purchase what were quickly becoming mounting piles of unsold products. In order to do this, Hoover would offer free round-trip airline tickets to the United States to individual customers who had bought at least £100 worth of the unsold wares.

Free flights promotion
Starting in August 1992, Hoover promised two free airline tickets to any customer who purchased a Hoover product worth at least £100. This meant that, on top of their cleaning appliance, the customer would also receive two round trip tickets to the United States. The promotion garnered a huge response from the public and Hoover was not able to keep up with the demand. Expecting modest engagement, Hoover had partnered with a small (now defunct) airline company called JSI Travel, which was in a similar position: struggling under the weight of the recession and desperate to unload cheap flights. Hoover and JSI arranged a deal in which Hoover would unload huge amounts of excess products, while JSI Travel would sell bulk flights to Hoover while handling bookings.

Hoover made the application process as arduous as possible in the hope that only a minor percentage of those who bought an appliance would get the flights. Specifically, the company instituted the following process for redeeming the offer:
 * When a customer purchased a Hoover appliance for at least £100 at certain select department stores, they had to mail in their receipt along with their application within 14 days of making their purchase.
 * Hoover then sent back a registration form which needed to be completed and returned within 14 days.
 * Hoover would then send out a travel voucher. The customer then had 30 days to choose three combinations of departure airports, dates and destinations.
 * Hoover retained the right to refuse the combinations selected by the customer, subsequently insisting that the customer select a further three alternatives.
 * Additionally, Hoover reserved the right to also refuse the alternatives and offer a combination of their own choosing. This meant that the customer's flight would take place on a date and from a location that was likely to be inconvenient, rendering the customer less likely to use the tickets.

Hoover's slogan for their new promotion was "Two free flights! Unbelievable!", which immediately caught the attention of the British public. As it became increasingly apparent that Hoover did not have the means necessary to fulfill the promotion, it began to receive negative attention from the British press.

The initial approach was to offer two round-trip tickets to European destinations; this promotion proved extremely popular with customers. Few customers used the vouchers, so in November 1992 Hoover expanded the options to include destinations in the United States. The addition of American locations caused a surge in consumer response because the airline tickets held an approximate retail value of £600 and could apparently be obtained for an outlay of just £100. Consumers were increasingly purchasing the cheapest products available to satisfy the £100 requirement, sometimes not returning to pick up their order. Hoover had to increase their production and hire new employees to meet the increased demand. Hoover had estimated that it would receive 50,000 applications, but the final total was around 300,000.

JSI Travel folded as Hoover decided to extend ticket offers to the United States. Hoover increased complexity of the process to redeem the vouchers. Public response was vocal and resulted in protests and an extended court case that continued until 1998.

Public response, repercussions and legal action
The British public reacted angrily to the fiasco. One man, David Dixon, claimed that in addition to not receiving airline tickets, the Hoover washing machine he had purchased to obtain a trip to the USA had broken down. He claimed that a Hoover technician who had come to fix the machine had said, "If you think buying a washing machine's going to get you two tickets to America, you must be an idiot", which led him to take action against Hoover.

In 1993, the Hoover Holidays Pressure Group was formed, led by Harry Cichy and Sandy Jack, to protest against the company's broken promises. After buying some shares in Hoover's parent company, Maytag, the pressure group went to the Maytag annual general meeting in Newton, Iowa. Jack expressed his concerns to the CEO of Maytag, Len Hadley, which made headline news. In 1994, Jack took Hoover to court over the free flight promotion. The BBC Watchdog programme's investigation of customer complaints about the promotion brought the matter to even wider public attention.

A number of Hoover executives lost their jobs as a result of the fiasco, including William Foust, the managing director and president of Hoover; Brian Webb, vice-president of marketing; and Michael Gilbey, director of marketing services. Despite the sale of the European division of the company to Candy in 1995, lawsuits concerning the fiasco continued into 1998.

BBC documentary
In 2004, a BBC documentary was made on the anniversary of Cichy and Jack's visit to Newton in 1994. Part of the Trouble at the Top series, the "Hoover Flights Fiasco" was watched by 1.7 million viewers. As a result, the British royal family withdrew Hoover's Royal Warrant.

title: Hoover free flights promotion


text:
William S. Lind

William S. Lind (born July 9, 1947) is an American conservative author, described as being aligned with paleoconservatism. He is the author of many books and one of the first proponents of fourth-generation warfare (4GW) theory and is the Director of The American Conservative Center for Public Transportation. He used the pseudonym Thomas Hobbes in a column for The American Conservative.

Early life
Lind graduated from Dartmouth College in 1969 and from Princeton University in 1971, where he received a master's degree in history. In 1973, having grown tired of doctoral work at Princeton, Lind wrote to Senator Robert Taft Jr., a Republican from Ohio, requesting his help in securing a job with Amtrak. In response, Taft instead offered Lind a job in his office, where he eventually began analyzing defense policy (Taft was a member of the United States Senate Committee on Armed Services).

Views on warfare and U.S. military
In 1989, alongside several U.S. military officers, Lind helped to originate fourth-generation war (4GW) theory.

Lind served as a legislative aide for Taft from 1973 through 1976 and held a similar position with Senator Gary Hart, a Democrat from Colorado, from 1977 to 1986. He is the author of the Maneuver Warfare Handbook (Westview Press, 1985) and co-author, with Hart, of America Can Win: The Case for Military Reform.

Lind has written for the Marine Corps Gazette, Defense and the National Interest, and The American Conservative.

According to the book Boyd: The Fighter Pilot Who Changed the Art of War by the writer Robert Coram, Lind was doing lectures on maneuver warfare sometimes criticized for having never served in the military and for having "never dodged a bullet, he had never led men in combat, he had never even worn a uniform."

Political career and related writings
Lind was the director of the Center for Cultural Conservatism at the Free Congress Foundation. He advocates a Declaration of Cultural Independence by cultural conservatives in the United States and believes that the federal government ceased to represent their interests and began to coerce them into negative behavior and to affect their culture in a negative fashion. The foundation believes that American culture and its institutions are headed for a collapse and that cultural conservatives should separate themselves from that calamity. It also supports setting up independent parallel institutions with a right to secession and a highly decentralized nature that would rely on individual responsibility and discipline to remain intact but prevent the takeover of the institutions by those hostile to cultural conservatism.

Lind has authored and co-authored (with Paul Weyrich) monographs on behalf of the Free Congress Foundation that attempt to persuade American conservatives to support government funding for mass transit programs, especially urban rail transit. The two men wrote about Cultural Marxism as being an organized conspiracy against what Lind views as the traditional Christian values of America.

Lind was associate publisher of a quarterly magazine called The New Electric Railway Journal from its launch in 1988 to 1996, and from January 1994, he also co-hosted a monthly program about light rail on the National Empowerment Television network; the program used the same name as the magazine.

As a paleoconservative, Lind has often criticized neoconservatives in his commentaries. While not a libertarian, he has also written for LewRockwell.com. He is a self-proclaimed conservative and monarchist. He is a staunch supporter of a non-interventionist foreign policy.

In his column of December 15, 2009, Lind announced that he was leaving the staff of the Center unexpectedly and that his series of articles was on hiatus.

Fiction
Lind also wrote Victoria: A Novel of 4th Generation War in which a group of "Christian Marines" leads an armed resistance against Cultural Marxism as the US federal government collapses.

Criticism
In 2002, Lind promoted and gave a well-received speech at a Holocaust deniers conference, where he accused a small number of all-Jewish leftist intellectuals of poisoning American culture.

In the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) report "Reframing the Enemy" (2003), Bill Berkowitz said that Lind was the principal promoter and popularizer of the Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory, which claims that a coterie of Jewish-German philosophers, the Frankfurt School, had seized control of American popular culture, and have been systematically subverting Christian churches and ethics within the US. The conspiracists' preoccupation with the Jewishness of most Frankfurt School intellectuals is seen as confirming that Cultural Marxism is an antisemitic canard. The SPLC reported that in 1999 Lind wrote, "The real damage to race relations in the South came, not from slavery, but [from] Reconstruction, which would not have occurred if the South had won [the civil war]."

In "The Widening Gap Between the Military and Society" (1997), the journalist Thomas E. Ricks said that Lind's rhetoric of Marxist cultural subversion is different from the "standard right-wing American rhetoric of the '90s" because Lind said that the "next real war we fight is likely to be on American soil." In The Future of Freedom: Illiberal Democracy at Home and Abroad (2003), Fareed Zakaria said, "There are those in the West who agree with bin Laden that Islam is the reason for the Middle East's turmoil. Preachers such as Pat Robertson and Jerry Falwell Sr., and writers such as Paul Johnson and William Lind have made the case that Islam is a religion of repression and backwardness."

The manifesto of Anders Breivik is built around Lind's theory on cultural Marxism and contains 27 pages taken directly from his writings.

title: William S. Lind


text:
User:Santosh Maharshi

Santosh Maharshi Co-founder HelloProjects.com, Newsmotto.comand IndusNesux.com

title: User:Santosh Maharshi


text:
Daniel Pesina

Daniel Pesina (born December 1, 1959) is an American martial arts expert and a former freelance employee of Midway.

Pesina was born in Chicago, Illinois to Mexican born parents and has studied martial arts since the age of 10.

Pesina started his work as an extra in martial arts films, appearing as one of Shredder's foot soldiers in the 1991 film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles II: The Secret of the Ooze.

A lifelong friend of designer John Tobias, Pesina was brought by him to work in a fighting game featuring digitized characters, 1992's Mortal Kombat, where he played Johnny Cage and ninja characters Scorpion, Sub-Zero and Reptile, and served as a martial arts coordinator for the game. Then in Mortal Kombat II he reprised his roles from the previous game, also playing the roles of Smoke, and Noob Saibot.

After his participation in MKII, Pesina parted from Midway, and sued them for unpaid royalties from his likeness being used in the console versions of the first two MK games, a case which he lost by summary judgment. For this reason, from MK3 on his characters were played by different actors: John Turk would take over Sub-Zero in Mortal Kombat 3 and the rest of the ninjas in Ultimate Mortal Kombat 3, while Johnny Cage would be played by Chris Alexander in Mortal Kombat Trilogy. During this time, Pesina promoted BloodStorm (a fighting game designed by former Midway employee who assisted in the making of Mortal Kombat series) in an advert, dressed up as Johnny Cage, which led to a long-standing rumor that Pesina had been fired from Midway over his participation in promoting BloodStorm. He and his younger brother Carlos also secretly worked on Tattoo Assassins, another competing game to Mortal Kombat. Carlos Pesina remained with Midway until the company's closure, and as of 2019, still works at NetherRealm Studios.

He played a hitman in the 1996 martial arts movie Book of Swords, which also starred fellow MK actors Katalin Zamiar, Ho-Sung Pak and Richard Divizio. Daniel and Carlos also appeared in a videogame-based comedy film entitled Press Start, which was released to DVD on September 25, 2007. In it, Daniel's character is called Sasori, which is Japanese for "Scorpion". As of 2004, Daniel is a teacher at the Chicago Wushuguan School.

title: Daniel Pesina


text: Category:Schools in Uzbekistan

title: Category:Schools in Uzbekistan


text:
464 Megaira

464 Megaira (prov. designation: or ) is a dark and large background asteroid, approximately 77 km in diameter, located in the central region of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by astronomer Max Wolf at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany on 9 January 1901. The carbonaceous C-type asteroid (FX) has a rotation period of 12.9 hours. It was named after Megaera from Greek mythology.

Orbit and classification
Megaira is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population when applying the hierarchical clustering method to its proper orbital elements. It orbits the Sun in the central asteroid belt at a distance of 2.2–3.4 AU once every 4 years and 8 months (1,712 days; semi-major axis of 2.8 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.21 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg Observatory with its official discovery observation on 9 January 1901.

Naming
This minor planet was named after Megaera, the avenging spirit from Greek mythology. She is one of the three Erinyes (Furies), who bring retribution on those guilty of sins. The was also mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 50). It was the first numbered minor planet detected in the 20th century.

Physical characteristics
In the Tholen classification-SMASS classification, Megaira is closest to a dark F-type asteroid, and somewhat similar to an X-type, though with an unusual (U) and noisy spectra. In the Bus–Binzel SMASS classification it is a common carbonaceous C-type asteroid.

Rotation period
In March 2019, a rotational lightcurve of Megaira was obtained from photometric observations by Frederick Pilcher. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of $74.04 km$ hours with a brightness variation of $77.056 km$ magnitude (U=3). The result supersedes previously published period determinations.

Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Megaira measures between 55.09 and 85.50 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.03 and 0.06. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link takes an albedo of 0.0469 from Petr Pravec's revised WISE data and calculates a diameter of 78.29 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.47.

title: 464 Megaira


text:
User talk:195.195.239.163

October 2016
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title: User talk:195.195.239.163


text:
Jimmy Logan

James Allan Short, OBE, FRSAMD (4 April 1928 – 13 April 2001), known professionally as Jimmy Logan, was a Scottish performer, theatrical producer, impresario and director.

Family
Logan was born in Dennistoun, Glasgow, a member of a family of entertainers; the tradition began with his parents (Jack Short and Mary Dalziel "May" Allan) who were the music hall act Short and Dalziel. His aunt, from whom he took his stage surname, was Broadway performer Ella Logan. He had four siblings including actress/singer Annie Ross.

Career
Educated at Gourock High School, Inverclyde, and latterly Bellahouston Academy, Glasgow, Logan left school at the age of 14. His family, in the 1930s and 1940s, toured the small music halls of Scotland and Northern Ireland and ran seasons at the Metropole, Glasgow and in the Theatre, Paisley, where Logan became house manager for the family. He was in pantomime by 1944, playing the cat in Dick Whittington and His Cat, and soon became a comedy star with BBC Scotland. His connection with pantomime continued throughout his life, most famously with the long-running pantomimes produced by Howard & Wyndham in Glasgow, Edinburgh, Newcastle and Aberdeen.

Logan, starring with Jack Radcliffe and Eve Boswell, held the record number of performances of the famed Five Past Eight shows staged each summer at the Alhambra Theatre. Logan purchased the Empress Theatre for £80,000 in 1964. He refurbished it, reopening it as the New Metropole. One of the last events to be staged there was the first Scottish production of the rock musical Hair.

His first acting role was in the film Floodtide (1949), a drama set on Clydeside.

His other film roles included The Wild Affair (1964), Carry On Abroad (1972), Carry On Girls (1973), Living Apart Together (1982), Captain Jack (1999), and The Debt Collector (1999) with Billy Connolly. His London stage debut came in The Mating Game (1973).

He staged an adaptation of Oor Wullie, the Sunday Post comic strip character, for the Dundee stage. His one-man musical based on the life of Scottish entertainer Sir Harry Lauder was called Lauder (1976). Logan collected Lauder memorabilia, which is now housed in the Scottish Theatre Archive at the University of Glasgow.

Other theatrical events included The Entertainer (1984), Brighton Beach Memoirs (1989), Bill Bryden's The Ship, The Comedians (1991), On Golden Pond (1996) and Death of a Salesman at the Pitlochry Festival (1992). In 1991, he had a supporting role in the Swedish comedy film Den ofrivillige golfaren which was partly filmed in Scotland.

Logan was awarded an honorary doctorate by Glasgow Caledonian University (1994), honoured with the Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for "services to Scottish theatre" in 1996, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in 1998.

His last two performances were at Pitlochry Festival Theatre and Glasgow's Pavilion Theatre respectively. An extensive archive of his personal papers and performance ephemera is now held by the Royal Conservatoire of Scotland archives.

Logan published his autobiography, It's a Funny Life, in 1998.

Death
Logan died of cancer in a hospital in Clydebank, West Dunbartonshire, Scotland, nine days after his 73rd birthday.

title: Jimmy Logan


text:
User talk:Santosh Maharshi

Welcome!
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Where to ask a question or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Rob Church Talk 11:48, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Santosh Maharshi


text:
465 Alekto

Alekto (minor planet designation: 465 Alekto) is a main-belt asteroid. It was discovered by Max Wolf on January 13, 1901. Its provisional name was 1901 FW. It is named for Alecto from Greek Mythology.

title: 465 Alekto


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Herbig-Haro object

Herbig-Haro object
I've been working on this recently, with help from peer review. I think it's pretty comprehensive, I hope it's not bogged down with astro-cruft, and I seek your views on whether it is up to featured standards. Worldtraveller 11:48, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I had no idea those existed. I'll make sure to review this before the period ends. By the way, I did make a small stylistic change. I think you had two phrases mixed up in the lead. - Mgm|(talk) 21:49, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Conditional support, very intersting article. One minor things needs fixing- the numbers of the references and those in the text don't match- and they probably should.--nixie 08:18, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Good point - I took off the reference numbering, it was not really needed, and added a couple of other cite points as well. Worldtraveller 13:47, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Object for now. I fixed a few problems, but there's still things that could be improved. I've stricken my vote, until I've had the chance to check the improvements. - Mgm|(talk) 14:58, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) "However, T Tauri was found to be a very young and variable star, after which a class of similar objects are known as T Tauri stars." Things aren't known after something, they're named after or known as. Please fix the sentence to indicate your meaning.
 * Hopefully clarified now.
 * 1) The words "collimated", "coalescing" and "accreting" needs a short explanation in the article. The last could probably be replaced with a more common word.
 * Have added explanations, hope they are clear.
 * 1) You repeatedly mention this is common in young stars. How old can stars be and still be considered young?
 * Added ages in a few places to answer this question.
 * 1) What is a binary system in regard to stars?
 * Added explanation
 * 1) The last sentence appears to be an opinion. What is your source for it? - Mgm|(talk) 08:29, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Source now cited. Thanks for your comments and editing! Worldtraveller 13:47, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. My objections have been addressed. Great article! -Mgm|(talk) 15:06, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support I helped out in peer review so of course I'm going to support :) Ryan Norton T 17:33, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Nicely done.Kevin M Marshall 22:21, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose Support (see below). The drawing should be a SVG not a png. Most of the uploaded nasa images are too small for good print use, we often get request for larger images. 1200px in one dimension would be good, if larger images are not available at the source site we should ask for some. Also, a media resizing bug is making the animated gif display full of snow. --Gmaxwell 22:41, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the comments, but I'm not sure I see why the format of the drawing matters. Also, I'm sure I can find some bigger images but don't see any requirement for a certain image size in FAC criteria?  Not sure what to do about the resize bug, any thought? Worldtraveller 22:54, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * No, it does not. The only thing concerning images that it is not an image overkill and that the image is free for us to use. But if the animation is causing problems, it could be removed. As for an image not being in svg, Sofixit yourself. Zach (Sound Off) 05:43, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * That's more of an objection that would fit with an FP nomination. Featured articles don't neccesarily need images, so asking for a certain quality for something that isn't mandatory to begin with, while actionable isn't something I think should be acted upon. - Mgm|(talk) 14:38, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia frequently recieves requests for information about where to request higher resolution images by users with a neet to print our works, we simply are not doing a good job if we fail to make an effort to provide images with a resolution high enough for print. While it is true that we can feature an article without images, it is fairly rare, and I suggest that it's unlikely that we will feature any more without images or other illustrations except in cases where the subject is diffcult to describe visually. Simply put, a large number of our articles now have very high quality illustrations and therefor an article is not an example of our best work without them. In this case it is especially sad, because the bulk of the images do exist in a very high resolution form, but no one has made the effort to go find anything but little web resolution images... and because the animation which would otherwise be wonderful, now looks terrible, just because of a mediawiki bug.  As for the so fix it, I went through peer review requests a few weeks ago and made SVGs for most of the articles that needed them. That I haven't had the time to do one more for this article does not decrease the point that the article isn't the best we have to offer without it. --Gmaxwell 15:25, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I forgot the mention the biggest point for making objecting over the lack of a SVG: The orignal author of such diagrams frequently made them in a vector drawing package whos native format can be converted directly into SVG with little effort. The alternative is for someone else to waste a half hour recreating the image... Which I've now done. The animation still looks terrible due to the mediawiki resizing bug, and most of the rest are still too small. I've demonstrated that I'm willing to address the issues I've raised, but is anyone else? --Gmaxwell 16:33, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Support. (after edit conflict). A very complete article. Hugely improved since the last time I looked at it in July. I don't consider the images to be such a big issue, specially if their source is clear; that would allow somebody to check there if necesary. -- Rune Welsh | ταλκ | Esperanza  15:32, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've fixed the diagram, I've now fixed the animation. (compare and ). However, two of the three NASA photos do not provide any URL, and the one which is provided isn't to the ultimate source site. Perhaps I'm stupid, but googling just brings me to mirros of the article. The quality of HH32 is poor enough that it even looks somewhat bad on the screen. Since you seem to think it would be easy to get better images from the source, could you please give it a shot? Thanks. --Gmaxwell 16:59, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

Take your pick:
 * HH32: here or here.
 * HH47.

And to boot:
 * HH30 - Top left.

To be honest, I was not hable to find a better picture of HH1/2 than the one we already have on the site. However, note that these images linked above are pretty much from the source. It can't really get much better without having to process them yourself from raw data, IMO. Cheers. -- Rune Welsh | ταλκ | Esperanza  20:05, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Great. Thanks! I uploaded highres versions where they were available, and combined multiple versions of HH47 to fill in the corners. I guess they are about as good as they are going to get for now. --Gmaxwell 05:19, 10 October 2005 (UTC)


text: Category:Education in Uzbekistan

title: Category:Education in Uzbekistan


text:
Scrophularia marilandica

Scrophularia marilandica, also called late figwort, Maryland figwort, carpenter's square, or eastern figwort, is a flowering plant in the family Scrophulariaceae, native throughout eastern and central North America, where it is found growing in dry woods from Manitoba and Quebec south to Texas and Florida.

It grows 1.5 - 3 m tall, with opposite, ovate leaves up to 15 cm long and 9 cm broad. The flowers are rounded, 8 - 9 mm long, with a cup-like mouth that look somewhat like a horse's mouth with a bad overbite; they are a deep reddish-purple color on the inside, with a greenish to almost brown cast on the outside. They are commonly visited by hummingbirds in late summer.

Past common names for Scrophularia marilandica have included heal-all, pilewort, and scrofula-plant. It was once used in an ailment called "figs" to treat piles. During the 19th century, the root was used in an infusion to treat insomnia and anxiety.

title: Scrophularia marilandica


text:
Psygnosis

Psygnosis Limited (/sɪɡˈnəʊ.sɪs/; known as SCE Studio Liverpool or simply Studio Liverpool from 1999) was a British video game developer and publisher headquartered at Wavertree Technology Park in Liverpool. Founded in 1984 by Ian Hetherington, Jonathan Ellis, and David Lawson, the company initially became known for well-received games on the Atari ST and Amiga. In 1993, it became a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Computer Entertainment (SCE) and began developing games for the original PlayStation. It later became a part of SCE Worldwide Studios. The company was the oldest and second largest development house within SCE's European stable of developers, and became best known for franchises such as Lemmings, Wipeout, Formula One, and Colony Wars.

Reports of Studio Liverpool's closure surfaced on 22 August 2012, with Edge quoting staff tweets. Staff members were told the news by Michael Denny, vice president of Sony Worldwide Studios Europe. Sony said that the Liverpool site would remain in operation, as it was still home to many Sony Departments. At the time of its closure, it employed roughly 100 people comprising two development teams. Mick Hocking oversaw Studio Liverpool's operations as its last Group Studio Director, a position he continued to hold within Evolution Studios.

Psygnosis still exists as a legal entity under Sony and continues to make legal filings, but has had no developers since 2012. In December 2021, Sony renewed Psygnosis' logo and trademarks despite not using the Psygnosis branding since 2000, though this is thought to be standard filing practice as trademarks last for a decade in the United States and Sony had previously filed renewal applications in 2011 as well.

History

Psygnosis was the eventual successor of the defunct 8-bit software house Imagine Software, where Lawson was one of the founders and Hetherington was financial director. Finchspeed, a company created by the directors, attempted to acquire the assets of the failing company but this was unsuccessful and the remains of Imagine, including their much-hyped but never completed "megagames", were sold by the receivers. While the name and trademarks were bought by Ocean Software, Sinclair Research paid a rumoured £100,000 for the rights to Bandersnatch and contracted a new company set up by Hetherington and Lawson, Fire Iron, to produce the game for the Sinclair QL for release in early 1985.

Sinclair withdrew funding from Fire Iron in early 1985 and Psygnosis, which became a limited company under United Kingdom company law in July 1985, launched their first title Brataccas, which featured many of the concepts originally intended for Bandersnatch, at the 1985 Personal Computer World show in September.

The name of another Imagine Megagame (the proposed but never developed Psyclapse) was later used by Psygnosis as an alternative label for some of its releases, such as Ballistix and Captain Fizz Meets The Blaster-Trons.

The box artwork was very distinctive with a black background and fantasy artwork by Roger Dean bordered in red. This style was maintained for the better part of 10 years. For the next few years, Psygnosis' releases contained increasingly improved graphics, but were marred by similarly difficult gameplay and control methods. The original company headquarters were located at the Port of Liverpool Building at the Pier Head in Liverpool, but soon moved to Century Buildings in Liverpool's Brunswick Business Park, and later moved down the road to South Harrington Building by the docks.

Although Psygnosis primarily became a game publisher, some games were developed fully or partly in-house. During the early days, artists were employed full-time at the headquarters, offering third-party developers, who were often just single programmers, a high-quality art resource. This allowed Psygnosis to maintain high graphical standards across the board. The original artists were Garvan Corbett, Jeff Bramfitt, Colin Rushby and Jim Bowers, with Neil Thompson joining a little later.

Obliterator, released in 1988, contained an opening animation by Jim Bowers. This short scene would pave the way for increasingly sophisticated intro animations, starting with 2D hand drawn sequences, and progressing into FMV and 3D rendered movies created with Sculpt 4D on the Amiga. Eventually, Psygnosis would buy Silicon Graphics workstations for the sole purpose of creating these animations.

While most game companies of the mid-to-late 1980s (including Psygnosis) were releasing identical games on both the Amiga and Atari ST, Psygnosis started to use the full potential of the Amiga's more powerful hardware to produce technically stunning games, with the landmark title Shadow of the Beast bringing the company its greatest success so far in 1989. Its multi-layered parallax scrolling and music were highly advanced for the time and as such led to the game being used as a showcase demonstration for the Amiga in many computer shops.

Psygnosis consolidated its fame after publishing the DMA Design Lemmings game franchise: debuting in 1991 on the Amiga, Lemmings was ported to a plethora of different computer and video game platforms, generating many sequels and variations of its concept through the years. Microcosm, a game that appeared on the FM Towns, Amiga CD32, and 3DO furthered the company's reputation for games with excellent graphics but limited and poorly designed gameplay.

Psygnosis also created the "Face-Off" games in the Nickelodeon 1992 television game show, Nick Arcade, such as "Post Haste", "Jet Jocks" and "Battle of the Bands".

In 1993 the company was acquired by Sony Electronic Publishing. The acquisition cost Sony £20 million. In preparation for the September 1995 introduction of Sony's PlayStation console in Western markets, Psygnosis started creating games using the PlayStation as primary reference hardware. Among the most famous creations of this period were Wipeout, G-Police, and the Colony Wars series, some of which were ported to PC and to other platforms. The PlayStation marked a turning point in Psygnosis's game design, moving away from the prerendered graphics and limited gameplay that the company had become associated with. This was a successful period for the company; in the 1995–96 financial year, Psygnosis games accounted for 40% of all video games sales in Europe.

The acquisition was rewarding for Sony in another aspect: development kits for PlayStation consoles. As it had previously published PSY-Q development kits for various consoles by SN Systems, Psygnosis arranged for them to create a development system for the PS based on cheap PC hardware. Sony evaluated the system during CES in January 1994 and decided to adopt it.

As Psygnosis expanded after the Sony buyout, another satellite office was opened in Century Building with later offices opening in Stroud, London, Chester, Paris, Germany, and Foster City in California (as the Customer Support & Marketing with software development done in San Francisco), now the home of Sony Computer Entertainment America. The company headquarters has resided at Wavertree Technology Park since 1995.

The Stroud studio was opened in November 1993 in order to attract disgruntled MicroProse employees. Staff grew from initially about 50 to about 70 in 1997. Among the titles created at Stroud are Overboard! and G-Police. The Wheelhouse—its publishing name—was closed in 2000 as part of the Sony Computer Entertainment takeover of Psygnosis. Some members joined Bristol-based Rage Software, but faced a similar demise a number of years later.

Despite being owned by Sony, Psygnosis retained a degree of independence from its parent company during this period and continued to develop and publish titles for other platforms, including the Sega Saturn and the Nintendo 64. This caused friction between Psygnosis and Sony, and in 1996 Sony engaged SBC Warburg's services in finding a buyer for Psygnosis. However, though bids reportedly went as high as $300 million (more than ten times what Sony paid for the company just three years before), after six months Sony rescinded its decision to sell Psygnosis. Relations between the two companies had improved during this time, and Sony became reconciled to Psygnosis releasing games for competing platforms. Shortly after, Psygnosis took over distribution of its own titles, a task that Sony had been handling following the buyout.

As Studio Liverpool
In 1999, a process to consolidate Psygnosis into Sony Computer Entertainment was underway, resulting in the bulk of Psygnosis' sales, marketing and PR staff being made redundant and the development teams reporting directly into Sony Computer Entertainment Europe's president of software development. To reflect this, in 2000, the Psygnosis brand was dropped in favour of SCE Studio Liverpool.

The newly named SCE Studio Liverpool released its first title, Formula One 2001, in 2001. The game was also the studio's first release on the PlayStation 2, and the first entry in the Formula One series after taking over from developer Studio 33. From 2001 to 2007, Studio Liverpool released eight instalments in the series between the PlayStation 2, PlayStation Portable and PlayStation 3. However, Sony Computer Entertainment's exclusive licence with the Formula One Group expired, without renewal, before the 2007 season, marking the end of any further Formula One series instalments from the developer.

Studio Liverpool also created Wipeout Fusion, the first of two instalments of the series on the PlayStation 2, released in 2002. Next they developed Wipeout Pure for the PlayStation Portable, which launched alongside the handheld in 2005 to significant acclaim, with many media outlets heralding it a return to glory for the series. They followed up with the sequel Wipeout Pulse in 2007 which was later ported to the PlayStation 2 and released in Europe.

In 2008 it released Wipeout HD, a downloadable title for the PlayStation 3's PlayStation Network service, consisting of various courses taken from both Wipeout Pure and Wipeout Pulse remade in high definition. An expansion pack for Wipeout HD named Wipeout HD Fury is available at PlayStation Network, including new game modes, new tracks, new music and new ship skins/models. In 2007, a copy of Manhunt 2 was leaked online prior to its release by an employee from the Sony Europe Liverpool office.

On 29 January 2010, Sony made a public statement. The closure of Studio Liverpool was announced on 22 August 2012. In a press release, Sony stated that after an assessment of all European studios, it had decided to close Studio Liverpool. Sony said that the Liverpool site would remain in operation, as it is home to a number of Sony World Wide Studios and SCEE Departments.

Eurogamer was told by an unnamed source that, at the time of its closure, Studio Liverpool was working on two PlayStation 4 launch titles. One was a Wipeout title described as "dramatically different"; the other was a motion capture-based game along the lines of Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell.

Spin-off studios
In 2013 a number of former Studio Liverpool employees formed two new studios: Firesprite which worked on the visuals of The Playroom for the PlayStation 4, and Playrise Digital who had success with their Table Top Racing games. In September 2021, Sony acquired Firesprite.

XDev
XDev, Sony's external development studio, is responsible for managing the development of titles at developers that are outside of Sony's own developer group. It has won 14 British Academy (BAFTA) video game awards and AIAS awards for LittleBigPlanet, 3 BAFTA awards for the Buzz! series and Develop Industry Excellence Awards for MotorStorm and Buzz!.

title: Psygnosis


text:
HMS Ulysses (novel)

HMS Ulysses was the debut novel by Scottish author Alistair MacLean. Originally published in 1955, it was also released by Fontana Books in 1960. MacLean's experiences in the Royal Navy during World War II provided the background and the Arctic convoys to Murmansk provided the basis for the story, which was written at a publisher's request after he'd won a short-story competition the previous year.

Some editions carry a prefatory note disavowing any connection between the fictional cruiser HMS Ulysses and the U-class destroyer of the same name.

Plot
The novel features HMS Ulysses, a light cruiser that is well armed and among the fastest ships in the world. Her crew is pushed well beyond the limits of endurance and the book starts in the aftermath of a mutiny. Ulysses puts to sea again to escort FR-77, a vital convoy heading for Murmansk. They are beset by numerous challenges: an unusually fierce Arctic storm, German ships and U-boats, as well as air attacks. All slowly reduce the convoy from 32 ships to only five. Ulysses is sunk in a failed attempt to ram a German cruiser after all her other weapons had been destroyed. This echoes events in which British G-class destroyer HMS Glowworm (H92) and HMS Jervis Bay, an armed merchant cruiser, sacrificed themselves by engaging larger opponents.

Ships featured in HMS Ulysses
HMS Ulysses is similar to the real Dido-class cruiser cruisers. MacLean had served in HMS Royalist (89) of that class.

HMS Stirling is an obsolete World War I-era C-class cruiser of the Ceres sub-group (referred to as Cardiff Class in the novel). Stirling is virtually untouched during most of the novel, until the final act where Stirling is repeatedly attacked by dive bombers.

Aircraft carriers Defender, Invader, Wrestler and Blue Ranger, are American-built escort carriers. Accidents and enemy attacks conspire to remove all the aircraft carriers from service before the convoy is even halfway to Russia. Defender in particular is rendered inoperable due to a freak accident: the flight deck is partially torn off during a heavy storm.

Smaller escorts included HMS Sirrus, an S-class destroyer, the most newly built warship in the escort group. HMS Vectra and HMS Viking, World War I-vintage V and W-class destroyers. HMS Portpatrick, a Town-class destroyer, another obsolete World War I design. HMS Baliol, a Type 1 Hunt-class destroyer described as "diminutive" and completely unseaworthy for the harsh weather of the North Atlantic.

Furthermore, there is HMS Nairn, a River-class frigate, HMS Eager, a Fleet Minesweeper, and HMS Gannet, a Kingfisher-class sloop sloop, nicknamed Huntley and Palmer due to her boxy superstructure resembling a biscuit tin.

Background
Alistair Maclean had written a short story, which was published to acclaim. A literary agent asked him to write a novel and Maclean originally refused, believing there was no future in it. However his boat business failed so he decided to write a novel. The book was based on real life convoys Maclean had participated in when a sailor aboard HMS Royalist.

Maclean later described his writing process: "I drew a cross square, lines down representing the characters, lines across representing chapters 1-15. Most of the characters died, in fact only one survived the book, but when I came to the end the graph looked somewhat lopsided, there were too many people dying in the first, fifth and tenth chapters so I had to rewrite it, giving an even dying space throughout. I suppose it sounds cold blooded and calculated, but that's the way I did it."

Reception
The book sold a quarter of a million copies in hardback in Britain in the first six months of publication. It went on to sell millions more.

Literary significance and criticism
The novel received good critical notices, with a number of reviewers putting it in the same class as two other 1950s classic tales of World War II at sea, Herman Wouk's The Caine Mutiny and Nicholas Monsarrat's The Cruel Sea.

Allusions/references from other works
The same background of the World War II Murmansk convoys, with the combination of extreme belligerent action and inhospitable nature pushing protagonists to the edge of endurance and beyond, appears in Dutch novelist Jan de Hartog's The Captain (1967). Comparisons may also be drawn with Wolfgang Ott's 1957 novel Sharks and Little Fish, written from the viewpoint of a sailor who serves on surface ships and submarines of the World War II German navy, the Kriegsmarine.

The use of ship names derived from classical mythology is a well-established practice of the Royal Navy. However, commentator Bill Baley suggests that the choice of Ulysses might have been less than accidental. "Unlike in Joyce's famous book, there are here no specific scenes clearly reminiscent of specific ones in Homer's Odyssey; but overall, it was Homer's Ulysses who gave Western culture the enduring template of a long and harrowing sea voyage where peril waits at every moment and of which few of the crew would survive to see the end."

References to HMS Ulysses in other works
Valentin Pikul chose a quotation from the novel as an epigraph to his Requiem for Convoy PQ-17.

Abandoned film projects
Film rights were bought by Robert Clark of Associated British Picture Corporation in the 1950s for £30,000. He arranged for a script to be written by R. C. Sherriff, who had just adapted The Dambusters for Associated British; because of the amount of naval detail included, it proved troublesome for Sherriff. However, ABPC never made the film. Another proposed film version was announced by the Rank Organisation at the Cannes Film Festival in 1980 but then was abandoned when Rank pulled out of filmmaking.

HMS Ulysses has never been filmed but it was adapted by Nick McCarty for a BBC Radio 4 play of the same name which was first aired on 14 June 1997 in the Classic Play series. It starred Sir Derek Jacobi as Captain Vallery and Sir Donald Sinden as Admiral Starr.

Japanese Manga
HMS Ulysses was serialized in Weekly Shōnen Sunday as Japanese Manga arranged by Kai Takizawa and illustrated by Taiyou Noguchi in 1970. But the Manga has never been published as the Tankōbon.

title: HMS Ulysses (novel)


text:
466 Tisiphone

Tisiphone (minor planet designation: 466 Tisiphone) is an asteroid which orbits among the Cybele family of asteroids.

Discovery
It was discovered by Max Wolf and Luigi Carnera on January 17, 1901, and was assigned the provisional designation 1901 FX. It was named after Tisiphone of Greek mythology.

Physical properties
A number of positional observations of Tisiphone were carried out in 1907, 1913, and 1914.

In 1992 a simple check of 466 Tisiphone's position was made by the Association of Lunar and Planetary Observers (ALPO). The asteroid was found to be in the expected position to within observational errors. Further checks were carried out in 1996, and 2006 with the asteroid in its expected position both times.

In 1997 Tisiphone was studied by Worman and Christianson at the Feder Observatory located near Minnesota State University, Moorhead, with the goal of determining its rotational period. A period of 8.824 ± 0.009 was arrived at, with the lightcurve data showing two distinct maxima and minima in its rotation.

In 2001 Lagerkvist et al. published their results on a study of the Cybele asteroid family, which includes 466 Tisiphone. Relative photometric observations of Tisiphone were carried out in 1998 and 1999 using the 1.2 m telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory located at the Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie in Heidelberg, Germany. They were able to confirm the 8.8 hour rotation period obtained by Worman and Christianson.

In 2006 Fornasier et al. published polarimetric data for a number of asteroids, including 466 Tisiphone.

title: 466 Tisiphone


text:
ACIA

ACIA may refer to:

 * Arctic Climate Impact Assessment, a study
 * Asynchronous Communications Interface Adapter, integrated circuits like MOS6551 and MC6850
 * American Committee for Armenian Independence, an early 20th-century support organization
 * ASEAN Comprehensive Investment Agreement, an agreement signed by ten ASEAN countries on February 26, 2009, to further liberalize investment regimes with the end goal of the AEC

Not to be confused with:

 * Açaí palm, of which the Açaí Berry is the fruit

title: ACIA


text:
467 Laura

Laura (minor planet designation: 467 Laura) (1901 FY) is Main-belt asteroid discovered on 9 January 1901 by Max Wolf at Heidelberg. The semi-major axis of the orbit of 467 Laura lies just inside the 7/3 Kirkwood gap, located at 2.95 AU. It's named after the character Laura from Amilcare Ponchielli's opera La Gioconda.

title: 467 Laura