text:
User talk:TVSRR/archive1

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:

How to edit a page Editing tutorial Picture tutorial How to write a great article Naming conventions Manual of Style I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: TVSRR. Four tildes (TVSRR 23:26, 12 October 2005 (UTC)) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! -- Graham ☺ | Talk 03:32, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC)

TVSRR, I'm the guy who put the Trewsville Southern Railroad page on Votes for Deletion. I wanted to let you know it wasn't because there was anything wrong with your article per se. I don't intend my placement of your article on VfD as a personal attack, and I really hope you don't take it that way. It's just that it doesn't seem notable for the general public. Is there anything about your railroad that makes it clearly stand out from others? Has it won any notable awards? Is it on public display anywhere? If you truly feel the article belongs in the Wikipedia article space, feel free to make a comment on the Votes for Deletion entry for the article. If not, I'd strongly suggest putting the article content on your user page. As you spend more time on Wikipedia, you'll no doubt learn to avoid mistakes like this. Thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia, and welcome. --Szyslak 04:35, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Contents [hide] 1 Image info 2 Image:2004 1029Image0047.JPG 3 License Plate Photo and Text 4 Multiple Orphan Pics 5 Commons 6 Image:2004 1029Image0047.JPG 7 Image up for deletion 8 Image:Tvsrr2.jpg 9 Your vanity plate 10 Thank you for your participation 11 Ascot Park 12 copyvio

[edit] Image info Hello. Would you please add source info and copyright tags to the image description pages of Image:F1 SC.jpg and Image:Indy2004.jpg? To be used on Wikipedia they need to be in the public domain or licensed under the GFDL or a similar license. Alternatively, you could claim fair use. It is my understanding that you are only likely to be able to claim fair use if the owner of the images has agreed for them to be used on Wikpedia or if they are official publicity images. If you need any help leave a message on my talk page. Thanks, SamH|Talk 19:03, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC).

Could you do the same for Image:RIR map.gif? Great image, but, unfortunately, we can't use it unless it's freely licensed or is acceptable fair use. --Slowking Man 00:39, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC) [edit] Image:2004 1029Image0047.JPG Image deletion warning The image Image:2004 1029Image0047.JPG has been listed at Wikipedia:Possibly unfree images. If the image's copyright status cannot be verified, it will be deleted. If you have any information on the source or licensing of this image, please go there to provide the necessary information.

Burgundavia (✈ take a flight?) 06:13, May 10, 2005 (UTC)

For that image, I assume you took it, but it still needs a copyright tag. The most common is the GFDL, but there are others, which can be seen at Wikipedia:Copyrights. Burgundavia (✈ take a flight?) 22:59, May 13, 2005 (UTC) [edit] License Plate Photo and Text We know people can get practically everything on a license plate, so we don't need the redundancy of your addition of your favourite Choo-Choo on a license plate and a detailed guide for foamers on how to do their plates. Plus it there are some privacy concerns of posting in use active plates instead of disused or sample plates. Spotteddogsdotorg 05:27, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

[edit] Multiple Orphan Pics You have multiple orphan pics. Please visit: [[Wikipedia:Images_and_media_for_deletion#June_12]

I voted to keep the pics; they aren't orphan pics, had snide comments about railfans ("choo-choo" photos etc), and the same User:Spotteddogsdotorg who wants them gone also nominated articles on History of US and Canadian license plates and Historical Mississippi License Plates for deletion. Both nominations are getting delete votes from obvious sockpuppet accounts that have only been created recently and have mostly been used to vote on VfD. There's definitely some funny business going on. Thanks for the note. Kaibabsquirrel 20:42, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

[edit] Commons Hi Jason, and welcome to Wikipedia! You might be interested in the Wikimedia Commons, a project similar to Wikipedia but focusing on images. If you upload your photos there, they can be used by any Wikimedia project, including the Wikipedias in other languages. Also, for images on the Commons, there's no need for your images to all be used in articles. For example, see Commons:Category:Conwy, which I've lately been filling in. Only one of those photos is used at Conwy, which has a link at the bottom of the article to the complete collection. dbenbenn | talk 02:25, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Will do that after the inspection of my photos which are currently VFD right now TVSRR 10:57, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC) [edit] Image:2004 1029Image0047.JPG This image still needs a copyright tag. If you are uncertain about how to do that, give me a shout. Burgundavia (✈ take a flight?) 19:28, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for tagging this. Burgundavia (✈ take a flight?) 23:09, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC) [edit] Image up for deletion [edit] Image:Tvsrr2.jpg Image deletion warning Image:Tvsrr2.jpg has been listed at Wikipedia:Images and media for deletion. If you feel that this image should not be deleted, please go there to voice your opinion.

I submitted this as it only appears on your user page and is unencyclopedic. If you want to promote your model railroad try Geocities as they have free web space. FunkyChicken! 12:42, July 14, 2005 (UTC)

I wouldn't take that too seroiusly. Maybe FunkyChicken opposes any and all user page images? ;-)--Janke | Talk 09:26, 17 July 2005 (UTC) I can understand, spotteddogsdotorg sure could not stand my railroad pics and my vanity plate. Thanks for your support. TVSRR 19:37, 17 July 2005 (UTC) [edit] Your vanity plate This Georgia plate is a railroad reference. (photo illustration)I hope you aren't offended that I replaced the photo of your plate on the vanity plate page with the photo illustration seen here. Perhaps this will end the editing war nonsense. I hope you don't take this the wrong way, but your photo wasn't that good, you may want to try it without the flash or remove the plate from the car and place it on your scanner, since that works nicely. If you have any objections I will not be offended if you change it back. WashingtonWillie 14:25, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

I will be making a better photo of the plate number in question, the one I took was shot in the dark with the flashlight aimed at it. TVSRR 15:21, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

I'd recomend the scanner, since it will eliminate any lighting problems that the Scotchlite on the plate poses with flash photography. It also makes for a very high quality image. The only downside is you have to remove the plate from the car. WashingtonWillie 15:50, 18 July 2005 (UTC)

I just got the new photo up thanks to my digital camera, the image is below a better version of the railfan tag with the correct county namefor Easy reference. TVSRR 21:05, 18 July 2005 (UTC) [edit] Thank you for your participation You have all been unwitting participants in a peice of performance art entitled "Wikipedia Project: Spring-Summer 2005". All of this has been a big giant peice of art involving several people throughout North America. Thanks for unwittingly playing your roles to a tee. TheSpottedDogsOrganisation 13:05, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

[edit] Ascot Park Your new stub on Ascot Park caught my eye. I hope that what I think I know about the track is accurate. — Mark (Mkmcconn) ** 03:09, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Anything can help, I used to watch the races there on ESPN Thursday Night Thunder TVSRR 03:12, 2 October 2005 (UTC) [edit] copyvio Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! We welcome and appreciate your contributions, such as Newhall Incident, but we regretfully cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from either web sites or printed material. For more information about Wikipedia's policies and guidelines, take a look at our Five Pillars. Happy editing!

lots of issues | leave me a message 00:52, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

I have been here since 2004 and have been either making new pages or making minor changes on here, so don't call me a rookie. And I am sorry about adding the Newhall Incident on here. TVSRR 02:43, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:TVSRR/archive1


text:
Mahpiya Ska

Mahpiya Ska (Sioux language) or White Cloud (July 10, 1996 - November 14, 2016) was an albino female buffalo primarily residing at the National Buffalo Museum located in Jamestown, North Dakota. She was on loan to the museum and the project caring for her was funded by the City of Jamestown for approximately $10,000 per year. She was certified a true Albino American Bison. She died November 14, 2016, at her birthplace herd that she had been returned to, Shirek Buffalo Ranch.

White Cloud, like most albino buffalo, was almost totally deaf and had limited vision and joined the herd located at the museum in 1997. She gave birth to several calves, although none of them were pure white. Native Americans from all over America performed sacred pilgrimages to visit her. She was allowed to roam freely within a several hundred acre expanse of the museum grounds. The fence outside of her compound in Jamestown was tied with hundreds of prayer and ribbon bundles from Native Americans who traveled thousands of miles to offer prayers and receive blessings.

According to Buffalo Tales, the newsletter of the North Dakota Buffalo Foundation and the National Buffalo Museum, White Cloud had a white calf on August 31, 2007. According to the newsletter and the museum's website this was White Cloud's first white calf. Museum officials determined that the calf was a male, but it would not be named until January 2008. The museum solicited suggestions from the public for a name for the calf until November 30, 2007. Finally, the name Dakota Miracle was decided on. While Dakota Miracle is white, he is not albino like his mother.

White Cloud was born on July 10, 1996, on the Shirek Buffalo Farm in Michigan, North Dakota. She was DNA tested for albino genes and cattle genes before she went to the National Buffalo Museum in Jamestown, North Dakota in May 1997. The results of those tests indicated that she was pure albino and also pure bison (commonly known as buffalo). It is not known for sure whether or not White Cloud's white calf is also a true albino. The white calf was produced when White Cloud mated with her first male calf, a normally brown-colored bison.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Mahpiya Ska


text:
Talk:Cinderella (1950 film)

Requested move
This page needs to be moved to Cinderella (1950 film) as per the naming convention set out at Naming conventions (films). Ianblair23 (talk) 23:28, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose
 * Are you seriously requesting that all pages with (movie) in their titles be renamed to the same thing ending in (film)? There are a helluva huge lot of them.
 * IIUC, "movie" is more of a US term while "film" is a more British synonym (though I guess both are understood on both sides of the Atlantic). According to WP:MOS, when talking of something from the US (like a Disney film/movie), US terminology should be used.
 * In the light of the above two remarks, I interpret Naming conventions (films) as applying mutatis mutandis, with the word "film" replaced by "movie", to North-American productions.
 * - Tonymec 01:19, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Decision
This page was moved from "Cinderella (1950 movie)" to "Cinderella (1950 film)" as per the naming convention set out at Naming conventions (films) by RN at 15:43, 18 October 2005 (UTC). -- Ianblair23 (talk) 03:34, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

Shouldn't we mention...
Cinderella II? --Wack'd About Wiki 15:37, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I would only like to warn people not to see Cinderella 2. mice 06:46, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

Tremaine
Is that a last name? I'd really like to know. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wack'd (talk • contribs) 12:49, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Don't know, but I cut down references to it in the cleanup. Mhoskins (talk) 06:52, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

Cinderella 1988 previews
— Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.239.38.156 (talk) 21:15, 16 May 2007 (UTC)
 * 1) Red FBI Screens
 * 2) Green Preview screen
 * 3) Oliver and Company trailer
 * 4) Walt Disney Classics prototype logo (1988-1989, 1991)

Fair use rationale for Image:Cindyposter.jpg
Image:Cindyposter.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 15:52, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

Trivia
Removed trivia section. Most of it was merged into the History section, and some of it was obvious IMDB-level movie trivia. Outski. Mhoskins (talk) 06:52, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

Is this trivia or relevant to the article?
No one can explain why the glass slipper didn't change at midnight, just as everything else that was created by majic, changed back to it's orignal form. Execpt, that If the glass slipper had changed at midnight, then the prince wouldn't have been able to use it to find Cinderella.204.80.61.110 (talk) 20:56, 27 March 2009 (UTC)Bennett Turk

 * It isn't notable enough. BOVINEBOY 2008 21:51, 27 March 2009 (UTC)

Gift Sets and Links
Please change "It was released on VHS video and laserdisc in 1988 ("The Classics" video issue, becoming the first video to feature the "Sorcerer Mickey" Classics logo before the film) and 1995 (Masterpiece Collection video issue) with a 1950s Buena Vista logo added. The original 1988 Classics release also had a promotion with a free lithograph reproduction for those who pre-ordered the video before its release date. Disney then restored and remastered the movie for its October 4, 2005 release as the sixth installment of Disney's Platinum Edition series." to "It was released on VHS video and laserdisc in 1988 as part of the Walt Disney Classics collection, becoming the first video to feature the "Sorcerer Mickey" Classics logo before the film. This release also had a promotion with a free lithograph reproduction for those who pre-ordered the video before its release date. In 1995, the film received a Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection video issue with a 1950s Buena Vista logo added. A Limited Edition Gift Set was available, containing a documentary, the book "A Dream Come True: The Storybook and the Making of a Masterpiece", and a lithograph.  Disney then restored and remastered the movie for its October 4, 2005 release as the sixth installment of the Walt Disney Platinum Editions series.  A gift set containing the "A Dream Come True" book, sketches, and a senitype was also released." source 76.229.172.88 (talk) 04:06, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Not done, sorry, but ultimatedisney.com does not appear to be a reliable source. Please could you provide additional references, if possible, for verifiability? If so, please use another editsemiprotected tag. Thanks,  Chzz  ►  16:31, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

 * The 2005 Gift Set is definitely real: . If you still don't want to add it, could you at least add those links to the different Disney Video collections? Please change "It was released on VHS video and laserdisc in 1988 ("The Classics" video issue, becoming the first video to feature the "Sorcerer Mickey" Classics logo before the film) and 1995 (Masterpiece Collection video issue) with a 1950s Buena Vista logo added. The original 1988 Classics release also had a promotion with a free lithograph reproduction for those who pre-ordered the video before its release date. Disney then restored and remastered the movie for its October 4, 2005 release as the sixth installment of Disney's Platinum Edition series." to "It was released on VHS video and laserdisc in 1988 as part of the Walt Disney Classics collection, becoming the first video to feature the "Sorcerer Mickey" Classics logo before the film. This release also had a promotion with a free lithograph reproduction for those who pre-ordered the video before its release date. In 1995, the film received a Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection video issue with a 1950s Buena Vista logo added.  Disney then restored and remastered the movie for its October 4, 2005 release as the sixth installment of the Walt Disney Platinum Editions series.  A gift set containing the book "A Dream Come True: The Storybook and the Making of a Masterpiece", sketches, and a senitype was also released." or "It was released on VHS video and laserdisc in 1988 as part of the Walt Disney Classics collection, becoming the first video to feature the "Sorcerer Mickey" Classics logo before the film. This release also had a promotion with a free lithograph reproduction for those who pre-ordered the video before its release date. In 1995, the film received a Walt Disney Masterpiece Collection video issue with a 1950s Buena Vista logo added. Disney then restored and remastered the movie for its October 4, 2005 release as the sixth installment of the Walt Disney Platinum Editions series."  99.13.221.46 (talk) 01:57, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

Done Celestra (talk) 04:05, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

Articles for deletion/Drizella Tremaine (2nd nomination)
Drizella Tremaine is the black haired younger, ugly daughter of Cinderella's evil stepmother, Lady Tremaine.

Articles for deletion/Anastasia Tremaine Anastasia Tremaine is the redheaded older ugly daughter of Lady Tremaine.

FYI. Ikip (talk) 02:49, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

Sources for the production section?
Can anyone tell me what the sources are for the "production" section of this article? I'm specifically looking to verify the claim that:

"Walt Disney reportedly cut the scene because he thought it made Cinderella look 'spiteful' and felt the audience would lose sympathy for her."

I've not been able to back this up yet. Anyone know?

67.173.210.195 (talk) 15:17, 7 August 2009 (UTC)

 * There are no sources at all for that entire section, which is too bad because it looks like good information. I've tagged the section for references.  Powers T 13:52, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

Merge proposal
I come with this proposal to create a List of Disney's Cinderella characters and merge there Lady Tremaine and Gus and Jaq, as well as to move the Disney depictions of the Stepsisters into that article, as well as Lucifer's section which is already merged into Lady Tremaine. The list will also include sections on Prince Charming, the Fairy Godmother and more. This is primarily because almost none of these characters have managed to prove notability outside Cinderella. By this, I mean coverage by a vast amount of reliable secondary sources or impact in popular culture. Thoughts? -- LoЯd  ۞pεth  06:38, 4 December 2009 (UTC)

 * Why not. The Ugly sisters article as is, lends too much weight to the Disney depictions. I don't think that the other two really merit a standalone article.  pablo hablo. 09:32, 4 December 2009 (UTC)

 * Since there was no opposition within a week and no improvement of the articles, the mergers are being performed. -- LoЯd  ۞pεth  06:36, 11 December 2009 (UTC)

Reception
In the reception page it says that Disney Studios did not have a major success since Snow White and the Seven Dwarves. In fact, Bambi grossed $66 million in the box office - not too shabby - and Pinocchio grossed almost as much Cinderella did at $86 million. Both these films were made before Cinderella and after Snow White; I suggest removing this false fact. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.12.13.60 (talk) 03:53, 12 January 2010 (UTC)

 * And Dumbo was a financial success. Shouldn't that be mentioned too. — Preceding unsigned comment added by MonkeeJuice (talk • contribs) 19:33, 24 April 2010 (UTC)

Budget
Accordomg to the article, the budget was $2.9 million. Where does this number come from? In Neal Gabler's book about Walt Disney, the budged is mentioned to be $2.2 million. 84.210.60.115 (talk) 21:21, 23 January 2011 (UTC)

 * If true, it should be changed ... please provide citation information for this book you mentioned (title, page where info appears, etc.). -- McDoob  AU  93  01:51, 24 January 2011 (UTC)

Release section
I added a new release section to fit the MOS:Film. Does anyone have good sources for the early release dates? --TravisBernard (talk) 18:37, 11 November 2011 (UTC)

Home Media update
I was thinking about adding to the home media section of this article since Disney recently shared a press release announcing the film's Diamond Edition Blu-ray release.

Typically I would move forward with these changes, but I have a WP:COI working on this article. I am aware of the Wikipedia community's policies regarding WP:NPOV, and would like a second opinion before going forward. If I do not hear back in the next couple days, I will proceed under the impression that these edits are acceptable.

--Togna bologna (talk) 13:51, 7 May 2012 (UTC)

 * My understanding of WP:COI is that you can still edit the article, but must be very careful with what/how you edit. Also, I would think that being honest about your conflict will subject your edits to greater scrutiny; that may sound bad, but if what you say is verifiable and properly sourced, it shouldn't matter who wrote it. As WP:COI also says, "When someone voluntarily discloses a conflict of interest, other editors should always assume the editor is trying to do the right thing." -- McDoob  AU  93  16:36, 7 May 2012 (UTC)

 * Saw that someone went ahead and made a nice update to the home media section. I removed amazon.com as a reference, and re-formatted their citation from blu-ray.com. Home media section looks great!--Togna bologna (talk) 15:00, 9 May 2012 (UTC)

On editing the Video Game section
Can i edit a section on The Video Game Section of Cinderella please?--98.196.40.126 (talk) 21:10, 23 May 2012 (UTC)

Edit request on 3 January 2013
During production, Walt Disney pioneered the use of double tracked vocals for the song "Sing Sweet Nightingale", before it had been used by artists in studio recordings such as The Beatles. When Ilene Woods had completed the days recording of "Sing Sweet Nightingale", Walt listened and asked her if she could sing harmony with herself. She was apprehensive about the idea as it was unheard of; though she ended up singing the double recording, including second and third part harmonies. Ilene Woods reveals the innovation in an interview.

Jjbb123 (talk) 04:35, 3 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Padlock-silver-slash2.svg Not done: This page is no longer protected. Subject to consensus, you should be able to edit it yourself. HueSatLum 15:40, 6 January 2013 (UTC)

Aladdin replaced by Cinderella on the Diamond Collection
Aladdin was replaced by Cinderella on the Diamond Collection, because this!!! Disney was cancelled the 20th Anniversary Edition of Aladdin because Cinderella!!!! I reclaim it because the Disney's problems, because they not released Aladdin on Blu-ray!!!! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 177.64.130.101 (talk) 01:52, 27 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your passionate contribution. Could you please cite a relibale source for this claim, and propose how this should be introduced into the article. The talk page is for discussing the article. Thanks. Tiggerjay (talk) 02:14, 27 January 2013 (UTC)

Cinderella: Diamond Edition is NOT be getting back into the Disney Vault
This film is NOT be getting back into the Disney Vault that Peter Pan: Diamond Edition along with the sequel Peter Pan 2: Return to Never Land went back into the Disney Vault on April 30, 2014. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.147.198.171 (talk) 21:42, 6 November 2014 (UTC)

Copyright
Cinderella have a copyright:
 * COPYRIGHT 1949 (MCMXLIX) WALT DISNEY PRODUCTIONS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED — Preceding unsigned comment added by 181.222.81.97 (talk) 16:50, 21 April 2018 (UTC)

Cultural impact and legacy
The below passage erroneously implies that the Smithsonian quotation references the 1950 Disney film instead of the folk tale that inspired it:

Smithsonian magazine discussed how Cinderella endures and resonates, saying: "Dozens of other filmmakers have borrowed elements of the tale, starting as early as 1899 with a French version directed by the pioneering filmmaker Georges Méliès." 2601:19C:4000:B950:6D79:F338:E85A:310C (talk) 15:43, 6 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cinderella (1950 film)


text:
Orenda Engines

Orenda Engines was a Canadian aircraft engine manufacturer and parts supplier. As part of the earlier Avro Canada conglomerate, which became Hawker Siddeley Canada, they produced a number of military jet engines from the 1950s through the 1970s, and were Canada's primary engine supplier and repair company.

Origins
The origins of the company stem from World War II. During the war, the National Research Council of Canada ran a small aerodynamics effort similar to NACA in the United States or Royal Aircraft Establishment in the United Kingdom. In 1942 they sent two of their researchers to the UK to take a survey of their efforts and report on what fields of study the Canadians should focus in order to avoid duplication.

Over the next year a number of members of the NRC's aerodynamics lab traveled to the UK, and in May 1943 they published their findings in the top secret Report on Development of Jet Propulsion in the United Kingdom, widely known as the Banks Report. Among their recommendations was the suggestion to form a cold weather testing centre, as up to then jet engines had not been tested in that environment; another suggestion was to form their own engine company as soon as possible.

Turbo Research
Following the advice of the Report, in March 1944 the government formed Turbo Research as a crown corporation. The company was formally incorporated on 1 July 1944, set up in a disused section of the Research Enterprises Limited factories in Leaside, a neighbourhood of Toronto, Ontario. Several members of the NRC teams that had traveled to the UK during the Report moved to the new company, including K.F. Tupper as chief engineer, Paul Dilworth as chief designer and Winnett Boyd, initially as the combustion engineer, but later as the chief designer.

The team initially studied a series of designs based on the basic Whittle centrifugal-flow design, starting with the TR.1 and growing through the TR.2 to the largest, the TR.3. None of these designs progressed past initial studies however, as the team turned their attention to a new axial-flow design, the TR.4, later known as the Chinook.

Avro Canada
At about this time, the former Victory Aircraft plants in Malton were being converted into the new A.V. Roe Canada (Avro Canada) plants. In the spring of 1946 the government decided to turn all engine development over to private industry, and sold Turbo Research to Avro. Paul Dillworth remained as chief engineer of the newly minted Gas Turbine Division, which was moved to Avro's plant just outside what is today Toronto Pearson International Airport.

Work on the TR.4, the first Canadian-designed jet engine, continued. Now called the Chinook, it first ran in March 1948, producing 2600 lbf thrust. Only three were built before all attention moved to the Orenda.

Orenda turbojet
Work on the TR.4 continued through this period, but in the summer of 1946, Avro Canada asked them to produce a new 6,500 lbf (28.9 kN) engine for their CF-100 Canuck interceptor design. The resulting TR.5 Orenda design was essentially a scaled-up Chinook, with work continuing on the latter to bring the production and test teams up to speed.

The Orenda's design was similar enough to the Chinook that prototype production was completed in less than a year, and the engine first ran in February 1949. Testing proceeded quickly at a facility outside Nobel, Ontario, formerly a munitions factory owned by C-I-L. Between the first run in February and the start of production in the late fall, the prototypes ran over 1,000 hours, a record for the era. When it entered production it was the most powerful engine in the world, a title it held until 1952. Almost 4,000 Orenda engines of various versions were built by the time the final unit was delivered to the RCAF in July 1958.

The Orenda entered production for the CF-100, which were used in Canada and the Belgian Air Component. Later versions of the Canadair Sabre also used the Orenda in place of their General Electric J47, providing a dramatic boost in performance, holding the crown for F-86 performance for some time. The Canadair Sabre became a popular export item as well, with versions being sold to the West German, South African, Colombian and Pakistani Air Forces.

Orenda Iroquois
In 1953, Avro Canada once again turned to Orenda to produce an engine for the CF-105 Arrow project. Avro had originally intended to use one of three different engines from the UK (one produced under license in the US), but all of these projects ran into delays. Orenda quickly responded with the PS.13 Iroquois design. Once again Orenda was able to prototype the new engine in a short period of time, starting development in 1953, completing it in May 1954 and building and running the prototype by December 1954. During the testing period, the Iroquois was the most powerful jet engine in the world, rated at 19,250 lbf dry, 25,000 lbf afterburning. It was aerodynamically matched for peak performance at 50,000 ft altitude and Mach 2 speed. After some 7,000 hours of development testing, up to a simulated altitude of 70,000 ft and a forward speed of Mach 2.3, the Iroquois program was cancelled, along with the Arrow on 20 February 1959.

Orenda Engines
In 1955, another reorganization led to the creation of Orenda Engines. Avro Canada would later disappear due to the cancellation of the Arrow, but Orenda had a major engine overhaul business that allowed them to survive.

In late summer 1959, the RCAF selected the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter as their new day fighter, to be built by Canadair. Orenda was given the contract to build its engines, the Government of Canada having already obtained a production licence for the General Electric J79. By December 1960, Orenda had built five of the new engines.

In early 1962, Orenda also won the production contract for the General Electric J85, for use in the Canadair CL-41 Tutor trainer. The first engine, known as the J85-CAN-40, was delivered in September 1963, the last in October 1965. Production of a derivative engine, the afterburning J85-CAN-15, began in 1967 when Canadair was licensed to produce the CF-5 aircraft, a version of the Northrop F-5, for the RCAF. Between June 1967 and May 1974, 609 engines were produced for the Canadian, Netherlands and Venezuelan Air Forces.

Orenda also started manufacturing industrial gas turbine packages for gas compression, oil pumping and electric generation.

Orenda Aerospace
Magellan Aerospace was formed in the 1980s, primarily from the assets of the Canadian operations of Fleet Aerospace. Over the next few years they aggressively expanded by purchasing a number of Canadian aerospace companies, including Orenda, which they renamed as Orenda Aerospace, now Magellan Repair, Overhaul & Industrial. In addition to producing complete gas turbine engines, the precision manufacture of critical rotating and stationary engine components for leading original equipment manufacturers since the 1970s, including General Electric, Rolls-Royce and Pratt & Whitney.

Orenda Aerospace attempted to bring the Orenda OE600, a new 600 hp general aviation 8-cylinder reciprocating engine, to market in the 1990s. Timing proved poor, and in the post-9/11 market the company put the OE600 "on hold" in 2005 while they concentrated on military contracts. Within a couple of years, TRACE Engines of Midland, Texas, had purchased all rights to the Orenda design.

Products

 * Avro Canada Chinook
 * Avro Canada Orenda
 * Orenda Iroquois

 * Licensed production
 * General Electric J79
 * General Electric J85

title: Orenda Engines


text:
Category:Danny Phantom

Articles related to the Nickelodeon animated television series Danny Phantom.

title: Category:Danny Phantom


text:
National Longitudinal Surveys

The National Longitudinal Surveys (NLS) are a set of surveys sponsored by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) of the U.S. Department of Labor. These surveys have gathered information at multiple points in time on the labor market experiences and other significant life events of several groups of men and women. Each of the NLS samples consists of several thousand individuals, many of whom have been surveyed over several decades.

Surveys
The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) began in 1997 with 8,984 men and women born in 1980-84 (ages 12–17 in 1997). Sample members were interviewed annually from 1997 to 2011 and biennially thereafter. The 2015 interview was conducted with 7,103 men and women ages 30–36. Data are available from Round 1 (1997–98) to Round 17 (2015–16).

The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) began in 1979 with 12,686 men and women born in 1957-64 (ages 14–22 in 1979). Sample members were interviewed annually from 1979-1994 and biennially thereafter. Oversamples of military and economically disadvantaged, nonblack/non-Hispanic respondents were dropped in 1985 and 1991, leaving a sample size of 9,964. The 2014 interview (Round 26) was conducted with 7,071 men and women ages 49–58.

The NLSY79 Children and Young Adults (NLSCYA) began in 1986 with children born to female NLSY79 respondents. Biennial data collection consists of interviews with the mothers and interviews with the children themselves; from 1994 onward, children turning age 15 and older during the survey year have been administered a Young Adult questionnaire that is similar to the NLSY79 questionnaire. In 2014, 276 children (ages 0–14) and 5,735 young adults (ages 15–42) were interviewed. To date, about 10,500 children have been interviewed in at least one survey round.

The National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women and Mature Women (NLSW) comprised two separate surveys. The Young Women's survey began in 1968 with 5,159 women born in 1943-53 (ages 14–24 in 1968). Sample members were interviewed 22 times from 1968 to 2003. The final interview in 2003 was conducted with 2,857 women ages 49–59. The Mature Women's survey began in 1967 with 5,083 women born in 1922-37 (ages 30–44 in 1967). Sample members were interviewed 21 times from 1967 to 2003. The final interview in 2003 was conducted with 2,237 women ages 66–80.

The National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Men and Older Men (NLSM) comprised two separate surveys. The Young Men's survey began in 1966 with 5,225 men born in 1941-51 (ages 14–24 in 1966). Sample members were interviewed 12 times from 1966 to 1981. The Older Men's survey began in 1966 with 5,020 men born in 1906-21 (ages 45–59 in 1966). Sample members were interviewed 12 times from 1966 to 1983. A final interview in 1990 was conducted with 2,092 respondents who were 69–83 years old, and 2,206 family members of deceased respondents.

NLSY97
The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97), the newest survey in the NLS program, is a sample of 8,984 young men and women born during the years 1980 through 1984 and living in the United States when first interviewed. Survey respondents were ages 12 to 17 when first interviewed in 1997. The U.S. Department of Labor selected the NLSY97 cohort to enable research on youths’ transition from school to the labor market and into adulthood. Data from the first 17 rounds of data collection are available to researchers. Round 17 consisted of 7,103 respondents, age 30- 36, and was completed in 2015-2016 with data made available in fall of 2017. In addition, survey staff conducted special high school and college transcript data collections to supplement the data on schooling provided by respondents. Many NLSY97 respondents also participated in a special administration of the computer-adaptive form of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery, and scores from that test are available for approximately 80 percent of sample members.

NLSY79
The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) is a sample of 12,686 men and women born during the years 1957 through 1964 and living in the United States when the survey began. Survey respondents were ages 14 to 22 when first interviewed in 1979. The U.S. Department of Labor selected the NLSY79 cohort to replicate the NLS of Young Women and the NLS of Young Men, which began in the 1960s. The NLSY79 also was designed to help researchers and policymakers evaluate the expanded employment and training programs for youths legislated by the 1977 amendments to the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA). Data are available for this cohort through 2014 when the 7,071 men and women in the sample were ages 49 to 58. Data from the 2016-2017 survey will be released in late 2018/early 2019. To supplement the main data collection, survey staff conducted special high school and transcript surveys. NLSY79 respondents also participated in a special administration of the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery.

NLSCYA
The NLSY79 Children and Young Adults (NLSCYA) Funded by Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the NLSY79 Child and Young Adult surveys contain comprehensive information on the experiences of children born to female NLSY79 respondents. The collection of data on these NLSY79 children began in 1986, and a battery of cognitive, socioemotional, and physiological assessments has been administered biennially since that year. Their mothers also provide reports on their children’s health, temperament, motor and social development, behavior problems, school activities, and home environments. Beginning in 1988, children age 10 and older have answered a self-administered set of questions about family, friends, jobs, school, after-school activities, computer use, religious attendance, smoking, alcohol and drug use, and more. Starting in 1994, children who have reached age 15 by December 31 of the survey year complete a questionnaire that is similar to the main NLSY79 survey and asks about work experiences, training, schooling, health, fertility, parenting and attitudes. The Young Adult questionnaire, conducted primarily by telephone, replaced the child assessments for young adults 15 years or older. Young adults also report on sensitive topics such as parent child conflict, participation in delinquent or criminal activities, use of controlled and uncontrolled substances, sexual activity, volunteer activities, and expectations for the future. The data collected about the children can be linked with information collected from their mothers in the main NLSY79 survey. The NLSY79 Child and Young Adult surveys are a valuable resource for studying how individual and family characteristics and experiences affect the well-being and development of children, adolescents, and young adults.

Original cohorts
The NLSW and NLSM make up the original four cohorts, which were designed to represent the U.S. civilian noninstitutional population at the time of the initial survey. The surveys were funded by the Office of Manpower, Automation, and Training (now, the Employment and Training Administration) of the Department of Labor, and conducted by the Center for Human Resource Research (CHRR) of Ohio State University.

The National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Women and Mature Women (NLSW)
The NLS of Young Women was a sample of 5,159 women who were ages 14 to 24 in 1968. The survey was one of four original groups first interviewed when the NLS program began in the mid-1960s. The U.S. Department of Labor selected the Young Women cohort to enable research on the employment patterns of women who were finishing school, making initial career decisions, and starting families. Data are available for this cohort from 1968 through 2003, when the survey was discontinued. The survey covered a variety of topics, including: characteristics of jobs, labor market status, education, health and physical condition, marital and family characteristics, income and assets, attitudes and perspectives, retirement, environmental characteristics, transfers of time and money. A special survey of the high schools of young women respondents provided additional information about their educational experiences. The survey also has included questions on topics specific to the life stage of respondents, such as educational experiences and plans in the earlier years of the survey, childcare issues and fertility expectations a few years later, and health, pension, and retirement information and, finally, asked about transfers of time and money between respondents, their parents, and their children.

The NLS of Mature Women was a sample of 5,083 women who were ages 30 to 44 in 1967. The survey was one of four original groups first interviewed when the NLS program began in the mid-1960s. The U.S. Department of Labor selected the Mature Women cohort to enable research on the employment patterns of women who were reentering the workforce and balancing the roles of homemaker, mother, and labor force participant. Data are available for this cohort from 1967 through 2003, when the survey was discontinued. The survey covered a variety of topics, including:characteristics of jobs, labor market status, education, health and physical condition, marital and family characteristics, income and assets, attitudes and perspectives, retirement, environmental characteristics, transfers of time and money. The survey also included questions on topics specific to the life stage of respondents, such as childcare issues in the earlier years of the survey and health, pension, and retirement information and, finally, asked about transfers of time and money between respondents, their parents, and their children.

The National Longitudinal Surveys of Young Men and Older Men (NLSM)
The NLS of Young Men was a sample of 5,225 men who were ages 14 to 24 in 1966. The survey was one of four original groups first interviewed when the NLS program began in the mid-1960s. The U.S. Department of Labor selected the Young Men cohort to enable research on the employment patterns of men who were completing school and entering the work force or joining the military and were thus making initial career and job decisions that would impact their employment in the coming decades. Data are available for this cohort from 1966 through 1981, when the survey was discontinued. A special survey of the high schools of young men respondents provided additional information about their educational experiences. The survey covered a variety of topics, including: characteristics of jobs, labor market status, education, health and physical condition, marital and family characteristics, income and assets, attitudes and perspectives, environmental characteristics, military service, and training.

The NLS of Older Men was a sample of 5,020 men who were ages 45 to 59 in 1966. The survey was one of four original groups first interviewed when the NLS program began in the mid-1960s. The U.S. Department of Labor selected the Older Men cohort to enable research on the employment patterns of men who were nearing the completions of their careers, making decisions about the timing and extent of their labor force withdrawal, and planning for retirement. Data are available for this cohort from 1966 through 1983. Additional information was collected in 1990 during final interviews with the remaining respondents and the widows or other family members of deceased sample members. The survey covered a variety of topics, including: characteristics of jobs, labor market status, education, health and physical condition, marital and family characteristics, income and assets, attitudes and perspectives, retirement, environmental characteristics, military service.

Survey topics
Demographic and family background, education, military experiences, job characteristics and training, labor market status and histories, marital and family characteristics, income and assets, transfers of time and money, retirement, geographic location and mobility, health, nutrition, and physical activity, fertility and parenting, sexual activity, attitudes and expectations, behaviors and perspectives, environmental characteristics, and civic engagement. Additionally, NLSY79 Child and Young Adult surveys include: Assessments of the quality of the home environment, cognitive development, temperament, and motor, social and emotional development.

Accessing the surveys
NLS public-use data for each cohort are available at no cost via the Investigator, an online search and extraction site that enables individuals to review NLS variables and create their own data sets. Application is necessary to access NLS geocode and school surveys data. The geocode application document is available on the BLS website.

Additional resources

 * bls.gov
 * nlsinfo.org
 * nlsat50.org/
 * Meet Herbet S. Parnes, The First Director of the NLS Program at Ohio State
 * Donna S. Rothstein, "Leaving a job during the Great Recession: evidence from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979," Monthly Labor Review, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, December 2018,.
 * Pierret, Charles R. "The National Longitudinal Survey of Youth: 1979 Cohort at 25." Monthly Labor Review 128,2 (February 2005): 3-7. https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2005/02/art1full.pdf

title: National Longitudinal Surveys


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/General Florentius

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Rob Church Talk 23:51, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

General Florentius
Hoax. The short version: he lacks an entry in the Prosopography Of The Later Roman Empire (PLRE), which proves almost conclusively that he does not exist. And this saying about Flavius Aetius & Emperor Valentinian III the article attributes to him is more likely the utterance of Sidonius Apollinaris.

The long version: the PLRE is an exhaustive list of every individual who is recorded as living in the Roman world during AD 260 - 641. There are 7 men named Florentius in this book, none of whom fits the profile in this article: they lived at the wrong time, are not known to have lost of an arm or leg, or lacked a military career. While admittedly there are omissions in this list (an obvious example would be anyone mentioned only in inscriptions found & published after the completion of this work), the fact that that the author of such a "famous" saying would be overlooked is odd enough to merit a mention, an explanation for this oversight, & a reference to the primary source to prove his existence; the original author did not provide any of these. As I noted on the Talk page, I have traced the quotation attributed to this general at least as far back as Edward Gibbon, who claims he found it in the writings of Sidonius Apollinaris.

With this extensive argument I may be breaking a butterfly on a wheel, but I wanted there to be no doubt about this issue: General Florentius only existed in some anonymous contributor's imagination. -- llywrch 23:29, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, per Llywrch's convincing argument against the credibility of this article. -- Captain Disdain 00:11, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - I'm convinced. But please, start an article on the Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, as it sounds like an eminently notable text! BD2412  talk 05:07, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * ...couldn't resist - started one myself (but it surely needs work!) BD2412  talk 01:45, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: what does "breaking a butterfly on a wheel" mean? I searched for it, but could find a definition. I'm just curious. -- Kjkolb 15:25, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Guessing it's something like using a hammer to kill a fly. BD2412  talk 01:25, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I took the phrase "breaking a butterfly on a wheel" (it was the first that came to mind) from a observation H.L. Mencken made of a critical essay two of his proteges, James Stevens and H. L. Davis. BD2412 defined it quite nicely (although I've heard "sledgehammer" used instead of simple "hammer"). -- llywrch 18:32, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Johnny Gammage

Absense of article
Note: The absence of an article about Johnny Gammage was mentioned in this Metafilter entry at 2:43 PM PST on 12 October 2005. This article was created at 22:22 UTC, 12 October 2005.

Double Jeopardy
Suggestion: An explanation of why double jeopardy came into play with two of the officers would be nice. Normally a mistrial isn't considered a complete trial, and thus doesn't prevent future prosecution. At least that is my understanding.

 * Your understanding is correct, mentioning double jeopardy is patent nonsense here. Vpoko 01:42, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

Major Addition/Revision
I just fleshed out the story, inspired toward completion after initially only intending to correct Gammage's place of death, which was not Brentwood. This is my first major addition to a Wikipedia entry, so anyone with more experience than I who wishes to clean up what I wrote to be more Wikipedia like, please, have at it.Dreamalynn 11:59, 11 March 2007 (UTC)dreamalynn

One thing that is needed is reference to the autopsy reports and the opinion of the forensic pathologist who said that Gammage died from positional asphyxia. Also, there should be mention of the dialogue that went back and forth between the officers and Gammage, who begged for his life. There are good articles and long features from the Pittsburgh newspapers that provide this information. I would need to do the research to know which to use and cite, but these points are essential to understanding the community outrage when several of the officers were acquitted. There was, as I recall, also a coroner's inquest. Readers of this article might be interested that this case is often cited in law enforcement training about avoiding positional asphyxia when subduing subjects. Burghwriter (talk) 20:47, 6 October 2011 (UTC)

Jonny or Johnny?
Newspapers always spelled his name with five letters, not six.SgtVelocicaptor 05:24, 24 September 2007 (UTC)
 * It appears that there was a man named Johnny E. Gammage in New York State. He was not killed.  Jonny Lee Gammage was killed.  He had lived in Florida and in New York, too.  It looks like a "double re-direct" may be appropriate (perhaps).  Start all over with a new title such as "Jonny L. Gammage" to clarify the name of the American motorist.EmperorVelocicaptor 22:07, 24 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Oy Vey! Erase the word "black" while you're at it.  Oy Vey!RabbiVelocicaptor15 22:33, 24 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I also heard that the vehicle was a Bentley, not a Jaguar. EmperorVelocicaptor 21:16, 28 September 2007 (UTC)
 * According to Pittsburgh Post-Gazette stories such as, the correct name is Jonny E. Gammage. Please fix the title of this article, which currently, erroneously says "Johnny"!--Paul Heckbert (talk) 03:30, 9 January 2009 (UTC)

nigger-haters with cell phones
The thing that killed Jonny Gammage is the vigilantes equipped with "cell phones" who drive along the highway and call policemen whenever they see a "nigger" driving an automobile. EmperorVelocicaptor 09:18, 29 September 2007 (UTC)

Comments on above
The above represents a completely biased and not completely accurate account.

It also does not include comments on the extent of the injuries caused to the officers, including broken bones and at least one case of a finger/thumb being bitten through to the bone by Mr. Gammage.

Trials were held and the police officers were found innocent by juries. All due process was followed. In addition, the Police Department paid Gammage's family millions of dolalrs in a civil settlement. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.204.5.50 (talk) 15:03, 4 March 2008 (UTC)

POV
The narrative for the incident is both unsourced and one-sided. Can this be fixed? --206.155.50.124 (talk) 09:24, 30 May 2008 (UTC) →The narrative is admittedly lifted as much as possible without being outright plagiarism from the sources listed as external links. At the time that I edited the entry, fleshing it out from the three or four sentence stub, I wasn't sure how to denote sources with links within the narrative. In fact, I'm still entirely sure. I would surely welcome someone making additions and edits to flesh this out even further, unfortunately, there isn't a lot of source material to work from.Dreamalynn (talk) 07:49, 14 July 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Johnny Gammage


text:
Sango Fighter

The Sango Fighter games are a series of fighting game for DOS made by the Taiwanese Panda Entertainment. Set in the Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history, it is very similar to Street Fighter and Samurai Shodown, but with historical context.

"Sango" is a rough romanization of Three Kingdoms. Using pinyin, it would be romanized as "san guo".

Sango Fighter
The first Sango Fighter game was originally published by Panda Entertainment and released in 1993 for PC/AT platform.

Shareware developer and publisher Apogee Software was planning on licensing and releasing the game in the United States under the title Violent Vengeance, but the plans for the deal fell through. Instead, the game was distributed in English under its original title by a Taiwanese company named Accend, albeit without official permission from Panda Entertainment.

In 1995, Taiwan's fledgling 16-bit Super A'can game console saw release of a cartridge version of Sango Fighter, completely programmed inhouse by a single employee of Panda Entertainment. Being a rushed port from the PC version, the A'can adaptation suffered from awkward gameplay and quite a few glitches.

Sango Fighter was also released for the Japanese PC-98 computer, in 1995. For this release, a portion of the game's story text was translated into Japanese. It was otherwise identical to the original DOS version, upon which its code was based. This adaptation was produced by Great Co., Ltd., and released by Imagineer.

The game was illegally ported to the Master System console, with the name Sangokushi, and released only in South Korea. This port is one of the larger games in the console library, with 8 megabits of data size.

While Sango Fighter was quite popular in Taiwan, a lawsuit by C&E Inc. (producers of the PC fighting game Super Fighter) stopped Panda Entertainment from distributing the game, let alone adapting it to other machines. Thus the game was never able to reach its full market potential.

On February 24, 2009, the full legal rights to both Sango Fighter and its sequel were acquired by the North American company Super Fighter Team. Following this, on June 18, 2009, both Chinese and English language editions of the game were released as a free download on the Official Sango Fighter Website. An updated version of the game was released, also as freeware, on February 15, 2011. It featured several significant changes and additions. The current Super Fighter Team version supports English, Chinese and Japanese languages, with Japanese based on the PC-9801 release of the game with newly translated text.

On December 24, 2021, Sango Fighter Special Edition was released as a free download for Windows. This version of the game contains elements from both the MS-DOS and Super A'can editions, and features new material such as a remixed and expanded soundtrack, and rebalanced fight system.

There may have also been a planned, but unfinished 3D sequel by Panda Entertainment. However, the former owner of Panda's intellectual properties stated that no records of any such title exist.

Reception
Sango Fighter drew much attention of PC gamers when it was released, offering the first fighting game with great graphics for that time and became the definitive fighting game for DOS. The game came in six 1.44 MB floppy disks, considered a large size compared with other games of the same genre.

Computer Gaming World in 1994 stated that "Game play in Sango Fighter is very good, on par with the PC version of Street Fighter". It praised the graphics and sound: "the overall quality of this release is equivalent to any commercial offering". The magazine concluded that the $30 shareware registration fee "is a good value, and comes recommended".

Sango Fighter 2
A sequel was released in 1995, Sango Fighter 2, with more characters and more detailed graphics. Sango Fighter 2 also featured a conquest mode in which the player attempted to unify the empire by invading other nations. In addition, the kingdom of Wu was added to the game.

On November 6, 2013, Sango Fighter 2 was released as a free download on the Official Sango Fighter 2 Website. In addition to being translated into English, the updated game also features several new additions and enhancements. The Super Fighter Team version supports English, Chinese and Korean languages.

Characters
The following is a list of the characters from Sango Fighter and Sango Fighter 2. Cao Cao is not a playable character in Sango Fighter 2, but he retains a role as a character within the story. Liu Bei, Sun Quan, Sima Yi, Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu also serve as story characters.

Even though Sun Ce served as leader of the kingdom of Wu historically before his death, in Sango Fighter 2, he is made a subordinate of his younger brother.

title: Sango Fighter


text:
Talk:Eugene Hasenfus

impression
This gives the impression Hasenfus was new to the CIA. Hasenfus had flown for Air America in Vietnam and had worked with the CIA operatives on the plane for many years. He may well have also been a construction worker, but this article seems to portray him as a hapless dupe in the situation. He was not.

The first two paragraphs state that he was "alleged" by the sandinistas to be a CIA operative (and that he later retracted). But it was proved to be true the US authorities themselves during congressional hearings on the Iran-Contra gate, so why talk of mere allegations implying it could have been sandinist propaganda ? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.226.130.233 (talk) 04:44, 29 January 2016 (UTC)

Note on categories
Whomever decided to offer their opinion on my father, Eugene Hasenfus, being a criminal WILL BE liable to libel charges. Eugene Hasenfus was a dedicated American soldier and operative for the CIA. His operational responsibilities overseas did not fall into the "White Ops" category in the Agency, but rather he was involved with "Black Ops" which 10 times out of 10 means that whatever the Agency is doing is illegal somewhere, but vital to the US's National Security. If you choose to think of Eugene Hasenfus as a criminal, then consider also many leaders of MY country, who were heavily involved in the CIA, to be crininals as well.

Adam Hasenfus 69.23.97.106 (talk) 21:04, 3 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Somebody put him in the category over a year ago The conviction is well sourced. John celona (talk) 13:45, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Sources mean nothing when it comes to ideology LamontCranston (talk) 12:00, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
 * If a person is convicted of a crime, then they are by definition a criminal.Newzild (talk) 02:44, 5 October 2018 (UTC)

Especially Egregious Mis-Categorization
The poor fellow deserves better. Eugene Hasenfus is exactly the paradigm of a person who should not be included in the American Criminals category. He's notable for his involvement in Iran-Contra. His later troubles with the law are not notable and any categorization violates WP:BLP because it amounts to WP:Undue Weight. Shameful. David in DC (talk) 01:09, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
 * If they weren't notable they wouldn't have been reported in major media. Stop edit warring on cases that non-involved users legitimately put in this category years ago. John celona (talk) 13:51, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
 * "If they weren't notable they wouldn't have been reported in major media." Yup, there's the problem, in a nutshell.  No concern for WP:BLP nor WP:WEIGHT, no exercise of discretion, no reflection.  Just about the opposite of EDITING. David in DC (talk) 15:27, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

He flew for Air America, he flew for the Contras - the man is a criminal. LamontCranston (talk) 12:01, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

today?
What is he doing today? Kingturtle (talk) 15:34, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Since he's 68 years old, presumably somewhat retired. AnonMoos (talk) 20:56, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

Cocaine connection
wasn't Hasenfus' aircraft full of cocaine? How come this wasn't mentioned in the article? Drifter bob (talk) 14:57, 16 July 2009 (UTC)

 * Maybe because it wasn't mentioned in the media in 1986. Hope you didn't hear that from Lyndon LaRouche... AnonMoos (talk) 02:41, 17 July 2009 (UTC)

"Overlinking"
I have reverted the link removal once again. Only one of those links was to a country; most of the rest were to institutions within the US or Nicaragua to which outside readers (ie most readers of Wikipedia) would find links helpful. Please discuss this before making further wholesale removals, per WP:BRD. Vanamonde (talk) 15:24, 5 October 2018 (UTC)

Recent edits
You've introduced grammatical errors, factual errors (he was shot down by a government missile, not a Contra one), strange terminology (most sources call the Contras rebels, not mercenaries) and made some other odd edits; can you please explain what you are trying to do? Vanamonde (talk) 18:35, 5 December 2018 (UTC)

"adding fuel"
The content added here remains original research; no source supports that claim as written. I cannot ping the IP address adding the content, so I hope they are watching. Vanamonde (Talk) 17:57, 11 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Eugene Hasenfus


text:
Diple

Diple (pluralia tantum; pronounced, from Greek δῐπλόος lit. 'double, two-fold'), also known as misnjiče, miješnice and mih, is a traditional woodwind musical instrument originating in the Adriatic Littoral. It is played in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Slovenia, Montenegro, and Serbia.

The flute
The diple may be found as a fipple flute or as a reedpipe, but in either case is distinctive in that it incorporates two bores within one body, and thus creates two notes simultaneously. Generally, the left hand fingers a group of holes on the left side of the body, and the right on its side.

Droneless bagpipes
All bagpipe diple have a double chanter with two separate single reeds, which originated in the coastal areas of Dalmatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro with various difference. The bag of the bagpipes is called a mêh/mijeh/mješina, which consists of a tanned goat skin, the blowpipe is a dulac or gajdenica, through which the air is blown, which is in fact a double chanter used to play the melody and harmony simultaneously. The chanter incorporates two single reeds, one in each bore. The mijeh or diple is played from Istria in the north, down through Lika, Dalmatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and ending in Montenegro.

Unlike the majority of European bagpipes, the meh has no drone (trubanj, prdalo, prdaljka), instead playing both a melody and harmony part on the chanter. Though their general form is similar, the meh in different parts of Bosnia varies in chanter tunings, ornamentation, and other small factors. The meh is an untempered instrument, and its specific intonation varies by region.

title: Diple


text: User talk:24.49.159.8

title: User talk:24.49.159.8


text: Talk:Samuel Slater

title: Talk:Samuel Slater


text:
Stuart Robson (actor)

Stuart Robson (born Henry Robson Stuart, March 4, 1836 – April 29, 1903) was a comedic stage actor.

Early life
He was born Henry Robson Stuart in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. His parents were Charles Stuart and the former Alicia Ann Thompson.

Career
He appeared in many theatrical productions from the 1860s to the early 1900s in New York City, Boston, and London. He was best known for his long collaboration with William H. Crane, which lasted over ten years. They appeared together in Our Bachelors, Sharps and Flats, The Henrietta, The Merry Wives of Windsor, and She Stoops to Conquer. They were perhaps most popular as the two Dromios in The Comedy of Errors. Robson was an eccentric comedian who had a curious voice that was often described as the "Robson Squeek". His first marriage was to Margaret Eleanor Johnson in about 1858. They had a daughter, Alicia Virginia Robson. Margaret died in 1890. Robson married Mary Dougherty, an actress who went by the stage name of May Waldron, in 1891. They had a son, Stuart Robson, Jr., who also acted briefly on the stage in New York and subsequently ran a magic shop there for many years.

Later years
Stuart Robson lived for many years in Cohasset, Massachusetts. He died in New York City in 1903, and was buried in Cohasset. His wife continued to appear on the stage under the name May Robson until her death in 1924. She should not be confused with the actress of the same name, May Robson, who appeared in many films in the 1930s.

title: Stuart Robson (actor)


text:
User talk:Memorydream

memorydream? What is that?

title: User talk:Memorydream


text:
Darimani

Ya Na Darimani (Kulkarijee ) was Ya-Na or king of the Kingdom of Dagbon, a kingdom located in the northern part of modern-day Ghana. He was said to have ruled Dagbon for only seven weeks in 1899 but played an important role in the Dagbon chieftaincy conflict.

Before Na Andani died in 1899, he had advised his children to let Na Allassani of Karaga, who was the first son of his predecessor Na Abudu, be the next king Ya-Na, and for his own eldest son, Tugulan Yiri to fill the now-vacant Karaga chieftaincy. But when he died, his eldest son Tugulan Yiri rejected this, and instead asked that the Savelugu chief Dahamani (Darimani Kukra Adjei) become the next Ya-Na. He would then become chief of Savelugu instead of Karaga. The system of rotation offered by the deceased chief was not respected and the kingmakers, relying on soothsaying and/or by frenzied dancing to the personal whims of Tugu Lana Yiri (Tuguna Yiri) bid his request and made Kukaridjei (the chief of Savelugu) the Ya Na. Tamakloe (1931:43) sympathises with the elders of Dagbon when he said that “the elders reluctantly did what was asked of them.” Infuriated, Allassani sought help from the German colonial administration in Sansan Mangu (in modern Togo) who came, dethroned the Andani usurpers and made Allasani king. Thus, Darimani was king for only seven weeks in the Gbewaa Palace (i.e. installed him as Ya-Na).

The Palace was burnt during the German siege. Na Alassani thus built the Gbewaa Palace about a hundred metres away; it has been the palace for all subsequent Ya Nas until it was burnt down in the 2002 conflict. As of 2013, a temporal palace is being built on the ruins of the old palace burnt by the Germans in 1899.

The importance of the seven weeks of Darimani's kingship is that it disrupted the established principle of rotation between the descendants of the Abudu and Andanis and sowed the seeds of deep mistrust. It was the very first major encounter between the Abudu Gate and the Andani Gate..

title: Darimani


text:
Brockway Airport

Brockway Airport is a small government airfield located 4 NM northeast of Brockway, New Brunswick, Canada.

title: Brockway Airport


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Port Arthur massacre (China)

The Port Arthur massacre took place during the First Sino-Japanese War from 21 November 1894 for three days, in the Chinese coastal city of Port Arthur (now Lüshunkou District of Dalian, Liaoning), when advance elements of the First Division of the Japanese Second Army under the command of General Yamaji Motoharu (1841–1897) killed somewhere between 2,600 civilians and 20,000 people including Chinese soldiers, although one eyewitness reporter estimated a total death toll of 60,000, including civilians, soldiers, and residents of the outlying rural district.

Reports of a massacre were first published by the Canadian journalist James Creelman of the New York World, whose account was widely circulated within the United States. In 1894, the State Department ordered its ambassador to Japan, Edwin Dun, to conduct an independent investigation of Creelman's reports.

Background

As part of its wartime strategy during the First Sino-Japanese War, Japan had advanced through Korea, engaging Chinese troops at Asan near Seoul and then Pyongyang in September 1894, winning decisive victories on both occasions. Following the victory at Pyongyang the Japanese Second Army under Marshal Ōyama Iwao (1842–1916) moved northward towards Manchuria, the plan being to seize Port Arthur, headquarters to China's Beiyang Fleet and a highly fortified city that dominated the sea passage from Korea to northeast China. In September the Japanese Navy heavily damaged the Beiyang Fleet at the Battle of the Yalu River, though the Chinese troopships were successful in landing their troops not far from the Sino-Korean border. With the Beiyang Fleet defeated, the Japanese Navy began a siege of Port Arthur while the Japanese Second Army advanced on the city through Manchuria and the Japanese First Army crossed the Yalu River to form another advance by land. After a series of battles on the Liaodong Peninsula the First Division of the Second Army, led by General Yamaji, drew up around Port Arthur in late November. On 18 November 1894, the Japanese movement down the peninsula was temporarily frustrated and returned to find that their abandoned wounded troops had been severely mutilated, with hands and feet cut off. Others had been burned alive. The city was evacuated with residents fleeing westward by land or sea into China. The Qing government placed bounties on prisoners of war, or their heads or other body parts; during the Sino-Japanese War the bounty was 50 taels. Some Chinese soldiers had mutilated several Japanese soldiers' dead bodies and displayed them at the entrance of the city, infuriating the Japanese. Several vowed revenge, including Lieutenant Kijirō Nanbu. After only token resistance, the city fell to Japanese troops late on the morning of 21 November. What followed was a massacre of the remaining inhabitants of Port Arthur by the Japanese troops.

Massacre
Japanese troops entered Port Arthur at about 2:00 p.m. Upon seeing the mutilated remains of their fallen comrades, they took to killing those who remained in the town. Several accounts of the events were recorded by members of the Japanese forces, such as the following by a member of the 1st Division:

"As we entered the town of Port Arthur, we saw the head of a Japanese soldier displayed on a wooden stake. This filled us with rage and a desire to crush any Chinese soldier. Anyone we saw in the town, we killed. The streets were filled with corpses, so many they blocked our way.  We killed people in their homes; by and large, there wasn't a single house without from three to six dead.  Blood was flowing and the smell was awful.  We sent out search parties. We shot some, hacked at others.  The Chinese troops just dropped their arms and fled.  Firing and slashing, it was unbounded joy.  At this time, our artillery troops were at the rear, giving three cheers [banzai] for the emperor."

- Makio Okabe

The massacre lasted the next few days, and was witnessed by several Western observers, including Frederic Villiers, James Creelman who wrote for the New York World and Thomas Cowan, correspondent for The Times. Cowan described what he saw:

"Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday were spent by the soldiery in murder and pillage from dawn to dark, in mutilation, in every conceivable kind of nameless atrocity, until the town became a ghastly Inferno to be remembered with a fearsome shudder until one's dying day. I saw corpses of women and children, three or four in the streets, more in the water ... Bodies of men strewed the streets in hundreds, perhaps thousands, for we could not count – some with not a limb unsevered, some with heads hacked, cross-cut, and split lengthwise, some ripped open, not by chance but with careful precision, down and across, disembowelled and dismembered, with occasionally a dagger or bayonet thrust in the private parts. I saw groups of prisoners tied together in a bunch with their hands behind their backs, riddled with bullets for five minutes and then hewn to pieces.  I saw a junk stranded on the beach, filled with fugitives of either sex and of all ages, struck by volley after volley until – I can say no more."

- Thomas Cowan

Death toll

The scale and nature of the killing continues to be debated. Estimates range from 2,600 to 60,000 dead altogther.

Japanese participants reported mountains of corpses, yet the number of dead was never officially calculated. Cowan, who was a witness, reported that the "bodies of men strewed the streets in hundreds, perhaps thousands, for we could not count" and that there were "more in the water." Creelman, also a witness, asserted that up to 60,000 were killed, with only 36 spared.

According to a scouting report sent to Viceroy Li Hongzhang by the local official Liu Hanfang (劉含芳) soon after the massacre, 2,600~2,700 civilians were killed within the city. However, many more were slaughtered in the hills surrounding the city and for these they had no reliable count,and soldiers were not included in this count.

In 1948, the Chinese Communist Party built the cemetery "万忠墓" ("Wanzhong Tomb") and marked the total deaths to be 20,000, which included soldiers killed in action and fleeing soldiers disguised as civilians. The 20,000 figure became the orthodox figure in Chinese communist sources.

Some late-20th century Japanese sources repeat the death toll of 60,000 given by Creelman, but Stewart Lone, writing in 1994, one hundred years after the fact, attempted to discredit Creelman's claim, stating "[that] the entire city population was not massacred, however, is suggested by the speed with which Port Arthur's streets again filled after the Japanese occupation: had the civilian population been literally decimated or destroyed, it is unlikely that others would have ventured to trade and work under Japanese occupation."

Aftermath
The string of Japanese victories at Pyongyang and then at the Battle of the Yalu River had increased what had until then been only lukewarm Western interest in the war. By the time of the assault on Port Arthur, a number of Western reporters were attached to the Japanese Second Army. Western reporting on the massacre was controversial. Most correspondents such as the Canadian reporter James Creelman, writing for the New York World, and Frederic Villiers, a writer and illustrator for the London Black and White, described a wide scale and cold-blooded massacre, while Amédée Baillot de Guerville alleged in the pages of the New York Herald that no such massacre had occurred. Writing a decade later, de Guerville amended this view, claiming that though some 120 civilians were killed it still had not been a massacre.

Foreign reporters had to wait until they had left the area before they could file their stories, which the Japanese censors would otherwise have suppressed. At first, the incident garnered little attention: a one-sentence report in The Times on 26 November stated: "Great slaughter is reported to have taken place." James Creelman was the first to report on the massacre in a front-page article that declared:

"The Japanese troops entered Port Arthur on Nov. 21 and massacred practically the entire population in cold blood. ... The defenseless and unarmed inhabitants were butchered in their houses and their bodies were unspeakably mutilated. There was an unrestrained reign of murder which continued for three days. The whole town was plundered with appalling atrocities. ... It was the first stain upon Japanese civilization. The Japanese in this instance relapsed into barbarism."

- James Creelman

Other newspapers soon followed with detailed reports. The reports hurt Japan's international image and threatened the progress of negotiations with the United States to bring an end to the unequal treaties Japan had been made to sign in the 1850s. Japanese Foreign Minister Mutsu Munemitsu announced an investigation, publishing these intentions in the New York World, and promised not to interfere with foreign correspondents. On 16 December, the Foreign Ministry released a statement to the press, asserting the atrocities were exaggerations:

"The Japanese Government desires no concealment of the events at Port Arthur. On the contrary, it is investigating rigidly for the purpose of fixing the exact responsibility and is taking measures essential to the reputation of the empire. ... Japanese troops transported with rage at the mutilation of their comrades by the enemy, broke through all restraints ... [and] exasperated by the wholesale attempts [by Chinese soldiers] at escape disguised at citizens, they inflicted vengeance without discrimination. ... the victims, almost without exception, were soldiers wearing the stolen clothes of citizens."

The Japanese press generally avoided reporting on the massacre, or dismissed it, as when the Jiyū Shinbun called allegations "an invidious desire to detract from the glory of the Japanese Army". The accused Westerners of exaggerating the extent of the atrocities, and of hypocrisy in light of the atrocities they had committed throughout the East, stating that "the history of savage nations that have come in contact with Christian Occidentals is all but written in blood". Some questioned Creelman's reliability, and a rumour spread that he left for Shanghai after the fall of Port Arthur to work for the Chinese government. The Japan Weekly Mail, on the other hand, castigated the Japanese army in several articles. Attempts to launch an inquiry met resistance from those who wanted it covered up. The inquiry resulted in no punishments given out.

Domestic instability kept the Chinese government under pressure to conceal the defeat, rather than castigate the Japanese for the atrocities. The China Gazette reported on the attempted cover-up: "Telegraphic notices have been sent ... all over the empire by the officials saying that a wicked report has been set on foot by the enemy that they have captured Port Arthur, but it was utterly untrue, the place being garrisoned by 30,000 brave Chinese soldiers who would never give it up to the Japanese." As late as a month later, the China Gazette reported the defeat remained unknown even to many government officials. The pro-Japanese North-China Herald attempted to defend the perpetrators of the massacre by proposing "The circumstances were such as might have taxed the control of any invading force."

The incident strained the delicate foreign relations Japan had been dealing with. The war itself hurt Japan's relations with Britain, and threatened to hurt Japan's renegotiation of treaties with the US. The incident coloured Western perceptions of Japan as barbarians under a thin veil of civilization. These perceptions contributed to anti-Japanese sentiments in North America in the early 20th century, which would continue through World War II.

Further sources

 * Allan, James. Under the Dragon Flag. London: William Heinemann, 1898. (This purports to be a true account of the massacre by a young Englishman who had been trapped in the city at the time of its fall.)
 * Creelman, James. On the Great Highway, the Wanderings and Adventures of a Special Correspondent. Boston:Lothrop Publishing, 1901.
 * De Guerville, A. B. Au Japon. Paris: Alphonse Lemerre, 1904.
 * De Guerville, A. B. "In Defense of Japan. The Alleged Atrocities at Port Arthur Denied", Leslie’s Weekly (3 January 1895).
 * Dorwart, Jeffrey M. "James Creelman, the New York World and the Port Arthur Massacre", Journalism Quarterly, 50 (4) (1973):697–701.
 * Hardin, Thomas L. “American Press and Public Opinion in the First Sino-Japanese War", Journalism Quarterly, 50 (1) (1973):53–59.
 * Kane, Daniel C. "Each of Us in His Own Way: Factors Behind Conflicting Accounts of the Massacre at Port Arthur," Journalism History, vol. 31 (1) (Spring 2005):23–33.
 * Villiers, Frederic, The Truth about Port Arthur The North American Review, vol. 160, no. 460 (March 1895):325–331.

title: Port Arthur massacre (China)


text: User talk:156.33.131.9

title: User talk:156.33.131.9


text:
User:Chrisfel12

Chrisfel12 is a user name.

title: User:Chrisfel12


text:
User talk:Shareth

Hi Shareth, The quick way to restore a page (e.g. Trinity Grammar School, New South Wales), rather than copy and paste, is go to that page, then click "History", click the date of the version you want to restore (e.g. "11:02, 29 September 2005"), click "edit this page", note the warning about "You are editing an out-of-date revision of this page", put the description as "rv" or "revert", then click "save". This will put the page back to how it was in about 10 seconds, no copying or pasting required. -- All the best, Nickj (t) 23:40, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Shareth


text: File:Noddy 300.jpg

title: File:Noddy 300.jpg


text:
Fake Tales of San Francisco

"Fake Tales of San Francisco" is a song by English indie rock band Arctic Monkeys originally released on the band's first EP, Five Minutes with Arctic Monkeys, in May 2005. After being featured on the band's debut album Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not, the song was released as a radio-only single in the United States instead of "Leave Before the Lights Come On", which was released there at the end of October.

Background
The lyrical meaning of "Fake Tales of San Francisco" narrates the beginning of the band, their gigs in Sheffield local bars and their comparison to other bands. Alex Turner's lyrics express how bands tried to be like other bands, hence the lyric "get off the bandwagon". The lyrics expressed how bands portrayed this "fake" image of who they were and what they wanted their audience to perceive them as. In Fake Tales of San Francisco Alex's lyrics sound much older than an 18-year-old, the lyrics display a much wiser and sadder tone. There is a dry sorrow feel to the lyrics, especially when love is compared to be blind and deaf as well. Turner revamps a known phrase and gives it a new meaning. The lyrics also portray that a band should reconnect to its roots and should not create a fake idea of what the band is made to be.

Music video
The music video for the song is the same as when it was previously released on Five Minutes with Arctic Monkeys. Directed by a friend of the band, Mark Bull, the video features a compilation of footage of some of the band's earliest performances at various gigs and was given airplay in the UK on MTV Two in 2005. Although he has now left the band, the video includes several shots of former bassist Andy Nicholson. The music video was directed and released by Domino Recording Co. In the video it demonstrates the Arctic Monkeys at the start of their career. The video displays some flashback to old gigs. It shows the band in local smaller bars corresponding to the lyrics of the song.

title: Fake Tales of San Francisco


text:
Peace Politics People's Party

The Peace Politics People's Party (Fredspolitisk Folkeparti, FF) was a pacifist, liberal political party in Denmark.

History
The party was founded on 16 December 1963 by a group of pacifists who opposed Danish membership of NATO. In March 1964, a Socialist People's Party MP left to join the FF, giving it parliamentary representation. In the 1964 general elections the party received just 0.4% of the vote, failing to win a seat.

The party was disbanded in the end of the 1970s.

title: Peace Politics People's Party


text:
Talk:Trusted Computing Group

"The core idea of trusted computing is to give hardware manufacturers control over what software does and does not run on a system by refusing to run unsigned software.[3]", AKA - DRM (Digital Rights Management)

title: Talk:Trusted Computing Group


text:
List of trademark case law

This list contains an alphabetical listing of historically significant or leading case law in the area of US trademark law.

A

 * Anheuser-Busch, Inc. v. L & L Wings, Inc. 962 F.2d 316 (4th Cir. 1992)
 * Abercrombie & Fitch Co. v. Hunting World 537 F.2d 4 (2nd Cir. 1976) (established the spectrum of trademark distinctiveness in the United States, breaking trademarks into classes which are accorded differing degrees of protection)
 * Aycock Engineering v. Airflite, Inc. 560 F.3d 1350 (Fed. Cir. 2009)

B

 * Barclays Capital Inc. v. Theflyonthewall.com 650 F.3d 876 (2d Cir. 2011) ("hot news" misappropriation is preempted by copyright law where claims fall within the scope of the Copyright Act)
 * Blue Bell, Inc. v. Farah Manufacturing Co. 508 F.2d 1260 (5th Cir. 1975)

C

 * Cashmere & Camel Hair Manufacturers Institute v. Saks Fifth Avenue 284 F.3d 302 (1st Cir. 2002)
 * Ciba-Geigy Canada Ltd. v. Apotex Inc. [1992] 3 S.C.R. 120
 * Cliffs Notes, Inc. v. Bantam Doubleday Dell Publishing Group, Inc. 886 F.2d 490 (2d Cir. 1989)
 * Consumers Distributing Co. v. Seiko Time Canada Ltd. : passing off

D

 * Dastar Corp. v. Twentieth Century Fox Film Corp. 539 U.S. 23 (2003) (it is a misuse of trademark law to try to use the doctrine of reverse passing off to assert protection over a formerly copyrighted work which has passed into public domain)
 * Derry v. Peek (1888) LR 14 App Cas 337

E

 * Erven Warnink v. Townend & Sons Ltd. [1979] A.C. 731 (H.L.)
 * Eva's Bridal Ltd. v. Halanick Enterprises, Inc. 639 F.3d 788 (7th Cir. 2011) (naked licensing led to the mark being cancelled on the grounds of abandonment)

F

 * Fagnelli Plumbing Co. v. Gillece Plumbing and Heating, Inc. 2011 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 15090 (WD Pa. 2011) (evaluating misleading description and consumer confusion claims in domain dispute)
 * Frank Reddaway Ltd. v. George Banham [1896] A.C. 199 (H.L.)
 * Frosty Treats, Inc. v. Sony Computer Entertainment America, Inc. (8th Cir. 2005)

G

 * Gibson Guitar Corp. v. Paul Reed Smith Guitars 423 F.3d 539 (6th Cir. 2005)
 * GoPets Ltd v. Hise 657 F.3d 1024 (9th Cir. 2011) (Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA) claims to be evaluated at the point of registration, not re-registration)
 * Goto.com, Inc. v. Walt Disney Company 202 F.3d 1199 (9th Cir. 2000)

H

 * Houldsworth v. City Glasgow Bank (1818)
 * Hornby v. TJX Companies 87 USPQ2d 1411 (T.T.A.B. 2008) (cancellation granted on the basis of false suggestion of a connection between Twiggy and the children's clothing line)

I

 * Institut National v. Andres Wines Ltd. (1987) 16 C.P.R. (3d) 385 (Ont. H.C.): "shared goodwill"
 * Inwood Labs v. Ives Labs 456 U.S. 844 (1982) (evaluating functionality considerations and secondary liability for inducing infringement)

K

 * KP Permanent Make-Up, Inc. v. Lasting Impression I. Inc. 543 U.S. 111, 124 (2004) ("a plaintiff claiming infringement of an incontestable mark must show likelihood of consumer confusion as part of the prima facie case, ... while the defendant has no independent burden to negate the likelihood of any confusion in raising the affirmative defense that a term is used descriptively, not as a mark, fairly, and in good faith")

L

 * In re Lebanese Arak Corp., 94 U.S.P.Q.2d 1215 (T.T.A.B. 2010) (mark held to be disparaging due to its similarity to a term offensive to a religious group)
 * Louis Vuitton v. Haute Diggity Dog 507 F.3d 252 (CA4 2007) (parody is not automatically a defense to dilution, but a successful parody changes the approach to the 6 dilution factors)

M

 * Mattel, Inc. v. MCA Records, Inc. 296 F.3d 894 (9th Cir. 2002), cert. denied, 537 U.S. 1171 (2003) (song which parodies Barbie is noninfringing free speech, not unfair competition or prohibited dilution)
 * Moseley v. V Secret Catalogue, Inc. 537 U.S. 418 (2003) (evidence of actual dilution must be shown, not merely a likelihood of dilution)
 * Mutual of Omaha Ins. Co. v. Novak, 775 F.2d 247 (8th Cir. 1985)
 * Murphy Door Bed Co. v. Interior Sleep Systems, Inc. 874 F.2d 95 (2d Cir. 1989) (rejection of a claim of trademark infringement due to genericide of mark)

N

 * Nabisco, Inc. v. PF Brands, Inc. 191 F.3d 208 (2nd Cir. 1999)
 * New Kids on the Block v. News America Publishing 971 F.2d 302 (9th Cir. 1992)

O

 * Orkin Exterminating Co. Inc. v. Pestco Co. of Canada Ltd. (1985) 5 C.P.R. (3d) 433 (Ont. C.A.): passing off

P

 * Park 'n Fly, Inc. v. Dollar Park and Fly, Inc. 469 U.S. 189 (1985)
 * Peek v. Gurney (1873) LR 6 HL 377
 * People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals v. Doughney, 263 F.3d 359 (4th Cir. 2001)
 * Perry v. Truefitt (1842) 6 Beav. 66, 49 E.R. 749 : first passing off case
 * Polaroid Corp. v. Polarad Elects. 287 F.2d 492 (2nd Cir. 1961)
 * Pro-Football, Inc. v. Harjo 565 F.3d 880 (DC Cir. 2009)

R

 * Reckitt & Colman Products Ltd. v. Borden Inc. [1990] R.P.C. 341 (H.L.) packaging
 * Rock & Roll Hall of Fame v. Gentile Productions 134 F.3d 749 (6th Cir. 1998) (pictures of buildings do not violate trademark law)
 * Rogers v. Grimaldi, 875 F.2d 994 (2d Cir. 1989) (expressive uses of trademarks do not infringe)

Q

 * Qualitex Co. v. Jacobson Products Co., Inc., 514 U.S. 159 (1995) (a single color can qualify for trademark protection so long as it has acquired secondary meaning in the marketplace)

S

 * Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. v. Cadbury UK Limited [2012] EWHC 2637 (Ch) (1 October 2012)
 * Source Perrier (Societe Anonyme) v. Fira-Less Marketing Co. Ltd. (1983) 70 C.P.R. (2d) 61
 * Spalding v. Gamage (1915) 84 L.J.Ch. 449
 * Stork Restaurant Inc. v. Sahati 166 F. 2d 348 (9th Cir. 1948)
 * Sugar Busters v. Brennan 177 F.3d 258 (5th Cir. 1999)
 * Synergistic International LLC v. Korman 470 F.3d 162 (4th Cir. 2006)

T

 * Tiffany (NJ) Inc. v. eBay Inc. 600 F.3d 93 (2nd Cir. 2010) (trademark owners have the burden of policing for counterfeit items when their products are sold in an online marketplace)
 * Top Tobacco, LP v. North Atlantic Operating Co. 509 F.3d 380 (7th Cir. 2007)
 * TrafFix Devices, Inc. v. Marketing Displays, Inc. 532 U.S. 23 (2001) (a functional design can not be trademarked, and a patented design is presumed to be functional)
 * Two Pesos, Inc. v. Taco Cabana, Inc. 505 U.S. 763 (1992) (Supreme Court applied trademark distinctiveness spectrum to trade dress, arguably giving official sanction to the merger of the requirements for trademark and trade dress, noting that inherently distinctive trade dress required no showing of secondary meaning.)

U

 * Universal City Studios, Inc. v. Nintendo Co., Ltd. 746 F.2d 112 (SDNY 1982)
 * United Industries Corp. v. Clorox Co. 140 F.3d 1175 (8th Cir. 1998)

W

 * Wal-Mart Stores v. Samara Brothers 529 U.S. 205 (2000) (regarding trade dress - a product's design is distinctive, and therefore protectable, only upon a showing of secondary meaning)

Y

 * Yale Electric Corp. v. Robertson 26 F. 2d 972 (2nd Cir. 1928) (protection of trade names; even if marks are on goods which are not in competition, the mark may be infringing if there is a significant likelihood of consumer confusion)

title: List of trademark case law


text:
Air-Sea Battle

Air-Sea Battle is a fixed shooter developed and published by Atari, Inc. for the Atari VCS. Air-Sea Battle is partially based on the 1975 Atari arcade video game Anti-Aircraft where each player uses a ground-based gun to shoot passing aircraft. The cartridge adds other variants, such as planes dropping bombs on ships and a carnival-themed shooting gallery.

Sears published Air-Sea Battle as Target Fun and used it as the pack-in game for its Tele-Games rebranding of the VCS.

Gameplay
There are six basic types of games available in Air-Sea Battle and, for each type, there are one or two groups of three games, for a total of twenty-seven game variants. Within each group, variant one is the standard game, variant two features guided missiles which can be directed left or right after being fired, and variant three pits a single player (using the right gun) against a computer opponent, which simply fires continuously at the default angle or speed. In every game, players shoot targets (enemy planes or ships, shooting gallery targets, or each other, depending on the game chosen) competing to get a higher score. Each round lasts two minutes and sixteen seconds; the player with the higher score after time expires is the winner, unless one player wins (and ends the game) by reaching 99 points before the time is up.

Anti-aircraft games

Variants 1–6 are anti-aircraft games, in which the player uses a stationary anti-aircraft gun that can be positioned at a 30, 60, or 90-degree angle to shoot down four different types of aircraft. The planes typically appear in groups of three to five, and once every plane in a formation has been destroyed, a new formation appears. There are two groups of anti-aircraft games: in variants 1–3, each target hit is worth 1 point, while in 4–6, the various types of aircraft have different point values. Additionally, zero-point blimps are added as obstacles in games 4–6.

Torpedo games
The torpedo games (7–12) are similar to the anti-aircraft games, except that each player controls a submarine that can move left and right and fires at a 90-degree angle. The targets are ships instead of planes. As with the anti-aircraft games, in games 7–9, all targets are worth one point, while games 10–12 have variable point values for targets and additional zero-point obstacles.

Shooting gallery games
The shooting gallery games (13–15) differ from the previous variants in that the player can both set the angle of the gun and move the gun left and right. Instead of planes or ships, clowns, ducks, and rabbits are the targets, with point values of 1, 2, and 3 respectively.

Polaris games
The polaris games (16–18) put the player in control of a boat which moves back and forth across the bottom of the screen automatically. Instead of controlling the gun angle, the player controls the speed at which the ship moves, attempting to shoot the same fleets of planes as in the anti-aircraft variants, with the point values of games 4–6.

Bomber games
In the bomber games (19–21), the player-controlled vehicle is a plane flying near the top of the screen dropping bombs on the ships from the torpedo games. As in the polaris games, the plane's speed is controlled by the player, and the point values are identical to those in games 10–12.

Polaris vs. bomber games
In the polaris vs. bomber games (22–27), one player controls the ship from the polaris games while the other controls the plane from the bomber games, with the goal being to destroy the other player's craft. Games 25–27 feature zero-point mines as obstacles.

Development
In 1976, Warner Communications acquired Atari for $28 million. With new funding from Warner, Atari was able to hire new engineering talent to make games for their new system, the Atari Video Computer System (Atari VCS). Larry Kaplan recalled that he saw an ad for Atari and applied the job. Kaplan recalled he was told by Bob Brown that he was hired because he mentioned he has purchased an Altair 8800.

Kaplan would design Air-Sea Battle for the system. Steven Fulton of Game Developer stated Kaplan's game was based on the arcade games Anti-Aircraft and Destroyer. Kaplan said the game based on Anti-Aircraft, explaining that "In those days, we just ripped off anything we could make work."

Release
Air-Sea Battle was promoted as one of the titles available with the launch of the Atari VCS. According to Weekly Television Digest from October 17, 1977, the Atari VCS was shipped to all major market areas by August 1977. Other than Combat which was released with the Atari VCS, other promotional material from this period noted that these games had to be mail-ordered to pickup in the weeks following the release of the system. Air-Sea Battle was bunded into with the Sears release of the Atari VCS under its Tele-Games label. Air-Sea Battle was titled Target Fun in this release. The game would remain available on the market for years, with Atari having it in circulation by at least 1988.

Air-Sea Battle was re-released in various compilation formats, such as the Atari 80 in One for Windows in 2003 and the Atari Anthology for PlayStation 2 and Xbox in 2004. It was included in portable gaming compilations such as the Atari Greatest Hits for Nintendo DS and iOS-based smartphones. The game was included as part of the Atari 50: The Anniversary Celebration (2022) compilation for Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, Steam, and Xbox One.

Reception
From contemporary reviews, Bill Kunkel and Arnie Katz (under the name Frank T. Laney II) wrote in Video magazine, declaring it "the ultimate game for people who enjoy blowing things up". The two praised the Torpedo variant #11 as the best variation of the game on the cartridge noting its addictive qualities. The reviewers found the computer's inability to handle guided missile controls in single player mode and recommended playing the 2-player Torpedo variant #11 as a solo game if the player wished to experience a solitaire guided missile game.

Katz and Kunkel announced the first game awards in the 1980 issue of Video. For the first awards ceremony, their awards focused primarily on console games and all games released until 1980. Air-Sea Battle received the award for the "Best Target Game".

title: Air-Sea Battle