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Rachel Bluwstein

Rachel Bluwstein Sela (20 September (Julian calendar) 1890 – 16 April 1931) was a Hebrew-language poet who immigrated to Palestine, then part of the Ottoman Empire, in 1909. She is known by her first name, Rachel (רחל ), or as Rachel the Poetess. She is featured on Israel's 20 Shekel Banknote.

Biography
Rachel was born in Saratov in Imperial Russia on 20 September 1890, the eleventh daughter of Isser-Leib and Sophia Bluwstein, and granddaughter of the rabbi of the Jewish community in Kiev. During her childhood, her family moved to Poltava, Ukraine, where she attended a Russian-speaking Jewish school and, later, a secular high school. She began writing poetry at the age of 15. When she was 17, she moved to Kiev and began studying painting.

At the age of 19, Rachel visited The British Mandate of Palestine, with her sister Shoshana, en route to Italy, where they were planning to study art and philosophy. They decided to stay on as Zionist pioneers, learning Hebrew by listening to children’s chatter in kindergartens. They settled in Rehovot and worked in the orchards. Later, Rachel moved to Kvutzat Kinneret on the shores of the Sea of Galilee, where she studied and worked in a women's agricultural school. At Kinneret, she met Zionist leader A. D. Gordon who was to be a great influence on her life, and to whom she dedicated her first Hebrew poem.

In 1913, on the advice of Gordon, she journeyed to Toulouse, France to study agronomy and drawing. When World War I broke out, unable to return to British Palestine, she returned instead to Russia where she taught Jewish refugee children. In Russia she suffered from poverty and strenuous labour, as well as the reappearance of her childhood lung disease. It may have been at this point in her life that she contracted tuberculosis. Lonely, ill and famished, she had only one hope left: to return to Israel. In 1919, after the war, she boarded the first ship to leave Russia to Israel.

She returned to Palestine on board the ship Ruslan and for a while joined the small agricultural kibbutz Degania, a settlement neighbouring her previous home at Kinneret. However, shortly after her arrival she was diagnosed with tuberculosis, then an incurable disease. Now unable to work with children for fear of contagion, she was expelled from Degania and left to fend for herself. In 1925 she lived briefly in a small white house in the courtyard of the William Holman Hunt House at No. 64 Street of the Prophets in Jerusalem. She spent the rest of her life traveling and living in Tel Aviv, eking out a living by providing private lessons in Hebrew and French, and finally settled in a sanatorium for tuberculosis patients in Gedera.

Rachel died on 16 April 1931 in Tel Aviv, at the age of 40. She is buried in the Kinneret cemetery in a grave overlooking the Sea of Galilee, following her wishes as expressed in her poem If Fate Decrees. Alongside her are buried many of the socialist ideologues and pioneers of the second and third waves of immigration. Naomi Shemer was buried near Rachel, according to Shemer's wish.

Literary career
As a member of the editorial staff of Davar newspaper, Zalman Rubashov (later Zalman Shazar, who became the third President of Israel) encouraged her to write and publish her poetry.

Her early work was in Russian, but she switched to Hebrew. Most of her poems were written in the final six years of her life, usually on small notes to her friends. In 1920, her first poem, “Mood”, was published in Davar. Eventually, the majority of her poems were published there on a weekly basis, and quickly became popular with the Jewish community in Palestine and, later, the State of Israel.

Rachel is known for her lyrical style, the brevity of her poems, and the revolutionary simplicity of her conversational tone. The majority of her poetry is set in the pastoral countryside of the Palestine. Many of her poems echo her feelings of longing and loss, a result of her inability to realise her aspirations in life. In several poems, she mourns the fact that she will never have a child of her own. Lyrical, exceedingly musical, and characterised by its simple language and deep feeling, her poetry deals with fate, her own difficult life, and death. Her love poems emphasise the feelings of loneliness, distance, and longing for the beloved. They also touch upon the hardships and laments of a pioneer reminiscing upon times spent working the land. Her lighter poetry is ironic and often comic. Her writing was influenced by French imagism, Biblical stories, and the literature of the Second Aliyah pioneers. Another major creative influence on Rachel’s poetry was the Acmeists and their leader, the Russian poet Anna Akhmatova. Rachel’s style reflects the movement’s strive for “clarity, accuracy, conciseness, and economy of language” in poetry.

In some poems, Rachel expresses identification with Biblical figures such as Rachel, her namesake matriarch, and Michal, wife of David.

Rachel also wrote a one-act comic play Mental Satisfaction, which was performed but not published in her lifetime. This ironic vignette of pioneer life was recently rediscovered and published in a literary journal.

Awards and recognition
Rachel was the first Jewish woman poet in The British Mandate of Palestine to receive recognition in a genre that was practiced solely by men. Anthologies of her poetry remain bestsellers to this day. Many of her poems were set to music, both during her lifetime and afterwards, and are widely sung by Israeli singers. Her poems are included in the mandatory curriculum in Israeli schools. A selection of her poetry was translated to English and published under the title Flowers of Perhaps: Selected Poems of Ra'hel, by the London publisher Menard. Poems by Rachel have been translated to English, German, Czech, Polish, Esperanto, Italian, Serbo-Croatian, Hungarian, Basque (by Benito Lertxundi) and Slovak.

In his foreword to the 1994 edition of Flowers of Perhaps, the acclaimed Israeli poet Yehuda Amichai stated: "What may be most remarkable about the poetry of Ra'hel, a superb lyric poet, is that it has remained fresh in its simplicity and inspiration for more than seventy years."

In 2011, Rachel was chosen as one of four great poets whose portraits would be on Israeli currency (the other three being Leah Goldberg, Shaul Tchernichovsky, and Nathan Alterman).

In 2016, Google Doodle commemorated her 126th birthday.

Poetry books published in Hebrew

 * Aftergrowth, Davar, 1927 (Safiah, ספיח)
 * Across From, Davar, 1930 (Mineged, מנגד)
 * Nevo, Davar, 1932 (Nevo, נבו)

Later Hebrew editions and compilations

 * Poems, Davar, 1935 (Shirat Rachel, שירת רחל)
 * The Poems and Letters of Rachel, in Manuscript, Hotza'at Kineret, 1969 (Shirei Rachel u-Mikhtaveiha bi-Khtav Yada שירי רחל ומכתביה בכתב ידה)
 * Inside and Outside Home (children), Sifriat Poalim, 1974 (Ba-Bayit U Va-Hutz, בבית ובחוץ)
 * As Rachel Waited, Tamuz, 1982 [Ke-Chakot Rachel, כחכות רחל]
 * Poems, Letters, Writings, Dvir, 1985 (Shirim, Mikhtavim, Reshimot, שירים, מכתבים, רשימות)
 * In My Garden, Tamuz, 1985 (Be-Gani Neta`atikha, בגני נטעתיך)
 * Will You Hear My Voice, Bar, 1986 (Ha-Tishma Koli, התשמע קולי)
 * Rachel's Poems, Sridot, 1997 (Shirei Rachel, שירי רחל)

Translations

 * English: Flowers of Perhaps: Selected Poems of Rahel London, Menard, 1995, ISBN 1-874320-02-0
 * Finnish: Lähellä kaikki kaukaisuus: Runoja Basam Books, 2021, ISBN 978-952-733-700-4
 * German: Berlin, Hechalutz, 1936; Tel Aviv, Davar, 1970
 * Spanish: Barcelona, Riopiedras, 1985
 * Yiddish: Winnipeg, WIZO U.S.A. and Canada, 1932
 * Buenos Aires, Kium Farlag, 1957

Individual poems have been published in Afrikaans, Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, English, Esperanto, French, Frisian, German, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbo-Croatian, Slovak, Spanish, Ukrainian, Vietnamese, Welsh, and Yiddish.

Books about Rachel

 * Biography in French: " Quand Israël rêvait. La vie de Rachel Bluwstein." Author: Martine Gozlan. Editor: Le Cerf, Paris, 2018

Selected poems
Our Garden Spring and early morning –  ''do you remember that spring, that day? – our garden at the foot of Mount Carmel,'' facing the blue of the bay?

You are standing under an olive, and I, like a bird on a spray, am perched on the silvery tree-top. We are cutting black branches away.

From below, your saw’s rhythmic buzzing reaches me in my tree, and I rain down from above you fragments of poetry.

Remember that morning, that happiness? They were – and disappeared, like the short spring of our country, the short spring of our years. Barren Oh, if I had a son, a little son, with black curled hair and clever eyes, A little son to walk with in the garden under morning skies a son, a little son.

I'd call him Uri, little laughing Uri, a tender name, as light, as full of joy as sunlight on the dew, as tripping on the tongue as the laughter of a boy - "Uri" I'd call him.

And still I wait, as mother Rachel waited, or Hannah at Shiloh, she the barren one, until the day comes when my lips whisper, "Uri, my son." Ra'hel's Book By her grave her book dangles from a chain, as if the words had not already flown, and sown, in hearts everywhere, seeds of song. Nurtured by despair they flower there.

title: Rachel Bluwstein


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Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Janitzio

Janitzio

This is a photo I took of the Morelos statue in Janitzio, Michoacan, Mexico in January 2001. It illustrates the incredibly striking blue sky in Mexico at that time against the statue as well as the size of the statue contrasting the two people below.

Bam.PiccoloNamek 05:25, 8 October 2005 (UTC) Raven4x4x 09:51, 20 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Nominate and support. - Dmetzger 03:03, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a beautiful photo, but far too small. Do you have a larger version? —Cryptic (talk) 03:14, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Updated with bigger size Dmetzger 03:46, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you. —Cryptic (talk) 04:55, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support PiccoloNamek's version, though not at that image name ("Clonedout-Hardwork"?) —Cryptic (talk) 18:12, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Looks great, the clouded sky gives it a nice and dramatic feel. Any chance the people on the far bottom can be cropped out? - Mgm|(talk) 08:33, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support the cleaned version. - Mgm|(talk) 21:55, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It does look great, but for me the security camera (or whatever it is) ruins the picture for me Tekana (O.o) Talk 16:23, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I tried cropping the people out, and I tried cropping the camera out. And without the whole picture for the whole effect, it just didn't look right. I have another edition from another angle I'd be willing to post, but I don't have time. It still has a lightpole along the side, however. I couldn't exactly ask the Mexicans to remove the security camera just so I could take a picture, and the back side of Morelos isn't near as impressive. I enjoy this photo for the outstanding sky, the grandiosity of the statue, and the contrast to the people below. I think that the people in the picture are important, because it shows that no matter how small one is compared to the greatness of this world, you can still make a very large contribution to life, just as Jose Maria Morelos did. Thanks. Dmetzger 03:06, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support this new, camera-less and people-less image. —DO'Иeil 10:36, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support this new, camera-less and people-less image --Msoos 13:39, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support this new, camera-less and people-less image --Haon 15:44, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. It's a cool statue, but do you have a shot where the hand isn't cut off? Also I think the details are a tad dark. --ScottyBoy900Q ∞  16:05, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Cuting off less important parts has already disqualified many other pictures. Also, from this angle the statue looks like a large ludo game piece. --Dschwen 18:20, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support- Looks great. -- ZeWrestler  Talk 20:29, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. It's a spectacular work of photography, except that the "climax" (hand, fist, whatever it might be) is missing. A fatal flaw, to me. –Uris 00:23, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support second version. Nice shot. TomStar81 00:30, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * ( − ) Oppose Agree with ScottyBoy. It is also overall a little too blue --Fir0002 02:16, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. It's quite nice, but as mentioned above, the features are a little too dark. Enochlau 05:02, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose - Agree with Fir.--Deglr6328 05:31, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Great sky, but the features of the statue are too dark.  The fact that it does not show the entire statue also bothers me.  I like the original version (where the people lend scale to the monument) slightly better, but not enough to support it. gisle h. 14:41, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support the first image. I love the sense of scale given by having the people in the picture.  And I love the color of the sky.  Hey, sometimes it does look like that, you know. Unschool 02:51, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose the cloned-out version. Gentlemen, this is encyclopedia. We cannot create reality by cropping out street lights just because it looks more nice. We are to describe reality, not alter it. Halibutt 22:50, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support second version. Bevo 02:39, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose Agree with Uris; the missing hand (or torch or whatever) ruins this picture. Alr 21:27, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Talk:British West Indies dollar

I'm now realising that the "West Indies Dollar"
... as it is being called on Wikipedia and the Beewee dollar (BWI$) has got to be one of the *same* "creature"(If I can call it that.) It just came-to-me that based on the time frame that's being outlined for this "West Indies Dollar" / "WID" as it's called on Wikipedia, it has to actually be the "BWI$"...

All along this title of "West Indies Dollar" wasn't really ringing a bell with me but there was a def. period just before or around the 1950's that the "BWI$" was implemented and called the "BeeWee dollar". If phetically spelled.

"BeeWee" (BWI) was used to designate anything as being from British West Indies.
 * Note -- The "BeeWee" dollar- shouldn't be mistaken with BWIA ("BWee" Airways).

It wasn't uncommon at to hear prices quoted in the fashion: $x.xx "BeeWee" example: "$2.70 BeeWee" for British West Indies dollar.

I had learned that all along that the BWI$ was the first currenct used in the islands because before that you had a brief period with the Pound but before that for a long time was a non-standardized monetary situation in the Caribbean where there was a "Florin", a US$ and a British Pound all accepted between the islands eventually giving way to just the British Pound. Then BWI$ I couldn't figure out where with "WID$" as it's called on Wikipedia would have fit in. Thie WID$ dollar must actually be BWI$ dollar?

Some other sources I just came across to double check: -In the first link. The US government has the regional dollar terminology listed as "BWI". -In the second link. Under the year 1951 - that date is listed as the beginning of BVI's opposition of the regional BWI$. -In the third link. Another person's rendition of Caribbean history, from what I see the dates appear correct for the dates I know of concerning Dominica, Barbados, Trinidad and Tobago in that source. -In the fourth link. Scroll down to "The Caribbean" it only talks about a BWI$.

 * US State Department abbreviations (1961-1963 version)
 * Under year 1951 - BVI's rejection of the regional BWI$
 * History of Caribbean politics
 * "The Caribbean"

Where'd this idea of "WID dollar" come from? CaribDigita 03:03, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Photo of the British West Indies dollar?
- Are these the BWI$ ??? or E.C.? You can see a **small** map with ("Br. Guiana") in South America included. Oddly enough Jamaica is not listed on the back?

 * Year 1956 -- British Caribbean Territories banknote (front)
 * Year 1956 -- British Caribbean Territories banknote (back)
 * Year 1958 -- British Caribbean Territories banknote (front)
 * Year 1958 -- British Caribbean Territories banknote (back)

The main website with these currencies - http://www.numismondo.com/ CaribDigita 23:45, 11 September 2006 (UTC)

 * The photos above are of British West Indies dollars. They are not Eastern Caribbean dollars which didn't come into existence until 1965. David Tombe (talk) 01:21, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Jamaica was never part of that arrangement. Neither were the Bahamas, Bermuda, British Honduras, the Cayman Islands, or the Turks and Caicos Islands. It was purely and Eastern Caribbean and British Guiana arrangemnet. David Tombe (talk) 01:19, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

Anyone have a paid subscription to New York Times to see if this article is any good?
BEEWEE DOLLAR - November 6, 1955, Sunday Section: RESORTS TRAVEL, Page XX5, 111 words CaribDigita (talk) 03:46, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

The unanswered question
The use of the dollar as a unit of account was widespread in British Guiana and the Eastern Caribbean territories as a hang over from the time when the pieces of eight had been in widespread circulation. But silver dollars disappeared from circulation in the years following the great silver crisis of 1873. By the twentieth century, the British sterling coinage was well established as the exclusive coinage throughout the British West Indies. Some of the British West Indies, notably Jamaica, the Bahamas, and Bermuda had already been long using sterling as a unit of account as well. It seems strange that when the British government decided to set up a currency board in 1935 for the Eastern Caribbean territories, that they didn't use it as an opportunity to uniformize the accounts systems to sterling and bring them all into line with Jamaica. Does anybody know the answer to this one? David Tombe (talk) 23:54, 7 August 2009 (UTC)

Royal Bank of Canada issues for Trinidad and Tobago
Is there any way of getting the pictures from this web link legitimately displayed in the main article? David Tombe (talk) 01:13, 16 August 2009 (UTC)

"Eastern Group"?
Would this not imply that there would also be a "British Caribbean Territories, Western Group"? But clearly no such thing exists. Why were the coins marked in that way when there was no other "group" of "British Caribbean Territories" for them to be confused with? 75.76.213.106 (talk) 08:30, 5 February 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on British West Indies dollar. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110706132053/http://centralbank.org.bb/WEBCBB.nsf/webpage/580B8A7909CC2876042573650078A7A3?OpenDocument to http://www.centralbank.org.bb/WEBCBB.nsf/webpage/580B8A7909CC2876042573650078A7A3?OpenDocument

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Summary of dates for BWI$
The information presented in West Indies dollar establishes the following dates:
 * 1946: A West Indian Currency Conference agreed to establish a unified decimal currency system based on a West Indian dollar.
 * 1949: The British government formalized the dollar system of accounts in British Guiana and the Eastern Caribbean territories by introducing the British West Indies dollar (BWI$).
 * 1955: Until 1955, the BWI$ existed only as banknotes in conjunction with sterling fractional coinage. Decimal coins replaced the sterling coins in 1955.

So I am changing the beginning date of the use of BWI$ from 1935 to 1949 in the lead paragraph of West Indies dollar and in the info box of British Guiana; agreeing with existing text in Antigua dollar and Currencies of the British West Indies.

—Coroboy (talk) 11:49, 21 July 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:British West Indies dollar


text:
User talk:WyldStallionRyder

Treo 700 official name?
I did not name the Treo 700 in my edit because I don't think it's the official name yet. Have you confirmed that it is definitely going to be the 700? Maybe a mention that it's been dubbed the 700, but not officially. Just wondering if you've got a source. --J. J. 03:04, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Please provide a reference. I have scoured the palmOne site and can't find any mention of "700". --J. J. 05:28, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've checked the sources that you've listed on my Talk page, but the official press release never mentions the name 700, neither does last week's Microsoft interview (they call it the "Treo Smartphone"). I know that a lot of news articles and buzz call it the 700 or 700w, but I didn't want people to get the wrong idea and create a Treo 700 Wikipedia entry, although it may be useful as a redirect in the future. Please reconsider changing it back to my original terminology with the possible mention of the "700" as an alias. (You can request a comment on the Wikipedia Negotiation page if you still feel that I am in error.) Thanks!

title: User talk:WyldStallionRyder


text:
User:T-rex

 Nada além da química em minha cabeça... I no longer see a need for a user page as you don't really want to read a self bio about me, and I don't really want to write one either

Directory of Subpages

 * /anotherPage - a test page
 * /switchfoot - a sandbox for reorganizing the Switchfoot article in early 2006
 * /playerInfo - a player info box for hockey articles, failed to gain support on the ice hockey wikiproject, and was never finished
 * /playerInfoExample - a page to demonstrate the above infobox
 * /pirate - a userbox
 * /lostUser - another userbox
 * /switchfoot/album6 - a sandbox for precreating the Oh! Gravity. article in summer of 2006
 * /testBot - a fake page for testing my bot
 * /essays - a page listing the essays that I've written, and those that I support

title: User:T-rex


text:
Timmy Chang

Timothy Kealii'okaaina Awa Chang (born October 9, 1981) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is currently the head coach of the Hawaii Rainbow Warriors. During his playing career at Hawaii, he set several major college football passing records, including the NCAA record for most all-time passing yards; this record was later eclipsed by Case Keenum in 2011, although Chang still remains in second place.

Chang has also played for the Arizona Cardinals, Detroit Lions, Philadelphia Eagles, Rhein Fire, Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Winnipeg Blue Bombers.

Early years
Born in Waipahu, Hawaii, Chang attended St. Louis School in Honolulu and was an honors student and a three-year letterman in football and basketball. Chang was selected a prep All-American by eight major organizations and publications. As a member of the St. Louis School football team, Chang completed 464 passes for 8,001 yards and 113 touchdowns in his three-year career. Chang graduated from Saint Louis High School in 2000.

College career
Following high school, Chang played five seasons (2000–2004) for the University of Hawai'i Warriors where he started 50 of 53 career games at quarterback. Chang completed 1,388 of 2,436 passes (57.0 percent) for 17,072 yards and 117 touchdowns, breaking the old NCAA Division I-A all-time records of 1,231 completions in 1,883 attempts by Kliff Kingsbury of Texas Tech University (1999–2002) and 15,031 yards by Ty Detmer of Brigham Young University (1989–91). Chang participated in 2,587 plays, breaking the old NCAA career record of 2,156 by Kingsbury. Chang's 16,910 yards in total offense broke the previous NCAA record of 14,465 by Detmer. Chang also had six rushing touchdowns and was a four-time All-Western Athletic Conference selection.

Chang currently holds NCAA Football Bowl Subdivision all-time records for total plays (2,587), passes attempted (2,436), and interceptions (80). He ranks second in total offensive yards (16,910) and career passing yards (17,072) and is eleventh in touchdown passes (117). Chang holds the school record for career passing yards and total offense, and is second in career passing touchdowns and total touchdowns.

Chang was named the Most Valuable Player of the 2003 Hawaii Bowl in a triple-overtime victory over the University of Houston, and was named Co-MVP, with Chad Owens, of the 2004 Hawaii Bowl in a victory over the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Chang was a finalist for the Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award for the 2004 season. He made a cameo in NCAA Football 06.

Professional career
Chang was signed by the Arizona Cardinals after going undrafted in the 2005 NFL Draft, but was cut in training camp. That year, Chang also played in the preseason for the Detroit Lions but did not make the final roster. He then signed with the Philadelphia Eagles, who allocated him to the NFL Europe in 2006. He played for the Rhein Fire of NFL Europa for the 2006 season, in which he completed 50 of 89 passes for 656 yards, 4 touchdowns and 3 interceptions, while sharing playing time with Drew Henson. He was in training camp with the Philadelphia Eagles in 2006, but was cut before the start of the regular season.

The Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the CFL acquired the negotiating rights to Chang in a February 12, 2007 trade with the Edmonton Eskimos. Chang signed with Hamilton on March 13, 2007.

During the 2007 season, he started two of 18 games played, completing 42 of 89 pass attempts for 467 yards, one touchdown, and seven interceptions. Chang played in his first regular season game on June 30, 2007, against the Calgary Stampeders when he replaced the struggling Jason Maas towards the end of the fourth quarter, completing his first career CFL pass, a 51-yard pass to Jesse Lumsden, overall finishing 4 of 7 for 86 yards. He threw his first career CFL touchdown on July 14 during the Ticats 29–20 loss to Montreal, a 71-yard pass to Brock Ralph.

Chang was released by the Tiger-Cats on August 29, 2008, and signed by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers the following day. He retired in 2009 and returned to the University of Hawaii to complete his bachelor's degree.

Coaching career
Southern Methodist University head football coach June Jones, who coached Chang at Hawai'i, announced in May 2012 that Chang would join his staff as a graduate assistant. Chang was chosen as the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach for Jackson State in February 2014, assisting newly named head coach Harold Jackson. In his first season as offensive coordinator, Jackson State averaged 25.8 points per game. QB La Montiez Ivy threw for 3,209 yards and 22 touchdowns. WR Daniel Williams finished the season with 73 catches for 1,004 yards and 9 touchdowns. Both were named to the All-SWAC team.

It was announced in December 2016 that Chang would join Nevada as an inside wide receivers coach. He moved to the tight ends coaching position in 2018 before moving back to coach wide receivers in 2021.

When Nevada's head coach Jay Norvell was hired by Colorado State following the 2021 season, Chang followed him to Fort Collins and was named the wide receivers coach for the Rams.

Hawaii
Chang was named the 25th head coach in program history at his alma mater, Hawaii, on January 22, 2022. He signed a four-year deal.

Personal life
Chang and his wife have five children; he also has a son from a previous relationship.

On July 2, 2009, Chang was arrested on suspicion of robbery. Police stated that he had seen a woman filming a fight in Honolulu's Pearlridge neighborhood, demanded that she stop filming, and upon her refusal and a subsequent struggle, had taken her camera and thrown it to the roof of a nearby building. Booked on criminal property damage and harassment, Chang pleaded guilty to both crimes in February 2010. His plea deal included six months probation.

title: Timmy Chang


text:
Talk:Brindle

Brindle
Brindles are awesome. I love the shine of the lighter colour patterns in the sun... how pretty!

I suggest that the place should have a new page and Brindle the colour should remain on this page as it is by far the most common use of the word

Does anyone have any pics of a brindled cat or horse? All the pics are of dogs except for one bull (which looks pretty cool) Greencircle (talk) 07:35, 4 February 2008 (UTC)

 * I wish we did, all the photos of brindle horses I have found are copyrighted and so not able to be used on wikipedia. It's a bummer, because they are VERY cool looking.  Maybe a promotional photo would work with a fair use tag, may be worth looking into.   Montanabw (talk) 01:36, 5 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I might look around & see what I can find. Greencircle (talk) 06:23, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

Dog photos
Do we need an entire gallery of 15 brindle dog photos in this article?? Can we cut some of them, maybe see if there's a link to brindle dog pics in Commons? Help? Anyone? Montanabw (talk) 03:13, 14 December 2008 (UTC)
 * I have removed the entire gallery since it was disrupting the flow of the article. I left one image of a brindle Akita Inu as a example of brindle dog. -Coaster1983 (talk) 00:31, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

 * The dog photo was only a head shot, so I added back in just one more of a full body and real obvious pattern. Thanks for fixing that, though.  Montanabw (talk) 03:05, 2 November 2009 (UTC)

Source for brindle horses
This article in the AQHA Journal would be very useful for anyone hoping to improve the coverage of brindle in horses. All the best. Countercanter (talk) 13:31, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Feel free to pop it in if you want.  Montanabw (talk) 03:39, 1 July 2009 (UTC)

References Are Messed Up
Could someone with good coding skills fix them? The links seem to be appearing below the references section, leaving the actual references empty. RestlessThoughts (talk) 07:34, 26 July 2010 (UTC)

Hopkins twice
Thanks to Hopkins lovers there are two references to pied beauty in the same section. Animal lovers, Poetry lovers ? Concision lovers please help. --82.227.17.30 (talk) 08:38, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Why cats excluded?
The opening sentence omits cats - and yet the definitions provided under the Thesaurus listings for brindle in freedictionary.com both refer to cats (and only cats). I suggest adding cats to the opening and adding a section on brindled cats complete with a photo.Penelope Gordon (talk) 05:19, 28 April 2013 (UTC)

There exists tabby, which is a different thing from the genetic brindling discussed here. The tabby article discusses that genetic structure there. A dab or short paragraph explaining this could be useful, perhaps. Montanabw (talk) 22:01, 29 April 2013 (UTC)

Addition to the 'Etymology and literature' section?
I note that the usage for brindle / brindled is a 'brindle pattern' but a 'brindled grey cat'. If anyone knows the rule (and the reasoning behind the rule) for when to add the 'd' that information would be a great addition to the 'Etymology and literature' section.Penelope Gordon (talk) 05:22, 28 April 2013 (UTC)

 * I think those references are to tabby cats, which is a whole different thing, at least genetically.  Montanabw (talk) 21:59, 29 April 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brindle


text:
Category:Battlestar Galactica characters

Category for characters from both the original series and from the reimagined series.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Manlow

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 14:41, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Manlow
Unverified material. anon user:82.210.117.215 raises reasonable questions of accuracy at Talk:Manlow. Claims are 'suspicious' unless supporting evidence can be found. e.g. widely believed among theorists [apparently historians]... no actual evidence... I have trouble accepting reputatable scholars would widely believe something without any actual evidence. Possible hoax. (Google ineffective in such cases.) Propose delete unless can be verified. RJFJR 03:07, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unverifiable.  Jkelly 05:20, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, likely hoax. A search on Google with the string "Manlow Holland" returns a Wikipedia hit, & lots about Barry Manlow & Eric Manlow in Holland, but nothing about this family, royal or otherwise. The original contributor made two other edits, neither of which inspire confidence in this material. Were I 99% sure that this was a hoax I'd label this as a Speedy delete, but I'm only 85-90% sure. -- llywrch 18:37, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - I looked on the last page. The butler did it! Qaz  ( talk ) 05:16, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete Absolutely a hoax. There's no such thing. Check out the index from Jonathon Israel's absolutely masterful survey and you'll see it passes from Mandeville to Mansfeld.   Dottore So 06:15, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as patent nonsense. Aecis 15:56, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * For more on the above: this is a list of all Dutch noble families. Aecis 19:37, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Manlow


text:
User:Buitre

Also known as Daniel M Hazard de los Reyes.

title: User:Buitre


text:
Night Eyes

Night Eyes is a 1990 American erotic thriller film written by Tom Citrano and Andrew Stevens and directed by Jag Mundhra. It stars Andrew Stevens, Tanya Roberts, Cooper Huckabee, and Warwick Sims. The film was followed by a series of sequels following similar plots.

Plot summary
Will Griffith is the owner of a security and surveillance company in Los Angeles. Will is hired by a rock star named Brian Walker, who is undergoing a messy divorce from his philandering wife Nikki, to rig the Walkers' home with video cameras to capture Nikki cheating on him with various lovers. During this job, Will gets to know Nikki better and ultimately grows more attracted to and protective of her, eventually ending up having an affair with her. Brian discovers their relationship, becomes jealous and breaks into the home in a fit of rage and is killed by Will in an act of self-defense. Events start to unfold and Will begins to realize that he may have been used as a decoy for something much bigger than he thought.

Cast

 * Andrew Stevens as Will Griffith
 * Tanya Roberts as Nikki Walker
 * Cooper Huckabee as Ernie
 * Stephen Meadows as Michael Vincent
 * Warwick Sims as Brian Walker
 * Veronica Henson-Phillips as Lauretta
 * Karen Elise Baldwin as Ellen
 * Yvette Buchanan as Baby Doll
 * Steven Burks as Tom Clemmons
 * Paul Carr as Tom Michaelson
 * Dena Drotar as Muffy Goldstein
 * Larry Poindexter as Bard Goldstein
 * Chick Vennera as Shapiro

Production
Night Eyes was filmed within a month, starting on November 27, 1989, and finishing in December. It was filmed in Los Angeles, California, while a sequence was filmed in Kenya.

Sequels
There was a series of sequels, all of which feature Andrew Stevens on the role of Will Griffith. The first two (Night Eyes 2 and Night Eyes 3) feature Shannon Tweed in the lead female role, while the fourth one features Paula Barbieri.

title: Night Eyes


text:
Talk:I Can't Help Myself (Sugar Pie Honey Bunch)

This article should not have "(Sugar Pie, Honey Bunch)" in the title.

 * Yes, it should. That's part of the song's title. --FuriousFreddy 20:14, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

Which came first "Garde moi dans ta poche" by Sylvie Vartan or this song? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.176.181.188 (talk) 16:48, 3 November 2009 (UTC)


text:
Heilbut, Symons & Co v Buckleton

Heilbut, Symons & Co v Buckleton [1912] UKHL 2 is an English contract law case, given by the House of Lords on misrepresentation and contractual terms. It held that a non-fraudulent misrepresentation gave no right to damages. This was decided decades before Hedley Byrne v Heller, where damages for negligent misrepresentation were introduced in English law, and, thus, it would today be regarded as wrongly decided under the tort of negligent misrepresentation.

Facts
During an economic boom in the rubber trade 1910 (at the end of the Amazon rubber boom), Heilbut, Symons & Co were merchants who were underwriting shares of what they claimed was a rubber business, called the Filisola Rubber and Produce Estates, Limited in Mexico. Buckleton called up a manager at Heilbut to inquire about the shares. In response to the questions, the manager confirmed that they were "bringing out a rubber company". Based on this statement, Buckleton purchased a large number of shares. The company turned out to have far fewer rubber trees than expected. The shares performed very poorly. Buckleton sued for breach of warranty.

At trial the Court found that Heilbut made misrepresentation but was not done fraudulently. Nevertheless, at trial it was found that there was a warranty in the statement regarding the rubber company. The claimant, Buckleton, did not succeed at trial.

Judgment
The House of Lords held that no damages could be payable because it was not a fraudulent misrepresentation. Lord Moulton identified two ways that the action could be successful. First, if the plaintiff could show fraudulent misrepresentation "or what is equivalent thereto, must be made recklessly, not caring whether it be true or not." Second, if there was intent (animus contrahendi) to be held to a promise then there may be a collateral contract, that would bind Heilbut to their representation. However, Lord Moulton stated that such collateral contracts would be rare, and on the facts none was found. Lord Moulton said,

It is, my Lords, of the greatest importance, in my opinion, that this House should maintain in its full integrity the principle that a person is not liable in damages for an innocent misrepresentation, no matter in what way or under what form the attack is made. In the present case the statement was made in answer to an inquiry for information. There is nothing which can by any possibility be taken as evidence of an intention on the part of either or both of the parties that there should be a contractual liability in respect of the accuracy of the statement. It is a representation as to a specific thing and nothing more.

Significance
Although Heilbut, Symons & Co would today be counted as having made at least a negligent misrepresentation, the case still has relevance for the general principle that representations become part of the contract if (as a very general principle) this is "intended". In Oscar Chess Ltd v Williams the Court of Appeal further clarified that the balance of information between a buyer and seller is relevant to determine what was actually intended, giving preference for the intentions of non-commercial parties who rely on others.

title: Heilbut, Symons & Co v Buckleton


text:
Tan Chay Yan

Tan Chay Yan (1871 - 6 March 1916) was a rubber plantation merchant and philanthropist. A Peranakan, Tan is the grandson of philanthropist Tan Tock Seng by his father, Tan Teck Guan.

Tan was noted in Malayan history as the first man to plant rubber on a commercial basis, after he was introduced to rubber planting by Henry Nicholas Ridley. Subsequently, Tan started a 22 acre rubber estate at Bukit Lintang. He then ventured his rubber plantation business into Sri Lanka. According to his family, Tan's rubber plantation still belonged to the family.

As a philanthropist, Tan also gave $15,000 towards the setting up of a medical college in Singapore. The donation went towards the construction of the Tan Teck Guan Building, which Tan named in memory of his late father. Tan also served as a Municipal Councillor and a Trustee of the Cheng Hoon Teng Temple.

There is a variety of orchid named Vanda Tan Chay Yan, according to one of the Peranakan Cina Melaka's annual dinner souvenir books, but there is no record of who named it such. The Vanda Tan Chay Yan was named by his son Robert Tan Hoon Siang who personally developed the hybrid. A road in Melaka was also named after him in view of his contributions to the country's revenue.

Tan died of malaria at the age of 46. A relative believed he could have caught it as he often spent the long hours spent at the rubber plantations. Tan left behind his wife, Chua Wan Neo, a tenth generation Nyonya, six daughters and a son.

For memorizing his contributions, there is a road called Chay Yan Street as named after him in Tiong Bahru, Singapore.

title: Tan Chay Yan


text:
Charles E. Vreeland

Charles Edward Vreeland (March 10, 1852 – September 27, 1916) was an officer of the United States Navy who reached the rank of rear admiral.

Early life
Born in Newark, New Jersey, Vreeland enlisted in the Navy as a naval apprentice early in 1866. After a brief service in the USS Sabine (1855) he was given a presidential appointment soon afterwards to enter the United States Naval Academy on July 27, 1866, graduating from that institution on June 7, 1870, as a passed midshipman. He received his commission as an ensign in November 1873 after a series of cruises aboard screw sloops.

Naval career
Vreeland was further promoted to master and then lieutenant after successive tours of duty on board the screw steamer USS Alert (AS-4), the gunboat USS Ashuelot (1865) and the sloop-of-war USS Ticonderoga (1863). He then was assigned to the Nautical Almanac Office of the United States Naval Observatory in November 1881 after a brief period ashore awaiting orders. In March 1884, hebegan a three-year tour at sea aboard the sloop-of-war USS Hartford (1858), after which he was assigned for two years at the U.S. Navy Bureau of Navigation. He then was assigned briefly (from July to September 1889) to the Office of Naval Intelligence and reported to the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey late in October 1889, a posting he took until the spring of 1893. He then was assigned a series of tours as naval attaché, first to the Kingdom of Italy in Rome, then to Austria-Hungary in Vienna, and finally to the German Empire in Berlin.

After returning to the United States late in 1896, Vreeland was posted to the battleship USS Massachusetts (BB-2) in mid-January 1897, and served aboard her until he was transferred to the gunboat USS Helena (PG-9) at the end of June 1897. He was named executive officer of the dispatch vessel USS Dolphin (PG-24) in April 1898, but the Spanish-American War broke out that month, and he remained aboard Helena. Aboard Helena, he served on wartime blockade duty off the port of Manzanillo, Cuba, remaining on that duty until the end of July 1898. He finally assumed duty as Dolphin′s executive officer on August 24, 1898.

Vreeland was detached from Dolphin to serve aboard the protected cruiser USS Olympia (C-6) on November 6, 1898, but was ordered to the gunboat USS Concord (PG-3) instead on December 30, 1898, due to a change in orders. Vreeland was promoted to lieutenant commander, and served aboard various vessels in the Asiatic Squadron. He returned to the United States aboard the hospital ship USS Solace (AH-2) in March 1900. From April 1900 to sometime before August 1902 he was a member of the Board of Inspection and Survey, during which time he was promoted to full commander in mid-August 1901. After his duty on the Board, he supervised the fitting-out of the new monitor USS Arkansas (BM-7) and assumed command upon her commissioning on October 28, 1902.

Two years later, Vreeland relinquished command of the monitor (by then renamed USS Ozark)> He served ashore in a series of special assignments for the United States Department of the Navy for the next few years, during which he received a promotion to captain on April 13, 1906. After finishing his assignments ashore on April 17, 1907, with the end of a tour in Washington, D.C., he went to the New York Shipbuilding Corporation in Camden, New Jersey, the next day to commission the new Connecticut-class battleship USS Kansas (BB-21). He commanded the battleship for the next two years, which was an auspicious time, for Kansas was picked to be part of the "Great White Fleet" that sailed around the world between December 1907 and February 1909. Soon after the fleet returned to Hampton Roads on February 22, 1909, he gave up his command of Kansas and returned home to await orders. On May 10, 1909, he succeeded Captain Raymond P. Rodgers as Chief Intelligence Officer, the head of the Office of Naval Intelligence, until December 8, 1909, when he in turn was succeeded by Captain Templin M. Potts.

As his promotion to rear admiral was imminent, Vreeland broke his flag aboard the battleship USS Virginia (BB-13) as Commander, 4th Division, United States Atlantic Fleet. On December 27, 1909, he was promoted to rear admiral.

On April 19, 1911, Vreeland reported ashore for further duty in Washington, D.C. In the newly devised aide system for managing the U.S. Navy, he became one of the four principal advisors of the United States Secretary of the Navy, George von Lengerke Meyer. As Aide for Inspections, he reached the pinnacle of naval command. During his tenure, he represented the Navy at the coronation of King George V of the United Kingdom, as well as heading the so-called "Vreeland Board" which reinvestigated the sinking of the armored cruiser (often called "battleship") USS Maine (ACR-1) in an explosion in the harbor at Havana, Cuba, in February 1898, the controversial report of which—now widely regarded as erroneous—concluded that an external explosion sank Maine.

On December 12, 1911, Vreeland tour of duty as Aide for Inspections ended and he succeeded Rear Admiral Richard Wainwright as the second Aide for Operations. While in that position, Vreeland struggled to improve the defenses in the Philippine Islands, agitated for increased naval construction, particularly of battlecruisers, and supported the development of U.S. naval aviation. It was also during his tenure that naval aviation found a permanent home in Pensacola, Florida. On February 11, 1913, he was succeeded by Bradley A. Fiske as Aide for Operations, and Vreeland finished his naval career as a member of both the General Board of the United States Navy and the Joint Army and Navy Board. He retired on March 10, 1914.

Vreeland died in Atlantic City, New Jersey, after a brief retirement marked by illness.

Namesake
The Knox-class frigate USS Vreeland (FF-1068) was named after Vreeland.

title: Charles E. Vreeland


text:
User talk:Tubeng50

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Rogerd 03:10, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Tubeng50


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/313v3

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 14:44, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

313v3
Forumcruft, no content beyond saying that it's a "spin-off messageboard from the UK regional board on GameFAQs." Delete. --Aquillion 03:10, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. Quale 07:24, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge into GameFAQs if at all significant. Otherwise delete. How many of these spin-offs are there? - Mgm|(talk) 08:55, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom --Qirex 09:14, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. utcursch | talk 11:25, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom. Doesn't establish notability. Forumcruft are some of the easiest articles to create. Let's at least establish they're notable. Bobo192 17:40, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom.--Kross 06:15, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Masterhatch 10:47, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/313v3


text: User talk:67.103.176.154

title: User talk:67.103.176.154


text:
User talk:Sanocki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Rogerd 03:11, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Sanocki


text: User talk:128.239.214.161

title: User talk:128.239.214.161


text: Category:1987 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1987 Atlantic hurricane season


text:
Battle of Peebles' Farm

The Battle of Peebles' Farm (or Poplar Springs Church or Poplar Grove Church) was the western part of a simultaneous Union offensive against the Confederate works guarding Petersburg and Richmond, Virginia, during the Siege of Petersburg in the American Civil War.

Background
In September 1864, Union Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant planned simultaneous attacks against both flanks of Gen. Robert E. Lee's Confederate army. The eastern attack would be carried out by the Army of the James under Maj. Gen. Benjamin Butler against the Confederate works at Chaffin's Farm. The western attack was to be carried out by the Union V Corps under Maj. Gen. Gouverneur K. Warren and a cavalry division under Brig. Gen. David McM. Gregg with units from the IX Corps and II Corps in support.

Battle
Grant had two intentions for Warren. First was to attack the opposite end of Lee's line to relieve pressure on Fort Harrison, which Butler's forces had captured and were holding against counterattacks. The second was to take advantage of the units Lee had removed from his right to retake Fort Harrison. Warren's attack was aimed at the fortifications guarding the Boydton Plank Road, which was being used to carry supplies into Petersburg from the Confederate railhead at Stony Creek to the south. This line was being extended to reach the vicinity of the Union flank at Globe Tavern. While the lines were being constructed a temporary line was held along the Squirrel Level Road. On September 30, the same day Lee was attempting to retake Fort Harrison, Warren and Gregg began marching along the Poplar Springs Road toward the Squirrel Level line in the area of Peebles' Farm and Poplar Springs Church.

Lee had indeed pulled forces from this flank for the counterattack on Fort Harrison (including the Light Division under Maj. Gen. Cadmus M. Wilcox) so Warren was marching against Lt. Gen. A.P. Hill's reduced corps. Around 1 p.m. Brig. Gen. Charles Griffin led the attack against the Confederates near the Poplar Springs Church. Griffin quickly captured Fort Archer on the extreme Confederate flank and the Squirrel Level line broke and fled so quickly that prisoners captured were minimal. Warren halted the attack to fortify the new position and not advance too far in front of the IX Corps. The Union attack forced Lee to recall the Light Division from its march towards Fort Harrison (other than Scales' Brigade, which proceeded to Fort Harrison was temporarily attached to General Hoke's force). The IX Corps under Maj. Gen. John G. Parke moved up on Warren's left but did not make an effective link with the V Corps flank. Maj. Gen. Henry Heth was preparing to mount a counterattack, which came about 4:30 and routed the IX Corps and forced one of its brigades to surrender. Warren, who had originally feared a counterattack, now helped rally the broken IX Corps units and check Heth's attack and the fighting died down. Heth tried another flank attack the following day, which was repulsed at the Battle of Vaughan Road, as was a cavalry attack under Maj. Gen. Wade Hampton. On October 2 the Union position was reinforced by Brig. Gen. Gershom Mott's division from the II Corps. Mott spearheaded a Union attack that day, which was aimed for the Boydton Plank Road. The attack easily overran Fort McRae but was checked before it reached the Boydton Plank Road.

Aftermath
The Confederate defenders lost works on both sides of their lines. The Union army extended the siege lines past the Peebles' Farm area, bringing them all the closer to their ultimate goal of the Boydton Plank Road. The Union army was firmly entrenched in the area and later that month the II Corps would make an attempt to cut the Boydton Plank Road.

Battlefield preservation
The American Battlefield Trust and its partners have acquired and preserved 90 acres of the battlefield through November 2021. The acreage is located within Pamplin Historical Park outside Petersburg, Va.

title: Battle of Peebles' Farm


text:
User talk:Alfer85

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title: User talk:Alfer85


text:
User talk:WisdomSource

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! We welcome and appreciate your contributions, such as WisdomSource, but we regretfully cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from either web sites or printed material. This article appears to be a direct copy from http://www.wisdomsource.com. As a copyright violation, WisdomSource appears to qualify for speedy deletion under the speedy deletion criteria. WisdomSource has been tagged for deletion, and may have been deleted by the time you see this message. If the source is a credible one, please consider rewriting the content and citing the source. If you believe that the article is not a copyright violation, or if you have permission from the copyright holder to release the content freely under the GFDL, you can comment to that effect on Talk:WisdomSource. If the article has already been deleted, but you have a proper release, you can reenter the content at WisdomSource, after describing the release on the talk page. However, you may want to consider rewriting the content in your own words. Thank you, and please feel free to continue contributing to Wikipedia. Tito xd (?!?) 03:12, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Same here...in any event, we cannot accept copyright violations, or advertisements. Ral 315   WS  04:01, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:WisdomSource


text: Category:1986 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1986 Atlantic hurricane season


text:
User talk:Winokungfu

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Rogerd 03:12, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Winokungfu


text:
Thomas Hammarberg

Thomas Hammarberg (born 2 January 1942) is a Swedish diplomat and human rights defender.

He held the post of Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights in Strasbourg from 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2012. He succeeded the first Commissioner, Álvaro Gil-Robles.

Career
Hammarberg was born in Örnsköldsvik. Prior to his appointment, he spent several decades working on the advancement of human rights in Europe and worldwide. He had been Secretary General of the Stockholm-based Olof Palme International Center (2002–05), Ambassador of the Swedish Government on Humanitarian Affairs (1994–2002), the Secretary General of the NGO "Save the Children Sweden" (1986–92), and Secretary General of Amnesty International (1980–86). He received on behalf of Amnesty International the Nobel Peace Prize in 1977.

Between 2001–03, Hammarberg acted as Regional Adviser for Europe, Central Asia and the Caucasus for the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights. For several years, he was the Swedish Prime Minister's Personal Representative for the UN Special Session on Children, as well as the Convener of the Aspen Institute Roundtables on "Human Rights in Peace Missions". Between 1996 and 2000, he was the appointed representative of the UN Secretary General, Kofi Annan, for human rights in Cambodia. He also participated in the work of the Refugee Working Group of the multilateral Middle East Peace Process.

As Commissioner, Hammarberg regularly conducted visits to promote the respect of human rights in all Council of Europe member states, in accordance with his mandate.

Upon stepping down as Commissioner, he joined the NGO Mental Disability Advocacy Center as its Honorary President.

Member of the Swedish Parliament, 2018–present
Since the 2018 Swedish general election, Hammerberg has been a member of the Swedish Riksdag. In addition to his role in parliament, he has been serving as member of the Swedish delegation to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe since 2019. As member of the Social Democratic Party, he is part of the Socialists, Democrats and Greens Group. He is currently a member of the Committee on the Honouring of Obligations and Commitments by Member States of the Council of Europe (Monitoring Committee) and the Sub-Committee on the Middle East and the Arab World. Alongside Nigel Evans of the United Kingdom, he serves as the Assembly's co-rapporteur on Turkey.

Roma rights
Thomas Hammarberg is dedicated to strengthening Sinto and Roma rights in Europe, which he believes are “shamefully flawed”. In a number of speeches and statements, Hammarberg actively seeks to improve living conditions for the largest minority in Europe and criticises the alarming levels of racism directed at these people. Hammarberg paints a clear picture of the situation; for example, in his latest report on Italy he heavily criticises the Italian authorities over their treatment of Sinti and Roma people.

In 2010, Hammarberg published a comprehensive position paper on the human rights situation of Sinti and Roma, in which he stressed the need for a unified and comprehensive programme aimed at improving the situation, warning that “today's rhetoric against the Roma is alarmingly similar to that used by the Nazis before the mass killings started”.

On 27 February 2012, he published a comprehensive report on the situation of Roma and travellers in Europe, stressing that in many European countries they are still denied basic human rights and suffer blatant racism.

In a published letter to the German Chancellor Angela Merkel dating back to 2009, Hammarberg calls for a halt on deportations to Kosovo in particular, saying that those deported there are exposed to political persecution and are forced to live in camps. He repeated this “urgent recommendation” one year later in a letter to the then German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Mazière. A special committee organised by Hammarberg described a Roma camp in Kosovo as “a humanitarian catastrophe”. The Human Rights Commissioner also heavily criticised France’s mass deportation of Roma in 2010.

For his resilience and passion in the question of Roma rights, Thomas Hammarberg has been honoured by the Documentation and Cultural Centre and the Central Council of German Sinti and Roma and the Manfred Lautenschlaeger Foundation with the European Civil Rights Prize of the Sinti and Roma in Berlin on 3 April 2012.

Publications
Hammarberg has published widely on various human rights issues, and particularly on the rights of the child, refugee policy, minority issues, xenophobia, islamophobia, Roma rights, LGBT rights in Europe as well as international affairs and security. He is also well known for his presentations and lectures on human rights at various intergovernmental and academic institutions. As Commissioner he has published a series of "Viewpoint" articles on human rights issues in Europe on the institution's website. He regularly publishes comments focusing on main human rights issues.

During his mandate as Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights, Hammarberg has visited and published reports about almost all of the Council of Europe 47 member states.

Recognition
On March 9 2012, Hammarberg received the Amnesty International Chair as a reward for his impressive track record in human rights. The Amnesty Chair is organised by Amnesty International Flanders and the University of Ghent, Belgium.

title: Thomas Hammarberg


text: File:Kid Cuisine Logo.jpg

title: File:Kid Cuisine Logo.jpg


text: Category:1985 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1985 Atlantic hurricane season


text: Category:1984 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1984 Atlantic hurricane season


text:
User talk:Buitre

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Buitre


text:
Talk:Timeline of cryptography

Untitled
I copied this page from Wikibooks Cryptography. It needs work but I think it is more likely to get attention in wikipedia and I think it has a legit place there. I did not edit the content for the first posting so we would have a history trail. I plan to remove some purely computing items (e.g. Deep Blue). Here are some items that I think should be added:

 * William Friedman (various dates)
 * RSA challenge factored
 * Netscape random number flaw
 * Universal v. Remerdez
 * NSA DSA
 * WEP crack
 * KL-7 intro/retirement
 * STU-III intro

I'll be adding items to the article as I get dates, but help and additions are, of course, welcome --agr 03:13, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've deleted items that have been added --agr 01:57, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Date
"IDEA algorithm is still under patent" Better if we can say "IDEA algorithm is under patent until XXX". Rich  Farmbrough 15:01, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think we actually need this sentence. The freeness of IDEA used to be more important, as it was the primary cipher used in early versions of PGP, but there are now plenty of alternatives used in OpenPGP. — Matt Crypto 15:16, 27 November 2005 (UTC)

Period names
The sectioning into periods would be more meaningful if every period would receive a name or description. Piet 16:32, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

Shit
This article is shit. It is not about scientific discoveries and new cryptoprimitives or protocols, it is about unimportant events now. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.72.200.203 (talk • contribs)

The Wikipedia community encourages you to be bold in updating pages. Don't worry too much about making honest mistakes—they're likely to be found and corrected quickly. If you're not sure how editing works, check out how to edit a page, or use the sandbox to try out your editing skills. New contributors are always welcome. You don't even need to log in (although there are many reasons why you might want to). -- intgr [talk] 00:17, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Information.svg Thank you for your suggestion. When you believe an article needs improvement, please feel free to make those changes. Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone can edit almost any article by simply following the edit this page link at the top.
 * A little bit of context matters. If the reason for inclusion within the timeline is not clear it most likely suffers from brevity.  We just have to add a sentence or two to provide more context so the reader can see the connection.  If that is not possible then the IP above might be correct in their description of unimportant events. - Shiftchange (talk) 22:51, 14 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Timeline of cryptography


text: Category:1983 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1983 Atlantic hurricane season


text: Category:1982 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1982 Atlantic hurricane season


text: Category:1981 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1981 Atlantic hurricane season


text: Category:1980 Atlantic hurricane season

title: Category:1980 Atlantic hurricane season


text: User talk:203.102.242.189

title: User talk:203.102.242.189


text:
User talk:Foodis2good

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Rogerd 03:15, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Foodis2good


text:
User:Malo/Bagley class destroyer page template

USS NAME (DD-NUMBER), a Bagley-class destroyer, was the NNth ship of the United States Navy to be named for NAME, WhoHeWas.

DANFSTextHere


text: User talk:72.11.81.88

title: User talk:72.11.81.88


title: User:AnimalFarm1


text:
William of Saliceto

William of Salicet (1210–1277) (Italian: Guglielmo da Saliceto; French: Guillaume de Salicet; Latin: Guilielmus de Salicetum) was an Italian surgeon and cleric in Saliceto.

He broke tradition with Galen by claiming that pus formation was bad for wounds and for the patient. He was a professor at the University of Bologna. In 1275 he wrote Chirurgia which promoted the use of a surgical knife over cauterizing. He also was the author of Summa conservationis et curationis on hygiene and therapy. Lanfranc of Milan was a pupil who brought William's methods into France. William gave lectures on the importance of regular bathing for infants, and special care for the hygiene of pregnant women.

title: William of Saliceto


text: Template:History of Bulgaria

title: Template:History of Bulgaria


text:
Turby wind turbine

The Turby is a brand of vertical-axis Darrieus wind turbine. The three vertical aerofoil blades have a helical twist of 60 degrees, similar to Gorlov's water turbines.

The turbine consists of three vertical symmetrical airfoil blades, each having a helical twist. The helical feature spreads the torque evenly over the entire revolution, thus preventing the destructive pulsations of the straight-bladed giromill (Darrieus turbine). The wind pushes each blade around on both the windward and leeward sides of the turbine. As with a Darrieus turbine, theoretically, there is no torque on a stationary turbine, due to symmetry of the turbine and of the blades. Starting is achieved by operating the generator as a motor. Torque is caused by a change in the apparent wind direction relative to the moving blades.

Another advantage of the helical twist is that the blades generate torque well from upward-slanting airflow. This is negligible in open country, but tall buildings and cliff faces generate a bow wave which directs airflow up and over them. Turbines mounted on high building rooftops or clifftops are exposed to significantly slanting flow, and the Turby can extract more useful energy from it than a propeller-type turbine can because horizontal axis (HAWT)  types cannot change their pitch to face the wind directly.

The turbine measures 2.0 m (6'7") in diameter by 2.9 m (9'6") high (including generator), and weighs 136 kg (300 lb). It is specified to generate power in winds of between 4 m/s (9 mph, 7.8kts) and 14 m/s (31 mph, 27.2kts), and can survive winds of 55 m/s (123 mph, 107kts). The rated power at 14 m/s is 2.5 kW (3.35 hp). The AC output from the synchronous generator is rectified to DC, then inverted to AC at 230 V 50 Hz.

Core International developed the turbine in the Netherlands with research input from the Delft University of Technology.

title: Turby wind turbine


text:
KBCO

KBCO (97.3 FM) is a radio station in Boulder, Colorado. It serves Boulder, the Denver metropolitan area, and Northern Colorado. Owned by iHeartMedia, it broadcasts an adult album alternative (AAA) format.

Its studios are located alongside its sister stations in southeast Denver, while its transmitter is located southwest of Eldorado Springs.

History
In 1955, the station first signed on as KRNW. It was owned by Robert Wilkenson and broadcast with an effective radiated power of 2,000 watts, a fraction of its current output. The studios were located at 1305 Spruce Street in downtown Boulder.

The current format on the station was derived in part from another Boulder station, KADE 1190 AM (now KVCU). KADE was a solar-powered daytimer station, which signed on and off the air in conjunction with the rising and setting of the sun. KADE was purchased in 1975 by Bob Greenlee. Two years later, Greenlee also purchased KRNW, which then became KBCO-FM. The original studio was located in an office complex at 1900 Folsom Street in Boulder. The station's original transmitter was located on a tower atop Lee Hill. Bob Greenlee worked with consulting engineers and petitioned the Federal Communications Commission to boost KBCO's power.

The original format was co-designed by Dennis Constantine and Randy Morrison (formerly of KBPI Denver and WLS-FM/WDAI Chicago; he had also designed the format for KADE). At launch, the airstaff included Dennis Constantine, the station's original program director, in the mornings; Bob Lynch overnight, Music Director Judy McNutt and production director Richard Ray. Jon Steele hosted 6-10 in the evenings.

The freedom allowed to the DJs in the early days sparked a high level of creativity. The station produced an award-winning series of yearly broadcasts, collectively known as "Intervention Day: Planet Earth's Premier Holiday." Intervention Day broadcasts were set in the future and celebrated the day the Inter-Galactic Community intervened to prevent Earth's leaders from destroying the planet. Celebrations were marked by music from the time prior intervention day. The broadcasts won the 1987 International Radio Festival of New York "Grand Award for Best Entertainment Program of the Year". Worldwide competition included ABC, National Public Radio, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and the BBC.

In 1982, KBCO was the first station in Colorado to play music from CDs. In a partnership with local audio retailer Listen Up, CDs and playback equipment were shipped in from Japan.

Greenlee moved KADE and KBCO to a state-of-the-art studio complex at 4801 Riverbend Road in East Boulder and then sold the stations to Noble Broadcasting in 1987. During this time of KBCO's history, deejays selected the songs to play on their own shows from a broad music library.

In 1988, KBCO Studio C was created by Production Director Tom Koetting with a performance by Melissa Etheridge in a small cramped production studio. The studio was later upgraded, and many artists in Colorado for a concert tour or promotion tour would stop by to play live on the radio. The station releases a CD every year in late November with the best or most memorable Studio C performances. The CDs, titled KBCO Studio C followed by the volume number, sell out quickly and all proceeds from the album are donated to the Boulder County AIDS Project and Food Bank of the Rockies. Two retrospective CDs have been released combining the best of the previous CDs and several unreleased songs.

KBCO has occasionally been rated #1 in the Denver-Boulder Arbitron ratings with overall listeners 12+, the first time in 1988. KBCO is often rated #1 with its target audience 25 to 54-year-olds. In 1996, the station was sold to Jacor Communications (a forerunner of current owner iHeartMedia). The sale resulted in a tightening of the format. KBCO DJs no longer have control over what they play except during special features. The playlist is chosen by the station's programming staff.

In 2010, KBCO moved from its home at Pearl and Folsom in Boulder to the Clear Channel studios - now iHeartRadio - on S. Monaco in the Denver Tech Center shared with stations KOA, KBPI, KRFX, KPTT and KTCL.

KBCO carries the noncommercial show Etown every Sunday. The show, hosted by Nick and Helen Forster, originates from Boulder and features live performances and an emphasis on environmental issues.

Current DJs include Bret Saunders, Keefer and Robbyn Hart. Mid-day host and music director Ginger, a 34-year KBCO veteran retired at the end of 2022, but may occasionally make a guest appearance.

HD radio
In 2005, KBCO received an experimental permit from the FCC and became the first FM radio station in the state of Colorado to implement "Multicasting." It airs two subchannels using the Ibquity Digital HD system. The station debuted an HD2 sub-channel playing only songs recorded in KBCO's "Studio C." The Studio C Channel is also available on KBCO's web site, along with the New Music Channel, an Internet channel playing all new releases.

KBCO's HD3 subchannel carried the news/talk programming of co-owned AM 850 KOA, with two translator stations fed by it: 94.1 K231AA in Boulder and 94.1 K231BQ in Golden.

On June 26, 2019, KBCO-HD3 flipped to iHeart's "Pride Radio" format of Top 40/Dance music targeting the LGBTQ community. This marks the second such format to air in Denver, the other being Entercom's "Channel Q" network airing on KALC-HD2.

title: KBCO


text:
Bass River (Victoria)

The Bass River, a perennial river of the Western Port catchment, is located in the West Gippsland region of the Australian state of Victoria.

Location and features
The Bass River rises below the locale of Woodleigh, west of the South Gippsland Highway, with its headwaters drawn from the Strzelecki Ranges, north of the town of. The river flows generally south by west, joined by one minor tributary, before reaching its river mouth and emptying into the Western Port, west of the town of within the Bass Coast Shire. The river descends 60 m over its combined 59 km course.

The river is traversed by the Bass Highway near the town of Bass.

Etymology
In the Aboriginal Boonwurrung language the river is given two names, Weandon yallock, with yallock meaning "river" or creek", and Tullungurn, with no defined meeting.

The river is now named in honour of George Bass, who came to the river and surrounding area in January 1798 on his "whaleboat" expedition of the southeast coast of Australia.

title: Bass River (Victoria)


text:
Talk:Muraqabah

Rewrite
Needs a total rewrite.

Seriously, this looks like it was probably copied and pasted from an FAQ out of the website of some Muraqaba practitioner. Having sections telling people why they ought to engage in some mystic practice, stating as fact that "Angles" predate Adam, is about as non-encyclopedic as you can get. teucer 03:19, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Done . F.a.y. تبادله خيال /c 21:02, 4 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Bravo on the rewrite. In the future, its easier on admins if you rewrite the article on the /Temp subpage linked to in the copyright notice.  This makes it simpler for us to remove the copyright violation versions from the history (which I have just done).  --best, kevin  · · · Kzollman | Talk · · · 17:22, 5 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Thank you. This is much better. teucer 07:05, 14 November 2005 (UTC)

View Question
It needs to be stated that this is the view of only one particular sufi order. There are over 400 sufi orders, each with a different view on what muraqaba/meditation is. Is this the Nagbandi view?

External link high jacked
The external link to Sufi meditation is being high jacked by sufihub the real link is for www.sufimeditationcenter.com — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.68.36.132 (talk) 11:11, 2 February 2013 (UTC)

munaquba
Alfa Ibrahim KEWUYEMI 102.89.46.135 (talk) 16:26, 2 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Muraqabah


text:
Wikipedia:Last Resort Solution

When you have an article that is overloaded with pastel-shade colored boxes to the point it's unbearable, what should you do?

Delete the text!
That's right! You should start fresh, and wipe out every bit of the article except for a bare definition of the article. More preferably, if you can re-write the article from scratch, do that. An almost-entire wipeout should only necessitate in the situation that it simply is not your interest to re-write the article.

Phase 1: Deletion
When you see an article tagged with enough "maintenance boxes" to take up the first fold of an article, you blank the entire article except for the definition. You can remove the warning templates, however you still need to settle with the appropriate stub template.

In the edit summary, you really ought to note that you've blanked most of the article in accordance to the Last Resort Solution. Otherwise, and even if you do this, you may feel the wrath of editors who object to the blanking. For what to do, see Phase 2.

Phase 2: Reporting
Immediately after you proceed with the page blanking, be sure to explain yourself. Claim that the number of boxes made wipeout inevitable, and be sure to cite WP:BOLD and this page. Even if you do a quality job of explaining your actions, certain Wikipedians might accuse you of vandalism and maybe even revert your blanking. If they revert your blanking, do not revert them. This may culminate in an edit war, and may result in a blocking. When applying this policy, be very careful, as this is controversial and exclusively experimental.

Phase 3: Rewrite
Now, it is time for the community to write the article again. Do not use the old content! Instead, do new research, treating the article as if it were brand new. The goal through this is to start anew, when rewriting parts at a time just won't cut it. While re-writing the article, observe the edit history meticulously. If you're noticing plenty of vandalism, particularly from anonymous users, it'd be wise to request semi-protection. If you notice any edits that might end up in the article being labelled with maintenance boxes all over again, work with the users so that they may edit in accordance to our policies and guidelines. After you've noticed plenty of improvement in the article, be sure to request a peer review, and improve the article from there.

If you really insist on not being involved with the re-writing, that's okay. Please do your best to find a person in your place to work on the article.

Jack Thompson (attorney)
Due to Mr. Thompson's opinion towards certain games, he has earned a lack of respect among certain people. As a result, biased information (and even libel) has managed to enter the article, resulting in the POV tag. In the future, he complains to the Wikipedia Help Desk and even the Wikimedia Office to have his article taken off. Eventually, the Wikimedia Office replaced the article with a picture of Jack Thompson and a short definition of him. Shortly after un-protecting the article, it managed to receive positive development, and may end up becoming a quality article.

This is an example of the Last Resort Solution in effect; a POV article receives positive editing after a near-total blanking. As a result, the article is also an example of how this policy can work well.

Pros

 * Simple: What could be simpler than highlighting most of the article then hitting the Delete key?
 * Quick: Rather than waiting until all the problems are solved, one maintenance box at a time, you can simply eliminate them all at once.

Cons

 * Doesn't guarantee positive results: What if the article is rewritten with a POV?
 * Could be considered vandalism
 * May encourage edit wars
 * May end up being a stub - not necessarily a con if you don't mind short articles without POV.
 * Wiping out the article depends on one person's opinion, and it may differ from person to person

Conclusion
In conclusion, be sure to edit this policy as you see fit, and discuss it on the talk page.

title: Wikipedia:Last Resort Solution


text: User talk:68.46.205.101

title: User talk:68.46.205.101