text:
Uriel's Machine

Uriel's Machine: The Prehistoric Technology That Survived the Flood is a bestselling book published in 1999 by Christopher Knight and Robert Lomas. The book's name is derived from a character of the same name in the Book of Enoch. In Knight and Lomas's interpretation of the Book of Enoch, Uriel warns Enoch about the impending flood, giving him instructions for building a form of solar observatory for the purpose of preserving advanced knowledge into a time of global disaster by teaching him the movement of the Sun against the horizon over a period of time, which Enoch then records in detail in the Book of the Courses of the Heavenly Luminaries.

Summary
In Masonic mythology there are many references to seven, which the authors speculate could refer to seven cometary fragments. These seven cometary fragments are described in the book as hitting the earth in prehistory causing tsunamis. The authors link this speculation to the work of geologists Edith and Alexander Tollmann. Their work proposes a series of meteors hitting the earth over the last 10,000 years, especially circa 7640 BC. Their evidence and counter-evidence is discussed in the article Tollmann's hypothetical bolide.

The book proposes that what the authors believe to have been stellar observatories (such as the first wooden Stonehenge) in Britain, and structures in the Boyne Valley in Ireland, show sufficient knowledge to be able to predict prescribed solar, lunar and venusian events and cycles, such as solstices and equinoxes. If rituals at Stonehenge involved stargazing, there is then the opportunity for an anomalous object to be spotted far more quickly if the cycles of observed celestial objects are known.

The authors quote textual evidence from the book of Enoch, noting other coincidences made between Enoch and astronomy; for example, it is said he lived 365 years, which could be a reference to a year (365.25 days). The authors suggest that chambers (souterrains) found in Britain might have been attempts to build shelters to be sealed against tsunamis that would have been caused by a cometary impact in the sea. However, the souterrains have been dated to the late Iron Age, thousands of years after the supposed impact event.

Archaeologists and astronomers have been extremely sceptical about this idea. Prof Archie Roy (an astronomer and psychic researcher) and Robert Lomas gave a joint talk about technological possibilities in Megalithic society at the 2000 Orkney International Science.

Critical response
Tim Schadla-Hall, archaeologist and editor of the journal Public Archaeology, has cited the book as an example of pseudoscience, in which the authors "quote established academics in such a way as to make it seem as though they support their arguments". The geology in the book is based on Tollmann's hypothetical bolide which has been rejected by specialists in meteorite and comet impacts.

Stephen Tonkin, author and astronomer, said: "I believe that the astronomical basis of this book is sufficiently flawed as to render any conclusions that the authors draw from it to be highly suspect."

Mike Pitts, archaeologist and journalist, says that the book contains "what we might politely call a radically alternative approach to Grooved Ware pottery" and notes that the book's bibliography contains "such items as Myths and Legends of Australia, Robert the Bruce and The Pleistocene Elephants of Siberia, but not a single primary archaeological source for England (where, it has to be said, a great deal of Grooved Ware has been found)."

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Uriel's Machine


text:
Philip W. McKinney

Philip Watkins McKinney (March 17, 1832 – March 1, 1899) was an American lawyer, soldier and politician. McKinney served in the Virginia House of Delegates, was the Commonwealth attorney for Prince Edward County, and was elected as the 41st Governor of Virginia, serving from 1890 to 1894.

Early life
Born in New Store, in Buckingham County, Virginia, Philip McKinney was the son of Charles and Martha McKinney. His undergraduate education was at Hampden–Sydney College, where he graduated with honors in 1851. McKinney then studied law at Washington College under John White Brockenbrough. After graduating, he started the practice of law and was married twice, first to Ann Fleming Christian and then to Annie Clay, with each marriage producing one child.

War and politics
In 1858, McKinney was elected to the Virginia House of Delegates, representing Buckingham County. However, at the outbreak of the Civil War, he joined the Confederate army as an officer in Company K of the 4th Virginia Cavalry. He sustained a serious injury in 1863 at the Battle of Brandy Station, thus ending his fighting career.

After the war, McKinney started a law practice in Farmville, but soon returned to politics. He served multiple terms as the Commonwealth Attorney for Prince Edward County throughout the next twenty years. However, he also lost a number of electoral campaigns during that time, including for U.S. Congress, Virginia Attorney General and Governor.

McKinney ran for Governor for the second time in 1889, this time soundly beating Republican William Mahone, with McKinney winning 57.19% of the vote. The central theme of McKinney's gubernatorial campaign was white supremacy and the danger of African-American advancement. Once elected, his primary focus as Governor was on developing the state economy and increasing the power of the Virginia Democratic party.

After leaving office, McKinney retired to private life, settling with his wife in Farmville, Virginia. He died there in 1899 and was interred at Farmville Cemetery. His Queen-Anne-style house still stands in Farmville.

title: Philip W. McKinney


text:
Hamish Glencross

Hamish Glencross is a Scottish guitarist best known for his work with the English metal band My Dying Bride. He also co-founded the short-lived Blackdoom Records with the band's other guitarist, Andrew Craighan.

Glencross had a brief acting career before concentrating on music, most notably in the UK children's drama Children's Ward.

Prior to joining My Dying Bride, Glencross played guitar for Bradford alternative rock band Driftwood, UK progressive metal band Seer's Tear, and Leeds-based punk/metal band Apocalypso. He was a member of UK doom metal band Solstice playing on their album New Dark Age. In 1999 he replaced My Dying Bride guitarist Calvin Robertshaw prior to the band touring for the album The Light at the End of the World. As of 2011, he also plays lead guitar in the UK death metal band Vallenfyre, appearing on the albums A Fragile King, Splinters and Fear Those Who Fear Him all released on Century Media Records.

On 6 June 2014, My Dying Bride announced via their web site that Glencross had left the band due to "irreconcilable differences," and that former guitarist Calvin Robertshaw would be returning.

Glencross is currently vocalist and guitarist in epic doom band Godthrymm which also features members and ex-members of My Dying Bride, Anathema, and Solstice.

Glencross currently endorses Jackson guitars, and has been playing them exclusively since 2006. He favours the Jackson Randy Rhoads model, playing a number of variations of that model both live and in the studio.

Equipment

 * Jackson Guitars
 * Line 6 Processors
 * Blackstar Amplification amplifiers and speaker cabinets

title: Hamish Glencross


text:
User talk:Moonpie

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you were just trying to experiment, then use the sandbox instead. Thank you. --fvw *  15:57, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Moonpie


text:
Olost

Olost is a municipality in the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It has less than 1,200 people, situated on a plain 669 meters above sea level at 20 km from Vic in the center of the ancient shire or comarca of Lluçanès, before in the comarca of Osona. In the center of the village stands the church of Santa Maria d'Olost of monumental size, with a large façade and two bell towers. Its construction started in the 10th century and ended in the 18th century. Near Olost are the two small settlements of Santa Creu de Jutglars (built in 984) and the Vila with Sant Gil de la Vila (built in 1038) and the unusual Castell d'Olost, built in 1155 with added elements of the 14th and 15th centuries, that lies in a depression next to a stream in the district of Orista. Even though it was a fortified farm, it has the structure of a castle; it is nearly hidden from view for protection in the Middle Ages.

Near the village, on the summit of a small hill stands the hermitage of Sant Adjutori (1714)

In the Middle Ages, the village of Olost was on one of the roads taken by troubadours and "jutglars" to cross the Pyrenees. It can be the origin of the name of the settlement of Santa Creu de Jutglars (jugglers or troubadours). Some historians have emphasised that the incidence of the letters OSS, SOS, OS in the names of villages of southern France and Catalunya stands for villages whose names were of Cathar origin and were founded or deeply influenced by Catharism in the 11th–13th centuries.

The village feast in honor of its patron saint is on August 15. The village has a public school and two factories. The nearest train station is in Vic and from there a minibus provides transportation service. The main products in the village are agricultural:corn, potatoes, sunflower seeds and wheat. Nearby farms raise cows, pigs and poultry.

Near Olost at 6 km, is the artificial lake and dam of Reixach or of Santa Creu de Joglars over the river Gavarresa. To reach it one must take the road from Olost to Prats de Lluçanès and take the private road to Reixach a few km from Olost. The lake is good for some fishing of small and medium carp (Cyprinus carpio) and some northern pike (Esox lucius) that was introduced from North America.

In 2015, the municipality voted to join a proposed new comarca of Lluçanès, but the plan was put on hold due to insufficient support. Formerly part of Osona, it was finally incorporated into the new Lluçanès comarca in 2023.

title: Olost


text:
Talk:North Woolwich

Kent
Would be interesting to find out how long the association with Kent goes back. Morwen - Talk 15:57, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Perhaps at least to the start of the Woolwich Ferry (14th Century) ? MRSC 16:37, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Untitled
""Conversely, the area of the eastern part that lies north of the docks – an area of employment land, infrastructure facilities and post-industrial dereliction, with very few residents – is more usually seen as being part of Beckton, an area that has never had any formal definition" - what is "employment land"? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 31.109.101.165 (talk) 18:50, 22 May 2018 (UTC)

Lead paragraph
I've reverted the article back to the last stable version from March this year so that the current issues with the lead paragraph can be discussed - I don't think anything vital got reverted at the same time. Here strikes me as a half-decent place to have that discussion, unless someone tells me it's occurring elsewhere.

I have significant concerns about the OLINKs added in recently - we have no need to link either London or England per WP:OLINK. I also feel the pipe of East London applied just to east is a little misleading - not the worst I've seen. And then there's the whole "it used to be/no it is/no it used to be/is/used" bunfight. So, lats stable version and discuss from there... Blue Square Thing (talk) 17:24, 29 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:North Woolwich


text:
Ross and Macdonald

Ross and Macdonald was one of Canada's most notable architecture firms in the early 20th century. Based in Montreal, Quebec, the firm originally operated as a partnership between George Allen Ross and David MacFarlane (known as Ross and MacFarlane) from 1907 to 1912. MacFarlane withdrew from the firm in 1912, and Robert Henry Macdonald became a partner.

The Ross and Macdonald name was used until 1944, after which it became Ross & Ross, Architects, when John Kenneth Ross joined his father as partner. Following George Allen Ross's death in 1946, the firm continued as Ross, Patterson, Townsend & Heughan. By 1970, the firm was known as Ross, Fish, Duschenes & Barrett. Since 2006, it has operated as DFS Inc. Architecture & Design.

George Allen Ross
Ross (1879–1946) was born in Montreal, and later studied at the High School of Montreal, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris.

Ross was apprenticed to Brown, MacVicar & Heriot in Montreal, and later become a draftsman for the Grand Trunk Railway. He also did work with Parker & Thomas in Boston and Carrere & Hastings in New York before partnering with MacFarlane in Montreal.

He was a Fellow of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada. He was also a member of the Royal Institute of British Architects, becoming an Associate in 1904 and a Fellow in 1913.

Robert Henry Macdonald
Macdonald (1875–1942) was born in Melbourne, Australia. He articled to Richard B. Whitaker, M.S.A. of Melbourne, and became a junior draftsman to Robert Findlay in Montreal in 1895. After positions as a draftsman for George B. Post starting in 1903, a senior draftsman with Crighton & McKay in Wellington, New Zealand in 1905, and head draftsman with W.W. Bosworth in New York in 1906, Macdonald joined Ross and MacFarlane in Montreal as a junior partner and draftsman in 1907. He ultimately became a partner of the firm in 1912.

He was a Fellow of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada and of the Royal Institute of British Architects. He served as president of the Quebec Association of Architects in 1939, and was a recipient of the association's Award of Merit.

Important works
Commercial Buildings:
 * Bank of Toronto branch (Guy St. and St. Catherine St. W.), Montreal, 1908
 * Complexe Les Ailes, Montreal, 1925-27 (Former Eaton's department store)
 * Saskatoon Board of Education offices, Saskatoon, 1928-29 (Former Eaton's department store)
 * Former Eaton's Store, Calgary, 1928-29 (demolished 1988, façade incorporated into Calgary Eaton Centre)
 * Dominion Square Building, Montreal, 1928–1930
 * College Park, Toronto, 1928-30 (Former Eaton's department store)(with Sproatt and Rolph)
 * Holt Renfrew Montreal at 1300 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, 1937 (building closed in 2020, moved with nearby Ogilvy's store on St.Catherine St.)

Hotels:
 * Château Laurier Hotel, Ottawa, 1909-12 (with Bradford Lee Gilbert)
 * (History of the Fairmont Château Laurier)
 * Lord Elgin Hotel, Ottawa, 1940–41
 * Royal York Hotel, Toronto, 1927-29 (with Sproatt and Rolph)
 * (Royal York Hotel)
 * Fort Garry Hotel, Winnipeg, 1910–14
 * Hotel Saskatchewan, Regina, 1926–27
 * Hotel Macdonald, Edmonton, 1912–14
 * Les Cours Mont-Royal, Montreal, 1920-24 (Former Sheraton Mount Royal Hotel, now a shopping mall, condo and office complex)

Public Buildings:
 * Senate of Canada Building, Ottawa, (Former Ottawa Union Station), 1911–1912
 * (The Architecture of Ottawa's Union Station)
 * Union Station, Toronto (with Hugh G. Jones, John Lyle) 1914–1920
 * (Toronto Union Station - Heritage Character Analysis)

Office Buildings:
 * Architects' Building, Montreal, 1929-34 (demolished)
 * Confederation Building (McGill College Ave. and St. Catherine St. W.), Montreal, 1927–28
 * Castle Building (Stanley Street and St. Catherine St. W.), Montreal, 1924–27
 * Dominion Square Building (Peel Street and St. Catherine St. W.), Montreal, 1928–40
 * Montreal Star Building (St. Jacques St.), Montreal, 1926–31
 * Royal Bank Building (Yonge Street and King Street East), Toronto, 1913–15
 * Édifice Price (Sainte-Anne street), Quebec City, 1929–1930.
 * Medical Arts Building, Montreal, 1922

Residential:
 * Le Chateau Apartments, (Sherbrooke and De La Montagne) Montreal, 1926
 * The Gleneagles, (Cote des Neiges Road) Montreal, 1929

Other:
 * Central Technical School, Toronto, 1915
 * The Hydrostone, Halifax, 1918
 * Maple Leaf Gardens, Toronto, 1931–32

title: Ross and Macdonald


text:
Loarn mac Eirc

Loarn mac Eirc was a possible king of Dál Riata who may have lived in the 5th century. He was buried on Iona. Loarn's main significance is as the eponymous ancestor of Cenél Loairn, a kindred whose name is preserved in Lorne.

The Duan Albanach and the Senchus Fer n-Alban and other genealogies name Loarn's father as Erc son of Eochaid Muinremuir. Loarn appears in Irish traditions as 'King of Alba' in the eighth- to twelfth-century tale "Of The Miracles of Cairnech Here" in the Lebhor Bretnach, the Irish version of the Historia Brittonum, and in the tenth- to twelfth-century tale Aided Muirchertach mac Erca. In these tales, mac Erca spends time with Loarn, his grandfather, before murdering him by setting him aflame.

title: Loarn mac Eirc


text:
File:Spaghetti squash cleaned.JPG

Summary
the cleaned squash ready for cooking

title: File:Spaghetti squash cleaned.JPG


text:
Talk:Optical isolator

Merge (with Faraday isolator) ?
Seems straightforward to me; Yes!

Atlant 15:59, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Yes. Also beacause the term optical isolator is mostly(?) connected to the Faraday isolator. Maybe Optical isolator should be a fork page to the two.

 * sadly the merge leaves the article ignoring optical isolators not based on Faraday rotators. As noted in 2013 below they can also use [absorbing] linear polarisers and quarter-wave plates. Currently some of the mentions of optical isolator look as if they only apply to the Faraday isolator (as if that article had been editted and substituted here). Better? if we demerge - eg rename this article back to Faraday isolator and start a more general optical isolator article. Need to say clearly if Polarization independent isolator is a type of Faraday isolator or not ? - Rod57 (talk) 13:41, 11 October 2016 (UTC)

Faraday rotator talk
According to the link it is also possible to isolate unpolarized light.

what exactly does it mean when you say "can provide non-reciprocal rotation while maintaining linear polarization". And perhaps provide an explanation of why a 1/4 waveplate can't maintain linear polarization in this manner. (just a thought) Whoopsi 01:06, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

 * 1/4 rotation by sugar-water-solution can maintain linear polarization (optical activity) . --Arnero 21:31, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

This needs diagrams. — Omegatron 01:53, 18 July 2006 (UTC)

The Faraday isolators I have used all have very strong magnets in them. Why is that? Needs explaining!

Polarization Independent Isolator
The change by 203.200.35.12 made the description to vague. This is a common problem with explainations of polarization independent isolators. Grahamwild 18:22, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

umm?
why the polarized and all, put a source on one end and a detector on the other, light can only travel from the source, can it not? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 220.227.207.194 (talk) 13:09, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

Some optical sources, such as super luminescent diodes, can be extremely sensitive to back reflection from anywhere in the optical circuit, even from connectors and splices. The isolator significantly reduce light travelling in the reverse direction. Regards, Grahamwild (talk) 14:35, 13 October 2008 (UTC)

Kirchhoff's laws
Kirchhoff's laws are about absorption and emission - the generation and destruction of photons which is an exchange of energy format. A fellow called Mungans has a PDF linked in the notes where he totally confuses optical deflection (reflection, refraction etc - all variations of the basic process of scattering) in which the wave never changes its optical charater, thus no exchange of energy. --Damorbel (talk) 18:04, 28 July 2012 (UTC)

Wave-plates
As I understand it, polarisation-dependent isolators are also commonly realised using a polariser and a quarter-wave plate: The incident wave is polarised (linearly), and as it passes through the wave-plate, it is converted to circular polarisation. On the return path, it is converted again to horizontal polarisation. I guess the article could be updated to mention this. Papa November (talk) 15:46, 9 October 2013 (UTC)

I agree, a description of a 1/4 wave plate isolator should be included in this article, but it should be noted it doesn't maintain linear polarization, and doesn't isolate against feedback in an arbitrary polarization state. — Preceding unsigned comment added by DrErso (talk • contribs) 13:21, 7 September 2019 (UTC)

What loss of energy
All three designs (1/4 wave plate, and 2 with Faraday rotators) all start with a linear polariser. Does that mean that they all absorb/loose 50% of the energy from an unpolarised source ? - Rod57 (talk) 13:57, 11 October 2016 (UTC)

A polarization-independent isolator can be implemented either with a birefringent plate, or can split the rejected light from a linear polarizer to a separate Faraday rotator, and recombine it at the output. A polarization-dependent isolator will lose 50% from an unpolarized source. DrErso (talk) 13:04, 7 September 2019 (UTC)

Issue with Faraday isolator figure
The figure demonstrating a polarization-dependent Faraday isolator (File:Faraday_isolator.svg) appears to have an error in the polarization rotation direction in the "backwards direction" portion of the figure. Rather than rotating counterclockwise by 45 degrees to arrive at horizontal polarization, it rotates clockwise by 135 degrees. This fails to demonstrate the critical property of Faraday rotators wherein the polarization rotation direction is dependent on the propagation direction (and therefore opposite for forward and backwards propagating light). --Tarheels 100 (talk) 17:06, 13 January 2021 (UTC)

 * After 2,5 years the figure still needs to be fixed. Also, the phrase in the article “(the direction of rotation is not sensitive to the direction of propagation)” seems to be more ambiguous than the accurate statement in the above comment: “the polarization rotation direction is dependent on the propagation direction”. El Lobo (talk) 16:49, 29 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Optical isolator


text:
King Nothing

"King Nothing" is a song by American heavy metal band Metallica from their 1996 album Load, released on January 7, 1997.

The song was written by James Hetfield, Lars Ulrich, and Kirk Hammett. The song starts on a bass riff which develops into the main riff of the song. A single of "King Nothing" was released in the United States. It included a live version of the song "Ain't My Bitch", which is also on the album Load. A music video also accompanied the song. The guitars and bass are both tuned to Eb.

The words "Off to never-never land", heard at the end of the song, are a nod to the song "Enter Sandman", from Metallica's preceding album, which also contains these words. Both songs have a similar structure.

"King Nothing" appeared as background music in the ninth episode of the second season of The Sopranos, "From Where to Eternity", in a scene in which Tony Soprano is speaking with Paulie Gualtieri in the Bada Bing strip club.

On the US charts, the song reached number 90 on the Billboard Hot 100, while peaking at number six on the Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.

The song circles around the theme of "be careful what you wish for". The lyrics depict a man who just wants to play the king and does not care about anything else. This ultimately leads to his downfall, as shown in "And it all crashes down, and you break your crown".

Music video
In the music video, "King Nothing" is seen wandering around a snowy wasteland, throwing away his crown, and then putting another one on. He does this so much, by the end of the video, there are crowns everywhere. At the very end, hundreds of other King Nothings surround him.

The music video, directed by Matt Mahurin, was filmed in Park City, Utah, in December 1996.

Demo
The demo of "King Nothing" was called "Load" (hence the title of the album on which it is featured) and was recorded in Lars Ulrich's home studio 'Dungeon' by James Hetfield and Ulrich on November 30, 1994.

Track listing

 * Canada and US single
 * 1) "King Nothing" – 5:28
 * 2) "Ain't My Bitch" (Live – Irvine Meadows, California, 4 August 1996) – 6:00

 * US promo Single
 * 1) "King Nothing" (edited version) – 4:59
 * 2) "King Nothing" (full version) – 5:28

title: King Nothing


text:
Talk:The Emperor's Nightingale

Title of the fairy tale
Even though the nightingale in the fairy tale is owned by an emperor, the English title is just The Nightingale (a direct translation of the Danish title Nattergalen), not The Emperor's Nightingale, as evidenced by these Google searches: Therefore, I moved the content of the page The Emperor's Nightingale to the page The Nightingale, turned the former into a redirect page, changed the links on other pages accordingly and did a similar thing on Wikisource.
 * +"hans christian andersen" +"the nightingale" - 39,700 hits
 * +"hans christian andersen" +"the emperor's nightingale" - 925 hits

IMDb lists a 1949 Czech stop-motion puppet animation of this fairy tale by the title of Cisaruv slavík. The title of the U.S. version, narrated by Boris Karloff, was The Emperor's Nightingale. It is not to be confused with the better-known Andersen tale The Emperor's New Clothes.

--Bwiki 16:00, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Emperor's Nightingale


text:
User talk:195.195.47.18

November 2022
Hello, I'm Neveselbert. I wanted to let you know that one or more of your recent contributions to List of British governments have been undone because they did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Teahouse or the Help desk. Thanks. ‑‑Neveselbert (talk · contribs · email) 18:08, 25 November 2022 (UTC)

January 2023
Hello, I'm Wikipedialuva. I noticed that you recently removed content from Vein without adequately explaining why. In the future, it would be helpful to others if you described your changes to Wikipedia with an accurate edit summary. If this was a mistake, don't worry; the removed content has been restored. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you think I made a mistake, or if you have any questions, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Thanks. Wikipedialuva (talk) 09:39, 19 January 2023 (UTC)

February 2023
Hello, I'm Moops. I wanted to let you know that one or more of your recent contributions to User talk:195.195.44.6 have been undone because they did not appear constructive. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. If you have any questions, you can ask for assistance at the Teahouse or the Help desk. Thanks. — Moops  ⋠ T ⋡ 13:33, 8 February 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:195.195.47.18


text: User talk:69.223.37.80

title: User talk:69.223.37.80


text:
Talk:Academic seduction

Disputed
"It has been attributed to the psychological projection of status and authority on the professor by the student, and the professor's exploitation of their experience in psychological techniques of NLP or speed seduction, which were a fad for a time in western academia."

 * Teachers and students have been falling for each other for thousands of years, long before the notions of NLP -- hell, before psychology and thus "psychological techniques" -- were invented. This is nothing but bizarre speculation and I'd like to know how much of the rest of the article is based on any better foundation. -- Antaeus Feldspar 16:01, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Forgive my ignorance, but simple linking (like with the little bracket-thingies) to "NLP" as in the article and talk page leads to a disambiguation page. Is it meant to link to "Neuro-linguistic programming"? DTM 03:55, 31 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Presumably... -- Antaeus Feldspar 16:49, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

Disputed: "Natural tendency for females of college age..." On the passage:
 * There is also a natural tendency for females of college age to develop crushes on authority figures, for perhaps sociobiological reasons.
 * This also happens, to a lesser extent, with males.

I have to dispute the authority of a (presently dead) link from "askthecollegeguy.com," self-described as an "advice/humor column," as a source for such conclusions in an encyclopedia article on psychology. Samaritan 11:22, 1 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Power is the ultimate aphrodisiac. -Tachi 09:19, 31 May 2006 (UTC)
 * The citation link for this is dead too.

Most disputed info is now gone or revised and backed up with sound references. Aine63 04:46, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

Neologism
Neologism? The term "academic seduction" with this meaning (rather than referring to the attraction felt to a particular topic of study etc.) seems to appear only on Wikipedia and mirror sites. 142.3.164.195 17:34, 12 May 2006 (UTC)
 * we are voting to rename the article below Aine63 04:46, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

The gender issue
There is literature on this topic, but most of it targets male teachers as if they are the only ones that over-step boundaries, which is a complete fallacy. And as women step into positions of increasing power, they are making all the same mistakes that men have in the past--including sexual harassment and abuse of subordinates. Because of this, as I add new information and sources, I'll be making a point of maintaining a gender-neutral focus in the article. Women are as guilty of these transgressions as men, and the article should reflect this. Aine63 21:37, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

Renaming the article or keeping the title as is: please vote
The votes support keeping the article, but most feel the title should be changed. Please vote here on possiblilties:

1. keep current title

2. rename:  "Academic sexual abuse," "Academic sexual harassment," or another possibility, "Sexual harassment in education"

Right now, my vote is for "Academic sexual abuse" because sexual harassment can also be included under that category. This is what most of the editors who voted on this title also seem to prefer. Aine63 01:04, 20 July 2006 (UTC)
 * However, "Academic seduction" may be less POV then the others which clearly label this phenomena as abusive.Aine63 17:55, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

I counted the votes on the delete discussion regarding suggestions for a new title:
 * -2 votes for new name "Academic sexual abuse"
 * -3 votes in the discussion were for a merge to the "Sexual abuse" article, but since the decision was to keep this article as a stand-alone, they could be counted as votes for "Academic sexual abuse" which would make it 5 votes for that title at this point
 * -3 votes for a new name with no preference given as to name

Global perspective
Since Academic seduction/sexual abuse happens all over the world, the article cites sources from all over the world, and will continue to. (For example, Martin is Australian, Prekel is from South Aftica, Pat Sikes is from Britain, and Camille Claudel was French.) However, it doesn't divide the discussion into "this is what people in France think" or "this is what people in India think" because most people are on one side of the argument or the other, or may straddle the fence, regardless of where they live. Other than a mention of how the laws or policy trends vary in different countries, I don't see a need to divide the argument into cultural "camps."-that is, unless some culture has some very extreme views such as thinking all young people should be de-virginized by a teacher. But that's just my opinion. Aine63 04:13, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Sorry for slapping a globalize tag on the article without much much explaination. However, I believe that this article's perspective is in fact rather limited.

 * The problems start out early:
 * Right after the definition, the article states that
 * One survey, conducted with psychology students, reports that 10% had sexual ::interactions with their educators....In a survey of high school students, 14% reported ::that they had engaged in sexual intercourse with a teacher.

 * These statistics are drawn from a study of American university students and high-schoolers, yet this is not clear from the onset. Not that the author's intent is to deceive, of course, but it is bad form to suggest that there is little difference between rates of academic seduction in Italy and Alabama.

 * As for the priests and public schools, even though this study only deals with the United States, this fact is not even mentioned. Furthermore, under "Debates", we read only about Britain and, again, the U.S.

 * While I certainly agree that disagreements about this issue exist within countries/cultures and not only among them, the fact remains that this article's cultural scope is all too limited. It does not address academic seduction in a single country that was not once a colony of the UK (except the UK, of course)! Ideas about academic seduction in Nigeria are probably going to be somewhat different from those in the U.S, and this needs to be discussed. Even among developed countries, sexual harrassment policies and university conduct codes vary widely. In many French universities, sexual relationships between university professors and their students are not proscribed. This is certainly not the case worldwide.

 * Nor does this article discuss historic, intitutionalised academic seduction.

 * This article is good insofar as it discusses heterosexual academic seduction in the anglophone world, yet all other cultures are ignored. Surely Japanese mores about gender and education are at least appreciably different from Californian ones.

 * In terms of the structure, perhaps we don't need Indian and French sections, but we most definitely need to hear about how this issue is perceived in France and in India. I respectfully disagree that focusing only on anglophone countries and those where de-virginisation by a teacher is the norm (if such ideas exist) is balanced and reflective of a global perspective. All the authors cited are anglophone academics; one link to an article about Claudel does not a globally-focused article make.

 * I don't want to discourage you. I believe that insofar as the article deals with anglophone universities, it's quite good. The content that you've produced is a very worthy addition to Wikipedia and I commend you for your good work. But this work is incomplete, for a global and historical perspective is lacking. The bulk of the article's sources present only the perspectives of English-speaking university-based feminists who don't seem to be very keen on academic seduction. The perspectives of, say, moderately conservative Latins, don't even get a mention.

 * Perhaps the authors of this article are not able to give this article a more global focus (I'm no expert on the matter myself), but at the very least, we need to acknoledge this gap -- with a "globalize" tag.-- Zantastik  talk  07:05, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, the content is currently very "anglophone," but this is an article "in progress," and the "limited scope" of what is there now does not mean that this is the intention or plan for the article. I only began to edit the article a week or two ago, when there was nothing but original research--and all of it really, really bad--and a plan to delete.  I volunteered to work on the article if the editors decided to keep it, which they did.  But there is only so much free time in a day, and I am the ONLY person editing the content, and I add content as I come across it, so far I mostly come across "anglophone" content. (grin)

 * I think your points are well made. However, if you feel strongly about these missing areas, it would be great if you would help remedy the situation by helping to add the "less anglophone" content. If you yourself don't have the time, or the inclination (though you seem to have much to say about the topic), then you need to step back.  Aine63 18:12, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Please see WP:CIVIL; keep the discussion civil, please. Zantastik makes good points in his post above.  Telling him to "step back" if he isn't going to add substantive information to the article itself is not going to facilitate discussion here.  I think Zantastik realizes this is not a finished article and is a work in progress, in fact, I imagine that's the reason he added the "globalize" tag in the first place--to remind editors here that the article needs expansion to cover all appropriate bases.  Additionally, I don't think he was criticising the work Aine63 has done on the article in the last several days, quite the contrary ("I don't want to discourage you. I believe that insofar as the article deals with anglophone universities, it's quite good."). ·  j·e·r·s·y·k·o  talk · 19:23, 31 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Jesyko, Zansttik's critique was that there is absoulutely no non-U.S. content in this article. It doesn't show here in the discussion, but in the article history. My objection was to the fact that this is completely untrue, the U.S. content represents only a fraction. Of his points that the content is "anglophone," I didn't disagree. (I further object to insinuations that I'm being un-civil if I object to erroneous critiques by people who haven't really read an article carefully, or aprise themselves of the entire situation is it stands--this is all too common at Wiki.) Aine63 21:46, 31 July 2006 (UTC)
 * With all due respect, the only "erroneous" critique came well before he commented extensively on this talk page and before you made the comment that prompted me to butt in here. You were correct in pointing out that the article is not U.S.-centric, but Zantastik was correct in pointing out that the article does not necessarily have a complete worldwide and historical perspective.  The comment I interpreted as being uncivil was not made in response to Zantastik's early, incorrect criticism, but rather his latter one.  I would join Zantastik, however, in commending you for the work you have done on this article. ·  j·e·r·s·y·k·o  talk · 23:52, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks, Jersyko. Yes, let me say yet again that I think that the content that you've added, Aine63, is quite good. I'm glad that we have someone here knowledgable about how this matter is treated in anglophone university literature; your contributions have made wikipedia more complete. I'm certainly not suggesting that you intend to only add material that addresses English-speaking developed countries. Yet as it currently stands, this article ignores every other cultural context in which academic seduction takes place, and until this situation changes, a globalize tag is in order. After all, it's a shame that we don't have people working on this article who are as knowledgable about A.S. in Latin America and Japan as you are it in the English-speaking world. One of the virtures of the globalize tag is that is attracts other users, who'll discover the article in a list of other articles needing a more global perspective. This fresh blood will be just as welcome as your own contributions, which is to say, quite welcome indeed.

 * To address your remarks that if I feel strongly about this topic that I should add some non-anglophone country content, I would note the following. I feel strongly about NPOV and articles having a global focus, but alas, that strong feeling isn't matched by any perticular expertise about A.S. Thus, what I'm able to add myself is going to be limited in the extreme. Consequently, I've chosen to limit my participation in the article to being a critic, pointing out some of the limitations (highly culturally bound, nothing about the history, few viewpoints of non-academics) so that others more knowledgeable than I can remedy them.

 * In conclusion, I believe that a globalize tag is in order until at least a reasonable amount of material dealing with A.S. in other cultures and from other cultural perspectives is added. Again, I commend you for your work and only hope that those who fill in these gaps write as well as you have about A.S. in anglophone universites in developed countries. A globalize tag isn't an insult against the article. It just means that it's a work in progress -- and we seem to agree on this. May you continue to do such good work. Let's tag the article and let you and others get back to work on this interesting article. Best, -- Zantastik  talk  21:08, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

The problems with this article
First, the title is almost certainly wrong. "Academic seduction" gets <150 ghits, and five Google Scholar hits of whihc none are substantial uses of the term. Given that it is acknowledged in the article to be a form of sexual abuse, it's hardly surprising that the term seduction is not in common currency. It's not a lack of "global perspective", more that this is a neologism and one whihc is unlikely to gain much currency.

Second, this article gives a very strong impression of novel synthesis from the sources. That is likely the result of the title as much as anything else.

So, we need to have a better title and a change to the lead paragraph to reflect this.

Two titles have been suggested: Academic sexual abuse and Academic sexual harassment. Other possibilities exist. It is also unclear how this differs from abuse by any other adult in a position of authority (e.g. scoutmasters, youth leaders, priests) so perhaps the context needs to be widened. One thing of which I am absolutely sure: the word seduction is wholly inappropriate. Just zis Guy you know? 10:38, 1 August 2006 (UTC)
 * When I put this article up for deletion, most of the keeps were provisional on a later title change, though the "poll" above seems not to have gotten much interest. As described in the deletion discussion, I'd think titles specifically referencing harassment or abuse would be appropriate only if the text confined itself to those subjects. As it is, it describes sexual interactions between students and educators that are not necessarily abusive. Opabinia regalis 12:47, 1 August 2006 (UTC)
 * "Not necessarily abusive" is the issue--some people think they are, some think they are not. The problem with changing the name to one that includes "abuse" or "harassment", or merging the content into an abuse or harassment article, is that this could be viewed as being POV, as there are many arguments in favor of these types of relationships. The current title, though very lacking and certainly a neologism, is far less judgmental, and leaves room for the discussion of the debates that are taking shape in the article. However, I don't mean to be defending it as I don't like it either. Still, whatever the title change, I think it needs to be as free of any POV as possible. Aine63 16:44, 1 August 2006 (UTC)
 * My initial reaction to this article was similar to JzG's. Zantastik's suggestions, posted above, however, convinced me that this article has potential.  I agree that the article needs a different title, but am somewhat flummoxed as to what it should be.  Limiting the article to discussion of only abusive sexual relationships or harassment would be a mistake, in my opinion, as it would basically eliminate the potential to discuss subjects mentioned above, such as sexual relationships between pupils and masters in ancient Greece or the fact that French universities do not discourage professor/student sexual relationships (I think, anyway).  Perhaps, then, the title Educator/student sexuality would be more appropriate, if a bit bulky (though perhaps it would create a subpage problem at Educator?). ·  j·e·r·s·y·k·o  talk · 13:58, 1 August 2006 (UTC)
 * We already have an article on pederasty. This is a novel synthesis of abusive and supposedly non-abusive contexts.  Perhaps it should all be merged to pederasty? Just zis Guy you know? 14:02, 1 August 2006 (UTC)
 * OK, after typing then deleting a post in disagreement and upon further reflection, I think you're right about this being OR. The subjects Zantastik brings up above can be discussed in other articles.  This article, though it cites reputable sources, synthesizes the facts and ideas contained in those sources without attribution for said synthesis, which seems to fail comport with this and perhaps this. ·  j·e·r·s·y·k·o  talk · 14:29, 1 August 2006

(UTC)

Wiki-osmosis? I find it interesting that people can label the content of the article a "novel synthesis" of the references when it is unlikely that the people making these comments have read any of the books. Are you getting this information from some kind of channeling technique? (Of course, if you have read the books, I stand corrected with apologies.) Aine63 03:41, 2 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Are you arguing that it is not a novel synthesis? Can you explain how it is not if you believe it is not, perhaps with a link to a reliable source which synthesizes the information contained in the multiple sources cited in the article (or one of the sources cited if they attempt such synthesis)?  I have already changed my mind once on this, and could easily switch back, I think, provided that such a source exists.  Thanks. ·  j·e·r·s·y·k·o  talk · 03:53, 2 August 2006 (UTC)

New title
We are back were we started, with a need for a new title, but no one really being able to come to a consensus as to what it should be. However, that people don't know how to refer to an issue or a topic does not mean it isn't legitimate. Since the editors have already voted to keep the article with a name change, this is what should come next. But no one has been willing to discuss this in any significant way.

Therefore, I propose that we go ahead and change it to "Academic sexual harassment" or even better "Sexual Harassment in Education" which is a topic title that already does exist in the literature. This will make it a sub-article of Sexual harassment. (Merging it into "Sexual harassment" isn't good because that article is already very long, and still needs more global content.) While I think it's smacks of POV, it's a little less POV then "abuse," and I only lean in this direction because almost all of the literture uses the term "harassment" when they are discussing sexual interactions and relations between students and teachers whether they are discussing in support of these kinds of relationships, or agaisnt them. However, we should keep the "Debates" section, and expand to include a healthy balance of both sides of the issue--but I have to admit that literature in support of these kinds of relationships has been very hard to come by so far, which is why this section is still scant. (The truth is, the only arguments I've come across that are in support of any type of sexual interactions with students, consensual or otherwise, are made by teachers who themselves like to have sexual interactions with students.)

If there is no serious, in-depth discussion on alternatives to a title change over the course of the week, I'll make this change this weekend. Aine63 18:15, 1 August 2006 (UTC)
 * However, with this change, the definition will have to be revised to be one that is consistent with those common to "sexual harassment." The portions of the definition, and article, that discuss even consensual sexual interactions as abuse/harassment should be discussed elsewhere in the article.Aine63 19:45, 1 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Educating Rita ;-) Just zis Guy you know? 12:55, 2 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Lol and it's Google-able, too. Aine63 23:34, 2 August 2006 (UTC)
 * It's also already taken as a title. If we used it, we would have to call it "Educating Rita (not the film)" ;) Aine63 00:05, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

New article has been made
OK, so no feedback means I make the change. I've created a new article called "Sexual harassment in education" to be a sub-article of "Sexual harassment." I chose this because it's an already established topic in the media and literature, and because it's the least POV. Also, "Acacemic sexual harassment" and "Academic sexual abuse" are just more neologisms.

The "Academic seduction" content will remain in the new article, but will now be a sub-topic of the larger issue of sexual harassment in education. This will require some minor changes to how those sections are structured. It will also require the addition of a lot of new content, which is in progress but will take time to add. See the article Talk page for more on the plan for the new direction.

I'm not going to place a re-direct to the new article for a few days, not until some of the needed new information has been added, and the body of the article has been shaped a little more. Peer harassment is more common then harassment by teachers, and this area needs to be fleshed out. Aine63 23:17, 6 August 2006 (UTC)

Redirect has been made. This article is not finished. Aine63 21:35, 9 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Academic seduction


text:
St Mary de Castro

The name St Mary de Castro or St Mary in Castro is given to many churches dedicated to the Virgin Mary within a medieval castle (the Latin, de castro or in castro, meaning 'in the castle'), including:
 * St Mary in Castro, Dover, a church in the grounds of Dover Castle, Kent, south-east England
 * Church of St Mary de Castro, Leicester, a church in Leicester, England, located within the former bailey of Leicester Castle

title: St Mary de Castro


text:
User:Roger McLassus 1951/sub1

EMPTY

title: User:Roger McLassus 1951/sub1


text:
Shaun Steels

Shaun 'Winter' Taylor-Steels (born Shaun Steels, 22 August 1970) is a British heavy metal drummer and bassist. Steels, born in Normanton, West Yorkshire, is of Scottish and Norwegian descent on his mother's side of the family.

Steels replaced Bill Law in My Dying Bride, and once was a member of Anathema. Like many other metal musicians, he has a pseudonym and adopted the stage name 'Winter'.

Shortly before the release of the 2006 album A Line of Deathless Kings, Steels announced his permanent departure from My Dying Bride due to health concerns.

In the band's official statement concerning his departure, Steels is quoted as saying, "I would just like to salute MDB for the good times and wish them all well in the future, I feel I am not ready to fulfill the duties in a manner befitting MDB at this time and have decided to stand down. I am sad to be leaving but at this time I feel it is for the greater good of the band".

Steels also recorded drums with the Norwegian metal band Vestige of Virtue alongside Kjetil Ottersen and Frode Forsmo.

Steels returned to My Dying Bride as a studio drummer for their 2012 album A Map of All Our Failures. In May 2013, Steels also replaced Hayley Morgan in Yorkshire black metal band Severed Heaven. After two years with the band he left and joined Darkher.

He recorded 'realms' and played live with the band from 2015 to 2017. In 2016, Steels recorded a live session with Darkher at the Maida Vale recording studios in London for BBC Radio 1.

In 2017 he rejoined My Dying Bride as a full-time member. but then departed from the band again in 2018. In December 2018, it was wrongly publicised that Steels had been sacked from the band. He had in fact left months before it was made public due to being extremely unhappy with the situation he found himself in.. Steels also plays drums alongside longtime friend and fellow musician Hamish Glencross in the blackened doom metal band Godthrymm.

Steels is endorsed by Czarcie Kopyto custom made drum pedals.

title: Shaun Steels


text:
Crown Church, Inverness

Crown Church is a parish church in Inverness in the Scottish Highlands, located at the junction of Midmills Road and Kingsmills Road near the city centre. The first minister (1899–1907) was the Reverend William Todd, renowned for his fervent evangelical preaching. Originally built for the Free Church of Scotland, the church buildings were completed in 1901. By this time the congregation had become part of the United Free Church of Scotland, which in turn united with the Church of Scotland in 1929, thus reuniting Scotland's largest Presbyterian denominations.

In 2004 the congregation had 820 members, making Crown Church the largest Church of Scotland congregation in Inverness in terms of membership. The current minister (since 1998) is the Reverend Dr Peter H. Donald, who is also Vice-Convener of the Church of Scotland's Mission and Discipleship Council.

The designer of the building was Inverness born architect James Robert Rhind, a successful architect who had been trained in his father’s practice. His designs were selected for 7 libraries around Glasgow following Andrew Carnegie’s gift of £100,000 to the city in 1901. His landmark buildings were greatly enhanced by his liberal use of columns, domes and sculpted features. Rhind’s best known buildings in the North of Scotland are the Royal Golf Hotel and the Crown Church, Inverness.

title: Crown Church, Inverness


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/D02

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Linuxbeak | Talk 22:02, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

D02
Some forum participant's homebrew RPG system. Belongs on those forums, not here. — mendel ☎ 16:02, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete of course. — mendel ☎ 16:06, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Privat  e   Butcher  23:02, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/D02


text: User talk:82.34.222.47

title: User talk:82.34.222.47


text: User talk:24.154.179.14

title: User talk:24.154.179.14


text:
CWB

CWB may stand for:

Businesses and organisations

 * Canadian Western Bank
 * Canadian Wheat Board
 * Canadian Welding Bureau
 * Center for Wooden Boats, a non-profit organization
 * Central Weather Bureau of Taiwan

Music

 * Chocolate Watchband, a psychedelic 60s band
 * Conductors Without Borders, an international musical-training effort

Hong Kong

 * Causeway Bay
 * Central–Wan Chai Bypass
 * Clear Water Bay

Elsewhere

 * Afonso Pena International Airport, Brazil (by IATA code)
 * Colwyn Bay railway station, north Wales (by GBR code)

Science

 * Certified Wildlife Biologist, a professional certification offered by The Wildlife Society
 * Counterproductive work behavior
 * Cwb is one of four symbols for the Oceanic climate under the Köppen climate classification system, although generally limited to highland areas in the tropics

title: CWB


text:
Jan Siemerink

Johannes Martinus ("Jan") Siemerink (born 14 April 1970) is a retired tennis player from the Netherlands. The former Dutch Davis Cup captain reached a career-high ATP ranking of 14.

Tennis
As a junior player, Siemerink was the Dutch 18-under champion in 1988. He also won the doubles title at the 1988 Orange Bowl junior championship in Florida.

Siemerink turned professional in 1989. Over the course of his career, he won four top-level singles titles (at Singapore in 1991, Nottingham in 1996, and at Rotterdam and Toulouse in 1998). He also won ten tour doubles titles, the most significant of which were the Miami Masters in 1993 and the Monte-Carlo Masters in 1996.

Siemerink's best performance at a Grand Slam event came at Wimbledon in 1998, where he reached the quarterfinals by defeating Ctislav Doseděl, David Prinosil, Jonas Björkman and Magnus Larsson, before being knocked-out by Goran Ivanišević in three tie-breaks. Siemerink is also known for winning a fourth set tie-break against compatriot Richard Krajicek from 6–0 down in the 1994 US Open, though Krajicek eventually won the match.

Siemerink played for the Netherlands in the Davis Cup between 1991 and 2001, compiling a 17–10 record. He helped the Netherlands reach the World Group semi-finals in 2001.

Siemerink's career-high rankings were world No. 14 in singles (in 1998) and world No. 16 in doubles (in 1996). His career prize-money totaled $4,347,693.

After his playing career Siemerink was captain of the Dutch Davis Cup team from 2006 until 2016.

Other
In February 2018, Siemerink became team manager of the football club Ajax.

title: Jan Siemerink


text: File:Spaghetti squash cooking.JPG

title: File:Spaghetti squash cooking.JPG


text:
1895–96 in Belgian football

Overview
Only one official league existed at the time. It was called Coupe de Championnat (Championship Cup) and was disputed between 7 teams.

title: 1895–96 in Belgian football


text:
Talk:Bring the Jubilee

Expansion of article
Just added the headlines and worked the existing material into these. Will work more on themes later. Also not sure Hodge actually kills the Confederate officer or just stops the advance because the troops suspect an ambush ahead or something like that. Will re-read it for a university assignment anyway.

--85.164.246.9 16:04, 10 October 2005 (UTC) - Dammit, was certain I was logged in :) --Teeks 16:06, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * explanation is in order. if hodgins causes the death of the confederate officer who occupied little round top, the implication (as you have written it) is that the 20th maine holds the hill and the federals win the battle. the whole plot falls apart. please clarify. Toyokuni3 (talk) 15:37, 13 July 2008 (UTC)
 * The Union holds the hill, the secessionists lose the battle and the war. What needs explanation? -- Orange Mike  |   Talk  16:49, 14 July 2008 (UTC)

Changed "kills" to "cause the death". The officer is killed in a squabble after one of the men tries to steal Hodge's boots.

Also note that the Confederate officer who occupied Little Round Top was the direct ancestor of the woman who invented the time machine. Presumably she was descended from a child he fathered after the Battle of Gettysburg. (I read this novel many years ago and I don't remember whether Ward Moore says this explicitly.) Since she was never born, the time machine was never invented, and that's why Hodge Backmaker can't return to his own time. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.212.78.220 (talk) 00:34, 23 August 2012 (UTC)

War of Southron Independence
The first sentence of the third paragraph of the first page in the paperback version published by [Del Rey] Ballantine Books, New York, 1997 (c. 1953, 1981) reads as follows: "Grandpa Hodgins, after whom I was named, perhaps a little grandiloquently, Hodgins McCormick Backmaker, had been a veteran of the War of Southron Independence." "Southron" for the more plebian "Southern" is a perfectly legitimate old Southern poeticism, often (though not always) associated with grandiose pretension. (I say that as a Southerner born and bred, albeit from a anti-Secessionist Tennessee family that gave two sons to the Union cause.) I hope I won't have to correct this again.--Orange Mike 16:20, 17 October 2006 (UTC)

 * If the problem does persist, a [sic] would be in order. -- Rob C (Alarob) 02:07, 9 January 2007 (UTC)

 * it is in order anyway, so that the astute reader doesn't have to come here and read this.Toyokuni3 (talk) 15:31, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I've relinked to Southron as "The War of Southron Independence" does not appear in the article Names of the American Civil War, and the term "Southron" is so unusual and interesting that it deserves a link. haydn_likes_carpet (talk) 00:11, 14 October 2016 (UTC)

 * Good. The problem with "[sic]" is that it says "this guy's a dummy". Pluperfectionist2 (talk) 18:55, 15 May 2017 (UTC)

Map Inaccuracies
According to the book, the CSA got California and "the southern tip of Nevada, for obvious reasons" (apparently Moore was unaware that New Mexico included that part of Nevada), very generous, since the Confederacy could have detached the west as a sattelite.

Also, Haiti's independent, which is an important point in the book.

Overall, I think that the book was pretty unrealistic. The Confederates would have been hard pressed to occupy Mexico and Central America, let alone conquer Brazil and Argentina, a dystopian moral fable rather than a real alternate history. But that's just my take, any rate, my real point is the problem with the map. --71.192.116.43 21:54, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree the book was unrealistic: the North would not have been so utterly crushed and demorlaised, and the South would not have been so all-powerful, just from adifferent outcome of one battle. But that is the book which Moore did write. Anyway, re the map - there is missing the Spanish Empire, which is not much an empire really (only Cuba and Puerto Rico, essentially, since the war of 1898 did not happen in this hisoty) but the term "Spanish Empire" ocurs in the book many times and should be also in the map. Adam Keller 14:18, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

 * As for the north being crushed and demoralized, in the Jubilee timeline, the overall southern victory in the war resulted in the north being required to pay huge war reparations; this meant that the northern paper currency (Greenbacks) was inflated away to nothing, and most gold and silver was drained out of the north, resulting in an economic depression that lasted for decades. These same war reparations presumably funded much of the Confederate conquest of Latin America.  Before 1860, much of the large-scale industrialization in the north was based on government procurement contracts and/or northern processing of southern raw materials in ways that the north obtained more overall economic benefit from than the south did (e.g. New England textile mills); in the Jubilee-verse, all this went into sudden reverse at the end of the war.  Many of the most enterprising and resourceful young northerners emigrated.  By the 20th century, the north is an underdeveloped country squeezed between British Canada and the Confederacy, both of whom find it in their interests to keep it underdeveloped.  It's a worst case scenario, but not completely unrealistic, given certain assumptions... AnonMoos (talk) 16:59, 8 October 2014 (UTC)

 * As with many South wins the Civil war book way too much importance is put on Gettysburg while the more important Vicksburg is ignored. The Union victory at Vicksburg gave the Union  full control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two.  MacKinlay Kantor at least acknowledged in 1960 the importance of Vicksburg by having Grant die in an accident causing the battle to go for the South and killing off Sherman as well.  Never mind in terms of both material and men the Union had all the advantages so the only hope was to drag the war on without any major Union victory so Lincoln was voted out.--BruceGrubb (talk) 04:45, 13 October 2014 (UTC)

 * If Lee's army had conquered Washington D.C. and Baltimore, and directly threatened Philadelphia, then Vicksburg might not have turned out to be very important. AnonMoos (talk) 20:39, 13 October 2014 (UTC)

 * This forgets the whole reason Lee's Army was in Gettysburg in the first place was they were desperate for supplies -- especially shoes. Also the Union had 20,000 more men then Lee.  Even if they had managed to win at Gettysburg Lee's army wouldn't have been in any condition to follow through much less conquer Washington D.C. or Baltimore.  In fact as the Siege of Petersburg showed even with the advantages the Union had taking Richmond was pound one's head int he wall time.--BruceGrubb (talk) 04:56, 16 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Gen. Lee was in Gettysburg because he knew he didn't have the luxury of time or resources. In Confederate war planning, the successful invasion of southeastern Pennsylvania would cause disorder in Union forces, during which time the Army of Northern Virginia would pivot southeast toward Washington, D.C. Lincoln had been trying to seize Richmond, unsuccessfully, for years. Lee knew exactly what the situation in the West was, along with the equally poor conditions in Tennessee, Arkansas, and Alabama. The CSA could never out produce or overwhelm the Union, and only a surprise invasion and conquest of the American capital would bring in European powers and an end to the war. ChasYoshi (talk) 22:45, 30 June 2024 (UTC)

The map seems to be completely missing. 138.192.146.205 17:08, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

deleting reference to McKinlay Kantor's IF THE SOUTH HAD WON THE CIVIL WAR
The paragraph/sentence "MacKinlay Kantor's If the South had won the Civil War is credited with having inspired the premise for Moore's own version of alternate history Confederate States victory." is deleted for gross innaccuracy.

BRING THE JUBILEE is copyright 1953; IF THE SOUTH HAD WON THE CIVIL WAR first appeared in LOOK in 1960 (and is copyright that year) as a Civil War Bicentennial special article. For reference, go to each at Amazon.com and read the COPYRIGHT PAGE. Sans some extremely alternate history, a 1960 book cannot "inspire" a 1953 book.

Also, please note the "credited with" attribution. By whom? How? a very sloppy contribution.JTGILLICK (talk) 22:58, 8 April 2008 (UTC)

More map inaccuracies
I am unable to find any reference in the book to the South having conquered the entirety of South America. Where does this information supposedly come from? Also, the extent of the German Empire in Europe appears to have been conjured up, unreferenced, from the mapmaker's head. 31.185.153.231 (talk) 08:40, 11 July 2012 (UTC)

 * ...Haiti, the only American republic south of the Mason-Dixon line to preserve its independence...

from p.60 of the 1997 Del Rey edition 75.246.128.199 (talk) 04:35, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

 * However, the book refers to the South African Republic (p. 10 in Del Rey) as a place ambitious young Northerners often emigrated to (as they did to the West and Australia), so apparently the Boer War never happened in this timeline and the map's inclusion of South Africa in the British Empire is in error. 75.246.128.199 (talk) 04:55, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

The map image seems to straightforwardly project the results of the Berlin Conference of 1884 into the Jubilee timeline. Probably much of the map of Africa would have to be left blank unless this or similar assumptions were made... AnonMoos (talk) 08:57, 8 October 2014 (UTC)

Differences in histories which are not necessitiated by Southern victory
Many of the differences from the actual timeline which are depicted in the book are in no way natural consequences of the Southern triumph. For example, the succession to the British throne includes a "William V". There are other, similar details. Somehow I think that this should be addressed, but it does not seem to flow logically into any part of the existing article. 75.246.45.165 (talk) 02:46, 9 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Not sure there's too much to say, except that Moore subscribes to a Butterfly effect model of timeline divergence (as we already knew from Gettysburg). AnonMoos (talk) 19:23, 9 January 2013 (UTC)

Barbara Haggerwells
There could be something on her in the article (she's a somewhat pivotal figure who's already mentioned twice in the plot summary, though not by name). However, I'm not sure that she's a "mad scientist" in any meaningful sense. In some ways, she's the Einstein of the Jubilee timeline... AnonMoos (talk) 08:46, 8 October 2014 (UTC)

"Both parties back a one-child policy"
This wording might give an impression of much more active central government interventionism than seems to be the case in the novel. Rather, generations of economic depression have given rise to a culture of late marriage and few children. The Whig slogan "property, protection, permanent population" suggests that they're not in favor of a one-child policy... AnonMoos (talk) 11:34, 21 August 2016 (UTC)

Removal of map
[[File:Bring the Jubilee Map.PNG|thumb|right|350px|An attempt by a contributor to illustrate the alternate world of Bring the Jubilee in 1952

{{legend|#696969|Confederate States of America}} {{legend|#0000FF|United States of America}} {{legend|#00FF00|Republic of Haiti}}

{{legend|#DAA520|German Union}} {{legend|#FF0000|British Empire}} {{legend|#008000|Spanish Empire}} {{legend|#8B008B|French Empire}}

]]

I eventually removed this map from the article. Although interesting, it is too much Original research to be acceptable. There is too much contrast between the novel, which provides very few geographical precisions, and this map which is minutely precise. Although the Spanish Crown, the German Union and French Emperors are discussed in the novel, no precision, or very little (for instance that the Havana is Spanish, Chapter 15) is provided of their respective territories. For instance the assertion that « the German Union spread its hold from the Baltic to the Balkans » (which was in the article and which I have removed) appears to be a pure invention of some contributor: nothing of the sort can be found in the novel.

Even when restricted to the Americas the map is highly disputable. It seems to rely in part on assertions that were in the article without being backed by the content of the novel (and that I have now removed). The main such assertion was that the Confederacy « eventually conquered the whole of Latin America ». But the novel only mention the invasion of Mexico, that « the Confederacy expanded southward » (Ch. 5), and that Haiti was « the only American republic south of the Mason-Dixon Line » (Chapter 6): these statements in no way exclude possible territories of the Spanish Crown (or of the other powers) in South America. I also removed the bold assertion that « the Confederacy purchased Alaska from Russia »: there is no mention to that effect in the novel (in fact, Alaska is not even cited in the book). Finally the part of the British Empire called « British America » in the novel is never accompanied by territory precisions whatsoever: there is no reason to believe it is as indicated on the map.--Sapphorain (talk) 09:49, 4 July 2021 (UTC)

About Propeller Island
okay, you can explain your reasoning for the inclusion of this reference here. I believe I already made my own stance clear in the summary, but I can expand on it if you want to. I also want to add that I in no way mean this as an attack on you or the work that you do, to the contrary – I actually quoted your decision to remove the map from the article as an exemplary act off-site. --Prospero One (talk) 20:34, 27 August 2021 (UTC)
 * First of all, let me recall that the matter here is not about my inclusion of this reference, but about your removal of it. Jules Verne is a famous writer, and the novel referred to can also, and is, labelled as science fiction. So the simple fact that in it the planned annexion of South America by the US is mentioned, is I think plainly sufficient to justify a small footnote (which, besides, has been here for well over 5 years).--Sapphorain (talk) 21:05, 27 August 2021 (UTC)
 * I decided to see the exact circumstances of the addition myself, and apparently it was added by User:Andreas Kaganov in October 2011, with no reason given. He seems to have had a history of adding spurious connections between things – this and this are probably the most relevant to the matter at hand. Also something to keep in mind is that the comparison he added reflected the incorrect plot summary of BtJ, and since you already removed the incorrect information about Latin America being annexed in its entirety I don't see why there would need to be a reference to something that 1) does not occur but in one of the novels being compared and 2) even if it did, it would not be even done by the same country. I rest my case. --Prospero One (talk) 00:40, 28 August 2021 (UTC)
 * The requirement that the circumstances surrounding such a similarity in two novels should be absolutely exact in order to deserve a small footnote is, I think, excessive. --Sapphorain (talk) 07:10, 28 August 2021 (UTC)

(next related section moved from my talk page. --Sapphorain (talk) 15:33, 15 January 2022 (UTC))

What is it with the Jules Verne book?
I am quite baffled by this. Is it a thing that has been actually mentioned in a review or other reliable source somewhere that the two books share that detail? If yes, then it would probably be germaine to add a link to it/them. If not, then I am not sure if it warrants a mention to begin with. Wikipedia generally is not meant to be a place for "hey, I noticed such-and-such similarities with such-and-such things, pretty cool huh?" that users have made themselves, as far as I am aware. --85.76.103.250 (talk) 14:28, 15 January 2022 (UTC)
 * The mention of this book was added in the article more than 10 years ago. So I think it would be proper, if you think it should be removed, to reach a consensus on the talk page of the article. On the other hand I don't think it is very adequate to perform two very distinct contributions at once, and mention only one of them in the comment. --Sapphorain (talk) 14:41, 15 January 2022 (UTC)

You did not actually answer my question, so let me reiterate: has the comparison been made somewhere else, or has it not? I failed to check when the mention was added exactly or by whom, which is on me, I guess. However, to make a comparison of my own: suppose I discovered that the previous owner of my home had hidden the dead body of his pet inside an inner wall, and I then discovered it, would it be required of me that I not remove it, since it has already been there for over ten years? Also, the reason I did not mention but one of the things I did was exactly because I believed no one would _care_ that I removed the mention of Verne, because it felt so out of place, at least to me. --85.76.103.250 (talk) 14:51, 15 January 2022 (UTC)
 * The comparison made, on the one hand of the insertion of a small footnote referring to a similar fictional situation as that of the novel envisioned by a famous writer, on the other hand of the hidden dead body of a pet inside an inner wall, is sufficiently aggressive and insulting to exclude any further discussion. --Sapphorain (talk) 20:52, 15 January 2022 (UTC)

Bad comparisons seemed to be the trend in the topic at hand, so hardly anything new. But alright, if you think the comparison is not fitting, then fine. That still does not remove the fact that you still have not put forward any sort of reason why the comparison should be retained, aside from the "it has existed for a long time" non-argument. Based on this, I have decided to remove it, hopefully for the final time.

I should probably also mention that I find your conduct in dealing with this issue dubious to the extreme, and will contact site administration, or at least some impartial third party, if you continue to ignore the guidelines of what is and what is not acceptable in comparing topics on Wikipedia.

Best, --85.76.66.69 (talk) 15:38, 16 January 2022 (UTC) (Apparently my IP address changed at some point.)

I concur with Orangemike that the inclusion of the Verne footnote is prohibited original research. To compare two things in Wikipedia one must find a reliable source that compares them, to do it ourselves is original research. Orangemike has removed it and I support that edit. Policies such as NOR are the recorded consensus of the community. This inclusion was added against that consensus, without an express local consensus here to IAR, and no passage of time will imply a consensus by silence to retain it. No new consensus is, therefore, needed to remove it. But there is one, nonetheless. Regards, TransporterMan  ( TALK ) 18:59, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bring the Jubilee


text:
Archbishop's Palace

Various residences for archbishops are locally known as the Archbishop's Palace, including the following:

 * Archbishop's Palace, Perth, Australia
 * Metropolitan Palace, Lviv, Austria, also known as Archbishop's Palace
 * Archbishop's Palace of Salvador, Brazil
 * Archbishop's Palace, Nicosia, Cyprus
 * Archbishop's Palace, Prague, Czech Republic, residence of Cardinal Friedrich Prince zu Schwarzenberg
 * Kromeriz Archbishop's Palace, Czech Republic
 * Archbishop's Palace, Charing, Kent, England
 * Archbishop's Palace, Maidstone, Kent, England
 * Old Palace, Canterbury, Kent England, also known as Archbishop's Palace
 * Otford Palace, also known as Archbishop's Palace, Otford, Kent, England
 * Archbishop's Palace, in Worthing, Sussex, England
 * Archbishop's Palace, York, England
 * Archbishop's Palace, Bishopthorpe, York, England
 * Palais Rohan, Bordeaux, France, formerly the Archbishop's Palace
 * Archbishop's Palace of Paris, France
 * Archiepiscopal Palace, Rouen, France
 * Archbishop's Palace, Nicosia, Greece
 * Archbishop's Palace (Naples), Italy
 * Archbishop's Palace, Vilnius, Lithuania
 * Archbishop's Palace, Mdina, Malta
 * Archbishop's Palace, Valletta, Malta
 * Archbishop's Palace, Armagh, Northern Ireland
 * Archbishop's Palace, Trondheim, Norway
 * Archbishop's Palace of Lima, Peru
 * Palacio Arzobispal, Manila, Philippines
 * Archbishop's Palace, Braga, Portugal
 * Archbishop's Palace, Constanța, Romania
 * Summer Archbishop's Palace, Bratislava, Slovakia
 * Archbishop's Palace of Alcalá de Henares, Spain
 * Archbishop's Palace, Seville, Spain
 * Archbishop's Palace of Toledo, Spain
 * Archbishop's Palace, Uppsala, Sweden

title: Archbishop's Palace


text:
West Ada School District

The West Ada School District #2, long known as the Meridian School District, is a school district based in Meridian, Idaho. In addition to Meridian, the district operates public schools in Eagle, Star and western Boise. It is the largest school district in Idaho.

In June 2014, the district board of trustees voted to change the common name of the district, previously known as the Meridian School District, to West Ada School District. The official name, Joint School District No. 2, remains unchanged.

District information
The West Ada School District educates more than 35,000 students in 49 schools over an area of 382 sqmi. The district has grown by more than 5,000 students in the last five years. West Ada School District schools range in enrollment from 100 to over 2,000 students. School buildings vary in age with the oldest being more than 50 years old.

In Ada County the district includes:
 * All of: Avimor
 * Most of: Meridian, Eagle, Star
 * Portions of: Boise, Garden City, Kuna

The district extends into Canyon County, where it includes portions of Nampa and Star.

Governance
The district is administered by a five-member Board of Trustees elected by voters residing within the district's boundaries. Each of the five trustees represent specific geographic zones in the district. They receive no salaries or benefits and are elected to a four-year term.

History
Timeline
 * 1945 - School districts reorganized to reduce 1,082 school districts in Idaho to 301 districts.
 * 1950 - District named "Class A School District No. 2."
 * 1963 - The District’s name was officially changed to its current name, "Joint School District No. 2."
 * 2005 - Total enrollment for the district reached over 30,000.
 * 2007 - The district moved into its new offices, consolidating seven different office locations.
 * 2014 - Colloquial name changed from "Meridian School District" to "West Ada School District."

High schools
There are currently 7 high schools and 6 alternative schools in the district, five of which are classified 5A by the Idaho High School Activities Association.

Boise

 * Centennial High School - (1987)

Meridian

 * Central Academy (Alternative)
 * Idaho Fine Arts Academy
 * Meridian Academy (Alternative)
 * Meridian High School - (1904, 1975)
 * Meridian Medical Arts Charter High School - (2003) (Alternative)
 * Meridian Technical Charter High School - (1999) (Alternative)
 * Mountain View High School - (2003)
 * Owyhee High School - (2021)
 * Renaissance High School- (2009) (Alternative)
 * Rocky Mountain High School - (2008)

Eagle

 * Eagle Academy (Alternative)
 * Eagle High School - (1995)
 * North Star Public Charter School (Alternative)

Middle schools
There are currently 7 middle schools & 2 alternatives in the district.

Star

 * Star Middle School

Meridian

 * Heritage Middle School (2007)
 * Lewis & Clark Middle School
 * Meridian Middle School (1904, 1975)
 * Sawtooth Middle School
 * Victory Middle School (2016)

Boise

 * Lake Hazel Middle School (1977)
 * Lowell Scott Middle School - (1972)

Eagle

 * Eagle Middle School

Alternatives (Meridian)

 * Crossroads Middle School
 * Pathways Middle School

Elementary schools
There are currently 32 elementary schools in the district.

Eagle

 * Eagle Elementary School of the Arts
 * Eagle Hills Elementary
 * Galileo STEM Academy*
 * Seven Oaks Elementary

Star

 * Star Elementary

* Galileo STEM Academy is both a middle school and an elementary school

title: West Ada School District


text: File:Spaghetti squash prepaired.JPG

title: File:Spaghetti squash prepaired.JPG


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of Mexican sabre fencers

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Linuxbeak | Talk 22:02, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

List of Mexican sabre fencers
I'm nominating this article despite the cleanup tag. I do not think any of the fencers listed has a solid claim of notability yet. It also shows a clear bias for those fencers coached by this 'James Randall' guy. -- Rune Welsh | ταλκ | Esperanza  16:05, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete WP:ISNOT a propaganda machine, free host, and/or an indiscriminate collection of information. The individual fencers, upon achieving notability (I suppose it's arguable whether the existing claims constitute notability) could have their own articles, and the list should then be Category:Mexican sabre fencers perhaps as a subcat of Category:Mexican athletes. (Personally, I think every "List of" page worth keeping should be a category, but that's me.) --Kgf0 19:01, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Irishpeeps

dear reader, Thankyou for reading this even though i dont know how you got the name. Maybe you wanted the name, who knows. Well ill tell you a bit about my-self. I like playing sports with my kids john and sarah. i work hard and i love traveling around the world. i also have been using wikipedia for a long time and i think it is the best.

title: User:Irishpeeps


text:
Belvoir, Leicestershire

Belvoir is a village and civil parish in the Melton district of Leicestershire, England, close to the county boundary with Lincolnshire. The nearest town is Grantham, 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of the village.

History
The village's name derives from bel-vedeir meaning 'the beautiful view'.

It was the location of Belvoir Priory.

Iron ore was formerly quarried in the parish and details can be found in the articles on Knipton and Harston. The quarries were near Harston, to the south of Knipton and between Belvoir and Knipton.

In December 1936 the civil parish was enlarged by gaining the former area of Harston and Knipton parishes which were abolished.

On 1 April 1965 the parish gained 146 acres from Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire and 9 acres went the other way.

Geography
The parish includes the villages of Belvoir, Knipton and Harston. Nearby places outside the parish are Woolsthorpe by Belvoir, Redmile, and Croxton Kerrial.

The village is the site of Belvoir Castle, which "stands on a prominent spur jutting northwards" into the Vale of Belvoir.

title: Belvoir, Leicestershire


text:
User talk:Lord Melvin

User category proposed deletion
You may be interested in Categories for discussion/Log/2021 August 21. It is proposed to delete this category. SpinningSpark 16:31, 30 August 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lord Melvin


text:
Zsófia Torma

Zsófia Torma (26 September 1832 – 14 November 1899) was a Hungarian archaeologist, anthropologist and paleontologist.

Life and work
Torma was born in Csicsókeresztúr, Beszterce-Naszód County, Austria-Hungary (today Cristeștii Ciceului, Bistrița-Năsăud County, Romania). After her parents died, she moved with her sister to Szászváros, now in Romania, where she began to study the snail farms she found in Hunedoara County.

Torma was mostly self-educated. In 1875, she was encouraged by Flóris Rómer, considered by some to be the father of Hungarian archeology, to begin her own excavations of the ancient settlement of Tordos, along the Mureş river. The symbols and scripts on clay objects she found during an excavation in Hunyad County became an archaeological sensation. She also found artifacts of the 6,000- to 7,000-year-old Tordos culture, some of which were covered with Vinča symbols. According to Gizella,"Zsófia Torma was the first to discover the Neolithic culture of Tordos, drawing attention to the connection between the signs of Tordos and the Assyrian-Babylonian literacy, the penetration of Sumerian literature through Southeastern Europe. She worked in Tordos for twenty years, more than thirty years before the discovery of the carefully collected, extremely valuable finds and dissertations on them, as the Vinca-Tordos culture was only explored in 1908."Torma had severe financial problems caused by her self-funded excavations. She also struggled with archeologists in her own country, who "ridiculed and ignored her, as a woman and amateur in the field of archaeology, as well as her groundbreaking ideas and efforts." However, her finds and writings found acceptance among foreign researchers who engaged in long correspondences with her.

Her most well-known work, the Ethnographische Analogien, was published in Jena, Germany, in 1894.

Torma had an important role in the founding of the National Museum of Transylvanian History of Kolozsvár (present-day Cluj-Napoca). In her will, she left her collection of 10,387 archeological pieces to the Transylvanian National Museum's Museum of Medals and Antiquities.

On 24 May 1899, just a few months before her death, she became the first female to be named an honorary doctor at the Kolozsvári m. kir. Ferencz József Tudomány, what is today Babeș-Bolyai University.

Torma died in Szászváros (present-day Orăștie), on 14 November 1899.

title: Zsófia Torma


text:
Galera railway station

Galera is the third highest railway station in the Western Hemisphere with an elevation of 4,781 m (15,681 ft).

Overview
It is situated in the Andes in Peru at km 172.7 on the Ferrocarril Central Andino (FCCA) line from Lima to Huancayo, immediately east of the 1.2 km (6860 ft) Galera summit tunnel (4,783 m (15,694 ft) above sea level).

The standard gauge line through the station was opened in 1893. In the years 1992-2003 it was out of use as was the whole line through this point because of the terrorist threat by the group Sendero Luminoso. There are now regular monthly train services on the line, including through Galera.

Its place in the league table of the world's highest stations was surpassed by the opening in 2006 of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway's Tanggula railway station in the Tanggula Mountains, Tibet, which at 5,068 m is the world's highest railway station.

title: Galera railway station


text:
2003–04 in Argentine football

The 2003–04 Argentine First Division season saw Boca Juniors ecstatic after a title run that also included the Intercontinental Cup. River Plate stole the Clausura leaving hated rival Boca Juniors looking up from second place.

Four teams were relegated, Chacarita, Nueva Chicago, Atlético de Rafaela and Talleres de Córdoba. The first two lost a direct relegation, their places occupied by Club Almagro and Instituto de Córdoba. The last two lost their "promotion" games against Huracán de Tres Arroyos and Argentinos Juniors, respectively.

Relegation

 * There is no relegation after the Apertura. For the relegation results of this tournament see below

"Promoción" Playoff
Huracán de Tres Arroyos wins 5-3 and is promoted to Argentine First Division. Atlético Rafaela is relegated to the Argentine Nacional B. Argentinos Juniors wins 4-2 and is promoted to Argentine First Division. Talleres de Córdoba is relegated to the Argentine Nacional B.

National team
This section covers Argentina's games from August 1, 2003 to July 31, 2004.

title: 2003–04 in Argentine football


text: User talk:69.211.2.250

title: User talk:69.211.2.250


text:
Thomas van Aalten

Thomas van Aalten (born September 26, 1978) is a Dutch writer. He made his debut with a story in the literary magazine Zoetermeer, at the age of 19. Van Aalten has written the novels Sneeuwbeeld (2000), Tupelo (2001), Sluit Deuren en Ramen (2003), Coyote (2006) and De Onderbreking (2009) and several articles for magazines such as 3voor12, Passionate, VARA TV Magazine, Revu and Vrij Nederland. Van Aalten's style is characterized by absurd dialogues, creepy atmospheres and strange characters. He is a F.C. St. Pauli enthusiast and fan of rock music like Motörhead, The Sisters of Mercy. Van Aalten also often works together with Berlin-based burlesque filmmaker Edwin Brienen.

His fifth novel was a stunt; Exile appeared only on a mobile phone after sending an SMS text message. The story contained comments on the abuse of new technologies.

title: Thomas van Aalten


text:
Gilcomston Church

Gilcomston Church is an evangelical congregation, a member of the Didasko fellowship, which meets in the church buildings on Union Street, Aberdeen. The congregation was formerly part of the Church of Scotland and known as Gilcomston South Church.

Overview
The church almost closed during World War II, but a subsequent new approach proved controversial but ultimately highly influential. The church became one of the Church of Scotland's most notable evangelical congregations, with a strong emphasis on biblically based expository preaching. The Rev William Still, minister of the congregation 1945–97, developed this approach and gained international recognition. The systematic preaching of the entire bible, verse-by-verse and chapter-by-chapter, was then an innovation in the Church of Scotland; some others have subsequently copied this approach. The Rev William Still was close friends with the brothers Rev James Philip of Holyrood Abbey Church in Edinburgh and Rev George Philip of Sandyford Henderson Memorial Church in Glasgow, where similar approaches in ministry were also developed. William Still never married.

The church is well attended, especially by students responding to this distinctive type of Christian ministry and witness. From 1998 to 2015, the minister was the Rev Dominic Smart. In June 2011, Rev Dominic Smart indicated that the congregation were considering leaving the Church of Scotland due to the General Assembly's decision to move towards the ordination of homosexuals to the ministry. In February 2013 the Rev Dominic Smart announced on the church website that he was leaving the Church of Scotland. The Elders and almost the entire membership also left the Church of Scotland, and formed an independent congregation with the Minister. The congregation initially rented the church building from the Church of Scotland before purchasing it outright. As of Autumn 2016 the minister is Rev. Jeremy R H Middleton, who had been minister at Davidson's Mains Church of Scotland from 1988 until 2015.

title: Gilcomston Church


text:
Talk:Buster Merryfield

Very poor article. Little information provided about his career and his death. 1* out of 5*. VERY, VERY POOR!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.173.215.90 (talk) 23:07, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

First Name
'Buster' hid his real christian name for all his life, although it is now widely believed to be in fact 'Marmaduke' —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.147.44.26 (talk) 16:07, 18 January 2009 (UTC)

No, it was Harry, go on IMBD and type in Merryfield for the January, February and March 1921 quarter. http://www.freebmd.org.uk/cgi/search.pl and his name is listed as Harry. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.38.18.89 (talk) 23:06, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Go to IMDB http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0581467/bio - it says MARMADUKE.

Also, this FreeBMD lists your Harry Merryfield as born in March 1921 - clearly a different person. Births Mar 1921 Merryfield 	Harry 	Stone 	Wandsworth 	1d 	938 	denny

The FreeBMD doesn't seem very complete, also it is Wiki-esque where people can add stuff themselves, hardly good for accuracy. Try searching for your own details. I couldn't find myself or any of my family in there.

 * I just realised, when adding Marmaduke to the main article, that the person who added 'Harry' did so using the FREEBMD as a reference !!

When not only do they have different dates of birth, they also have different PLACES of birth - Wandsworth (Harry Merryfield) as opposed to Battersea (Buster Merryfield). I know people sometimes knock the IMDB, but at least it's entries have to be passed by an editor / legal team before being entered.

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 2 one external links on Buster Merryfield. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20060518051632/http://www.wokingdramafestival.org.uk:80/Awards/A_Bruzaud.htm to http://www.wokingdramafestival.org.uk/Awards/A_Bruzaud.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20060518051806/http://www.wokingdramafestival.org.uk:80/Awards/A_BestActor.htm to http://www.wokingdramafestival.org.uk/Awards/A_BestActor.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 14:14, 9 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Buster Merryfield


text:
Melton and Belvoir Rural District

Melton and Belvoir Rural District was a rural district of Leicestershire, England, from 1935 to 1974.

It was formed on 1 April 1935 from the merger of the Melton Mowbray Rural District and the Belvoir Rural District, with part going to Melton Mowbray urban district also.

On 1 April 1936 there was a significant reorganisation of parishes.

In 1955 the council bought Warwick Lodge on Dalby Road in Melton Mowbray to serve as its headquarters. The building had been built in 1908 as a large house.

21 acres of Broughton and Old Dalby were transferred to Upper Broughton in Bingham Rural District, Nottinghamshire, on 1 April 1965.

In 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972 the district merged with the Melton urban district to form the new non-metropolitan district of Melton.

title: Melton and Belvoir Rural District


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/All About Skyscrapers

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Linuxbeak | Talk 00:27, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

All About Skyscrapers
Non-notable organization/website. Google search for the phrase "all about skyscrapers" produces about 300 hits (not all of which are related to this organization/website), and with regard to the website linked from the article, http://allaboutskyscrapers.com has an Alexa ranking of about 2,601,000. Delete. Joel7687 16:09, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete No evidence of notability.--Isotope23 17:15, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, Article has potential, so keep and add Clean-up tag. - Bwfc 12:35, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Concrete sheep

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Linuxbeak | Talk 22:02, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Concrete sheep
Article describes a band that, by its own profession, does not yet exist. There exists no emoticon that can properly describe the extent to which this does not meet WP:MUSIC. C HAIRBOY (☎) 16:09, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. C HAIRBOY (☎) 16:09, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Can't we jsut Delete anything that refers to a MySpace page???? The Land 16:13, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree this page needs to be deleted. - Unsigned by 195.93.21.101
 * Delete and here is my prediction that they never exist outside of MySpace.--Isotope23 17:16, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom & WP:VAIN --Kgf0 18:51, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.