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Typographic alignment

In typesetting and page layout, alignment or range is the setting of text flow or image placement relative to a page, column (measure), table cell, or tab (and often to an image above it or under it).

The type alignment setting is sometimes referred to as text alignment, text justification, or type justification. The edge of a page or column is known as a margin, and a gap between columns is known as a gutter.

Basic variations
There are four basic typographic alignments: Alignment does not change the direction in which text is read; however, text direction may determine the most commonly used alignment for that script.
 * flush left—the text is aligned along the left margin or gutter, also known as left-aligned, ragged right or ranged left;
 * flush right—the text is aligned along the right margin or gutter, also known as right-aligned, ragged left or ranged right;
 * justified—text is aligned along the left margin, with letter-spacing and word-spacing adjusted so that the text falls flush with both margins, also known as fully justified or full justification;
 * centered—text is aligned to neither the left nor right margin; there is an even gap on each side of each line.

Flush left
In English and most European languages where words are read left-to-right, text is usually aligned "flush left", meaning that the text of a paragraph is aligned on the left-hand side with the right-hand side ragged. This is the default style of text alignment on the World Wide Web for left-to-right text. Quotations are often indented. Flush left might also be used in very narrow columns, where full justification would produce too much whitespace between characters or words on some lines.

The phrase "left alignment" is often used when the left side of text is aligned along a visible or invisible vertical line which may or may not coincide with the left margin. For example, if a paragraph that is flush left were indented from the left, it would no longer be flush left, but it would still be left aligned.

Flush right
In other languages that read text right-to-left, such as Persian, Arabic and Hebrew, text is commonly aligned "flush right". Additionally, flush-right alignment is used to set off special text in English, such as attributions to authors of quotes printed in books and magazines, or text associated with an image to its right. Flush right is often used when formatting tables of data. It is used to align text to the right margin; in this case, the left ends will be unequal.

The term "right alignment" is frequently used when the right side of text is aligned along a visible or invisible vertical line which may or may not coincide with the right margin. For example, if a paragraph that is flush right were indented from the right, it would no longer be flush right, but it would still be right aligned.

Justified
A common type of text alignment in print media is "justification", where the spaces between words and between glyphs or letters are stretched or compressed in order to align both the left and right ends of consecutive lines of text. When using justification, it is customary to treat the last line of a paragraph separately by simply left or right aligning it, depending on the language direction. Lines in which the spaces have been stretched beyond their normal width are called loose lines, while those whose spaces have been compressed are called tight lines.

Centered
Text can also be "centered", or symmetrically aligned along an axis in the middle of a column. This is often used for the title of a work, headlines, and for poems and songs. As with flush-right alignment, centered text is often used to present data in tables. Centered text is considered less readable for a body of text made up of multiple lines because the ragged starting edges make it difficult for the reader to track from one line to the next.

Centered text can also be commonly found on signs, flyers, and similar documents where grabbing the attention of the reader is the main focus, or visual appearance is important and the overall amount of centered text is small.

Some modern typesetting programs offer four justification options: left justify, right justify, center justify and full justify. These variants respectively specify whether the full lines of a paragraph are aligned on the left or the right, centered (edges not aligned), or fully justified (spread over the whole column width). In programs that do not offer multiple kinds of justification, typically only left (for left-to-right languages) or right (for right-to-left languages) justification is provided.

Examples
The following table displays the difference between a justified (flush left and flush right) and a flush left (and ragged right) text.

Problems with justification
Justification sometimes leads to typographic anomalies. One example: when justification is used in narrow columns, extremely large spaces may appear between words on lines with only two or three words.

Another example: when the spaces between words line up approximately above one another in several loose lines, a distracting river of white space may appear. Rivers appear in right-aligned, left-aligned and centered settings too, but are more likely to appear in justified text, because of the additional word spacing. Since there is no added white space built into a typical full stop (period), other than that above the full stop itself, full stops contribute to the river effect in a limited way.

At one time, common word-processing software adjusted only the spacing between words, which was a source of the river problem. Modern word processing packages and professional publishing software significantly reduce the river effect by adjusting also the spacing between characters. Additionally, these systems use advanced digital typography techniques such as automatically choosing among different glyphs for the same character and slightly stretching or shrinking the character in order to better fill the line. The technique of glyph scaling or microtypography has been implemented by Adobe InDesign and more recent versions of pdfTeX.

The problem of loose lines is reduced by using hyphenation. With older typesetting systems and WYSIWYG word processors, this was done manually: the compositor or author added hyphenation on a case-by-case basis. Currently, most typesetting systems (also called layout programs) and modern word processors hyphenate automatically, using a hyphenation algorithm. In addition, professional typesetting programs almost always provide for the use of an exception dictionary, in part because no algorithm hyphenates all words correctly, and in part because different publishers will follow different dictionaries. Different publishers may also have different rules about permissible hyphenation. Most publishers follow a basic system such as the Chicago Manual of Style or Oxford style, but will overlay their own "house style", which further restricts permissible hyphenation.

Word-processing software usually uses a different kind of justification when dealing with Arabic texts. Using kashida, characters or glyphs are elongated instead of stretching the white spaces. Another technique sometimes used is word heaping.

History
Justification has been the preferred setting of type in many Western languages through the history of movable type. This is due to the classic Western manuscript book page being built of a column or two columns, which is considered to look "best" if it is even-margined on the left and right. The classical Western column did not rigorously justify, but came as close as feasible when the skill of the penman and the character of the manuscript permitted. Historically, both scribal and typesetting traditions took advantage of abbreviations (sigla), ligatures, and swashes to help maintain the rhythm and colour of a justified line.

Its use has only waned somewhat since the early 20th century through the advocacy of the typographer Jan Tschichold's book Asymmetric Typography and the freer typographic treatment of the Bauhaus, Dada, and Russian constructivist movements.

Not all "flush left" settings in traditional typography were identical. In flush left text, words are separated on a line by the default word space built into the font.

Continuous casting typesetting systems such as the Linotype were able to reduce the jaggedness of the right-hand sides of adjacent lines of flush left composition by inserting self-adjusting space bands between words to evenly distribute white space, taking excessive space that would have occurred at the end of the line and redistributing it between words. This feature is also available in desktop publishing systems, although most now default to more sophisticated approaches.

Graphic designers and typesetters using desktop systems also have the option to adjust word and letter spacing, or "tracking", on a manual line-by-line basis to achieve more even overall spacing. Some modern desktop publishing programs, such as Adobe InDesign, evaluate the effects of all the different possible line-break choices on the entire paragraph, to choose the one that creates the least variance from the ideal spacing while justifying the lines (so as to reduce rivers); this also gives the least uneven edge when set with a ragged margin.

title: Typographic alignment


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Idle and Thackley

Idle and Thackley is a ward within the City of Bradford Metropolitan District Council in the county of West Yorkshire, England, named after the villages of Idle and Thackley around which it is drawn. The population of 14,541 according to the 2001 UK census had increased at the 2011 Census to 16,135.

As well as the villages of Idle and Thackley, the ward includes the villages of Apperley Bridge, Greengates, a small part of the Thorpe Edge housing estate, and a part of Little London near Rawdon.

Councillors
Idle and Thackley electoral ward is represented on Bradford Council by three Liberal Democrat councillors, Dominic Fear, Jeanette Sunderland and Alun Griffiths.

indicates seat up for re-election.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Idle and Thackley


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The God Squad

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 09:09, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

The God Squad
Apparent hoax. I am unable to verify anything about this. Searching on "The God Squad" +"" turns up nothing.-- GraemeL (talk) 14:08, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Non-existent group with squatted web page. Andrew pmk | Talk 19:24, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Good search engine key string. Too small a result. Gtabary 22:58, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I can think of a few potential cantidates for an article under this name, but the existing content is unrelated.  --Apyule 07:40, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Saberwyn 22:33, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Leave These people are important characters form a story written in a town in South Dakota, many children there are reading about them and writing essays and need this resource for their school work. (preceding unsigned comment by )
 * Delete as sockpuppet-supported hoax. Same IP is being a naughty little boy or girl right about now with a couple of other questionable contribs. - Lucky 6.9 23:19, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Category:Martina McBride songs

Songs recorded by Martina McBride.

title: Category:Martina McBride songs


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Talk:Port Adelaide

Town Twinning
I saw that this was added, then reverted. If it's true, I think it's interesting and should be kept in. I've never heard of it before though, so is there a way it be confirmed? The Malmö page seems to link to Port Adelaide as a "co-operation city".-Luke Roberts 09:18, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
 * "Port Adelaide has town twinning treaty with Malmö, Sweden."
 * After a quick look, Port Adelaide is a sister-city of Plano, Texas, according to Sister Cities International. Haven't found anything for Malmö, yet. -Luke Roberts 09:26, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Looks like the official Malmö site confirms it here
 * Wait, all this is on the City of Port Adelaide Enfield page :P silly me.

External links modified
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title: Talk:Port Adelaide


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Mount Woollard

Mount Woollard (°N, °W) is a mountain (2,675 m) nearly 240 km (150 mi) west of the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, in Antarctica. It was discovered by the Marie Byrd Land Traverse Party (1957–58), and named for George P. Woollard, a member of the Technical Panel on Seismology and Gravity for the U.S. National Committee for the IGY, and a trainer of numerous Antarctic geophysicists.

Mount Woollard is an isolated mountain, with only Mount Moore (-80.41667°N, -97.75°W) 8 miles to the north.

title: Mount Woollard


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The 1001: A Nature Trust

The 1001: A Nature Trust, the contributors to which are sometimes referred to as the 1001 Club, is a financial endowment that helps fund the World Wide Fund for Nature. It was established in 1970 by the then-head of the WWF, Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, with help from Anton Rupert, a South African entrepreneur.

Foundation
According to the WWF, in 1970, the then- and first president of WWF International, Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands, launched an initiative that was to provide WWF with a solid financial base. WWF set up a US$10 million fund, known as "The 1001: A Nature Trust". When WWF was seeking to raise the US$10 million Anton Rupert proposed to Prince Bernhard the idea of finding a thousand individuals to make contributions of $10,000 each. Together with Rupert Prince Bernhard developed the concept of the 1001 Club in 1970 to help WWF cover it overheads costs.

Rupert, a lifelong friend of Prince Bernhard, was generally regarded as South Africa's leading Afrikaner businessman, the founder and chairman of the Rembrandt tobacco company, the head of Rothmans International, and one of the richest men in South Africa. In the earlier part of his career, Rupert was closely associated with the Afrikaner Broederbond, the Afrikaner nationalist secret society. At the suggestion of Prince Bernhard (in 1968) to found a South African national branch of the WWF, Rupert set up the South African chapter of the WWF, the Southern African Nature Foundation, of which he became the president, persuading South African businessmen to join its board of trustees. Rupert also served as a trustee of WWF International for 22 years, until 1990, in spite of a provision in the organisation's original incorporation documents that limited members to two three-year terms. So influential did Rupert become in the inner circles of the WWF, that he was able to provide the organisation with the director general of its international headquarters in Switzerland. In or shortly before 1971, while Prince Bernhard was still the president of WWF International, Rupert suggested providing Prince Bernhard with a personal assistant, seconded to work at WWF International headquarters while his salary was still paid by his parent company. Rupert proposed the services of Charles de Haes, an executive of Rupert's Rothmans International company. In 1971 de Haes was commissioned to work alongside Prince Bernhard in order to establish a permanent endowment for WWF International and reach the operations's $10 million goal. De Haes carried out this assignment successfully in the early 1970s and was appointed joint director General of WWF-International in 1975 and then sole director in general in 1977 or 1978, a post he occupied until 1993.

According to the WWF, "since establishing The 1001, WWF International has been able to use interest from the trust fund to help meet its basic administration costs". The establishment of a permanent endowment for WWF International aimed at permitting the international headquarters of the WWF to be financially independent of its national sections. The funds raised through the 1001 Club would enable the WWF's international headquarters to assure potential donors that their money would not be used for headquarters' administrative expenses, since these were already largely assured by the endowment. As one of its consequences this arrangement made WWF International financially independent of the national WWF sections worldwide.

Composition
Membership of the 1001 Club is confidential. WWF refuses to give information about the members of the club. In a series of articles in the British magazine Private Eye details of some of the members were anonymously published in 1980 and 1981. A copy of the membership list of the 1001 Club for 1987 in the possession of the historian Stephen Ellis confirmed many of the published allegations. Names of the members "that have slipped out over the years include Baron von Thyssen, Fiat boss Gianni Agnelli, and Henry Ford, as well as politicians such as Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaire, the former president of the International Olympic Committee Juan Samaranch, and beer baron Alfred Heineken".

The British journalist Kevin Dowling — who made a documentary on ivory poaching that had the support of WWF but who later fell out with the organisation over Operation Lock — discovered two lists, one for 1978 and one for 1987 which suggest that some cross-fertilisation between the various networks in which Prince Bernhard was involved took place and contributed to finding suitable candidates for the 1001 Club.

Many of the 1001 Club members were from the banking sector, other business sectors, intelligence, and the military, or were heads of state. A number of the 1001 Club members were part of the South African business sector, which was the subject of international sanctions during apartheid. Therefore, particular linkages existed between parts of the global elite network and wildlife conservation through the presidency of Prince Bernhard of WWF International as well as explicit links of WWF International to South Africa in the field of environmental philanthropy.

Prince Bernhard himself was member number 1001 of the 1001 Club.

Criticisms
In his book At the Hand of Man: Peril and Hope for Africa's Wildlife Raymond Bonner criticized the WWF on charges of neocolonialist methods. In her review of his book, Ann O'Hanlon of the Washington Monthly, who called Bonner's charges a "thorough indictment of WWF", wrote: "The secret list of members includes a disproportionate percentage of South Africans, all too happy in an era of social banishment to be welcomed into a socially elite society. Other contributors include businessmen with suspect connections, including organized crime, environmentally destructive development, and corrupt African politics. Even an internal report called WWF's approach egocentric and neocolonialist. (The report was largely covered up.)"

According to Stephen Ellis, who sought to demonstrate the influence of the white South Africa lobby in the financing of WWF International, most known members of the 1001 Club were "people of irreproachable integrity, although members of the 1001 Club include a small number of disreputable individuals such as President Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaire and Agha Hasan Abedi, former president of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International, responsible for the biggest fraud in world financial history." Both Mobutu and Abedi were members of the 1001 Club known for the year 1987 at least. Ellis and Gerrie ter Haar (2004) described the WWF's 1001 Club as "an association where European royalty rubs shoulders with leading industrials but also with some distinctly dubious figures from the worlds of grand corruption and secret intelligence". According to them the ostensibly non-political body WWF gave access to elite connections of a type, that means that "membership of elite international networks and societies" enabled African leaders "to link global elites in a discretion they find congenial" as witnessed by President Mobutu's 1001 Club membership. In this context Ellis and ter Haar regard as key attraction of secret societies that "membership provides opportunities for doing political deals unobserved by the mass of the population and for forming bonds of solidarity that go beyond the ordinary" and state that "secrecy binds people together".

Ellis also stressed, that "the identities of the 1,001 members of the 1001 Club reflect quite closely Bernhard's own circle of acquaintances". According to Ellis they also revealed "the influence of leading South African personalities". The available 1987 membership list included at least 60 South Africans including prominent members of the Afrikaner Broederbond, who were at the top of companies which had depended on the patronage of the Broederbond, such as Johannes Hurter (chairman of Volkskas), Etienne Rousseau (chairman of the Federale mining and industrial group), and Pepler Scholtz (former managing director of the Sanlam financial group). The 1001 Club was particularly popular with South African business executives during apartheid, allowing them to network and do business internationally while bypassing international sanctions. At least three South African 1001 Club members had been implicated in the Muldergate Scandal in South Africa, wherein it was revealed that the Pretoria government had used secret service funds to buy control of newspapers. One of them, Louis Luyt, who played a prominent part in the scandal, was a former business partner of Anton Rupert.

Conspiracy theories
The 1001 Club has given rise to various "conspiracy theories" in books and internet forums, possibly promoted by the lack of publicly available membership lists and information about the 1001 Club's meetings. Ramutsindela et al. (2011) emphasize in this context, that "one of the biggest dangers in writing about the type of elite networks and initiatives is that readers may accuse the authors of creating, participating or contributing to conspiracy theories".

title: The 1001: A Nature Trust


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Mount Moore

Mount Moore (-80.41667°N, -97.75°W) is an isolated quartzitic mountain mass that rises 305 m above the snow surface of western Antarctica. With only Mount Woollard nearby, 8 nautical miles (15 km) to the south, it stands about 150 nautical miles (280 km) west of the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains. It was discovered by the Marie Byrd Land Traverse Party on 4 February 1958 and is named after Lieutenant John P. Moore, U.S. Navy Reserve, a helicopter pilot aboard the USS Atka, who died in a helicopter crash near Kainan Bay in January 1955.

title: Mount Moore


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Adbrowsing

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 09:11, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Adbrowsing
This article is an orphaned, self-promotional, non-notable neologism for the practice of following ad links.. which strikes me as rather dubious advice at that, promises of "serendipity" notwithstanding. MC MasterChef 14:11, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 16:11, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Why would anyone do this? Andrew pmk | Talk 19:26, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Category:Massive Attack songs

title: Category:Massive Attack songs


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Martiros Saryan

Martiros Saryan (Մարտիրոս Սարյան; Мартиро́с Сарья́н; 28 February 1880 – 5 May 1972) was an Armenian painter, the founder of a modern Armenian national school of painting. He was one of the members of the art association ‘The Four Arts’, which existed in Moscow and Leningrad in 1924-1931.

Biography
He was born into an Armenian family in Nakhichevan-on-Don (now part of Rostov-on-Don, Russia). In 1895 at the age of 15, he completed the Nakhichevan school and from 1897 to 1904 studied at the Moscow School of Arts, including in the workshops of Valentin Serov and Konstantin Korovin. He was heavily influenced by the work of Paul Gauguin and Henri Matisse. He exhibited his works in various shows. He had works shown at the Blue Rose Exhibit in Moscow. He first visited Armenia, then part of the Russian Empire, in 1901, visiting Lori, Shirak, Echmiadzin, Haghpat, Sanahin, Yerevan and Sevan. He composed his first landscapes depicting Armenia: Makravank, 1902; Aragats, 1902; ''Buffalo. Sevan, 1903; Evening in the Garden, 1903; In the Armenian village'', 1903, etc., which were highly praised in the Moscow press.

From 1910 to 1913 he traveled extensively in Turkey, Egypt and Iran. In 1915, he went to Echmiadzin to help refugees who had fled from the Armenian genocide in the Ottoman Empire. In 1916, he traveled to Tiflis (now Tbilisi) where he married Lusik Agayan. It was there that he helped organise the Society of Armenian Artists.

Following the Bolshevik seizure of power in 1917, he went with his family to live in Russia. In 1921, they moved to Armenia. While most of his work reflected the Armenian landscape, he also designed the coat of arms for the Armenian SSR and designed the curtain for the first Armenian state theatre. He also made a proposal for the flag of this independent Armenia based on the colours and designs of traditional Armenian fabrics and carpets, although his design was rejected.

From 1926 to 1928 he lived and worked in Paris, but most works from this period were destroyed in a fire on board the boat on which he returned to the Soviet Union. From 1928 until his death, Saryan lived in Soviet Armenia.

In the difficult years of the 1930s, he mainly devoted himself again to landscape painting, as well as portraits. He also was chosen as a deputy to the USSR Supreme Soviet and was awarded the Order of Lenin three times and other awards and medals. He was a member of the USSR Art Academy (1974) and Armenian Academy of Sciences (1956).

Saryan died in Yerevan on 5 May 1972. His former home in Yerevan is now a museum dedicated to his work with hundreds of items on display. He was buried in Yerevan at the Pantheon next to Komitas Vardapet.

His son Ghazaros (Lazarus) Saryan was a composer and educator. His great-granddaughter Mariam Petrosyan is also a painter, as well as a cartoonist and award-winning novelist.

title: Martiros Saryan


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Setanta Ó hAilpín

Setanta Ó hAilpín (born 18 March 1983) is a Fijian-Irish sportsman. He played hurling at senior level for the Cork county team before becoming a professional Australian rules footballer. Ó hAilpín is of mixed Irish and Rotuman background. His brothers Seán Óg, Teu and Aisake are also noted sportsmen.

Early life and Gaelic games
Ó hAilpín was born in Australia to an Irish father and a mother from the Fijian dependency of Rotuma. The family moved to Cork in Ireland in 1988 and Ó hAilpín played both hurling and Gaelic football for Na Piarsaigh, eventually concentrating on hurling. In 2000, he was selected for the Cork minor team. He studied at Waterford Institute of Technology and starred on its Fitzgibbon Cup-winning side in March 2003.

Ó hAilpín joined his elder brother, Seán Óg, on the Cork county team for the 2003 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, with the team losing the final to Kilkenny that September. His contribution to the campaign earned him an All-Star award and the Young Hurler of the Year award.

In December 2003, Ó hAilpín announced his move to Australia to play Australian rules football for the Carlton Football Club in Melbourne. This was considered surprising, as AFL recruiters in Ireland primarily targeted Gaelic footballers and Ó hAilpín had concentrated on hurling. Younger brother Aisake followed Setanta to Carlton, while elder brother Seán Óg continued with the Cork hurlers.

Ó hAilpín returned to Ireland in 2004 to play for the Irish team against Australia in the 2004 International Rules Series. During his trip, he also turned out alongside his brothers for Na Piarsaigh as they won the Cork Senior Hurling Championship.

Carlton
Originally placed on the rookie list, strong performances for Carlton's, the Northern Bullants, saw Ó hAilpín elevated to the primary list in place of Anthony Franchina during 2004; however, injury stunted his progress during that season. He made his AFL debut during 2005, but had limited game time, scoring a goal with his only kick – a set shot at the very end of the game. Ó hAilpín was placed on Carlton's senior list in 2006. After playing largely in the forward line for the first years of his development, he was shifted to half-back in early 2006. He gained regular senior selection late in the season, going on to play in the final ten games of the season.

Ó hAilpín began the 2007 season playing at full-back, playing the first six games there. An injury to Cameron Cloke then saw Ó hAilpín replacing him as a back-up ruckman. He was also rotated forward from the ruck position, making him versatile. In June 2007, he exchanged punches with teammate Cain Ackland in a training match. The event drew some media attention, however the club at the time brushed the incident off.

Ó hAilpín became a crowd favourite among Carlton fans. His nickname, "Carlos", is derived from the similarity between "Setanta" and "Santana", the surname of the Mexican-American guitarist Carlos Santana. "Setanta" was the birth-name of Cúchulainn, hero of the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology.

On 6 February 2009, Ó hAilpín was suspended indefinitely by the Carlton Football Club for his involvement in a violent altercation with teammate Cameron Cloke in an internal trial match. His actions were scrutinised by the AFL's match review panel on 9 February and he faced being forced into anger management counselling. On 9 February 2009, Ó hAilpín was suspended for four weeks by the AFL tribunal after being charged with a level four offence for striking Cloke and a level two offence for kicking him. He came close to returning to Ireland.

Ó hAilpín was back in the side in Round 5 for the Blues' game with the Western Bulldogs. In Carlton's Round 11 clash with Brisbane at the Gabba, Ó hAilpín played his 50th AFL game, the third Irishman to achieve the milestone. He kicked a goal and set up Brendan Fevola for one as the Blues won by six points. Ó hAilpín played one of his best games against the unbeaten Saints on Round 12 clash. He kicked a vital final quarter goal and set-up another to Brendan Fevola. Ó hAilpín's match performances only got better and, for the first time ever, he kicked four goals in a game against Fremantle in which the Blues came from behind at three quarter time to score an important win.

Before the game that would have seen Ó hAilpín play his first AFL final, he was dropped by the Carlton selection committee before the elimination final against Brisbane.

Following the departure of Fevola in the 2009/10 offseason, Ó hAilpín became the regular full forward/half forward in the Carlton line-up. He began to average over two goals per game, and on 2 May 2010 he kicked a career high five goals, becoming the first Irish player to do so.

During the AFL Trade Week at the end of 2010, Ó hAilpín was linked with a move to the Western Bulldogs after apparently being unhappy at being dropped from the Blues' side midway through the season and never getting back in. He played eight matches in 2011, including two finals, but was delisted at the end of the season; Carlton indicated that it would have preferred to have kept him on the list, but was forced to delist one more of its out-of-contract players due to league requirements that clubs make three changes to their primary list each season.

Greater Western Sydney
In the following offseason, Ó hAilpín was recruited to the inaugural AFL playing list of the Greater Western Sydney Giants, the club using its fifth round selection in the 2011 AFL National Draft (No. 79 overall) to recruit him. He played his first match for Greater Western Sydney in Round 6, 2012, against his former team Carlton, kicking two goals before rupturing his anterior cruciate ligament in the third quarter of the game. He kicked five goals on his comeback from this injury in Round 4 of the 2013 season against Melbourne. Ó hAilpín was delisted by the Giants at the end of the 2013 season after playing seven games for the club. In December 2013, he was appointed by NSW/ACT, the governing body of Australian rules football in New South Wales, as the "Multicultural Program Coordinator" for Western Sydney.

Albury
Since 2014, Ó hAilpín has played for Albury in the Ovens & Murray Football League, alongside brother Aisake; he was the O&M's leading goalkicker in 2014, kicking 103 goals in the home-and-away season, and was part of the club's premiership winning teams in 2014 and 2015.

Business
In 2017, Ó hAilpín bought a small coffee shop in Heathmont, Victoria, where he and his mother work. In 2019, their shop – "The Irish Butterbiscuit" – won an award for the third-most popular scone (non-jam category) for southern Victoria.

title: Setanta Ó hAilpín


text:
Talk:List of eroge

Request/idea
Wouldn't a table be more useful than a list? Possible columns: release date, publisher/developer, original name in japanse, english/romaji name, etc. Thanks. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 181.46.238.134 (talk) 18:39, 5 August 2013 (UTC)

Name
Shouldn't this article be called "List of Hentai games"? The current title ("List of H games") isn't really meaningful. Peter S. 14:13, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Sure it is. We all know what it means. :P --24.130.46.188 09:44, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

Redundancy
You have to wonder what the point to this list is when there is already a category, or vice versa. 203.217.22.128 03:12, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

Suggestion
To make this list rather less redundant, wouldn't it be a good idea to mention which platform the games are released on? List them by platform. After all, I came to this list to look up some games for particular platforms. (I'm involved in a bet to see who can come up with the most obscure console game and I believe the only way to win that bet is to find a hentai game). Wolf ODonnell 21:15, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

I agree and think the list would be more useful with also the year the game was released, the original producer and the distributor of each game. With these informations the player would choose to buy a game based on platform and the year it came up to the stores. Magno.naval (talk) 19:30, 29 March 2009 (UTC)

Wrong links?
Somehow Suigetsu refers to Naruto Character.. not to any game.--SayaMan 21:21, 26 October 2007 (UTC)

redlinks
this list has too many red links without references. lists on WP should link to subjects notable enough to either already have an article written about them, or a section of an article. if they dont, they should be notable enough that an article is likely to be written in the near future. excess redlinks may mean the list is being used as a lookup for items in a subject area, for people to then go to the web with the item name. thats not what WP is for. I would recommend that anybody adding a red link should indicate notability, with a website, review, description, etc. it should also be listed in the requested article section (wikipedia: requested articles). I will probably take out most of the redlinks, but if others are working on this list, maybe they can provide some more info on at least some of the redlinks. Mercurywoodrose (talk) 22:25, 27 June 2009 (UTC)
 * I removed most of the redlinks. i added a few links around black titles in case an article had been written. i did not search WP for alternate spellings and formatting of names. some "series" i left, or shrunk the brackets to not include the word "series", and added links to, in case articles exist for these that i could easily link to (i dont think any showed up, but i tried in good faith). If there are article written for these games i omitted, they can be added back easily. i added reminder tags to only add notable games here, which is standard operating procedure for most lists.Mercurywoodrose (talk) 17:25, 20 September 2009 (UTC)

Im back
Since i cleaned up this list, a number of IP's added massive numbers of unlinked games. ive removed them, and restored some hidden text warnings. again, if i removed a game that is notable, or has a WP article, its easy to add back with refs or linkings. Dont add nonotable games, they will be removed.Mercurywoodrose (talk) 06:01, 24 April 2010 (UTC)

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title: Talk:List of eroge


text: Category:Y Kant Tori Read songs

title: Category:Y Kant Tori Read songs


text:
European buffalo

European buffalo may refer to:

 * Aurochs, the wild ancestor of domestic cattle
 * European bison or wisent
 * Bubalus murrensis, an extinct species of water buffalo that occupied riverine habitats in Europe in the Pleistocene

title: European buffalo


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Anagosity

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 09:12, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Anagosity
Neologism. Google says 91. --Cel e stianpower hablamé 14:16, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. Andrew pmk | Talk 19:23, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Gtabary 22:57, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Rolladen-Schneider LS6

The Rolladen-Schneider LS6 is a 15 metre and 18 metre single-seat flapped glider manufactured by Rolladen-Schneider Flugzeugbau GmbH between 1984 and 2003.

Development
The prototype of the LS6, successor to the LS3 in the FAI 15 metre Class, made its first flight in 1983. Having entered production one year later, the LS6 had an uncommonly long production run ended by Rolladen-Schneider's entry into receivership in 2003. A total of 375 of all versions were built.

A watershed design, the LS6 introduced carbon reinforced plastic as a structural material in LS-gliders, thin profiles for wings and empennage, wing extensions and other features that have been retained in all subsequent types developed by the company. The Akaflieg Darmstadt D41, the LS9 and the Akaflieg Köln LS11 all have wings built in the LS6 moulds.

Bettering the record of the LS4 in the Standard Class, the LS6 dominated the 15 metre Class over nearly a decade, winning the first two places at the 1985 World Gliding Championships at Rieti in Italy, the first three places at the 1987 Worlds at Benalla in Australia, the first four places in the 1991 World Championships at Uvalde in the United States and the first two places in the 1993 World Championships at Borlänge in Sweden.

The type consolidated Rolladen-Schneider's reputation for well rounded, easy to fly gliders that do well in any conditions, being known for its superb handling, tolerance of piloting technique and environment (turbulence, rain, contamination by insects) as well as for good glide ratios over a wide speed range.

The LS6 is succeeded by the LS10, to be produced by DG Flugzeugbau GmbH.

Aerodynamics
The designer Wolf Lemke decided to retain the wing area of the LS3 but with a double trapezoid wing plan approaching the ideal elliptical shape. A new profile with higher speed potential was selected, the FX 81-K-130 developed in 1981 by University of Stuttgart aerodynamicist Professor Franz Wortmann. Albeit having a thickness-to-chord ratio of only 13%, this conservative profile has a remarkably benign behaviour that pays handsomely in terms of ease of handling and tolerance to environmental conditions. A slightly thicker version of this profile was developed with Prof. Wortmann for the outer wing, assuring healthy stall characteristics without requiring any washout. Profiles of the same family were selected for the slender, wide-span horizontal stabiliser.

A new fuselage, shorter and slimmer than that of the LS3 and LS4, was developed for the LS6. This fuselage and its horizontal stabiliser have been used, with minor modification, for all subsequent LS designs up to the LS10.

Construction
The slender wings required the use of a carbon reinforced main spar for structural feasibility. The horizontal stabiliser is a spareless carbon sandwich shell. The full-span flaperons are divided into six segments and built as aramid / foam sandwiches allowing a very light and rigid construction. Fairings on the upper wing surface accommodate the tall flaperon bellcranks. The elevator is a carbon / aramid shell except for the LS6-a that employed an Aramid / corrugated paper construction. The fuselage is built as a single shell of glass-reinforced plastic, except in the area of the cockpit that is a double shell for passive safety. A safety cockpit was developed for the -c variant with additional glass, carbon and aramid reinforcements, following crash tests carried out in-house by Wolf Lemke anticipating later TÜV Rheinland crashworthiness recommendations.

The wing-flaperon gaps were originally sealed by internal Teflon S seals on the top side and by thin metal strip seals sliding over Teflon on the bottom side. PET film seals later became standard on both surfaces. The original water ballast system had four interconnected and unvented ballast bags with a total capacity of 140 litres, with a central valve and a single dumping orifice under the fuselage.

Variants

 * LS6:Initial production version.
 * LS6-a:with a new construction for the elevator employing an aramid / corrugated paper sandwich, and a modified ballasting system, namely larger water ballast bags and an optional tank in the vertical fin for center of gravity corrections.
 * LS6-b:(1987) introduced a lighter and stronger construction for the wing shells employing a glass, foam and carbon sandwich. A ballast system with independent valves in each wing was offered as an option. The LS6-b and all subsequent versions reverted to the original carbon / aramid elevator.
 * LS6-c:major redesign, the most important novelty being the interchangeable wing tips allowing a span extension to 17.5 metres. This longer span required a larger rudder, increasing the overall length by eighteen centimetres. Concurrently, the cockpit was reinforced for increased crash safety and the allowable weight of non-lifting parts was increased. At the same time the control and ballast systems were brought up to a new standard shared with the LS7: fully automatic control hook-ups, a mass-balanced flaperon drive system (previous versions having anti-flutter dampers), airbrake locks relocated in the wings, a trigger-activated trim system in place of the trim wheel, a new ballast system that did away with plumbing inside the fuselage and Mylar seals for all control surfaces.
 * LS6-c18:reduction in ballast capacity to 100 litres to accommodate the 18 metre wing extensions with winglets and an increase in maximum speed up to 280 km/h.
 * LS6-18w:further convergence with the LS8: winglets for the 15 metre span and stronger spars allowing an increase in ballast capacity to 140 litres.

title: Rolladen-Schneider LS6


text: User talk:80.5.233.219

title: User talk:80.5.233.219


text:
User talk:RobStreatham

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Where to ask a question or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

I've been working through many of your Tasmanian premiers giving them tighter category and stub templates. You might find extra info for a lot of them in the Dictionary of Biography. The version online has had copyright expire so you can use it as the basis of the article. --Scott Davis Talk 14:18, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Birth and death places
Hi Rob, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for adding places of birth and death to several biographical articles. However, I would like to point out that these should not usually (by wikipedia house style) beside the dates, but rather should be incorporated into the text of the article. If you wouldn't mind terribly, it would be a great help if you could revist some of these and make the necessary changes.. Thanks again, and welcome. Fawcett5 19:16, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

David Drew
I moderately sure you've go the wrong Kingswood; 1) don't think there is a secondary school in Kingswood Glos (KLB is just up the road at Wotton-u-E). 2) But there is a Kingsfield School in Kingswood, South Glos (it would have been Kingswood Grammar School in David's time I guess). 3) I'm fairly sure David is from the southern end of old (pre '74) Glos., which fits. See (and reply on) DD talk page. Linuxlad 13:41, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

Rob - the Kingswood you've linked to (that is Kingswood, Gloucestershire) is just inside present Gloucestershire - it's too small to have a secondary school.

The other Kingswood (usually called Kingswood, Bristol but more properly Kingswood, South Gloucestershire) is on the eastern outskirts of Bristol, probably 18km south of its much smaller namesake. Dave Drew's Kingsfield school is (I'm 99% sure ) here, and is the old Kingswood (Bristol) Grammar School.

I'll alter.

As for the rebel in 'im, well that's an old post.Linuxlad

Hugh Bayley's Place of Birth
Do you have a source for Hugh Bayley's place of birth? The Guardian gives it as Oxford (as the article originally said. Cheers, Paulleake 02:25, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

Sylvia Heal
I'm pretty sure she is Rt. Hon. - as far as I know, all privy counsellors are. Correct me if I'm wrong! sjorford (talk)  20:05, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Fair enough - I was just going by the category on the article, but if she's really not a PC then I guess that should be removed too. sjorford (talk)  21:42, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

Nick Herbert
You obviously know a lot about Nick Herbert. Am I really mistaken that I remember him in Southampton University in the early 1980s? Gwaka Lumpa 20:06, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

Clemence Poesy's birthdate
Please do not add that birthdate. It is recorded on some fansites and IMDb, but Poesy herself has denied that her birthday is in November at the following source []. Incidentally, if you're interested it's most likely her birthday falls between August and October :)

Whoops, this is the actual source: Goblet of Fire Press Junket Amo 01:01, 16 March 2006 (UTC)

autoblock
Blocks on Wikipedia are (unfortunately) based on IPs, and if some vandal user shares the same IP address as you (ie, if your ISP uses proxies) then you can be affected by a block placed on another user even if you're logged in and you are an established known-good user. That's just the way that blocks work under the software that Wikipedia uses, which I think is somewhat silly, but what can you do.

One thing you might want to do is contact one of the developers (User:Tim Starling) and ask if your ISP can be added to his "XFF Project". If so, this would minimize such "collateral damage" problems in the future.

In the meantime, the block should have expired by now. -- Curps 08:56, 29 March 2006 (UTC)

Greg Mulholland
Hallo, I wonder what your source is for "Northern Irish family"? AFAIK his father's from Middlesborough. PamD 08:04, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

Hey, according to the 8th Edition of Almanac of British Politics by Waller and Criddle pp601, it says 'born in 1970 into a family of Northern Irish origin'. User:RobStreatham:RobStreatham

Flags
Hi. We don't use flags to show people's birthplaces. See WP:FLAGS for details. --John (talk) 22:23, 27 July 2008 (UTC)

GRO?
Hi, I hope you don't mind me asking, but I saw in some of your edit summaries, index of birth, death and marriage GRO. Where do you get this information? I ask because it looks useful and I'd like to check articles on my watchlist. Thanks, SeveroTC 16:46, 25 August 2008 (UTC)

 * "What he said" -- is this available online, or is this from genealogy software, etc.? -- ratarsed (talk) 08:18, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I also have access to this information, the death and marriage register indexes are available to the public for free, there is a Free BDM project ongoing transcribing the register for genealogy purposes but the original images can also be viewed, see ancestry.co.uk for more information. I have been using this and Census records as a source for 1896-1912 Olympians but wasn't keen on using them for living people due to Wikipedias rules about no original research, how you define original is another matter.Thaf (talk) 08:20, 26 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I would guess that births, deaths and marriages register would class as a reliable source (and therefore not original research); what I would say is that it would probably benefit being cited in each article, especially if it is available on-line for free -- ratarsed (talk) 15:28, 26 August 2008 (UTC)

 * These additions are great! Is there any chance you could drop in a standard footnote for them? Shimgray | talk | 08:38, 20 October 2008 (UTC)

Football middle names
hi there was just curious which resource you're using to find out middle names? Wolvesweb (talk) 12:49, 4 September 2008 (UTC)

GRO request
Thanks for doing the work on finding dates and places of birth and death. I wish I knew how to get on to the GRO official registers - do you have a subscription on a website to get them? Anyhow, can I put in a request for details of the obscure Reginald Moss, who was a one-term MP in the 1950s, does not have an accurate birthdate, and whose date of death is not known. He is one of those few cases who disappear from Who's Who without ever being recorded as dying. Sam Blacketer (talk) 17:10, 26 September 2008 (UTC)

GRO indexes
Hi. I see you're adding birth/death details from the GRO indexes. I would point out that the indexes only give the district, not the specific location. Many districts did (and do) contain a number of towns and villages. Thus though Alfred Henry Scott is registered as born in Chorlton District, he may well have been born in Ardwick or Gorton or Rusholme. Without viewing the actual certificates, it's not possible to pinpoint the exact location. Similarly, someone who was born in Wandsworth District could be from Battersea or Clapham or Streatham, which are quite different places, and the Eastbourne District included a large area outside the town itself including Seaford and Pevensey. Perhaps it would be better, and more accurate to say that their birth/death was registered in Wandsworth Registration District, which is what the index actually says?

I'm reasonably familiar with the indexes from my own family history research, and have discovered that the coverage and naming of districts is sometimes counterintuitive! Lozleader (talk) 12:13, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Hi Rob. Your efforts in identifying BMD details are highly commendable, but I would encourage you to take note of the comment above. By entering registration districts you may be causing Wikepedia to present misleading information. Can I suggest that you always suffix the place with "registration district" unless you obtain the original certificate. You should also be cautious with the years as late registrations may appear in the following year. Regards Motmit (talk) 11:35, 18 November 2008 (UTC)

John Sawers
Hi, John Sawers is in the news as the new head of MI6, and it seems quite a few newspapers may well have copied the WP info "Born in Warwick", so we may have created "reliable sources". Do you have a GRO cite you can add for this info you added, as otherwise we may have a circular citation situation! Thanks. Rwendland (talk) 13:00, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello RobStreatham! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 2 of the articles that you created  are tagged as Unreferenced Biographies of Living Persons. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring these articles up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the articles are adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the list:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 07:14, 25 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Peter Sinclair (governor) -
 * 2) Robert Harris (Anguilla) -

You are now a Reviewer
Hello. Your account has been granted the "reviewer" userright, allowing you to review other users' edits on certain flagged pages. Pending changes, also known as flagged protection, is currently undergoing a two-month trial scheduled to end 15 August 2010.

Reviewers can review edits made by users who are not autoconfirmed to articles placed under pending changes. Pending changes is applied to only a small number of articles, similarly to how semi-protection is applied but in a more controlled way for the trial. The list of articles with pending changes awaiting review is located at Special:OldReviewedPages.

When reviewing, edits should be accepted if they are not obvious vandalism or BLP violations, and not clearly problematic in light of the reason given for protection (see Reviewing process). More detailed documentation and guidelines can be found here.

If you do not want this userright, you may ask any administrator to remove it for you at any time. Courcelles (talk) 18:45, 19 June 2010 (UTC)

Merge discussion for Fred Green
An article that you have been involved in editing, Fred Green, has been proposed for a merge with another article. If you are interested in the merge discussion, please participate by going, and adding your comments on the discussion page. Thank you. Paul McDonald (talk) 14:05, 7 January 2011 (UTC)

Middle names
Part of the Wikipedia policy on biographies of living people, WP:BLPPRIVACY, states that "Wikipedia includes full names and dates of birth that have been widely published by reliable sources, or by sources linked to the subject such that it may reasonably be inferred that the subject does not object". So if you wish to include middle names please give citations to such reliable sources that have published them. Also note that such additions should not be marked as minor edits. Thank you. Qwfp (talk) 15:49, 12 August 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:RobStreatham


text:
Sándor Dominich

Sándor Dominich (July 12, 1954 – August 13, 2008) was the George Pólya Professor of Computer Science, and the founding leader of the Centre for Information Retrieval, Faculty of Information Technology, University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary.

Born in Aiud, Romania, Dominich proposed the Interaction Information Retrieval (I2R) model based on the Copenhagen Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics using Artificial Neural Networks. The I2R model was implemented in the I2RMeta Web meta-search engine, in the NeuRadIR medical image intranet search engine, and in the (i2r)Application intranet search engines.

He died at the age of 54 in Sopron in 2008.

Dominich is the author of the books "Mathematical Foundations of Information Retrieval", Kluwer Academic Publishers, (now Springer Verlag), 2001, and "The Modern Algebra of Information Retrieval", Springer Verlag, 2008.

title: Sándor Dominich


text: Category:Sugababes albums

title: Category:Sugababes albums


text:
User:R Bartholomew

Hello. I contribute bits and pieces on the subject of religion. I also have a blog:

http://barthsnotes.wordpress.com/

I have worked on the following (very minor contributions not included):

Mainline

 * Terry Waite

Conservative Protestantism

 * Frank N. D. Buchman
 * The Late Great Planet Earth
 * Charles Studd

Pentecostal and Charismatic

 * Alexander Boddy
 * Derek Prince
 * Demos Shakarian
 * Smith Wigglesworth
 * The Hiding Place

Publishing

 * Burns & Oates
 * Hodder & Stoughton
 * HarperCollins
 * Paternoster Press
 * Send the Light
 * Thomas Nelson
 * T&T Clark
 * Tyndale House
 * Zondervan

The Vatican

 * John Paul I
 * The Godfather Part III
 * Roberto Calvi
 * Banco Ambrosiano
 * Aloïs Hudal

Jews and Judaism

 * Noahide Laws
 * Vendyl Jones
 * Sanhedrin
 * Rabbi Ovadia Yosef
 * Genocide (World at War Episode)

Occult

 * Witchcraft: Its Power in the World Today

Shinto

 * [[Image: Modern Shinto Shrine.PNG]]

Noodles

 * Momofuku Ando

title: User:R Bartholomew


text:
Hastings United

Hastings United may refer to:
 * Hastings United F.C., a football club from Hastings, Sussex, England
 * Hastings United F.C. (1948), an earlier Sussex club
 * Hastings United AFC, a football club from Hastings, New Zealand

title: Hastings United


text:
Template talk:Infobox country/HDI

Hello! Thank you all for voting on this issue and participating! An overwhelming majority of 68% – 29 votes total: 20 votes yes, 9 votes no – has voted to include the HDI in the country infobox/template (as of 23:59 (UTC) on 1 October 2005). We will proceed on that basis shortly.

During this period, various opinions were offered regarding how the HDI should appear in the infobox. Further discussion regarding this should hereafter occur below, the results of which will be integrated into the template.

-

=Discussion=

Thank you all for your participation in this issue (I also apologise for the delay in rounding out this discussion piece.) In support of the results of the related vote, there are two primary considerations/questions to resolve regarding the HDI in this discussion:

(1) What precise elements (fields) pertaining to the HDI should appear in the country/infobox template, and how should they appear to a visitor? (2) Where in the country/infobox template should the HDI information appear to a visitor?

Issue 1: fields to include/appearance
(1) What precise elements (fields) pertaining to the HDI should appear in the country/infobox template, and how should they appear to a visitor?

Well, yes: these are two, but interrelated, questions. The possible fields/metadata that can be considered for placement – singly, in any combination, or in totality – in each infobox are:
 * HDI label (abbreviation) – with link to Human Development Index article
 * HDI year: of index – not the year of report publication, since this is two greater than the year of the actual HDI
 * HDI value: numerical value between 0 and 1, to 3 decimal places – as per current report and list
 * HDI rank: with ordinal – as per current report and list
 * HDI category: high, medium, low – as per current report and list

I recommend including all of them (see below) – the usage and syntax boxes below indicate the proposed arrangment and structure on each country page:

HDI usage
Below is an example for Sweden:

HDI empty syntax
A test template appears here; please do not alter!, examples appear below.

HDI in template
I opt to include all fields with a colourised category (based on UN HDI classification, which will aide in the understanding of an otherwise cryptic number by novices); this will yield the following result and appearance (*). (For countries with null values, like Afghanistan, I recommend merely including "NA" in the data field.)

One alternate is that the category needn't be colourised (merely black text), but I think colour is also an important aide to understanding (e.g., traffic signal implications). These colours also roughly correspond to the HDI world map, and legend.  See the HDI list for colours and wikitags proposed.

Numerous alternatives (including proposed ones, for Russia) are below:

Thoughts? Cite numerical preference, or alternate, below.

Discussion

 * I propose using the full name "Human Development Index" rather than the HDI TLA as I believe too many people are not yet aware of it (unlike GDP which has been used for at least 20-30 years and GNP before it since the second World War). Also, rather than using just rank, it should be rank out of the total, e.g. 6/175?, maybe with the number linked to List of countries by Human Development Index. Finally, given that the rank is there, there is no need for the category, which would then not really add much. Luigizanasi 03:30, 29 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Hello! Thanks for the comments, and in return ... As you can see in the examples above, the HDI TLA links directly to the HDI article (as it does for GDP, TLD, etc.) and is apparent through the wikilink; spelling it out may be too lengthy, though I'm not totally averse to doing it.
 * I think the rank, with ordinal, should also be consistent with other data points/fields in the template; as proposed and exemplified, the ranks should be linked to the HDI country list. Perhaps all ranks should be as you propose?
 * Lastly, my belief is that the category (which is in the HDI report) will aide in a user's precise understanding of the HDI, e.g., [country] is of medium human development, with an index of [number] or ranked [rank]th. The categories (high, medium, low) are not in equal thirds (1/3 of countries in high ...), so a full understanding of a country's HDI and position/rank is not fully gleaned by just listing the rank or category.  Thoughts?  Thanks again! E Pluribus Anthony 03:39, 29 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Personally, I prefer #5. Unlike area and population, the average reader will not be able to make much of the HDI value.  The ranking will, in the vast majority of cases, be far more informative.  I'm hesitant about the use of colour - to me it seems kind of tacky - but it's no big concern to me. -Joshuapaquin 19:11, 29 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I like it as it appears in the Sweden example. The category is very informative (although I wished there were more than 3 categories). And I don't think that the color poses a problem, it looks good on the example. Anyway great work! CG 17:45, 1 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your comments and praise. I think the three categories (which appear in the HDI report) are few enough to give a general indication about a country's level of development, while broad enough that they segregate 'higher' performers from others.  Merci! E Pluribus Anthony 18:49, 1 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I support using colours for categories. But which colors are we going to use? 4 colors (high, medium, low and NA) or the 16 colors featured on the HDI world map? CG 21:24, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Hello! The proposed three colours for HDI categories (in the HDI report, and as per the Wp article/list) in the infobox template resemble those on a standard traffic light (as follows):
 * green ( high )
 * yellow ( medium ), and
 * red ( low )
 * This colour scheme is not distinguishable by people with colour vision deficiency (colour blindness), such as one in twelve Europid Caucasian males. Should be changed to Blue/Yellow/Other. For sample see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:HDImap2006-colourblind-compliant.png Andrew Oakley 19:55, 11 April 2007 (UTC)
 * There's no need to parse the countries with all 16 colours on the map, which was done merely to provide additional context. For null values (i.e., NA), I recommend all text to merely be the usual black;  a shade of grey  is also a possibility. E Pluribus Anthony 22:21, 27 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I like the grey shade. CG 17:29, 28 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I think the example looks good as it is, only with the rank (I believe it corresponds with alternative #4), and I would like to see it added into the template ASAP. Mariano (t/c) 08:17, 2 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks! I hear ya; I've been swamped as of late and regret being unable to realise this sooner.  Once a decision (or perhaps not) is reached on appearance, it would be helpful if various interested users added HDI metadata to their respective countries' infoboxes, or to a clutch of them.  It is this that will take time; the template edits are fairly simple ... now that we've gone through this process! :) E Pluribus Anthony 08:32, 2 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Either #1 or #2. I'd prefer #1. — Instantnood 13:43, 3 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I believe that we should include as much information as possible. The rating might not mean a lot to me, but I bet that it does to somebody looking for that piece of information. So either no. 1 or no. 2. No. 4 or 5 will work as well, but I'd prefer one of the first two options. --Valentinian 21:13, 5 November 2005 (UTC)
 * The more information, the better. I'm all for #1 or #2. If it has to be, I can also live with #4 or #5, but I don't see any reason to leave out information. [[Image:Flag of Austria.svg|15px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 22:33, 9 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I like options #2 and #3. I am stridently opposed to any colouring.--cj | talk 23:36, 20 November 2005 (UTC)
 * How about using the Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW) instead of GDP/GNP to calculate it? I think GDP/GNP is problematic, because it doesn't really look at quality of life or sustainability issues. Voyager640 02:07, 29 November 2005 (UTC)
 * This is interesting; however, your suggestion is beyond the purview of this discussion, which – in support of the related vote – concerns the final form and appearance of UN HDI information to be included in the country infobox/template. E Pluribus Anthony 02:24, 29 November 2005 (UTC)
 * My preference is for #1: all of the information is useful yet succinctly presented. Coloured categories (which hark of those used in the HDI world map and legend) will aid in understanding.  If there was (or even if there wasn't) significant objection to coloured categories – and currently significant objection does not exist – #2 would be my secondary choice. E Pluribus Anthony 17:24, 30 November 2005 (UTC)
 * The more info, the better. #1 is really not cluttered with information and displays the values in a nice format. #1 is it. --Mceder 20:59, 2 December 2005 (UTC)

Issue #2: location
(2) Where in the country/infobox template should the HDI information appear?

Given its function, being a synthesis of demographic and economic data, I suggest the HDI be placed after the GDP fields in the template and before the currency field.

Other possible locations include placement between the area and population fields, or at the bottom between the calling code and notes (or elsewhere).

Again, my preferred arrangement and appearance for the HDI in the country infobox/template is here.

Thoughts? Cite preference, or alternate, below.

Discussion

 * After GDP as in the Sweden proposal is fine. No reason to put it anywhere else that I can think of. Luigizanasi 03:33, 29 October 2005 (UTC)
 * GDP and HDI are not consistent with the other types of data/info. They are based on calculations of other data. They are also value-laden in terms of what is considered to add to wealth and to human development. All other data listed in the infobox (except population and pop density) are stable, neutral facts, unreliant on anything else. It is my opinion, if they are to be included, that they should be separated from the other types of data. --maclean25 05:35, 1 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Hello; thanks for your comments. As noted, and as indicated in the clear majority vote, this discussion is to determine now not if but how the HDI will be incorporated into the infobox template.  As for the GDP, perhaps a vote should be held to segregate or to move it, but that is beyond the purview of this discussion and should have no bearing on it.  In any event, thanks for your input. E Pluribus Anthony 05:44, 1 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, what I was trying to say is that the info should be grouped together according to some theme (ie. separated from the other types of data). The Sweden example above places non-static variables in the middle of the list. I don't see the reason or pattern behind it. You could argue that this info (Pop, GDP, HDI) has more international appeal, and since it can be ranked, it will be referenced more often than anything else. Why not put it, along with the area, at the top right under the picture? That is where I'd expect the most sought after info to be. I'd show you but I can't figure out the template codes. --maclean25 07:31, 1 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, I see; thanks for the clarification. I understand what you mean.  I've opted for including it after GDP (and after population) but before currency since it synthesises GDP and is related to it; while also related to currency, USD GDP PPP figures are used to calculate HDI and is therefore above currency (which is generally unique to each country) in the proposed placement.  The other components of the HDI (educational attainment, life expectancy) do not appear in the infobox and are only tangentially related to population figures in the infobox.
 * Alternate locations have also been proposed for the HDI (e.g., at the end). I'm open to having it appear elsewhere if it makes sense or if it has a consensus supporting it.  So I think we can move forward with this in mind.
 * Perhaps a request for comment should be mounted about the location of the GDP figures? Thanks again!  E Pluribus Anthony 07:43, 1 November 2005 (UTC)
 * It is obvious to me that the HDI should be right after the GDP. Perhaps it would be better to have the currency before both, but that's another issue. Mariano (t/c) 08:17, 2 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Right after GDP. — Instantnood 13:45, 3 November 2005 (UTC)
 * It should be next after the GDP rating. --Valentinian 21:05, 5 November 2005 (UTC)
 * While I find myself agreeing with a few issues maclean25 pointed out, I'm gonna join the others in proposing after GDP rating. [[Image:Flag of Austria.svg|15px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 22:35, 9 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Hey there; thanks for your input. I also share some of the concerns expressed: I think the overarching matter is (all the same) one of theme, function, and/or appearance of relevant information in the infobox.  If this is indeed a systemic concern, perhaps a proposal should be made to re-organise the other fields in the infobox/template? E Pluribus Anthony 22:45, 9 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree that it should be placed immediately after GDP. However, I echo Mariano about "currency" -- it does look rather out of place, and may be better place before both.--cj | talk 23:42, 20 November 2005 (UTC)
 * In the infobox's current form, the HDI information should be placed after GDP and before currency. There does appear to be a need to reorganise some of the information in the infobox template (e.g., the location of the currency field); that should be the topic of another discussion. E Pluribus Anthony 17:24, 30 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Right after GDP, before currency. Concur - it looks and feels as a logical place for it. --Mceder

-

Summary/conclusion
So once issue (1) is resolved, interested parties should take some time to enter relevant HDI data for each country. Then, the country infobox/template can be modified as per issue (2). Then ... tada!

In support of and to implement the successful vote:
 * if a consensus for issue (1) is not reached, the demonstrated proposal/example (*) should carry and be implemented, and data entry should occur afterward by interested users;
 * if a consensus for issue (2) is not reached, the demonstrated proposal/example will be implemented.

Discussion regarding anything here, or issues unidentified, is encouraged. Again, thank you all for your support, assistance, and input! E Pluribus Anthony 01:58, 22 October 2005 (UTC)

=Final results and implementation!=

 * Are we there yet? Mariano (t/c) 07:32, 1 December 2005 (UTC)

Yes: it's in! As per the lengthy discussion above, in support of the earlier vote, a number of conclusions can be made:

Issue #1: What precise elements (fields) pertaining to the HDI should appear in the country/infobox template, and how should they appear to a visitor?

 * {| class="wikitable"

 * - colspan="3" |
 * (1)* || HDI (2003) || 0.795 (62nd) – medium
 * (2) || HDI (2003) || 0.795 (62nd) – medium
 * }
 * (2) || HDI (2003) || 0.795 (62nd) – medium
 * }
 * }

 * An apparent consensus supports including more information rather than less: i.e., option (1) or (2).

 * There is currently insufficient opposition for including coloured categories; this is reinforced by the presence of similar colours in the HDI world map and legend. Thus, option (1) should be implemented (*).  As a fallback, however: if coloured categories are utterly controversial to the editors for a specific country's article, the colour tags for an entry can be removed, yielding (2).  For consistency, this is discouraged.

Issue #2: Where in the country/infobox template should the HDI information appear?

 * As exhibited in the test template, an apparent unanimity supports including the HDI information after the GDP field and before the currency information.

 * Some users have commented about the placement of the currency information, et al. While there does appear to be a need to reorganise some of the information in the infobox template, that should be the topic of another dedicated discussion.

Process for implementation
(1) Help add some data! Add your signature to the table below, indicating your intention to add HDI metadata to a particular group(s) of countries;

 * {| class="wikitable"

! HDI category !! Ranks !! Countries || Wikipedian sign below! || Done ?
 * -bgcolor="#cccccc"
 * rowspan=3 |  High human development  0.800 – 0.999 || 1 – 20 || Norway – Germany || E Pluribus Anthony 02:24, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Y!
 * 21 – 40 || Spain – Qatar || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 10:37, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * 41 – 57 || United Arab Emirates – Trinidad and Tobago || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 10:54, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * rowspan=4 |  Medium human development  0.500 – 0.799 || 58 – 79 || Libya – Peru || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 11:41, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * 80 – 100 || Kazakhstan – Georgia || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 12:43, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * 101 – 123 || Azerbaijan – Gabon || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 13:09, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup, except for Palestine; adding it to State of Palestine would be POV, adding it to Palestinian territories isn't possible due to lack of infobox; maybe two values for Israel somehow, one for Israel, the other for the Palestinian occupied territories?
 * WOW, again! I don't think adding this information to the Palestinian National Authority article and infobox would be POV (despite the moniker atop the current article); perhaps in-text references or Israel infobox adds in the other articles (as you suggest) would also be sufficient?  Merci! E Pluribus Anthony 17:07, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I've added the HDI to the PNA entry and edited the Palestine entry in the list to redirect. Merci!  E Pluribus Anthony 20:07, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * 80 – 100 || Kazakhstan – Georgia || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 12:43, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * 101 – 123 || Azerbaijan – Gabon || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 13:09, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup, except for Palestine; adding it to State of Palestine would be POV, adding it to Palestinian territories isn't possible due to lack of infobox; maybe two values for Israel somehow, one for Israel, the other for the Palestinian occupied territories?
 * WOW, again! I don't think adding this information to the Palestinian National Authority article and infobox would be POV (despite the moniker atop the current article); perhaps in-text references or Israel infobox adds in the other articles (as you suggest) would also be sufficient?  Merci! E Pluribus Anthony 17:07, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I've added the HDI to the PNA entry and edited the Palestine entry in the list to redirect. Merci!  E Pluribus Anthony 20:07, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * WOW, again! I don't think adding this information to the Palestinian National Authority article and infobox would be POV (despite the moniker atop the current article); perhaps in-text references or Israel infobox adds in the other articles (as you suggest) would also be sufficient?  Merci! E Pluribus Anthony 17:07, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I've added the HDI to the PNA entry and edited the Palestine entry in the list to redirect. Merci!  E Pluribus Anthony 20:07, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

 * 124 – 145 || Morocco – Zimbabwe || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 13:32, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * rowspan=2 |  Low human development  0 – 0.499 || 146 – 160 || Madagascar – Angola || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 10:16, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * 161 – 177 || Eritrea – Niger || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 10:00, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * colspan=3 | unavailable (NA) || E Pluribus Anthony 17:49, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Y!
 * }
 * 161 – 177 || Eritrea – Niger || [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 10:00, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Yup.
 * colspan=3 | unavailable (NA) || E Pluribus Anthony 17:49, 3 December 2005 (UTC) || Y!
 * }
 * }

 * It will probably take one person around fifteen minutes to add 20 entries.

 * Comment: He he; of course, half-an-hour was my estimate: it didn't take me that long to do, but others may not be able to copy, edit, paste, save, switch ... as quickly. :)  Merci!  E Pluribus Anthony 22:58, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

(2) Consult the list of countries by HDI, and note country and applicable HDI information; (3) Access the article or template for the country in question; (4) Add the metadata fields (as indicated above and in examples below) with the specific values and tags:
 * selected countries/infoboxes can be consulted for high (Norway or Iceland), medium (Libya or Russia), and low (Madagascar) HDIs

(5) Save your changes; (6) Indicate in the above table that all entries in your charge have been completed; (7) Once all of the metadata has been added to the country articles/infoboxes, I will then edit the template to exhibit these changes ... then (8) Tada!

We're almost there! Please let me know if you have any questions. Thanks to all of you for your input, patience, and assistance. Take care! E Pluribus Anthony 02:24, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Done, except for the two cases listed above. What now? [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 13:32, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

Kudos to you Nightstallion! Insane speed in getting these added. Mceder 14:59, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I live to serve. ;) [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 15:31, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I have only one thing to say (actually three):

 * (1) WOW! After adding some and requiring regeneration, I didn't expect one person to go through the remaining 15x countries and add this data.  This requires the naming of a first-born child ... perhaps A Man Called Horse?  TY!  :)
 * (2) Holy shi'ite!
 * (3) I'm gonna go through the countries for which HDIs are unavailable (today!); I will then edit the template!

 * I think that's it; kudos! E Pluribus Anthony 17:02, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

 * As I said, gladly. Thanks for your work in this, too! [[Image:European-Austrian flag hybrid.svg|20px]] ナイトスタリオン ✉ 22:49, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

Singapore has been un-protected, HDI information has been added. ナイトスタリオン ✉ 01:08, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Fabu! E Pluribus Anthony 01:16, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

Help in updating template!
Hello again, and thanks for your help. All the relevant data has been added. When I tried to edit the infobox template, however, the HDI and HDI_year values are displaying incorrectly – see here for test template and see here for the real McCoy and history. I believe I have edited the infobox template properly (and will gladly admit error!), but I require assistance or guidance before attempting to edit the template again. Merci beaucoup! E Pluribus Anthony 18:24, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I have looked and looked again, but I do not see the problem? The test template seems fine to me, and viewing the last reverted edit it appears that the real template will look okay as well. Mceder 19:11, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Hi there! Thanks for the other set of eyes.  I think this was my error with one country ... my alma mater, Canada.  Ppon testing the edits there, I mistyped the entry in that infobox: no | at the end of the HDI line.  This corrupted the rendering of the next metadata set.  Doh!  This goes to show what one can do when they stare at a screen for hours ... and not just for pleasure!  (I'm kidding.)  ;)
 * Anyhow, it looks great! Thanks again for your help! E Pluribus Anthony 19:31, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Awesome, glad to see it in production - good job in keeping this organized and on track! And by pleasure, I am sure you ment.... pleasure! Mceder 19:51, 3 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Er, of course! There are numerous forms of pleasure: like this or this! :)  It took awhile, but the proof is in the pudding.  Thanks again!  E Pluribus Anthony 19:57, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

Update the colors to the new parameters
Update the colors to the new parameters of the year 2013 proposed by the United Nations Development Programme.

For example: Colombia has a high human development for the United Nations Development Programme, but according to wikipedia has medium human development, that is incorrect, it is necessary to correct these errors.

http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-summary-en.pdf -  the report of the United Nations Development Programme. Spawn Talk!  09:18, 4 August 2014 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Infobox country/HDI


text:
Indore division

Indore division is an administrative geographical unit of Madhya Pradesh state of India. Indore is the administrative headquarters of the division.

The division consists of districts of Indore, Barwani, Burhanpur, Dhar, Jhabua, Khandwa, Khargone and Alirajpur.

title: Indore division


text: User talk:85.206.198.116

title: User talk:85.206.198.116


text:
Talk:Offer and acceptance

Old comments
Would it not be appropriate to have a page discussing the notion of contract law in its more abstract form - ie. without taking consideration of the particulars of the subject that are peculiar to certain legal systems? It could also double as a disambiguation page, which points to separate pages whereby the specifics of contract law of a particular country are discussed. For example: 'Law of Contract in England & Wales' and 'Law of Contract in the USA' etc. These 'national' pages could further be broken down into, say, 'Offer & Acceptance in England & Wales' etc. I just feel that we need a coherent structure that adequately takes account of the different legal systems and distinguishes them clearly. --Steve 18:22, 11 May 2006 (UTC)
 * This article is about a very particular aspect of law and a discussion of the case law, in various countries, is important in establishing the concepts. Discuss this on Talk:Contract. enochlau (talk) 06:02, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

Instead of having seperate pages, merge into the topic of contract and use links were appropiate.
 * I disagree. The reason why I moved stuff out of contract in the first place is that it's getting really really long. In fact, there should be a lot more pages that discuss side issues carved out of contract, I think. Enochlau 14:33, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Just wondering, might it be a good idea to state which countries this subject is relevant in? EG in Australia, English cases are not binding on us after 1901, and Australian cases are almost never considered in British courts, except on new issues and only as obiter dicta.  BarnabyG 01:30, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

 * The right of appeal to the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council existed and was used up to the point where it was limited by Privy Council (Limitation of Appeals) Act 1968 and the Privy Council (Appeals from the High Court) Act 1975. Appeals from State Supreme Court matters existed all the way up to the Australia Acts. Privy Council judges were often Law Lords as well. Stare decisis would mean that those judgements remain good law until the HCA or Parliament decide otherwise. It's important to know the jurisdiction, but many contracts cases are English simply because the law was settled a long time ago, and there have been no disturbances since. And even when they have, they have been highly persuasive in the development of the law elsewhere e.g. the rule in Williams v Roffey Bros. --202.73.198.161 (talk) 05:53, 10 December 2007 (UTC)

Is all offers named as "offers" or does it exist many types of offers? Those who no know can fill in one additional sentence.

G.H. Tretel
Who is G.H. Tretel? Is he a well-known, reputable contract law writer? Or are these crib notes? Enochlau 23:23, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * A well-known, reputable academic and commentator on law cases, has written an exhaustive textbooks and is considered a persuasive source to quote from by the courts. He has a knighthood. --Sephui 00:41, 16 March 2006 (UTC)

He was Vinerian professor of law at Oxford University until retirement, is a QC, an honorary bencher of Gray's Inn, and if you haven't heard of him it is a little odd to be editing/reviewing an article on contract law in the common law world.194.80.32.9 (talk) 16:08, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

Offer in Business Law Offer

It is a part of contract without, it can not made agreement

Offer is willingness to do something or not to do something which is shown to another person to obtain his consent (views) is called offer. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.203.20.66 (talk) 01:29, 5 August 2011 (UTC)

Counterparts
Ought to be in here somewhere. Counterparts are where each party signs the contract but not necessarily the same copy. I sign a blank and send it to yo u,you sign a blank and send it to me. I can wave my copy around in court if you don't perform. It binds you because you signed it and binds me because I produced it and claim it's a binding contract.

It is a throwback to when xerox was expensive and involved monks (or hot lead). Often a contact was split into two documents. I'd sign one part listing my duties to you in the contract and you got that. The other was the reverse. Both parts didn't list all the terms of both because we didn't want to pay medieval kinkos.

Counterparts are more popular than ever thanks to the PDF. I often use a clause allowing counterparts. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.149.156.242 (talk) 01:06, 6 May 2012 (UTC)

English law?
Is this article based on the English law interpretation of Offer and Acceptance? I believe different legal jurisdictions have their own interpretations, which is discussed within the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods article. Is a global view needed here, or perhaps make it clear which jurisdictions this article applies to? Road Wizard (talk) 16:43, 20 October 2012 (UTC)

Carbolic
The section on Carbolic Smoke Ball states that the buyer was male, but the buyer in that case was a woman. Is there a reason for this, and would anyone object to that being changed? -- Plasma Twa  2  18:28, 7 December 2017 (UTC)

Unilateral contract?
it is very weird, seems to me what described is just "an indetermined offeree contract", obligation is bilateral: whoever fulfils the requirements of the contract is entitled to reward. I would say unilateral contract should be something like this: I give you 10 dollars, you do not have to give me anything. Another example is donation. So a wrong term has been used in the history. Jackzhp (talk) 02:00, 6 January 2019 (UTC)
 * No, the article is absolutely correct. Please read a hornbook on contract law. --Coolcaesar (talk) 04:11, 6 January 2019 (UTC)

worldwide?
Is this a "traditional concept in contract law" as the intro indicates or only a concept in a specific niche (for those following the common law for example?). A paragraph on the territorial scope would be relevant..... L.tak (talk) 20:22, 25 January 2019 (UTC)

स्वीकृति प्रस्ताव के विपरीत कार्य
क्या नगर निगम अपना ही दवारा स्वीकृति प्रस्ताव के विपरीत कार्य करवा सकता है 103.95.165.197 (talk) 17:53, 21 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Offer and acceptance


text:
User:Yukichin~enwiki

Hi,

I'm a Japanese Wikipedian.

title: User:Yukichin~enwiki


text: User talk:69.149.55.85

title: User talk:69.149.55.85


text:
Bridge Road

Bridge Road may refer to:
 * Bridge Road (Impington), a football stadium home to Histon F.C.
 * Bridge Road, Melbourne, a major shopping strip in Melbourne, Australia.

title: Bridge Road


text:
Debra Weinstein

Debra Weinstein (born 1961) is a poet and the author of the novel Apprentice to the Flower Poet Z. (Random House, 2004). Her poems have appeared in The American Poetry Review, The National Review, Tikkun, and The Portable Lower East Side.

Education
Weinstein earned a BA in English literature and creative writing from the State University of New York at Binghamton and an MA in English literature from the Graduate Creative Writing Program at New York University, where she was the recipient of a Galway Kinnell Fellowship.

Recognition
Weinstein received New York University's Bobst Literary Award for Emerging Writers upon publication of her volume of poetry, Rodent Angel (NYU Press, 1996). She received a National Endowment for the Arts Creative Writing Fellowship for poetry and a New York State Foundation for the Arts (NYFA) Creative Writing Fellowship for Fiction. She has been in residence at both the MacDowell Colony and Yaddo.

Weinstein came to prominence as a poet in the 1990s, during the AIDS epidemic. She published her poems and stories in magazines and journals before the age of the Internet, and read her work at The Knitting Factory, CBGBs, and many other downtown venues. The poems in her first volume look back at a complex childhood in suburban Long Island toward a future where loss is mourned, love is celebrated, and a child is conceived from a union between two women. Her academic novel, Apprentice to the Flower Poet Z, takes an ironic, backward, fictional glance at a time when, after completing graduate school, she worked as an assistant to a dean at NYU's School of Education and assisted Sharon Olds as an administrator in the NYU Goldwater Creative Writing Program.

Works
Some of her works include Apprentice to the Flower Poet Z, and Rodent Angel.

Personal life
She lives in New York City and has two children.

title: Debra Weinstein


text:
Talk:Girl With A Pearl Earring (book)

 * I will expand this a bit - someday. --Bhadani 14:28, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Girl With A Pearl Earring (book)


text:
Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-10-03/ArbCom resignation

This week, Daniel Mayer, known to the Wikipedia community as Maveric149, announced his resignation from the Wikipedia Arbitration Committee. On Wednesday, Mayer moved his name on the ArbCom listings to the "pending resignations" section. Mayer had been listed as "away" since 25 June, first due to a vacation, and then due to working 50-60 hours a week. Citing that he had "no free time", Mayer announced that he would resign as soon as he is replaced; this effectively means that he will not be seeking re-election this year.

Mayer has been an Arbitrator ever since the beginning of the ArbCom in early 2004 and was appointed by Jimbo. A part of Tranche β, his seat is up for election this year. Because he had been away for so long and his seat was already up for election, it is unlikely that the change from "away" to "pending resignation" will have any immediate impact on the functioning of the ArbCom.

However, his resignation means that at least two of eight seats up for grabs in this year's December elections will not have an incumbent running. Mayer joins Nohat as the two arbitrators who have announced their resignations.


text:
Talk:Indore division

WP:INDIA Banner/Madhya Pradesh workgroup Addition
WP India with Madhya Pradesh workgroup parameters was added to this article talk page because the article falls under Category:Madhya Pradesh or one of its subcategories. Should you feel this addition is inappropriate, please undo my changes and update/remove the irrelavent categories to the article  --  TinuCherian  (Wanna Talk?) - 12:42, 21 June 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Indore division