text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Alt.suicide.holiday

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. Linuxbeak | Talk 00:02, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

alt.suicide.holiday

 *  performed two out of the three steps for nominating an article for deletion. Since xe gave xyr rationale, I've completed the process. Uncle G 16:43, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

not notable, and possibly dangerous. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.166.6.153 (talk • contribs) 2005-10-04 04:09:47 UTC

 * I don't see how it's not notable. I think it's informative and it's important that it stays here. As for "dangerous," if one thinks that it's dangerous, one has to remove the group itself along with their archives, methods, etc. Deleting this article is like deleting an article on Hitler, because people may decide to follow him and become neo-nazis. Or we might as well delete all the articles on controlled and dangerous substances, lest people should find out about them and use them. BittenCaliban 20:37, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep it or, add it to another article about websites which encourage suicide. This is one of the issues brought up by the internet and it's important that people know what is out there.user:XYaAsehShalomX
 * Speedy keep -- unsigned nomination by someone who probably doesn't know anything about Wikipedia policy -- WP:NOT censored. ♥ purplefeltangel ( talk ) ♥ ( contribs ) 22:40, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep verifiable.--Isotope23 17:20, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vivian Darkbloom 21:46, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete I tend to guage the notability of usenet groups similarly to forums. This one doesn't seem to be paticularly notable. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  19:00, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep -- Not famous, but infamous. 25k Google hits (web search, not groups) puts it in the realm of possibly notable, and being the "publisher" of the Methods File pushes them into the realm of net.lore. Consider it a historical article -- that such a thing was even available on the Internet was a big deal back in the day when the Internet was strange and new to many. Subject of a Dutch documentary and a series of articles in Wired as recently as 2003 — mendel ☎ 23:09, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: I don't know about the usenet group, but their Methods File is pretty well-known. --Carnildo 23:23, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * keep please this is important and verifiable so why should we erase it Yuckfoo 00:13, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep. Very notable Usenet newsgroup with storied history, controversy, and wide participation, plus cultural significance for the pro- vs. anti-suicide issue. MCB 03:56, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per above. PacknCanes 23:01, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep & Rename. Alt.suicide.holiday is not the best name for this article, maybe try Internet Suicide Websites!? - Bwfc 16:21, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It's not a website, it's a Usenet newsgroup named alt.suicide.holiday. I'm not sure I understand why you don't like that name. — mendel ☎ 16:30, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. An important part of net history. fuzzie 21:19, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable, and potentially "dangerous" is no evidently reason for deletion. Alex Watson 21:32, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Completely unthinkable that such a noted institution would be undocumented. Well known even outside the realm of the internet - alt.suicideholiday.net is a brilliant and provocative short film about internet forums on suicide, obviously based on and named after ash. Also, the user/IP who started the deletion procedure has contributed mainly POV vandalisms. Not sure if this is at all serious. Bz2 21:45, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Femtillion

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedy redirect. Four similar articles have been redirected without AfD (see list). This one was no better - the fact that it has a few more what links here's makes little difference - it was still a pretty pointless article. -- RHaworth 19:44, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Femtillion
Not very notable, possible OR?

 * Abstain for the moment as nominator (but leaning delete); I want to see what others have to say. --Trovatore 04:11, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Rewrite and Keep - Top three hits in google are Other names of large numbers, a Wiki mirror as Other names of large numbers and An AOL site. The article is fairly obtuse to anyone other than a mathematician I think. CambridgeBayWeather 04:34, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, thanks. My vote is Redirect to Other names of large numbers. I think that should close the issue; pro forma am I supposed to wait for the seven days or whatever? --Trovatore 04:38, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Other names of large numbers... I wouldn't even bother to wait 7 days based on the general shambles the article is in.--Isotope23 18:53, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, that's what I should have done from the start, but there are specific warnings not to convert an article under AfD to a redir. Not sure how much common sense to use here. Can I ask an admin for a speedy redirect? --Trovatore 20:36, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Your guess is as good as mine... I wasn't aware there was a protocol against redirects during an AFD, since I've seen it done, but perhaps it was an admin who did it.--Isotope23 21:40, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I think it's too late now to make it into a redirect as the article has been given other tags. However, I found an article this evening that was tagged as AfD by it's creator due to misspelling. I changed it to a redirect and of course overwrote the delete tag. I then put a note on the AfD page saying what I'd done. I've done the same with articles that have been tagged as speedy but in that case I usually notify the user that put the speedy on it. No one has ever complained. CambridgeBayWeather 11:11, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Well you can do most anything, and often no one will complain. But as AndyJones says below, it is good wiki-practice, and established wiki-policy to let AfDs run their course. Paul August ☎ 13:15, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the clarification!--Isotope23 14:06, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I think you guys have totally the right idea. It could have been redirected rather than brought to AfD: but now it's here, IMHO it's good wiki-practice to let it have its five days. It's doing no harm where it is. If anyone else wants to vote, or the author wants to defend a separate article, this page is a forum. AndyJones 00:16, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect per Trovatore. Paul August ☎ 01:56, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect article to Other names of large numbers; redirect author to ESL. ;-P --Kgf0 21:57, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Karagandy State University

Karagandy State University (, Qarağandy memlekettık universitetı) named after E. A. Buketov is a university in Karagandy, Kazakhstan, founded in 1972. Karaganda State University is the second university in the history of Kazakhstan, and it is one of the largest universities in the country.

KSU, being a classical university, has an important social and cultural mission. According to the traditions of classical universities, the university maintains high level and fundamental character of higher education. Karaganda State University is one of the leaders in education, science and culture of Kazakhstan. The prestige of Karaganda State University named after E.A. Buketov is confirmed by international cooperation. Different public universities, home and foreign institutes work as its partners.

title: Karagandy State University


text:
User:Sasquatch/Sandbox

$$ \sum_{n=1}^\infin \frac{1}{n^s}=\frac{\pi^2}{6} $$

title: User:Sasquatch/Sandbox


text: Category:Transgender

title: Category:Transgender


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Megalomania

Megalomania
Fails Verifiability. Is not encyclopedic. Wikipedia is not the place for users to diagnose famous figures with mental illnesses. I may be wrong, I'm new. Please comment. I would, however, like to see an actual article on megalomania. Cpaliga 04:11, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I think I was wrong, a rewrite is probably more appropriate.Cpaliga


text: Talk:World Gone Wrong

title: Talk:World Gone Wrong


text:
Raw Velvet

Raw Velvet is the second solo album by American songwriter and musician Bobby Whitlock, released in 1972. The appearance of Eric Clapton, Carl Radle and Jim Gordon of Derek and the Dominos was only indicated by the representation of 'dominoes' on the original inner sleeve.

Track listing
All songs written by Bobby Whitlock, except where noted

Side one - Raw

 * 1) "Tell the Truth" (Eric Clapton, Bobby Whitlock) - 3:50
 * 2) "Bustin' My Ass" - 3:35
 * 3) "Write You a Letter" - 2:28
 * 4) "Ease Your Pain" (Hoyt Axton) - 3:04
 * 5) "If You Ever" - 3:19
 * 6) "Hello L.A., Bye Bye Birmingham" (Delaney Bramlett, Mac Davis) - 3:52 produced by Andy Johns and Bobby Whitlock

Side two - Velvet

 * 1) "You Came Along" - 3:04
 * 2) "Think About It" - 3:09
 * 3) "Satisfied" - 3:00
 * 4) "Dearest I Wonder" (Bobby Whitlock, Paula Boyd) - 3:50
 * 5) "Start All Over" - 3:25

Personnel

 * Bobby Whitlock - rhythm guitar, keyboards, vocals
 * Eric Clapton - guitar (uncredited on "Hello L.A., Bye Bye Birmingham"), bass ("Hello L.A., Bye Bye Birmingham")
 * Keith Ellis - bass
 * Rick Vito - lead guitar
 * Don Poncher - drums
 * Jim Gordon - drums on "Hello L.A., Bye Bye Birmingham"
 * George Harrison - guitar
 * Jim Price - trumpet
 * Bobby Keys - saxophone
 * Technical
 * Anthony Fawcett - London coordinator
 * John Kosh - design concept
 * Ruby Mazur - design
 * Peter Howe - photography

title: Raw Velvet


text:
Talk:Thomas Givon

Untitled
A notable figure in Linguistics, Givón should have a Wikipedia entry; in fact, it should be expanded. I wonder if I'll ever get around to being more active here, but I'll try and remember this as a project for when I do. :)

Thomas?!
I know he goes by "Tom" but his full first name is Talmy. This page should be renamed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Trecht (talk • contribs) 06:07, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

 * The situation is more complex: He is usually called "Tom" by his colleagues, but in scientific publications he only goes by the initisal "T.". So I think this page should actually be moved to "T. Givón", because his primary fame is as a linguist. As a novelist, he uses the name "Thomas Givon" -- this should also be mentioned somewhere.--Haspelmath (talk) 22:21, 27 September 2008 (UTC)

 * A snippet in google books says that he was born Tamly and changed his name to Thomas. But I don't have that book "Bastard tongues: a trailblazing linguist finds clues to our common humanity in the world's lowliest languages", which also seem to have a brier bio of his. Given that his Emeritus page at Oregon doesn't exist (anymore), I guess we have to wait for him to die so some in memoria are published in the linguistics journals so this page can be improved. Tijfo098 (talk) 12:39, 20 April 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't think he goes by Tom but is still legally named Talmy. Anyway Thomas isn't really a good option as he never uses that in linguistic work. I would second a move to Tom Givón or T. Givón.·Maunus· ƛ · 12:56, 20 April 2011 (UTC)
 * It looks like the article was renamed to the current name after an OTRS ticket, so presumably the request came from the subject. In the mean time I found his home page, which only has "T. Givón", so that isn't of much help. Tijfo098 (talk) 20:00, 21 May 2011 (UTC)

Edit request on 16 July 2012
Not done: please be more specific about what needs to be changed.

Though it's useful to share sources on the Talk page, I believe the request edit is usually for specific changes and corrections.

Hello, I would like to add a section regarding my father's (Tom Givon) non-academic publishing career. He has published a novel with Reagan books (Running Through the Tall Grass), and is currently self publishing a series of novels through his own publishing house (White Cloud Publishing). I would like to list his published novel and his self-published novels, and would also like to add two external links; one to his publishing house (http://www.whitecloudpublishing.com) and one to his blog (http://tomgivon.blogspot.com/). A list of his self-published novels can be found at http://whitecloudpublishing.com/books.html. Thank you, and please email me with any questions regarding my request. Nate Givon nategivon@hotmail.com Ngivon (talk) 01:55, 16 July 2012 (UTC)

Ngivon (talk) 01:55, 16 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I replaced the template with the correct one.--Canoe1967 (talk) 03:35, 21 July 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Thomas Givon. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20081121052609/http://www.cognitivelinguistics.org/Reviews/givon to http://www.cognitivelinguistics.org/Reviews/givon

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 08:09, 12 January 2016 (UTC)

"One of the founders of functionalism"
Functional linguistics was actually started long before Givón's birth... this must be a joke! Givón's not even a functionalist in the first place. The quoted source says he's a cognitivist, but his approach shares similarity with functionalism. Revision required. Weidorje (talk) 17:20, 9 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Thomas Givon


text: User:Eventer

title: User:Eventer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Adversary process

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 07:38, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Adversary process
No meaningful text, although "Adversary process" is a valid term for lawyers. ReyBrujo 04:14, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete nonsense. --Trovatore 04:17, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

This insertion on wikipedia is excellent. It does have meaningful text and i nominate to keep it on the site as it is the only attempt at defining the adversary process. It is acurrate in its definition of a adversary opinion which is a large process of the adversary process, i mean its the end result. (preceding unsigned comment by  04:38, 4 October 2005)

 * Delete -- ( ☺ drini ♫ | ☎ ) 04:39, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. It would be possible to write a valid short article on this topic. But this article doesn't fit that description. Crypticfirefly 04:48, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nomination. utcursch | talk 11:38, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete (obviously) but once that's done, redirect the name to Adversarial system AndyJones 17:19, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect per AndyJones. I've added the current content to WP:BJAODN. Ilmari Karonen 00:18, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete article and redirect name to Adversarial system, per above. BD2412  talk 15:20, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Pride of Eastside Marching Band

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 07:40, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

The Pride of Eastside Marching Band
An undistinguished school marching band.

 * Delete Fawcett5 04:16, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nothing special about the band mentioned --rob 05:37, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete no reason why it is worthy of an entry Neier 08:33, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as above arguments -- red stucco 09:09, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per sanity. Gamaliel 11:22, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. utcursch | talk 11:42, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - nn CLW 12:20, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or move to wikihighschoolmarchingband when that gets up and running.--Daniel Lotspeich 20:55, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User:Vary

Vary refers to herself in the third person on her user page as an excuse to make blatant use of gender-specific pronouns, due to her rather androgynous user name. She became an admin in March of 2006.

Vary sometimes forgets to use the preview button when editing talk pages, and leaves this sentence on her user page to remind herself not to do that.

title: User:Vary


text:
Pendent

Pendent is an adjective that describes the condition of hanging, either literally, or figuratively, as in undecided or incomplete. The word is to be distinguished from the spelling "pendant", which is the noun.

 * In botany and anatomy the term applies to hanging forms of organs such as leaves, branches, limbs and the like, that otherwise might be rigid or erect.
 * In sigillography, a pendent seal is one that hangs loose from its associated document by cords, ribbons, or a parchment tag or tail: it is thus distinguished from an applied seal, which is applied directly to the face of the paper or parchment on which the document is written.
 * In various senses, such as legal matters, pendent can mean "pending" or conditional on future developments.
 * In grammar a pendent sentence is incomplete in some formal sense, for example lacking a finite verb.

Something pendent may be viewed as any member of a support system (e.g. a section of a dome or, organically, a parent/guardian in a nuclear family). A pendent component of a structure or system requires one or more of the same as itself to be functional. For example, one playing card in a house of cards requires another against it in order to maintain stability. Likewise the segments of certain types of dome rely upon each other for support, as do the individual blocks or timber frames which make up a dome whether segmented or not. The whole dome may in turn be supported by pendentives (which in turn support each other). In the construction of arches and domes, the pendent condition commonly leads to special requirements for timber centring or similar expedients during construction: when the structure is completed it becomes self-supporting and the temporary structure can be removed.

title: Pendent


text:
October 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

October 4 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 6

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 18 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 5th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 22.

Saints

 * Hieromartyrs Dionysius of Alexandria, Bishop of Alexandria, and the Deacons Gaius and Faustus (264-265)
 * Martyr Charitina of Amisus (304)   (see also: September 4, January 15)
 * Hieromartyr Hermogenes the Wonderworker, Bishop of Samos, whose relics are in Cyprus.
 * Martyr Mamelta (Mamelchtha) of Persia (344)
 * Saint Gregory (Grigol), Archimandrite of Khandzta in the Klarjeti desert, Georgia (861)
 * St. Cosmas, Abbot, in Bithynia (10th century)

Pre-Schism Western saints

 * Saint Palmatius and Companions, martyrs in Trier in Germany under Maximian Herculeus (c. 287)
 * Saint Boniface, one of the martyrs with St Palmatius and Companions in Trier in Germany (c. 287)
 * Saint Alexander, one of the 'innumerable multitude' martyred in Trier in Germany under Diocletian (3rd century)
 * Saint Marcellinus of Ravenna, the second or third Bishop of Ravenna in Italy (3rd century)
 * Saints Firmatus, a Deacon, and Flaviana, a virgin, venerated as martyrs in Auxerre in France.
 * Saint Apollinaris of Valence (Aiplonay), Bishop of Valence (c. 520)
 * Saint Galla of Rome, a lady in Rome who, as a widow, led the life of an anchoress on the Vatican Hill, where she died of breast cancer (c. 550)
 * Saint Magdalveus (Madalveus, Mauvé), a monk at St Vannes and later (c 736) Bishop of Verdun (776)
 * Saint Meinulph, founder of the monastery of Böddeken in Westphalia in Germany (c. 859)
 * Saint Aymard of Cluny, Abbot of Cluny in France (965)
 * Saint Attilanus, a Spanish Benedictine and Bishop of Zamora, he was prior of Moreruela Abbey (1009)

Post-Schism Orthodox saints

 * Saints Damian the Healer (1071), and Saints Jeremiah (c. 1070)  and Matthew (c. 1085), clairvoyants, of the Kiev Caves.
 * Saint John (Mavropos), Metropolitan of Euchaita (1100)
 * Saint Charitina, Princess of Lithuania (1281)
 * Saint Sabbas the Fool-for-Christ, of Vatopedi monastery, Mt. Athos (1350)  (see also: June 15 )
 * Saint Varlaam, desert-dweller of Chikoysk (1846)
 * Venerable Methodia, recluse, of Kimolos (1908)
 * Saint Seraphim (Amelin), schema-archimandrite of Glinsk Hermitage (1958)

New Martys and Confessors

 * New Hiero-confessor Gabriel (Igoshkin), Archimandrite, of Melekess (Saratov), Confessor (1959)

Other commemorations

 * Synaxis of the Venerable Fathers and Mothers of the Klarjeti Wilderness, holy fellow-strugglers of St. Gregory of Khandzta (9th century)
 * Synaxis of the Hierarchs of Moscow:
 * Saints Peter (1326), Theognostus (1353), Alexis (1378), Cyprian (1406), Photius (1431), Jonah (1461),  Gerontius (1489), Ioasaph (1555), Macarius (1563), Philip (1569), Job (1607), Hermogenes (1612), Philaret (1867), Innocent (Veniaminov) (1879), Tikhon (1925), Macarius II (1926), and Peter (Polyansky) (1937), Hierarchs of Moscow.

 * Synaxis of All Saints Who Shone Forth in the Iberian Peninsula (established 2018) — (On the Sunday before October 12 — between October 5-11 )
 * Uncovering of the relics (1841) of Venerable Eudocimus the Unknown, monk of Vatopedi monastery, Mt. Athos.
 * Uncovering of the relics (1985) of New Hiero-confessor Basil (Preobrazhensky), Bishop of Kineshma (1945)
 * Repose of Nun Agnia (Countess Anna Orlova-Chesmenskaya) of Novgorod (1848)
 * Repose of Hieroschemamonk Paisius (Olaru) of Sihastria, Romania (1990)

title: October 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)


text: User talk:69.164.25.236

title: User talk:69.164.25.236


text:
Talk:The NeverEnding Story (film)

Untitled
I started this article so the original page could be used to describe the novel and give a brief description of the franchise. This film is important enough to have it's own article anyway. Buzda - 4 Oct 2005

Movie dates
I reverted the movie dates, the correct information was there previously, and consistent with IMDB:

http://www.imdb.com/find?q=neverending%20story;s=all

Length of plot "summary"
Am I the only one who feels that the plot summary delves into a bit too much detail? I really think plot summaries are supposed to give the reader a general idea of the plot of the film, not to serve as a suitable replacement for watching the movie. I've voiced this opinion in other articles related to entertainment media (such as TV shows) and have been shot down either by fans or those who feel there is no such thing as 'too much' information on Wikipedia. I was just wondering what the general consensus was in this case. =) —  Indi  [ talk ] 15:04, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed, the sumary itself realy drops in terms of detail about half-way through, making it seem a bit inconsistant anyway. It could easily be trimmed into a two to three paragraph summary without straying too far from what we have now.

Breaking the Fourth Wall
People who've seen the movie are already quite familiar with the way the narative relates Bastian in 'reality' to the characters in the book. While it does technicaly go beyond breaking the fourth wall in terms of metafiction (as, for example, Atreyu can hear bastian screaming as he reads the book...) However, I find that people are genuinely ignorant of the film's further attempt to break the naratives actual fourth wall and make the characters take notice of the film audience. The most obvious example (and frequently overlooked among movie viewers for some reason...) involves the Childlike Empress's dialogue to Atreyu in which she explains to him that 'others' are sharing in Bastian's story in the same way he is sharing in Atreyu's. I've added a bit to the Trivia section, as it seems to be the best place to put it right now... if it belongs somewhere else (such as the sumary of the book, I don't know if the same method is incorperated to point Bastian to the reader) or in the summary somehow, I'd greatly appreciate this fact finding a place on wikipedia, as my experience finds it to be overlooked far to frequently by the general public.

 * In the book, a similar statement is made during the Childlike Empress' travels to find the Old Man of Wandering Mountain. Of course, since it is a book and not a movie, it refers to the reader instead of the audience. Is this point still relevant? I didn't find it anywhere in the article.ESemmel (talk) 00:16, 2 April 2010 (UTC)

 * I took that reference to the (real) audience as the punchline to the film, partly because the Empress used the name of the film in her explanation, so I've added a sentence about her explanation to the plot summary. I've also tidied up the next couple of sentences.  I think an explicit discussion about the fourth-wall breaking would be worthwhile in a different section, but as it seems to have been long-since removed I will leave its addition or reinstatement to the disgression of other editors. Pastychomper (talk) 14:45, 27 August 2018 (UTC)

Article name
If, as the article says, the movie is "better known by its English title 'The NeverEnding Story'" then shouldn't that be the title of the article? -- Chuq 08:57, 29 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes; that is actually official policy:
 * "Generally, article naming should give priority to what the majority of English speakers would most easily recognize, with a reasonable minimum of ambiguity, while at the same time making linking to those articles easy and second nature. (from Naming conventions)"
 * --SigPig 16:19, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

Requested move
Die Unendliche Geschichte (film) → The NeverEnding Story (film) – English title is better known in English-speaking world; should therefore be named in English in accordance with Naming Conventions policy; article was originally named The NeverEnding Story, but moved to current title on basis of its entry at IMDb (IMDb is NOT the final arbiter of what movies are called on Wikipedia) SigPig 16:31, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

Survey
Add "* Support" or "* Oppose" followed by an optional one-sentence explanation, then sign your opinion with ~

 * Support. (Obviously). --SigPig 16:33, 29 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Support. This is English Wikipedia so the title should be in English despite what the title was in the original language.--NeilEvans 18:59, 29 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Support per naming conventions.--Srleffler 01:42, 30 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Support - I'll give it another day and if they is no opposition I'll move the article. (Shouldn't be a problem considering that the page was moved here without a vote at all) -- Chuq 02:51, 30 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Support ~ trialsanderrors 05:53, 30 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Support Daniel.Bryant 10:33, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

Consensus reached; page has been moved -- Chuq 00:09, 2 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Actually, revisiting this, I don't see the need for the (film) suffix. I just redirected The NeverEnding Story here. ~ trialsanderrors 23:23, 19 October 2006 (UTC)

Structural Organization of Page
I think this page should be reorganized. I see no reason to omit a well written and full plot summary, although, it would make sense for there to be a smaller summary at the top (a paragraph would do). There should also be a full analisys section. Discussion of breaking the fourth wall would best go there and could link to many other stories, plays and movies that conceptually fall into the same category. Pointing out differences between the original source material and the story presented in the movie would also be useful. -- Jcolbyk 16:19, 22 November 2006 (UTC)

Trivia
I just found the following line on the book article; I wanted to move it here, but wanted to see if anyone else could verify it first before I post it. samwaltz 22:52, 24 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Nice coincidence. I tried to source it a couple of days ago. Couldn't find one. (except forums and wikipedia mirrors). I wouldn't post it. Garion96 (talk) 22:09, 25 March 2007 (UTC)

 * It's an urban legend. I found two sites with Google (Keywords: artax horse died filming) that said the horse was trained to allow himself to be lowered neck-deep in mud.  However, it still panicked, and hurt Noah Hathaway so that he had to be checked at a hospital.

 * "The film’s most difficult scene took place in 'The Swamp of Sorrow. 'Hathaway spent four weeks covered in mud, during one of Germany’s hottest summers in 200 years. During the scene, Atreyu’s horse, Artax, must also be buried in the mud. The horse used in the shot had to be trained for several months, to prevent its panicking while buried up to its nose in mud. To celebrate the end of filming under such harrowing circumstances, the actors and crew engaged in a giant-and messy-mud fight."

Swamp of Sorrow

 * "Bordering on cruelty to animals, the horse portraying Artax was chained to a lifting platform which could slowly be lowered into the swamp. To ensure that the horse would not be mentally damaged, he was carefully trained for weeks by horse coach Tony Smart. In addition, a deep ditch was dug between the accommodation halls and filled with water through which the horse was led again and again. The training was nevertheless insufficient, as R. Eyssen tells in his book, for the horse did not let the sadness of the swamp get to him and he did not go down without a fight. With an energetic jerk of the heading, the horse caused Noah to splash into the swamp and hurt his leg to the edge of the lifting platform. As dirty as he was, Noah was immediately driven to the hospital. The physician on duty must really have been surprised to treat a mudd-covered Indian boy carried by a man in a white paper suit and hearing a tale about lifting platforms, swamps and horses. Fortunately Noah was back on the set after a mere two days."

quoted from R. Esseyn —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

This scene was also problematical to shoot for other reasons: according to what a guide on a tour through the Bavaria Studios told, they simply used mud from the riverbank of the Isar. But this mud has been full of mosquito larvae which, caused by the heat of the spotlights, eclosed. So the hole Studio was full of mosquitos, which had to be blown out with fans. --84.159.231.185 (talk) 17:53, 14 March 2008 (UTC)

It was a difficult scene to shoot but the horse DID NOT DIE. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0088323/trivia — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:8804:8A04:D100:345A:4A6F:CD1A:9D13 (talk) 17:12, 24 May 2020 (UTC)

Release dates
Do we really need all those release dates for the different countries. I think it would be better if it only states the dates of its first international release.--NeilEvans 16:39, 26 March 2007 (UTC)
 * I still have to check the original release, but since it was a US and German co-production I kept the US and German release dates. I removed the other ones. Garion96 (talk) 17:58, 26 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah that looks a lot better, we could go on forever adding release dates for different countries.--NeilEvans 21:16, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

Neverending Story 4?
Hey, I was recently in Israel and I was flipping through European cable channels when I found a movie titled "The NeverEnding Story 4." It was in English and the actors were speaking in American accents. It's been years since I last saw the old movies (although they were favorites of mine as a kid) and almost as long since I read the book, but I managed to recognize Atreyu. I tried to sit through it for a while out of morbid curiosity, but it was just too painful. Later, I tried to look it up online, but there was nothing listed anywhere. What the heck did I see? -- 6 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Perhaps it was the TV mini-series that you saw, it has four episodes. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0271308/ --Mickea 10:51, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

We can hope that they will never make a fourth horrible sequel to this mediocre movie. What they need to do is make an entirely new movie that if much closer to the book, instead of a cheap imitation that doesn't follow the stories in the book. The third one was a sad attempt to make money, nothing more. --Preator1 (talk) 01:09, 8 January 2010 (UTC)

This was in the Trivia section...

 * In the scene where fantastic creatures gather in the ivory tower, you can see the figures of Gumby, Mickey Mouse, E.T. and a few Ewoks at the back of the crowd.

 * Honestly, I can't remember this, so I moved that here as an unsourced statement. 夢の騎士 Yume no Kishi - Talk 11:31, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Just because you cant remember it you removed it? If you forget the atomic weight of gold are you going to remove that too?? 71.53.12.84 (talk) 04:15, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nes falcor.jpg
Image:Nes falcor.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 05:20, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nes cle and a.jpg
Image:Nes cle and a.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 05:21, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Nes 1.jpg
Image:Nes 1.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 05:21, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Tnes.jpg
Image:Tnes.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 01:32, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

Characters list
I'm changing the characters list to a cast list similar to the ones seen in The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe and the Golden Compass articles. The character descriptions are unnecessarily long, and the character's names already link to the series' main character page. Any feedback is welcome.

S. Luke 10:58, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

Moonchild
A common source of confusion is what Bastian shouts when he names the Childlike Empress. The audio's not especially clear at this point and there's a lot of background noise, however we know the name is Moonchild. This is the same name used in the novel and it is further proven by it's inclusion in the script, which is readily available online (this copy comes from the film's official site). S. Luke (talk) 09:40, 22 December 2008 (UTC)

 * That might be in the book, and the script online, but it doesn't really make any sense in context of the film produced nor does it sound anything like what he yells. (Online scripts do not always match actual spoken dialogue 100%) I'm not going to change it because it's sourced, but put me in the "highly skeptical/I don't believe it" camp.--T. Anthony (talk) 03:19, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

 * The audio on the Blu-Ray is cleaned up a lot and it's much more obvious. It's also noted in the captioning. Eticketjedi (talk) 01:52, 22 March 2010 (UTC)

 * My DVD copy doesn't have a subtitle when he shouts the name. Is it possible that the BlueRay subtitle is some sort of ret-con of the name? Just because the script contains the name does not imply that it's film canon, especially if it's inaudible and absent in the subtitles. That's very compelling (and intential) evidence that the name was not meant to be known, from the audiences' point of view. If that was all were had, I would say the name should not be mentioned in the plot summary because there's (intentionally) no on-screen proof of it. Maybe in the trivia section. However the BlueRay complicates this issue. Perhaps this should be mentioned in the article; the fact that all original versions of the film, excluding the most recent released version (released 23-26 years later), explicitly keep the name secret. Elnauron (talk) 02:38, 22 November 2010 (UTC)
 * I agree with this. I happened to re-read this article today, and was shocked that the article mentioned "Moonchild" as her name, seeing as how for decades now everyone associated with the film, and every fan of the film, has claimed that the name is unknown. No source every claimed otherwise until the BluRay showed up, apparently. User:KyleGoetz —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.11.202.195 (talk) 19:05, 8 January 2011 (UTC)
 * You mean the name is indistinguishable. Inaudible means unable to be heard. That's not the case, since you can clearly hear that something is being yelled. Whether or not the name was **meant** to be heard is speculation. It's just as likely that it's an error of sound mixing. -- 70.58.92.168 (talk) 21:54, 15 September 2011 (UTC)
 * The reason "moonchild" is hard to understand is, that the actor had to pronounce it in a way in which the German dub would fit the movement of his mouth. In the Germam version it's however clearly "Mondenkind" ("moonchild").81.210.137.13 (talk) 14:56, 23 September 2011 (UTC)
 * I stand corrected; indistinguishable is a better word to use. But the fact remains that on my DVD copy, the name Bastian yells has no captioning in all 3 closed caption languages (English, French, and Spanish). That is a deliberate action, taken by the people responsible for the movie, to conceal the name. Elnauron (talk) 19:26, 1 April 2012 (UTC)
 * I know this is old, but I always wanted to know what the name was. Bastian says he is going to name her after his mother, who 'had the most beautiful name'. Was his mother REALLY named Moon Child??? I have not read the book.Robbmonster (talk) 14:11, 12 January 2019 (UTC)

CamelCase
I would like to know the justification for spelling the title of the film (but not the title of the book) in CamelCase. Graphic designers do all sorts of things with typefaces when creating posters and related materials, but we don't carry that over onto Wikipedia with articles called Harry Potter AND THE GOBLET OF FIRE or happy-go-lucky. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 163.231.6.85 (talk) 15:48, 1 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I'd suggest moving the article to the grammatically correct spelling as well. All four of the "External Link" movie databases spell the film "The Neverending Story", with only one also giving the camel case spelling used here.--Roentgenium111 (talk) 17:55, 31 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1. Those two examples don't work because they're fairly normal cases; "The NeverEnding Story" is a very obvious and unusual choice.
 * 2. Movie databases aren't very helpful; see the above move request... though it's funny that IMDb uses "NeverEnding" these days.
 * 3. Various releases of the trilogy keep the convention. It's not particularly consistent throughout the years, but at the same time it is. I don't really see why we should use anything other than "NeverEnding", given the circumstances. Despatche (talk) 15:04, 22 April 2012 (UTC)
 * I also strongly suggest moving the article to the grammatically correct spelling, despite the number of things that Despatche doesn't really see. CamelCase looks idiotic, is found on only some of the posters for the film, and it's inconsistent with the translated title of the book after which the movie was named. Not only that, but it's inconsistent with the title as it appears within the movie. Do you need more evidence than the cover of the book as it appears in the film? If so, that, right there, pretty much automatically disqualifies your opinion. Look at the cover of the book Bastion is reading in the film. See? I know that the visuals of the movie's title screen are confusing to some people, but title screens often have quirky visuals. I understand that Despatche thinks CamelCase is cool. So what? Wikipedia isn't his coloring book. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:880:C080:430F:7571:6623:F62D:FA1F (talk) 23:26, 13 April 2019 (UTC)

Garden of Eartly Delights
The ivory tower very closely resembles the towers in the left and center panels of Heironymous Bosch's Garden of Earthly Delights. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Garden_delights.jpg —Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.146.148.67 (talk) 16:00, 25 November 2009 (UTC)

Remake?
Does anyone have any details on a potential remake? See IMDB:  Khalfani  Khaldun  19:22, 21 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Let's hope it never happens. More original stories please!Robbmonster (talk) 14:18, 12 January 2019 (UTC)

Influence on Making of Children's Movies / Family Films
If anyone has sources, could you add a section for the influence of the movie on the making of children's films? I remember seeing a documentary years ago about the evolution of children's films, and that The Neverending Story was one of those films that broke out of restrictions of the genre. Thanks. Thelema418 (talk) 21:05, 30 July 2012 (UTC)

Countries
Hello. I am finding a couple of issues with regards to the country of origin. For example, Allmovie lists the countries as the United States, UK and Germany. However, the American Film Institute does not include the Neverending Story anywhere. Thoughts? Lord Sjones23 (talk - contributions) 00:40, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * BFI and New York Times reckon it's just German, so I would go with that. Betty Logan (talk) 08:29, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * That doesn't explain why it was film in English. If it a purely german production, it would have been filmed in German. Usually when a story's film rights are sold, the film company which purchases those rights owns the intellectual property rights of that film. They then hire a producer and the producer is in charge of getting the film completed. If we can determine which company purchased those rights, that should help determine the country of origin. As the article is written now, it says that it was a joint German/American film. There are some sources that back that up, although none of them that I can see explain how the film went from book to screen, or who purchased the intellectual film rights to the property. I would say at this point that since the article, and some sources, state that it was a joint German/American film, that it should stay that way for now. However, this is the English Language Wikipedia. Of those two countries, the United States is the English speaking country. Therefore it should defer to the US spellings and date code. This article was also started with the US date code and per WP:DATERET should retain those dates.-- JOJ Hutton  12:56, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Per MOS:FILM, we do not have to identify multiple countries in the lead sentence: "If the film's nationality is singularly defined by reliable sources (e.g., being called an American film), it should be identified in the opening sentence. If the nationality is not singular, cover the different national interests later in the lead section." This is especially applicable when one of the countries is not obvious, and we need room to explain co-productions, which are different from film to film. Here we can say "English-language" instead as some other articles have done, and we can explain the American and German backgrounds later in the lead section. Erik (talk | contribs) 16:27, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Country of origin is debatable and of course somewhat ambiguous in this case. But I think the major decision here is to how the date(s) of release are to be formatted in the infobox. Sjornes has changed it twice last year and again yesterday without any explanation in the edit summery. The first time that a date was added was with a US date Format here. Certain guidelines are in play here. One is WP:RETAIN. The other is WP:DATERET, and another is WP:STRONGNAT. The article has a stronger tie to the United States than to any other English speaking country.-- JOJ Hutton  16:41, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I cannot find any reference to American involvement other than its distribution by Warner. This article in People magazine states "there are two versions, one in German, the other in English" and it is "the most expensive German production in history". Historically it was not uncommon for German companies to produce two language versions—one for the home market and another for the English market. Given the fact it was produced by German companies in Germany with a German crew it does seem to satisfy WP:TIES on balance. Betty Logan (talk) 17:03, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * If it was just two versions, a German language film and dubbed to an English version, that would an easy call, but the film was created in English. If was dubbed German (I assume it was dubbed, could just be subtitled in German). German films are filmed in German, not English.-- JOJ Hutton  17:10, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Basically, per WP:FILMRELEASE, if the film was released in the country of origin indicate the film's earliest releases, even if it was released a different country. Hence that is why I changed it. For example, some films like The Fifth Element is a French-produced film, but the original language is English. Therefore, I think we should do the same with regards to the NeverEnding Story. Lord Sjones23 (talk - contributions) 18:17, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

 * It is curious as to why it was filmed in English, since films are usually filmed in the native language. This is what I dug up: it was apparently a contractual obligation with Warner who invested some money: It's also true that we filmed THE NEVER ENDING STORY in English, with young Americans playing the major roles, but this was only to meet Warner Brothers, the American investor, half-way and still maintain complete freedom and final control over the last cut. On the basis of this it appears Warner was just an investor. The Fifth Element is a good example — it is rare but not unprecedented for foreign films to filmed in English. Betty Logan (talk) 18:34, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Investor means that money changed hands. which means that they helped finance the film, which means that they are part of the project. If an American company is part of the project then they are in a joint venture with whatever company is also providing finance.-- JOJ Hutton  18:45, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Being an investor doesn't necessarily make you a co-creator. Many films are internationally financed these days: Avatar had British finance, Fight Club German, Terminator 2 French, the Spiderman films Japanese, but they were still made by American studios, with the copyright attributed to American companies. Many films are financed through equity partners these days such as Intermedia which is made up of investors from all around the world. Other times investment can sometimes just amount to pre-selling distribution territories. According to the BFI Warner wasn't a co-producer nor did it share in the copyright, so this movie isn't a co-production in the sense that it helped to mount the film, it just had some outside investment. The difference between the two are explained in more detail at the Lumiere database. Betty Logan (talk) 19:04, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

 * It definitely is a German film production, not an American one. The unusually high budget for a German film made it necessary to find co-financers (co-funding, pre-contracts on distribution) and to produce the movie for the international film market from the very first beginning. These both aspects are the reasons why it was shot in English instead of German. And this again is the reason why the majority of the cast were from English speaking countries (but not all). I know this from intense research on the film's genesis; it was my favourite film through my childhood days. My Sources: ISBN 9783453020016 (Remy Eyssen: Der Film "Die undendliche Geschichte". Story - Dreharbeiten - Hintergrundberichte) and ISBN 9783423102605 (Ulli Pfau: Phantásien in Halle 4/5, Michael Endes Unendliche Geschichte und ihre Verfilmung). -- Großkatze (talk) 17:31, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

RFC: Should we mention the NeverEnding Story as an "English-language German film"?
Should we mention the NeverEnding Story as an "English-language German film"? As with The Fifth Element, The NeverEnding Story was obviously a foreign film and as with some others, it's rare if it is done in English. However, in those particular cases, the film was produced in a foreign country and recorded in the English-language. In addition, WP:FILMRELEASE states that film release dates should be restricted to its earliest releases, whether at a film festival, and the release date of the country of origin. Lord Sjones23 (talk - contributions) 18:56, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

Survey

 * Support the phrase "English-language German film". There seems to be the contention that The NeverEnding Story is a German-American co-production on the basis that Warner provided some investment. I disagree that the investment is a factor in this case based on the following reasons:
 * Investment is different to production. Investment can be provided by several means such as through international financiers and pre-selling distribution territories. Investing in a film does not automatically confer on you a share of the copyright. The BFI indicate that Warner is not a copyright-holder.
 * Films such as Avatar and Fight Club and many other Hollywood films received international financing, but we don't consider them international co-productions; they are considered American films.
 * There is no cultural or legal criteria for defining the nationality of a film. The Lumiere Project draws a distinction between co-producers and investors in determining nationality (See "Country of Origin").
 * It is original research to deduce nationality by our own criteria, and we should rely on sources. Both the British Film Institute and the New York Times state it is a German film.
 * Infobox film states for the "country" field: For reasons explained below preference is given to reliable databases like BFI, AFI, or Variety. Some call it the country(s) of production, while other simply call it the country(s) or nationality. If there is a conflict of information in various reliable sources, then list only the common published nations. Alternatively in the case of conflict, consider leaving this field blank and discussing the issue in the article.
 * Betty Logan (talk) 19:26, 1 July 2013 (UTC)

 * Support per Betty's points. Having worked on Fight Club, I've seen Germany listed on seemingly equal ground with the United States for the film even though its involvement was minor. The proposed phrase here works for me. Erik (talk | contribs) 20:07, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Support. English-language foreign films happen sometimes. Betty Logan's arguments have won me over on this film. NinjaRobotPirate (talk) 16:29, 14 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Support. It is a German production, of a German novel. Part of the funding was provided by Warner Brothers, and the film was prepared for an English-Language Release. It was not produced by Warner Brothers specifically.Colliric (talk) 01:55, 21 August 2013 (UTC)

Maintenance
The 18:05, 22 May 2017 edit modified the former introduction sentence "The NeverEnding Story (German: Die unendliche Geschichte) is a 1984 West German-produced English language epic fantasy film based on..." into the wrong "The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on...". This edit is unsourced, ironically arguing "I cannot find any citations saying that this is not solely an American production." in the edit summary. I revert this, according to the talk page results in the section "Countries" and in this section here, as well as according to my sources ISBN 9783453020016 (Remy Eyssen: Der Film "Die undendliche Geschichte". Story - Dreharbeiten - Hintergrundberichte) and ISBN 9783423102605 (Ulli Pfau: Phantásien in Halle 4/5, Michael Endes Unendliche Geschichte und ihre Verfilmung). -- Großkatze (talk) 17:56, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

Ypres and the Swamps of Sadness
The Swamps of Sadness have stylistic similarities to post-WW1 representations of Ypres. If this has been noted by worthwhile authorities, please could it be mentioned. — Preceding unsigned comment added by JDAWiseman (talk • contribs) 18:57, 17 May 2014 (UTC)

Distributor(s)
The 18:07, 22 May 2017 edit reduced the distributors plainlist from Neue Constantin Film, Warner Bros. to Warner Bros. only, arguing "There is no need to specify distributors from all the different countries. The main one is the only one that should be listed."

But who is the main distributor if there are several? – Imdb.com lists 28 distributors for this movie:

Neue Constantin Film (1984) (West Germany) (theatrical) Concorde Film (1984) (Netherlands) (theatrical) Warner Bros. (1984) (USA) (theatrical) Warner-Columbia Films (1985) (Argentina) (theatrical) Warner Home Video (1985) (USA) (video) (laserdisc) Home Video Hellas (HVH) (1987) (Greece) (VHS) Warner Home Video (1991) (USA) (video) (laserdisc) Warner Home Video (1992) (USA) (VHS) Constantin Video (1994) (Germany) (video) (laserdisc) Warner Home Video (1995) (USA) (VHS) Warner Bros. Family Entertainment (2001) (USA) (DVD) Warner Home Vídeo (2001) (Brazil) (DVD) Universum Film (UFA) (2002) (Germany) (DVD) Universum Film (UFA) (2002) (Germany) (VHS) Dutch FilmWorks (DFW) (2003) (Netherlands) (DVD) Universum Film (UFA) (2003) (Germany) (DVD) (special edition) Suevia Films (2004) (Spain) (DVD) Warner Home Video (2006) (USA) (DVD) Dutch FilmWorks (DFW) (2008) (Netherlands) (Blu-ray) (DVD) Empire (2008) (Romania) (DVD) Warner Home Video (2008) (Germany) (DVD) (Wolfgang Petersen Film Collection) Universum Film (UFA) (2009) (Germany) (DVD) (special edition) Universum Film (UFA) (2010) (Germany) (DVD) (KulturSPIEGEL Edition Play) Warner Home Video (2010) (USA) (Blu-ray) (video) Fathom Events (2016) (USA) (theatrical) (re-release) Argentina Video Home (Argentina) (VHS) Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) (1988) (USA) (TV) Warner Home Vídeo (Brazil) (VHS)

As the same editor faulty regarded the movie an solely American production he might be wrong with his Warner choice. As it was a mainly German production it seems confused to mention the American partner only.

How should we deal with that? -- Großkatze (talk) 18:36, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

 * Betty Logan brought back the former listing. So it might stay if there is no concern from others. -- Großkatze (talk) 19:04, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

 * Comment I have fully reverted the anonymous editor's edits because they were largely suspect. The IP clearly didn't look too hard for sources because the Christine Haase book used as a source for the gross and the budget states it was produced in Munich and co-financed by German and American companies. This seems to be backed up by the Lumiere database which states is was co-produced by both German and the United States. I have also reinstated the original German budget because it was funded in Deutschmarks and the dollar figure is just a conversion. As for the distributors WP:FILMDIST states "the distributor(s) should be restricted to the country or countries that produced the film and (if different) the country where the film is first released." I think this covers all of your concerns. Betty Logan (talk) 19:10, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

 * Fine! Thanks for your assistance. -- Großkatze (talk) 19:17, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

Box office
The current copy says "Almost five million people went in Germany…" If this means that there was a 5m audience for the film in Germany, I think that could be more clearly expressed. I doubt very much if if it means 'went to the toilet' or anything similarly weird, but as it stands the text is just kind of hanging on an implication. Grubstreet (talk) 21:41, 12 June 2017 (UTC)
 * I have added some clarification. Betty Logan (talk) 21:45, 12 June 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 03:06, 23 January 2019 (UTC)
 * AURYN 72.JPG

Dubbing
In 2010 Noah Hathaway admitted his voice was dubbed by another actor in "The Neverending Story". (86.140.123.45 (talk) 17:34, 21 January 2022 (UTC))

title: Talk:The NeverEnding Story (film)


text:
User talk:ARIEL SCHWAB

HI MY NAME IS ARIEL SCHWAB. MY HUSBAND COREY SCHWAB PLAYS IN THE NHL FOR THE NEW JERSEY DEVILS. HE BACKS UP MARTIN (MARTY) BRODEUR. THE MAIN GOALIE FOR THE DEVILS. AS YOU MAY HAVE HEARD COREY WILL BE RETIRING HIS JERSEY NUMBER 35 WHEN HE RETIRES. COREY'S SON AUSTIN WILL ALSO BE PLAYING HOCKEY LIKE HIS DAD AND WILL PROBABLY BE A GAOLIE. BUT RIGHT NOW AUSTIN'S JUST FOCUSED ON BEING A KID. MY SON ERICE IS GOING TO BE A GOALIE TOO, BUT HE'S NOT SURE WHEN HE'LL BE PLAYING. I SAY NO FOR AWHILE AS HE HAS YET TO BE TAUGHT ANYTHING AS A GOALIE BY MY HUSBAND. ANYWAYS, I BETTER GET BACK TOO MY DAILY LIFE WITH MY FAMILY AND FRIENDS BUT I'LL BE BACK QUITE SOON. THANKS FOR READING MY NEWSLETTER, ARIEL.

COMMENTS ON THE NEWSLETTER!
HI! EVERYONE AND WELCOME TO MY DISCUSSION ROOM. FEEL FREE TO SAY WHAT'S ON YOUR MIND AND DON'T BE AFRAID TO POINT FINGERS AT SOMEONE. NO ONE WILL CRITIZE YOU HERE. BECAUSE I DON'T ALLOW IT.

title: User talk:ARIEL SCHWAB


text: User:Vanished user 456745753784/Header

title: User:Vanished user 456745753784/Header


text:
Martial law (disambiguation)

Martial law is the imposition of military rule.

Martial law may also refer to:

 * Martial Law (TV series), a late 1990s television series
 * Martial Law (1991 film), the 1991 film starring David Carradine
 * Martial Law 2: Undercover, 1991 film

Marshal or Marshall law may refer to:

 * Marshal Law (comics)
 * Marshal Law, the 1996 film starring Jimmy Smits
 * Marshall Law (TV series), an Australian television series
 * Marshall Law (Tekken), a character of the Tekken series

title: Martial law (disambiguation)


text:
John C. Campbell Folk School

The John C. Campbell Folk School, also referred to as "The Folk School", is located in Brasstown, North Carolina. It is the oldest and largest folk school in the United States. It is a non-profit adult educational organization based on non-competitive learning. The Folk School offers classes year-round in over fifty subject areas including art, craft, music, dance, and nature studies. Established in 1925, the Folk School's motto is "I sing behind the plow".

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a national historic district in 1983. The district encompasses 19 contributing buildings. Notable buildings include the Farm House (pre-1925), Keith House (1926-1928), Log House Museum (19th century, 1926), Mill House (1928), (Former) Milking Barn (now Clay Spencer Blacksmith Shop, c. 1930), Hay Barn (1931), Tower House (1933), Rock House (c. 1932), and Hill House (c. 1932).

The Folk School has more than 800 week-long and weekend classes year-round in traditional and contemporary arts, including blacksmithing, music, dance, cooking, gardening, nature studies, photography, storytelling, and writing. The 300-acre campus includes a history museum, craft shop, nature trails, lodging, campground, and cafeteria. The school also holds a regular concert series and community dances. The Folk School engages the community through a variety of dance teams including: Rapper Magic Sword, StiX in the Mud Border Morris, Dame's Rocket Northwest Clog, Rural Felicity Garland, and the JCCFS Cloggers.

The Folk School hosts more than 6,000 adult students and 100,000 visitors per year.

The Fall Festival is the Folk School’s largest annual event, attracting thousands of people to the campus for crafts, food, and folk demonstrations. The festival has been held every year since 1974, except for 2020 and 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Since at least 1954, the Folk School has also hosted an annual summer arts program for children called Little Middle. The Folk School launched its annual Friends & Family Day in 2022 for the community to tour studios and see demonstrations.

History of the Folk School
After spending eighteen months traveling between Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland, visiting local schools along the way, Olive Dame Campbell and her colleague Marguerite Butler, began forming the John C. Campbell Folk School in 1925 in Brasstown, North Carolina, along the Cherokee County and Clay line. This folk high school, or folkehøjskole, was dedicated to her late husband John C. Campbell, and was based on the Danish Folk School style of non competitive education, where no grades were given. Instead, students and teachers formed a community that worked together to help each other advance in various crafts such as blacksmithing. It was originally founded with an emphasis on agriculture and "the doing of life's work." John C. Campbell, (1867–1919) was an American educator and reformer noted for his survey of social conditions in the southern Appalachia. He was born in Indiana and raised in Wisconsin; he studied education and theology in New England.

At the turn of the century, the Southern Appalachian region of the United States was viewed as being in need of educational and social missions. Recently married to Olive Dame of Massachusetts, John undertook a fact-finding survey of social conditions in the mountains in 1908–1909. The Campbells outfitted a wagon as a traveling home and studied mountain life from Georgia to West Virginia.

While John interviewed farmers about their agricultural practices, Olive collected Appalachian ballads and studied the handicrafts of the mountain people. Both were hopeful that the quality of life could be improved by education, and in turn, wanted to preserve and share with the rest of the world the crafts, techniques and tools that the people of the area used in everyday life.

The Folkehøjskole had long been a force in the rural life of Denmark. These schools for life helped transform the Danish countryside into a vibrant, creative force. The Campbells talked of establishing such a school in the rural southern United States as an alternative to the higher-education facilities that drew young people away from the family farm.

Several locations were under consideration for the experimental school. On an exploratory trip, Miss Butler discussed the idea with Fred O. Scroggs, Brasstown's local storekeeper, saying that she would be back in a few weeks to determine if area residents had any interest in the idea. When she returned, it was to a meeting of over 200 people at the local church. The people of far west North Carolina enthusiastically pledged labor, building materials and other support.

The Brasstown Carvers started meeting at the Folk School in 1929. A wood-carved mule from the Folk School stood on President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Oval Office desk in the 1930s. The Folk School also operated a creamery in the 1930s. It was equipped to churn 6,000 pounds of butter a week, one-third of which was sold to businesses in Atlanta. The creamery produced ice cream and whole milk as well.

As late as 1934 the Folk School and Brasstown operated in its own time zone. At that time Cherokee County operated on Central time and Clay County ran on Eastern time. Due to frequent gatherings at the Folk School, Brasstown clocks were set half-way in-between to avoid confusion. When it was 1 p.m. in Murphy and 2 p.m. in Hayesville, it was 1:30 p.m. in Brasstown.

Class types offered
Craft classes include: Basketry; Carpentry; Glass beadmaking; Blacksmithing; Bookbinding; Broom Making; Dollmaking; Dyeing; Felt Making; Furniture Making; Lace; Leather; Metalwork; Needlework; Quilting; Rugs; Sewing; Soap Making; Spinning; Weaving; Woodturning; and Woodworking

Art classes include: Calligraphy; Clay; Drawing; Enameling; Glass; Jewelry; Kaleidoscopes; Knitting; Marbling; Mosaics; Painting; Paper Arts; Photography; Printmaking; Sculpture; and Woodcarving.

Other types of classes include: Baking; Cooking; Dance; Folklore; Gardening; Music; Nature Studies; Storytelling; and Writing.

Accolades
The Folk School was named one of “100 Best Vacations to Enrich Your Life” by National Geographic magazine in 2007 and named “Best of the Road” by Rand McNally Atlas in 2005.

Campus buildings
Note: Dates of construction given when known

Other buildings

 * Maintenance Building (2004)
 * Bidstrup House (1982)
 * Little House (1981)
 * Campground (1970s)
 * Log Barn (1970)
 * The Cottage (1960s)
 * History Center (1939, renovated 2018)
 * Log Cabin Museum (1897, reconstructed 1926)

Directors

 * 1) Olive Dame Campbell (1925-1946)
 * 2) Dagnall Folger (1946-1950)
 * 3) Howard Kester (1950-1951)
 * 4) George Bidstrup (1952-1967)
 * 5) John Ramsey (1967-1973)
 * 6) Wayne Kniffen (1973-1974)
 * 7) Gus and Maggie Masters (1974-1976)
 * 8) Esther Manchester (1976-1980)
 * 9) Bob Fink (1980-1985)
 * 10) Bob Grove (Interim) (1985)
 * 11) Ron Hill (1985-1991)
 * 12) Perry Kelley (Interim) (1991-1992)
 * 13) Jan Davidson (1992-2017)
 * 14) Phil Mattox (Interim) (2017)
 * 15) Jerry Jackson (2017-2023)
 * 16) Bethany Chaney (2023-present)

Notable alumni and educators

 * Aubrey Atwater – folk musician
 * Jason Bivens – Forged in Fire champion
 * Georgia Bonesteel – quilting teacher
 * Frank Brannon – book and paper artist and teacher
 * Cynthia Bringle – pottery instructor
 * Olive Dame Campbell – founder
 * Claire Cunningham – CEO and founder of Lessonface
 * Bob Dalsemer – former music and dance coordinator who was an internationally-known square and contra dance writer and caller
 * Bettye Kimbrell – quilting teacher
 * Homer Ledford – instrument maker and bluegrass musician
 * Susan Morgan Leveille – weaving teacher
 * Deborah Needleman – former editor-in-chief of WSJ and T: The New York Times Style Magazine attended in 2018
 * John Jacob Niles – composer and singer who first performed I Wonder as I Wander at the folk school
 * David Rakoff – writer, editor, and former board of directors member
 * Harley Refsal – wood carver
 * Jean Ritchie – singer, songwriter, and Appalachian dulcimer player
 * Francis Whitaker – blacksmith

title: John C. Campbell Folk School


text:
Blacksmith (disambiguation)

A blacksmith is an artisan specializing in the hand-wrought manufacture of ferrous (iron) metal objects.

Blacksmith may also refer to:

Places

 * Blacksmith Creek, a river in Kansas, United States
 * Blacksmith Run, a stream in Pennsylvania
 * Blacksmiths, New South Wales, a suburb of Lake Macquarie in New South Wales, Australia

Fictional

 * Blacksmith, a fictional town in the 1985 novel White Noise

Groups

 * Blacksmith Institute
 * Blacksmith Records, a record label founded by New York rapper Talib Kweli
 * Worshipful Company of Blacksmiths, one of the Livery Companies of the City of London, England

Music

 * Blacksmith (musical group), a British record production and remixing trio
 * Black Smith (album), a 1974 album by Jimmy Smith
 * "Blacksmith" (song), an English folk song

Film

 * Blacksmith Scene, an 1893 Kinetoscope film shot in Thomas Edison's Black Maria studio
 * Les Forgerons or The Blacksmiths, an 1895 French film directed by Louis Lumière
 * The Blacksmith, a 1922 film starring Buster Keaton
 * The Blacksmith (1944 film), 1944 Mexican film

Other

 * blacksmith, a character in the animated series Adventure Time
 * Blacksmith (comics), a DC Comics character and villain of the Flash
 * Black' Smith, a South Korean restaurant chain
 * Blacksmith (fish), a fish native to the eastern Pacific Ocean
 * Blacksmith (truck), a monster truck that used to run on the Monster Jam circuit
 * Henkka Seppälä (born 1980), a Finnish bassist nicknamed "Blacksmith"

title: Blacksmith (disambiguation)


text: Category:Exhibition and conference centres in London


text: Template:Centennial Conference navbox

title: Template:Centennial Conference navbox


text:
Belgioioso, Lombardy

Belgioioso or Belgiojoso (Belgios or Belgiojos ) is a town and comune in the Province of Pavia, region of Lombardy (northern Italy), with a population of 6,233 (2017).

It is 12 km east of the city of Pavia, between the Olona River and the Po River. Due to its geographical location, Belgioioso has become one of the southern suburbs of the city of Milan.

Belgioioso is noted for its medieval castle, the seat of the Belgioioso family. Francis I of France was held there after the Battle of Pavia.

Twin towns
Belgioioso is twinned with:

 * 🇫🇷 La Fouillouse, France

title: Belgioioso, Lombardy


text:
Algorithmic information theory

Algorithmic information theory (AIT) is a branch of theoretical computer science that concerns itself with the relationship between computation and information of computably generated objects (as opposed to stochastically generated), such as strings or any other data structure. In other words, it is shown within algorithmic information theory that computational incompressibility "mimics" (except for a constant that only depends on the chosen universal programming language) the relations or inequalities found in information theory. According to Gregory Chaitin, it is "the result of putting Shannon's information theory and Turing's computability theory into a cocktail shaker and shaking vigorously."

Besides the formalization of a universal measure for irreducible information content of computably generated objects, some main achievements of AIT were to show that: in fact algorithmic complexity follows (in the self-delimited case) the same inequalities (except for a constant ) that entropy does, as in classical information theory; randomness is incompressibility; and, within the realm of randomly generated software, the probability of occurrence of any data structure is of the order of the shortest program that generates it when running on a universal machine.

AIT principally studies measures of irreducible information content of strings (or other data structures). Because most mathematical objects can be described in terms of strings, or as the limit of a sequence of strings, it can be used to study a wide variety of mathematical objects, including integers. One of the main motivations behind AIT is the very study of the information carried by mathematical objects as in the field of metamathematics, e.g., as shown by the incompleteness results mentioned below. Other main motivations came from surpassing the limitations of classical information theory for single and fixed objects, formalizing the concept of randomness, and finding a meaningful probabilistic inference without prior knowledge of the probability distribution (e.g., whether it is independent and identically distributed, Markovian, or even stationary). In this way, AIT is known to be basically founded upon three main mathematical concepts and the relations between them: algorithmic complexity, algorithmic randomness, and algorithmic probability.

Overview
Algorithmic information theory principally studies complexity measures on strings (or other data structures). Because most mathematical objects can be described in terms of strings, or as the limit of a sequence of strings, it can be used to study a wide variety of mathematical objects, including integers.

Informally, from the point of view of algorithmic information theory, the information content of a string is equivalent to the length of the most-compressed possible self-contained representation of that string. A self-contained representation is essentially a program—in some fixed but otherwise irrelevant universal programming language—that, when run, outputs the original string.

From this point of view, a 3000-page encyclopedia actually contains less information than 3000 pages of completely random letters, despite the fact that the encyclopedia is much more useful. This is because to reconstruct the entire sequence of random letters, one must know what every single letter is. On the other hand, if every vowel were removed from the encyclopedia, someone with reasonable knowledge of the English language could reconstruct it, just as one could likely reconstruct the sentence "Ths sntnc hs lw nfrmtn cntnt" from the context and consonants present.

Unlike classical information theory, algorithmic information theory gives formal, rigorous definitions of a random string and a random infinite sequence that do not depend on physical or philosophical intuitions about nondeterminism or likelihood. (The set of random strings depends on the choice of the universal Turing machine used to define Kolmogorov complexity, but any choice gives identical asymptotic results because the Kolmogorov complexity of a string is invariant up to an additive constant depending only on the choice of universal Turing machine. For this reason the set of random infinite sequences is independent of the choice of universal machine.)

Some of the results of algorithmic information theory, such as Chaitin's incompleteness theorem, appear to challenge common mathematical and philosophical intuitions. Most notable among these is the construction of Chaitin's constant Ω, a real number that expresses the probability that a self-delimiting universal Turing machine will halt when its input is supplied by flips of a fair coin (sometimes thought of as the probability that a random computer program will eventually halt). Although Ω is easily defined, in any consistent axiomatizable theory one can only compute finitely many digits of Ω, so it is in some sense unknowable, providing an absolute limit on knowledge that is reminiscent of Gödel's incompleteness theorems. Although the digits of Ω cannot be determined, many properties of Ω are known; for example, it is an algorithmically random sequence and thus its binary digits are evenly distributed (in fact it is normal).

History
Algorithmic information theory was founded by Ray Solomonoff, who published the basic ideas on which the field is based as part of his invention of algorithmic probability—a way to overcome serious problems associated with the application of Bayes' rules in statistics. He first described his results at a Conference at Caltech in 1960, and in a report, February 1960, "A Preliminary Report on a General Theory of Inductive Inference." Algorithmic information theory was later developed independently by Andrey Kolmogorov, in 1965 and Gregory Chaitin, around 1966.

There are several variants of Kolmogorov complexity or algorithmic information; the most widely used one is based on self-delimiting programs and is mainly due to Leonid Levin (1974). Per Martin-Löf also contributed significantly to the information theory of infinite sequences. An axiomatic approach to algorithmic information theory based on the Blum axioms (Blum 1967) was introduced by Mark Burgin in a paper presented for publication by Andrey Kolmogorov (Burgin 1982). The axiomatic approach encompasses other approaches in the algorithmic information theory. It is possible to treat different measures of algorithmic information as particular cases of axiomatically defined measures of algorithmic information. Instead of proving similar theorems, such as the basic invariance theorem, for each particular measure, it is possible to easily deduce all such results from one corresponding theorem proved in the axiomatic setting. This is a general advantage of the axiomatic approach in mathematics. The axiomatic approach to algorithmic information theory was further developed in the book (Burgin 2005) and applied to software metrics (Burgin and Debnath, 2003; Debnath and Burgin, 2003).

Precise definitions
A binary string is said to be random if the Kolmogorov complexity of the string is at least the length of the string. A simple counting argument shows that some strings of any given length are random, and almost all strings are very close to being random. Since Kolmogorov complexity depends on a fixed choice of universal Turing machine (informally, a fixed "description language" in which the "descriptions" are given), the collection of random strings does depend on the choice of fixed universal machine. Nevertheless, the collection of random strings, as a whole, has similar properties regardless of the fixed machine, so one can (and often does) talk about the properties of random strings as a group without having to first specify a universal machine.

An infinite binary sequence is said to be random if, for some constant c, for all n, the Kolmogorov complexity of the initial segment of length n of the sequence is at least n − c. It can be shown that almost every sequence (from the point of view of the standard measure—"fair coin" or Lebesgue measure—on the space of infinite binary sequences) is random. Also, since it can be shown that the Kolmogorov complexity relative to two different universal machines differs by at most a constant, the collection of random infinite sequences does not depend on the choice of universal machine (in contrast to finite strings). This definition of randomness is usually called Martin-Löf randomness, after Per Martin-Löf, to distinguish it from other similar notions of randomness. It is also sometimes called 1-randomness to distinguish it from other stronger notions of randomness (2-randomness, 3-randomness, etc.). In addition to Martin-Löf randomness concepts, there are also recursive randomness, Schnorr randomness, and Kurtz randomness etc. Yongge Wang showed that all of these randomness concepts are different.

(Related definitions can be made for alphabets other than the set $$\{0,1\}$$.)

Specific sequence
Algorithmic information theory (AIT) is the information theory of individual objects, using computer science, and concerns itself with the relationship between computation, information, and randomness.

The information content or complexity of an object can be measured by the length of its shortest description. For instance the string

has the short description "32 repetitions of '01'", while

presumably has no simple description other than writing down the string itself.

More formally, the algorithmic complexity (AC) of a string x is defined as the length of the shortest program that computes or outputs x, where the program is run on some fixed reference universal computer.

A closely related notion is the probability that a universal computer outputs some string x when fed with a program chosen at random. This algorithmic "Solomonoff" probability (AP) is key in addressing the old philosophical problem of induction in a formal way.

The major drawback of AC and AP are their incomputability. Time-bounded "Levin" complexity penalizes a slow program by adding the logarithm of its running time to its length. This leads to computable variants of AC and AP, and universal "Levin" search (US) solves all inversion problems in optimal time (apart from some unrealistically large multiplicative constant).

AC and AP also allow a formal and rigorous definition of randomness of individual strings to not depend on physical or philosophical intuitions about non-determinism or likelihood. Roughly, a string is algorithmic "Martin-Löf" random (AR) if it is incompressible in the sense that its algorithmic complexity is equal to its length.

AC, AP, and AR are the core sub-disciplines of AIT, but AIT spawns into many other areas. It serves as the foundation of the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle, can simplify proofs in computational complexity theory, has been used to define a universal similarity metric between objects, solves the Maxwell daemon problem, and many others.

title: Algorithmic information theory