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Petit Trianon

The Petit Trianon (French for "small Trianon") is a Neoclassical style château located on the grounds of the Palace of Versailles in Versailles, France. It was built between 1762 and 1768 during the reign of King Louis XV of France. The Petit Trianon was constructed within the park of a larger royal retreat known as the Grand Trianon.

Design and construction
The Petit Trianon was built on the site of a botanical garden developed about a decade earlier by Louis XV, within the grounds of the Grand Trianon, Louis XIV's retreat from the Palace of Versailles to the southeast. It was designed by Ange-Jacques Gabriel by order of Louis XV for his long-term mistress, Madame de Pompadour, and was constructed between 1762 and 1768. Madame de Pompadour died four years before its completion, and the Petit Trianon was subsequently occupied by her successor, Madame du Barry. Upon his accession to the throne in 1774, the 20-year-old Louis XVI gave the château and its surrounding park to his 19-year-old Queen Marie Antoinette for her exclusive use and enjoyment.

The Petit Trianon is an example of the transition from the Rococo style of the earlier part of the 18th century to the Neoclassical style of the 1760s and onward. It attracts interest in its four façades, each designed according to that part of the estate it would face. The Corinthian order predominates, with two freestanding and two engaged columns on the side of the formal French garden, and pilasters facing both the courtyard and the area once occupied by Louis XV's greenhouses. Overlooking the former botanical garden of the king, the remaining façade was left bare.

Marie Antoinette would visit the Petit Trianon to escape the formality of court life and to rest from her royal responsibilities. Since all were de par la Reine (by order of the Queen), none were permitted to enter the property without the Queen's permission. Only the Queen's "inner circle" (including the princesse de Lamballe and Gabrielle de Polastron, duchesse de Polignac) were invited, which alienated the court nobility. In the spring of 1779, Marie Antoinette retired to the Petit Trianon to recover from illness after the birth of her daughter Marie-Thérèse. Her entire household came with her, as well as four male friends to attend her: the Duke of Coigny, the Duke of Guines, Count Valentin Esterhazy, and the Baron of Besenval. This was in violation of court etiquette, causing gossip to circulate at Versailles and "the malicious insinuations against her which became so common later on."

The building was designed to require as little interaction between guests and servants as possible. To that end, the table in the salles à manger (dining room) was conceived to be mobile, mechanically lowered and raised through the floorboards so that the servants below could set places while remaining unseen. The tables were never built, but the delineation for the mechanical apparatus can still be seen from the foundation.

In the attic, a suite was constructed for Louis XV by Ange-Jacques Gabriel, consisting of antechamber, bedroom, and a private chamber. A staircase led from his private chamber down to the mezzanine where Madame du Barry resided. In Marie Antoinette's time, the attic apartment remained reserved for Louis XVI, though he never slept at the Petit Trianon. The private staircase of Louis XV was removed, allowing a library to be constructed by Richard Mique. The mezzanine, which is above the Queen's apartment, was reserved for Marie Antoinette's lady-in-waiting and first lady-in-waiting.

Within the Queen's apartment, the décor of her boudoir features mirrored panels that, by the turning of a crank, can be raised or lowered to obscure the windows and reflect the candlelight. Her bedroom was provided with furniture from Georges Jacob and Jean Henri Riesener. Jacob designed a set of furniture for the room known as the Mobilier aux épis, elaborately carved with flowers and garlands and upholstered in embroidered Lyon silk. The wallpaper was painted by Jean-Baptiste Pillement.

French Revolution and Republic
On 5 October 1789, Marie Antoinette was in the gardens of the Petit Trianon when a page brought news of the imminent arrival of an armed crowd from Paris. With the enforced departure of the royal family the next day, the Petit Trianon was almost abandoned, except for the gardeners and other staff who continued to live there. Renovations that had been underway were interrupted, leaving large sums owed to builders. The former queen's gardener, Antoine Richard, was appointed as curator of the gardens and plant nursery in 1792 by the Minister of the Interior. After the overthrow of the monarchy in July 1792, all of the furniture, artworks, and other valuables of the Petit Trianon were sent to auction, under a decree of the National Convention dated 10 June 1793. The auction began on Sunday, 25 August 1793, and continued until 11 August 1794. The properties sold were widely scattered. Silverware, lead, and brass fixtures were requisitioned for use in the arsenals. The sculptor Amable Boichard was appointed in April 1794 to remove "emblems of royalty and feudalism" from the property.

Under the new Republic, the Petit Trianon underwent a number of changes. Declared national property, the land was divided into ten lots. The City of Versailles proposed that a botanical garden be established, but this plan was never adopted. In 1796, the land was leased to a tavern. By 1801, the use of the grounds for dances and festivals led to neglect and vandalism. The buildings of the hamlet were reported to be dilapidated. Some improvements in the layout of the gardens were subsequently made, and a school located in part of the complex.

Napoleonic period
After some years of semi-neglect, the Petit Trianon resumed its traditional role when the new emperor, Napoleon, granted the use of the building to his sister Pauline. Extensive refurbishing of roofs, piping, floors, and chimneys was carried out. The main rooms were repainted, and mirrors were installed to replace those sold or vandalized. Finally, paintings were hung and a bridge de la Réunion constructed to link open areas across a hollow road.

United States
Nemours Estate mansion and gardens, in Wilmington, Delaware, is the largest formal French garden in America. It was built between 1909 and 1935, and was inspired and largely based on the Petit Trianon.
 * Belmar (1937) is an exact replica of the Petit Trianon, designed by Colorado architect Jacques Benedict for May Bonfils Stanton in Lakewood, Colorado.
 * City Hall (1916) in Eau Claire, Wisconsin as designed by George Awsumb is inspired by Petit Trianon, though not a complete copy.
 * Marble House (1888–1892), a Gilded Age mansion in Newport, Rhode Island, is directly inspired by the Petit Trianon.
 * Kentucky Governor's Mansion (1912) is inspired by the Petit Trianon.
 * Koshland House (1904) in San Francisco, California as designed by Franklin S. Van Trees was modeled after the Petit Trianon.
 * A concert hall in San Jose, California, which carries the name "The Petit Trianon", is a copy.
 * Byers Hall (1903) at Yale University, is an adaptation of Le Petit Trianon design by architects Hiss and Weekes.
 * Northway (1908), also known as Petit Trianon Deux, is an estate in Greenwich, Connecticut, built by an heir to the Goodyear Tires fortune.
 * The International Museum of Surgical Science (1917) in Chicago, Illinois is a replica of Le Petit Trianon except it has an additional floor.

Elsewhere

 * Called Petit Trianon, the building housing the Academia Brasileira de Letras in Rio de Janeiro is based on the design. It was built by the French Government and donated to the Academia de Letras.
 * Sabet Pasal Mansion, the home of an Iranian pre-revolution entrepreneurial family, was built in northern Tehran.
 * The Cantacuzino Palace in Romania, near Florești, also known as Petit Trianon (Micul Trianon), is based on the layout of the French palace.

title: Petit Trianon


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Neal Cotts

Neal James Cotts (born March 25, 1980) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago White Sox, Chicago Cubs, Texas Rangers, Milwaukee Brewers, and Minnesota Twins.

College career
Cotts attended Illinois State University where he won first-team All-Missouri Valley Conference honors and was named to the ABCA All-Midwest Region team. He was drafted by the Oakland Athletics 69th overall in the 2nd round of the 2001 draft, becoming the second highest player drafted in the history of Illinois State. Cotts finished his collegiate career ranked fifth all-time in school history in strikeouts with 263 in just three seasons with the Redbirds.

Minors
Cotts spent the 2002 season at Single-A Modesto of the California League, winning 12 games in 28 starts. During the off-season, he was traded to the Chicago White Sox in a six-player deal involving relief pitchers Billy Koch and Keith Foulke. Cotts began the 2003 season ranked as the number three prospect in the White Sox farm system. He started his year at Double-A Birmingham, of the Southern League, going 9–6 with a 2.12 ERA and 131 strikeouts. In July 2003, he started for the United States in Major League Baseball's Futures Game.

Chicago White Sox
Cotts made his Major League debut for Chicago on August 12, 2003, when he started against the Anaheim Angels. He pitched 2.1 innings and allowed two runs, two hits, and six walks. He received a no-decision in the game. On August 22, he won his first game when he pitched five innings and allowed five hits against the Texas Rangers. He ended the season with a record of 1–1 and an 8.10 ERA. In 2004, new manager Ozzie Guillén inserted Cotts into the bullpen. He finished April with a 0.90 ERA, but from May–July had an ERA of 8.28. He finished the season with 65.1 innings pitched, a 4–4 record, and an ERA of 5.65. On June 18, he got his first major league hit, a double, off Luis Ayala of the Montreal Expos.

In 2005, Cotts went 4–0 while appearing in 69 games, throwing 60.1 innings, compiling a 1.94 ERA, striking out 58, and yielding just 1 home run. MLB.com awarded him the "Setup Man of the Year Award", an award determined by fan voting. In the American League Championship Series, he was the only White Sox reliever to appear in Chicago's 4–1 series win, throwing 2/3 of an inning in Game 1. Cotts pitched in all four games of the World Series and was the winning pitcher in Game 2.

Chicago Cubs
On November 16, 2006, Cotts was traded to the Chicago Cubs for relief pitcher David Aardsma and minor league pitcher Carlos Vásquez.

On May 21, 2007, the Cubs optioned Cotts to Triple-A Iowa, recalling left-handed pitcher Sean Marshall.

On December 13, 2007, the Cubs re-signed Cotts to a one-year contract for $800,000. He began the 2008 season in AAA, as he'd ended the previous season. He would be recalled from AAA, however, in May and remained with Cubs as their primary left handed reliever after the club had traded away veteran pitcher Scott Eyre.

In 2009, Cotts started with the Cubs, but was demoted to the team's AAA minor league Iowa club in May. On June 24, he felt a sharp pain while pitching for Iowa, and his season was over with an elbow ligament injury. He underwent successful Tommy John surgery in July 2009. He was non-tendered on December 12 and became a free agent.

Recovering from Injuries
On January 4, 2010, Cotts signed a minor-league contract with the Pittsburgh Pirates with an invite to spring training. In June 2010, he had the first of four surgeries on his hip ending his comeback bid for the season. On September 17, 2010, the Pirates released him.

On November 22, 2010, Cotts signed a minor league contract with the New York Yankees with an invitation to 2011 spring training. Due to the results of his physical, the Yankees released him on February 16, 2011. For the second straight season, he did not pitch professionally.

Texas Rangers
Cotts signed with the Texas Rangers and was in contention in spring training to return to the Major Leagues, but suffered an arm strain injury. He finally appeared in a professional game for the first time since 2009 on June 11, 2012, pitching for the Texas Rangers' Triple-A affiliate Round Rock. He finished the season with Round Rock posting a 4.55 ERA with 3 saves while striking out 41 in 31.2 innings.

On November 12, 2012, Cotts signed a minor league deal with an invitation to spring training to return to the Rangers organization. He failed to make the Rangers out of spring training in 2013 and rejoined Round Rock. He posted a 0.78 ERA with a 3–1 record and was promoted to the Rangers on May 21, 2013. After a nearly four-year absence from the Major Leagues, he threw six pitches against Oakland on May 21. His agent Joe Bick said, "When he went back to the mound that first time, I had a lump the size of a softball in my throat." He said of his return to the Major Leagues, "There's a point where you go through all of it where you don't know if you're ever going to play again; I never was really accepting of that." He became a left-handed specialist for the Rangers bullpen. However, he had better platoon splits against right-handed batters than left-handed batters after joining the Rangers. In 2013, he held opposing right-handed batters to a .436 on-base plus slugging (OPS) percentage while left-handed hitters had a .565 OPS.

Cotts returned to the Rangers in 2014 and pitched in a career high 73 games. However, he was not as effective as he was the year before. He was granted free agency after the season and was not re-signed by the club.

Milwaukee Brewers/Minnesota Twins
On January 29, 2015, Cotts signed a one-year, $3 million contract with the Milwaukee Brewers. On August 21, 2015, Cotts was traded to the Minnesota Twins for a player to be named later or cash considerations. In 68 appearances split between the Brewers and Twins, he was 1–0 with a 3.41 ERA in 63.1 innings while striking out 8.2 and walking 3.1 per nine innings.

Los Angeles Angels
On February 26, 2016, Cotts signed a minor league contract with the Houston Astros. He was released in March and signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, where he began the year with the Triple-A Salt Lake Bees. On May 17, he exercised an opt-out clause in his contract and became a free agent.

New York Yankees
On May 20, 2016, Cotts signed a minor league contract with the New York Yankees and was assigned to the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders.

Texas Rangers (second stint)
On June 20, 2016, Cotts signed a minor league contract to return to the Texas Rangers organization where he spent the rest of the season with Triple-A Round Rock.

Washington Nationals
On January 13, 2017, Cotts signed a minor league deal with the Washington Nationals. In 52 relief outings for the Triple–A Syracuse Chiefs, he posted a 3.94 ERA with 57 strikeouts and 2 saves in 48.0 innings of work. Cotts elected free agency following the season on November 6.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Neal Cotts


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Xtreme Wrestling Entertainment

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete — the votes fell 8/4 delete, with 2 for keep stating that they were weak; also, serious concerns about verifiability and notability were raised. --Gareth Hughes 22:12, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

Xtreme Wrestling Entertainment
nn wrestling company of Jerry Bishop and other wrestlers which im about to put on VFD.Says in the article that it is a small professional wrestling company. Promotional also Delete --JAranda | watz sup 01:22, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and a mass delete for the twenty wrestlers. -- Kjkolb 02:01, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom.  Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk   03:25, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete complete unkown. I don't even see proof an organization with this exact name; in Logan, Ohio; has these wrestlers.  But, even if everything in the article is verified, it's still not worthy of inclusion.      --rob 05:08, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Plus the wikilinks in the article are all screwed up. - Sensor 05:53, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Dottore So 08:36, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - nn CLW 13:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Ganymead 16:11, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep insofar as this is a nascent organization growing in popularity in the midwest United States. As to the indivividual wreslers, Delete and re-do if the organization becomes more popular. Jtmichcock 13:45, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
 * KEEP... I've actually heard of this organization and I'm not even into wrestling. But I agree about the individual wrestlers... get rid of those links and delete their articles. --Tedzsee 03:31, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment does it pass the test in WP:CORP? Vegaswikian 06:49, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

This is M. W. Secoy and I am the one who started the XWE page. Now, I don't seem to see what kind of a problem this site has with small pages, but this is a huge work in progress which I can only attend to a handfull of days a week. I plan on adding much more content on the sites, pictures and all at permission of the company and would like to hope I can continue to slowly build this site without having to worry about this sites standards. From what I can see, this is a harmless page without foul language or nudity. It's a chance to show off a small company of hard workers on a broader scale. The intent of starting this site was so that we could possibly have people have might be searching for independent wrestling stumble upon the site, gain interest from it and check it out. No where have I shoved any advertisement on the site, nor have I even listed the adress of the building. As for the link issue, I don't seem to see what it is you are talking about. I click on the links to get back from wrestler to the XWE and they seem to work just fine for me. Again, I know this seems like a small site but trust me, it's a work in progress and I'm doing it for the benefit of many great hard working guys. Besides, what could it hurt? Do you guys get paid to surf around and find web pages started by people that you don't think is worthy of Wiki? There's a webpage about XWE on Wiki. So what? What does it really matter to you? No real skin off your nose in the long run, right? Why not just leave it be if it's only showcasing a growing thing in Ohio? Like I stated before, it's an innocent site without foul language, nudity, or other things like that. Delete those pages, but leave this one alone? Thank you for listening.

M. W. Secoy

 * There is a harm in having an article on such an unknown organization. None of the information in the article, can be confirmed with reliable sources.  Information, on a well known group, like World Wrestling Entertainment can easily be verified, and false information quickly removed.  Anybody could put anything in this article, and other editors would have no way of knowing what's real and what's not.  Also, wikipedia isn't a venue for promotion, and we don't give free advertising.  Advertising costs money, this page has a cost, even though you and I may not be the ones paying.  --rob 02:27, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Question for M. W. Secoy: in this case, how professional is "professional"? I assume that money must surely change hands, but do the wrestlers generally consider their involvement with Xtreme Wrestling Entertainment to be their career and primary source of income, or is it something they do as a hobby or "on the side"?  To compare this subject with precedents set by previous articles, we generally keep truly professional sports organisations, but generally do not keep amateur/hobbyist organisations. In either case, please do not consider this anything personal against XWE. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  14:25, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Right now, I still don't see this as anything other than NN vanity. Also questionable violation of WP:NOT. Every semipro wrestler in the country will end up being listed if this continues. I reiterate: delete but without prejudice to Mr. Secoy's right to repost the article if something notable about the league comes up. - Sensor 00:03, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Weak Keep I enjoy watching wrasslin', but minor league wrestling companies such as XWE are more than likely going to be only trivia for wrestling fanatics ten years from now. The only reason for siding on the side of Keep instead of Delete for me is that the Professional wrestling promotion article includes a whole bunch of redlinks for minor wrestling promotions such as these.  A short article, detailing the highlights of the promoytions history would be appropriate, along with an external link to the companies website might be appropriate.  Listing every wrestler and making an article for the same, definitely is not. Caerwine 18:37, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Very, very, very weak Keep. Even though I want to say Delete on this one, they do establish a sliver of notablility (per Caerwine). --WikiFanaticTalk Contribs 22:34, 15 October 2005 (CDT)
 * How can we verify the organization exists as described? --rob 04:16, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Myles O'Reilly (politician)

Myles William Patrick O'Reilly (13 March 1825 in Balbriggan, Ireland – 6 February 1880 in Dublin, Ireland) was a Catholic soldier, MP and publicist.

He was the only son of William O'Reilly of Thomastown (Knock Abbey) Castle, County Louth and was educated at Ushaw College in County Durham and at London University. He entered the Middle Temple in 1848. He succeeded his father to Knock Abbey Castle in 1844 and was selected High Sheriff of Louth for 1848–49.

Career

He was commissioned a captain in the Louth Rifles in 1854, a British militia unit. When the Roman crisis arose he offered his services to Pope Pius IX against Giuseppe Garibaldi who had launched the Expedition of the Thousand. Raising and leading an Irish battalion of 900 men, known as The Battalion of St Patrick, he fought in the 18-day war until the surrender of Spoleto in September 1860. On the losing side at the Battle of Castelfidardo, the Papal States were soon reduced to the province of Lazio around Rome. Some of his men joined the Papal Zouaves after the war.

Subsequently, he was elected a Member of Parliament for the Longford division from 1862 to 1879, when he was appointed the Assistant Commissioner of Intermediate Education, and was one of the founders of the Irish Home Rule League (1873–82). In addition to his historical Sufferings for the Faith in Ireland (1868), his pen was ever active in defence of the Holy See and Catholic interests.

Personal life
On his death in 1880 he was buried in the family burial-ground at Philipstown, near Knock Abbey. He had married in 1859 Ida Jerningham and had 4 sons and 2 daughters. He was succeeded by his eldest son William Joseph O'Reilly.

title: Myles O'Reilly (politician)


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Fascism in Russia

Fascism in Russia or Russian fascism may refer to:

Social phenomena

 * Ruscism, ideology and social practices of the Russian state in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, portmanteaus of the words 'Russian' and 'fascism'
 * Extremist nationalism in Russia
 * Neo-Nazism in Russia
 * Putinism
 * Russian imperialism

Works

 * Russian Fascism: Traditions, Tendencies, Movements

Organizations

 * All-Russian Fascist Organisation, active 1933-1934.
 * Russian Fascist Organization, active 1925-1931.
 * Russian Fascist Party, active 1931-1943.
 * Russian Women's Fascist Movement, women's wing of the Russian Fascist Party.

title: Fascism in Russia


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China Airlines Flight 140

China Airlines Flight 140 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight from Chiang Kai-shek International Airport (serving Taipei, Taiwan) to Nagoya Airport in Nagoya, Japan.

On 26 April 1994, the Airbus A300 serving the route was completing a routine flight and approach, when, just seconds before landing at Nagoya Airport, the takeoff/go-around setting (TO/GA) was inadvertently triggered. The pilots attempted to pitch the aircraft down while the autopilot, which was not disabled, was pitching the aircraft up. The aircraft ultimately stalled and crashed into the ground, killing 264 of the 271 persons on board. The event remains the deadliest accident in the history of China Airlines, the second deadliest air crash in Japanese history after Japan Air Lines Flight 123, and the third deadliest air crash involving the Airbus A300.

Aircraft
The aircraft involved, registered as B-1816, manufacturer serial number 580. It had its maiden flight on 30 October 1990 and was delivered to China Airlines on 2 February 1991. The aircraft was equipped with two Pratt & Whitney PW4158 engines.

Accident
The flight took off from Chiang Kai-shek International Airport at 16:53 Taiwan Standard Time bound for Nagoya Airport. At the controls were Captain Wang Lo-chi, age 42, and First Officer Chuang Meng-jung , age 26. The en-route flight was uneventful; the descent started at 19:47 and the aircraft passed the outer marker at 20:12. Just 3 nmi from the runway threshold at 1000 ft above ground level (AGL), the first officer (co-pilot) inadvertently selected the takeoff/go-around setting (also known as a TO/GA), which tells the autopilot to increase the throttles to take off/go-around power.

The crew attempted to correct the situation, manually reducing the throttles and pushing the yoke forward. However, they did not disconnect the autopilot, which was still acting on the inadvertent go-around command it had been given, so it increased its own efforts to overcome the action of the pilot. The autopilot followed its procedures and moved the horizontal stabilizer to its full nose-up position. The pilots, realizing the landing must be aborted and not realizing that the TO/GA was still engaged, then knowingly executed a manual go-around, pulling back on the yoke and adding to the nose-up attitude that the autopilot was already trying to execute. The aircraft levelled off for about 15 seconds and continued descending until about 500 ft where there were two bursts of thrust applied in quick succession and the aircraft was nose up in a steep climb. The resulting extreme nose-up attitude, combined with decreasing relative airspeed due to insufficient thrust, resulted in an aerodynamic stall. Airspeed dropped quickly, the aircraft stalled and struck the ground at 20:15:45. 31-year-old Noriyasu Shirai, a survivor, said that a flight attendant announced that the aircraft would crash after it stalled. Sylvanie Detonio, the only survivor who could be interviewed on 27 April, said that passengers received no warning prior to the crash.

Of the 271 people on board (15 crew and 256 passengers), seven passengers survived. All of the survivors were seated in rows 7 through 15. On 27 April 1994, officials said there were 10 survivors (including a three-year-old) and that a Filipino, two Taiwanese, and seven Japanese survived. By 6 May, only seven remained alive, including three children.

Passengers
The passengers included 153 Japanese citizens and 18 Filipino citizens. Taiwanese citizens made up a large portion of the remainder.

Investigation
The crash, which destroyed the aircraft (delivered less than three years earlier in 1991), was primarily attributed to crew error for their failure to correct the controls as well as the airspeed. which would have included the yoke-forward movement the pilots made on this accident flight. These factors were deemed contributing incidents to the crash, after the primary failure of the pilots to take control of the situation once it began.

The investigation also revealed that the pilot had been trained for the A300 on a flight simulator in Bangkok which was not programmed with the problematic GO-AROUND behavior. Therefore, his belief that pushing on the yoke would override the automatic controls was appropriate for the configuration he had trained on, as well as for the Boeing 747 aircraft that he had spent most of his career flying.

Court proceedings
Japanese prosecutors declined to pursue charges of professional negligence on the airline's senior management as it was "difficult to call into question the criminal responsibility of the four individuals because aptitude levels achieved through training at the carrier were similar to those at other airlines". The pilots could not be prosecuted since they had died in the accident.

A class action suit was filed against China Airlines and Airbus Industries for compensation. In December 2003, the Nagoya District Court ordered China Airlines to pay a combined 5 billion yen to 232 people, but cleared Airbus of liability. Some of the bereaved and survivors felt that the compensation was inadequate and a further class action suit was filed and ultimately settled in April 2007 when the airline apologized for the accident and provided additional compensation.

Software upgrade
There had been earlier "out-of-trim incidents" with the Airbus A300-600R. This modification was first available in September 1993 and the aircraft that had crashed had been scheduled to receive the upgrade.

Aftermath
On 3 May 1994, the Civil Aeronautics Administration (CAA) of the Republic of China (Taiwan) ordered China Airlines to modify the flight control computers following Airbus's notice of the modification. On 7 May 1994, the CAA ordered China Airlines to provide supplementary training and a re-evaluation of proficiency to all A300-600R pilots.

Following the crash, China Airlines decided to retire flight number CI140 and instead designate the Taipei-Nagoya service to CI150. As of May 2024, China Airlines still operate this service, operating in and out of Chubu Centrair International Airport after it opened in 2005, moving from Komaki Airport. Today, Komaki serves limited domestic flights as well as military and other non-commercial aviation.

On 26 April 2014, 300 mourners gathered in Kasugai, Aichi Prefecture, for a memorial ceremony on the 20th anniversary of the crash. Another memorial service was held there on 26 April 2024, the 30th anniversary.

Dramatization
The crash was featured in the ninth episode of season 18 of Mayday (Air Crash Investigation). The episode is titled "Deadly Go-Round".

title: China Airlines Flight 140


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Choszczno

Choszczno (Arnswalde) is a town in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 14,831. The town is in a marshy district between the river Stobnica and Klukom lake, 32 km southeast of Stargard and on the main railway line between Szczecin and Poznań. Besides the Gothic church, there are a number of historical buildings from the 19th century industrial period namely, a gasification plant and a water pressure tower which dominates the town's skyline.

Choszczno is the administrative centre of Choszczno County.

The town was badly affected by the Second World War: 80% of its buildings were damaged or destroyed. The town was rebuilt and is now a center for local government of the Choszczno commune (gmina). Due to its microclimate the town has become a rehabilitation center for convalescing patients. The close proximity of the lakes has made it a tourist destination for water sports. It has also become a popular destination for golf, as it is home to Modry Las, a top ranked European golf course. Other tourist attractions are 'Wodny Raj' aqua park and Drawieński National Park, located 20 km to the east near the town of Drawno.

Choszczno has a strong military tradition and is the home base for the 2nd Artillery Regiment, which is part of the 12th Mechanised Division headquartered in Szczecin.

The town's industries include: machinery, and the manufacture of clothing, animal feeds and starch.

Early history and medieval Poland
The area of modern Choszczno County was inhabited going back to at least the 5th century BC; Germanic peoples lived in the area around 1 AD, and no later than the 7th century it was settled by Slavs. A defensive gród and most likely a trading settlement was at the site of modern Choszczno. In the years 963–967 the Polish ruler Mieszko I incorporated the area into Piast Poland, though because it was on the border of Poland, towards the end of the 11th century the ties with the central authority of the Polish dukes became looser. Control of the Polish rulers over the Choszczno area was reestablished in 1122 by Bolesław III Wrymouth. After his death and the resulting Feudal fragmentation of Poland among his descendants, the region passed to the Mieszko III the Old of the Duchy of Greater Poland. Under Wrymouth, the region had been included within the Greater Polish castellanies of Drzeń (Drezdenko) and Santok, with the area around modern Choszczno belonging to the northernmost part of the latter. Thus, this area was the northwesternmost portion of the Polish state, and its history departed from that of Western Pomerania which it bordered. The castellans of Drzeń and Santok however exerted direct control only in the core areas of their castellanies, i.e., the area around the Warta and Noteć rivers, while the areas in the north were administered by a local Pomeranian tributary nobility. Quote: "Seit den Eroberungen Boleslaw Krzywoustys in der ersten Hälfte des 12. Jahrhunderts gehörte das Land zwischen Oder und Drage zum großpolnischen Herrschaftsgebiet, und zwar zu den Kastellaneien Zantoch (Santok) und Driesen (Drzen bzw. Drezdenko). Diese unterteilten sich jeweils in ein Kerngebiet um die Kastellaneiburg, das vom Kastellan selbst verwaltet und beherrscht wurde, und in weiter entfernt gelegene, aber von ihr abhängige Landschaften, die einheimischen, pomoranischen Stammes- oder Landesfürsten unterstanden, die den großpolnischen Herzögen gegenüber tributpflichtig waren. Die Bewohner des Landes waren überwiegend pomoranischer Abstammung. Die Kastellanei Zantoch umfaßte damals hauptsächlich das Warthebruch von der Burg flußabwärts bis zur Einmündung des Vietzer Fließes und in ihrer nördlichen Hälfte die beiden Landsberger Grundmoränenplatten, soweit diese schon besiedelt waren."

Through the later 12th and early 13th centuries, Greater Poland had lost control over the northern areas of the Drzeń and Santok castellanies, and the Pomeranians had stopped paying tribute. In the mid-13th century, the area was contested again, when the Silesian dukes took the Santok castellany from Greater Poland (peace with Greater Poland's Władysław Odonic in 1234) and expanded north of the Warta into Pomerania, then ruled by Barnim I who in turn was a vassal of the Brandenburgian margraves. This was a period of abundant donations made by all participants (Barnim, Odonic and Henry) to monk orders, whom the donators expected to secure their borderlands and/or claims. By 1250 however, Barnim had retaken most of the areas lost in the Warta and Noteć area before, and held the northern part of the former Santok and Drzeń castellanies. During the next years, the margraves expanded their New March northward at the expense of Barnim.

Hoscno, Sovin, Treben
The oldest traces of settlement near modern Choszczno are the archaeological remains of a late Slavic settlement 2 km west of the modern town, near Lake Stawin, with an adjacent rampart. The rampart had also been interpreted as late Slavic, yet an archaeological survey did not yield late Slavic finds, but early German finds instead. Therefore, the rampart and the ruins inside are thought to be the remains of the Cistercian grange Sovin. The duke of Greater Poland, Władysław Odonic, donated the Choszczno area to the Cistercian Kołbacz Abbey in 1233. While it was proposed that in this or in a 1234 document, "Hoscno" appears as the oldest written mention of Choszczno, this assertion has been refuted. For an assessment of the identification of Hoscno as oldest mention of Choszczno by Stanislaw Rospond and the spread of this identification into other reference works cf. quote: "Usiłowałem dojść źródła owej wyssanej z palca, a już rozpowszechnionej wiadomości o pojawieniu się Choszczna jako Hoscno w 1233 względnie w 1234 r.' Niestety nie udało mi się to. Informacji tej nie podaje ani Deutsches Städtebuch (1939), ani też zbiorowa praca historyków polskich Miasta polskie w tysiącleciu (t. II, 1967 r.). Faktem jest, iż obszary wokół Choszczna nadał w 1233 r. Władysław Odonic cystersom kołbackim. Samo Choszczno nie zostało jednak przy tej okazji wymienione3. Wskazywać by to wręcz mogło, iż — przynajmniej pod nazwą Choszczno — jeszcze osady tej nie było. Niektórzy przypuszczają, że najstarsze "Choszczno" znajdowało się we wzmiankowanym przez owe dokumenty Sownie."; for an assessment of the identification of Hoscno as oldest mention of Choszczno by a footnote in later editions of the Codex diplomaticus majoris Poloniæ documenta, tomus I, document nr. 160 cf. ; quote: "Choszczno po raz pierwszy występuje w dokumencie z 1269 r. pod niemiecką nazwą Arnswalde, jako miejscowość w której ten dokument wystawiono. Źródła z XIII i XIV w. nic nie wspominają o nazwie "Choszczno". Istnieje wprawdzie dokument z 1234 r., w którym wymienia się "villa Hoscno". Wydawca Kodeksu Wielkopolskiego identyfikuje ją ze starą nazwą miasta Arnswalde (dzisiejsze Choszczno). Identyfikacja ta budzi zastrzeżenie, ponieważ spór między klasztorami premonstratensów we Wrocławiu a benedyktynów w Tyńcu, który jest treścią tego dokumentu, dotyczy miejscowości leżących na Śląsku Opolskim iw Małopolsce, a nie na omawianym terenie. Zresztą, także Kętrzyński, pierwszy wydawca tego dokumentu w Kodeksie Tynieckim w uwadze zaznacza, że "Hoscno stoi zapewnie mylnie za Hosino — Osino — Osin, wieś pod Raciborzem". Wynika stąd jasno, że "villam Hoscno" z dokumentu z 1234 r. nie można utożsamiać z Choszcznem na Pomorzu." Winfried Irgang and Heinrich Appelt (eds.) (1977): Schlesisches Urkundenbuch 1231-1250, p.39 and Engelbert, Kurt (ed.) (1971): Archiv für schlesische Kirchengeschichte vol. 8, p. 48 proposed that Hoscno probably refers to the village Chosz. Since Odonic made the donation without being in actual control of the area, the Kołbacz monks asked for recognition by the Pomeranian duke Barnim I, which was granted in 1237. The Kołbacz monks then started settlement and amelioration of the grant (Ostsiedlung), including the construction of the town of Treben northwest of Sovin, which however was abandoned soon after.

Medieval Arnswalde, Choszczno

The Brandenburgian margraves, who had established the core of the later New March at the lower Warta, took control of the area between around 1263 and 1269. The margraves' intervention was triggered by a dispute between Barnim and the Order of Saint John: Barnim, unable to pay his debts to the order, refused to hand over territories around Sovin which Albertus Magnus, at the behest of the pope, had selected for compensation. Among those who would have been affected by the transition of these territories was Ludwig von Wedel, an influential magnate who had just changed his allegiance from Barnim toward the margraves. It was most probably he who called the Brandenburgians for help, since they were able to prevent the hand-over through their veto as Barnim's feudal suzerains, a position, contested again and again, they held since 1231/34. While Barnim was excommunicated for his refusal, the margraves took control of the area and renounced Barnim's claim to it, the Wedel family however was assured their possessions.

In this context, the margraves founded the town of Arnswalde east of Sovin, at the site of the modern city center. The name derives from "Arn", a contracted genitive form of German Aar, an antiquated word for eagle (the margravians' heraldic beast); and "Wald(e)", also "Wold(e)", meaning woods or forest.

This town, built between 1269 and 1289, and in the beginning populated with people from Angermünde, was first mentioned in 1269 as the site of the conclusion of the treaty of Arnswalde. The Cistercians were expelled from Sovin, and barred from returning despite multiple respective efforts. The remaining inhabitants of Sovin probably settled in Arnswalde, from where the surrounding area (terra Arnswalde) was henceforth administered. Treben lost its function as a regional central market to Arnswalde. The Arnswalde area remained contested between Barnim I and the Brandenburgian margraves, who had taken from him a large area between the Warta-Noteć line and the lower Ina rivers by 1269. Despite Barnim being married to margrave Otto III's daughter in 1267, Barnim went to war with the margraves over the Arnswalde area between 1273 and 1275. When the dispute was settled in 1278, Barnim recovered the area northwest of Arnswalde, while the town's surroundings and the areas to the south and east remained with the margraves: Arnswalde henceforth was a frontier town near the border between the duchy of Pomerania and Brandenburg's New March. After a war broke out over control of the region in 1319, the town came under control of the Duchy of Pomerania and Duke Wartislaw IV vested it with new privileges, however, by 1326 it fell to Brandenburg again.

Medieval Arnswalde consisted of four districts enclosed by a ring of the city walls and other defensive structures and the surrounding area (154 Hufen by 1455). In a 1307 document, the Order of St. John received the patronage over the church from the margraves, which is the first written record of the church. A regional center of trade and craftsmanship, Arnswalde became one of the larger cities in the New March.

The town is documented as Choszczno in Polish sources from the 15th century.

In 1373 along with the New March the town became part of the Czech Crown Lands under the Luxembourg dynasty. In 1402, the Luxembourgs reached an agreement with Poland in Kraków, according to which Poland was to purchase and re-incorporate the region, but eventually the Luxembourgs pawned it to the Teutonic Order, as a result it was under Teutonic rule from 1402 to 1454 /1455. Arnswalde became a center of opposition against the order's rule, and after the council paid tribute to the Polish king in 1433, the city was in political dependence to Poland until 1437. After receiving a guarantee of impunity for siding with Poland, the town fell again under the rule of Teutonic Knights, who, however, did not respect the agreement and carried out executions among the local populace. In 1443, during a rebellion against the order, the order erected a castle in the town that served as the seat of a local administrator. The castle was levelled when the order's rule ended in 1454, when the Teutonic Knights sold it to Brandenburg in order to raise funds for war against Poland. During the war, the town was mentioned in the chronicles of Jan Długosz as Harnsswald alias Choschczno.

Since 1472, the district surrounding the town was administered by a Brandenburgian landvogt residing in Arnswalde.

Throughout the 16th and early 17th centuries, Arnswalde prospered. By population, it was the second-largest town in the New March during the late 16th century. In the early 17th century, four markets were regularly held for craft products and an additional one for horses. However, during the Thirty Years' War, the town was stricken by plagues and destroyed by fires and warfare. Less than 500 people remained in the ruined town by 1649, and Arnswalde lost its pre-war importance.

Kingdom of Prussia
Stability occurred once Arnswalde became part of the Kingdom of Prussia, and a permanent garrison was stationed in the town from 1719. In this period the town advanced economically and socially with the establishment of a new postal route to Stargard. The 18th century again brought difficulties, and the town experienced a number of tragedies caused by the plague, the worst in 1800 when 65 children died.

The 19th century was a great time for the development of Arnswalde. It was linked by railway with Stettin and Posen (Szczecin and Poznań) in 1848 and later with Berlin. Since now mass public transportation could be realized at lower costs, a new tourist industry was established in the town. The microclimate in the region drew in weekend tourists from as far as Berlin and Brandenburg, and the new hospital next to the lake catered for convalescing patients. The railway was also a catalyst for the local manufacturing industry as it provided an affordable transport of goods to the Port of Stettin (Szczecin), because of this a brewery and a textile industry flourished.

In 1905 a new hospital was opened and was situated on the bank of lake Klückensee (since 1945 called Lake Klukom). The First World War had little effect on Arnswalde, but the post-war German depression damaged the tourist economy. In the framework of the demilitarisation of post-war Germany the garrison was disbanded, but in 1938 it was reinstated.

World War II
In 1939, soon after the beginning of Second World War, the prisoner of war camp Oflag II B was established on the outskirts of the town. At the beginning, the majority of the prisoners were Polish and French. Among the prisoners were officer Henryk Sucharski, writer Leon Kruczkowski and Olympic athlete Zygmunt Weiss. The Poles were used in the town as slave labor by the Germans.

With the collapse of the German eastern front during the Red Army's Vistula–Oder offensive of 1945, Arnswalde was on the front line. Because of the town's strategic position of protecting Stargard and Stettin seaport, a strong German garrison had been concentrated in the town to defend it. During the Russian offensive bitter fighting occurred, which resulted in damage to almost 80% of the town's infrastructure. The town's population fled westwards before and during the battle. After the German resistance stopped on 23 February 1945, Arnswalde was handed over to the Poles for administration as a part of the Recovered Territories.

The town was mainly repopulated by Polish expellees from the Polish territories lost to the Soviet Union, now part of Lithuania, Belarus, and Ukraine—the former Kresy. It was initially renamed as Choczno, later as Choczen in 1945. It was finally renamed to the historic Polish "Choszczno" on 7 May 1946.

Post-war Poland
The first Polish institution to send its representatives to the town after the war was the Polish State Railways. In 1946 the first Polish education institution the "Bolesław Krzywousty" high school was opened. Due to the damage sustained by the town, the majority of the burnt-out buildings were dismantled and the reclaimed bricks were sent for the rebuilding of Warsaw, destroyed by the Germans. Only after 1956, when the territory situation seemed to be clarified, the process of rebuilding started properly and investment by the Polish government begun. Due to the population growth the local government invested in new housing, and in 1959 the first newly built housing block was completed. The rebuilding continued and the majority of the architecture is now post 1950s. In the 1990s the local government started investing in sporting facilities (an indoor swimming pool, sports arena, tennis courts) to promote active tourism.

Starting with its partnership with Fürstenwalde in 1978, the local government has been active in fostering foreign co-operation and the creation of links with different sister cities.

In 1984 Choszczno celebrated 700 years since its foundation. The traditional annual Days of Choszczno festival is held during the first weekend of June.

Notable residents

 * Robert Ferdinand Wilms (1824–1880), German surgeon
 * Wilhelm Fliess (1858–1928), German Jewish otolaryngologist, theorised about human biorhythms
 * Mortimer von Kessel (1893–1981), German general in the Wehrmacht during WWII
 * Horst Tietzen (1912–1940), Luftwaffe pilot
 * Franz Eisenach (1918–1998), Luftwaffe pilot
 * Wilhelm Lemke (1920–1943), Luftwaffe pilot
 * Günter Lörke (born 1935), German cyclist, Team Time Trial silver medallist at the 1960 Summer Olympics
 * Axel Gehrke (1942–2021), German politician
 * Zdzisław Krasnodębski (born 1953), Polish sociologist, social philosopher and MEP since 2014
 * Mieczysław Gocuł (born 1963), Polish General, Chief of General Staff 2013-2017.
 * Grzegorz Kaszak (born 1964), Bishop of Sosnowiec
 * Jolanta Łukaszewicz (born 1966), Polish sprint canoer, competed in the 1988 Summer Olympics

Twin towns – sister cities
Choszczno is twinned with:

 * 🇩🇪 Fürstenwalde, Germany
 * 🇺🇦 Ovruch, Ukraine

title: Choszczno


text:
Earl Hamilton

Earl Andrew Hamilton (July 19, 1891 – November 17, 1968) was an American left-handed pitcher for the St. Louis Browns (1911–16, later in 1916–17), Detroit Tigers (1916), Pittsburgh Pirates (1918–23), and the Philadelphia Phillies (1924) of Major League Baseball (MLB). He pitched a no-hitter against Detroit on August 30, 1912, becoming the first player to pitch a no-hitter without recording a strikeout. The Tigers did get a run on a Ty Cobb walk and an error, making the final score 5-1 Browns. Hamilton also batted left-handed and ended his career with an average pitcher's batting average of .153 in 733 at bats.

Career overview
Born in Gibson City, Illinois, Hamilton played his first major league game on April 14, 1911. Through the early to mid-teens, Hamilton was considered a quality pitcher and was one of the better pitchers on some terrible Browns teams. In 1914, Hamilton had a very quality season, going 16–18 with a 2.50 ERA in $302 1/3$ innings pitched.

After being purchased by Detroit in 1916, he was waived back to the Browns less than a month later. Then, in 1918, he finally left St. Louis for good after an 0–9 season, being purchased by Pittsburgh before the season began. That season, in 6 starts, he had one of the most amazing seasons ever recorded. Hamilton was 6–0 with a 0.83 ERA in 54 innings that year. He finished with 1 shutout in his 6 complete games. Hamilton had only given up 7 runs (5 earned) in 6 games. Oddly, he picked that season to enlist in the Navy. Hamilton returned for more fair seasons with the Pirates. Along with Wilbur Cooper, Whitey Glazner, and Babe Adams, he helped make up a good rotation for Pittsburgh, culminating with a second-place finish in 1921 (behind only the New York Giants, 4 games). However, they never made the World Series with Hamilton.

Before he retired in 1924, Hamilton was selected off waivers by the Phillies, and he went 0–1 with them, with a 10.50 ERA. Hamilton made sparse appearances on leaderboards throughout his career, such as a 9th-place finish in the ERA leaderboard (3.36, 1921) and tying for a 7th-place finish in wins in 1914, when he had 16. He also made the top 10 in losses three times (1914, 15, 21), and ended up finishing only two years of his career with a winning record; his 6–0 season of 1918 and 1922 (11–7).

Hamilton pitched 16 shutout innings on July 16, 1920, with the Pirates, before losing 7–0 against the New York Giants, clearly having run out of gas in the 17th. Rube Benton was the Giants' pitcher, also going 16 shutout innings. In 14 years, he was 115–147 with a solid 3.16 ERA in 410 games (261 starts). He pitched 140 complete games, 16 of them shutouts. Hamilton recorded 790 career strikeouts and allowed 1075 runs (822 earned) in $2342 2/3$ innings pitched.

He died in Anaheim, California, at the age of 77.

title: Earl Hamilton


text:
Tinamba, Victoria

Tinamba is a dairy farming town in Victoria, Australia, located on Traralgon - Maffra Road between Heyfield and Maffra, in the Shire of Wellington. It has a country pub, a church, engineer works and two dilapidated tennis courts. At the, Tinamba and the surrounding area had a population of 500. In 2007 Tinamba suffered two 1 in 100-year floods. Tinamba Railway Station Post Office opened on 1 July 1887 and was renamed Tinamba around 1895.

title: Tinamba, Victoria


text:
Faithless (2000 film)

Faithless (Trolösa) is a Swedish film directed by Liv Ullmann from a script by Ingmar Bergman. The story is loosely based on experiences of adultery from Bergman's own life. It was entered into the 2000 Cannes Film Festival.

Plot
An aging director (named "Bergman") conjures in his imagination the central character, Marianne. He interviews her to compose the story of her life-changing affair. Marianne had been happily married to Markus, an orchestra conductor, with a young daughter Isabelle. Her best friend is David, who is seeking funding for a film project. When Markus is away, David approaches Marianne and they go to Marianne's home. There, David surprises her by asking her if they can sleep together. Marianne asserts she sees David more as a brother; she eventually agrees they can sleep in the same bed in nightwear and without sexual relations. However, the two note they are both planning to be in Paris, France, for separate projects. Markus is aware of their travel plans, and Marianne speculates she and David can meet in Paris, and they would not have to deceive Markus about seeing each other there. In Paris, Marianne and David begin their affair. David also asks Marianne about her sexual history, and Marianne shares her list of experiences; but this mostly consists of her relations with Markus, who she said had satisfied her in ways no one else had. This triggers a violent jealous reaction in David.

David and Marianne continue their affair after returning from Paris. Markus realises they are having an affair and eventually discovers the two together. Markus begins to seek a divorce, and seeks full custody of Isabelle. Marianne gets a lawyer, who tells her Markus has the upper hand, given her desertion of the home. Marianne moves in with David and the two plan to get married; Marianne becomes pregnant with his child. Her lawyer advises that these improved conditions could help her custody case. Markus eventually reaches out to Marianne to meet him alone to settle the custody case, ostensibly for Isabelle's sake. Despite David's angry objections, she agrees to go. At the meeting, Markus blackmails her for sex in exchange for custody.

Marianne confesses to the affair to David. The two separate and Marianne has an abortion. After hearing Markus has committed suicide, Marianne learns he had also been unfaithful with his page-turner. Bergman bids farewell to Marianne, but she says she suspects they will meet again.

Release
The film opened 14 September 2000 in Sweden and Norway. It opened on 22 screens in Sweden and grossed $104,615 for the week, ranking in sixth place at the Swedish box office. In Norway, it grossed $53,455 for the week from 18 screens, ranking eighth at the Norwegian box office.

title: Faithless (2000 film)


text:
User:WrathMania

Wrath Mania is the alias of an infamous iconoclastic member of several forums and blogs on the internet. Known for his clear, detached ways and ability to see through the contradictions and inaccuracies in a many forum debates, Wrath Mania is a low-key yet highly respected member of the web communities that he graces. It is believed that he currently resides in the Philadelphia area.

title: User:WrathMania


text:
User talk:Ouro/Archive1

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~).
 * Add yourself to the New user log and a regional notice board
 * Ask questions at the Village pump or Help desk.
 * Use the Show preview button
 * Provide an Edit summary
 * Add the correct image copyright tag to any images you upload
 * Create a User page
 * Be bold
 * Ignore all rules

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 01:25, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Nonsensopedia
Głosowanie na Nonsensopedii czeka na Twoje potwierdzenie. Szoferka 16:23, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Dike
Regarding your question: dike was an ancient greek (minor) goddess. from what i know it was never used as a name (although somebody, somewhere with really weird parents...). if you want info for the goddess dont hesitate to ask. --Greece666 01:55, 15 July 2006 (UTC)

Featured article candidates/History of Solidarity
I have added more refs. Could you help address the language concern? I am not a native speaker, unfortunatly.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 19:26, 17 October 2006 (UTC)

Featured_article_candidates/History_of_Solidarity
The objections raised in the last nomination have been addressed (I hope). Since you have voted last time but may not be watching the relevant article's pages, I am spamming you with this notification that the article has been renominated and new discussion is ongoing at the above link.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 04:28, 6 November 2006 (UTC)

barnstar
Would it be possible to take barnstar one and wide the red and purple just a bit so we can see more of the colours? I think the entire barnstar ought to be the flag colour, but the top and bottom colours don't really show enough. What do you think? Dev920 (Please vote here) 17:59, 11 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, that was what I meant. The shape of the barnstar is such that a flag just put on top looks a little off, don't you think? But the idea in principle is great, thankyou for your efforts. Dev920 (Please vote here) 18:06, 11 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, I think that is brilliant. The Yellow and green seem a bit washed out though - can you make them a bit brighter (sorry to be so demanding :)? Dev920 (Please vote here) 20:29, 11 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I think that is marvellous. Thankyou, and here's to it passing proposals! Dev920 (Please vote here) 20:51, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Hi, on the same topic could you make one that's similar to:

? (I made it but it needs cleaning up; sorry) Thanks.--Ashadeofgrey (talk • contribs) 21:22, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

Deleted Image:WikipediaProc.jpg
I am not a commons admin so no.Geni 15:58, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

Barnstar
Hey Ouro, we at WP:LGBT want to upload the LGBT Barnstar to the Commons but thought that, as you designed, you might like to do it yourself? Dev920 (Have a nice day!) 01:25, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

From Dev920 regarding skills I do not have ;)
Hello again, would you mind deploying your design skills again? Could you put Image:Wikipedia-logo-crnagora.png in the rainbow colours, like you did with the barnstar? I'd be very grateful. Dev920 (Have a nice day!) 00:23, 27 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I noticed this example of only one piece of the Wiki jigsaw from brcat userbox: Image:B Puzzle.png. It appears not to be under copyright. Just thought it might be helpful. WJBscribe 13:59, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

Heya! I finished the poster and credited you at the bottom: http://wplgbt.tripod.com/Wikipedianeedsyou.doc (it only lets you download it if you paste it into the url bar, I think) Thanks very much! Please don't hestitate to call on me if you need any skills I may have! Dev920 (Have a nice day!) 00:58, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Yeah, I can see how it might give off that impression. I'll tweak it a little bit to clear that up. The reason I don't want to give out the full address is that a) it's quite long and b) I don't want people joining our WikiProject when they don't know anything else about Wikipedia. It could potentially flood us with newbies trying to insert POV or unreferenced material. We're quite easy to find when you know where to look, so I figured I'd leave it at the main address, and people who are serious about getting into Wikipedia will join in their own good time.

Thank you very much for translating Lechon for us, it looks much better now! It's only a pity that none of the other Wikipedias appear to require citations. How do you not end up with the massive edit wars that we have? Dev920 (Have a nice day!) 12:57, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Regarding September 15
Greetings Oulo.

Thank you for relating your concern regarding my removal of the two spaceflight events from the September 15. A bit about me: I have been fascinated by spaceflight since childhood. Though too young to remember the Gemini flights, I have vivid memories of the Apollo program and consider all manned spaceflight notable. However, the reasoning for my deletion was this:
 * 1) During the 60's and 70's there were, by my count, 72 manned space flights.  Clearly some of these flights are of more historical significance than others.
 * 2) The actual launch or return of a spacecraft is usually not the most significant event in a truly historic spaceflight.
 * 3) I believe that noting each of these early launches and returns on the date pages dilutes the apparent significance of the truly historic spaceflight events.

In that light, I felt that the missions of Gemini XI and especially Soyuz 22 were not sufficiently unique or groundbreaking to warrant inclusion in the Events list on the September 15 page. Nonetheless, if you choose to revert them back in, I won't remove them. Cheers. -- Opelio 23:53, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

Jan Lechoń
I gave this a copy edit, but you might want to expand the lead a bit, and also define Skamander for readers too lazy to click on the link. Nice article. If you want to expand it, I'd be happy to help you. Jeffpw 12:12, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Jaroslaw Kaczynski
Ouro, would you say that Jaroslaw Kaczynski is more a self-loathing homosexual, rather than just a homophobe? What I read here seems fairly convincing. What's the consensus in Poland? Dev920 (Have a nice day!) 16:49, 28 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Hey Ouro, thanks very much for your help. I always enjoy talking to people from other countries (except Scotland) but it has been especially nice working with you. :) Dev920 (Have a nice day!) 11:22, 11 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Scots suck. :D Dev920 (Have a nice day!) 12:47, 11 February 2007. (UTC)

Thank you
thank you for the suggestion of "Unencyclpedia". Indeed it is entertaining and i have incorporated my parodies within it. Once again thank you.

Dokusai article
I said it wasn't a great prod reason, but if you wish to take it to AfD, you may do so. – Riana talk 23:59, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

Re: BJAODN
Yeah, sorry for just removing the entry like that. After a while on RC patrol you get to notice patterns of test edits. ˉˉanetode╦╩ 21:06, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

Nonsensopedia
Dlaczego? D@mi 20:58, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

Possible FA
Heya Ouro!

 * Here's a request to class an article.

 * Sivaji: The Boss - The film has not yet been released but will be on May 17. Can you check the article status and where it ranks and then consider it for a possible enrry for the main page on May 17 coinciding with its release. Thank You and please respond.

Cheers

G Ganesh 13:38, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Heya Ouro again,

 * Thanks for your detailed reply.
 * As per the plot, the film hasn't been released yet so there's not much things I can pick out from there.
 * The article will be longer when the film has released with various other details such as the Plot, Themes, Cast, Reception and so on.
 * Any suggestions about things I can put in the lead? - I thought the actual reception of the film could go there once its released but there is still well over a month till release.
 * And as you said, I've corrected the puncutation/reference problem.

 * Please feel free to reply,

 * Cheers,
 * G Ganesh 15:36, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

More on Lenin
Have a look at your question on the Humanities page. It seems as if I am trying to drown you in information! Best wishes from Anastasia, who is better known by the pseudonym Clio the Muse 11:13, 18 April 2007 (UTC)

Iridion 3D FAC
I've followed up on suggestions for the article, and I was hoping you could take another look and either change or hold your opinion of the newer version. Sincerily, David Füchs ( talk / frog blast the vent core! ) 00:22, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

Image:Polandukraineuefa2012.gif
Hello Ouro, an automated process has found an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, such as fair use. The image (Image:Polandukraineuefa2012.gif) was found at the following location: User:Ouro. This image or media will be removed per statement number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media will be replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. The image that was replaced will not be automatically deleted, but it could be deleted at a later date. Articles using the same image should not be affected by my edits. I ask you to please not readd the image to your userpage and could consider finding a replacement image licensed under either the Creative Commons or GFDL license or released to the public domain. Thanks for your attention and cooperation. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 05:12, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Letitmort.jpg
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Non-free use disputed for Image:Skeleton crew.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:Skeleton crew.JPG. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read carefully the instructions at Non-free content and then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

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Orphaned non-free image (Image:Wikipedia-logo-crnagora-lgbt.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Wikipedia-logo-crnagora-lgbt.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

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Featured article review for Austin Nichols
Since you have previously voted for the featured article Austin Nichols, maybe you are interested in the current featured article review. – Ilse@ 23:44, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

Hemicorporectomy Blog
I've finally deleted the link to that blog of the boy with mental problems even more serious than the physiological catastophe he's claiming. Thanks for the nod there - sometimes I wonder if I'm getting too cynical so your concur was reassuring. More extreme surgery checks ongoing. Plutonium27 11:54, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

God in pop culture
I simply meant that God is a theme that occurs with reasonable prominence in works of popular culture. Mango juice talk 16:10, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

Redirect of Modern gallae
Hello, this is a message from an automated bot. A tag has been placed on Modern gallae, by another Wikipedia user, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. The tag claims that it should be speedily deleted because Modern gallae is a redirect to a non-existent page (CSD R1). To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait before possibly deleting Modern gallae, please affix the template to the page, and put a note on its talk page. If the article has already been deleted, see the advice and instructions at WP:WMD. Feel free to contact the bot operator if you have any questions about this or any problems with this bot, bearing in mind that this bot is only informing you of the nomination for speedy deletion; it does not perform any nominations or deletions itself. CSDWarnBot 16:01, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

Requests for adminship
Hey, thank you for your consideration in the adminship process. I understand your and totally respect your decision to take a neutral stance - especially if you are unfamiliar with the user. Just wanted to let you know that the reason it was laconic is mostly because I tend to get a little verbose in my writing - that's what happens in graduate school - and sometimes I get flack for it. Anyway, thanks again, Cheers Wisdom89 14:11, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

Merge of coal mining and sub-surface mining
Hi, Ouru. Thank you for notifying. I added my opinion at the discussion page. I would like to recommend informing also members of potential WP Mining project. You will find their names from the following link. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Council/Proposals#Mining regards. Beagel 09:50, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

89.179.70.189
Yeah, I saw that too! I wasn't sure if they were just very confused, or actually trying to be annoying... I dunno what to do. If they keep it up, they'll have to be blocked eventually, but i hate to have it come to that if they're just confused. I guess I should leave them a nice note explaining about other language wikipedias and talk page etiquette, I was just too lazy before :P Anyway, thanks for keeping an eye on it and keeping the 'pedia tidy! Peace, delldot   talk  07:38, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Yep! I still gotta leave them that note, but they haven't done anything more yet, so maybe I'll wait. :) Peace, delldot   talk  08:01, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Oh, good for you, thanks for doing that. Peace,  delldot   talk  08:04, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

Re: Quote
Thanks! :-) Kirill 13:48, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

RfA Thanks

 *  jj137  ♠ 01:32, 23 December 2007 (UTC)

Christmas decorations ....
(barnstar and service award moved to section on main user page)

Very many thanks :)

-- R OGER D AVIES  talk 20:13, 23 December 2007 (UTC)

All-Polish-Youth
Please don't remove "". Requesting additional citations via fact templates is perfectly ok, but removing existing non-facts can be seen as vandalism unless you have verified that they are wrong. I have just double checked them and they are ok. If you feel that the article is non-neutral, try discussing the issue at talk.

--Greetings Krzyzowiec (talk) 03:15, 21 December 2007 (UTC)

Oh, no problem Polish brother, I don't really care either about the "All-Polish-Youth" (not my organization type...) but you know, when you have text like - "It is anti-Semitic, nazi and racistic" you have to do like this -"It is anti-Semitic, nazi and racistic ". Don't take my changes and post too personally I didn't mean to make you feel bad ;).

--Krzyzowiec (talk) 07:33, 28 December 2007 (UTC)

Shaam-e-Gareeba
Thanks for your note, I've told this to another user who might know more than me about this topic although yes it was a copyright violation and I removed almost all the text. --Matt57 (talk•contribs) 09:06, 31 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I'll leave it up to Sa.V as he's a shite muslim and this is a shite topic about which I actually had no idea it exists but he would definitely know. Lets see what he says. --Matt57 (talk•contribs) 09:11, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

ZAC EFRON
can you at least tell me if you have his email id or not?122.161.93.112 (talk) 13:35, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

Zac Efron Again
do you know how i can contact Mick Sullivan, Zac Efron's Agent OR Glenn A. Gulino, Zac Efron's Commercial Agent OR Jason Barrett, Zac Efron's Manager OR Gina Hoffman, Zac Efron's Publicist —Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.163.37.73 (talk) 14:12, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

Resident Evil 5: Wii
I've declined the speedy tag you placed on Resident Evil 5: Wii. The reason is:
 * Revert to most recent English version. Deny speedy - Future games not covered by any CSD

For your information, עוד מישהו Od Mishehu 16:49, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ouro/Archive1


text:
User talk:Jjnguy

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
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If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 01:26, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jjnguy


text:
Newry, Victoria

Newry is a town in Victoria, Australia, located on Newry - Boisdale Road, north west of Maffra, in the Shire of Wellington. The town had a population in 2016 of 427 people.

History
The first survey of the area was conducted in 1860 by W. Dawson. A fresh survey was conducted in 1861 by C. P. Rafferty, and further surveying was performed by G. Hastings in 1863. The survey by Rafferty set aside occupied land for a township reserve, which was surveyed into blocks by G.T. Jones in 1867. 16 blocks were sold in 1867, and blocks were sold again in 1871.

The Post Office opened on 1 February 1869 as Upper Maffra and was renamed Maffra Upper in 1889 and Newry in 1894. A brick church was built in 1885.

Sport
Golfers play at the course of the Newry Golf Club on Three Chain Road.

Notable people

 * Craig Huffer — sub 4-minute miler
 * Bill Young — VFL footballer & Coleman Medalist

title: Newry, Victoria


text:
User talk:Espanal22

Test
About your changes to Aracely Arambula: Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks.

Image Tagging Image:A20031027160010.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:A20031027160010.jpg. I notice the image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by going to "Your contributions" from your user page and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thanks so much. --Blackcap | talk 10:13, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Espanal22


text: User talk:68.51.212.45

title: User talk:68.51.212.45


text:
User talk:Duncan Grieve

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~).
 * Add yourself to the New user log and a regional notice board
 * Ask questions at the Village pump or Help desk.
 * Use the Show preview button
 * Provide an Edit summary
 * Add the correct image copyright tag to any images you upload
 * Create a User page
 * Be bold
 * Ignore all rules

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 01:26, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Duncan Grieve


text:
User talk:Sidmystic

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
 * Read the Tutorial, How to edit a page and the Manual of Style.
 * Find out how to revert, move and merge pages.
 * Sign your posts on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~).
 * Add yourself to the New user log and a regional notice board
 * Ask questions at the Village pump or Help desk.
 * Use the Show preview button
 * Provide an Edit summary
 * Add the correct image copyright tag to any images you upload
 * Create a User page
 * Be bold
 * Ignore all rules

If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

If, for some reason, you are unable to fix a problem yourself, feel free to ask someone else to do it. Wikipedia has a vibrant community of contributors who have a wide range of skills and specialties, and many of them would be glad to help. As well as the wiki community pages there are IRC Channels, where you are more than welcome to ask for assistance.

If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 01:27, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Invitation to Meetup/Seattle6, a focus group
Hello. I'm part of a research group at the University of Washington (Seattle campus), and my group is reaching out to Wikipedians in the Puget Sound area. We're hosting a focus group designed to gather information on what Wikipedians would like to know about each other when interacting on Wikipedia. Our end goal is to create an embedded application that helps people quickly know more about others' history and activity on Wikipedia, and we feel our design will be much more useful if it's based on insights of users like you.

I'm hoping that the chance to help out local researchers, to engage in lively face-to-face discussion with other Seattle Wikipedians, and to contribute to Wikipedia in a new way will entice you to join us. The session lasts 2 hours and snacks are provided. Sessions will be held on UW Seattle campus - directions will be sent after registration. Your contribution will be greatly appreciated!

Willing and able to help us out? RSVP here. Want to know more? Visit our user talk page. Please help us contact other local Wikipedians, too! Commprac01 (talk) 01:11, 15 March 2009 (UTC)

NEW CATEGORY PAGE
Hello Washington-user!! What do you think of this category? Either on a scale of 1-10 or with commentary. Let me know through the "Special:EmailUser/" section. #TTiT# 13:37, 14 August 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by The-Traveller-in-Tacoma (talk • contribs)

title: User talk:Sidmystic


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Reddogg

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  08:32, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

Reddogg
nn wrestler for the nnXtreme Wrestling Entertainment which I placed in AFD as well Delete --JAranda | watz sup 01:27, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- Kjkolb 02:05, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom.    Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk   03:37, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - nn CLW 13:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Ganymead 16:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Reddogg


text:
Maffra West Upper, Victoria

Maffra West Upper is a locality in Victoria, Australia, located on Upper Maffra Road, north west of Maffra, in the Shire of Wellington.

Upper Maffra West Post Office opened on 25 July 1887, was renamed Maffra West Upper in 1889 and closed in 1966.

title: Maffra West Upper, Victoria


text:
John Reesor Williams

John Reesor Williams (born September 9, 1930) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as a Progressive Conservative member in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1975 to 1985, and was briefly a cabinet minister in the government of Frank Miller.

Background
Williams was born in Toronto, the son of Luella Mae Maud (Reesor) and Thomas John Williams. He was educated at the University of Western Ontario and Osgoode Hall Law School. He worked as a lawyer before entering political life. Comedian Harland Williams is one of his five children.

His mother was the daughter of George Reesor, a descendant of one of the German families that originally settled Markham, Ontario, in 1794.

Municipal politics
Williams was an alderman in North York, Ontario, from 1963 to 1972, and was deputy mayor and Controller of the borough from 1973 to 1974. He also served on the Metro Toronto Council during this period, and was a board member of St. Matthew the Apostle Anglican Church in 1971. From 1973 to 1975, he served on the board of governors for Seneca College.

Provincial politics
He was elected to the Ontario legislature in the 1975 provincial election, defeating Liberal candidate Bob Reid by 239 votes in the North York district of Oriole. He was re-elected with an increased majority in the 1977 and 1981 elections, and served as a backbench supporter of the Bill Davis government.

Williams supported Frank Miller to succeed Davis as Premier of Ontario in January 1985, and was appointed as Solicitor-General when Miller became premier on February 8, 1985. His appointment was controversial in some circles. Williams was strongly anti-abortion, and had previously opposed granting any police protection to Henry Morgentaler's abortion clinic in Toronto.

Miller's government lost several seats in the 1985 election, and was subsequently defeated in the legislature. Williams was personally defeated in Oriole by Liberal candidate Elinor Caplan.

In 2005, veteran legislators Sean Conway and Bob Runciman both named Williams as the most boring speaker they had encountered in the course of their careers. His speaking style is demonstrated in the following quote: "the type of rhetoric from the opposition continues without any factual backups to substantiate those generalizations that have become nothing more than rhetoric and well-worn clichés".

title: John Reesor Williams


text:
Locus Solus

Locus Solus is a 1914 French novel by Raymond Roussel.

Plot summary
John Ashbery summarizes Locus Solus thus in his introduction to Michel Foucault's Death and the Labyrinth:

"A prominent scientist and inventor, Martial Canterel, has invited a group of colleagues to visit the park of his country estate, Locus Solus. As the group tours the estate, Canterel shows them inventions of ever-increasing complexity and strangeness. Again, exposition is invariably followed by explanation, the cold hysteria of the former giving way to the innumerable ramifications of the latter. After an aerial pile driver which is constructing a mosaic of teeth and a huge glass diamond filled with water in which float a dancing girl, a hairless cat named Khóng-dek-lèn, and the preserved head of Danton, we come to the central and longest passage: a description of eight curious tableaux vivants taking place inside an enormous glass cage. We learn that the actors are actually dead people whom Canterel has revived with 'resurrectine', a fluid of his invention which if injected into a fresh corpse causes it continually to act out the most important incident of its life."

It was translated into English by Rupert Copeland Cunningham, in addition to translations into Czech, Dutch, Italian, Polish, Turkish, Russian, Spanish, and other languages.

References in other media

 * Locus Solus was chosen, in reference to Roussel's novel, as the name of a short-lived literary journal (1961–62) edited and published by the American writers Harry Mathews, John Ashbery, James Schuyler, and Kenneth Koch. It is also briefly mentioned in Mathews's novel Cigarettes.
 * In autumn of 2014, the visual artist and novelist Mark Amerika published Locus Solus: An Inappropriate Translation Composed in a 21st Century Manner (Counterpath Press) to commemorate the 100-year anniversary of Roussel's original publication in France. Amerika's literary remix is conceived as a work of performance art, one where the artist uses an array of online translation programs to experiment with procedural methods reminiscent of Roussel's own writing style.
 * The main antagonist of the animated film Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence takes its name from this book. Also in the film, Section 9 members Batou and Togusa go to the North to question a mercenary hacker named Kim who lives in an elaborate mansion filled with odd mechanical and sensory art – as is also described in the book. Togusa looks through a peephole in a model of the mansion. On looking down at it, Togusa sees tableaux vivants of himself and Batou, and continually views different possible memories and futures that are the result of entering the mansion. The peephole is also taken from the novel's eight tableaux vivants.
 * In the video game Wild Arms 5 for the PlayStation 2, Locus Solus is the name of the mothership used by the Veruni to escape from Filgaia (Earth). When crashed into Filgaia 12,000 years later, it was considered a sacred land for the Veruni.
 * Musician John Zorn named a band and album after Locus Solus, creating improvised avant-garde jazz/rock.
 * In his Brion Cemetery project at San Vito d'Altivole, architect Carlo Scarpa frequently refers to Locus Solus, Roussel being one of his favourite authors.
 * Locus Solus is used as the name of a yearly music festival at Le Lieu Unique in Nantes, France dedicated to the building of experimental musical instruments.
 * Electronic musician Richard Knott named one of his songs "Locus Solus", which became his breakout hit in 2012 when Eric Prydz's Pryda Friends record label signed it.
 * DJ Harvey has recorded under the name Locussolus.
 * Contemporary visual artist Pierre Huyghe has cited the novel as a defining influence in his work.

English translation editions

 * Locus Solus, trans. Rupert Copeland Cunningham (London: Calder and Boyar; Berkeley: University of California, 1970).
 * Reprinted by Calder in 1983 and 2003.
 * London: Alma Books, 2008. Revised edition. Reprinted in 2012 and 2017.
 * New Directions, 2017.

title: Locus Solus


text:
Talk:Strahan, Tasmania

earlier conversation
Im trying to add relevant information here.

The current mascot for the town of Strahan is local boy Kyron Mc Dermott, whose parents own a large tourism venture in the surrounding areas. The House of Beef, a large barbecue restaurant, owned by them has become quite popular in the past few years and is now breathing life back into the back streets of the town.

But all the changes from this shared IP are being constantly reverted. (unsigned)

 * Seeing as there are absolutely no google hits for "Kyron Mc Dermott" Strahan (or "Kyron McDermott" Strahan), nothing on The Examiner's searchable archives, and nothing on the West Coast Council's site, I have the feeling you are full of it on the mascot thing. I believed that the House of Beef was a real place - until Whitepages, Yellowpages and Google proved me wrong on that as well.  -- Chuq 05:01, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I had a check through the examiner archives and found mention of it and as a west coast resident for 25 years i know for a fact the place exists. --Shadoiwblade 01:29, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

 * If it did, you would be able to provide links.  -- Chuq 04:53, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Vanity piece. Most likely bored kid from Mountain Heights School (mountain.heights@education.tas.gov.au) in Queenstown. Jgritz 04:04, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The previous vandalism was from a dodo user dialled up to Burnie. -- Chuq 04:53, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

 * If I read ths history right, someone from 203.52.130.139 site has pulled the repeated House of Beef rubbish themselves. The only Mc Dermott of significance in Strahan relative to a wikipedia entry (ie this is wikipedia) is Harry the ex-warden of strahan who was a co-author of a book about Huon Pine workers.User:SatuSuro 07:41, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

May I ask the question, why would anyone bother spending that much effort trying to figure out if it was true or not, as it is clearly not. You should also probably get your facts straight if you are accusing people of vandalising this page, because I personally know who was doing this and your suggestions of "A Dodo user in Burnie" and "Some bored Kid From Mountain Heights School" could not be any more Incorrect. Gentlemen If you are going to dispute this information why dont you grow up and settle it with your fists not by making false accusations. People who dispute like that are usually refered to as cowards and nerds. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 61.68.168.136 (talk • contribs) 15:55, 1 November 2005

 * May I ask the question, why someone accusing people of being cowards is posting anonymously? Jgritz 06:33, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Presumptuousness on the part of the anonymous poster deserves blockingUser:SatuSuro

Excuse me "Jgritz" if you are calling me a coward then why dont we settle this face to face, you name the time and place and I'll be there. I am aware that you are probably to weak to show up or respond to the challenge and will probably tell me to "grow up". Show me what you've got coward. Shame on you, you damned dirty ape —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.52.130.138 (talk • contribs)

 * Aww.. bored at school again? -- Chuq 22:33, 1 November 2005 (UTC)

So I assume that you are all too cowardly to reply? I thought so

All I want to settle our differences in a bout of open circle fisticuffs (Unsigned)

Horizontal Corrugated Iron Housing

 * (1) I have been told that Strahan has an extremely rare aspect; namely, that the corrugated iron dwellings in Strahan have their corrugations horizontally, rather than vertically (as is done everywhere else).
 * (2) Is this true?
 * (3) I have also been told that the source of the notion of the Horizontal Corrugated Iron use in Dwellings is Broken Hill (the only other place in Australia where this occurs).
 * (4) Is this true?
 * If the answers to (2) or (2) and (4) are "YES", I think that is very important to mention these facts in this article.129.94.78.159 (talk) 05:49, 14 November 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Strahan, Tasmania


text:
Coongulla, Victoria

Coongulla is a town in Victoria, Australia, located on Ryans Road, on the shores of Lake Glenmaggie in the Shire of Wellington. The postcode for Coongulla and the surrounding towns is 3860. At the 2006 census, Coongulla and the surrounding area had a population of 183. Coongulla is 160 km from Melbourne.

There are approx 337 separate houses in Coongulla. Of the people in Coongulla, 83.6% are Australian-born. Of the immigrants, most are from the United Kingdom. Median age of persons in the town 57.

The Lake Glenmaggie Weir supplies irrigation water for all the farms in the area and also supplies drinking water to Maffra, Coongulla, Glenmaggie and Newry.

Some of the most common activities for locals and holidayers are: swimming, bike riding, canoeing or kayaking, yachting, bush-walking, water sports, and motorbike riding.

A Country Fire Authority brigade began services for the town and surrounds on 28 May 1972.

Climate
The average January maximum temperature is 26°Celsius and in July it is 14 °C. The average January minimum temperature is 13 °C and dropping to 4 °C in July The average annual rainfall is 594 mm over an average of 115 rainy days.

title: Coongulla, Victoria


text:
User talk:Ead83

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