text:
User talk:ThomasBrooks

Welcome!

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title: User talk:ThomasBrooks


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston song)

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus (13 keep, 10 delete, 5 merge). I did move this article to The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston single), though.  Rob e  rt  22:55, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston song)
Surely every major rendition of "The Star-Spangled Banner" is not going to get its own article. As such, delete or summerize and merge--no redirect--to an article on an album or on the singer herself. FuriousFreddy 02:13, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. This is a notable musical recording, and it shouldn't matter whether or not it's of an old song; we have a whole category of Category:Whitney Houston singles. Also, let's move this to The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston single).--Pharos 02:24, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or Merge #1 billboard single Ryan Norton T 02:31, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The article says it was #20. --FuriousFreddy 04:01, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as per Ryan Norton. There are 27 singles in Category:Whitney Houston singles and over 60 more in Category:Mariah Carey singles.  I hope we aren't going to nominate them all.  [ edit ] 02:38, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * On second thought, there are a lot of problems with this article and this one of many recordings of the song. I would support moving this to something along the lines of Recordings of "The Star-Spangled Banner" as suggested to broaden the scope of the article.  [ edit ] 05:52, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - Notable version from Whitney. OmegaWikipedia 03:00, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and Move per Pharos. — F REAK OF N URxTURE  ( TALK )  03:09, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge all commercial versions of the Star Spangled Banner. -- BD2412 talk 03:10, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I like BDAmbramson's idea. Redirect it to recordings of "The Star-Spangled Banner" or something. I would say to redirect to The Star-Spangled Banner, but that's an awfully long article already. Tuf-Kat 03:22, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * That isn't a bad idea. Call it Notable recordings of The Star Spangled Banner .There, dicussions of all major versions of the song could be covered. Writng an article about just the Whitney Houston version seperately looks disarmingly POV. Whitney Houston could not possibly be the only artist to perform a highly notable version of the song. --FuriousFreddy 04:01, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. This article is actually pretty long for a single recording, and (perhaps surprisingly) most all of it is even relevant.  If the article was a little blurb I could see merging it, but this has the heft that it should stand on its own.--Pharos 04:23, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Then edit it. An article's legnth should not make it inherently notable. I could write a 50k article on what items are inside my car and how it got there, in full prose and with footnotes, but that doesn't inherently make that article notable. --FuriousFreddy 04:28, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. OK, this sort of thing is a bit fancruftish, but there's some consistency to having pages for all the charted singles of a popular singer. *Dan T.* 04:33, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * We are in the process of setting definite guidelines for all song articles; see WikiProject Music/Notability and Music Guidelines/Songs. But, suffice it to say that every charting song from an artist does not need an article. --FuriousFreddy 04:42, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. [1] Wrong title. "The Star Spangled Banner" is not a "Whitney Houston song". It's a Whitney Houston recording. [2] the article claims it was for fundraising, and provides no details of any funds raised. [3] "blew the crowd away" is a bit hyperbolic for Wikipedia, no? [4] "her version is the most recognized vocal version of the song in the modern generation" is unprovable piffle.  And what of Rosanne Barr's ageless rendition? Why have we no article on it? [5] "Houston had performend [sic] the song in front of nearly 100 million spectators and TV viewers at the Super Bowl" (she had actually lip-synched rather than performed.). [6] "the golden girl of the industry"? [7] "even more shocking the song could reach that high".  If there's actually any important information in this "article", put it in Whitney Houston's article. - Nunh-huh 04:46, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Whatever crufty flaws there may be in the current edit, the atmosphere of patriotism/jingoism surrounding the 1991 Iraq War, and this song's special place in it, makes this recording independently notable. Move, as suggested, to the better title. Xoloz 05:40, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The article is very informative. Cnwb 05:35, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or merge as above. No way should every cover version of a song merit a separate article. —Wahoofive (talk) 05:57, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with The Star-Spangled Banner and delete The majority of this article is POV fancruft and original research/essay/review—it even gives a brief explanation of Sept. 11 and the effect of it on this song—and can be cut. However, it is semi-notable in the sense of being a major modern recording of the song (though maybe not as much of one as Hendrix's, but I'm more of a Jimi fan myself) and can be noted in the relevant section of the main article. --Blackcap | talk 06:48, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Please note that the GFDL requires merges to be finished with a redirect. Deletion would destroy the edit history. - Mgm|(talk) 09:18, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Of course, I hadn't thought about that. Thank you. --Blackcap | talk 15:47, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Of course you didn't think of that. It's not true. There's no reason attribution can't be given in an edit summary or on a talk page. - Nunh-huh 04:49, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Maybe, but after reading WP:MM it seems like it doesn't hurt anything to have the redirect, and is simpler that having to paste the edit history into a talk page. It'd be a lot of info to put into an edit summary. --Blackcap | talk 06:16, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete outright, per User:Nunh-huhh. --Calton | Talk 07:52, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Nunh-huh. -- Kjkolb 08:21, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete — non-notable (also poor quality and wrongly named, but those aren't reasons for deletion). --Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 11:17, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete As it stands it's a poor article. To be merged it needs to be re-written. Marcus22 11:29, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Nunh-huh. Al 12:36, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, move or merge. This isn't one to delete. AndyJones 17:31, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per Blackcap, although it shouldn't be merged in full and needs to actually have some encyclopedicity to it. -Splash talk 20:52, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Mostly-content-free article on a non-notable rending of the song. --Carnildo 21:45, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable element of pop culture. --Jacquelyn Marie 21:47, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Ditto, notable element of pop culture. Furthermore, I like this record.Hektor 22:10, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Stubify to about three sentences and merge into Whitney Housotn. User:Zoe|(talk) 07:00, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm assuming that you mean Whitney Houston? --Blackcap | talk 11:46, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I can spell, I just can't type. :)  User:Zoe|(talk) 19:48, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete (or merge and redirect). It isn't notable enough to warrant a separate article. Phronima 13:45, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep --Anittas 21:27, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge to album or artist, or per BD2412. Jkelly 22:29, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Since it is a part of Houston's discography, it is still notable. Winnermario 02:55, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, this version of the Star Spangled Banner is a classic that has has a large cultural impact as it has been released twice during critical periods and its profits have gone to help those in need. It is still viewed as one of the best recordings of the U.S. anthem and one of the best recordings of Whitney Houston's career, so it is very notable.  It was even officially released as a single and received airplay and sold very well, charting on many Billboard charts and even topping the Hot 100 Singles Sales chart for 6 weeks.  --Musicpvm 03:26, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * ...and that's all that needs to be said about it. That can easily fit elsewhere. It would make absolutely no since to have seperate articles on, of all things, "The Star Spangled Banner". --FuriousFreddy 03:48, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * No, that is definitely not all there is to say about. There is an entire article-worth of information to say about it as is evident when looking at the article, and I find all that information to be encyclopedic!  There is no reason to delete all that information and merge this into another article and say a few lines about it when there is much more to say about it.  This is currently a good, informative article.  You should spend more of your time trying to expand Wikipedia articles rather than trying to get random articles with useful and encyclopedic information deleted. --Musicpvm 05:23, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Just thought I'd point out that I've heard a handful of recordings of the Star-Spangled Banner, and Houston's is insipid and just plain terrible. And I consider myself a mild Whitney Houston fan -- this is certainly not one of the best recordings of her career!  Everything else you said is a debatably acceptable reason to keep, but the quality of the recording is irrelevant as far as keeping or deleting the article. See WP:NPOV. Tuf-Kat 05:32, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've removed all the speculation and opinion regarding this recording, which shortened the article significantly. Once you cut out all the crap about "predominant renditions" and speculation about the "most recognized vocal version of the song in the modern generation" and why Houston did not release the song outside the US, there's not much left besides chart data. Tuf-Kat 05:41, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm personally not even a Whitney Houston fan, but that seemed to be the opinion among many music fans. But you are right; that is irrelevant in this discussion.  --Musicpvm 05:48, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text: User talk:69.255.11.199

title: User talk:69.255.11.199


text:
User talk:Piroteknix

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -Platypus Man | Talk 02:13, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
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No, it isn't. Put it on the Hal Turner page if anything, remember WP:UNDUE which definitely applies in the case of people saying asians are animals. -- L ie! 02:31, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

Please stop. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, you will be blocked from editing. JayKeaton 18:49, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

blocked
You have been blocked for 72 hours for vandalism after being warned. ⇒   SWAT Jester    Denny Crane.  19:11, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Piroteknix


text:
User talk:Higher heights

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -Platypus Man | Talk 02:14, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Higher heights


text:
Maianthemum dilatatum

Maianthemum dilatatum (snakeberry, two-leaved Solomon's seal or false lily of the valley) is a common rhizomatous perennial flowering plant that is native to western North America from northern California to the Aleutian islands, and Asia across the Kamchatka Peninsula, Japan, and Korea. It grows in coastal temperate rainforests, and is often the dominant groundcover plant in Sitka Spruce forests.

Description
The plant produces an erect, unbranched flower stem, occasionally to 40 centimeters in height, but typically much shorter. A non-flowering shoot bears one smooth, waxy, shiny leaf up to 10 centimeters long and 5 to 8 cm broad, hence its scientific name (dilatatum means 'broad'). The leaf is oval in shape with a heart-shaped base.

The inflorescence is an erect raceme with star-shaped white flowers. They each have four tepals and four stamens. After fertilization the fruit produced is a berry 6 millimeters in diameter. The berry is speckled red when immature and solid red when ripe. Each has 1 to 4 seeds. The leaf is green and shaped like a tear drop.

Uses
The plant has many ethnobotanical uses. The roots and leaves were used medicinally, and the berries were occasionally used for food. Native Americans used the plant to treat wounds and eyestrain.

Being tolerant of deep shade, drought, and extensive watering, the plant is becoming more popular as a shade groundcover in gardening. Care should be taken when using it in gardens as it can quickly escape confines with its creeping rhizomes and may crowd out other plants.

title: Maianthemum dilatatum


text:
User talk:Bjorn.sjodin

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title: User talk:Bjorn.sjodin


text: User talk:69.107.18.103

title: User talk:69.107.18.103


text:
Clear Brook, Virginia

Clear Brook is an unincorporated farming community in northern Frederick County, Virginia. The community lies approximately six miles (9.6 kilometers) north of the county seat of Winchester along Martinsburg Pike (U.S. Route 11). It is the site of the Kenilworth home, once owned by Harry K. Thaw, the old Hopewell Meeting House, Stonewall Elementary School, the Clearbrook Park, and the Frederick County Fairgrounds.

Sometimes referred to as Clearbrook, its name was decided upon by the Board on Geographic Names in 1966 as Clear Brook.

Clear Brook drew national attention when resident and Quaker peace activist Tom Fox was kidnapped in Baghdad on November 25, 2005. Fox's body was found March 9, 2006.

Culture
Clear Brook was selected as the site for the Hogging Up BBQ & Music Festival, a Kansas City Barbeque Society sanctioned event deemed a "State Championship" by the Governor of Virginia for 2013. The event is an annual event supporting local charities under the guidance of Wayne Schafer, a barbecue pitmaster who runs the event.

Clear Brook is well known throughout Northern Virginia as well as the Route 11 and Highway 81 corridors for its annual holiday light display in Clear Brook Park. The light display typically opens the day after Thanksgiving and runs through early January. The display is turned off at 10pm each night and is also closed on Christmas Eve, Christmas Day, and New Year's Eve.

title: Clear Brook, Virginia


text:
User:Ryan Norton/to do

 * High priority
 * compare this and remove any POV that got introduced
 * Clean up Future of DirectX in DirectX
 * NPOV Criticisms in Microsoft Outlook
 * Rewrite Global_Assembly_Cache
 * Rewrite Microsoft Project
 * Address Peer Review notes about DirectShow

 * 1) Examples is way too short (and plus is redundant since there is only one example). Perhaps the file should be linked to in either the external links or one of the sections like Design Model.
 * 2) Remove personal pronouns referring to readers, such as in “if you want to do more custom things like”, “The way DirectShow works usually is that you create a filter graph
 * 3) Add retrieval dates for all of the external links under the references
 * 4) Is addon a word? Perhaps add-on?
 * 5) “Mostly its only purpose at the time was to serve as a plugin” Mostly its only purpose? Either it is the only purpose, or it was mostly.
 * 6) “Eventually, around version 5 of DirectX,” The article never mentioned DirectX before, so I have no idea whether or not this means around the time the 5th version of Direct X was created for ActiveMovie or something separate
 * 7) Not necessary, but perhaps it would be helpful to convert the list under advantages to prose.
 * 8) Some inline citations (footnotes) occur after the period/comma, others before. I would suggest changing all of them to right after the end of the word/period/comma (like is done on WP:FOOTNOTE).
 * 9) “Unfortunately it is difficult to modify a graph that is already running.” Unfortunately? I don’t think such words occur regularly in Wikipedia (then again I could be wrong), sounds like you’re taking the WP:POV of DirectShow.
 * 10) Could a year be provided for the start of the history section?

 * Low priority
 * Ole JET db
 * Fix FAC criticims
 * Misc microsoft
 * Clean up DirectX and other API articles (maybe note programming model how sendmessage macros use CLASS_METHOD model)
 * Ashlee Simpson (User:RN/Ashlee Simpson)
 * Finish new layout

title: User:Ryan Norton/to do


text:
John Katzman

John Katzman (born October 10, 1959) is an American EdTech pioneer. He founded and ran Princeton Review, which assists students with their studies and career choices, and then founded and ran 2U and Noodle Partners, both of which use are tech-enabled service providers to universities. Katzman has also authored books on those subjects.

Early life
Katzman was born in New York City in 1959, and grew up there with brother Richard, and sister, Julie. Katzman went to Birch Wathen, a small independent school, from kindergarten through high school. He attended Princeton University, where he majored in electrical engineering and computer science (EECS) and then switched to the school of Architecture. He started tutoring in sophomore year to pay his expenses, and continued through college. Katzman graduated from Princeton University with an A.B. in architecture in 1981 after completing a senior thesis titled "The Dead Tree Gives No Shelter."

Career
The Princeton Review (1981-2007)

Katzman was the co-founder of The Princeton Review, which initially taught SAT preparation to high-school students in New York City. He started the company in 1981 shortly after leaving college, then partnered with Adam Robinson to develop it, and served as the company’s CEO until 2007. He authored and coauthored a number of books for the company, including Cracking the SAT, a New York Times bestseller, and created products and services in several media.

2U (2008-2012)

In 2008, Katzman founded 2U, an educational technology company that partners with leading nonprofit colleges and universities, such as the University of Southern California, Georgetown University, and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to offer online degree programs. He served as the company’s CEO until January 2012. Katzman shifted to Executive Chairman in January 2012, and left in August to help build Noodle. Like The Princeton Review, 2U became a Russell 2000 company.

Noodle (2010–present)

In 2010, Katzman created The Noodle Companies, a studio with multiple subsidiary, Noodle-branded education companies.

In 2016, he changed the focus of Noodle Partners, and became its full time CEO. Founded as an online program manager, Noodle Partners has evolved into a full-service strategy, marketing, and technical services provider to higher education. As of October 2023, it reported working with over 65 public and private universities and has raised over $110 million through three rounds of financing.

Other interests
Katzman has been involved in the founding of several other education companies, including Tutor.com, Student Advantage, and Eat New York, an early software-based restaurant guide. He is an angel investor in two dozen education technology ventures, and has served on the boards or advisory boards of several others including the National Association of Independent Schools, the National Alliance of Public Charter Schools, The Institute for Citizens & Scholars, Carnegie Learning, and Renaissance Learning.

Issue advocacy
Despite being the founder of a business based on the preparation of students for a wide range of standardized tests, Katzman is an outspoken critic of the modern preoccupation with standardized testing. He has argued that many tests are no better indicator of achievement in the relevant fields than grades and scores on other tests (such as the Advanced Placement exams). He has also been outspoken in his opposition to the Common Core and tests based on it. He demands better outcomes from for-profit education providers. He often speaks on topics related to online education and the measurement of academic achievement.

In 2008, Katzman and his wife pledged $1.5 million to help fund the Katzman/Ernst Chair in Educational Entrepreneurship, Technology and Innovation, an endowed chair in the University of Southern California Rossier School of Education to train and certify teachers for urban schools.

Awards
Katzman was a co-recipient of a Cable Television ACE Award in 1995 for Princeton Review's Student Admissions Television, an education special about the SAT. Princeton Review's Inside the SAT software was the recipient of a 1996 software CODiE award.

Katzman was a recipient of the 2018 ASU GSV Lifetime Achievement Award, which "honors individuals whose lives have had a profound impact in changing the world for good". In 2024, he was named one of the 100 most influential people in K-12 education by District Administration.

Cybersquatting
At Princeton Review, Katzman was one of the first cybersquatters on the Internet. In 1994, he registered Kaplan.com, and then taunted that competitor by encouraging visitors to tell their stories about the company on that page. The case went to arbitration, where he offered to sell the domain for a case of beer; Kaplan declined, and was awarded the domain, leading Katzman to state that "The folks at Kaplan have no imagination, no sense of humor and no beer."

Online and for-profit education
As a founder of both 2U and its major competitor, Noodle Partners, Katzman is often mentioned in articles and discussions surrounding the Online Program Management (OPM) industry. At 2U, Katzman popularized the revenue-share model in which OPMs take a percentage of a university’s tuition revenue in exchange for program management. This business model is debated among higher education constituents and policymakers but remains popular today. A 2019 article by Kevin Carey published in the Huffington Post names Katzman as the impetus for the development of the entire OPM industry and some of the issues that have since arisen, including revenue-share and runaway digital marketing costs. Katzman, Carey says, is now fighting to change the tuition-splitting practices that he created. In 2020, however, Noodle Partners teamed up with Strategic Education to use WorkForceEdge, a platform to connect employees with educational programs. Strategic Education is the parent company of Strayer University and Capella University.

Books

 * Cracking the SAT with Adam Robinson. Villard Books, (1986). ISBN 0-394-74342-3.
 * The Best 284 Colleges, with Tom Meltzer and Zach Knower (1992). Current ISBN 0525568425.
 * Class Action, with Steven Hodas (1995). ISBN 978-0679434306

Essays

 * Katzman, John. "A Civil Education Marketplace" (May 10, 2016).  The State of Entrepreneurship in K–12 Education.
 * Lutz, Andy, Katzman, John, and Olsen, Erik (March 1, 2004), "Would Shakespeare Get Into Swarthmore?", The Atlantic.

Personal
Katzman lives in New York and is married to Alicia Ernst. They have two children, Daniel and Lyra.

title: John Katzman


text:
Jordan Road, Hong Kong

Jordan Road is a road in Jordan, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It spans from the West Kowloon Highway in West Kowloon, through Kwun Chung and Ferry Point to Gascoigne Road and is a major east–west road in southern Kowloon.

History
Jordan Road, formerly known as Sixth Street, was renamed to its present name in March of 1909. In May 1909, Gascoigne Road South was also merged into the road. The road is named after Sir John Jordan, then British Minister to China. The story suggested by some Chinese sources that the street was named after British pathologist G. P. Jordan, who served as Health Officer in Hong Kong for nearly thirty years, was actually a myth.

In 1908, a stone obelisk was erected as a memorial to French sailors of the "Fronde" who had drowned in the 1906 typhoon. Originally located at the corner with Gascoigne Road, the monument has since been relocated to the Colonial Cemetery at Happy Valley. Prior to the opening of the Cross-Harbor Tunnel in 1972, ferries such as the ones departing from Jordan Road were the only way to transport automobiles from Kowloon to Hong Kong. Once a quiet, suburban street, since the 1950s Jordan Road and its surrounding area have become one of the most overcrowded areas in Kowloon.

Ferry Pier
At the end of the road, there was the Jordan Road Ferry Pier in Ferry Point, with ferries carrying passengers and vehicles to Central of Hong Kong Island. Until the completion of the Cross-Harbour Tunnel, it was a major transport hub to and from the Hong Kong Island. There was also an important bus terminus, Jordan Road Ferry Pier Bus Terminus, near the pier. The bus terminus hosted many routes to the New Territories. After the completion of major part of reclamation in West Kowloon, the bus terminus was moved to Jordan (Wui Cheung Road) Bus Terminus in the new reclamation nearby. On 20 December 2009, the bus terminus was closed and most routes were rerouted to Jordan (To Wah Road). Some go to Kowloon Station bus terminus, near Kowloon station of the Mass Transit Railway (MTR) Airport Express. These factors make Jordan Road an important transportation access point.

Education
Jordan Road is in Primary One Admission (POA) School Net 31. Within the school net are multiple aided schools (operated independently but funded with government money) and Jordan Road Government Primary School.

Station
Jordan station of the MTR was named after Jordan Road, between the centres of Yau Ma Tei and Tsim Sha Tsui. The station's name is so commonly used that it has gradually replaced the traditional name, Kwun Chung, for the neighbourhood.

title: Jordan Road, Hong Kong


text: User talk:24.161.231.132

title: User talk:24.161.231.132


text:
Paso de Cortés

Paso de Cortés is a mountain pass between the Popocatépetl and Iztaccihuatl volcanoes in central Mexico. It is part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, at a point where the southeast-trending continental divide turns north for over 16 km. The altitude of the pass is about 3400 m, and serves as the access point to Izta-Popo Zoquiapan National Park. The pass is located in the municipality of Amecameca in the State of México, about 90 km southeast of Mexico City.

History
The name derives from the transit of conquistador Hernán Cortés and his men over the pass in 1519. After the battle of Cholula, the Spanish continued northwest into the Valley of Mexico and the city of Tenochtitlán to confront the Aztecs and their emperor Moctezuma. It is claimed that while crossing the pass, some of Cortés' men climbed Popocatépetl, lowered into the crater, and brought back sulphur for making gunpowder.

Access
There is a paved road from Amecameca on the Mexico City side to Paso de Cortés, and from there south to Tlamacas towards Popocatépetl or north to the area near the base of Iztaccihuatl. The pass can also be reached on dirt trails from Cholula, which are at least sometimes passable by 4-wheel-drive vehicles.

title: Paso de Cortés


text: Category:Women aviators

title: Category:Women aviators


text:
Farida Akhtar Babita

Farida Akhtar Poppy, known by her stage name Babita, (born 30 July 1953) is a Bangladeshi film actress. She is best known for her performance in Satyajit Ray's Distant Thunder, a novel adaptation about the Bengal famine of 1943, which won the Golden Bear prize at the 23rd Berlin International Film Festival in 1973. She was active in the 1970s through 1990s as an actress in Bangladeshi films. She acted in 275 films.

After winning the National Film Award in 1975, she won three consecutive best actress prizes. She won Best Actor in 1986, Best Producer in 1997 and Best Supporting Actress Award twice in 2002 and 2012. In addition, she was awarded the lifetime achievement award of the National Film Award in the year 2016. In 2023, Bob Dubey, the mayor of Richardson, a city in North Texas, officially declared August 5 as "Babita Day" in honor of her.

Early life
Babita, nicknamed Poppy, was born to a family that had its origins in the west-Bangladeshi district of Jessore, Bangladesh. Her father Nizamuddin Ataub was a government officer and mother Jahan Ara Begum was a doctor. They were in Bagerhat due to their father's job. She has three sisters and three brothers. Babita's mother studied in Lady Brabourne College in Calcutta. In an interview with the Independent newspaper in 2004, Babita says that it was Afzal Chowdhury who suggested the screen name Babita for her. In another interview with the Daily Star in 2005, she mentions that Zahir Raihan originally casts her for the film Shongshaar. A different version of the story is that she adopted the name after appearing in Ehtesham's film Pitch Dhala Path.

Babita's brother-in-law Zahir Raihan first cast her for his film Jaltey Suraj Ka Nichey. The film was not completed in the end but she found a break-through into the Dhaka film industry. Her first released feature was Shesh Porjonto. Among the three sisters and three brothers are elder sister Shuchanda who is a film actress, elder brother Shaheedul Islam is an Electrical Engineer, currently living in Australia, another brother Iqbal Islam is a Pilot officer, younger sister Champa is a film actress and younger brother Ferdous Islam is currently living in the United States.

Education
Babita studied in her early days at Dawood Public School in Jessore. During her studies there, due to her sister's arrival in the film, she came to Dhaka with her family. Later she studied in Gloria School. She earned proficiency in English, including some foreign languages. She refined herself to the level of an ideal artist.

Personal life
Babita married Iftekharul Alam. Together they had a son, Anik. Iftekharul died when Anik was three. Babita's sisters Shuchanda and Champa are also film actresses.

Actress
Babita's notable work includes Shukhe Thako, Taka Anna Pai, Shorolipi, Manusher Mon, Pich Dhala Path, Noyon Moni, Jonmo Theke Jolchi and Anarkoli. Her acting gained the attention of the Indian director Satyajit Ray. In 1973, Ray cast Babita in Ashani Sanket ("Distant Thunder"), his film about the Bengal famine of 1943. Babita appeared in the lead role of Ananga, the demure wife of the village doctor Gangacharan, who was played by long-time Ray favorite Soumitra Chatterjee.

Babita acted in number of joint venture film projects in her career, namely: a Canada-India joint production film Durdesh in 1983 (Gehri Chot - Urf: Durdesh in Hindi) opposite Nadeem Baig (actor) and also Pakistan-Bangladesh joint venture film Miss Lanka (Nadaani in Urdu) in 1985. Ashani Sanket won the Golden Bear prize at the 1973 Berlin Film Festival. Babita's performance was central to the film.

Babita also acted in Arunodoyer Agnishakkhi (1972) by Subhash Dutta, Dhire Bohe Meghna (1973) by Alamgir Kabir, Golapi Ekhon Trainey (1978) by Amjad Hossain, Dahan (1986) by Sheikh Niamat Ali, and Dipu Number Two (1996) by Morshedul Islam.

Babita's male co-actors were Razzak, Faruk, Zafar Iqbal, Bulbul Ahmed, and Sohel Rana.

1968–1974
Babita made her debut as a child actor in the Songsar film of Zahir Raihan starring elder sister Shuchanda. In this film she plays the daughter of Razzaq and Shuchanda. Her primary name in the film was "Subarna". She acted in a television drama called "Kalam" at that time. Her name became "Babita" when she appeared in Zaheer Raihan's film "Jalte Suraj Ki Niche". In the role of the first heroine in 1969, she starred in the film. The film was released on 14 August 1969 and on that day her mother died. Throughout the 70's, she established herself as one of the best actresses of the decade.

Since 2000
In 2002, Babita won a National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in Hason Raja, Chashi Nazrul Islam's biopic of the Bengali folk-poet. She has also formed her own film-production company and has expressed an interest in directing in the future. She also starred in Shahin-Sumon's action drama Khodar Pore Ma co-starring Shakib Khan, played as his mother. The film received positive reviews and declared as a super-hit and become the highest-grossing film of 2012 and received several National Film Awards including Khan's second National Film Award for Best Actor at the 37th National Film Awards.

Babita has campaigned actively on behalf of various social causes in Bangladesh. Notable among the causes she has supported the campaign against throwing acid on women; the national immunization drive for children; and a support group for children who suffer from leukemia. Starting in 2011, Babita began working with Distressed Children & Infants International as a goodwill ambassador.

Producer
After the commercial success of Teen Kannya (1985), a film produced by Babita's elder sister Shuchanda, Babita became interested in producing films and hence launched a film production house named "Babita Movies." Some of Babita's produced films include Ful Shojja, Agomon, Lady Smuggler (a Bangladesh-Pakistan-Nepal joint venture film), Lottery and Poka Makorer Ghor Bosoti (a Bangladesh Government sponsored film).

Awards
Babita won three consecutive National Film Awards for three consecutive years. She received the Best Actress Award from the Bangla Film Journalist Association for her performance in Satyajit Ray's Distant Thunder film. Besides, she has received numerous awards, both public and private. That is why she was called a 'prize daughter'. She participated in the International Film Festival for the most number of Bangladeshi delegates.

title: Farida Akhtar Babita


text:
Kappa Apodis

The Bayer designation Kappa Apodis (Kappa Aps / κ Apodis / κ Aps) is shared by two star systems in the constellation Apus: They are separated by 0.63° on the sky.
 * Kappa¹ Apodis (HR 5730)
 * Kappa² Apodis (HR 5782)

title: Kappa Apodis


text:
Emma Jung

Emma Jung (born Emma Marie Rauschenbach, 30 March 1882 – 27 November 1955) was a Swiss Jungian analyst and author. She married Carl Jung, financing and helping him to become the prominent psychiatrist and founder of analytical psychology, and together they had five children. She was his "intellectual editor" to the end of her life. After her death, Jung is said to have described her as "a Queen".

Early life
Emma Rauschenbach was the daughter of a wealthy industrialist, Johannes Rauschenbach, the then owner of IWC Schaffhausen. At the time of her marriage she was the second-richest heiress in Switzerland.

Family life
Emma Rauschenbach first met C. G. Jung in 1896 when she was still a schoolgirl, through a connection of his mother. Jung reported at the time that he knew then that one day Emma would be his wife. The couple married on 14 February 1903, seven years later. They had five children (four daughters and one son):

 * Agathe Niehus, born on December 28, 1904
 * Gret Baumann, born on February 8, 1906
 * Franz Jung-Merker, born on November 28, 1908
 * Marianne Niehus, born on September 20, 1910
 * Helene Hoerni, born on March 18, 1914

Upon her father's death in 1905, Emma and her sister, together with their husbands, became owners of IWC Schaffhausen - the International Watch Company, manufacturers of luxury time-pieces. Emma's brother-in-law became the principal proprietor, but the Jungs remained shareholders in a thriving business that ensured the family's financial security for decades.

Emma Jung not only took a strong interest in her husband's work, but assisted him and became a noted analyst in her own right. She developed a particular focus on the Grail. She had a brief correspondence of her own with Sigmund Freud, during 1910–11. In 1906, Freud interpreted several of Jung's dreams of the period as portending the "failure of a marriage for money" (das Scheitern einer Geldheirat).

On the Nature of the Animus and The Anima as an Elemental Being.
Animus and Anima is a book published with two of Emma Jung's essays that correlated with her husband's work. The essay "On the Nature of the Animus and the Anima" explores the concepts of animus and anima in Jungian psychology. She delves into the roles these archetypal elements play in the psyche, particularly focusing on their influence on the relationships between men and women. The animus represents the masculine aspects within the female psyche, while the anima represents the feminine aspects within the male psyche. Emma Jung also includes a discussion on how understanding and integrating these aspects can contribute to psychological wholeness and improved interpersonal dynamics.

In "The Anima as an Elemental Being," Emma Jung expands on the anima concept, presenting it as an elemental being that embodies powerful and transformative forces. She explores the symbolic and mythological dimensions of the anima, emphasizing its connection to the natural world and the unconscious. The essay delves into the diverse manifestations of the anima, highlighting its potential for both creative inspiration and destructive chaos. Jung suggests that recognizing and engaging with the anima in its elemental form can lead to a deeper understanding of the psyche and facilitate personal growth.

Death
Emma died in 1955, predeceasing Carl Jung by almost six years. After her death from a recurrence of cancer, he carved a stone in her name, "She was the foundation of my house". He is also said to have wailed, "She was a queen! She was a queen!" ("Sie war eine Königin! Sie war eine Königin!") as he grieved for her. Her gravestone was inscribed: "Oh vase, sign of devotion and obedience."

Works about Emma Jung

 * The book was featured as Book of the Week on BBC Radio 4 2–6 January 2017 in 5 episodes, read by Deborah Findlay and Henry Goodman.
 * The book was featured as Book of the Week on BBC Radio 4 2–6 January 2017 in 5 episodes, read by Deborah Findlay and Henry Goodman.
 * The book was featured as Book of the Week on BBC Radio 4 2–6 January 2017 in 5 episodes, read by Deborah Findlay and Henry Goodman.
 * The book was featured as Book of the Week on BBC Radio 4 2–6 January 2017 in 5 episodes, read by Deborah Findlay and Henry Goodman.
 * The book was featured as Book of the Week on BBC Radio 4 2–6 January 2017 in 5 episodes, read by Deborah Findlay and Henry Goodman.

title: Emma Jung


text:
Day language

Day is an Adamawa language of southern Chad, spoken by 50,000 or so people southeast of Sarh. Ethnologue reports that its dialects are mutually intelligible, but Blench (2004) lists Ndanga, Njira, Yani, Takawa as apparently separate languages.

Pierre Nougayrol's publications and field notes of Day from the 1970s constitute almost all of the available materials on the Day language.

Güldemann (2018) notes that Day has few morphological and lexical features that are typical of Niger-Congo, and hence cannot be classified with certainty.

Phonology
There are three tones: high, low, and mid.

Lexicon
Some fish names in Day:

Other animal names:

 * kòŋní ʔólò (Pila wernei), a gastropod

Plant names in Day:

title: Day language


text:
User:Cubs Fan

 * 2008 Chicago Cubs season

title: User:Cubs Fan


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Christmas Song (Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire) (Christina Aguilera song)

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was MERGE with My_Kind_of_Christmas. Linuxbeak | Talk 23:30, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

The Christmas Song (Chestnuts Roasting on an Open Fire) (Christina Aguilera song)
See discussion on The Star Spangled Banner (Whitney Houston song) above. FuriousFreddy 02:24, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep Aguilera's version is notable. OmegaWikipedia 03:09, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Everyking 08:00, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * This afd nomination was orphaned. Listing now.  No opinion. —Cryptic (talk) 08:55, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to the album's page. There's already an article on the original and her version isn't notable enough for a new article (in my opinion, a song has to be very famous to warrant a separate article, like the original is). -- Kjkolb 12:29, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge to the general article on this song - it was popular before Aguilera recorded it, and will remain popular when her star has long since seen its peak. BD2412  talk 13:21, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Merge to the general article on this song. per BD2412. Important interpretation of the song, but not enough for a stand-alone article. Youngamerican 15:31, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per BD2412 (and put an expand notice on the target article, which is almost content-free) —Wahoofive (talk) 17:12, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge re BD2412. The song is a notable one and the fact that Aguilera recorded a version of it should be noted on the article for the song as a whole. For those of you who are interested in this topic, please see the current discussion on Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Music/Notability and Music Guidelines/Songs. Contributions welcome. Capitalistroadster 17:44, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge as per everyone above. Jkelly 00:28, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep separately for Aguilera fans. Kappa 03:05, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - please keep everything. I'm tired of voting! --Anittas 21:43, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Hawker P.1052

The Hawker P.1052 was a British experimental aircraft built by Hawker Aircraft Limited for trials with swept wings.

Design and development
The origins of the P.1052 were in a 1945 design study by the Hawker design team for a development of the P.1040 using swept back wings. Interest was not shown by the Ministry of Supply until the spring of 1946 when Air Ministry specification E.38/46 (to undertake studies into the aerodynamic properties of swept wings) was issued, and a contract awarded in May 1947 for Hawker to supply two prototypes.

A 35 degree sweep in the wings was the most significant aerodynamic innovation in the P.1052, relative to the P.1040. This feature was developed in conjunction with the RAE at Farnborough. In addition, the tailplane was cropped to a shorter span (by removing the rounded tips on the P.1040) and was adjustable in incidence to allow changes in trim at the anticipated higher speeds.

The first prototype (VX272) was ready in time for static exhibition at the 1948 S.B.A.C Farnborough display, but permission was withheld on grounds of secrecy. It first flew on 19 November 1948, with the second prototype (VX279) flying on 13 April 1949.

In late 1949 or early 1950, following tests on a third, non-flying airframe, VX272 had both wings and fuselage strengthened. At around the same time, VX279 was fitted with a variable incidence tailplane.

During 1950, VX279 was significantly rebuilt, with a single jet outlet and swept empennage; it was subsequently given a separate designation, as the Hawker P.1081.

VX272 was retro-fitted with the original rear fuselage of VX279 – after strengthening and installation of an arrestor hook. VX272 was also fitted with a bullet-type fairing at the tailplane-fin intersection, which improved its high-speed behaviour.

In May 1952, with the addition of a long-stroke undercarriage (from a Sea Hawk), VX272 undertook take-off and landing trials on board HMS Eagle (R05). In June the same year, it received a final modification: a variable incidence swept tailplane, after which it flew high-speed trials with the RAE. These were terminated and VX272 was removed from service in September 1953, following a forced landing.

The focus of research at Hawker was transferred to the P.1067, which would become better known as the Hawker Hunter. No further examples of the P.1052 were built. In hindsight, the P.1052 may be seen as part of a transition from the centrifugally powered, straight-winged Sea Hawk to the axially powered, swept-wing Hunter.

The P.1078 – a variant in which the P.1052 was to have been augmented by a small built-in rocket engine (i.e. the Armstrong Siddeley Snarler),  became the subject of a design study. However, because work on another rocket-powered design – the P.1040-based Hawker P.1072 (which had un-swept wings) – was significantly advanced, the P.1078 was never built.

Aircraft on display
The first prototype VX272 is displayed at the Fleet Air Arm Museum, Yeovilton.

Operators

 * Royal Aircraft Establishment
 * Royal Aircraft Establishment

title: Hawker P.1052


text:
World Eventing Championships

The World Eventing Championships, or the eventing competition in the World Equestrian Games (WEG), began in 1966. It includes both a team and individual competition for the best horses and riders in the sport of eventing. The World Championship is held every four years, and is held at the CCI**** level, the highest level of eventing competition.

Medal count
The current historical medal count since 1966 is as follows:

 * Note 1: Medal count is sorted by total gold medals, then total silver medals, then total bronze medals, then alphabetically.
 * Note 2: Germany includes both Germany and West Germany.

Incidents

 * 2010: Four horses and six riders fell during the cross-country portion of the event. Inonothing, ridden by Paul Tapner (AUS) fractured his left hind patella in a fall. Iman de Golfe, ridden by Juan Carlos Garcia (Italy) was hospitalized after he fell and suffered a deep laceration.
 * 2014: Maxime Livio (FRA) was disqualified from the eventing competition when her mount Qalao des Mers was found to be positive for a banned substance, Hydroxyethylpromazine sulfoxide. Their positive result resulted in the disqualification of the entire French eventing team from participation, subsequently preventing their participation at the 2016 Rio Olympic Games.
 * 2018: Box Qutie ridden by Anna Freskgård (SWE) was euthanized after becoming injured while participating in cross-country.

title: World Eventing Championships


text:
R Apodis

R Apodis (HD 131109; HR 5540; 18 G. Apodis) is a solitary star in the constellation Apus. It is faintly visible to the naked eye as an orange-hued point of light with an apparent magnitude of 5.36. Gaia DR3 parallax measurements imply a distance of 413 light-years and it is drifting closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of $$. At its current distance, R Apodis' brightness is diminished by an interstellar extinction of 0.26 magnitudes and it has an absolute magnitude of −0.22.

HD 131109 was the first star observed to be variable in the constellation; It was first discovered in 1873 by Benjamin Apthorp Gould. Later, it was hastily given the variable star designation R Apodis in a 1907 variable star catalogue despite it being a suspected variable star at the time. However, observations conducted in a 1952 field star survey revealed that R Apodis was not variable at all. Keenan & Pitts (1980) found that it varied between magnitudes 5.5 and 6.1, but this was never confirmed. Hipparcos photometric data revealed that R Apodis indeed had a constant brightness. It has since been listed as a class CST: in the General Catalog of Variable Stars.

R Apodis has a stellar classification of K4 III:, indicating that it is an evolved K-type giant that has ceased hydrogen fusion at its core and left the main sequence. However, there is uncertainty about the luminosity class. It has a comparable mass to the Sun but at the age of 5.68 billion years, it has expanded to 30.1 times the radius of the Sun. It radiates 293 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of $$. R Apodis is metal deficient with an iron abundance roughly half of the Sun's and it spins slowly with a projected rotational velocity lower than $$.

title: R Apodis


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Belarusian Republican Youth Union/Attempt 3

Belarusian Republican Youth Union
Self-renom.
 * Attempt 1
 * Attempt 2

Ok, I had some minor edits on the article and added a few more things (a photo, a source and two awards), but the article has been pretty calm. I think the main concern, most likely, is going to be the grammar of the article. I will check up on that every day, though that is a problem in every article I write on here. POV is not an issue, since I was pretty much the only guy who wrote it and tried to be as fair as possible. Zach (Sound Off) 02:31, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

A very interesting and unique article - I commend the authors of it. Don't get discouraged! Ryan Norton T 02:58, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Object - OK... here's some of my own issues:
 * 1) "The Belarusian Republican Youth Union (BRSM) (Russian: Белорусский республиканский союз молодежи, БРСМ) is a youth group that is organized in the Eastern European country of Belarus." I think this could be worded better....
 * 2) "The goals of the BRSM are to promote patriotism and to instill moral values into the youth of Belarus." POV sentence - moral values are relative! Needs rewording.... maybe something like "The goals of the BRSM are to promote patriotism and to install their own brand of moral values into the youth of Belarus"... well that may be POV too but you get the idea :).
 * 3) Writing style needs a bit of work and is in general too passive.... example:
 * "President Lukashenko has said in the past that while membership in the BRSM is not required for advancing into the higher ranks of the government, a person who joins the BRSM has a possibility to increase their chances for success" try something like
 * "In the past, President Lukashenko stated that while membership in the BRSM is not required for advancing into the higher ranks of the government, it is possible for a person who joins the BRSM to increase their chances for success"
 * Also see my recent edit too. It's fine to use a lot of passive voice, but using too much makes it more dreary then neccessary
 * Thanks Ryan. I have added some of your changes, but the reason why most of the article sounds passive is that most of the information I have is around a few years old, and most of the current information is in Russian, and I was told not to use Babelfish unless I have to. Zach (Sound Off) 03:04, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

There are more, but you get the idea. —Wayward 18:48, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Object - The article remains substandard as far as prose. You might consider adding it to "Category:Wikipedia articles needing copy edit". The "install" issue mentioned in my previous objection remains and the article begins with "is a organized youth group". See "A, an" for details of what is wrong with this. Don't let this nomination disenchant you though, English grammar is difficult to learn and the best way to master it is to learn by doing. That said, unfortunately good grammar is essential for a featured article. Cedars 04:12, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I fixed that, and I will add the category soon. Zach (Sound Off) 05:05, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Object—this should be on the Peer Review list, not here. Prose needs fixing; not in enough depth. Tony 12:48, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Tony, what do you mean by "depth." Am I missing stuff content wise? Zach (Sound Off) 17:11, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Object. I think the prose could be tightened up quite a bit.
 * 1) "The BRSM has been accused of using tactics of coercion and empty promises. . ." I don't think tactics of is needed here.
 * 2) "Lukashenko not only issued a decree to call for. . ." is better written as "Lukashenko not only issued a decree calling for. . ."
 * 3) "President Lukashenko stated in his 2003 address to the nation about the need for. . ." About is not needed.
 * 4) "To be able to join the BRSM, the person must be between the ages of 14 and 31, be able to send a photo of themselves and if they are between the ages of 14 and 16, written permission from their parents or legal guardian must be granted." There are several problems here. First, Be able to is not needed. Second, person is singular, while themselves and their are plural.
 * I fixed those. But really, is the only issues for this article is grammar? If so, please, sofixit. If you think key information is missing, just let me know. Zach (Sound Off) 18:57, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The previous reviewer was exemplifying problems in the prose, not identifying just a few things that need fixing to make it 'compelling, even brilliant' (see criteria for FACs). Saying that you've 'fixed those' is irrelevant; the whole text needs serious attention.
 * I mainly mentioned that I fixed whatever they specifically mentioned.

For an institution that appears to have controversial links with the highest levels of government, the article needs to treat the political and social context in much greater depth. Instead, towards the top, we're treated to trivia such as '... be able to send a photo of themselves and if they are between the ages of 14 and 16, written permission from their parents or legal guardian must be granted. A person must also pay a one time fee of 1,400 rubles (0.65 USD) and must pay a mid-year fee to continue their membership in the BRSM. The total amount of the fee is adjusted based on the person's working and living status and fee waivers are granted for children who are orphaned or disabled.' Wow, really?
 * This is how the people join the BRSM, and with other youth groups like the Boy Scouts of America, I need to have information on how one person can become a member.

There's not enough coverage of broader views to put Lukashenko's agenda into a NPOV perspective. Just a quote from the great leader at the top, as though this article is propaganda. Tony 03:08, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * That is all I could find, since internet resources on this group is limited. Personally, I have no clue why Lukashenko created the group (I just knew how he done it) or to what extent is use by the Lukashenko Government (but his presence at the recent 29th Congress of the BRSM still shows government support). Zach (Sound Off) 03:21, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * On an unrelated note, this was moved by a page vandal, so if this came off your watchlist for a moment, that is what happened. Zach (Sound Off) 03:50, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * OK, then may I suggest that the nomination be postponed pending further investigation? There's currently a barrier to comprehensive treatment. Tony 04:11, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, and I will let the grammar folks take a stab at it. I could do some more research in time. Zach (Sound Off) 04:17, 1 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Meatspin

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was REDIRECT to List of shock sites.  Rob e  rt  23:14, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Meatspin
Non-notable shock site, description already merged to list of shock sites. Almost WP:CSD A3. Ilmari Karonen 02:27, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The AfD tag was removed from this page by 67.80.77.53. I put it back.  >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist 23:55, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect to said list or an article about shock sites in general. Usrnme h8er 08:20, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete the article and description as non-notable. -- Kjkolb 08:26, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to list of shock sites. - Mgm|(talk) 09:19, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak redirect, this might just about be searched for so at least a redirect will help prevent standalone recreation. -Splash talk 20:53, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak redirect per Splash. --Jacquelyn Marie 21:52, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect, per Splash, to hopefully keep it from being recreated. >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist 23:21, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and Redirect Amren (talk) 00:11, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sunrise Medical

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Speedied by JoJan --Doc (?) 08:11, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Sunrise Medical
Delete as this is link spam and non-encyclopedic. [ edit ] 02:27, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedied as A3 JoJan 05:34, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks JoJan- the spammer kept removing the speedy tag so I listed it for deletion here instead. [ edit ] 05:41, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Miami Matadors

The Miami Matadors were an ice hockey team in the East Coast Hockey League. They played in Miami, Florida, at the Miami Arena for one season before folding. The Matadors franchise would resurface two years later as the Cincinnati Cyclones.

History
The franchise began as the Louisville RiverFrogs in 1995. Robert Snyder bought the team in February 1998 with intentions of moving the team to South Florida. Upon buying the team, he made the team a family business of sorts. His wife Michelle Dannin was named Vice President Of Communications, and his father Richard Snyder handled the team's legal matters. On May 12, 1998, Snyder signed a five-year agreement with Miami Arena that would allow the arena to host 35 games from October until April 4. Former Tallahassee Tiger Sharks head coach Terry Christensen became the team's first head coach on May 16, 1998. Prior to the start of the 1998–99 ECHL season, the Matadors affiliated with the NHL's Florida Panthers.

On October 16, 1998, the Matadors made their ECHL debut against the South Carolina Stingrays, Fans that attended the opening night game received a Miami Matadors cape. with an opening night crowd of 3,368 fans, and lost 5–2.

In their only season, the Matadors finished with a 28–32–10 record, finishing seventh in the ECHL's Southeast Division. The team's leading scorer was former Brown University center Michael Flynn, with 20 goals and 50 assists. Center Greg Clancy was the leading goal scorer with 28. Among other notable Matadors were veteran minor leaguer Sheldon Gorski and goaltender Brent Belecki.

Attendance
One of the Matadors' prime selling points were the inexpensive ticket prices. Snyder claimed a family of four could see a Matadors game for $50, compared to $223 to see the NBA's Miami Heat and $273 to see the Matadors' NHL affiliate, the Florida Panthers.

The team played in the 14,823-seat Miami Arena, whose capacity for Matadors games was cut to 6,351 by closing the upper bowl. Even with the reduced capacity, the Matadors never were able to sell out a single home game, averaging just 1,553 fans per contest, well short of the ECHL average attendance of about 4,800.

The attendance woes quickly took a financial hit on the team. When the Matadors could not afford the rent at the Arena, owner Robert Snyder moved the games to a local public skating rink. The lowest point was on March 3, 1999, when all tickets to a game against the Pee Dee Pride were given away for free, and only about eighty fans showed up to watch the game.

Finally, the last two games were moved out of the Miami market altogether and played in Estero, Florida, at Germain Arena, home of the ECHL rival Florida Everblades. Matadors season ticket holders were given free and additional tickets to the games there, though most chose not to make the two-hour drive.

Aftermath
After months of poor attendance and mounting debt in their inaugural season, the Matadors were folded in 1999. During the sale of the team, a lawsuit was filed by Robert Alterman accusing the team's general partners (Robert Snyder and Robert Davis) of fraud. Alterman, a limited partner who had a 20% ownership share of the team, accused both Snyder and Davis of selling the team for well below the value that was represented to Alterman. Davis and Snyder had listed the team as being for sale for $1.2 million. Alterman argued in his lawsuit that Davis and Snyder informed him that no team could be sold for less than $2 million.

The team was eventually sold to a Birmingham, Alabama, ownership group. Upon the folding of the IHL, the ownership relocated the Matadors' franchise and bought the rights to the Cincinnati Cyclones name that had been used since 1992. On July 16, 2001, it was confirmed that the new Cyclones franchise would start play as an ECHL team during the 2001–02 season.

Transactions

 * 05/19/98 - Matadors name Terry Christensen head coach.
 * 10/21/98 - Matadors transfer defenseman Thom Cullen from the 10-day to the 14-day injured reserve; Matadors place forward Jan Jas on the 10-day injured reserve.
 * 10/25/98 - Matadors sign defenseman Dennis Wood to PTO contract sun-sentinel.com/transactions.
 * 11/05/98 - Matadors activate Thom Cullen from 14-day injured reserve
 * 11/15/98 - Matadors suspend center/left wing Mike Sancimino
 * 12/08/98 - Matadors trade defenseman Wes Swinson and forward Mike Sancimino to Tallahassee Tiger Sharks for the rights to forward Dan Lupo
 * 12/12/98 - Matadors waive forward Kevin Powell
 * 01/16/99 - Matadors suspend defenseman Kelly Hultgren
 * 02/05/99 - Matadors sign defenseman Eon MacFarlane; Matadors place center Jon Finstrom on waivers
 * 02/11/99 - Matadors place center Andrew Long on 10-day injured reserve.
 * 03/10/99 - Matadors sign Jed Fiebelkorn
 * 03/14/99 - Matadors activate John Badduke from injured reserve
 * 03/24/99 - Matadors sign forward Jason Carriere
 * 03/29/99 - Matadors sign forward Matt Redmond

Notable personnel

 * Reijo Ruotsalainen - Former defenseman who was a two-time Stanley Cup winner with the Edmonton Oilers prior to his arrival to the Matadors. Ruotsalainen was the Matadors' assistant coach.
 * Wes Swinson - Former Hartford Whalers draft pick, Swinson was named the first captain in Matadors' history on October 16, 1998
 * Brent Belecki - Starting goaltender of the Matadors. Belecki was named ECHL Rookie Of The Week once and Goaltender Of The Week on back to back weeks. Belecki had a 50 save victory in Miami's final home game.
 * Terry Lindgren - Only player in Matadors' history to be named to the ECHL All-Star game.
 * Lance Ward - former first round draft pick of the Florida Panthers, Ward would play 6 games with the Matadors. Ward would later go on to play over 200 games with the Panthers and the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim of the NHL.

title: Miami Matadors


text:
Talk:Car Wash (song)

Untitled
This article needs to be rewritten so that it covers both versions of the song. Disreguarding one or the other violates our neutral point of view policy, and makes the article factually innacurate. --FuriousFreddy 02:27, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * No, there needs to be another version for the other version of the song, but keep this the way it is. OmegaWikipedia 03:08, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Page move
It has been proposed that Car wash be renamed and moved to Car wash (business) so that Car wash (disambiguation) can be moved to Car wash. Please discuss at Talk:Car wash.--TonyTheTiger (t/c/bio/WP:CHICAGO/WP:LOTD) 15:35, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

This song was also in Undercover Brother during the credits —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.252.132.151 (talk) 21:34, 3 February 2009 (UTC)

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External links modified
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title: Talk:Car Wash (song)


text:
Talk:1865 in literature

What types of literature were being published in 1965?

title: Talk:1865 in literature


text:
Maianthemum canadense

Maianthemum canadense (Canadian may-lily, Canada mayflower, false lily-of-the-valley, Canadian lily-of-the-valley, wild lily-of-the-valley, two-leaved Solomon's seal) is an understory perennial flowering plant, native to Canada and the northeastern United States, from Yukon and British Columbia east to Newfoundland, into St. Pierre and Miquelon. It can be found growing in both coniferous and deciduous forests. The plant appears in two forms, either as a single leaf rising from the ground with no fruiting structures or as a flowering/fruiting stem with two to three leaves. Flowering shoots have clusters of 12–25 starry-shaped, white flowers held above the leaves.

The plant is rich in calcium and phosphorus and as such makes up the bulk of the diet of white-tailed deer in the northeastern United States in the spring, when lactating does and antler-growing bucks require extra amounts of those nutrients.

Description
Plants grow to 10 – tall, arising from branching rhizomes that have roots only at the nodes. Plants may be one-leaved and without fruiting structures (sterile). the fertile, flowering shoots have 2–3 leaves.

Leaves
The leaf blades are 4.5 – long by 3 – wide with a pointed tip. The lowest leaves are usually egg-shaped with two lobes at the base and a narrow space (sinus) between the lobes. Upper leaves are usually heart-shaped and set on a short 1–7 mm long petiole.

Flowering clusters
The clusters of 12–25 starry-shaped, white flowers are set in a complex raceme - an unbranched flowering cluster that has 1-3 (usually 2) stalked flowers per node, set at roughly equal distances along a central axis. The lowest flowers open first. The flower stalks (pedicels) are 3–7 mm long and thin (0.2-0.5 mm wide).

Flowers and fruits
The flowers are produced from spring to mid summer. They have four conspicuous, white, 1.5–2 mm long tepals. The fruit is a berry containing one or two round seeds. The berries are 4–6 mm across, mottled red in early summer and turning deep red by mid summer. A seed is produced infrequently and most plants in a location are vegetative clones, spreading by their shallow, trailing, white rhizomes.

Distribution
It is found in Canada from southeastern Yukon, southern Northwest Territories, into eastern British Columbia and east to Newfoundland and Labrador, and into St. Pierre and Miquelon. It is also found in the northern United States from the Dakotas east, south along the Appalachian Mountains and disjunct populations in Colorado, Wyoming, Nebraska and Kansas. It is possibly extirpated from Montana.

Habitat and ecology
Primarily a boreal forest understory species, but also found at low elevation sites in the Rocky Mountains, to 1800 m. It is associated with moist woods but is also found in sandy pine woods in the north and can persist in clearings.

Similar species
Although most Maianthemum have flower parts in sets of three, M. canadense plants have flowers with four tepals and four stamens, as in the very closely related Maianthemum bifolium and Maianthemum dilatatum. The range of these species do not overlap. M. bifolium is found in temperate Eurasia, and M. dilatatum is essentially a coastal species found from Alaska south to northwest California as well as Mongolia to Japan. Maianthemum trifolium is also a small herb and has a distribution similar to M. canadense, but the flower parts are in sets of 3s, the leaf bases are tapered, not heart-shaped; it is found in wet habitat such as bogs.

Subspecies
No subspecies are currently recognized, although in the western half of the range plants with hairs and consistently larger leaves have been treated as var. interius.

title: Maianthemum canadense


text:
Alan Smith (cricketer)

Alan Christopher Smith (born 25 October 1936), often known as A. C. Smith, is an English former Test cricketer, who appeared in six Tests matches for England. Primarily a wicket-keeper, Smith was also a capable right-handed middle-order batsman and right-arm seam bowler. Very unusually for a regular wicket-keeper, he was sometimes selected by Warwickshire as a frontline bowler.

He was in the last group of amateurs to play for England, before the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) abolished such a status.

Life and career
Educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham and Brasenose College, Oxford, Smith scored his maiden first-class century (106, opening the batting) for Oxford University against the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in 1958. He won blues 1957–1960, and captained Oxford University 1959–1960. Against Hampshire in 1959, Smith captained Oxford, kept wicket and scored centuries in both innings (145 and 124). Against the Free Foresters in 1960, Charles Fry's deputising as wicket-keeper allowed Smith to bowl himself; having never previously taken more than a single first-class wicket in an innings, he claimed figures of 5–32 and 4–45.

With Jim Parks, Jr. incumbent as England's wicket-keeper, Smith's international opportunities were limited to one tour of Australia and New Zealand under the captaincy of Ted Dexter in 1962–63. Smith failed with the bat in his four Tests against Australia; his score of 69 not out from number 10 in the Second Test against New Zealand, sharing a vital unbroken 163-run partnership with Colin Cowdrey to set up an innings victory, was his only batting contribution of note.

He succeeded M. J. K. Smith, to whom he was unrelated, as county captain of Warwickshire in 1965, retaining the post until his retirement at the end of the 1974 season. Against Essex in 1965 he achieved the very rare feat of taking a hat-trick as bowler in a first-class match in which he had been selected as a wicket-keeper. As the West Indian wicket-keeper Deryck Murray played for Warwickshire from 1972 onwards, Smith was seldom required to keep, and was hence able to bowl increasingly regularly towards the end of his career; in 1972 he took 5–47 against Glamorgan and 5–19 in a 40-over match against Northants. On one occasion, Smith was a member of a Warwickshire team which boasted three international wicket-keepers, none of whom were keeping wicket: Deryck Murray was injured, Rohan Kanhai had given up keeping, and Smith had been selected for his bowling, leaving occasional wicket-keeper John Jameson behind the stumps.

After retirement he became a leading figure in the game's organisation including spells as Secretary of Warwickshire County Cricket Club (1976–1986), as an England selector and Chief Executive of the Test and County Cricket Board (1986–1996).

title: Alan Smith (cricketer)