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The Flame of New Orleans

The Flame of New Orleans is a 1941 American historical comedy film directed by René Clair and starring Marlene Dietrich and Bruce Cabot in his first comedy role. The supporting cast features Roland Young, Andy Devine and Franklin Pangborn. It was made and distributed by Universal Pictures. It was the last of three films Dietrich made with producer Joe Pasternak who called it "in many ways, our most interesting."

The movie was nominated for an Oscar for Best Art Direction by Martin Obzina, Jack Otterson and Russell A. Gausman.

Plot
The legend of "Claire of New Orleans" is born after two fishermen find a wedding dress floating around on the Mississippi River one day. The legend tells that the Countess Claire Ledux disappeared on her wedding day in the year of 1840, and when the dress was found, the people of New Orleans assumed that the bride had committed suicide by throwing herself into the river. This is how the story begins, and then we find out what really happened, as the story of Claire Ledux is revealed.

When Claire arrives in New Orleans for the first time in her life she has a strong ambition to become Mrs Charles Giraud - a very rich and renowned banker. She gets her opening one night at the opera, when she manages to get the seat next to the banker. Trying to catch the unsuspecting banker's attention she fakes fainting in her seat. The banker immediately rushes to her rescue and Claire's mission is accomplished. Desperate to see the beautiful Claire again, Charles sends his valet over to Claire's maid Clementine after the opera. The maid forwards the message, asking Claire to meet with Charles in the park. Claire and the maid make a plan to let a man harass Claire in the park, so that Charles can come to her "rescue". But even the simplest plans go wrong, and on the way to the park Claire's carriage runs over a monkey by accident. The monkey belongs to river boat captain Robert Latour. He stops the carriage, but since Clementine believes this is the man they hired to make a fuzz with them, she tells the driver to go on and ignore the man. Robert Latour is aggravated by this behaviour and tips the carriage over.

After this incident, where Charles was not only stood up by Claire since the carriage never arrived, but also deprived of a chance to come to her aid, he swears to avenge Robert Latour's insolent behaviour. He also vows to properly take care of and guard Claire every night from now on.

Attending a Mardi Gras festivity, Claire recognizes Robert Latour in the crowd, and points him out to Charles, who is quick to challenge Robert to a duel. Robert gets to choose weapons, and he chooses knives, something Charles isn't quite prepared for. Robert gets a distinct advantage over Charles in the duel, and Claire steps in to interrupt what she fears will be the end of the banker's life. She tells Charles that she mistook Robert for someone else, thus ending the battle.

To settle the matter once and for all, Robert invites Claire to dinner on his rover boat the following night. He borrows 150 dollars to pay for the feast. But while Claire is getting ready for her meeting with Robert, Charles arrives and throws her a proposal of marriage there on the spot. Claire accepts his proposal, and sends a message via her maid to Robert, cancelling the dinner without telling him the real reason. Robert fears that Claire is taken ill and in need of a doctor. He rushes over to her house to offer his assistance, but sees Charles through the window, and realizes the real reason for her rejection.

Only two days before their wedding Charles throws a party in Claire's honor. To the party comes many distinguished guests, and among them are the newly arrived Russian gentleman Zolotov. This man sees Claire and recognizes her from St. Petersburg. During the evening Zolotov tells stories of Claire to a friend of his, Bellows, and Charles' brother-in-law hears them talk. Charles hears of the stories and is upset, challenging Zolotov to a duel. Zolotov has no wish to enter a duel with the banker, and swears he must have been mistaken, since the girl he knew was known to fake fainting to get a man's attention. At this point Claire faints and is carried out of the room.

The next day Charles comes to visit Claire in her home in order to break off their engagement. He doesn't get to meet Claire, but is instead confronted by a woman named Lili - in reality Claire, playing her illegitimate cousin from St. Petersburg. A woman of highly questionable reputation, seen from Charles' point of view. Charles agrees to meet with Lili that same night at the Oyster Bed Café, located down by the docks. Charles brings Zolotov and Bellows to the restaurant, and demands that Lili leave town never to return - he doesn't wish to be associated with the kind of woman she is. Feeling threatened, Lili decides to leave, but before she does she bumps into Robert Latour. Robert opens his heart to Lili and tells her he is in love with Claire, and has been since he first met with her. Charles finds Lili and Robert talking, and promises to settle Robert's loan debt if he takes Lili out of New Orleans. Robert agrees to this.

Robert passes by Claire's house and peers through the window, seeing Lili inside. He puts two and two together and realizes that Lili and Claire are the same person. He doesn't confront her, but tells what he has found out to Charles. They conspire to abduct Claire and hide her away on Robert's boat until the wedding. Once Robert arrives back to his boat with Claire, he sets her free and she decides to stay the night. The morning after Claire tells Robert that they will never see each other again.

The wedding is held as planned a day later, but when Claire sees Robert as one of the guests, she realizes that he is the one she loves and fakes fainting again. In the turmoil that follows, Claire disappears and is nowhere to be found. She sails away with Robert on his boat, and throws her wedding dress into the Mississippi river.

Cast

 * Marlene Dietrich as Countess Claire Ledoux, aka Lili
 * Bruce Cabot as Robert Latour
 * Roland Young as Charles Giraud
 * Mischa Auer as Zolotov
 * Andy Devine as Andrew, The First Sailor
 * Frank Jenks as Second Sailor
 * Eddie Quillan as Third Sailor
 * Laura Hope Crews as Auntie
 * Franklin Pangborn as Bellows
 * Theresa Harris as Clementine, Claire's Maid
 * Clarence Muse as Samuel, Carriage Driver
 * Melville Cooper as Brother-in-Law
 * Anne Revere as Giraud's Sister
 * Bob Evans as William
 * Emily Fitzroy as Giraud's Cousin Amelia
 * Shemp Howard as the Oyster Bed Cafe Waiter (uncredited)

Development
The star was Marlene Dietrich who had revived her career at Universal appearing in Destry Rides Again (1939) produced by Joe Pasternak. In May 1940 Universal announced it would make two Dietrich films over the following year: Seven Sinners and The Countess of New Orleans. Both were to be among the studio's bigger budgeted productions.

In October 1940 Universal announced the director of Countess would be René Clair, who had arrived in Lisbon from France in August. It was Clair's first Hollywood movie although he had directed two English-language films in England. Dietrich later said Clair's hiring was Pastenak's idea and "at first I resisted, but finally out of loyalty to my old principle that doing your duty was all that mattered, I yielded." Pasternak wrote in his memoirs that he suggested Clair, asked Dietrich "What do you say?" and she said "I think it'd be wonderful."

In November Universal said they hoped to make the film in the next month. However this did not happen. In December Universal said the film would now be called The Flame of New Orleans and star Andy Devine, Roland Young and Broderick Crawford alongside Dietrich. (Crawford ended up not appearing in the film.)

Hal Wallis says George Raft "made a lot of noise" trying to play the male lead opposite Dietrich but Warners, who had Raft under contract, would not let him.

Bruce Cabot's casting was announced in January 1941. "Bruce is all right but I don't think he's Dietrich calibre," wrote Hedda Hopper. "However I can be convinced. But I'll wait till the picture's finished."

Clair later admitted he preferred to spend a long time working on the script "in great detail and very slowly" so that by the time it was done "an assistant director should be able to shoot it." However this was difficult for Flame because of his lack of command of the English language.

Shooting
Filming started 6 January 1941. Dietrich and Cabot reportedly feuded during production. She later called him "an awfully stupid actor, unable to remember his lines or cues. Nor could Clair, who didn’t speak a word of English, lend him a helping hand. Besides, Cabot was very conceited. He wouldn’t accept any help. I finally resigned myself to paying for his lessons, so that he would at least know his lines.  The crew loathed Clair (surely because of the language barrier) to such an extent that the technicians almost pushed me off the set the moment they heard the order: “Pack up your things”."

During filming the New York Times reported that the Hays Office were concerned about the movie, in part because Clair was French, and it starred Dietrich as a woman of ill repute in "a colorful city during the most colorful period of its career." In particular, the Hays Office was worried about several specific scenes. Clair offered to shoot the scenes in two different ways so if the Hays Office objected Joe Pasternak would have an alternative. Krasna was on set and reworked the script constantly with Clair in order to help it get past the censors.

Krasna later said he felt that Marlene Dietrich could not play comedy, saying she had "a frozen face", and needed experienced comedic actors to play opposite her like Cary Grant and Adolphe Menjou; he thought Bruce Cabot and Roland Young were miscast (calling the leads "three people who didn't move"). He also relates that the Hays Office insisted that two reels of the film be removed for censorship reasons.

Critical
Hedda Hopper said the film was like "molasses in January... Clair's direction lacks the zip we demand... the flame simmered down to a slow burn." The film received poor reviews on the whole.

Pasternak wrote "the critics were, I thought, unfair to Rene" and he felt "if Clair had made this same picture in France and it had come over here with a French soundtrack and the usual subtitles, the critical ladies and gentlemen would have been talking about "Gallic wit," "the deft French touch," and "Latin sauciness." As it was, they jumped on us hard for trying to do something a little different." He also felt that unconsciously "they berated Rene Clair for making films in this country instead of France, not realizing that Rene had come here in search of that freedom which his pictures have always sung."

Pasternak also felt "the critics were most cruel to" Dietrich "chiding her for being mannered again and all the rest of it. She thought she was spoofing her old self, but apparently the gentle satire was lost." Pasternak wrote "Marlene didn't mind" because the war was going badly for the Allies "and Marlene's heart was not entirely centered on making motion pictures. She was thinking about the war and her adopted country's imminent part in it. Myself, I was trying to get out of my contract with Universal."

Box office
Clair called the film "a big flop, and a great handicap in my American career. When I started in Hollywood, they were enthusiastic about welcoming people they knew in Europe. We really had great possibilities. But you know how Hollywood is. If they get too much on you and you fail, finish; that happened to me in Flame of New Orleans. Maybe it was a little too subtle for that time."

Clair later said "I don't know now if it's as good or as bad as it's supposed to be. I think technically it's very good, but the spirit, you know, was half European and half American, so I don't know. It was my first film in America and I was very much impressed. I didn't know really if the people would like the film. You know, you never do a film alone, but you are always impressed by the atmosphere, the air you breathe. I didn't do any American films which depicted the modern way of life. I was always trying to escape."

Dietrich said the film "was a flop. I played a double role (sisters) and, as always, wore lavish costumes, but that wasn’t enough. I didn’t particularly like Rene Clair, but I didn’t hate him as much as the rest did."

Pasternak wrote "I did not think it made the bookkeepers at Universal very happy."

The box office disappointment of the movie, along with other Pasternak productions Nice Girl and A Little Bit of Heaven led to Universal being difficult with the budgets of Pasternak's movies - and contributed to the producer leaving Universal and going to MGM.

title: The Flame of New Orleans


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Scudo

Scudo may refer to:

Currency

 * Bolivian scudo
 * Italian scudo
 * Lombardy-Venetia scudo
 * Maltese scudo
 * Milanese scudo
 * Papal States scudo
 * Piedmont scudo
 * Sardinian scudo

Other

 * Fiat Scudo, a medium-sized van

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Scudo


text:
Ligne de Cerdagne

The Ligne de Cerdagne, usually referred to as Le Petit Train Jaune (Little Yellow Train, Tren Groc), is a gauge railway that runs from Villefranche-de-Conflent to Latour-de-Carol-Enveitg in the French Pyrenees.

History of the Line
The section of line between Villefranche-de-Conflent and Bourg-Madame was declared a public utility by law on 4 March 1903. This same law approved the granting of a concession for the line, signed on 5 December 1902, between the Minister of Public Works and the Compagnie des Chemins de Fer du Midi et du Canal Latéral à la Garonne. The law also superseded an earlier proposed standard gauge railway which had been authorised between Villefranche-de-Conflent and Olette, but never built.

A second law was approved on 23 March 1914 to extend the railway from Bourg-Madame to the 'French frontier station' of the transpyrenean line from Ax les Thermes to Ripoll, although the present station name at the terminus of Latour de Carol Enveitg was not mentioned. The declaration of public utility for this section of the line was confirmed on 4 September 1922.

Construction started in 1903 and the section to Mont-Louis was completed in 1910, followed by the extension to Latour-de-Carol in 1927.

Description of the Line
The line is 63 km long and climbs to 1593 m at Bolquère-Eyne, the highest railway station in France. The line serves 22 stations, fourteen of which are "request stops" (i.e., the train only stops when specifically requested by passengers). There are 19 tunnels, the longest of which is the Tunnel du Pla de Llaurar with a length of 380 meters, located at kilometre point 59.639.

Amongst the various structures along the line are two viaducts over the River Têt classified as Historic Monuments because of their architectural and technical importance:
 * 1) The Pont Séjourné, a 236.70 meters-long masonry viaduct at kilometer 18.002 in the town of Fontpédrouse
 * 2) The Pont Cassagne (also known as Pont Gisclard) at kilometre 24.422 is 253 meters long and, unusual for a railway bridge, a suspension bridge - the only one in France located on an operating railway. In 2023, a major project was carried out to replace 12 of the suspension cables.

The line is single-track with passing loops at, for example, Mont-Louis and Fontpédrouse-Saint-Thomas-les-Bains.

The trains are powered by electricity at 850 volts DC, supplied by third rail. The power is supplied by hydro-electric generators on the River Têt. The maximum speed of the train is 55 km/h. Two types of train are used: ones using modern, entirely closed two-car multiple units, and others using old-style trailer carriages and powered carriages - most are enclosed, though open carriages are also used when the weather allows. The open carriages allow dramatic views as the train traverses the twisting route and are popular with tourists. Line maintenance vehicles are stored at Villefranche-de-Conflent.

It is named after its yellow and red colours, derived from the Catalan flag. The line was constructed to provide an all-weather route from the high Cerdagne valley to the coast but, as the adjacent N116 road has been progressively improved, there has been population loss in the Cerdagne and the rail link is now chiefly a tourist attraction. Though its long-term future was in doubt in 2017, 80 million euros was invested in the line between 2010 and 2023 by the agency 'Plan Rail'.

Electrical discharges
In 1911, railway workers reported a fireball on the third rail between kilometres 28 and 40. A similar phenomenon occurred again when a train was hit by one of these fireballs during a thunderstorm. Lightning rods were installed where these events had occurred and the phenomenon has not been reported since installation.

title: Ligne de Cerdagne


text:
Bro'Sis

Bro'Sis was a multicultural R&B/pop group from Germany, which was formed through the TV series Popstars – Du bist mein Traum in 2001. The group comprised the singers Ross Antony, Hila Bronstein, Shaham Joyce, Faiz Mangat, Indira Weis, and Giovanni Zarrella. The sextet achieved major success with hit singles "I Believe", "Do You", "Heaven Must Be Missing an Angel", "Hot Temptation", and their first album Never Forget (Where You Come From) (2002).

Weis's departure from the group preceded the release of their second studio album, Days of Our Lives (2002), which contains singles "Oh No"/"Never Stop" and "V.I.P." In 2004, the remaining members released their third and final album, Showtime. Commercially less successful, it led to their departure from Cheyenne Records and internal conflicts within the group.

In 2005, the band announced a minor hiatus that was later revealed to be an official break-up. Bro'Sis became one of the few reality television winners and Popstars acts to achieve continued success. The band has sold 4 million records, making them one of the biggest-selling German groups.

Formation
In summer 2001, the German version of Popstars returned with a second installment of the series on the RTL II network, this time searching for a mixed-gender musical group. More than 11,000 budding singers attended open television auditions in Frankfurt, Cologne, Berlin, Stuttgart, Hamburg and Munich, conducted by choreographer Detlef "D!" Soost, producer Alex Christensen, and singer and radio host Noah Sow. Over the course of several recalls and re-recalls, the three judges and vocal coach Artemis Gounaki reduced the contestants to a group of 32. The singers then travelled to Ibiza, Spain to receive training in singing, dancing, and fitness. In the end, three females and five males remained who again moved into a loft in Munich to start working on their performance and publicity skills.

During a special episode on 11 November 2001, judges Soost and Christensen eventually disclosed that Ross Antony, Hila Bronstein, Shaham Joyce, Faiz Mangat, Indira Weis, and Giovanni Zarrella had been chosen to become part of the group, which was subsequently named Bro'Sis.

2001–2002: "I Believe" and Never Forget
On 10 December 2001, Bro'Sis released their Alex Christensen–produced debut single "I Believe" in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. The hip hop-influenced pop song debuted at number-one in all three nations, having sold approximately 800,000 copies within its first week of release, beating previous Popstars winners No Angels' first week success of their debut single "Daylight in Your Eyes". While "I Believe" remained another three weeks atop the German Singles Chart, it went triple platinum in Germany, and was certified platinum in Austria and Switzerland, respectively. Altogether, the single sold around 1.5 million copies, making it one of the biggest-selling singles ever in Germany.

Cheyenne Record consulted Toni Cottura, Thorsten Brötzmann, Marcus Brosch, and Marc Mozart to work with the group on their debut hip hop and R&B influenced debut album. Released in January 2002, Never Forget (Where You Come From) reached number one in Austria and Germany and peaked at number six on the Swiss Singles Chart. Reaching sales in excess of more than 450,000 units, the album became the eleventh biggest-selling album of the year in Germany. Due to the sheer volume of interest, Never Forget spawned another two top ten hits with "Do You" and "Heaven Must Be Missing An Angel". In the meantime, Bro'Sis finished a short club tour and appeared as a supporting act on O-Town's blitz tour.

In May 2002, Bro'Sis embarked on the Never Forget Tour. Compiling more than twenty dates, the tour concluded the following month. In October 2002, the band released the previously unreleased single "Hot Temptation", their fourth consecutive top ten hit. The following month, a Special Winter Edition reissue of the Never Forget was released, including their next single, the Christmas song "The Gift", a cover version of the 98 Degrees single. It reached number 16 on the German Singles Chart but failed to chart in Switzerland.

2003: Days of Our Lives and Weis's departure
In April 2003, Bro'Sis released the double A-side lead single from their second studio album, consisting of latin pop-influenced "Oh No" and the promotional German Football Association hymn "Never Stop". The single became the band's fifth top ten entry in Germany. On 9 May 2003, four days before the release of parent album Days of Our Lives, Weis announced her departure from the group. Official statements claimed that musical differences between her and the rest of the band had been the reason for leaving, with Weis expressing her displeasure about the increasing urban elements in their music. However, Antony later confirmed that she had fallen out with her bandmates.

Upon release, Days of our Lives debuted and peaked at number 10 on the German Albums Chart and reached the top 30 in Austria and Switzerland. A new version of album cut "V.I.P.", excluding Weis's vocals, was released as the album's second and final single and peaked at a moderate number 19 on the German Singles Chart in June 2004.

After a longer hiatus, Bro'Sis participated in the TV Allstars Christmas charity project in November 2003. Combining several bands and contestants from the German adaptations of Popstars and Star Search, a re-recording of the Band Aid's hit single "Do They Know It's Christmas?" was released as a single and became a top three hit in Germany. Bro'Sis also recorded a cover version of "White Christmas" for the accompanying The Ultimate Christmas Album, which was certified gold by the BVMI. Afterwards, the band teamed up with Popstars successors Overground and Preluders to tour throughout several German cities again.

2004: Showtime and break-up
In March 2004, all three bands collaborated on a promotional remake of "With a Little Help from My Friends" for the 2004 Red Nose Day. The same month, Bro'Sis released "U Build Me Up", the first single from their third studio album Showtime. It became the group's eighth consecutive top twenty entry on the German Singles Chart but was less successful than previous lead singles. The band took a bigger role in writing and recording Showtime, which saw them working with several new producers and songwriters, including Fredrik "Fredro" Ödesjö, Blair MacKichan and Marek Pompetzki. Released in August 2004, it underperformed commercially when it failed to chart in Austria and Switzerland and peaked at number 24 on the German Albums Chart, resulting in lackluster sales in general and the release of no further physical singles.

Amid ongoing internal conflicts within the group due to the emphasis on Bronstein, the group's sole female vocalist, the subordinate treatment of the other members, and declining commercial success, Bro'Sis's recording contract with Cheyenne Records expired in fall 2004 and was not renewed. In mid–2005, the group announced a minor hiatus that was later revealed to be an official break-up when meetings discussing future projects failed to materialize in January 2006.

Discography
Studio albums
 * Never Forget (Where You Come From) (2002)
 * Days of Our Lives (2003)
 * Showtime (2004)

title: Bro'Sis


text: User talk:209.217.119.142

title: User talk:209.217.119.142


text: Talk:Terraformer

title: Talk:Terraformer


text:
John Fane, 11th Earl of Westmorland

John Fane, 11th Earl of Westmorland (3 February 1784 – 16 October 1859), styled Lord Burghersh until 1841, was a British soldier, politician, diplomat, composer and musician.

Background
Styled Lord Burghersh from birth, he was born at Sackville Street, Piccadilly, London, the son of John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland, by his wife Sarah Child, daughter and heiress of the wealthy banker Sir Robert Child, builder of Osterley Park. His sister was the social hostess Sarah Villiers, Countess of Jersey, and his uncle was William Lowther, 1st Earl of Lonsdale, a Tory magnate from northern England. He was educated at Cheam School and then at Harrow from 1797 to 1799. Burghersh was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge on 28 January 1802 and received an M.A. in 1808.

He succeeded his father in the earldom in 1841.

Military career
On 9 May 1803, Burghersh was appointed a deputy lieutenant of Northamptonshire, and after the breakdown of the Peace of Amiens, he was commissioned a lieutenant in the Northamptonshire Militia on 30 June 1803. He entered the regular army as an ensign in the 11th Foot, without purchase, on 24 December 1803. On 5 January 1804 he transferred to the 7th Foot as a lieutenant and on 3 May 1805 he transferred to the 23rd Foot as a captain. He exchanged on 1 November to the 3rd Dragoon Guards, and served as aide-de-camp to Sir George Don when the latter led reinforcements to Hanover.

As early as 1802, his uncle Lord Lonsdale had contemplated putting Burghersh into Parliament for Londsdale's pocket borough of Cockermouth when Burghersh came of age; in fact, his uncle Thomas stepped down and Burghersh was returned for the Fane constituency of Lyme Regis at the ensuing by-election on 16 March 1806. Three days later he joined Brooks's Club, traditionally a resort of Whigs and particularly Foxite, but on 30 April 1806 voted with the Pitt administration (in which his father was Lord Privy Seal) against the repeal of the Additional Forces Acts 1803. Shortly thereafter, he was sent abroad, serving as assistant adjutant general to the forces in Sicily and Egypt from 1806 to 1807. He was with Admiral Duckworth's fleet during the Dardanelles Operation and then took part in the Alexandria expedition of 1807.

Burghersh was a supporter of the second Portland Ministry, in which his father was again Lord Privy Seal, but without particular activity in Parliament, appearing once in the debate on the price of wheat on 3 June 1808. He joined the army in Portugal led by Sir Arthur Wellesley in that year, and fought at Roliça and Vimiero in August.

On 6 May 1809, he was gazetted major in the 2nd West India Regiment in place of Thomas McMahon, sent to Lord Beresford's staff in Portugal, and lieutenant colonel on 9 May when he was himself sent to Portugal, This exceedingly rapid promotion, over the heads of many senior officers, drew the attention of William Shipley, member for Flint and recently retired as a lieutenant colonel. He moved that Burghersh's promotion was in violation of Army regulations, and the resolution was carried by the House of Commons. Lord Westmorland was compelled to ask the King not to sign Burghersh's commissions, and they were accordingly cancelled. In July, Burghersh was actively engaged at the Battle of Talavera. He soon after replied to a letter of his father's on his abortive promotion in May, telling him that "the military is a profession which I most sincerely love," but expressing his frustration at not occupying a situation more equal to his education and qualities. He served with the 3rd Dragoon Guards in their campaign in Portugal in 1810.

On 16 February 1811, he purchased a majority in the 83rd Foot, then transferred to the half-pay of the 91st Foot on 21 March. On 10 December 1811 he exchanged back into the 7th Foot and later the same year purchased a lieutenant-colonelcy in the 63rd Foot. On 4 June 1814, he was appointed an extra aide-de-camp to the Prince Regent and promoted to colonel in the Army. He was an extra aide-de-camp to the Duke of Wellington (his wife's uncle) and fought at Talavera and Busaco during the Peninsular War.

On 4 June 1815, Burghersh was appointed a CB. He was promoted major general on 27 May 1825. Made a KCB on 25 February 1838, he was promoted lieutenant general on 28 June 1838 and general in 1854 and was appointed Colonel of the 56th Foot in 1842.

Political and diplomatic career
Lord Westmorland sat as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Lyme Regis between 1806 and 1816. He served as Minister to Tuscany between 1814 and 1830, as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Prussia between 1841 and 1851 and as Ambassador to the Austrian Empire between 1851 and 1855. In Vienna, he was one of the British representatives at the congress of 1855.

During the Revolutions of 1820 he was accused by the Austrian Government of actively supporting the Revolution in Naples, and was urged by his own Government to show more discretion. Westmorland defended his conduct by arguing that while he was "no Jacobin" and had no sympathy with the revolutionaries, he was concerned that the Austrians would put down the revolution with such brutality that further political disturbance was inevitable.

He was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1815, a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Guelphic Order (KCH) in 1817, a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB) in 1838 and a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath (GCB) in 1846 and was sworn of the Privy Council in 1822.

Musician
Lord Westmorland was also a composer and a founder of the Royal Academy of Music. He was a great music lover who devoted most of his leisure hours to the study of music, was a good violinist and a prolific composer.

Family
Lord Westmorland married Priscilla Anne Pole-Wellesley, daughter of the Honourable William Wellesley-Pole, later first Baron Maryborough and third Earl of Mornington and Katherine Elizabeth Forbes, on 26 June 1811. They had seven children:
 * Lady Rose Sophia Mary Fane who married Henry Weigall and whose sons included the cricketer Gerry Weigall and the diplomat Archibald Weigall
 * Hon. John Arthur Fane (12 February 1816 – 29 August 1816)
 * George Augustus Frederick John Fane, Lord Burghersh (18 June 1819 – 29 April 1848)
 * Maria Louisa Priscilla Fane (24 May 1822 - 25 March 1837)
 * Ernest Fitzroy Neville Fane, Lord Burghersh (7 January 1824 – 22 June 1851)
 * Francis Fane, 12th Earl of Westmorland (1825–1891)
 * Hon. Julian Henry Charles Fane (10 October 1827 – 19 April 1870)

He died in October 1859, aged 75, and was succeeded in the earldom by his fourth but eldest surviving son, Francis. Lord Westmorland's fifth and youngest son Julian Fane was a poet and diplomat. The Countess of Westmorland died in February 1879.

title: John Fane, 11th Earl of Westmorland


text: Talk:Ligne de Cerdagne

title: Talk:Ligne de Cerdagne


text:
Ortygia

Ortygia (Ortigia ; Ὀρτυγία) is a small island which is the historical centre of the city of Syracuse, Sicily. The island, also known as the Città Vecchia (Old City), contains many historical landmarks.

The name originates from the Ancient Greek órtyx (ὄρτυξ), which means "quail".

Overview
The Homeric Hymn to Delian Apollo has it that the goddess Leto stopped at Ortygia to give birth to Artemis, the firstborn of her twins. Artemis then helped Leto across the sea to the island of Delos, where Leto gave birth to Apollo. Other ancient sources state that the twins were born in the same place – which was either Delos or Ortygia – but Ortygia, according to Strabo was an old name of Delos. Further, there were perhaps a half-dozen other places called Ortygia, so that the identification is uncertain.

It was also said that Asteria, the sister of Leto, metamorphosed into a quail (Ortyx), threw herself into the sea, and was metamorphosed into the island of Ortygia. Another myth suggested that it was Delos, rather than Ortygia.

Eos, the goddess of the dawn, fell in love with the mortal hunter Orion and abducted him to Ortygia, where he met Artemis and joined her retinue. He was slain by the goddess either because the gods did not approve of goddesses taking mortal men to lovers, or for challenging her in an archery contest, or trying to force himself upon one of her maids.

Ortygia was the mythological home of Arethusa, a chaste nymph who, while fleeing a river god, was transformed by Artemis into a spring, traversed underground and appeared here as the Fountain of Arethusa, thus providing water for the city. Arethusa and her pursuer, the river god Alpheus, came from Arcadia in Greece.

History
Ortygia, being an island just off the coast, was easily transformed into a natural fortress with harbors and was big enough that it could hold a significant population in ancient times. Therefore, the history of Ortygia is synonymous with the early history of Syracuse.

Location

Ortygia is located at the eastern end of Syracuse and is separated from it by a narrow channel. Two bridges connect the island to mainland Sicily. The island is a popular location for tourists, shopping, entertainment and is also a residential area.

Subdistricts

 * Graziella (Razziedda)
 * Bottari ('Uttari)
 * Mastrarua (Masciarrò)
 * Spirduta (Spidduta)
 * Maestranza (Mascianza)
 * Duomo (Domu)
 * Giudecca (Jureca)
 * Turba (Tubba)
 * Castello Maniace (Casteddu)

Landmarks

 * Cathedral of Syracuse
 * Piazza del Duomo, Syracuse
 * Piazza Archimede
 * Fountain of Arethusa

title: Ortygia


text:
Chambal division

The Chambal Division is an administrative geographical unit of Madhya Pradesh state of India. A river by the name Chambal, a tributary of Yamuna River, forms the boundary between Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh, in the upper part of the Chambal Division. Chambal is the administrative headquarters of the division. As of 2012, the division consists of the three districts of Bhind, Morena and Sheopur.

The current Divisional Commissioner of this division is Shri. Sanjeev Kumar Jha, IAS 1996 batch MP Cadre. He holds the charge of Chambal Division. Smt.Renu Tiwari IAS 2000 batch was the first female commissioner of the division.

title: Chambal division


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Midget wrestler

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep. Kudos for the rewrite. - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 04:15, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

Midget wrestler
Dicdef, which is patently obvious. We don't need an entry to tell us a "midget wrestler" is a midget who is also a wrestler. ESkog | Talk 19:45, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * and I'll start the bidding with delete. ESkog | Talk 19:45, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as rewritten - good job! I assumed this was just nonsense from a sockpuppet, my mistake.


text:
Category talk:Universities and colleges by subject

Types
There are certain "types" listed here that wouldn't fit, but the vast majority would, and the rest should be moved elsewhere, since this subcategory, otherwise, doesn't have a clear them. Aren't all of the subcategories types of something? --Esprit15d 19:46, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Schools for the Blind
Would be nice to see this category? searching for ones in Wikipedia, partial list includes: (suffix School for the Blind implied typically): West Virginia, California, North Dakota, Fukui Prefecture, Irente, Oklahoma, Maryland, Indiana, Arizona State, New Mexico, Mississippi, Texas, Kansas State, Alabama.--Billymac00 (talk) 04:45, 25 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Oregon, Kentucky, Hadley, Ohio State, Linden Lodge, Perkins, Colorado, Overbrook, Virginia, Florida,

Follow-up needed
following the recent CFD, I moved some up into the parent and added some into Category:Academic institutions by type, see.

There are sub-cats "by type" that now need attention. – Fayenatic  L ondon 16:02, 23 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Made some WP:CFDS noms. Cheers,  Sdkb  talk 16:28, 23 February 2024 (UTC)


text:
Browser hijacking

Browser hijacking is a form of unwanted software that modifies a web browser's settings without a user's permission, to inject unwanted advertising into the user's browser. A browser hijacker may replace the existing home page, error page, or search engine with its own. These are generally used to force hits to a particular website, increasing its advertising revenue.

Some browser hijackers also contain spyware, for example, some install a software keylogger to gather information such as banking and e-mail authentication details. Some browser hijackers can also damage the registry on Windows systems, often permanently.

While some browser hijacking can be easily reversed, other instances may be difficult to reverse. Various software packages exist to prevent such modification.

Many browser hijacking programs are included in software bundles that the user did not choose and are included as "offers" in the installer for another program, often included with no uninstall instructions, or documentation on what they do, and are presented in a way that is designed to be confusing for the average user, to trick them into installing unwanted extra software.

There are several methods that browser hijackers use to gain entry to an operating system. Email attachments and files downloaded through suspicious websites and torrents are common tactics that browser hijackers use.

Rogue security software
Some rogue security software will also hijack the start page, generally displaying a message such as "WARNING! Your computer is infected with spyware!" to lead to an antispyware vendor's page. The start page will return to normal settings once the user buys their software. Programs such as WinFixer are known to hijack the user's start page and redirect it to another website.

Non-existent domain pages
The Domain Name System is queried when a user types in the name of a website (e.g., wikipedia.org) and the DNS returns the IP address of the website if it exists. If a user mistypes the name of a website then the DNS will return a Non-Existent Domain (NXDOMAIN) response.

In 2006, EarthLink started redirecting mistyped domain names over to a search page. This was done by interpreting the error code NXDOMAIN at the server level. The announcement led to much negative feedback, and EarthLink offered services without this feature.

Operation
Unwanted programs often include no sign that they are installed, and no uninstall or opt-out instructions.

Most hijacking programs constantly change the settings of browsers, meaning that user choices in their own browser are overwritten. Some antivirus software identifies browser hijacking software as malicious software and can remove it. Some spyware scanning programs have a browser restore function to set the user's browser settings back to normal or alert them when their browser page has been changed.

Avoidance
As of Microsoft Windows 10, web browsers can no longer set themselves as a user's default without further intervention; changing the default web browser must be performed manually by the user from Settings' "Default apps" page, ostensibly to prevent browser hijacking.

Examples of hijackers
A number of hijackers change the browser homepage, display adverts, and/or set the default search engine; these include Astromenda (www.astromenda.com);  Ask Toolbar (ask.com); ESurf (esurf.biz) Binkiland (binkiland.com); Delta and Claro; Dregol; Jamenize; Mindspark; Groovorio; Sweet Page; Mazy Search; Search Protect by Conduit along with search.conduit.com and variants; Tuvaro; Spigot; en.4yendex.com; Yahoo; etc.

Babylon Toolbar
Babylon Toolbar is a browser hijacker that will change the browser homepage and set the default search engine to isearch.babylon.com. It is also a form of adware. It displays advertisements, sponsored links, and spurious paid search results. The program will collect search terms from your search queries.

Babylon's translation software prompts to add the Babylon Toolbar on installation. The toolbar also comes bundled as an add-on with other software downloads.

In 2011, the CNet site Download.com started bundling the Babylon Toolbar with open-source packages such as Nmap. Gordon Lyon, the developer of Nmap, was upset over the way users of his software were tricked into using the toolbar. The vice-president of Download.com, Sean Murphy, released an apology: The bundling of this software was a mistake on our part and we apologize to the user and developer communities for the unrest it caused.

Similar variants of the Babylon toolbar and search homepage exist including: Bueno Search, Delta Search, Claro Search, and Search GOL. All of these variants state to be owned by Babylon in the terms of service.

All of the toolbars were created by Montiera.

Conduit (Search Protect)
Conduit is a PUP / hijacker. It steals personal and confidential information from the user and transfers it to a third party. This toolbar has been identified as Potentially Unwanted Programs (PUPs) by Malwarebytes and is typically bundled with free downloads. These toolbars modify the browser's default search engine, homepage, new tab page, and several other browser settings. There are similar variants of conduit search such as trovi.com, trovigo.com, better-search.net, seekforsearch.com, searchitdown.com, need4search.com, clearsearches.com, search-armor.com, searchthatup.com, premiumsearchweb.com, along with other variants which were created in a customized way for the toolbar creation service Conduit Ltd used to offer.

A program called "Conduit Search Protect", better known as "Search Protect by conduit", can cause severe system errors upon uninstallation. It claims to protect browser settings but actually blocks all attempts to manipulate a browser through the settings page; in other words, it makes sure the malicious settings remain unchanged. Search Protect has an option to change the search homepage from the "recommended" search home page Trovi, however, users have reported it changing back to Trovi after a period of time. The uninstall program for Search Protect can cause Windows to be unbootable because the uninstall file not only removes its own files, but also all the boot files in the root of the C: drive. and leaves a BackGroundContainer.dll file in the start-up registry. Conduit is associated with malware, spyware, and adware, as victims of this hijacker have reported unwanted pop-ups and embedded in-text advertisements, on sites without ads.

Perion Network Ltd. acquired Conduit's ClientConnect business in early January 2014, and later partnered with Lenovo to create Lenovo Browser Guard, which uses components of Search Protect.

Victims of unwanted redirections to conduit.com have also reported that they have been attacked by phishing attempts and have received unwanted email spam, junk mail, other messages, and telephone calls from telemarketers. Some victims claim that the callers claimed to be Apple, Microsoft, or their ISP, and are told that personal information was used in some phone calls, and that some of the calls concerned their browsing habits and recent browsing history. Personal information used in phishing attempts may be associated with spyware.

istartsurf.com
The browser hijacker istartsurf.com may replace the preferred search tools. This infection travels bundled with third-party applications and its installation may be silent. Due to this, affected users are not aware that the hijacker has infected their Internet Explorer, Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox browsers.

Search-daily.com
Search-daily.com is a hijacker that may be downloaded by the Zlob trojan. It redirects the user's searches to pornography sites. It is also known to slow down computer performance.

Snap.do
Snap.do (Smartbar developed by Resoft) is potential malware, categorized as a browser hijacker and spyware, that causes Internet browsers to redirect to the snap.do search engine. Snap.Do can be manually downloaded from the Resoft website, though many users are entrapped by their unethical terms. It affects Windows and can be removed through the Add/Remove program menu. Snap.Do also can download many malicious toolbars, add-ons, and plug-ins like DVDVideoSoftTB, General Crawler, and Save Valet.

General Crawler, installed by Snap.do, has been known to use a backdoor process because it re-installs and re-enables itself every time an affected user removes it through their browser(s).

Snap.do will disable the option to change your homepage and default search engine.

Resoft will track the following information:
 * The Internet domain and IP address from which the user accesses the Resoft Products (location, ID, etc.)
 * Screen resolution of the user's computer monitor (display)
 * The date and time the user intentionally or unintentionally accesses Resoft products
 * The pages the user is visiting with the Resoft Products (with or without knowledge of using Resoft products, Snap.do)
 * If the user willingly or unwillingly linked to a Resoft website from another referring website, the address of that site

By using the Resoft Products, the user consents to have their personal data transferred to and processed both within and outside of the United States of America.

By using the Resoft website, the user agrees to the preceding uses of their information in this way by Resoft.

SourceForge Installer
A previous installer of SourceForge included adware and PUP installers.

One particular one changes the browser settings of Firefox, Chrome and Internet Explorer to show the website "istartsurf.com" as the homepage. It does so by changing registry settings and installing software which resets the settings if the user tries to change them.

On June 1, 2015, SourceForge claimed that they stopped coupling "third party offers" with unmaintained SourceForge projects.

Vosteran
Vosteran is a browser hijacker that changes a browser's home page and default search provider to vosteran.com. This infection is essentially bundled with other third-party applications. The identity of Vosteran is protected by privacyprotect.org from Australia. Vosteran is registered through Whiteknight.

Trovi
It can be found when installing "Cheat Engine" or a different version of "VLC Player" on www.oldapps.com, or when downloading applications from certain freeware sites, such as Softonic.com or Download.com.

Trovi uses Bing (a legitimate search engine) to provide results to the user. Although the address bar changes to Bing.com when showing search results, search keywords are executed through Trovi regardless. Trovi formerly used its own website to show search results with the logo at the top left hand corner of the page but later switched to Bing in attempt to fool users more easily. Trovi is not as deadly as before with taking the ads out of the search results depending on what browser is being used, but is still considered a browser hijacker.

It also controls the homepage and new tab page settings to prohibit the ability to change them back to the original settings. Depending on whatever browser is being used, ads may appear on the page.

When it infects, it makes a browser redirect from Google and some other search engines to trovi.com.

Trovi was created using the Conduit toolbar creation service and has known to infect in similar ways to the Conduit toolbar.

title: Browser hijacking


text:
Talk:City Hall-County Building

Green roof
I have uploaded a larger image of the green roof here. There's just one problem - I took the photo in early spring, and so it wasn't actually very green at the time... DWaterson (talk) 21:52, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

Cook County
Does the Cook County Board of Commissioners sit in the County Building portion of the building or somewhere else? If somewhere else, is it in the Richard Daley Center or some other building? This doesn't seem to be specified anywhere, and it'd be nice to have that information somewhere on wiki (i.e. where the seat of Cook County government is located). --Criticalthinker (talk) 15:23, 9 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:City Hall-County Building


text:
User talk:Jerry7171

Welcome!
Hi,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! Hello, and welcome to the loony yet quite pleasing ranks of Wikipedians! My name is BorgHunter, one of very many zany Wikipedians around here, and let me be the first to welcome you here. Before getting too in-depth, you may want to read about the simplified ruleset. If you need help on how to title new articles check out the naming conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the manual of style. If you need help look at Help and the FAQ, plus if you can't find your answer there, check the Village Pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions)! There's still more help at the Tutorial and Policy Library. Plus, don't forget to visit the Community Portal. And if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my user talk page. And don't worry -- you may well have a bunch of questions after that avalanche of info I just threw at you. Yeah, Wikipedia has a bit of a culture and etiquette of its own, but you get used to it! ---

Additional tips
Here's some extra tips to help you get around in the 'pedia!
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills the Sandbox is for you.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes (~). If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * You may want to add yourself to the new user log.
 * You should also consider (if you have not already) creating a user page for yourself, to tell us a bit about you. Don't worry if it's small at first -- most people tend to grow their user pages over a period of time, much like Wikipedia articles. Don't expect everything to happen all at once!
 * If you ever think a page or image should be deleted, please list it at the votes for deletion page. There is also a votes for undeletion page if you want to retrieve something that you think should not have been deleted.
 * If you're still entirely confused, or would like to get a better grasp of your wikipedia skills, and you have an IRC client (or don't mind getting one), check out the Bootcamp. It's not what it sounds like, but it is fun and can help you with your editing skills.
 * If you're bored and want to find something to do, try the Random page button in the sidebar, or check out the Open Task message in the Community Portal.

Happy Wiki-ing.
--BorgHunter (talk) 19:46, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Kaufmann Head Louvre Museum.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Kaufmann Head Louvre Museum.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Longhair 09:54, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jerry7171


text:
Politechnika Warszawska PW-6

The Politechnika Warszawska PW-6U is a Polish two-seat training sailplane designed at the Warsaw University of Technology for basic flight instruction and transition training to the PW-5 single-seater. It was manufactured at PZL Świdnik from 2000 and at ZS Jezow from 2007.

Development
The PW-6 was designed to be an ab initio trainer with the capability of providing cross-country training as well. It has handling and performance characteristics similar to the Politechnika Warszawska PW-5. In this way, it was envisaged that the transition to solo flying in the single-seater could be made sooner.

The prototype of the PW-6, built at the Politechnika Warszawska, PZL Świdnik and DWLKK, made its maiden flight from Bemowo Airfield, Warsaw, in July 1998. Type certification was granted in September 2000, after Jerzy Kedzierski and Maciej Lasek completed the test flights. Serial production started at PZL Swidnik soon afterwards, with first deliveries to Egypt, New Zealand, Belgium, Canada, United States, Portugal and Germany. Production at PZL Swidnik ceased after approximately 26 aircraft had been completed, but resumed at Zaklad Szybowcowy Jezow in 2007.

Design

 * Classical shoulder-wing, two seater, tandem layout, designed in accordance with the requirements of JAR-22 Utility Category.
 * Wing shape and profile are similar to the PW-5 design: trapezoid plan with bow-shaped ends, shoulder-set on the fuselage, having a single-spar structure with sandwich shells. Schempp-Hirth-type air brakes extend on the upper wing surface only.
 * Fuselage shell of glass-epoxy composite monocoque structure, stiffened with frames. Fabric-covered rudder.
 * Fixed undercarriage consisting of main wheel behind the rear pilot, with shock absorber and drum brake, a smaller front wheel and a tail wheel to prevent ground scraping if over rotation takes place during take off or landing.
 * Two tow releases, for aerotowing and winch-launching.

Variants
The following derivatives were projected, though not built:
 * PW-7 Motorglider project: two seater side-by-side motorglider, with PW-6 wing geometry.
 * PW-9A Aerobatic Training Glider, with automatic control connections and tail ballast compartment.
 * PW-9M Self Launching Training Glider, with Solo engine and folding propeller.

title: Politechnika Warszawska PW-6


text:
User:Chris Bramhall

A resident of Isle of Man, I'm something of an information addict. Discovering Wikipedia, I was reminded of what the internet was always described as, back in the mythical golden age (i.e. before most of us were online!)

Having found lots of value in what others have previously contributed here, I'd now like to try to put something back. So far, I've started small -- very small -- but I believe this Wiki stuff can be addictive. Is there such a thing as Wikipedians Anonymous yet?

/Alfred Cheney Johnston

title: User:Chris Bramhall


text:
User talk:MeriToT

Welcome!
Hi,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! Hello, and welcome to the loony yet quite pleasing ranks of Wikipedians! My name is BorgHunter, one of very many zany Wikipedians around here, and let me be the first to welcome you here. Before getting too in-depth, you may want to read about the simplified ruleset. If you need help on how to title new articles check out the naming conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the manual of style. If you need help look at Help and the FAQ, plus if you can't find your answer there, check the Village Pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions)! There's still more help at the Tutorial and Policy Library. Plus, don't forget to visit the Community Portal. And if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my user talk page. And don't worry -- you may well have a bunch of questions after that avalanche of info I just threw at you. Yeah, Wikipedia has a bit of a culture and etiquette of its own, but you get used to it! ---

Additional tips
Here's some extra tips to help you get around in the 'pedia!
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills the Sandbox is for you.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes (~). If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * You may want to add yourself to the new user log.
 * You should also consider (if you have not already) creating a user page for yourself, to tell us a bit about you. Don't worry if it's small at first -- most people tend to grow their user pages over a period of time, much like Wikipedia articles. Don't expect everything to happen all at once!
 * If you ever think a page or image should be deleted, please list it at the votes for deletion page. There is also a votes for undeletion page if you want to retrieve something that you think should not have been deleted.
 * If you're still entirely confused, or would like to get a better grasp of your wikipedia skills, and you have an IRC client (or don't mind getting one), check out the Bootcamp. It's not what it sounds like, but it is fun and can help you with your editing skills.
 * If you're bored and want to find something to do, try the Random page button in the sidebar, or check out the Open Task message in the Community Portal.

Happy Wiki-ing.
--BorgHunter (talk) 19:46, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Future Trunks photo.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Future Trunks photo.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read carefully the instructions at Non-free content and then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies.

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Fair use rationale for Image:Tr time machine.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to Image:Tr time machine.jpg. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia constitutes fair use. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Tr time machine.jpg)
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title: User talk:MeriToT


text:
User talk:DevaSatyam

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! , SqueakBox 19:46, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

India related links
Welcome!! --Gurubrahma 10:56, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:DevaSatyam


text:
User talk:Halr9000

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! , SqueakBox 19:47, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Halr9000


text:
Family Values Tour 1998

The 1998 Family Values Tour was the first edition of the critically acclaimed fall music tour that initially combined nu metal, alternative metal, and rap acts. The tour was created and headlined by Korn.

Promotion
The tour was preceded by whirlwind political campaign-style tour named "Korn Kampaign" (from August 17, 1998 in Los Angeles through September 1 in Phoenix) to promote the release of their album Follow the Leader. It took the group all over North America to spread the news of their "Family Values" platform to hordes of fans at special "fan conferences" that were organized at every stop along the tour route. Korn chartered a jet, which took them to record stores in such cities as Riverside, Mountain View, Sacramento, Seattle, Minneapolis, Chicago, Denver, Detroit, Philadelphia, Boston, New York City, Toronto, Atlanta, and Dallas. The band talked to fans at every stop, answered questions during the special "fan conferences" and signed autographs. Jim Rose hosted the entire "Kampaign" tour. Celebrities at various stops included Ice Cube and Todd McFarlane.

Lineup
Artists who participated in 1998 Family Values Tour were:
 * Korn
 * Rammstein
 * Ice Cube
 * Incubus (replaced Ice Cube on October 25, 1998 for five remaining dates)
 * Limp Bizkit
 * Orgy

Ice Cube replacement
On October 27, 1998 due to the beginning of shooting the movie "Next Friday", Ice Cube was replaced by alternative metal band Incubus for the remaining five dates. The band is featured on the Family Values Tour '98 CD release with their song "New Skin", and can be also seen during performance of "All in the Family" on the DVD release. Ice Cube did not appear at the October 26, 1998 Wings Stadium (Kalamazoo, MI.) Incubus was present instead.

Feud with Rob Zombie
Initially, Rob Zombie was to be one of the artists participating on the tour, but was dropped due to high production costs, each Rob Zombie concert costing $125,000 in band fees and show production alone. Therefore, Rob Zombie was replaced by German industrial metal act, Rammstein. However, the given explanation was somewhat confusing. The Firm, Korn's management, said Zombie continually expressed dissatisfaction over not wanting to work with a hip-hop act on the bill, and was supposedly lectured by Rob Zombie management that "rock kids don't like hip-hop." Rob Zombie's manager, Andy Gould said those comments were false. He explained that Zombie has never even spoken to Korn, so he could not have made those comments. Although the statement released by Korn's management resulted in anger, Rob Zombie shared no bad blood with the bands participating in Family Values Tour. Next year, in 1999, both Rob Zombie and Korn got on good terms again, and launched the highly successful "Rock is Dead" tour together.

Trivia
In one of the more infamous moments, Rammstein's band members dressed up for Halloween. Most of them were practically naked with the exception of Richard Kruspe, who wore a wedding dress. Police dragged the members off the stage for indecent exposure and the concert ended after a mere 10 minutes.

Success
The 1998 edition of Family Values Tour was highly successful, the live compilation debuted at #7 at Billboard 200 chart selling 121,000 copies in its first week, and achieving gold record status by RIAA, while DVD - platinum.

Korn helped to promote then-unknown acts. The results were very promising. Rammstein's album "Sehnsucht" achieved platinum certification in the United States, also Orgy's debut "Candyass", which was released through Korn's own record label, Elementree Records, achieved similar success. Limp Bizkit enjoyed even greater success which helped them establish themselves as one of the leading acts of the nu metal wave at that time, and enjoyed enormous commercial success.

The 28 dates of Family Values Tour grossed $6.5 million and over 243,000 fans purchased the fan-friendly ticket prices that ranged from $26.00 to $29.50.

Critical acclaim for the tour started to pour in as soon as it all started. As Jim Farber noted in a review of the September 25, 1998 event at the Continental Arena in New Jersey in the New York Daily News:

"[...] The 4 and half hour show, a hip-hop DJ held equal ground with a drummer in the set by Limp Bizkit, a keyboardist added dance club beats to the classic metal of Rammstein, and two guitarists translated the needling sound of electronic hip-hop into the manic creations of Korn [...] This tour created a bold new profile for hard guitar bands taking cues from the music that replaced them as the soundtrack to masculine aggression."

The Los Angeles Times noted that the tour "certainly proved to be one of the rock spectacles of the year," while Steve Morse of the Boston Globe said that "Korn delivered the goods...by accelerating out of the box with a savage confluence of heavy metal, rap, and primal screaming from singer Jonathan Davis."

John Scher of Metropolitan Entertainment agreed: "The Family Values Tour was not only a great business success, but more importantly, a rousing success with the fans. I think, to a great degree, we accomplished what we set out to: creating a fun, wild evening with a unique atmosphere and incredible music."

Jonathan Davis, lead singer of Korn said: "We're creating some rock history with this tour. From that first show, I had goosebumps upon goosebumps. This is something special happening here. I hope that it becomes annual and it's gonna last."

Home media
The initial edition of Family Values Tour was highly successful and it was documented on separate DVD and CD releases, both put on sale on March 30, 1999 via Immortal/Epic Records. The CD release achieved gold record status in the United States while DVD release went platinum.

Controversy
The Family Values Tour 1998 crossed the US, and the promotion of Follow the Leader continued in Japan and Australia. However, Korn cited being accustomed to the American way of life, food, and culture, and The Family Values Tour 1998 had not come to Europe; the band never came there to promote Follow the Leader. Their European fanbase, disappointed not to have seen them since 1997, would see their return in 2000 for a successful Issues Tour.

title: Family Values Tour 1998


text:
Category:Regions of Mississippi

These articles pertain to the regions of the U.S. state of Mississippi.

title: Category:Regions of Mississippi


text:
The Dominion (Canada)

The Dominion is a monthly newspaper and web site in Canada.

The Dominion is published by the Dominion Newspaper Society, a non-profit organization. Formed by a group of independent journalists in April 2003, The Dominion publishes a print edition and distributes a pdf version of the newspaper online.

Dru Oja Jay is founding editor of the Dominion, and Hillary Lindsay is the paper's managing editor.

Previous contributors include Jon Elmer, Anthony Fenton, Yuill Herbert, Erin Steuter, Jen Pierce, Matthew Trafford, Rob Maguire, and Stewart Steinhauer.

The staff is based in cities across Canada, with concentrations in Halifax, Montreal and Vancouver. A local edition of the newspaper was published for several months as a street newspaper in Ottawa by the Ottawa Panhandlers' Union, but went on hiatus due to police harassment of homeless vendors of the newspaper and lack of funds.

The newspaper bills itself as providing "accurate, critical coverage that is accountable to its readers and the subjects it tackles" and examining "politics, culture and daily life with a view to understanding the exercise of power". In 2006, The Dominion editorial collective launched The Media Co-op as a national coast-to-coast network of local online media co-operatives.

In 2021, some members of the editorial collective launched an online news website called The Breach.

title: The Dominion (Canada)


text:
User talk:Bushytails/Drafts/Strap-on dildo

Mrrf! It's new, it's shiny, it's DONE! Well, as done as anything ever is when first posted.

The two vac-u-lock images are not free, and I'd be happier if the article used only free images (all the others I took myself and GFDLed, except for the BOB video cover). Anyone with a vac-u-lock harness, especially one with double internal plugs (the Ultra Harness 2000 Female being the most notable one, which I definitely wish I owned to photograph (and other things...)), might want to take some new photos for these two images. Keep in mind images from, say, online stores, are not usable on Wikipedia.

And now I need to get back to WikiProject Metalworking before the other wikiproject people yell at me. :) Bushytails 19:50, 13 October 2005 (UTC)


text: User talk:165.138.7.10

title: User talk:165.138.7.10


text:
Talk:President of Liberia

Ruth Perry's party is listed here as none/NDP. However, I can't find any verification. Her color code should be changed to reflect membership in the NDP, or as none, since I think she was supposed to be non-partisan during her term. Smmurphy 19:51, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Charles Taylor.jpg
Image:Charles Taylor.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 21:23, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Moses Blah2.jpg
Image:Moses Blah2.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 14:56, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on President of Liberia. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060615123302/http://www.info-regenten.de/regent/regent-e/liberia.htm to http://www.info-regenten.de/regent/regent-e/liberia.htm

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:44, 9 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:President of Liberia


text: User talk:69.76.190.81

title: User talk:69.76.190.81


text:
User talk:Pssmoke

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. , SqueakBox 19:51, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pssmoke


text: File:Brosis swhotime.jpg

title: File:Brosis swhotime.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Henchism

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Denelson83 03:38, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

Henchism
I think this is pretty deleteable. Non-notable joke vanity page. Delete Keithlard 19:54, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk  20:35, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - vanity, and not even a month old. --MacRusgail 20:47, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity of a few school children. Pur e blade | Word 21:33, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Vanity as per nomination -Abe Dashiell 13:09, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Don't Delete* these kids sound like they really belive in this guy, shouldn't we respect that? you can try to delete us but we have it saved on word and can easily replace again and again and again. the war is on and you won't win — Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.93.21.40 (talk • contribs) 17:22, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I speedied this once already (though I think it was a more nonsensical version). I'm willing to do it the long way this time. -R. fiend 20:02, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Kewp (t) 12:29, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, violates WP:NOR. Alphax τεχ 10:57, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: File:Test chamber AYool.jpg

title: File:Test chamber AYool.jpg