text:
African Independence Party (Burkina Faso)

The African Independence Party (Parti Africain de l'Indépendance) was a communist party in Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta), led by Philippe Ouédraogo.

It was founded as the Voltan Section of the African Independence Party (PAI) on 15 August 1963. In 1973, PAI launched the Patriotic League for Development (LIPAD) as its open mass front. LIPAD became an important movement during the revolution of 1983 and through LIPAD PAI took part in the Thomas Sankara government for one year. Then relations with Sankara soured and LIPAD was expelled from the government.

In the 1992 parliamentary elections, PAI was part of the pro-government Popular Front. PAI won two seats.

In 1999, the PAI split, and Soumane Touré formed a parallel PAI. The PAI led by Touré, which joined the government, obtained the legal recognition of the name PAI. The PAI led by Ouédraogo registered an electoral party, the Party for Democracy and Socialism, in 2002, in order to contest the elections on 5 May 2002. PDS won 1.7% of the popular vote and 2 out of 111 seats.

In 2005, Ouédraogo won 2.3% of the vote in the presidential elections. He was supported by the PAI, the PDS, the CDS, the GDP and the UFP.

PAI published L'Avant-Garde.

In 2012, the party merged into Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba.


text:
Penny Baker

Penny Baker (born October 5, 1965) is an American model and actress. After being interviewed in Chicago, she was chosen as Playboy's Playmate of the Month for January 1984, the 30th Anniversary Playmate. Her photos were shot by Arny Freytag in New York City, Buffalo, and Los Angeles when she was 17, with written permission from her parents. Her pictorial was titled "Lucky Penny" and it reported her age as 18.

In 1985, she had a cameo in the movie Real Genius, appearing in the pool slide scene. In 1986, she had a role as a high-priced prostitute in The Men's Club.

Baker was once interviewed by the author Martin Amis. According to him, "within a minute I had run out of questions."

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Penny Baker


text: Talk:Varanasi division

title: Talk:Varanasi division


text: Talk:Azamgarh division

title: Talk:Azamgarh division


text: Template:Yasawa

title: Template:Yasawa


text:
Henry Schlacks

Henry John Schlacks (July 4, 1867 – January 6, 1938) was primarily known as an ecclesiologist in a 19th Century sense of the word, meaning one who designs and decorates churches. He was from Chicago, Illinois, and is considered by many to be the finest of Chicago's church architects. Schlacks trained at MIT and in the offices of Adler & Sullivan before starting his own practice. He founded the Architecture Department at the University of Notre Dame and designed several buildings in the Chicago area.

Churches
Among the Churches that Schlacks designed are:

Chicago:
 * St. Adalbert Church
 * St. Anthony Church
 * St. Boniface Church
 * St. Clara Church (later St. Gelasius Church )
 * St. Ignatius Church
 * St. Ita Church
 * St. John of God Church
 * St. Mary of the Lake Church, 1917
 * St. Paul Church
 * St. Martin of Tours Church (Schlacks was supervising architect for this building, plans supplied by a German architect)
 * Angel Gurdian Croatian Catholic Mission Church

Evanston, Il
 * St. Nicholas Church

Forest Park, Illinois
 * St. John Lutheran Church

Oak Park, Illinois:
 * St. Edmund Church

Skokie, Illinois:
 * St. Peter Church

Indianapolis, IN
 * St. Joan of Arc Church

Topeka, KS
 * Holy Name-Mater Dei Church

Cincinnati, OH
 * St. Mark Church

Other works

 * Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad Depot, Grand Junction, Colorado, 1906
 * Denver & Rio Grande Western Depot, Salt Lake City, Utah, 1910
 * Idaho Building (Boise, Idaho)
 * Wm. J. Cassidy Tire Building, Chicago, Illinois, 1902

title: Henry Schlacks


text:
Talk:Prayagraj division

Category renaming discussion
An editor has proposed renaming Category:Allahabad division to Category:Prayagraj division. See Categories for discussion/Log/2020 June 20 -- Toddy1 (talk) 12:40, 20 June 2020 (UTC)

Requested move 27 June 2020

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: not moved. (non-admin closure)  ~SS49~   {talk}  12:41, 4 July 2020 (UTC)

Allahabad division → Prayagraj division – The city Allahabad has officially been renamed to Prayagraj and a discussion at its talk page takes place which of the two names is currently the common name. I do not have an opinion in that discussion. However, this article is not about the city but about an administrative subdivision, and for administrative subdivisions an official name change is always followed by default. Marcocapelle (talk) 09:21, 27 June 2020 (UTC)
 * pinging contributors to the above mentioned category discussion. Marcocapelle (talk) 09:32, 27 June 2020 (UTC)

 * Oppose, for the sake of consistency. Discussions at Talk:Allahabad have found a consensus to keep the page at that title; moving this one would cause confusion. Vanamonde (Talk) 16:36, 27 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose, since there is currently a consensus not to rename Allahabad to Prayagraj (per WP:COMMONNAME) - see Talk:Allahabad. If a division's name is derived from the name of its capital city, then it is obvious that the name and spelling on WP should match that of the capital city. — kashmīrī  TALK  16:40, 27 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose renaming / moving as per WP:COMMONNAME.-- 25 CENTS VICTORIOUS ☣ 05:26, 28 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose renaming on the grounds that Allahabad division/zone is more common in English than Prayagraj division/zone. Both names co-exist. Wikipedia should also be careful to maintain a neutral POV (and not a BJP party mouthpiece). The official renaming has been criticised in India as an attempt to distort and expunge history, to distract from the many failures of the ruling party. -- Toddy1 (talk) 12:15, 28 June 2020 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Requested move 26 April 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) – Material  Works  15:42, 3 May 2023 (UTC)

Allahabad division → Prayagraj division – Move to Prayagraj division, in line with official name. Such as Prayagraj itself 209.23.10.85 (talk) 13:14, 26 April 2023 (UTC)
 * Strong Support There is no point in delaying the rename anymore since the article on Prayagraj (headquarters) was recently renamed/moved from Allahabad on Wikipedia. see Talk:Prayagraj 456legend (talk) 06:15, 27 April 2023 (UTC)
 * Support - Too redundant to keep old name of adminstrative division when place name has already been changed. Should be done already. –JayB91 (talk) 13:13, 27 April 2023 (UTC)
 * Support - There was already a very long discussion regarding changing the name of the city to its official name, so it makes sense to change the name of the division to its official name as well. Besides that, it would maintain consistency in Wikipedia.Krishna Dahal (talk) 19:55, 27 April 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose. So where is the evidence that "Prayagraj Division" is the commonly-used English name for the division?  Google scholar certainly does not support it.  The official name was changed in 2018, and yet the old name, "Allahabad Division" is four times more common than "Prayagraj Division". WP:COMMONNAME should apply.
 * {| class="wikitable"

!colspan=3|Google Scholar search results, since 2019 !| Scholar search term !|Allahabad Division !|Prayagraj Division
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;"
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right; border-bottom: double 3px;"
 * style="text-align:left;"|2019-2023
 * 33
 * 8
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
 * style="text-align:left;"|2019
 * 7
 * 1
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
 * style="text-align:left;"|2020
 * 8
 * 0
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
 * style="text-align:left;"|2021
 * 7
 * 3
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
 * style="text-align:left;"|2022
 * 8
 * 3
 * -style="vertical-align:top; text-align:right;"
 * style="text-align:left;"|2023
 * 3
 * 1
 * }
 * -- Toddy1 (talk) 11:28, 28 April 2023 (UTC)
 * -- Toddy1 (talk) 11:28, 28 April 2023 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Support per above. And in opposition to Toddy1; the Google Scholar references are mostly using the place-name in a historical context and are not evidence regarding what the common name is today. Walt Yoder (talk) 20:49, 29 April 2023 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. 〜 Festucalex  •  talk  09:58, 2 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Prayagraj division


text:
Talk:Abul Kamal Tumin

Untitled
the only reference I can find to this guy are in "history of Anti-Semitism" articles. He would have belonged to the rebelling Berber tribes of the 11th century, but I am unable to determine whether he was a Zenata (or on what grounds his existence is even postulated). 11:00, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Abul Kamal Tumin


text:
Andrew Murray (Australian politician)

Andrew James Marshall Murray (born 29 January 1947) is an Australian politician. He was an Australian Democrats member of the Australian Senate from 1996 to 2008, representing Western Australia. In 2013, Murray was appointed a Royal Commissioner on the Australian Government Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse.

Background and early years
Murray was born in Hove, in the United Kingdom. In 1951 he was sent as a child migrant to the British colony of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), where he was educated before graduating from Rhodes University in South Africa with degrees in English and History. He continued his education at University of Oxford (Rhodes Scholar 1971), where he graduated with a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics.

Returning to Africa, Murray worked as an executive in large corporations, then ran his own businesses. He also worked as a consultant, lecturer and industry journalist and served in the Rhodesian Air Force. He was deported from South Africa in 1968 for opposing the apartheid policies of the white minority régime in his role as Deputy Vice President of the National Union of South African Students. The deportation order was withdrawn in 1977. Murray migrated to Australia in 1989.

Political career
Murray was applauded by some as an intelligent and thoughtful debater in the Senate. Others believe that he acted against the wishes of his party's members in voting for the Goods and Services Tax bills in 1999, a stance which caused an irreparable party-room rift, leading to terminal loss of electoral support.

Murray pushed for greater transparency in government contracting activities by obtaining Senate support for a motion that required federal government ministers to indicate what clauses in contracts are confidential and to then justify the need for confidentiality.

Murray did not seek re-election at the 2007 federal election and retired at the expiration of his term on 30 June 2008.

Royal commissioner
On 11 January 2013 the Prime Minister of Australia, Julia Gillard, announced Murray's appointment through Letters Patent as one of six Commissioners to the Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse.

title: Andrew Murray (Australian politician)


text:
1996 in Australia

The following lists events that happened during 1996 in Australia.

Incumbents

 * Monarch – Elizabeth II
 * Governor-General – Bill Hayden (until 16 February), then Sir William Deane
 * Prime Minister – Paul Keating (until 11 March), then John Howard
 * Deputy Prime Minister – Kim Beazley (until 11 March), then Tim Fischer
 * Opposition Leader – John Howard (until 11 March), then Kim Beazley
 * Chief Justice – Sir Gerard Brennan

State and territory leaders

 * Premier of New South Wales – Bob Carr
 * Opposition Leader – Peter Collins
 * Premier of Queensland – Wayne Goss (until 19 February), then Rob Borbidge
 * Opposition Leader – Rob Borbidge (until 19 February), then Peter Beattie
 * Premier of South Australia – Dean Brown (until 28 November), then John Olsen
 * Opposition Leader – Mike Rann
 * Premier of Tasmania – Ray Groom (until 18 March), then Tony Rundle
 * Opposition Leader – Michael Field
 * Premier of Victoria – Jeff Kennett
 * Opposition Leader – John Brumby
 * Premier of Western Australia – Richard Court
 * Opposition Leader – Jim McGinty (until 15 October), then Geoff Gallop
 * Chief Minister of the Australian Capital Territory – Kate Carnell
 * Opposition Leader – Rosemary Follett (until 5 March), then Andrew Whitecross
 * Chief Minister of the Northern Territory – Shane Stone
 * Opposition Leader – Brian Ede (until 9 April), then Maggie Hickey
 * Head of Government of Norfolk Island – Michael King

Governors and administrators

 * Governor of New South Wales – Peter Sinclair (until 1 March), then Gordon Samuels
 * Governor of Queensland – Leneen Forde
 * Governor of South Australia – Dame Roma Mitchell (until 21 July), then Sir Eric Neal
 * Governor of Tasmania – Sir Guy Green
 * Governor of Victoria – Richard McGarvie
 * Governor of Western Australia – Michael Jeffery
 * Administrator of the Australian Indian Ocean Territories – Danny Gillespie (until 30 June)
 * Administrator of Norfolk Island – Alan Kerr
 * Administrator of the Northern Territory – Austin Asche

January

 * 15 January – New South Wales Police Commissioner Tony Lauer announces his resignation.

February

 * 3 February – Liberal Frank Tanti wins the 1996 Mundingburra state by-election causing Labor to lose its Parliamentary majority in Queensland.
 * 5 February – New South Wales Royal Commissioner Justice James Roland Wood's interim report concludes that the police service's internal security, ICAC and the Ombudsman's Office are all incapable of dealing with police corruption.
 * 8 February – Queensland Premier Wayne Goss declares the Labor leadership open, but is re-elected unopposed.
 * 19 February – Rob Borbidge becomes Premier of Queensland and Joan Sheldon becomes Deputy Premier after Independent MP Liz Cunningham declares her support for the Coalition. Peter Beattie becomes Labor leader, with Jim Elder as deputy.
 * 24 February – A state election is held in Tasmania. The Liberal Party government of Ray Groom is re-elected; however, Groom's promise to only govern in a majority saw him resign. A swing of 12% against the Liberal Party saw them reduced to 16 seats with Labor gaining 14 and the Greens 4, with Bruce Goodluck as an Independent.

March

 * 2 March – A federal election is held. The Liberal/National coalition defeats the Labor government of Paul Keating with a landslide two-party preferred vote of 53.9% and a 45-seat majority, one of the biggest wins since World War II.
 * 4 March – Prime Minister John Howard outlines his reform agenda, declaring he has been given an emphatic and unambiguous mandate for the partial sale of Telstra and industrial relations changes.
 * 8 March – Prime Minister John Howard announces cuts to the ministry (from 31 to 28) and dismisses six departmental heads.
 * 11 March –
 * John Howard is sworn in as Australia's 25th Prime Minister. Howard also restores the Queen to the oath of allegiance and the Australian flag to his official car.
 * 12 March – Federal Treasurer Peter Costello declares that the "days of sloth and waste are over" and pledges to cut $8 billion from the budget over the next two years.
 * 15 March –
 * Malaysian Prime Minister Dr. Mahathir Mohamad agrees to visit Australia for the first time in a decade.
 * Unable to head a minority Government, Tasmanian Premier Ray Groom resigns the Liberal leadership.
 * 18 March –
 * Prime Minister John Howard announces that he will move his family into Kirribilli House in Sydney, becoming the first Prime Minister since Sir William McMahon not to live at The Lodge.
 * A paedophile inquiry, forming part of the Wood Royal Commission into police corruption, begins in New South Wales.
 * Tasmanian Treasurer Tony Rundle beats Roger Groom and Michael Hodgman to become Tasmanian Liberal Leader and Premier, with Sue Knowles as deputy.
 * 27 March – Indonesian President Suharto invites John Howard to visit Jakarta.
 * 29 March – Prime Minister John Howard and Foreign Minister Alexander Downer meet Malaysian Prime Minister Dr.Mahathir Mohamad, who stops briefly in Brisbane on his way to New Zealand.
 * 30 March – A state election is held in Victoria The Liberal/National coalition government of Jeff Kennett is re-elected for a second term with a massive 59 to 29 majority over Labor, but suffers a 2.8% swing and loses 2 seats. With 45% of the vote in the Legislative Council, Labor is reduced to 10 of the 44 seats.

April

 * 4 April – The Wiggles' sixth album, Wake up Jeff is released.
 * 8 April – Nine people die in a fire at a home for the intellectually disabled in Melbourne, Victoria.
 * 28 April – Port Arthur massacre: Martin Bryant kills 35 people and injures 21 in a shooting spree at the Port Arthur historic site in Tasmania. Bryant is captured the next day after an 18½ hour standoff with the Special Operations Group of the Tasmania Police. Federal Attorney-General Daryl Williams says he will press for changes to gun laws.
 * 29 April – Prime Minister John Howard orders an emergency meeting of state police ministers to toughen gun laws and draw up a national plan for firearm registration. The Port Arthur massacre crystallises resolve for a national approach to the issue.
 * 30 April – Prime Minister John Howard imposes a new code of ministerial conduct on his first day in Parliament, forbidding ministers from engaging in any other work, from holding directorships in public companies and from holding shares in companies in the area of their portfolios.

May

 * 3 May – Queensland Premier Rob Borbidge prepares to dump his election pledge of no new taxes and charges, while Queensland Opposition Leader Peter Beattie signals a move by Labor away from economic rationalism towards service delivery.
 * 10 May – Prime Minister John Howard announces new gun control measures, which involve the banning of automatic and semi-automatic weapons, self-loading rifles, shotguns and pump-action shotguns, as well as tightening of other gun laws. A nationwide register will be established, along with requirements for a genuine reason for owning, possessing or using a firearm, minimum standards for storage and mail order sales controls.
 * 15–16 May – Debate takes place in the Tasmanian Parliament on Green-sponsored gay reform legislation. The watered down bill is passed, but then rejected by the Legislative Council 8:6.
 * 24 May – Prime Minister John Howard indicates that he may have to drop some of his election promises because of budget constraints.
 * May – Floods in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales kill five people and cause more than A$55 million in farm losses.
 * 25 May – Former federal member for Page, Harry Woods, wins the 1996 Clarence state by-election from the National Party with a 14% swing, thus giving the New South Wales Government a more comfortable 3-seat majority.

June

 * 11 June – Peter Ryan replaces Tony Lauer as New South Wales Police Commissioner.
 * 12 June – Two Blackhawk Helicopters collide near Townsville, killing 18 people.
 * 16 June – Prime Minister John Howard wears a bullet-proof vest as he confronts an angry crowd of 3,000 in Sale on a tour of rural Australia to listen to the pro-gun lobby, stating that "If I am wrong and you are right then the democratic processes of Australia will vindicate you and condemn me".
 * 26 June – Prime Minister John Howard rejects claims by Noel Pearson that he does not believe in the spirit of the Mabo decision, saying "I have always regarded the Mabo decision itself as being a justified, correct decision".

July

 * 1 July – The Northern Territory legalises voluntary euthanasia. The legislation would be later be repealed by a conscience vote in the federal parliament in 1997.
 * 3 July – Prime Minister John Howard slashes immigration by 10,000 places to 74,000 a year. citing high unemployment.
 * 7 July – The Governor-General, Sir William Deane, warns that unless there are drastic improvements for Aboriginal Australians, reconciliation is doomed until well into the next century.
 * 22 July – Foreign Minister Alexander Downer tells Asian governments that Australia will now fund some development aid projects which were to be axed with the closure of the Development Import Finance Facility (DIFF).
 * 26 July –
 * Road worker Ivan Milat is found guilty of the murder of seven backpackers between December 1989 and April 1992 in the Belango State Forest, south-west of Sydney. Justice David Hunt hands down a sentence of seven life terms, meaning that Milat will spend the rest of his life in prison.
 * Prime Minister John Howard bolsters United States links by upgrading and expanding Pine Gap and increasing joint military exercises.
 * 27 July – HMAS Collins; the first of the Collins Class Submarine, is officially commissioned into service by the Royal Australian Navy.
 * 28 July – Janette Howard, wife of John Howard is admitted to hospital to be operated on for a serious medical condition. Howard cancels his first overseas trip to Indonesia and Japan as a result.

August

 * 6 August – The Australian Bureau of Statistics conducts the 1996 National Census.
 * 9 August – Federal Education Minister Amanda Vanstone cuts $1.8 billion from higher education funding, as well as a lowering of the HECS repayment threshold from $28,495 to $20,701 and HECS increases of between 35 and 125%.
 * 13 August – The Federal Government announces a $400 million cut to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC).
 * 14 August – Federal Treasurer Peter Costello releases the Statement on the Conduct of Monetary Policy giving the Reserve Bank of Australia independence, thereby ending the need for it to consult with the Government before making interest rate changes.
 * 15 August – The Tasmanian Budget is handed down with big job losses predicted.
 * 19 August – Thousands of protesters, in a breakaway group from a pre-budget rally against the Federal Government's workplace reforms, broke down the doors of Parliament House and caused an estimated $200,000 worth of damage in one of the most violent demonstrations ever seen in Australia.
 * 20 August –
 * Federal Treasurer Peter Costello hands the Government's first budget, which provides relief for families and small business, with cuts to unemployment programmes, the ages, universities, the ABC, the Australia Council, ATSIC and foreign aid.
 * Senator Mal Colston defects from the Labor Party to become and Independent.
 * 28 August – As Australian governor-general, William Deane issued a proclamation that officially established 3 September as Australian National Flag Day.

September

 * 1 September – Senator Richard Alston calls for the full sale of Telstra, drawing a rebuke from Prime Minister John Howard the following day.
 * 6 September – The Wiggles' Wiggly Wiggly Christmas album is released.
 * 10 September – Independent Federal MP Pauline Hanson makes her maiden speech to Parliament, reigniting the race debate, attacking Asian immigration, calling for a tougher line on Aboriginal welfare, as well as the reintroduction of compulsory national service.
 * 16 September – Prime Minister John Howard meets President Suharto in Jakarta and tells him Australia does not need to choose between "our history and our geography". "Neither do I see Australia as a bridge between Asia and the West, as is sometimes suggested," he says. "Rather I believe that our geography and our history are elements in an integrated relationship with our region and the wider world".
 * 22 September –
 * Australia's first legal euthanasia takes place in Darwin, Australia when 66-year-old Bob Dent elects to submit to the lethal injection.
 * Prime Minister John Howard states that he welcomes "the fact that people can now talk about certain things without living in fear of being branded a bigot or as a racist" which some felt indicated a veiled acceptance of Pauline Hanson's maiden speech. Hanson declares him "the leader she is prepared to have" the following day.
 * 24 September – British Holocaust denier David Irving says he will lodge a new visa application "because these remarks made by the Australian Prime Minister show a new climate of freedom of speech now applying in Australia".
 * 25 September – John Howard rejects Pauline Hanson's views on Asian immigration and multi-culturalism but defends her right to express them. He supports reductions in the immigration programme, saying: "there is a link between the high level of unemployment among certain groups in Australia and some past immigration levels in the composition of our programme in the past".
 * 26 September – The Dalai Lama meets Prime Minister John Howard in Canberra, Australia during his week-long visit to Australia.

October

 * 1 October – Prime Minister John Howard abandons his election promises for a full public inquiry into cross-media ownership in favour of a low-key, internal review.
 * 7 October –
 * Australian Professor Peter C. Doherty wins the Nobel Prize for Medicine jointly with Professor Rolf M. Zinkernagel of Switzerland for showing an important way in which the body targets germs. The research revolutionised the study of immunology and laid the groundwork for designing improved vaccines and researching new therapies against cancer, multiple sclerosis and diabetes.
 * Angry at the direction taken by the Criminal Justice Commission (CJC) investigations, the Queensland Government launches its own inquiry into the CJC, headed by retired judges, Kevin Ryan and Peter Connolly.
 * 8 October – Prime Minister John Howard vows always to denounce intolerance and defend the non-discriminatory nature of Australia's immigration policy but questions the value of an inquiry into the stolen generation, saying additional funds would be better spent on improving Aboriginal health, education, housing and employment opportunities.
 * 10 October – Paul Streeton douses school boy Tjandamurra O'Shane in petrol and sets him alight, causing burns to 70% of Tjandamurra's body. The case attracts national attention.
 * 13 October – Assistant Federal Treasurer, Jim Short, resigns after controversy about his ANZ shareholding.
 * 15 October – Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasurer, Brian Gibson, resigns over a share-trading technicality.
 * 19 October – Liberal Jackie Kelly retains the seat of Lindsay in the 1996 Lindsay by-election with a primary swing of more than 6 per cent after Labor forces an election re-run on a technicality.
 * 25 October – Queensland Premier Rob Borbidge attacks National Party branches which supported Federal MP Pauline Hanson in her anti-immigration policies, warning of the threat to Chinese investment in Queensland projects.
 * 27 October – Democrats Leader Cheryl Kernot agrees to support the passage of industrial relations legislation after 171 changes.
 * 29 October – Kenneth Carruthers resigns from the Carruthers inquiry on the grounds that its independence was compromised by the Queensland Government. Replacement lawyers then complete the inquiry.
 * 30 October – A joint motion opposing racism and re-affirming a non-discriminatory immigration policy attempts to dispel fears voiced in Asia. Prime Minister John Howard describes the motion as "an embodiment of certain attitudes and values that both sides of the House in the national Parliament have in common".

November

 * 4 November – Retired Supreme Court judge David Yeldham commits suicide after being named in the New South Wales Parliament on 31 October by Franca Arena as having received preferential treatment in connection with paedophilia investigations by the New South Wales Police Royal Commission.
 * 7 November – Martin Bryant pleads guilty to the massacre of 35 people in a shooting rampage at the Port Arthur historic site in Tasmania in April.
 * 11 November – Victorian Cabinet decided to cede its industrial relations power to the Commonwealth following a Democrat move to amend federal law to override Victoria's unfair dismissal laws. Some 400,000 Victorian workers had left the state system for the protection of the federal awards since Jeff Kennett came to power.
 * 14 November – Rock star Michael Jackson, aged 38, marries Debbie Rowe, aged 37, at Sydney's Sheraton on the Park Hotel.
 * 17 November – Perth teenager David Dicks becomes the youngest person to sail non-stop solo around the world as he arrives back in Fremantle Harbour, having left in February.
 * 19 November –
 * The President of the United States Bill Clinton begins a five-day visit to Australia in which he addresses both Houses of Parliament, only the third head of state to do so. Clinton says Australia could be a "shining example" of how people could come together as one nation and a "beacon of hope".
 * Parliament passes the Federal Government's first major economic reform: the Workplace Relations Bill. Industrial Relations Minister Peter Reith agrees to amendments from the Australian Democrats, including a non-disadvantage test ensuring that employees could not be worse off if they signed a non-union individual contract. Reith says the next step is "better practices in key industries like the waterfront, construction and meat processing".
 * 22 November – Martin Bryant is sentenced to 35 consecutive sentences of life imprisonment plus 1,035 years without parole for the Port Arthur massacre.
 * 27 November – Dean Brown is ousted in a party-room ballot as Premier of South Australia by John Olsen.

December

 * 4 December – Alan Bond pleads guilty to dishonesty offences during the $1 billion takeover of Bell Resources, which is believed to be Australia's biggest corporate fraud.
 * 5 December – Independents Brian Harradine and Mal Colston vote to push the Telstra Bill through to the second reading in the Senate, allowing for the part-privatisation of Telstra by the Federal Government, in exchange for an additional $250 million from the sale being spent to ensure regional and rural areas have greater access to telecommunications services. The legislation is expected to pass the Senate the next year and be proclaimed on 1 May.
 * 6 December – Minister for Aboriginal Affairs Senator John Herron appoints entrepreneurial Aboriginal businessman Gatjil Djerrkura as the head of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission.
 * 14 December – A state election is held in Western Australia. The Liberal/National coalition government of Richard Court is re-elected.
 * 18 December – The Carruthers Inquiry recommends that disciplinary action be taken against 8 police officers, including the union president and executive officer.
 * 23 December – In a 4–3 majority verdict, the High Court of Australia holds that the native title of the Wik and Thayorre peoples of Cape York has survived the granting of pastoral leases by the Queensland Government and did not necessarily extinguish native title. However, although pastoral leaseholders do not have exclusive possession of grazing land, if the two uses were in conflict, pastoral uses would prevail.
 * 27 December – Lone French yachtsman Raphael Dinelli is rescued in treacherous conditions 2,200 kilometres south of the Western Australian coast after his sloop Algimouss was dismasted and its rigging swept overboard on Christmas night.

Arts and literature

 * Wendy Sharpe wins the Archibald Prize with Self Portrait – as Diana of Erskineville
 * William Robinson wins the Wynne Prize with Creation Landscape Earth and Sea
 * National Biography Award established, first winner, Abraham Biderman for The world of my past
 * Highways to a War by Christopher Koch wins the Miles Franklin Award

Film

 * Shine

Television

 * Australian television celebrates its 40th birthday with celebrations lasting throughout the year. The actual birthday was on 16 September.
 * January – Jessica Rowe joins Ten News in Sydney to co-anchor with Ron Wilson for the next nine years.
 * April – John Burgess is shelved from the Seven Network after being long-time host of Wheel of Fortune. The show begins to repeat the 1988 episodes.
 * July – Wheel of Fortune returns and starts in mid-1996 with the relocation from Adelaide to Sydney, with new host Tony Barber.
 * August – After a court battle, the first series of Friends screens on the Seven Network, almost two years after it premiered in the United States. Subsequent series is picked up by the Nine Network.

AFL

 * 18 May – The Fitzroy Lions (16.11.107) defeat the Fremantle Dockers (10.16.76) at the Whitten Oval in what would be Fitzroy's final ever victory as a stand-alone club.
 * 8 June – About 2/3 of the way into the 3rd quarter of the match between Essendon & the St Kilda Saints at Waverley Park, the ground lighting fails. The remainder of the game is played the following Tuesday, Essendon won, 13.11.89 to 9.13.67.
 * 4 July – The AFL teams endorse a merger between the Fitzroy Lions & the Brisbane Bears.
 * 17 August – Fitzroy & Brisbane play each other for the last time before merging. At Optus Oval, Brisbane win 29.13.187 to 14.16.100.
 * 25 August – Fitzroy play their last game in Melbourne, against the Richmond Tigers at the MCG. Richmond win, 28.19.187 to 5.6.36. Despite losing by 151 points, the Fitzroy song is played after the game and their fans flood the field.
 * 1 September – Fitzroy play their last ever game of Australian rules football as a stand-alone entity. Against Fremantle at Subiaco Oval, Fremantle win, 24.13.157 to 10.11.71.
 * 21 September – Tony Lockett kicks a memorable behind to ensure the Swans (10.10.70) defeat the Essendon Bombers (10.9.69) & thus qualify for Sydney's first grand final appearance since 1945.
 * 28 September – The North Melbourne Kangaroos (19.17.131) defeat the Sydney Swans (13.10.88) to win the 100th VFL/AFL premiership. It is the Kangaroos' third premiership and they are presented with the only gold premiership cup to mark the centenary season.

Cricket

 * 17 March – Sri Lanka win the Cricket World Cup, defeating Australia in the final.

Rugby league

 * 23 February – Super League's challenge to club loyalty contracts signed with the ARL is ruled out of order & orders banning Super League until 2000 are made.
 * 22 March – Clubs aligned with the Super League forfeit opening round of matches in the ARL competition.
 * 29 September – Minor premiers the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles defeat the St. George Dragons 20–8 to win the 89th NSWRL/ARL premiership. The South Queensland Crushers finish in last position, claiming the wooden spoon.
 * 4 October – The full bench of the Federal Court overturn the earlier decision to ban Super League, meaning the competition can start in 1997.

Soccer

 * 26 May – Melbourne Knights win the National Soccer League competition for the second season in a row, defeating minor premiers Marconi Fairfield 2–1 in the Final at Olympic Park.

Motorsport

 * 10 March – The first Australian Grand Prix to be held at the Albert Park grand prix circuit takes place. Damon Hill, of the Williams team wins.

Track and field

 * 7 March – First day of the Australian Track & Field Championships for the 1995–1996 season, which are held at the Sydney Athletic Field in Sydney. The 10,000-metre championship was conducted at the Zatopek Meet in Melbourne, Victoria on 14 December 1995.
 * 21 July – Magnus Michelsson wins the men's national marathon title, clocking 2:20:20 in Brisbane, while Sylvia Rose claims the women's title in 2:40:17.

Horse racing

 * 5 November – Saintly wins the Melbourne Cup giving Bart Cummings his 10th win as a trainer.

Sailing

 * 29 December – The 80-foot maxi Morning Glory breaks the race record in winning this year's Sydney to Hobart yacht race in 2 days 14 hours 7 minutes 10 seconds.

Births

 * 3 January – Bradley Mousley, tennis player
 * 4 January – Jackson Hastings, rugby league player
 * 6 January – Courtney Eaton, actress and model
 * 10 January – Dylan Edwards, rugby league player
 * 12 January
 * Aaron Calver, footballer
 * Katherine Downie, Paralympic swimmer
 * 19 January – James Golding, racing driver
 * 25 January – Brandon Walters, actor
 * 4 February – Tevita Pangai Junior, rugby league player
 * 10 February – Christina Parie, singer-songwriter
 * 29 February – Mitchell Kilduff, Paralympic swimmer
 * 8 March – Matthew Hammelmann, Australian rules footballer
 * 19 March – Kaiya Jones, Scottish-born actress
 * 25 March – Dougal Howard, Australian rules footballer
 * 10 April – Thanasi Kokkinakis, tennis player
 * 17 April – Caitlin Parker, boxer
 * 24 April – Ashleigh Barty, tennis player
 * 25 April – Mack Horton, Olympic swimmer
 * 29 April – Katherine Langford, actress
 * 30 April – Jaidyn Leskie (died 1997), murder victim
 * 1 May
 * Daniel Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
 * Jacob Saifiti, Australian-Fijian rugby league player
 * 5 May – Isaac Heeney, footballer
 * 18 May – Teeboy Kamara, Liberia-born football soccer player
 * 27 May – Minjee Lee, golfer
 * 31 May – Connor Watson, rugby league player
 * 6 June – Jack Hetherington, rugby league player
 * 9 June – Chantelle Kerry, actress, singer, figure skater and ice dancer
 * 13 June – Kodi Smit-McPhee, actor
 * 25 June – Tyrone May, rugby league player
 * 5 July – Ajdin Hrustic, footballer
 * 8 July – Braidon Burns, rugby league player
 * 16 July – Luke Hemmings, singer and guitarist
 * 20 July – Ben Simmons, basketball player
 * 25 July – Kristy Pond, sprinter
 * 4 August – Kaide Ellis, rugby league player
 * 10 August – Evan Evagora, actor
 * 17 September – Justin Holborow, actor
 * 20 September – Jhye Richardson, cricketer
 * 11 October – Rhea Ripley, pro wrestler
 * 22 October – Harley Windsor, pair skater
 * 12 November – Amanda Reid, Paralympic swimmer and cyclist
 * 12 December – Lachlan Croker, rugby league player
 * 18 December – Jayo Archer, motocross rider (d. 2024)
 * 22 December – Phoebe Bell, beach and indoor volleyball player

Deaths

 * 8 January – John Hargreaves, 50, actor
 * 27 February – Laurie Connell, 49, Western Australian businessman
 * 28 March – Peter Dombrovskis, 51, photographer
 * 7 April – Colleen Clifford, 97, matriarch of Australian theatre
 * 8 April – Mick Young, 59, politician
 * 23 June – Ray Lindwall, 74, cricketer
 * 17 July – Alan McGilvray, 85, cricket commentator
 * 20 August – Beverley Whitfield, 42, swimmer
 * 28 August – Lennie McPherson, 75, Mr "Big" of modern Australian crime
 * 30 August – Dunc Gray, 90, cyclist
 * 4 December – Syd Heylen, 74, comedian and actor

title: 1996 in Australia


text: User talk:24.13.84.218

title: User talk:24.13.84.218


text:
Talk:Saharanpur division

Historical
I have expanded this section, taking matter from the present 'Historicals' in Saharanpur city and Muzaffarnagar articles. I propose to abbreviate Saharanpur's historical and refer the reader there to this expanded version. I had put this proposal in the discussion page of Saharanpur quite some time ago and no suggestions/objections have been sent by the Wikipedians. I guess I can proceed atfer a few more weeks.Wiki dr mahmad (talk) 23:06, 20 June 2009 (UTC)

 * I have removed your compilation. It was mostly unsourced copy/paste of other articles, read like an essay and in many cases seemed not even to relate to the division. - Sitush (talk) 14:45, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Saharanpur division


text: Talk:Bareilly division

title: Talk:Bareilly division


text:
User talk:193.122.208.211

Interference
Hello, thanks for your message on my talk page. I have created a proper Interference (communication) page and fixed the link. Happy editing. --Edcolins 11:03, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:193.122.208.211


text:
Cristero Museum

The Cristero Museum (Museo Cristero) was the only museum in Mexico dedicated to the country's religious conflicts, which lasted from 1767 until the Cristero War from 1923 until the 1940s. It waslocated in the city of Aguascalientes, in central Mexico. The museum was opened to the public on 20 March 2003. It was composed of five exhibition rooms with seven themes, through which the background of the conflicts between State power and Church power in Mexico was explained, up to the last impact of the Cristero War. The museum also housed the Captain Efrén Quesada Ibarra Historical Archive, a space dedicated to students and researchers, which housed the largest collection of printed documents and audiovisuals in the country. It has been closed since around 2005 but the collection is said to still exist.

title: Cristero Museum


text: User talk:212.219.66.215

title: User talk:212.219.66.215


text:
Mary Anderson (inventor)

<!-- |The following block of text by User:Icagiannos seems to be added to the wrong place (the top of the lead) and should be merged into appropriate sections Early Life Mary Anderson (Female) was born on Burton Hill Plantation in Greene Country, Alabama on February 19th, 1866. Her father John C. died when she was four years old. Her mother, Rebecca Anderson, and her sister, Fannie, continued to live on his estate and later moved to Birmingham to build the Fairmont Apartment building. She moved out at 27 years old to work on a vineyard in Fresno, California. She then went back to Birmingham in 1900 to help take care of her aunt. Her aunt had brought several trunks that were secretive back to their apartment and so after she died, the trunks were opened and revealed.There was a collection of jewelry and gold, which allowed for her family to become rich and financially comfortable. Invention \ ca\ 1 “Anderson, Mary.” Encyclopedia of Alabama, 7 July 2023, encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/mary-anderson/. 3 the car, so that it could be pushed in order to move the wipers, and remove drops of rain off the windshield.2 Anderson’s device was the first device that actually worked for this problem. In addition, when she invented this, cars were not very popular and many people laughed at her for this idea. Others thought that the wipers moving across the windshield would distract drivers, however, 10 years later tons of people had their own cars with windshield wipers. Thus, she created a very important invention and should be more widely recognized for her hard work and creative mind. 3 Legacy and Invention Overtime The innovation of windshield wipers also has had a huge impact on society up until present day. People still use windshield wipers to save them from not seeing while they're driving through rain or snow storms. Today, all cars have windshield wipers and they are a vital part of a car. Windshield wipers have continued to develop and improve over time but all cars still have them. Furthermore, windshield wipers are now used on cars all around the world and will continue to be used for a while. 4 People will be driving cars for a very long time and as long as people are driving, windshield wipers will be used. 537 words 4 “2. Social Factors.” Brittany Tse, blogs.oregonstate.edu/brittanytse/mary-andersons-invention-windshield-wipers/2-social-factors/. Accessed 10 Aug. 2023. 3 “Mary Anderson.” Lemelson, lemelson.mit.edu/resources/mary-anderson. Accessed 10 Aug. 2023. 2 Steve BrachmannSteve Brachmann is a graduate of the University at Buffalo School of Law. “The Evolution of Wind Shield Wipers - a Patent History - Ipwatchdog.Com: Patents & Intellectual Property Law.” IPWatchdog.Com | Patents & Intellectual Property Law, 16 Dec. 2017, ipwatchdog.com/2014/11/09/the-evolution-of-wind-shield-wipers-a-patent-history/id=52085/. 4 References “Anderson, Mary.” Encyclopedia of Alabama, 7 July 2023, encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/mary-anderson/. “Mary Anderson.” Lemelson, lemelson.mit.edu/resources/mary-anderson. Accessed 10 Aug. 2023. “2. Social Factors.” Brittany Tse, blogs.oregonstate.edu/brittanytse/mary-andersons-invention-windshield-wipers/2-social-f actors/. Accessed 10 Aug. 2023. Steve BrachmannSteve Brachmann is a graduate of the University at Buffalo School of Law. “The Evolution of Wind Shield Wipers - a Patent History - Ipwatchdog.Com: Patents & Intellectual Property Law.” IPWatchdog.Com | Patents & Intellectual Property Law, 16 Dec. 2017, ipwatchdog.com/2014/11/09/the-evolution-of-wind-shield-wipers-a-patent-history/id=52 085/. Mary Anderson was born on February 19, 1866 in Greene County, Alabama. Along with her widowed mother and sister, she moved to Birmingham, Alabama, in 1889. It was here that she became a real estate developer soon after, building the Fairmont Apartment Building. For a brief period after Anderson and her family established themselves in Birmingham, she left home in 1893 at age 27 to run a cattle ranch and vineyard in Fresno, California, but returned to Birmingham in 1900. Upon a visit to New York City in the early 1900s, she was traveling by streetcar during a snowy storm, and noticed that the trip was taking much longer than normal because the driver had to keep stopping to clean the windows with his hands. Sitting in the streetcar, Anderson thought to herself, is there a better way to clean the windshield and speed up travel through inclement weather conditions?

When she went back home to Birmingham, she created her plans for a device consisting of a “lever inside the vehicle that controlled a spring-loaded arm with a rubber blade”. The arm would function as a lever that was easily controllable from inside the car by the driver. Anderson also added an additional seasonable feature to her design, making it so that the device could be removed from the car when the winter was over and they were no longer needed. She filed for a patent on June 18, 1903, which was then awarded to her on November 10, 1903, and was awarded patent number 743,801 for her swinging lever windshield cleaner device. Although her device was functionally successful, and showed great promise, Anderson was denied by several different manufacturers and other production companies, as they were not able to see the value in the product.

Mary Anderson’s story as an innovator ended after she earned her patent. The patent expired in 1920, and since no one wanted to manufacture the device, she never made any money off of her invention. At that time, cars were not very popular yet, which is why manufacturers did not think they would profit off of the device. The first cars designed with windshield wipers built into the standard models were Cadillac vehicles, built in 1922. This was just two years after Mary Anderson’s original windshield wiper patent expired in 1920.

After her innovation was rejected by manufacturers, Mary Anderson went on to continue managing her family’s apartment building in Birmingham, the Fairmont Building. Much like many other talented women in the early 20th century, Anderson’s idea was passed over and not recognized for the success that it could have been. She had entered a market that was dominated by men, and although her device’s lack of success was not entirely due to this, it certainly made the process much more difficult for her. This is why it is even more impressive that she was able to create something so original and functional, and be awarded a patent for a design that was entirely her own. Her invention was ahead of its time, and although her patent expired before she could profit off of her design, it is extremely important to remember Mary Anderson and her contribution to our world today. -->

Mary Elizabeth Anderson (February 19, 1866 – June 27, 1953) was an American real estate developer, rancher, viticulturist, and most notably the inventor of what became known as the windshield wiper. On November 10, 1903 Anderson was granted her first patent for an automatic car window cleaning device controlled from inside the car, called the windshield wiper. Her patent didn't get far as she got no manufacturing firms to agree to make her invention.

Early life
Mary Anderson was born in Burton Hill Plantation, Greene County, Alabama, at the start of Reconstruction in 1866. Her parents were John C. and Rebecca Anderson. Anderson was one of at least two daughters. The other daughter was Fannie, who remained close to Anderson all her life. Their father died in 1870, and the young family was able to live on the proceeds of John’s estate. In 1889 she moved with her widowed mother and sister to the booming town of Birmingham, Alabama. Anderson’s education is unknown. She never married nor had any children.

In Birmingham, Anderson became a real estate developer soon after settling and built the Fairmont Apartments on Highland Avenue. In 1893, Anderson left Birmingham to operate a cattle ranch and vineyard in Fresno, California. In 1898, she returned to Birmingham to help care for an ailing aunt. Anderson and her aunt moved into the Fairmont Apartments with Anderson’s mother, her sister Fannie, and Fannie’s husband G. P. Thornton. Anderson’s ailing aunt brought a trunk with her that contained a collection of gold and jewelry. From that time forward, Anderson’s family lived comfortably.

Her Invention (windshield wipers)
In 1902, she visited to New York City in the winter. Anderson sat in a trolley car on a frosty day. Anderson observed that the trolley car driver struggled to see past the windows because of the falling sleet. The trolley car’s front window was designed for bad-weather visibility, but its multi-pane windshield system worked very poorly. Therefore, to clear the sights, the driver needed to open the window, lean out of the vehicle, or stop the car to go outside in order to wipe the windscreen with his or her hands. Anderson, who was not an engineer but an entrepreneur, identified the problem and its opportunity. She envisioned a windshield wiper blade that the trolley driver could operate from the inside. At that time, it rarely occurred to anyone else to eliminate the problem. It was something drivers simply accepted and dealt with.

When she returned to Alabama, she drew up a sketch for a wiper blade that could be operated from inside a vehicle and wrote up the description. She also hired a designer for a hand-operated device to keep a windshield clear and had a local company produce a working model. Her device consisted of a lever inside the vehicle that controlled a rubber blade on the outside of the windshield. The lever could be operated to cause the spring-loaded arm to move back and forth across the windshield. A counterweight was used to ensure contact between the wiper and the window. The device could be easily removed if desired after the winter was over. Similar devices had been made earlier, but Anderson's was the first windshield clearing device to be effective. Anderson’s simple mechanism and basic design have remained much the same, but unlike today’s windscreen wipers, Anderson’s could be removed when not needed.

She then applied for, and in 1903 was granted, a 17-year patent for a windshield wiper. The patent application was filed on June 18, 1903. On November 10, 1903, the United States Patent Office awarded Anderson patent number 743,801 for her Window Cleaning device.

In 1903 when Anderson applied for the patent, cars were not very popular. Henry Ford’s Model A automobile had not been manufactured yet. Therefore, when Anderson tried to sell the rights to her invention through a noted Canadian firm of Dinning and Eckenstein in 1905, they rejected her application. They argued, "we do not consider it to be of such commercial value as would warrant our undertaking its sale." Furthermore, many could not see the value of her invention and stressed the risk that the driver would be distracted by operating the device and the moving wipers.

By 1913, the automobile manufacturing business had grown exponentially and windshield wipers were standard equipment. In 1922, Cadillac became the first car manufacturer to adopt them as standard equipment. However, Anderson never profited from her invention or was given an recognition. Giving up on partnering with companies to manufacture her invention, the patent expiring in 1920. According to the National Inventors Hall of Fame, her invention was simply ahead of its time, and other companies and entrepreneurs were able to profit off her original ideas.

In 1917, Charlotte Bridgewood patented the “electric storm windshield cleaner,” the first automatic wiper system that used rollers instead of blades. Like Anderson, Bridgewood never made any money from her invention. Sara-Scott Wingo, rector of Emmanuel Episcopal Church in Richmond, Va., and Anderson’s great-great niece suspect Anderson’s invention never went anywhere because Anderson was an independent woman. Wingo said in an interview with NPR News, “She didn't have a father. She didn't have a husband. And the world was kind of run by men back then.”

Later life
By the 1920s, Anderson’s brother-in-law had died, and Anderson was again living in the Fairmont Apartments in Birmingham with her sister Fannie and her mother. She continued to manage the Fairmont Apartments until her death at the age of 87. At the time of her death, she was the oldest member of South Highland Presbyterian Church. She died at her summer home in Monteagle, Tennessee. Her funeral was conducted by Dr. Frank A. Mathes at South Highland and she was buried at Elmwood Cemetery.

Legacy
In 2011 Anderson was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame. With minimal mention or recognition until 2011, thankfully Anderson’s sketch provides a glimpse of her entrepreneurial spirit and ambition. Rini Paiva, executive vice president at the National Inventors Hall of Fame said, "She was persistent, she was forward-thinking, and she had the drive to follow up on an idea."

title: Mary Anderson (inventor)


text:
David Price (footballer, born 1955)

David James Price (born 23 June 1955) is an English former footballer who played as a midfielder. Price played in the Football League for Arsenal, Peterborough United, Crystal Palace and Leyton Orient.

Career
Born in Caterham, Surrey, Price was snapped up by Arsenal in 1970, as a prodigious young midfielder who captained England schoolboys. Whilst at the Gunners's Academy he went on to win the FA Youth Cup of 1971. Price made his debut for Arsenal at the age of 17 on 9 May 1973 in a First Division match against Leeds United. However, he played mostly with the reserves for the next few years.

After a loan spell at Peterborough United, Price broke into the Arsenal first team in 1977–78, playing 51 matches that season. This was noteworthy as he had previously made only 13 appearances for the club. His regular spell in the Arsenal side coincided with the Gunners' FA Cup runs of the late 1970s, where they consecutively got to the 1978 to 1980 finals of the cup. Price thus played three times at Wembley with Arsenal winning the 1979 FA Cup in a 3–2 win against Manchester United. Price got an assist in the game as he set up Brian Talbot for the opening goal. Price also played in Arsenal's 1980 Cup Winners' Cup defeat at the hands of Valencia, on penalties.

Price lost his place to the veteran John Hollins at the start of the 1980–81 season. Subsequently, he was sold to Crystal Palace in March 1981, in a part-exchange deal which saw Peter Nicholas move the other way. In all he played 176 games for Arsenal, scoring 19 goals.

Price's spell at Crystal Palace was not a successful one, as he was hampered by injuries and made only 27 League appearances in two seasons. After he had a brief spell at Leyton Orient, he ended his playing days due to injury, at the age of 28.

He later became a taxi driver in Croydon.

Honours

 * Arsenal
 * FA Youth Cup: 1971
 * FA Cup: 1979

title: David Price (footballer, born 1955)


text:
User talk:Yes.said

Hi. Welcome to wikipedia. Very familiar with your website; don't much care for it as it contains numerous copyright infringements, but that's neither here nor there. Please do not upload images to Wikipedia that are copyrighted. Sony Music (and also the photographer of origin) has not licensed the photograph you uploaded to Tori Amos for public uss under GFDL guidelines. Though it is a promotional photo meant to be redistributed, photos used on Wikipedia must also be elgible for manipulation and editing. In other words, a photo here must be legally able to have a moustache and devil horns drawn on it and reprinted elsewhere (to use an extreme example.) We welcome your future contributions but please FULLY aquaint yourself with Wikipolicy before making future edits. Pacian 11:08, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Poster_450.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Poster_450.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. -- Carnildo 01:16, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Yes.said


text:
Leadman

A leadman is a set decoration department member who is responsible for the props and swing gang and/or set dressers on a film set. The swing gang does the set dressing and then removal once the film has wrapped. Set dressers keep the set in the proper condition by placing and moving elements and props as needed for the story, continuity, and to make room for the filming equipment. The leadman takes directions from the set decorator.

title: Leadman


text:
Placodontia

Placodonts ("tablet teeth") are an extinct order of marine reptiles that lived during the Triassic period, becoming extinct at the end of the period. They were part of Sauropterygia, the group that includes plesiosaurs. Placodonts were generally between 1 and 2 m in length, with some of the largest measuring 3 m long.

The first specimen was discovered in 1830. They have been found throughout central Europe, North Africa, the Middle East and China.

Palaeobiology
The earliest forms, like Placodus, which lived in the early to middle Triassic, resembled barrel-bodied lizards superficially similar to the marine iguana of today, but larger. In contrast to the marine iguana, which feeds on algae, the placodonts ate molluscs and so their teeth were flat and tough to crush shells. In the earliest periods, their size was probably enough to keep away the top sea predators of the time: the sharks. However, as time passed, other kinds of carnivorous reptiles began to colonize the seas, such as ichthyosaurs and nothosaurs, and later placodonts developed bony plates on their backs to protect their bodies while feeding. By the Late Triassic, these plates had grown so much that placodonts of the time, such as Henodus and Placochelys, resembled the sea turtles of the modern day more than their ancestors without bony plates. Other placodonts, like Psephoderma, developed plates as well, but in a different articulated manner that resembled the carapace of horseshoe crabs more than those of sea turtles. All these adaptations can be counted as perfect examples of convergent evolution, as placodonts were not related to any of these animals.

Because of their dense bone and heavy armour plating, these creatures would have been too heavy to float in the ocean and would have used a lot of energy to reach the water surface. For this reason, and because of the type of sediment found accompanying their fossils, it is suggested that they lived in shallow waters and not in deep oceans.

Their diet consisted of marine bivalves, brachiopods, and other invertebrates. They were notable for their large, flat, often protruding teeth, which they used to crush the molluscs and brachiopods that they hunted on the sea bed (another way in which they were similar to walruses). The palate teeth were adapted for this durophagous diet, being extremely thick and large enough to crush thick shell.

Henodus, however, differs from other placodonts in having developed unique baleen-like denticles, which alongside features of the hyoid and jaw musculature suggest that it was a filter feeder. Recent comparisons to Atopodentatus suggest that it was a herbivore as well, bearing a similar broad jaw shape, albeit it obtained plant matter through filter-feeding it from the substrates. The group was once believed to be restricted to the western Tethys, but the discovery of Sinocyamodus xinpuensis in China overturned this view.

Classification

 * Class Reptilia
 * Superorder Sauropterygia
 * Order Placodontia
 * Genus Atopodentatus?
 * Genus Pararcus
 * Superfamily Placodontoidea
 * Family Paraplacodontidae
 * Genus Paraplacodus
 * Family Placodontidae
 * Genus Placodus
 * Superfamily Cyamodontoidea
 * Genus Sinocyamodus
 * Genus Psephosauriscus
 * Genus Psephosaurus
 * Family Henodontidae
 * Genus Henodus
 * Genus Parahenodus
 * Family Cyamodontidae
 * Genus Cyamodus
 * Genus Protenodontosaurus
 * Family Placochelyidae
 * Genus Glyphoderma
 * Genus Placochelys
 * Genus Psephosauriscus
 * Genus Psephochelys
 * Genus Psephoderma

Additionally, the name Placodontiformes was erected for the clade that includes Palatodonta and Placodontia. Palatodonta, from the early Middle Triassic of the Netherlands, was a marine sauropterygian that was very similar to placodonts, but Palatodonta has teeth that are small and pointed instead of broad and flat.

The clade Helveticosauroidea was previously considered to be a basal superfamily of placodonts with the sole member Helveticosaurus. However, it is now thought that Helveticosaurus was not a placodont but possibly an unusual member of the Archosauromorpha.

Phylogeny
The cladogram below follows the result found by Rainer Schoch and Hans-Dieter Sues in 2015.

title: Placodontia


text:
Feliz Navidad (Menudo album)

Feliz Navidad (1982) is Menudo's 12th album, and third Christmas album. The album was originally released in late 1982 with ten tracks and reissued in late 1983 with fourteen tracks. Both versions of this album have two different covers, with the second cover featuring Ricky Meléndez, Johnny Lozada, Xavier Serbiá, Miguel Cancel, and Charlie Massó. Both are compilations containing songs from their past Christmas albums Felicdades and Es Navidad. This would eventually be the last album Xavier Serbiá and Miguel Cancel to be in, since Xavier would be replaced by Ray Reyes in Early 1983 during the first week in New York and then few months went by, Miguel decided to voluntarily to quit the group because he felt unhappy since his voice suddenly changed and wasn't able to do his song, and was replaced by Roy Rossello

1982 release

 * 1) La Gallina - Singer: René Farrait
 * 2) Traigo Una Parranda - Singer: Xavier Serbiá
 * 3) Las Nubes - Singer : Johnny Lozada
 * 4) Voy También - Singer: Johnny Lozada
 * 5) Chiji Navideño - Singer: All the group
 * 6) Mi Parranda - Singer: Óscar Meléndez
 * 7) El Tamborilero - Singer: Johnny Lozada
 * 8) Eso Es Lo Mío - Singer: Óscar Meléndez and René Farrait
 * 9) Las Navidades - Singer: Ricky Meléndez
 * 10) Año Nuevo Y Reyes - Singer: Johnny Lozada

1983 release

 * 1) La Gallina - Singer: René Farrait
 * 2) Traigo Una Parranda - Singer: Xavier Serbiá
 * 3) Noche De Paz - Singer: René Farrait
 * 4) Las Nubes - Singer : Johnny Lozada
 * 5) Las Navidades - Singer: Ricky Melendez
 * 6) Ensillando Mi Caballo - Singer: Carlos Meléndez and Fernando Sallaberry
 * 7) Chiji Navideño - Singer: All the group
 * 8) Mi Parranda - Singer: Óscar Meléndez
 * 9) El Tamborilero - Singer: Johnny Lozada
 * 10) Eso Es Lo Mío - Singer: Óscar Meléndez and René Farrait
 * 11) Ñaqui Quiñaqui - Singer: All the group
 * 12) Voy También - Singer: Johnny Lozada
 * 13) Año Nuevo Y Reyes - Singer: Johnny Lozada
 * 14) Plena Borinqueña - Singer: Fernando Sallaberry

title: Feliz Navidad (Menudo album)


text:
Talk:Robbed-bit signaling

From the article: "Although only one bit out of 48 is robbed, there is no way to know which frames will be robbed by the various T1 connections in a phone conversation, so the signal to noise ratio will be somewhere between 31 and 37 dB." I thought that bit-robbing stamped on the LSB of every 6th sample in every DS0 channel carried in the T1 (I think that's correct; I'm not a telephone engineer, can anyone check this?), so it should be possible to calculate the SNR exactly from this. -- The Anome 11:10, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Comment on Above
The robbed bit is indeed every 6th sample. However, that 6th sample is not aligned with the other "6th sample" from other T-1s arriving at a central office. For switching the T-1s arriving at a central office, all the timeslots must be aligned, that is, all the incoming T-1s are buffered so that all the TS1 arrive together. However, this does not insure that all the 6th samples are aligned. As a result, in the outgoing digital stream, the new signaling bits will rob the 6th sample of whatever is defined as 6th outgoing, which is not necessary the same as the incoming 6th.

In the beginning of T-1 system design in 1958, the objective was to be good enough as an "exchange carrier", that is, voice transmission within a city. This required only 7 bits per channel. The 8th bit is dedicated to signaling. Intercity transmission was still by analog carriers. Later, when T-1 was adapted to intercity long haul use, 8 bits were required. Thus the robbed bit signaling method was invented, which achieved almost 8-bit performance. When compared to analog systems, where signal to noise would degrade with distance, T-1 with robbed bit signaling was acceptable. Its signal-to-noise degrades with distance, but slower compared to analog and tops at 6 dB. LoopTel 07:24, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Robbed-bit signaling


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/Hot/D4/Dig-Dip

Digital
Digital p-Digital u Digital v-Digital w Digital- Digitall-Digitalp
 * 1) Digital pen
 * 2) Digital photography sites
 * 3) Digital picture frame
 * 4) Digital player
 * 5) Digital postage
 * 6) Digital postcard
 * 7) Digital power
 * 8) Digital PowerLine
 * 9) Digital printer
 * 10) Digital proofing
 * 11) Digital recorder
 * 12) Digital remaster
 * 13) Digital resolution
 * 14) Digital satellite radio
 * 15) Digital single lens reflex
 * 16) Digital SVD
 * 17) Digital switched network
 * 18) Digital tablet
 * 19) Digital Unix
 * 1) Digital VCR
 * 2) Digital versatile disc
 * 3) Digital Video Disc
 * 4) Digital video effects
 * 5) Digital VideoDisc
 * 6) Digital wallet
 * 7) Digital watermark
 * 8) Digital workflow
 * 1) Digital-S
 * 2) Digital-to-analog conversion
 * 1) Digitally signed
 * 2) DigitalPaper

Digitat

 * 1) Digitata

Digiti-Digito

 * 1) Digitizer tablet
 * 2) Digitoxin

Digu

 * 1) Digul River

Dih-Dil

 * 1) Dihua
 * 2) Dika Nut
 * 3) Dike (Greek religion and mythology)
 * 4) Dike (technology)
 * 5) Dikelocephalus
 * 6) Dikwa
 * 7) Dilator Muscle
 * 8) Dilemma Tale
 * 9) Dilleniidae

Dim

 * 1) Dimbokro
 * 2) Dimension (mathematics)
 * 3) Dimension (physics)
 * 4) Dimensioning
 * 5) Dimensionless groups
 * 6) Dimensions (mechanics)
 * 7) Dimethoate
 * 8) Dimethyl benzene
 * 9) Dimethylbenzene
 * 10) Dimitri Mitropoulos
 * 11) Dimitrie A. Sturdza
 * 12) Dimitrie A. Sturza
 * 13) Dimitrios Kallergis
 * 14) Dimitrios
 * 15) Dimity
 * 16) Dimnah
 * 17) Dimon
 * 18) Dimorphantus
 * 19) Dimorphotheca ecklonis

Din

 * 1) Dinanderie
 * 2) Dinder National Park
 * 3) Dinder River
 * 4) Dindshenchas
 * 5) Ding Ware
 * 6) Dinguiray
 * 7) Dinh Bo Linh
 * 8) Dini Ya Msambwa
 * 9) Dinichthys
 * 10) Diniz
 * 11) Dinla
 * 12) Dino Compagni
 * 13) Dinocerata
 * 14) Dinoflagellata
 * 15) Dinoflagellida
 * 16) Dinohyus
 * 17) Dinornis
 * 18) Dinotherium

Dio

 * 1) Diocletian Window
 * 2) Diocletian
 * 3) Diode laser
 * 4) Dioecious plant
 * 5) Diogenes
 * 6) Diogo Bernardes
 * 7) Diogo Gomes
 * 8) Diomed
 * 9) Dion Boucicault
 * 10) Dion Chrysostom
 * 11) Dion of Syracuse
 * 12) Dione (astronomy)
 * 13) Dionisio Anzilotti
 * 14) Dionysian Period
 * 15) Dionysius of Halicarnassus
 * 16) Dionysius Petavius
 * 17) Dionysius the Carthusian
 * 18) Dionyza
 * 19) Dioon
 * 20) Dioscuri

Dip

 * 1) Dipavamsa
 * 2) Diphylleia cymosa
 * 3) Diphyllidea
 * 4) Diplacus glutinosus
 * 5) Diplogasterida
 * 6) Diplograptus
 * 7) Diploid cell
 * 8) Diplomonadida
 * 9) Diplopappus
 * 10) Diplopoda
 * 11) Diplovertebron
 * 12) Diplura
 * 13) Dipnoi
 * 14) Dipody
 * 15) Dipoenus
 * 16) Dipolar Hypothesis
 * 17) Dipole Approximation
 * 18) Dipole Moment
 * 19) Dipole-dipole interaction
 * 20) Diprotodontidae
 * 21) Dipsas
 * 22) Dipteriformes
 * 23) Dipterus


text:
User talk:Verblyud~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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By the way, please be sure to sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name.

I've noticed that you have made several edits regarding the Christian faith, and that's great! We have a committed and diverse group of editors in our community with similar interests! Please feel free to ask us questions and interact with us on the various talk pages for Christian topics; we'd love to have you working with us!

If you have any questions, you can post to the help desk or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! KHM03 11:13, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Verblyud. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Verblyud~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 03:18, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 20:13, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Verblyud~enwiki


text:
The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place

The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place is the third studio album by Austin post-rock group Explosions in the Sky, which comprises Mike Smith and Munaf Rayani on guitars, Michael James on bass, and Christopher Hrasky on drums, with the album being produced by John Congleton. The album consists of five tracks spanning 45 minutes. It was released on November 4, 2003 by Temporary Residence Limited.

Having formed in Austin, Texas in 1999, the band recorded two studio albums before releasing The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place. The album is often considered to be released within the context of the post-September 11 attacks world, despite the attacks not being taken into consideration by the band during recording. The music of the album is without lyrics, and includes tracks that are considered to be inspired by reactions to crises, including the Kursk submarine disaster. The album generally garnered positive reviews.

Background
Explosions in the Sky, comprising Mike Smith and Munaf Rayani (guitars), Michael James (bass), and Christopher Hrasky (drums), was formed in 1999 in Austin, Texas under the name Breaker Morant. They released their first album, How Strange, Innocence with Temporary Residence Limited in 2000. In 2001, the band released their second album Those Who Tell the Truth Shall Die, Those Who Tell the Truth Shall Live Forever, which was widely distributed and led to a critical breakthrough for the band. As the band's money and concentration began to decrease, they returned to Midland, Texas, where The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place was recorded. The band worked day jobs to play in an office building basement.

Between Those Who Tell the Truth Shall Die, Those Who Tell the Truth Shall Live Forever and The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place, the September 11 attacks occurred. It was within the context of the post-September 11 world that The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place was released. Although the band did not have the September 11 attacks in mind while recording the album, band member Christopher Hrasky commented that "if people look at it as though 'this song is about 9/11,' then that connection exists for them." The album was, according to producer John Congleton, recorded and mixed in three days.

Music
None of the tracks on The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place have lyrics. "Six Days at the Bottom of the Ocean" was inspired by the Kursk submarine disaster in 2000 – the band sees the track as "the album's darkest moment." Songs like "First Breath After Coma," "Memorial" and "Your Hand in Mine" suggest "personal or collective reactions to crises", according to scholars of September 11-related music Joseph Fisher and Brian Flota. Hartley Goldstein of Pitchfork compared the album to their previous one, saying that it was much warmer and "laced with an intense yearning for optimism in the face of horrific circumstance."

The album opens with "First Breath After Coma," starting with a sound that "captures a moment of awakening" with a guitar that mimics "the incessant nerve-wracking electrical beeps of a hospital heart monitor". Guitars "dance and gleam" through "The Only Moment We Were Alone." The closing guitar freakout of "The Only Moment We Were Alone" transitions into "Six Days at the Bottom of the Ocean," which relies heavily on it.

Johnny Loftus of AllMusic referred to "Memorial" as the "meditative heart" of the album, saying that "it begins so quietly, reduced to brittle landscapes of tone. Lightly chiming guitars drift in, like the echoes of church bells off in narrow city streets. Then, like each of the album's movements, it surges forward in a rush, like the overtures of Sonic Youth separated, dried, and ultimately lengthened in the blistering Texas sun."

"Your Hand in Mine" is the most popular of the album's tracks. Loftus describes it as including a "pair of determined guitars picking out a melody that's both pretty and pretty damn heartbreaking."

Title and packaging
The title of The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place originated, according to Hrasky, "from this idea of life being very confusing. It was a dark time, and the record is sort of about trying to hang on to the beauty in the world."

The cover, designed by Esteban Rey, depicts the album's name in black written repeatedly across a white background. Hrasky explains that "that way we could kind of imagine that it was written by someone who sees all the horror and terror of the world, but who is also trying to look at all the wonderful and beautiful things." The inside sleeve of the album depicts "a sketch of lifeless autumnal leaf wistfully tumbling in the air, only to transform into the body of a fluttering dove."

Critical reception
The album was received well, with a rating of 86 out of 100 on Metacritic, based on reviews from 17 critics, indicating "universal acclaim". Stylus called the album "essential", with the reviewer remarking that "I may never need another instrumental album like this again". Guitar.com argues that it is the "ultimate post-rock album". The Guardian praised the album, calling the tracks "tunes that twinkle and thunder like exploding stars, and show that there are still infinite possibilities in two guitars, bass and drums." Entertainment Weekly commented on the "gargantuan beauty" of the album. Pitchfork pinpointed the most impressive part of the album as the fact that it is constantly in flux, and called it "a sweetly melodic, inspirationally hopeful album for a genre whose trademark is tragedy." Blender, however, gave a mixed review of the album, saying that it was "executing almost exactly the same formula [as the first track] four more times ... and the dramatic shock wears off quickly."

The album is featured on a list of 30 best post-rock albums as compiled by Fact, at the 20th spot. Fact praises the simplicity of the album, but also calls its simplicity the reason for its downfall, as "their blueprint was easy to replicate, creating a sea of diluted copyists. But there’s no taking away the sparkle of the album that inspired them all". Kerrang! put the album on its list of the 16 greatest post-rock albums, saying that there was "something wonderfully, moreishly melodramatic about this set, possessing an unspoken narrative that post-rock rarely conjured". Paste put the album at the 24th spot on its list of the 50 best post-rock albums, describing the album as having "dramatic compositions that swell and recede like a deep meditative breath before bursting forth with fist-pumping crescendos".

In other media
On the Versus TV network, "First Breath After Coma" was used to introduce feature presentations. "The Only Moment We Were Alone" is featured on the film Capitalism: A Love Story (2009). According to guitarist Munaf Rayani, "it's exciting to see visual images accompany our music."

The Ted Cruz 2016 presidential campaign used "Your Hand in Mine" in a campaign video, which was taken down following comments against the use by the band.

Credits

 * Munaf Rayani (guitars)
 * Michael James (guitars/bass)
 * Mark T Smith (guitars)
 * Christopher Hrasky (drums)
 * Recorded and engineered by John Congleton

title: The Earth Is Not a Cold Dead Place


text:
Neptune Rowing Club

Neptune Rowing Club, founded in 1908, is located on the River Liffey at Islandbridge, Dublin. It is one of the largest clubs in Ireland.

The club is a member of the Dublin Metropolitan group of clubs which operates a boat house on the reservoir in Blessington - therefore the club's rowers train at both Islandbridge and Blessington. The Dublin Metropolitan Regatta is also hosted here each year.

Neptune has a strong history in competitive rowing - it has accumulated 152 National Championship titles since 1914, and has won a number of Henley Regatta events including the Diamond Sculls, Britannia 4, Ladies Plate 8, Thames Cup 8 and Prince of Wales 4x (composite with Commercial RC).

Victories at Henley Royal Regatta
In the 1996 Thames Cup final, Neptune beat Wallingford A.

More recently Neptune had further success at Henley in the Henley Women's Regatta of 2010 with a convincing win for the Elite Pair, beating Oxford University by two lengths in the final.

Current Membership
The club currently has a very large and active group of members competing at all levels and across age groups, from novices to internationals competing for Ireland. A 'Learn To Row' programme is taught at Neptune Rowing Club and participants can graduate from the programme into our competitive Novice Squad. The club also boasts a considerable number of Masters athletes (age 28-70) who compete in Ireland and individuals also represent Ireland at the World Masters Championships.

Championship victories
All these are Neptune Irish Championships Titles (152 titles since 1914)
 * 2016 Men's Novice Quad, Women's Novice Quad
 * 2010 Women's Senior Pair
 * 2007 Women's Senior Double Scull, Women's Senior 8+ ( composite with Waterford & Muckross )
 * 2006 Men's Junior Scull, Men's Junior Double Scull, Women's Intermediate 8+, Women's Junior Scull and Women's Junior Double Scull
 * 2005 Men's Intermediate 4+, Men's Junior 18 Double Scull, Women's Novice Scull
 * 2004 Seniors: Women's Four
 * Intermediates: Women's Eight, Women's Four
 * Juniors: Men's Scull
 * 2003 Juniors: Men's Quad, Men Pair, Men's Double Scull
 * Novices: Women's Eight
 * 2002 Juniors: Men's Eight, Men's Four, Men's Pair. Seniors: Men's Quad (composite)
 * 2001 Seniors: Men's Eight, Women Eight, Women's Four, Men's Quad, Men's Single, Men's Coxless Four, Men's Pair, Men's Double Scull, Men's Lightweight Scull
 * Intermediates: Men's Eight
 * Juniors: Men's Eight
 * 2000 Seniors: Women's Four, Men's Double Scull
 * Intermediates: Women's Eight, Women's Single
 * Juniors: Men's Eight
 * 1999 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men Four, Men Quad, Men Single, Men's coxless Four, Men's Pair
 * Intermediates: Women's Eight, Women's Four, Men's Single
 * 1998 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men's Four, Men's Single, Men's Coxless Four, Men Pair, Men's Double Scull
 * Novices: Men's Four
 * Juniors: Men's Double Scull
 * 1997 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men's Four, Men's Quad, Men's Single, Men's Coxless Four, Men's Pair, Men's Double Scull
 * Intermediates: Men's Pair, Men's Single
 * Novices: Men's Eight, Men's Four
 * 1996 Seniors: Men's Eight
 * Novices: Women's Single
 * Juniors: Men's Quad, Women's Pair, Women's Double Scull
 * 1995 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men Coxless Four, Men's Pair, Men's Double Scull
 * 1994 Seniors: Men's Coxless Four, Men's Pair
 * Intermediates: Men's Eight
 * 1993 Seniors: Men's Four, Men's Coxless Four
 * Novices: Women's Four
 * Juniors: Men's Single, Men's Double Scull
 * 1992 Seniors: Men Eight, Men's Four, Men coxless Four, Men's Lightweight Scull
 * Juniors: Men's Double Scull
 * 1991 Seniors: Men's Four, Men's Lightweight Scull
 * Juniors: Men's Eight
 * 1990 Seniors: Men's Eight
 * Juniors: Men's Eight
 * 1989 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men's Pair
 * Juniors: Men's Double Scull
 * 1988 Seniors: Men's Four, Men's Pair
 * Intermediates: Men's Single
 * 1987 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men's Four, Men Pair
 * 1986 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men's Four, Men Pair
 * Juniors: Men Pair, Men Double Scull
 * 1985 Seniors: Men's Eight, Men's Four, Men's Pair
 * Intermediates: Men's Four
 * 1984 Seniors: Men's Eight
 * 1983 Intermediates: Men's Four
 * 1982 Seniors: Men's Pair
 * Novices: Men's Eight, Men's Four
 * Juniors: Men's Single, Men's Four, Men's Pair, Men's Double Scull
 * 1981 Seniors: Men's Four
 * Intermediates: Men's Eight
 * Juniors: Men's Eight, Men Four, Men's Double Scull
 * 1980 Seniors: Men's Eight
 * Juniors: Men's Double Scull: Jerome Hurley and John Moloco
 * 1979 Seniors: Men's Double Scull
 * Juniors: Men's Four, Men's Pair
 * 1977 Intermediates: Men's Eight, Men's Four
 * Novices: Men's Eight
 * 1976 Juniors: Men's Four
 * 1975 Intermediates: Men's Four
 * 1974 Novices: Men's Eight
 * 1972 Novices: Men's Eight
 * 1971 Intermediates: Men's Eight, Men's Four
 * 1970 Seniors: Men's Eight
 * 1975 Juniors: Men's Single
 * 1963 Intermediates: Men's Four
 * 1947 Novices: Men's Eight
 * 1944 Intermediates: Men's Eight
 * 1934 Seniors: Men's Eight
 * Intermediates: Men's Eight
 * 1914 Seniors: Men's Eight

title: Neptune Rowing Club


text:
Mahmud Shaltut

Sheikh Mahmoud Shaltut (محمود شلتوت; 23 April 1893 – 13 December 1963) was an Egyptian figure best known for his attempts in Islamic reform. A disciple of Mohammad Abduh's school of thought, Shaltut rose to prominence as Grand Imam of Al-Azhar during the Nasser years from 1958 until his death in 1963.

Early life
Born in Beheira Governorate, a province in Lower Egypt, Sheikh Shaltut left his small village, Binyat Bani Mansur, in 1906 at age thirteen and enrolled in Ma’had dini of Alexandria- a newly established Azhar-affiliated religious institute. Upon completion of his studies in 1918, Shaltut received his Alimiyya Degree (Azhar equivalent to the BA) and began teaching at the same institute in 1919. At age thirty four, he was called upon to lecture at the Higher Division of al-Azhar and subsequently transferred to Cairo in 1927.

Time at Al-Azhar
In 1929 Sheikh Mohammad Moustafa al-Maraghi was chosen as rector of al-Azhar University. Al-Maraghi began creating his own reform program and was firmly supported by Shaltut who, several years prior to his transfer to al-Azhar, had created reform ideas of his own concerning al-Azhar. Shaltut's reforms were ones specifically geared toward separating the religious institution from the state.

However, not everyone was keen on change and al-Maraghi's bold ideas quickly brought him down. After a brief one-year posting, Sheikh al-Maraghi resigned as grand imam of al-Azhar and in his place came Sheikh Mohammad al-Ahmadi al-Zawahiri. Unlike al-Maraghi, whom Shaltut viewed as being a proactive leader and reformer, Sheikh al-Zawahiri was perceived by Shaltut as being reactionary. Shaltut himself was a modernist disciple of Muhammad Abduh and Muhammad Rashid Rida and their influences on him are clearly discernible in his writings, actions, and ideas.

Thus, it was inevitable Shaltut would harbor resistance to al-Zawahiri's passive policies, and therefore, he was consequently dismissed from al-Azhar in September 1931 along with others in what can be conceived as a general purge of those associated with al-Maraghi's reform faction. Shaltut spent his time spent away from al-Azhar working as a lawyer in the Shari’a courts. It was not until al-Maraghi's second appointment in 1935 that Shaltut would return to al-Azhar.

During al-Maraghi's second post at the helm of al-Azhar, which lasted ten years until 1945, Shaltut became Wakil (Vice Dean) of the Kulliyat al Shari’a, and in 1937 he attended the Deuxieme Congrès International de Droit Comparé conference at the Hague, where he was one of only three scholars selected to represent al-Azhar. His speech regarding civil and criminal liability in Islamic law impressed those within al-Azhar circles and thus served to increase his status within the institute.

Later in 1939, Shaltut was appointed as inspector of religious studies and went on to be elected to membership in the Arabic Language Academy in Cairo in 1946. Shaltut's rise to prominence continued and in November 1957 he was selected as Vice-Rector. Less than one year later Shaltut was finally given the highest honor and made Sheikh al-Azhar by President Gamal Abdel Nasser in October 1958. Previously, al-Azhar scholars were granted the power to elect the grand imam, but in 1961, after nationalizing the religious institution, Abdel Nasser issued a new al-Azhar Law, limiting the power of the al-Azhar imams and giving the government power to appoint the grand imam. By deepening the ties between the regime and the institution, this allowed the post-1952 revolutionary government of Abdel Nasser to work to integrate education into a unified system and find an ally in Shaltut, who would strive for modernization of curricula and a broader public-service function - at home and abroad - for al-Azhar.

As Sheikh al-Azhar: Beliefs, Ideas, and Reforms
Shortly after assuming his position as Sheikh al-Azhar, Shaltut announced his vision for reform. Shaltut attempted to prove that shari’a law was not an obstacle to modern society, but rather a guide through the changes modern society brings with it. He was fervently determined to see al-Azhar achieve greater independence from the state's control and worked toward getting the National Assembly to pass declarations such as the Reform Law, which they did in 1961. The Reform Law was aimed at integrating al-Azhar into the wider field of higher education, improving job opportunities for students, and producing modern scholars knowledgeable in matters of the contemporary world and able to serve the Muslim community.

Admiration for Sheikh Shaltut grew rapidly and his unprecedented decision to undertake regular broadcasts, in which he delivered religious sermons and answered questions from those who had doubts or criticism, only enhanced his reputation. These broadcasts were later published by the Ministry of National Guidance as Ahadith al-sabah fi’l-Midhya and Yas’aluna (Ask Us).

He also acquired a reputation as a great orator. His capability to communicate well with the masses garnered him many listeners as he spoke of varying issues regarding contemporary Muslim society such as family law, private property, birth control, and polygamy (which he strongly defended), to name a few. In essence, Sheikh Shaltut believed that the relevance of shari’a law in the modern day was not to be undermined. Also, he viewed his Quranic commentary, or his tafsir, more as practical advice for any literate Muslim rather than a strict scholarly analysis.

Legacy
Shaltut is remembered for encouraging harmonious interactions between Sunni and Shi'a Muslims. He maintained close relations with prominent Shi’i figures such as Seyyed Hossein Borujerdi and zealously campaigned for open discussion and cooperation between the two faiths. Shaltut desperately wanted to overcome misconstructions and avoid quarrels between them. Shaltut even went as far as to issue a fatwa which essentially declared that worship according to the Twelver Shi’i doctrine was valid.

Shaltut strove to portray Islam to the world as a religion of unity, flexibility, and moderation. He furiously condemned sectarianism, saint worship, and miracles while promoting tolerance and reason among the Islamic population. Moreover, Shaltut had no concerns accepting socialism and had great pride in his Egyptian nationality while at the same time supporting Arabism.

Nevertheless, as any prominent figure would, Shaltut (and the overall ulama at the time) had his dissenters. A post-1960s Arab world was essentially one in which there was a crisis of religious leadership. Shaltut's attempts to reengage the ulama into people's broad culture fell on deaf ears as he was seen as peripheral to the state — a man set in place to satisfy the regime rather than serve the religion. His interpretation of core Islamic principles sharply contrasted with the consensus of his peers and the historical legacy of the Al-Azhar institute. His beliefs and the efforts that exemplified them were anomalous to mainstream Islam and definitively beyond the pale of the religion.

Major works

 * 1) Tafsir al-Kuran al-Karim: al-Adjza al-Ashara al-Ula (1959)
 * 2) Jihad al-kital fi‘l-Islam (1948; translated into English by R. Peters in 1977 in Jihad in Mediaeval and Modern Islam)
 * 3) al-Islam, Aqida wa-Shari’a (1959; translated into French by Messaoud Boudjenon in 1999 as L'islam: dogme et legislation)
 * 4) al-Fatiwa, Dirasa li Mushkilat al-Muslim al-mu asir fi Hayatihi al-Yawmiyya al-Amma (1964)

title: Mahmud Shaltut


text: Category:Rail transport in Hong Kong

title: Category:Rail transport in Hong Kong


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/SymmyS (2nd nomination)

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedy del  by request of original author (no other nontechnical contributors). mikka (t) 23:26, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

SymmyS
I wrote this article about a form of poetry I invented. As far as I know, very few people other than me have written in this form, and it has only been published in a college newspaper. I didn't really think about/understand the implications of pushing my own bit of obscure poetry onto the wikipedia when I wrote this, but of course I see now that this is really promoting my own agenda (zany and noncommercial as it may be) and not creating encyclopedic content. Someone nominated this page for deletion long ago, and I agreed to it as well as everyone else, but it never went away... so here I am nominating it again. Unless some well-known poet, unbeknownst to me, picked up this form and published a book using it, I don't think this belongs on the wikipedia. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Thomas Mills Hinkle (talk • contribs) 11:19, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * This afd nomination was orphaned. Listing now.  Delete as above.  Anyone brave enough to look for the old vfd? —Cryptic (talk) 14:06, 20 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as OR & per nom —Bunchofgrapes (talk) 23:23, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Linda Martin

Untitled
they wouldn't!

Born in 1947 - still in school in 1969? Surely some mistake!

Birth date?
The Irish language Wikipedia lists Linda's year of birth as 1953. Which is correct, this or 1947?109.77.149.82 (talk) 13:17, 19 February 2013 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Linda Martin


text:
DJ-Kicks: Nightmares on Wax

DJ-Kicks: Nightmares on Wax is a DJ mix album, mixed by Nightmares on Wax, released on the Studio !K7 label as part of the DJ-Kicks series.

 * CD Cat number: !K7093CD
 * Vinyl Cat number: !K7093LP

CD Track List

 * 1) Type - Slow Process – 5:04
 * 2) Only Child - Breakneck – 2:13
 * 3) Saukrates - Ay, Ay Studder – 3:20
 * 4) DJ Paul Nice - Break It Down – 2:05
 * 5) Grand Unified - Shake Up (Jaddle Remix) – 4:05
 * 6) Nightmares on Wax - Ease Jimi – 2:06
 * 7) Jerry Beeks - Flash $ – 1:56
 * 8) D.I.T.C. - Thick – 3:44
 * 9) Nightmares on Wax - Burn Me Slow (featuring O.C. of D.I.T.C.) – 1:57
 * 10) Nightmares on Wax - Play On (featuring Corrina Joseph) – 4:36
 * 11) Kenny Dope - Get On Down – 4:50
 * 12) Kenny Dope - Superkat – 3:09
 * 13) A Tribe Called Quest - Award Tour – 3:23
 * 14) John Cameron - Swamp Fever – 2:04
 * 15) Blackalicious - Alphabet Aerobics – 2:09
 * 16) DJ Trax - This Place – 4:50
 * 17) Freddie Fresh - It's A Latin Thing – 5:44
 * 18) Aim - Underground Crownholders – 1:48
 * 19) Deckwrecka - Catchwrecka – 2:07
 * 20) Martin Brew - Sand Steppin – 2:25
 * 21) Smokers Blend - Overooped – 3:35
 * 22) Deadbeats - Pick Me Up – 4:06
 * 23) Syrup - Chocolate – 5:21

LP Track List

 * 1) Saukrates - Ay, Ay Studder
 * 2) Jerry Beeks - Flash $
 * 3) D.I.T.C. - Thick
 * 4) Nightmares on Wax - Play On
 * 5) Nightmares on Wax - Burn Me Slo
 * 6) A Tribe Called Quest - Award Tour
 * 7) Freddy Fresh - It's A Latin Thing
 * 8) Deckwrecka - Catch Wrecka
 * 9) Martin Brew - Sand Steppin'
 * 10) Smokers Blend - Overooped
 * 11) Deadbeats - Pick Me Up
 * 12) DJ Paul Nice - Break It Down

title: DJ-Kicks: Nightmares on Wax