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Talk:Lake retention time

Juggling numbers

 * Clinton Lake 6 months
 * Faaker See 7.8 months
 * Lake Silvaplana c. 250 days
 * Lake Sarnen 0.8 years
 * Greifensee 420 days
 * Lake Zurich 440 days
 * Tegernsee 1.28 years
 * Lake Walen 1.4258 years
 * Lake Murten 1.6 years
 * Lake Thun 684 days

That's what is says...OK?

Now, someone who put this together must have worked out that 250 days is more than 7.8 months but less than 0.8 years.

So why didn't the mathematical person who worked out that 250 days was less than this and more than that, actually make the stuff match? This list reads like the stuff of idiots who write for newspapers and say that while 43% do, less than half don't and maybe 2 in a hundred might while 0.05 have really no idea at all.

Fix it, someone! It's a violation of common sense! 1.4258 years! 648 blinking days!

Can I suggest that someone makes the dayish ones into days, up to 365, then you go yearsish. What Grandma reeeally wants to know is, if calculations are made to the 4th decimal point, what happens in Leap Years? --Amandajm 10:09, 3 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Gee .. take it easy. The numbers reproduced are those given in the different articles. An easy way to fix it, would be to find references for specific lakes you like, include the reference and update the infoboxes accordingly.
 * Next time this list is regenerated, it would look the way you like. -- User:Docu

 * You may like the new version .. it sorts even better. -- User:Docu

Agreed! 0.13th of a day? Who the hell measures days in 100ths?????? Wouldn't three hours be more unidiotic???? "Gotta run to the store. Be back in 0.085th of a day"  said no friggin one ever! Typical case of some Wiki author who has been educated way beyond the capacity of his intelligence. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 107.12.162.211 (talk) 01:10, 13 June 2016 (UTC)

Source
Somebody should cite these numbers properly in accordance with WP:CITE. I would, but looking over the external links it wasn't clear to me which "article about the lake" the original poster was referring to. --Jhamon 10:06, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

 * For "Lake Baikal", it's Lake Baikal, "Crater Lake" it's Crater Lake etc. Hope it's clear now. -- User:Docu

I believe the values for Lake Tahoe and Lake Baikal are in error, there is no way that the retention time for Lake Tahoe can be more than that for Lake Baikal. I would hope that someone familiar with the data for both lakes would make the corrections--Pkrnger 20:05, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

 * The numbers are from the corresponding articles. Try these or the following sources: (Lake Tahoe) p.2, (Lake Baikal). -- User:Docu

How we can improve this list
From the discussion here, it seems that User:Docu] is automatically generating the list of lake retention times, presumably by using a bot. First question: am I understanding that right?

If so, then there's not much point in my editing the list directly, but perhaps I could make a suggestion. This long list of retention times doesn't really suit what should be an encyclopedic article on the concept of lake retention time. Could it perhaps be moved to a new page called (for example) List of lake retention times and hopefully formatted similarly to List of lakes by volume and List of lakes by depth. There remain issues about providing some geographical context (continent, country or countries), and finding a good way to sort values ranging from 1,000 years.

Then, in this main article, the very long table could be replaced by a much shorter one of particularly notable lakes. I'm thinking that it would include some with very short or very long documented retention times, plus retention times for some of the world's best known lakes. Rupert Clayton (talk) 17:46, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Thank you for the good work in correcting and expanding the article.

 * In response to your first question, the list was generated from infoboxes. All other infobox lake didn't provide residence times. The list is already sortable on both columns. Next time, I could include basin country or location field similar to WikiProject_Lakes/Galleries/Image_missing.

 * As the list gets longer and the article more detailed, it could easily go on another page. Personally I don't think it's a priority though. Lists often provide lengthy introductions. Already now, it's worth providing sample residence times in addition to the main list. -- User:Docu

Klingnauer Stausee's 0.13 days retention time
I think the retention time listed for this lake is a typo. I my opinion, it's probably 13 days, but I could be wrong; I am only a A-level geology stundent... (you probably know what the UK's education system is like :-|)

--Chelokwong (talk) 15:20, 9 May 2009 (UTC)

 * 0.13 days can also be found in http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es970946h where it was studied precisely because of its low retention time. 3 hours doesn't make it much of a lake though. --Klingnau (talk) 16:15, 5 June 2009 (UTC)

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Lake Eucumbene's 1953 years Retention Time
Lake Eucumbene is a dam for hydro-power generation, whose construction begun in 1956. I am not sure how these years are related but the water certainly won't stay in there for more than three years, most likely much less. In 2022 the lake level rose from 40 to 70% within less than five months. https://www.snowyhydro.com.au/generation/live-data/lake-levels/

Can we delete this lake from the list? 2003:A:24:3600:C1F:5C0:AC6A:7F39 (talk) 10:24, 25 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lake retention time


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Carl Wark

Carl Wark (sometimes Carl's Wark) is a rocky promontory on Hathersage Moor in the Peak District National Park, just inside the boundary of Sheffield, England. The promontory is faced by vertical cliffs on all but one side, which is protected by a prehistoric embankment. The cliffs and embankment form an enclosure that has been interpreted as an Iron Age hill fort, though the date of construction and purpose of the fortifications remains unknown. The site is a scheduled monument.

Location
Carl Wark is located at, at an elevation of about 370 m above sea level. Hathersage is about 3 km to the west; Sheffield City Centre about 11 km to the north-east. Historically this was within the ancient county of Derbyshire, but the surrounding area was annexed to the City of Sheffield in 1933, and now lies in the ceremonial county of South Yorkshire.

The promontory is a Millstone Grit outcrop situated in Hathersage Moor. From the north it is overlooked by the higher 434 m peak of Higger Tor. To the east is the valley of the Burbage Brook, which is overlooked by Burbage Rocks, a Millstone Grit escarpment. The land gently slopes away to the south following the course of Burbage Brook into the valley of the River Derwent. To the south-west, the land rises towards Winyards Nick and Over Owler Tor.

Layout
The promontory is approximately 230 m long and 60 m wide, oriented south-east to north-west. It gently slopes down to the west; at the peak of the promontory an area of 0.7 ha—180 m long, 60 m wide—is enclosed by natural cliffs enhanced with man-made fortifications. The eastern and north-eastern sides of this enclosure are faced with vertical cliffs of up to 10 m in height. The southern edge of the enclosure consists of large earth-fast boulders that have been reinforced with millstone grit blocks, forming a wall 2 – high. A rampart across the western end of the promontory completes the enclosure. The rampart is 40 m long and 8 m wide at its base, rising to a height of 3 m. It is constructed of a turf bank that is lined on its outer face with gritstone blocks. Within the southern wall, about 10 m from the western rampart there is a 2 m wide entrance. This entrance is a curved passage through the rock face with 2.5 m walls on each side.

At the south end of the rampart there are the remains of a shelter, possibly a shieling, built using stones from the rampart. Around the base of the cliff at the eastern end of the promontory there is evidence of millstone production, probably dating from the 16th or 17th century.

History
The date and purpose of the construction of the rampart at Carl Wark are uncertain. It has been described as being "unlike any other [structure] found in Northern England." It is widely postulated to be a hill fort of Iron Age origin, perhaps dating from the 8th to the 5th centuries BC, though a similar enclosure at Gardom's Edge has been dated to the late Bronze Age, between 1300 and 900 BC. There is no evidence of settlement within the enclosure so it is unlikely that the site was used for a continuously occupied fort; it may have been used as a place of refuge for a population living in the surrounding area or it may have had some ceremonial purpose.

Antiquarian Hayman Rooke, writing in 1785, gave one of the earliest descriptions of the structure. He thought that it was built by the British Celtic peoples, and surmised that "it is natural to imagine, from the many sacred erections, that this place must have been intended for holy uses, or a court of justice". In 1861 historian John Gardner Wilkinson wrote that the site "bears the marked characteristics of an ancient British [Iron Age] fort", whilst antiquarian and barrow-digger Thomas Bateman stated that he thought the encampment had been set up as a defence against Constantine the Great during the Roman rule of Britain. Isaac Chalkley Gould also dismissed Rooke's idea that the enclosure had a sacred use, writing that it may have been used as a temporary fortified camp or refuge. Following a limited excavation of the turf embankment by Frank Gerald Simpson in 1950, Cecily Margaret Piggott concluded that the rampart was constructed in the Early Middle Ages possibly in the 5th or 6th century as it is similar in construction techniques to some ramparts of this period in Scotland. Some more recent historians agree with the view that the fortifications date from 'the Romano-British period at the start of the Dark Ages, maybe about 500 AD'. Norman Price (1953) described Carl Wark as the site of a pre-Roman Celtic British encampment, later used for defence in the 6th century by Arthurian knight Sir Lamoracke, who he states was also known as Llywarch. More recent assessments suggest that the site may have been in use since the Neolithic period, perhaps with multiple uses and phases of construction.

The origin of the name Carl Wark is uncertain. Rooke used the name "Cair's Work" in his 1785 description, whereas Bateman used "Carleswark". Sheffield historian and folklorist S. O. Addy, writing in 1893, posited that the name is Old Norse in origin, meaning 'The Old Man's Fort', where the 'Old Man' refers to the devil —suggesting that the 9th to 10th century Danish settlers in the area regarded the enclosure as ancient and mysterious. The 1802 Derbyshire edition of The Beauties of England and Wales refers to a rock on the site named "Cair's Chair" suggesting the Welsh word Caer meaning fort or rampart as a possible origin - Cair being an old spelling variant.

A scene from the 1987 film The Princess Bride was filmed nearby at Carl Wark with Higger Tor visible in the background.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Carl Wark


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Talk:EMD SDP45

The 52 SDP45s were originally built for Great Northern (8); Southern Pacific (10); and Erie Lackawanna (34). --207.69.137.12 18:34, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:EMD SDP45


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Winson Green Outer Circle tram stop

Winson Green Outer Circle tram stop is a tram stop in Winson Green, Birmingham England. It was opened on 31 May 1999 and is situated on West Midlands Metro Line 1. Its name is derived from its connection with the Outer Circle bus route.

The pedestrian approach to the stop is decorated by Tim Tolkien's James Watt's Mad Machine.

It is one of only a few West Midlands Metro stops to have an island platform, rather than two side platforms. This is due to a lack of space at the site. The Birmingham to Worcester railway line runs alongside, but the stop is served only by trams, as there are no railway platforms. In addition the railway line between the Stour Valley Line and former Grand Junction Line crosses over the lines just south of the tram stop.

Services
On Mondays to Fridays, West Midlands Metro services in each direction between Edgbaston Village and Wolverhampton St George's/Wolverhampton Station run at six to eight-minute intervals during the day, and at fifteen-minute intervals during the evenings and on Sundays. They run at eight minute intervals on Saturdays.

title: Winson Green Outer Circle tram stop


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Siberian Letopises

The Siberian Letopises (Сибирские летописи in Russian) are the Russian letopises of the late 16th - 18th centuries on the history of Siberia. They include the Yesipov Letopis, Kungur Letopis, Remezov Letopis, Stroganov Letopis, and others. These letopises represent a valuable source on the early history of the Russian Siberia. Some of the chronicles were compiled later, such as Записки к Сибирской истории служащие (Notes, Dedicated to the History of Siberia) and Новая Сибирская летопись (New Siberian Chronicle) by I. Cherepanov, ''Летопись г. Иркутска с 1652 г. до наших дней (Chronicle of the City of Irkutsk from 1652 to present day) by P. Pezhemsky, Краткая летопись Енисейского и Туруханского края Енисейской губернии'' (A Brief Letopis of the Yenisey and Turukhansk Krais of the Yenisey Guberniya) (1594–1893) by A. I. Kytmanov. Altogether, there are more than forty known Siberian Letopises.

The questions of origins and authenticity of the Siberian Letopises were dealt with in different ways by the Russian historiographers. The traditional scheme of development of the Siberian letopis-writing was proposed by Sergei Bakhrushin. He thought the companions of Yermak Timofeyevich to compile the so-called Написание, како приидоша в Сибирь (Notes on How We Came to Siberia) in 1621, which did not survive to the present day. Based on these notes, they compiled the so-called Синодик Тобольского собора in 1622, or Synodikon of the Tobolsk Cathedral (синодик, from the Greek word synodikón, which means a list of the dead submitted to church for remembrance in prayer). Savva Yesipov compiled his own letopis in 1636 based on the Notes and Synodikon. In mid-17th century, they compiled the Stroganov Letopis based on the Notes and archives of the Stroganovs, which has no immediate connection with the Yesipov Letopis. In the late 16th to the second half of the 17th century, they compiled the Kungur Letopis based on verbal narrations of Yermak's companions and folklore of the late 16th century. The Remezov Letopis was compiled in the late 17th century. Around that time, the so-called Описание Новые Земли Сибирского государства (Description of the New Lands of the Siberian State) was written by Nikifor Venyukov.

title: Siberian Letopises


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LWJGL

The Lightweight Java Game Library (LWJGL) is an open-source software library that provides bindings to a variety of C libraries for video game developers to Java. It exposes cross-platform libraries commonly used in developing video games and multimedia titles, such as Vulkan, OpenGL, OpenAL and OpenCL.

The primary goal of the project is to provide a way for Java developers to get access to resources that are otherwise unavailable or poorly implemented on the existing Java platform. The main philosophy is to expose underlying technology as a thin wrapper, thus creating an API close to the original. It is also the basis of many high-level Java game engines and libraries, such as libGDX or the jMonkeyEngine.

History
Development of the library began in 2002 with the release of J2SE 1.4, making use of the newly-added non-blocking I/O operations and off-heap memory access. These additions to the JDK allowed for better access to native memory and libraries not a part of the JDK. The first official release of the library was on 4 February 2007.

On 13 November 2014, version 3 was announced, which was released in the alpha version on 27 April 2015 and is a complete rewrite of LWJGL. Many new bindings, including GLFW, EGL and Objective-C, were added. Support for Oculus Rift development was also added with LibOVR bindings. The new version was released on 4 June 2016, after more than 3 and a half years in development.

Bindings
The library accesses native C code through the Java Native Interface (JNI). Bindings to each of the native libraries exist as different modules so developers can make custom builds with only the things they need in a certain program.

While utility classes are written in pure Java, most of the binding classes are automatically generated by a custom generator implemented in Kotlin.

Since version 3.1, LWJGL is fully split into 51 modules that can be downloaded and used separately. To make this process easier, the project provides an online build configurator, which allows users to download custom combinations of modules and automatically generates Maven and Gradle configuration files to ease their use with existing projects.

Notable uses

 * Minecraft: Java Edition
 * Project Zomboid

title: LWJGL


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Christopher Edwards

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was A7 nn-bio SPEEDY DELETE. -Doc (?) 19:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Christopher Edwards
nom&vote delete. Appears to be a nn bio and definite vanity. Working on a couple books apparently, but unless something more substantive can be shown, not encyclopedic. Gaff 18:35, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Clearly a vanity page --Ritchy 14 October 2005

This boy has a lot of potential. I would know, I taught him. He's recieved numerous awards and honors, and could end up being famous. Could it hurt to leave the page up? He had started writing his AB when I taught him, and that was 2 years ago. Clearly he must almost be done. He could even be looking for a publisher as we speak.
 * Wikipedia will be honored to have him once all that happens. However, Wikipedia is not a crystal ball.  By the way, welcome to the site!--Gaff 19:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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David Gosselin

David Gosselin (born June 22, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey left winger who played 13 games in the National Hockey League for the Nashville Predators between 2000 and 2001. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1998 to 2012, was mainly spent in the minor leagues. He was drafted 78th overall by the New Jersey Devils in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft and made his NHL debut for the Predators during the 1999–00 NHL season.

title: David Gosselin


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User talk:Mudbug

A welcome from Sango123
Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions; I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We're glad to have you in our community! Here are a few good links for newcomers:

 * If you haven't already, drop by the New user log and tell others a bit about yourself.
 * Always sign your posts on talk pages! That way, others will know who left which comments.
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Simplified Ruleset
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Wikipedia Glossary
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also the Topical index.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Though we all make goofy mistakes, here is what Wikipedia is not. If you have any questions or concerns, don't hesitate to see the help pages or add a question to the village pump. The Community Portal can also be very useful.

Happy Wiki-ing!

-- Sango  123  18:36, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Feel free to leave a message on my talk page if you need help with anything or simply wish to say hello. :)

title: User talk:Mudbug


text: User talk:129.173.186.69

title: User talk:129.173.186.69


text:
User:Hardy42

de:User:Hardy42

title: User:Hardy42


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Talk:Neanderthals, Bandits and Farmers

But.... and could you explain the word "bandits"?

title: Talk:Neanderthals, Bandits and Farmers


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Charlotte Vandervalk

Charlotte Vandervalk (born July 31, 1937) is an American Republican Party politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1991 until 2012, representing the 39th legislative district. She served in the Assembly as Deputy Republican Leader from 2002-2003 and Assistant Majority Leader from 1992-1995.

Vandervalk served in the Assembly on the Higher Education Committee and the Housing and Local Government Committee.

Vandervalk worked in the legislature on health care policy, sponsoring legislation on HMO reform, appropriations of expanded funds to home health care and the Work First NJ welfare reform program. She has served on the Governor’s Advisory Council on AIDS since 2002, and on the Commission for Study of Pain Management Policy, since 2003. She served on the Certificate of Need Study Commission in 1999, the Governor’s Task Force on Welfare Reform in 1996 and the Capital Planning Commission from 1991-1992. Vandervalk served on the Bergen County Board of Chosen Freeholders from 1986-1991 and was a member of the Montvale Borough Council from 1980-1985.

On August 25, 2011, Vandervalk announced that she would not run for re-election in November, saying that she wanted to spend more time with her family, and would continue to serve until her term ended in January 2012. In January 2012 she was succeeded in the Assembly by Holly Schepisi.

title: Charlotte Vandervalk


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Daniel Ridgway Knight

Daniel Ridgway Knight (15 March 1839 – 9 March 1924) was an American artist born in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.

Biography
Knight was a pupil at the École des Beaux-Arts, Paris, under Gleyre, and later worked in the private studio of Meissonier. After 1872 he lived in France, having a house and studio at Poissy on the Seine.

He painted peasant women out of doors with great popular success. He earned his first major distinction in France at the Paris Salon in 1882 with his large oil on canvas Un Deuil. He would go on to be awarded the silver medal and Cross of the Legion of Honor, Exposition Universelle, Paris, 1889, and was made a Knight of the Royal Order of St. Michael of Bavaria, Munich, 1893, and receiving the gold medal of honor from the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, Philadelphia, 1893.

He died in Paris. His son, Louis Aston Knight (1873–1948), was also known as a landscape painter.

The catalogue raisonné research on Daniel Ridgway Knight's life and work is being conducted by Rehs Galleries, Inc., New York City.

title: Daniel Ridgway Knight


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Talk:“pseudo” republic

Untitled
I doubt we need an article for this term alone, and I think it's best to cover this phrase/term elsewhere. At te moment, I a, considering AFD'ing the article, but I'll wait for input first. El_C 18:40, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

India Republic
Did we get freedom and are we really and fully Republic 2409:4042:4E0D:3B94:8857:5B62:4189:E35E (talk) 05:15, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:“pseudo” republic


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Ian Shearer, Lord Avonside

Ian Hamilton Shearer, Lord Avonside, (6 November 1914 – 22 February 1996) was a Scottish lawyer and judge.

Biography
Educated at Dunfermline High School, the University of Glasgow and the University of Edinburgh, he was admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1938. He served in the Royal Artillery in World War II. He was standing counsel to Customs and Excise, the Board of Trade and the Ministry of Labour 1947–49, and to the Inland Revenue 1949–51. He was appointed a Queen's Counsel in 1952.

He was Sheriff of Renfrew and Argyll 1960–62, and Lord Advocate from October 1962 to 1964. He was appointed a privy counsellor in 1962. On leaving office, he was appointed a Senator of the College of Justice in 1964, Taking the judicial title Lord Avonside, he filled the vacancy caused by the resignation of Lord Mackintosh, and held the office until 1984.

He was also a Member of the Lands Valuation Court from 1964 (Chairman from 1975 to 1984), Chairman of the National Health Service Tribunal, Scotland 1954–62, a Member of the Scottish Committee of the Council on Tribunals 1958–62, Chairman of the Scottish Valuation Advisory Council 1965–68, and a Member of the Scottish Universities Committee of the Privy Council from 1971. He was President of the Stair Society 1975–87.

title: Ian Shearer, Lord Avonside


text:
David Campbell (Virginia politician)

David Campbell (August 7, 1779 – March 19, 1859) was a Virginia merchant, soldier, farmer, and politician who became the 27th Governor of Virginia, serving from 1837 to 1840.

Early and family life
David Campbell was born in a part of Washington County, Virginia, that later became Smyth County, to Capt. John Campbell (1742–1825) and his wife Elizabeth McDonald (1753–1827). Both of his parents were of Scottish descent. His younger brother John Campbell (1787 or 1788 – by 29 January 1867) served as treasurer of the United States from 1829 to 1839, and would be buried at Morristown, Shelby County, Indiana. Another younger brother, Edward McDonald Campbell (1781–1833), represented Lee, Russell, Scott, Tazewell, and Washington Counties in the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1829–1830, and Edward's son John Arthur Campbell represented the area at the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861 and also served as a Confederate infantry captain and circuit judge. They may have also had two sisters, Mary Campbell Cummings (1773–1829) and Eliza Campbell (1783–1876).

David Campbell married Mary Hamilton (1783–1859) in 1800, and they raised his nephew and niece David H.R. Campbell and Virginia Campbell.

Career
Campbell was a successful merchant in Abingdon, Virginia. He served in the U.S. Army during the War of 1812 and was Captain in the Virginia militia and aide-de-Camp to Governor James Barbour during that conflict. He was National Guard Brigadier General of the 3rd Virginia brigade and Colonel of the 3rd Virginia Cavalry.

Campbell also served as deputy clerk of Washington County from 1802 to 1812. He later won election as Clerk of Washington County (one of three countywide elective offices) and served until 1837.

After the 1820 census, voters in Washington and surrounding Lee, Scott, Russell, and Tazewell counties elected him to represent them (part-time) in the Virginia Senate, where he succeeded Francis Preston (who also represented several other growing counties). Senator Campbell served one term (until 1824) and was replaced by John D. Sharp.

As governor Campbell unsuccessfully advocated creating a statewide system of compulsory education. He called a special session of the General Assembly that helped Virginia weather the financial Panic of 1837. After his term as Virginia's governor ended, he served as justice of the peace in Washington County. Two men of the same name enslaved people in Washington County in 1840. Although Virginia's state slave schedules for that county in 1850 also show a David Campbell as an enslaver, such records are unavailable online. The federal census slave schedule was either lost or missing.

Death and legacy
Campbell died in Abingdon on March 19, 1859, and was survived by his widow for six months. Both are buried in Abingdon's Sinking Spring Cemetery. The Library of Virginia maintains his executive papers.

title: David Campbell (Virginia politician)


text:
Earina

Earina is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae). At the present time (June 2014), 7 species are recognized, native to various islands in the Pacific Ocean.

The New Zealand species are all epiphytic, or sometimes lithophytic, found growing on mossy trunks in the rain forests of both the North and South Islands. The strap-shaped leaves grow from pendulous wire-thin pseudobulbs that arise from creeping rhizomes. E. mucronata flowers mainly in the spring, whereas E. autumnalis, as its name suggests, flowers in the autumn—its flowers are fragrant. The flowers are tiny, typically less than 1 cm across, but are produced in abundance. A large flowering specimen in the bush looks spectacular.

Species

 * 1) Earina aestivalis Cheeseman. - New Zealand North Island
 * 2) Earina autumnalis (G. Forst.) Hook.f.  - New Zealand (North and South Islands, plus Chatham Island)
 * 3) Earina deplanchei Rchb.f. - New Caledonia
 * 4) Earina floripecten Kraenzl.  - New Caledonia
 * 5) Earina mucronata Lindl.   - New Zealand (North and South Islands, plus Chatham Island)
 * 6) Earina sigmoidea T.Hashim.  - Vanuatu
 * 7) Earina valida Rchb.f.  - Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji, Samoa

title: Earina


text:
Catholic–Lutheran dialogue

The Catholic–Lutheran dialogue is a series of discussions that began during July 1964 as an outgrowth of the Second Vatican Council. These gatherings reflect the new openness of the Catholic Church to dialogue with other Christian denominations as well as other religions. These dialogues have been primarily between representatives of the Lutheran World Federation and representatives of the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity.

The Catholic–Lutheran dialogue within the United States have been conducted under the auspices of the U.S. Bishops' Committee for Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs and the USA National Committee of the Lutheran World Federation. The Catholic–Lutheran dialogue brought the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS) together to dialogue with the American Catholic community. The LCMS has not participated in all discussions. Unlike the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the LCMS has not come to an agreement with the Catholic Church due to differences in the understanding of various issues including faith, grace, and sin.

After the Second Vatican Council, the Catholic–Lutheran dialogue culminated in the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification (1999) and the Joint Declaration of Pope Francis and Bishop Munib Younan (2016), which essentially resolved the core theological conflict of Martin Luther and subsequent adversaries. This conflict was further eased by the Anglican Communion doing the same.

Rounds of discussion
Starting in July 1964, over 50 sessions have been held taking up eleven rounds of topics :
 * I. The Status of the Nicene Creed as Dogma of the Church (1965)
 * II. One Baptism for the Remission of Sins (1966)
 * III. The Eucharist as Sacrifice (1968)
 * IV. Eucharist and Ministry (1970)
 * V. Papal Primacy and the Universal Church (1973)
 * VI. Teaching Authority & Infallibility in the Church (1978)
 * VII. Justification by Faith (1983)
 * VIII. The One Mediator, the Saints, and Mary (1990)
 * IX. Scripture and Tradition (1995)
 * X. The Church as Koinonia of Salvation: Its Structures and Ministries (2004)
 * XI. The Hope for Eternal Life (2010)
 * XII. Ministries of Teaching (2011)

Subsequent events
Significant events following these dialogues included a joint statement on the doctrine of Justification by Faith issued in 1983 and the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification issued on 31 October 1999. In 2010, the Catholic–Lutheran dialogue completed a common statement entitled The Hope of Eternal Life. In 2015, Lutherans and Roman Catholics jointly issued the Declaration on the Way: Church, Ministry and Eucharist, an ecumenical document marking greater visible unity between Catholics and Lutherans.

The Lutheran World Federation and the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity hosted a joint Ecumenical Commemoration event at Lund Cathedral in Lund, Sweden, on 31 October 2016. This was a shared Catholic–Lutheran commemoration of the 499th anniversary of the posting by Martin Luther of the Ninety-five Theses at All Saint's Church in Wittenberg, Germany, in 1517.

Documents

 * Catholic–Lutheran Joint Commission
 * "First Official Report of the Joint Working Group" (1966)
 * "The Gospel and the Church" (1972)
 * The Eucharist (1978)
 * "Statement on the Augsburg Confession" (1980)
 * "Ways to Community" (1980)
 * "The Ministry in the Church" (1981)
 * "Martin Luther - Witness to Jesus Christ" (1983)
 * "Facing Unity. Models, Forms and Phases of Catholic-Lutheran Church Fellowship" (1984)
 * "Church and Justification" (1994)
 * Catholic–Lutheran dialogue in the USA
 * The Status of the Nicene Creed as Dogma of the Church (7 July 1965)
 * One Baptism for the Remission of Sins (13 February 1966)
 * The Eucharist (1 October 1967)
 * Eucharist and Ministry (1970)
 * Differing Attitudes Toward Papal Primacy (1973)
 * Teaching Authority and Infallibility in the Church (1978)
 * Justification by Faith (1983)
 * The One Mediator, the Saints, and Mary (1990)
 * Scripture and Tradition (1995)
 * The Church as Koinonia of Salvation: Its Structures and Ministries (2004)
 * The Hope of Eternal Life (1 November 2010)
 * Ecumenical Working Group of Catholic and Lutheran theologians in Germany
 * "The Condemnations of the Reformation Era - Do They Still Divide?" (1986)
 * Catholic–Lutheran Commission on Unity
 * From Conflict to Communion: Catholic–Lutheran Common Commemoration of the Reformation in 2017 (2013)
 * Joint Declarations
 * Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification (1999)

title: Catholic–Lutheran dialogue


text:
Talk:List of Kilkenny people

Untitled
Fairly big list...

— J I P | Talk 18:33, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Kilkenny people


text: Category:Cuban soldiers

title: Category:Cuban soldiers


text:
Kurosh problem

In mathematics, the Kurosh problem is one general problem, and several more special questions, in ring theory. The general problem is known to have a negative solution, since one of the special cases has been shown to have counterexamples. These matters were brought up by Aleksandr Gennadievich Kurosh as analogues of the Burnside problem in group theory.

Kurosh asked whether there can be a finitely-generated infinite-dimensional algebraic algebra (the problem being to show this cannot happen). A special case is whether or not every nil algebra is locally nilpotent. For PI-algebras the Kurosh problem has a positive solution.

Golod showed a counterexample to that case, as an application of the Golod–Shafarevich theorem.

The Kurosh problem on group algebras concerns the augmentation ideal I. If I is a nil ideal, is the group algebra locally nilpotent?

There is an important problem which is often referred as the Kurosh's problem on division rings. The problem asks whether there exists an algebraic (over the center) division ring which is not locally finite. This problem has not been solved until now.

title: Kurosh problem


text:
Talk:Arnold Lewis Raphel

This article describes Arnold Raphel as a "politician." A "politician" is quite a different animal from a career Foreign Service officer, which is what Mr. Raphel apparently was for over twenty years. In addition, this article states: "In 1981, Raphel served as the Special Assistant to Secretary of State Edmund Muskie." Since Muskie's tenure in that office ended (at least as I understand it) on January 20, 1981 with the inauguration of Ronald Reagan, that would mean that -- assuming this article is correct -- Mr. Raphel was Muskie's special assistant for less than three weeks. Perhaps the starting date is a bit off here? In any event, Muskie's own time in office was less than a year. NicholasNotabene (talk) 02:49, 26 August 2013 (UTC)

Untitled
Give more details into August 17 incident. Give more details on his background as well.

Note:

Raphel was married three times, to Myrna, Robin and Nancy. Stephanie is a daughter from the First marriage. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Meros Felsenmaus (talk • contribs) 14:02, 13 September 2012 (UTC)

Politician
I took that out of the article; he may have been a political appointee, but he never ran for office.Mwinog2777 (talk) 16:50, 21 November 2014 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Arnold Lewis Raphel


text:
Warren Lyford DeLano

Warren Lyford DeLano (June 21, 1972 – November 3, 2009) was a bioinformatician and an advocate for the increased adoption of open source practices in the sciences, and especially drug discovery, where advances which save time and resources can also potentially save lives.

Biography
Born in Philadelphia on June 21, 1972, DeLano was educated at Yale University, where he helped produce campus humor magazine The Yale Record.

In 2000, he launched the PyMOL open-source molecular viewer in an attempt to demonstrate the practical impact open source might have on discovery of new medicines. Since then, PyMOL has been widely adopted for molecular structure visualization within the pharmaceutical industry and at public sector research institutions.

In 2003, DeLano founded DeLano Scientific LLC to commercialize PyMOL and conduct an experiment in the "laboratory of the market" regarding the commercial viability of an open source software company. His hypothesis was that open source software is intrinsically optimal for science, and that scientific software companies which provide open source solutions will, through free market competition, eventually displace companies that favor proprietary solutions.

Delano was married to Beth Pehrson.

He died by suicide on 3 November 2009 at his home in Palo Alto, California.

In 2009 the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology created the DeLano Award for Computational Biosciences in Warren's honor. The award acknowledges a scientist for the most accessible and innovative development or application of computer technology to enhance research in the life sciences at the molecular level.

Public quotes
"Lack of access to effective software continues to be a major hindrance to scientific progress and therapeutic discovery. For the benefit of all society, we need to pursue new and complementary approaches to the creation and dissemination of scientific software."

- Warren Lyford DeLano

"The only way to publish software in a scientifically robust manner is to share source code, and that means publishing via the internet in an open-access/open-source fashion."

- Warren Lyford DeLano

"To the pharmaceutical manager, tasked with delivery of robust information systems, open source is simply a way to gain increased flexibility and lower upfront costs in exchange for assuming greater internal responsibility over acquired software."

- Warren Lyford DeLano

title: Warren Lyford DeLano


text:
Talk:EMD GP9

Last GP9B
The last GP9B would be from the Pennsylvania Railroad's order for 10 #7230-7239 which was completed in 12/59. The last GP9s built were Algoma Central #171-172 in 8/63 by GMD in Canada. Domestic US production ended with Pennsylvania #7269 in 12/59. --207.69.137.12 18:44, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * See http://community-2.webtv.net/ajkristopans/ANDRESGMLOCOMOTIVE/ for Serial and Production data — Preceding unsigned comment added by 4.224.117.123 (talk) 18:55, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Exports
Larry Russell's EMD Export Page lists four GP9s exported to Peru and six GP9s exported to Venezuala. See http://emdexport.railfan.net/home.html and look in the model link there. --SSW9389 (talk) 11:18, 1 May 2008 (UTC)

GP9Ms
There are a number of units listed on the roster as GP9s that actually are GP9Ms. I will be making notations on these units as I get them sorted out and then make a general comment to the text on what a GP9M is and how it is different from a regular GP9. Also GP9 export units will be added to the EMD total. --SSW9389 16:08, 24 August 2008 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by SSW9389 (talk • contribs)

Restoration
N&W GP9 #675 has been restored to operational status and is used for excursions by the Bluegrass Railroad Museum. More information is available here: http://www.bgrm.org/#/locomotives/4514554518. BGTwinDad (talk) 04:46, 26 February 2010 (UTC)

Explain to me how...
the webtv links (such as http://community-2.webtv.net/ajkristopans/ANDRESGMLOCOMOTIVE/page2.html) pass WP:ELNO? Seems to me they also pass WP:FANSITE. If they cannot be sufficiently explained as to WHY they they don't pass either guideline listed, then they should not be included here. Also, if the data was gotten from the EMD product cards, those should be sourced, otherwise those sites are considered original research.  ArcAngel    (talk) ) 23:49, 10 August 2011 (UTC)

 * Andre Kristopans has placed the data from the EMD Product Data Cards on line. These are from paper GM records, there is only one other online source I'm aware of that attempts to do the same thing with GM records. The original source of the records would be General Motors and its subsidiary companies. The person who has done the work and the original research would be Andre J. Kristopans among others. The holders of these scarce GM records possess pure data on when the GM locomotives were built, for what railroad, what road numbers they were originally assigned, etc. Kristopan's site is unique in that it lists all the export and foreign built GM products. The majority of the GM locomotive rosters were done with data from the Kristopans site. Mr. Kristopans is on Wikipedia, look at the notes he has left on the back pages of some of the F unit articles. --SSW9389 00:24, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

 * I was unable to find his userpage, perhaps you can clue me in on it?    ArcAngel    (talk) ) 02:55, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

 * See user 76.223.76.83 --SSW9389 04:01, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

infobox, ref
has C&NWRy drawings and spec sheets for #1711, that’s where added info comes from. Sammy D III (talk) 20:50, 26 August 2013 (UTC)

 * There are other differences between Dorin and The Diesel Shop, including HP. Maybe the difference between 800 and 835 max RPM? Difference in length may be OAL (Dorin) vs. pulling face (others?). Dorin has pulling face dimension lines, but no dimensions. 3 inches per knuckle sound good? Sammy D III (talk) 19:57, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

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Recently removed information
User Graywalls has recently removed information in this GP9 article supported by Don Strack's Utah Rails website. Strack is a highly regarded railroad historian who now hosts Andre Kristopans' EMD Serial Number pages. There are very few sources of this EMD data available to the average person. It would be my contention that Mr. Strack supports Mr. Kristopans work because it is highly accurate and would not have it on his website if it were not. --SSW9389 (talk) 11:31, 4 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Archived version of the source that is the subject of contention supports ArcAngel's concern. It is original research.
 * https://web.archive.org/web/20120817092820/http://community-2.webtv.net:80/@HH!E9!89!CF3A4D95E425/ajkristopans/ANDRESGMLOCOMOTIVE/page2.html You argue that these are from "paper GM records". Refer to WP:USESPS regarding the use of internal documents. Your own personal page would be the place to share information as you see fit, but Wikipedia is not the place to share things that do not conform to the sourcing standards regardless of how credible you think a certain person is. Graywalls (talk) 16:56, 5 November 2019 (UTC)

GP9 Production Numbers
The article has several different production numbers. In the body of the article, the number 3,436 is listed. The infobox claims a production total of 4,277. When I made some changes to the article today, I just stated production was "over 3,000" since that holds true for both numbers. Does anyone have a reliable source on the correct number of GP9s produced? Trainsandotherthings (talk) 02:43, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Do you want accuracy or an article that meets Wikipedia standards? --SSW9389 (talk) 08:27, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

 * , Anyone can give a number and claim that theirs is the accurate one. Therefore, it must be verifiable against a reliable, published source, not including "self publishing" vanity presses. It might be best to just omit it. After all, the contents should be comprehensive, not exhaustive. It is an encyclopedia. Not a production record. Graywalls (talk) 08:31, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Graywalls has attacked noted locomotive historian Don Strack repeatedly and refuses to admit that the best source of EMD information online is maintained at https://utahrails.net/ajkristopans/ajkristopans-index.php Any attempt to follow Graywalls example adds a certain level of mediocrity to the information on Wikipedia. Production records exist and should be used. Any source that doesn't use production records is flawed and should not be included on Wikipedia. --SSW9389 (talk) 08:42, 2 August 2021 (UTC) The true count of GP9s is over 4,000, not 3,000. A large degree of bias has been introduced into this article by not including GMD production and production dates in the lead. Both EMD and GMD began building GP9s in 1954. EMD switched to GP18s in late 1959. GMD continued to build a limited number GP9s until 1963. Information in the lead does not match information in the info box. --SSW9389 (talk) 09:02, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

 * I don't want to get into a flamewar here, my only interest is attempting to resolve the discrepancy between the two numbers. SSW9389, I appreciate you want to have the correct information in the article, and I agree that the production number is important (would the GP9 be notable if only a few dozen were produced, instead of thousands?). But Graywalls is right that sources must be reliable and verifiable, and unfortunately I don't believe utahrails counts as a reliable and verifiable source by Wikipedia guidelines, even if everything on it is 100% correct. Don Strack may be the world's most knowledgeable person when it comes to EMD production, but a personal site does not meet the Wikipedia rules for verifiability and independence. A good way to resolve this number count dispute would be to find a published book that gives a number for GP9 production. I have a book that states production for GP7, GP9, and GP18 models combined is 7,347. That isn't enough to go on for just GP9 numbers however. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 16:20, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

Wikipedia's policies require an article that is verifiable and reliable. If we can establish the credentials of Andre Kristopans (not Don Strack, he didn't compile the page on EMD), then we can use that per WP:SPS. It's a high bar, especially when we're not lacking reliable information. I have a couple of sources at hand. Jeff Wilson puts total production at 4,257: 4,902 standard units and 165 "B" units. Gerald Foster, an older source, gives 3,436. He's probably relying on The Second Diesel Spotter's Guide, which gives that figure and then also 165 for the "B" units. Wilson would seem to be the best source at the moment. Mackensen (talk) 22:36, 2 August 2021 (UTC)

 * I just today had a book I ordered come in, and this book claims a production total of 4,092 A units and 165 B for Canada, the United States, and Mexico, for a grand total of 4,257, the same number as Wilson. The book in question is Diesel Locomotives: The First 50 Years by Louis A. Marre. We have two independent sources agreeing on the 4,257 number, I'm going to update and source the article accordingly. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Trainsandotherthings (talk • contribs) 01:34, 3 August 2021 (UTC)

Then, there is WP:DUE. A recognized previously published expert could pull each key from a particular laptop and weigh each one of them. His previous published articles would possibly make the information reliable, but including such information like the weight of individual key cap weight based on an expert's personal website would fail on the due weight consideration ground. These microscopic excessive details about train cars is bordering on such. Graywalls (talk) 17:42, 3 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Graywalls, I don't understand what it is you consider "minute details." This article isn't going around giving extremely minute details on the GP9. There is no inherent limit on the length of an article, per WP:NOTPAPER. The general consensus among editors in train related articles is that information such as production numbers is pertinent and should be included. Most of what could be called "minute details" is confined to the infobox. If I were to draw a parallel to your example, I would consider having entire paragraphs about small parts of the locomotive such as the headlights or railings to be excessive details. Simply listing the number of units produced is in no way a "microscopic excessive detail", especially when there is a discrepancy of nearly 1,000 units. The GP7 and GP9 are very notable in part because of how many were produced, which caused them to also be a large influence on future locomotive designs. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 18:24, 3 August 2021 (UTC)

The production sum of 4257 stated in two books likely represents 99.5% of GP9 production. For an online encyclopedia in the information age maybe that is good enough. Do either of those books have GP9 rosters? If those books do not have GP9 rosters how was the production figure of 4257 figured out? The GP9 roster in the January-February 1972 issue of Extra 2200 South states that some 4272 GP9s were built. A roster of those units is in the article. The Kristopans data set shows more that 4272 GP9s were built. The difference in the data is the wreck rebuilds and the trade in units and how that they are accounted for. It would appear that the 4257 number does not include data on these trade in and rebuild units. --SSW9389 (talk) 09:52, 4 August 2021 (UTC)

 * I would say that for an online encyclopedia written from secondary sources in a summary style, the sum of 4257 is good enough if we trust the authors. Wilson does not include a GP9 roster per se, but does include historical rosters for over 120 railroads, so you could cull from there and get pretty close. He does also indicate sources relied on:
 * Diesel Era
 * Extra 2200 South
 * thedieselshop.us
 * american-rails.com
 * Diesel Locomotive Rosters
 * EMD's Locomotive Reference Data
 * Plus some others. Mackensen (talk) 11:13, 4 August 2021 (UTC)

 * I agree with Mackensen that 4257 comes pretty close to the true number. Based on what SSW9389 says, we can assume 4257 is the number of original builds from EMD and EMC, but not including trade ins and rebuilds. Personally, I think we could note those in the rebuilds section (which needs to be redone anyway as it does not have any citations) but I would leave the 4257 number in the lead section and infobox. There is also a parameter for rebuilds in the infobox template I believe, that could be filled out to account for the missing rebuilds in the build total. I do not have any information on rebuilds so I will leave that task to other editors. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 13:19, 4 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Do either of those books with the 4257 number show data for export locomotives? Or are they strictly focused on North American locomotives. If they don't have export information the 4257 number is not correct as there were 15 export GP9s. The sum of 4257 North American GP9s plus the 15 GP9s exported to South America is 4272, which is the total GP9s shown in Extra 2200 South issue #32 GP9 roster. --SSW9389 (talk) 15:20, 4 August 2021 (UTC)

The Extra 2200 South issue #32 details 4272 GP9s of new manufacture, trade-in and rebuild. EMD built some 3461 of those GP9s plus the 165 GP9Bs for a total of 3626 units. General Motors Diesel in Canada built an additional 646 GP9s. The grand total used in this December 1971 database of GP9s is 4272 which includes the 15 units exported to South America. Using the data in this Extra 2200 South issue would get Wikipedia to 99.86% accuracy of all known GP9s. The Kristopans data details some 4277 GP9s (He found five more wreck rebuilds). And the CN 4824 is listed as a GP9 in the GMD production data, but is included with the GP7 Tally in Extra 2200 South issue #31. The true number of GP9s is around 4278 which would get you to 99.99% accuracy or until the next undocumented wrecked GP9 photo is discovered. . . --SSW9389 (talk) 16:13, 6 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Ok, so which of what you said above is directly supported by Extra 2200 South issues? Kristopan page is not usable. We do not do original research and the minimum requirement is that the contents added can be directly supported by the source. Graywalls (talk) 00:14, 10 August 2021 (UTC)

 * The total 4,272 is the number of GP9s built according to the January-February 1972 edition of Extra 2200 South. See the article Early Geep Tally-part II by Dick Will and Allen Copeland on pages 17-18. Part I of this series is in the October-November-December1971 issue of Extra 2200 South and has a Tally of all GP7s, GP18s and GP20. Both Tallies are accurate to December 1971. --SSW9389 (talk) 13:40, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

The strange case of CN 4824
Six EMD F3s were exported to Canada in May 1948. These were the two ABA sets of order E958 shipped on May 28, 1948 numbered 9000-9005. The booster units were the 9001 and 9004. CN F3A 9005 was wrecked at South Junction, Ontario on May 17, 1958 and was sent to the GMD plant at London, Ontario. GMD built a general purpose unit for CN on order #A-1714 that used parts of the wrecked F3A. The unit resembled a phase 3 GP9 like all the other GP9s built at that time. The unit was shipped in October 1958. The unit was numbered 4824 to take the roster slot just after the CN's 24 GP7s 4800-4823. The strange part of this case is how this unit is classified by diesel historians. You can find it listed as a GP7, GP7M, and GP7R. The GMD production records show it as a GP9. At this point CN 4824 is listed on the GP7 page. The Diesel Spotter's Guide includes CN 4824 as a GP 7. It is the 112th GMD GP7, built in October 1958. --SSW9389 (talk) 11:44, 4 August 2021 (UTC)

Rock Island 1329 2nd
This particular Geep has two serial numbers as it was wrecked and rebuilt early in its time on the Rock Island. The first 1329 was a GP9 built by EMD as serial #25219 on order 5599 in April 1959. That unit is documented on this GP9 page. The second 1329 was a Geep? rebuilt by EMD as serial #26348 on repair order 8069 in November 1960. The second 1329 is described as having 1750 horsepower, some sites carry it as a GP9 and some as a GP18. The Extra 2200 South roster in issue 32 shows 1329 2nd as a GP9 built in November 1960 which is a year past what is considered the end of EMD GP9 production. Whatever the case is this second 1329 is not documented on either the GP9 or GP18 page at this time. The 1329 2nd can either change the end date of EMD GP9 production to November 1960 or add a 406th GP18 to that page. --SSW9389 (talk) 12:33, 6 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Personally, I don't think a single rebuild is enough to change the production history. Original builds and rebuilds are different things, and there is a parameter in the locomotive template for rebuilds. There are multiple reliable sources which state original production ended in 1959. If you are asserting production ended at a different time, please include references stating so with inline citations. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 18:12, 6 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Original production at EMD ended in December 1959. Original production at GMD ended in August 1963. --SSW9389 (talk) 07:59, 7 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Thank you for the clarification. I understand why you'd want the production end date to be in 1963 now. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 18:53, 7 August 2021 (UTC)

 * It was unsourced. A source I found says 1959, so 1959 it is for now. Graywalls (talk) 23:22, 10 August 2021 (UTC)

 * I didn't have this book until last week, but one of my sources (Diesel Locomotives: The First 50 Years, by Louis A. Marre) states that GP9 production did continue in Canada until August 1963. The source in question is already included in the article with the appropriate page numbers elsewhere (it is number 4 on the list of inline citations). It looks like SSW9389 was correct about the production dates, although refused to use proper citations. I think we can finally put this dispute to bed for good. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 00:46, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

Production Numbers and Build Date Dispute
SSW9389, I have told you I concur that production in Canada continued until 1963. However, I cannot verify your modified production number with the sources I have. That doesn't mean the number you are proposing is wrong, but the burden of proof is on you to provide evidence. Regardless, you need to provide inline citations for the information you are changing, as it is disputed. Since you are the one who has access to Extra 2200, and the one who is proposing the change, you are the one who needs to add the citations to the article. Graywalls included a reference in his edit yesterday, and you are reverting his work without providing any references of your own. Mentioning references in edit summaries or on the talk page is not sufficient for verifiability, as most readers will never see those pages. If you provide citations, I don't think anyone will continue to dispute the information you are adding. I don't want to get into an edit war here. I know you are a knowledgeable contributor, all I am asking is that you provide specific citations in the article for your work. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 13:37, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

 * 4107 + 165 = 4272 It's basic addition! --SSW9389 (talk) 13:44, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

 * 4092 + 165 = 4257 which is the North America GP9 total and shows bias to the South America total of 15 units. 4092 + 15 = 4107. --SSW9389 (talk) 13:44, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

 * I am not here to argue about basic addition, and I have no bias towards North American production. The sources I have do not mention any export production. You need to provide references for this information, it's Wikipedia policy. Please review Citing Sources. Provide inline citations for the numbers you are claiming, and this dispute will be over. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 13:47, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Check your North American book for quantities of other EMD production that have export sales. For example the FP9, GP18, GP28, SD9 and SW1200 all have quantities exported. You need to provide documentation that your source is accurate for all production (it's not). You caused this dispute by using incomplete information and claim your source is correct. Everything about GP9 production up to December 1971 is in the cited Extra 2200 South issue #32. --SSW9389 (talk) 18:43, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

 * This is absurd. It is inappropriate to throw blame back at me. I have references with inline citations to support the number I am claiming, and you do not. You need to back up the number you're claiming with an inline citation, not just a general reference. This is not optional. Please take a look at WP:Inline Citation and appropriately cite the production number you are claiming. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 22:57, 11 August 2021 (UTC)

, You can not take something from source A and source B, then come to the conclusion C yourself without a credible source drawing up the conclusion C, per WP:SYN. Wikipedia editor's personal knowledge can not be directly applied anywhere in the article, however personal knowledge is useful for the purpose of knowing what to look for, but verifiability is not optional. If it is removed for citation related reasons it must not be restored without backing it up with sources that meet WP:RS requirements. Graywalls (talk) 15:32, 14 August 2021 (UTC)

 * Can an editor personally enter bias into an article?, because that is what Trainsandotherthings has done. He has introduced North American only bias into the GP9 article. Dr. Marre's book is North American production only and should not be used for articles where export units are known. Is bias optional or is it a given conclusion? --SSW9389 (talk) 12:22, 15 August 2021 (UTC)

 * You are treading dangerously close to personal attacks with that comment. You continue to ignore the requirement that you add an inline citation; until you source your claim, it will continue to be reverted for being unsourced. End of story. Graywalls and I have repeatedly explained this to you and you continue to ignore it in favor of accusing us of bias. I have said multiple times I will not oppose your claim if you back it up with an inline citation. I am not inherently opposed to Extra 2200 South as a source, but you need to use an inline citation. Trainsandotherthings (talk) 13:56, 15 August 2021 (UTC)

 * , if you can not figure out how to do inline, then you should suggest the edit and explain where it is on Extra 2200 South for someone else to edit rather than continuing to make edits yourself that do not conform to requirements. Graywalls (talk) 12:48, 17 August 2021 (UTC)

Original buyers
I removed this section because there was no sources for it. Feel free to add this back if you can find a source. Cutlass Ciera 21:24, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:EMD GP9


text:
American Dream (film)

American Dream is a 1990 British-American cinéma vérité documentary film directed by Barbara Kopple and co-directed by Cathy Caplan, Thomas Haneke, and Lawrence Silk.

The film recounts the unsuccessful 1985–86 Hormel strike in the heartland of the United States against the Hormel Foods corporation.

Synopsis
The film is centered on unionized meatpacking workers at Hormel Foods in Austin, Minnesota between 1985 and 1986. Hormel had cut the hourly wage from $10.69 to $8.25 and cut benefits by 30 percent, despite posting a net profit of $30 million. The local union (P-9) opposed the cut, but the national union, the United Food and Commercial Workers, disagreed with their strategy.

The local union is shown hiring a freelance strike consultant, Ray Rogers, who comes in with charts, graphs and promises of a corporate campaign to draw national press attention. Rogers delivers in the short term, but it is not enough to defeat opposition from Hormel management and the UFCW international union.

Soon, despite the efforts of a seasoned negotiator, Lewie Anderson, sent by the parent union, the company has locked out the workers and hired replacement workers, leading to a series of violent conflicts amongst members of the community. The workers' resolve progressively fades as the battle extends into months and years, and the financial hardships they and their families suffer leads some to doubt the value of their efforts. Eventually, Hormel replaced nearly 80% (over 700 workers) of those who went on strike and leased half of its factory to a company that only paid $6.50.

Kopple, who had previously covered an extended miner's strike in the acclaimed Oscar-winning 1976 documentary Harlan County, USA, focuses on the personalities and emotions behind the strike, creating a highly charged portrait of labor that is sympathetic to the workers' distress without ignoring the strike's greater ambiguities.

American Dream features footage of union meetings and press releases, Hormel press releases, news broadcasts, and in-depth interviews with people on both sides of the issue, including Jesse Jackson.

Exhibition
The film premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 6, 1990. In January 1991 it was screened at the Sundance Film Festival. On March 18, 1992, it opened in New York City.

Critical response
Roger Ebert praised the documentary and its message, and he wrote, "This is the kind of movie you watch with horrified fascination, as families lose their incomes and homes, management plays macho hardball, and rights and wrongs grow hopelessly tangled...The people in this film are so real they make most movie characters look like inhabitants of the funny page."

The Austin Chronicle's film critic Marjorie Baumgarten also appreciated the film, and she wrote, "Kopple's Academy Award-winning documentary American Dream exposes the human cost of Reaganomics...What American Dream wants to learn is: how did this human tragedy happen—at Hormel of all places, a company with a reputation for progressivism? Decades ago it was among the first to furnish its workers with guaranteed annual wages and profit-sharing plans. Generations of family members worked at the plant, taking pride in their products and their relationship to the manufacturing process. The answer the movie presents is Reaganomics, the 'as long as I've got mine, the hell with everyone else' attitude prevalent in the 1980s".

The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported that 100% of critics gave the film a positive review.

Awards
Wins
 * Academy Awards: Oscar; Best Documentary, Barbara Kopple and Arthur Cohn; 1991.
 * International Documentary Association: IDA Award; Barbara Kopple; 1991.
 * Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards: LAFCA Award; Best Documentary; 1991.
 * Sundance Film Festival: Audience Award Documentary; Filmmakers Trophy Documentary; Grand Jury Prize Documentary; all for Barbara Kopple; 1991.
 * Directors Guild of America: DGA Award; Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Documentary/Actuality; Barbara Kopple; 1992.
 * National Society of Film Critics Awards: NSFC Award; Best Documentary; 1993.

title: American Dream (film)


text:
Brad Haddin

Bradley James Haddin (born 23 October 1977), is an Australian former cricketer, vice-captain and coach who represented Australia in all three forms of international cricket. He played domestically for New South Wales as a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper. Haddin was a member of the Australian World cup winning squad at both the 2007 Cricket World Cup the 2015 Cricket World Cup and played for the Sydney Sixers in the Big Bash League.

Domestic and club career
Haddin's family moved to Queanbeyan in 1989 when he was 12 and he played for the Queanbeyan District Cricket Club Juniors to the age of 15 before joining the Australian National University Grade Cricket Club, representing 1st grade at age 16. Haddin was selected in the first ever Mercantile Mutual Cup season of 1997–98 for the ACT Comets, with whom he began his professional cricketing career. In the 1999–2000 season, he began playing for the New South Wales Blues to pursue further cricketing opportunities. Since then, he has produced several memorable batting innings, including a top score of 133 against Victoria. Haddin was signed by Chennai Super Kings in the 2010 IPL. In the 2011 Indian Premier League season, Haddin was contracted by Kolkata Knight Riders for US$325,000.

On 26 September 2012, Haddin scored a century in a Sheffield Shield match against Tasmania at the Bankstown Oval, his first since his century in the first Ashes test against England in November 2010.

In November 2015 Haddin made his return to the ACT Comets for the first time since the 1998–99 season, where he played a Futures League match and made a century in his first innings, ending on 104 off 100 balls, making him only the sixth player to score a century on debut.

Haddin played for Islamabad United in the Pakistan Super League held in the UAE in February 2016. He was retained by United's team management for 2nd season.

International career
In September 2003, Haddin replaced Simon Katich as captain of New South Wales, while Katich was on international duty, and he has since been acting-captain on numerous occasions. He has also captained Australia A. For most of his career Haddin was Australia A wicketkeeper but was drafted into the full squad as back-up wicketkeeper in case Adam Gilchrist was injured or rested. He made his international debut in a one-day international on 30 January 2001 against Zimbabwe in Hobart. He made one stumping and made 13 runs. He was demoted from second choice wicket keeper for Australia in 2001 by Wade Seccombe and later Ryan Campbell, but reclaimed this position in late 2004. He was called up as part of Australia's 2005 Ashes squad but was not used throughout the series.

On 18 September 2006, playing against West Indies at Kuala Lumpur in the DLF Cup, Haddin and Australian captain Mike Hussey put on 165, which at that time was a world-record stand for the sixth wicket in ODIs. After Gilchrist's retirement in early 2008, Haddin finally made his Test debut on 22 May against the West Indies at Kingston, Jamaica, becoming Australia's 400th Test cricketer.

Haddin was involved in a controversy relating to the dismissal of Neil Broom in an ODI between Australia and New Zealand in Perth in February 2009. Broom was given out bowled but replays clearly showed that Haddin's gloves had disturbed the bails. New Zealand captain Daniel Vettori expressed his dissatisfaction with Haddin's actions in not calling Broom back to the wicket. His comment led to an angry retort from Australian captain Ricky Ponting. Ponting defended his teammate saying that Haddin was convinced the ball hit the stumps. On 15 February 2009, Haddin became acting Australian captain for the Twenty20 against New Zealand after Ricky Ponting was rested and Michael Clarke was injured. On 9 March 2010, in the third match of the 2009–10 Chappell-Hadlee One Day International series against New Zealand, Haddin scored his second ODI hundred, hitting 110 off 121 balls opening the Australian innings. He was ruled out of the 2010 ODI series in England due to an elbow injury, which he claims flared up when he smashed that century against New Zealand in March.

On 27 November 2010, in the opening match of The Ashes series 2010–11 at the Gabba, Brisbane, Haddin scored 136, his third test hundred, in a valuable innings that helped Australia to a commanding first innings lead. He went on in the series to collect 360 runs at an average of 45.00. He was dropped for Australia's Twenty20 series against England in January 2011 in favour of Tim Paine, a decision which Haddin said had left him "confused". He retired from T20 internationals in September 2011, to focus on ODIs and Tests. He was axed from the ODI team in January 2012 after a poor 2011 home season. At this point, he remained the first choice wicket-keeper for Australia in Tests, but the emergence of Matthew Wade threatened his place. Inevitably, in October 2012, Haddin was axed from the Test team, making way for Wade, although the national selector John Inverarity stated that Haddin remained a "player of significant interest".

Haddin was recalled to the Australia squad for the 2013 Ashes series, was named as vice-captain and selected as wicketkeeper for the first test. During the series, Haddin set a new record for the most dismissals by a wicketkeeper in a Test series with 29 dismissals, all caught. Haddin was a member of the team which regained Ashes at Perth after four years. He famously said after the win "We've got them back!"

During 2013–14 Ashes series, Haddin became only the second wicket-keeper to hit five half-centuries in a Test series. His total of 493 runs broke the record for most runs in a series by an Australian wicket-keeper. Haddin also scored 118 during the first innings of the Adelaide test, combining in a 200 run partnership with Michael Clarke.

On 15 December 2014, with Cricket Australia pursuing "a longer-term view" in regards to the leadership of the Test Team, a 37-year-old Haddin was replaced permanently as vice-captain by Steve Smith.

Retirement
Haddin retired from ODI cricket in May 2015 after the 2015 Cricket World Cup as part of the winning team.

Haddin's test career was swiftly ended by head coach Lehmann in July during the 2015 Ashes series, after missing the second Test due to his ill daughter. His replacement Peter Nevill was reported as batting and keeping well in his debut Test. Former Australian wicket-keeper Ian Healy called the decision a "harsh call".

He wrote an autobiography entitled My Family Keeper (2013) about his life and his daughter's fight with a form of cancer called neuroblastoma.

He became the ambassador for his home ground, Sydney Cricket Ground (SCG) along with Steve Smith after his retirement. Haddin announced his retirement from international and first class cricket with New South Wales on 9 September 2015.

Coaching career
Haddin was appointed fielding coach for the Australia national cricket team in 2018.

Haddin was appointed as assistant coach for Sunrisers Hyderabad in 2019, working with head coach Trevor Bayliss. In October 2022, Haddin was appointed assistant coach at Punjab Kings, again linking up with Bayliss.

title: Brad Haddin


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jeffrey Vernon Merkey Critics Opinions

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was SPEEDY DELETED. -Doc (?) 19:08, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Jeffrey Vernon Merkey Critics Opinions
POV fork. --fvw *  18:45, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep There is sufficient notabilty concerning Merkeys detractors to warrant a separate page with their opinions.

 * Speedy Delete As page creation vandalism.  Analysis of the wording on the page (i.e. "as part of their propoganda campaign to stop him from releasing a superior operating system and defeating Linux in the Open Source NOS Market" and the posting IP leads me to believe this page was created by Merkey to goad his detractors as well as create a thinly veiled attack page against them.  I know we are supposed to assume good faith, but I call "skunk" when I smell one.--Isotope23 19:01, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy deleted - this is not an article - it is a message board inviting critics to discuss and debate. It is thus an 'article which consists only of attempts to correspond with the person or group named by its title.' By its nature it is disruptive of Wikipedia.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Christopher Edwards

Like I said on the discussion part of the article, this boy has a lot of potential. I would know, I taught him. He's recieved numerous awards and honors, and could end up being famous.


text:
Blessing of Jacob

The Blessing of Jacob is a prophetic poem that appears in Genesis at and mentions each of Jacob's twelve sons. Genesis presents the poem as the words of Jacob to his sons when Jacob is about to die.

Like the Blessing of Moses, Genesis 49 assesses the Tribes of Israel, but there is little in common between the poems, except for describing one of the tribes as a judge, and another as a lion's cub. In the Blessing of Jacob it is Dan that is the judge and Judah the cub, whereas in that of Moses it is Gad that is the judge and Dan the cub.

Unlike Moses, Jacob is not afraid to castigate some of the tribes, in particular, Reuben, Simeon, and Levi. The poem appears to aim to describe why each of the tribes suffered the fate they did, and thus explains the small territory of Reuben, the firstborn, compared to Judah, as being due to Reuben's incest (mentioned at Genesis and 49:3-4). As Simeon's territory was located completely within that of Judah, and Levi only had a few scattered cities, their fates were attributed to their wickedness. Other tribes have an ascribed characteristic, whether it be seafaring or beautiful princesses.

Judah and the Joseph tribes both receive extensive blessings, suited to their pre-eminence, Judah's as the major component of the Kingdom of Judah, and the Joseph tribes, in particular Ephraim, as the pre-eminent group in the Kingdom of Israel. In particular, Joseph is described as mighty, and thus as conquering, but and consequently it arguably suits the southern (i.e. Judah) bias of the source (Jahwist), according to the Documentary hypothesis.

Source criticism
Although presented at face value as a cohesive unit, some scholars claim that some verses came from disparate sources. Verses 10, 25, 26, and probably verse 18, are regarded as interpolations, or in other words, written by another author.

Date of composition
Because the unity of the passage is questionable, it is difficult to determine an exact date of composition. The first to dispute its unity was Ernest Renan (Histoire Générale des Langues Sémitiques, p. iii.); and the conjecture that the song consists of sayings originating in different periods gains more and more credence (J. P. N. Land, Disputatio de Carmine Jacobi, 1857; Kuenen, Holzinger, and others). The great variety of forms in the song supports this theory: while the language of one part is smooth and clear, another part is obscure. The determination of the correctness of this theory involves an investigation of the age of each verse; and in several instances this can not be ascertained, since the verses indicate nothing concerning the time of their origin (see verses on Zebulun, Gad, Asher, and Naphtali). The verses on Issachar refer to the period after the struggles of Deborah (Judges 5); the verses on Dan, describing his battles in the north, where in his conflicts with the surrounding nations he maintained the old Israelitish custom of making an insidious rear attack instead of offering a bold challenge, refer to the time after Judges chapters 17 and following; and the verses on Judah (8, 11) presuppose the kingdom of Judah. The comparison of Judah to a lion's whelp seems to characterize him as a rising power. This may apply to different periods, not necessarily to the time of David.

The verses on Joseph (22–27) allude to a defensive war, in which Joseph was successful. Since the text refers to archers, and the Arabs were excellent marksmen, August Dillmann thinks that the war was with the Arabs. The authors of the Jewish Encyclopedia regard his conjecture as erroneous; for the conflicts with the Arabs were confined to the portion of Manasseh east of the Jordan, and the term "Joseph" designates the portion of the tribe of Joseph dwelling west of the Jordan. The JE states that, moreover, the reference could not have been to the Philistines, by whom the tribe was occasionally subdued, the verse alludes to the Arameans of Damascus, with whom the conflicts were of long duration, often threatening the safety of the tribe of Joseph—that is, of the Northern Kingdom. Verse 24, however, bears no testimony of times following the glorious period of Jeroboam II; consequently the passage on Joseph points to the ninth century. The JE asserts that it was probably in the second half of this century, at all events before the conquests of Jeroboam, and evidently in the Southern Kingdom, that the collection of these pithy descriptions of the tribes was completed. If verses 25 and 26 are interpolations, this is the only interpretation that the JE authors hold would also explain both the esteem felt for Judah, expressed in the passage on him, and the silence concerning the Benjamite kingdom and possibly even the Northern Kingdom.

Dillmann endeavored to arrive at the same conclusion by the supposed sequence in the enumeration of the minor tribes, proceeding from south to north. But this supposition, according to the JE, is not tenable; for the very first tribe mentioned is the most northerly, and, furthermore, the sequence is broken by Gad. However, even if there were an exact geographical succession of tribes from south to north, it would prove nothing concerning the home of the collector of the passages, since the same order would have been natural for an Ephraimite (compare Holzinger ad loc.).

Zimmern's attempt (in "Zeit. für Assyriologie," 1892, pp. 161 et seq.) to connect Jacob's blessing with the Babylonian representation of the zodiac, specifically with the Gilgamesh epic, can not be regarded as successful. Ball has given some important and well-founded arguments against this theory (Commentary on Genesis in "S. B. O. T." pp. 114 et seq.). Zimmern himself does not assume that the poet or collector of the song was aware of the original significance of each passage.

Historically, Jacob's blessing is of the greatest value, both because it is the only source of information for certain of the tribes in ancient times, and because it is an aid in rendering the sources (for example, ) more intelligible.

title: Blessing of Jacob


text:
Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:WikiProject Inclusion

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep. - Mailer Diablo 17:49, 31 October 2005 (UTC) speedy deleted. (Ambi deleted "Wikipedia:WikiProject Inclusion" (an organisation that openly seeks to push a POV has no basis on wikipedia)

WikiProject Inclusion
This is a WikiProject that barely got off the ground, with no talk page, no practical description of what they do, and only two members. No activity for the past couple of months. Its goal seems rather hazy since all WikiProjects are about inclusion one way or the other. They're just more specific. Radiant_ >|< 18:46, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Weak keep only because there is a little too much irony in having this page up for deletion. The AIW is active enough that I could envision this waking up. Xoloz 15:18, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, while all of the nominator's comments are true, I don't see what they have to do with deleting this page. Christopher Parham (talk) 08:00, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep This is a relatively new project. It is not yet fully organized, however it needs time to grow. In fact, this nomination itself illustrates the obsession of the deletionist campaign. Canadianism 19:06, 21 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I trust we all appreciate the irony of an inclusionist project page appearing on AfD? Radagast 03:14, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, because we need to keep those darn deletionists in line somehow! ;-) GreenReaper 05:30, 23 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: It seems that this WikiProject's goals are being carried out at Association of Inclusionist Wikipedians. Is the "local chapter" really needed on the English Wikipedia since the Meta-Wiki Association involves only English-speaking Wikipeidans? I'm undecided. It would be a shame to delete WikiProject Inclusion. Then again, the project is redundant. After all, I'm a Wikipedian Who Dislikes Making Broad Judgements About the Worthiness of a General Category of Article, and Who Is In Favor of the Deletion of Some Particularly Bad Articles, but That Doesn't Mean He is a Deletionist. This is a tough decision. --TantalumTelluride 18:53, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Butter

Etymology expansion
Please expand the etymology section. I noticed that while the French and Italian words for butter can be traced to their Greek and Latin origins, the ones in Portuguese and Spanish can not. And German matches butter perfectly despite not being a Romance language. Alphapeta (talk) 01:06, 6 July 2023 (UTC)

 * The etymology section is about the English name. Wikipedia is not a multilingual dictionary, although it wouldn't be out of place to discuss where the names for butter in different languages come from if there's something interesting to say (with a reliable source, of course). You can always consult wiktionary for Spanish and Portuguese. The names in many languages seem to come from older words meaning 'fat' or 'cow fat'. --Macrakis (talk) 01:23, 6 July 2023 (UTC)

reference health
somehting wrong with reference 95? On health concerns of butter. If someone could also explain what was wrong to avoid future mistakes. thank you Psixtras (talk) 22:26, 29 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Butter


text:
Glomera

Glomera is a genus of orchids (family Orchidaceae), with more than 130 species. They are native to Laos, Indonesia, the Philippines, New Guinea and Melanesia.

The genera Ischnocentrum Schltr. and Sepalosiphon Schltr. are synonyms of this genus.

Species

 * Glomera acicularis Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera acuminata J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera acutiflora (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera adenandroides (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera adenocarpa (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera affinis J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera albiviridis P.Royen (1979)
 * Glomera amboinensis (Ridl.) J.J.Sm. (1908)
 * Glomera angiensis J.J.Sm. (1917)
 * Glomera asperata Schltr. (1922)
 * Glomera aurea Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera bambusiformis Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera bismarckiensis J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera bougainvilleana Ormerod (1995)
 * Glomera brachychaete (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera brevipetala J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera calocephala Schltr. (1921)
 * Glomera carnea J.J.Sm. (1910)
 * Glomera carolinensis L.O.Williams (1939)
 * Glomera celebica (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera compressa J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera confusa J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera conglutinata J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera cyatheicola P.Royen (1979)
 * Glomera dekockii J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera dentifera J.J.Sm. (1908)
 * Glomera dependens (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera diosmoides (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera dischorensis (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera distichifolia Ormerod (1996)
 * Glomera dubia J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera elegantula (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1908)
 * Glomera emarginata Kores (1989)
 * Glomera ericifolia Ridl. (1916)
 * Glomera erythrosma Blume (1825)
 * Glomera flaccida (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera flammula Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera fransseniana J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera fruticula J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera fruticulosa Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera fusca (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1934)
 * Glomera gamosepalata P.Royen (1979)
 * Glomera geelvinkensis J.J.Sm. (1915)
 * Glomera glomeroides (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera goliathensis J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera graminifolia Schltr. (1922)
 * Glomera grandiflora J.J.Sm. (1910)
 * Glomera hamadryas (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1908)
 * Glomera hubrechtiana J.J.Sm. (1929)
 * Glomera hunsteiniana (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1934)
 * Glomera imitans (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera inconspicua J.J.Sm. (1935)
 * Glomera inflata (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1934)
 * Glomera jabiensis J.J.Sm. (1915)
 * Glomera kaniensis Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera kanke P.Royen (1979)
 * Glomera keytsiana J.J.Sm. (1913)
 * Glomera lancipetala J.J.Sm. (1928)
 * Glomera latilinguis J.J.Sm. (1910)
 * Glomera latipetala (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera ledermannii (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1934)
 * Glomera leucomela (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera longa (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera longicaulis J.J.Sm. (1915)
 * Glomera macdonaldii (Schltr.) Ames (1933)
 * Glomera macrantha J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera macrophylla Schltr. (1922)
 * Glomera manicata J.J.Sm. (1910)
 * Glomera melanocaulon Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera merrillii Ames 1914)
 * Glomera microphylla J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera minutigibba J.J.Sm. (1929)
 * Glomera montana Rchb.f. (1876)
 * Glomera myrtillus (Schltr.) Schuit. & de Vogel (2003)
 * Glomera nana (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera neohibernica Schltr. (1905)
 * Glomera nigrilimbata P.Royen (1979)
 * Glomera obovata (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera obtusa Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera oligantha Schltr. (1919)
 * Glomera palustris J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera parviflora J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera patens Schltr. (1922)
 * Glomera pensilis (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera pilifera (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1908)
 * Glomera platypetala Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera pleiotricha J.J.Sm. (1929)
 * Glomera plumosa J.J.Sm. (1928)
 * Glomera polychaete (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera pseudomonanthos Ormerod (2005)
 * Glomera pteropetala (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1934)
 * Glomera pullei J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera pumilio J.J.Sm. (1928)
 * Glomera pungens (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera retusa J.J.Sm. (1910)
 * Glomera retusimentum J.J.Sm. (1935)
 * Glomera rhombea J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera rigidula J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera rubroviridis J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera saccosepala J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera salicornioides J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera salmonea J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera scandens J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera schlechteriana Mansf. (1929)
 * Glomera schultzei Schltr. (1922)
 * Glomera secunda J.J.Sm. (1928)
 * Glomera sepalosiphon Schuit. & de Vogel (2003)
 * Glomera similis J.J.Sm. (1917)
 * Glomera sororia J.J.Sm. (1917)
 * Glomera squamulosa (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1908)
 * Glomera stenocentron (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera subeciliata J.J.Sm. (1929)
 * Glomera sublaevis J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera subpetiolata Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera subracemosa J.J.Sm. (1910)
 * Glomera subulata (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera subuliformis J.J.Sm. (1910)
 * Glomera tamiana J.J.Sm. (1934)
 * Glomera tenuis (Rolfe) J.J.Sm. (1913)
 * Glomera terrestris J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera torricellensis Schltr. (1905
 * Glomera transitoria J.J.Sm. (1913)
 * Glomera triangularis J.J.Sm. (1911)
 * Glomera uniflora J.J.Sm. (1908)
 * Glomera verrucifera Schltr. (1912)
 * Glomera verrucosissima (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1934)
 * Glomera verruculosa (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)
 * Glomera versteegii J.J.Sm. (1914)
 * Glomera viridis (Schltr.) J.J.Sm. (1912)

title: Glomera


text: Category:Synagogues in Canada

title: Category:Synagogues in Canada


text:
Desi Williams

Desi Williams is a former professional rugby league footballer born in London, England. He started his career at London Skolars before being signed by Wigan Warriors, and playing in the successful Youth Academy at Wigan in which he was a regular player, normally starting on the Wing.

Desi was taken to Sydney, Australia to play in the successful England U18s team that defeated the Australian Under 18's side. He was given his chance in the first team at Wigan Warriors in 2004. After a decent first game he was criticised for his bad performance a week later against Castleford Tigers in which he dropped numerous high balls in dangerous territory and was subsequently dropped the week later.

Desi never made another first team appearance for Wigan again under Ian Millward despite some successful appearances in the Under 21s. He eventually left the Wigan outfit to try his luck at National League One side Hull Kingston Rovers. Desi made a handful of appearances for the Robins before being loaned out to National League One strugglers Oldham but was unable to stop the Roughyeds from avoiding the drop from the National League One this season.

title: Desi Williams