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Peter Crane

Sir Peter Crane (born 18 July 1954) is the current President of the Oak Spring Garden Foundation and Senior Research Scientist in the School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University. In addition to his work in leading and developing educational and natural history organizations, including the Field Museum in Chicago and the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, he has had a long career as a professor and researcher in both the U.K. and the United States. He is best known for his work on the origin and early evolution of flowering plants (angiosperms) based on studies of the plant fossil record. His popular writing includes Ginkgo: The Tree That Time Forgot, a book that traces the evolution and cultural history of Ginkgo biloba to the present day.

Personal life and education
Peter Crane was born in Kettering, Northamptonshire in the United Kingdom. He attended Kettering Grammar School where he developed a strong interest in local history and archaeology as well as plants, and the University of Reading, where he received his B.Sc. in Botany, with honors, in 1975. He received his Ph.D. in Botany from Reading in 1981, having also served on the faculty there from 1978 with his thesis, "Studies on the Flora of the Reading Beds (Upper Palaeocene)."

Crane is married with two children, a daughter and son.

Career
Peter Crane has held positions at the University of Reading (1978-1981), the Field Museum (1982-1999), the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (1999-2006), the University of Chicago (2006-2009), Yale University (2009-2016) and the Oak Spring Garden Foundation (2016–present), among others. He has also held visiting or part-time positions at universities and museums around the world. The following section discusses some of his professional accomplishments in more detail.

The Field Museum of Natural History
Crane spent about 17 years working at the Field Museum of Natural History. Following a postdoctoral research position at Indiana University, Bloomington, Crane began in the Field Museum's Geology department as assistant curator of paleobotany. From 1982 to 1992, he held a variety of curatorial positions in the department of geology. Following a brief period as a vice-president of the museum, Crane became director of the Field Museum in 1995. His tenure as Director of the Field Museum saw strengthening of the museum's programs in collections and research as well as the creation of two cross departmental units, the Center for Cultural Understanding and Change, and the Office of Environmental and Conservation Programs. His time as Director also included the acquisition of "Sue," a well-preserved and almost complete Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton. Sue has since become an iconic fixture at the Field Museum.

The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
In 1999, Crane left the Field Museum to become director and chief executive of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Crane sought to better connect the conservation and botanical work at Kew with the public side of the institution. Crane's time at Kew included the attainment of UNESCO World Heritage site status and an embrace of digital technology, as well as an increase in the presence of seasonal themes and festivals that helped increase visitor attendance. His tenure at Kew saw increased visitation, both at Kew and also at Wakehurst Place, and a strengthening emphasis on the importance of biodiversity and the world of plants for the future of people.

The University of Chicago
Upon taking the position at Kew, Crane had said that he would not spend the rest of his career there. True to his word, Crane left Kew in 2006 to return to the United States, taking a University Professorship at the University of Chicago. Crane spent three years at the University of Chicago.

Yale University
Crane became the dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies (FES) in 2009 (succeeding James Speth). His arrival coincided with the rippling effects of the late 2008 Great Recession, and Crane played an important role in stabilizing the school's finances. Among his many other duties, he was involved in a variety of projects to provide student financial support and to increase student involvement in research. He also forged connections with other graduate programs (including the Yale School of Management). Crane also recruited several new scholars to the school and sought to strengthen programs supporting diversity and inclusion. In regards to research, Crane worked to increase research collaboration within the school.

=== Oak Spring Garden Foundation === In June 2016, Crane moved to northern Virginia to lead The Oak Spring Garden Foundation, a nascent nonprofit founded by the landscape designer and fashion icon Rachel "Bunny" Lambert Mellon. Located on part of the Mellons' former Virginia estate, called Oak Spring, the Foundation's mission is to "support and inspire fresh thinking and bold action on the history and future of plants, including the art and culture of plants, gardens and landscapes." Containing Bunny Mellon's gardens and rare book library, the Oak Spring Garden Foundation supports research and scholarship relating to the diversity and future of plants; the art of plants, gardens, and landscapes. Crane is the inaugural president of the Foundation.

Research and publications
Peter Crane's research interests include:

 * 1) Large-scale patterns and processes of plant evolution, plant paleontology.
 * 2) Integrated paleobotanical and neobotanical studies of plant diversity and evolution.
 * 3) Conservation of plant diversity, including crop diversity.
 * 4) Strategic planning for collections-based not-for-profit organizations, especially museums and botanical gardens.

As well as numerous scientific and popular articles, Crane has written Ginkgo: The Tree That Time Forgot, been an editor for peer-reviewed journals such as Paleobiology and The Botanical Review of the Linnaean Society, and contributed as editor to multiple volumes on the evolution and conservation of plants. He also co-wrote two major books on plant evolution. The first, written with Paul Kenrick, is titled: The Origin and Diversification of Land Plants. The second, written with Else Marie Friis and Kaj Pedersen in 2011, is titled Early Flowers and Angiosperm Evolution.

Honors and awards
He is a fellow of the Royal Society (1998), a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, a foreign associate of the United States National Academy of Sciences (2001), a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (2002), and a Member of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina (German National Academy of Sciences, 2004). He was awarded a knighthood on 12 June 2004 in the 2004 Birthday Honours for services to horticulture and conservation. In 2014 he was awarded the International Prize for Biology. In 2024 he was awarded the Darwin-Wallace medal by the Linnean Society.

He is the recipient of several honorary degrees including from Sewanee: The University of the South and the University of Connecticut in the United States, and the University of Kingston, the University of Portsmouth and Cambridge University in the UK.

title: Peter Crane


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File:Loser (Beck song - sample).ogg

Summary
"Loser", from Beck's Mellow Gold

Licensing:
According to section 107 of the United States Copyright Act of 1976:

The fair use of a copyrighted work...for purposes such as criticism, comment,...scholarship...is not an infringement of copyright.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: File:Loser (Beck song - sample).ogg


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Bracket (band)

Bracket is an American rock band from Forestville, California formed in 1992. The lineup consists of lead vocalist and guitarist Marty Gregori, bassist and backing vocalist Zack Charlos, drummer Ray Castro, and guitarist and backing vocalist Angelo Celli, who replaced Larry Tinney in 1998. Bracket has issued numerous albums, EPs and singles since its inception, including many releases for Caroline Records and Fat Wreck Chords. Their sound could most easily be described as power pop influenced punk rock with a continued focus on vocal harmonies.

Bracket emerged during the pop punk resurgence of the early 1990s and released its first two albums 924 Forestville St. (1994) and 4-Wheel Vibe (1995) on Caroline Records. Following a staff shake-up, the label dropped the group and cancelled the release of its third album Like You Know in 1996. Bracket's next two albums Novelty Forever (1997) and When All Else Fails (2000) were put out by Fat Wreck Chords, who had previously issued 7-inch vinyl for the band. Having completed multiple tours of the United States and trips to Canada, Europe and Japan throughout their career, Bracket released Live in a Dive (2002) which gathered some of the band's best-known material into one performance. After building their own studio, the group took several years to write, record and self-produce its sixth album Requiem (2006), released by Takeover Records. Bracket began work on a new album in 2011, detailing each stage of the recording process on its official Facebook page. Like You Know and the three volume rarities collection Rare Cuts were issued as digital downloads in 2013 to help fund the band's upcoming projects. Bracket's seventh studio album, Hold Your Applause was released in August 2014.August 2016 saw the release of Bracket's eighth full-length album, The Last Page. The 70 minute album consisted of one “song”, the 28th installment of their “Warren’s Song” series. The band recorded nearly 100 short fragments of songs, with the intention of piecing them together to create the 70 minute “Warren’s Song Pt. 28”. Bracket completed work on their ninth studio album in late 2018, with a release planned for early 2019.

Background
In the late 1980s while attending El Molino High in Forestville, California, friends Marty Gregori and Larry Tinney bonded over a mutual admiration for rock band AC/DC and began teaching each other guitar chords. After joining up with schoolmates Zack Charlos and Ray Castro they formed High Output, an early incarnation of the band that would later become known as Bracket. During these initial stages, the group played cover songs by Tom Petty, Creedence Clearwater Revival and the Rolling Stones, with its earliest performances appearing at weddings, bar mitzvahs and high school parties. In the fall of 1991, Gregori and Charlos penned their first original song, "Why Should Eye", just before relocating to Los Angeles where they made an attempt at starting a new project. Following an unsuccessful two months, Charlos moved back home and reconnected with Tinney and Castro. Gregori stayed behind for another year but continued to exchange song ideas with Tinney through telephone answering machine messages.

Early years and Caroline era (1992–1996)
When frontman Marty Gregori returned to Forestville in 1992, the quartet regrouped under the name Bracket after choosing the word at random from the dictionary. The band played shows across the Bay Area on a frequent basis and self-released The Giant Midget E.P. in 1993, exhibiting a pop punk sound they would continue to build upon. Their first album 924 Forestville St. was released in May 1994 through Caroline Records, a label that had previously issued debuts by a wide range of alternative rock acts including Hole, the Smashing Pumpkins, Wax and White Zombie. The album's title is likely a tongue-in-cheek reference combining the name of longtime punk rock establishment 924 Gilman Street with the band's nearby hometown of Forestville. Sessions were held at Prairie Sun Studios in Cotati, California with producer Joe Marquez. The album included the first installment of tracks to be named after bassist Zack Charlos' childhood friend Warren Rake ("Warren's Song, Pt. 1" and "Warren's Song, Pt. 2"), a theme that has remained consistent throughout the band's career.

After a request to release 7-inch vinyl was turned down by Caroline, Bracket began issuing the format on Fat Wreck Chords during the interim between albums. The band's singles Bs. and Stinky Fingers were both released by Fat in 1994 with cover art that parodied Pearl Jam's Vs. and the Rolling Stones' Sticky Fingers respectively. Their song "2RAK005" was featured on the budget compilation Fat Music for Fat People, which not only brought the track increased exposure but also helped introduce the group to a wider audience. Bracket released 4-Wheel Vibe in May 1995, its second album for Caroline Records produced by Don Fleming. The album expanded on the pop punk style of their debut while beginning to showcase a wider range of songwriting, later described by Fat Wreck Chords as "catchy, quirky, guitar driven power noise pop." 4-Wheel Vibe was promoted with continued touring, a prestigious John Peel Session and music videos for "Trailer Park" and "Circus Act".

Bracket promptly returned to the studio in the spring of 1996 to complete its third album Like You Know at Prairie Sun with Marquez returning to the controls. The month-long session would play a pivotal role in the band's development, hinting at later experimentation and deviation from the confines of pop punk. While augmenting their sound with wurlitzer, vintage guitar effects and percussive toys, help was enlisted from studio musicians (including a string quartet, horn section, keyboardist and pedal steel player) whose subtle contributions added depth to the recordings. After a catalog number was assigned and promotional albums were distributed, a change in staff at Caroline resulted in Bracket being dropped from the label and Like You Know was shelved. Five songs from the album were remixed and released subsequently on the F Is for Fat EP. In November 1996, Bracket issued E Is for Everything on Fat Wreck Chords, which compiled previously released vinyl material.

Fat Wreck Chords albums (1997–2002)
While preparing for its next album, Bracket toured the United States with a variety of acts including NOFX, SNFU, Tilt, the Smoking Popes, MxPx and Everclear. In March 1997, their cover of "867-5309/Jenny" appeared on Before You Were Punk, a tribute album for Vagrant Records. Having already traveled throughout the US, Canada and Europe, the band visited Japan for performances with Husking Bee and Sprocket Wheel in July 1997. Although Bracket had been issuing vinyl on Fat Wreck Chords since 1994, their first studio album for the label didn't transpire until the September 1997 release of Novelty Forever, co-produced by Ryan Greene and Fat Mike at Motor Studios in San Francisco. With its unconventional chord progressions and harmonized vocals on full display, the album featured noticeably polished production as compared to earlier outings. Album track "Sour" exhibited the band's keen sense of power pop and was later included on the Physical Fatness compilation in November of that year.

Novelty Forever would be the last album to include guitarist Larry Tinney who met his second wife following a tour stop in Washington, eventually leaving Bracket. Due to his indefinite departure and the remaining members eagerness to continue working on music, they began considering the possibility of a replacement. During this transitional period, Gregori was approached by his younger cousin Angelo Celli who presented the band with a self-recorded 4-track cassette of himself playing Bracket songs on guitar while both singing and providing vocal harmonies to them. The group quickly realized Celli would make an ideal bandmate and he joined officially in 1998. Bracket appeared along with the Fastbacks at the annual Noise Pop Festival in February 1999, having previously performed at the event from 1994 to 1997. Later that year, the remaining tracks from Like You Know were contributed to a split EP with Humble Beginnings on Too Hep Records. The band played multiple shows along the West Coast in early 2000 with labelmates No Use for a Name, Good Riddance and the Mad Caddies.

Bracket returned to Motor Studios with Greene reprising his role as producer and completed When All Else Fails, their second full-length for Fat Wreck Chords and fifth album overall, released in May 2000. While the band continued to mature beyond its pop punk contemporaries, their album seamlessly picked up where the expansive Novelty Forever left off and included a return appearance from Fat Mike who co-wrote and supplied guitar on "No Brainer". Despite generally positive reviews upon release, Bracket felt the two-week recording session for When All Else Fails was rushed and lacked many vocal embellishments they had planned yet didn't get a chance to incorporate. Gregori later explained he was proud of the songs but thought the album sounded unfinished. The leadoff track "Everyone Is Telling Me I'll Never Win, If I Fall in Love with a Girl From Marin" was featured on More RPM's Than Floyd on a Scooter, a free sampler used to promote releases from Fat and its subsidiaries Honest Don's and Pink and Black.

In February 2002, Bracket issued Live in a Dive, the second installment in a series of live albums for Fat Wreck Chords which also included releases by No Use for a Name, Swingin' Utters and Lagwagon, among others. The performance was recorded on August 14, 1999, when Bracket appeared in support of Tilt at Bottom of the Hill in San Francisco. Under the guidance of Fat Mike, the band organized a set that culled material from all its existing studio albums and tracks found on the Live Fat, Die Young and Short Music for Short People compilations. The insert for Live in a Dive contained a comic book story written by Bracket with artwork from John Estes, Kevin Cross and Rick Remender. Additionally, CD versions featured an enhanced portion with interview segments and music videos.

Requiem and the Good Life Crisis (2003–2009)
Bracket spent the next several years writing and recording at Trailer Park Studios, which was built by drummer Ray Castro with help from the other band members, inside an abandoned trailer on the Gregori family property. Enjoying a newfound sense of freedom, the band took its time to produce, engineer and mix the sessions themselves. While pushing the boundaries further on their unique brand of pop punk, Bracket completed an album that combined lush vocal harmonies reminiscent of the Beach Boys with the straightforward songwriting characteristics of the Descendents. Initially intended for release on Fat Wreck Chords, the band's finished sixth album Requiem was rejected by their longtime label. The group ultimately settled on releasing the ambitious concept album of sorts through Takeover Records in February 2006. Stewart Mason of AllMusic described Requiem as "wide-ranging and immensely tuneful ... with some delightful psychedelic and sunshine pop touches." The album was similarly praised by Razorcake who called it "a seventeen-movement rock 'n' roll symphony", while Exclaim.ca writer Stuart Green declared, "This could be the punk rock equivalent of Pet Sounds", noting, "it's what Jawbreaker might have sounded like if Brian Wilson had produced 24 Hour Revenge Therapy." Requiem consisted exclusively of "Warren's Song, Pt. 10" through "Warren's Song, Pt. 26", however the tracks didn't appear in succession. Unlike previous studio albums, the band declined to tour behind its release.

After Castro moved to Denver, Colorado for a job relocation, Bracket became less active. With the other members remaining in California, they formed the Good Life Crisis in 2007. This bluegrass influenced side project included Gregori playing ukulele, Charlos playing acoustic guitar and Celli playing mandolin. That same year the trio began performing locally, with sets that consisted of original material, Bracket tracks and occasional cover songs by the Beatles, Nirvana, NOFX and Tenacious D. Before work on the next Bracket album eventually commenced, the Good Life Crisis had released songs through its MySpace and YouTube pages but a physical release was never issued under this moniker. In December 2009, Bracket appeared on Wrecktrospective, a three-disc compilation celebrating the twentieth anniversary of Fat Wreck Chords.

Digital albums and Hold Your Applause (2010–present)
Bracket began hinting towards the possibility of a new album on its official Facebook page in February 2010, but the members had yet to reconvene until later that year. Following some advance preparation, the band (along with Tinney guesting on select tracks) played a one-off show in Marin County on November 26, 2010. Bracket announced plans for a seventh studio album in June 2011. They posted regular updates to Facebook over the next several years which detailed each stage of the recording process and also expressed interest in self-releasing the new material. After lying unreleased for 17 years, Bracket issued its lost third album Like You Know as a digital download through their Bandcamp page on January 7, 2013. This marked the first time the songs would officially appear together with their original sequencing and mixes. They also released the rarities collection Rare Cuts (in three separate installments) which included compilation tracks, B-sides, demo recordings and alternate versions of songs spanning their entire catalog. The sale of these digital only releases helped to finance their home recording sessions and a physical format pressing of the upcoming album. Requiem was made available for free streaming on the band's Bandcamp page in October 2013. The new album Hold Your Applause was released in August 2014, while progress continues on an additional forthcoming album. On June 30, 2016, Bracket announced a release date of August 5 and unveiled the cover for their next album, titled The Last Page. The album will consist of the lone track "Warren's Song Part 28" and will clock in at over 70 minutes long. This is Bracket's eighth full-length album, and their first since 2014's Hold Your Applause.

Band members

 * Current members
 * Marty Gregori – lead vocals, guitars (1992–present)
 * Zack Charlos – bass guitar, backing vocals (1992–present)
 * Ray Castro – drums, percussion (1992–present)
 * Angelo Celli – guitars, backing vocals (1998–present)

 * Former members
 * Larry Tinney – guitars (1992–1998)

Studio albums

 * a Limited CD release; officially released in 2013.
 * b CS released by Stray Cat & Chocolate Shake Records.
 * c LP released by Head2Wall Records.

Singles

 * a Single from the album 924 Forestville St. (1994).
 * b Non-album single; later released on E Is for Everything on Fat Wreck Chords (1996).
 * c Single from the album 4-Wheel Vibe (1995).

Music videos

 * a Released on the Fat Wreck Chords video compilation Peepshow.

Other appearances
The following is a list of Bracket songs that have appeared on compilations, including samplers and tributes.

title: Bracket (band)


text: User talk:128.220.251.100

title: User talk:128.220.251.100


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Hazzard County (play)

Hazzard County is a full-length comedy-drama, written by Allison Moore, which premiered in 2005 at the Humana Festival of New American Plays.

The story centers on a young widowed mother and a visit she receives from a big city television producer. Interspersed with recollections of Bo, Luke, and Daisy, the play takes a deep look at southern "Good Ole Boy" culture and its popularization through the lens of American mass media

Characters

 * Ruth - Widow, almost 30. White.
 * Quinn - Ruth's son, eight
 * Quintin - Ruth's daughter, eight
 * Camille - Ruth's Cousin, older, hardened.
 * Blake - 30 -35, TV producer from Los Angeles, of indeterminate heritage

The Monologues
Note: The following characters are sometimes played by Quinn and Quintin.
 * Chad - young, white, from an outer-ring suburb of Atlanta, GA.
 * Jessica - 20's white, from Manitoba, Canada.
 * Tim - 40's, white, professional from Kansas City
 * Martin - 30's-50's, white, Ivy League professor
 * Jeffery - 30's, white, urban professional, native of South Carolina, transplanted to Providence, RI
 * Cherilynne - 60's, white, gracious southern lady.

Setting
A rural town in Kentucky, present day.

Synopsis
Ruth, a young widow has recently been thrown out of her home. She is unable (or unwilling) to access the trust fund set up after her husband's (Michael) death. The story of her husband's murder comes out after meeting Blake, a producer from LA. Blake sees this as the story that will help him break into the bigtime - "The story of a young woman, doing the right thing under impossible circumstances." However the story becomes less clear cut as more information about the murder is revealed. The killers were black, the money in the trust fund may have come from white supremacist groups, and Michael was flying a Confederate flag on his truck the night he was shot. The question is raised - "Whose civil rights were violated first?" as we follow Ruth, her children, and the rest of the cast down a memory lane speckled with stereotypes.

Themes
This play is based on a true story. In 1995, Michael Westerman was shot in his truck near Guthrie, Kentucky. He was, at the time, flying a Confederate flag on the back of his truck. Later, he was declared a martyr by the Sons of Confederate Veterans - "First man to die under the flag in 130 years." When asked about the flag, the shooter responded "I thought it was just the 'Dukes of Hazzard' sign."

title: Hazzard County (play)


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Victor Civita

Victor Civita (February 9, 1907 - August 24, 1990) was an Italian-Brazilian journalist and publisher. His family emigrated from Italy to New York in 1938 following passage of the Race Law.

In 1949 Civita relocated his family to Brazil, where he established the publishing house Editora Abril in São Paulo, which developed into Grupo Abril, one of the largest publishing houses in the country.

Early life and education
Civita was born in New York, to Italian parents Vittoria Carpi and Carlo Civita (his mother was an opera singer and his father a businessman). The family returned to Italy, settling in Milan, where Victor grew up with his older brother César and younger brother Daniel. Their father was Jewish.

After school and college, Victor followed his older brother into the publishing business. In 1938 the extended family of parents, grown sons and their families, all left Italy because of enactment of the Race Laws against Jews under the Fascist government of Benito Mussolini. They were considered Jewish because of their father. Victor had married Sylvana, a native of Rome. They had two boys, Roberto and Richard.

Career
The extended family lived in New York for a couple of years. His parents and César and his family moved to Argentina. In 1941 his older brother César established the publishing house of Editorial Abril in Buenos Aires. By the 1960s it published nine magazines.

Brazil
In 1949 Civita took his family from New York to São Paulo, where he founded Editora Abril the following year. Civita developed this into Grupo Abril, one of the largest publishing houses in Brazil.

When launching his first magazine published in Brazil, Civita reportedly personally attached placards to city streetcars, which read: "Donald Duck has arrived", showing his intention to connect to United States culture.

Civita was noted for promoting collaboration with the company's employees on goals and work processes. He died in São Paulo, aged 83.

His son, Roberto Civita (9 August 1936 – 26 May 2013), worked in the company and later became the Chairman of the Board and Editorial Director of the Abril Group.

title: Victor Civita


text: User talk:80.111.237.239

title: User talk:80.111.237.239


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User:Kurochka

Pavel, 17 January 1979, financial manager. Interests: chess, listening to electronic music, especially DI.fm; science, especially modern physics (string theory) and astronomy (space exploration), bowling.

ru:User:Kurochka

title: User:Kurochka


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/DERI

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete -- Jitse Niesen (talk) 23:18, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

DERI
First person advertising that reads like it was copied directly from a mission statement, with all the buzzwording and incomprehensibility that entails. Delete. -- Antaeus Feldspar 19:39, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete if it is nn, cleanup otherwise. it says "our", which for my money should never appear in an encyclopedia. --CastAStone 20:04, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Copyvio from . I'd have put that on the article except for all the tags it already has.  Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk   21:45, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/DERI


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Kurt Jackson

Kurt Jackson (born 21 September 1961) is a British painter whose large canvases reflect a concern with natural history, ecology and environmental issues.

Born in Blandford, Dorset, the son of two painters, he developed an early interest in natural history and landscape. He studied zoology at St Peter's College, Oxford, but spent most of his time attending classes at The Ruskin School of Drawing and Fine Art or painting in the countryside around Oxford. In 1984 he and his wife Caroline Jackson moved to Cornwall; currently (2014), he lives and works near St Just, Penwith.

He paints in mixed media, drawing inspiration from the Cornish landscape around Penwith and elsewhere in Britain and abroad. Appearances on British television include 'Kurt Jackson, A Picture of Cornwall' BBC1 South West, 2005 and 'Kurt Jackson, A Picture of the South West', BBC3, 2005. In January 2021, he was featured in two television programmes, an episode of Rick Stein’s Cornwall on BBC and the opening episode of Cornwall and Devon Walks with Julia Bradbury on ITV.

He has been Artist in Residence on the Greenpeace ship Esperanza, at the Eden Project and at Glastonbury Festival since 1999. He has an Honorary Doctorate (DLitt) from Exeter University and is an Honorary Fellow of St Peter's College, Oxford University. He is an ambassador for Survival International and frequently works with Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace, WaterAid, Oxfam, Surfers Against Sewage and Cornwall Wildlife Trust. He is an academician of the Royal West of England Academy.

The majority of Jackson's work reflects his commitment to the environment and the natural world within Cornwall, although he also works elsewhere in Britain and mainland Europe; recent projects include bodies of work on the Thames, the Avon, the Forth, Ardnamurchan and the Glastonbury Festival series. His paintings frequently carry small commentaries on the scene depicted and show a fascination particularly with the detail of plants and animals within an overall ecology and evoke a calm, spiritual and warm relationship with the landscape, even of apparently bleak scenes. His work has been described as "uplifting" and "transporting". To quote Robert Macfarlane "the bristling of landscape is Kurt Jackson's subject as an artist, and his brilliance as an artist lies in the success with which he represents his subject."

title: Kurt Jackson


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Farkhor Air Base

Farkhor Air Base is a military air base located near the town of Farkhor in Tajikistan, 130 km southeast of the capital Dushanbe. It was planned to be operated by the Indian Air Force in collaboration with the Tajik Air Force. Farkhor is India's first military base outside its territory.

History
In 1996–97, the Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) started negotiations with Tajikistan to use the Farkhor Air Base to transport high-altitude military supplies to the Afghan Northern Alliance, service their helicopters and gather intelligence. At that time, India operated a small military hospital in the Farkhor region. The hospital at Farkhor was used to treat Afghan Northern Alliance members injured in fighting with the Taliban, including military leader Ahmed Shah Massoud, who was rushed there after a suicide attack against him.

In 2002, India acknowledged that it was setting up an air base in Farkhor. It was secured with assistance from Russia. The airbase was in a dilapidated condition and was not used since the 1980s. The Indian Government awarded a $10 million tender to a private builder in 2003 to restore the airbase by 2005.

After the builder defaulted, the Border Roads Organisation stepped in to complete the work. In 2006, India was considering deploying a squadron of Mikoyan MiG-29 aircraft at the base. Subsequently the base was operationalized by 2007.

Strategic location and geopolitical implications
The Farkhor Air Base would have given the Indian Armed Forces more depth and range and is a tangible manifestation of India's move to project its power in Central Asia.

title: Farkhor Air Base


text:
Talk:Chess annotation symbols

Position evaluation symbols
I'm (as a chess-notation-illiterate reader) confused by the various symbols for advantages. If "+/− (−/+): Advantage" is normally written ± and "the other similar symbols are written in that style too"... what do the other symbols (particularly "+- (-+)") "actually" look like? And why the parenthesized alternate forms? Conkle (talk) 00:02, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Answered on user's talk page. Bubba73 (talk), 02:23, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your response. (Incidentally, after reading WP:TP I realized I improperly top-posted... I apologize!)  I should have been more straightforward: I meant only to point out that the section in question is ambiguous and confusing to a non-expert suddenly confronted with a list of very similar symbols.  I asked a few of the questions that arose in my mind (and presumably in others' as well) as a example, not as a personal request for information.  I apologize for adding my own ambiguity to the world!  Conkle (talk) 03:06, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Well, "±" seems to be the only one of those that is fairly commonly available in a character set. But you can see how "+/-" translates to that, and imagine the others.  Bubba73 (talk), 03:19, 13 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Nevertheless, the text as it stood seemed unclear; I've clarified that ± means White advantage and ∓ Black. 91.105.42.143 (talk) 17:21, 16 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Are there similar characters for +/= and =/+? Bubba73 (You talkin' to me?), 06:38, 17 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Yes, there are, and they belong here. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 46.115.147.9 (talk) 19:45, 21 September 2014 (UTC)

 * RE: Character sets- can you perhaps provide images for symbols shown as ∓? Not sure what symbols are missing since I can't see them. Several within 'Other Symbols' appear as such (at least in my browser). Interestinly, the 'Contents' table does not show one of the symbols of arrows that is displayed in the text.56.0.143.24 (talk) 04:21, 5 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Yes, that is one, plus the similar with the + on top. Bubba73 You talkin' to me? 04:45, 5 February 2011 (UTC)

Reordering
I reordered the symbols into symbols of increasing effectiveness of a move to make more sense. --70.111.224.85 13:30, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

Symbols
Some of the symbols can be a single character, for example ‼. ςפקι Д Иτς ☺ ☻ 15:18, 21 February 2006 (UTC)

All double punctuation mark SHOULD be single character. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.165.23.31 (talk) 10:03, 10 December 2007 (UTC)

!! Brilliant move
This has been added to "!! Brilliant move" or the start of a forced checkmate. I'm not familiar with this. Can a reference be provided? If not, I think it should be removed (unless the consensus is to keep it). Bubba73 (talk), 21:05, 21 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I've decided to remove that, for now at least. In 39 years of reading chess books, I've never seen "!!" used that way.  If there is a citation for that, it should go back in.  Bubba73 (talk), 00:04, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

I agree with the removal. In a position like in the diagram, I would not give a "!!" for Rd8+, nor do I think any annotator would. (I would probably give a "??" for any other move, and perhaps some more question marks for Rc1.) Sjakkalle (Check!)  07:25, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Exactly. I don't think that any move that leads to checkmate should get a !!, only a brilliant one.  Bubba73 (talk), 15:32, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

? - poor move, mistake, bad move ..
A discussion came up recently about the use of a single question mark and what that signifies in English. There seems to be a lot of ambiguity about this.

 * Oxford Companion to chess - weak move
 * Nunn's Chess Openings - bad move
 * Batsford Modern Chess Openings - bad or speculative move
 * Scid database software (last official release, version 3.6.1) - poor move
 * Play winning Chess by Yasser Seirawan - poor move
 * Logical Chess: Move by Move, Irving Chernev - a mistake.
 * The Mammoth Book of Chess by Graham Burgess - bad move

Perhaps the main article should mention the various wordings that are attached to '?'. Drkirkby 04:31, 9 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I am not sure those different definitions for "?" are really in disagreement. To me "bad move", "weak move", and "mistake" are all pretty synonymous terms. Compare that to "!?" where the definitions "interesting move", "risky move", and "enterprising move" have different meanings. Sjakkalle (Check!)  07:08, 9 January 2007 (UTC)

Too much editorializing
I think there's far too much editorializing in the Punctuation (chess) section (the section is poorly named, as well). It should be much punchier and to the point. I suspect that most of the opinions in that section would be hard to source. Compare the description in The Oxford Companion to Chess: under the entry "conventional symbols", for ! the Oxford Companion simply says "good move". What we have is in my opinion not entirely an improvement. I hate to remove people's hard work, but I think this section should be cut down to what we can source. A (brief) general discussion of how the annotations are typically used could be put in a separate section if well-sourced. Quale 04:46, 8 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah... I tend to agree. I made this article back in March 2005 (i.e. infancy) before I came to appreciate the value of sourcing and having references. I think Soltis had an article about "?" and "!" in the March 1997 (I'll need to search) Chess Life. Although written with a somewhat humorous tone, the history and chess stuff in his column is reliable enough. The one thing I remember from that article was that "!" was originally used to denote bad moves. Sjakkalle (Check!)  14:21, 10 September 2007 (UTC)

Question marks and exclamation marks in parentheses
I'm not sure if this notation is very common, but there are certainly books that employ symbols within parentheses, such as:

17. Nxf7 (?)

The meaning seems to vary, sometimes I feel that '(!)' and '(?)' are essentially the same as '!?' or '?!', respectively. Other times, it seems to mean something like 'a psychologically good/bad move' (i.e. a move that leads to a position that the opponent probably dislikes) or a move that offers many/few practical chances, e.g. in a lost position, or an unnecessary detour in a won position, etc. I also seem to remember that the (?) notation might also denote an opening move that is indeed weak but was considered good at the time the game was played. Of course, all this is currently original research, so can anyone confirm this and has a reliable source at hand? 84.46.0.165 (talk) 15:06, 26 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Kasparov uses (?) to mean roughly the first option - eg he annotates his move 20 of game 4 of the 1985 World Champs as "20 ... Rdc8(?) Strictly speaking, this move does not deserve a question mark... But from the practical viewpoint (it) deserves to be seriously criticized" Fletch79 (talk) 00:04, 11 November 2009 (UTC)
 * It meaning with the brackers is as none chess usage. The '(?)' mark means unknown - or I don't know. So it's not chess annotates as such. SunCreator (talk) 00:08, 11 November 2009 (UTC)

Other actions?
What about a little section on annotating actions other than moves with question / exclamation marks? For example, resigning a won position would normally receive at least two question marks (see Levente Lengyel for a real-life case). Fletch79 (talk) 00:17, 11 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Thats non-standard. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 46.115.147.9 (talk) 19:42, 21 September 2014 (UTC)

two "other symbols" sections
1.7 and 4 have more or less same content. I wont fix it.

Addon: also it would be interesting to have the unicode code points (thats why i came here) and images for +-- (black should resign), +-, +/-, +=, =+, -/+, -+, --+ (white should resign), (white has compensation), (black has compensation), (counterplay), (unclear), etc etc here. And i mean the true symbols (eg. ∓ instead of -/+) as sometimes those symbols are used together, separated by dash, eg "=/=+" to indicate a minimal advantage for black (or as kramnik would say: "black is slightly more even"). I wont/cant fix it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 46.115.147.9 (talk) 19:30, 21 September 2014 (UTC)

The Mednis quote
Was Mednis talking out of his rear end with the quote about Spassky's 14.Nb1 against Fischer? What does he recommend instead? No other writer that I know of has criticised this move, and it certainly is not a blunder or "??" move. For what it's worth it's the engine's first choice. Perhaps a better example of "annotation by result" can be found to illustrate the point? MaxBrowne (talk) 01:45, 10 September 2015 (UTC)

Interrobang Link Unnecessary?
In the "see also" section of the article, there is a link to the page Interrobang. I imagine that this is due to all of the mentions of exclamation points and question marks, but the interrobang actually has no relevance to the chess annotation article. Guitarmankev1 (TALK) 13:53, 21 September 2015 (UTC)
 * Agreed. ✅. See also WP:FIXIT. --IHTS (talk) 02:07, 19 January 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chess annotation symbols


text:
United Kingdom Comic Art Convention

The United Kingdom Comic Art Convention (UKCAC) was a British comic book convention which was held between 1985 and 1998. As a complement to UKCAC, from 1990 to 1995 the organizers put on the Glasgow-based Glasgow Comic Art Convention (GlasCAC), generally held in the spring.

The largest convention of its kind in the country during the period, the UKCAC and GlasCAC were the sites of annual comics award ceremonies from 1987 to 1998. The UKCAC was the site of the Eagle Awards presentation from 1987 to 1990; the UK Comic Art Awards were presented at one of the conventions — often GlasCAC — from 1991 to 1997; and the National Comics Awards were presented at the UKCAC in 1997–1998.

Most editions of the UKCAC took place in September, over two days, usually on a Saturday and Sunday. The convention featured floorspace for exhibitors, including comic book dealers and collectibles merchants. Along with panels, seminars, and workshops with comic book professionals, one of the annual highlights (until 1989) was the Saturday all-night film show, as well as regular events like quizzes, a fancy dress contest, and a charity auction. The show included an autograph area, as well as a so-called "Artists' Alley" where comics artists signed autographs and sold or did free sketches.

History
UKCAC was a successor to the British Comic Art Convention (commonly known as "Comicon,") which ran, mostly in London, from 1968 to 1981. UKCAC was organised as a nonprofit convention "by the fans for the fans" starting in 1984. The original organizers were Frank Plowright, Hassan Yussuf, and Chris Savva (who actually organized the first convention). Many others contributed either for a few years or on the convention days themselves (most prominent was Richard Barker, between 1986 and 1990). The initial show, in September 1985, attracted more than 500 attendees.

The 1988 convention featured more than 30 comics professionals, and had panels on Harvey Kurtzman (in attendance), comic book printing, politics in comics, violence in comics, and technology. After four conventions, the annual UKCAC charity auction had raised over £15,000.

In 1989 organizers Plowright, Yusuf, and Barker converted the UKCAC to an event generating a salary (mostly as a way to keep the show running and fairly compensate them for the work of organizing it) under the name Rusty Staples. The 1989 UKCAC was co-sponsored by Marvel Comics, Neptune Comic Distributors, and 2000 AD Comics Group. It featured an exhibit on the work of the late Frank Bellamy (an exhibit which had originated in The Basement Gallery in Brixton).

The first Glasgow Comic Art Convention was held in Spring 1990 at Glasgow City Chambers and featured the first presentation of the UK Comic Art Awards, a comics award voted on by British creators, editors, and retailers. The award was created by Rusty Staples and sponsored by Penguin Books UK.

The 1990 London show was co-sponsored by DC Comics among others; attendance was around 5,000 people.

As the years went by, Plowright and Yusuf became the main organizers. London became an increasingly expensive location to host the convention, and they had difficulty keeping costs down and attracting top-level guests. As a result, attendance declined. The UKCAC was held in London until 1997, and in Manchester in its final iteration in 1998.

Legacy
UKCAC was succeeded by Comic Festival, run in Bristol from 1999 to 2004; and then by Comic Expo, also in Bristol, which ran from 2004 to 2014.

title: United Kingdom Comic Art Convention


text:
Category talk:Social institutions

Prehistory
mikka (t) 19:42, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Categories_for_deletion/Log/2005_September_25
 * Categories for deletion/Log/2005 October 4
 * Wikipedia_talk:Categories_for_deletion

title: Category talk:Social institutions


text:
Talk:Deutsche Börse

Untitled
The official name of the company is Deutsche Börse AG. They often call themselves Deutsche Börse Group to make clear they do more than just run a stock exchange (they are a vertically integrated provider of services, i.e. from floor-trading to settlement). This group structure should be made clear in the article, but the name should be the name of the company, i.e. Deutsche Börse (without AG - in the same way that we don't have an entry called New York Stock Exchange, Inc.. DocendoDiscimus 19:42, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Done as requested. Ryan Norton T 11:52, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Wasn't the second takeover bid in 05, not 06? Actio (talk) 04:19, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

List of subsidiaries
We should create a list of subsidiaries! I heard they´re 50% shareholder of EUREX Dagadt

Euronext merger
The European Commission has announced today that the merger is refused.

Mergers: Commission blocks proposed merger between Deutsche Börse and NYSE Euronext http://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=IP/12/94&format=HTML&aged=0&language=EN&guiLanguage=en

NYSE Euronext merger with Deutsche Boerse blocked by EU http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-16838793

Section needs a rewrite and verb tenses need to be amended accordingly.Connolly15 (talk) 16:14, 1 February 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Deutsche Börse


text: Category:Forts in Canada

title: Category:Forts in Canada


text:
Independence Valley tui chub

The Independence Valley tui chub (Siphateles bicolor isolata) is a subspecies of tui chub endemic to the drainage of the Independence Valley in Elko County, northern Nevada.

Described as "abundant" when first collected and identified in 1965, it was considered extinct within less than a decade due to the introduction of sunfish, bass, and carp to the previously isolated watershed. However, it had been rediscovered by the year 2000, although it remains highly threatened.

title: Independence Valley tui chub


text:
The Custard Boys

The Custard Boys is a 1960 British novel by John Rae, focusing on the lives of children in a small village in World War II Norfolk dealing with an influx of war refugees. It is sometimes compared to Lord of the Flies, and was adapted to make the film Reach for Glory in 1962 (which was passed with an 'X' certificate at the time by the British Board of Film Censors), and again for a second film carrying the original name in 1979, directed by Colin Finbow.

title: The Custard Boys


text:
Talk:Malmedy massacre

Death of Peiper
The sentence "Peiper's charred corpse was later found in the ruins with a bullet in his chest." does not corrode with what is stated on the article on Peiper, that says he died of smoke inhalation and only his own guns were fired. -Valberg.81.191.94.128 (talk) 01:42, 28 December 2018 (UTC)

Recent edit
Preserving here by providing this link; my rationale was: "contrary to events as commonly understood". Further, prisoners were attempting to escape generally comes from apologist sources, including from Peiper himself; see Jens Westemeier (2007) Joachim Peiper, p. 147. --K.e.coffman (talk) 04:58, 21 December 2019 (UTC)

Last survivor of the Malmedy massacre
https://local21news.com/news/local/mount-joy-wwii-veteran-honored-with-letter-from-president-trump

Is it worth updating the link to Harold Billow? He's now 97.
 * Yes, most definitely - nice to see some good news. Thank you for the suggestion.— Diannaa (talk) 22:10, 26 March 2020 (UTC)

Harold Billow passed away recently, I think he deserves a minor section in the article. Nate Rybner 05:11, 21 February 2023 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Naterybner (talk • contribs)

Numbers killed by Kampfgruppe Peiper
IP editor. I really don't understand your point. You seem to want to state categorically and solely that KP was responsible for between 538 and 749 US deaths without If you are insisting on using a contemporaneous figure then it's up to you to provide a source for that figure and for it to be clear this was a contemporaneous figure based on whatever methodology was used at the time. At the moment you are using the 1949 report to the senate as the source.
 * 1) agreeing that this was a post-war figure presented to the senate in 1949
 * 2) acknowledging that others have come up with different figures

It is not anachronistic to discuss the numbers killed regardless of when the formation of opinions occurred. Nthep (talk) 15:56, 2 September 2021 (UTC)

Context
Surely the article should mention the fact Allied soldiers regularly murdered unarmed German POWs? Patton covered up the killings of German POWs in Italy. (86.135.242.61 (talk) 18:55, 29 September 2021 (UTC))
 * If reliable sources explicitly relate that to the Malmedy massacre, perhaps, with due weight. Avoid original research, especially synthesis. (Hohum @ ) 19:13, 29 September 2021 (UTC)
 * We don't want to give the impression that the Malmedy massacre was somehow justified because the Allied forces also committed similar acts. That's an inappropriate thing to imply. — Ninja Diannaa (Talk) 21:10, 29 September 2021 (UTC)
 * This is rather hypothetical, but if reliable sources explicitly state, for instance, that it was a motivation, then it should be in the article, with due weight. I doubt such sources exist. My point being that article content shouldn't be based on sensibilities, but on sources. (Hohum @ ) 01:17, 30 September 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Malmedy massacre


text:
Boris Casoy

Boris Casoy (born February 13, 1941, in São Paulo) is a Brazilian journalist, the son of Russian Jewish immigrant parents. He has spent most of his professional life in TV journalism and is currently a Brazilian TV news anchorman.

Career
Casoy's journalism career started when he worked as a reporter for the now defunct television network TV Tupi in 1961. During the 1960s, in the early phases of the military dictatorship in Brazil, he was charged by the press with belonging to a paramilitary right-wing organization, Commando for Communist Hunting (Comando de Caça aos Comunistas, CCC) which was aimed at harassing and bullying leftist students.

From 1974 to 1984, Casoy worked in the Paulista newspaper, Folha de S.Paulo - firstly as chief editor, a position in which he had to share power with the redaction director, the Trotskyist sympathizer Cláudio Abramo. In 1976, Casoy left this position and began editing a column on political faits divers, while Abramo took over the paper's chief editorship. However, in September 1977, Casoy resumed his earlier position, after the military threatened to intervene in the paper, holding Abramo responsible for the publication in the paper of a chronicle, by Lourenço Diaféria, deemed as demeaning to the historical figure of the Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias, the civic patron of the Brazilian Army.

In 1988, Casoy returned to television as the anchor of a new newscast for SBT, Telejornal Brasil (TJ Brasil, for short). TJ Brasil ran from 1988 until being canceled in 1997. After TJ Brasil, he became the main anchor of Rede Record's national news, Jornal da Record. As anchor, Casoy became famous for his rhetorical outbursts, as he acquired the habit of expressing disagreement with unpleasant facts (mainly corruption scandals) he had described by uttering repeatedly: "For shame!" ("isto é uma vergonha!") - a stock-phrase that gave him the reputation of a vigilante who would speak truth to power.

Casoy was fired from TV Record in late December 2005 – officially, for disagreements with changes that the station wanted to make on his program. However, he had speculated that there was pressure from the Worker's Party, since he and his crew were unrelenting in investigating and exposing alleged scandals and corruption cases in the left-wing government.

After being fired from Rede Record, Casoy returned to television, but this time on a small regional television network in Rio de Janeiro, TV JB. He was the main anchor to the main newscast, Telejornal do Brasil. On April 14, 2008, Boris Casoy returned to national television on Rede Bandeirantes as the main anchor for its nightly newscast, Jornal da Noite. Casoy also presents the news in Rede Bandeirantes' radio news network, BandNews FM.

In 2010, Casoy was involved in a scandal: after a TV news broadcast in which two street sweepers appeared offering season's greetings, he offered a private comment during commercials, without noticing that the audio channel was inadvertently open: "Shit, two garbage men offering greetings from atop their brooms... the lowest rung of the working ladder." – a comment for which he had to apologize in public.

On September 30, 2016, Casoy left Band's nightly news program Jornal da Noite. On October 17, he became anchor of RedeTV!'s national news, RedeTV! News, replacing Sérgio Cursino.

title: Boris Casoy


text:
Juan de Tassis, 2nd Count of Villamediana

Don Juan de Tassis y Peralta, 2nd Count of Villamediana (es: Don Juan de Tassis y Peralta, segundo conde de Villamediana; baptised 26 August 1582 – 21 August 1622) was a Spanish poet of the Baroque Culteranismo school. In Spain he is simply known as Conde de Villamediana.

Life
Villamediana was born at Lisbon in late 1581 or early 1582. His father, Juan de Tassis y Acuña, 1st Count of Villamediana, upon whom the title of count was conferred by King Philip III of Spain in 1603, was a diplomat heading the Spanish legation who signed the Treaty of London, May 1604.

On leaving Salamanca he married in 1601, and succeeded to the title on the death of his father in 1607; he was prominent in the life of the capital, was forbidden to attend court, and resided in Italy from 1611 to 1617.

On Villamediana's return to Spain, he was soon noted as a satirist. Prominent men such as the Duke of Lerma, Rodrigo Calderón, Count of Oliva and Jorge de Tobar were frequent targets. Villamediana was once more ordered to withdraw from court in 1618. He returned on the death of Philip III and was appointed gentleman-in-waiting to Philip IV's young wife, Elisabeth of France, daughter of Henri IV.

According to legend, a fire broke out while Villamediana's masque, La gloria de Niquea, was being acted before the court on 14 May 1622, and he carried the queen to a place of safety. Suspicion deepened; Villamediana neglected a significant warning that his life was in peril, and "he was murdered as he stepped out of his coach. The responsibility for his death was divided between Philip IV and Olivares (the King's chief minister and favourite)". In 1928, Narciso Alonso Cortés claimed to have discovered documents in Simancas that implicated Villamediana in a trial on sodomy which concluded with the burning of five young men on 5 December 1622. Some consider that his murder was the result of this trial; others attribute it to his satires or to dangerous liaisons. Villamediana was also the subject of homophobic innuendo in a satirical poem by Francisco de Quevedo.

Villamediana's works, first published at Saragossa in 1629, contain both his satirical and more serious verses.


text:
Talk:Watford

'Sad Lovers and Giants'
I happened to spot the reversion of this group from the notable people section of the article. Sad Lovers and Giants seem notable enough to have their own Wikipedia article, so is their summary exclusion, without a proper reason being given, really justified? Two of their albums got 4.5 stars out of 5 and one other got 4 stars from All Music reviewers, and they have made several other albums. A case for a reconsideration? A P Monblat (talk) 14:51, 20 September 2014 (UTC)
 * Do any of the notable members of the band hail from Watford? The section is about notable people rather than 'collectives'.. Usually an article about a town like Watford would have a section on Entertainment / Culture which is where a Group would be included. There is none for Watford so you could start a new section and then include mention of the Band within the prose of this topic as long as you can find a citation to this effect. Tmol42 (talk) 17:15, 20 September 2014 (UTC)

Title
Kanguole or anyone, would you please direct me to the guideline which prevents Watford, Hertfordshire title but allows Watford, Northamptonshire title? I do not understand your edit summary. Thank you. Mugginsx (talk) 13:49, 2 December 2014 (UTC)
 * Sorry for being unclear – the relevant guideline is WP:Disambiguation. The town in Hertfordshire is the primary topic for this name, so it whould have the undisambiguated name, per PLACE.  Kanguole 15:16, 2 December 2014 (UTC)
 * OK. Thanks. Mugginsx (talk) 15:59, 2 December 2014 (UTC)

Work on a major road scheme
Viewed from the A4178, early work on a major road scheme, where Wiggenhall Industrial Estate stood, is in progress. I cannot find reference to this to include in the article. Any ideas would be welcome. Thanks, — | Gareth Griffith-Jones | The Welsh Buzzard| — 09:19, 23 August 2015 (UTC)
 * Try searching for "Watford health campus link road". Kanguole 10:17, 23 August 2015 (UTC)
 * Ah, thank you. I had wondered if it was an extension to the M1 Link Road (A4008}. — | Gareth Griffith-Jones | The Welsh Buzzard| — 10:27, 23 August 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Watford


text:
Speech Application Language Tags

Speech Application Language Tags (SALT) is an XML-based markup language that is used in HTML and XHTML pages to add voice recognition capabilities to web-based applications.

Description
Speech Application Language Tags enables multimodal and telephony-enabled access to information, applications, and Web services from PCs, telephones, tablet PCs, and wireless personal digital assistants (PDAs). The Speech Application Language Tags extend existing mark-up languages such as HTML, XHTML, and XML. Multimodal access will enable users to interact with an application in a variety of ways: they will be able to input data using speech, a keyboard, keypad, mouse and/or stylus, and produce data as synthesized speech, audio, plain text, motion video, and/or graphics.

History
SALT was developed as a competitor to VoiceXML and was supported by the SALT Forum. The SALT Forum was founded on October 15, 2001, by Microsoft, along with Cisco Systems, Comverse, Intel, Philips Consumer Electronics, and ScanSoft. The SALT 1.0 specification was submitted to the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) for review in August 2002. However, the W3C continued developing its VoiceXML 2.0 standard, which reached the final "Recommendation" stage in March 2004.

By 2006, Microsoft realized Speech Server had to support the W3C VoiceXML standard to remain competitive. Microsoft joined the VoiceXML Forum as a Promoter in April of that year. Speech Server 2007 supports VoiceXML 2.0 and 2.1 in addition to SALT. In 2007, Microsoft purchased Tellme, one of the largest VoiceXML service providers.

By that point nearly every other SALT Forum company had committed to VoiceXML. The last press release posted to the SALT Forum website was in 2003, while the VoiceXML Forum is quite active. "SALT [Speech Application Language Tags] is a direct competitor but has not reached the level of maturity of VoiceXML in the standards process," said Bill Meisel, principal at TMA Associates, a speech technology research firm.

Usage
The Microsoft Speech Server 2004 product supports SALT, while Microsoft Speech Server 2007 supports SALT in addition to VoiceXML 2.0 and 2.1. There is also a speech add-in for Internet Explorer that interprets SALT tags on web pages, available as part of the Microsoft Speech Application SDK.

title: Speech Application Language Tags


text:
California State Route 183

State Route 183 (SR 183) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California, entirely in Monterey County, running from U.S. Route 101 in Salinas to State Route 1 in Castroville.

Route description
SR 183 begins in the center of the city of Salinas at an at-grade interchange with U.S. Route 101. The road then heads toward the center of Salinas along North Main Street before abruptly turning northwest along Castroville Road. Following an interchange with Davis Road, the route exits town and enters an area covered with farmland. It continues through this central Monterey County while gradually turning north until it reaches southern Castroville, where it again turns northeast. The road then interchanges with State Route 156 and traverses northeast as the western boundary of Castroville before meeting its northern terminus, State Route 1, the Cabrillo Highway.

SR 183 is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System, and in Salinas is part of the National Highway System, a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.

History
This route was defined in 1933. It appears to have been unsigned before 1964.

Future
Senate Bill No. 1459, signed by the Governor on September 11, 2020, authorizes the California Transportation Commission to relinquish the segment of SR 183 within the City of Salinas to local control.

title: California State Route 183


text: User talk:57.68.15.178

title: User talk:57.68.15.178


text: Category talk:Marriage, unions and partnerships by country


text: Category:User jbo

title: Category:User jbo


text:
Talk:Swing Kids (1993 film)

Not Engineering Students
engineering. it was a regular school. they wouldve been to old for hj if they were students —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.180.42.175 (talk • contribs) 15:40, 17 May 2006
 * You are right; one of the characters simply mentions that he wants to study engineering later, which is I think what confused whoever wrote this. I've changed it. Crito2161 23:04, 15 July 2006 (UTC)

messed up sentence
This sentence doesn't make any sense (but I don't know the plot well enough to fix): "A seemingly charming but intimidating Gestapo officer Herr Knopp (Kenneth Branagh in an uncredited role) complicates grip on Germany." 75.33.10.207 20:12, 9 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Swing Kids (1993 film)


text:
Charles Major (writer)

Charles Major (July 25, 1856 – February 13, 1913) was an American lawyer and novelist.

Biography
Major was born on July 25, 1856 in Indianapolis. Born to an upper-middle class Indianapolis family, Major developed an interest in both law and English history at an early age. Majors graduated from Shelbyville High School in 1872, then attended the University of Michigan for three years, and after an apprenticeship in the law practice of his father, was admitted to the Indiana bar association in 1877. Shortly thereafter he opened his own law practice, which launched a short political career, culminating in a year-long term in the Indiana state legislature.

Writing remained an interest of Major, and in 1898, he published his first novel, When Knighthood Was in Flower under the pseudonym Edwin Caskoden. The novel about England during the reign of King Henry VIII was an exhaustively researched historical romance, and became enormously popular, holding a place on bestselling book lists for nearly three years. The novel was adapted into a popular Broadway play by Paul Kester in 1901, premiering at the Criterion Theatre that year. The novel also launched relatively successful film adaptations in 1908 and 1922.

With a successful writing career, Major gradually lessened his legal obligations, closing his law practice over a year after his first novel, in 1899. Published in 1902, his third novel, Dorothy Vernon of Haddon Hall, another historical romance, this time set in Elizabethan times, rivaled the success of his first. Once again, the novel was adapted for the theater by Paul Kester, and saw a film release in 1924 starring Mary Pickford.

Major continued to write and publish several additional novels, to varying degrees of success, as well as a number of children's adventure stories, most set in and around his native state of Indiana. Charles Major died of liver cancer on February 13, 1913, at his home in Shelbyville, Indiana.

In 2006, Shelbyville, Indiana native Eric Linne wrote and copyrighted a motion picture screenplay adaptation of Major's novel The Bears of Blue River.

Filmography

 * Sweet Alyssum, directed by Colin Campbell (1915, based on the story Sweet Alyssum: A Story of the Indiana Oil Fields)
 * When Knighthood Was in Flower, directed by Robert G. Vignola (1922, based on the novel When Knighthood Was in Flower)
 * Dorothy Vernon of Haddon Hall, directed by Marshall Neilan (1924, based on the novel Dorothy Vernon of Haddon Hall)
 * Yolanda, directed by Robert G. Vignola (1924, based on the novel Yolanda)
 * The Sword and the Rose, directed by Ken Annakin (1953, based on the novel When Knighthood Was in Flower)

title: Charles Major (writer)


text:
Visioo-Writer

Visioo-writer - The OpenDocument file viewer is a computer program designed to run on multiple operating systems with the explicit ability to view OpenDocument and OpenOffice.org/StarOffice documents. It is currently in a stable state (version 0.6) but updates continue. The goal is to create a small application to open popular and free document formats (e.g., AbiWord, KWord). The software is open-source, and written in Python. Downloads are available for Microsoft Windows and Linux.

title: Visioo-Writer


text:
Charles, marquis de Villette

Charles Michel, Marquis de Villette (4 December 1736 – 7 July 1793) was a French writer and politician.

Voltaire's protégé
Charles was born in Paris as the heir of a financier who left him a large fortune and the nobility title of Marquis. After taking part in the Seven Years' War, Villette returned in 1763 to his native city, where he owned an estate in Clermont. The Marquis made many enemies by his perceived lack of manners. Nonetheless, he succeeded in gaining the intimacy of Voltaire, who had known his mother and who wished to turn him into a poet; the aging philosophe is even recorded to have viewed his protégé Villette as "the French Tibullus".

In 1765, Voltaire invited the Marquis to his estate at Ferney. Although Voltaire joked quite freely about the Marquis' illegal attractions to men, he convinced the Marquis to marry Reine Philiberte de Varicourt in 1777. The marriage was unhappy, and his wife was subsequently adopted by Voltaire's niece, Marie Louise Mignot. Both Charles and Philiberte remained devoted to Voltaire, however, and it was at their home in Paris that Voltaire died in 1778. Villette kept Voltaire's heart in an urn.

Revolution
During the French Revolution, Villette publicly burned his lettres de noblesse, wrote revolutionary articles in the Chronique de Paris, and put forth the proposal that Louis XVI of France should be stripped of most power but maintained as head of state. In the rain of pamphlets which followed this advice, much was made of Villette's attraction to men. One pamphleteer vulgarized him as a man "unnatural" in all things. Another claimed that his own pamphlet, Les Enfants de Sodome à l'Assemblée Nationale, ou Députation de l'Ordre de la Manchette aux représentants de tous les ordres, actually came from the house of Villette, who was named as Grand Commander of an order of male lovers in this mocking call for gay rights. The attacks were answered on Villette's behalf by his illustrious friend, Anacharsis Cloots, a Dutchman hailed as "the Spokesman for the Human Race".

Villette was elected deputy to the National Convention by the département of Seine-et-Oise in 1792. He had the courage to condemn the September Massacres and to vote for the imprisonment only, and not for the death penalty, of Louis XVI (December 1792). He died in Paris the next year, and his seat in the Convention was taken by Antoine-Augustin Auger.

Works
In 1784 he published his Œuvres, and in 1792 his articles in the Chronique de Paris appeared in book form under the title Lettres choisies sur les principaux événements de la Révolution.

title: Charles, marquis de Villette


text: User talk:68.44.107.40

title: User talk:68.44.107.40


text:
Rolladen-Schneider LS5

The Rolladen-Schneider LS5 was an Open Class single seat glider aircraft designed by Rolladen-Schneider. Only a single unit was built.

Design and development
The LS5 was announced in 1980 as Rolladen-Schneider’s entry into the exclusive Open Class. The economic viability of the design was compromised, however, with the arrival in 1981 of the Schempp-Hirth Nimbus-3 and the Schleicher ASW 22, both of which outclassed the predicted performance of the yet-to-fly LS5. Although the moulds had already been completed, Rolladen-Schneider decided not to pursue further development. Klaus Mies from Kaiserslautern used these moulds to produce one glider of the type. This homebuilt prototype made its maiden flight in 1988, receiving the registration number D-7742. It is based at Marpingen in Germany.

title: Rolladen-Schneider LS5


text:
Gaz de France Stars

Gaz de France Stars, also known by its non-sponsored name, the Hasselt Cup, was a women's tennis tournament held in Hasselt, Belgium. Held from 2004 till 2006, this WTA Tour event was a Tier III-tournament and was played on indoor hardcourts.

title: Gaz de France Stars


text:
Talk:Trondheim Fjord

Beitstadfjord also freezes
The Beitstadfjord also freezes, but not for many days each year. (Talking about 10-50 days here, in the coldest period of the year).

External links modified
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title: Talk:Trondheim Fjord


text:
Alberto Dines

Alberto Dines (February 19, 1932 – May 22, 2018 ) was a Brazilian journalist and writer.

Biography
With a career spanning over five decades, Dines directed and launched several magazines and newspapers in Brazil and Portugal. He has taught journalism since 1963, and was a visiting professor at the Columbia University School of Journalism in 1974.

Dines was the editor in chief of Jornal do Brasil for twelve years, in addition to coordinating the Rio de Janeiro branch of Folha de S.Paulo. He was also the director of Grupo Abril in Portugal, where he launched the Exame magazine.

After years of dodging the military dictatorship censorship as the editor in chief of Jornal do Brazil, Dines was fired in June 1974 for publishing an article criticizing the overtly amicable relationship between the owners of the newspaper and the state government of Rio de Janeiro.

In addition to working as a journalist, Dines has written over 15 books, including Death in Paradise, the Tragedy of Stefan Zweig (1981) and Fire Links – Antônio José da Silva, the Jew and other stories of the Inquisition in Portugal and Brazil (1992). His book about Stefan Zweig was adapted into the film Lost Zweig (2002), directed by Sylvio Back. Dines also discussed Zweig in a documentary by the same director.

In April 1996, Dines launched the groundbreaking Observatório da Imprensa website. The media analysis website was later adapted into a weekly TV show, currently aired by TV Brasil, and a daily radio show, aired on public stations.

Awards

 * 1970: Maria Moors Cabot Prize
 * 2005: Prêmio Imprensa Estrangeira
 * October 2007: Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award
 * 2009: Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art
 * March 29, 2010: Roberto Marinho Prize for Communication (Brazil)

Works

 * Morte no paraíso, a tragédia de Stefan Zweig, Editora Nova Fronteira (1981), Editora Rocco (2004)
 * Tod im Paradies. Die Tragödie des Stefan Zweig, Edition Büchergilde (2006)

title: Alberto Dines


text: Talk:Time and a Word

title: Talk:Time and a Word


text: User talk:86.130.38.107

title: User talk:86.130.38.107


text:
User talk:Stewsutton

Thank you for the edits and updates to keep the content properly referenced. Much appreciated.

Update Complete. Thank you for the guidance RHaworth.

Source for Community-driven knowledge management?
Hi, I came across this article you created while fixing up wikisyntax (from WP:WS). The article doesn't cite its sources - I wonder if you would be able to supply a suitable references section?

thanks, --Stoive 01:35, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Community_circle.gif
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File source problem with File:Stew.jpg
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title: User talk:Stewsutton


text: User talk:88.110.61.61

title: User talk:88.110.61.61


text: User talk:68.80.33.76

title: User talk:68.80.33.76


text:
Ademir

Ademir (a corrupted form of the Portuguese-language given name Ademar) is a Brazilian common given name.

It may refer to these Brazilian footballers:

 * Ademir Marques de Menezes (1922–1996), who participated at 1950 FIFA World Cup;
 * Ademir da Silva Santos Júnior (born 1995), forward
 * Ademir da Guia (born 1942), who participated at 1974 FIFA World Cup
 * Ademir Chiarotti (1948–2013), midfielder of XV de Piracicaba and São Paulo FC
 * Ademir Ribeiro Souza (born 1985), defender who has played in Brazil and Albania
 * Ademir Roque Kaefer (born 1960), silver medal winner at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
 * Adhemir de Barros, Paraná (born 1942), who participated at 1966 FIFA World Cup

It's also a Bosnian name that can refer to:

 * Ademir Kenović (born 1950), Bosnian film director and producer

title: Ademir


text:
Mun of Balhae

Mun of Balhae (715–793; r. 737–793), also known as Dae Heum-mu, was the third and longest-reigning ruler of the Balhae. He succeeded his father King Mu, upon his death in 737. He was the grandson of Dae Jo-yeong, the founder of Balhae.

Reign
During King Mun's reign, diplomatic ties with the Tang dynasty were established, and many Balhae scholars went to the Tang to study, extending the influence of Buddhism and Confucianism in Balhae's governance. He also strengthened relations with Silla, which unified the Korean peninsula to the south of Balhae, overseeing the development of the trade route called Silla-road. Balhae also increased diplomacy and trade with Japan.

King Mun moved the capital of Balhae several times (Sanggyeong and Donggyeong), stabilizing and strengthening central rule over various ethnic tribes in his realm, which was expanded temporarily. He also authorized the creation of the Jujagam, the national academy, based on the national academy of Tang.

Although the Tang dynasty recognized him as a king, Balhae itself referred to him as the Daeheung Boryeok Hyogam Geumryun Seongbeop Daewang (, 大興寶曆孝感金輪聖法大王), Gadokbu, Seongwang and Giha , Balhae itself referred to him as the posterity of heaven and an emperor.

The tomb of his fourth daughter, Princess Jeonghyo, was discovered in 1980. The tombstone of his elder daughter, Princess Jeonghye, has also been found.

Era names

 * Daeheung (대흥 大興 Great Happiness, 737-774, ?-793)
 * Boryeok (보력 寶曆, 774-?, at least until 781)

Family

 * Father: Dae Mu-ye, King Mu (무왕 대무예, 武王 大武藝; 685–737)
 * Grandfather: Dae Jo-yeong, King Go (고왕 대조영, 高王 大祚榮; 665–719)
 * Grandmother: Lady Im (임씨, 任氏; 656–719)
 * Younger brother: Dae Won-ui (대원의; 735–793)
 * Wife: Empress Hyoui (효의황후, 孝懿皇后; 715–?)
 * First daughter (732); died prematurely
 * Princess Jeonghye (정혜공주, 貞惠公主; 737–777), second daughter
 * Dae Goeng-rim (대굉림, 大宏臨; 745–780) – father of Dae Hwayeo, King Seong (성왕 대화여, 成王 大華璵), first son
 * Princess Jeongyeon (정연공주; 747–?), third daughter
 * Dae Jeong-al (대정알, 大貞斡; 747–?), second son
 * Dae Cheong-yun (대청윤, 大淸允; 748–?), third son
 * Dae Sung-rin, King Gang (강왕 대숭린, 康王 大嵩璘; 750–809), fourth son
 * Princess Jeonghyo (정효공주, 貞孝公主; 757–792), fourth daughter

title: Mun of Balhae