text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Eddache

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 15:23, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Eddache
Webcomic author, see directly above. - Hahnchen 02:32, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Author's webcomic fails WP:COMIC. Andrew pmk | Talk 03:44, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 12:05, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete (or merge with Edd Egg if that one against all odds is kept). Ilmari Karonen 15:40, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn. Dragonfiend 05:51, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Ewww. Philip Taron 10:21, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Eddache


text:
Enchanted Wood

Enchanted Wood may refer to:

 * The Enchanted Wood, fictional place located in the Dreamlands in H. P. Lovecraft's Dream Cycle
 * The Enchanted Wood, the first book in Enid Blyton's The Faraway Tree series

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Enchanted Wood


text:
Talk:Miami metropolitan area

Name of MSA
Per this press release from E. Clay Shaw the official name of the MSA was changed from Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach to Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach in 2003. This document from the Broward County Planning Services Division states that the United States Office of Management and Budget refers to the Southeast Florida MSA as the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach MSA. If anyone can find a souce indicating that the name has been changed back, please cite it. --  Donald Albury ( Talk )  10:45, 24 June 2006 (UTC)

 * The metropolitan area name was changed again in December 2005 to Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Miami Beach. See http://www.census.gov/population/estimates/metro_general/List1.txt. —RJN 18:26, 30 July 2006 (UTC)

Was it actively changed back or was that just some document that used the name of the area that was used back in the 2000 census? The others are press releases, I can't find any items that indicate it was intentionally changed back.... aapold

 * Going through the names used since 1990, it looks like the MSA name has always used Miami Beach ever since Palm Beach County was included in the Miami MSA. (West Palm Beach was a separate MSA in 1990, 1993, and 1999.) The 2004 and 2005 Palm Beach city populations are larger than the Miami Beach city population. West Palm Beach would most likely replace Miami Beach in the official name in the next redefinition. --Polaron | Talk 05:11, 2 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The best I can figure is that the Office of Management and Budget, which is the authoritative agency for these names, changed it to Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach in 2003, but the Census Bureau hasn't changed its listings. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Dalbury (talk • contribs).

 * The Office of Management and Budget was the one who changed it to Miami–Fort Lauderdale–Miami Beach as of December 2005 definition. Click here and look at page 21 of the PDF file. —RJN 00:34, 3 August 2006 (UTC)

principal cities
I don't know if this is the proper place for this comment, but is it possible to get a better representative picture of Ft. Lauderdale? The one on here is pretty awful! Bgtgwazi 20:10, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

i dont think those cities are prinicpal, infact Kendall is a CDP not even a city. I think it should just be, Miami, Ft. Lauderdale and west Palm Beach. What do you think?
 * It doesn't matter what you think. Putting what you think in the article would be original research. Principal cities in MSAs are defined by the Office of Management and Budget. As listed in METROPOLITAN AND MICROPOLITAN STATISTICAL AREAS AND PRINCIPAL CITIES, December 2005, WITH CODES, the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL Metropolitan Statistical Area has the following Principal Cities listed: Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Miami Beach, West Palm Beach, Pompano Beach, Kendall, Boca Raton, Deerfield Beach, Boynton Beach and Delray Beach. This is verifiable. As soon as I close this comment, I'll make sure list of Principal Cities is properly cited. --  Donald Albury ( Talk )  00:39, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

urban areas
The Miami urbanized area does extend to the cities of Fort Lauderdale and eastern West Palm beach, as far north as Jupiter and as far south as Florida City. The Census Bureau treats the whole thing as a single urban area. --Polaron | Talk 15:29, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

 * There are different things involved here. The SMA includes all of Broward, Miami-Dade and Palm Beach Counties. The 'Miami urbanized area' includes the densely populated area extending from from Florida City to Jupiter/Tequesta (and actually, a little bit into Martin County), but it is only two to twenty miles wide. SMA 'Divisions' are just that, statistical division within an SMA, and the Miami-Ft.Lauderdale-Miami Beach SMA is divided into the three division listed in the article. -- Donald Albury 23:22, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

Article for Pompano Beach claims there are over 100,000 people
Is this correct? Pompano Beach, Florida -    Marc Averette 18:08, 19 October 2006 (UTC)
 * The 2005 estimate by the Census Bureau is 104,179. --Polaron | Talk 18:28, 19 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Then should the template have Pompano Beach added to it to reflect this?  -   Marc Averette 18:38, 19 October 2006 (UTC)
 * To the template (at the top of the article)? Not necessarily.  I think the top 5 cities (after Miami) are probably enough.  To this section?  Yes, I think that would be correct.  Using the 2005 estimate seems acceptable, as this was also done for Miami Gardens, Florida. Ufwuct 19:11, 19 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Ah, I see, the recent annexations pushed Pompano over 100,000. As the plan is for all unincorporated populated areas in Broward County to be annexed into one of the cities, we can expect other cities in Broward to show sudden jumps in population. -- Donald Albury 02:29, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

Size of Urban Area
says its often no more than 5 miles wide. thats just not true. —Preceding unsigned comment added by User: (talk • contribs)
 * I agree, mostly. The only spot where it looks like it could be about 5 miles across would be north of the Broward County line between Boca Raton and Boynton Beach.  The word "often" is misleading.  It's "often" from 10-15 miles across.  -  Marc Averette 19:17, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
 * The 'five-miles wide' is sourced in the article. Don't removed information that is sourced based on your personal opinion. Moreover, if you will look at the map at, you will see that the southern portion down to Florida City and the northern portion from West Palm Beach to southern Martin County are both narrow. -- Donald Albury 00:57, 3 November 2006 (UTC)
 * The source states "as little as five miles". It doesn't use the misleading word "often".  The article should reflect what the source states.  -  Marc Averette 05:18, 3 November 2006 (UTC)

State Route 80
I'm wondering if I should add the Southern Blvd. section of Florida State Road 80 in eastern Palm Beach County to the freeways section of the article. It is being made as a limited access freeway, but theres still about 3 tiny intersections along the way that they don't plan on converting to on/off-ramps. Discuss. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Andyxox (talk • contribs)
 * It is just a limited part of the highway. I think maybe a section in Florida State Road 80 specifically about the limited access section, and a link to that section from the list of freeways would do the trick. -- Donald Albury 14:25, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

GA review
This article seems to be mostly a collection of lists. While there is some actual content elsewhere, it doesn't seem well represented in the lead paragraphs. My understanding is that lead paragraphs should be used to summarise the content in the article, yet there does not seem much regarding the climate, transportation, government or media sections. Likewise, very little information in the lead paragraph seems to coincide with any sections. I hope that helps a bit. --Kmsiever 20:27, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes I have to agree the lead does not summarise information found elsewhere in the article and much of the lead should itself be in the Demographics section. The very large list of settlements could be split into a separate page e.g. List of settlements in South Florida metropolitan area which would help reduce the amount of lists on this page. Similarly the Sports and Media sections should be converted from lists into prose.

 * A history section, even if fairly short, would be useful in an article of this sort. Although many references are provided some sections have a distinct lack of them. For example the climate section only has two despite having many facts which could do with references. I hope these suggestions also help, in my opinion this article is likely to fail the GA nomination in its current state. - Suicidalhamster 00:26, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Does anyone know the reason why it was officially changed to Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Pompano Beach?
What are the determining factors? The document just mentions population, but obviously that's not the only factor. Hialeah, Florida has over 200,000 and is the 2nd largest city. Why isn't it called Miami-Hialeah-Ft. Lauderdale metro area? -  Marc Averette 00:32, 13 February 2007 (UTC)
 * The short answer is that Hialeah is classified as a suburb of Miami, i.e. it is not a principal city of the metropolitan area. Only principal cities (cities that function as regional employment attractors) can be used in the name of a metropolitan statistical area. --Polaron | Talk 04:20, 13 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the info. I know that Pompano is mostly business/industrial parks between I-95 & the Turnpike.  Many people work there and that must have something to do with it.   -    Marc Averette 14:51, 13 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Found it! From the Federal Register of December 12, 2003:
 * A ‘‘principal city’’ is defined in relation to a CBSA [Core Based Statistical Areas] rather than an MSA. The principal city (or cities) of a CBSA includes: (A) The largest incorporated place in the CBSA with a Census 2000 population of at least 10,000 or, if no such place exists, the largest incorporated place or census designated place in the CBSA; (B) any additional incorporated place or census designated place with  a Census 2000 population of at least 250,000 or in which 100,000 or more persons work; (C) any additional incorporated place or census designated place with a Census 2000 population of at least 50,000, but less than 250,000, and in which the number of jobs meets or exceeds the number of employed residents; and (D) any additional incorporated place or census designated place with a Census 2000 population of at least 10,000, but less than 50,000, and one-third the population size of the largest place, and in which the number of jobs meets or exceeds the number of employed residents (65 FR 82236).
 * -- Donald Albury 00:01, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I see. That's why Miami Beach was listed most recently, even though it only has 87,000 residents, the staggering # of hotels & restaurants employ probably another 100,000, whereas other cities that are more populous (like West Palm) don't have as massive a workforce.  -   Marc Averette 00:51, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

 * West Palm Beach replaced Miami Beach in the title a couple of years ago, but it was switched back again after a short time. As the announcement of the the change to West Palm Beach came from Clay Shaw's office, I suspect there was political pressure to make the change, and it may not have been strictly by the regs. -- Donald Albury 00:11, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

Fail GA nomination
I have failed the Good Article nomination as this article does not meet the criteria. See the above comments for more details. The main problems are extensive lists, a lead which does not summarise the article and inadequate references in some sections. Hope this is useful in getting the article to GA standard. - Suicidalhamster 18:53, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

South Florida
South Florida redirects here, however South Florida covers Fort Myers south on the West Coast and Port St. Lucie South on the east coast, based off annual temperatures and commuting. This page should state that this page is only the metropolitan area, not all of South Florida. Casey14 18:59, 14 June 2007 (UTC)

Query: I'd like to see some discussion--perhaps a new article--about the historical use of the term "South Florida." How did a university in Tampa come up with that name? Was the state's panhandle once known as "north Florida," while the whole peninsula was known as "south Florida"? to an outsider looking at map of the state, that terminology would make sense. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.82.231.152 (talk) 21:50, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Exotic Pet Trade & Iguanas
Due to Florida's prominence in the exotic pet trade, iguanas imported as pets have escaped or been released, and are now established in South Florida. This has created unique problems for Florida's homeowners and businesses. South and Central Florida's subtropical climate allows these large herbivorous (plant-eating) lizards to survive, reproduce, and become part of the Florida environment.

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/IN528 —Preceding unsigned comment added by Joe2832 (talk • contribs) 21:16, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

"Common name" in infobox
Someone just changed the "common name" in the infobox from "Miami - Ft. Lauderdale" to "Miami-Dade - Broward - Palm Beach". My impulse is to say that the most common "common name" for the area is "South Florida". I don't hear people saying "Miami-Dade - Broward - Palm Beach", and I doubt most people use "Miami-Ft. Lauderdale" to refer to the three county area. Anyway, let's get some discussion going and see if we can agree on something. -- Donald Albury 21:52, 11 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I can definitely say Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, Miami-Dade-Broward-Palm Beach, Miami-Fort Lauderdale, and all its variations, are not the common names. However, "South Florida", "Miami metro", or sometimes even just "Miami" if you're from outside the state, could all be common names. --Comayagua99 (talk) 23:25, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

Highest elevation?
Just curious, but wouldn't the highest current elevation (even though it is manmade) be one of the Mouth Trashmores, like the one near the Dade-Broward line in the Turnpike? Since it is dirt-covered, would it no longer be considered "artificial"? I know, I have too much time on my hands, but I saw that mountain and thought that it was MUCH more than 15 feet high. CodeCarpenter (talk) 14:18, 7 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I believe elevation doesn't count unless it's natural. Key West also has a "trashmore" that's about 100 ft high (on Stock Island), but it's not considered since Solares Hill is listed as the high point.  There's a site called Peakbagger that lists high points taken from topographic maps.  Here's Miami's highpoint (20 feet) and Dade County's highpoint (35 feet). - Marc Averette (talk) 23:28, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

School superintendents
A correction needs to be made in the section dealing with schools. In Florida, almost ALL superindents are elected to office, not appointed by school boards. Nor are they necessarily "professional", though most have some teaching experience.``` —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.55.24.66 (talk) 20:35, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Not sure where you get that idea. A little over half (not "almost ALL") of the superintendents are elected, but the superintendents for ALL of the largest districts (effectively all that contain cities someone who doesn't live in Florida would have heard of) are appointed.  Further, relevant to this article, the superintendent for each of the South Florida school districts (Miami-Dade, Broward, and Palm Beach) are appointed.  How "professional" they are is up for debate, but they are selected as if they are professional... 108.74.28.81 (talk) 04:57, 26 June 2011 (UTC)

Name of MSA (redux)
The official name of the MSA is set by the Office of Management and Budget. That name has been Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Pompano Beach for a number of years now. Unless and until someone can cite a more recent bulletin or list from the Office of Management and Budget showing a new name, Pompano Beach is part of the name and West Palm Beach is not. As MSAs are defined by the OMB, using anything other than the name designated by the OMB is OR. -- Donald Albury 10:04, 10 August 2009 (UTC)

monthly housing costs
"monthly housing costs for mortgaged owners was $71,517"..., etc. Can someone source this? I think not. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Bollyjeff (talk • contribs) 19:43, 22 February 2011 (UTC)
 * I did a cursory Google to see if any hard numbers popped up; none did, so I dumped the sentence entirely and replaced it with cited figures about income percentage. If anybody gets real amounts, they can be added, but leaving the figures as they were adds nothing to WP's credibility. Fat&Happy (talk) 21:50, 22 February 2011 (UTC)

Requested move
<div class="boilerplate" style="background-color: #efe; margin: 2em 0 0 0; padding: 0 10px 0 10px; border: 1px dotted #aaa;">
 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved to "least worst choice" -- JHunterJ (talk) 14:25, 30 May 2012 (UTC)

South Florida metropolitan area → Miami metropolitan area – This is a long time coming: basically, this is far and away the most common name for this subject in the sources. The form "South Florida metropolitan area" is virtually never used outside of Wikipedia. Many sources that do use it are copies of or referring to Wikipedia, suggesting that Wikipedia's observer effect is making it more prominent - which is a problem. "South Florida" is used widely, but as the new article South Florida and its cited sources demonstrate, this term can refer to a much larger part of the state than just this three-county area. Reviewing sources for the Dade-Broward-Palm Beach County metro area, "Miami metropolitan area" or "Miami metro area" are by far the most common names for the topic. They return 5120 and 4170 sources on Google Books, respectively. I found a few dozen for "Miami-Ft. Lauderdale metropolitan area" and related searches, and 205 for the full Census name "Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL MSA". There though, some sources like this that refer to the MSA name then use the simpler form in the rest of the work. It's pretty clear that "Miami metropolitan area" is the most common, concise, natural, and precise name for this subject, and is consistent with Wikipedia practice on similar articles. relisted --Mike Cline (talk) 11:54, 22 May 2012 (UTC) Cúchullain t/ c 14:38, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
 * You might want to try "Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach MSA", because that is the OMB name for the metro region; Miami Beach hasn't been in the name for quite a while now. Just running a quick google search (no tailoring or checking for noise) pulled up 661,000 hits (with the term in quotes).
 * The issue (as has been noted before) is that places like Tequesta are 90 miles away from Miami, but are in the same metro area, because of the way the government defines metropolitan areas outside of New England. Most of the people in the northern half of Palm Beach County are not going to identify with Miami, and we'll have tedious and interminable discussions about splitting the article into individual Metropolitan Divisions, and so forth. Occasionally, Wikipedia has issues with terminology unique to itself because of limitations inherent to the software in regard to names. Witness the train wrecks over Macedonia (all four of them), Ireland (the country, the island, the national identity, among others), China (both of them, plus the porcelain product). I'm not dead set against it, but I don't like the idea of using Miami (which has about 8% of the entire metropolitan area's population) as the sole identifier. I suppose that my feedback would boil down to oppose move.  Horologium  (talk) 16:34, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Good point on the MSA name, my bad. On Google Books, I found only 8 hits for the current Census name, "Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, FL MSA" and only 1 for "Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-Pompano Beach MSA (a Census abstract). At any rate I think my findings are clear: by about any measure it appears that (1) "South Florida metropolitan area" is virtually never used outside of Wikipedia or sources copying it, meaning it's not an acceptable title, and (2) of all the possible options, "Miami metropolitan area" would appear to be the most common name for the subject at hand.--Cúchullain t/ c 18:10, 14 May 2012 (UTC)
 * We had a discussion on this recently, and I, very reluctantly, agreed that "Miami metropolitan area" was better than the alternatives. I think the real problem is that there is no common name of the three county area because the "Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach MSA" is an artificial construction of the Federal government for statistical purposes, and is not an entity that feels natural to most people familiar with the area. To me, the Miami metro area is pretty much confined to Miami-Dade County. Having lived in Miami for my first 20 years and more recently in Palm Beach County for 30 years or so, I cannot wrap my head around the idea that Palm Beach County is part of a Miami metro area. It just grates. -- Donald Albury 01:12, 15 May 2012 (UTC)
 * I just took a look at the results from the tailored google search Cúchullain ran for "Miami metropolitan area", and it's clear that there are going to be some problems. The first hit (other than the wikipedia article) is an e-book which is nothing more than a scrape of the Wikipedia article on "South Florida metropolitan area" and a bunch of statistics by zip code. The second book (which dates back to 1996) is specifically about Dade County (the map at the beginning of the section, while not large or clear, is only Dade County). The third book, which dates back to 2002, is also only about Dade County (the table on page 46 has entries for Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach). The next two don't have any clear information (their contents are not displayed). The next one (Spanish Pathway in Florida) discusses only Dade County, and as it dates to 1991, it also probably only addresses Miami, which was separate from Fort Lauderdale at that point. The following book doesn't have any viewable pages. The travel guide is a scrape of the Wikipedia article. The last hit on the first page, which dates back to 1997, addresses only Dade County. Remember that Miami and Fort Lauderdale were separate PMSAs until 2003, when the PMSA definition was abolished, and Palm Beach County was not even a part of the CMSA until then. I haven't bothered to look at the other list, considering the problems I found with the first.  Horologium  (talk) 11:23, 15 May 2012 (UTC)
 * My perspective is that we have to pick the most suitable and common title out of the underwhelming options. The current title is perhaps the very least suitable option, as it's a made-up construct that barely exists outside of Wikipedia. I don't see any refutation of this in either of the current oppose votes. Of all the options, "Miami metropolitan area", for all its problems, appears to be far and away the most common. Even discounting the sources referring only to Miami-Dade County, this still seems to be the case. In a cursory search I found the following works that use that form for the entire metro: These were just from the first couple of pages of a search of 21st century sources. That's already on pace to outnumber the handful of sources that refer to the "South Florida metropolitan area", a large majority of which are just copying or referring to Wikipedia's idiosyncratic usage.--Cúchullain t/ c  13:40, 15 May 2012 (UTC)

 * Support per nom. "Miami metropolitan area" is the least worst choice and is evidently the common name.  — <span style="border:1px solid #000073;background:#4D4DA6;padding:2px;color:#F9FFFF;text-shadow:black 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em"> AjaxSmack   04:20, 28 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Support per nom and AjaxSmack. - Presidentman talk · contribs Random Picture of the Day (Talkback) 12:21, 29 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Support move to "Miami metropolitan area." --Comayagua99 (talk) 00:41, 30 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Regarding this topic, I wrote this over at the South Florida talk page, so I'll copy it over here: Having both a South Florida article and a South Florida metropolitan area articles is confusing, as the two correlate to roughly the same geographic area. There's a lot of overlap between the two, and I'm worried this might create more confusion than is necessary. Either we [1] merge the two under "South Florida," or [2] keep "South Florida" as a broader regional term encompassing the geographic southern portion of the state, and move "South Florida metropolitan area" to "Greater Miami" or "Miami metropolitan area," and focus that article on Miami's official MSA. My main concern with the second option is, someone searching for "South Florida" is probably searching for information on the Miami metro area, not necessarily "Southern Florida."--Comayagua99 (talk) 00:44, 30 May 2012 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Map of Miami metro: Repaint/vectorize!
Hi! The Miami metro map badly needs a repainting or vectorization. You could use Open Street Map material. Can you do this? Cheers Horst-schlaemma (talk) 13:48, 10 January 2014 (UTC)

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The map in the infobox
The map displayed in the infobox shows the Miami urbanized area, which is part of, but not the same as, the Miami metropolitan area. The map used to have a caption that described it (see this dif), but the caption has been lost, and readers may be led to think it represents the MSA when it actually just represents the urbanized, or built-up, part of the MSA. - Donald Albury 01:33, 5 July 2018 (UTC)
 * And now that I think about it, the Miami urbanized area extends a little bit into Martin County (although it is hard to see that on the map). - Donald Albury 01:35, 5 July 2018 (UTC)

Weird paragraph
"The Miami metropolitan area also includes several urban clusters (UCs) as of the 2000 Census which are not part of the Miami Urbanized Area. These are the Belle Glade UC, population 24,218, area 20,717,433 square meters and population density of 3027.6 per square mile; Key Biscayne UC, population 10,513, area 4,924,214 square meters and population density of 5529.5 per square mile; Redland UC, population 3,936, area 10,586,212 square meters and population density of 963.0 per square mile; and West Jupiter UC, population 8,998, area 24,737,176 square meters and population density of 942.1 per square mile."

Why is this formatted like this? I'm pretty tired right now, or I'd try to fix this myself. (This is in the lede, by the way.) Skarmory   (talk •   contribs)  01:52, 6 February 2023 (UTC)

 * I added that paragraph about the urban clusters more than 16 years ago, when almost the whole article consisted of what is now the lead. That information is now more than 20 years old, and should either be updated (and moved down in the article) or removed. I may try to find the equivalent info from the 2020 census (although I have a backlog of things to look up), but that paragraph is no longer essential in the lead. Donald Albury 14:39, 6 February 2023 (UTC)

Using OMB definitions
I have corrected some items in the infobox and lead to match the OMB definitions. Please note that all of the population and economic data in the article are for the MSA as defined by the OMB. Changing the name of the MSA, or adding names to the list of "principal cities" without support from a citation to the most recent OMB bulletin, is original research. (See above for earlier discussions about the name of the MSA and the list of "principal cities".) I think something open to discussion is whether we want the list of "principal cities" in the article, and, if so, how high up in the article? Any list of "principal cities" must conform to the OMB defined list, however. Please note that any list of cities in the article must either be supported by a reliable source, or based on a simple criterion, such as the lists of cities by population size range that are currently in the article. We should not have any list that includes cities just because they are some editors' favorite, unless it includes all 104 incorporated municipalities in the MSA. Donald Albury 17:38, 21 May 2023 (UTC)

South Florida references
Since SoFlo is a whole region of the state and this refers to a metro area of a city shouldn’t we take out references to South Florida in the opening paragraph? Banan14kab (talk) 00:24, 30 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Miami metropolitan area


text:
Cesare Paoli

Cesare Paoli (1840–1902), Italian historian and paleographer, was the son of senator Baldassare Paoli. He was born and educated in Florence where at 21 he was given an appointment in the record office. From 1865 to 1871 he was attached to the archives of Siena, but eventually returned to Florence. In 1874 he was appointed first professor of palaeography and diplomatics at the Istituto di Studii Superiori in Florence, where he continued to work at the interpretation of manuscripts. In 1887 he became editor of the Archivio storico italiano, contributing numerous articles. His works consist of many historical essays, studies on palaeography, transcriptions of state and other papers, reviews, etc.

title: Cesare Paoli


text:
User talk:Satman

Kayaking, surfing etc......Please do not add commercial links (or links to your own private websites) to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a vehicle for advertising or a mere collection of external links. You are, however, encouraged to add content instead of links to the encyclopedia. See the welcome page to learn more. Thanks.

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia , I hope you will like it here and decide to stay.

You may want to take a look at the welcome page, tutorial, and stylebook, avoiding common mistakes and Wikipedia is not pages.

Here are some links I've found useful:
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * Merge
 * New user log
 * Be Bold
 * Don't let grumpy users scare you off
 * Wikiquette
 * Contributing to Wikipedia
 * User page
 * How to upload files
 * Image copyright tags

Also: To sign comments on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~~~~. This will automatically add your username and the time after your comments. Signing with three tildes ~~~ will just sign your username. I hope to see you around Wikipedia! If you have any questions, feel free to contact me on my talk page!

Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

04:49, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Satman


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Who's Your Papi

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was REDIRECT to Who's your daddy?. — J I P | Talk 15:25, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Who's Your Papi
Tagged for speedy without a reason (though the talk page refers to needing cleaning). Since I don't think it's a speedy, it comes here instead. -Splash talk 02:38, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable chant by fans of Boston Red Sox. Andrew pmk | Talk 03:46, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Who's your daddy, which already documents the event. Tito xd 05:27, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect per above. Ilmari Karonen 15:45, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect → Who's your daddy? as per Titoxd. ~⌈Markaci⌋ 2005-10-5 T 01:42:14 Z
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Capa City 711

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE and tell the sock puppets that "abstain" means "neutral vote", not "save from deletion". — J I P | Talk 15:34, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Capa City 711
was tagged as speedy, probably not Abstain. -- ( ☺ drini ♫ | ☎ ) 02:38, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Has no context and makes no sense (to me at least).  A google search for "Capa City 711" returns 0 results, so doesn't seem there's anything notable to write about anyway.  --W.marsh 03:27, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Original research/essay. Andrew pmk | Talk 03:47, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain Its very needed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.82.225.15 (talk • contribs) 2005-10-01 03:50:23 UTC
 * A group of schoolchildren had a vague idea to make something called "Capa City". They couldn't settle on whether they were going to make a game, a comic, or a film.  It doesn't exist, and this article is an outline of their idea, apparently written by them, along with a request for people to contact the group if they are interested.  Wikipedia is not an advertising billboard.  It is not a vehicle that people may use for hawking their ideas for games and films to the rest of the world.  It's an encyclopaedia.  This sort of thing belongs on the authors' own web site.  Delete. Uncle G 13:49, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Uncle G. It's skirting close to several speedy categories, but probably isn't quite speediable. Ilmari Karonen 15:52, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete seems like somebody is using wikipedia as a free web server for personal use to me. --rob 17:49, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Uncle G. --Metropolitan90 04:02, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Uncle G. I can't tell if these people are brilliant or crazy, or both, but this is not a Wikipedia article. MCB 06:58, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain This is the greatest idea since the Colliseum and chicken fingers, it belongs on Wikipedia because Nishant is a genius and must be praised. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.196.171.108 (talk • contribs)
 * Abstain While this hasn't been completed, it's a real cool ida that should at least be finished before it's deleted! --67.81.222.84 22:29, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain This was a project which if realized would influence generations to come. This does not seem to be a 'vanity project.' The Title refers to many things it seems like however abstract they are. There might be some ambiguous statements, but that does not constitue deletion. Let these free spirits continue for Wikipedia should in the bowels of all its knowledge in future years hold this concept, and it does seem as a concept, exist for the future generations. — Preceding unsigned comment added by User: (talk • contribs)
 * Abstain SAVE FROM DELETION!!! This article falls under a category that shouldn't be deleted. --67.81.215.131 01:32, 3 October 2005 (UTC) note--67.81.222.84 01:39, 3 October 2005 (UTC): I fixed this because this person didn't comment correctly and added more then one Abstain67.81.222.84
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Avolar

Avolar Aerolíneas, S.A. de C.V. (sensational spelling of "a volar", roughly meaning "Let's fly") was a low-cost airline based in Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico, with corporate offices in Tijuana. The airline operated a domestic network of 17 cities as of October 2008. Avolar's main base was located at the sole large-hangar facility at the General Abelardo L. Rodríguez International Airport in Tijuana. The airline's slogan was "La aerolinea de la gente", meaning "The airline of the people".

History
Avolar began operations on 7 September 2005 with a single Boeing 737-500 aircraft.

On August 4, 2008, the Mexican Ministry of Communications and Transports suspended all Avolar operations due to tax debts, leaving thousands stranded at Tijuana Airport. Four days later, the airline resumed all flights.

On the night of October 3, 2008, Mexico's aviation authorities again suspended Avolar operations; the airline canceled flights from Tijuana International Airport that were bound for Guadalajara and Cuernavaca at that time without any previous warning, leaving 160 passengers stranded at the airport. However, 13 hours later, on October 4, the airline resumed all services normally.

On October 28, 2008, the Secretaria de Comunicaciones y Transportes (SCT), Mexico's Communications and Transports Secretariat, finally barred Avolar from all operations, due to the illegal operations of the airline after its airspace operative concession had expired the previous day, leaving employees with no compensation.

Destinations
Avolar operated to the following destinations within Mexico:

 * Acapulco
 * Aguascalientes
 * Colima
 * Cuernavaca
 * Culiacán
 * Durango
 * Guadalajara
 * Hermosillo
 * La Paz
 * León
 * Los Mochis
 * Morelia
 * Puebla
 * Querétaro City
 * Tapachula
 * Tepic
 * Tijuana
 * Toluca
 * Uruapan
 * Zacatecas
 * Zihuatanejo

Fleet
As of November 2008, the Avolar fleet included the following aircraft:

 * 5 Boeing 737-300
 * 3 Boeing 737-500

Retired fleet

 * 2 Boeing 737-200

title: Avolar


text:
Talk:Willie Parker

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 1 March 2019 and 10 May 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Benw26.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 13:01, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Explanation of revert
A bunch of info was added by anon (67.176.233.122) that was a cut and paste job from http://www.steelers.com/team/player/49229/ or a mirror of that page. What's more it's just fragmented data, not even complete sentences or tables like Wikipedia articles usually are. I'm reverting. Of course anyone is more than welcome to re-add this info, in a version that isn't a cut and paste (and thus probably a copyright violation).

Not quite sure about the pitbulls comment he made earlier. Am I missing something? --W.marsh 02:45, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Dunno who it was. I (jesse_d_s) just put in some season stats and wasn't logged in. --jesse_d_s Jan 19, 2006

Removal of NPOV tag
I removed the NPOV tag on the College and Pro career part of the page. If that portion is POV, please explain why on the discussion boards. Akshayaj 19:10, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

Biography assessment rating comment
The article may be improved by following the WikiProject Biography 11 easy steps to producing at least a B article.-- Jreferee 22:03, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Willie-parker.jpg
Image:Willie-parker.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.<!-- Template:Missing rationale2.

title: Talk:Willie Parker


text: File:Eugène Paquet.jpg

title: File:Eugène Paquet.jpg


text:
File:User-Consequencefree.jpg

Summary
Picture of Ardent (User:Consequencefree) for his userpage

title: File:User-Consequencefree.jpg


text: User talk:81.157.223.150

title: User talk:81.157.223.150


text:
The Silver Lining (video game)

The Silver Lining (TSL) is an episodic video fangame based on the King's Quest series, which was developed and released in free download format by Phoenix Online Studios for Microsoft Windows starting on July 18, 2010. While five chapters were planned, the most recent release, ''Episode 4: 'Tis in My Memory Locked. And You Yourself Shall Hold The Key Of It'', was released on November 8, 2011.

Although the game features 3D graphics, its gameplay departs from Sierra Online's last King's Quest release, The Mask of Eternity, which was mainly criticized for its RPG-like atmosphere, and settles into that created by the previous titles (for example, the setting returns to the land of the Green Isles, visited in King's Quest VI: Heir Today, Gone Tomorrow, while some recurring characters include Mannanan from King's Quest III: To Heir Is Human and Pan from King's Quest IV: The Perils of Rosella). The plot itself revolves around King Graham as he desperately seeks the help of ancient druidic artifacts to undo the evil cast upon his children, Alexander and Rosella.

The fifth and final episode for the series, A Thousand Times Good Night, remains in development in 2020 after multiple delays since 2011. Since Phoenix Online Studios changed its name to Phoenix Online Publishing on 19 May 2014 in order to respecialize for publishing of independent quest games and focus on more profitable endeavors. The company soon made a statement of releasing all rights to the game to Activision upon request. In August the same year, Activision began to collaborate with its Sierra Entertainment division on new King's Quest game.

Episodes

 * "Episode 1: What is Decreed Must Be" (July 10, 2010)
 * "Episode 2: Two Households" (September 18, 2010)
 * "Episode 3: My Only Love Sprung From My Only Hate" (February 17, 2011)
 * "Episode 4: ‘Tis in My Memory Locked. And You Yourself Shall Hold The Key Of It" (November 6, 2011)
 * "Episode 5: A Thousand Times Goodnight" (Unknown. Development team has not announced a date)

Game development
Production of TSL began in October 2000. After a long period of limited production and loss of focus, the original team was reorganized under César Bittar, previously one of the project writers, in January 2002. Dividing the production crew into five departments (Art, Design, Audio, Programming, and Public Relations), he turned Phoenix into an efficient working unit. Little of the original plot was kept, so its resemblance to the original team's concept is limited.

The game was intended to be released as a trilogy, but later was altered to be released as a single game. The finished game was to contain Chapters 1 and 2 at first, but soon into the plot writing, a third chapter was added, and then the team has added two more. Although it has been originally proposed to end the game on a cliffhanger, the team has actually thought through a "decent" ending, but has yet to implement it due to delays and increased attention on commercial projects.

A short demo of Chapter 1 was released on July 30, 2006. A beta testing build containing 3 scenes from Chapter 1 was released on March 9, 2008. Later in June 2009 the team said that in the next couple of months they would be working to put the finishing touches on the game and submit it to Vivendi Games, Inc for approval. There was a delay in production from late 2009 to early 2010, when the first chapter was finally achieved and released on 18 July.

After releasing Chapters 3 and 4, many of the team workers have abandoned the project due to budget issues, and went on to perform paid work for their second game, Cognition. Bittar said in late 2011 that he has managed to keep 5-6 guys still working on TSL, basically for free, and that he was looking to split the studios into two divisions in order to retain interest in the game. Several files have since then leaked online on quest forums, but none amount to be sufficient to complete Chapter 5. In mid-2012, one of Phoenix's workers said a Telltale Games forum thread that the company has decided to release Chapter 5 for free to anyone willing to finish it. The sequence of events surrounding this statement remains unclear.

Delays and legal issues
The initial project was titled King's Quest IX: Every Cloak Has A Silver Lining (or KQ IX for short). Due to legal issues with Vivendi Games, Inc in 2005, and parent company Activision throughout 2009—10, the title has been changed.

From its inception, the TSL project's stated intention was to give closure to the King's Quest series with the belief and assertion that the project was legal under U.S. fair use copyright law, though acknowledging that this was a legal gray area. The developers maintained a notice on their site promising to end the project if confronted by Vivendi Universal, the owner of the King's Quest license. In September 2005, after over four years of development, and immediately after providing their first trailer and announcing a release date, Phoenix Online Studios received a cease and desist e-mail from Vivendi. Phoenix kept their word and immediately halted all development on the project as they entered negotiations with Vivendi. Once the news was made public, fans of the game and the series began a mass mailing and e-mailing campaign organized by the Save King's Quest IX team to persuade Vivendi to allow Phoenix Online Studios to complete the project.

On November 29, 2005, Phoenix Online Studios was granted a Fan License by Vivendi. The license allowed for resumption of project development with the requirement that the title be changed to remove the "King's Quest" reference. All characters, locations, art, story, plot, and script content were permitted to remain unchanged. According to César Bittar, the full title at the time was The Silver Lining: a game inspired by the King's Quest series.

After Vivendi Games merged with Activision in 2008, the latter became the new owner of the King's Quest franchise. Subsequently, Activision revoked the non-commercial license agreement previously negotiated between Vivendi and Phoenix Online Studios. After several months of negotiations, Activision issued its own cease-and-desist to The Silver Lining team, requesting that they cease production and take down all related materials on the game website. On June 26, 2010, Activision had changed its mind and decided to allow The Silver Lining to be released, which was agreed on condition of TSL remaining a free release and Activision still keeping the rights to all the content bearing resemblance to the original series.

Sometime in June 2014 Phoenix has turned over the rights to Activision, whose owners were looking to reboot the series, but keeping it a secret (this is why Phoenix has started with a statement of becoming a publisher first). On August 7, Activision has announced the opening Sierra Entertainment, which then presented the official reboot of the series in 2015. Sierra now legally retains the rights to TSL publication, but so far, the game is still available for free at Phoenix. In fact, TSL has always been the intellectual property of Activision, who once simply granted Phoenix the right to produce their game for freeware distribution, with all changes upon request (like removing "King's Quest" from the title).

Release
"Episode 1: What is Decreed Must Be" was released on July 10, 2010 as a free download and served as a "re-introduction" to the world of King's Quest. The chapter focused on setting the stage for the following episodes.

"Episode 2: Two Households" was released on September 18, 2010 as a free download. Marking a return to classic, Sierra-style adventure, Episode 2 sees King Graham investigate the mysterious curse upon his children as he searches for ingredients for an antidote. Taking into account criticism from the gaming community in response to Episode 1, Phoenix Online implemented numerous improvements to The Silver Lining for the release of Episode 2, including an option to toggle between shorter and longer narrations, improved pathfinding, a more realistic walking animation, the addition of a run/walk mode, and widescreen support.

"Episode 3: My Only Love Sprung From My Only Hate" was released on February 18, 2011 as a free download. This chapter contains more puzzles than the last two episodes and features King Graham's continuing quest to free his children. As a return to the classic problem-solving of the older games, note-taking is recommended, as well as returning multiple times to certain areas to see what has changed.

"Episode 4: Tis in My Memory Locked and You Yourself Shall Keep the Key of It" was released on November 6, 2011 as a free download.

"Episode 5: A Thousand Times Goodnight": Development status unknown. No release date has been announced.

Reception
The first episode of The Silver Lining was met with both praise and disappointment often in the same review, with most criticizing the voice acting, the lack of puzzles, and the short length. The reaction to the quality of the graphics and music was more mixed in nature. Most said they would be giving the future episodes a try. MobyGames calculated an overall aggregate score of 68 based on eight reviews, while Metacritic was calculated an overall score of 66 based on five reviews.

MobyGames gave the second episode an aggregate score of 73 based on six reviews, and the third episode a score of 67 based on five reviews. There is no score given on Metacritic for any but the first episode.

title: The Silver Lining (video game)


text:
Atal

Atal or Attal is a Pashto language word which means Champion or triumph:

 * Atal, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia
 * Atal Nagar or Nava Raipur, a city and planned capital of Chhattisgarh, India
 * Atal Tunnel, a road tunnel being constructed in Himachal Pradesh, India
 * As Tall as Lions, an American musical group
 * As Tall as Lions (album), their 2006 album
 * Technological and Logistics Directorate, of the Israel Defense Forces
 * Atal, a character of the Cthulhu Mythos

People with the given name

 * Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924–2018), Prime Minister of India
 * Atal Bihari Panda, Indian actor

Entertainment

 * Atal (TV series), an Indian TV series

People with surname

 * Bakhtarullah Atal, Afghan cricketer
 * Bishnu S. Atal (born 1933), Indian-American researcher
 * Hira Lal Atal (1905–1985), Indian general
 * Yogesh Atal (1937–2018), Indian sociologist
 * Youcef Atal (born 1996), Algerian footballer

title: Atal


text:
Talk:Frak

Frak versus the Atari game
"Believe it or not, there IS a difference between Frak and Frak! The first is a Battlestar Galactica-ism and the latter is an old Atari game. (see TALK page)"
 * This is similar to the difference between Googol and Google. They may sound the same, seem the same, but they are very different. A little s[pelling goes a long way.
 * (Anyone up for a Frak (disambiguation) page?
 * (kidding!!!)
 * VigilancePrime 22:44, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

Frak was used in the original Battlestar Galactica as a curse word, typically yelled (Frak!) during a tense moment in a space battle. However, it has come into its own with the new BSG as it is used in every possible form (Frak you!, frakkin' toasters, We're frakked!, You've been frakking her, haven't you?). A similar strategy was used with the TV show Farscape and its use of the word frell/frelling/frelled.

From the Wikiquette page: "...please do not create an entry merely to define a term. Sometimes an article can and should begin with a good definition..."

This page does not merely define the term Frak. It gives the history and source, as well as a little on how this term, created solely for a fictional show, has come into common language in limited form.

"Merely" defining the term would be impossible as there is no one official definition. There is relevance of this just as much as there is to the other single words linked from this article and the main Battlestar Galactica (2003) article.

(Also of note: the Wikionary has no entry for Frak.)

VigilancePrime 02:44, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The word frak has some pop culture equity. I see no reason why it doesn't deserve an article. 23skidoo 02:48, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

I agree, furthermore there is room for some discussion to be had about it as an example of a property of naturalistic science fiction, using cursing as a way to humanize their characters. Both Firefly and BSG find clever ways to incorporate swearing into the shows. "Frak" is interesting enough to deserve its own article and that is certainly true if one includes the aformentioned dimension, since it shows the term has importance outside of the BSG world. 67.165.66.203 03:05, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

It's an ersatz for "fuck"—that much is stated in the redirected articles and there's little to the subject beyond that. I will nominate this for AfD if you revert it again. — Phil Welch 06:25, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * You're right, 23skidoo, it certainly is enough of a phenomenon in itself. Only Phil seems to think he owns the Battlestar Galactica page and everything related to it. (And reading the Galactica talk pages, that observation is solidified.) VigilancePrime 07:15, 1 October 2005 (UTC) [BTW: is that a threat, the AFD comment? The wording is in the form of a threat. Why is it, Phil, that you cannot seem to allow anyone to think something different from you? People agree that it should have its own page. What was (is?) included in this page is much more thorough than what is in the BSG page. Wikipedia itself specifically gives guidance about deleting recently-created pages even too, which is what you effectively have done twice to a page that clearly meets that criteria.]

Additional note: if you read the ersatz page, you will also see that 1. the accuracy is disputed and 2. it is NOT a noun in English, but an adjective. That means that the statement "frak is an ersatz for fuck" is an erroneous statement. (and on the side, Mr. Objects-to-dictionary-like-articles is referencing a very dictionary-like article...) VigilancePrime 07:22, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thank you, Captain Grammar. Please read What Wikipedia is not to understand the policy basis behind not having dictionary definitions as articles. Articles like fuck, cunt, and nigger explore beyond the dictionary definition of a word to the history, usage, and cultural significance these words have—something that cannot be accomplished for this article without making the leap to (a) making things up and (b) treating what is presently a small SF fandom community as culturally significant. As for listing it on AfD, AfD is a place to gain community consensus on whether an article is acceptable for inclusion in Wikipedia—consensus that is clearly not present here. — Phil Welch 20:06, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * You're welcome. :-) (that was a joke)
 * Placing it on AFD would be fine; the tone of the first message, though, came across as threatening. (Granted, it can be difficult, I realize, in text only, to properly convey intended tone.)
 * It just seems like an equal violation of Wikipedia principle to categorically delete the page (which is effectively what you did both times). No reason it couldn't remain at least long enough to build more. The different possibilities and usages of Frak give it an article larger than many already on Wikipedia.
 * (For that matter, some of the character pages could be removed too, as they were smaller and said little beyond the BSG article and they were not even regular guests, but slightly more than recurring extras with lines, but we have a little flexibility for articles that have growth potential.)
 * FWIW, Frak easily can and eventually should find itself an independant article again, especially the way the BSG producers et al are pushing the show and expanding on everything, including the various uses of the term. There's many points that were in the original frak article that are not in the BSG article.
 * VigilancePrime 20:29, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

I've largely added those points to the BSG article. I personally would like to keep the BSG-space on Wikipedia relatively small, since, wonderful series though it is, it has nowhere near the fandom of Star Wars or Star Trek, and it would be simpler and more maintainable to keep everything in a small number of articles. — Phil Welch 20:39, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree that it would be simpler and could be more maintainable (so long as the organization was planned out and constantly updated) to have the information in a base article. There is, though, the consideration that people may tend to be more willing to read a couple smaller articles (not small, but just less big) than one huge one.
 * As for the fan base, currently yes, BSG has not the fanbase, but I'm sure you can envision a time where it could catch and possibly surpass one (or both? probably not, but you never know) of them. Especially considering the phenomenal response and ratings it has been getting, in spite of a lot of classic Galactica fans originally boycotting or hating it (I admit to being one of those uninclined to watch initially).
 * And, Phil, I saw a couple of your recent edits/adds/rephrases on the BSG page and wanted to point out that you're right on about the CNP program and Six's connection to it, and your recent mods have been good. (Point to note: we all can get along, and I would like to.)
 * VigilancePrime 20:52, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

I search for Frak, an old Acorn/BBC computer game, and immediately get sent to the Battlestar Galactica page. This is very, very confusing. Cpc464 16:27, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

 * So did I. So I've changed the redirect to point to Frak! instead. -- Etimbo ( Talk) 22:43, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

Add new ETF with fund ticker "FRAK"
I added FRAK a new ETF Mutual Fund with Ticker Symbol FRAK, commencement 2/14/2012. Ref: http://vaneck.com/funds/FRAK.aspx?redirectVE=generic HalFonts (talk) 01:53, 29 April 2012 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Frak (expletive) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 00:01, 13 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Frak


text:
User talk:Lionosmom

I have decided to contribute now! Lionosmom 02:37, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lionosmom


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Lyot stop

A Lyot stop (also called a glare stop) is an optical stop, invented by French astronomer Bernard Lyot, that reduces the amount of flare caused by diffraction of other stops and baffles in optical systems.

Lyot stops are located at images of the system's entrance pupil and have a diameter slightly smaller than the pupil's image. Examples of applications can be found in Ref.

title: Lyot stop


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Dolní Věstonice (archaeological site)

Dolní Věstonice (often without diacritics as Dolni Vestonice) is an Upper Paleolithic archaeological site near the village of Dolní Věstonice in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic, at the base of Mount Děvín, 550 m. It dates to approximately 26,000 BP, as supported by radiocarbon dating. The site is unique in that it has been a particularly abundant source of prehistoric artifacts (especially art) dating from the Gravettian period, which spanned roughly from 27,000 to 20,000 BC. In addition to the abundance of art, this site also includes carved representations of men, women, and animals, along with personal ornaments, human burials and enigmatic engravings.

Introduction
Soon after excavations of this site began in 1924, the significance of Dolní Věstonice became apparent. Thousands of ceramic artifacts, many of which depicted animals, were found associated with the site. The animals molded in the clay include lions, rhinoceroses, and mammoths. These figurines have been interpreted to have been of some ceremonial significance to the ancient occupants of the site. In addition to these artifacts, two figurines depicting women were found. One of the figurines, known as the Black Venus, was found on a hillside amongst charred mammoth bones; the other depicted a woman with a deformed face. Speculation regarding the relation of the second Venus figurine with a woman buried at the site, who had a deformation on the same side of the face, may imply a connection between the two. This woman’s skeleton was found buried under the scapula of a mammoth, with a fox pelt and red ochre. Such a burial is attributed to the relative importance of this individual to the people who occupied this site. Contrary to popular beliefs regarding the hunting practices of people living in the Upper Pleistocene, the inhabitants of this site did not solely chase mammoths with spears. Indentations of netting on the clay floors of the huts found at the site were preserved in the archaeological record when the structures burned down, hardening the clay. These indentations strongly suggest that these people were using nets to catch smaller prey in addition to hunting mammoths with spears. Finally, shells found at the site have been shown to originate from the Mediterranean, suggesting these people either traveled to collect them or were trade partners with other groups nearby.

Organization of living space
Dolní Věstonice is an open-air site located along a stream. Its people hunted mammoths and other herd animals, saving mammoth and other bones that could be used to construct a fence-like boundary, separating the living space into a distinct inside and outside. In this way, the perimeter of the site would be easily distinguishable. At the center of the enclosure was a large bonfire and huts were grouped together within the barrier of the bone fence.

Tally stick
The so-called Wolf bone is a prehistoric artifact discovered in 1937 during excavations led by Karel Absolon. Dated to the Aurignacian, approximately 30,000 years ago, the bone is marked with 55 marks which some believe to be tally marks. The head of an ivory Venus figurine was excavated close to the bone.

Dugout
At an isolated site 80 meters upstream lies a lean-to shelter dug into an embankment. An estimated 2,300 clay figurines of various animals were found in and around the remains of a kiln. It may be one of the first instances of a covered oven, hot enough to fire clay. Most of the figurines were broken and found in fragments. General consensus agrees that they were likely intentionally and perhaps ritualistically broken, but offers no conclusive reason. One hypothesis posits that these figurines had magical significance, and were intentionally fashioned from wet clay so that they would explode when fired.

Female figurines
The Dolní Věstonice artifacts also include some of the earliest examples of fired clay sculptures, including the Venus of Dolní Věstonice, and date back to 26,000 BP. The female figurine is a ceramic statuette depiction of a wide-hipped, nude female. This figurine is similar to other figurines found throughout the area at nearby archaeological sites such as Willendorf and the Caves of Grimaldi (see Grimaldi Man). In 2004, a tomograph scan of the figurine showed a fingerprint of a child who must have handled it before it was fired. A majority of the clay figurines at Dolní Věstonice were found around either the dugout or the central fire pit located within the site.

Carved ivory figure of young man
Particularly striking is a sculpture which may represent the first example of portraiture (i.e., representation of a specific person). The majority of anthropomorphic figures on this site bear no distinct facial features, but this figure, carved in mammoth ivory, is roughly three inches high. The subject appears to be a young man with heavy bone structure, thick, long hair reaching past his shoulders, and possibly traces of a beard. Originally found in 1891, there was concern that the finding might be a hoax. Particle spectrometry analysis conducted at the University of Kansas Space Technology Center placed the date of the carved surface of the ivory at around 26,000 BP.

Carved ivory figure of elder
A carved ivory figure in the shape of a female head was discovered near the huts. The left side of the figure’s face was distorted.

Description of elder's burial
One of the burials, located near the huts, revealed a human female skeleton aged to 40+ years old, ritualistically placed beneath a pair of mammoth scapulae, one leaning against the other. Surprisingly, the left side of the skull was disfigured in the same manner as the aforementioned carved ivory figure, indicating that the figure was an intentional depiction of this specific individual. The bones and the earth surrounding the body contained traces of red ochre, a flint spearhead had been placed near the skull, and one hand held the body of a fox. This evidence suggests that this was the burial site of a shaman. This is the oldest site not only of ceramic figurines and artistic portraiture, but also of evidence of female shamans.

Burial of three individuals
During an excavation at the site in 1986, a well-preserved triple burial was unearthed. The site is dated to be 28 kya. The remains of three male individuals were found. It was initially believed that the middle of the three bodies was a female, but recent DNA evidence has proved the body was a male. The bodies were lying in an extended lengthwise position, covered by burnt spruce logs and branches. The body in the middle was placed first, being partially covered by the other two. The other two were in different positions. One was faced down and the other on his side with hands reaching the pubic region of the middle body. The heads of all three were covered with red ochre, the central body also having red ochre around his pubis. All three individuals are theorized to be related based on three rare traits: unilateral absence of the frontal sinus, specific auditory exostoses, and impaction of the upper wisdom teeth. Each individual is believed to be about 16–25 years old at the time of death. The central body suffers from a genetic pathology resulting in the curved form of his legs. Red ochre, a pigment commonly used for rituals, was found over the pelvis.

Textiles
Imprints of textiles pressed into clay were found at the site. Evidence from several sites in the Czech Republic indicate that the weavers of Upper Palaeolithic were using a variety of techniques that enabled them to produce plaited basketry, nets, and sophisticated twined and plain woven cloth.

Interpretation
A burial of an approximately forty-year-old woman was found at Dolní Věstonice in an elaborate burial setting. Various items found with the woman have had a profound impact on the interpretation of the social hierarchy of the people at the site, as well as indicating an increased lifespan for these inhabitants. The remains were covered in red ochre, a compound known to have religious significance, indicating that this woman’s burial was ceremonial in nature. Also, the inclusion of a mammoth scapula and a fox are indicative of a high-status burial.

In the Upper Paleolithic, anatomically modern humans began living longer, often reaching middle age, by today’s standards. Rachel Caspari argues that life expectancy increased during the Upper Paleolithic in Europe. She also describes why elderly people were highly influential in society. Grandparents assisted in childcare, perpetuated cultural transmission, and contributed to the increased complexity of stone tools. The woman found at Dolní Věstonice was old enough to have been a grandparent. Although human lifespans were increasing, elderly individuals in Upper Paleolithic societies were still relatively rare. Because of this, it is possible that the woman was attributed with great importance and wisdom, and revered because of her age. Because of her advanced age, it is also possible she had a decreased ability to care for herself, instead relying on her family group to care for her, which indicates strong social connections.

Furthermore, a female figurine was found at the site and is believed to be associated with the aged woman, because of remarkably similar facial characteristics. The woman was found to have deformities on the left side of her face. The special importance accorded with her burial, in addition to her facial deformity, makes it possible that she was a shaman in this time period, where it was “not uncommon that people with disabilities, either mental or physical, are thought to have unusual supernatural powers” (Pringle 2010).

In 1981, Patricia Rice studied a multitude of female clay figurines found at Dolní Věstonice, believed to represent fertility in this society. She challenged this assumption by analyzing all the figurines and found that, "it is womanhood, rather than motherhood that is symbolically recognized or honored" (Rice 1981: 402). This interpretation challenged the widely held assumption that all prehistoric female figurines were created to honor fertility.

Archaeogenetics
Three inhabitants of Dolní Věstonice, lived 31,155 years ago (calibrated date) and were found to have mitochondrial haplogroup U, and one inhabitant mitochondrial haplogroup U8.

The Věstonice individuals form a distinct genetic cluster which is the result of an admixture between 'Western' and 'Eastern' lineages, represented by the genomes of the c. 35,000 year-old Goyet Q116-1 individual from Belgium and the c. 34,000 year-old Sunghir individuals from Western Russia, respectively. The Věstonice individuals show greater affinity to the Sunghir individuals than to the Goyet Q116-1 individual, and can be modelled as approximately 64% Sunghir-related and 36% Goyet-Q116-related ancestry.

The Y-chromosome observed among Vestonice 16 belonged to haplogroup C1a2 (V20+, V86+). In the Vestonice 13 sample, the Y chromosomal haplogroup CT (not IJK-L16) (CTS109+, CTS5318+, CTS6327+, CTS8243+, CTS9556+, Z17718+, Y1571+, M5831+) was determined, for the Vestonice 15 sample, the Y chromosome haplogroup BT (PF1178+), and for the Vestonice 43 sample, the Y chromosome haplogroup F (not I) (P145+, P158+).

title: Dolní Věstonice (archaeological site)