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Mount Panorama Circuit

Mount Panorama Circuit is a motor racing track located in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia. It is situated on Mount Panorama and is best known as the home of the Bathurst 1000 motor race held each October, and the Bathurst 12 Hour event held each February. The track is a 6.213 km long street circuit, which is used as a public road when no racing events are being run, with many residences which can only be accessed from the circuit.

The track has an unusual design by modern standards, with a 174 m vertical difference between its highest and lowest points, and grades as steep as 1:6.13. From the start-finish line, the track can be viewed in three sections; the short pit straight and then a tight left turn into the long, steep Mountain straight; the tight, narrow section across the top of the mountain itself; and then the long, downhill section of Conrod Straight, with the very fast Chase and the turn back onto the pit straight to complete the lap.

Historically, the racetrack has been used for a wide variety of racing categories, including everything from open-wheel racers to motorcycles. With tighter safety regulations and less tolerance of risk, motorcycle racing is no longer conducted at the circuit, and open-wheel racing events did not occur for many years until a Formula 3 event was added as a support race for the Bathurst 12 Hour in 2012. It is registered as a Grade 3 racing circuit by the FIA. Grade 3 racing circuits are permitted to hold FIA-sanctioned events with cars with a weight/power ratio of 2–3 kg/hp, which includes all current Australian domestic racing categories except S5000 (which were consequently modified to reduce maximum power for the event held there).

As a public road, on non-race days and when it is not closed off during the day as part of a racing event, Mount Panorama is open to the public. Cars can drive in both directions around the circuit for no charge. A strict speed limit of 60 km/h is enforced, and police regularly patrol the circuit. The National Motor Racing Museum is located next to the Mount Panorama Circuit.

The venue's infield and pit parking served as the home of the 2023 World Athletics Cross Country Championships.

Early history
The area's racing history dates back to the 1900s. A man by the name of Dr. Machattie persuaded two local builders to drive from Melbourne to Bathurst- a 793 km drive in his steam-powered Thomson. Various circuits made up of public roads made up of dirt and tarmac were raced on starting in 1906. Until 1913, races took place on the 20.5 mi Peel-Limekilns circuit, then from 1914 to 1925 the 15.5 mi Yetholme circuit was used, then the incredibly long 62.5 mi Sunny Corner (also known as the Mount Horrible circuit) circuit was used from 1926 to 1930 and the 7 mi Vale Circuit was used from 1931 to 1937. Construction of the Mount Panorama circuit commenced in mid-1936. The first race meeting, for motorcycles, was held on 16 April 1938 and the first race, the 1938 Junior Tourist Trophy, was won by 20 year old Queenslander Les Sherrin riding a Norton. The first car race, the 1938 Australian Grand Prix, was held two days later and was won by Peter Whitehead driving an ERA.

The circuit
It also has the fastest corner in touring car racing,, the kink at the entrance to the Chase. French sportscar driver Alexandre Prémat, who later raced as a Supercars regular, once described the circuit as "A mix of the (Nürburgring) Nordschleife, Petit Le Mans (Road Atlanta) and Laguna Seca". Nürburgring 24 Hours winner Kévin Estre claimed that "half of the track is the Nordschleife, half of the track is Macau".

The Pit Straight
The Pit Straight of Mount Panorama, which is adjacent to the pit complex, has a different start line and finish line. For the standing start only, the start line is 143 m closer to Hell Corner so that traffic does not go too far around Murray's Corner when the start grid is formed. The finish line is positioned such that all of the pit bays are located after it.

Hell Corner
The common misconception of nomenclature due to the accidents that happen at this turn are widespread. Hell Corner was named after a tree stump that existed on the apex of the turn. It was believed that any motorcycle riders who hit the stump would die in an act of folly and thereby be doomed to an eternity of birth.

Mountain Straight
Mountain Straight is a long straight that begins the climb up the mountain towards Griffins Bend. V8 Supercars reach speeds of up to 290 km/h before the braking point for Griffins Bend. In the days before modern aerodynamics, drivers would have to lift off the throttle to prevent becoming airborne over the crest halfway up the straight. The crest also caused problems during the old Easter motorbike races at the circuit with a number of riders having serious crashes due to not lifting before the crest and their bikes becoming airborne.

Since late 2022 a campaign is being run to have Mountain Straight renamed to Moffat Mountain Straight or Moffat Straight, honouring the Ford driver Allan Moffat and his fierce competition with Holden's Peter Brock, which personified the uniquely Australian Ford vs Holden rivalry. This rivalry popularised the annual 500 mile (later 1000KM) race and made it a national event, even for non motor sport followers.

Griffins Bend
Named after Martin Griffin, the Mayor of Bathurst whose vision it was to create the circuit, drivers heading around this right-hander have to be careful not to drift too far out of this negatively cambered turn and hit the wall upon exit. David Besnard suffered a fiery crash here in 2011 after he arrived at the corner in his Ford Falcon FG with insufficient front brake pressure having come straight out of the pit-lane with new brakes.

The Cutting
A pair of left hand corners leading into a steep 1 in 6 grade exit, overtaking in this section of circuit is difficult and it is very hard to recover from a spin here because of the narrow room and steep gradient. This corner was the location of the infamous 'race rage' incident between Marcos Ambrose and Greg Murphy. The pair collided when both drivers refused to give the other racing room late in the 2005 Supercheap Auto 1000, with the resulting incident partially blocking the circuit.

Quarry Corner
Sometimes confused with Griffins Bend, Quarry Corner is a right hander that immediately follows the Cutting. The corner is named after the quarry below the outside wall of the corner, accessible via an access road between it and the Cutting. As the circuit briefly flattens at the apex, drivers are sometimes required to short-shift between gears to avoid wheelspin. One of the most famous incidents in the history of the Bathurst 1000 occurred on the exit of this turn when Dick Johnson crashed his Ford Falcon XD out of the lead on lap 18 of the 1980 Hardie-Ferodo 1000. Johnson was unable to avoid a large rock that had fallen from the spectator area as he was passing a quick-lift tow truck at the time and had nowhere else to go. The car was destroyed after running over the rock and hitting the outside concrete wall which the car almost leapt over (the wall had only been put in place prior to the 1979 Hardie-Ferodo 1000; before then the fence had consisted of railway sleepers and fence posts), taking with it Johnson's means of supporting his racing ambitions. An emotional public appeal followed during the race's telecast which re-launched Johnson's career.

Reid Park
Following Quarry, there is a loaded right-hand turn followed by an open left-hand turn. This is Reid Park, named after the Bathurst City engineer Hughie Reid, who redesigned sections of the track to be more suitable for motor racing. At the 1982 Bathurst 1000, Kevin Bartlett had a tyre blow out in the right-hander and pitch him into the inside wall for the left-hander, rolling his Chevrolet Camaro Z28 onto its roof and skidding across the track. Another high-profile incident occurred in the 2013 Bathurst 1000 when four-time winner Greg Murphy crashed at the exit of the right-hander on a dirty and dusty track surface.

Sulman Park
After Reid Park, there is a steep drop which flows into a climbing left-hand turn, heading towards the highest point of Mount Panorama. This is the location of Sulman Park and its nature park. Peter Brock had his first major crash at Bathurst here when he crashed his Holden Racing Team Commodore VP into retirement on lap 138 of the 1994 Tooheys 1000. Jason Bright crashed here in his Ford EL Falcon in practice during the 1998 FAI 1000. The car was then rebuilt in time to scrape into qualifying in the dying minutes before Bright and Steven Richards went on to take victory in the race. This corner was also the scene of a crash in a V8 Supercar Development Series race in 2006 that claimed the life of Mark Porter. Sulman Park is also commonly nicknamed "Metal Grate" after a drainage grate on the outside apron of the sequence at the point of maximum lateral and longitudinal load.

McPhillamy Park
McPhillamy Park is a fast, downhill left-hand turn which is guarded by a crest prior to the turn-in point, rendering the corner blind to approaching drivers. Drivers have to stay close to the wall while turning so as not to run wide on exit. However, going too close may cause the car to clip the inside kerbing, which Allan Moffat did in practice for the 1986 James Hardie 1000, crashing the Holden Commodore VK, which he was sharing with long-time rival Peter Brock, head on into the concrete. British driver Win Percy, driving Allan Grice's Roadways Commodore VL, would complete an almost carbon copy of Moffat's crash in practice for the 1987 James Hardie 1000. McPhillamy Park is the location of the longest-running campsite for those who camp at the track (sometimes for over a week in advance of a race). The park was named after Walter J. McPhillamy, a previous mayor of the Bathurst City Council and the owner of most of the land occupied by the Bald Hills/Mt Panorama which he donated to the people of Bathurst as a scenic picnic area.

McPhillamy was the site of Bill Brown's rollover during the 1971 Hardie-Ferodo 500 when the front right tyre on his Ford Falcon XY GTHO Phase III blew at over 100 mph, sending Brown up an earth bank before barrel-rolling along the fence. A pair of marshals stationed at that point were lucky to escape being hit after taking evasive action. Amazingly, Brown suffered only minor cuts and bruises in the accident largely due to the driver's seat breaking in the initial impact. The famous corner was also the site of the crash between the Falcons of Bob Morris and Christine Gibson that blocked the track and stopped the 1981 James Hardie 1000 on lap 120, 43 laps short of race distance, giving Dick Johnson and John French the win.

In the interests of safety for both drivers and spectators at McPhillamy (and to open up the corner to avoid a repeat of the 1981 crash that blocked the track), the banking that had been just off the outside of the track was removed and pushed back approximately 30 m on an angle to allow a sand trap and concrete retaining wall to be put in place prior to the 1985 James Hardie 1000.

Brock's Skyline
A short straight connects McPhillamy to the next corner. Skyline is a sharply descending right hand corner which signifies the beginning of the descent from the top of the circuit. The corner acquired the name from the visual effect of looking upwards at the corner from below, such is the sharpness of that initial plunge. During the 1970 Hardie-Ferodo 500, 1969 co-winner Tony Roberts lost control of his Ford Falcon XW GTHO and launched over the Skyline backwards before tumbling down the hillside.

In late 1997 Skyline was renamed as Brock's Skyline to honour the nine time 500 mile (later 1000KM) race winner. Following his fatal crash in a Western Australian car rally, a statue of the driver many call "The King of the Mountain" stands outside the motorsport museum near Murray's Corner.

The Esses and The Dipper
The Esses are the series of corners which begin at Skyline and stretch down the Mountain towards Forrest's Elbow. There have been many notable accidents at this part of the circuit, including a blockage of the track in 2003 when Jason Bargwanna made contact with David Brabham. The most famous of the Esses, the Dipper (the third corner in the sequence), is a sharp left hand corner so named because, before safety changes were made, there was a dip in the road surface and a steep drop not far from the edge of the road, and many cars were able to get two wheels off the ground, which has often been compared to the Corkscrew at Laguna Seca. Chaz Mostert had a severe accident in the lower Esses during qualifying for the Great Race in 2015. Mostert clipped the inside wall on the run down to Forrest's Elbow, ricocheting the car into the outside wall before it eventually mounted a concrete barrier and clipped the roof of a marshals' post. The car then slid down the track and came to a halt at the apex of Forrest's Elbow. The accident saw the entry withdrawn from the event and caused qualifying to be red flagged and postponed. Mostert suffered season-ending leg and wrist injuries as his leg made contact with the floor shifter in the crash.

Forrest's Elbow
Forrest's Elbow is named after Arthur Ronald 'Jack' Forrest, an Australian motor cycle racer born in Wellington, New South Wales during 19 February 1920 and who died in Capalaba, Queensland on 12 August 2002. 'Jack' crashed his Norton International during the first day of official practice during the October 1947 Bathurst meeting and ground the end off his elbow. Following the crash, the corner initially described as 'The Elbow' or as 'Devil's Elbow' was re-dubbed as (Jack) Forrest's Elbow by fellow Australian rider Harry Hinton, much to the amusement of everyone (except for Jack) in the Mount Panorama pits. Forrest's Elbow is geographically positioned as a slow, descending left-hand turn that leads on to the long Conrod Straight. Alternatively it is described as a severely downhill and adverse camber left hander leading onto Conrod Straight. The corner's line drifts towards the outside wall on exit and drivers have to be careful of getting too close. It was on the exit of the corner that Dick Johnson clipped a tyre barrier during the top ten shootout for the 1983 James Hardie 1000, which broke the car's steering and sent Johnson off into a grove of trees and demolishing the car. This is also where Craig Lowndes aquaplaned into the tyre wall in 2001.

Conrod Straight
Formerly known as Main Straight, Conrod Straight was so named because of a con-rod failure that ended the 1939 Easter race of Frank Kleinig in his Kleinig/Hudson racecar. At 1.916 km, Conrod Straight is the fastest section of Mount Panorama, with V8 Supercars almost reaching 300 kph. The straight is a roller-coaster ride featuring two distinct crests, the second of which was rebuilt in 1987. Conrod Straight has been the scene of six of the seven car racing deaths on the circuit – Reg Smith, Bevan Gibson, Tom Sulman, Mike Burgmann, Denny Hulme and Don Watson. All except Formula One World Champion Denny Hulme (heart attack) died in high-speed accidents. However, the chicane introduced into Conrod Straight reduced the top speed of cars going down the straight and has created one of the fastest corners in the world. Most drivers arrive at the initial part of the chicane at over 290 km/h. Prior to the introduction of The Chase in 1987, Conrod Straight was a mile-long straight where the faster cars were getting airborne over the second hump, which was a contributing factor in Burgmann's accident.

The fastest ever speed recorded by a touring car on the old straight was by Scotland's Tom Walkinshaw driving a V12 Jaguar XJS during qualifying for the 1984 James Hardie 1000. Walkinshaw was timed at 290 km/h. Ironically, while the Chase was introduced in an effort to reduce terminal speeds on Conrod, by the 1990 Tooheys 1000, the turbocharged Ford Sierra RS500s were achieving higher speeds than pre-1987 with Tony Longhurst reportedly being timed at 295 km/h during official qualifying for the race.

The Chase
Known for many years as "Caltex Chase", this three-turn sequence was added in preparation for the World Touring Car Championship round in 1987 to comply with a FIA requirement that a straight could not exceed 1200 m. It interrupts Conrod Straight with a fast right hand bend sometimes referred as "The Kink," based on international motorsport commentator Mike Joy comparing it to Road America's Kink during a United States broadcast of the Bathurst 1000 in 2011, descending to the right away from the crest prior to the spectator bridge, before a sharp 120 km/h left-hand bend. A right-hand corner then returns the cars to Conrod Straight for the run down to Murray's Corner. The section was dedicated to Mike Burgmann, who died in an accident at the chicane's spot in the previous year.

This corner was the scene of Peter Brock's only rollover in his motor racing career when he rolled his Vauxhall Vectra during practice for the 1997 AMP Bathurst 1000. The Chase has been the scene of numerous other rollover accidents: Tomas Mezera during the 1997 Bathurst 1000, John Cleland during the 2004 Bathurst 1000, Len Cave during the 2008 WPS Bathurst 12 Hour, Allan Letcher in a V8 Utes race during the 2009 Bathurst 1000 event and Fabian Coulthard during the 2010 Bathurst 1000. Don Watson was killed in an accident at the Chase during qualifying for the 1994 Bathurst 1000 when his Holden VP Commodore blew a brake disc when he attempted to slow for the kink, leaving him without brakes and limited steering. His car failed to slow and take the right hand kink, instead continuing at undiminished speed across the sand trap before hitting the tyre wall head on and flipping on to its roof, coming to rest on the wall. Watson initially survived the crash but later died from his injuries in Bathurst Base Hospital. The accident occurred in front of former race winners Peter Brock and England's Win Percy, who described it as a "major accident".

Murray's Corner
Murray's Corner is the final corner before Pit Straight and the lowest point of the circuit. It is a 90-degree left hand turn, and is a good overtaking spot as drivers hold braking duels for the corner. It was previously called Pit Corner before Bill Murray crashed his Hudson racing car there in 1946.

Lap records

the official lap record is held by Christopher Mies, who set a time of 1:59.2910 at the 2018 Challenge Bathurst event driving an unrestricted Audi R8 LMS. The fastest race lap is held by James Golding, who set a time of 1:59.8375 during the 2021 Bathurst 1000 event on 2 December 2021, driving a Rogers AF01/V8. The fastest lap on the original circuit layout was a 2:09.7 set by Formula 5000 driver Niel Allen in 1970, driving a McLaren M10B-Chevrolet.

Faster laps have been recorded at Mount Panorama but are not recognised as lap records as they were not set during an officially sanctioned session. As part of publicity for the 2011 Australian Grand Prix, McLaren provided a MP4-23 Formula One car for Jenson Button and Craig Lowndes. Button recorded a time of 1:48.88. During a demonstration at the 2019 Bathurst 12 Hour, Luke Youlden recorded a lap time of 1:58.694 in a Brabham BT62. A day before the 2024 Bathurst 12 Hour, Jules Gounon bettered this by over two seconds, setting a 1:56.6054 in an unrestricted Mercedes-AMG GT3. On 25 February 2024, merely a week after Gounon's effort, Romain Dumas set a 1:56.3247 in the electric Ford SuperVan 4.2, unofficially the fastest time ever recorded by a closed car at the track. Kevin Bartlett set the first ever 100 mph lap of the Mount Panorama Circuit at the Easter meeting in 1967 driving a Repco Brabham BT11A, recording a 2:17.7 lap. For his achievement he was awarded 25 bottles of champagne. Later in the weekend he won the NSW State Road Racing Championship and lowered his lap record to 2:17.4, which earned him another 100 bottles. With a time of 2:17.8, Allan Grice set the first 100 mph lap of the circuit for a touring car (under Group C regulations) during qualifying for the 1982 James Hardie 1000 driving a V8 powered Holden VH Commodore SS. Four years later at the 1986 James Hardie 1000, Grice also set the first 100 mph lap in a Group A touring car driving a Holden VK Commodore SS Group A, recording a 2:16.16 in official qualifying.

As of February 2024, the fastest official race lap records at Mount Panorama Circuit are listed as:

Motorcycles
The inaugural race held at the Mount Panorama Circuit was the 1938 Junior Tourist Trophy for motorcycles. Mount Panorama hosted the Australian motorcycle Grand Prix nine times in the era before the event became part of the world championship.

Australian Grand Prix
The Australian Grand Prix was held at the circuit in 1938, 1947, 1952 and 1958. The 1938 race was the first major event held at the circuit after opening. The circuit also hosted the first post-World War II Australian Grand Prix in 1947, with the event then rotating between Australian states before returning in 1952 and 1958.

Bathurst 1000
The circuit has been home to one of the world's classic endurance events, the Bathurst 1000, since 1963. This was the continuation of the event which began in 1960 at the Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit in Victoria. The race was 500 miles between its start at Phillip Island in 1960, and from 1963 to 1972 at Bathurst, before being changed to its current 1000 km format in 1973. Since 1999, the Bathurst 1000 has also become a round of the V8 Supercars (formerly Australian Touring Car Championship) calendar.

ATCC sprint rounds
In addition to the Bathurst 1000, the circuit has hosted seven sprint rounds of the ATCC; in 1966, 1969, 1970, 1972, 1995, 1996, and 2021. The 1972 round has been considered one of the greatest races in championship history due to the close battle between Ian Geoghegan's Ford XY Falcon GTHO Phase III and Allan Moffat's Ford Boss 302 Mustang.

Endurance events
In more recent years, the circuit has also hosted longer endurance races including the Bathurst 24 Hour (2003–04) and the Bathurst 12 Hour (1991–94, 2007–2020, 2022-) Since 2011, the Bathurst 12 Hour has become a FIA GT3 race, and became a part of the inaugural Intercontinental GT Challenge in 2016. The other major event currently held at the circuit is the Bathurst Motor Festival at Easter, which includes the newly launched Bathurst 6 Hour as of 2016.

Other events
The first motorsport event was a speed hillclimb held from Mountain Straight up to Reid Park. This event is still held today as a round of the New South Wales Hillclimb Championship.

In 2008, the circuit hosted the IGSA Gravity Sports World Championships: skateboard downhill and street luge downhill. The race began at Skyline and ended at Conrod Straight.

Event list

 * Current

 * February: Intercontinental GT Challenge Bathurst 12 Hour, Supercars Championship Bathurst 500, GT World Challenge Australia, Super2 Series, Super3 Series, SuperUtes Series, Touring Car Masters, Aussie Racing Cars
 * March: Bathurst Motor Festival Bathurst 6 Hour
 * October: Supercars Championship Bathurst 1000, Super2 Series, Super3 Series, SuperUtes Series, Porsche Carrera Cup Australia Championship
 * November: TCR Australia Touring Car Series Supercheap Auto Bathurst International, GT World Challenge Australia, Porsche Sprint Challenge Australia, Australian National Trans Am Series

 * Former

 * Australian Drivers' Championship Bathurst 100 (1940–1969)
 * Australian Grand Prix (1938, 1947, 1952, 1958)
 * Australian motorcycle Grand Prix (1940, 1946, 1952, 1966–1968, 1978, 1983, 1986, 1988)
 * Australian Tourist Trophy (1958, 1961)
 * Bathurst 24 Hour (2002–2003)
 * S5000 Tasman Series (2021)
 * TCR World Tour (2023)
 * World Touring Car Championship
 * James Hardie 1000 (1987)

Racing deaths at Mount Panorama
Sixteen competitors have died during racing associated with Mount Panorama, including 1967 World Drivers' Champion Denny Hulme who died after suffering a fatal heart attack while at the wheel of his car. Two spectators were also killed in 1955 after being struck by a crashing car.
 * 17 April 1949 Jack Johnson, MG TC, Easter races
 * 6 April 1953 Billy Raymond Baldry Motorcycle race, Easter races
 * 5 April 1958 Barry Halliday, Motorcycle, Bathurst Tourist Trophy
 * 2 October 1960 Reg Smith, Porsche, Australian GT Championship
 * 7 April 1969 Bevan Gibson, Elfin 400 Repco, Mount Panorama Trophy
 * 30 March 1970 Tom Sulman, Lotus Eleven Climax, Sir Joseph Banks Trophy
 * 2 April 1972 Lan Hog, sidecar, Bathurst tt race
 * 17 April 1976 Ross Barelli, Suzuki RG500, Easter races
 * 15 April 1979 Ron Toombs, Yamaha TZ 350F, Easter races
 * 4 April 1980 Alec Dick, Easter motorcycle races
 * 6 April 1980 Rob Moorhouse, Easter motorcycle races
 * 5 October 1986 Mike Burgmann, Holden Commodore VK SS Group A, James Hardie 1000
 * 4 October 1992 Denny Hulme, BMW M3 Evolution, Tooheys 1000
 * 2 April 1994 Jim Colligan, Sidecar, Australian Tourist Trophy
 * 2 April 1994 Ian Thornton, Sidecar, Australian Tourist Trophy
 * 30 September 1994 Don Watson, Holden Commodore VP, Tooheys 1000
 * 8 October 2006 Mark Porter, Holden Commodore VZ, Fujitsu V8 Supercar Series

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Emily Davies

Sarah Emily Davies (22 April 1830 – 13 July 1921) was an English feminist who founded Girton College, Cambridge. She campaigned as a suffragist and for women's rights to university education. In her early life, she attended meetings of the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science and befriended Barbara Bodichon and Elizabeth Garrett Anderson. After moving to London with her mother in 1862, she wrote for and edited the English Woman's Journal and joined the Langham Place Group. She co-founded the London Schoolmistresses' Association and the Kensington Society, which pressured for universal suffrage, although she herself believed only unmarried women and widows should gain the vote.

After resigning from Girton in 1904, Davies became secretary of the London branch of the National Society for Women's Suffrage, later leaving to join the Conservative and Unionist Women's Franchise Association. She died in London at the age of 91. During her lifetime, Davies' rigid views on education were controversial whilst recently historians have seen her achievements in a more sympathetic light. In 2019, Baroness Hale unveiled a blue plaque jointly commemorating founders Emily Davies and Barbara Bodichon, to mark the 150th anniversary of Girton College.

Early life
Davies was born on 22 April 1830 at Carlton Crescent, Southampton, England, to a teacher, Mary (Hopkinson), and an evangelical clergyman, John D. Davies. The family was in Southampton because her father was covering for another priest; his parish was in nearby Chichester. They moved to Normandy in France in 1836, then back to Chichester and then to Gateshead, in County Durham in 1839.

John D. Davies had traditionally patriarchal views on education, so whilst her three brothers attended private schools and two of them studied at the University of Cambridge, Davies and her older sister Jane were not educated and instead lived at home practising needlework and philanthropy. In the 1850s, Davies cared for Jane and a brother, Henry, both of whom had separately contracted tuberculosis. The two both died in 1858, as did another brother, William, who had been wounded fighting in the Crimean War.

Women's rights
Davies was introduced to women's rights in her twenties. Whilst caring for Henry in Algiers, she met Barbara Bodichon and later, staying with her brother Llewelyn in London, she attended lectures by Elizabeth Blackwell, the first female doctor in the UK, with Elizabeth Garrett Anderson. Andersen and Bodichon inspired Davies to become a suffragist and to campaign for better education for women. She also went to meetings of the feminist National Association for the Promotion of Social Science with Llewelyn, who had joined the group, and supported her friend Garrett Anderson in her medical studies. Living in Gateshead again from 1860 until 1862, she set up a local branch of the Society for Promoting the Employment of Women and wrote letters promoting women's rights. After the death of her father in January 1862, Davies moved to London with her mother.

In London, Davies wrote for and edited the English Woman's Journal, also joining the Langham Place Group, a club for women. She helped to set up the Victoria Magazine, later disassociating from it when Emily Faithfull was named in the Codrington divorce case, since she did not want to appear to be endorsing immorality. Her paper "'Medicine as a profession for women" was read on her behalf by Russell Gurney to the National Association for the Promotion of Social Science in June 1862. Working from October as secretary to a committee tasked with enabling women to enter university, Davies found 83 girls to sit local examinations in Cambridge in a trial run. This led to a petition signed by almost 1,000 teachers and the decision in 1865 to permanently allow girls to sit examination in Cambridge. After that success, Davies became one of the first women to address a royal commission as an expert witness. She pressed for admission of women to the universities of London, Oxford and Cambridge. In 1866 she published The Higher Education of Women.

Along with other women's rights advocates such as Dorothea Beale, Barbara Bodichon, Frances Mary Buss and Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, Davies founded a women's discussion group, the Kensington Society in 1865. Later the London Suffrage Committee was formed as an offshoot and asked Parliament to grant women voting rights via a petition presented by John Stuart Mill. Davies' belief that only unmarried women and widows should gain the vote brought her into conflict with the majority of women in the group, who wanted universal suffrage, so she stepped aside from campaigning for voting rights and concentrated instead on higher education for women.

Girton College

Davies founded the London Schoolmistresses' Association in 1866 to discuss female education. At first she thought it best to build up Queen's College, London into a college for women over 18, but this plan failed, so then she set up a committee to fundraise for Britain's first women's university college. With the support of Frances Buss, Dorothea Beale and Barbara Bodichon, she set up a college at Benslow House, a rented villa in Hitchin, Hertfordshire, roughly halfway between Cambridge and London. Initially there were five students. She then moved the project in 1873 to the outskirts of Cambridge, where it became Girton College. Davies was keen to both keep her young female students away from men and to give them the same educational courses as their male contemporaries. She pressed for a curriculum equivalent to the one offered to men at the time. The Senate rejected her proposals to let women officially sit the Tripos examinations, but Davies continued to train students for them on an unofficial basis.

Following the Elementary Education Act 1870, Davies was elected to the London School Board, representing Greenwich. She did not stand again in 1873, preferring to concentrate on Girton College. In 1871, a second women-only college was founded by Anne Clough and Henry Sidgwick; it was called Newnham College. Davies served as Mistress of Girton College from 1873 until 1875, then acted as honorary secretary for three decades. Caroline Croom Robertson joined the management in 1877 in order to reduce the load on Davies. In 1896, Davies published Women in the universities of England and Scotland, criticising the state of higher education in England and lauded Scottish and Welsh universities for putting female and male students on an equal footing. Cambridge University only began to grant full university degrees to women in 1940.

Later life

After resigning from Girton in 1904, Davies became secretary of the London branch of the National Society for Women's Suffrage and two years later led members to a discussion with Prime Minister Henry Campbell-Bannerman. She left the London group when the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies decided to support the Labour Party in 1912 and instead joined the Conservative and Unionist Women's Franchise Association. She was known for opposing the militant tactics used by the Suffragettes. In 1910, Davies published a collection of her writings entitled Thoughts on some questions relating to women, with a foreword by Constance Jones.

Davies moved to Hampstead in London in 1914, living near her brother Llewelyn until he died in 1916. She was one of the few original suffrage activists (and the only remaining member of the Langham Place Group) still alive to be able to vote in an election, after the passing of the Parliament (Qualification of Women) Act 1918. At the age of 91, Davies died at home in Belsize Park, Hampstead, London, on 13 July 1921 and was buried at St Marylebone Cemetery two days later, leaving an estate of £544017s2d.

Legacy and recognition
In June 1901, Davies received an honorary Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) from the University of Glasgow. During her lifetime, she was supported by some feminists and criticised by others for her rigid views on how education for women should be organised. Lady Stephen published Emily Davies and Girton College in 1927. More recently, historians have seen her achievements in a more sympathetic light, although it is still open to question whether she was a conservative reformer or she only allied herself with those in power to further her aims. A biography entitled Emily Davies and the Liberation of Women 1830-1921 was published in 1990.

Owing to the activism of Emily Davies and others, more women began to enter higher education in the UK. On 30 June 2019, Baroness Hale unveiled a blue plaque jointly commemorating founders Davies and Barbara Bodichon, to mark the 150th anniversary of Girton College. The plaque was installed on the main tower of the college.

External links and references

 * Columbia Encyclopedia entry
 * Columbia Encyclopedia entry

title: Emily Davies


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Point Breeze

Point Breeze could refer to:

 * Point Breeze, New Jersey
 * Point Breeze, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
 * Point Breeze, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
 * Point Breeze, the New Jersey estate of Joseph Bonaparte
 * Point Breeze, the mouth of the Oak Orchard River in New York

title: Point Breeze


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John Tonge Centre

The John Tonge Centre is the mortuary for Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services (FSS - formerly Queensland Health Scientific Services) and responsible for conducting autopsies in Brisbane (and much of South-East Queensland in Australia) on people whose deaths make them subject to the Coroners Act. Such deaths include accidents, suicides, homicides, deaths during surgery and anything for which a doctor is unwilling to issue a medical cause of death certificate for. In cases when the family is called upon to attend the Centre to identify a loved one support services are generally available. Staff at the mortuary performs some 2,000 autopsies annually and is adjacent to the Queen Elizabeth II Jubilee Hospital on Kessels Road in Coopers Plains.

History
From 1879 until 1992 the Brisbane morgue occupied five different sites on the north bank of the Brisbane River. The building was flooded in 1887, in the 1890 flood it collapsed into the Brisbane River, then in the 1893 flood it was washed away. It was then reconstructed further downstream at Gardens Point. Finally, in 1992 the morgue moved to a purpose built facility at Coopers Plains. The facility was opened officially by the Right Honourable Mr Wayne Goss, Premier of Queensland, on 11 December 1992, and commenced operations on 11 January 1993.

Criticism
There have been accusations of long delays in DNA testing for criminal cases, and further accusations about poor treatment of the dead. In 2005 an employee of the centre was under investigation regarding stolen body parts, based on written accusations by colleagues from some years before.

A twenty-six million dollar construction operation was undertaken to help rectify the existing problems and the John Tonge Centre now has an annual budget of forty-five million dollars with a resultant reduction in the DNA backlog.

title: John Tonge Centre


text:
Sidney Moncrief

Sidney Alvin Moncrief (born September 21, 1957) is an American former professional basketball player. As an NCAA college basketball player from 1975 to 1979, Moncrief played for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks, leading them to the 1978 Final Four and a win in the NCAA Consolation Game versus #6 Notre Dame. Nicknamed Sid the Squid, Sir Sid, and El Sid, Moncrief went on to play 11 seasons in the National Basketball Association, including ten seasons with the Milwaukee Bucks. He was a five-time NBA All-Star and won the first two NBA Defensive Player of the Year awards in 1983 and 1984. He was elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2019.

Early life
Sidney Alvin Moncrief was born on September 21, 1957, in Little Rock, Arkansas.

College career
Moncrief, Marvin Delph of Conway, Arkansas, and Ron Brewer of Fort Smith, Arkansas ("The Triplets"), along with head coach Eddie Sutton and assistant coach Gene Keady, resurrected the University of Arkansas basketball program in the 1970s from decades of modest success and disinterest, and helped lay the foundation for what became one of the country's premier college basketball programs through the late-1990s. Moncrief led the Razorbacks to the SWC regular season championship in 1977, 1978, and 1979, and the SWC Tournament championship in 1977 and 1979. Moncrief was also part of the 1978 Final Four run for Arkansas, that saw the Razorbacks lose to eventual champion Kentucky in the semi-finals, and then defeat Notre Dame in the last 3rd place game ever played at the NCAA Final Four. The following year, Moncrief and Arkansas lost to Larry Bird and Indiana State in the Elite Eight. Moncrief's leadership on the court and electrifying play renewed interest in the Razorback program, and ushered in a new winning tradition in Arkansas basketball.

His jersey was retired not long after he graduated from school and went on to the NBA, and is one of only two, along with Corliss Williamson. Moncrief was the school's all-time leading scorer until Todd Day broke his record in 1992. At 6'4", he still remains the schools leader in rebounds in a career with 1015. On November 10, 2014 Moncrief was inducted into the Southwest Conference Hall of Fame. After being honored decades earlier with an unofficial banner, on February 7, 2015 Moncrief was officially honored by Arkansas when his name was put on a banner that was hung in the Razorbacks’ new home, Bud Walton Arena. He was the first player in Arkansas’ program history to have his number retired. Moncrief has also been inducted into the University of Arkansas Hall of Honor.

Milwaukee Bucks (1979–1989)
Although Jerry West wanted to draft him to the Los Angeles Lakers, Moncrief's NBA career started with the Milwaukee Bucks in 1979 when he was drafted 5th overall. In the final game of his rookie season, Moncrief scored 13 points, grabbed 7 rebounds, and recorded 7 assists in 107-91 victory over the Utah Jazz.

During the 1980-81 NBA season, Moncrief helped the Bucks to a 60-22 record, third best in the league, while averaging 14 points, 5.1 rebounds and 3.3 assists. Despite the strong showing in the regular season, Milwaukee lost in seven games to Philadelphia in the conference semifinals, after coach Don Nelson unsuccessfully contested Milwaukee's 99-98 Game 7 loss for two hours and sixteen minutes, while questioning whether Philadelphia got away with a 24 second violation at the end of the game. The following year, in Game 3 of their Eastern Conference Semifinals matchup, Moncrief made a running bank shot at the buzzer to beat the Philadelphia 76ers, though the Bucks lost the series in six games.

On December 5, 1982, in a loss against the New Jersey Nets, Moncrief recorded a career-high 7 steals. On February 24, 1983, Moncrief scored a career-high 42 points, recorded 8 assists, and grabbed 8 rebounds in a 114-103 victory against the Houston Rockets. That postseason, Moncrief led the Bucks to a sweep of Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics in the second round, averaging 23.2 points, 6.5 rebounds, and 4 assists per game, and being on the dunking end of an alley-oop pass from Brian Winters to help put away the Game 4 win. The following round, on May 14, 1983, Moncrief scored 19 points, grabbed 10 rebounds, and recorded 4 steals in a Game 3 loss against the eventual champion 76ers. The Bucks would lose the series 4-1, but would be the only team to beat Philadelphia in any postseason game that year.

On November 30, 1983, Moncrief scored 25 points and blocked a career-high 4 shots in a 139-122 victory against former Bucks player Alex English and the Denver Nuggets. The following month, Moncrief recorded his first career triple-double, with 16 points, 10 rebounds, and 10 assists in a 89-83 win over the Cleveland Cavaliers.

On December 5, 1984, Moncrief and teammates Terry Cummings and Paul Pressey combined for 76 points, an impressive 67% of Milwaukee's points, in a 114-99 victory against the Detroit Pistons. A win in which The Bucks were without Coach Don Nelson, Mike Dunleavy Sr, and Charles Davis, who all suffered neck and back injuries the previous Saturday night at a Baltimore airport. Despite again finding regular season success at a record of 59-23, after the Bucks eliminated the Bulls and Michael Jordan in the first round with a 3-1 series record, Moncrief and his team would be eliminated in the Eastern Conference Semifinals by Philadelphia again.

On March 15, 1986, Moncrief played 48 minutes, the entire game, and scored 27 points along with recording a career-high 12 assists in a 125-116 regular season victory against Michael Jordan and the Chicago Bulls. That postseason, Moncrief and Milwaukee advanced past the Philadelphia 76ers in a tightly contested seven game series. Moncrief was only able to play in three games of the series due to a heel and knee injuries but still rallied the team when he played, and the Bucks won each game he appeared, including a 113-112 victory in Game 7 at home where he scored 23 points. This meant the Bucks would reach the Eastern Conference finals for a third time with Moncrief. However, yet again Milwaukee would come up short, this time losing to the Boston Celtics.

During the 1987 NBA Playoffs, after advancing past the 76ers in the first round, on May 15, 1987, Moncrief scored a playoff-career high of 34 points in a Game 6 win against the Boston Celtics in the Eastern Conference Semifinals. The performance was especially notable given he was primarily guarded by fellow defensive-great Dennis Johnson. However, the Bucks would lose the series in 7 games. On May 24, it was announced Moncrief and teammates Jack Sikma, Randy Breuer, Paul Mokeski, Terry Cummings, and Jerry Reynolds would each be fined between $1,000 and $500 for their roles in an altercation in the game. Danny Ainge and Greg Kite of the Celtics were also fined. The altercation began when Ainge fouled Moncrief from behind during a fastbreak layup attempt, and no players were ejected or suspended. In arguably the last healthy playoff series of his career, Moncrief averaged 20.9 points and 4.4 rebounds per game.

On December 23, 1988, by then frequently missing games due to knee and foot injuries, Moncrief scored 25 points, largely thanks to making 13 of 13 free throw attempts, and added 5 assists in a 113-101 victory against the Dallas Mavericks. Moncrief would retire for the first time at the conclusion of that year's postseason, an Eastern Semifinals loss to the eventual champion Detroit Pistons.

Atlanta Hawks (1990–1991)
After sitting out of the NBA for one year during the 1989-1990 season, Moncrief played one season with the Atlanta Hawks before retiring at the conclusion of their postseason run. On May 2, 1991, Moncrief scored 23 points in only 22 minutes during a Game 4 victory against the Detroit Pistons, although the Hawks would go on to lose the series. The Bucks initially retired his no. 4 jersey in 1990, and rededicated it at halftime on January 19, 2008, when the Warriors, with whom he was a shooting coach, visited the Bradley Center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin to play the Bucks.

Legacy
During the 1980s, Moncrief was the leader of the Milwaukee Bucks, who had the third best winning percentage for the decade behind only the Los Angeles Lakers and Boston Celtics. Moncrief was known for his versatility on the court, particularly given his 6′4″ stature, but was most known for his tenacious defensive plays. Although he was thought of as one of the greatest shooting guards of his time, he was never able to get to the Finals, as the Bucks frequently came up short in the Eastern Conference Finals. Moncrief was named the NBA Defensive Player of the Year for the 1982–83 and 1983–84 seasons. He also made the All-Star team for five consecutive years and was named to the All-NBA first team for the 1982–83 season. Moncrief averaged over 20 points per game in four seasons of his career and finished his 11-season NBA career with an average of 15.6 PPG. Moncrief still holds the Bucks records for career free throws (3505) and career free throw attempts (4214), as well as career offensive rating (119.7).

His career was hampered by a degenerative knee condition that affected the cartilage in both of his knees. Starting in 1986, he also frequently missed time due to a reoccurring foot injury.

Among Moncrief's admirers was All-Star Michael Jordan who once described his on-court intensity to an L.A. Times reporter: "When you play against Moncrief, you're in for a night of all-around basketball. He'll hound you everywhere you go, both ends of the court. You just expect it."

Another all-time great, Larry Bird, heralded Moncrief’s ability to defend anyone, and said that “Moncrief does everything you’re supposed to do on defense and doesn’t take any shortcuts, plus he does it every night.”

On finding success covering the best guards and wing players on opposing teams throughout postseason games, from Jordan to Julius Erving, even though at 6’4” he was slightly smaller in many instances, Moncrief said “I just took it as a responsibility as much as it was a challenge. That was something I needed to do to help the team win games. I’d rather just chill on defense and get back on offense, but I didn’t have that luxury."

Moncrief was elected to the Arkansas Sports Hall of Fame in 1993 and the Wisconsin Athletic Hall of Fame in 1998. Moncrief was finally elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2019.

Regular season

 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 77||—||20.2||.468||.000||.795||4.4||1.7||.9||.2||8.5
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 80||—||30.2||.541||.222||.804||5.1||3.3||1.1||.5||14.0
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 80||80||37.3||.523||.071||.817||6.7||4.8||1.7||.3||19.8
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 76||76||35.7||.524||.100||.826||5.8||3.9||1.5||.3||22.5
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 79||79||38.9||.498||.278||.848||6.7||4.5||1.4||.3||20.9
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 73||72||37.5||.483||.273||.828||5.4||5.2||1.6||.5||21.7
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 73||72||35.2||.489||.320||.859||4.6||4.9||1.4||.2|| 20.2
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 39||30||25.4||.488||.258||.840||3.3||3.1||.7||.3||11.8
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 56||51||25.5||.489||.161||.837||3.2||3.6||.7||.3||10.8
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 62||50||25.7||.491||.342||.865||2.8||3.0||1.0||.2||12.1
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Atlanta
 * 72||3||15.2||.488||.328||.781||1.8||1.4||.7||.1||4.7
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 767||513||30.2||.502||.284||.831||4.7||3.6||1.2||.3||15.6
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| All-Star
 * 5||2||23.8||.404||1.000||.864||4.4||2.4||2.4||.4||11.6
 * }
 * style="text-align:left;"|
 * style="text-align:left;"|Atlanta
 * 72||3||15.2||.488||.328||.781||1.8||1.4||.7||.1||4.7
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 767||513||30.2||.502||.284||.831||4.7||3.6||1.2||.3||15.6
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| All-Star
 * 5||2||23.8||.404||1.000||.864||4.4||2.4||2.4||.4||11.6
 * }
 * }

Playoffs

 * style="text-align:left;"|1980
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 7||—||26.0||.588||.000||.871||4.4||1.6||.7||.1||12.4
 * style="text-align:left;"|1981
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 7||—||39.6||.435||.000||.745||6.7||2.9||1.7||.4||14.0
 * style="text-align:left;"|1982
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 6||—||42.0||.419||.000||.789||5.0||4.0||1.5||.3||15.3
 * style="text-align:left;"|1983
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 9||—||41.9||.437||.000||.754||6.7||3.7||2.0||.3||18.9
 * style="text-align:left;"|1984
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 16||—||38.6||.518||.250||.791||6.9||4.3||1.8||.6||19.1
 * style="text-align:left;"|1985
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 8||7||39.9||.556||.400||.933||4.3||5.0||.6||.5||23.0
 * style="text-align:left;"|1986
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 9||9||36.3||.426||.286||.698||4.6||4.9||.6||.6||16.9
 * style="text-align:left;"|1987
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 12||10||35.5||.473||.286||.811||4.5||3.0||1.1||.5||19.4
 * style="text-align:left;"|1988
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 5||5||34.6||.480||1.000||.963||3.8||5.2||.6||.2||15.0
 * style="text-align:left;"|1989
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 9||9||20.4||.396||.286||.938||2.9||1.4||.6||.2||6.1
 * style="text-align:left;"|1991
 * style="text-align:left;"|Atlanta
 * 5||0||18.2||.500||.167||.813||3.2||.4||.6||.0||7.2
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 93||40||34.7||.475||.293||.811||5.0||3.4||1.1||.4||16.0
 * }
 * style="text-align:left;"|1989
 * style="text-align:left;"|Milwaukee
 * 9||9||20.4||.396||.286||.938||2.9||1.4||.6||.2||6.1
 * style="text-align:left;"|1991
 * style="text-align:left;"|Atlanta
 * 5||0||18.2||.500||.167||.813||3.2||.4||.6||.0||7.2
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"| Career
 * 93||40||34.7||.475||.293||.811||5.0||3.4||1.1||.4||16.0
 * }
 * }

Arkansas–Little Rock (1999–2000)
Moncrief was the head coach at the University of Arkansas-Little Rock for one season, 1999–2000. The Trojans finished with a record of 4 wins and 24 losses.

Fort Worth Flyers (2006–2007)
In 2006, Moncrief returned to basketball as the head coach of the Fort Worth Flyers, a professional basketball team in the NBA D-League.

Golden State Warriors (2007–2008)
He rejoined the NBA in October 2007 when he became the shooting coach for the Golden State Warriors.

Milwaukee Bucks (2011-2013)
In 2011, he returned to the Milwaukee Bucks as an assistant coach.

Broadcasting career
It was announced in July 2013 that Moncrief would analyze and commentate Bucks games for FSN Wisconsin.

Books authored

 * Moncrief: My Journey to the NBA (1990, with Myra McLarey) ISBN 9780874831139
 * Your Passport to Becoming a Valuable Team Player: Your Travel Guide for Peak Performance at Work and Home (2012, with Kisha Wetherall) ISBN 9780983828518

Personal life
Moncrief has four sons. Moncrief's son Brett was a wide receiver for Mississippi Gulf Coast Community College and Troy University. His nephew Albrey Battle played eight seasons in the Arena Football League and for the San Francisco Demons of the XFL.

Upon retiring for the first time in 1989, Moncrief opened Sidney Moncrief’s Buick, a car dealership in Sherwood, Arkansas. He also later owned a Ford dealership in Blytheville, Arkansas.

Looking back on his career in March 2021, Moncrief said "I have a greater appreciation for the accomplishments and the awards [now] then when I played the game of basketball. When I played the game, it was like: 'Okay. You are an All-Star. Okay, cool. You are a Defensive Player of the Year. Okay'. I never really thought about it. When you retire, and you have time to reflect upon your career, I started to have a greater appreciation for what I was able to accomplish."

On May 15, 2021, Moncrief spoke at the posthumous Hall of Fame enshrinement of his former coach Eddie Sutton.

title: Sidney Moncrief


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/International Pug Day

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 18:04, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

International Pug Day
Description sounds bogus and can't find any references on the web anywhere. Delete. Elf | Talk 23:38, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

This is a real holiday celebrated by approximately 38 people at this time in three countries. It will continue to grow. (unsigned, posted by User:68.40.176.58)

 * Can you provide some references that show it to be real (and by real that means more than 38 people--)? (See Verifiability)Elf | Talk 23:38, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete Not notable - 38 people in 3 countries?   Maybe if the popularity takes off, it can be added, but until then, no.  - Trysha (talk) 03:05, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Badimaya language

Badimaya (sometimes written Badimia) is an Australian Aboriginal language. It is a member of the Kartu subgroup of the Pama–Nyungan family, spoken by the Badimaya people of the Mid West region of Western Australia.

Badimaya is a critically endangered language, spoken by only a handful of elderly Aboriginal people, all of whom are over 65 years of age. However, there is a passionate movement of language revival underway in the Badimaya community.

Geographic distribution
Badimaya was traditionally spoken across a large region spanning Lake Moore, Ninghan Station, Paynes Find and Dalwallinu in the south, to Mount Magnet, Wynyangoo Station and Kirkalocka Station in the north.

Today Badimaya people live across the Mid West region, based in regional towns and communities including Mount Magnet, Geraldton, Yalgoo, Mullewa, Meekatharra, Wubin, Dalwallinu and Perth.

Traditional Badimaya country is bordered by Western Desert language (Tjuparn, Wanmala) to the east, Noongar to the south-west and Wajarri to the north-west.

Varieties
Analysis of the lexicon and grammatical features of the language suggests that there were (at least) two varieties of Badimaya, a northern and southern variety. These varieties are unnamed; however, Badimaya speakers are aware of differences in the speech of Badimaya people from different regions of Badimaya country.

Widi, also referred to as Wiri (not to be confused with the Wiri language of Queensland) and a variety of other names, may be a dialect of Badimaya, but its status is unclear.

Typology
Badimaya is typologically fairly standard of Western Australian Pama-Nyungan languages. It has a phoneme inventory typical of Pama-Nyungan languages, with six places of articulation (showing both a laminal and apical contrast) and a three-way vowel system, with (limited) length-contrast.

Badimaya is a suffixing language with fairly free word order. It has a split-ergative case marking system, consistent with neighbouring languages. Unlike neighbouring languages however, Badimaya does not show evidence for a bound pronominal system.

Consonants
The laminal stops /d̪/ and /ɟ/ are very frequently realised intervocalically as fricatives, and  respectively. The latter is usually released with a degree of affrication. The degree of retroflexion for /ɖ/, /ɳ/, and /ɭ/ differs depending on the preceding vowel, being most extreme following /a/.

Unlike in many neighbouring languages, there is evidence for a dental/palatal contrast in Badimaya. On the basis of data collected, there is no evidence to suggest any patterns of complementary distribution between dental and palatal laminals in relation to front and back vowels, as is the case in Pitjantjatjara. There is also no evidence in the data to suggest neutralisation of the laminal contrast word-initially due to the presence of a laminal later in the word, as is the case in Diyari.

Vowels
Badimaya has a three vowel system consisting of /a/, /i/, /u/.

Restrictions on phoneme positions
The vowels /u/ and /a/ do not appear word-initially. The high front vowel /i/ is the only vowel found word-initially, but this can also be analysed as a reduction of /ji/, with an initial consonant.

Constraints on the distribution of consonants are as follows:
 * Every Badimaya consonant can appear intervocalically.
 * Only peripheral and laminal consonants can appear word-initially.
 * Only nasals, laterals, the stops /d/ and /g/, and the alveolar tap or trill /ɾ/ can appear word-finally.

The above rules are identical to how they were recorded by Leone Dunn (1988), except for the appearance of /ɾ/ word-finally, which Dunn did not observe, and may have misidentified when it did occur.

Pronominal system
Pronouns are of the form: person+number+case. The third person displays person allomorphy conditioned by number. There are morphological distinctions in the first and second person for the dual number, but this distinction is not found in the third person in the southern dialect. The pronominal forms of the southern dialect of Badimaya are listed below: There are two demonstrative pronouns a proximal (nhinha) and a distal (banha) which are declined as follows. The ablative case is formed by adding a suffix to both the ablative ending (-ngun) and the word gardi 'side.' There are four interrogative proforms, the nominal referring of which have case paradigms for the absolutive, ergative, locative and dative cases. The dative case has a possessive function.

Language resources
The Bundiyarra Irra Wangga Language Centre (and previously the Yamaji Language Centre) has been carrying out work on the Badimaya language since 1993. A sketch grammar of Badimaya was published by Leone Dunn in 1988, and a Badimaya-English dictionary (2014), illustrated topical dictionary (2014) and several children's books were published by Bundiyarra Irra Wangga Language Centre. The last fluent speaker of Badimaya, Mt Magnet elder Ollie George, undertook significant language documentation work between the early 1990s and 2018, in collaboration with Bundiyarra Irra Wangga Language Centre.

An art and language project, Nganang Badimaya Wangga, was collaboratively produced in 2017 by the Irra Wangga Language Centre, with artists from Yamaji Art and Wirnda Barna Artists. The project produced a book of more than 20 stories of Ollie's life entitled Nganang Badimaya Wangga: Yarns with Gami Ollie George, a short video about Ollie by ABC Open Producer Chris Lewis, and an exhibition of the artworks created for the project.

title: Badimaya language


text:
Scoop Lewry

Louis Harrington "Scoop" Lewry, (April 16, 1919 – February 25, 1992) was a Canadian politician and reporter.

Born in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, he was elected as an alderman on the Moose Jaw City Council in 1948. Lewry later became mayor of the city in 1950 and served in this role until 1956. He was married to Jean Lewry (née Munroe), and had five children, Philip (Doreen Ludke), Catherine (Robert Patterson), Janet, Harold, and Mary (Roger Rothwell). He had 13 grandchildren and 7 great-grandchildren.

In 1957, he ran and won in a close race for the position of Member of Parliament for Moose Jaw—Lake Centre as a Co-operative Commonwealth Federation candidate. He ran again in 1958, losing widely to J. Ernest Pascoe in the Diefenbaker landslide. Pascoe was the same Conservative candidate he had defeated a year earlier.

He then served as mayor again, from 1965 to 1970 and, in a third term of office, from 1983 to 1988.

In 1980, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada.

title: Scoop Lewry


text:
User talk:Enneagon

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! , SqueakBox 23:36, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
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Irish people peer review?
The additions and editions made on this page even within recent weeks - especily photos - has vastly improved it, to the better I think. Would you support it being submitted for a peer review, and help tidy it up/add some more? Fergananim 14:49, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Untagged image
An image you uploaded, Image:Pope John Paul II Coat of Arms.jpg, was tagged with the coatofarms copyright tag. This tag was deleted because it does not actually specify the copyright status of the image. The image may need a more accurate copyright tag, or it may need to be deleted. If the image portrays a seal or emblem, it should be tagged as seal. If you have any questions, ask them at Media copyright questions. -- 00:45, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Enneagon


text:
User talk:Trollé

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Flcelloguy | A note? | Desk | WS 23:36, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Martin Luther
No citation. Provide one and I will have no reason to revert.Geni 01:17, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Now this is odd. When I google that quote the only context it turns up in are indentical coppies of the one you linked to. Got anything provideing a bit of context?.Geni 01:28, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Trollé


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cosmic Anatomy

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 17:50, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Cosmic Anatomy
Non-notable and vanity CambridgeBayWeather 23:37, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, fails WP:MUSIC, no albums released, one without label planned for 2006. Mallocks 23:59, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy does not attempt to establish notability. -DDerby- (talk) 03:38, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Golra Sharif

Golra Sharif is a town situated near the Margalla Hills in Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan, at about 520 m above sea level, 17 km from the ancient city of Taxila.

It is known for the Mausoleum of Meher Ali Shah that yearly attracts thousands of devotees. Prior to the arrival of Meher Ali Shah's ancestors, Golra Sharif was a village in the suburbs of Rawalpindi.

Railway station
The Golra Sharif Junction railway station is situated on Golra Road near Golra Sharif. The station was established in 1881. It is an important junction of Pakistan Railways to link Peshawar, Kohat, Havelian, and Multan. It hosts the Railways Heritage Museum.

title: Golra Sharif


text:
2001–02 in Belgian football

The 2001–02 season was the 99th competitive season in Belgian football.

National team
Belgium ended their qualifying campaign for the Football World Cup 2002 at the second place in Group 6. It qualified for the World Cup after the playoff games and lost in the round of 16.

* Belgium score given first

Key
 * H = Home match
 * A = Away match
 * N = Neutral field
 * F = Friendly
 * WCQ = FIFA World Cup 2002 Qualifying, Group 6
 * WCP = FIFA World Cup 2002 Playoff
 * WCFR = FIFA World Cup 2002 First Round
 * WCSR = FIFA World Cup 2002 Second Round

title: 2001–02 in Belgian football


text: User talk:129.252.128.164

title: User talk:129.252.128.164


text:
Wild Ducks Flying Backward

Wild Ducks Flying Backward is a book by Tom Robbins, published on August 30, 2005. It is a collection of poems, short stories, essays, reviews, and other brief writings from Robbins' career. The stories were collected from Tom's work in magazines such as Esquire, Playboy, The New York Times, and elsewhere.

title: Wild Ducks Flying Backward


text:
Talk:Alfred Henry Maurer

Alfred Henry Maurer
No article on this fellow existed. Very little information is available on this GREAT American painter (I'm not kidding). Whowever wants to add anything, please do so. Impressionist October 6, 2005

title: Talk:Alfred Henry Maurer


text:
B.A.P.S.

B.A.P.S (an acronym for Black American Princesses) is a 1997 American female buddy comedy film directed by Robert Townsend and starring Halle Berry, Natalie Desselle, and Martin Landau. The film was written by Troy Byer and was her first screenplay. The film received largely negative reviews from critics, although it has since been considered a cult classic, especially for Black Hollywood. In total it earned $7.3 million at the box office worldwide.

The film features several celebrity cameos, including LL Cool J, Leon Robinson, Heavy D, and Dennis Rodman.

Plot
Denise "Nisi" (Halle Berry) and Tamika "Mickey" (Natalie Desselle) work at a soul food diner in Decatur, Georgia. Their plan is to one day open the world's first combination hair salon and soul food restaurant if they ever get enough money. Their boyfriends, Ali (Pierre Edwards) and James (A.J. Johnson), hope to one day own a luxury cab company.

Nisi and Mickey hear about a contest for a video girl where the winner gets $10,000 and spend all their savings to fly to Los Angeles for Nisi to compete. On the plane ride there, Nisi reads a book on etiquette and she and Mickey discuss their new hairstyles, which are so tall they block the movie projector.

Although Nisi does not land the dancing girl role, a man named Antonio spots them at the auditions and offers them the same amount of money to be in a different music video and invites them to a Beverly Hills mansion. Once they arrive, they learn about the real reason they were brought there, which was for Nisi to pretend to be the granddaughter of a woman named Lily, whom the aging owner of the house Mr. Blakemore (Martin Landau), once loved. They agree to the plan, but eventually grow fond of Mr. Blakemore and take care of him and refuse to take his money.

Feeling guilty for deceiving Mr. Blakemore, they plan to return to Decatur and leave a confession letter for him to read after they are gone. However, before they can depart, Mr. Blakemore is rushed to the hospital. Nisi tries to confess to him at his bedside but he silences her before she can finish and passes away soon afterwards. Mr. Blakemore's lawyer, Tracy Shaw (Troy Byer), informs them that he knew all along that Nisi was not Lily's granddaughter because Lily never had any children.

Back at the mansion, Nisi, Mickey, and their boyfriends are preparing to return to Decatur. Mr. Blakemore's lawyer arrives and read's his last will and testament, in which he calls the girls his "B.A.P.S", short for Black American Princesses, and gives them some portion of his wealth. The film ends with Nisi and Mickey opening their combination hair salon and restaurant, which they name "Lily'z".

Cast

 * Halle Berry as Denise “Nisi”
 * Martin Landau as Mr. Donald Blakemore
 * Ian Richardson as Mr. Manley
 * Natalie Desselle-Reid as Tamika “Mickey”
 * Troy Byer as Tracy Shaw
 * Luigi Amodeo as Antonio
 * Jonathan Fried as Isaac
 * Pierre Edwards as Ali
 * A.J. Johnson as James
 * Bernie Mac as Mr. Johnson
 * Faizon Love as Tiger J
 * Rudy Ray Moore as Nate
 * LL Cool J as himself, cameo
 * Howard Hewett as himself, cameo
 * Leon Robinson as himself, cameo
 * Heavy D as himself, cameo
 * Dennis Rodman as himself, cameo

Production
The film was the first screenplay written by former actress Troy Byer. Byer was disappointed by the final cut of the film, and believed that her "words had not honestly made it onto the screen". She explained that this was the first time Robert Townsend had directed a film that he had not written. She used her earnings from this film to direct her first film.

Critical response
Initial reception was overwhelmingly negative. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a score of 15% based on 33 reviews. Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade B.

Roger Ebert gave the film a rare no-stars rating, calling it "jaw-droppingly bad and stupid, a movie so misconceived I wonder why anyone involved wanted to make it.". Ebert included the film on his "most hated" list. Gene Siskel also applied a zero-star rating to the movie. He described it as "an embarrassing comedy", said that Martin Landau was "looking very uncomfortable in a ridiculous role" in it, and said that "the two women play into shameless stereotypes in a film without a single laugh."

Janet Maslin praised Halle Berry for her comedic performance, but described the film as a "watered-down Pretty Woman". Maslin concluded "It's good for a half-hour of humor before the fun starts to dissolve." Esther Iverem of The Washington Post wrote "Despite its idiotic promotional trailers, 'BAPS' is a very funny movie." Lisa Alspector of the Chicago Reader called it "absurdly broad comedy infused with classic emotions and set in sumptuously detailed environments". John Anderson of the Los Angeles Times wrote that "it's true that airtight storytelling isn't the reason to see "B.A.P.S."—Desselle and Berry are. But the sloppiness of Beyer's script is symptomatic of what keeps the film from being first-rate." A critic for The News & Observer called the film "humor-impaired" and its director "clueless".

In 2018, Anne Cohen of the website Refinery29 called the film a "Black cult classic" and said the film deserved better than its (at the time) 13% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Cohen said "The fact that the film has had such a lasting impact,... proves that the film spoke to its audience."

Accolades
1998 Acapulco Black Film Festival 1997 Stinkers Bad Movie Awards
 * Best Actress – Halle Berry (nominated)
 * Worst Actress – Halle Berry (nominated)

Stage play adaptation
B.A.P.S. is in development to be produced as a live stage play in 2023 from film producer and playwright Je'Caryous Johnson, who also adapted to the stage other urban movies such as Two Can Play That Game (2017), Set It Off (2018) and New Jack City (2022). The play was originally slated to open in May 2020, however the COVID-19 pandemic forced the production to close. Natalie Desselle-Reid was also in preparation to reprise her role as Mickey however died in 2020. Rapper/singer Inayah Lamis will assume the role from Natalie. Angela White formerly known as Blac Chyna will also star as Nisi. The play will open in October 2023 and run previews into November of 2023.

title: B.A.P.S.


text:
Dynasty Warriors 5

Dynasty Warriors 5 (真・三國無双4) is a hack and slash video game set in China and the fifth installment in the Dynasty Warriors series, developed by Omega Force and published by Koei. The game was released on the PlayStation 2 and Xbox. It is based on the Chinese novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong.

Gameplay
The gameplay of Dynasty Warriors 5 is based on previous "Dynasty Warriors" games. It is a hack-and-slash beat-'em-up 3-D action game.

The game features multiple modes. Musou Mode presents a number of chronologically consecutive battle stages revolving around one chosen character, augmented by animation and character-voiced storytelling that provides context for battles and actions. Free Mode allows a player to play default levels and those that have been completed in Musou Mode one at a time. Both Musou Mode and Free Mode allow for two-player cooperative gameplay. Challenge Mode introduces a number of specialized stages with specific challenges, including time trials. In extreme mode you can buy many items. The Encyclopedia feature gives a description of each officer in Dynasty Warriors 5, including every non-player character. The Options feature stores viewed pre-rendered videos and offers gameplay and presentation options to the player.

The stronghold feature from Dynasty Warriors 4: Empires is also included in Dynasty Warriors 5. This aspect of gameplay introduces bases to the battlefield. Friendly bases may need protection, while defeating enemy bases earns bonuses to attack or defense or a musou and health-restoring item. Neutral bases can also be captured as strategic points.

Characters
* Denotes new characters to the series Bold denotes characters available by default

Dynasty Warriors 5: Xtreme Legends
Dynasty Warriors 5: Xtreme Legends (真・三國無双4: 猛将伝) is a minor expansion to Dynasty Warriors 5. This game was released in September 15, 2005 in Japan and on November 16, 2005 in North America and is playable only on the PlayStation 2 video game console.

Dynasty Warriors 5: Xtreme Legends does not allow the player to play Musou Mode or Free Mode if the player does not possess the Dynasty Warriors 5 game disc. It brought back Xtreme Mode and Legend Mode from Dynasty Warriors 4: Xtreme Legends, and introduced Destiny Mode.

Xtreme Mode is a parallel to Shura Mode in Shin Sangokumusou 4: Special, in which the objective of the game is for the human-controlled character to survive as long as possible while collecting gold dropped by enemies to regain health and increase stats temporarily.

In Destiny Mode, the player creates a custom character before being asked to join the Kingdom of Shu, Wei and Wu. While in this mode, you start out as a basic soldier with very few attacks (starting off with only two fundamental hits) and will be "protected" by a chosen officer near the character. The officer will heal the character continuously when injured during battle, so long as the character is nearby. A unique feature of Destiny Mode is that at times the player is given the option to betray one force, while setting a ruse for another. For example, a player receives a letter from Cao Cao, the King of Wei, in which he asks the player to defect from the Kingdom of Wu to the Kingdom of Wei. If the player defers the offer to switch sides their commander may approach them in the hopes of creating a ruse to destroy the opposing force. If the player chooses to accept the option from their commander they will fight for the other side temporarily. When the time is right their original commander will have them move the opposing commander to a set position which will trigger their ruse and supporting units will ambush the opposing commander to support the player's defection.

Shin Sangokumusou 4: Special
Shin Sangokumusou 4: Special (真・三國無双4: Special) is another expansion to the game. This game was released on December 22, 2006 on the Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows in Japan and shortly thereafter for Windows in Taiwan, and was not released outside Japan and Taiwan.

This version of the game is a combination of the original game and some Xtreme Legends features, including Legend Mode and Xtreme Mode. It does not include Edit Mode or Destiny Mode, but it does include the new items from Xtreme Legends. It includes gamepad support, allowing the user to use PlayStation 2 or Xbox 360-style controllers compatible with Windows.

The Windows version also has improved graphical features, such as real-time shadows.

Dynasty Warriors 5: Empires
Dynasty Warriors 5: Empires (真・三國無双4: Empires) is the second Dynasty Warriors Empires expansion by Omega Force of Koei. Dynasty Warriors 5: Empires was released on March 28, 2006 for both the PlayStation 2 and Xbox 360 video game consoles.

This game is focused upon strategy game play. In Empire Mode, which features five new stages not in Dynasty Warriors 5, the player initially enacts various policies within a chosen state by consulting with the state's officers and delegating responsibilities to others. Battle tactics can be discussed, a feature of other titles in the strategy genre, such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

Other than Empire Mode, new items and weapons are introduced. Another new feature is the ability of being able to order non player officers to group, attack, or defend certain areas of the battlefield and choose which specific officer you wish to carry out these feats. Time limits can also be altered to fit your needs, also special tactics can be used to turn the tides of battle.

In addition to the original Dynasty Warriors 5 soundtrack, this expansion adds soundtracks from previous titles, including Dynasty Warriors 2, Dynasty Warriors 3 and Dynasty Warriors 4.

The Dynasty Warriors Empires expansion is the only expansion where players can play as "minor" officers, that did not originally have their own storyline in any of the previous Dynasty Warriors games. These officers also do not have their own "skin", but there are several group skins for them (in the same battle, officers of the same skin group look identical). In every other Dynasty Warriors game, minor officers are NPCs.

Stages
Many of the stages are recreations of notable battles present historically or from the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, while original creations became more common with the newer installments.

Trading Card Game
Koei published a series of trading card game (「真・三國無双 4」トレーディングカードゲーム) based on Dynasty Warriors 5 in 2005-7-29. The cards are illustrated by Hiroyuki Suwahara. Starter box (53 cards) cost 1500 yen, while booster pack (10 cards) cost 280 yen.

Available starter box including Wei set, Wu set, Shu set.

There are total 266 cards in the game, including 36 commander, 160 general, 35 strategy, 15 trap, 20 item. Booster pack include 10 cards from the set of 266.

Reception
Dynasty Warriors 5 received "average" reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic.

Xtreme Legends
Dynasty Warriors 5: Xtreme Legends received "mixed" reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic.

Empires
Dynasty Warriors 5: Empires received "mixed" reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of one nine, two eights, and one nine for the Xbox 360 version, and all four eights for the PS2 version.

title: Dynasty Warriors 5


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bala Subramanian

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 18:02, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Bala Subramanian
Vanity, non-notable person. Alkivar 23:42, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete per nomination.  ALKIVAR ™[[Image:Radioactive.svg|18px|]] 23:42, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- ( ☺ drini ♫ | ☎ ) 03:30, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity, not notable. Ryan Norton T 05:44, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. *drew 11:34, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Tintin 21:12, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is User:Bala2252, author of the deleted time-technology and timescapes articles. Most of this stuff is already on his user page. MCB 01:50, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per all of the above. Vanity, not notable.  I'm not sad to see the silly timescapes article go, either. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  12:52, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:69.37.66.72

title: User talk:69.37.66.72


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nanthikesvaran

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was redirect to Nandikeswara. -R. fiend 17:57, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Nanthikesvaran
Seems like a direct copy of Shiva with the word Śiva replaced with Nanthikesvaran. No hits on Google for 'Nanthikesvaran'

 * Delete per nomination. - Sukh | ਸੁਖ | Talk 23:43, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete No google + direct copy = goodbye! Keresaspa 13:58, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Try googling for 'Nandikeswara' with either 'bull' or 'siva'/'shiva'. Tintin 21:21, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect to Nandi Bull. Nanthikeswaran is another name for Nandi. Tintin 21:14, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Suggest redirection to the new disambig page Nandikeswara Tintin 14:01, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect as above. Keresaspa 13:23, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Guðbrandur Vigfússon

Guðbrandur Vigfússon
This man deserves more than an antiquated article from 1911. P.MacUidhir 23:43, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Sounds good, tags for cleanup and formatting Kareeser|Talk! 18:49, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

Copyedited
Avsn 19:26, 26 January 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 06:40, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Guðbrandur Vigfússon


text: User talk:68.92.246.21

title: User talk:68.92.246.21