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Aprilia RSV Mille

The Aprilia RSV Mille is a sport motorcycle manufactured by Aprilia from 1998 to 2003. It was offered in three versions, RSV Mille, RSV Mille R, and RSV Mille SP.

The first RSV Mille (ME) was made from 1998 to 2000, the updated RSV Mille (RP) from 2001 to 2002 and the last update was made in 2003.

With a 998 cc 60-degree V-twin engine built by the Austrian company Rotax, the RSV Mille was the first large displacement motorcycle made by Aprilia that up to then had made up to 250cc engines. This same engine was used unmodified in the Tuono and in slightly modified form in the SL1000 Falco.

The Mille featured a type of slipper clutch, which worked by using a vacuum on a closed throttle from the inlet manifold to give the effect of slipper clutch, but only on a closed throttle.

Model History
The first changes were made in 2001 when the fairing was restyled, adding wind deflectors to improve airflow. The fuel tank was changed to a plastic item (with a reduction in capacity), and the rear shock on both the standard and the 'R' models was revised.

In 2002, the front brake calipers were changed to Brembo Monobloc 4 pad calipers - each piston having a separate pad gave an increase in braking performance and feel.

In 2003, the gear ratios were changed to give a slightly closer ratio gearbox, the exhaust system was changed and the tail piece and front mudguard were redesigned.

From 2004, the Mille was replaced by the RSV-R and RSV-R Factory.

RSV Mille R
The RSV Mille R is a lighter, higher spec. version of the standard Mille, introduced in 1999. It features Öhlins suspension, an Öhlins steering damper, forged aluminum wheels, carbon fibre front mudguard and a shorter subframe for one person use only (no passenger seat).

RSV Mille SP
The SP stands for Sport Production and this version was made as a homologation special for the Superbike World Championship. Only 150 motorcycles, the minimum requirement to homologate the model for Superbike World Championship, were manufactured in 1999. It uses a special short-stroke version of the 60-degree V-twin engine, developed in collaboration with Cosworth.

Replicas
In 2002, Aprilia produced 300 limited edition RSV Mille R Haga Replica. The motorcycle has the same livery as the bike used by Noriyuki Haga at the Superbike World Championship and came with a circuit kit, which included a full Akrapovic titanium exhaust system and an Eprom injection unit.

In 2003, an RSV Mille R Edwards Replica with a livery inspired by the Aprilia RS Cube MotoGP motorcycle ridden by Colin Edwards. as with the Haga replica, the motorcycle came with a circuit kit, which included Akrapovic exhausts, a more pressurised airbox, an Eprom injection unit and 57 mm (instead of 51 mm) throttle bodies.

title: Aprilia RSV Mille


text:
Northern Command (Israel)

The Northern Command (פִּקּוּד צָפוֹן, Pikud Tzafon, often abbreviated to Patzan) is a regional command in the Israel Defense Forces. The command, whose main headquarters is in Safed, is responsible for all the units located between Hermon and Netanya. The mission of the Northern Command is to protect Israel's northern borders with Syria and Lebanon.

History
During the wars in the 1960s and 70s, the Northern Command was in charge of the campaigns directed against Syria on the Golan Heights and the Lebanese border. During the 1970s and 80s, it mainly faced attacks from the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), which was driven to southern Lebanon following Black September. Beginning with the 1982 Lebanon War, the Northern Command faced attacks from Hezbollah, a Lebanese militant group founded in 1982 to fight the Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon.

In the early 1990s, it may have included a full active armoured division and a mechanised brigade; three to four reserve divisions; four to five reserve mechanised and infantry brigades; and four to five territorial infantry brigades.

During 2000, the Northern Command completed its withdrawal from the Security Zone in southern Lebanon and was dispatched along the UN-sanctioned border. Although Israel's withdrawal from southern Lebanon has been met with UN approval, Hezbollah continues its attacks, mainly in the Shebaa farms area of Mount Hermon, an area occupied by Israel from Syria and which Hezbollah claims as Lebanese territory.

Command organization 2024

The Northern Command commands regional units from Mount Hermon in the Golan Heights, to Netanya, with a significant presence in the Galilee and the Golan Heights.

 * PazanLogo.svg Northern Command, in Safed
 * Logo-ugda-36.png 36th Division "Ga'ash"
 * Golani tree color.svg 1st Infantry Brigade "Golani"
 * Etzioni-hativa-6 -NewBrigada.png 6th Infantry Brigade "Etzioni" (Reserve)
 * 7thArmoredBrigade.svg 7th Armored Brigade "Saar meGolan"
 * Hativa188.PNG 188th Armored Brigade "Barak"
 * Hativat Haesh 282.svg 282nd Artillery Brigade "Golan"
 * Logo-ugda-91.png 91st Division "HaGalil"
 * Alexandroni.svg 3rd Infantry Brigade "Alexandroni" (Reserve)
 * Logo hativa 8.png 8th Armored Brigade "HaZaken") (Reserve)
 * Logo-hativat-300.png 300th Territorial Brigade "Bar'am" – Western section of the Israel Lebanon border
 * Logo-hativa-769.png 769th Territorial Brigade "Hiram" – Eastern section of the Israel Lebanon border
 * Adirimlogo.png 7338th Artillery Brigade "Adirim" (Reserve)
 * Logo-ugda-319.png 146th Division "HaMapatz"
 * Brigade carmeli.png 2nd Infantry Brigade "Carmeli" (Reserve)
 * Kiryati.svg 4th Armored Brigade "Kiryati" (Reserve)
 * Logo hativa 514.png 205th Armored Brigade "Egrof HaBarzel" (Reserve)
 * Hativa nesher.png 226th Paratroopers Brigade "Nesher" (Reserve)
 * Logo hativa 228.png 228th Infantry Brigade "Alon" (Reserve)
 * Logo-otvat-hatkuma.png 213th Artillery Brigade "HaTkuma" (Reserve)
 * תג עוצבת הבשן.png 210th Division "HaBashan"
 * OdedBrigade.svg 9th Infantry Brigade "Oded" (Reserve)
 * Logo-hativa-434.png 679th Armored Brigade "Yiftach" (Reserve)
 * Logo-hativat-474- aGolan.png 474th Territorial Brigade "Golan" – Golan Heights sector
 * HermonBrigade.png 810th Mountain Brigade – Mount Hermon sector
 * Kidon209.png 209th Artillery Brigade "Kidon" (Reserve)
 * PazanTikshuvLogo.svg Northern Command Signals Battalion
 * Handasa pzn.png Northern Command Engineering Unit 801
 * ModiinZafonNew.svg Northern Command Intelligence Unit
 * Mz pzn.png Northern Command Military Police Unit 390
 * Refua pzn.png Northern Command Medical Unit
 * Yahsham651.png Northern Command Maintenance Unit 651
 * Bap Elikim.png Northern Command Training Base "Eliakim"
 * Almar 5001.png 5001st Logistics Unit "Northern Golan"
 * Almar 5002.png 5002nd Logistics Unit "Lebanon"
 * Almar 5003.png 5003rd Logistics Unit "Southern Golan"

Commanders

 * Moshe Carmel (1948–1949)
 * Yosef Avidar (1949–1952)
 * Moshe Dayan (1952)
 * Asaf Simhoni (1952–1954)
 * Moshe Tzadok (1954–1956)
 * Yitzhak Rabin (1956–1959)
 * Meir Zorea (1959–1962)
 * Avraham Yoffe (1962–1964)
 * David Elazar (1964–1969)
 * Mordechai Gur (1969–1972, 1974)
 * Yitzhak Hofi (1972–1974)
 * Rafael Eitan (1974–1977)
 * Avigdor Ben Gal (1977–1981)
 * Amir Drori (1981–1983)
 * Ori Orr (1983–1986)
 * Yossi Peled (1986–1991)
 * Yitzhak Mordechai (1991–1994)
 * Amiram Levin (1994–1998)
 * Gabi Ashkenazi (1998–2002)
 * Benny Gantz (2002–2005)
 * Udi Adam (2005–2006)
 * Gadi Eizenkot (2006–2011)
 * Yair Golan (2011–2014)
 * Aviv Kochavi (2014–2017)
 * Yoel Strick (2017–2019)
 * Amir Baram (2019–2022)
 * Ori Gordin (2022–)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Northern Command (Israel)


text:
North Springfield, Missouri

North Springfield, Missouri is a former city in Greene County. It was also known as 'North Town' or 'Moon Town'. The city was incorporated in 1871, a year after the St. Louis – San Francisco Railway constructed their railroad through an area north of Springfield instead of through Springfield itself. The main street through town was Commercial Street and its southern city limits were shared with Springfield at Division Street, named because of the division between the two cities. In 1887, Springfield and North Springfield voted to unite as one under the name of Springfield.

title: North Springfield, Missouri


text:
User:ThirdEdition/Finals Systems

Page-McIntyre system
Assuming that each team has a 50% chance of winning each match, the probability of each team will win the championship is represented in the table.

'Super League (Europe)' final six
This is the top six play-offs system used in Super League (Europe). It is basically the McIntyre final four system with an extra week at the beginning to reduce the bottom four teams to two.

'ARL' final eight
According to Matthew O'Neill (http://www.rleague.com/article.php?id=19486), "Back in 1996 the ARL had the perfect Finals setup, which has since been adopted by the AFL with great success. The ARL used a similar model in 1995 but was better in 1996 due to the swapover pool to avoid teams playing each other twice during the Finals, which could have been the case in 1995 except both Brisbane and Cronulla went out the back door."

1995
This is what actually happened in 1995 rather than the system.

title: User:ThirdEdition/Finals Systems


text:
User talk:Davebarnes

Welcome!
Hi,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! Hello, and welcome to the loony yet quite pleasing ranks of Wikipedians! My name is BorgHunter, one of very many zany Wikipedians around here, and let me be the first to welcome you here. Before getting too in-depth, you may want to read about the simplified ruleset. If you need help on how to title new articles check out the naming conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the manual of style. If you need help look at Help and the FAQ, plus if you can't find your answer there, check the Village Pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions)! There's still more help at the Tutorial and Policy Library. Plus, don't forget to visit the Community Portal. And if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my user talk page. And don't worry -- you may well have a bunch of questions after that avalanche of info I just threw at you. Yeah, Wikipedia has a bit of a culture and etiquette of its own, but you get used to it! ---

Additional tips
Here's some extra tips to help you get around in the 'pedia!
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills the Sandbox is for you.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes (~). If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * You may want to add yourself to the new user log.
 * You should also consider (if you have not already) creating a user page for yourself, to tell us a bit about you. Don't worry if it's small at first -- most people tend to grow their user pages over a period of time, much like Wikipedia articles. Don't expect everything to happen all at once!
 * If you ever think a page or image should be deleted, please list it at the votes for deletion page. There is also a votes for undeletion page if you want to retrieve something that you think should not have been deleted.
 * If you're still entirely confused, or would like to get a better grasp of your wikipedia skills, and you have an IRC client (or don't mind getting one), check out the Bootcamp. It's not what it sounds like, but it is fun and can help you with your editing skills.
 * If you're bored and want to find something to do, try the Random page button in the sidebar, or check out the Open Task message in the Community Portal.

Happy Wiki-ing.
--BorgHunter (talk) 03:30, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

License tagging for File:Eagle creek logo.svg
Thanks for uploading File:Eagle creek logo.svg. You don't seem to have indicated the license status of the image. Wikipedia uses a set of image copyright tags to indicate this information.

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"Turkey" vs. "Türkiye"
Hi! I saw you used the name "Türkiye" as the name of the country generally known in English as "Turkey" in your recent edit.

Q: Why don't you use the name Türkiye, the correct name for this country?

A: Because the English-language Wikipedia has a WP:COMMONNAME policy. We use names for countries and places that are the names commonly used for them in English, regardless of what official organizations use. Technically, this kind of name is known as an exonym. For example, we use the name Germany, instead of the native endonym Deutschland, and we use the name Japan instead of the native name 日本.

(Notice that this does not apply when we are quoting a literal name in Turkish; for example, the newspaper is called Türkiye, not Turkey. To do that would be hypercorrection, and we don't do that. Nor do we mangle the name into English in direct quotations in the Turkish language, nor in URLs. But it does apply for all uses in the English language; so the capital is Ankara, Turkey, not "Ankara, Türkiye")

If or when that general English-language usage changes (as has happened in the past with place names such as Mumbai and Beijing), the same WP:COMMONNAME policy implies that the English-language Wikipedia will necessarily also follow suit. So far, that hasn't happened.

This has been discussed many times, with the same result every time because of the common name policy. If you'd like to discuss this further, please take it up at Talk:Turkey. However, for the reasons given above, there is currently a moratorium on further requests for name changes to the Turkey article until 1 December 2023. — The Anome (talk) 14:08, 29 October 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Davebarnes


text: Category:Aprilia motorcycles

title: Category:Aprilia motorcycles


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Cuba based espionage and destabilization operations

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete Ryan Norton T 20:13, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

Cuba based espionage and destabilization operations
This is at least the fourth article on the same topic (History of Cuban espionage) that the creator has made this week. Two previous ones have been submitted to AfD's and I'm submitting this one as it is both redundant and given its unwieldy title not suitable for simply making into a redirect. Caerwine 03:30, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete duplicate. When you can't find your own previous articles that suggests that your titles aren't very good. Gazpacho 05:57, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:JLNYC

Welcome!
Hi,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! Hello, and welcome to the loony yet quite pleasing ranks of Wikipedians! My name is BorgHunter, one of very many zany Wikipedians around here, and let me be the first to welcome you here. Before getting too in-depth, you may want to read about the simplified ruleset. If you need help on how to title new articles check out the naming conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the manual of style. If you need help look at Help and the FAQ, plus if you can't find your answer there, check the Village Pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions)! There's still more help at the Tutorial and Policy Library. Plus, don't forget to visit the Community Portal. And if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my user talk page. And don't worry -- you may well have a bunch of questions after that avalanche of info I just threw at you. Yeah, Wikipedia has a bit of a culture and etiquette of its own, but you get used to it! ---

Additional tips
Here's some extra tips to help you get around in the 'pedia!
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills the Sandbox is for you.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes (~). If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * You may want to add yourself to the new user log.
 * You should also consider (if you have not already) creating a user page for yourself, to tell us a bit about you. Don't worry if it's small at first -- most people tend to grow their user pages over a period of time, much like Wikipedia articles. Don't expect everything to happen all at once!
 * If you ever think a page or image should be deleted, please list it at the votes for deletion page. There is also a votes for undeletion page if you want to retrieve something that you think should not have been deleted.
 * If you're still entirely confused, or would like to get a better grasp of your wikipedia skills, and you have an IRC client (or don't mind getting one), check out the Bootcamp. It's not what it sounds like, but it is fun and can help you with your editing skills.
 * If you're bored and want to find something to do, try the Random page button in the sidebar, or check out the Open Task message in the Community Portal.

Happy Wiki-ing.
--BorgHunter (talk) 03:30, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:JLNYC


text:
Project Firestart

Project Firestart is a cinematic survival horror game for the Commodore 64 computer system. It was designed by Jeff Tunnell and Damon Slye and published by Electronic Arts in 1989. Taking place in the 21st century, the game follows a government agent dispatched to a research station in orbit around Saturn's moon, Titan, to learn why the scientists there abruptly cut off communication with Earth. The game has been cited by various gaming journalists and writers as one of the earliest, if not the first, survival horror games, pioneering many conventions of the genre including limited ammunition, an emphasis on escaping enemies and puzzle solving over combat, solving a central mystery, and multiple endings.

Plot
In 2061, agent Jon Hawking of the United System States is sent to the research ship Prometheus, in orbit around Titan. Hawking's mission is to make contact with the members of Project Firestart, an initiative of the System Science Foundation, who have recently dropped out of communication with their superiors on Earth. Hawking is further instructed to retrieve all of the scientific data on board the Prometheus and then to destroy the ship, based on the USS' belief that Project Firestart has been compromised and could potentially pose a threat to Earth. Should Hawking fail in his mission, the USS will remotely activate the Prometheus ' self destruct sequence on the assumption that Hawking himself has been killed.

On board the Prometheus, Hawking discovers the entire crew brutally murdered and the ship infested with large, hostile creatures. Retrieving the ship's science logs, Hawking discovers that Project Firestart was a genetic engineering program that sought to create a mining species resistant to extreme cold and low oxygen levels by combining the DNA of oxen with a new species of fungi discovered in asteroids around Titan. Hawking further learns that one of the scientists on the project, Dr. Arno, secretly altered the DNA of the mining creatures in an attempt to create a race of super soldiers. The plan backfired, as Arno's creations proved to be mindlessly hostile and capable of asexual reproduction. Unable to contain the monsters, the crew of the Prometheus was slaughtered. SIA Agent Annar Kensan, who was working in secret with Dr. Arno, survived by placing himself in cryosleep; upon Hawking's arrival on the Prometheus, he awakens. Also in cryosleep is Mary, another Firestart scientist who survived the massacre because she was placed in suspended animation after suffering a minor injury.

The creatures spawn a giant, white version of themselves, which begins attacking them. The supercreature then seeks out Hawking, who discovers that it is completely invulnerable to all of his weaponry. Using the Firestart scientists' notes on the genetic flaws in their original organisms, he must improvise a way to kill the creature using the resources available to him on board the ship.

Endings
The ending of the game varies depending on different actions taken by the player:

If the player rescues Mary and escapes the ship with the science logs, Hawking is attacked on board the escape shuttle by Annar, who does not want knowledge of the experiments to leak out. By firing their weapon at the right time, the player can shoot and kill Annar; on board the rescue craft, Hawking is reunited with Mary.

If the player does not rescue Mary but escapes with the science logs, Hawking is still attacked by Annar. The player can still kill him, and be brought on board the rescue craft.

Failing to fire at the right time will result in Annar overpowering Hawking and killing him. The Prometheus is destroyed, but Annar escapes with Dr. Arno's research notes to continue the project.

Leaving without the science logs results in Hawking's superiors chastising him as a coward and a failure.

Escaping on the shuttle without sending an SOS distress call or informing HQ of the Exis's destruction results in the craft drifting through space. The shuttle is never picked up and the player dies when the oxygen runs out.

Dying on board the Prometheus results in the creatures overrunning the ship, multiplying uncontrollably. The USS remote detonates the station, destroying it and the creatures.

Gameplay
The game is a side-scrolling, pseudo-3D action-adventure game. The player's character can run left or right through environments, shooting enemies with his laser gun and entering doors. The game adopted a cabinet projection for giving the action greater depth, and some areas allowed for movement into and out of the background. The HUD and on-screen information is very limited, just showing the health of the main character and the amount of ammo available.

Some of the terminals throughout the space station contain logs and journals of the personnel, which provide a history of the genetic project and thus the backstory - a revolutionary feature in 1989, which has become very common in modern videogames. Occasionally, due to a player action or at fixed points in the game, the game would pause for a cutscene featuring either the hero or the monsters.

Reception
Project Firestart was generally well received by the press in 1989. The famous videogame magazine Zzap!64 rated the game 91%, with the following comment: "Project Firestart is jam-packed with the sort of fast-paced, polished presentation and chilling atmosphere which make software epics.". Another magazine, PowerPlay, rated the game 78/100, describing it as "characterized by an unbelievably thick atmosphere" and at the same time criticizing its use of a disk-exchange system, which requires the player to swap the disks many times mid-game. Computer Gaming World noted the game succeeds outside the traditional mold of action or adventure games and said, "While the game may fail to satisfy devout action gamers because the pacing of the action is slow or doctrinaire role-players because of the lack of true interaction and character development, it is a suspenseful blend of music, graphics, decision-making, action, clues, plot, and even, romance."

Although never commercially successful, the game has an enduring cult following, and is ranked on Lemon64 as the 59th best Commodore 64 game by user votes (minimum 120) as of 2023.

Legacy
IGN has called it the first "fully formed vision of survival horror as we know it today," citing its balance of action and adventure, limited ammunition, weak weaponry, vulnerable main character, feeling of isolation, storytelling through journals, graphic violence, open exploration, cut-scenes, multiple endings and use of dynamically triggered music—all of which were characteristic elements of later games in the survival horror genre. Penny Arcade has similarly described it as "the Survival Horror template in its entirety".

In an interesting turn of events, the ship the player is on in the game is called the "Prometheus", while the game itself is very reminiscent of Ridley Scott's "ALIEN", who would then go on to direct a prequel film in 2012 titled " Prometheus".

title: Project Firestart


text:
File:Trees in Central Park, NYC (June 2004).jpg

Summary
Central park in Spring


text:
User talk:Xanarki

Redline
Saw your comment on Talk:Redline_%281999_computer_game%29. What username did you operate under? Mathiastck 06:41, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

Re: Econoline Crush edits and actual history.

My nickname is Xanarki. Enjoy.

Hi Xan. I would have to dig out some Georgia Straight ads and the rest of the ads I placed and paid for across Canada and down the west coast. David Hawkes is on Facebook and can vouch that he was instrumental in promoting the original demo’s of EC. Tom and I wrote songs together for a few years after Moev broke up post Head Down. Trevor, originally from Winnipeg had a husband and wife management team whom owned a record store in Seattle. Kim was the husband’s name. Sorry, I have forgotten the name of the record store and their name In 1993, Trevor was one of the respondents to the ad in the Rocket. Kristy Thirsk of the Rose Chronicles was one of the first respondents. She was not interested. Tom used to drink... I don’t like to talk ill of others. She was turned off by ungentlemanly behaviour when Tom and I went to the Kingston Pub (in Vancouver). Tom’s wife, Julie, who worked with Daryl Kromm and one of the guys from Havana 3am she said. Gary Myrick possibly. If I hadn’t picked Julie’s tape and introduced her to Tom they might not have ever gotten married. I was told my services were no longer needed by Trevor after a couple of shows. Then Tom quit. Then Trevor asked me back. I did some recording/sampling with Morfitt and Ziggy. When we discovered that they were also trying out Rhys Fulber, I quit. Trevor wanted the work I had done and was not willing to compensate me. C’est la vie. The next day I met Devin Townsend. If you require more specifics? I can get an affidavit signed by witnesses. Tom and I wrote songs with Michael Balch post Head Down. Kelly Cook paid me $20 to make sure Tom got home OK from the Luv A Fair nightclub one night. I can go into detail about the rest of that evening if you like. Tom was not working and I had a day job hence I had finances to buy a computer and software and pay for the ads to find a singer. Local Vancouver ads were free. The rest of the ads were paid for by yours truly. Every ad respondent was solicited through me. It was my phone number in all ads placed. Tom wasn’t willing to put his number or address in the ads. Every audition cassette was mailed to my house at 151 West Woodstock Ave. in Vancouver.

You can verify my name through googling Chris Meyers, Strapping Young Lad, “Heavy As A Really Heavy Thing” and both versions of “Ass-Sordid Demos” by Devin Townsend or check Discography. Devin is another that can verify that I was a early member of EC. I am not on the first album, nor any other digital recordings, granted.

email me at mr.squires@yahoo.com if you need any more detailed info about Coast 1040 CKST airplay or any other tidbits. I have two Coast 1040 mugs. Lol

Kudos to Trevor for keeping the band going. I bear no grudge. I never did. He sought to take the band in a different direction compared to the direction Tom and I had originally intended. That’s why Tom quit. Tom and I had intended to mix a vibe of guitar samples and synths with pop style vocals ala Jesus Jones or The Young Gods originally in the late 80’s. We both liked the band “He Said” by Graham Lewis of Wire. Tom would chide me about having a day job and not being able to work on writing everyday. We would not have found Trevor nor would Tom have met Julie if I did not have a dayjob abd the wherewithal to afford the ads and our first Atari. Tom preferred CLab Creator/Notator to the Cubase program I bought. Prior to that we wrote on Ensoniq samplers. First the EPS. I still have an ASR-10 and K2000 which I used with Devin.

I believe Tom is sober these days. Funny coincidences...when Trevor met me at Starbucks (at the corner of Robson and Thurlow) in Vancouver (next to Franco and Richard’s hair salon, in the Manhattan building) Howard, Tom’s brother, walked by the Starbucks. I’m not sure if he saw us. Kitty corner to that Starbucks, their used to be another Starbucks. It was outside that Starbucks that I met with Devin Townsend and joined Noisescapes which is the original name of SYL. My girlfriend Denise, used to say to Devin, “You're a strapping young lad, you can do it!” when he would come over to pick me up for rehearsals. I met Devin in the first week of September in 1992. That does not synchronize with the 1994 dates in the EC wiki. Noisescapes was signed by the late Cliff Cultrari to the label Relativity Records. Distributed by RED a subsidiary of Sony Records. We signed a 5 album deal. I am very detail oriented and it should be obvious by what you have read here that I am not fabricating anything whatsoever. As to why someone would not want to know real and actual history? I am bewildered. I have cassettes of early Econoline demo’s, and a few mixes that were played on Coast AM. I have early demo’s of Noisescapes/SYL and some live rehearsal recordings of both projects. I’m sure fans would love to hear some of them.

Cheers, Chris Meyers.

2001:569:744A:6700:806C:DE5F:6D7F:ED26 (talk) 00:09, 2 April 2020 (UTC)

 * 2001:569:744A:6700:806C:DE5F:6D7F:ED26 (talk) Chris check your e-mail, thanks. Xanarki (talk) 01:03, 2 April 2020 (UTC)

OMG XAN XAN
hi :P - Vicer 11:58, 4 January 2007 (UTC) (Spitfire btw)

Regarding edits to The Union Underground
Thank you for contributing to Wikipedia, Xanarki! However, your edit here was reverted by an automated bot that attempts to remove spam from Wikipedia. If you were trying to insert a good link, please accept my creator's apologies, but note that the link you added, matching rule \bangelfire\.com\/, is on my list of links to remove and probably shouldn't be included in Wikipedia. Please read Wikipedia's external links policy for more information. If the link was to an image, please read Wikipedia's image tutorial on how to use a more appropriate method to insert the image into an article. If your link was intended to promote a site you own, are affiliated with, or will make money from inclusion in Wikipedia, please note that inserting spam into Wikipedia is against policy. For more information about me, see my FAQ page. Thanks! Shadowbot 08:35, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

PAL
HI - Vicer 09:43, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:GTASA Johnny.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to Image:GTASA Johnny.jpg. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia constitutes fair use. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Freedomeagle 20:38, 1 August 2007 (UTC)

Fabryka Industrial Rock Magazine
Hi there, I noticed you removed the unreferenced tag I added to the article Fabryka Industrial Rock Magazine. Please note that addressing the concern before removing the tag is generally appreciated. Currently the article contains no evidence from third-party reliable sources as to the notability of the magazine. Addition of this information would be helpful in creating this article. Thanks! -- Kinu t /c  06:39, 13 September 2009 (UTC)

Articles for deletion nomination of Fabryka Industrial Rock Magazine
I have nominated Fabryka Industrial Rock Magazine, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/Fabryka Industrial Rock Magazine. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Tim1357 (talk) 00:14, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

Tagging of Shovel (band)
I recently removed a speedy delete tag that you had placed on Shovel (band). I do not think that Shovel (band) fits any of the speedy deletion criteria because The mention of charting makes this not an A7 IMO. I request that you consider not re-tagging Shovel (band) for speedy deletion without discussing the matter on the appropriate talk page. You are, of course, free to tag the article with prod or nominate it at WP:AFD. DES (talk) 00:45, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

 * I agree with DES about the speedy tagging; assuming the band does not exist (and I think you're right on that point, it should have been tagged as vandalism -- and I doubt it's blatant enough to qualify. More important, like several other articles you've tagged as speedies, it appears to be part of a network of hoax articles, and hunting them all down will be much easier if we don't start deleting them until all the identifications are made. So I've been converting the speedies to PRODS, and tagging related articles inked to them. Hullaballoo Wolfowitz (talk) 03:02, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

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Discogs
Hi Xanarki. As per WP:ALBUMAVOID, Discogs must never be cited as it fails WP:USERG. Thanks.  Rob van  vee  11:05, 26 June 2020 (UTC)
 * @Robvanvee Alrigh, I didn't know. But what about a reference to a Discogs page that has uploaded pictures? Such as, proof of an album's tracklisting or linear notes. Xanarki (talk) 02:37, 27 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Sorry for the delayed response. According to WP:ALBUMAVOID and the most recent discussion, that is permissible using this template.  Rob van  vee  10:41, 28 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Looks good, thank ya Xanarki (talk) 21:53, 28 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Cool, and for what it's worth, I never initiated this conversation so I could "teach" you something. More because I wanted to notify you as to my reason for reverting your edit which some people are easily offended by. Go well!  Rob van  vee  06:28, 29 June 2020 (UTC)
 * When I saw it was you (I remember you from NIN), I knew there was a good reason for the revert lol so it's all good. Also with all of the subpages and discussions, I would've never found that template on my own. Xanarki (talk) 21:09, 29 June 2020 (UTC)
 * I had to go back and check out the NIN talk page quickly before continuing to make sure I wasn't a complete douchbag then 😆 Seems it was amicable, at least between the 2 of us. Happy editing Xarnarki.  Rob van  vee  06:17, 30 June 2020 (UTC)

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Proposed deletion of Faygoluvers

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Nomination of List of playable characters in the WWF/E video games for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article List of playable characters in the WWF/E video games is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

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Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. soetermans. ↑↑↓↓←→←→ B A TALK 03:47, 2 November 2022 (UTC)

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Dog Eat Dog edits
Hey, it’s easier to just respond here than it is via edit summaries. To answer your question regarding drummer Brett. No, Brett was their official first drummer, regardless of whether he appeared on any recording. Not making a recorded appearance is not what defines a touring member. Touring members are those that are hired to temporally fill a position when needed. Mayhew was brought for a European tour when Nastasi wouldn’t go but it was believed he would do so when they got back. Mayhew didn’t even stay the whole time. DeBacker was them brought in to tour and when it was time to record Play Games, the band stuck with DeBacker, making him a full time member and Nastasi moved on.

Axel Hilgenstoehler was also a fill in. After Kilkenny quit, Matt Salem was hired to replace him. Within a year though, he quit just as the band was about to tour Europe. Current guitarist Roger Haemmerli was hired as a temporary replacement. On the following tour, the spot was filled by Hilgenstoehler since the band still didn’t have a guitarist. Following that, Haemmerli and was ultimately hired in the spot permanently.

Finally, Tobi Vogelfänger was a sax player from another band in Europe that they brought in to fill that role live.

Those are all examples of what touring member means. There are several members who were in the band that never recorded with them. However, they were considered actual members as opposed to someone filling a spot in a pinch.

As far as the color coded timeline, do whatever you want with that, as far as I’m concerned. I find those to pointless and huge eyesores to begin with.

I’m not sure what the fascination with making the dates smaller however. I don’t see the benefit, it’s certainly not the standard, and it doesn’t even work when looking at pages via phone. NJZombie (talk) 22:06, 29 July 2023 (UTC)

 * I always assumed the small font for the dates was standard. I see it on over half of band pages. I also made sure the dashes were all the same too. Good point about Brett, considering he was technically a founding member. Just wish someone knew his damn name lol. I think it's okay now, previously I just wanted it to be consistent regardless of the technicality. Am hyped we finally get a new album tho. Xanarki (talk) 01:54, 30 July 2023 (UTC)

Welcome
Thanks for your recent edits to Taproot's page. I just saw the info that you added about Welcome needing 9 million streams to reach Gold status. I didn't know about that so I'm gonna start streaming it on Spotify to help those guys out! T Yorke (talk) 21:07, 10 November 2023 (UTC)

 * Lol yeah I assumed it already hit gold but apparently not. I'm sure it'll happen within the year. I wasn't really a huge fan of 'em until a few months ago either, but I recently went thru each album. Good timing too, since Scissors or whatever it's called today is pretty decent. Xanarki (talk) 23:12, 10 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Yeah I actually wasn't too familiar with their music until fairly recently either. Lol yeah their new album is pretty good. I recommend seeing them live on this new tour if you haven't already. T Yorke (talk) 20:17, 11 November 2023 (UTC)

Taproot lede
Hi Xanarki. I saw your comment on Talk: Taproot (band) about the lede and wanted to know what you think of this as the lede: Taproot is an American alternative metal band from Ann Arbor, Michigan, formed in 1997. They have several singles that were on the Mainstream Rock chart, including their hit single "Poem", which peaked at No. 5 in 2002.

The paragraph above mentions that they have several singles that charted instead of just listing "Poem" as the only one. That other editor, Revirvlkodlaku, thinks Taproot has singles that charted in the 90s. I'd greatly appreciate it if you would consider my paragraph over his new shortened one. Thanks in advance. Clay...Bill Clay (talk) 07:09, 14 November 2023 (UTC)

 * I'm actually leaning towards neither. Why not just end it after "formed in 1997"? On the very next paragraph (or, on mobile, directly after the infobox), it goes into detail about "Poem" anyway. I'm not a fan of listing the "other singles" bit because, unfortunately, their other singles didn't come close to the success of "Poem". No other song made it to any top 10 ("Calling" was close but if memory serves right, it wasn't even at No. 11 for long at all). Xanarki (talk) 16:07, 14 November 2023 (UTC)
 * OK, I won't add that paragraph to the lede then. That other editor, Revirvlkodlaku, has issued me some kind of warning although I'm not sure if that really means anything. Clay...Bill Clay (talk) 18:59, 14 November 2023 (UTC)
 * It's just a courteous thing, not an admin. Maybe we can revisit it when the article has more reliable sources added (that's the main priority at the moment, there's a tag at the top of the page) + when Welcome attains Gold status soon (because that might be something notable as well). Xanarki (talk) 19:55, 14 November 2023 (UTC)

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Please undo edit
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wolves_(Candlebox_album)&diff=next&oldid=1181857519 Per MOS:VAR, MOS:RETAIN, and WP:ALBUMSTYLE. Thanks. ―Justin ( koa v f ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 08:25, 19 March 2024 (UTC)

 * Hi, can you point out why it should be reverted?
 * The previous formatting didn't include tsongwriters, so I don't think the first two MOS you linked applies unless I'm missing something. s. Since this album (unlike their other ones) had numerous different people credited, I figured it was notable enough to include it. Xanarki (talk) 14:27, 19 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Because per MOS:VAR and MOS:RETAIN, you should keep existing styles and per WP:ALBUMSTYLE, it's totally valid to have a simple list style. To be clear, the addition of songwriters is very useful and appreciated, sorry if that was somehow lost by my request. I was only discussing the use of track listing, not the helpful additions you made, for which I am grateful. ―Justin ( koa v f ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 14:32, 19 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Oh I see, no problem. According to WP:ALBUMSTYLE, it says "In more complicated situations (releases with a wide variety of writers/producers, compilations culled from multiple sources, etc.), a table or the track listing template may be a better choice." which is why I used the template. I don't think using the simple list format allows for a Writers field but I could be mistaken. Xanarki (talk) 15:15, 19 March 2024 (UTC)
 * It's easy to include songwriting credits. e.g. I just created Kicks (Rickie Lee Jones album). ―Justin ( koa v f ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 16:04, 19 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Oh I see, with the parenthesis. OK no problem - I'll be sure to look at an artist's other albums first, to see which formatting is being used (in the case of Candlebox, half of them use list and half use template, so that one's a toss-up). Thnx for the help..... FYI on that article you linked, I noticed you used "and" when there's multiple writers. I don't think that's typically used. See WP:TRACKLISTING under "Style and form". Xanarki (talk) 16:24, 19 March 2024 (UTC)
 * We are both learning. It's beautiful. Thanks. ―Justin ( koa v f ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 16:36, 19 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Can you please change back the track listing formatting? Thanks. ―Justin ( koa v f ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 17:20, 21 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Ok, I'm gonna switch over the writing credits too. Xanarki (talk) 17:46, 21 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Merci. ―Justin ( koa v f ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 20:56, 21 March 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Xanarki


text:
Raiden Fighters 2

Raiden Fighters 2: Operation Hell Dive (ライデンファイターズ2) is a 1997 scrolling shooter arcade game by Seibu Kaihatsu. It is the direct sequel to Raiden Fighters, which is a spin-off of the Raiden scrolling shooter video game franchise. This game shares the same game mechanics as its predecessor while expanding on the concepts that defined it. It is followed by Raiden Fighters Jet, the third game in the series.

Gameplay
Raiden Fighters 2 has simplistic controls typical of shoot 'em up games. A Fire button shoots the player's weapons. A Bomb button releases a special attack that damages enemies and cancels out enemy fire over a large area.

A new feature introduced in Raiden Fighters 2 is the Hybrid Attack, available only during a two-player game. When two players are close to each other and use their charged attacks, the Hybrid attack is activated, rendering both players invincible for the duration of the attack.

Medals appear more frequently than in the first game, giving players increased scoring opportunities.

Stages
There are a total of seven stages, divided into three missions. Stage environments include swamps, beaches, and a raid against enemy bombers. Each of the first two missions ends in a long boss encounter. The first two stages in these missions are randomly ordered. The final Mission pits the player against an attack base and an experimental attack aircraft as bosses.

Fighter craft
This game includes seven aircraft, which are retooled versions of the Raiden Fighters craft. Some craft had their secondary weapons switched around, while others had theirs revamped. The rest are new to this game, complete with new weaponry.

The secret fighters in this game are unlocked the longer the arcade machine has been running since initial boot-up. Newer single-PCB versions of the game eliminate the time-based unlocking mechanic and make all the fighters available from the start. Unlockable fighters include the Miclus and Fairy (both collectible score items in the Raiden and Raiden Fighters series). Introduced in this game are the second-player colored variation of the Raiden mk-II and Judge Spear, dubbed the Raiden mk-IIβ and Blue Javelin respectively, each with different weaponry and attributes than their counterparts.

All but two of the hidden craft in this game reappear in the sequel Raiden Fighters Jet.

Plot
Raiden Fighters 2 takes place four years after the events of the first game. A few surviving guerrilla groups gather under a dictator. They form a new nation and begin attacks on the protagonists. In response, retooled fighters were deployed in a new mission called Operation Hell Dive.

Music
The music of Raiden Fighters 2 is composed in the techno style with some instances of drum and bass (the theme of the boss stages). The soundtrack was composed by Go Sato. His past works include the soundtracks of Raiden II, parts of Raiden DX, Viper Phase 1, Senkyu (Battle Balls in the USA), and the first Raiden Fighters.

Other versions
The later Raiden Fighters 2 - 2000 Operation Hell Dive clone runs on cheaper hardware and features notoriously inferior sound than the original.

A newer single-board version was released for the US market. This stand-alone version has all fighters available immediately.

In Japan, Game Machine listed Raiden Fighters 2 on their February 1, 1998 issue as being the eleventh most-successful arcade game of the month.

title: Raiden Fighters 2


text:
Casimir Ubaghs

Gérard Casimir Ubaghs (or Gerhard Casimir Ubaghs) (26 November 1800 – 15 February 1875) was a Dutch Catholic philosopher and theologian. For about 30 years (1834–1864) he was the chief formulator and promoter of a type of philosophical theology known as "traditionalist ontologism." Many of Ubaghs' doctrines were modifications of forms of traditionalism and ontologism that were already current in the 19th- and previous centuries. Ubaghs and some of his followers taught primarily at the Catholic University of Louvain, where a school of philosophical theology based on his teachings came into being. This school of philosophical theology is referred to, variously, as the Traditionalist Ontologism of Louvain, or as the Ontologico-Traditionalist School of Louvain.

Family background
Ubaghs was born in Berg en Terblijt, a village in the municipality of Valkenburg aan de Geul, in Limburg (Netherlands). His parents were Jean Ubachs (1758 – 30 April 1833), who was an innkeeper on the Cauberg, and Marie Helene Pluijmen (1763 – 6 November 1840). Gerard's father spelled his surname "Ubachs" instead of "Ubaghs", as did many other members of his family. Jean and Marie were married on 16 November 1783 in Valkenburg; they had 10 children: Gérard had 4 brothers and 5 sisters.

Career
In 1834, while professor of philosophy at the seminary of Rolduc, Ubaghs was called to the Catholic University of Louvain. During the period 1834–1864, the Catholic University of Louvain was famous for being the primary dissemination point of traditionalist ontologism. Ubaghs held the position of Ordinary Professor and Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters, teaching a general introduction to philosophy, as well as logic, metaphysics and psychological anthropology.

In 1846, Ubaghs undertook the editorship of the Revue catholique (founded in 1843), which had become the official organ of ontologism. He was joined in this endeavor by Arnold-Pieter Tits (1807–1851) and Gérard Lonay (1806–1883). Tits had taught beside Ubaghs in the Seminary of Rolduc, and then transferred to Louvain in 1840, where he became professor of fundamental theology. Lonay had also been a professor at Rolduc before transferring to Louvain.

Additional followers of Ubaghs included Nicholas-Joseph Laforêt (1823–1872), Pieter Claessens (1817–1886) (Canon of St. Rumbold's Cathedral in Mechlin), Jacques-Nicolas Moeller (1777–1862), Abbé Thomas-Joseph Bouquillon (1840–1902), and Bernard Van Loo, OFMRec (1818–1885).

Ubaghs had several followers in France, the most prominent of whom were Louis Branchereau SS (1819–1913), Philippe Jerôme Marie Jules Fabre d'Envieu (1821–1901), and Flavien-Abel-Antoine Hugonin (1823–1898) (Bishop of Bayeux and Lisieux).

But opponents of Ubaghs soon appeared. The Journal historique et littéraire founded by Pierre Kersten (1789–1865), kept up an incessant controversy with the Revue catholique. Opponents of Ubaghs' traditionalist ontologism who joined Kersten included Bonaventure Joseph Gilson (1796–1884) (dean of Bouillon), Jean-Joseph Lupus (1810–1888), and others. From 1858 to 1861 the controversy raged. It was at its height when a decision of the Roman Congregation (21 September 1864) censured in Ubaghs's works a series of propositions relating to ontologism. Already in 1843 the Congregation of the Index had taken note of five propositions and ordered Ubaghs to correct them and expunge them from his teaching, but he misunderstood the import of this first decision. When his career was ended in 1864 he had the mortification of witnessing the ruin of a teaching to which he had devoted forty years of his life.

From 1864 until his death in Louvain in 1875, Ubaghs lived in retirement.

Philosophy
Ubaghs was a Traditionalist, holding that moral knowledge could only be acquired through oral transmission of divine revelation, not through human reason. On this theory, the primordial act of man is an act of faith, with the authority of others as the basis of certitude. Unlike some Traditionalists, however, Ubaghs did not hold this to imply that all moral knowledge was founded on blind trust, or that the existence of God could not be rationally proved. Instead, he believed that, while human reason could not discover moral truths unaided, it could comprehend and demonstrate them once they were awakened by instruction. Ubaghs writes:

"As the word 'view' chiefly expresses four things, the faculty of seeing, the act of seeing, the object seen, e.g. a landscape, and the drawing an artist makes of this object, so we give the name idea, which is derived from the former, chiefly to four different things: the faculty of knowing rationally, the act of rational knowledge, the object of this knowledge, the intellectual copy or formula which we make of this object in conceiving it."

Works
Ubaghs also wrote numerous articles in the Louvain Revue catholique.
 * Logicae seu philosophiae rationalis elementa (6 editions, 1834–60)
 * Ontologiae sive metaph. generalis specimen (5 editions, 1835–63)
 * Theodicae seu theologiae naturalis (4 editions)
 * Anthropoligicae philosoph. elementa (1848)
 * Précis de logique élémentaire (5 editions)
 * Précis d'anthropol. psychologique (5 editions)
 * Du réalisme en théologie et en philosophie (1856)
 * Essai d'idéologie ontologique (1860)

title: Casimir Ubaghs


text: User talk:70.68.166.146

title: User talk:70.68.166.146


text:
User talk:Vwhite

Thanks for uploading Image:Strauss- Also Sprach Zarathustra, einleitung.ogg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Until the image has a tag and an identified source, it will be listed as no source, which means it can be deleted in 7 days. Could you add a better tag to let us know its copyright status? If you made the image yourself, an easy way to deal with this is add gfdl if you're willing to release it under the GFDL. Alternatively, you could release all rights to it by adding NoRightsReserved. This would allow anyone to do whatever they wish with your image, without exceptions. However, if it isn't your own image, you need to specify what free license it was distributed under. You can find a list of the tags here. If it was not distributed under a free license, but you claim fair use, add {{fairuse}}. If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know where you got the images by posting to my talk page. If you do this, I can tag them for you. Thanks so much, Superm401 | Talk 03:33, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Vwhite


text:
User:Prodigy2007

Prodigy...2007...what more is there to know??

Prodigy:A person with exceptional talents or powers: a math prodigy. An act or event so extraordinary or rare as to inspire wonder. A portentous sign or event; an omen.

2007: The year two thousand and seven CE (Common Era)

Any questions???

title: User:Prodigy2007


text:
James Dearth

James Dearth (born January 22, 1976) is a former American football long snapper. Dearth, who attended Tarleton State University, was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the sixth round of the 1999 NFL Draft.

He has also been a member of the New York Jets, Washington Redskins, San Diego Chargers and New England Patriots.

Early years
Dearth attended Scurry-Rosser High School in Scurry, Texas and was a student and a letterman in football. In football, he was a starter at both, quarterback and middle linebacker, and was an All-State honoree at both positions.

Cleveland Browns
Dearth was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the sixth round (191st overall) of the 1999 NFL Draft.

New York Jets
In 2001, the Jets would sign the free agent Dearth as a tight end/long snapper. In that same year he recorded a career-high three receptions and a touchdown. Following the season, Dearth was relegated to long snapping duties and was a consistent part of the Jets' special teams unit until he became a free agent and was replaced by Tanner Purdum following the 2009 season.

Washington Redskins
On August 14, 2010, Dearth would sign with the Washington Redskins. Dearth was expected to compete with the "inconsistent" Nick Sundberg. Despite Sundberg's inconsistencies he slowly progressed throughout training camp and eventually Dearth was waived on August 31, 2010 in favor of the improved Sundberg.

San Diego Chargers
The San Diego Chargers signed Dearth on September 15, 2010 after a hamstring injury saw long snapper David Binn placed on injured reserve. Two days later on September 17, 2010, Dearth suffered a foot injury during practice and would subsequently be placed on injured reserve before playing a game for the Chargers.

New England Patriots
Dearth signed with the New England Patriots on August 29, 2011. He was released on September 4.

Personal
Dearth is married to his wife, Laurie, with whom he has three children, Kaitlyn, Kendall, and Kolton. Dearth, a devout Christian, is known to be a "low-key and cordial" person.

Dearth used to co-own an Athletic Republic franchise in the Houston area with friend and former Jets running back Derrick Blaylock. The facility opened in December 2009 aiming to help young athletes prepare for professional careers.

title: James Dearth


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Needles and Pins

Needles and Pins may refer to:

 * "Needles and Pins" (nursery rhyme), a children's nursery rhyme
 * "Needles and Pins" (song), a song written by Jack Nitzsche and Sonny Bono, made famous by The Searchers
 * "Needles and Pins", a song by Deftones from their self-titled album
 * Needles and Pins (TV series), an American TV series
 * A form of paresthesia

title: Needles and Pins


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User:Gerbilfyed4

Guinea pigs (also called cavies) are rodents belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia, originally indigenous to the Andes.

Despite their common name, the animals are not pigs, nor do they come from Guinea.

History
Guinea Pigs were loved for the fact the produce many, many beans, made to make "Fece Coffee". Guinea pigs do not smell bad.

Dutch and English traders brought guinea pigs to Europe, where they quickly became popular as exotic pets.

Name
How the animals came to be thought of as "pigs" is not clear. One thought is that some of the sounds they make reminded people of pigs, for they emit a variety of sounds, some very similar to a pig's squeal. They are built somewhat like a pig, with a large head relative to the body, a stout neck, and a rounded rump with no tail of any consequence; they also spend a large amount of time eating. They can survive fairly well for long periods of time in small quarters, like a 'pig pen', and were thus easily transported on ships to Europe.

The animal's name carries connotations of it being a pig in many languages. The German word for them is Meerschweinchen, literally "little sea pigs" (sailing ships stopping to re-provision in the New World would pick up stores of guinea pigs, which provided an easily transportable source of fresh meat; Meerschwein = porpoise, another food source for sailors). The Welsh term is mochyn cwta ('little pig'), the French Cochon d'Inde (Indian pig); the Dutch used to call it guinees biggetje (Guinean piglet). In Italian the term is either Porcellino d'India (Little Indian Pig) or Cavia Peruviana (Peruvian Cavy). This is not universal; for example, the common Spanish word is conejillo de Indias (Indian bunny rabbit / Indies bunny).

The scientific name of the common species is Cavia porcellus, with porcellus being Latin for "little pig". Cavia is derived from Portuguese çavia (now savia) from the Tupi word sawiya, meaning rat.

The origin of "guinea" in "guinea pig" is even harder to explain. According to the etymology of the entry for "guinea pig" in The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition, the term guinea pig is "Perhaps [an] alteration (influenced by Guinea, used as a name for any faraway unknown country) of Guiana". One theory is that the animals were brought to Europe by way of Guinea, leading people to think they had originated there. Another theory suggests that "Guinea" in the case of the guinea pig is a corruption of "Guiana", an area in South America. A common misconception is that they were so named because they were sold as the closest thing to a pig one could get for a guinea (an old British coin with a value of 21 shillings, or 1.05 GBP in modern decimal currency). However, evidence does not support this conjecture: for example, the Dutch name refers to the country of Guinea rather than the British coin, and the first guinea pig was described in 1554 by the Swiss naturalist Konrad Gesner more than a hundred years before the first guinea was struck. Others believe guinea is a corruption of the word coney, because guinea pigs were called pig coneys in 1607 ; they resemble rabbits, ignoring the ears.

Traits and environment

Guinea pigs are large for rodents, weighing between 0.5 and 1.5 kg (1–3 pounds), and measuring 25–40 cm (10–15 inches) long. They live an average of four to eight years. According to the 1997 Guinness Book of Records the longest living Guinea pig survived 15 years. They are social, living in the wild in small groups which consist of sows (females), a boar (male), and the young (which in a break with the preceding porcine nomenclature are called pups). Unlike similar rodents, Guinea pigs mate for life in the same pair bond. Domesticated Guinea pigs thrive in groups of two or more; groups of sows, or groups of (a) sow(s) and a neutered boar are common combinations. Groups of boars may also get along, provided their cage has enough space, they are not introduced to a female, and proper introduction techniques are employed. Some guinea pig owners report that female guinea pigs are more docile than their male counterparts, although each guinea pig is different.

In their wild state, Guinea pigs are found on grassy plains and occupy an ecological niche similar to that of the cow. They move together in small groups (herds) eating grass or whatever other plants they come across. They are crepuscular, tending to be most active during dawn and dusk, when it is harder for predators to spot them. If startled they can run for cover with surprising speed. Domestic guinea pigs have developed a different rhythm, and have longer periods of activity followed by short periods of sleep in between. Activity is scattered randomly over the 24 hours of the day.

Domestic guinea pigs generally live in cages, though some owners of large herds of guinea pigs will dedicate entire rooms to their pets. Guinea pigs should be kept indoors, instead of in outdoor hutches where they are exposed to predators and adverse weather conditions that may cause illness due to excess heat, cold, or humidity. Cages with wire mesh floors are not recommended by guinea pig owners as these can cause injury and may be associated with a foot infection commonly known as "bumblefoot" (ulcerative pododermatitis). Cages are often lined with wood shavings or a similar material. Bedding made from red cedar and pine, both softwoods, were commonly used in past decades but are now believed to contain harmful phenols (aromatic hydrocarbons) and oils (particularly red cedar). Many retail stores and manufacturers still advertise softwood beddings as safe for guinea pigs, but there is growing pressure to stop the practice. Safer beddings include those made from hardwoods (such as aspen), hemp, paper, or grain. A new idea for bedding is the practice of lining the cage with newspaper or another absorbent material and covering it with fleece. This is cheaper than standard beddings, and easier to clean. Shredded office paper is another inexpensive alternative. "Cubes and Coroplast" (or C&C) style cages are now a common choice. There is much controversy surronding conventional petstore cages, for the possibility they are possibly harmful for them.

Unlike many rodents such as mice, rats, or squirrels, guinea pigs are not very athletic, although they require ample space to run, jump, play, hide and rest. Jumping gaps, climbing, and fearlessness in the face of heights were not skills guinea pigs needed in their natural environment, although they can hop over small obstacles with agility. When excited, Guinea pigs tend to do little jumps in the air (known as "popcorning").

Guinea pigs can learn complex paths to food. They can accurately remember the learned path for weeks and months. Their strongest and overwhelming problem solving strategy is moving.

Guinea pigs are very vocal animals. Some sounds are:

 * Wheek - A loud noise that sounds about the same as its written form. An expression of general excitement, it can mean "feed me", "pay attention", or possibly "I'm hurt". It is sometimes used to find other guinea pigs if they are in a run. If a guinea pig is lost, it may "wheek" for assistance.
 * Rumbling - This sound is related to Guinea pig dominance or in response to an unfamiliar sound. It can also come as a response to comfort or content. Whilst courting, a male usually purrs deeply, while swaying from side to side, nearly lifting the rear feet.
 * Chattering - This sound is made by rapidly gnashing the teeth together—it is a warning to others to keep away. Guinea pigs tend to raise their heads when making this sound so as to look more dangerous.
 * Bubbling, or Purring - This rather pleasant sound is made when the guinea pig is enjoying itself, when being petted or held. They may also make this sound when grooming, crawling around to investigate a new place, or when given an unexpected food treat, like lettuce or carrots.
 * Chirping - The meaning of this sound is unclear to this editor, but its existence is well documented.

Breeding

The gestation lasts from 59-72 days (average is around 68 days), which is quite long considering its relatively small mass. Pups are already well developed, including fur, teeth, claws and full eyesight, when they are born. The young are mobile from birth, and depending on the environment, will usually venture outdoors within a week. Pups begin eating solid food after a couple of days, though continue to suckle also. Males may demonstrate courtship behavior (following young females and making a "warbling" sound) in the second or third week after birth. Litters vary from two or three young to as many as eight or more. In smaller litters, difficulties may occur during labour, due to over-sized pups. Up to half the young may be lost in larger litters, as the mother cannot attend to the newborns fast enough. If a large number survive, it is likely that the weakest (or runts of the litter), will be insufficiently nursed, resulting occasionally in the death of one or two pups. Lactating mothers' milk consists of approximately 3.9% fat, 8.1% protein, and 3.0% lactose. Many nursing supplements intended for other small animals may not match guinea pig milk's composition.

Because of the long gestation period and the large size of the pups, pregnant females may become large and eggplant-shaped, although the change in size and shape varies among individual animals. Breeding males produce a strong musk that smells much like beeswax.

Females can be fertile as early as three weeks and can carry litters before they themselves are adults. This can seriously affect the growth of the young mother, as her unborn pups compete with her for nutrition.

Cohousing male and female guinea pigs may lead to pregnancy, which can be fatal in females older than six months that have never been bred. Females (sows) that have never been bred commonly develop irreversible fusing of the pubic symphysis, a joint in the pelvis, between six and nine months of age. Because the birth canal cannot widen sufficiently, this may lead to dystocia and death as they attempt to give birth. The sex of a guinea pig can be determined by examining the genitalia.

Males (boars) have been known to be fertile as early as 3-4 weeks of age but more typically around 5-6. Females can become pregnant in less than 12 hours after giving birth, and it is not healthy for a female to be in virtually a constant state of pregnancy. Cohabitating females may assist in mothering duties.

Toxemia of pregnancy is common and kills many pregnant females. Signs of toxemia include anorexia, lack of energy, excessive salivation, and a ketone breath odor, and in advanced cases seizures and death. Pregnancy toxemia appears to be most common in hot climates. Other serious complications of pregnancy can include a prolapsed uterus and hypocalcemia.

Diet
Like humans but unlike most other mammals, guinea pigs cannot synthesize their own vitamin C and must obtain this vital nutrient from food. Also like humans, if guinea pigs cannot get enough vitamin C they will suffer from scurvy and ultimately die. Guinea pigs require about 25-50mg of vitamin C daily, which can be obtained through fresh, raw fruits and vegetables or through supplements fed to domestic animals. Guinea pigs often learn to enjoy these tablets, eating them from their owners' hands.

Grass is the guinea pig's natural diet. Grass digestion requires a special digestive system; whereas most grass-eating mammals are quite large and have a long digestive tract, guinea pigs use a more unusual method, practicing coprophagy, the eating of their own feces. However, they do not consume their feces indiscriminately. They produce special soft pellets, called "cecotropes", which contain the B vitamins and bacteria required for proper digestion. These pellets are not the same as regular feces. They share this behaviour with rabbits.

Guinea pigs benefit from feeding on grass hay such as timothy hay in addition to food pellets. Hay provides roughage and long-strand fiber needed in their diet which pellets alone do not provide. Alfalfa hay, a legume hay richer in calcium and protein, is available either fresh or in the form of pellets (the most common pellet-based feed available). Experts recommend that alfalfa and other foods rich in calcium, (such as spinach), be fed to adults only in moderation. Diets with imbalanced Ca:P ratios may result in health problems and may possibly contribute to the formation of certain types of bladder stones and bladder sludge. A number of brands of commercially prepared pellets exist that are based on dehydrated timothy hay, which are ideally suited for guinea pigs over six months that are not pregnant or lactating.

A number of plants are poisonous to guinea pigs, including bracken, buttercup, bryony, charlock, deadly nightshade, hemlock, lily of the valley, privet, scarlet pimpernel, ragwort, various parts of the potato plant, toadflax and tomato leaves. Additionally, any plant which grows from a bulb e.g., tulip and onion is normally considered poisonous. Guinea pigs are also known to consume large amounts of cloth (bed sheets, clothing, shoe laces), newspaper/glossy paper, or even plastic, such as insulation around electrical cords. Surprisingly, they can usually withstand consuming such materials, although they are not recommended by owners because they are potentially dangerous and have little nutritional value.

Health
Common ailments in domestic guinea pigs include respiratory infections, diarrhea, scurvy (vitamin C deficiency, symptoms include hind leg paralysis), abscesses (large amounts of a thick pus that create a bulge, often in their neck, due to infected internal scratches from hay that is too hard or infected external scratches received in a variety of ways), and infections by lice, mites or fungus.

Mange mites (Trixacarus caviae) are a common cause of fur loss, whose symptoms also may include excessive scratching, unusually aggressive behavior when touched (due to pain), and in some instances, seizures. If not treated, mange mites can be fatal. Mange mites are not visible to the naked eye. Vets may perform a "skin scraping" to determine the presence of mites (or a fungal infection), although this procedure is often painful and may result in a false negative result. Mange mites are commonly treated with several doses of ivermectin, available through a veterinarian, or from a Feedstore (for horses). Revolution for Dogs & Cats can also be used.

Guinea pigs may also suffer from "running lice" (Gliricola porcelli) a small white insect which can be seen running through fur. Ivermectin or Advantage (imidacloprid), are often used to treat these and other types of lice.

Other causes of fur loss can be due to hormonal upsets caused by underlying medical conditions such as ovarian cysts. Other signs of ovarian cysts include enlarged nipples and sexually aggressive behavior. Ovarian cysts are frequently diagnosed via ultrasound and treated by spaying the sow. If left untreated, cysts may fatally rupture.

Guinea pigs are "prey animals" whose survival instinct is to mask pain and signs of illness, and many times signs of illness may not be apparent until a problem is severe or in its advanced stages. Common early symptoms of problems are:
 * Lethargy (reduced activity)
 * Blood present in cage or on animal
 * Sitting in a hunched position with fur puffed out
 * Discharge from eyes (see note below), nose or ears
 * Raspy-sounding vocalizations
 * Wheezing or difficulty breathing
 * Limping
 * Diarrhea
 * Lack of feces output (older, unneutered boars may suffer from impaction)
 * Head tilt or loss of balance (may indicate an ear infection)
 * Wheeking while urinating (may indicate bladder infection or bladder stones/sludge)
 * Sensitivity to touch
 * Fur loss
 * Excessive scratching
 * Weight loss
 * Rapid weight gain/shifting of bodily weight (may indicate ovarian cysts, etc.)

Guinea pigs normally secrete a milky-white fluid near their eyes. Upon secretion of this fluid, the cavy will usually raise his front paws and groom himself.

Domestic guinea pigs

Guinea pigs are widely considered to be good pets. They are generally easy to care for, although they do require frequent cage cleaning and companionship. If handled early in their life by caring owners, they become very amenable to being picked up and carried about, even by younger children. They are considered by many to be very cute and are very verbal (they squeak) when they come in contact with humans. Guinea pigs who become familiar with their human seem to consider them part of their herd, and become distraught when separated for long periods.

Domesticated guinea pigs come in many breeds which have been developed since their arrival in Europe and North America. These varieties vary widely in hair and color composition.

All over the world there are Cavy Clubs and Associations dedicated to the showing and breeding of guinea pigs. The American Cavy Breeders Association is the governing body in the United States. In Canada, the Ontario Cavy Club is the most prominent club. Each club publishes its own Standard of Perfection and determines which breeds are eligible for showing.

Guinea pigs in scientific research
In English, the term "Guinea pig" is often used as a metaphor for a subject of scientific experimentation. Experiments done by Antoine Lavoisier in 18th century France involved the calorimeter, a device used to measure heat production. He concluded, "la respiration est donc une combustion." That is, respiratory gas exchange is a combustion, like that of a candle burning.

Guinea Pigs were popular laboratory animals into the 20th century, but are now less commonly used. In the past they were used to isolate different bacterial strains, but in modern labs they have been replaced by mice and rats, which reproduce more quickly and which are more completely characterized genetically.

A peculiarity of guinea pigs as research animals is that they are highly sensitive to penicillin, which can cause potentially fatal cases of diarrhea and/or toxemia. The cause of this is not certain, and is all the more peculiar since, according to some researchers, the reaction is seasonal, and others do not report any toxicity at all. One theory is that the antibiotic actually kills off intestinal microflora that the guinea pig needs for digestion, rather than poisoning the animal itself, leaving it vulnerable to an opportunistic infection by Clostridium difficile and similar pathogens. This fact, mentioned in a well-known speech by Howard Florey, is often used as an argument against the efficacy of animal testing.

Guinea pig strains used in scientific research are primarily outbred strains. Many laboratory guinea pig strains are based on the Dunkin-Hartley English strain and are albino, although pigmented strains are also available. Inbred strains are less common and are usually used for very specific research, such as immune system molecular biology. Of the inbred strains that have been created, the two that are still used with any frequency are "Strain 2" and "Strain 13".

Their main value to medical research is that they are one of the few animals which, like humans, cannot synthesize Vitamin C but must obtain it from diet. Guinea pigs also have an unusual insulin mutation which makes it a suitable species for the generation of anti-insulin antibodies.

On 20 January 2006 Darley Oaks Farm in the United Kingdom ceased operating and therefore ceased breeding guinea pigs for scientific research and animal testing, after a 7 year campaign by the Save the Newchurch Guinea Pigs animal rights campaign.

Guinea pigs as food
Guinea pigs (called cuy, cuye, curí) were originally domesticated for their meat in the Andes.

As food, the guinea pig is described as a combination of rabbit and the dark meat on chicken, though in color, taste, and the fineness of bones the gourmet will be reminded of quail. It is high in protein (21%) and low in fat (8%). Due to the fact that they require much less room than traditional livestock and reproduce extremely quickly when compared to traditional stock animals, they can be raised as a source of food in an urban environment—unlike most livestock animals. Within the residential areas of Lima it is common to find roof tops covered with milk crates and mazes of plywood in which a landlord will be raising cuye to sell on special occasions.

To this day, cuye continues to be a major part of the diet in Peru and Bolivia, particularly in the Andes Mountains highlands, where they are an important source of protein and a mainstay of Andean folk medicine. Peruvians consume an estimated 65 million Guinea pigs each year, and the animal is so entrenched in the culture that one famous painting of the Last Supper in the main cathedral in Cusco, Peru shows Christ and the twelve disciples dining on guinea pig.

Guinea pigs are also consumed in Ecuador, mainly in the Sierra region of the country, but are not depended upon as a staple source of protein.

Guinea pigs in the popular imagination
Guinea pigs have received much less attention from writers, artists, or the popular media than other similar animals. Recently there have been more appearances of guinea pigs in books, film, television and other media.

Literature

 * Olga da Polga, a guinea pig with a wild imagination and adventurous spirit, is the main character in a number of books written by Michael Bond.
 * Fluffy The Classroom Guinea Pig stars in a series of early reader books written by Kate McMullan and illustrated by Mavis Smith.
 * In The Magician's Nephew (the sixth published book and first chronologically of The Chronicles of Narnia series), a guinea pig is the first creature to travel to the Wood between the Worlds by means of Uncle Andrew's magic rings – thus a guinea pig is instrumental in beginning all the adventures in Narnia. When Digory and Polly encounter the guinea pig in the Wood, they decide to leave it alone, as it seems "perfectly happy" to live there.  Its fate is unknown.
 * The picture book "John Willy and Freddy McGee" by Holly Meade tells of the adventures of two bored guinea pigs who escape from their cage and explore their house.
 * The short story Pigs is Pigs by Ellis Parker Butler is a tale of bureacratic incompetence as two guinea pigs held at a train station breed unchecked while humans argue as to whether they are "pigs" for the purpose of determining freight charges (this story probably was the inspiration for Robert A. Heinlein's flatcats, and is reminiscent of the infamous tribbles of Star Trek).
 * The Fairy Caravan is a novel by Beatrix Potter which follows the adventures of Tuppenny, a young guinea pig who runs away from home to join a travelling circus.
 * Do Wrong Ron, written by Steven Herrick and illustrated by Caroline Magerl, is a story about a boy named Ron who can't do anything right. He has a Guinea pig named Charlie, and the story is puncuated with sections written from Charlie's point of view
 * The Guinea Pigs by Czech author Ludvik Vaculik is an allegory for Soviet domination and totalitarianism.
 * Harriet Ziefert and Arnold Lobel's Where's the Guinea Pig? is a chronicle of a little guinea pig who gets out of his pen, and explores the garden. It is a clay guinea pig who is illustrated, and he likes the garden.
 * "Pogo and Pip" by Jenny Dale is a children's book about a guinea pig called Pogo who befriends a hamster called Pip and helps protect him from danger. It points up the differing behaviour styles of these two rodent species - hamsters are much more active.

Film and television

 * Rodney (voiced by Chris Rock) was a prominent character in the Dr. Dolittle movie starring Eddie Murphy and Kyla Pratt.
 * Ray along with his rabbit buddy Carl, voiced by Jim Belushi and James Woods, were spokesmammals for Blockbuster Video in an ad campaign during 2002. In the above examples the animals were computer generated.
 * G.P. the Guinea Pig is a major character in the children's show Tales of the Riverbank.
 * In Power Rangers: Ninja Storm, the mentor of the Power Rangers, Sensei Watanabe, has been turned into a wise talking Guinea Pig and advises the rangers in that form.
 * Egg credit cards in the UK recently featured shopping guinea pigs in their advertising.
 * The character Magenta (Kelly Vitz) can transform herself into a guinea pig in the movie Sky High (2005 film).
 * Linny, a guinea pig, is the leader of The Wonder Pets, a television show on Nick Jr.
 * Mister Guinea Pig, a blue guinea pig, appears on Pinky Dinky Doo on Noggin.
 * Samson from the Cartoon Network animated series Camp Lazlo is a cleanliness-obsessed Guinea pig with a sensitive nose.
 * In a commercial for Snapple there was a parody of the running of the bulls with guinea pigs in place of the bulls.
 * A guinea pig is seen in a commercial promoting G4TV's Midnight Spank block in which the guinea pig threatens a sleeping man that it will the eat his remaining kidney (it had already eaten the first kidney while sleeping).
 * In one of the resent episodes, Lisa Simpson, a character from popular TV series The Simpsons has adopted a guinea pig named Pokey, which destroyed the painting in the family's living room.

title: User:Gerbilfyed4