text:
Talk:Valsalva maneuver

Hernias and straining on the toilet
The article says that the Valsalva Maneuver is used for a bowel movement. This is only the case when using the sitting position (on a conventional toilet). Two-thirds of the world use squat toilets and avoid the deleterious effects of this maneuver -- both for defecation and for childbirth.

One example is hinted at in the article: "This maneuver is also sometimes used to discover an inguinal hernia in men." The daily use of this maneuver for excretion is the main reason why 700,000 hernia repair operations are performed each year in the U.S. See this link to verify the number.

This link http://naturesplatform.com/health_benefits.html explains how sitting toilets force people to injure themselves thru the unnatural use of the Valsalva Maneuver, and how squatting would prevent much needless suffering.

~ Jonathan --65.146.211.39 16:58, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Your link only verifies the number of hernia operations done and does not prove what caused those hernias. Please submit some evidence that the Valsalva maneuver causes these hernias. Alex.tan 13:07, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, I know that it does not "prove" that the hernia is caused by straining on the toilet. But common sense would tell us that a maneuver that makes a hernia pop out (to be "discovered") is the most likely reason why it developed in the first place -- especially since this maneuver is (1) used multiple times for each daily bowel movement and (2) completely alien to natural bodily functioning.  No other animal uses this maneuver.

 * In addition, all the conventional medical websites list straining on the toilet as a major cause of hernias and pelvic floor prolapse. The experience of those who have switched to squatting is that there is virtually no straining, or holding of breath.  The posture naturally compresses the colon, eliminating the need to use the diaphragm for this purpose.

 * Many studies by Dr. B.A. Sikirov (see medline) have verified the greater ease of defecation in the squatting position. Here is his most recent study: []

 * I think it's a topic at least worth mentioning in the article.

 * ~ Jonathan --65.151.216.207 17:48, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * As far as I know, constipation is a much bigger factor in causing hernias than whether you sit or squat on the toilet. Constipation, of course, can be caused by many factors other than just toileting position. Straining on the toilet does lead to hernias, but this is a result of constipation - there is no evidence that toileting position (sitting versus squatting) causes this. If you have any evidence to support this, I would like to read it. By the way, your quoted study by Dr. Sikirov is hardly a well constructed study and does not really prove anything. Alex.tan 16:02, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I think you are confusing the order of causality. I'm a nurse and nurses deal a lot with constipation in their patients from a practical standpoint, and of course our education also provides both information and practical instructions of how to remedy and prevent it. So, from my understanding, when it reads somewhere that constipation causes hernias, I'd read into that the need of a constipated patient to employ forcefully and frequently the technique known as "straining on the toilet", i.e. even if there is no actual mention of this phrase or of "Valsalva's maneuver" they are still implied as the cause. However, you being a physician, you could perhaps supply me with some elaboration on what yuo have written to extend my general and vocational education? __meco (talk) 15:41, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

Getting back to the Valsalva Maneuver, you can easily prove to yourself that it is not required when squatting. Even if you don't buy all the implications for prevention and treatment of disease, the article needs to be corrected so it does not imply that the Valsalva Maneuver is involved in natural defecation. --Jonathan108 16:48, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

Function of the Diaphragm
This article incorrectly describes the function of the diaphragm. The diaphragm, like all muscles, can only contract in one direction. Muscles pull, they cannot push. That said, when the diaphragm contracts, it pulls down in the thoracic cavity causing inhalation of air into the lungs by creating a negative pressure (via cavity expansion). The diaphragm does NOT contract to cause exhalation of air.

68.63.28.61 06:19, 20 February 2006 (UTC)

Air expelled through eye
Is there any documentation on the Valsalva meaneuver where the air is expelled through your tear-duct? This happens to me.

 * Yes : http://www.emedicine.com/OPH/topic592.htm Specifically, if the valve of Hasner and valve of Rosenmüller in the nasolacrimal duct are missing increased pressure in the nasal cavity (as with nose-blowing or the Valsalva maneuver) an cause retrograde passage of air or fluids through the nasolacrimal duct onto the eye.

 * In an episode of _Ripley's Believe it or Not_ Jim Cichon was documented as the world record holder for squirting milk from his tear duct.

This article has been referenced by a Slate magazine article. I think there is a template that can be added to the top of this page to say that but am quite new so can't find it. Any ideas? --Wikipediatastic 10:57, 17 March 2006 (UTC)

The article is here: http://www.slate.com/id/2137959/?nav=fo

When viewed just now, the image in this article showed just the Wiki sample default image. Also, a few sentences below that is the sentence "Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and pulse rate during a normal response to Valsalva’s manoever." which is missing a key word... the longer description described increases and decreases, and my non-medical self can't figure out which should go in the sentence. Ricky 00:15, 7 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Ah, looks like a new user did major edits yesterday. Could somebody who knows something about the topic look at this? It seems bad to me, but not knowing anything about the topic, and being a newish Wikipedian myself, I don't feel bold enough. Ricky 00:25, 7 October 2006 (UTC)

Abuse of this Mechanism?
I remember when I was in school we once did this "trick," where you stood against a wall and held your breath, then someone applied pressure to your chest and would then suddenly stop pressing. Which made you fade. Does that work in the same way as the Valsalva maneuver?83.118.38.37 00:02, 3 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Pretty much! InvictaHOG 19:22, 6 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I am just curious. Does fade mean the same thing as faint here? I am unfamiliar with this usage. -- trlkly 10:32, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

 * See Fainting game. Can cause brain damage and even kill you... --TiagoTiago (talk) 04:36, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

only good in descent?
I'm removing the following unsourced text: It is important to note that the maneuver is only helpful during a descent, either in the air or water. During an ascent, the increasing pressure in the middle ear relative to the decreasing ambient pressure will generally escape through the Eustachian tubes without assistance. In any case, attempting to force additional air into an already over-pressurized middle ear is almost certainly a bad idea, and potentially dangerous. I'm not sure this is true. Even if the middle ear is overpressurized, it makes sense to me that the V maneuver, by opening the Eustachian tubes, might ultimately allow air to flow out of the middle ear after an initial further increase in pressure. My own experience and some Googling seems to support this. (Most websites refer to the V maneuver as a way to equalize pressure in general, and don't say it's only for cases where pressure is too low.) --Allen 04:12, 19 May 2007 (UTC)

This was added back without citations. I'm removing it again. I'm a certified diver and have never heard this warning --sc  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 136.183.177.6 (talk) 19:08, 12 June 2014 (UTC)

Certified PADI divemaster here, i can confirm that the manoeuver is mainly used during descent but can be and is definitely used during ascent too - especially if accompanied by hyperextending the neck towards the back and/or wiggling the head to one side and the other while doing so - to ease the exit of air from the middle ear. Since this latter use during ascent requires more care to avoid damaging the inner ear the procedure is rarely recommended for beginner divers, that usually perform shallower and shorter dives. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 5.99.125.86 (talk) 22:37, 14 October 2015 (UTC)

Removed Psychiatic applications
I removed the following because it seemed completely nonsensical

 *  == Psychiatric applications ==

 * Factitious disorders: multiple cases of factitious pheochromocytoma by way of conscious altering of autonomic function with Valsalva maneuver.

-- trlkly 10:48, 29 July 2007 (UTC)

Exhaling Against Closed Lips Not The Only Method
When performing the Valsalva maneuver, neither I nor other fliers I know do it against closed lips. Everyone I know does it by closing off the back of the mouth with the tongue. This is less fatiguing if you have to do it many times, gives more direct pressure, and also doesn't look goofy. Shawn D. (talk) 16:32, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

Other Warnings for Self-Treatment via Valsalva Manuever
Chrishibbard7 (talk) 18:39, 6 January 2009 (UTC) There are caveats to self-treatment via Valsalva maneuver: it does increase blood leakage between the two upper chambers of the heart for anyone with a PFO, currently estimated as 10-30% of healthy humans alive today. I was told to use this method during a PFO test to increase surgically aerated blood between chambers in order to determine the size of the inter-chamber opening. I was warned by the tech performing the test not to purposely execute this maneuver again and also warned not to 'strain too hard' during BM for the same reason.

Also, moving the jaw forward and down or simply downward in order to open eaustacian tubes to relieve ear pressure can contribute to TMJ syndrome (pain in the TurboMandibular Joints).

No references
While this article is well-composed, it has no sources or references.Wuapinmon (talk) 22:46, 10 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Who cares?

Opening those tubes
Am I the only person who needs not yawn or swallow, but can simply conciously open those tubes? to 'click one's ears' ... I've been able to since I was little. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.73.70.113 (talk) 02:38, 5 April 2009 (UTC)

When defecating
I see no mention in the article of this applied in relation to defecation, i.e. to assist or trigger bowel movement. Reading the topmost post on this page I gather that the article in a previous state has discussed this. So why doesn't it anymore? __meco (talk) 15:25, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

 * It is mentioned briefly in the  Valsalva retinopathy section, but the early sentence "It is also often used to aid in the expulsion of feces from the rectum during a bowel movement" was removed as "redundant" by this edit in February 2006. It was unsourced, so liable to be removed. I would suggest finding a reliable source that describes this application and use it to expand the article. --RexxS (talk) 18:10, 30 May 2010 (UTC)
 * According to Barry B. White, the main causes of Valsalva Maneuver are: 1. Straining at stool due to constipation. 2. Straining to urinate. 3. Straining to raise up in bed or to get in or out of bed... See Barry B. White, Therapy in Acute Coronary Care (1971), p.65. According to Sharon Mantik Lewis, Margaret McLean Heitkemper and Shannon Ruff Dirksen, “Valsalva maneuver … occurs during straining to pass a hardened stool.” “If defecation is suppressed over long periods, problems can occur, such as constipation or stool impaction. Defecation can be facilitated by the Valsalva maneuver. This maneuver involves contraction of the chest muscles on a closed glottis with simultaneous contraction of the abdominal muscles.” See Sharon Mantik Lewis, Margaret McLean Heitkemper, Shannon Ruff Dirksen, eds., Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems, 6th edition, Volume 2 (2004), p.951. Gladys Nite and Frank Neal Willis write that it has been pointed out “that the danger of a Valsalva maneuver is increased by constipation.” See Gladys Nite and Frank Neal Willis, The Coronary Patient: Hospital Care and Rehabilitation (1964), p.164. Onefortyone (talk) 00:49, 3 June 2010 (UTC)

Valsalva Maneuver And Weightlifting
The Valsalva Maneuver (modified version against a closed glottis) is frequently used in weightlifting to stabilize the core during exercises such as the Squat, Deadlift, and Bench Press. How can we best incorporate this into the article. It seems like an extraneous use of the Maneuver, since it doesn't rely on any of the four physiological responses currently in the article.

Greggor88 (talk) 00:36, 19 June 2012 (UTC)

 * I agree that the modified maneuver (against a closed glottis) is used in those three exercises of powerlifting, and would add it is also used in both lifts of Olympic weightlifting. I suspect it is also used in other sports, such as discus throwing. Perhaps the groan of (particularly female) tennis players indicates they do this too. --SpecMade (talk) 17:22, 3 October 2013 (UTC)

 * I agree that it should be included. It would be very arguable that this is actually the most common (and natural) instance of the Valsalva manuever. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 152.19.172.74 (talk) 21:56, 4 March 2014 (UTC)

 * Added a section on weightlifting. -- Dandv  03:59, 9 June 2015 (UTC)

No mention of Vagus Nerve Stimulation?
I believe that performing the valsalva maneuver causes the stimulation of the Vagus nerve. If so, shouldn't there be at least a mention of (if not a section about) the Vagus nerve? (talk · contribs · email) Maestroso simplo (talk) 04:01, 10 February 2015 (UTC)

Two - two - two things in one?
Not that there isn't one to be found but so far I can’t find a reliable source that states that the Valsalva maneuver is both closing the glottis and is also closing the nose and mouth. One is used to raise blood pressure in the body and the other is to clear the ears. Are both actually “the Valsalva maneuver” or has one been confused with the other? Unconventional2 (talk) 18:35, 14 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Closing the nose and mouth and exhaling will cause the responses described in the Physiological response section. It will also increase air pressure in the Eustachian tubes and thence the middle ear, which clears the ears. The maneuver as originally described by Antonio Valsalva in 1704 was performed against a closed glottis, which only elicits the increase in intrathoracic and intra-abdominal pressure. Both are described as the Valsalva maneuver, but only the variant which pressurises the nasopharynx is useful in scuba diving. Presumably the minor difference in techniques has historically been viewed as not significant enough for a different name to be needed. The abstract or the full text (available as a PDF at http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/xmlui/bitstream/handle/123456789/6264/SPUMS_V26N1_3.pdf ) provide a concise but comprehensive overview of the Valsalva maneuver.
 * The article by Taylor (1996) is already cited in this article and reading it would have answered your question and also provided the verification for several of the citation needed notices that you added to the lead. Gibran et al (2007) - current ref no 17 - examines the problem of Valsalva retinopathy which accounts for another of your requests. There is a convention in Wikipedia that the lead summarises the body of the article, and therefore doesn't normally need to repeat the citations already used to verify the corresponding content in the body. This is documented at WP:LEADCITE, although there is no prohibition against placing citations in the lead. You could, of course, have repeated the relevant citations yourself. --RexxS (talk) 20:21, 14 March 2016 (UTC)
 * The article by Taylor (1996) is already cited in this article and reading it would have answered your question and also provided the verification for several of the citation needed notices that you added to the lead. Gibran et al (2007) - current ref no 17 - examines the problem of Valsalva retinopathy which accounts for another of your requests. There is a convention in Wikipedia that the lead summarises the body of the article, and therefore doesn't normally need to repeat the citations already used to verify the corresponding content in the body. This is documented at WP:LEADCITE, although there is no prohibition against placing citations in the lead. You could, of course, have repeated the relevant citations yourself. --RexxS (talk) 20:21, 14 March 2016 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the info and the links! My concern is that these appear to me to be two different but related things like coughing and sneezing, laughing and crying, or chewing gum and eating. Clearing your ears and holding your breath and bearing down may both colloquially be referred to as the Valsalva maneuver, but I question what the original “official” definition was and if it hasn't just been confused over time or if it was originally used for both. None of the things I have seen so far address this they seem to just start from the assumption that both are a Valsalva maneuver and move on from there. Maybe we are passed the point that we can ever know for sure if one is the truer meaning than the other, or if both have always been known by the same name. Unconventional2 (talk) 20:29, 18 March 2016 (UTC)

 * This might be useful in sorting this out http://www.ijporlonline.com/article/S0165-5876%2815%2900415-2/fulltext "Conclusions: Two questions remain: 1. What should be done with the eponymous appellation of the manoeuvre with closed mouth and nostrils? Certainly to keep it, even if Valsalva was not the first to clearly describe it. 2. What to do with the eponymous appellation of the manoeuvre with a closed glottis? It would be ideal to change it, as it is misnamed, confusing, and only recently formulated." Unconventional2 (talk) 14:52, 21 March 2016 (UTC)

Reference to "Ganong" in "Heart" section
The section presently concludes with the following paragraph: BP rises at onset of straining-because the increased intrathoracic pressure (ITP) is added to the pressure in the aorta. It then falls because the ITP compresses the veins, decreasing the venous return and cardiac output. This inhibits the baroreceptors causing tachycardia and a rise in peripheral vascular resistance (PVR). When the glottis is opened and the ITP returns to normal, cardiac output is restored but the peripheral vessels are constricted. The blood pressure therefore rises above normal and this stimulated the baroreceptors, causing bradycardia and a drop in BP to normal level - Ganong I've added a tag behind the unexplained word "Ganong". If you hover over that, you'll see my reason pop up. Perhaps there's a form of that template that lets one state a reason more simply, not needing the work-around I've used here, viz., replacing space by underscores? For all I know, the present text could be an extended quotation without proper attribution. Whatever the case, we can do better.

Anyway, I'd never encountered "Ganong" before, and a quick Google turned up "Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology", a textbook now in its 25th edition (2015), originally written by William Francis Ganong Jr. So, after editing the stub-class article on the author, I've now returned here. Can somebody with access to (a reasonably current edition of) "Ganong", or some other reliable source, improve this para of the article, with citation? yoyo (talk) 03:26, 23 July 2018 (UTC)

Anger management
Would this technique benefit anger management 49.224.196.120 (talk) 04:34, 17 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Valsalva maneuver


text:
User talk:Pokipsy76

Welcome
Hello, Pokipsy76! Welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) will produce your name and the current date. You should always sign talk pages, but not articles. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! Ann Heneghan (talk) 16:58, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
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9/11 conspiracy theory intro
Pokipsy, the consensus was against you on this one. Plus you are getting dangerously close to vioalating the The three revert rule.--DCAnderson 20:36, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

 * The objections were only yours and that of bill. Bill completely misunderstood my edit ("You just wanted to show that some people disagree with the mainstream criticism of the conspiracy" he said) I explained he was wrong and he didn't object my explanation. Moreover your objection was just a sort of "preference" (you liked it best before, you find the addition is not "needed"), it is not a substantial objection. It is very little to say that "the consensus is against me". However thank you for making me notice the The three revert rule.--Pokipsy76 20:50, 4 May 2006 (UTC)
 * From looking at the history of people who reverted it, Tom Harrison was against it too. And nobody seemed to have supported it, except you.--DCAnderson 20:57, 4 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Tom Harrison didn't give any motivation for his revert, it was pure vandalism.--Pokipsy76 21:00, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

I see someone has already mentioned the three-revert rule. Please try to build a consensus for your changes on the talk page. Tom Harrison Talk 21:20, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Please never write again in my discussion page.--Pokipsy76 21:32, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Please don't be a dick. Also, what language is "a little number of journalists" in?  Whether or not it was "a deliberate attempt to reduce the quality of the encyclopedia", it succeeded in doing so. -- Jibal 11:33, 11 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Do "a small number" work better?--Pokipsy76 08:33, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism
Welcome to Wikipedia. We invite everyone to contribute constructively to our encyclopedia. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing. However, unconstructive edits, such as those you made to 9/11 conspiracy theories, are considered vandalism. If you continue in this manner you may be blocked from editing without further warning. Please stop, and consider improving rather than damaging the hard work of others. Thanks. --DCAnderson 21:39, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

Please don't write in my tak page again. Thank you.--Pokipsy76 21:40, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

Nevermind trying to defend the skeptic POV, just defending an NPOV is impossible at this point. Check the talk pages at Collapse of the World Trade Center and also the Sept 11 attacks. Completely innoquous but relevant and verifiable facts will not be tolerated if they might bring into question any aspects of the official version. And as demonstrated above, harrasment and intimidation are not unheard of either. By the way DC is a new editor(provided he's not a sock). This is very interesting too SkeenaR 22:39, 4 May 2006 (UTC)
 * i'm pretty sure I'm not a sock. But that link is pretty interesting though. It all makes sense now! The Secret Masters of Wikipedia are out to get you! BWAHAHAHAHA!!! --DCAnderson 23:25, 4 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry about that last comment, it was immature.

Anyway, the edit you made immediately after Tom finnaly removed your edit can be construed as vandalism in retaliation for Tom's edit. (The one where you inserted the word "little.") The Wikipedia policy towards handling vandalism is that I add the above template to your page. I can assure you we are not trying to gang up on you, or unfairly push a POV, but your edit to the page was unpopular, and you failed to accept that.

The section addressed "to Bill" was pretty much a straightforward personal attack. I admit that many of us acted pretty smarmy to you after that point, and I am sorry, but you had pretty much dragged the whole discussion down at that point.--DCAnderson 23:55, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

One of the interesting things about the link, DC and Pokipsy, are the news articles that are linked to within. I could care less what kind of opinions DC holds or how much of a joke him or any of the other guys thinks it is. It should get an NPOV article, very much unlike what is happening right now. It so happens that at least Mongo has pointed out that this is not benign subject matter, it involves an act of stupendous violence that cost thousands of lives. I would add that decisions made based on our understanding of these events determines the fate of nations and millions of lives. So laugh it up DC. SkeenaR 00:01, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

I'm also going to point out that calling such minor edits as that vandalism is really really stretching it. Putting that warning sign up on this page is way overkill. I'm just going to suggest getting a little more practice at this before acting like a big tough administrator and doing a wholesale POV article rewrite of a controversial subject. SkeenaR 00:09, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

How I really feel about Conspiracy Theories

 * Millions of lives do depend on this. As a result of Conspiracy Theories, a wave of violent Anti-Semitism has risen in the Middle East.
 * Throughout much of the world, Conspiracy Theories are being used to justify anti-Americanism. (not all of it is undeserved, but it shouldn't be further fueled by mere speculation.)
 * Conspiracism doesn't help solve any of the world's problems, it's only used to "dumb-down" the issues. Remember, all the world's problems can easily be blamed on who you personally don't like: The Jews, The Right Wingers, The Left Wingers. No sense in actually trying to understand the issue.
 * You happen to not like the Bush administration? Well rather than address the real things that they have really done wrong, go accuse them of being part of "a conspiracy." Don't attack them for what they have done, attack them for what they "could potentially have done." Yah, that will really help your case.
 * If you want to see an example of how much damage an unfounded Conspiracy Theory can do, check out the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. It is a well known hoax that was used to justify the Holocaust.
 * So no, I don't think Conspiracy Theories are that much of a joking matter.--DCAnderson 00:20, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

We agree on some of it anyway. I have said it before though, and I'll say it again, it isn't wise to dismiss out of hand and ridicule. I'm not saying that these theories are true, but they should have an NPOV spot. I'm not saying that this is the case, but here is an example of what I mean Gulf of Tonkin Incident. And now we are seeing things like. Read that. Live up to your claim of skepticism and don't be too credulous. SkeenaR 00:39, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

Please stop
From Skeena's talk page, "Aren't your defense of vandals, unmotivated cuts to the article and your total unability do make a democratic discussion (I can't find one in the talk page) a form of incivilty and edit warring?" . If you think that's the case, take it to dispute resolution. Inform yourself about what constitutes vandalism. Your persistent incivility and accusations of vandalism are becoming disruptive, and you've been here long enough to know better. If you ever again in any way suggest that I have vandalized the article, or that I am editing in bad faith, I will ask for a review of your conduct and appropriate action from an uninvolved administrator. Tom Harrison Talk 14:17, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

 * ROTFL!--Pokipsy76 15:52, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

Thanks. Tom Harrison Talk 15:37, 6 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Wow, that's pretty slick.--DCAnderson 17:26, 6 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry but in the second part of i made no mistakes, I really wanted to speak about you, Tom.--Pokipsy76 08:40, 7 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Don't worry about it. 9/11 is a difficult subject. Best regards, Tom Harrison Talk 12:41, 7 May 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism
When you revert my edit,, you restore the embedded links which I have tried to eliminate in order to use footnotes as I did in the rest of the article. This is vandalism and I asked people to not do this on the talk page. Next time, you'll be blocked for vandalism, plain and simple.--MONGO 20:25, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

 * This is Vandalism according to which policy?--Pokipsy76 23:19, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

--Striver 10:14, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Hi
Take a look at this --Striver 10:14, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Blocked
Your POV pushing days are numbered as far as the 9/11 articles are concerned. You routinely revert for no reason except to push your nonsense. I have blocked you from editing for 48 hours.--MONGO 18:11, 18 June 2006 (UTC)

 * You are the POV pusher here, MONGO. You are clearly biased and it's not fair to block someone that is opposing to your POV pushing just because you have the "power" to do it.--Pokipsy76 18:16, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Yeah, right. I support the known evidence and the correct information as presented by the reputable media sources. You revert me everytime I edit and the conspiracy theory cruft in the 9/11 articles is about to come to an end. Your editing days are numbered if you continue to push nonsense in our articles.--MONGO 18:23, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Do you know that:
 * Use of blocks to gain an advantage in a content dispute is strictly prohibited. That is, sysops must not block editors with whom they are currently engaged in a content dispute.?
 * That's exactly what hou did. I'll take this violation to the attention of the other admins.--Pokipsy76 18:26, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I encourage that...You're not alone, as I and others intend to start blocking POV pushers of nonsense in earnest.--MONGO 18:31, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * So please tell me how to do it given the edit block.--Pokipsy76 18:32, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Post here and explain to the admin coming in why you think you should be unblocked. If unblocked and you revert me one more time, I'm going to block you for a week.--MONGO 18:37, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * But why should an admin come in if I can't write in the admins' page?--Pokipsy76 19:02, 18 June 2006 (UTC)

unblock|I think it's quite clear that user MONGO is blocking me to gain an advantage in a content dispute (see below for details) and in fact the reasons he gave for my blocking are inconsistent The content dispute I'm referring to in the template above is.

Having failed to gain consensus on the talk page, you are now trying to force the language you prefer by reverting. If Mongo hadn't blocked you first, I or another would have. The block is appropriate. Tom Harrison Talk 19:23, 18 June 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Can you please show me where did I "failed to gain consensus" and where did MONGO gain consensus on the talk page on this matter?
 * 2) Please note that I was defending the old version of the article while MONGO was trying to change it, so he did need the consensus, not me.
 * 3) Aren't you and MONGO "trying to force the language you prefer by reverting"?
 * 4) "Sysops must not block editors with whom they are currently engaged in a content dispute", did you know?--Pokipsy76 07:31, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

Since your block has expired, I unprotected your page. You will want to leave all the blocking discussion above intact since you are still actively debating it elsewhere. NoSeptember 09:11, 21 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you very much.--Pokipsy76 09:19, 21 June 2006 (UTC)

Response
Please see me response to your request for info on RfC procedures. --CBD 16:19, 25 June 2006 (UTC)

blocked
I have blocked you for 15 minutes for perpetuating a forest fire on User talk:Gmaxwell. If you must engage in flame wars, have the courtesy not to conduct them on someone else's talk page. Kelly Martin (talk) 19:33, 25 June 2006 (UTC)
 * 1)I was just defending myself from other peoples' false accusations,
 * 2)I didn't personally attack anybody so where is the "flame war"?
 * --Pokipsy76 20:29, 25 June 2006 (UTC)

greetings
hi there, i was just testing my theory that any random perusal of wikipedia government pages would yield proof that wikipedia has become abusive. Wow. You have a perfectly simple case, and, I'd be interested in helping you to confront the people who are quite apparently abusing you.

Let me know how you feel about this. Prometheuspan 02:13, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

From my talk page
Can you please provide some examples these edits that you consider to be disruptive? I just need to understand.--Pokipsy76 13:35, 3 July 2006 (UTC)
 * I think there are more than enough examples on the RFC page. Inserting poorly-sourced material, giving undue weight to minority points of view, and edit warring can constitute disruption. Stifle (talk) 13:41, 3 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you for you reply but I must do some objections:
 * I have almost never "inserted material" of any kind (assuming that this is enought for a block), the fact that you say this make me think that you have not read carefully the RfC and the talk page.
 * I hope having different opinion about the "due weight" of the subjects is not between the possible reasons for a block.
 * In what you call "edit war" I did nothing different from what MONGO, tom harrison and other editors did. Are you suggesting that they deserved a block too? It seems to me that here many people have a double standard.
 * --Pokipsy76 13:53, 3 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your reply. Please see Blocking policy for full information on what actions may lead to an editor being blocked from editing Wikipedia. If you feel that other editors should be blocked for disruption, please report it on the administrators' noticeboard. Stifle (talk) 14:21, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

9/11 Conspiracy Theory article
Hello. I noticed that you recently reverted my edit to that article today. Let me remind you that primarily my revert was to deal with an attributed quote having been changed, something which is not academically acceptable. The other two entries I don't mind, since it is a conspiracy theory page, but please, before you go reverting controversial subjects, please look at the content of the edit that you're reverting. Thank you. --Kuzaar-T-C- 14:09, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

 * My revert was not related to the attributed quote but to other things removed.--Pokipsy76 16:56, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Question about how things look
On this change you indicated that the Table of Contents hid the text.

This is interesting to me. I am curious exactly how it looked. (On my machine it looked fine -- but I know sometimes things can go wrong.) Could you describe the problem and how it looked to you? What web-browser do you use? Thanks. --Blue Tie 13:52, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I am using internet explorer 6. I think you could realize how it looked by increasing your font size on the browser. I do not experience the problem if I switch to a very small font size.--Pokipsy76 07:34, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

Re:Unfair behavior of an editor
This may be one of the few times we agree. I just wanted to let you know I think your edits were in good faith, and that some of us may be a bit trigger happy when it comes to deletion of things from the 9/11 article. You should probably have pointed out the section you created to talk about it in your opening complaint, but other than that, I am greatful you took it to the talk page instead of simply starting an edit war. Thank you. --Tarage 02:09, 1 October 2007 (UTC)
 * :) --Pokipsy76 08:11, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

Comments
Reading through our discussion someone could come to the conclusion that your statement "conspiracy theories is what they are -> we can use that name" to imply you mean the same thing in regards to your analogy above. I'm incapable of using the word you used on the page so I can't be more specific. I knew what you meant but I thought you might want to read through the whole discussion again. If it says what you want it to say, fine, I'll remove my comment. Just a friendly heads up. --PTR (talk) 18:02, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

Norman Mineta
Dear Pokipsy76,

I would welcome any improvements you could make to my proposal at Talk:9/11 ! — Xiutwel ♫☺♥♪ (speech has the power to bind the absolute) 06:52, 27 February 2008 (UTC)

Arbitration
I have named you as an involved party at Requests for arbitration. Ice Cold Beer (talk) 22:20, 17 March 2008 (UTC)

Requests for arbitration/September 11 conspiracy theories
An Arbitration case involving you has been opened, and is located here. Please add any evidence you may wish the Arbitrators to consider to the evidence sub-page, Requests for arbitration/September 11 conspiracy theories/Evidence. Please submit your evidence within one week, if possible. You may also contribute to the case on the workshop sub-page.

For the Arbitration Committee, AGK § 19:27, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

Requests for arbitration/September 11 conspiracy theories
This arbitration case has been closed and the final decision is available at the link above. Further to this, any uninvolved administrator may, on his or her own discretion, "impose sanctions on any editor working in the area of conflict (defined as articles which relate to the events of September 11, broadly interpreted) if, despite being warned, that editor repeatedly or seriously fails to adhere to the purpose of Wikipedia, any expected standards of behavior, or any normal editorial process." The full remedy is located here.

For the Arbitration Committee, Anthøny  15:52, 8 April 2008 (UTC)

Please consider taking the AGF Challenge
I would like to invite you to consider taking part in the AGF Challenge which has been proposed for use in the RfA process by User: Kim Bruning. You can answer in multiple choice format, or using essay answers, or anonymously. You can of course skip any parts of the Challenge you find objectionable or inadvisable.--Filll (talk) 14:16, 13 April 2008 (UTC)

thanks
thanks for your comments on my user page and in the ANI the past few days. (travb)Inclusionist (talk) 03:02, 19 April 2008 (UTC)

Arbitration enforcement
See. Jehochman Talk 12:26, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

Topic ban
Following the evidence presented at the Arbitration Enforcement noticeboard, and in particular this edit, you are banned from editing any article related to the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States, broadly construed, for a period of two months. This action has been logged on the case page here. Raymond Arritt (talk) 20:54, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

 * You are not following the arbcom rules, the arbitration remedy states:
 * "...if, despite being warned, that editor repeatedly or seriously fails to adhere to the purpose of Wikipedia, any expected standards of behavior, or any normal editorial process...Prior to any sanctions being imposed, the editor in question shall be given a warning with a link to this decision; and, where appropriate, should be counseled on specific steps that he or she can take to improve his or her editing in accordance with relevant policies and guidelines. Editors wishing to edit in these areas are advised to...amend behaviors that are deemed to be of concern by administrators"
 * Where are your warnings?
 * To speak about a WP:BLP violation is a dishonest way to describe the events: I just asked to discuss a substantial change from an estabilished version of the article (the alleged and still unproven "BLP violation" has been part of the article for months without no discussion). I hardly see how this could be wrong or result in a sanction. Please explain.
 * Whether the text which allegedly should be the ground for my WP:BLP violation is actually a BLP violation is a matter of discussion here: why do you think you have the authority to decide it yourself?
 * Actually all the links to my edit you are providing (this and this) to justify your action only show me reverting unilateral attempts to make substantial changes without consensus and without discussion, can you explain what's the problem about this kind of behaviour?
 * If you sincerely think that the kind of behaviour described above deserve a ban I can show you thousands of diffs showing the same behaviour by all the members of the group of editors who is now asking to ban me and other people not sharing their POV (Jehochman, Okiefromokla, Ice Cold Beer, Rx StrangeLove, Okiefromokla 2, Rx StrangeLove 2, Haemo 1, Haemo 2 ). Will you ban them too?
 * Can you be really sure you are deciding to sanction without any bias? Actually you seem to have some kind of friendship with the user requesting the ban: you use to call him "Johnatan" and he refers to you as "my esteemed collegue". Even if I'm going to assume good faith I think that a honest admin shouldn't take decision to give sanctions when he has any kind of friendship or reciprocal esteem with the person involved in the disputes, in particular when the sanctions are so strong, the motivations are so weak, unclear and disputable and there have been no prior warnings (in violation of the arbcom rules).--Pokipsy76 (talk) 07:00, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

Blocked: 55 hours for violating your topic ban with this edit to Talk:Controlled demolition hypothesis for the collapse of the World Trade Center. In addition, that comment was very combative and assumed bad faith of Jehochman, please don't repeat such behavior. east. 718 at 07:37, April 22, 2008
 * I've never been topic banned before and I honestly though that the ban was something automatic, not something I could decide to violate. You are punishing my ignorance.
 * Well it seems that people are allowed to assume bad faith on me (defining me as a "long time source of POV pushing") and I must assume good faith on them (while being insulted and punished for having asked to seek consensus before making changes), isn't it pretending a little too much????
 * People try to make me ban accusing me to be a "POV pusher" and I shouldn't be "combative"???--Pokipsy76 (talk) 07:41, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Please read WP:BAN. That should help clear up any questions you have about bans. Ice Cold Beer (talk) 07:44, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Thank you, your interest to my problems makes me feel very protected.--Pokipsy76 (talk) 07:46, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your work on here. This is what they do, nonsensical bans on people to block the information they don't want out there and to keep the labels attached to people they need to try to discredit.  They will hound you if you make a difference and on here, they have free reign to do so.  Several of the public bashings we've seen of wikipedia expose what it works to achieve -- control of the information that matters for the most powerful.  Your work exposes the absurdities, even if you cannot move forward at times.  This is the deepest swamp you can wade into, but some of us have to.  152.131.10.133 (talk) 18:24, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

 * The ArbCom ruled that editors who fail to adhere to policy can be banned. I do not see how Pokipsy could ha ve violated any policy, except unknowingly. I know him as a gentle editor, and this is not called for. — Xiutwel ♫☺♥♪ (speech has the power to bind the absolute) 17:45, 28 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Well actually in the arbcom's remedy says:
 * "Edit-warring, whether by reversion or otherwise, is prohibited, this is so even when the disputed content is clearly problematic, with only a few exceptions" (i.e. WP:BLP)
 * and I reverted. Yes, I was not alone but I did it.
 * Also one of my revert was about an alleged BLP violation, and the arbcom states that BLP violations are an exception when "reverts" are allowed. WP:BLP is important and I did wrong also because I was unfamiliar with this policy. However thank you for your support.--Pokipsy76 (talk) 17:59, 28 April 2008 (UTC)

Appeal rejection
I'm not thrilled with the process, but here's how it ended. --Thomas Basboll (talk) 06:04, 15 May 2008 (UTC)
 * If you will not ask a review on WP:ANI then I will.--Pokipsy76 (talk) 14:32, 15 May 2008 (UTC)

Process
Hi Pokipsy76. As the admin who set your topic ban I think I should comment here. You are well within your rights to appeal administrative actions, but at some point numerous appeals cross the line to forum shopping or abuse of process. I think you are treading dangerously close to that line. Please take some time to consider whether you really are helping your cause by doing so. Thanks - Raymond Arritt (talk) 16:49, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

 * I would hope there are rules about when and how users can appeal and about how and when they can be punished for "forum shopping" or "abuse". So far I have just followed the instruction which were given to me by other administrator. If you know about rules you think I'm about to violate please direct me to these rules.--Pokipsy76 (talk) 17:44, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

 * There are no hard and fast rules on this. See WP:BURO. Just offering my perspective. Again, please consider whether you really are helping your case, because excessive process and rules-mongering often alienates people. Raymond Arritt (talk) 18:00, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Could you please be more specific about what you think I could be doing wrong? Which edit by me could be though to be an "abuse" and why?--Pokipsy76 (talk) 18:06, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Please count the number of appeals, posts to noticeboards, and posts to admin talk pages that you have made on this topic, whether on your own case or on behalf of others. As said before it's just some advice. If you're absolutely certain that you're doing the right thing then carry on. Raymond Arritt (talk) 18:39, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Is it my fault if when I first posted to the noticeboard people archieved it claiming that it was not the right place and when Thomas requested appeal to the arbcom the arbcom said that it was to be asked in the noticeboard?
 * What is special about this "topic" so that people can only have a very limited number of post about it?--Pokipsy76 (talk) 19:01, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

n > 3, n = Number Of Dimensions

 * I still do not understand. Is it because my brain is to tiny?  Why can't I understand?68.148.164.166 (talk) 10:17, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

New message
In the above message, I documented the abuse I thought I saw of you for challenging an admin. I reviewed your talk page because I thought you had very good things to say on the Attack on Pearl Harbor site. Please see my response to that in the discussion page there and the dialogue that continued, assuming you still care about that. I think those guys were a bit hard on you...--David Tornheim (talk) 21:18, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Thank you for interesting to my past problems. I think the events you are referring to do not deserve attention in their specificity but as a general problem of wikipedia (one of many problems with this encyclopedia "that anyone (not disagreeing with who has the power) can edit").--Pokipsy76 (talk) 16:14, 27 July 2008 (UTC)

You're an interesting person.
What part of the world do you live in, and what is your native language? Wowest (talk) 07:14, 3 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Uhm, you make me suppose that my english is very bad :|... actually I'm italian (my user page has also a link to my italian user page). By the way thank you for considering me "interesting" :)--pokipsy76 (talk) 11:38, 5 December 2008 (UTC)

Silvio Berlusconi
Hi, I see you have already contributed in this page, can you give your opinion about this discussion? Thanks. 79.18.16.7 (talk) 10:06, 1 February 2009 (UTC)

POV campaign by an anonimous user
Hi, I think the best thing to do is to report it at Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents or Long term abuse. Keep me informed if you do so. I will add my bit. - Mafia Expert (talk) 11:59, 14 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Ciao e scusa per l'"intrusione". Sono Nevermindfc, registrato su it.wiki ma non qui. Ho notato anche io le modifiche su Silvio Berlusconi (alcune le ho annullate), e ho visto che tra gli ip ce n'è uno che ha fatto queste modifiche sulla pagina dei Procedimenti giudiziari riguardanti Berlusconi. La stessa identica modifica era il cavallo di battaglia di un utente che ha avuto un blocco infinito e che ha più volte tentato di continuare la sua "crociata", sia da anonimo che registrandosi con nomi utente diversi. Non vorrei che si tratti della stessa persona, che magari sta cercando di fare qui quello che gli è stato impedito di fare in it.wiki. --Nevermindfc 12:59, 14 February 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.43.153.107 (talk)

covariance
Should we not, in the formula's, write Cov in stead of cov as is done in Covariance ? — Xiutwel ♥ (msg) 14:18, 19 March 2009 (UTC)
 * here

 * Yes we should :) --pokipsy76 (talk) 21:35, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

FPP
Hi- Thanks for your contributions to Fixed point (mathematics). I've copied some of them over to fixed point property, which you'll probably be interested in. Staecker (talk) 22:48, 30 March 2009 (UTC)

Review needed of Wikipedia talk:Requests for arbitration/September_11_conspiracy theories?
See: Proportion of 9/11 defenders restricted compared to 9/11 conspiracy theorists

Although I do not support the views of 9/11 conspiracy theorists, and will not lead a review of this arbitration, I think that a review maybe warranted, and I am floating the idea, with all parties who may have been unfairly censored. Ikip (talk) 14:12, 11 April 2009 (UTC)

Hi
Hi, just a line to say that I have added another small hint to your last question about measure preserving diffeo. Hope it may be useful --pm a 10:26, 13 March 2010 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Pokipsy76


text:
Fimbul Ice Shelf

The Fimbul Ice Shelf is an Antarctic ice shelf about 200 km long and 100 km wide, nourished by Jutulstraumen Glacier, bordering the coast of Queen Maud Land from 3°W to 3°E. It was photographed from the air by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938–1939), mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Norwegian–British–Swedish Antarctic Expedition (1949–1952) and from air photos by the Norwegian expedition (1958–1959) and named Fimbulisen (the giant ice).

title: Fimbul Ice Shelf


text:
1993 CFL season

The 1993 CFL season is considered to be the 40th season in modern-day Canadian football, although it is officially the 36th Canadian Football League season.

CFL news in 1993
On February 23, the Sacramento Gold Miners were announced as the CFL's ninth franchise, during the league's annual meetings in Hamilton. The team began play in 1993 at Hornet Stadium in Sacramento, California. They joined the West Division. Sacramento became the first U.S.-based team to play in the CFL, and it was the first expansion team to be admitted into the league since 1954, when the B.C. Lions became a franchise. A potential expansion team to San Antonio, Texas (the San Antonio Riders, formerly of the then-suspended WLAF, to play as the San Antonio Texans) was put on hold for the 1993 season after the team folded instead.

On March 6, The Canadian College Draft was held in Calgary at the Jubilee Auditorium, becoming the first Western Canadian city to host the event since Winnipeg in 1971. Calgary also played host to the Grey Cup game for only the second time in history on Sunday, November 28. In that game, the Edmonton Eskimos defeated the Winnipeg Blue Bombers, 33–23 before a crowd of 50,035.

Records: Dave Ridgway set the CFL record for consecutive field goals made with 28.

This season was rare in CFL history in that no single player gained 1,000 yards rushing. Winnipeg's Michael Richardson led the league with 925 yards.

Regular season standings
Note: GP = Games Played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, PF = Points For, PA = Points Against, Pts = Points

 * Bold text means that they have clinched the playoffs.
 * Winnipeg gets a first round bye.

Grey Cup playoffs
The Edmonton Eskimos are the 1993 Grey Cup champions, defeating the Winnipeg Blue Bombers 33–23, at Calgary's McMahon Stadium. The Eskimos' Damon Allen (QB) was named the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Player and Sean Fleming (K/P) was the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Canadian.

CFL Leaders

 * CFL Passing Leaders
 * CFL Rushing Leaders
 * CFL Receiving Leaders

Offence

 * QB – Doug Flutie, Calgary Stampeders
 * FB – Sean Millington, BC Lions
 * RB – Mike Richardson, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * SB – Ray Elgaard, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * SB – Dave Sapunjis, Calgary Stampeders
 * WR – David Williams, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * WR – Rod Harris, Sacramento Gold Miners
 * C – Rod Connop, Edmonton Eskimos
 * OG – David Black, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * OG – Rob Smith, BC Lions
 * OT – Bruce Covernton, Calgary Stampeders
 * OT – Chris Walby, Winnipeg Blue Bombers

Defence

 * DT – Jearld Baylis, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * DT – Harald Hasselbach, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Will Johnson, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Tim Cofield, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * LB – Elfrid Payton, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * LB – Willie Pless, Edmonton Eskimos
 * LB – John Motton, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * CB – Karl Anthony, Calgary Stampeders
 * CB – Barry Wilburn, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * DB – Don Wilson, Edmonton Eskimos
 * DB – Darryl Sampson, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DS – Glen Suitor, Saskatchewan Roughriders

Special teams

 * P – Bob Cameron, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * K – Dave Ridgway, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * ST – Henry "Gizmo" Williams, Edmonton Eskimos

Offence

 * QB – Matt Dunigan, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * FB – Chris Johnstone, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * RB – Mike Richardson Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * SB – Gerald Wilcox, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * SB – Jock Climie, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * WR – David Williams, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * WR – Stephen Jones, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * C – Dave Vankoughnett, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * OG – David Black, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * OG – Denny Chronopoulos, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * OT – Mike Graybill, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * OT – Chris Walby, Winnipeg Blue Bombers

Defence

 * DT – Lloyd Lewis, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DT – Stan Mikawos, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DE – John Kropke, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * DE – Tim Cofield, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * LB – Elfrid Payton, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * LB – Angelo Snipes, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * LB – John Motton, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * CB – Kim Phillips, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CB – Donald Smith, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DB – Bobby Evans, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DB – Darryl Sampson, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * S – Remi Trudel, Ottawa Rough Riders

Special teams

 * P – Bob Cameron, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * K – Troy Westwood, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * ST – Michael Clemons, Toronto Argonauts

Offence

 * QB – Doug Flutie, Calgary Stampeders
 * FB – Sean Millington, BC Lions
 * RB – Mike Oliphant, Sacramento Gold Miners
 * SB – Ray Elgaard, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * SB – Dave Sapunjis, Calgary Stampeders
 * WR – Don Narcisse, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * WR – Rod Harris, Sacramento Gold Miners
 * C – Rod Connop, Edmonton Eskimos
 * OG – Rocco Romano, Calgary Stampeders
 * OG – Rob Smith, BC Lions
 * OT – Bruce Covernton, Calgary Stampeders
 * OT – Jim Mills, BC Lions

Defence

 * DT – Jearld Baylis, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * DT – Harald Hasselbach, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Will Johnson, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Bennie Goods, Edmonton Eskimos
 * LB – Marvin Pope, Calgary Stampeders
 * LB – Willie Pless, Edmonton Eskimos
 * LB – O.J. Brigance, BC Lions
 * CB – Karl Anthony, Calgary Stampeders
 * CB – Barry Wilburn, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * DB – Don Wilson, Edmonton Eskimos
 * DB – Glenn Rogers, Edmonton Eskimos
 * DS – Glen Suitor, Saskatchewan Roughriders

Special teams

 * P – Glenn Harper, Edmonton Eskimos
 * K – Dave Ridgway, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * ST – Henry "Gizmo" Williams, Edmonton Eskimos

1993 CFL Awards

 * CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award – Doug Flutie (QB), Calgary Stampeders
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award – Dave Sapunjis (SB), Calgary Stampeders
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award – Jearld Baylis (DT), Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award – Chris Walby (OT), Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Rookie Award – Mike O'Shea (DT), Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * CFLPA's Outstanding Community Service Award – Mike "Pinball" Clemons (RB), Toronto Argonauts
 * CFL's Coach of the Year – Wally Buono, Calgary Stampeders
 * Commissioner's Award - Reg Wheeler, Hamilton Wildcats, help build the Canadian Football Hall of Fame.

title: 1993 CFL season


text:
User:Deryck Chan/s2

De ryc k C.  RfA

title: User:Deryck Chan/s2


text:
Aurora High School (Ontario)

Aurora High School is one of five high schools in Aurora, Ontario, and is one of two under the jurisdiction of the York Region District School Board. It serves students from Grades 9 to 12. Aurora High School has a strong French immersion program, and used to serve as the feeder school for many local French immersion public schools, however as of the 2019–2020 school year, the only French immersion elementary school is Lester B. Pearson PS in Aurora. This includes Aurora, Whitchurch-Stouffville, Oak Ridges, and King City

History
The original Aurora High School was built in 1888 on Wells Street. This building was rebuilt in 1923. Parts of this school building are incorporated into the Wells Street Lofts residential complex. The high school student population eventually outgrew the Wells Street building and a new high school was built on Dunning Avenue. This high school, which opened in 1961 and is still in operation in 2018, is called the Dr. G.W. Williams Secondary School. From 1961 to 1972 Dr. G. W. Williams Secondary School was the only high school in Aurora, Ontario. In 1972, the new Aurora High School opened at 155 Wellington Street West. It can accommodate a student population of approximately 1500 students. As of the 2017/2018 school year Aurora High School has required 4 portable classrooms to accommodate the influx of new students.

Sporting achievements
In 2005, The Senior Boys Cross Country Team won the gold medal in the OFSAA Championships. This capped an impressive career for the squad which included winning the YRAA gold medals three years running (2003–2005), the most decorated and successful single team in any sport in the recent history of the school.

In 2007, Kaitlyn Oliver won an OFSAA gold medal in cross country. In 2008, she also won an OFSAA gold medal in the 3000m and an OFSAA silver medal in cross country. Rob Denault won OFSAA gold medals in the 1500m in 2009, 2010, and 2011. Collectively, they both won numerous YRAA gold medals in both cross country and track throughout their four years at the school. In Fall 2015, Cameron Ormond was the OFSAA cross country Female Champion at the Midget level.

In 2009, 2010, and 2011, the Varsity Women's Ice Hockey team qualified for OFSAA.

Since 2007, the Varsity Alpine Ski and Snowboard Team has secured numerous York Region Championships and 12 OFSAA Gold Team Championships. In 2008, the Varsity Boys Snowboard Team won gold at OFSAA and in both the 2010 and 2011 season the Varsity Boys Level One Alpine Ski Team won gold at OFSAA. In 2010, the Varsity Girls and Boys Snowboard Team took bronze at OFSAA, and in 2012 the Varsity Boys Snowboard Team took silver. In 2015, the Varsity Alpine Boys' Snowboard Team and Varsity Alpine Girls' Ski Team achieved silver at OFSAA, and the Varsity Girls' Snowboard Team were OFSAA Champions. Before this, the last time that the Alpine Team won at OFSSA was in 2000, when the Level One Boys Alpine Ski Team took gold at OFSAA. Since 2016, another five OFSAA golds have been won by the Girls Ski Team and the Girls Snowboard Team.

Robotics
In 2012, the Robotics club won second place in the 2012 Robofest World championship in the Senior Exhibition division.

Music department
The school has a strong arts program, though most of the focus is on its music program. The music department has several ensembles. These include:

 * Student-led A Cappella
 * Grade Nine Concert Band
 * Grade Nine Jazz Band
 * Grade Ten Symphonic Band
 * Grade Ten Jazz Band
 * Grade Eleven Wind Ensemble
 * Grade Twelve Wind Symphony
 * Senior Winds
 * Senior Jazz Band
 * Sound and Stage Crew

In addition to these ensembles, the music department also has a Music Council, in which students and teachers plan for music-related events that the department has to offer, such as: Along with competitions, the music department travels with their students around the world to places like Washington, Cleveland, New York City, Rome, Florence, Venice, Salzburg, and Vienna every year
 * Halloween Social
 * Santa Under the Stars Parade
 * Winter Concerts
 * Movie/Game Night
 * Tie-Dye Night
 * Coffee House
 * Spring Concerts
 * Music Banquet

Notable former pupils

 * Christine Horne
 * Alistair Johnston

title: Aurora High School (Ontario)


text:
Maureen Mahoney

Maureen E. Mahoney (born August 28, 1954) is a former deputy solicitor general and an appellate lawyer at the law firm of Latham & Watkins in Washington, D.C., who has argued cases before the Supreme Court of the United States. Notably, she argued on behalf of the University of Michigan and its affirmative action program in Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), in which the Court decided in favor of Michigan by a 5–4 vote.

Early life and education
Mahoney was born in South Bend, Indiana, while her father Martin was attending the University of Notre Dame Law School. The family moved to Merrillville, Indiana in 1961, when she was in first grade. Mahoney announced at age eight that she wanted to be a lawyer just like her father, who was a personal injury attorney.

In 1972, Mahoney graduated from Merrillville High School, where she was on the school's swim team. Mahoney earned her undergraduate degree in political science from Indiana University Bloomington in 1975 with Phi Beta Kappa honors, and her J.D. degree in 1978 from the University of Chicago Law School, where she served on the school's law review and was a member of Order of the Coif.

Mahoney was a clerk for Judge Robert Sprecher of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit before clerking for then-Associate Justice William Rehnquist during the 1979–1980 Term.

Professional career
Mahoney joined Latham & Watkins in 1980 and remained at the firm for the next 11 years. She then served as Deputy Solicitor General in the George H. W. Bush administration, where she was a colleague of future Chief Justice of the United States John G. Roberts. In April 1992, President George H. W. Bush nominated her to serve as a judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia, but her nomination was not acted upon by the Senate before Bush's presidency ended. "It was definitely the low point of my career," she has said. "I never had a hearing, and there was never any opposition that I knew of, so it wasn't ugly. It was just disappointing."

In 1993, Mahoney rejoined Latham & Watkins.

In 2003, Mahoney represented accounting firm Arthur Anderson on appeal. In 2007, she was Joseph Nacchio's lead defense attorney in the proceedings surrounding his alleged insider trading.

Mahoney is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She was appointed to the governing committee of the Supreme Court Historical Society, and prior to 2012 served on the Advisory Committee on Appellate Rules to the Judicial Conference of the United States.

Supreme Court speculation
Harriet Miers' withdrawal of her Supreme Court nomination made Mahoney a possible candidate for the Supreme Court in 2005. However, her position in the University of Michigan affirmative action cases raised concerns among conservatives, and she ultimately was passed over in favor of Samuel Alito. "I already have a dream job, but it's extremely flattering to be considered," she told the Times of Northwest Indiana.

Mahoney was also mentioned as a possible Supreme Court nominee in a John McCain presidency.

Politics
Mahoney supported former New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani in the 2008 presidential election. In the 2012 presidential election, Mahoney supported Mitt Romney.

Personal
Mahoney is married to Washington, D.C. lawyer William H. Crispin. They live in Alexandria, Virginia and also have a vacation home on Nantucket, Massachusetts. They have two children, Brad and Abigail.

Mahoney also is known for her ritual of eating a donut before each oral argument. "When I swam as a kid, my coach told me I needed sugar in me if I wanted to compete," Mahoney has explained.

title: Maureen Mahoney


text:
Whip-Ma-Whop-Ma-Gate

Whip-Ma-Whop-Ma-Gate is a street in York, England, known for its short length and unusual name. A continuation of Colliergate, it runs south to meet Pavement, Fossgate, and the Stonebow, a distance of perhaps 80 ft, and is adjoined by St Saviourgate on its eastern side. St Crux Parish Hall, originally one of York's medieval churches, backs onto it.

The street's name was first recorded in 1505 as Whitnourwhatnourgate, and later appears as Whitney Whatneygate. It seems to mean "neither-one-thing-nor-the-other street", although a plaque on the end of the parish hall suggests the meaning "what a street!" In 17th and 18th century documents, the alternative name Salvey Rents or Salvegate is also found.

Whip-Ma-Whop-Ma is the title of a novel by York author Martyn Clayton.

title: Whip-Ma-Whop-Ma-Gate


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wikipedæd

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Would relist it, but it doesn't have a chance. -Splash talk 23:22, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedæd
delete as neologism. Google does not know it (yet?) --Aleph4 17:00, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * delete I doubt this will be the most natural spelling when, some day, people need a word for this. — brighterorange  (talk) 17:11, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bio static Systems

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. -Splash talk 23:22, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Bio static Systems
band vanity with no WP:MUSIC assertion or AMG hits. — brighterorange  (talk) 17:00, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Vanity article. Solarusdude 19:13, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Per nom. Cnwb 01:41, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Blue Rock State Park

Blue Rock State Park is a public recreation area located 11 mile southeast of Zanesville in Muskingum County, Ohio. The state park encompasses 322 acre that are surrounded by the 4573 acre of Blue Rock State Forest.

History
The state's purchase of the state forest began in 1936; the dam creating Cutler Lake was finished in 1938; the state park was officially created with the advent of the Division of Parks and Recreation in 1949.

Facilities and activities
The park offers swimming, boating and fishing on Cutler Lake, camping, nature trails, picnicking facilities, and hunting in the surrounding state forest.

title: Blue Rock State Park


text: User talk:70.119.68.254

title: User talk:70.119.68.254


text:
Shaunt Basmajian

Shaunt Basmajian (30 September 1950 – 25 January 1990) was a Canadian poet and author.

He was a co-founder of Old Nun Publications and was a member of the Parliament Street Library poetry group.

In 1986, he was attacked with a knife and robbed while he was driving a taxi. His right lung was punctured when a robber stabbed him. He died one year later when his heart lining collapsed.

title: Shaunt Basmajian


text:
Ashdown House

Ashdown House may refer to:

 * Ashdown House, East Sussex, an 18th-century country house in Forest Row, England, now a school
 * Ashdown House, Oxfordshire, a 17th-century country house in Ashbury, England, belonging to the National Trust
 * Ashdown House, a graduate residential house at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States

title: Ashdown House


text:
Ebony Shoe

The Ebony Shoe award (Dutch: Ebbenhouten schoen, French: Soulier d'ébène ) is a football award in Belgium given annually to the best African or African origin player in the Belgian Pro League. The jury is composed of the coaches of league clubs, the Belgium national team manager, sport journalists, and one or more honorary jurors.

As of 2020, Mbark Boussoufa (3 wins), Daniel Amokachi (2 wins), Vincent Kompany (2 wins) and Dieumerci Mbokani (2) are the only players to have won the trophy more than once.

title: Ebony Shoe


text:
The Mighty World of Marvel

The Mighty World Of Marvel (commonly shortened to MWOM) was a British comic book series published first by Marvel UK and then by Panini Comics. Debuting on 30 September 1972, it was the first title published by Marvel UK and ran until 1984. The series was revived in 2003 by Panini Comics, who are licensed to reprint Marvel US material in Europe, and was published monthly until November 2019.

Spending much of the 1970s as Marvel UK's flagship title, MWOM published black & white reprints of American Marvel four-colour material. Thanks in large part to the success of MWOM, Marvel UK gained a foothold in the (at the time) vast UK weekly comic market, allowing the company to cross-market and later introduce non-superhero UK-reprint titles such as Planet of the Apes and Star Wars.

Vol. 1 (1972–1983)
MWOM started out publishing reprints of 1960s stories featuring Marvel's existing characters — including Spider-Man, The Hulk, and the Fantastic Four. The monthly format of the American material was adapted to fit the British weekly format, with stories being split up over several weeks. As was the custom with British weekly titles, the first issue of MWOM featured a free gift, in this case a Hulk iron-on T-shirt transfer.

After Spider-Man left to star in his own publication, Spider-Man Comics Weekly, replaced by Daredevil in the third strip, who was himself replaced by the original X-Men and then the Avengers. Eventually the title settled with the Hulk as cover star, backed up by Daredevil and the Fantastic Four.

Early during the comic's run a type of fan club, FOOM (Friends Of Ol' Marvel), was started and readers were invited to join and receive exclusive items.

As MWOM passed its hundredth issue (August 31, 1974) a galaxy of different characters began to be featured in the publication (with the Hulk still holding the top spot), many of these coming via the merger of other titles into MWOM. The Avengers returned to MWOM, bringing Conan the Barbarian with them in issue #199 (July 21, 1976) following the cancellation of their own magazine. The Avengers had joint cover billing with the Hulk, and over time the green giant would share it with other characters. From issue #233 (March 1977), the Hulk co-starred with Planet of the Apes (after their own 1974–1977 weekly folded) and subsequently with Dracula and Nick Fury. (The former was left over from the last merger, when the title then called Planet of the Apes and Dracula Lives merged into MWOM; while the latter was from Fury weekly, an unsuccessful March–August 1977 attempt to follow the popularity of boys' war comics in the UK.) The final strip to share the masthead with the Hulk was the Fantastic Four, who returned to MWOM after starring in their own magazine, The Complete Fantastic Four.

Marvel Comic
The comic changed when in 1978 Dez Skinn was hired by Stan Lee to head Marvel UK. Skinn revamped all of Marvel UK's titles, including The Mighty World of Marvel, changing the title to Marvel Comic at #330 (January 24, 1979). This saw a move towards more traditional UK boys' adventure-type comics as Daredevil was joined (or re-joined) by Dracula, Conan the Barbarian, Shang-Chi, Skull the Slayer, and Godzilla, who replaced the Hulk three issues after the re-launch.

Marvel Superheroes
In September 1979, however, the title returned to its roots when it became the monthly Marvel Superheroes with issue #353, starring the Avengers. Supporting the Avengers were other superhero teams, initially the original X-Men but later the Champions, while the third and final strip, Superhero Spotlight, featured a new character every few issues. Initially, it ran Ms. Marvel's adventures, which were continued from Marvel Comic. Issue #377 (September 1981) saw the first of a new series of original Captain Britain stories started, continued from the Black Knight strip in Hulk Weekly, which had also featured original material. These stories were written by Dave Thorpe and drawn by Alan Davis. Captain Britain ended with issue #388 (August 1982), just as yet another merger occurred — Rampage joined Marvel Superheroes, and the new X-Men arrived to replace Captain Britain.

Erratic distribution affected sales, and eventually Marvel Superheroes was cancelled in the summer of 1983. Issue #397 ended the continuous run of what was at the time Marvel UK's longest-running title (it was later to be supplanted by Spider-Man weekly, which eventually ran 666 continuous issues).

Volume 2 (1983–1984)
Shortly afterwards, in June 1983, Mighty World of Marvel was re-launched and re-numbered, again as a monthly. The new series mainly concentrated on reprint material, initially the X-Men (continued from Marvel Superheroes) as well as such American limited series as The Vision and the Scarlet Witch, Wolverine, Cloak and Dagger, and a somewhat out-of-chronology X-Men and the Micronauts, set some years after the recent X-Men series. MWOM vol. 2 also featured the end of Alan Moore and Alan Davis's Jaspers' Warp Captain Britain storyline, after The Daredevils was cancelled and merged with MWOM (from vol. 2, issue #7, December 1983). After Moore left, Alan Davis took over writing duties for the Captain Britain stories, but the strip stopped in issue #16 as the Captain left for his own new monthly title in 1985.

Despite some strong material, the merger of the more adult-orientated The Daredevils with the more mainstream MWOM was not an overriding success, and #17 was MWOM vol. 2's final issue. Issue #17 saw the beginning of the limited series Magick, which was continued in the Marvel UK series Savage Sword of Conan, with which MWOM merged.

Volume 3 (2003–2009)
The title remained in limbo until Panini Comics (which had obtained the Marvel UK license in 1995) began publishing it as a "Marvel Collectors' Edition" in February 2003. The new MWOM featured reprints of American Marvel material from all eras of Marvel history; a typical issue was 76 pages long, with most stories lasting 22 pages.

Initially, the title reprinted a Hulk and a Daredevil story each issue with a revolving guest spot. This format was eventually replaced with three revolving guest spots; generally a full story arc was printed before being replaced by something else, or there was a break in a run (which was often revisited at a later date). In addition to Daredevil and the Hulk, characters featured included She-Hulk, Blade, Ghost Rider, Captain Britain, the Fantastic Four, Nick Fury, and the Defenders. The title also printed many Marvel team-up stories featuring multiple superheroes, from such series as Marvel Team-Up vol. 3, the Contest of Champions II, and Beyond!. MWOM also regularly printed spotlights on the more obscure characters featured. These spotlights were a page long and featured a fictional character biography with pictures and a description of their abilities.

Issue #50 was 100 pages long to celebrate the milestone. It was mentioned in issue #67 that the editors were aiming to get closer to the US chronologically.

Volume 3 ended in August 2009, after 86 issues, following Civil War and Planet Hulk.

Volume 4 (2009–2014)
The Mighty World of Marvel vol. 4 debuted in September 2009, following the relaunch of all other Collectors' Editions as part of signalling the end of Civil War. Issues #1–#5 featured the World War Hulk storyline. Issue #8 signaled the first tie-in to the Secret Invasion event that runs across all seven of the Panini Collectors' Editions. Mighty World of Marvel printed tie-ins from Captain Britain and MI13, Hercules, The Thunderbolts, and Ms. Marvel.

Volume 4 ended in June 2014 with issue 62.

Volume 5 (2014–2016)
The Mighty World of Marvel vol. 5 was launched in July 2014 to tie-in with the arrival of Marvel Now! branded stories in the UK. The initial line-up includes Guardians of the Galaxy to tie-in with their film. Avengers Arena was also in the initial lineup. The main storyline for Original Sin was also featured. Mighty World of Marvel also reprinted Silver Surfer and Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. along with Daredevil.

Volume 5 ended in September 2016 with issue #30.

Volume 6 (2016–2018)
The Mighty World of Marvel vol. 6 was launched in October 2016. The initial line was Doctor Strange, Ms. Marvel and Black Widow followed by Silver Surfer and Guardians of the Galaxy. Later issues featured Ms. Marvel & Nick Fury's Civil War II stories. The following is a summary of characters featured in this volume:
 * issues #1 - #6: Doctor Strange, Ms. Marvel, Black Widow
 * issue #7: Guardians of the Galaxy, Silver Surfer, Doctor Strange
 * issue #8: Guardians of the Galaxy, Silver Surfer, Tales of The Pet Avengers
 * issue #9: Guardians of the Galaxy, Silver Surfer, Ms. Marvel
 * issues #10 - #11: Guardians of the Galaxy, Silver Surfer, Ms. Marvel, Nick Fury
 * issues #12 - #13: Guardians of the Galaxy: Mother Entropy, Ms. Marvel, Nick Fury
 * issue #14: Champions, Guardians of the Galaxy: Mother Entropy, Black Widow, Marvel 75th Anniversary (Captain America), Nick Fury
 * issues #15 - #17: Champions, All-New Guardians of the Galaxy, Black Widow
 * issues #18 - #19: Black Panther, Champions, All-New Guardians of the Galaxy, Black Widow, Doctor Strange

Volume 7 (2018–2019)
This volume started publication in April 2018 — appearing every 28 days — and ended in November 2019 with issue 22. Panini had planned to relaunch it. Volume eight was to star 'The Immortal Hulk', and issue 1 was advertised, but ultimately the end of volume 7 was also the end of the title.

Issue 1: 100-PAGE-SPECIAL!
 * Silver Surfer Vol. 8 #9
 * Black Panther Vol. 4 #3
 * Champions Vol. 2 #6
 * New Avengers Annual #1
 * Strange Tales #118
 * Release: 5 April 2018

Issue 2:
 * Silver Surfer Vol. 8 #10
 * Black Panther Vol. 4 #4
 * Champions Vol. 2 #7
 * Strange Tales #119
 * Release: 3 May 2018

Issue 3:
 * Silver Surfer Vol. 8 #11
 * Black Panther Vol. 4 #5
 * Champions Vol. 2 #8
 * Strange Tales #120
 * FREE MARVEL TRADING CARDS!
 * Release: 31 May 2018

Issue 4:
 * Silver Surfer Vol. 8 #12
 * Black Panther Vol. 4 #6
 * Champions Vol. 2 #9
 * Strange Tales #121
 * FREE MARVEL TRADING CARDS!
 * Release: 28 June 2018

Issue 5
 * 100-PAGE-SPECIAL!
 * Secret Empire begins!
 * The Guardians of the Galaxy return in an all-new adventure!
 * Silver Surfer!
 * Champions in Secret Empire!
 * Classic Action with Doctor Strange!
 * FREE MARVEL TRADING CARDS!

Issues #5-6 were part of the Secret Empire event and feature Champions vol. 2, #s 10-11.

Sources consulted

 * The Mighty World of Bronze Age British Marvel (1972-1979)

title: The Mighty World of Marvel


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Folsom Lake College

Folsom Lake College (FLC) is a public community college in Folsom, California. It is part of California Community Colleges system and the Los Rios Community College District. Folsom Lake College serves the community with classes offered at its main Folsom campus at 10 College Parkway, two outreach centers (the El Dorado Center in Placerville and the Rancho Cordova Center), and various off-site locations nearby. As of Fall 2005, Folsom Lake College enrolled approximately 6,600 students choosing among approximately 1,000 different course offerings. Those students were served by 74 full-time faculty, including 9 counselors, 180 part-time faculty, 69 classified staff, and eight administrators. The college offers students over 30 different Associate of Arts or Science degree options, as well as over 30 certificate alternatives. The college's mascot is the Falcons and its colors are teal and black. The current president is Art Pimental who began in 2022.

History
Source:

In 1965, the Los Rios Community College District was established with American River College and Sacramento City College as its two colleges. A year later, in 1966, the Placerville Center opened on the National Guard Armory in Placerville as a center of American River College and served approximately 200 students.

In 1977, the Placerville Center relocated to a hill behind a Raley's supermarket. Hence, it was known as the "University Behind Raley's" by the community. In 1985, operations of the Placerville Center were transferred to Consumnes River College, which opened in 1970. In 1994, the Placerville Center's permanent buildings opened on Campus Drive off Green Valley Road and the center was renamed the El Dorado Center.

In 1989, the Mather Center opened in Rancho Cordova on the site of the Mather Field Air Base. It was owned by American River College. In 1993, the Folsom Lake Center opened on the site of what would become Folsom Lake College, combining the Mather Center and another center at Folsom High School, and was operated by Consumnes River College.

In 2000, the Rancho Cordova Center opened on Rockingham Drive in Rancho Cordova.

In 2001, Folsom Lake College's first permanent building, Aspen Hall, opened.

On January 9, 2004, Folsom Lake College received initial accreditation from the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges of the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. Accreditation certifies to students and the community that an educational institution meets or exceeds specific standards of quality. Folsom Center combined with the existing El Dorado and Rancho Cordova Centers to form Folsom Lake College.

In Fall 2005, Aspen Hall was expanded to include a library, a community room, and a student services center. In the same year, Cypress Hall and Buckeye Hall opened. Cypress Hall consists of science and art labs, a reading and writing center, and a tutoring center, and Buckeye Hall consists of a large university-style lecture room that seats 150 people. In addition, El Dorado Center opened another building which houses the English, tutoring, and community centers there.

In 2006, the Falcon's Roost opened on the Folsom campus. This building consists of a cafeteria, a bookstore, a coffee shop, the college police office, and the career and transfer services center.

In 2007, two more buildings, Dogwood Hall and Lilac Hall, were constructed on the campus. In 2008, the Community Observatory opened on the El Dorado Center.

In 2009, the physical education building opened.

In 2011, the Folsom Lake College Visual and Performing Arts Center, Harris Center, opened to the public. The center includes an 850-seat main theater, a 200-seat city stage, and a 100-seat recital hall. The center cost approximately $42.3 million. The majority, $38 million, came from state and district bonds. $4.3 came from a district capital campaign. The Folsom City Council contributed $500,000 to FLC in exchange for the right to name the 200-seat studio theater.

In 2013, the athletic complex expanded to include a soccer field, baseball and softball stadiums, tennis courts, a track and field complex, and a cross country course. The portable buildings on the main Folsom campus were demolished and replaced with a gymnasium, which opened in 2015.

In 2015, one of the buildings in the El Dorado Center expanded to include a student lounge, a club room, a multi-purpose room, and more office space. In October that year, the Rancho Cordova Center relocated to its current site on Folsom Blvd.

In the spring of 2018, the innovation center got renovated and reopened as a makerspace.

In 2010, FLC began its own athletic program. Men's and Women's golf and tennis began in Spring 2010. Women's Soccer was added in fall 2013, followed by Men's Soccer in fall 2014, Men's Baseball in spring 2015, Women's Softball in spring 2016, Women's Volleyball in fall 2016, and Men's and Women's Basketball in fall 2017.

Alumni

 * Aspen Ladd, professional Mixed Martial Artist, current UFC Bantamweight

title: Folsom Lake College


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Historian of the United States House of Representatives

The historian of the United States House of Representatives is an official appointed by the United States House of Representatives to study and document its past. The House historian heads the Office of the House Historian, which serves as the institutional memory for the institution. The current historian of the House is Matthew Wasniewski.

Purpose
According to the official website for the House of Representatives:

"The Office of the Historian studies and documents the rich history of the United States House of Representatives as a resource for Members, staff, scholars, the media, and the public. It both serves as the House's institutional memory and strives to inspire greater understanding about that body's central role in U.S. history.

Since the First Federal Congress convened in New York City in April 1789, the U.S. House of Representatives has grown from 65 Representatives to 435. The House's evolving rules and procedures have filled many volumes, and, over time, it developed unique traditions and practices. During the past two centuries, Americans have elected more than 11,000 people to the House (far more than any other branch of government), reaffirming the founders’ intent that it be open and responsive to the people.

The Office of the Historian collects and provides information to the widest possible audience on all aspects of the House's rich history spanning more than two centuries: important events, people, precedents, dates, and statistics. It maintains the House's major historical publications including The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress and a series of volumes on women and minorities who have served in Congress.

The office also conducts and publishes oral history interviews with former senior staff and Members of Congress. The House's institutional history website, history.house.gov, is a collaborative project between the Office of the Historian and the Clerk of the House's Office of Art and Archives. Together, the offices' online presences serves to preserve, collect, and interpret the heritage of the U.S. House, serving as the institution's memory and a resource for Members, staff, and the general public."

History
The post was first created in 1983 and its first holder was University of Maryland, College Park historian Raymond W. Smock. In a move that was seen by many as politically motivated, Smock was fired by the new Speaker of the House, Newt Gingrich, when the Republican Party took control of the House in January 1995.

In his place, Gingrich appointed Christina Jeffrey, a political scientist from Kennesaw State University, to the post. However, a controversy arose over comments Jeffrey had made in 1986, while evaluating a program called Facing History and Ourselves for the US Department of Education. She wrote, "The program gives no evidence of balance or objectivity. The Nazi point of view, however unpopular, is still a point of view and is not presented, nor is that of the Ku Klux Klan." Democrats and Jewish groups expressed outrage at the comments, but Jeffrey called the allegations against her "slanderous and outrageous." Gingrich dismissed her six days after she took up the post. (Following a meeting with Jeffrey several months after her dismissal, Abraham Foxman, the National Director of the Anti-Defamation League, wrote that the ADL was "satisfied that any characterization of you as anti-Semitic or sympathetic to Nazism is entirely unfounded and unfair.")

The post remained vacant for the next decade. In 2005, House Speaker Dennis Hastert appointed Robert V. Remini to the post. Prior to his appointment, Remini had been commissioned by Librarian of Congress James H. Billington to write a history of the House of Representatives, as provided by the House Awareness and Preservation Act of 1999. The book he wrote, The House: The History of the House of Representatives, was awarded the George Pendleton Prize. Remini retired in 2010.

In 2010, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, with the cooperation of House Minority Leader John Boehner, appointed a panel of historians to conduct a search for Remini's replacement. Their unanimous recommendation was Matthew Wasniewski, then serving as the historian in the House Clerk's Office of History and Preservation. Wasniewski's appointment was announced in October, 2010.

List of House historians

 * Ray Smock 1983–1995
 * Christina Jeffrey 1995
 * Vacant 1995–2005
 * Robert V. Remini 2005–2010
 * Matthew Wasniewski 2010–present


text:
Peter Kunhardt

Peter W. Kunhardt is an American documentary film-maker who produces shows for HBO, PBS, and other U.S. television networks. He started Kunhardt Films (previously Kunhardt Productions, Inc.) which produced HBO's "JFK: In His Own Words," HBO's "Bobby: In His Own Words," ABC's "Lincoln", Discovery's "P.T. Barnum" Discovery's "Justice Files" and many more. He works with his two sons Teddy and George in Pleasantville, New York.

Work
Since becoming "Kunhardt Films", Kunhardt has produced Jim: The James Foley Story (HBO), Living With Lincoln (HBO), Nixon By Nixon: In His Own Words for (HBO), Makers: Women Who Make America Seasons 1 & 2 for AOL and PBS, The African Americans: Many Rivers To Cross, the HBO documentary Gloria: In Her Own Words, PBS's 10 part series Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr Seasons 1 & 2, the HBO documentary "Teddy: In His Own Words", PBS's "African American Lives I & II", and PBS's "Faces of America". In 2009, Kunhardt produced "This Emotional Life" for WGBH which explores aspects of human emotions such as depression and anxiety.

Kunhardt founded Kunhardt Productions with his father, Philip Kunhardt, Jr., and his brother, Philip Kunhardt, III, in 1987. Before founding Kunhardt Productions, Kunhardt worked for 10 years at ABC News. He is the winner of four national television Emmy Awards, one of which was for "JFK: In His Own Words" (1988). He is co-author of the book Lincoln: An Illustrated Biography (1992) and served as producer and director of the ABC mini-series "Lincoln". He has also co-authored "Looking for Lincoln" (2009) which is also a PBS documentary and "Lincoln Life Size" (2009) He co-produced a ten-hour series for PBS, The American President (1999). In 2003 he served as an executive producer for In Memoriam, a one-hour co-production with HBO and Brad Grey Television recounting how Mayor Rudolph Giuliani and his staff coped with the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001.

Personal life
Kunhardt lives in Chappaqua, New York with his wife, Suzy. He has four children, Peter, Abby, Teddy and George. He is the grandson of children's book author Dorothy Kunhardt, best known for her 1940 creation Pat the Bunny.

Kunhardt attended Groton School and graduated from Middlebury College.

title: Peter Kunhardt


text:
Dave Thorpe

Dave Thorpe (born 1954, died April 2024) was a British writer who is best known for his work on Captain Britain.

Biography
David Thorpe's career began when he joined Marvel UK in 1980 as an assistant editor and art assistant. He soon started writing Captain Britain, helping to revamp the character with Paul Neary and Alan Davis in Marvel Superheroes issue #377. He created many of the characters later used by Alan Moore and wrote the character till issue #386 (Moore took over the writing duties from issue #387). Thorpe and Davis (both doing some of their earliest professional comics work) created Mad Jim Jaspers and wrote the story that would lead into the Jaspers' Warp storyline. The political commentaries in Thorpe's stories ignited conflicts with his editors, leading to his being taken off the series; Davis later commented, "Dave's departure was the result of months of petty politics and very unpleasant." Thorpe's material was reprinted in 1995, in the X-Men archives: Captain Britain limited series, and later trade paperbacks.

Davis credits Thorpe with coming up with the term Earth-616, the designation for the main universe in the Marvel Multiverse. He says it was based on 616, a variation on the Number of the Beast, because "Dave Thorpe, who wasn't a fan of the modern superhero genre, was responsible for most of the more madcap or satirical elements — such as recording his opinion of the Marvel Universe with the designation 616." Thorpe himself argues that he was always a confirmed fan of superheroes.

Thorpe's next work of note was Doc Chaos (1985–1990). Doc Chaos was a commissioned TV series, two comics series, and a novella. Limehouse Productions commissioned scripts, which were co-written by Thorpe with Lawrence Gray. A comics version achieved a cult following. The first series was serialised by Rob Sharp's AntiMatter Comics, then collected into books by Paul Gravett's Escape. In North America it was published by Vortex Comics, with cover designs by Rian Hughes. The scripts were adapted into comics by artists Phil Elliott, Duncan Fegredo, and Steve Sampson.

A novella, Doc Chaos: The Chernobyl Effect, was published in 1988 by Hooligan Press, with illustrations by comics artists Simon Bisley, Brian Bolland, Brett Ewins, Duncan Fegredo, Rian Hughes, Lin Jammett, Pete Mastin, Dave McKean, Savage Pencil, Ed Pinsent and Bryan Talbot. An e-book version, with an added story: Doc Chaos: The Last Laugh, was published in 2012 by Cambria Books.

He was a co-founder of the London Screenwriters Workshop in 1983, pursuing a freelance script writing career, and a co-founder of the successor to The Leveller magazine, Monochrome Newspaper, a free, left-wing/anarchist street newspaper which he co-edited and for which he wrote from 1983–1988. During the 1980s he also worked as a comics writer or editor with Marvel Comics, Titan Books, Vortex Comics, Eclipse Comics (writing The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union trading cards), Escape (magazine), Spiderbaby Grafix and Alan Moore's Mad Love comics, also with MacdonaldFutura, HarperCollins, Oxfam (How the World Works) and Greenpeace. Various cartoon strips in journals have also been published. Thorpe conceived, commissioned, and edited a series of titles on behalf of Macdonald-Futura matching best-selling literary authors with notable comics artists, a project forced to be abandoned upon the suicide of that publisher's owner, Kevin Maxwell. One title in the series was taken up by another publisher: Doris Lessing's Playing the Game, published by HarperCollins.

In the 1990s, until 1999, Thorpe founded and managed the Publications arm of the Centre for Alternative Technology, which commissioned and published approximately 90 titles under his supervision. The most well-known of these is The Whole House Book, written by Cindy Harris and Pat Borer.

Thorpe was the winner of the 2006 HarperCollins/Saga Magazine contest to find the "new J.K. Rowling" with his novel Hybrids, published by HarperCollins in May 2007. In it, a virus causes teenagers to merge with technology in a terror-filled near-future world. "Hybrids" is “a stunningly clever novel” - The Times.

Thorpe is now a consultant, speaker and author in the fields of carbon-free energy and sustainable development.

David Thorpe is a founding member of the One Planet Council (2014), Special Consultant on Sustainable Cities Collective, and was from 2000–2013 the (part-time) News Editor of Energy and Environmental Management magazine, on which website he also had a weekly op-ed column. He is the author of several books and hundreds of articles on related subjects.

David Thorpe died in April 2024.

Non-fiction

 * The One Planet Life
 * Energy Management in Buildings
 * Energy Management in Industry
 * Solar Technology
 * Sustainable Transport Fuels
 * Solar Photovoltaics
 * Sustainable Home Refurbishment
 * How The World Works
 * The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union

Comics

 * Captain Britain (with Alan Davis, in Marvel Superheroes #377-386, 1981)
 * "I Was a Teenage Target" (with Lin Jammet, in AARGH!, 1988)
 * "After Life" (with Aidan Potts, in Taboo #7, 9, 1992, 1995)

Novels

 * Hybrids (HarperCollins in May 2007)

title: Dave Thorpe


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aorta metalcore

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Wikiacc (talk) 00:10, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

Aorta metalcore
Band vanity. DS 17:12, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * A band with no albums. Delete. --Ashenai 17:13, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Bandcruft. Delete. JFW | T@lk  00:34, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * This afd nomination was orphaned. Listing now.  Delete, flunks WP:MUSIC.  They don't even have a demo! —Cryptic (talk) 10:39, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.