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Satanik

Satanik is an Italian crime comics series created in December 1964 by Max Bunker (writer) and Magnus (artist), also the authors of the popular series Kriminal and Alan Ford.

Synopsis
Satanik is Marny Bannister, a skilled female chemist whose face is marked by an unpleasant angioma. One day, following a theory of a mad alchemist, she develops a drug which transforms her into a charming and fascinating red-haired (occasionally blonde) woman: but, as in Stevenson's The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, the drug has an unexpected side effect, making her a murderous criminal mastermind. Satanik was innovative in that she took advantage of her sex appeal to conduct her crimes, with some proto-erotic scenes appearing in the series. It showed also a broad range of horror and supernatural themes like vampires, evil ghosts, and monsters. The series had several problems with censorship and some of the books were confiscated by authorities (like "Murder in the correction house"). The main antagonist of Satanik is the policeman Lt. Trent, whose companion Satanik had killed. After a ménage with the jewel trader Max Lincoln (#38-100), in the last numbers she gets engaged to Kriss Hunter, a black private detective. One of the villains of the series, the vampire Baron Wurdalak, later also appeared in the comedic-oriented series Alan Ford.

Publication history
The comic book, in black and white digest format, was published for ten years. Magnus left after Issue 160. Other artists who worked on the series include Giovanni Romanini and Franco Verola. The last Satanik comic book was Issue 231 of October 1974, in which Satanik and her boyfriend seem to drown. Satanik was named Demoniak in France, in order to avoid confusion with Killing, which had been translated in French as Satanik.

In 1968 Satanik was adapted into a film directed by Piero Vivarelli, starring Magda Konopka in the main role.

title: Satanik


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User:Andro96~enwiki

Moin!

I'm working on the german ethiopia page and I live in Hannover. My hart is red.

 * de:Benutzer:Andro96
 * de:Wikipedia:WikiProjekt Äthiopien
 * commons:User:Andro96
 * fr:Utilisateur:Andro96
 * es:Usuario:Andro96
 * pt:Usuário:Andro96

de:Benutzer:Andro96 es:Usuario:Andro96 fr:Utilisateur:Andro96 it:Utente:Andro96 nl:Gebruiker:Andro96 pt:Usuário:Andro96

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Andro96~enwiki


text:
Category:Hotels in Wisconsin

Wisconsin

title: Category:Hotels in Wisconsin


text:
User:Kaimbridge/SandBox

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title: User:Kaimbridge/SandBox


text: User talk:209.158.161.74

title: User talk:209.158.161.74


text:
Sports Authority

Sports Authority, Inc. (formerly The Sports Authority) was an American sports retailer based in Englewood, Colorado. At its peak, Sports Authority operated 463 stores in 45 States and Puerto Rico. The company's website was on the GSI Commerce platform and supported the retail stores as well as other multi-channel programs. A joint venture with ÆON Co., Ltd., operates "Sports Authority" stores in Japan under a licensing agreement.

On March 2, 2016, Sports Authority filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, and the case was converted to Chapter 7 a few months later. On May 18, 2016, the company's stores were sold to a group of liquidators and on May 25, CEO Michael Foss announced that all of the stores would close by the end of August 2016. On June 30, 2016, Dick's Sporting Goods won the auction for Sports Authority's brand name and intellectual property.

On July 15, 2016, the online store closed operations, redirecting users to the Dick's Sporting Goods website. On July 21, 2016, the purchase of Sports Authority's intellectual property by rival Dick's Sporting Goods was approved.

Gart Brothers
Gart Brothers, or Gart Bros. began in 1928, when Denver Post newspaper carrier Nathan Gart started the company with $50 (~$ in ) in fishing rod samples.

In 1971, the Gart Bros. Company opened the "Sportscastle" superstore in Denver, Colorado, at the corner of 10th Avenue and Broadway. The 1980s marked a period of substantial growth for the company through a series of acquisitions. These mergers included Hagan's Sports Ltd. (1987) and Stevens Brown of Salt Lake City (1987). In the fall of 1992, Leonard Green & Partners acquired Thrifty and became the company's largest shareholder.

Sportmart
At the same time that Gart Bros. opened the Sportscastle, the Hochberg family and the Cantor family opened their first Sportmart in Niles, Illinois. The company grew to 60 stores in nine states. Gart Bros. and Sportmart merged in 1998. Sportmart briefly operated in Canada in the 1990s before closing down their operations after two years.

Oshman's
Oshman's Sporting Goods was founded in Houston, Texas, in 1919 by Jake Oshman. By 1965, Oshman's had become the largest sporting goods chain in Texas, operating 43 Oshman's SuperSports USA stores and 15 traditional stores; the company merged with Gart Bros. in 2001, two years before eventually merging with and changing their name to Sports Authority.

Sports Authority

The Sports Authority, Inc., was founded in Lakes Mall in Lauderdale Lakes, Florida, by a syndicate of venture capital groups and several key founding executives. Jack A. Smith, formerly COO of Herman's World of Sporting Goods, CEO; Roy M. Cohen, senior vice president and general merchandise manager; Richard Lynch, senior vice president and CFO and Arnold Sedel, vice president of stores operations, were the founding executives. The venture capital syndicate was led by William Blair Venture Partners and included First Chicago Venture Partners, Bain Capital, Phillips-Smith Venture Partners, Marquette Venture Partners, and Bessemer Securities.

The Sports Authority, Inc. opened its first store in November 1987 in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In 1990, Kmart acquired the company. At the time of acquisition, Kmart had opened two sporting goods stores in Metro Detroit under the Sports Giant name and converted these stores to the Sports Authority name. Five years later, The Sports Authority had expanded to 136 stores in 26 states, and was spun off from parent Kmart.

Its headquarters were in Lauderdale Lakes, near Fort Lauderdale.

Gart Sports merges with The Sports Authority
Gart Sports, which also operated Oshman's and Sportmart, completed a "merger of equals" with The Sports Authority on August 4, 2003. At the time of its merger with the Gart Sports Company, The Sports Authority was the largest full-line sporting goods retailer in the United States, and had 205 stores in 33 states. The combined company took the Sports Authority name. With the merger, each share of Sports Authority was exchanged with 0.37 shares of Gart Sports which gave investors in each about 50% of the new merchant. The new company was based in Englewood, Colorado, which was the home of Gart Sports.

As of May 2006, the remaining stores that were not operating under the Sports Authority name were re-branded to the Sports Authority name.

2006 leveraged buyout by Leonard Green & Partners
In January 2006, Sports Authority agreed to be purchased in a leveraged buyout by affiliates of Leonard Green & Partners, a private equity investment firm, in a transaction valued at $1.4 billion (~$ in ). Shareholders approved the deal in May 2006. Upon completion of the merger, Sports Authority ceased to be a publicly listed stock. There were also no public bonds outstanding, and Sports Authority no longer filed financial statements with the SEC.

Copeland's Sports
In August 2006, Copeland's Sports, headquartered in San Luis Obispo, California filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy and on November 17, 2006, Sports Authority, through a wholly owned subsidiary, assumed the leasehold interests in seven former Copeland's Sports retail store locations.

S.A. Elite
Sports Authority launched new store brand "S.A. Elite" in mid-2010, based on consumer research and testing. These stores are smaller than typical Sports Authority outlets and carry high-end sports apparel and accessories.

Bankruptcy/liquidation
On February 4, 2016, it was widely reported that Sports Authority was set to declare Chapter 11 bankruptcy, due to debt problems. Later that month, The Dallas Morning News reported that the company planned to close all 25 of its stores in Texas. The report did not specify a date for the closures. On March 2, 2016, Sports Authority filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy. After considering restructuring, Sports Authority announced that on April 26, they would sell all of their assets, including all of the remaining store locations. Earlier in April, Reuters reported that Academy Sports + Outdoors and Dick's Sporting Goods had expressed interest in purchasing Sports Authority's assets. On May 3, 2016, the company notified the US Bankruptcy Court that it would not reorganize its debt but would auction its assets. Contrary to media reports, the company announced it would not be liquidating its assets, but would be auctioning off its stores and operations, with the intended goal of keeping all of its stores open. On May 18, however, it was announced that the effort to avoid liquidation was unsuccessful, causing the Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing to be converted to Chapter 7. The stores would in fact be closed, part of the American retail trend known as the retail apocalypse.

As of July 28, 2016, the Sports Authority website redirected to the Dick's Sporting Goods website.

Brands
Sports Authority sold different brands of sporting goods from many different vendors. The company also sold products under its own private labels, including Alpine Design (seasonal clothing and outdoor goods), Sims (seasonal clothing and snowboards), Aspire (women's sportswear), SA Gear (men's sportswear and fitness equipment), Tommy Armour and Ram (Golf), Parkside (outdoor games and trampolines), and Bodyfit by Sports Authority (fitness accessories). Many of these products were made by other manufacturers and branded with the Sports Authority private labels.

Sports Authority Field at Mile High

Sports Authority owned the corporate naming rights to Sports Authority Field at Mile High, a stadium in Denver, Colorado, which is the home of the Denver Broncos. The Denver Broncos purchased the stadium naming rights in August 2016, and has since removed the Sports Authority name from the stadium. By 20 June 2018, the stadium operated under the name Broncos Stadium at Mile High until Empower Retirement took over in September 2019.

Competition
Sports Authority's major competitor stores included:
 * Academy Sports + Outdoors
 * Big 5 Sporting Goods
 * City Sports
 * Dick's Sporting Goods
 * Steve & Barry's
 * MC Sports
 * Modell's
 * REI

title: Sports Authority


text:
Atlascopcosaurus

Atlascopcosaurus is a genus of herbivorous basal iguanodont dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Eumeralla Formation of Australia.

Discovery and naming
The type specimen, NMV P166409, was found in 1984 at the Dinosaur Cove East site at the coast of Victoria, in layers of the Eumeralla Formation dating from the early Cretaceous, Aptian-Albian. The holotype consists of a piece of the upper jaw, a partial maxilla with teeth, and referred specimens include teeth, another maxilla, and dentaries. Although the rest of the skeleton is unknown it can be inferred from closely related species that the genus represents a small bipedal herbivore.

The type species, Atlascopcosaurus loadsi, was named and described by Tom Rich and Patricia Vickers-Rich in 1989. The generic name refers to the Atlas Copco Company who had provided equipment for the dig that discovered this dinosaur in 1984. The project revealed 85 fossil bone fragments of various species. This opened the door for more excavation and, along with other companies, Atlas Copco helped over ten years excavate about sixty metres of tunnel in a cliff wall at the sea shore. The specific name, loadsi, honours William Loads, the state manager for Atlas Copco at the time, who assisted during the dig.

Description
By extrapolation it has been estimated that Atlascopcosaurus loadsi was about two to three metres (6.5–10 ft) long and weighed approximately 125 kg.

Classification
Despite being assigned to Hypsilophodontidae by its describers, the original classification of Atlascoposaurus was considered untenable given that Hypsilophodontidae has been recovered as paraphyletic in subsequent cladistic studies and Atlascopcosaurus was tabulated as a basal member of Ornithopoda in the second edition of the Dinosauria. Because the teeth are not species-specific and the maxilla fragment is little informative, Agnolin et al. (2010) treated it as a nomen dubium, even though they noted similarities with the elasmarians Anabisetia and Gasparinisaura from Patagonia. However, Boyd (2015) considered the genus valid and recovered it at the base of Iguanodontia in a clade with Anabisetia, Gasparinisaura, and Qantassaurus.

title: Atlascopcosaurus


text:
Philosophy of war

The philosophy of war is the area of philosophy devoted to examining issues such as the causes of war, the relationship between war and human nature, and the ethics of war. Certain aspects of the philosophy of war overlap with the philosophy of history, political philosophy, international relations and the philosophy of law.

Works about the philosophy of war

Perhaps the greatest and most influential work in the philosophy of war is Carl von Clausewitz's On War, published in 1832. It combines observations on strategy with questions about human nature and the purpose of war. Clausewitz especially examines the teleology of war: whether war is a means to an end outside itself or whether it can be an end in itself. He concludes that the latter cannot be so, and that war is "politics by different means"; i.e. that war must not exist only for its own sake. It must serve some purpose for the state.

Leo Tolstoy's 1869 novel War and Peace contains frequent philosophical digressions on the philosophy of war (and broader metaphysical speculations derived from Christianity and from Tolstoy's observations of the Napoleonic Wars). It was influential on later thought about war. Tolstoy's Christian-centered philosophy of war (especially his essays "A Letter to a Hindu" (1908) and "The Kingdom of God is Within You" (1894)) directly influenced Gandhi's Hinduism-centered non-violent resistance philosophy.

Writing in 1869, Genrikh Leer emphasized the favorable effects of war on nations: "[...] war emerges as a powerful tool in the matter of improving the internal, moral and material life of peoples [...]."

While Sun Tzu's The Art of War (5th century BCE), focuses mostly on weaponry and strategy instead of on philosophy, various commentators have broadened his observations into philosophies applied in situations extending well beyond war itself such as competition or management (see the main Wikipedia article on The Art of War for a discussion of the application of Sun Tzu's philosophy to areas other than war). In the early 16th century, parts of Niccolò Machiavelli's masterpiece The Prince (as well as his Discourses) and parts of Machiavelli's own work titled  The Art of War discuss some philosophical points relating to war, though neither book could be said to be a work in the philosophy of war.

Just War Theory
The Indian Hindu epic, the Mahabharata, offers the first written discussions of a "just war" (dharma-yuddha or "righteous war"). In it, one of five ruling brothers (Pandavas) asks if the suffering caused by war can ever be justified. A long discussion then ensues between the siblings, establishing criteria like proportionality (chariots cannot attack cavalry, only other chariots; no attacking people in distress), just means (no poisoned or barbed arrows), just cause (no attacking out of rage), and fair treatment of captives and the wounded. The philosophy of just war theorizes what aspects of war are justifiable according to morally acceptable principles. Just war theory is based upon four core criteria to be followed by those determined to go to war. The four principles are as follows: just authority; just cause; right intention; last resort.

Just authority
The criterion of just authority refers to the determined legality of going to war, and whether the concept of war and the pursuit of it has been legally processed and justified.

Just cause
Just cause is a justifiable reason that war is the appropriate and necessary response. If war can be avoided, that must be determined first, according to the philosophy of just war theory.

Right intention
To go to war, one must determine if the intentions of doing so are right according to morality. Right intention criterion requires the determination of whether or not a war response is a measurable way to the conflict being acted upon.

Last resort
War is a last resort response, meaning that if there is a conflict between disagreeing parties, all solutions must be attempted before resorting to war.

Traditions of thought
Since the philosophy of war is often treated as a subset of another branch of philosophy (for example, political philosophy or the philosophy of law) it would be difficult to define any clear-cut schools of thought in the same sense that, e.g., Existentialism or Objectivism can be described as distinct movements. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy refers to Carl von Clausewitz as "the only (so-called) philosopher of war", implying that he is the only (major) philosophical writer who develops a philosophical system focusing exclusively on war. However, discernible traditions of thought on war have developed over time, so that some writers have been able to distinguish broad categories (if somewhat loosely).

Teleological categories
Anatol Rapoport's introduction to his edition of the J. J. Graham translation of Clausewitz's On War identifies three main teleological traditions in the philosophy of war: the cataclysmic, the eschatological, and the political. (On War, Rapoport's introduction, 13). These are not the only possible teleological philosophies of war, but only three of the most common. As Rapoport says,

"To put it metaphorically, in political philosophy war is compared to a game of strategy (like chess); in eschatological philosophy, to a mission or the dénouement of a drama; in cataclysmic philosophy, to a fire or an epidemic.

These do not, of course, exhaust the views of war prevailing at different times and at different places. For example, war has at times been viewed as a pastime or an adventure, as the only proper occupation for a nobleman, as an affair of honor (for example, the days of chivalry), as a ceremony (e.g. among the Aztecs), as an outlet of aggressive instincts or a manifestation of a "death wish", as nature's way of ensuring the survival of the fittest, as an absurdity (e.g. among Eskimos), as a tenacious custom, destined to die out like slavery, and as a crime. (On War, Rapoport's introduction, 17)"

 * The Cataclysmic school of thought, which was espoused by Leo Tolstoy in his epic novel War and Peace, sees war as a bane on humanity – whether avoidable or inevitable – which serves little purpose outside of causing destruction and suffering, and which may cause drastic change to society, but not in any teleological sense. Tolstoy's view may be placed under the subcategory of global cataclysmic philosophy of war. Another subcategory of the cataclysmic school of thought is the ethnocentric cataclysmic, in which this view is focused specifically on the plight of a specific ethnicity or nation, for example the view in Judaism of war as a punishment from God on the Israelites in certain books of the Tenakh (Old Testament). As the Tenakh (in certain books) sees war as an ineluctable act of God, so Tolstoy especially emphasizes war as something that befalls man and is in no way under the influence of man's "free will", but is instead the result of irresistible global forces. (On War, Rapoport's introduction 16)
 * The Eschatological school of thought sees all wars (or all major wars) as leading to some goal, and asserts that some final conflict will someday resolve the path followed by all wars and result in a massive upheaval of society and a subsequent new society free from war (in varying theories the resulting society may be either a utopia or a dystopia). There are two subsets of this view: the Messianic and the Global theory. The Marxist concept of a communist world ruled by the proletariat after a final worldwide revolution is an example of the global theory, and the Christian concept of an Armageddon war which will usher in the second coming of Christ and the final defeat of Satan is an example of a theory that could fall under Global or Messianic. (On War, Rapoport's introduction, 15) The messianic eschatological philosophy is derived from the Jewish-Christian concept of a Messiah, and sees wars as culminating in unification of humanity under a single faith or a single ruler. Crusades, Jihads, the Nazi concept of a Master Race and the 19th century American concept of Manifest Destiny may also fall under this heading. (On War, Rapoport's introduction, 15) (See main articles for more information: Christian eschatology, Jewish eschatology)
 * The Political school of thought, of which Clausewitz was a proponent, sees war as a tool of the state. On page 13 Rapoport says,

"Clausewitz views war as a rational instrument of national policy. The three words "rational", "instrument" and "national" are the key concepts of his paradigm. In this view, the decision to wage war "ought" to be rational, in the sense that it ought to be based on estimated costs and gains of war. Next, war "ought" to be instrumental, in the sense that it ought to be waged in order to achieve some goal, never for its own sake; and also in the sense that strategy and tactics ought to be directed towards just one end, namely towards victory. Finally, war "ought" to be national, in the sense that its objective should be to advance the interests of a national state and that the entire effort of the nation ought to be mobilized in the service of the military objective."

 * He later characterizes the philosophy behind the Vietnam War and other Cold War conflicts as "Neo-Clausewitzian". Rapoport also includes Machiavelli as an early example of the political philosophy of war (On War, Rapoport's introduction, 13). Decades after his essay, the War on Terrorism and the Iraq War begun by the United States under President George W. Bush in 2001 and 2003 have often been justified under the doctrine of preemption, a political motivation stating that the United States must use war to prevent further attacks such as the September 11, 2001 attacks.

Ethical categories
Another possible system for categorizing different schools of thought on war can be found in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (see external links, below), based on ethics. The SEP describes three major divisions in the ethics of war: the realist, the pacifist, and the just war Theory. In a nutshell:

 * Realists will typically hold that systems of morals and ethics which guide individuals within societies cannot realistically be applied to societies as a whole to govern the way they, as societies, interact with other societies. Hence, a state's purposes in war is simply to preserve its national interest. This kind of thinking is similar to Machiavelli's philosophy, and Thucydides and Hobbes may also fall under this category.
 * Pacifism however, maintains that a moral evaluation of war is possible, and that war is always found to be immoral. Generally, there are two kinds of modern secular pacifism to consider: (1) a more consequentialist form of pacifism (or CP), which maintains that the benefits accruing from war can never outweigh the costs of fighting it; and (2) a more deontological form of pacifism (or DP), which contends that the very activity of war is intrinsically wrong, since it violates foremost duties of justice, such as not killing human beings. Eugene Victor Debs and others were famous advocates of pacifistic diplomatic methods instead of war. In the late twentieth century social philosophers such as Robert L. Holmes also strove within the halls of academe to apply both theoretical forms of secular pacifism within the context of modern forms of warfare including nuclear war and terrorism.
 * Just war theory, along with pacifism, holds that morals do apply to war. However, unlike pacifism, according to just war theory it is possible for a war to be morally justified. The concept of a morally justified war underlies much of the concept international law, such as the Geneva Conventions. Aristotle, Cicero, Augustine, Aquinas, and Hugo Grotius are among the philosophers who have espoused some form of a just war philosophy. One common just war theory evaluation of war is that war is only justified if 1.) waged in a state or nation's self-defense, or 2.) waged in order to end gross violations of human rights. Political philosopher John Rawls advocated these criteria as justification for war.

title: Philosophy of war


text: Category:Theatre in Belgium

title: Category:Theatre in Belgium


text:
User talk:Ávila

I replied to your message on my talk page. —Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason 16:32, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ávila


text:
Rolls-Royce aircraft piston engines

Rolls-Royce produced a range of piston engine types for aircraft use in the first half of the 20th century. Production of own-design engines ceased in 1955 with the last versions of the Griffon; licensed production of Teledyne Continental Motors general aviation engines was carried out by the company in the 1960s and 1970s.

Examples of Rolls-Royce aircraft piston engine types remain airworthy today with many more on public display in museums.

WWI
In 1915, the Eagle, Falcon, and Hawk engines were developed in response to wartime needs. The Eagle was very successful, especially for bombers. It was scaled down by a factor of 5:4 to make the Falcon or by deleting one bank of its V12 cylinders to make the Hawk. The smaller engines were intended for fighter aircraft. Subsequently, it was enlarged to make the Condor which saw use in airships.

Inter-war years
The Kestrel was a post-war redesign of the Eagle featuring wet cylinder liners in (two) common cylinder blocks. It was developed into the supercharged Peregrine and later the Goshawk.

Developed concurrently with the Kestrel was the unusual Rolls-Royce Eagle XVI X engine that was cancelled in favour of the Kestrel despite performing well on the test stand.

The Buzzard was an enlargement of the Kestrel of Condor size, developed in its most extreme form into the Rolls-Royce R racing engine used for the Schneider Trophy competition.

The Vulture of 1939 was essentially two Peregrines on a common crankshaft in an X-24 configuration, both of these types being deemed unsuccessful.

WWII and beyond
The Rolls-Royce Merlin, and later the development of the Buzzard, the Rolls-Royce Griffon were the two most successful designs for Rolls-Royce to serve in the Second World War, the Merlin powering RAF fighters the Hawker Hurricane, Supermarine Spitfire, fighter/bomber de Havilland Mosquito, Lancaster and Halifax heavy bombers and also allied aircraft such as the American P-51 Mustang and some marks of Kittyhawk.

Experimental engines were developed as alternatives for high performance aircraft such as the H-24 configuration Rolls-Royce Eagle 22, the two-stroke Rolls-Royce Crecy and the Rolls-Royce Pennine and Rolls-Royce Exe, the Exe being the only one of these last three engines to fly. However the successful development of the Merlin and Griffon, and the introduction of jet engines precluded significant production of these types.

Production of Rolls-Royce designed aircraft piston engines ceased in 1955 with the last variants of the Griffon. Between 1961 and 1981 Rolls-Royce was licensed to build the Teledyne Continental range of light aircraft piston engines including the Continental O-520.

Surviving engines
As of 2017 examples of the Falcon, Griffon, Kestrel and Merlin remain airworthy.

Engines on display
Various types of Rolls-Royce aircraft piston engines are on public display at the following museums:
 * Fleet Air Arm Museum
 * Imperial War Museum Duxford
 * Lone Star Flight Museum
 * Midland Air Museum
 * Royal Air Force Museum Cosford
 * Royal Air Force Museum London
 * Science Museum (London)
 * Shuttleworth Collection

Chronological list

 * Rolls-Royce Eagle (V-12)
 * Rolls-Royce Hawk
 * Rolls-Royce Falcon
 * Rolls-Royce Condor
 * Rolls-Royce Eagle XVI (X-16)
 * Rolls-Royce Kestrel
 * Rolls-Royce Buzzard
 * Rolls-Royce Goshawk
 * Rolls-Royce R
 * Rolls-Royce Peregrine
 * Rolls-Royce Merlin
 * Rolls-Royce Exe
 * Rolls-Royce Vulture
 * Rolls-Royce Crecy
 * Rolls-Royce Griffon
 * Rolls-Royce Eagle (H-24)
 * Rolls-Royce Pennine

title: Rolls-Royce aircraft piston engines


text: Category:Hotels in Arizona

title: Category:Hotels in Arizona


text:
User:I-Navigation

I-Navigation is a powerful tool for collecting, organizing and sharing information. It has an easy to understand user interface which will help you to intuitively visualize and navigate your daily information flow.

You can use I-Navigation for: mind mapping, notes taking, studying and learning, project organization, planning, decision making, presentation, creating summaries.

title: User:I-Navigation


text:
Aquarius (rocket)

Aquarius is a launch vehicle concept designed for low-cost by Space Systems/Loral to carry small, inexpensive payloads into LEO.

Concept
The vehicle was primarily intended for launching bulk products, like water, fuel, and other consumables, that are inexpensive to replace in the event of a launch failure. The target launch cost was $1 million. Aquarius was designed to be a single-stage vehicle 43 meters (141 ft) high and 4 meters (13.1 ft) in diameter and powered by a single pressure fed engine using liquid hydrogen and oxygen propellants stored in a composite pressure tank. Launch would have taken place from a floating position in the ocean to minimize launch infrastructure with the ability to place a 1,000-kilogram (2,200 lb) payload into a 200 km, 52-degree orbit. The payload, located in the base of the vehicle, would be extracted by an orbiting space tug for transfer to its ultimate destination, like the ISS or a propellant depot, after which the vehicle would de-orbit and be destroyed.

Vortex Cooled Chamber Wall Engine
Space Systems/Loral teamed with Microcosm, and Wilson Composite Technologies to study Aquarius under a $110,000 grant awarded by the state of California in April 2001 and delivered a final report in June 2002.

Funding of $1 million was provided in the FY 2004 Defense Appropriations Act to develop a prototype of the low-cost engine for the vehicle. The engine would provide 400,000 pounds-force (1.8 MN) of thrust using liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen as propellants. For the engine development, Space Systems/Loral is partnered with Aerojet, ORBITEC and Microcosm, under the auspices of the Air Force Research Laboratory and was completed in 2006. It confirmed that an ORBITEC engine design with inherently low cost can be scaled up to an intermediate thrust level, from which the next scale-up step to Aquarius should be achievable.

COTS bid
The proposal made with Constellation Services International for Commercial Orbital Transportation Services in 2006 was not selected. $150 million was the planned development cost, as part of a $700 million project (that included a space tug). 100 launches per year were needed to be profitable. One third of the launches were by design allowed to fail. Target costs were $1 million per launch or $1000/kg to LEO.

Design specification

 * Diameter: 4 meters (12.6 feet)
 * LH2 tank length: 21 meters (69 feet)
 * LOX tank length: 8.4 meters (28 feet)
 * GH2 Pressurant tank length: 4 meters
 * Total height : 43 metres (140 feet)

title: Aquarius (rocket)


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Crooked Creek Camp

Closing Reasoning
It was 6 for Delete, 3 for Merge and 2 for Keep on my count. Contact my talk page if you'd like to discuss this. Some of the votes were vague. Karmafist 16:36, 14 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
Category:Radio stations in Australia

Radio stations in Australia.

title: Category:Radio stations in Australia


text:
Hysteresivity

Hysteresivity derives from “hysteresis”, meaning “lag”. It is the tendency to react slowly to an outside force, or to not return completely to its original state. Whereas the area within a hysteresis loop represents energy dissipated to heat and is an extensive quantity with units of energy, the hysteresivity represents the fraction of the elastic energy that is lost to heat, and is an intensive property that is dimensionless.

Overview
When a force deforms a material it generates elastic stresses and internal frictional stresses. Most often, frictional stress is described as being analogous to the stress that results from the flow of a viscous fluid, but in many engineering materials, in soft biological tissues, and in living cells, the concept that friction arises only from a viscous stress is now known to be erroneous. For example, Bayliss and Robertson and Hildebrandt demonstrated that frictional stress in lung tissue is dependent upon the amount of lung expansion but not the rate of expansion, findings that are fundamentally incompatible with the notion of friction being caused by a viscous stress. If not by a viscous stress, how then does friction arise, and how is it properly described?

In many inert and living materials, the relationship between elastic and frictional stresses turns out to be very nearly invariant (something unaltered by a transformation). In lung tissues, for example, the frictional stress is almost invariably between 0.1 and 0.2 of the elastic stress, where this fraction is called the hysteresivity, h, or, equivalently, the structural damping coefficient. It is a simple phenomenological fact, therefore, that for each unit of peak elastic strain energy that is stored during a cyclic deformation, 10 to 20% of that elastic energy is taxed as friction and lost irreversibly to heat. This fixed relationship holds at the level of the whole lung , isolated lung parenchymal tissue strips, isolated smooth muscle strips, and even isolated living cells.

This close relationship between frictional and elastic stresses is called the structural damping law  or, sometimes, the constant phase model. The structural damping law implies that frictional losses are coupled tightly to elastic stresses rather than to viscous stresses, but the precise molecular mechanical origin of this phenomenon remains unknown. ' In material science, the complex elastic modulus of a material, G*(f'), at frequency of oscillatory deformation f'', is given by,

 * $$ G^{*}(f)=G'+jG'' $$

where:
 * G*(f)= complex elastic modulus at frequency of oscillatory deformation, f
 * G′ = the elastic modulus
 * G′′ = the loss modulus
 * j 2 = −1

This relationship can be rewritten as,

 * $$\ G^{*}(f)=G'(1 + jh) $$

where:

 * h = G′′/G′.

In systems conforming to the structural damping law, the hysteresivity h is constant with or insensitive to changes in oscillatory frequency, and the loss modulus G′′ (= hG′) becomes a constant fraction of the elastic modulus.

title: Hysteresivity


text:
Talk:Shoot (botany)

-- Content about merge moved to Plant stem talk page. -- Meggar 03:40, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
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"Heterophylly" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heterophylly&redirect=no Heterophylly] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Skarmory  (talk •   contribs)  04:23, 10 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shoot (botany)


text:
Physostigma venenosum

Physostigma venenosum, the Calabar bean or ordeal bean, is a leguminous plant, Endemic to tropical Africa, with a seed poisonous to humans. It derives the first part of its scientific name from a curious beak-like appendage at the end of the stigma, in the centre of the flower; this appendage, though solid, was supposed to be hollow (hence the name from φῦσα, a bladder, and stigma).

Growth
The plant is a large, herbaceous, climbing perennial, with the stem woody at the base, up to 2 in in diameter; it has a habit like the scarlet runner, and attains a height of about 50 ft. The flowers, appearing in axillary peduncles, are large, about 1 in long, grouped in pendulous, fascicled racemes pale-pink or purplish, and heavily veined. The seed pods, which contain two or three seeds or beans, are 6 - 7 in in length; and the beans are about the size of an ordinary horse bean but less flattened, with a deep chocolate-brown color.

Toxicology
Calabar bean contains physostigmine, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor alkaloid. The alkaloid physostigmine acts in effect like nerve gas, influencing communication between the nerves and muscles, and resulting in copious salivation, seizures, loss of control over the bladder and bowels, and eventually loss of control over the respiratory system, causing death by asphyxiation.

The main antidote to Calabar bean poisoning is the slightly less toxic tropane alkaloid atropine, which may often succeed; and the other measures are those usually employed to stimulate the circulation and respiration. Unfortunately, the antagonism between physostigmine and atropine is not perfect, and Sir Thomas Richard Fraser demonstrated that sometimes the action of the two drugs is summated and death results sooner than from either alone: namely, atropine will save life if three and a half times the fatal dose of physostigmine has been taken, but will hasten the end if four or more times the fatal dose has been ingested.

Historical uses
The people of Old Calabar used Calabar beans or 'E-ser-e' as an ordeal poison, and administered them to persons accused of witchcraft or other crimes. It was considered to affect only the guilty; if a person accused of a crime ingested the beans without dying, they were considered innocent. A form of dueling with the seeds was also practiced, in which the two opponents divide a bean, each eating one half; that quantity has been known to kill both adversaries. Although thus highly poisonous, the bean has nothing in external aspect, taste or smell to distinguish it from any harmless leguminous seed, and disastrous effects have resulted from its being incautiously left in the way of children. The beans were first introduced into Britain in the year 1840; but the plant was not accurately described until 1861, and its physiological effects were investigated in 1863 by Sir Thomas Richard Fraser. The bean usually contains a little more than 1% of alkaloids. Two of these have been identified, one called calabarine with atropine-like effects, and the other, the drug physostigmine (with the opposite effect), used in the treatment of glaucoma, anticholinergic syndrome, myasthenia gravis and delayed gastric emptying.

title: Physostigma venenosum


text: User talk:216.60.167.252

title: User talk:216.60.167.252


text:
Template talk:Vw3

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title: Template talk:Vw3


text: User talk:81.171.138.114

title: User talk:81.171.138.114


text:
Gurkha Contingent

The Gurkha Contingent (GC) is a line department of the Singapore Police Force (SPF) consisting primarily of Gurkhas from Nepal, recruited by the British Army with the purview of the Government of Singapore. The contingent's roles are as a special guard force and counter-terrorist force.

History
The Gurkha Contingent was formed on 9 April 1949 in the wake of Indian independence from the British Empire, with Captain Darshan Limbu, when the Gurkha regiments of the British Indian Army were divided between the Indian Army and the British Army as per the terms of the Britain–India–Nepal Tripartite Agreement.

Under the agreement, four Gurkha regiments from Nepal were transferred to the British Army while six joined the Indian army. India now has 39 Gorkha battalions serving in seven Gorkha regiments. Those transferred to the British Army were posted to other British colonies. In Malaya and Singapore, their presence was required in the Malayan Emergency, and they were to replace the Sikh unit in Singapore which reverted to the Indian Army on Indian independence.

Just a year after their formation, their presence became an asset when racial riots between the Malay and European communities broke out over the disputed custody of Maria Hertogh. The GC troopers were again activated when major rioting erupted all over the country between ethnic Malays and Chinese on the Prophet Mohammed's birthday from 21 July 1964 to September that same year.

At that time, their presence as a neutral force was important because local police officers were often perceived to be—or were even expected to be—biased towards their own ethnic groups when handling race-related issues, further fueling discontent and violence. Officers who attempted to carry out their duties impartially and in full accordance with the law also faced social backlash from their own ethnic communities, a difficult situation which could even lead to physical harm to individual officers.

In his autobiography, former Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew recounted the use of the Gurkha Contingent as an impartial force at the time when Singapore had just gained independence. He wrote:

"When I returned to Oxley Road [Lee's residence], Gurkha policemen (recruited by the British from Nepal) were posted as sentries. To have either Chinese policemen shooting Malays or Malay policemen shooting Chinese would have caused widespread repercussions. The Gurkhas, on the other hand, were neutral, besides having a reputation for total discipline and loyalty."

In April 2012, the GC suffered a scandal when nine of its officers were detained for being involved in a fight.

Manpower and training
Since its formation in 1949 with 142 men, the contingent has grown to over 2,000 in size in 2003. Young men are recruited in Nepal at the British Gurkha camp in Pokhara. About 320 are selected annually in December out of a pool of over 20,000 applications, split between the Gurkha Contingent and the British Army.

Some of the basic physical admission criteria in the recruitment camp include:

 * Aged $17 1⁄2$ to 21
 * Minimum height of 160 cm
 * Minimum weight of 50 kg
 * Chest circumference of 79 cm with minimum 5 cm expansion
 * No applicants needing eyesight aids will be accepted.
 * Generally good oral hygiene, with up to two fillings, false teeth or a single gap.

Applicants are expected to possess a minimum education level of SLC 3rd Division, equivalent to the GCE Ordinary Level. Upon registration, they have to go through a battery of physical and mental assessments prior to selection, including oral and written tests in the English language, a mathematics test, a board interview and medical examination. The annual selection process, which normally takes 17 days but is spread over four months due to conditions in Nepal, will then assign recruits to either the GC or the British Army.

Upon successful selection, GC trainees are flown to Singapore, and housed at the permanent base of the GC at Mount Vernon Camp where they will receive ten months of training before being deployed for duties. The training phase for GC officers is relatively unknown, although they have been known to use the jungles in Pulau Tekong for training. Arrangements with the Royal Brunei Police Force have allowed Gurkha officers to conduct jungle training in Brunei for several years. The GC also receives training from external agencies, including from the SAF Medical Training Institute for medical courses.

Organisation and rank structure

There are a total of nine Gurkha Guard companies commanded by local and British officers. As a British colonial import, the first contingent commander was a British officer, and up to today, it remains the only military or police unit in Singapore to be headed by a British officer seconded from the British Army.

The current commander is Assistant Commissioner William Robert Kefford. The contingent also has its own Gurkha Band Contingent, the Gurkha Contingent Pipes and Drums Platoon, which is part of the Singapore Police Force Band.

The rank structure of the GC has remained largely unchanged over the years, thus retaining several ranks which have since been abolished in the rest of the police force. It is currently the only unit to retain the rank of Chief Inspector, and to recruit new officers as Police Constables as opposed to regular officers in the rest of the SPF who start from a minimum rank of Sergeant.

Deployment

Before the September 11 attacks in 2001, the GC was seldom seen in public besides being stationed at key locations such as The Istana, and the homes of VIPs such as former Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew and the President of Singapore. Only those who spoke English were assigned to protect VIP homes. They were also seen stationed at important foreign properties such as the British High Commission and installations which require added security such as the Currency House at Pasir Panjang.

Changing security concerns since 2001 has led to a more active deployment of GC troopers in recent years, and a review of their existing roles. Previously known for standing guard atop lookout towers at Changi Prison where the country's top criminals are housed, this role has since been outsourced to private auxiliary police forces in the mid-2000s with the liberalization of the private armed security industry.

Besides guarding key installations, Gurkha troopers are increasingly deployed during key national events. They are deployed during the annual National Day Parade, and complimented the police's stringent security measures during the 117th IOC Session held in Singapore in July 2005. They also watch over sealed ballot boxes during the country's general elections. Most recently, the GC was involved in the hunt for escaped detainee Mas Selamat bin Kastari and 2013 Little India riots. GCs are capable of VIP protection, and terrain tracking as well as public order incident. The Contingent was also used to protect the Capella Resort venue which hosted the 2018 summit between Kim Jong-un and Donald Trump.

On 18 March 2004, three armed fugitives escaped from Johor, Malaysia, after committing armed robbery, and fled by a motorized sampan to Pulau Tekong. Over 700 personnel from the police and the SAF were activated, with the first fugitive captured by the Gurkha officers within 34 hours from the commencement of the search operation. The second fugitive was arrested by the Police Coast Guard's Special Task Squadron officers, while the last man was again caught by the GC six hours after the second arrest.

The GC has also contributed to Singapore's overseas security and humanitarian missions. For example, GC officers were part of a 40-man Singapore Police Contingent to the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor in 2000. They also joined a 30-man team to Iraq to help train about 1,500 local Iraqi trainers and police officers for three months before returning to Singapore on 19 September 2003.

Social life and impact
During the operation to separate the conjoined twins Ganga and Jamuna at the Singapore General Hospital in November 2001, the Gurkha community helped to raise funds for the medical procedure and daily expenses, accommodated the family at their Mount Vernon home for a period of time, and assisting in making logistical arrangements for the family's transportation and other needs.

title: Gurkha Contingent


text:
Golden Week (China)

The Golden Week, in the People's Republic of China, is the name given to three separate 7-day or 8-day national holidays which were implemented in 2000:
 * Chunyun, the Golden Week around the Chinese New Year, begins in January or February.
 * The "Labor Day (May Day) Golden Week" begins May 1 and was reintroduced in 2019 after discontinuation in 2007.
 * The "National Day Golden Week" begins around October 1. If Mid-Autumn Festival is near National Day, the Golden Week may be 8 days long.

Three or four (if Mid-Autumn Festival is near National Day) days of paid leave are given, and surrounding weekends rescheduled so that workers always have seven or eight continuous days off. These national holidays were first started by the government for the PRC's National Day in 1999, and are primarily intended to help expand the domestic tourism market and improve the national standard of living, as well as allowing people to make long-distance family visits. The Golden Weeks are consequently periods of greatly heightened travel activity.

Controversy and evolution
In 2004, there were calls to shorten Golden Week's duration due to its disruption of the regular economy.

In 2006, delegates to the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference brought up proposals to cancel both the National Day and May Day Golden Weeks, arguing that the holidays have not achieved significant results in promoting internal consumption, which was the original intention for these long holiday weeks. Rather, the delegates said, these Golden Weeks have disrupted people's regular 5-day weekly schedule and is increasingly impeding commerce and international trade, as many key government agencies, especially those related to customs, tax/tariff collection, and legal affairs, are shut down for seven days. Instead, they proposed, these days off should be spread out to other traditional holidays not currently recognized as public holidays, including Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, and Qingming Festival. Golden Weeks were sustained as weekly holidays through 2007.

On December 16, 2007, China's official Xinhua News Agency reported that the Chinese population was to have a further three national holidays and lose only one of its golden weeks, the May Day holiday, according to the calendar reform that the government has approved. May Day itself now became a one-day holiday. Three traditional festivals—Mid-Autumn Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, and Qingming Festival—were added to the list of public holidays. The Chinese New Year and National Day would remain three-day holidays, though in the Chinese New Year extra holiday days are de facto added by adjusting the weekend days before and after the three days holiday, resulting in a full week of public holiday. According to Xinhua, with this calendar revision, the Chinese government aimed to recover the customs associated with traditional festivals and balance tourist demand during the weeks of holidays. In practice, the new calendar, which came into force on January 1, 2008, would increase national holidays from 10 to 11 days. A spokesperson for the National Commission for Development and Reform said that the new plan would ratify Chinese traditions, better distribute holidays and prevent the "overcrowding" of the "golden weeks" when more people travel during the new holidays and during the periods of paid holidays.

In 2020, the Chinese government reported that more than 637 million people traveled within China, creating around 466 billion yuan ($68.6 billion) in tourism revenue, during their country's annual "Golden Week", despite being in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic.

title: Golden Week (China)


text:
Template talk:Vw4

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title: Template talk:Vw4


text: Category:Theatre in Chile

title: Category:Theatre in Chile


text: File:SLC Punk.jpg

title: File:SLC Punk.jpg


text:
Notation3

Notation3, or N3 as it is more commonly known, is a shorthand non-XML serialization of Resource Description Framework models, designed with human-readability in mind: N3 is much more compact and readable than XML RDF notation. The format is being developed by Tim Berners-Lee and others from the Semantic Web community. A formalization of the logic underlying N3 was published by Berners-Lee and others in 2008.

N3 has several features that go beyond a serialization for RDF models, such as support for RDF-based rules. Turtle is a simplified, RDF-only subset of N3.

Examples
The following is an RDF model in standard XML notation:

may be written in Notation3 like this:

This N3 code above would also be in valid Turtle syntax.

title: Notation3


text: Category:Theatre in Brazil

title: Category:Theatre in Brazil


text:
William Crabtree

William Crabtree (1610–1644) was an English astronomer, mathematician, and merchant from Broughton, then in the Hundred of Salford, Lancashire, England. He was one of only two people to observe and record the first predicted transit of Venus in 1639.

Life and work
Crabtree was born in 1610 in the hamlet of Broughton Spout, which was on the east bank of the River Irwell, near the area now known as "The Priory" in Broughton, Salford and was educated at the Manchester Grammar School. He married into a wealthy family and worked as a merchant in Manchester. In his spare time, his great interest was astronomy. He carefully measured the movements of the planets and undertook precise astronomical calculations. With improved accuracy, he rewrote the existing Rudolphine Tables of Planetary Positions.

Crabtree corresponded with Jeremiah Horrocks, another enthusiastic amateur astronomer, from 1636. A group of astronomers from the north of England, which included William Gascoigne, formed around them and were Britain's first followers of the astronomy of Johannes Kepler. "Nos Keplari" as the group called themselves, were distinguished as being the first people to gain a realistic notion of the size of the Solar System. Crabtree and Horrocks were the only astronomers to observe, plot, and record the transit of Venus across the Sun, as predicted by Horrocks, on 24 November 1639 Julian calendar (4 December Gregorian calendar). The two correspondents both recorded the event in their own homes and it is not known whether they ever met in person, but Crabtree's calculations were crucial in allowing Horrocks to estimate the size of Venus and the distance from the Earth to the Sun. Unfortunately, Horrocks died early in 1641 – the day before he was due to meet Crabtree. Crabtree made his will on 19 July 1644, and was buried within the precincts of the Manchester Collegiate Church on 1 August 1644, close to where he had received his education.

The recording of the transit is now seen by many as the birth of modern astronomy in Britain, and indeed, John Flamsteed later said that the work of Horrocks and his north country colleagues laid much of the foundation upon which his work as Astronomer Royal would stand.

Commemorations
Crabtree is celebrated in one of the Manchester Murals in the Great Hall of Manchester Town Hall, where a romanticised depiction of his recording of the transit can be seen (pictured) entitled Crabtree watching the transit of Venus AD 1639 painted by the artist Ford Madox Brown in 1881.

On 9 June 2004, the day after a transit occurred as predicted by Horrocks, a commemorative street nameplate in memory of William Crabtree was unveiled at the junction of Lower Broughton Road and Priory Grove which marks the northern boundary of Crabtree Croft. A commemorative plaque was unveiled a few yards away in December 2005, at Ivy Cottage 388-90 Lower Broughton Road, which is thought most likely to have been the home of Crabtree and his family at the time when he was collaborating with Horrocks.

The second transit of the pair occurred on 5 and 6 June 2012 and a celebration was held at Ivy cottage, when NASA broadcast a recreation of the observation, inspired by the Ford Madox Brown mural, to millions of viewers and projected a live stream of the transit from Hawaii on the side of the house.

Minor planet 4137 Crabtree is named after him.

title: William Crabtree


text:
Bowdoin Street

Bowdoin Street in Boston, Massachusetts, extends from the top of Beacon Street, down Beacon Hill to Cambridge Street, near the West End. It was originally called "Middlecott Street" as early as the 1750s. In 1805 it was renamed after the Governor James Bowdoin.

Location and description
Bowdoin is situated on the north side of Beacon Hill, and runs north to south. It is primarily a residential street. Topographically, Bowdoin Street is a hill from Cambridge Street at the bottom to its north, and Beacon Street at the top to its south.

Residences
The street is flanked on both sides by apartment complexes. Lindsay Place dominates the western side, with four buildings built in 1886 which are protected historic buildings. Bowdoin Place, completed in 2003, extends along the street's eastern half.

In the 18th century Governor James Bowdoin lived at the corner of Beacon and Bowdoin Streets. He had "one of the largest gardens of that day [in Boston], ... a large house and an extensive lot of land. ... He had a garden abounding in the finest fruits—pears and peaches, apples and grapes." At the turn of the 19th century, Joseph Coolidge, Sr., lived here in a large house built by architect Charles Bulfinch. Bulfinch himself lived on Bowdoin Street, briefly. From 1946 to his death, John F. Kennedy kept an apartment at 122 Bowdoin Street.

Government buildings
The Massachusetts State House faces Beacon Street with several entrances from Bowdoin Street. Ashburton Place, which contains other state and local offices, is also accessible from Bowdoin.

Businesses
The few businesses on Bowdoin are restaurants, including Grotto (between 33 and 45 Bowdoin) and the Dunkin' Donuts at the corner. Duck-Boat operators' patter refers to the coffee shop as "the only place in town where you can get a cappuccino and sushi at once." The Osaka Sushi place shares the building with the doughnut shop and a deli.

There are two bars on the street. At the north end, the Red Hat, known for its pitchers of Mud Slides and other frozen drinks, is referred to as "Old Scollay's Red Hat." The other bar, at the south end, is the "Twenty-First Amendment," named for the Constitutional amendment to repeal alcohol prohibition in the United States.

Church
St. John the Evangelist Episcopal Church is on Bowdoin Street. Solomon Willard designed it. "The church building, made of stone in a gothic style, was erected in 1831 by Congregationalist Christians. From 1863–83, it was occupied by the Church of the Advent (which afterwards moved to its current location on Brimmer Street). In 1883, the building became the Mission Church of St. John the Evangelist under the auspices of the Society of St. John the Evangelist, a monastic order. After building a new monastery on Memorial Drive in Cambridge, the SSJE brothers continued their mission work at St. John's. In 1985, almost a century after the brothers established the mission church here, St. John's became a Parish Church in the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts."

The Square
Bowdoin Square was put to rest in about 1955, but lives on as a subway station, called appropriately, "Bowdoin." It is at one end of the Blue Line of the MBTA.

title: Bowdoin Street


text:
SS Caribou

SS Caribou was a Newfoundland Railway passenger ferry that ran between Port aux Basques, in the Dominion of Newfoundland, and North Sydney, Nova Scotia between 1928 and 1942. During the Battle of the St. Lawrence the ferry participated in thrice-weekly convoys between Nova Scotia and Newfoundland. A German submarine attacked the convoy on 14 October 1942 and Caribou was sunk. She had women and children on board, and many of them were among the 137 who died. Her sinking, and large death toll, made it clear that the war had really arrived on Canada's and Newfoundland's home front. Her sinking is cited by many historians as the most significant sinking in Canadian-controlled waters during the Second World War.

Construction
Caribou was built in 1925 at Rotterdam, the Netherlands, for the Newfoundland Railway. Launched in 1925, she produced 3000 hp and was able to reach a speed of 14.5 kn when fully loaded. She also had steam-heat and electric lights in all of her cabins, which were a luxury at the time. Also, due to her ice-breaking design, Caribou also assisted during the seal hunt along the Newfoundland coast each spring.

Sinking
On 13 October 1942, Caribou was part of the Sydney-Port aux Basques (SPAB) convoy, organized by the Royal Canadian Navy base HMCS Protector. The SPAB series of convoys usually occurred three times a week, and was carried out in darkness. HMCS Grandmère, a Bangor-class minesweeper was the naval escort vessel on this ill-fated voyage.

The German submarine GS U-69 (1940) was also patrolling the Gulf of St. Lawrence. It was a dark evening, and the heavy smoke from Caribou's coal-fired steam boilers silhouetted her against the nighttime horizon. At 3:51 a.m. Newfoundland Summer Time, on 14 October 1942, she was torpedoed approximately 20 nmi southwest of Port aux Basques and sank five minutes later. Grandmère spotted the submarine and tried to ram her, but, U-69 quickly submerged. Over the next two hours, the minesweeper launched six depth charges, but did not damage the submarine, and U-69 crept away into the Atlantic undetected. Following procedure, Grandmère then went back for survivors. In the days after the sinking, the Canadian naval vessel was criticized in the Sydney Post-Record and The Globe and Mail – as well as other media outlets – for not immediately stopping and helping save survivors; but that was against operating procedures, and would have placed the minesweeper in immediate danger of being sunk as well. After picking up survivors, Grandmère sailed for Sydney because it had better hospital facilities than Port aux Basques.

Caribou was carrying 46 crew members and 191 civilian and military passengers. The ship's longtime captain, Benjamin Tavernor, was commanding the ship as she was struck, and perished along with his sons Stanley and Harold, who served as first and third officers respectively. Of the deceased, two were rescued at first, but they later died from exposure to the cold water. 137 people died that morning, and the passenger and crew totals were broken down as follows: of 118 military personnel, 57 died; of 73 civilians, 49 died; of the 46 crew members, 31 died. 34 bodies were found and brought to Port aux Basques by fishing schooners chartered by the Newfoundland Railway Company. To prevent rumours, the Royal Canadian Navy allowed the Sydney Post-Record and other media outlets to report the sinking, almost as soon as it happened, one of the few times that war censorship was temporarily lifted in this period. The sinking made front-page news in both The Toronto Daily Star and The Globe and Mail newspapers later that week.

Memorialized
In 1986, the CN Marine/Marine Atlantic ferry MV Caribou was named after SS Caribou. She plied the same route as the original ferry, travelling between North Sydney and Port aux Basques. On her maiden voyage, 12 May 1986, the ship stopped at the location where its predecessor sank. At approximately 5:30 a.m., survivor Mack Piercey, one of 13 survivors on board for the occasion, tossed a poppy-laden memorial wreath into the ocean and then the ship continued on to Port aux Basques to complete the voyage.

In 2014, as part of a special dedication service in the town of Port Hawkesbury's Veterans Memorial Park, SS Caribou's passengers and crew were honoured. Part of the dedication service included the unveiling of the anchor from the decommissioned MV Caribou as a new feature for the memorial.

The Canadian Government announced that their new Arctic/Offshore Patrol Ship (AOPS) HMCS Margaret Brooke was being named for a Royal Canadian Navy Nursing Sister who was decorated for her bravery during the sinking of Caribou.

Popular culture

 * Caribou was featured on a 2¢ Newfoundland postage stamp in 1926.
 * In the Canadian series Bomb Girls, Caribou is mentioned to have sunk the previous day which gave the people of the home front a shock.

title: SS Caribou


text:
Talk:Kahului Airport

OGG
Does anyone know the story behind the OGG identifier for the airport? - C HAIRBOY (☎) 16:40, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

United Airlines
I believe that United Airlines also flies to Kona from Kahului. This flight is a segment of its ORD-OGG-KOA-ORD flight. Am I not right? If I am, Kona should also be listed as a destination under United Airlines
 * Technically, that's correct, though as Kona International Airport's article states, it's largely because of technical limitations that it has to triangle out to Kona (Kahului's runway is too short). KeithH 02:23, 12 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Per United's booking engine, service from Kahului/Maui to Chicago is now nonstop as UA348 but it is a seasonal flight. 97.85.113.113 (talk) 19:18, 6 August 2015 (UTC)

US/AA
Please see and/or discuss at Talk:US Airways. We are now adding a footnote to US Airways saying that US flights will become AA flights on October 17, 2015. 97.85.113.113 (talk) 19:17, 6 August 2015 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Kahului Airport


text:
Sequestrant

A sequestrant is a food additive which improves the quality and stability of foods. A sequestrant forms chelate complexes with polyvalent metal ions, especially copper, iron and nickel. This can prevent the oxidation of the fats in the food. Sequestrants are therefore a type of preservative.

The name comes from Latin and means "to withdraw from use".

Common sequestrants are:
 * Calcium chloride (E509)
 * Calcium acetate (E263)
 * Calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate (E385)
 * Glucono delta-lactone (E575)
 * Sodium gluconate (E576)
 * Potassium gluconate (E577)
 * Sodium tripolyphosphate (E451)
 * Sodium hexametaphosphate (E452i)

Sodium and calcium salts of EDTA are also commonly used in many foods and beverages.

title: Sequestrant


text:
Battle of Bud Bagsak

The Battle of Bud Bagsak took place during the Moro Rebellion phase of the Philippine–American War fought between June 11 and 15, 1913. The defending Moro fighters were fortified at the top of Mount Bagsak on the island of Jolo, Sulu. The attacking Americans were led by General John 'Black Jack' Pershing. The Moros were entirely annihilated, including their leader, Datu Amil.

Background
In March 1913, Datu Amil and 1,500 warriors negotiated with the Sultan of Sulu and other Moros allied with the Americans, pledging to surrender their weapons. Two months later, having retreated to Bud Bagsak with his entire population of 6,000-10,000 in the Lati Ward, he told the Americans to "come on and fight".

Noticing the Moros only fled to Bud Bagsak when provoked by government troops, General John J. Pershing devised a policy of keeping the troops in their island garrisons in the hopes the women and children would come down from the mountain cottas (fortified earthworks which were surrounded by deep ditches and camouflaged pits containing bamboo shafts on which to impale their enemies ). At the same time, Pershing secretly landed his force at the coastal town of Bun Bun, three and a half miles from Bud Bagsak. Pershing's force consisted of the 51st and 52nd Companies of Moro Scouts from Basilan and Siasi, besides the Philippine Scouts from Jolo and fifty troopers from the 8th Cavalry Regiment.

The horseshoe-shaped volcanic crater, open on the northwest at a knoll called Languasan, was protected by five cottas, Bunga, Bagsak, Puhagan, Matunkup and Puyacabao, ranging from 1,440 to 1,900 feet in elevation.

Battle
Pershing made Languasan his first objective as a place for his artillery and to block any escape, sending Major George C. Shaw with Company M of the 8th Infantry and the 40th Company of Philippine Scouts. Pershing also sent Capt. George Charlton and his 51st Moros to attack Matunkup while Capt. Taylor Nichols' Philippine Scouts attacked Puyacabao. By 12:20 PM, Matunkup was in American hands, and earned 2nd Lt. Louis Mosher a Medal of Honor. Puyacabao fell by 12:30 PM. That ended the first day of fighting, June 11.

Early on the morning of June 12, the American artillery fired on Puhagan while marksmen fired on its interior, killing Datu Amil. Pershing then ordered Capt. Patrick Moylan to attack Bunga with the 24th and 31st Scouts, taking it by 1:30 PM. Pershing, James Lawton Collins, and a ten-man escort scouted Bagsak, which convinced Pershing to bring up his artillery on June 14 and attack from the south.

The attack began in Sunday morning fog, June 15, with mountain howitzers and Charlton's Moros advancing at 9 AM. When the assault stalled, Pershing joined other American officers in the forefront of danger, helping stop a Moro counterattack. The final assault on the cotta occurred at 5 PM and Bagsak was captured after three and a half hours.

Aftermath
The Battle of Bud Bagsak was the last major battle of the Moro Rebellion, and as a result is widely considered as marking the end of the rebellion, and the Philippine–American War by extension. Several smaller skirmishes between Moro bands and Philippine Constabulary forces occurred in the following months, with the last of these clashes taking place in Talipao in October 1913. General Pershing in a letter to his wife, wrote: "The fighting was the fiercest I have ever seen. They are absolutely fearless, and once committed to combat they count death as a mere incident."

Pershing was relieved of his post as governor of Moro Province in December 1913 by Philippine Governor-General Francis Burton Harrison and replaced by Frank Carpenter, a civilian official. Carpenter initiated negotiations with Sultan Jamalul Kiram II of the defeated Sultanate of Sulu, which concluded with the Sultanate's dissolution in March 1915, giving the United States complete, uncontested control over the entire Philippine archipelago.

title: Battle of Bud Bagsak


text:
Bahrain National Stadium

Bahrain National Stadium (ستاد البحرين الوطني; transliterated: Stād al-Bahrayn al-Watanī) is the national stadium of Bahrain, located in Riffa. It can accommodate 24,000 spectators and is used mostly for football matches.

It was built in 1982 and was renovated in December 2012 for the 21st Arabian Gulf Cup.

Pope Francis held a holy papal mass on November 5, 2022, in the Bahrain National Stadium, which was temporarily refitted to accommodate the event. The mass was attended by members of the public and was conducted in the presence of King Hamad bin Isa Alkhalifa. A temporary center stage was set up in the stadium to host the Pope and the King during the mass. This marks the first time that a pope has conducted a mass in Bahrain, and the event was widely publicized and covered by media outlets around the world. The papal mass was part of Pope Francis' efforts to promote interfaith dialogue and cooperation.

title: Bahrain National Stadium


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Paper Computer Game

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 05:58, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

Paper Computer Game
Appears to be a hoax. I can find no record anywhere of any of the titles or companies mentioned in the article. Haeleth 16:41, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. Haeleth
 * This afd nomination was orphaned. Listing now.  No opinion. —Cryptic (talk) 18:37, 19 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is... bizarre, really. I'm going to have to call this a hoax; it just doesn't make any sense to me, and I think it's fair to say that I'm rather well-informed on the games front, both in digital and pen and paper formats. Even if this thing really exists, which I very much doubt, I don't think it's notable (though I'd be very interested in learning more about it!). -- Captain Disdain 20:00, 19 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. I think this should be verifyd before the votes are counted. It doesn't sound like turd and it may be notable.  freshgavin TALK  02:21, 20 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I do think this is a hoax. First of all, the article refers to the "now obsolete 'Graphical Adventure' genre of computer games"; that genre is not obsolete by any means, and anyone interested enough in games to write an article about this and knowledgeable enough to mention various adventure games by name would most likely be aware of this. Secondly, I can't find any meaningful Google hits for "Chris DeLuca", "XaQ", "BronzeCo", "Elven Publishing Inc." "Till Time Do Us Part" or any other terms mentioned on the article that aren't Wikipedia mirrors. If this was a notable game, it'd be just about guaranteed that someone would talk about it on the net; even if it wasn't, I should be able to get at least one hit that would refer to one of these companies or people. Thirdly, there is absolutely no reference to how these games are supposedly played. Are they like pen and paper RPGs? Do they have rules? Are they like "choose your own adventure" books? The plotlines and whatnot seem extremely convoluted and complex, yet we are given absolutely no information on how these games supposedly work. I find this significant because there's no way it would work without a very elaborate and thought-out setup, and that in itself would have to be such an inherent part of the game that not referring to it at all in any way makes me suspicious. Fourthly... seriously, man, just read the article -- most of the stuff is just nonsensical. And finally, looking at the article's history, I see that when the article was first created, someone from the same IP address added typos on purpose to another article just a few hours later. It's possible that the IP was acquired by another Wikipedia editor in that time, but still it's something to think about. -- Captain Disdain 22:36, 20 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. If it were more carefully written, I'd say it should be moved to Uncyclopedia or to Bad Jokes And Other Deleted Nonsense, because it has a lot of charm and humor.  If it had a user associated with it, I'd say move it to user space.  Too bad... TECannon 07:58, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Slavyansk-on-Kuban

Slavyansk-on-Kuban (Славянск-на-Кубани) is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia, located in the Kuban River delta. Population:   56,000 (1975).

History
Slavyansk originated in the Middle Ages as Copa or Coparia, a Genoese trade outpost controlled by the Ghisolfi family and was one of the most important Genoese colonies in the Black Sea area. After the fall of the Genoese power in the Pontic region, the site was abandoned until 1747 when the Crimean Khanate erected a small fort, known in Russian sources as Kopyl.

After the conquest of the Taman Peninsula by the Russian Empire, the Tatar fort gave way to the Cossack stanitsa of Kopylskaya. In 1865, it was renamed after the Slavyansky regiment that had been quartered there under Catherine the Great. In 1958, it was incorporated as the town of Slavyansk-na-Kubani (so called in order to distinguish it from the eponymous city in Ukraine).. The history of Slavyansk dates backs to the end of the 18th century. This town was a fortress founded by General Suvorov to defend the southern borders of Russia. In 1865 the fortress became a Cossack stanitsa. During World War II this town was occupied by the Germans in 1942-3 and it was re-occupied by The Red Army in 1943. The town features monuments to those who were lost in the war. The city was the administrative center of the Tamansky Otdel of the Kuban Oblast.

According to the 1926 Soviet Census, the town accounted for over 69% of Ukrainians.

Toponymy
The town's name is derived from the name of the village Slavyanskaya in 1958. Slavyansk has already existed since the USSR in the Donetsk region so a city name added clarification "-on-Kuban". The name was given to the village by name strengthen "Slavic feldshanets" Slavic Hussars, which had been under the command of Alexander Suvorov on the right bank of the Kuban.

Different sources give different emphasis to the name “Slavyansk” - on the first and the second syllable, however, the locals accepted the name Slavyansk on the first syllable, although it contradicts the rules of the Russian language.

Geography
The city is located on the banks of the Protoka river that flows to the Kuban Delta, 68 km from Krasnodar. Floor space is 20 square kilometers, along the administrative border - 39,5 km ².

There is a railway station on Protoka Timashyovsk line - Crimea.

Economy

 * Production of petroleum products
 * Food industry: wine, canning, butter and cheese factories, rice and grain plants, poultry farm
 * Light industry: garment factory
 * Construction materials productions

Agriculture
Slavyansky district is one of the largest agricultural areas of Kuban with a predominance of land cultivation. Grain crops occupy two-thirds of the planted area. The leading direction is the production of rice. More than 30% of the total crop of Kuban rice is harvested in the Slavyansky district. In the region and beyond are widely known products of the agricultural company named "Garden-giant". It is the largest garden in Europe. According to the gross harvest of fruits and berries (annual production is more than 30 thousand tons), the company ranks first in the region (26% of the total volume). Also animal husbandry and fisheries are developed.

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Slavyansk-na-Kubani serves as the administrative center of Slavyansky District, even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Slavyansk-na-Kubani—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts. As a municipal division, the Town of Slavyansk-na-Kubani is incorporated within Slavyansky Municipal District as Slavyanskoye Urban Settlement.

Attraction

 * Slavonic Museum of Local HistorySlavonic Museum of Local History.jpg
 * Slavonic Museum of Nature MUK
 * Dormition Cathedral (1907), designed by the famous architect of the Kuban Kosyakin
 * Monument to A.V. Suvorov
 * Walk of fame
 * A Monument to Taman participants march of the Red Army

Education
There are 91 educational institutions, including schools - 50
 * The branch of the Kuban State University
 * Slavonic Agricultural College
 * Professional school No. 45
 * Professional school No. 20
 * Slavonic branch of the Novorossiysk College of Medicine
 * Slavonic branch of the College of Technology, Economics and Law named after AA Vyazemsky
 * Branch of Moscow State University of Technology and management. K. Razumovsky
 * Branch of Moscow State Technological Academy
 * Anapa Branch Industrial Technical

The festival of Slavonic Culture
Of all festivals in the Slavonic calendar, the Festival of the Slavonic Culture is without doubt the most important and colorful. The full name of the holiday - the Day of Slavic Writing and Culture. There are many talented people on the festival. In Slavonic region gather guests from near and far abroad, the inhabitants of the Kuban and other regions of Russia, to share part of their soul, carefully storing a wealth of national cultures. Many pies, soup and dumplings is cooked. Slavonic hut works during the festival. The keeping traditions is very importance in this region. People are proud of the traditions of their country, so they pass them from ancestors to descendants. The organizers are the Federal Agency for Culture and Cinematography of the Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications of the Russian Federation, the regional branch of the All-Russian political party "United Russia", the administration of the Krasnodar Territory, the administration of the Slavonic area. The history of the festival began in 2004, when the provincial town of Slavyansk with 60-thousand population dared to conduct review of the Slavic culture of international scope. For four years, the festival has gained popularity is constantly increasing the number of participants. This year, the city once again welcomes guests from different countries to share the wealth of national cultures and feel belonging to the Slavic community. The traditional procession of delegations and the parade of brass bands, large dance of friendship and fiery extravaganza, a mini-festival "Filling an apple" on the territory of the agricultural firm "Garden-Giant" and the festival of children's groups "Joy", an entertainment program "Dancing until the morning"as well as a gala concert and a grand fireworks display in the festival program.

Notable people

 * Aleksey Miranchuk (1995) - Russian footballer
 * Anton Miranchuk (1995) - Russian footballer

Transportation

 * Slavyansk-na-Kubani Airport

title: Slavyansk-on-Kuban


text: Category:Theatre of China

title: Category:Theatre of China


text:
Rock and the Pop Narcotic

Rock and the Pop Narcotic is a 1990 book of popular music criticism by Joe Carducci. (Revised edition 1995.)

Rock and the Pop Narcotic is perhaps the only book of popular music criticism that attempts to achieve a genuine aesthetic of rock music. Other works, such as Richard Meltzer's The Aesthetics of Rock or Simon Frith's Performing Rites: On the Value of Popular Music, either focus on lyrical content or on the sociology of the music's listeners. Rock and the Pop Narcotic is both a critique of the sociological approach and a polemic in favour of the music's artistic qualities.

The Book's Argument
Carducci seeks to distinguish rock music from pop music.

He regards the rock as an "artistic form" and the pop music as, if anything, a marketing concept. Rock, in Carducci's view, is "rock and roll music made conscious of itself as a small band music".

Unlike many writers on pop music, he has no truck with the idea that popularity is an index of quality; this attitude leads him to dismiss many major performers, such as U2 and Bruce Springsteen, as artistically null. On the other hand, his obsessive search for music that displays the qualities he regards as intrinsic to rock music leads him to champion such relatively obscure bands as Saint Vitus, Bloodrock, Sproton Layer and The Sylvia Juncosa Band.

The Book's Structure
Though the book has grown in length since the first edition the essential structure remains the same. The book is divided into two parts, The Riff and The Solo followed by several appendices that gather miscellaneous pieces and ephemera.

R&tPN opens with The Riff which is divided into five chapters:

I  The King of It & The King of Thing: Outlines the basic argument for the book and describes Carducci's theory of how rock music works. II Television and Mutation: Documents what he sees as the profound negative impact of television on American culture.

III The Whole World's Switching the Channel: How mass media and other cultural forces have shaped the music business.

IV None Dare Call it Reason: How the music business has warped the music itself.

V  Narcorockcritocracy!: The complicity of the rock criticism establishment in the decline of the music.

After a middle section of several band photographs the book continues with The Solo which contains one chapter:

I  The Psychozoic Hymnal: A decade-by-decade evaluation of rock bands. Each subsection begins with a listing of and short comment on the best rock artists of the decade in Carducci's view. It then moves onto a more general discussion of the musical trends of the decade and more band evaluations.

The book closes with several appendices which include radio show playlists, catalogs from his time at Systematic, gig posters from Black Flag, Saccharine Trust, etc.

Reception
The book was originally published in a relatively small edition in November 1990. In 1994, Carducci revised it and it was republished by Henry Rollins' 2.13.61 press.

The initial reaction from much of the mainstream rock press was largely a mixture of indifference and hostility. Carducci's tendency was directly counter to the politically progressive and relatively mainstream attitude of such writers as Dave Marsh or Greil Marcus, neither of whom answered the charges Carducci made against them (of ignoring quality music for political reasons).

Only Robert Christgau in the Village Voice praised it in public, calling it "important if not terribly good". Other reviewers took issue with what they perceived as Carducci's homophobia and right-wing politics.

During the rest of the 1990s the book gradually acquired cult status, with record producer Simon Napier-Bell citing it as one of his ten favourite music books in the UK's Guardian newspaper in 2001. Clinton Heylin included two chapters in The Penguin Anthology of Rock and Roll Writing, with the remark, "Rock and the Pop Narcotic...may well be the most important critique on rock music written in the last 10 years."

title: Rock and the Pop Narcotic


text: Talk:Rhine–Main–Danube Canal

title: Talk:Rhine–Main–Danube Canal


text: Category:Theatre in Colombia

title: Category:Theatre in Colombia


text:
William Walden Rubey

William Walden Rubey (December 19, 1898 – April 12, 1974) was an American geologist.

He was born in Moberly, Missouri. He attended the University of Missouri, and in 1920 he graduated with an A.B. degree. During the same year he married Susan Elsie Manovill, and joined the U.S. Geological Survey. He performed his graduate studies at Johns Hopkins University and Yale University.

During the Second World War he served as a scientific liaison to the U.S. Army for the Geological Survey. In 1950 he was the president of the Geological Society of America. From 1951 until 1954 he was the chairman of the National Research Council for the National Academy of Sciences. In 1960 he was appointed by the president to serve on the National Science Board for the National Science Foundation. The same year he was also appointed professor of geology and geophysics at UCLA, where he would remain until 1966 and be recalled each year thereafter. He served on the board of trustees for Science Service, now known as Society for Science & the Public, from 1956 to 1964. He also served in many other distinguished posts and positions.

After retiring from the U.S. Geological Survey, he joined the Lunar Science Institute (later renamed the Lunar and Planetary Institute) in 1968, serving as director from 1968 to 1971. He participated in the scientific examination of the Apollo program returned lunar samples until 1971.

He died of cancer in Santa Monica, California. During his career he made multiple contributions to the science of geology, including studies of the hydrology of streams, the geology of western Wyoming, seismic energy, mountain building from overthrust faulting, the growth of continents, the origins of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans, and the evolution of terrestrial planets.

Awards and honors

 * United States National Academy of Sciences member, 1945.
 * American Philosophical Society member, 1952.
 * American Academy of Arts and Sciences member, 1953.
 * National Medal of Science, 1965.
 * Penrose Medal of the Geological Society of America, 1963.
 * Four honorary degrees, including three doctorates.
 * The wrinkle ridge Dorsa Rubey on the Moon is named after him.

title: William Walden Rubey


text:
Democratic Labour Party (UK, 1998)

The Democratic Labour Party was a small British left-wing political party in Walsall, sometimes known as the Walsall Democratic Labour Party. It was founded as a breakaway from the Labour Party after left-wing members were expelled in the mid-1990s.

Origins 1995–1999
Dave Church (known as "Citizen Dave"), his deputy John Rothery, and others on the left of Walsall Labour Party had supported a policy of radical decentralisation of power since the early 1980s, but the right-wing of the party had held power as Metropolitan Borough of Walsall councillors, preventing the enactment of the policies. In May 1995, after three years during which the left-wing councillors were suspended from the party for 'operating their own caucus', the left gained control of the council. They sacked nine council department heads, proposing to replace them with 54 directly-elected neighbourhood councils. The spectre of the "Loony left" alarmed Labour Party central office, who suspended the district party that August. Church faced claims of 'intimidation tactics', and Church, Rothery and Brian Powell were expelled from the Labour Party by the National Executive Committee in November 1995 for running a "party within a party" called the Walsall Socialist Group. Eleven councillors in all broke away from the Labour Party.

The Democratic Labour Party was officially registered in 1999.

Electoral history
None of the 10 Democratic Labour candidates in the 1998 local elections won a seat, losing four seats including that of the deputy leader John Rothery to Labour. Labour returned to overall control of the council, and Democratic Labour were left with six councillors. The party lost its remaining seats in the 1999 election, three to Labour and three to the Conservatives, and despite standing 15 candidates at the 2000 election did not win back any seats.

Joined by other local left-wingers, they helped set up their local Socialist Alliance, and stood as candidates under its banner in elections until it was disbanded. Dave Church stood for the Socialist Alliance in Walsall North in the 2001 general election, gaining 410 votes (1.3%).

Return 2005–2016
In the 2005 general election, Church stood for Democratic Labour, again in Walsall North, receiving 770 votes (2.3%).

In 2007, Pete Smith won a council seat on Walsall Council from Labour in the Blakenall ward. Smith also stood in Walsall North and gained 842 votes, 2.3% of the vote at the 2010 general election. He lost his council seat in 2011 but was re-elected in 2012 on an anti-cuts platform; the DLP then affiliated to the Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition. In 2016, the DLP effectively ceased to exist for a second time when Smith lost his council seat in the local elections.

title: Democratic Labour Party (UK, 1998)


text:
Chester B. Jordan

Chester Bradley Jordan (October 15, 1839 – August 24, 1914) was an American teacher, lawyer, and Republican politician from Lancaster, New Hampshire.

Early life
Jordan was born October 15, 1839, in Colebrook, New Hampshire, to Johnson and Minerva (Buel) Jordan,

Coos Republican newspaper
In 1897 Jordan became the owner of the Coos Republican.

New Hampshire legislative service
Jordan served in both houses of the New Hampshire legislature and had the dual honor of heading both. He was Speaker of the House in 1881 and President of the Senate in 1896–1898.

Governor of New Hampshire
He served as the 48th governor of New Hampshire from 1901 to 1903.

Death and burial
Jordan died in 1914 in Lancaster, New Hampshire, where he is buried in Summer Street Cemetery.

title: Chester B. Jordan


text:
Template talk:Vw5

TfD debate
This template was redirected as a result of this TfD debate. -Splash talk 20:55, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Vw5


text:
SSCC

SSCC may refer to

 * Serial Shipping Container Code maintained by GS1
 * Silver State Classic Challenge, an Open Road Racing event in Nevada
 * Siren Song of the Counter Culture, an album by Rise Against
 * Smurfit-Stone Container
 * Songshan Cultural and Creative Park, a multi-functional park in Taipei, Taiwan
 * Southern State Community College in Ohio
 * Sulphide stress corrosion cracking

title: SSCC


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Piconjo

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete, apparently. (Someone didn't close the AFD properly.) - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 04:17, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

Piconjo
Delete, nn-bio. Tito xd (?!?) 16:46, 14 October 2005 (UTC) Don't delete. He's evil is very real. -- Nobody man
 * Delete, nn-bio per nom. --Gaff 17:28, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable, unverifiable. a ndroid 79  17:44, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete and Protect this has been deleted a dozen times already after a previous VfD. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 18:55, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It is, in fact, not a substantially similar recreation of the old article. After the anonymous author started vandalizing VfU with requests to undelete the original article (and threats to continue vandalizing until he got what he wanted), I blocked him and made him a deal: to be unblocked, he was to rescind the threat, write a NPOV treatment of the subject and abide by the community's consensus if it ended up at AfD again, and also not commit any more vandalism. To my knowledge, he has concentrated only on improving this article and has not messed with VfU or anything else. (I can't remember which IP he was editing from at the time; I'll find diffs if requested.) This should be allowed to remain on AfD for a full discussion. a ndroid 79  19:01, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * See User talk:206.176.119.180 for the deal. Vandalism warnings from today don't appear to be for this editor. a ndroid 79  19:08, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the background. I agree that the articles aren't the same, though I'd still consider this reasonable speedy-fodder as A7 nn-bio.  Doesn't hurt to let it wait out its time here though. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  19:10, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It wasn't identical, so I decided it might be better for it to be AFD'd than CSD'd. Tito xd (?!?) 17:30, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -Doc (?) 22:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as non-notable, despite his (tragic) death. I would consider this a borderline speedy candidate under other circumstances. - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 07:18, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: it's good that the editor is now trying to contribute according to Wikipedia rules, but unfortunate that a tragic death does not necessarily confer notability. If he signed up for an account, would userfication be acceptable? -- Kjkolb 07:46, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Probably not, since (as the subject is dead) this is presumably someone else entirely. It wouldn't really be user-page info, and would probably be seen as an end-run against well-established AfD consensus.  Still, that doesn't mean there's nowhere in the world this could be put... I wonder if Comixpedia takes articles about Flash animators. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  11:33, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per A Man in Black. Plus, the article seems hoaxish and unverifiable, in that one part says "Evidence points out that he might not even be a person, but maybe a shared account", but another flatly lists a date and cause of death. Hmmmph. MCB 23:02, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Piconjo