text:
Talk:Will & Grace/Archive 1

Untitled comments
I'm making this not a stub as I type, but I thought I'd point out, the actual title of the show is "Will & Grace" (IE: an ampersand and not the word "and" spelled out.) Someone should probably change this. - Anon

 * Done. You just click "Move this page" button. --Menchi (Talk)ü| â 08:41, 10 Dec 2003 (UTC)

It would be nice to have a screenshot -- I'm kind of new to this; Seinfeld for example has one with "fair use screenshot" on the photo details page. Could we get one for Will & Grace? --Junkyardprince 23:47, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Ok, maybe I'm a bit dumb, but hey! what's a lush? Selphie 12:19, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

"Lush" is US slang for a drunkard - a person who often gets drunk (according to my Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary). Chrysalis 18:16, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

thank you! Selphie 09:41, 25 Aug 2004 (UTC)

I am going to change the word lush as it is a word not really known outside the US. Gfad1 21:40, 2 May 2005 (UTC)

I changed the part about the beginning having Will fresh out of a long-term relationship that ended badly to Grace moving in with Will because of her relationship ending. I wouldn't have remembered this, but I've been watching the first season recorded on tapes lately. MardukZero 21:18, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Actually, both of those are true. Will had gotten out of a really involved relationship with Michael, and Grace left Danny at the altar. Mike H 08:39, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)

 * Ahh, right. I thought I recalled that, but I couldn't remember if Will and Michael had happened that soon before the series or not. MardukZero 20:25, 8 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Karen Walker
Karen is the only character with her own page and i think it would probably be appropriate to merge it into this page with new or extended sections on the three other major characters. What does everyone else think? Gfad1 21:39, 2 May 2005 (UTC)

 * I say write pages on the other characters. Mike H 02:03, May 3, 2005 (UTC)

will has had sex with two women does that make him bi?
will has had sex with two women does that make him bi?

 * No! Almost all gay men go through a time in which they are not sure whether they are gay or straight. Plus Will only slept with at least one of them for final proof if he was gay or not. Gfad1 07:53, 18 May 2005 (UTC)

no need to shout.

 * No! is not shouting. NO! would be shouting. :) Mike H 16:13, May 20, 2005 (UTC)

:)

 * lol:

ok what about Jack's being sexualy attracted to a striper he thought was female?

 * They explained all that away with the revelation that the stripper was really a man, so that was why he was attracted. Mike H 18:27, May 23, 2005 (UTC)

But he didn't know that at the time of the attraction.

 * This whole discussion is absolutely ridiculous. Someone is only bi if they call themselves bi. Sexuality is defined by the persons own perceptions and beliefs. Neither Will or Jack, and to cut you off before you bring them up Karen, Grace or Rosario, calls themselves bi, which means that none of them are bi. They all define themselves as either straight or gay, so can we please stop this stupid conversation. Gfad1 19:51, 24 May 2005 (UTC)

In that case...

So Will wasn't gay till he decided he was gay?

Broadcasters (2)
In France, Will & Grace is now aired on Canal +.

Boy Meets World???
Why is boy meets world part of the thing about the other shows that Will and Grace opened the door to? Boy Meets Worls was not a gay-themed show. Jwink3101 00:48, 16 March 2006 (UTC)]

 * Boy Meets Boy was the show. Not Boy Meets World.  tiZom(2¢)  18:14, 17 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I didn't catch that, thanks( Jwink3101 17:36, 31 March 2006 (UTC))

The fact that Boy Meets World had been running for like five seasons before this show aired shoulda tipped you off, pal.67.142.130.37 16:30, 9 June 2006 (UTC)

Untitled Comment
I just love the way it woked out. I'm gonna miss this show:( —Preceding unsigned comment added by 156.34.56.174 (talk • contribs)
 * That said, can someone put info from the last episode, and how things all turned out into the plot description? tiZom(2¢)  07:07, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

Broadcasters
In the Broadcasters section people keep adding UPN, FOX, and WB affiliates to the list. But that is syndication only. Not all of those affiliates have it, just in your area. Experience showed me this is vandalism! Unless further discussion occurs here. Matty-chan 16:34, 20 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Not vandalism. [Wikipedia] vandalism is defined as any addition, deletion, or change to content made in a deliberate attempt to reduce the quality of the encyclopedia.  Most people simply don't understand the difference.  I went ahead and added a comment in that section.  Hopefully, people will notice it while editing, and refer here.  tiZom(2¢)  20:13, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

I see. I just went through something similar. Matty-chan 21:23, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

Criticism
Aww no criticism of the show at all? ive seen many jokes made about will and grace
 * I agee. There needs to be some criticism acknowledged. --Navstar 04:10, 6 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Maybe some mention should be made that Will and Grace's relationship, if it occurred in real life, would be considered by psychology to be an extreme co-dependant and self destructive one.

 * Indeed, the women seem to have serious personal issues. Jack is more annoying than absurd.  They all seem to behave very irrationally.  The comedy itself is very stereotypical and unfortunately a little too predictable.  IIRC, from what limited viewing of this show I could tolerate, both Karen and Grace are both ethically and morally lacking.  Jack... Jack is not a real person, he's a caricature of all supposed behaviors of homosexual males outside normal behavior.  Will is the only character from the show I could even remotely identify with.

 * I never understood exactly WHY it received the awards that it did, but in general I don't watch many sitcoms, so I lack knowledge of the competition. (Third Rock from the Sun, Scrubs, Seinfeld all seem to be mightily humorous in relation.   Ellen Degeneres, as an actor and from what few snippets I've seen of her sitcom, is a riot.

 * The show also strikes me as a little blackfaced, and I'm sure I'm not the only person who would feel this way. I've tried justifying my feelings here, but failed.  But I can't deny my feelings on this regard.  I am not homosexual, so I can't take offense precisely like a black man would take blackface, but when I see these shallow characters take part in this.... there's just something terribly wrong.

 * Speaking as an African-American and as a gay male I think the term blackface would be taking it to an extreme. The Only Character in the series who could possibly be described as such is Jack, who, on a number of occasions, has displayed some very non-stereotypical, very real emotions. As long as we are talking about the blackface syndrome in comedy, how do you explain Dave Chappelle or Carlos Mencia? Both comedians take stereotypes to a much further extreme than Will & Grace ever did.Bookkeeperoftheoccult 09:51, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Other comedic themes... I lack the language to describe. Maybe I can describe it as "People performing an idiotic series of actions and then having to deal with the consequences."  Most comedy can be described that way, but the way Will & Grace (the show) deals with it is in the realm of the totally unbelievable.  I find it absurd that I could even laugh at it. Root4(one) 16:27, 16 January 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't find the reality of Will & Grace anymore "absurd" than FRIENDS or any other sit com really.Bookkeeperoftheoccult 09:51, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Ok it was suggested that some criticism should be introduced, instead we have people using big words for their big egos to attack a shw they didn't understand. The show was gay people simply laughing at themselves, a gay writer shgowing how homosexuals can poke fun at things that they relate too. It's just over the top comedy, nothing sinister. It was made to entertain nothing more, if you found it stupid ok! If you found it offensive, then you are simply gravitating towards certain aspects that are meant to be taken in a light hearted way

I think it's the lack of good sitcoms with gay characters out there that makes the gay community embrace this mediocre show. If there were more interesting gay characters on TV, especially in sitcoms, Will & Grace would not be funny anymore. --Anjingbuduk 15:51, 22 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I've generally called this the gay Amos and Andy. Lycurgus 11:02, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

Well I don't intend to be mean, but thr kind of people who write in encyclopedias would never understand the type of comedy in this show. Anyway lets not have a bitch fest, stating your opinion about it is silly

 * Just to play fair- I found one article of Criticism on Will & GraceBookkeeperoftheoccult 10:12, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I removed the 'criticism' added by 68.77.10.118 recently, as it was the opposite of criticism. I reverted back to the original info added a bit more criticism that I located. --Pisceandreams 22:37, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

Laila
In the finale episode where Grace is helping her daughter move into her dorm you can read on the boxes "Laila's Room". Im changing all occurances of Lila to Laila. Gfad1 20:48, 21 June 2006 (UTC)
 * You must have missed half the article, because so far, I've counted the daughter's name as being Lila, Laila, and Lyla. Anyone know the 'actual' spelling of her name??? 216.39.200.103 06:15, 14 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Gfad1 is correct. You can clearly see the name "Laila" written on the boxes Grace was carrying to her daughter's dorm room.

 * Well, I just checked this out on the series finale DVD and while one can read "Laila" on the boxes Grace is holding, (actually it's spelled "LaiLa"), the closing credits state that the character's name is "Lila". It's hard to know which is correct, but in this case I think it's safe to go with what's listed in the credits.  Pisceandreams 06:58, 02 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Okie dokie. Byxbee 12:00, 3 August 2007 (UTC)

Lovespring International
I started the page on Lovespring International, the new series on Lifetime that has Eric McCormack (Will) as the executive producer and had Eric McCormack and Sean Hayes (Jack) as guest stars already. I don't know that much about the show, though, so I'd welcome some help! Every and any little bit counts! Emily ( Funtrivia Freak ) 21:28, 22 June 2006 (UTC)

Please!!! No one's edited the page yet! Somebody, please, help me with Lovespring International! Emily ( Funtrivia Freak ) 15:41, 10 July 2006 (UTC)

Changed effeminate to eccentric
I disagreed with the description of Jack's character as being effeminate. The character is a gay man who is eccentric and attention-seeking. These attributes do not constitute effeminate, as hallmark traits of feminism are not necessarily those qualities (i.e., a woman is not defined by being eccentric and attention-seeking).

 * I reverted this...Jack is not at all eccentric. The label 'effeminate' may not be entirely accurate either. As a compromise I would suggest just removing both labels. Carl.bunderson 22:11, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

Past tense or present tense
The narrative in this article seems to randomly shift between past tense and present tense. It's reminiscent of a junior-high conversation or a football talk show. It needs a major cleanup, as do countless other grammatically deficient Wikipedia articles. Free writers are worth every penny they're paid.

Well let us know when you've finished your major clear-up and we can all take a look. --Charlesknight 16:52, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

Grammar's nice, but it isn't more important than content. So don't let it (rather the lack of it) get in the way of enjoying Wikipedia articles.

title: Talk:Will & Grace/Archive 1


text:
File:2004 InXile Bard's Tale ad.jpg

Summary
An early promotional advertisement for InXile Entertainment's forthcoming game, The Bard's Tale.

Fair use in The Bard's Tale (2004)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) The image is promotional material: Posters, programs, billboards, ads. For critical commentary.
 * 2) The image is only being used for informational purposes.
 * 3) It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted image of comparable educational value.
 * 4) It is of much lower resolution than the original (copies made from it will be of very inferior quality). It is a low resolution image, and thus not suitable for production of counterfeit goods.
 * 5) The image is not used in such a way that a reader would be confused into believing that the article is written or authorized by the owner.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: File:2004 InXile Bard's Tale ad.jpg


text:
Sort code

Sort codes are the domestic bank codes used to route money transfers between financial institutions in the United Kingdom, and in the Republic of Ireland. They are six-digit hierarchical numerical addresses that specify clearing banks, clearing systems, regions, large financial institutions, groups of financial institutions and ultimately resolve to individual branches. In the UK they continue to be used to route transactions domestically within clearance organizations and to identify accounts, while in the Republic of Ireland (a founder member of the Euro) they have been deprecated and replaced by the Single European Payment Area (SEPA) systems and infrastructure.

Sort codes for Northern Ireland branches of banks (codes beginning with a '9') were registered with the Irish Payment Services Organization (IPSO) for both Northern Ireland and the Republic. These codes are used in the British clearing system and historically in the Irish system.

The sort code is usually formatted as three pairs of numbers, for example 12-34-56. It identifies both the bank (in the first digit or the first two digits) and the branch where the account is held. Sort codes are encoded into International Bank Account Numbers (IBANs) but are not encoded into Business Identifier Codes (BICs).

History
Codes began to be used in the early 20th century to facilitate the manual processing of cheques. Known as a 'national code', these had between three and five digits.

The eleven London clearing banks were each allocated a main number, with the "big five" (and the Bank of England) allocated single-digit numbers alphabetically. Lloyds Bank, for example, was allocated 3 and National Provincial was allocated 5. The remaining single digit codes were used to indicate that a cheque was from outside the London clearing system. The smaller clearing banks were allocated two-digit numbers, for example Martins was allocated 11.

The bank branches were allocated further digits by their bank to make up the entire number; some banks represented these on cheques in smaller type. Main clearing branches (usually major London branches) would have only one digit after the main number, e.g. 11 1. Metropolitan branches (which covered Greater London) had two digits after the main number, e.g. 11 24. Country branches made up the rest of the country, and used three or more digits after the main number, e.g. 11 056. They were displayed on cheques in this fashion, with the bank identifier taking precedence.

Six-digit "sorting codes" were introduced in a staggered process from 1957 as the banking industry moved towards automation. The national codes were retained but where a single digit was used to identify the bank a two-digit range was introduced. So, for example, Barclays codes went from starting with a 2 to 20, Midland from 4 to 40, etc.

List of sort codes of the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom the initial digits of bank sort codes were originally allocated to settlement members of the Cheque and Credit Clearing Company and the Belfast Bankers' Clearing Company. Today, sort codes are issued to any organisation that will be a direct member of a UK electronic payment network (in addition to the cheque clearing systems, this includes BACS, Faster Payments and CHAPS). Non-standard sort codes are issued to payment service providers who need an IBAN, for example for SEPA, as the sort code forms part of this.

The allocation of sort codes is managed by BACS. These numbers are six digits long, formatted into three pairs which are separated by hyphens.

Cheque clearing
The cheque clearing system in the United Kingdom is managed by Pay.UK, following the merger of the Cheque and Credit Clearing Company, BACS and Faster Payments Ltd in 2018. Since August 2019, sterling cheque clearing has been through the Image Clearing System.

England and Wales
In the following list the dates in parentheses give the year of merger with the present-day sort code holder, or its subsidiary.

Scotland
Separately operated by the Committee of Scottish Clearing Bankers until 1985.

Northern Ireland
The clearing system in Northern Ireland was operated under the Belfast Clearing Rules which were agreed by the Belfast Bankers' Clearing Company (formerly the Belfast Bankers' Clearing Committee), until the introduction of the Image Clearing System managed by Pay.UK which was completed in August 2019. Sort codes in the 90 range are managed by the Irish Payment Services Organisation (IPSO).

Sort codes of the Republic of Ireland
Sort codes are no longer directly used in the Republic of Ireland, although they still form part of the underlying structure of account numbers. As a part of the Eurozone, all aspects of the SEPA system are fully implemented and adhered to. This means that all domestic transactions, including Direct Debit and interbank transfers are processed using an IBAN through the SEPA system. The Irish electronic clearing systems, including those run by the Irish Retail Electronic Payments Clearing Company Ltd, which entered voluntary liquidation in late 2014, have been retired and replaced by SEPA. Domestic cheques continue to be processed by the Irish Paper Clearing Company CLG.

Historically, the Irish banking system shared the sort code structure used in the UK, but operated as a separate system since the Irish pound broke the link with sterling in March 1979. Codes are issued by the Banking and Payments Federation Ireland (BPFI) which replaced IPSO in 2014.

The full list of sort codes used in Ireland is as follows:

Note: A large number of lower volume users and smaller banks share the 99 XX XX code and there are at least three users of the 93 XX XX codes assigned primarily to AIB.

Irish bank account numbers are now presented in the IBAN format as follows:

IE97 BANK 9799 9912 3456 78

This corresponds to the fictitious sort code: 97-99-99 and account: 12345678, prefixed by ISO Country code: IE, IBAN check digits 97 and Bank Identifier: BANK

Codes in the 70 range – "walks"
Numbers starting with a '7' (after the 1960s, '70') were reserved for the large number of London offices of banks which were not members of the London Clearing. Individual sort codes were allocated on a one-off basis to the many London offices of private and foreign banks. Cheques drawn on these banks were colloquially known within the banking industry as 'walks' because they were cleared by being hand-delivered ("walked") to the drawee banks by messengers from the Clearing House. By the 1990s, most of these banks had been issued with sort codes within the ranges of the various clearing banks which, from then on, acted as clearing agents for them; the practice of "walking" cheques was ended. For cheques drawn on banks that had not made such an arrangement, the cheques were posted to the drawee bank, who would settle them by a cheque drawn on a clearing bank.

International clearance
Within the Eurozone, only IBAN numbers are required. Transfers to and from the United Kingdom, the United States and Australia and any other countries outside the Eurozone continue to use international networks and require a combination of IBAN (or a domestic account and sorting/routing code) alongside a BIC code to identify the institution sending and receiving payments. Characters 9 to 14 of British and Irish IBANs hold the bank account sort code.

In some countries there is no direct equivalent of sort codes as the bank and branch codes are maintained separately from each other in those countries. Other countries, however, have or had codes which are equivalent to sort codes, but with formats unique to the country concerned. Examples include:
 * Germany/Austria: Bankleitzahl (BLZ) – superseded by and incorporated into the IBAN as part of SEPA standardization
 * Switzerland: Bankenclearing-Nummer (BC-Nummer)
 * Australia: Bank-State-Branch (BSB)
 * Canada: Transit Code
 * Sweden: Clearingnummer
 * Ukraine: MFO
 * India: IFSC (Indian Financial System Code)

The codes listed above for Germany, Austria, Switzerland and Sweden are incorporated into the IBANs for those countries.

title: Sort code


text:
Wes Walters

Wes(ley) Walters (1928-2014) was an Australian artist and winner of the Archibald Prize. Walters was born in Mildura, Victoria, in 1928. He was a realist portrait painter and abstract artist who painted nearly 200 portraits of leading Australians, especially academics, businessmen, artists, and musicians. He was awarded the Minnie Crouch Prize at the Art Gallery of Ballarat in 1953 and 1956. He won the 1979 Archibald prize in 1980 with a portrait of Phillip Adams. He was a finalist in the Doug Moran National Portrait Prize in 1988 and 1990. He painted a 1.3 metre high, 1 metre wide portrait of the Central Queensland University's Chancellor, Justice Stan Jones. In 1998 he painted Donald Bradman. Walters died on 19 August 2014. Although Walters had been painting in a non-figurative style since the early 1960s, he did not hold his first exhibition of abstract works until 2001. He was elected to the Illustrators Hall of Fame in 1993.

In 2009 the book 'Walters: art of realism & abstraction' by David Thomas was published.

title: Wes Walters


text:
Talk:Ricardo Alegría

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 07:37, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Protected
The reason that this page is protected is because unregistered editors insist in adding unsourced edits with the intention of tarnishing the subjects accomplishments. Here in Wikipedia, we encourage everyone to edit articles, however said edits must be accompanied by reliable verifiable sources which must be cited. Tony the Marine (talk) 02:14, 27 January 2013 (UTC)

named as one of "Folklorists of Color"
In 2019, the American Folklore Society named Ricardo Alegría to their list of 25 "Folklorists of Color": American Folklore Society
 * User:The Eloquent Peasant nor I could not find his name mentioned anywhere in the source cited. Tony the Marine (talk) 19:14, 24 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Here are the details: list of 25 American Folklorists of color
 * Two things: next time when you add a claim like you did, which was reverted by two editors because you didn't put a reference, you can just add a reference to start with. It would have saved us a lot of effort time searching for something that you should reference yourself, when you add the claim. Your reverting my change was a result of your not adding the correct reference to begin with, right? Second, please sign your comments. Have a nice day. --The Eloquent Peasant (talk) 19:25, 25 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Apologies for not signing or being precise.Pete unseth (talk) 20:33, 25 June 2020 (UTC)
 * It's okay. Have a nice day. --The Eloquent Peasant (talk) 20:37, 25 June 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ricardo Alegría


text:
Sebastian Kappen

Sebastian Kappen (4 January 1924 – 30 November 1993) was an Indian Jesuit priest and liberation theologian.

Formation and studies
Born into a traditional Nasrani family in Kodikulam, Travancore, during the British Raj, Kappen entered the Society of Jesus at the age of 20 (in 1944), and was ordained a priest on 24 March 1957. He pursued studies at the Gregorian University (Rome), obtaining a doctorate in Theology (1961) with a thesis on Religious Alienation and Praxis according to Marx's Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844. This was a time when Marxism was growing in influence in his home state of Kerala, in India.

Away from scholasticism and its essentialism, he found in Marxian tools of social analysis effective instruments to understand the people's alienation from freedom and loss of ability to contribute to the wellbeing of society.

Evolving thought and action
Henceforth, Freud, Marx and the gospel of Mark became the dialectical poles of Kappen's thought and life, in view of liberating the human person from hidden oppressive psychological and social forces. Healing and wholeness are found in the person of Jesus, the Son of God.

His theological stances evoked strong criticism in traditional circles of the Church. In 1972 Kappen moved out of Jesuit large institutions and started living among the poor wherever he was posted: in Cochin, and later in Trivandrum, Madras and Bangalore as well. Despite regular attempts to bring him back into regular Jesuit community life, his superiors ultimately consented to let him adopt a lifestyle more conducive to his creative writing. His locus theologicus was the people, and particularly the poor.

His studies were geared towards transformative social action in India. This led him to a study of the liberating and humanizing potential of the original teachings of Jesus, with a strong preference for the Gospel of Mark. He also drew on Indian traditions, particularly that of religious dissent represented by the Buddha and the medieval Bhakti Movement. He wrote and lectured extensively on the cultural restructuring of Indian society.

Ever critical of systems, structures and institutions, Kappen felt his search was leading him beyond denominational and religious affiliations as well as political ideology. In Kappen's view, No political, religious or economic system was absolute, but were all to be valued only insofar as they serve the people. Thus, he felt that party and their ideologies, even of religious ones, could act as spiritual prisons, which he did not want to be confined in, while Jesus offered freedom.

This stance in particular brought him into conflict with Rome. In 1977, he published Jesus and Freedom, with an introduction by the Belgian priest and professor at the Louvain University François Houtart. The book came under official Church scrutiny. Kappen responded with a pamphlet entitled Censorship and the Future of Asian Theology. He wrote: “I write with responsibility. There can be defects or errors in my work. I am not infallible. Responsible thinkers and scholars the world over could judge and sift my work. In public discussions we can help each other and learn from one another. That is how truth grows in history: through a social process, and not through secret censorship”. Kappen was censured for the publication.

Kappen had been visiting professor to the Pontifical Faculty of Theology (Pune), Vidyajyoti College of Theology (Delhi), The Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium) and Maryknoll Seminary (New York).

Kappen began experiencing heart problems in the 1980s. He first quit smoking, then began slowing his intellectual pursuits. Nonetheless, he was particularly incensed by the bombing of Iraq in the Gulf War of 1990-1991. It is possible that this heightened emotional state contributed to a fatal heart attack on 30 November 1993. Kappen died in Bangalore; his body was returned to Kozhikode, where he is buried.

Writings in English
I: Jesus and Freedom and Related Essays Volume II: Marxian Atheism and Related Essays Volume III: Jesus and Cultural Revolution and Related Essays Volume IV: Liberation Theology and Marxism and Related Essays Volume V: Hindutva and Indian Religious Traditions and Related Essays Volume VI: Tradition Modernity Counterculture and Related Essays
 * Jesus and Freedom, Orbis Books, New York, 1977.
 * Marxian Atheism, 1983.
 * Jesus and Cultural Revolution; an Asian Perspective, 1983.
 * Liberation Theology and Marxism, 1986.
 * The Future of Socialism and Socialism of the Future, Bangalore, 1992.
 *  Jesus Today, AICUF, 1985
 *  Tradition Modernity Counterculture, Visthar, Bangalore, 1994
 * Hindutva and Indian Religious Traditions, Manusham, Ettumanoor, 2000
 *  Divine Challenge and Human Response, C S S, Tiruvalla, 2001
 *  Jesus and Culture, ISPCK, 2002
 *  Jesus and Society, ISPCK, 2002
 *  Towards a Holistic Cultural Paradigm, C S S, Tiruvalla, 2003
 *  Marx beyond Marxism, Voice Books, 2012
 *  Ingathering, Jeevan Books, Bharananganam, Kottayam, 2013
 *  What the Thunder Says, Jeevan Books, Bharananganam, Kottayam, 2013
 *  Collected Works of Sebastian Kappen, ISPCK, Delhi, 2021					19

Writings in Malayalam

 * Vswäsathilninnu Viplavathilèkku (From Faith to Revolution),1972.
 * Marxian Darsśnathinu Orämukham (An Introduction to the Philosophy of Marx), 1989
 * Pravachanam Prathisamskruthi (Prophecy and Counterculture),1992.
 * Akraistavanäya Yèśuviné Thèdi (In Search of the Non-Christian Jesus), 1999 (posthumous).

Posthumous publications

 * Tradition Modernity Counterculture, 1994.
 * Hindutva and Indian Religious Traditions, 2000.
 * Divine Challenge and Human Response, 2001.
 * Jesus and Society, ISPCK, Delhi, 2002.
 * Jesus and Culture, ISPCK, Delhi, 2002.
 * Towards a Holistic Cultural Paradigm, 2003.

in English

 * Philip Mathew and Ajit Murickan (ed), Religion, Ideology and counterculture; Essays in honour of S.Kappen, Bangalore, 1987.

in Malayalam

 * Prathi-samskruthiyilekku (Counterculture Thoughts of Fr. Sebastian Kappen), Manusham Publications, Ettumanoor, 2008.

title: Sebastian Kappen


text: Category:Nigerian football managers

title: Category:Nigerian football managers


text:
Talk:Organizational communication

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 29 March 2021 and 4 June 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Peer reviewers: Serrekunda62.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 05:50, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Too detailed?
I admit that the original version of this was "positivistic" because I'm a social scientist. When I originally had my students start editing the Org Comm portion of Wikipedia, there was little to nothing about the subject on the site. I can argue now that the Org Comm site clearly represents only one biased perspective (in the opposite direction now). The reality is there are two drastically different branches in organizational communication that still exist today. Although I see the benefit of making sure both sides are represented, I have issues completely taking the social scientific side of organizational communication out of the picture. Unlike many who are participating in this project, I think more is actually better. I think the laundry list of links to other topics related to organizational communication is probably the best way forward to ensure individuals interested in the subject can view our page and then look for further information on various related topics. I have no problem working with my colleagues across the field of organizational communication, but to completely dismiss the current (and historic) contributions of social scientists within the field does disservice to field itself. Even in the most recent analysis of published research in organizational communication, quantitative research still accounts for almost 50% of the published research.

Too detailed?
I am surprised at the level of detail of this article. I think that in an article about something as broad as "organizational communication", the various major lines of thought should be talked about, but I don't believe it is necessary to talk about the "Levels of communication" for example, at least not in so much detail. I am also surprised to see no mention at all of classic organization and management approaches (Frederick Winslow Taylor, Charles Babbage, the Hawthorne effect and human relations, Gareth Morgan, and so on). Media Richness Theory could also be mentioned, along many others. Too much needs to be done, in my humble opinion, to reflect the variety of research and work that is being achieved in this field, to waste space getting into the details of any particular theory. --Niccoben (talk) 16:53, 25 July 2008 (UTC) I agree with Niccoben, the information detailed does not include organizational structures and communication models. i mean you could include work from the PMBOK (Project management book of knowledge) which will also illustrate graphically how the communication model flows from top management down to employees or upwards form employees to management which is crucial in project that are exercuted with a project leader. [M.Mzamo:CUT Free State] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 196.21.39.10 (talk) 17:59, 16 February 2010 (UTC)

postivism
this article seems to be loaded with the non-neutral position of scientific positivism. While I assume there is little interest in having me edit this to repair that, i'm likely going to make some minor edits that admits to the broader understanding of the field. Buridan

Removal of "The Memo" blog from the External Links
Mr. Roche: I noticed you removed the "The Memo" blog from the organizational communication list. I am an org comm major and also work in the field of corporate communications. The only idea that the blog is attempting to "promote" is the concept of infusing the discipline of the classical, systems, network and symbolic/cultural theories into the "real" world of organizations. I'm sorry that was not clear to you. Brad Bellaver

expanding view to transcend positivism/reductionism
I tried to keep as much as was feasible of the original article, attempting to transcend the simplistic and positivistic "business communication" feel.

Buridan, does this go far enough to address your concerns, or is there more heavy lifting to do?

Roy 11:05, 15 January 2007 (UTC)

ongoing work
going to try to update this page as i get time, reformatting, key issues, etc...i would encourage those out there who know about the discipline to dive in. as if it needs to be stated, these views are mine alone, reflecting my perspective...
 * As Wikipedians work on editing this page, the DEI section could bring in a focus on Difference Matters as an Organizational Communication framing of this from Brenda J. Allen. --OsaRosa (talk) 05:28, 27 February 2024 (UTC)

Conflicting statement
"Humans act rationally. Sane people do not behave in rational ways..." Doesn't this contradict itself? Jhunt47 (talk) 16:49, 19 January 2011 (UTC)

"rationality" Rambling
The following section:

 * "Humans act rationally. Some people do not behave in rational ways, they generally have no access to all of the information needed to make rational decisions they could articulate, and therefore will make unrational decisions, unless there is some breakdown in the communication process—which is common. Unrational people rationalize how they will rationalize their communication measures whether or not it is rational."

Quite literally makes no sense. Several of the sentences are not valid English sentences at all, and literally no information can be extracted from them. Others are so confusing that they cannot actually say what was intended. I cannot edit it, because I don't know what the actual theoretical grounding is supposed to be here. 70.124.83.204 (talk) 02:41, 12 July 2013 (UTC)

Redundant point/references
Hello, I really enjoyed this article. I felt that for a basic, quick knowledge of the overview of Organizational Communication, this article achieves that. However, there is a sentence that has some redundancy in it. This has been mentioned previously on the page and I also agree that it could be cleaned up a bit. The point in the "early underlying assumptions" section states: "Humans act rationally. Some people do not behave in rational ways, they generally have no access to all of the information needed to make rational decisions they could articulate, and therefore will make unrational decisions, unless there is some breakdown in the communication process—which is common. Irrational people rationalize how they will rationalize their communication measures whether or not it is rational."

Regarding this sentence and the need for additional citations, are there plans for editing this page to clarify the sentence above as well as verify the article? I believe this article has potential to be resourceful if verified. Additionally, I think with the growth and focus on communication studies, there are many great resources out there to utilize as additional, more up-to-date references.

Charli Charlisomers (talk) 01:29, 10 September 2019 (UTC)

Concise lead
I am wondering if perhaps the lead should have slightly more information, especially considering the detailed sections below? EthanS52 (talk) 02:57, 31 December 2019 (UTC) EthanS52

Incorporating Visuals
Could some topics, such as the referenced communication patterns, be presented visually to make the article more robust and also help to break up all the text a bit? Missmj18 (talk) 06:27, 27 January 2020 (UTC)

Needs more references
Hi! This article needs more references. Some areas are only representing one viewpoint or one idea in the field, and a lot of important schools of thought are missing. This is especially prominent in the History section, where very few academics in the field are talked about and ideas about them are not backed with citations. The Perspectives section only contains one perspective, and in the Early underlying assumptions section, the bullet points have no references for the most part and could also be cleaned up for better understanding. I think that finding some more sources and perspectives in the field could really help this article! Alexa Bierstock (talk) 19:08, 23 September 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: CMN2160B
— Assignment last updated by Xinyue Hu (talk) 13:29, 23 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Organizational communication


text:
Konrad Becker

Konrad Becker (born 9 January 1959 in Vienna) is an artist, hypermedia researcher, and interdisciplinary content developer, director of the Institute for New Culture Technologies-t0 and initiator of Public Netbase and World-Information.Org.

Music and acting
As actor, Konrad Becker is known for his role as Böckstiegel in Wolfgang Petersen's anti-war drama Das Boot (1981).

As a musician Konrad Becker created Monoton, the crucial Austrian electronic music act providing distinguished soundscapes. The Wire magazine singled out Monoton’s record Monotonprodukt07 as one of the 100 most important records of the 20th century. In recent years, Konrad Becker has focused on notebook live jamming with minimalist rigor.

At the borderline of sound art, psychoacoustics and contemporary dance practices, Konrad Becker's project has crossed a variety of genres over the years and has gone through various mutations and side projects. Starting with meta-mathematical and performative multimedia installations, from industrial ambience noise to audio software art and a dance context in the early rave scene he also developed theatrical productions.

 * "Like other Germanic groups (Kraftwerk, Neu, Cluster, Conrad Schnitzler), Monoton's products have turned out to be fine forerunners of certain trends in electronic music at the end of the twentieth century." (Eric Mattson, ORAL, 2002)

Art, writing, multimedia
Since 1979, he has been active in electronic media as an artist, writer, composer, curator, producer and organizer of numerous intermedia productions, exhibitions, and event designs for international festivals and cultural institutions. He has published media works, electronic audiovisuals and theoretical texts, lectured and held positions at various universities, and participated in conferences and symposia. He has been a member of various boards and committees on information and communication technologies and culture, and has worked as a consultant.

Institute for New Culture Technologies-t0
A focal point of Konrad Becker’s activities as a new media researcher, activist and theoretician is the Institute for New Culture Technologies-t0, which he founded together with Francisco de Sousa Webber. Starting its activities in 1993, t0 created one of the first arts and culture related sites on the emerging World Wide Web. It is one of the pioneering organizations in this field in Europe and has also assumed a very important role on the local level as a main site for the development of the new media arts and cultural scene in Vienna/Austria. t0’s activities are implemented mainly through long-term projects / sub-organizations, e.g. Public Netbase and World-Information.Org, currently: World-Information Institute.

In addition to the strategic development of the Institute and its projects, Becker’s activities include the conceptualization of conferences and exhibitions, lecturing, research projects; his theoretical approach is also developed in a series of books which started in 2002 with Tactical Reality Dictionary.

Publications

 * Psychonautic, MonotonProdukt, Wien (1986)
 * Die Politik der Infosphäre- World-Information.Org, VS-Verlag für Sozialwissenschaft, BPB Berlin (2002) [in German]
 * Tactical Reality Dictionary, Cultural Intelligence and Social Control, Selene Verlag Wien, Autonomedia New York (2002)
 * Tactical Reality Dictionary, Russian translation and Foreword by Oleg Kireev, Ultraculture Publishing, Moscow (2004)
 * Konrad Becker, Martin Wassermair (Hg.), Kampfzonen in Kunst und Medien. Eine Veröffentlichung des World-Information Institute, Wien: Löcker 2008, ISBN 978-3-85409-483-8 [in German]
 * Konrad Becker, Felix Stalder (eds.): Deep Search. The Politics of Search beyond Google, Studienverlag Innsbruck (2009)
 * Strategic Reality Dictionary. Deep Infopolitics and Cultural Intelligence, Autonomedia New York (2009)
 * Konrad Becker, Martin Wassermair (Hg.), Phantom Kulturstadt. Eine Veröffentlichung des World-Information Institute, Wien: Löcker 2009, ISBN 978-3-85409-506-4 [in German]
 * Konrad Becker, Jim Fleming (eds.): Critical Strategies in Art and Media. Perspectives on New Cultural Practices, Autonomedia New York (2010)
 * Konrad Becker, Martin Wassermair (Hg.), Nach dem Ende der Politik. Eine Veröffentlichung des World-Information Institute, Wien: Löcker 2011, ISBN 978-3-85409-552-1 [in German]
 * Dictionary of Operations – Deep Politics and Cultural Intelligence (with an introduction by Hakim Bey and an afterword by Franco Berardi Bifo), Autonomedia NY (2012),
 * Konrad Becker, Felix Stalder (Hg.), Fiktion und Wirkungsmacht. Eine Veröffentlichung des World-Information Institute, Wien: Löcker 2016, ISBN 978-3-85409-663-4

title: Konrad Becker


text:
Talk:Garo people

External links modified
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A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 07:53, 14 May 2019 (UTC)
 * Origin of Different Tribes with common origin.png

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 21:33, 30 December 2020 (UTC)
 * A 'Wangala' drummer of Garo Tribe of Meghalaya pose for the photo at the Republic Day Folk Dance Festival 2004 which was inaugurated by the President Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam in New Delhi on January 24, 2004.jpg

Name
The name garo is Being used as outsider as an exonym 223.225.63.169 (talk) 12:06, 10 January 2023 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: https://web.archive.org/web/20200713153642/http://westgarohills.gov.in/culture.html. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.)

For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, and, if allowed under fair use, may copy sentences and phrases, provided they are included in quotation marks and referenced properly. The material may also be rewritten, provided it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Therefore, such paraphrased portions must provide their source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. ARandomName123 (talk)Ping me! 01:49, 6 September 2023 (UTC)

Religion amongst Garos in Bangladesh
According to a study ( https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265291382_A_CASE_STUDY_ON_THE_GARO_ETHNIC_PEOPLE_OF_THE_SAL_Shorea_robusta_FORESTS_IN_BANGLADESH ) the religious make up of Bangladeshi Garos mainly in the Madhurpur Sal forest tracts is different from that of the Garos living in Meghalaya, India. Around 56% of Bangladeshi Garos (according to multiple studys) are Hindu, followed by 40% Christian while the rest (~3%) believe in traditional faiths. So the 90% Christian & 10% songsarek doesn't really apply for Bangladeshi Garos. is it possible to change that? Or adds sperate section for Bangladeshi Garos? ইজিয়ান (talk) 09:17, 23 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Garo people


text:
T-rules

The T(ea)-rules (T(hee)-regels) are a set of conjugation rules used in the Dutch language to determine whether the second person singular/plural and the first and third person singular of a verb end in -t or not. These rules are related to the 't kofschip-rule, which is used to determine the verb end for past tenses and participles. The combined sets of rules are also known as the d/t-rules.

 * Ik drink nooit t(hee) (I (ik) never drink t(ea))
 * Jij drinkt alleen t(hee) (als 'je' tegenwoordig is en voorafgaat aan 'drinkt') (You (jij) only drink t(ea) (if 'you' is present and precedes drinks (drinkt)) (informal)
 * Gij drinkt altijd t(hee) (Thou (gij) always drinkst t(ea)) (archaic/informal in Belgium)
 * U drinkt enkel t(hee) (als 'u' tegenwoordig is) (You (U/u) only drink t(ea)) (if 'you' is present) (formal)
 * Hij drinkt enkel t(hee) (als 'hij' tegenwoordig is) (He (hij) only drinks t(ea)) (if 'he' is present)

Second person pronouns
The pronoun jij/je only calls for the verb to end in -t if it precedes the verb, and if the verb is in the present simple or present perfect indicative. Modal verbs and the future/conditional auxiliary zullen allow forms with and without -t (but the subject pronoun must still precede the verb for the -t form to appear).

 * Jij gaat naar school. ("You go to school", simple present indicative, jij precedes verb)
 * Ga jij naar school? ("Do you go to school?", jij does not precede verb)
 * Je zou naar school gaan. ("You would go to school", conditional auxiliary)
 * Jij ging naar school. ("You went to school", past tense)
 * Je kan naar school gaan. ("You can go to school", modal form without t)
 * Je kunt naar school gaan. ("You can go to school", modal t-form, je precedes verb)
 * Kun je naar school gaan? ("Can you go to school?", modal, je does not precede verb)
 * Je zal naar school gaan. ("You will go to school", future auxiliary without t)
 * Je zult naar school gaan. ("You will go to school", future auxiliary t-form, je precedes verb)
 * Zul je naar school gegaan zijn? ("Will you have gone to school?", future auxiliary, je does not precede verb)

If the stem of the verb ends in -t, the jij form always ends in -t:

 * Jij rust. ("You rest", je precedes verb)
 * Rust jij? ("Do you rest?", je does not precede verb)

With the verbs houden, rijden and verbs derived from them, the -d of the radical can be dropped if it is not followed by -t. In a formal context, usually the d is not dropped.

 * Hou jij van bloemen ("Do you like flowers?")
 * Houd jij van bloemen ("Do you like flowers?", formal)
 * Jij houdt van bloemen ("You like flowers", jij precedes verb)

Jullie (2nd plural)
The pronoun jullie always makes the verb end in -en. The ending -t is also possible, but this form is archaic (although it does survive in Brabantian dialect).

 * Jullie lopen naar school. ("You walk to school")
 * Jullie loopt naar school. ("You/ye walk to school", archaic)

Gij/ge (2nd sing./plur.)
The pronoun gij/ge makes the verb end in -t, whether the pronoun precede or follow the verb. Modal and auxiliary forms also end in -t. This pronoun is used informally in spoken language in North Brabant and Flanders only. Its written form only appears in archaic texts where it compares to English thou.

 * Gij gaat naar school. ("Thou goest to school", present indicative, gij precedes)
 * Gaat gij naar school. ("Dost thou go to school?" / "Goest thou to school?", gij follows)
 * Ge zoudt naar school gaan. ("Thou wouldst go to school", conditional)
 * Gij gingt naar school. ("Thou wentst to school", past)
 * Ge kunt naar school gaan. ("Thou canst go to school", modal)

No extra -t is added if the verb stem already end in -t. The ending -t is added after -d:
 * Gij rust. ("Thou restest")
 * Houdt gij van bloemen? ("Dost thou like flowers?" / "Likest thou flowers?")
 * Gij houdt van bloemen ("Thou likest flowers")

In the subjunctive and in the regular past, the -t survives only as an archaic form:

 * Gij neme(t) een lepel suiker. ("Thou takest a spoon of sugar" / "That thou mayst take a spoon of sugar", present subjunctive)
 * Werkte(t) ge hard? ("Didst thou work hard?" / "Workedst thou hard?", regular past)

In informal speech (only in Flanders/Brabant), the verb ends in -de or -te, if gij follows the verb. In very informal speech (only in Flanders/Brabant), the subject is dropped altogether. The -e ending after the stem is a remnant of the Middle Dutch pronoun di which, over the centuries, developed into a clitic.

 * Zijde gij blind! Ziede dat nu niet? ("Are you blind! Didn't (you) see that?", informal)

Third person singular and u/U
The rules for third person singular subjects and the pronoun u/U (2nd person sing./plur.) are the same: the verb takes -t in the simple present and present perfect tense of the indicative. Modal verbs and zullen (will) have forms without -t. This pronoun is formal and is used in both written and spoken language. The spelling with a capital U is very formal and is used for royalty or deities.

 * Hij gaat naar school. ("He goes to school", present indicative)
 * Gaat u naar school. ("Do you go to school", present indicative)
 * Hij zou naar school gaan. ("He would go to school", conditional)
 * U ging naar school. ("You went to school", past)
 * Zij kan naar school gaan. ("She can go to school", modal)

The first person singular for non-modal verb is identical to the radical. The form can end in a vowel or in a consonant (including t). For the verbs houden, rijden and their derivatives, the -d of the radical can be dropped in spoken language. In a formal context, the d is not dropped.
 * Ik ga naar school ("I go to school")
 * Ik rust ("I rest", radical ends in t)
 * Ik hou van bloemen ("I love flowers", form without -d)
 * Ik houd van bloemen ("I love flowers", form with -d, formal)

title: T-rules


text:
Francis Giacco

Francis Giacco (born 1955) is an Australian artist who won the Archibald Prize in 1994 with Homage to John Reichard. Giacco has a Bachelor of Architecture from the UNSW and is a longtime teacher at the Julian Ashton Art School, The Rocks, Sydney. His classes are characterized by a structured and logical approach to the tradition of classical drawing and painting techniques.

He had been a finalist the previous year, with his portrait of SBS newsreader, Lee Lin Chin

In 2014 he won the Percival Portrait Painting Prize, with a portrait of Charles Blackman.

title: Francis Giacco


text: User talk:64.56.135.200

title: User talk:64.56.135.200


text: User talk:199.43.32.86

title: User talk:199.43.32.86


text:
User:Feyer

This is the User page for Feyer

Greetings! My Wikipedia handle is Feyer, however those who know me, know that I use that handle for other things as well. I am new to Wikipedia stumbling upon it while doing some research in the summer of 2005. I was fortunate to live in Anchorage, Alaska for 5 years, but sadly my career has taken me back to the mainland for now.

title: User:Feyer


text:
Sheguiandah

Sheguiandah is an archaeological site and National Historic Site of Canada. It is located on the northwestern shore of Manitoulin Island in Manitoulin District, Ontario. The site has remains from 9000 years of occupation, from the Paleo-Indian period through the Archaic period until the Middle Woodland period. Throughout this time, the people of the area travelled to the site to quarry from its quartzite outcroppings for use in toolmaking.

It was originally discovered in 1951 by Thomas E. Lee, who found artifacts in surface collections indicating the site was ancient. He led excavation teams for the next four years. Based on the artifacts they found, he estimated the earliest occupation date of about 30,000 years BP. He noted there were Paleo-Indian and Archaic artifacts, primarily scrapers and blades, dating to about 12,000 BP. Public interest in the finds contributed to passage of legislation in 1953 to protect archeological sites in Ontario. The site was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1954. It was listed on the Canadian Register of Historic Places in 2009.

The ancestors of Native American populations from the tip of Chile in the south to Canada in the north, migrated from Asia in at least three waves.

The site was studied later by other teams of specialists. In 1992 archeologist Peter L. Storck and archeologist Patrick Julig led a team doing additional excavations. Drawing on new material from botany and related disciplines, they concluded that a more conservative estimate of age was justified, and estimated the site was almost certainly occupied 9,500 years BP by Paleo-Indians, making it still highly significant in North American archaeology and the archaeology of Ontario. They said that more research needed to be done.

title: Sheguiandah


text:
Dear Hearts and Gentle People

"Dear Hearts and Gentle People" is a popular song published in 1949 with music by Sammy Fain and lyrics by Bob Hilliard. The song refers to the singer's hometown, and different versions allude to a range of U.S. states.

Background
The songwriters were inspired to write the song based on a scrap of paper with the words "Dear friends and gentle hearts" written on it that was found on the body of Stephen Foster when he was discovered dying in a New York hotel room in January 1864.

1949 recordings
Popular versions were recorded in 1949 by:
 * The Dinah Shore recording was recorded on September 9, 1949, and released by Columbia Records (as catalog number 38605). This version alludes to Tennessee, Shore's home state. The recording first appeared on the Billboard charts on November 19, 1949, lasting 17 weeks and peaking at position number two.
 * The Gordon MacRae recording was recorded on October 21, 1949, and released by Capitol Records (as catalog number 777). It peaked at number 19 on the Billboard charts. The flip side was "Mule Train," which MacRae recorded October 1, 1949.
 * The Bing Crosby recording was recorded on October 26, 1949, and released by Decca Records (as catalog number 24798). This version mentions the state of Idaho, close to Crosby's hometown of Spokane, Washington. The flip side was "Mule Train". The recording first appeared on the Billboard charts on December 3, 1949, lasting 17 weeks and peaking at number two.
 * The Dennis Day recording was released by RCA Victor Records as a 78rpm single (catalog number 20-3596), and as a 45rpm single (catalog number 47-3102). The recording first appeared on the Billboard charts on January 14, 1950, lasting four weeks and peaking at number 14.

Other recordings

 * A Doreen Lundy recording was recorded on February 22, 1950, and released by EMI's UK Columbia Records label (as catalog number DB 2649).
 * The song was performed by Gene Autry and the Cass County Boys in the 1950 Columbia Pictures film Beyond the Purple Hills.
 * The Perry Como recording of April 23, 1959, was released as a track on the album Como Swings (catalog number LSP-2010). The Como recording of July 1980, from a live performance, was released on the album Perry Como Live on Tour in 1981 (catalog number AQL1-3826).
 * A version recorded by Bob Crosby and the Bobcats was featured in three hit video games of the Fallout franchise, Fallout 3 Fallout 4, and Fallout 76, published by Bethesda Softworks.
 * The British vocal group The Springfields (with Dusty Springfield) on lead vocals]] included their version on their 1961 album Kinda Folksy.
 * The song was also performed by entertainers Sharon, Lois & Bram for their TV series The Elephant Show in 1989 and also in concerts.

title: Dear Hearts and Gentle People


text:
Christopher Simpson (musician)

Christopher Simpson (1602/1606–1669) was an English musician and composer, particularly associated with music for the viola da gamba.

Life
Simpson was born between 1602 and 1606, probably at Egton, North Yorkshire. He was the eldest son of Christopher Sympson, a Yorkshireman, who is usually described as a cordwainer but who was also the manager of a theatre company patronised by wealthy Yorkshire Catholics. It is thought that Sympson senior may have preferred to portray himself at times as a simple craftsman, rather than a high-profile Catholic sympathiser, at a time when Catholics were harshly persecuted in England. There is a theory (put forward by Urquhart) that Christopher Simpson (junior), the musician, could have been the same Simpson (or Sampson) who was educated as a Jesuit in continental Europe and was ordained as a Catholic priest in 1629. However, Simpson's death in 1669 is at odds with the evidence that the Jesuit Simpson lived until 1674.

Simpson fought in the English Civil War, on the Royalist side and, in 1642, was a quarter-master in the army of the Earl (later Duke) of Newcastle. Following the siege of York, Simpson took refuge at the manor of Sir Robert Bolles (1619–1663), at Scampton, Lincolnshire, where Bolles employed him as a resident musician and tutor to his son John.

Simpson remained in the Bolles' household (either in Lincolnshire, or their house in London) for the remainder of his life. His will was made on 5 May 1669 and was proved in London on 29 July 1669. It seems likely that he died at Sir John Bolles' house in Holborn, London, or possibly at Scampton Hall.

Works
Simpson made a small contribution to John Playford's work A Brief Introduction to the Skill of Musick but is best known for his book, The Division Viol, or the Art of Playing upon a Ground (published 1659) which is a set of practical instructions, organised into three sections: Of the Viol itself, with Instructions how to Play upon it; Use of the Concords, or a Compendium of Descant; and The Method of ordering Division to a Ground. The second edition (published in 1665) is a parallel text in English and Latin, thus addressing both the British and continental European markets. It was a highly successful publication and continued to appear in new editions for sixty years after the death of its author. With the revival of early music during the 20th century and renewed interest in the viol, Simpson's book was read with renewed interest by those who sought to rediscover the "authentic" technique for playing the instrument.

The accompanying portrait of Simpson appears in The Division Viol. In the first edition, he is depicted wearing a hat but, in later editions, the picture has been modified to show him bare-headed, as here. The picture also illustrates some of the characteristic techniques of viol-playing. For instance, it is clear that the bow is held underhand (with the palm upwards), unlike the technique used for the modern cello or violin. It can also be seen that the second and third finger of the right hand rest on the bow-hair, allowing them to be used to vary the tension of the bow during playing.

Simpson wrote a short guide to musical composition in 1665: The Principles of Practical Musick (dedicated to Sir John St. Barbe, another of his pupils) and expanded this into his 1667 publication A Compendium of Practical Musick.

Very few of Simpson's musical compositions appeared in print during his lifetime, except those included as examples in his books. Some of his compositions survive in manuscript form. For example, he composed two sets of fantasias entitled The Monthes and The Seasons, which both consist of one treble and two bass viol parts, with continuo. The Seasons was recorded by Hille Perl (as one of the Sirius Viols) in 2016, with extensive liner notes about the piece.

All his surviving instrumental works are for viol ensembles or the solo viol, an instrument about which he wrote that "a viol in the hands of an excellent violist may (no doubt) be reckoned amongst the best of musical instruments. To play extempore to the ground is the highest perfection of it".

title: Christopher Simpson (musician)


text:
User talk:Edcolins/Archive01

'''DO NOT EDIT OR POST REPLIES TO THIS PAGE. THIS PAGE IS AN ARCHIVE.'''

This archive page covers the dates between March 15, 2004 and October 10, 2005.

Post replies to the main talk page, copying or summarizing the section you are replying to if necessary.

Please add new archivals to User talk:Edcolins/Archive02. (See How to archive a talk page.) Thank you. Edcolins 14:53, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Welcome
Hi Edcolins, and welcome from Belgium to the Wikipedia ! (Are you Belgian ? Your name seems to indicate you're not.) Hope you'll enjoy. --FvdP 22:02, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * Hey FvdP! Thanks for your welcome. Nice to get this just three days after starting. --Edcolins.

Hello Ed, welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Drop us a note at New user log so others can meet you and help you get started. If you need editing help, visit How to edit a page. For format questions, visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help, add a question to the Village pump, or just leave a note on my talk page. Jwrosenzweig 22:11, 16 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * I'd discourage the list idea -- they're frequently hard to find again once created (e.g., is it at List of patent topics? List of patent-related topics? List of patent-related articles?).  See alsos work fairly well if we're talking about 4-8 articles or so: they're probably a better solution than a list article, unless you're talking about needing to link to a lot of articles.  Honestly, what I do is use the "What links here" page (have you used that button?  it's on the sidebar to your left) -- go to Patent and hit it, and you'll find every article that links to that article.  So if all you're doing is trying to find those articles, that works.  If you're trying to make it easier for others to find patent related topics.....well, I guess I need more information before I can make a good suggestion.  Who are you envisioning would need this help?  Is a list a good idea, or can they simply search for the necessary topic using our search box in the top right?  More details please, when you have the chance. :-) Jwrosenzweig 21:15, 22 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * See also: is Wikistyle. We don't have "Internal Links" sections, so I'd avoid that term and go with the see also idea.  I believe the format is See also: link, another link, but you might check the Manual of style first.  If you don't find it, I'd use the layout I've written here. :-)  Hope this helps!  Thanks for being proactive, Jwrosenzweig 21:57, 22 Mar 2004 (UTC)

European Patent Convention
Hi there. I saw your note at the new user log. Really good work on European Patent Convention, European Patent Office, and European Patent Organisation. It's nice to look over a new user's contributions and find almost nothing that needs fixing. Keep up the good work.

Happy editing, Isomorphic 03:53, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * Incidentally, the one correction I did make was to delink the second occurrence of "European Patent Organization" in the European Patent Office article. With few exceptions, it's a Wikipedia convention to only make a link the first time you mention something.  Not a big deal, just letting you know.  Isomorphic 03:58, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC)

City of Brussels
Okay, go ahead and explain! :-) Kim Bruning 10:45, 4 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Ah, gottit. Kim Bruning 10:48, 4 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Flemish communities
Firstly, thanks for all the work on the Flemish communities. Secondly, I agree about Kraainem, I can't say it's NPOV. I adapted the text of 5 of the communities with facilities: Kraainem, Linkebeek, Sint-Genesius-Rode, Wemmel and Wezembeek-Oppem. I left Herne as it was, because it didn't contain the same text as the others and it didn't seem too non-NPOV to me. D.D. 20:40, 1 May 2004 (UTC)

A good idea, this Municipalities with linguistic facilities article. I adapted and expanded the list a bit. Some of the municipalities you mentioned do not exist as such anymore (eg. Teuven has been incorporated into Voeren in the 1970's). I'll try to find out the French names for the municipalities of the German speaking part. D.D. 10:38, 2 May 2004 (UTC)

University names
I just don't think universities should be listed under their native names, especially not when they're as long as in the case of the University of Leuven and the University of Louvain. Can we do something about it? Sky

Action Directe
Simple: Written convention is for non-English words to be italicized. You will see several examples of this around Wikipedia. See Bundesnachrichtendienst, Gestapo, or MVD for examples. That you do not see it more often is poor writing style. I was going to use Komitet Gosudarstvennoi Bezopastnosti as an example, but it appears that the style is applied inconsistently there. -Joseph 21:50, 2004 Aug 28 (UTC)
 * It's not just names. It's any non-English word. Probably the most common example is the use of Latin terms. I'm not sure where it's documented in Wikipedia, but it's a writing convention, not a Wikipedia convention. The same sort of textbooks that would tell you to italicize book titles would apply here. -Joseph 22:31, 2004 Aug 28 (UTC)

Flanders (disambiguation)
Yes, it is... It is a flemish (Belgium) market, which is located in Flanders. In Belgium, you see lots of Flanders. It makes all kinds of bikes: mountainbikes, womenbikes.... Belgian man 14:29, 16 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * No, it makes only bikes. See website www.flandersfietsen.be. Google "flanders fietsen" (fiets is the dutch word for bike, fietsen is the plural and the verb): 2 750 hits. And I think it may on Wikipedia, as I see how many other Belgian companies, or how many sorts of cereals by Kellogg's (for example) there are on this Wikipedia. Belgian man 17:40, 16 Sep 2004 (UTC)

About "External links" headers
Hello, Ed! Welcome to Wikipedia! I just noticed one of your edits, and thought I'd let you know why I've reverted it. The standard format for "external links" sections is to use the plural "links" in the header, even if there is only one link there. That's because it's a section for (one or more) links, rather than a section for a link, and thus expresses our hope that more will be added. Regards, -- The Anome 23:11, Nov 25, 2004 (UTC)

Question pointer
Hi Ed, not sure if it's on your watchlist, but I've posted a question for you at Talk:TRIPS -- pde
 * Ok. --Edcolins 10:12, Dec 2, 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 1000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk) 18:27, Dec 8, 2004 (UTC)

Unverified images
Hi! Thanks for uploading the following image:

 * Image:Ixelles.png

I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GNU Free Documentation License,  if you claim fair use, etc.) If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know where you got the imagesand I'll tag them for you. Thanks so much. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk, automation script)]] 01:24, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)

P.S. You can help tag other images at User:Yann/Untagged_Images. Thanks again.

copyrights
i wrote the article List of Roman military terms. i copied it with a permision of the author as u can see in Talk:List of Roman military terms. thanks. Gilgamesh he 12:26, 18 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Tnx for text corrections
As I was hurrying earlier today, I made again a horrible amount of typo's. Thanks for correcting. By the way, looking at the list of your significant contributions, i see that we have quite some common points of interest. One of the opinion articles I wrote in De Standaard was on intelelctual property rights. I also worked for L&H, and your description is quite OK; just one detail: the rtechnology was not only sold to Scansoft (were some friends of me work), but parts also to other companies.

The very best wishe for the end of the year and an excellent start for the new year. --Rudi Dierick 17:40, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Patent application
Thanks for cleaning up after me with some good edits! Would you like a shot at an early draft of an article on Patent Application? It is currently at 1700 words, so most of the work would be pulling out stuff nobody wants to see in an encyclopedia and wikifying the rest! You may also notice I just put up a stub on continuation/divisional/CIP applications Lupinelawyer 10:23, 14 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Johan Van Vlaams Belang
Hi Ed,

I'm particularly fed up with the edits of User:jvb, who has been adding tons of Vlaams-Blok-friendly propaganda to discussion pages (under the pretense of discussing article-related questions), and is now attacking the article Flemish Interest itself (see []). Needless to say, this is far from NPOV. Most of it also appears verbatim in whats seems to be entries of his in a blog, under sig "Johan Van Vlaams" (even though he denies he's the same person).

I don't think his edits are suited to Wikipedia.

I don't want to be alone fighting this guy. I'm too tempted to enter discussions with him -- and he's particularly good at leading them astray. I'm too emotionally involved in the subject, too.

I'll appreciate any help. (Or, at least, any sign that anyone here is taking my concerns seriously....)

--FvdP 19:53, 25 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Sydney Hilton bombing
Hello Ed,

Thanks for your help with the software patent pages. I think that they are now pretty good.

I have recently had trouble with an article on Sydney Hilton bombing. user:ambi has been arbitrarily revoking the work, without any discussion. She is apparantly an "ajudicator". This is completely different from the positive interactions that you and I have had.

Could you please have a quick look at the history of the article and please comment. I'm also not sure how to proceed in this matter.

I note that she has been violently reverting other people's work as well. Maybe those works were not well written, but much of it seemed well intended. To just revert spits in the face of the authors and generally ensures that they will never contribute again. This type of behaviour would ultimately destroy Wikipedia.

I am concerned that she has any official status within the community. So I think that this is important beyond the article in question. Her home page is also a little scary with her charter to "remove bias".

Aberglas 00:13, 21 Feb 2005 (UTC) aberglas

Hello Ed,

I note that you edited the vandalized (IMHO) version. Does that mean that you support the purging?

My feeling is that regardless of whether my article is any good, just reverting the well intended work is totally unacceptable behaviour. But I actually think that my work is pretty good, although it could obviously be improved.

Sorry to drag you into this mess, but you are experienced with Wikipedia and I think it is important.

Please leave a message on the talk page.

Thanks,

Aberglas 12:05, 26 Feb 2005 (UTC) aberglas

Hello Ed,

Could you have another look at the article. I realize that a big fight is the last thing that you want to become involved in (I don't!). But this type of aggressive revetions will ultimately make Wikipedia an ugly place, where I for one would not want to contribute. I'm really asking for an opinion rather than just neutral mediation. I think that if someone wants to cut off both your legs it is not a reasonable compromize to let them cut one leg off.

Aberglas 10:42, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC) aberglas

Hello Ed,

If Ambi had worked on the /temp page then I could work with her. But it was not her, but you. So if I do any work she will just revert/delete without contribution. Is that the sort of behaviour you want to see on Wikipedia? And what will you do about it? You cannot negotiate with someone that just stone walls. There is a time for being gentle, but there is also a time for being firm.

Please do not directly contribute to the /temp page just to be nice. (I assume that you have no real interest in the subject.) The trouble is that in this toxic environment you will be pushed as the arbitrator and I will have to live with whatever you do. I find it very difficult to make an article out of the headings that you have (in effect) mandated. (I know that you did not intend to mandate them.) You also give credibility to the revet side of the debate.

I am not that upset about the article itself. But I am very upset about the behaviour. Do you really think that Ambi &co have acted reasonably? If so I will just leave it (and wikipedia) alone.

Please also read Ambi's new note on the talk page that the temp page is irrelevant(!) How do you negotiate with someone like that?

Aberglas 09:39, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) aberglas

Hello Ed,

I agree that the Ananda Marga section needs elaboration. If you look over the talk page you will see that I actually mentioned this some time ago. There are some good references at the end of my original article, including a newspaper article extract. The Hilton Bombing is a very interesting piece of Oz history. (Where are you from?)

But I am really not prepared to put more work into it just to have Ambi revert it. It takes a lot of effort to create a properly researched article. It takes no effort to revert it.

Please, look at my original article and think about what it means for someone just to revert such a researched piece without comment. You cannot deal with Ambi in the way that you (and I) would like to -- by gentle negotiation.

If you want to do extra work, then please start with my version. I had taken some care to give it a reasonable structure. Remember that Ambi does not really care about the structure one way or the other, she just wants information about ASIO suppressed.

Aberglas 23:47, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC) aberglas

Hello Ed,

Hmm. By "I don't think Ambi will revert a properly balanced article" I assume that you are not saying that the original article was unbalanced. (Ie. Beyond repair -- if Ambi had just wanted to add extra material and maybe change some of the language there would never have been this dispute.). The more important issue is that if the temp article is seriously edited by more than just me it will gain authority, which she will be reluctant to take on. But what a lot of work and angst! Aberglas 04:08, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC) aberglas

Hello Ed,

See the Talk:Sydney Hilton bombing. As expected the /temp page was a waste of time. Aberglas 23:45, 11 Mar 2005 (UTC) aberglas.

Hello Ed,

Could you please lock the page again. This needs to go to Arbitration. If we loose, the Wikipedia is not worth fighting for.

Aberglas 23:31, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC) aberglas

I have finally made time to put the article up on WikInfo. Could you please add a link to the Sydney Hilton Bombing external references section to. A slightly tidied up version. (I do not want to do it and start another revert war. As you may have guessed I have given up on Wikipedia.)

Thanks, Aberglas 04:45, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC) aberglas

You will note that Ambi has been up to her tricks again. Deleting content that she does not want aired without contributing. Even purging links. I liked the Wikipedia goals, but was disappointed by the lack of support from the community. I do not want to bother building up a clique of my own and engaging in endless fights -- I have a life to lead.

Anyway, thanks for your help. 59.167.104.179 02:04, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)aberglas

Votes for deletion/Schwegman, Lundberg, Woessner & Kluth, P.A.
Hi, after you started this deletion discussion, I edited the article to enter survey information showing that this firm is regularly found to be number one U.S. IP prosecuting firm in some fields, and in the top ten in others. If you can spare the time, please visit Schwegman, Lundberg, Woessner & Kluth, P.A. and reconsider your decision. Unlike Mlprater I'm not an employee of this or any other IP law firm. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 00:21, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

In the news
Re the spelling bee mention: Why would I remove it? I added it! :P ITN had been idle for a day and it was the only viable candidate for addition. If TWO football stories are worthy for ITN, perhaps so is 13-year-old who can spell appeg.. appo.. whatever. And this argument is irrelevant anyhow, someone has replaced (not supplemented, but replaced, hrm) it with a far more worthy item. --Golbez 20:15, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * Ideally, but not required. --Golbez 01:53, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

Do you remember Alacant?
Hi! I'm still waiting for your response in Talk:Alicante. --Martorell 09:37, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

R B Prosser
Hi Ed. Thanks for the cleanup - much appreciated. On the Patents page I have in mind to add a big section about the history of the UK patents system, up to the time of the repeal of the Old Law in 1852. The question is, do I add it in the middle of what we already have, or start a new topic on the early (say pre - C20) history of patents with a 'see also' on the former. A new topic would mean we would have the space to add on pages about other national patents systems. Apwoolrich 14:26, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

lots of edits, not an admin
Hi - I made a list of users who've been around long enough to have made lots of edits but aren't admins. If you're at all interested in becoming an admin, can you please add an '*' immediately before your name in this list? I've suggested folks nominating someone might want to puruse this list. Thanks. -- Rick Block (talk) 23:03, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

Naming conventions
Why you changed the dubbel names of the brussels communities back to the old french ones? It was a good sollution. (by Anonymous user: 217.136.199.186.)

European Parliament - directive rejected
talk copied from User talk:Randywombat:

 * Please cite your sources about the rejection by the Parliament of the Directive on the patentability of computer-implemented inventions. The information is pretty useless if not confirmed. --Edcolins July 6, 2005 10:48 (UTC)

 * Thanks Ed. My source was the vote itself (I was there) but I can't see it in the media yet. Will add a reference as soon as it appears! Wombat 6 July 2005 11:54 (UTC)

Kinsella
what basis do you have for adding Kinsella as a notable Patent Attorney? His page was voted deleted. And, he is now bragging about recreating his own page about himself on his blog. Your addition of him as a notable Patent Attorney looks suspect. Please explain. I plan to delete revert your change, unless you can explain.--RyanKoppelman 14:25, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

You voted to Keep Tom G. Palmer. Perhaps you should visit Votes_for_deletion/Stephan_Kinsella_2 (and Wikipedia_talk:Votes_for_deletion/Stephan_Kinsella_2) and consider how you should vote on this page, applying your standards used for the Palmer vote (number of google hits--I have many more, 19,900 for "Stephan Kinsella"). Nskinsella 01:02, 20 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Why do you vote to keep on Tom G. Palmer and vote abstain on my entry (Stephan Kinsella)? Isn't this inconsistent? you voted FOR Palmer b/c he has 13,500 google hits; but I have 19,900. You said you don't like an article being created by the subject; but Palmer's is obviously self-written, and is MUCH more vanity than mine is. Moreover, my original entry was NOT written by me, but by Dick Clark. I put up a new one b/c it became apparent the first VfD on my entry was unfair and not according to Wiki bio policy. I request that you take a second look at this and make sure you are being fair and consistent. If you still think my page should be deleted, after this, fine. But please note SEVERAL wiki entries (e.g., Intellectual Property, Patent Attorney, Kinsella, Libertarian_theories_of_law, discourse ethics, refer to my entry. Why have them go to a blank page?? Does that serve any purpose? --Stephan Kinsella 15:28, 21 July 2005 (UTC)

 * E-dog, on another page, you wrote:

 * Thanks for your message on my talk page. When I voted keep for Tom G. Palmer, I justified it by writing that "Google returns 13500 hits for the query "Tom G. Palmer" cato [3]." "Tom G. Palmer" alone returns 34,900 hits on Google [4]. So on this point, my vote is not necessarily inconsistent (34,900 > 19,000).
 * Well, sure, but that's weak--"35000 is notable, but 19000 isn't". Come on. That's not serious.

 * But even if you had 50,000 hits on Google, I might also have refrained from voting. This is mainly because I am concerned about you putting so much pressure to have your own article. If I was in your position, I would probably keep my distance from the discussion. You are a primary source of information for yourself and, in that sense, your position might be biased. I am not sure whether your attitude fits with the Neutral point of view policy (which applies to articles, but probably also to the way the encyclopedia should be created as a whole). I don't know, and I prefer to abstain from the vote.
 * Understandable, and advice well taken and appreciated. But I am a justice seeker. I really don't care as much if my entry is deleted or not, as for whether I fight to vindicate my unfair treatment (as I perceive it). Here I was, many moon ago, minding my own damn business, and someone tells me I have a Wiki entry. Interesting. Then someone says it's up for delete. What do I care. I really don't give a damn. But some jerk says it's non-notable (okay by me--I didn't konw Wiki policies on this at the time anyway); and vanity. Implying I did it, as self-promotion. This pissed me off. I rebutted the latter charge and did not even mention the notable charge. Later, many months later, someone tells me he has initiated VfD for Palmer's site. Now this was right after the Wiki entries of some CLEARLY notable friends of mine were vandalized--Hans-Hermann Hoppe, Lew Rockwell with ridiculous charges of racism etc., of the same type made by Palmer. So I figure, let's take a look at his entry. I did so, and in the ensuing VfD debate, realize there are actual policies on this; I studied them and thought, "son of a bitch. I qualify. By their own policies. These wikinerds should not have deleted me. And to top it off, the same one who voted to delete me is voting to keep Palmer. Something ain't right." So, instead of dishonestly putting up my entry anonymously or through a meatpuppet, I did it myself, nothing hidden. And instead of rolling over and playing dead as I did last time, I decided this time, I will make noise and make sure that if I have anything ot say about it, the voters will be made aware of the policies. That is all. If a fair evaluation of my site and aplication of the policies leads to a good faith vote to delete my entry, I don't care. But what do I see? Peopel who vote to keep Palmer up on the grounds that he is openly gay, or has a large number of publications, or has 13000 google hits, voting to delete me, even though I have similar criteria. It makes it seem arbitrary to me. So can you blame me for monitoring this a little bit, and being a bit frustrated at the seemingly arbitrary actions of some people? Nom. Stephan Kinsella 04:46, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

Patents
Hey, are you a fellow patent lawyer? I like the idea of utility models, me. Stephan Kinsella 01:25, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

Research exemption & Safe harbor
The link to safe harbor actually goes to a separate definition of sorts. The link to safe harbor exemption brings you back to research exemption. I'm actually not entirely sure that the safe harbor article is particularly good as it starts with the the "literal definition"--a safe harbor. The problem is that there are a number of laws with safe harbors, including copyright, tax, etc. It seems a bit awkward to focus on the Hatch-Waxman Act's. Just a thought. Mmmbeer 14:28, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

European Industry Federations
Hello, I saw that you moved European industry federation to European Industry Federations. I think that might have been unneccesary, since the term refers to several different organisations. It is, in itself, not a proper noun, but merly refers to a type of institutions, and should thus not be capitalized. See WP:MoS. Obviously, if that is the case, the title should be singular as well. I don't blame you at all, though - the intro is misleading, and probably ought to read: "An European industry federation (EIFs) is a trade union organisation...". / Alarm 17:27, 26 July 2005 (UTC)
 * The correct abbreviation is of course, just as you've now written, EIF. My mistake. Thanks for moving the article back so fast. / Alarm 19:36, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

Common Era

 * I note your edit on the article Common Era, where you list as a Support "* It corresponds to Oxford style and is used in the OED and ODWR." Where is the evidence for this?
 * I have a pocket edition. I doubt that the OED supports the use of the BCE/CE notation.  Perhaps I have an old edition?
 * When the OED discusses its own history, is uses the AD notation. “The new dictionary was planned as a four-volume, 6,400-page work that would include all English language vocabulary from the Early Middle English period (1150 AD) onward, plus some earlier words if they had continued to be used into Middle English.”
 * In its “List of abbreviations”, the OED does list B.C. and A.D. It omits BCE and CE.
 * The on-line Oxford Reference requires subscription; however they provide sample entries without charge. These entries use ‘ad’ and ‘bc’ to the exclusion of BCE/CE.  Consider  “Pompeii appears as a dependent port-settlement of Nuceria in 310 bc” (unless you are aware of others)
 * Are you confident of your edit? What is your source?--ClemMcGann 10:48, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

Ed, Thanks --ClemMcGann 13:13, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

OED correction
Hi, thanks for the dab correction. I am new here so I don't know what was wrong with the OED link and how you fixed it. It would be helpful so I can make sure I don't make the mistake again. Rsugden 15:15, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

A patent law Inventor article anywhere?
Hey Ed, I was just going through patent topics, and I noticed that the Inventor article was weak on patent law. Is there an inventor (patent) article or is this something that I should add to my improve list? Mmmbeer 13:58, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I realize that the request page exists, but I was just wondering if someone hid the inventorship article somewhere that wasn't obvious. I think I'll take a stab at it, but I really only have a US perspective on what it means to be an inventor. I've also stumbled across the fact that there isn't a Conception (patent) article either. I'm pretty sure we could fill wikipedia with patent law articles if we tried. Mmmbeer 21:58, 18 August 2005 (UTC)

Science pearls
Hello,

Since you contributed in the past to the publications’ lists, I thought that you might be interested in this new project. I’ll be glad if you will continue contributing. Thanks,APH 11:35, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Belgium
Dear Edcolins, I would like to see Belgium featured. Do you think it could be possible to manage it? Don't hesitate to participate to the peer review which just began. Thanks. Vb 10:15, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Edcolins/Archive01


text:
Ectoine

Ectoine (1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid) is a natural compound found in several species of bacteria. It is a compatible solute which serves as a protective substance by acting as an osmolyte and thus helps organisms survive extreme osmotic stress. Ectoine is found in high concentrations in halophilic microorganisms and confers resistance towards salt and temperature stress. Ectoine was first identified in the microorganism Ectothiorhodospira halochloris, but has since been found in a wide range of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Other species of bacteria in which ectoine was found include:
 * Brevibacterium linens
 * Halomonas elongata
 * Marinococcus halophilus
 * Pseudomonas stutzeri
 * Halomonas titanicae
 * Halorhodospira halophila
 * Halomonas ventosae

Biosynthesis
Ectoine is synthesized in three successive enzymatic reactions starting from aspartic β-semialdehyde. The genes involved in the biosynthesis are called ectA, ectB and ectC, and they encode the enzymes L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid acetyltransferase, L-2,4-diaminobutyric acid transaminase and L-ectoine synthase, respectively.

Use in cosmetics
Ectoine is used as an active ingredient in skin care and sun protection products. It stabilizes proteins and other cellular structures and protects the skin from stresses like UV irradiation and dryness.

Medical use
Due to its protein stabilizing properties, ectoine has been evaluated as a topical treatment for hay fever. Effectiveness of a nasal spray containing ectoine is comparable to cromoglycate and is reported to be well tolerated by the patients. It is available over-the-counter in European Union.

title: Ectoine


text: User:Carolyn81/Annie update draft

title: User:Carolyn81/Annie update draft


text:
Châteauesque

Châteauesque (or Francis I style, or in Canada, the Château Style ) is a revivalist architectural style based on the French Renaissance architecture of the monumental châteaux of the Loire Valley from the late fifteenth century to the early seventeenth century.

The term châteauesque (literally, "château-like") is credited (by historian Marcus Whiffen) to American architectural historian Bainbridge Bunting, although it can be found in publications that pre-date Bunting's birth. As of 2011, the Getty Research Institute's Art & Architecture Thesaurus includes both "Château Style" and "Châteauesque", with the former being the preferred term for North America.

The style frequently features buildings heavily ornamented by the elaborate towers, spires, and steeply-pitched roofs of sixteenth century châteaux, themselves influenced by late Gothic and Italian Renaissance architecture. Despite their French ornamentation, as a revival style, buildings in the châteauesque style do not attempt to completely emulate a French château. Châteauesque buildings are typically built on an asymmetrical plan, with a roof-line broken in several places and a facade composed of advancing and receding planes.

History
The style was popularized in the United States by Richard Morris Hunt. Hunt, the first American architect to study at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris, designed residences, including those for the Vanderbilt family, during the 1870s, 1880s and 1890s. A relatively rare style in the United States, its presence was concentrated in the Northeast, although isolated examples can be found in nearly all parts of the country. It was mostly employed for residences of the extremely wealthy, although it was occasionally used for public buildings.

The first building in this style in Canada was the 1887 Quebec City Armoury (now named the Voltigeurs de Québec Armoury, formerly called the Grande-Allée Armoury (French: Manège militaire Grande-Allée, or simply Manège militaire) designed by Eugène-Étienne Taché. Many of Canada's grand railway hotels, designed by John Smith Archibald, Edward Maxwell, Bruce Price and Ross and Macdonald, were built in the Châteauesque style, with other mainly public or residential buildings. The style may be associated with Canadian architecture because these grand hotels are prominent landmarks in major cities across the country and in certain national parks.

In Hungary, Arthur Meinig built numerous country houses in the Loire Valley style, the earliest being Andrássy Castle in Tiszadob, 1885–1890, and the grandest being Károlyi Castle in Nagykároly (Carei), 1893–1895.

The style began to fade after the turn of the 20th century, and it was largely absent from new construction by the 1930s.

Architects who designed in Châteauesque style

 * John Smith Archibald of Archibald and Schofield
 * Bradford Gilbert
 * Bruce Price
 * Edward Maxwell
 * Eugène-Étienne Taché
 * Francis Rattenbury
 * Sproatt and Rolph
 * Hippolyte Destailleur
 * Richard Morris Hunt
 * Ross and Macfarlane, Ross and Macdonald
 * Solon Spencer Beman
 * Walter-André Destailleur
 * William Lightfoot Price
 * William Henry Crossland
 * Henry Heistand, [founder of Miami University's(OH) architecture program]

Examples in Canada
Many of the Châteauesque-style buildings in Canada were built by railway companies, and their respective hotel divisions. They include Canadian National Railway and Canadian National Hotels, Canadian Pacific Railway and Canadian Pacific Hotels, and the Grand Trunk Railway.

title: Châteauesque


text:
Women's Moderation Union

The Women's Moderation Union, headed by M. Louise Gross, was an anti-prohibition organization created to counter the Women's Christian Temperance Union's assertion that it spoke for American women. When she heard the WCTU president make that assertion before the United States Congress in an effort to enhance its power and influence, Gross decided that those women who sought the repeal of prohibition needed a vehicle through which their voice of opposition could be heard.

Although the libertarian orientation of the Women's Moderation Union did not resonate well with some women, Gross' organization was successful in mobilizing and giving visibility to many women who opposed the national prohibition of alcoholic beverages.

title: Women's Moderation Union


text: User talk:204.81.225.136

title: User talk:204.81.225.136