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John Rudge

John Robert Rudge (born 21 October 1944) is an English former professional football player and manager who is the president of club Port Vale.

Rudge began his playing career at Huddersfield Town in November 1961, but made little impact at the club and was transferred to Carlisle United in December 1966. In January 1969, he joined Torquay United and twice finished as the club's top scorer before he moved on to Bristol Rovers in February 1972. He helped the club to win promotion out of the Third Division in 1973–74 before departing for AFC Bournemouth in March 1975. Injury disrupted his time on the coast, and he retired in 1977. A forward, he scored a total of 78 goals in 267 league and cup appearances in a 16-year career in the English Football League.

He coached at Torquay United and Port Vale before being appointed Port Vale's manager in December 1983. He remained in the role for the next 16 years, easily the longest management spell in the club's history. He masterminded some of the club's most successful campaigns, leading them to promotion in 1985–86, 1989 and 1993–94; he also led them to the Anglo-Italian Cup final in 1996, and victory in the Football League Trophy final in 1993. However, he was sacked in January 1999 and was subsequently appointed director of football at their rivals, Stoke City, a position he held until May 2013. After working as a scout at Hull City, he returned to Port Vale in an advisory role in October 2017.

Early and personal life
John Robert Rudge was born in Wolverhampton on 21 October 1944 to Marie and Frank Harold Rudge (known as Jack). Marie ran a fruit and vegetable stall at Wolverhampton Market, whilst Jack was a capstan operator at a factory works. Rudge attended St Joseph's secondary modern school and supported Wolverhampton Wanderers (Wolves). His elder sister, Pat, dated and later married Peter Clark, who was Eddie Clamp's understudy at Wolves. In April 1967, Rudge married Dellice, whom he had met whilst he was serving his apprenticeship. They had two daughters, Lisa and Deb. Rudge released his autobiography, To Cap It All, in 2023, with all profits from the book going to the Port Vale Supporters' Club's fundraising efforts for a £100,000 statue in his honour.

Huddersfield Town
Rudge represented Wolverhampton Schoolboys but was declined an apprenticeship at Wolves in 1959. He instead was offered a £7-a-week apprenticeship at Huddersfield Town, having been scouted by Lawrie Kelly, and placed in the boarding house room Denis Law had stayed in until the Scotsman had been sold on to Manchester City. Rudge was a right-footed forward who had pace and good heading ability, though was prone to injury. He turned professional at Huddersfield in November 1961. He made his Second Division debut under manager Eddie Boot in the 1962–63 campaign. He made his debut alongside Allan Gilliver in a 4–1 victory over Swansea Town on 6 May 1963. However, Rudge had great difficulty establishing himself in the first team due to the prominent strike partnership of Les Massie and Len White. He did not feature in the 1963–64 season, appeared just twice in 1964–65, and did not get a game in 1965–66. He played two games at the start of the 1966–67 season before manager Tom Johnston allowed him a £4,000 move to Second Division rivals Carlisle United in December 1966, promoting youth team player Frank Worthington in his stead.

Carlisle United
Working alongside Dick Young, Carlisle manager Alan Ashman built an attacking pass and move side with a one-and-two touch style of play, bargain-hunting for players who could fit into that method. This management philosophy became highly influential for Rudge later in his career. In the meantime, Rudge found regular first-team football at Carlisle and scored seven goals in 14 appearances, including a hat-trick in a 6–1 win over Bolton Wanderers, as the "Cumbrians" finished third in 1966–67, six points short of promotion. One of the goals in the hat-trick was a shot from 35 yd that finished off a dribbling move he made to move past two Bolton players.

He went on to form a good partnership with Hughie McIlmoyle, who later had a statue built in his honour outside Brunton Park. Over the course of the 1967–68 campaign he scored nine goals in 29 league and cup games, as Carlisle posted a tenth-place finish under the stewardship of new manager Tim Ward. Carlisle also defeated Newcastle United in the third round of the FA Cup at St James' Park, in what was the first meeting between the two clubs, and Rudge's first experience of a major upset in the competition. He made just four goalless appearances in the first half of the 1968–69 season, being judged as surplus to requirements by new manager Bob Stokoe. During this time Rudge worked on his coaching badges, becoming fully qualified at the age of 25. Stokoe listed Rudge for sale in January 1969 and accepted a bid of £8,000 from Torquay United of the Third Division.

Torquay United
Rudge scored twice in 14 appearances before the end of the campaign for Allan Brown's "Gulls". He then discovered his form in 1969–70, finishing as the club's top scorer with 16 goals in 35 league and cup matches. He continued to regularly find the net in 1970–71, hitting 21 goals in 43 appearances, as Torquay finished tenth. Torquay also knocked Aston Villa out of the FA Cup in the first round, winning 3–1 at Plainmoor. However, he scored just twice in 12 games in 1971–72, as the club suffered relegation under Jack Edwards. Rudge escaped this fate as he left the club in February 1972, signing a contract with Bill Dodgin's Bristol Rovers. He had been part of a swap deal that saw Robin Stubbs return from Rovers to Torquay.

Bristol Rovers
Manager Don Megson dubbed Rudge "a second Andy Lochhead", who was the Third Division's top scorer. After three goals in eight games towards the end of the campaign, Rudge hit 12 goals in 29 appearances in the 1972–73 campaign. Rovers also reached the final of the Watney Cup, where they would defeat Sheffield United in a penalty shoot-out at Eastville. However, Rudge missed the final due to injury. He featured as a midfielder in the club's League Cup giant-killing over Manchester United, scoring a header in a 2–1 win at Old Trafford.

Rovers were promoted as runners-up of the Third Division in 1973–74, finishing one point behind champions Oldham Athletic despite having been at the top of the table from 22 September to 27 April; However, Rudge made only 13 starts and six substitute appearances in the league, scoring four goals. By this time, he was mainly utilised in midfield, with Bruce Bannister and Alan Warboys forming a dominant 'Smash and Grab' partnership up front, scoring 40 of the club's 65 goals between them. His injury record also worsened to the extent that Bristol Post reporter Robin Perry wrote that he was the only player to pull on a muscle whilst putting on his tracksuit. He was restricted to just three league starts in the 1974–75 campaign, as well as ten substitute appearances, and moved on to John Benson's AFC Bournemouth in March 1975 for a £7,000 fee.

AFC Bournemouth
Rudge played seven games for Bournemouth and could not prevent them from being relegated to the Fourth Division at the end of the 1974–75 campaign. He missed most of the 1975–76 season with a ruptured Achilles tendon, scoring twice in 14 appearances. His career ended at age 32 due to his Achilles injury. He operated a fruit and vegetable stall on Christchurch Market to supplement his income.

Coaching career
Following his retirement as a player, Rudge was made a coach at former club Torquay United by Mike Green – a former teammate at both Carlisle and Bristol Rovers. In taking the position he rejected player-manager offers at non-League clubs Weymouth and Atherstone. He enjoyed the role but began to look for opportunities elsewhere after being moved away from the first-team and placed in charge of the School of Excellence. He interviewed at Kettering Town and Crewe Alexandra, though was rejected by Kettering. He felt that Crewe did not have much potential.

In January 1980, Rudge was appointed as a coach at Port Vale, after he was recommended to new manager John McGrath. Vale had long been a struggling lower league club, though McGrath had grand ambitions and wanted to bring in someone with coaching experience who possessed a deep knowledge of the Third and Fourth Divisions. He quickly became a "cushioning buffer" between the players and McGrath, who was "quite dictatorial with a cutting tongue". He would back McGrath in front of the squad whilst addressing the player's concerns to him in private. McGrath could also be an inspirational leader, giving Rudge insights into that aspect of man-management, as well as public relations and headline-grabbing stunts.

Rudge was promoted to the position of assistant manager in December 1980. Vale were promoted out of the Fourth Division at the end of the 1982–83 season and had four players named on the PFA Team of the Year. Rudge and Jimmy Greenhoff took temporary charge of the team for fix games just after Christmas 1982 whilst McGrath was ill with a virus; the team won five of the six games, sustaining Vale's promotion push. Greenhoff was appointed as Rochdale manager in March 1983 and offered Rudge a role at Spotland, which he declined.

Appointment and becoming established (1983–85)
Following the sacking of McGrath in December 1983, Rudge was made caretaker manager at Port Vale. Under McGrath, the club had lost 13 of their opening 17 league games. The club had the third highest budget in the division, a weekly wage bill of three times that of the home gate receipts and were rooted to the foot of the table, nine points from their nearest competitors. Rudge stated that "we cannot change things overnight." However, player Tommy Gore noted "the players are in a more determined mood." Rudge signed left-sided midfielder Kevin Young on loan, and switched Eamonn O'Keefe from midfield to the attack. Rudge lost his first two games in charge, but the team went on to win 21 points from 15 games, and he was given the job permanently on 9 March with a salary of £11,000-a-year. He was unable to prevent relegation at the end of the 1983–84 season, though the club did avoid finishing in last place. Though Mark Bright and Robbie Earle were signed to Vale before Rudge's appointment, he helped to bed them into the first team, making use of the many hours he had previously spent providing them with extra training sessions as a coach. Bright, though, refused to sign a new contract with the club and joined Leicester City for a tribunal set figure of £66,666.

"'Vale's reputation has been built on grit and determination and I will be looking to bring in the player who is willing to die for the cause.'"

The 1984–85 campaign aimed to arrest the decline and consolidate in mid-table. Rudge achieved this aim, slashing the wage bill to offset the club's reduced income, guiding the Vale to a 12th-place finish. He had sold big striker Jim Steel for £10,000 in January 1984 and received a £17,500 fee for Eamonn O'Keefe in March 1985, which gave him money to invest in the playing squad. His first transfer signing was Oshor Williams for £7,000 from Stockport County, who would become a key player after recovering from a cracked kneecap sustained early at the club. Two stand-out free transfer signings were full-back Alan Webb and attacker Alistair Brown; Webb went on to win the Port Vale Player of the Year award in 1985, whilst the veteran Brown proved to be an excellent midfield partner to young Earle.

From the Fourth to Second Divisions (1985–91)
In summer 1985, Rudge bought experienced centre-half John Williams from Tranmere Rovers for £12,000, whilst young striker Andy Jones was purchased for £3,000 from Rhyl. Williams was sold on for a £18,000 profit within 18 months, whilst Jones would score 53 goals in his first two seasons at Vale Park. An 18-game unbeaten run from January to April helped to secure Vale the fourth promotion place at the end of the 1985–86 season, leaving them seven points clear of fifth-place Leyton Orient. In addition to 18 goals from Jones, the team had a solid defence, and their tally of 19 clean sheets was beaten by only one other club in the entire Football League. At the end of the season, Rudge turned down the opportunity to become manager of Preston North End.

Major signings for the start of the 1986–87 season were goalkeeper Mark Grew and central midfielder Ray Walker, both of whom featured heavily for the club in the coming years, as well as winger Paul Smith. A tribunal set the fee for Walker from Aston Villa at £12,000, much to Villa chairman Doug Ellis's fury. However, the attached 50% sell-on clause dissuaded any motivation to sell him on, meaning that he would end up staying for 11 years and making 424 appearances for the club. Smith was purchased for £10,000 from Sheffield United and was sold for four times that figure to Lincoln City just over a year later. The club finished mid-table, twelve points above the relegation zone, whilst Jones scored 37 goals. The winter signing of veteran Bob Hazell helped to shore up Vale's defence as he formed an excellent partnership with Phil Sproson. At the end of the season, Bill Bell was made the club's chairman, who would have a tempestuous but ultimately successful relationship with Rudge – though Rudge usually had to work hard to persuade Bell to agree to invest in a new signing or even to provide free matchday tickets to club staff, whilst Bell would change the coaching staff on his own volition. Also, Darren Beckford was signed from Manchester City for £15,000, with half of the funds coming from bucket collections from supporters. He would become the club's top scorer for the next four seasons. Rudge also gave a first-team debut to youth academy product Andy Porter, who would make over 400 appearances over the next 12 years; Rudge was so enamoured with Porter that he said "he was the only professional footballer I would have allowed a daughter of mine to marry".

In 1987–88, Vale finished comfortably in mid-table after Rudge switched to a 4–3–3 formation that better suited the players available to him. The cash-flow problem was eased by the sale of Andy Jones to Charlton Athletic for £350,000. Rudge spent £35,000 for Simon Mills from York City, who would be a firm fixture in the first-team for the next five seasons. The Jones money was also invested in midfielder Darren Hughes (£5,000 from Brighton & Hove Albion) and winger Gary Ford (£35,000 from Leicester City). On 20 January 1988, the club achieved a 2–1 victory over top-flight Tottenham Hotspur in the FA Cup which Rudge said "put us on the footballing map". Before the cup run there were rumours that the directors were considering sacking Rudge due to a poor run of results in the league. The cup run and the sale of Jones helped to put the club in the black financially for the first time in a long time, with the £175,000 prize money helping to sustain an overall profit of £410,000.

The 1988–89 season was highly successful. Rudge signed a new two-year contract after Port Vale beat Bristol Rovers in the play-off final following a third-place finish in the league and victory over former boss John MGrath's Preston North End in the semi-finals. For the first time in thirty-two years, Vale were in the Second Division. A new club record was set in January 1989, as Rudge purchased defender Dean Glover from Middlesbrough for £200,000; the signing was a necessary short-term one to maintain the promotion push as both Hazell and Sproson was injured, though Glover would remain with the club for the next ten years. The next month he added Liverpool winger John Jeffers to the squad for £35,000, using the money he received from selling Steve Harper to Preston North End.

To boost the side for the oncoming 1989–90 season, defender Neil Aspin was purchased from Leeds United for £150,000; Aspin would play over 400 games for Vale in the next ten years, mainly alongside Glover at centre-back. Another outlay of £125,000 was spent on striker Nicky Cross, who would play around 150 games over the next five years. Vale fans were not used to such purchases, but compared to other teams in the division, the money spent was quite modest. Now on a par with Potteries derby rivals Stoke City, both league games ended as draws, though Stoke were relegated in last place to leave Vale in a higher division than their rivals for the first time since 1955–56.

He made a few changes in preparation for the 1990–91 campaign, with Kevin Kent as the only major incoming transfer. Vale once again finished comfortably in mid-table. Non-scoring striker Ronnie Jepson was sold to Preston North End for £80,000, which was reinvested in bringing Dutch midfielder Robin van der Laan to the club; over the next five years the Dutchman become a key player. In June 1992, Rudge again broke the club's transfer record, picking up striker Martin Foyle for £375,000 from Oxford United; Foyle went on to score 108 goals in 296 games for the club. Rudge also brought in Keith Houchen from Hibernian for £100,000 and spent £300,000 on the versatile centre-half Peter Swan. The money for these acquisitions came from the sale of Robbie Earle to Wimbledon for £775,000 and Darren Beckford to Norwich City for £925,000.

"'We've got to see whether we can reach the top seven, but we cannot afford to get complacent. It could be just as tough.'"

Vale as a second-tier mainstay (1991–99)
In 1991–92, the club finished in last place, five points shy of safety. Vale were still a Second Division club due to the creation of the Premier League, though they were now in the third tier. Vale had gone 18 games without a win in the campaign's second half after Ray Walker was sidelined for five months with ligament damage, Nico Jalink proving to be an inadequate replacement. Ian Taylor became another excellent signing, the replacement for Earle after he was purchased from non-League Moor Green for £15,000 in May 1992. Another key arrival for the 1992–93 campaign was goalkeeper Paul Musselwhite, signed for a £17,500 fee from Scunthorpe United to take the place of the ageing Mark Grew, with Musselwhite going on to feature in over 360 games over the next eight years. Taylor would finish as top scorer on 19 goals, helping the team to 89 points and a third-place finish. Rudge managed his team at Wembley twice in 1993, winning the Football League Trophy final 2–1 over Stockport County, but losing the play-off final 3–0 to West Bromwich Albion. Vale also played their Potteries derby rivals five times, beating Lou Macari's Stoke in the Football League Trophy clash and the FA Cup tie after a replay, but losing both encounters in the league. Writing in his autobiography, he described the play-off final defeat as the lowest point of his career as the clubs "epic" season ended without the promotion they craved.

In 1993–94 the club gained promotion in second place on 88 points whilst also beating Premier League side Southampton in the FA Cup. This was achieved without star midfielder Ray Walker, who was forced to sit out the entire campaign with a cruciate ligament injury. The hangover of the play-off final had continued up until mid-September, at which point they won eight games out of ten to climb to the top of the table. Six wins from eight league games also won Rudge the Second Division Manager of the Month award for April. At the end of the season, Ian Taylor was sold to Sheffield Wednesday, becoming the club's first million-pound sale. Rudge was also approached to manage Stoke City but declined chairman Peter Coates's offer. Rudge was though very unhappy with Bell for refusing to pay him a promotion bonus that had been verbally agreed, and strongly considered accepting Bradford City chairman Geoffrey Richmond's offer to manage his club with a 25% salary increase until a gathering of hundreds of Vale fans outside the stadium convinced him to stay put.

The club consolidated their First Division status in 1994–95, finishing ten points above the relegation zone. The money from Taylor's sale was reinvested into the playing squad, with £225,000 going to Newcastle United for Steve Guppy, and a £150,000 fee was paid to bring striker Tony Naylor in from nearby Crewe Alexandra. Both men would prove to be good buys, Naylor being a three-time top scorer. At the end of the season, Van der Laan was sold to Derby County for £475,000 plus Lee Mills (Mills would go on to win the club's Player of the Year award in 1998). Of this sum, £450,000 was reinvested in York City midfielder Jon McCarthy and another £50,000 was spent on midfielder Ian Bogie.

In 1995–96, Vale finished 12th in the First Division and beat Stoke City 1–0 in both league encounters thanks to goals from Bogie. The club achieved another giant slaying by beating Everton 2–1 in an FA Cup fourth-round replay. Rudge also led Vale to the final of the Anglo-Italian Cup, where they lost 5–2 to Genoa, Gennaro Ruotolo scoring a hat-trick.

In 1996–97, the club finished in eighth place, their best league finish since 1934. In February, he sold Guppy to Martin O'Neill's Leicester City for £950,000. Gareth Ainsworth was purchased for a club record £500,000 from Lincoln City at the start of the 1997–98 season. This was paid for by the sale of McCarthy to Birmingham City for £1.5 million. Vale finished a disappointing 19th, a mere point away from the drop after winning 4–0 at Huddersfield Town on the final day to ensure that both Manchester City and Stoke City joined Reading in being relegated. Stoke City chairman Peter Coates again offered the vacant manager's position to Rudge, who accepted and signed a contract, only to change his mind and stay at Vale Park.

At the start of the 1998–99 season, Ainsworth was sold to Wimbledon for £2 million, breaking another club transfer record. Ainsworth's sale was authorised by the club's board without Rudge's knowledge or blessing as he was out of the country scouting in Sweden. Mills was also sold to Bradford City for £1 million, with the player unable to leave for free as he had signed a contract extension with the Vale only hours before the bosman ruling came into law. As well as an increased number of big money sales, key players such as Naylor, Foyle, Aspin, Glover and Walker were coming towards the end of their careers, with the latter having already departed for the local non-League scene. Bell and Rudge frequently clashed over the club's spending priorities, with the chairman wanting to improve further the stadium and the manager demanding funds to improve the playing squad. In the summer of 1998, Rudge was permitted to spend £300,000 on forward Peter Beadle and £100,000 on defender Michael Walsh, whilst having to make do with free transfers to make up the rest of his squad.

Bell sacked Rudge on 18 January 1999, two days after a 1–0 home defeat to Swindon Town that left the Vale 23rd in the table. This caused outrage amongst Port Vale fans, who held a "flat cap protest" (Rudge's headwear of choice) to display their disgust at Bell's decision. Rudge had to take the club to an employment tribunal as Bell refused to pay the amount stipulated in his contract. Following the dismissal, Sir Alex Ferguson said: "Every Port Vale supporter should get down on their knees and thank The Lord for John Rudge."

One last signing from the Rudge era was Marcus Bent, who arrived for £300,000 from Crystal Palace just days before Rudge's sacking. However, new manager Brian Horton let Bent go to Sheffield United for £375,000; United would sell Bent to Blackburn Rovers for £2 million just 13 months later. Another star of the late Rudge era was Anthony Gardner. Gardner was retained by Vale and was sold to Spurs for £855,000 in January 2000.

Director of football at Stoke City
Rudge was appointed as director of football at Stoke City in 1999, working alongside manager Gary Megson, after turning down the same role at Port Vale. One of his early signing successes was goalkeeper Ben Foster, who had been scouted by Colin Dobson; Foster was bought from Racing Club Warwick for £15,000 and sold to Manchester United for £1 million four years later. Rudge retained his position after the club were taken over by Gunnar Gíslason's Icelandic consortium because newly appointed manager Guðjón Þórðarson wanted him and coach Nigel Pearson to provide knowledge of the English leagues. Another Rudge signing was future Scotland international striker Chris Iwelumo, as well as the majority of the British signings of the Icelandic era, such as fellow Scotsman Peter Handyside; he also dabbled in the Dutch market, signing Netherlands international Peter Hoekstra, whilst Belarus international Syarhey Shtanyuk arrived from Belgium. Rudge was offered the post of manager at former club Bristol Rovers in February 2001, but declined. Stoke won the 2000 Football League Trophy final and 2002 Second Division play-off final.

Guðjón was sacked despite promotion, and his replacement in Steve Cotterill quit after four months. The board gave Rudge the task of convincing George Burley to take charge, a task in which he failed after Burley changed his mind the day before his scheduled unveiling. Rudge suggested Tony Pulis, and Pulis was given the job instead, who in turn told Rudge which players to sign rather than allow Rudge to take the recruitment lead. However, problems occurred at the boardroom level, leading to one embarrassing moment where Ade Akinbiyi refused to leave Rudge's office all day in protest that a promised contract was not forthcoming; Gíslason refused to sanction Akinbiyi's new contract and the player was eventually sold on to Burnley. Gíslason sacked Pulis for not recruiting a sufficient amount of Icelandic players and hired Dutchman Johan Boskamp to take charge.

On 2 November 2005, he had a public fall-out with Boskamp at Highfield Road. Rudge went down to the dug-out during a 2–1 win over Coventry City to give some advice to Boskamp. The Dutchman took offence to this and said to the board, 'Either he goes, or I go', believing that Rudge had overstepped the mark. Rudge maintained, though, that Boskamp used the incident as a ploy in an attempt to be paid off by Stoke as the Dutchman could not handle the pressure of the English game, revealing that he had talked Boskamp out of quitting during the pre-season. Rudge and his assistant Jan de Koning were twice suspended by Stoke, after disagreements with Boskamp. Rudge was reinstated in his role following Boskamp's departure and the return of former chairman Peter Coates and former manager Tony Pulis.

Stoke City's promotion out of the Championship in 2007–08 meant that he would be at a top-flight club for the first time after 49 years in the game. As the club's administrative, coaching and management staff grew in number during the club's time in the Premier League, Rudge's influence on the first-team lessened. He focussed more of his time on recruiting players identified by the manager – often travelling all across the globe. Stoke reached the 2011 FA Cup final and competed in the UEFA Europa League. However, Rudge found himself having to act as a buffer between manager Tony Pulis and chief executive Tony Scholes. Rudge left Stoke City at the end of the 2012–13 season in a 'major shake-up' of the club's scouting network, ending 14 years at the club at the age of 68; Pulis and many of his backroom team also left the club at this time. After leaving Stoke, Rudge then spent the next four years scouting for Hull City.

Return to Port Vale
On 4 October 2017, he returned to Port Vale in an advisory role to assist his former defender Neil Aspin, who had just been appointed manager. He was appointed as club president on 10 August 2019. He was inducted into the Stoke-on-Trent Sporting Hall of Fame.

Managerial style
Rudge had an attacking philosophy based on a one-and-two-touch style and preferred to play a 4–4–2 formation. Though he got his teams to play attractive football, he was meticulous and rather cautious. He thoroughly researched opposition players and informed his players on weaknesses to exploit and strengths to watch out for. He was reluctant to use substitutions unless a player was injured as he believed the first XI he had selected could get the job done over the ninety minutes. He tended not to lose his temper after a bad performance, and instead Robbie Earle said that he had the "ability to make you feel guilty about playing badly".

He had the knack of spotting talented players, signing them cheaply, and then selling them to bigger clubs for a large profit. In addition to being an excellent judge of talent, he had to be a skilled negotiator. He spent most of his free time scouting players, saying that "I would pride myself in knowing almost every player in the Football League down to the colour of his eyes". In all he made a profit for Port Vale of almost £5 million in the transfer market. However, Port Vale's budget meant that he always worked with only a skeleton staff of one first-team coach, one youth team coach and one part-time physiotherapist, meaning that he "would be cast in the role of chief cook and bottle washer, gaffer, chief coach, chief scout, press officer, psychologist, psychiatrist and chief negotiator of all manner of things".

As a player
Bristol Rovers
 * Football League Third Division second-place promotion: 1973–74

As a manager
Port Vale
 * Football League Fourth Division fourth-place promotion: 1985–86
 * Football League Third Division play-offs: 1989
 * Football League Trophy: 1993
 * Football League Second Division second-place promotion: 1993–94
 * Anglo-Italian Cup runner-up: 1996

Individual
 * Football League Fourth Division Manager of the Month: February 1985, April 1986
 * Football League Third Division Manager of the Month: November 1988
 * Football League Second Division Manager of the Month: April 1994
 * EFL Awards Contribution to League football: 2021

title: John Rudge


text:
Cogent Communications

Cogent Communications Holdings, Inc. is a multinational internet service provider based in the United States. Cogent's primary services consist of Internet access and data transport, offered on a fiber optic, IP data-only network, along with colocation in data centers.

Acquisition history
Cogent was founded in 1999 at the peak of the industry's growth and was funded by angel investors including members of Keiretsu Forum. In three years, Cogent acquired 13 other failing carriers, purchasing $14 billion in capital for $60 million, including $4 billion worth of Property, Plant and Equipment.
 * September 2001 – Acquires the assets of NetRail
 * February 2002 – Acquires Allied Riser
 * April 2002 – Acquires Building Access Agreements from OnSite Access
 * April 2002 – Acquires Major US Assets of PSINet
 * September 2002 – Acquires Major Assets of FiberCity Networks
 * February 2003 – Acquires Fiber Network Solutions
 * May 2003 – Acquires Assets of Applied Theory
 * January 2004 – Acquires LambdaNet France & Spain
 * March 2004 – Acquires Fiber Network and Equipment in Germany Out of Former Carrier1 Assets
 * September 2004 – Acquires Global Access
 * October 2004 – Acquires Aleron Broadband
 * December 2004 – Acquires NTT/Verio Dedicated Access Business in U.S.

In September, 2022, it was announced that Cogent was buying the Sprint Corporation wireline business from T-Mobile for $1.00, assuming some liabilities.

Peering disputes
Cogent has been controversial in the ISP market for low bandwidth pricing and its public disputes over peering with AOL (2003), Level 3 Communications (2005), France Telecom (2006), Limelight Networks (2007), Telia Carrier (March 2008), and Sprint Nextel (October 2008).

On March 14, 2008, after Cogent stopped routing packets from European network provider Telia (AS 1299), their two networks lost mutual connectivity. The connection was reestablished March 28, 2008 with interconnection points in both the United States and Europe.

On June 6, 2011, Cogent automatically stopped peering with the US Department of Energy's Energy Sciences Network (ESnet) causing a disruption for three days.

In November 2015, CenturyLink signed a new long-term bilateral interconnection agreement with Cogent Communications.

In December 2015, Cogent sued Deutsche Telekom. Cogent claimed that DTAG failed to increase interconnection capacity between the two networks. According to a statement released by Cogent “Deutsche Telekom has interfered with the free flow of Internet traffic between Cogent customers and Deutsche Telekom customers by refusing to increase the capacity of the interconnection ports that allow the exchange of traffic”

Cogent has yet to agree on peering with the biggest IPv6 connectivity provider, Hurricane Electric. direct connectivity between the two networks is impossible.

Cogent and Google have also stopped IPv6 peering in 2016. This is rumored to be closely tied to Cogent leveraging Google's IPv4 traffic via a paid customer or to maintain settlement-free interconnect with another network. the two networks appear to be reachable over IPv6 via Tata Communications.

In February 2017, Cogent blocked many piracy and streaming sites including The Pirate Bay. This was unintentional due to a poorly crafted Spanish court order.

In February 2024, Cogent withdrew peering with NTT in Europe, forcing all their peering traffic to go through their common remaining interconnections in USA, increasing latency and traffic loss between both networks, to complain against refusal of peering settlements in Asia from NTT.

In May 2024, Cogent withdrew peering with Tata Communications completely, due to this networks that are single homed behind AS6453 (in APAC) or AS174 will not be able to reach each other. This is similar but more serious to the previous regional NTT-Cogent depeerings (since the NTT ones "just" increased latency by routing via the US instead). Despite what Cogent reported, Cogent has not de-peered, rather blocked routes to TATA single-homed transit.

However, in June 2024 this peering dispute was resolved. Connectivity between Cogent and TATA has been restored and is operating normally.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cogent Communications


text:
The Burryman

The Burryman or Burry Man is the central figure in an annual ceremony or ritual, the Burryman's Parade, that takes place in the town of South Queensferry, near Edinburgh on the south bank of the Firth of Forth in Scotland, on the second Friday of August.

The custom is associated with, but separate from, the town's Ferry Fair. On the Friday morning of the fair, a local man is covered from head to ankles in burrs (the sticky flowerheads or seedheads of two species of burdock, Arctium lappa and A. minus) that grow locally, and walked through the town for over nine hours. The meaning of this ceremony has long been forgotten, but it has been the cause of much speculation.

Origins and history
The right to hold the Ferry Fair was first granted in 1687, but the Burryman custom is widely believed to be much older. Similar ceremonies used to be held in other Scottish fishing communities, notably Buckie on the Moray Firth and Fraserburgh, to 'raise the herring' when there had been a poor fishing season. Now, only the South Queensferry ceremony remains in Scotland, though there are possible parallels with the Whittlesea Straw Bear, Irish Wren Day costumes and the Castleton Garland King (and perhaps even the Jack in the green) in England, as well as other customs elsewhere in Europe.

There are many theories about the origin of the custom, what the ceremony means, and why it continues. One idea is that the parade was intended to ward off evil spirits - it can certainly ward off children, some of whom are terrified at the very sight of the Burryman, and avoid looking him in the eye. It has been suggested that he carries on a pagan tradition thousands of years old; that he is a symbol of rebirth, regeneration and fertility (similar to the Green Man) that pre-dates almost all contemporary religions; that he is a "scapegoat" and may even originally have been a sacrificial victim.

The ceremony
According to folklorist Christina Hole, writing in 1976, the day of the Burryman ceremony (the second Friday of August) is the day before the town's Ferry Fair. but the present Ferry Fair website suggests that it comes at the end of a week-long fair.

Costume
The Burryman is meant to collect his covering of burrs for himself, as well as any ferns and flowers used to decorate his costume and the two flower-covered staves (poles) that he rests his hands on. John Nichol admits to recruiting his family to help gather the large number of burrs (approximately 11,000), which are meshed together into about 25 flat panels (A3 in size), like natural Velcro, which can be wrapped around his body on the morning of the ceremony. The process takes about half an hour. He dresses in several layers of clothing to protect himself from their hooks. A balaclava covers his head and face; it too is covered with burrs, leaving only small eye and mouth holes; a flower-covered bowler hat tops off the outfit.

He wears boots (his feet are the only parts of his body to remain uncovered by burrs) and has a broad sash around his waist, currently made from a folded Royal Standard of Scotland, displaying the top half of a red lion rampant on a bright yellow background. The choice of flag used in the outfit has varied, as a photograph from the 1970s shows the sash around the waist made from a folded Union Flag. However, more recently no flag has been worn as the Burryman himself wanted a more traditional look as flags round the waist was a fairly new idea

The stickiness of his burry covering means that he has to walk awkwardly, with legs apart and arms held out sideways. He supports his aching arms on waist-high poles decorated with flowers. Two attendants (dressed in normal clothing ) guide him through the town and help him through his ordeal.

Procession
The Burryman walks a seven-mile route through South Queensferry for nine hours or more, starting at the Staghead Hotel where he is dressed in the burrs. The first stop is the former Provost's house at Villa Road then he parades round the town including visits to every public house, at each of which the Burryman is given a free drink of whisky through a straw. Local residents also give the Burryman whisky so by the end of the day he is exhausted. Tradition holds that he will bring good luck to the town if they give him whisky and money, and that bad luck will result if the custom is discontinued.

Choice of Burryman
Only men born in the village can take on the role of the Burryman. The office is commonly held by the same person for a number of years. Alan Reid was the Burryman for 25 years (until 1999); his successor, John Nicol, took over until 2011. Other past holders of the position have included John "Jacko" Hart, Sam Corson, Arne Fredricksen and Judith McPhillips (the Wee Burry Man, 1948). Since 2012, the position has been held by Andrew Taylor.

In literature and music
In 2005, the Burry Man inspired an avant-garde folk song by Daniel Patrick Quinn, narrated by local man Duncan Grahl.

The Burry Man is also featured in the 2007 period crime novel The Burry Man's Day by Catriona McPherson.

The Burry Man is a central element of the 2022 Doctor Who audio dramas Way of the Burryman and The Forth Generation from Big Finish Productions.

title: The Burryman


text:
Duquette

Duquette may be a reference to:

People

 * Duquette (surname), including name origin, plus people with the name

Places

 * Duquette, Minnesota

title: Duquette


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/James DeBello

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep. Wikibofh 14:40, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

James DeBello
Minor actor. Listing on IMDB means precisely nothing when it comes to notability. Delete. --Calton | Talk 05:21, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Has credits on several notable films. Not my kind of films, but I think he is notable--Rogerd 05:42, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I messed up (nomination), twice (deletion)... being in more than one notable film would make one notable. At least notable enough for an online encyclopedia. - RoyBoy 800 05:53, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep pretty obvious based on imdb credits. Obviously, the article shouldn't just recite imdb credits, but those credits easily qualify this article's existence.    --rob 06:07, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Meets IMDB-related guidelines (if any exist) for Wikipedia a load better than some other actors we've got on here. Some pretty good credits, even if some of the films are not as major as the others. Filmography is not quite complete, as a quick gander at the database proves, but the non-filmography part of the article probably needs to be expanded too. Bobo192 06:30, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't know this guy. Are any of the mentioned IMDB major speaking roles. If I remember correctly, wasn't he one of the early victims in Scary Movie 2? - Mgm|(talk) 09:22, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, is in several major films and seems to have main roles in them. the wub  "?!"  12:33, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Agreed. Seems notable enough.  (As an aside, Roger, Roy, Rob and Bob (Rob!) all contributed keep votes in the space of 50 minutes.  Now I know they're absolutely not the same person but it just goes to show how strange coincidences can happen.  If only there was a horse running today of the same or similar name I'm darned sure it'd be a winner!) Marcus22 14:28, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Bob? Me? That's Bob with an O. The O is a crucial part of my identity! I suppose. Bobo192 20:32, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand. --Jacquelyn Marie 19:10, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, seems notable enough, and besides, I want to keep the Bob/Rob thing going. Lord Bob 19:36, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, and please accept my apologies for breaking up the Bob/Rob bandwagon. Hall Monitor 20:09, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, as he is notable. Carioca 22:51, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Lý Nam Đế

Lý Nam Đế (chữ Hán: 李南帝, c. 503 – 13 April 548), personal name Lý Bí or Lý Bôn (李賁), was the founding emperor of the Early Lý dynasty of Vietnam, ruling from 544 to 548. He was originally a magistrate of the Chinese Liang dynasty in Jiaozhou.

Overview
Lý Bôn (李賁, sometimes rendered as Lý Bí) was a local aristocrat whose far distant ancestors were Chinese refugees who fled Wang Mang's seizure of power during the interregnum between the Western Han and Eastern Han dynasties five centuries earlier. He was a regional magistrate of the Liang dynasty in Jiaozhou (in modern-day northern Vietnam). The Book of Southern Qi and Book of Chen assert that Lý Bôn was part of the localized Sinitic-speaking ruling elite of the Red River Delta who wished to establish his own dynasty. His kinsmen Lý Phật Tử's identity appears to be more ambiguous, sometimes was referred in Chinese texts as a "Lǐ man of Jiaozhou" (Jiaozhou lǐ rén) and "great leader of Jiaozhou" (Jiaozhou jushuai). Catherine Churchman (2016) suggests that perhaps due to massive influences of indigenous preexisting non-Chinese Li Lao drum culture (c. 200–750 AD) that stretching all the way from the Pearl to the Red River in Southern China and Northern Vietnam, Sinitic immigrants from the north and people with Sinitic ancestry in the areas had gradually accustomed themselves with local culture.

During this time China was experiencing constant civil war. Lý Bí became increasingly frustrated with the corruption in the government and hostility toward the local population. His friend Phạm Tu, subsequently helped him train a small army. Subsequently, Lý Bí resigned his post and revolted in 541 against the Liang dynasty. He gathered the local nobility and tribes within the Red River Valley, gathered together an army and navy, and won a decisive battle in Hepu in summer 543, expelling the Liang from Northern Vietnam region. The following year in February 544, Lý Bí was declared emperor by the people with the intention of demonstrating equality in status to China's own emperors. He named the new kingdom "Vạn Xuân" (萬春, literally "Eternal Spring"). His armies also repelled attacks from Champa in the south who had allied with the Liang at the time.

Further in his life

Lý Nam Đế established his capital at Long Biên (modern-day Hanoi), surrounded himself with effective leadership in military and administrative scholars. Lý Nam Đế was also strongly supported by famous military commanders such as Phạm Tu, Triệu Túc, Tinh Thiều, and Triệu Quang Phục, (son of Triệu Tuc, later known as Triệu Việt Vương). The latter emerged as a hero in Vietnamese history and eventually succeeded Lý Nam Đế as ruler in 548. Lý Nam Đế built many fortresses at strategic locations throughout Vạn Xuân to fend off potential threats from Han in the north and from the Champa Kingdom in the south. He also established the first national university for scholars, implemented land reforms, and promoted literacy amongst the population. He laid the foundation for many reforms modeled after the Chinese social structure.

However, the new state was not long at peace. In October of 544 the Liang dynasty sent an army to reoccupy Jiaozhou and put down the rebellion, led by general Chen Baxian. By spring of 545, Chen had ravaged much of Jiaozhou. His initial invasion was stalled by Ly Bi's forces for months. However, in the winter of 545, Chen surprised the capital during the monsoon season. Lý Nam Đế's army were caught off guard, and his court was forced to abandon Long Biên and flee westward into the neighboring western highland. The Lý army became exhausted and Lý Bi himself grew increasingly ill due to months of being exposed in the wilderness. Lý Nam Đế realized that his illness would not enable him to rally the troops and accomplish a successful resistance against the imperial Chinese forces. In February 548, he relinquished imperial authority and transferred his power to his older brother Lý Thiên Bảo (co-ruler from 548 until his death in 555) and Triệu Quang Phục (r. 548–571), who was his best lieutenant and general.

By April 548, while suffering from serious disease for months, Lý Nam Đế died somewhere in Northwest Vietnam between the Red and the Black River when local Qiūlǎo (鳩獠) or the Qūlǎo (屈獠) tribesmen assassinated him in hope of warding off the invading Liang army. His immediate successor was Triệu Quang Phục (thereafter known as Triệu Việt Vương, which means Trieu Viet King). The new king continued the resistance and eventually drove the Chinese out from Vạn Xuân in 550. Although China had occupied and would continue to occupy Vietnam for approximately 1,000 years, Lý Nam Đế had successfully established a state that had given Northern Vietnam approximately 60 years of independence.

Anterior Lý dynasty

 * Lý Nam Đế I (r. 542–548)
 * Lý Thiên Bảo (r. 548–555, co-reigned with Triệu Quang Phục)
 * Triệu Việt Vương (r. 548–571, 555–571 as sole ruler)
 * Lý Nam Đế II (r. 571–602)

title: Lý Nam Đế


text:
Eric Person

Eric Person (born May 2, 1963 in St. Louis, Missouri ) is an American alto and soprano saxophone player and leader of Meta-Four and Metamorphosis. Since coming to New York City in 1982, Person has performed and recorded with jazz masters McCoy Tyner, Dave Holland, Houston Person, Donald Byrd, Chico Hamilton, John Hicks and the World Saxophone Quartet, and rock, funk and world music figures like Vernon Reid, Ben Harper, Ofra Haza and Bootsy Collins.

1982-92 New York City
Eric Person moved to New York City on May 17, 1982. Shortly after he arrived, Eric played his first New York City gigs with the John Hicks Big Band at the Public Theater. In September 1983 he auditioned for drummer Chico Hamilton. He would perform with Mr. Hamilton off and on throughout the 80's and 90's. With Chico, Person would tour the United States, Europe and Japan and record six CD releases with him.

Recordings
With Ronald Shannon Jackson With Dave Holland
 * (1993) Arrival
 * (1994) Prophecy
 * (1997) More Tales To Tell
 * (1999) Extra Pressure
 * (2003) Live at Big Sur
 * (2005) Reflections
 * (2007) Rhythm Edge
 * (2010) The Grand Illusion
 * (2012) Thoughts on God
 * (2015) DuoScope
 * (2022) Blue Vision  featuring tenor saxophonist Houston Person
 * (1985) Decode Yourself (Island Records)
 * (1986) Live at the Caravan of Dreams Ronald Shannon Jackson Album (Caravan of Dreams)
 * (1987) When Colors Play
 * (1988) Texas ("Talkeye")
 * (1990) Taboo (Virgin Records)
 * (2000) Live at Greenwich House
 * (1995) Dream of the Elders (ECM Records)
 * (2004) Rarum, Vol. 10: Selected Recordings

With Chico Hamilton
 * (1988) Euphoria
 * (1991) Arroyo
 * (1993) Trio!
 * (1994) My Panamanian Friend (The music of Eric Dolphy)
 * (1999) Timely
 * (2001) Foreststorn (with Arthur Blythe and Steve Turre)

With Chris Joris
 * (2007) Rainbow Country (De Werf Records)
 * (2011) Marie's Momentum

With John Esposito
 * (2006) The Blue People
 * (2008) A Book of Five Rings (Sunjump Records)
 * (2022) Laura

With Ben Harper With World Saxophone Quartet
 * (1997) The Will to Live (Virgin Records)
 * (1997) Jah Work (EP)
 * (1994) Moving Right Along

title: Eric Person


text:
Glass palace

Glass palace can refer to:

 * Glaspaleis, a building in Heerlen, the Netherlands
 * Glass Palace Chronicle, the English translation of the standard chronicle of the Konbaung dynasty of Burma
 * The Glass Palace, a 2000 historical novel by Indian writer Amitav Ghosh

title: Glass palace


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bryson

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE.  Rob e  rt  17:09, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Bryson
unverifiable--Trovatore 05:26, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * delete, but might possibly be good enough for BJAODN --Trovatore 05:24, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non-verifiable, probably a joke. But a weak joke.  --W.marsh 05:30, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nonsense --Rogerd 05:50, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'm not afraid of pirates. utcursch | talk 11:41, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete to remove this crap from the history, then recreate as a disambig page. the wub  "?!"  12:29, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete given the gay-baiting, probably an attack page on an actual person with that name. MCB 01:06, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: two votes above were deleted, and my comment was vandalized, by User:68.147.102.48. I have reverted. MCB 18:02, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keel-haul it, me harties. Alf melmac 13:14, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Walk the plank with this rot. Budgiekiller 12:04, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bryson


text:
Chionis of Sparta

Chionis of Sparta or Chionis of Laconia (Χίονις; ; fl. 7th century BC) was an ancient Greek athlete who won multiple events at the ancient Olympic Games representing the city of Sparta in Laconia. Eusebius of Caesarea lists Chionis as victor in both the stadion and diaulos races at the 29th, 30th and 31st Olympiads (conventionally dated 664–656 BC). Pausanias' Description of Greece credits Chionis with a fourth stadion victory in the 28th games of 668 BC, which Eusebius assigns to Charmis of Sparta. Pausanias says that Chionis was an oikist at Battus of Thera's foundation (631 BC) of Cyrene, Libya. Paul Christesen suggests that claim may, on the one hand, date from much later heroization of Chionis by Sparta's Agiads seeking an alliance with Cyrene, but, on the other hand, may have some basis in fact.

Chionis' record number of Olympic victories was not matched until 480 BC, when Astylos of Croton (representing Syracuse in Sicily) won his third stadion–diaulos double and added a seventh victory by winning the hoplitodromos, a race run in hoplite armour. Pausanias says that in response to Astylos' memorial stele in Olympia, the Spartans amended the inscription on Chionis' stele to point out that there was no hoplitodromos event in his time. Christesen suggests the Spartans may have conflated Charmis with Chionis to inflate Chionis' victories and match Astylos' total, and that this reflected contemporary discord between Sparta and Syracuse under Hiero I. Around this time the Agiads commissioned from Myron statues of Chionis placed at Sparta and Olympia.

Eusebius, probably quoting Sextus Julius Africanus, says Chionis could jump a distance of 52 podes (feet). Frank Zarnowski gives the Olympic foot a value of 32.05 cm, so that Chionis's mark of 16.66 m is longer that the 55 podes achieved by Phayllos of Croton at the Pythian Games — 16.30 m with a Pythian foot of 29.65 cm. In the ancient Olympics, the jump was one of the five components of the pentathlon, an event which Chionis presumably did not win. His alleged distance, nearly double the modern long jump world record, has been variously interpreted as a heroic exaggeration, or relating to something like a triple jump rather than a single jump, or a misreading of the Greek numerals for 22 podes (7.05 m).

title: Chionis of Sparta


text:
Roy Sproson

Roy Sproson (23 September 1930 – 24 January 1997) was an English footballer and football manager for Port Vale. A one-club man, he holds the all-time appearance record for Vale, making 837 starts (and 5 substitute appearances) for Vale between 1950 and 1972. This includes 128 consecutive appearances between April 1954 and March 1957. He is also sixteenth on the all-time Football League appearance list.

Sproson remained with the club from its highest peaks in the early 1950s until the troughs of the last 1960s near the bottom of the English Football League. He served under eight managers before taking the reins between 1974 and 1977. A relic of a bygone era when it was common for players to only play for a few clubs throughout their careers, his record for the club is unlikely ever to be equalled or bettered. He finished with around 350 more appearances for the club than his closest rival and teammate of fifteen years, Harry Poole.

Playing career
Roy Sproson was born above a greengrocer's shop at 3 Slater Street, Burslem, Stoke-on-Trent on 23 September 1930. He was named after the local featherweight boxer Roy Berrisford after his father returned home from witnessing a Berrisford victory to find his wife had given birth in his absence. The family later moved to Trent Vale, where a young Sproson played football for the Trent Vale Lifeboys, winning the Sentinel Shield with a 5–0 win over Port Vale.

Sproson played for Stoke City at an amateur level for twelve months in the late 1940s. He was courted by teams such as Aston Villa, West Ham United and Bolton Wanderers. His father wished him to follow in his footsteps and sign for Stoke City. The Stoke manager Bob McGrory promised him a contract after Sproson finished his National service. Still, after brother Jess introduced him to Port Vale manager Gordon Hodgson, he signed with the Vale for £3 a week while he served his National service. In July 1949 Sproson's time with the Royal Air Force had finished. He signed with Port Vale as a professional. However, he had to wait until 11 November 1950 for his debut, in a 1–1 draw with Gillingham at Priestfield. He started the last five games of the season after sharing the No. 6 jersey with Jimmy Todd and Bill McGarry.

Hodgson's death in June 1951 did not keep Sproson out of the first XI, and he played most games under new manager Ivor Powell. His first goal came on 22 September in a 2–2 draw at home with Torquay United. However, following the appointment of Freddie Steele in December 1951, Sproson was dropped in favour of the experienced Stan Palk. Sproson won his place in March 1952 and held on to his shirt for many years. Steele worked to develop the famous 'Iron Curtain' defence, as the Vale defence conceded just 35 times in 46 games in 1952–53. Only Second Division Huddersfield Town conceded fewer, though Vale still finished one point behind Oldham Athletic.

The 1953–54 season would live on Vale folk-lore. Sproson was one of the men who made it happen, playing in 53 games. The club stormed to the Third Division North championship with just 21 goals conceded in 46 games (a Football League record). Sproson helped keeper Ray King keep thirty clean sheets in the league (again a record). He also played in Vale's FA Cup semi-final defeat to West Bromwich Albion.

"'At the time, we did not know what it was like to lose and the thought never occurred to us. We were convinced, in fact, that we could not be beaten.'"

He had little trouble adapting to life in the Second Division the following season. He made 45 appearances in 1954–55 and 44 in 1955–56. However, in 1956–57 the club struggled and suffered relegation – the 'Iron Curtain' was a thing of the past as they leaked 101 goals in the league.

In 1957–58, the club found themselves in the last-ever season of the Third Division South. Norman Low couldn't bring his team to a top twelve finish, which meant the club spent 1958–59 in the new Fourth Division. Low adopted an attacking policy but still relied on men like Sproson to hold the fort at the back. They took the Fourth Division title in 1958–59, though Sproson spent the first half of the season on the sidelines with an ankle injury. Terry Miles took his No. 6 jersey, though both Alan Martin and Roy Pritchard failed to hold on to the No. 3 jersey, which Sproson claimed in February 1959. It was the first time in six season he played less than forty games, for the next eleven seasons he would make at least thirty games a season.

He played 49 games in 1959–60. Sproson was back. In 1960–61 he hit 51 games. In 1961–62, 1962–63 and 1963–64, he was a regular custodian in the back four, as the club tried and failed to win promotion. In 1964–65, the veteran couldn't prevent the club from slipping back into the fourth tier, as Freddie Steele's second time in charge proved much less successful than the first. Under Jackie Mudie and then Stanley Matthews, the club struggled. Sproson was as much in demand as ever in 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68 and again in 1968–69 the club frittered about at the foot of the league. He was made the inaugural winner of the Port Vale F.C. Player of the Year award in 1967.

When new manager Gordon Lee finally pushed the team to promotion in 1969–70, forty-year-old Sproson was four years his manager's senior. Despite this, he managed to post 52 appearances in the campaign. Lee had to talk him out of retirement regularly. With promotion secured, Sproson was allowed to drift out of the first-team picture. Named Gillette Sportsman of the Year in April 1970, he made seven appearances in 1970–71. His final appearance came on 8 May 1972 in a 2–1 defeat to Rotherham United at Vale Park. It was his only League match of the season, and he continued at the club in a coaching capacity.

Sproson finished with a total of 837 starts and five substitute appearances, being yellow-carded just twice in his professional career. Many supporters believed if he had not remained so intensely loyal to Vale. He would certainly have played in the First Division and possibly even received international honours.

Managerial career
After manager Gordon Lee left to join Blackburn Rovers in January 1974, he advised Vale's chairman Mark Singer to appoint Sproson as his successor. Singer took this advice and appointed him caretaker manager before handing him the job permanently in April of the same year. At the end of 1973–74 Vale finished twentieth, one place but seven points above the drop. He insisted that the players not call him 'boss', and in the spirit of Norman Low, his footballing philosophy was to go out and 'entertain the public'.

For the 1974–75 season he signed midfielders Terry Bailey and Frank Sharp, defender Garry Dulson, and goalkeeper John Connaughton. The club finished in sixth place, just four points short of promotion. However, due to the club's precarious financial situation a total of thirteen players were released. He made ambitious plans for the 1975–76 season. However, he failed to land Wales internationals Mike England and Wyn Davies. Instead he signed striker Mick Cullerton from Stafford Rangers for £4,000, and midfielders Terry Lees (a £3,000 signing from Stoke City) and Geoff Morris (a £200 signing from Bangor City). Cullerton hit 21 goals. Still, Vale could not repeat their efforts of the previous season and had to make do with a twelfth-place finish.

For the 1976–77 season, he was forced to sell Terry Lees to Sparta Rotterdam for £25,000 (representing a £22,000 profit in the space of twelve months). He added to his squad with youngsters Ian Osborne and Kevin Kennerley and experienced midfielder Geoff Davies. After Cullerton suffered a cartilage injury, he signed Ken Beamish for a £12,000 fee from Blackburn Rovers, as well as former Wigan Athletic forward John Rogers for 'a small fee'. His team struggled with poor discipline – Rotherham manager Jimmy McGuigan claimed Vale were 'the worst exhibition of football thuggery I have ever seen'. Midway through the season Sproson sold two more key players: striker Ray Williams went into non-League football for 'a small fee' and midfielder Colin Tartt joined Chesterfield for £15,000. Sproson brought in Alan Lamb from Preston North End and Peter Sutcliffe from Stockport County for a combined outlay of £8,000. Ultimately, though, the loss of star midfielder Brian Horton to Brighton for £30,000 in March 1976 was something Sproson proved unable to remedy. Nevertheless, relegation was narrowly avoided at the end of 1976–77, as his side finished nineteenth, three points above the drop.

There was unrest at Port Vale at the start of 1977–78, as Sammy Morgan and David Harris were so upset by the low wages they were offered that they refused to play for the club. Sproson brought in three players on free transfers: Jeff Hemmerman, Grahame McGifford, and Bill Bentley. However, at a meeting on 28 June, Sproson was severely criticised for his supposed poor judgement of players and for seeming to place greater priority on his newsagent business than the club. The Sentinel reported that "there is disenchantment in the air", and there were rumours that former Stoke manager Tony Waddington would be brought in to replace Sproson. Sproson was sacked in October 1977 after a poor run of results. His replacement Bobby Smith failed to rescue Vale from relegation despite making numerous signings. England manager Don Revie had predicted such a fate when he said at a dinner that "English football suffers from the same complaint all the time. You've got two local lads here as your management team [referring to Sproson and his assistant Reg Berks]. I'll tell you now, you won't give them enough money to get out of this division, but eventually, you'll give them both the sack and then you'll give the next manager the lot."

Sproson refused the club's offer of "an executive position dealing with the club's youth policy". Taking his nameplate off his office door "to spare anyone else the bother", it was clear his sacking had upset him greatly. Leaving under a cloud, he refused to return to the club whilst those who had sacked him remained in the boardroom. The next month he promised to help the club "in any capacity", though never returned to Vale Park again.

"'A manager can smell the end of his time. The whole club reeks of an imminent sacking. Not that they actually say: 'You're bloody fired!' It's all innuendo and muttering – 'Things aren't going well, are they?' But you know they're after your blood, and if truth were told you've already had your bags packed for weeks."

Later life
Sproson ran a newsagent's shop until he died on 24 January 1997, aged 66.

Style of play
Sproson had an excellent left foot and great footballing intelligence. Former England international and Port Vale teammate Colin Grainger wrote in his autobiography that "[Sproson] was a player of First Division standard".

Legacy
"'I have always loved the game and I have always loved the club. The satisfaction of playing the game I love for the club I love has always been enough for me'."

The Sproson name figures prominently in Port Vale's history. Roy's older brother, Jess, played as a forward for Vale between 1940 and 1947, and his nephew, Phil (Jess's son), was a central defender between 1978 and 1989. Together, the three men made 1,370 appearances for Port Vale, scoring 77 goals. Another brother, Clifford, had played at amateur level for Vale in the Cheshire County League. His father played professionally for Stoke during World War I.

He shared a testimonial match with Selwyn Whalley in 1964.

Port Vale's away kit for the 2005–06 season (in the club's old amber and black colours) bore the motto '837 – One Man One Team', embroidered on the left sleeve to honour his memory. A street by Vale Park has been renamed 'Roy Sproson Way' in his memory. In March 2011, he was inducted into the City of Stoke-on-Trent Hall of Fame, along with Gordon Banks. After ten years of planning, a £96,000 statue of Sproson was unveiled on 17 November 2012, before a home game with York City. In May 2019, he was named in the "Ultimate Port Vale XI" by the OneValeFan supporter website.

As a player
Port Vale
 * Football League Third Division North: 1953–54
 * Football League Fourth Division: 1958–59
 * Football League Fourth Division fourth-place promotion: 1969–70

Individual
 * Port Vale F.C. Player of the Year: 1967
 * Gillette Sportsman of the Year: 1970

As a manager
Port Vale
 * Debenhams Cup runner-up: 1976–77

title: Roy Sproson


text: User talk:201.135.185.72

title: User talk:201.135.185.72


text:
St Patrick's College, Strathfield

St Patrick's College (known colloquially as SPC or St Pats) is an independent Catholic primary and secondary day school for boys located in Strathfield, an inner western suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Founded in 1928 by the Congregation of Christian Brothers, the school operates in the tradition of Edmund Rice, and is administered by Edmund Rice Education Australia. , the College enrolled approximately 1,430 students from Year 5 to Year 12.

St Patrick's College is a member of the Independent Sporting Association, the Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia, and the Junior School Heads Association of Australia.

History
St Patrick's College was founded on 20 January 1928 as the St Patrick's Practice School. It functioned as a practice school for student teachers at the Australian Catholic University next to the south. The school was officially opened by Dr. M. Kelly, Archbishop of Sydney. Thirty-nine students were enrolled and split into three grades to be taught by Brothers L. S. Carroll, P. K. Kent and J. R. Crichton. The acting principal in the first year was Provincial Consulter and Master of Method M. B. Hanrahan. The school itself consisted of six large classrooms, and four other rooms designed for physics, chemistry, art, and technical training such as woodwork. At the end of the first year, over 100 students were enrolled at St Patrick's College.

At the end of the 1980s, there was a steady decline in the number of Christian Brothers teaching within Edmund Rice Schools such as St Patrick's. After the departure of J. Giacon as principal in 1992, the first lay principal in Christian Brothers’ school in New South Wales was appointed: Grahame Smollett, who became the longest-serving principal in the college's history.

Principals
The following individuals have served as principal of St Patrick's College, Strathfield:

 * Dr. Craig Wattam finished at the conclusion of Term 3, 2020. He was replaced by Damian Chase for the final term.

College Houses
The house system dates back to the 1930s when boys were placed into four coloured houses for the annual swimming and athletic carnivals: Red, Gold, Green and Blue. During the 1970s the College expanded the four houses to six and named each after a significant person whose presence at the college had been pivotal to its development. In 1996 on the beatification of Edmund Rice, Power House was changed to Rice House.

In 2012 the College Cup was launched and redefined the way in which the house system is used at St Patrick's College. In order to "foster healthy competition" amongst students, House points are awarded throughout the school year based on an individual's efforts in areas of academic achievement, co-curricular involvement and school spirit. These are then tallied with the results from the swimming and athletic carnivals and a house is declared the overall winner.

Berg House pays tribute to the values and contribution made to the college by Brian Berg, the first Old Boy Brother to teach at St Patrick's. Brian Berg completed his Leaving Certificate at SPC in 1948 and entered into the Christian Brothers in 1950. Coghlan House honors the memory of J. V. Coghlan, Principal of St Patrick's College for two terms, 1936–1941 and 1945–1950.

Crichton House is named after John Rewi Crichton, who, for many years, was a teacher at St Patrick's College. Hanrahan House recognises the efforts of educationist Michael Benignus Hanrahan, the first Principal of St Patrick's College.

Hickey House honours a man who holds a significant place in the college's history, Patrick Ignatius Hickey. Rice house pays tribute to founder, Edmund Rice.

Co-curriculum
The college performs an annual musical and drama production featuring its students and others from Santa Sabina College.

College Anthem
The College anthem was composed in 1958, with words by Br Robert Charles Hill and music by Br Colin Declan Smith – both members of the SPC community. A choir of over 600 voices first performed it at Speech Night in the Sydney Town Hall in 1958.

College crest
The college's crest was designed in 1938 and is made up of three components:
 * Shield: Combined with its chevrons and bars, it symbolizes strength and fortitude.
 * Motto: Those who wear the crest pledge fidelity to the college motto Luceat Lux Vestra, Latin for "Let Your Light Shine".
 * Star: Seen mounting the crest, it signifies that the college lights the way to knowledge and to God.

Sexual Abuse Cases
In 2014, Brother Desmond Eric Richards pled guilty to assaulting four boys in New South Wales in the 1970s and 1980s, including one student at St Patrick's College while he worked there.

Alumni
St Patrick's alumni are traditionally known as "Old Boys".

The reinvigoration of the St Patrick's College Old Boys’ Association (SPOB) in 2016 provides a contact point for several different Old Boy sporting clubs like Cricket, Rugby and Football and other special interest groups such as returned servicemen, careers and the Vestra Bursary Fund.

St Patrick's Rugby Club
St Patrick's Rugby Club was established in 1964 as a rugby league club as that was the code of football played at the college at the time. In 1965 the college changed to rugby union, and the club followed suit the following year and entered the Western Suburbs Under 20 competition. The club originally played in a white jersey with a black collar and now plays in a black jumper with a gold collar, as does the college First XV. The club plays in the New South Wales Suburban Rugby Union and has won four club championships and two first-grade premierships. Since its promotion to Kentwell Cup First Division in 1974 is one of only two clubs to never have been relegated. The club plays its home games at Hudson Park, Strathfield.

title: St Patrick's College, Strathfield


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Socialist Front (Puerto Rico)

The Socialist Front (Frente Socialista, FS) is a coalition of far-left and pro-independence political organizations in Puerto Rico. The Socialist Front also includes non-partisan activists.

The FS was launched on November 4, 1990, as an initiative of the Socialist Workers' Movement (MST) joining with the Political Formation Workshop and the Puerto Rican Workers Party-Macheteros. In 2005 the MST officially disaffiliated with the Frente Socialista, and Puerto Rican Workers' Revolutionary Party, and the Political Education Workshop did the same in 2008, but the Frente has continued on. The Frente's principal spokespersons were Rafael Bernabe Riefkohl and Jorge Farinacci.

Affiliated group:

 * Communist Refoundation - a segment of the old Puerto Rican Communist Party

The FS participates in the São Paulo Forum and the World Social Forum. Its supporters in New York City are organized in the Working Group on Puerto Rico.

In 2006, the leader Jorge Farinacci García died of cancer, prompting a message of condolences from the Party for Socialism and Liberation.

Ideology
As a coalition of multiple tendencies, opinions often vary internally, however, amongst its stated public positions; it has supported general strikes, supports the presidency of Nicolás Maduro, and has previously condemned acts of terrorism, saying:"Motivated by the esteem and respect for human life that inspires our socialist ideals, we reject all attacks that irresponsibly or indiscriminately attempts against the life of any human being. Conscientious of the difference between the governments and the peoples, we repudiate all actions that, to strike governments, or to protest against some measures, however unjust they may be, strike in its place defenseless people."

Endorsements
In the 2000 Puerto Rican elections, the FS endorsed the Puerto Rican Independence Party. In the 2004 elections, the Socialist Front promoted a voting boycott but condemned the MINH's support for the pro-Commonwealth Popular Democratic Party (PPD). Furthermore, the Socialist Front sustained and nurtured its decades-long alliance with the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party and the Puerto Rican Independence Party (PIP).

title: Socialist Front (Puerto Rico)


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User talk:Murthy BS

Dear Literary Lovers:

Let me make the world privy to my six affairs wrapped up under the covers of the SelfImprint imprints found only in the bookstores in South Indian cities.

Fiction:

Benign Flame: saga of love (in three parts of 357 pages) Price: Rs. 150

Crossing the Mirage (in 23 chapters of 244 pages)Price: Rs. 150

Jewel-less Crown: saga of life (as Book One ‘Artha And Kama’ of 17 chapters and Book Two ‘Dharma and Moksha’ in 12 chapters, in all 244 pages) Price: Rs. 150

Non-fiction:

Puppets of Faith – theory of communal strife (in 27 chapters of 252 pages)Price: Rs.165

Bhagavad-Gita: treatise of self-help (translation in verse in contemporary idiom with codification of interpolations of Vyas’s Sanskrit classic of 700 slokas forming part of Maha Bharatha, 205 pages) Price: Rs. 145

Sundara Kanda: Hanuman’s Odyssey (translation in 2,951 verses from Valmiki’s Ramayana, 290 pages) Price: Rs 150

I believe that none would have the heart to suggest that it might be vanity publishing after all. Any way, one self-published book would have addressed the vanity factor, if any. Moreover, I would not have written six before I self-published one.

How are my books apart?

Ay you are aware, as against the ‘sky is the limit’ western market for fiction, there are no more than a thousand or so takers in India for the Indian novel in English.

Understandably, it is this poverty of our market that prompts the aspiring Indian writers to look at the Western markets for their literary salvation. However, the western publishers and their Indian outposts are averse to publish any fiction exploring the human condition of the natives for want of Western interest in them. All this predictably led to the phenomenon of the made to order Indian English novel – if it is not the case of Western characters in the Indian setting, then it must be the Indian diaspora on the Western stage. One only has to compare this compulsion with the continental fiction of the 19th century, conceived for the native readers with no eye on the English readers in translations. Thus, fiction to impact a reader should be the tale of a people in a given time and not a hotchpotch of characters from the East and the West. My fictional works sans western props are apart from what was written in Indian English for some decades now.

What are they about?

All my three novels embellished with compelling characters in intriguing plots explore the human condition in a way not hitherto explored in the annals of literature.

In ‘Benign Flame – saga of love’, adultery is uniquely dealt with in these words of the paramour -

'Roopa, you know how I love you,' he said, looking into her eyes, 'I'll do everything to make you happy. All said and done, our love is only a part of your life. Should you remain perturbed in your married life, in spite of our love life, you would still be unhappy. Love your husband and make him happy so that you could be happier yourself. Only your all round happiness could make me feel gratified about our love.'

What was Roopa’s considered response?

'I'm really proud of you, darling,' she said hugging him tightly as she released her lips, 'I'll bring it about if only to prove the power of our love. I thought about what you've said and realized that it makes sense. As you've pictured the sentimental aspects so clearly, I could see the practical utility of it all. After all, adultery could be a double jeopardy for women!' she continued thoughtfully, 'well liaisons won't address the marital irritants that push women into the alien arms. To make it worse for them, affairs induce a feeling of guilt, pricking their conscience. Thus, while still having to endure that which made them adulterous, women in liaison find themselves carrying the cross of infidelity as well. Besides, the fear of exposure in time would impart dullness to their sense of excitement, robbing them the thrills on the frills. When in the end, the inevitable desertion is on hand, won't women wonder about the futility of it all? Well, it looks like your idea could be a via media, and I feel enslaved by your intellectual love.'

In ‘Crossing the Mirage’ the dynamics of unrequited love acquire a new dimension thus-

“Then came the envelope on the New Year's Eve. As I opened it with a premonition, I found a greeting card staring at my face. In all nervousness I looked for an accompanying letter, and to my shock I found none. Then I could see the writing on the wall scripted by her silence. Thus, I knew that I was at the losing end. What a crass way for her to sign-off with someone who loved her more than himself?

After all, didn’t I deserve a letter at least, even if she wanted to desert? Is it the same woman who I thought was a gem? I felt as though I'd lost my capacity to think for a while. Instead, for the first time in my adult life, I cried that night in self-pity.

At length, as I reviewed my tragedy as it evolved, the fact that she had manipulated my weakness to suit the needs of her life became apparent. Then, suddenly, I could see a parallel in my life when I was at the giving end. Oh how shocked I was at that as I recalled how I happened to treat a neighbour girl in like fashion. Thanks to my own sense of hurt, the magnitude of misery I would've caused her sank into my consciousness. And that led to a sinking feeling in me. Ashamed of myself, in the end, I started crying for her and stopped worrying for myself.”

In ‘Jewel-less Crown – saga of life’ spirituality of materialism is expostulated thus:

'You know the role money played in the downfall of our family,' he began as they went back into their room, 'while I served the sentence, I thought long and hard about it. In time, I realized that it's the character of money to corrupt the ardent, tease the vacillating and curse the disinterested. That way there seems to be no escape for man from money. You're damned if you have it and equally damned for the lack of it.'

'Money is best in its moderation, isn't it?' she said as though to convert him to her point of view.

'Make money the measure, and you are in for trouble, for that would keep you in its grip forever,' he said taking her into his arms, 'what is extravagant today may be moderate tomorrow and what is moderate today may be meager by the morrow.'

'How to go about it then?' she seemed puzzled.

'One should try to demystify money to see what really it is worth. Well the accumulated millions of a miser add up to zero, likewise, the crores with a spendthrift will not add up to much. Thus, money has no value of its own, in spite of the awe in which man holds it. As for the power of wealth, it's only in the mind, of the haves and the have-nots alike.'

Novelty in non-fiction:

‘Puppets of Faith- theory of communal strife’

Apart from its novel way of dealing with the subject, it may be noted that my book is perhaps the first by a Hindu that seeks to understand and analyze the import and impact of the Semitic faiths on the stage of human strife. Being an outsider to thee three religious doctrines, in ‘Puppets of Faith’, one can expect to have an outsider’s analysis of the insides of not only Islam but also Judaism and the Christianity.

"This book seeks to outline the background of the Musalman-kafir animosity on one hand and the Hindu – Muslim communal divide on the other, both products of one or more of the scriptural notions, religious dogma, medieval history and modern politics, or all put together. As one cannot understand man unless he understands his religion, so the religious ethos not only of Hinduism and Islam but also of the Christianity, the Judaism and the Buddhism are sketched here for the reader to understand how scriptures by themselves could contribute to social discord. Also since man carries the historical deadwood, in spite of himself, the history that connects and disconnects the Semitic religions and which divides the Hindu Muslim emotions is recalled to appreciate the background to the communal strife.

After all, there is more to religion than meets the eye, and that is the overriding faith and feeling of the believer. Besides, as the Islamic creed is more so a product of Muhammad’s persona than the other Semitic faiths were, the influence of his character in shaping the ethos of the Musalman has been analyzed. Won’t the Muslims themselves concede that their endeavour would be to follow the straight path of Islam as earnestly as they could, as others have, any way, strayed onto the satanic path? It is this mind-set that makes Muslims apart in the religious sense. How could this possibly govern the Muslim psyche is theorized in this book by fusing the information gathered from Roland E Miller’s "Muslim Friends – Their Faith and Feeling" with the psychological aspects of Parent, Child and Adult, propositioned in "I’m Ok – You’re Ok", the famous work of Thomas A. Harris.”

What did the informed say?

Blurb of “Benign Flame - saga of love”:

As Roopa’s ambition of becoming a doctor turns into a pipedream by her father’s refusal, she opts to marry out of turn to save her sister’s morganatic love, however, with a lurking hope that her husband might help her cause. When Sathyam, whom she married, was averse to her idea, she feels let-down and turns apathetic towards him. However, when she goes to attend her friend Sandhya’s marriage, she loses her heart to Raja Rao, the groom. Benign Flame is but the unfolding saga of Roopa’s life and times.

The author has convinced the readers that love is something far beyond marriage tie and fulfillment of love can be attained without marriage bondage. The author has achieved a minor revolution without any paraphernalia of revolution in the third part of the novel – The Quest.

The plot is quite effective, and it’s a refreshing surprise to discover that the story will not trace a fall into disaster for Roopa, given that many writers might have habitually followed that course with a wife who strays into extramarital affairs - Spencer Critchley, Literary Critic, USA

The author makes free use of – not interior monologue as such, but – interior dialogue of the character with the self, almost resembling the dramatic monologue of Browning. Roopa, Sandhya, Raja Rao and Prasad to a considerable extent and Tara and Sathyam to a limited degree indulge in rationalization, trying to analyse their impulses and drives. – The Journal of Indian Writing in English. About Crossing the Mirage: One could say that it is a well-constructed novel, rounded, and doling out poetic justice in large quantities. Using a kind of interior monologue for most of the narrative, the writer attempts to analyse and project the inferiority complex of the protagonist, resulting from his inherited ‘unhandsomeness’; and this is the ‘mirage’ he has to cross, with the help of his wife. Crass materialism of Vasu, gullibility of Nitya, primness of Prema and the prejudice of Satya, are the personal mirages these characters are called upon to cross. They all, except Vasu, succeed at the end – Triveni, India’s Literary and Cultural Quarterly. Jewel-less Crown – saga of life: In Gautam’s rise and fall resulting in his enlightenment the dramatic twists and turns keep the interest of the readers. Gautam encourages kama to attain artha which in turn makes him to discern dharma leading him towards moksha. The novelist strikes a balance between the carnal and the spiritual in the novel with ingenuity - Triveni, India’s Literary and Cultural Quarterly. About “Bhagavad-Gita – treatise of self-help”

A monumental work, and as I went through the pages I felt I was swimming in nectar – Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, poet and scholar, Hyderabad.

About “Sundara Kanda-Hanuman’s Odyssey”

It is entitled to the regard of all the informed readers. I see it will be a grand success in the world of readers - Gunturu Seshendra Sarma, poet and scholar, Hyderabad.

BS Murthy places easy readability as the prime criterion. The titles tickle the enquiring mind as appropriate signposts: womanizer at work, carrot and stick, itching to fight, odyssey in a nutshell …Dr. Prema Nandakumar, scholar and critic, Srirangam, Tamil Nadu, India.

The rendering makes it a book of nursery rhymes - Dr. Bhargavi Rao, short story writer, translator and literary critic, Hyderabad”

Yours Literally,

BS Murthy

title: User talk:Murthy BS


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User talk:Pastor Visser

Please do not add commercial links — or links to your own private websites — to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a vehicle for advertising or a mere collection of external links. See the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. -Willmcw 05:26, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pastor Visser


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jay, The Conservative

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE.  Rob e  rt  17:11, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Jay, The Conservative
nn--Trovatore 05:29, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as total, utter nonsense. [ edit ] 05:30, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Just barely makes claims to notability, but is totally non-verifiable and obviously a dumb joke. --W.marsh 05:34, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete NN and vanity --Rogerd 05:51, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity.--Alhutch 06:22, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and borderline speedy as nonsense.--Isotope23 16:53, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Captain Bogg and Salty

Captain Bogg and Salty was a pirate-themed rock band from Portland, Oregon, and a representative member of the subgenre of pirate rock. The band was well known for their live shows, performed in full pirate regalia. The band members each portrayed crew members of the pirate ship Pollywogg, ranging from the ship's captain, Angus Bogg, to the lowly deck-hand Salty.

The band enjoyed success in the Pacific Northwest as both children's entertainers, and as a band enjoyed by adults—having performed numerous sold-out appearances in both children's venues (such as libraries) and adult venues (such as nightclubs). They performed the same material in both types of venue; they have been quite adept at crossing the generation gap.

History
The band was formed in 1999 by Kevin Hendrickson, a musician involved with several other pirate-themed bands, most notably Pirate Jenny, and Loren Hoskins, a voice actor and comedian from the Portland area. The duo produced the band's first album, Bedtime Stories for Pirates as a concept album. The album was well-received, and is found in many pirate-themed attractions, including the Treasure Island Hotel and Casino. As demand grew, four additional musicians joined the band, including fellow Pirate Jenny alumnus Paul Iannotti, and local stage actor Andy Lindberg, who as a teenager garnered some measure of infamy for his portrayal of "Lardass" Hogan in the 1986 Rob Reiner film Stand By Me. The band released three additional albums: Pegleg Tango (2005), Prelude to Mutiny (2006), and Emphatical Piratical (2009). Pegleg Tango was enthusiastically reviewed by Entertainment Weekly magazine.

The band also played several shows in the New York City area in October 2006, culminating in an appearance opening for Harvey Danger at the famed Maxwell's nightclub in Hoboken, New Jersey. In September 2007, Lindberg went on hiatus to pursue an acting career in New York City, according to the band's website.

Hendrickson and Hoskins also wrote and performed the music for the Disney Junior animated television series Jake and the Never Land Pirates.

Band members
The band had the following members. In addition to instruments played, the characters aboard the Pollywogg are listed.

 * Loren Hoskins (Vocals, Percussion) — Portrays the characters of Captain Bogg, Salty, Charlie Scuppers (the navigator), Mr. Gilly (the bosun)
 * Kevin Hendrickson (Guitar, Accordion, Banjo, Vocals) — Portrays First Mate McGraw, Chucklehead Pete (cabin boy)
 * Paul Iannotti (Piano, Vocals) — Portrays Sunny Jim, the sea-cook.
 * Lucas Haley (Bass, Vocals) — Portrays Mr. Filibuster, a crewman who formerly sailed with the Royal Navy.
 * Dave Owen (Drums, Vocals) — Portrays Ramshackle, the ship's carpenter.

Band members on hiatus:

 * Andy Lindberg (Guitar, Vocals) — Portrays Buckle, the gunner aboard the Pollywog.
 * Botielus (Accordion, Vocals) — Portrays Squeezy, the lime squeezer aboard the Pollywog.

Discography
The band released four albums, self-published under the "Scabbydisc" label.

Bedtime Stories For Pirates (1999)

 * 1) Recruitin' the Crew (Loren Hoskins, Kevin Hendrickson)
 * 2) I'm a Singin' Pirate (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 3) Deedle Dee Toe (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 4) Cat O Nine Tales (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 5) Scurvy (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 6) Weather Eye (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 7) Billy Bones (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 8) Manatee (Andy Lindberg)
 * 9) The Pollywogg (Hoskins, Hendrickson; music traditional)

Pegleg Tango (2005)

 * 1) Age of Buccaneers (spoken)
 * 2) Weigh Anchor
 * 3) I'm a Pirate
 * 4) Pieces of 8ight
 * 5) Happy Birthday Chucklehead (spoken)
 * 6) Pirate Party
 * 7) Scallywagg (Lindberg)
 * 8) Nellie the Elephant (Ralph Butler, Peter Hart (songwriter))
 * 9) Sea Monster (Paul Ianotti)
 * 10) What it's Really Like on a Ship
 * 11) The Tortuga Caper (spoken)
 * 12) Pegleg Tango
 * 13) Sea Kings
 * 14) Pull Away Home

The track Pegleg Tango is credited to a fictitious dance instructor named "HiJack Katanga", though actually performed by Hoskins.

Prelude to Mutiny (2006)

 * 1) Drunken Sailor (traditional)
 * 2) Bosun Whistle
 * 3) Mutiny of the Hispaniola
 * 4) Days and Days (Hendrickson)
 * 5) Loneliest Sailor (Iannotti)
 * 6) Part of Your World (Howard Ashman, Alan Menken)
 * 7) Doldrums (Lindberg)
 * 8) Wind
 * 9) Dead Men Tell No Tales
 * 10) Hoist the Grog

Emphatical Piratical (2009)

 * 1) Emphatical Piratical (music by Jacques Offenbach, lyrics and arrangement by Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 2) Don't Drink Sea Water (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 3) Port Side (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 4) Treading the Seas for Pirate Gold (Hendrickson)
 * 5) Bunnyjacks (Hoskins, Hendrickson)
 * 6) Frogg Island (Hoskins, Lucas Haley)
 * 7) Purple Tiki (Hoskins, Hendrickson, Dave Owen)
 * 8) The Plank Walker
 * 9) Sea Monster II (Iannotti)
 * 10) Never Smile at a Crocodile (Sammy Fain, Sammy Cahn)
 * 11) Waltz of the Waves (Lindberg)
 * 12) Who's at Captain's Table? (Hoskins, Hendrickson)

title: Captain Bogg and Salty


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Flor de Caña

Flor de Caña (Spanish for "sugarcane flower") is a brand of premium rum manufactured and distributed by Compañía Licorera de Nicaragua which is headquartered in Managua, Nicaragua and dates back as far as 1890.

History
Flor de Caña is made by Compañía Licorera de Nicaragua, S.A, (CLNSA) and dates back to 1890. The company originally sought to develop a large sugarcane plantation and built the first distillery in Chichigalpa (about 120 km from Managua) at the base of the San Cristóbal Volcano.

Compañía Licorera de Nicaragua was founded in 1937. After building the distillery, it was not until 1937 that Flor de Caña was formally introduced to the Nicaraguan market, with Flor de Caña Etiqueta Amarilla and Flor de Caña Etiqueta Roja being the first two flavors.

In 1959 it was first exported to Venezuela, Costa Rica and other Central American countries. Between 1963 and 1965 the distillery in Chichigalpa underwent modernization updates. Eight years later a second distillery was constructed in Honduras. During the 1980s, Flor de Caña was stored in large quantities due to the Nicaraguan Revolution. By 1990, Flor de Caña had the largest reserve of aged rum in the world.

The distillery in Chichigalpa was completely modernized in 1996. The company now sponsors the Flor de Caña Open, an event on the PGA Tour Latinoamérica, in addition to international bar-mixing competitions. It also sponsors international fishing tournaments of the International Game Fish Association.

Production
Flor de Caña rum is distilled five times during its production. Each rum is aged in a charred oak barrel having previously been used to mature bourbon whiskey, and is also created to comply with kosher standards. The company's rums are aged for up to 25 years. The contemporary line has five premium rums, two super-premium rums, and three ultra premium rums. In 2013 the company updated its bottle design, that includes examples of the rum's award wins and a volcano, intended to represent the volcanic soil of Nicaragua. The rums are distributed in forty-three countries. The Flor de Caña brand symbol is present on all bottles. The logo depicts medals won by the rum and the San Cristobal Volcano.

Products
Flor de Caña produces both white and dark rums. In 2018 it became fair trade certified through Fair Trade USA.

 * Ultra Coco 4
 * Ultra Lite 4
 * Extra Lite 4
 * Extra Seco 4
 * Añejo Oro 4
 * Añejo Clásico 5
 * Gran Reserva 7
 * Blanco Reserva 7
 * Spresso
 * Flor de Caña 12
 * Flor de Caña 18
 * Flor de Cana 25

Recognition
Flor de Caña is renowned as one of the best rums from Latin America, having won more than 150 international awards since 2000 and has been the most award-winning rum brand during this period. It has captured gold, silver, and bronze medals and has received high recommendations from wine and liquor enthusiasts. In 2017 it was recognized at the International Wine and Spirit Competition as the Global Rum Producer of the Year.

title: Flor de Caña


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Macmillan Pass Airport

Macmillan Pass Airport has a 1500 x runway and receives no maintenance. It is along the Canol Road.

The airport is located on the Continental Divide near the border of Yukon and Northwest Territories, Canada. The airport is generally used to support resource exploration and tourism.

title: Macmillan Pass Airport


text:
McQuesten Airport

McQuesten Airport is located on the banks of the Stewart River near McQuesten, Yukon, Canada and receives no maintenance.

title: McQuesten Airport


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Ogilvie Aerodrome

Ogilvie Aerodrome, formerly Ogilvie River Aerodrome, is a registered aerodrome located near Ogilvie River in the Yukon, Canada and has a 50 ft wide runway that receives no maintenance.

During the late-1960s to early-1970s the Canadian Forces used this strip as a place to offload equipment and supplies in the construction of the steel bridge over the Oglive River which was carried out by 3 Field Squadron Canadian Engineers stationed at CFB Chilliwack in British Columbia.

title: Ogilvie Aerodrome


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Pelly Crossing Airport

Pelly Crossing Airport is located 2 NM northeast of Pelly Crossing, Yukon, Canada.

Pelly Crossing Airport is standalone airport with no lights or supporting buildings. Access to or from the North Klondike Highway (Yukon Highway #2) requires contacting the Pelly Crossing Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

title: Pelly Crossing Airport


text:
Pine Lake Aerodrome

Pine Lake Aerodrome, formerly Daughney Aerodrome, is a registered aerodrome located near the Alaska Highway, 63 NM west of Watson Lake, Yukon, Canada.

title: Pine Lake Aerodrome


text:
FC4

FC4 may refer to:

 * Far Cry 4, a 2014 video game
 * CFC4, Macmillan Pass Airport, Transport Canada's airport code
 * Release 4 of the Fedora Core Linux distribution
 * Fiber Channel protocol mapping layer
 * FC4: an EEG electrode site according to the 10-20 system

title: FC4


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FP4

FP4 may refer to:
 * CFP4, an International Civil Aviation Organization airport code for McQuesten Airport, Yukon, Canada
 * FP4 plus, a black-and-white photographic film by Ilford Photo, latest version being called FP4 Plus or FP4+
 * Fourth Framework Programme (FP4), a European Union funding scheme for research projects
 * The Roland FP4, an electric piano
 * Fairphone 4

title: FP4