text:
Talk:DJ Screw

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Kingha94.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 18:57, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
'' The following are tribute albums or fake albums with DJ Screw's name on them (not real DJ Screw albums):

Italic text'' Added:
 * 1) "Screw Tape In the Deck 1"
 * 2) "Screw Tape In the Deck 2"
 * 3) "Screw Tape In the Deck 3. The Final Chapter"
 * 4) "Syrup City Ballas"
 * 5) "Soldiers United 4 Cash Series"
 * 6) "Soldiers United 4 Cash Platinum Edition"
 * 7) "Unconditional Love (Screwed)"

 * 1) 3 N' the Mornin' Part 1
 * 2) All Work, No Play
 * 3) All Screwed Up, Vol. 2

I believe All Work... and All Screwed Up, Vol. 2 are actual Screw Tapes. Am I misunderstanding the above comment? --Driscoll 00:37, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

All Work, No Play 3 N' the Morning Pt. 1 & 2 All Screwed up, are all commercially released Dj Screw mixes. You can buy them at most music stores (except 3 in the morning pt 1, I haven't been able to find it for years now). 3 in the morning and all screwed up are on Bigtyme Records. I'm not sure if you can get them at the Screw shop. It's a fact that Dj Screw had made 4 CD'S... "3 N Da Mornin" and "All Work No Play". When he made 3 N Da Mornin, he made part 1, part 2, high with the blanksta, and part 2 remix. There is a 2nd " All work no play" But I don't believe he(Screw) made it. He most likely mixed the songs, but didn't put it on cd's. All those Cd's that are named above, He mixed songs on the cd's, but then some other dj's wanted to slow a song or 2 down as a tribute. BY:Tiana

Screw's Birthday
User 66.25.188.76 added the following text to the article: "NOTE: DJ Screw was born in Smithsville, Texas

I have reverted the edit. If it's true can someone put it in properly. --Spondoolicks 22:37, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't know where he was born, but "Smithsville, Texas" is not a place. Right now the article says "Smithville," a place that exists. The link below of "www.governor.state.tx.us" doesn't work. I'm not impressed by the suggestion to watch a DVD to discover his birthdate. Generally, this section of the talk is a mess. Wastrel Way (talk) Eric

He was born in san antonio, TX p http://www.governor.state.tx.us/divisions/music/tour/birthdays.htm

Birthdate incorrectly listed as June 27th. THAT IS NOT HIS BIRTHDATE. Please watch "Soldiers United 4 Cash" DVD and see the following link for the correct birthdate July 21. June 27th is the birthdate of another rapper from his click named JUT.

Workers at Screwed Up records have informed me that Screw's birthday was July 21st.

June 27th Mixtape Confusion
Big Moe clarifies confusion over his b-day in the DJ Screw: the Untold Story DVD. June 27th is BIG JUT's birthday and the name of one of the most wellirthday of D-Moe, not Big Jut, Screw, or Big Moe. If u listen to the shouts over the K-Dee "Freshest Mc" instrumental on the June 27th tape, you can hear everyone saying happy b-day to D-Moe. Big Jut was not on the June 27th tape.Djcomatoast 06:29, 26 September 2007 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Djcomatoast 06:29, 26 September 2007 (UTC)06:13, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

NPOV/References
I originally placed an tag on this article. I now see that the main problem is actually the lack of references, so I have replaced it with a tag.

Statements like this are obviously non-neutral however and need to be edited/removed: "rivaled if not improved upon the original songs...."

Statements like this one need to be cited: "owe much of their success to DJ Screw and give proper credit in many of their songs...." - Zepheus (ツィフィアス)

Partial Discography
How is it possible that a "partial" discography has 35 albums? Seems more like a discography than a partial one.

It's possible if you are DJ screw, there are a lot of screw tapes out there

 * Actually not including underground mixtapes this seems to be his full discography. Look up DJ Screw Discography and you'll get a list somewhere between 35 and 38 titles. Angrymansr 14:32, 13 June 2007 (UTC)

It's not a full discography. Look at the website of Screwed Up Records and Tapes. They sell the original, official recordings. There are more than 100 different tapes. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.69.222.221 (talk) 05:28, 24 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Here's the deal. DJ Screw made cassette tapes. That was the medium of choice for listening in your car in the 1990s. A whole cassette tape (120 minutes) won't fit on a CD, which holds only 80 minutes of music. So, to begin with, "discography" is not the word. Today, streaming is an option, and there is "no limit". This probably needs to be explained in the article when referring to his work. Wastrel Way (talk) Eric

Codeine Reference
Slowing down the song was supposed to recreate the effect of recreationally using Promethazine with Codeine also known as "lean" or "purple drank" in Houston parlance. This statement is incorrect Dj Screw began slowing down music long before he ever used codeine recreationally and this was not part of the vision he created. He even denounces this rumor in the soilders united for cash dvd —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

Robert Davis
Birth name: robert davis Age:unknown —Preceding unsigned comment added by Robertdavis11 (talk • contribs) 00:41, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

College project reviews
This article is the subject of a college project, per School and university projects. The following items all relate to that project. —C.Fred (talk) 01:29, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Comment
Well-written: its prose is engaging, even brilliant, and of a professional standard;

The information presented in this page about DJ Screw is very informative and well-written. Aside from a few grammatical errors, I am always interested in reading biographies and this page does nice job of synthesizing the life of DJ Screw.

Comprehensive: it neglects no major facts or details and places the subject in context [and what might be missing?]

By no means does this lack information about the accomplishments and related works that DJ Screw compiled throughout his lifetime. Perhaps there could be a new section that talks about some of DJ Screw’s “screw-tapes” to give an idea of how DJ Screw compiled his tapes. A quick fix to this would be to link the term ‘djing’ to another Wikipedia page titled ‘disc jockey.’ While this is a popular term, it may help readers understand the nature of work that DJ Screw was involved with. Nevertheless, this page does a great job providing a background story of how DJ Screw got involved with his work and how his mother’s music collection had a profound impact on his tapes.

Well-researched: it is characterized by a thorough and representative survey of relevant literature on the topic. Claims are verifiable against high-quality reliable sources and are supported with citations; this requires a "References" section in which sources are listed, complemented by inline citations where appropriate; [are there a variety of sources/viewpoints?]

Although there are only 7 references provided in this page, the information provided is reflective of reliable sources. On the other hand, as noted at the top of the page, additional sources are needed to enhance and verify some of the information provided. If all of the information presented in the page is also found in any of the 7 sources presented, than one quick fix for this could be to add additional ‘inline citations’ immediately following the facts presented in the page opposed to adding the citation at the end of the section.

Neutral: it presents views fairly and without bias

After reading through this page, I did not notice any biased information or subjective opinions. In terms of DJ Screw’s “screw-tapes,” are there any critiques available that could be referenced in this page? Perhaps this information could be included under the ‘legacy’ section as similar information has been included.

Formatted appropriately: it follows Wikipedia style guidelines.

For the most part, the layout of the page is in alignment with the style guidelines of Wikipedia with the exception of the “screw-tapes” sub-section of the ‘discography’ heading. One way of displaying this information could be with a 3 column graph. Another strategy for breaking up this information would be to display the tapes by release date. As noted at the top of the page, check to make sure that all information presented is referenced with a verifiable source. If there is any additional information available about DJ Screw’s “screw-tapes,” you could add a section about the impact of the tapes on his life/work/etc. One last note – are there any external links available to his tapes that could be provided within the page to explore some of the works listed (i.e. under the ‘discography’ heading).

All in all, the depth of information presented in this page is meaningful and relevant to the life of DJ Screw and the page has been constructed in a logical manner. Nice job! HeelFan2445 (talk) 17:16, 16 April 2011 (UTC)

Peer Review by Beatkins (talk) 10:30, 19 April 2011 (UTC)Well-written: Very well writen. I thought it looked very professional and had a lot of facts that were backed up by cites.

Comprehensive: it was very easy to follow this page. I liked how at the top you were able to give the quick overview and then went into more detail. It was easy to follow his life through this site.

Well-researched: Very well researched i would try and think about maybe puting a book as a site though

Neutral: well writen didn't seem as if it was writen by a fan or a hater. very factual.

Formatted appropriated: love iT. i like how you went into detail about him wanting to be a truck driver before wanting to be a Dj

Pier review
Well-written- Very well written, takes information and makes it easy to read/follow. Comprehensive- Provides a lot of information about DJ Screw, doesnt seem to leave anything out. Good organization of information and a good selection of subtitles! Well-researched- Does not lack information, however the more sources that provide info the better, even if it is repetitive it could make your page even more legitimate. Provides information in a very neutral way, the format of the page is very organized, keep up the good work. Brechbue (talk) 21:35, 17 April 2011 (UTC)

Peer Review by Bpellis (talk) 00:30, 18 April 2011 (UTC)
Well-written: I thought that it was very cleaver to make a bibliography for DJ Screw for your Wikipedia entry. It looked very professional and followed the Wikipedia format correctly. There were only a few grammar errors that are easy to fix.

Comprehensive: I think you did a great job with all of the information you gave throughout the page. One of the things I would like to see would be some more early life information, and if anything in his childhood inspired him.

Well-researched: After going through the sources you provided, I thought they were trustworthy. One thing I would add would be more citations.

Neutral: I definitely think your page presents views fairly and without bias.

Formatted appropriated: I believe the Wikipedia page is formatted correctly. I also believe it is well structured. The only thing I would recommend changing would be the citations throughout the page.

Bpellis (talk) 00:28, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Peer Review by Johnstc Johnstc (talk) 22:17, 17 April 2011 (UTC)
Overall great job and a very creative topic. I would not think of something like this to do research on but it is perfect because you can be specific and almost create a bibliography for DJ Screw.

Well Written: I think the bibliography aspect of the Wikipedia entry is very good. One thing I would try to add is more links within your page. It will make it look much more professional as well as create the Wikipedia guidelines. I feel like this page has created a very professional feel and is well written. I noticed a few grammer errors throughout the page, mainly at the bottom in the Death and Legacy sections. I also feel like those sections should be a bit more expanded and deepened with the history of what happened.

Comprehensive: I thought you did a great job illustrating where he was from and the background he was raised in. I think you need to expand in dates and exact places DJ Screw was throughout his life and career. I am a little confused what else he was involved with except for a DJ and a little bit of obstacles. I think it would be smart to expand on his life growing up and learning the ways. Who does he learn from? What exact does he take from each person?

Well- Researched:I feel like the sources used at the bottom of the page are very reliable. Personally, I would like to see a few more links and proof of where you found exact dates and information if I was using this as an educational purpose. I feel like the citing part is a bit weak. I think it would be great to show in detail where the citations were used within the page of your DJ Screw article.

Neutral: There does not seem to be a bias in any direction. My one thought would be that her writter assumes that people are a little educated on this man, and in fact I have no idea who he is. I think you just outlined a great use of information and recorded accurate data.

Formatted Appropriately: This article does follow Wikipedia guidelines. I feel the main change is that links need to be made within the page to other Wikipedia pages. I feel like the writer needs to pay more attention to "screw tapes" and make sure it is fitting into the page and organized the same way as the rest of the information.

I think overall this page is very informative and has a deep value. Good work!! Johnstc (talk) 22:17, 17 April 2011 (UTC)Johnstc

Peer Review By Dion Guy User:Trheel57
Overll great job and a very interesting topic.

Strengths: You all had great sources to back your information up. Also this page was well structure and I feel as though the information was well in order. Also I felt that your page was neutral and that this page was not biased in anyway.

weaknesses: I really did not see any weaknesses, but I think you could have talk about some artists that DJ Screw influenced. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tarheel57 (talk • contribs) 23:37, 17 April 2011 (UTC)

Peer Review
The information is all relevant and should probably be included at some point. Careful about use of past and present tense. He “was” a DJ, but he “is” the creator. Some of the sentences are a little too complex. Try to remove eliminate unnecessary information. I would include the death in the biography, and mention the controversy about it in there. No need to add unnecessary headings. Same things goes for the subheadings under Legacy. I also think that it reads a little too much like a narrative. It’s important to include factual information that is important to understanding his story, but minor details can be omitted. This is highly comprehensive… I was impressed with the extent to which you covered the discography. Coverage of his life, legacy, and his musical contributions are what is needed and what is covered here. The inline citations seem to reference reliable resources. Be careful not to editorialize. “cast a large shadow in Houston.” Things that can’t be measured usually require some kind of value judgment. Just quote somebody who says something like that, instead of stating it flat out. As far as I can see, you’ve provided the necessary citations. The screw tapes are kind of disorganized in a list. I would use a table. Earthtoclay (talk) 02:51, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Peer Review By Levi Michael

Well-written: I thought the page was well written other than some grammatical errors. Could use another proof read, but for the most part it was logical and professional.

Comprehensive: The page seemed to be in order and had good progression. It was also well organized.

Well-researched: I feel like the page was well-researched. There was significant information covering the topic to its entirety. Also, good job with the amount and validity of the citation, this makes the page more reliable.

Neutral: The page does not show bias and presents views fairly.

Formatted appropriated: This page had solid presentation and follows Wikipedia style guidelines. Looked similar to many other official Wikipedia pages.

Leviburt (talk) 03:57, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Peer Review by Beatkins (talk) 10:30, 19 April 2011 (UTC)Well-written: Very well writen. I thought it looked very professional and had a lot of facts that were backed up by cites.

Comprehensive: it was very easy to follow this page. I liked how at the top you were able to give the quick overview and then went into more detail. It was easy to follow his life through this site.

Well-researched: Very well researched i would try and think about maybe puting a book as a site though

Neutral: well writen didn't seem as if it was writen by a fan or a hater. very factual.

Formatted appropriated: love iT. i like how you went into detail about him wanting to be a truck driver before wanting to be a Dj —Preceding unsigned comment added by Brooke.atkinson (talk • contribs) 17:49, 30 April 2011 (UTC)

Mixtapes
An IP just removed the overly-detailed template from the section listing the screw-tapes. Is that section warranted, or should the list of titles be pared back? —C.Fred (talk) 17:23, 18 March 2012 (UTC)
 * The mixtapes should be added in a table under this section. An artist's discography is essential, even when there are a lack of references. Ben0kto (talk) 18:48, 2 November 2013 (UTC)

 * Side note: After a google search, it appears that most of the Screw-tape releases listed aren't actually bootleg tapes, but official Screwed Up Click Records releases. Ben0kto (talk) 19:08, 2 November 2013 (UTC)

Additional information in 'Legacy' section
It should be mentioned that the Screwed Up Records and Tapes location at 7717 Cullen Blvd in Houston, TX has been relocated to 3538 West Fuqua, Houston, TX. Also, merchandise/recordings/memorabilia can be purchased online now at http://screweduprecords.com/. This would be beneficial for new fans or those looking to find more current info on SUC and Screw. --Kingha94 (talk) 21:46, 4 October 2016 (UTC)

Considerations should also be made to include the following: Although much of today's music is influenced by DJ Screw's contributions, there is one genre that openly acknowlgdes its ties to screwed and chopped music. Witch house (music genre) is a sub-genre of EDM that mixes slowed down beats with skipping.

Here is an article that features interviews from those associated with the witch house band, Salem. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/07/arts/music/07witch.html Kingha94 (talk) 21:32, 20 October 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:DJ Screw


text:
Swabian Turkey

Swabian Turkey (Schwäbische Türkei, Sváb-Törökország, Švapska turska) is a term describing a southwestern region of Hungary delimited by the Danube (Donau) and Drava (Drau) rivers, inhabited by the Germans of Hungary, an ethnic German minority. This modern-day minority, the largest German-speaking one in Hungary, primarily lives in the counties of Tolna (Tolnau), Baranya (Branau), and Somogy (Schomodei), and is the largest population of the Danube Swabians (Donauschwaben). Despite the name, virtually no ethnic Turks live in the region; rather, the name refers to the area being formerly Turkish (Ottoman) territory before being repopulated by Germans ("Swabians").

Background
After the Ottoman Empire was defeated in the Second Battle of Mohács in 1687, the Habsburg monarchy forced the Ottoman Turks to leave the Kingdom of Hungary. Because much of the Pannonian Plain had been depopulated during the Ottoman wars in Europe, the Habsburgs began to resettle the land with Germans, especially from Swabia.

Settlement
German colonization in southeastern Transdanubia began in 1689. While many came from Swabia, the German settlers also came from the Rhenish Palatinate, Hesse, the Westerwald, Fulda (district), Mosel-Saar-Ruwer, Electorate of Trier, Electoral Palatinate, Bavaria, and throughout Franconia. Because of the many Swabian colonists from Upper Swabia, northern Lake Constance, upper Danube, Southern Black Forest and Principality of Fürstenberg settling on land previously controlled by the Turks, the region of Tolna, Somogy and Baranya counties became known as Swabian Turkey. The settlers were often induced to immigrate to Hungary with the promise of three years without taxes. The vast majority of German settlement was organized by private ventures run by the nobility or the Roman Catholic Church. Most of the German settlement was in pre-existing Slav- or Magyar-inhabited villages, but some new villages were also founded by Germans. The only two German-founded villages remaining in Swabian Turkey that were established by state ventures were Dunakömlőd (Kimling) and Németkér (Deutsch-Ker). Germans also settled extensively in the major towns of Pécs (Fünfkirchen) and Mohács (Mohatsch). Swabian Turkey is also referred to as Little Hesse, because many of the Germans settlers in the Baranya were from Hesse, especially from Fulda. Their descendants are called Stifolders.

Post-World War II
During the expulsion of Germans after World War II, many Germans from Swabian Turkey were expelled from their homes and replaced with Hungarians evicted from Czechoslovakia; the remaining Germans were often persecuted by the communist government. After the Fall of Communism in 1989, the Danube Swabians received minority rights, organisations, schools, and local councils and maintained their own regional dialect of German. However, the Germans are gradually being assimilated.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Swabian Turkey


text:
Schleicher ASW 20

The ASW 20 is an FAI 15 metre Class glider designed by Gerhard Waibel and built by Alexander Schleicher GmbH & Co. Its fuselage is nearly identical to that of the ASW 19, mated to newly designed flapped wings for the 15 metre Class. The prototype first flew in 1977. It proved to be a highly successful glider, winning several World Championships, and was still being flown at this level up to 1995. Developments along its production life included winglets, pneumatic turbulators, and wingtip extensions. It remained in production until 1990, when it was superseded by the ASW 27. 765 were built by Schleicher and a further 140 were made under license by Centrair in France.

The ASW 20 was successful in competition, winning numerous world and national championships. Dick Johnson reported that the ASW 20 was the first 15 m glider to demonstrate a measured L/D in excess of 40:1. Roy McMaster, Karl Striedieck and John Seymour won jointly, with others, the world triangle distance record of 1,435 km in 1994 in an ASW 20B. ASW 20s won second and third places in the 15 metre Class at the 1983 World Championships at Hobbs, New Mexico.

Construction
The ASW 20 is constructed from glass-reinforced plastic. It features trailing edge flaps which interconnect with the ailerons and allow the entire trailing edge to operate as a flap between -9 and +5 degrees. The flaps also act as ailerons, but deflect only half of the aileron amount. Schempp-Hirth type airbrakes are provided on the upper wing surface.

The B model (introduced in 1983) differs from the A and C model in that it uses a reinforced wing spar, which provides an increased water ballast capacity at the expense of the flexible wing. The B and C model include several enhancements over the original A model, including a lifting panel, hydraulic disc brake, and automatic elevator hookup. The B and C wings also incorporate a pneumatic turbulator system, which draws high pressure air from pitot inlets on the wing and injects it through approximately 860 pinholes into the boundary layer to control underwing airflow separation.

ASW 20s that include a L designation may be fitted with a 1.59 m wingtip extension. The F designation was assigned to A variants produced in France by Centrair. Centrair also produced an FL variant equivalent to the German ASW20L; most of these are only permitted to fly without the wingtip extensions due to a deficiency in the wing spar construction.

At least three different winglet designs have been produced for the ASW 20, including a NASA winglet fitted to the Centrair gliders (FP), a design by Peter Masak, and a second generation winglet designed by Prof. Mark D. Maughmer of Penn State University (USA).

Flight characteristics
The ASW-20 is known as a very pleasant handling glider in most respects. The wing structure composite layup was designed to twist slightly as the wings flexed upward, resulting in the ability to "store" some of the energy from atmospheric gusts, and then release that energy with a very slight forward thrust force as the wings flexed back downward to their normal position. This concept is known as the Katzmayr Effect, and somewhat mimics a bird's ability to use a flapping motion to propel itself forward in flight. This unique wing twisting movement gave the ASW-20 an ability to make very small but consistent performance gains (or reduced losses) in turbulent and gusty thermal conditions compared to other competition level sailplanes.

The landing flaps (55° in early models, 38° in later models), in conjunction with very effective airbrakes, allow the pilot to make exceptionally steep approaches at slow speeds, permitting very short landings when required. Second generation winglets further improved the handling and reduced drag at low to mid speeds. Thermal performance is comparable to gliders of more modern eras. These characteristics have made the ASW-20 a much beloved and desirable aircraft, even after it was no longer competitive in racing. One very common modification was the insertion of an intermediate flap setting detent (between zero and +1 position) which mitigated or softened any "tip-stall" and associated risk of spinning while thermaling in tight, gusty thermals. The flexible wing of the A and C models is particularly favored for ridge running, where it absorbs some of the tremendous turbulence found at ridgetop.

Variants

 * ASW20: Prototype and initial production
 * ASW20L:the ASW20 with detachable outer wing extensions to 16.59 m span, to compete in the Open-class.
 * ASW20B:
 * ASW20BL:the ASW20B with detachable outer wing extensions to 16.59 m span, to compete in the Open-class.
 * ASW20C:
 * ASW20CL:the ASW20C with detachable outer wing extensions to 16.59 m span, to compete in the Open-class.
 * ASW20CLT: Open-class glider with PSR T01 turbojet sustainer
 * ASW20F: ASW20A produced in France by Centrair
 * ASW20FP: The ASW20F with NASA winglets designed to improve performance in weak conditions.

title: Schleicher ASW 20


text: User talk:136.159.209.171

title: User talk:136.159.209.171


text: Template:User recorder-1

title: Template:User recorder-1


text:
Talk:Cinnamomum cassia

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 25 August 2020 and 25 November 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): TCMexquisite1.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 17:43, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Cinnamomum in Vietnam
I just read that Saigon cinnamon has the Latin name Cinnamomum loureirii. Is this correct? Is it actually a separate species? I'd always thought it was just a variety of cassia. Badagnani 22:39, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * A quick check reveals it to be a distinct, though closely related species (it is already in the species list at Cinnamomum); correct spelling is Cinnamomum loureiroi. I don't know if it differs significantly in flavour, etc. - MPF 10:48, 5 December 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for checking on this. Now the next question is, is some or all of the commercially produced cinnamon from Vietnam C. loureirii or C. cassia? And is "Vietnamese cinnamon" the same as "Saigon cinnamon"? If loureirii then the text about Vietnamese cinnamon in the Cassia article will need to be changed.

In my opinion, Vietnamese cinnamon does have a more intense flavor and a slightly more phenolic smell than regular cassia. Badagnani 18:31, 5 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I don't know! If they are very closely related, I suppose it could even be both mixed. - MPF 01:21, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

Okay, I've made a Saigon cinnamon article, and fixed the text of other articles which mention it. Hope I did it right. Since there are two spellings of the species, I don't know which to put in the taxobox because they're both listed as being the name given to it by Nees. Wonder which is the official one. Badagnani 03:25, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

It looks as if there are many species of Cinnamomum in Vietnam, not just C. loureiroi but also C. cassia and others. So how do we know the actual species of what is being grown and marketed? I had assumed earlier that all the Vietnamese cinnamon was C. loureiroi but that might not be true.

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22quang+nam%22+cinnamomum

http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22quang+nam%22+cassia

Badagnani 15:42, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Apparently that pronunciation ("KAH-shuh") is the correct pronunciation. But the original pronuncation is not well known, like the words plantain ("PLAN-tuhn") or consummate ("con-SUM-muht"). Badagnani 04:31, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

Relation to Cannabis
I just edited out at statement that it's related to cannabis, because from the scientific classification, it seems that the only relation is that both are flowering plants. Ccrrccrr 23:34, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

Cassia buds
Cassia buds are redirected here, but theres no description of this commodity.--Juan de Vojníkov 11:25, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

Use scientific name of Cinnamomum aromaticum to title the article....
which will clearify the confusion with genus Cassia.

In the mean time, I would like to call for implementing of plant coding system and subcoding for plant parts, to serve verification purposes. Such practices have been adopted by other disciplines for ages, which including disease coding, chemical coding, DNA coding, enzyme coding, virus and bacteria coding etc in addition to scientific names. More over, book and journal coding systems also have long histories to live for. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.62.138.21 (talk) 09:32, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

POV in health section
I think the health section is unbalanced. It discusses positive effects but does not emphasize that the substance is toxic. Ulner (talk) 17:17, 20 December 2007 (UTC)

 * What the health risks? I've spent the last half-hour searching the web for any body of knowledge about the specific health risks of "The Cinnamon Challenge". There's tons of kerfuffle out there, and some common-sense explanations: it's bad to inhale it and it might make you throw up. But there are no scientific or medical articles that I was able to find that speak to specific health threats, and a total lack of scientific opinion on how much cinnamon, or even cassia, is harmful, either in gross measurements or related to body mass or other physiology. Since I was not able to find much of use, I have not created a section in the article. "The Cinnamon Challenge" has been around since 2001 and has recently (late 2011/Jan. 2012) become an emergent meme on the web (i.e. exponential growth in searches/hits). With this it's becoming important to have proper information on "The Cinnamon Challenge" especially if there is some specific health threat.
 * Tzf (talk) 06:29, 17 February 2012 (UTC)

Article is hopelessly confused
There are three types of Cassia.

1. Cinnamomum aromaticum: This is native to Southern China. It is sold in broken pieces. 2. Cinnamomum loureiroi: This is native to Vietnam. It is sold in broken pieces. 3. Cinnamomum burmannii: This is native to Indonesia. It is sold in neat quills.

The article constantly refers to Cinnamomum aromaticum being grown in regions where it does not. It is grown solely in Southern China and Vietnam. Cinnamomum burmannii is often sold in the USA in quills or in powdered form as "Cinnamon." All of the discussion about Cassia which is grown in outside of China and Vietnam does not belong on the Cinnamomum aromaticum page.67.169.43.188 (talk) 12:08, 22 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, this article should be titled Cinnamomum cassia. What a tangle! Sminthopsis84 (talk) 15:25, 15 September 2012 (UTC)

Discussion before blanking, please
Please discuss here, thoroughly, before blanking many paragraphs of sourced text, thanks. Badagnani (talk) 03:28, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I just saw the blanked section, and some of the sources are quite weak (it's not enought that sources exist, see WP:FRINGE and WP:UNDUE). I replaced the diabetes journal source with a more recent study from a medical association that was checking the anti-diabetic claims, see here. The Richard Andrews information os about chemical processes, and doesn't seem to have anything to do with actual treatment of diabetes patients.

 * It would be nice to have better sources of its use on chinese TM, but modern study of effects should use better sources. --Enric Naval (talk) 19:07, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

 * There are absolutely no reliable sources that show any reduction of diabetes by cassia. In fact, almost every article written, except for the unreliable ones (I saw one published by a nutraceutical company, ROFLMAO).  Just because like three articles say that it MIGHT have an effect, we cannot give weight to that issue.  It's fringe.  Let's keep the stuff out.  And I'm sorry for deleting the chinese stuff, I didn't see it when deleting.  Thanks Enric for adding that source.   Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 00:52, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

This needs to be re-evaluated. In the first instance, the deleter engaged in misleading arguments to defend his position. Nobody claimed that Cinnamon cured diabetes. (Does insulin cure diabetes?) It was claimed that as a treatment is was helpful for people with diabetes. Secondly, by now, there seems to be a lot more available research. (The deleter restricted his searches only to what was available on the internet eleven years ago.) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.124.116.101 (talk) 14:17, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

Additionally, its use in herbalism to treat symptoms of diabetes historically is well-attested, and deserves to be recorded in any encyclopedia entry on the subject. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.124.116.101 (talk) 14:25, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

Good faith
For the maximum assurance of good faith among your fellow editors, in the future please do not blank many paragraphs without first placing "cite needed" tags or discussing thoroughly at "Discussion." I'll get you started by placing the removed text here:

Badagnani (talk) 04:02, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I have a better idea. Instead of promulgating false science, how about I continue to delete fringe theories until there are reliable sources that verify the claims.  Thanks.   Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 05:40, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * So, I did a quick Pubmed search on "cinnamon alzheimer's". Five articles showed up.  None of them supported the claim.  All you found was an advertising piece from UCSB to try to find some company to partner with them.  There isn't a single published article from UCSB backing up these claims.  So, you want to make a medical claim with a single advertising piece?  I doubt that qualifies as a reliable source.   Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 05:44, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

moving new topic to its own section below "consequences of removing reference" --Enric Naval (talk) 23:43, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Finally, I rarely put citation needed on scientific or medical statements, because I can easily confirm if there's anything out there. I delete when I can't find a reliable source.  Simple as that.  I don't care if you state that cinnamon grows on a garlic-fig tree, because it matters not to me.  Put in unverified medical statements, I get picky.   Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 07:14, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

You haven't addressed the other text, save for a single issue, resorting to boilerplate "I don't like it," "I don't like the sources," etc. with essentially no specifics. The addressing should have taken place *before* the blanking. Please do so in the future, addressing each in detail. You seem to be knowledgeable about this subject (is that correct?), so if you believe "debunking" is necessary, please do so here. I await discussion of the other issues. Badagnani (talk) 05:47, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Dude, I'm incapable of proving the negative. For example, you could write "Camel urine cures male pattern baldness."  I can only disprove it by the lack of sources.  There are no sources for anything written above.  IF there are ongoing studies, where are they being done?  Who's publishing it?  Where?  I can't find these statements sourced anywhere.  That's why they all go.  And please do not assume that I either know or don't know anything.  I could be the village idiot, or Stephen Hawking's alter ego.  In either case, I would expect reliable sources backing up statements.  There is nothing available to support your statements.  Sorry.   Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 07:12, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

You do not have permission to refer to me as "dude" (and doing so undermines your credibility). It would be much better if you actually addressed the comments above rather than bringing up several strange points that lead me to believe you don't truly possess knowledge about this subject (am I correct?). Badagnani (talk) 07:15, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Apart from "dude" statements, the point is that those statements need sources (and, in the case of Alzheimer treatment, a better source, since current source is a study of properties that could potentially be useful for development of a treatment, and not a direct study of efficency of cinnamon on Alzheimer treatment, which makes it quite far-fetched for inclusion on the article in absence of more studies of that efficency) --Enric Naval (talk) 19:24, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Enric, too many years living near the ocean in California. "Dude" is really a term of endearment, with multiple uses and meanings.  In this case, it means "friend, I'm getting frustrated."  A lot of what is written is unsourced and becomes original research.  For example, the UCSB "source" really is an advert to score a licensing deal, and I cannot trace any research back to UCSB.  I think UCSB owns some intellectual property rights that they are trying to market, so since it's not a peer-reviewed source, they make a conclusion that is irrelevant.  Frankly, as with most herbs on Wikipedia, editors jump to conclusions that aren't supported by science and published articles.  I hope you understand dude.  (Meaning, "friend, great comments, and I hope I added to your thoughts.")  Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 21:44, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Heh, on the internets it's better to avoid ambiguous terms in the middle of a discussion, because they can be misinterpreted a derail a discussion big time. I have no idea of the intentions of the UCSB, and it would be massively better to have a link to the original study, to see, among other things, where it was published. --Enric Naval (talk) 22:41, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Ummm, Badagnani did link it above in the huge quote. I think it's [1].  Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 02:23, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

It would be great if editors would actually address all points removed (as, for example, the fat-solubility and danger of bioaccumulation). Would it be possible for editors removing large amounts of text, or commenting on such removals, actually address the text that was removed? Badagnani (talk) 19:33, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * With no sources it's difficult to assess anything. I would look for sources myself, but I have already a list of articles where I need to address similar issues. Get sources for the statements, and we can discuss them. Sources for the USDA studies, articles on toxic buildup. Try searching on pubmed.com. I found a USDA studies on five minutes by searching for "cassia fat" (without quotes)

 * For re-adding, I suggest a format like "There are three ongoing studies by USDA on effects of cassia on glucose intolerance, on xxxxxx [link to second study] and on yyyyyyyyy [link to third study]" --Enric Naval (talk) 22:41, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

That's the thing--the blanking editor simply chose to make a few very rude jokes, over and over, rather than do what you did--actually search and find sources in this subject area. Your work shows good faith and I hope that other editor will choose to edit in such a manner in the future. Badagnani (talk) 22:46, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Rude jokes? Keep up the personal attacks, and you won't get far.  I stated my reasons about as carefully as I can.  Choose to read them, choose not, my patience is gone.   Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 02:24, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

consequences of removing reference
moved from above section to avoid confusions, since it starts a new topic in the middle of a thread

If the claims of the effect of the water-soluble component of cinnamon on tau protein aggregation is true, removing this reference will result in the needless suffering and deaths of millions. The effect is real. It works. Those in the Alzheimer community that have used it know it. It's anecdotal evidence at this point, but why should Wikipedia keep people in the dark just because there hasn't been time for governments to fund studies yet? This information is on the very cutting edge of research. People need to know that these claims exist. Instead of just deleting all of these unconfirmed claims of cinnamon's medicinal uses, it would be better to include them in a section entitled "Unconfirmed Medicinal Uses".Swarfmaker (talk) 23:41, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * If it's anecdotal evidence then I'm afraid that it falls straight into the WP:FRINGE guideline for non-mainstream theories. Wikipedia is not for the cutting edge of research, but for published established stuff, and people should not expect to find such a thing on the articles. There are journals specialized on publishing this sort of research.

 * Now, if its use as a unproven remedy for alzheimer was notable, like being recommended by a national or international Alzheimer association, then it could be included as such. Bonus points if the recommendation gets discussed on a medical journal. (btw, I see that you are the one that originally inserted the information on the article ) --Enric Naval (talk) 23:52, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Back to camel urine, I guess. It's funny that the article Alzheimer's disease fails to mention cinnamon.  Hmmmmm.   Orange Marlin  Talk• Contributions 02:26, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

Places of production
Where exactly in China and Vietnam is cassia produced? Badagnani (talk) 23:53, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

Seems to be Guangxi, Guangdong, and Yunnan. Badagnani (talk) 23:58, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

Is it also produced in Taiwan? Badagnani (talk) 23:57, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

Benzaldehyde and Natural Almond Extract
I found reference to cassia bark use in the production of almond flavor (benzaldehyde) in On Food and Cooking by Harold McGee (ISBN 0684800012). Benzaldehyde is apparently a byproduct of hydrogen cyanide production in bitter almonds but is also produced in cassia bark and synthesized chemically. Dose anyone else know anything about this or have additional references on this? Ndklassen (talk) 20:06, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

Cassia and Cinnamon
Hi. The fact that in the US most "cassia" is labelled as "cinnamon" does not mean that we have to use the term "cinnamon" if we mean "cassia". The article is about "cassia" - there is a separate article on "cinnamon". --Rui ''Gabriel'' Correia (talk) 23:04, 2 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Is it in fact true that "Most of the spice sold as cinnamon in the United States and Canada is Chinese cinnamon (C. cassia)."? (There's no citation on that statement at present.) My rough understanding is that C. verum is much easier to grind to a powder than C. cassia, but enormous quantities of ground cinnamon are used in North America (cinnamon buns, anyone?). Sminthopsis84 (talk) 23:14, 13 November 2013 (UTC)
 * It might have been true in the 1980's, but it's not true now (however, C. verum is and has been rare in the US). I've been meaning to get back to the cinnamon articles where I first started doing serious Wikipedia editing (and I've had a good reference sitting on the side of my desk for the last year). In recent years, ~90% of US cinnamon imports have come from Indonesia (i.e. Cinnamomum burmannii). The reference I have suggests that there's some misidentification with Cinnamomum loureiroi; this species is an uncommon forest tree and not commercially exploited. Cinnamon/cassia from Vietnam is C. cassia. Plantdrew (talk) 16:13, 14 November 2013 (UTC)

Flavor difference between Cassia and Cinnamon
Is there a difference in flavor between Cassia and Cinnamon? I've found one source which claims that Cassia has a stronger flavor, but that source sells the stuff, so I can't trust it. 63.87.189.17 (talk) 19:03, 24 November 2010 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Traditional Chinese Medicine
— Assignment last updated by Sienasaint13 (talk) 23:53, 4 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cinnamomum cassia


text:
Category:Daewoo vehicles

__NOGALLERY__

title: Category:Daewoo vehicles


text: Template:User recorder-2

title: Template:User recorder-2


text: User talk:70.119.129.216

title: User talk:70.119.129.216


text:
Talk:Jubail

Satellite image/map
The satellite image of Jubail is back-to-front. It needs to be flipped over. In addition, north is now on the right so a 90 degree rotation is also required. NH.

 * NASA's copyright policy: "Any editing or otherwise altering of the work may not be covered under the original license, and therefore would require permission of the copyright owner." -- Eagleamn 22:51, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * NASA have that disclaimer on their site because they sometimes host stuff from other sources (ESA, national laboratories, universities, etc). This particular image was taken from the Space Shuttle, so it's public domain. NH is quite correct about the NASA original being flipped - looking at this google image and this page shows how things should look. -- Finlay McWalter |  Talk 23:05, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I do agree the image is not correct (I am from the Eastern Province). I was just not quite sure if it was ok, under NASA's copyright policy, to edit the image and still claim the policy applies to it. If it is OK, it should be mirrored (rotation is not necessary, I think) . -- Eagleamn 23:44, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I've flipped the satellite image. --NormanEinstein 15:24, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I added a map showing the location of Jubail, so I've removed the map request template. --NormanEinstein 20:51, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

Self-promotion
Holy crap, this article reads like the last paragraph on a Forture 500 company press release. This is a pretty aggressive sales job that may have been written by the King himself - it even says "we"!! I would like to see some more fact. --SirLamer 00:07, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Removed promotion part, so there's a higher percentage of fact now :) Nethency 12:08, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

Weather page is to be added

 * The article is not protected. Not sure why you've added this template when you can, and are, editing the article? --regentspark (comment) 17:29, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Padlock-bronze-slash2.svg Not done: is not required for edits to  unprotected pages, or pending changes protected pages. — Mr. Stradivarius  (have a chat) 00:27, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * He's trying to protect the article in the (policy-violating) version he prefers. It's a behavior I've seen before, where new users think that if they put up that or one of the actual lock-templates that suddenly the article can't be edited. Whiterataj does need to stop adding that info. Qwyrxian (talk) 03:34, 1 December 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150709090614/http://isg-jubail.org/ to http://isg-jubail.org/

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Al Khater.
Nothing about Al Khater? --Yomal Sidoroff-Biarmskii (talk) 21:21, 7 May 2019 (UTC)

Jubail has too much 🔥 season
Al jubail strong summer season place 86.99.181.16 (talk) 18:59, 19 March 2023 (UTC)

Relevance of nearby cities
The mentioning of nearby cities and places are not relevant for a Wikipedia article and removing should be considered 87.123.242.139 (talk) 01:55, 23 March 2023 (UTC)

 * I don't think though or else why they're more like it in other city articles (trust me I'm not kidding). Also, It has very useful links تنعيم ٩ (talk) 19:22, 13 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jubail


text:
Tupolev Tu-95LAL

The Tupolev Tu-95LAL experimental aircraft (Летающая Атомная Лаборатория) which flew from 1961 to 1965 was a modified Tupolev Tu-95 Soviet bomber aircraft, analogous to the United States' earlier Convair NB-36H. It was intended to see whether a nuclear reactor could be used to power an aircraft, primarily testing airborne operation of a reactor and shielding for components and crew. The reactor did not actually power the aircraft.

Design and development
During the Cold War the USSR had an experimental nuclear aircraft program. Without the need to refuel, a nuclear-powered aircraft would have greatly extended range compared to conventional designs.

On 12 August 1955 the Council of Ministers of the USSR issued a directive ordering bomber-related design bureaus to join forces in researching nuclear aircraft. The design bureaus of Andrei Tupolev and Vladimir Myasishchev became the chief design teams, while N. D. Kuznetsov and A. M. Lyulka were assigned to develop the engines. They chose to focus on the direct-cycle system from the start, testing ramjets, jet engines and even turboprops.

The Tupolev bureau, knowing the complexity of the task assigned to them, estimated that it would be two decades before the program could produce a working prototype. They assumed that the first operational nuclear-assisted airplane could take to the air in the late 1970s or early 1980s. In order to gain experience with operational problems, they proposed building a flying testbed as soon as possible, mounting a small reactor in a Tupolev Tu-95M to create the Tu-95LAL.

The VVRL-lOO reactor was fitted in the bomb bay of the aircraft, requiring aerodynamic fairings over the top and bottom. From 1961 to 1969, the Tu-95LAL completed over 40 research flights. Most of these were made with the reactor shut down. The main purpose of the flight phase was examining the effectiveness of the radiation shielding, which was one of the main concerns for the engineers. Liquid sodium, beryllium oxide, cadmium, paraffin wax and steel plates were used for protection. The shielding efficiency is disputed: most sources say that it was at least efficient enough to warrant further work,  and indeed, the design of the follow-up prototype, the Tu-119, was started.

As in the US, development was curtailed on grounds of cost and environmental concerns. The emerging potential of intercontinental ballistic missiles made the expensive nuclear aircraft program superfluous, and it was scaled back.

Tu-119
The next stage in the development of a nuclear-powered bomber would have been the Tupolev Tu-119, a modified Tu-95, which would have been powered by both nuclear-fuelled and kerosene-fuelled turboprop engines: two Kuznetsov NK-14A nuclear-fuelled engines inboard, fed with heat from a fuselage-mounted reactor and two kerosene-fed Kuznetsov NK-12 turboprops outboard. The Tu-119 was never completed due to the nuclear-powered bomber project being cancelled on grounds of cost and the dire environmental impact of possible mishaps and accidents.

Specifications (Tu-95LAL)
Note: the specifications given are those of the Tu-95MS, which were identical to the Tu-95LAL.

title: Tupolev Tu-95LAL


text: User talk:87.81.112.15

title: User talk:87.81.112.15


text: User talk:71.247.31.204

title: User talk:71.247.31.204


text:
Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools/archive1

French law on secularity and conspicuous religious symbols in schools
I think it's quite complete, on a controversial and difficult issue. (Yes, the title is long, but it is difficult to make a shorter one without introducing some bias or undertone.) David.Monniaux 22:47, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

Comment: I think this is an excellent article. However, I'd like to see a few minor things fixed before I change my vote to support:
 * Somewhere at the beginning you briefly mentioned something about "previous restrictions" to the use of religious symbols before the enactment of the law. Could you please give an example?
 * I explained it better, it refers to the conditions given in 1989 by the Conseil d'État.

 * In the Background section it is mentioned the law applies to schools in Category 1, but not to schools in Categories 1 and 2. Is that a typo? How can the law apply and not apply at the same time to schools in Category 1?
 * Rephrased that. It applies only to 1.

 * What's the name for the "umbrella group" of Catholic schools in France? I think it should be mentioned even if it doesn't deserve its own article.
 * Fixed. It's the General secretariat of Catholic education.

 * You compare the amount of money parents pay in average per month for private education in France with the monthly cost of an ASDL connection. Is that the cost of ASDL in Paris? Detroit? Cairo? I think it would be more useful if you compared it with the French GDP per capita or some other common financial statistic.
 * Given the context, it is obvious that this is the price of an ADSL line in France. :-)
 * I wanted to make a comparison that reflects cost-of-living issues. Sure, there are indicators like GDP per capita, but what do they tell us exactly in familiar terms? I don't know the GDP per capita of France without looking it up, but I know the price for a phone landline subscription (approximately 30 EUR every two months if you're at France Telecom). Most families pay a land line, thus it gives an element of comparison (I agree that ADSL is perhaps not a good comparison.) What do you think?
 * I like the landline comparison since I think it makes more sense than ADSL, and can be grasped without people needing to go to the linked article. Thumbs up.

 * In the Stasi Commission section the purpose of the small font paragraph is not quite clear. Are you quoting someone? Or is it a note? If it's the latter it may be more convenient to have it at the end of the article.
 * It was a note.

That's it. I think these should be quite easy to fix. Feel free to cross them out as you work with them. -- Rune Welsh ταλκ 11:58, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Comment: Very interesting article! A section on international reaction to the law might be useful, as, if I recall correctly, there was pretty widespread condemnation of the law from the U.S. to the Middle East.
 * Good remark. I've worked on it.

Also, was there ever an exception made for Sikhs and turbans as indicated by Villepin, or does the law apply to them as well? Sortan 16:37, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The problem with these "exceptions" is that they are not based on texts with statutory or regulatory value, but are likely to be granted on a case-by-case basis. Obviously, no minister can openly issue a general decision that violates a law — so all they do is to use the vagueness of the law to decide that in such or such case the behaviour of the student is not ostentatious etc.
 * Because of the way it works, the number of students affected will be disputed. I read in today's Canard Enchaîné that, according to the Ministry, there are at this point only 3 students who wear ostentatious religious attire but that this is disputed by some groups. All I can do is to copy these claims.
 * I could probably try to get some more detailed stuff but this would quickly be "original research"... David.Monniaux 17:35, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * About the sikhs: it alluded to in the article, 3 sikh students went to Catholic schools, with expenses paid by the state, according to the Canard last year. There's not a big sikh population in France so it's not a front-line issue. It will be difficult to get more information on it. They announced lately that one Sikh student currently faced action because of his turban. David.Monniaux 22:09, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Support The issues I mentioned above got fixed, and the addition of the international reaction section makes article even better. The comparison with a telephone landline (see above) is quite reasonable and more understandable than the price of ADSL. Thus I support now this article for FA status. Good job. -- Rune Welsh ταλκ 20:17, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Interesting and well written. →Raul654 17:22, 8 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
User:Snalwibma

And in case you're wondering ... Snalwibma is Welsh for Ecnalubma

title: User:Snalwibma


text:
User:Cookybee

Hello Dudes! WHat is up???? Dudes of the club man

title: User:Cookybee


text:
Talk:Lowrider bicycle

Why dies this wiki not mention the true history of lowrider bikes which were started by Mexican American kids? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.82.217.84 (talk) 02:54, 2 January 2023 (UTC)

expert attention needed
I'll be the first to admit I know nothing at all about low rider bicycles. I've tried to clean this up, but I'd like someone who knows the topic to check if it's still accurate. Also, is the proper form "low rider" or "lowrider"? --Alynna 22:49, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * on google did anything come up? --Maoririder 14:46, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Both terms appear, although if I google "low rider bicycle" I also get google asking me if i meant "lowrider bicycle". I've been unable to find a definition, though -- just ads and people describing in great detail how they decorated their bikes. --Alynna 15:25, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

YEAH HA Low rider bicycle pictureS!!!

http://www.slimmer-fitness.com/bicycling/q_low_rider.jpg

The image in this article is of terrible quality and should be replaced. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.97.120.67 (talk) 15:08, 25 March 2010 (UTC)

raleigh choppers should have information.

++++++++++++++++++++++ There is absolutely nothing American about Schwinn. Is is a product of Communist China, manufactured by virtual slave labor and is distributed by American salespeople across the USA, predominantly Wal-Mart. Friends, Schwinn is a brand name, not a company, not a product and not a country.

See, for example, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A29737-2004Dec2.html.

++++++++++++++++++++++ Well at one point Schwinn's were produced in the US. And those are the ones that are most popular amongst the lowrider crowd. The new school K-Mart Schwinn's are not crackalackin' anymore.

check Your Head
any fan of the b-boys (that has little other association w/ the term) thinks of professor Booty when they hear this phrase. that's what it is. skizzno logic3.3 05:28, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

I think its bogus how it says that lowriders are becoming a Mexican and Califoria thing. Im Mexican, But this makes me mad cuz I do have a Lowrider bike, but I want it to be known that I like the artsy appeal, not because im Mexican. Ice cube rides lowrider bikes all the time, but it dont say all rappers have them. And Its Lowrider, one word.

No mention of the history
Why is there no mention of the history of lowrider bikes? Started by Mexican American youth to emulate the lowrider cars seen in their neighborhoods. Sadly, we are never given credit for anything. Including this. Lowrider culture is Mexican American culture. Period. 76.82.217.84 (talk) 02:57, 2 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lowrider bicycle


text:
Santo Tomé, Santa Fe

Santo Tomé is a city in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina. It is located only 9 km from the capital city (Santa Fe). It has a population of about 65,684 inhabitants and estimated at 80,000 inhabitants based on population growth rate provided by the INDEC, and is classified as a second-category municipality.

History
The town of Santo Tomé was founded in 1872 by the provincial government, and became a city on 12 April 1962.

Notable people

 * Virginia Tola, operatic soprano
 * Spreen, number one streamer by Argentina and top international

title: Santo Tomé, Santa Fe


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Zander Kaufman

Please note, the correct spelling of the subject's name is actually Zander Kauffman, with two f's. The text of the page has been changed to reflect this, even though the deleted article was in fact located at the title Zander Kaufman. --Canderson7 02:33, 5 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Bachman–Turner Overdrive

Initial text
I took out the reference to straigt edge. Straight edge has very negative connotations of violence and intimidation that Randy Bachman has never had anything to do with         — Preceding unsigned comment added by 132.79.14.15 (talk) 22:51, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

2006
Since when is "Taking Care of Business" a more famous song than "You Ain't Seen Nothing Yet" ? Niall123

although Takin' Care of Business (awesome song) is more popular and famous than You Ain't Seen Nothin' Yet, You Ain't topped the chart's at #1 spot, while TCB never reached #1

Should there be a note about the movie High Fidelity: "We are no longer Sonic Death Monkey. We are on the verge of becoming Kathleen-Turner Overdrive, but just for tonight, we are Berry Jive and his Uptown Five"--Atticus2020 08:49, 27 July 2006 (UTC)

 * One mention in a minor movie? No, no, no,no no. DJ Clayworth (talk) 17:24, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

TCB has been more featured and commercially viable since its release, being featured in advertising campaigns and movies, it is still used in some Office Depot advertising spots. Bottom line, YASNY was a #1 hit, but TCB has proven to be more multi-faceted and long lasting. Hell, Elvis used the phrase as the logo for the necklaces his band and close friends wore for security reasons.

why is there a citation needed for them being on the Simpsons? It just seems like such a minor claim, why even bother? But now that you mention it, http://www.snpp.com/episodes/BABF09, viola, BTO. Jlee562 23:56, 21 November 2006 (UTC)

Lineups
Can we get a lineups table please? This seems to be another longrunning band with a lot of personnel changes... --kingboyk 22:30, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

NOT The Guess Who
BTO did NOT start out as the Guess Who. Randy Bachman was part of the Guess Who, but he left over creative differences with the band's singer and other main songwriter, Burton Cummings. In fact, the Guess Who existed at the same time (although with many different lineups) as BTO.

 * That change was made three days ago by an anonymous contributor, and I guess nobody noticed it. FWIW, anyway. Bearcat 07:27, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

Pronunciation
I removed the trivia section (they are discouraged), but just to add the the pronunciation thing is wrong. Here in Canada at least BACKman Turner Overdrive is right. DJ Clayworth (talk) 17:16, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

If someone wants to add the proper phonetics in place of my spelled attempt please feel free. DJ Clayworth (talk) 17:24, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

Why is it "the American pronunciation"? "Bachman" is a name of German origin, and pronouncing it "Back" may be "Canadian", but it is not German. Nor is it "American". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 144.160.98.31 (talk) 03:17, 7 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Of course you are right the name is probably of German origin, but like it or not it's now a Canadian name also and has got a different pronunciation. It's not the only European name that has been screwed up after crossing the Atlantic. But it's simply something we have to accept! Narking (talk) 17:09, 7 July 2008 (UTC)

I added a reference to the Wikipedia article on Canadian raising. Hopefully this will make it easier for Canadians to understand why almost no one outside of Canada pronounces the name as preferred by the Bachman family. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.160.96.193 (talk) 20:48, 8 January 2010 (UTC)
 * That makes no sense. Canadian raising applies to diphthongs, which the vowel in "Bachman" is not.  It is a vowel shift of some sort, but it is not Canadian raising.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.51.88.36 (talk) 04:12, 1 March 2010 (UTC)

I will change the "Canadian raising" reference to "Canadian shift", since this term more often is applied to single vowels than diphthongs. There are several different kinds of vowel shifts described in both articles. There is some disagreement on exactly what the terms mean. Varieties of the pattern can sometimes be found outside Canada, so this is intended to be a rather loosely defined term. "Canadian shift" is still the best way to explain why there is a pronunciation of the Bachman name that is, for the most part, unique to Canada. --216.160.93.32 (talk) 09:54, 25 March 2010 (UTC)

Original Research Claims
This article now has EIGHT references. Can we lose the "Original Research" banner at the top? Howenstein115 (talk) 17:57, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

Albums
I separated the studio albums, live albums, and compilation albums from each other. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.53.106.205 (talk) 21:47, 19 August 2008 (UTC)

I added a column to the studio albums table, though really all the tables need it too, that shows what band name the album was released under. In essence, any line-up without Randy B was called "BTO", not Bachman–Turner Overdrive. This confusion is why Amazon have got completely screwed up in naming the band!

I also fixed the title of the 1984 album. My original vinyl states it is called BTO by Bachman–Turner Overdrive on the label. Reszerve (talk) 01:00, 28 May 2013 (UTC)

En dash in name?
This might be a completely trivial point, but should there be an en dash (Bachman–Turner Overdrive) rather than a hyphen (Bachman-Turner Overdrive) in this band's name, since it links two names a là Bose–Einstein condensate? (in this case, it links the Bachmans (Randy, Tim, and Robbie) with Fred Turner) It seems like it would comply with WP:ENDASH to me. Xnux  the   Echidna  00:12, 31 August 2009 (UTC)

Upon landing on this page, my immediate reaction was "Oh jeez, who put a dash in there? I need to log in and fix that...." As I see it, Bachman-Turner Overdrive is a compounded proper name of a single entity: an individual band name derived from two family surnames. The place to use an en dash would be in directly describing the arrangement or partnership. For example, "The songwriting credit for 'Let It Ride' goes to Bachman–Turner." Meh, show me another reputable article anywhere in the universe where they put an en dash in "Bachman–Turner Overdrive" and I may acquiesce. FoxDon (talk) 20:30, 10 October 2016 (UTC)

The decision to put an en dash in the name is wrong-headed. If it were an actual credit – for example, under a song to show who had written it – then by all means take the grammatically correct route. But this is a band name. Would you correct Nothing Compares 2 U? No. The band either used a regular (-) dash or a bullet point, so that's what the article should use. — anon — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A00:23C4:634E:1600:4423:F832:9203:D3CA (talk) 14:00, 29 April 2018 (UTC)

 * Maybe you can file a move request. -  Mlpearc  ( open channel ) 20:38, 10 October 2016 (UTC)

 * Heh, it was already moved once in the opposite direction, as shown below. I was just stating my view, not hoping to start an edit war. My view could be wrong. FoxDon (talk) 07:43, 16 October 2016 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was move. Jafeluv (talk) 15:51, 13 September 2009 (UTC)

Bachman-Turner Overdrive → Bachman–Turner Overdrive — As per the above section, this article should have an en dash in the name as per WP:ENDASH (like Bose–Einstein condensate). The name of this band links the Bachmans (Randy, Tim, and Robbie) with Fred Turner. Xnux  the   Echidna  19:15, 5 September 2009 (UTC)
 * Support per WP:DASH. It's not a hyphenated phrase. Good Ol’factory (talk) 08:13, 10 September 2009 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

uk hits
i know yasny was a uk hit but did they have any other hit singles in uk and how did there albums sell 92.0.250.250 (talk) 14:17, 15 September 2009 (UTC) andy 15 9 2009 92.0.250.250 (talk) 14:17, 15 September 2009 (UTC)

Free Wheelin'
A reader contacted Wikimedia 2015020110000644 suggesting that "Free Wheelin'" should be listed as a single release in 1974. It appears to me it is the B-side of "You Ain't Seen Nothing Yet", and may not deserve a separate entry. I'm out of my depth, but wanted to raise the issue so interested editors can make sure we have it right.-- S Philbrick (Talk)  14:28, 3 February 2015 (UTC)

Blue-eyed soul
I view them as blue-eyed soul. The Mo-Ja'al (talk) 18:09, 3 January 2019 (UTC)

Still active?
The info box lists current and past members. However, the first sentence of the article indicates they are no longer active. If so, ALL members should be listed as PAST members. Johnnyboy755 (talk) 00:48, 16 March 2020 (UTC)

Garry Peterson leaving
Garry broke his ankle playing in a charity softball game while BTO was on tour on a day off.No one from the band came to see him at the hospital in Texas and went home by himself on crutches.Tim Bachman came to him later and said “Randy says you’re out and that Billy Chapman was a better drummer anyway”.So,instead of letting a temp fill in till mended, he fires him and causes (again in his life)financial hardship. Takenitback (talk) 11:39, 11 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bachman–Turner Overdrive


text:
User:Veledan/Sandbox/myBotTest

Heading no 1
some text

a link

Heading number 4
Replaced text.

title: User:Veledan/Sandbox/myBotTest


text:
User talk:Kaya528

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! →Jo urna list  >>talk<<  22:52, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Kaya528


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gamewreck

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete Ryan Norton T 08:23, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Gamewreck
Delete: Fails WP:WEB. Alexa rank 4,907,400. No forum. No news entries on news.google.com. --Durin 22:52, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * you're too fast, I wasn't done.. unsigned edit by
 * You are welcome to continue to contribute to the article. --Durin 23:10, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete: After 6 days this page is no more than an ad. -- Corvus 23:44, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete agree with corvus and durin. --Daniel Lotspeich 08:34, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Durin. Zhatt  21:05, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Martin Škoula

Martin Škoula (born October 28, 1979) is a Czech former professional ice hockey defenceman, who enjoyed a lengthy career in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Colorado Avalanche, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, Dallas Stars, Minnesota Wild, Pittsburgh Penguins and the New Jersey Devils. He won the Stanley Cup with the Colorado Avalanche in 2001.

Playing career
Škoula was selected in the first round of the 1998 NHL Entry Draft, 17th overall, by the Colorado Avalanche. After playing two seasons in the Czech Republic, Škoula came over to North America in 1997, playing for the Barrie Colts of the OHL. His size and offensive ability made him an instant success. After only one game in the American Hockey League, with the Hershey Bears, Škoula joined the Avalanche.

In 2001, Škoula was a part of the Avalanche team that won the Stanley Cup. The following season, he played for his native country at the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics.

On February 21, 2004, Škoula was dealt by the Avalanche to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim for Kurt Sauer and a 4th round pick (Raymond Macias). After playing 20 games with the Ducks, Škoula left as an unrestricted free agent. He spent the 2004 NHL Lockout in the Czech Extraliga with HC Litvínov. On August 3, 2005, prior to the 2005–06 season, Škoula was signed by the Dallas Stars to a two-year contract. He stayed less than a season before he was dealt at the trade deadline by the Stars, along with Shawn Belle, to the Minnesota Wild for Willie Mitchell and a 2nd round pick.

On September 29, 2009, Škoula signed a one-year contract with the Pittsburgh Penguins for the 2009-10 season. Škoula played in 33 games with the Penguins as a reserve defenceman before he was included in a trade with prospect Luca Caputi to the Toronto Maple Leafs for Alexei Ponikarovsky on March 3, 2010. The same day, Škoula was then traded to the New Jersey Devils for a fifth-round pick in 2010.

On June 23, 2010, after 11 years in the NHL, Škoula returned to Europe signing a one-year contract with Russian team Avangard Omsk of the KHL. After one season in the KHL, Martin signed a new two-year contract with Avangard.

In the second year of his extension, after nine games in the 2012–13 season, Skoula was released by Omsk and was transferred to newcomer KHL Czech based, HC Lev Praha on September 27, 2012. After 21 games with Lev Praha for 7 points, Skoula was placed on the unprotected list and went unclaimed. He was then reassigned to join hometown club, HC Stadion Litoměřice, of the 1. národní hokejová liga on December 26, 2012.

On April 21, 2013, Skoula signed as a free agent to return to the KHL with HC Slovan Bratislava on a one-year contract. In the 2013–14 season, Skoula was one of only four Bratislava players to appear in every game with 54, helping contribute from the blueline with 13 points. He was unable to help elevate Slovan to the playoffs.

After signalling an intention to move closer to his native Litomerice at season's end, he returned to the Czech Extraliga signing a one-year contract with HC Bílí Tygři Liberec on May 27, 2014. Skoula featured in 10 games in Liberec, posting 2 goals and 7 points before ending his professional career.

Transactions

 * June 27, 1998 - Škoula drafted by Colorado Avalanche
 * February 21, 2004 - Škoula traded by Colorado to Anaheim Ducks in exchange for Kurt Sauer and a 4th round draft pick (Raymond Macias)
 * August 3, 2005 - Škoula signs with Dallas Stars.
 * March 9, 2006 - Škoula traded by Dallas along with Shawn Belle to the Minnesota Wild for Willie Mitchell and the Wild's second-round pick in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft.
 * September 29, 2009 - Škoula signs a one-year deal with the Pittsburgh Penguins.
 * March 3, 2010 - Škoula was traded by Pittsburgh to the Toronto Maple Leafs, along with teammate prospect Luca Caputi, for Alexei Ponikarovsky
 * March 3, 2010 - Škoula was traded from the Toronto Maple Leafs to the New Jersey Devils for a fifth round pick in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft.

title: Martin Škoula


text:
Talk:Third Amendment to the United States Constitution

Translation into Chinese Wikipedia
The 23:14, 8 February 2011 Some jerk on the Internet version of this article is translated into Chinese Wikipedia to expand a stub--Wing (talk) 13:13, 26 February 2011 (UTC)

Private homes
The lead of the article says "private homes". The text of the Constitution says "any house". Is there a Supreme Court ruling which uses the term "private home"? I could interpret "any house" far more widely (apartment house, warehouse, outhouse, opera house). There may be a fair housing ruling from the 1960s that has such a limit, but I would like a cite.  Randall Bart    Talk   03:50, 2 April 2011 (UTC)

 * The case referenced in the article, Engblom v. Carey, is the only case to interpret the Third Amendment, and it does interpret the language regarding "private homes" as being consistent with how the term is used in Fourth Amendment cases, which would mean it includes any property "recognized and permitted by society as founded on lawful occupation or possession with a legal right to exclude others" -- this includes apartments and hotel rooms.

 * The case is a 2nd Circuit decision; since it's the only circuit decision on point, it would be highly persuasive in other circuits, but it is legally only binding in the 2nd Circuit.

 * I'll leave it to you or other editors to decide if the article needs any further revision to clarify this point. Hartboy (talk) 02:34, 3 April 2011 (UTC)
 * The lead also says "...which had allowed the British Army to lodge soldiers in public buildings." Shouldn't this also include private homes? It was the private homes that people were most infuriated about.

Citation Needed
Seriously, this is getting extremely stupid. Certain Wikipedia editors are using the as a crutch rather than actually finding sources to cite. It's getting ridiculous. Anyone able to access this site is able to look up a good source for the two s in the middle of the article. I'm going to time how long it takes for me to find the citations. I'm starting at 11:15AM. --68.230.167.244 (talk) 15:15, 4 April 2011 (UTC)

 * There, 2 citations in 10 minutes. --68.230.167.244 (talk) 15:27, 4 April 2011 (UTC)

Found another case
https://www.courthousenews.com/2013/07/03/59061.htm http://minutemennews.com/2013/07/police-seize-home-arrest-owners-to-gain-tactical-advantage-investigating-neighbors/ Are you ready for IPv6? (talk) 03:40, 8 July 2013 (UTC)

Going for Good Article status
I'll probably try in the coming weeks to bring this article to Good Article status. I thought I'd start by asking here if any longtime editors of this article have input--any changes you particularly want to see? Thanks to all who have worked on this one before me. -- Khazar2 (talk) 10:56, 19 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Comparing the current text to some other encyclopedia articles, I think this is actually ready to nominate for GA. I've expanded the discussion of background a bit, improved the citation, and made some other changes, but there's simply not much to be said about the amendment. I'm going to nominate now, but input is obviously still welcome if any article watchers have suggestions. Cheers to all, -- Khazar2 (talk) 01:33, 20 July 2013 (UTC)

Second Amendment to the United States Constitution
A discussion is ongoing about the lead to the Second Amendment to the United States Constitution article. Please help form a consensus at Talk:Second Amendment to the United States Constitution.--Mark Miller (talk) 13:12, 4 November 2013 (UTC)

Images
It appears that at some point in the history of periodic vandalism of this article, some images were lost when the vandalism was reverted. I have restored them while keeping the vandalism removed. Robert McClenon (talk) 23:15, 4 December 2014 (UTC)
 * Semi-protection has been requested, preferably for months, because this article seems to be a target for stupid vandalism every few weeks. Robert McClenon (talk) 23:16, 4 December 2014 (UTC)

Repeated section (c/p artifacts?)
I registered an account here because I noticed this, so I can't really fix it since the article seems to be only editable by users who are 'automatically confirmed':

The section "Judicial Interpretation" seems to be suffering from a good deal of copy/paste artifacts. These include:
 * Duplicated information between paragraphs 1 and 2, and paragraphs 4 and 5.
 * Paragraph 2 ends in the middle of a sentence
 * Paragraph 5 contains what seems to be a copy/paste artifact at a point similar to the ending of paragraph 2:
 * "Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the The Third Amendment has been invoked in a few instances as helping establish..."

Note that paragraph 3 contains unique information and probably should not be deleted. Asattely (talk) 11:05, 15 December 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 2 January 2015
In the 'Judicial interpretation' section, the first and second (incomplete) paragraphs are repeated after the 3rd paragraph, although the 2nd is apparently completed there.

Naterade21 (talk) 06:05, 2 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Fixed, thank you. -- Calidum  06:12, 2 January 2015 (UTC)

3rd Amendment is Actually Property Rights
Amendment III

"No soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house (property), without the consent of the owner (property rights), nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law."

Narrowest interpretation only mentions soldiers. Slightly (1 degree) broader interpretation (annotated) shows it to be about property rights. It can not be denied property rights does exists.

Owners right's can not be superceded, not even in time of war (national emergency), except in a manner prescribed by law (only in times of national emergency).

73.118.175.67 (talk) Tae Hyun Song 73.118.175.67 (talk) 20:12, 2 August 2022 (UTC)


text:
Kelimutu

Kelimutu (pronounced ) is a volcano close to the small town of Moni in central Flores island in Indonesia. It is around 50. km to the east of Ende, Indonesia, the capital of Ende regency in East Nusa Tenggara province. It has three volcanic crater lakes that differ in color.

The science of the Kelimutu lakes is relatively well-known, and the changes in color and temperature are concluded to be related to volcanic activity and the resulting fluid flux at vents at the bottom of the lakes. The Lake colors periodically change due to adjustments in the oxidation-reduction status of the fluid of each lake, and also considering the abundance of different major elements, such as iron and manganese. Oxidation-reduction status depends on the balance of volcanic gas input and rainfall rate, and is thought to be mediated by the groundwater system in the volcano itself. The colors in the lakes change independently from each other, as each has its own unique connectivity to the underlying volcano's activity. Between January and November 2016, the colors of the craters changed six times. Although it is widely believed that the changes are unpredictable, it is more accurate to say that the lack of any regular monitoring of the volcanic system precludes scientists from having the data necessary to drive widely available predictive models.

Geological details
The volcano contains three striking summit crater lakes of varying colors. Tiwu Ata Bupu (Lake of Old People) is usually blue and is the westernmost of the three lakes. The other two lakes, Tiwu Ko'o Fai Nuwa Muri (Lake of Young Men and Maidens) and Tiwu Ata Polo (Bewitched or Enchanted Lake) are separated by a shared crater wall and are typically green or red respectively. The lake colors vary on a periodic basis. Subaqueous fumaroles are the probable cause of active upwelling that occurs at the two eastern lakes.

The Tiwu Ko'o Fai Nuwa Muri has been a source of minor phreatic eruptions in historical time. The summit of the compound 1639 m high Kelimutu volcano is elongated 2 km in a WNW-ESE direction; the older cones of Kelido and Kelibara are located respectively 3 km to the north and 2 km to the south. The scenic lakes are a popular tourist destination.

Kelimutu is also of interest to geologists, because the three lakes have different colors, yet are at the crest of the same volcano. According to Kelimutu National Park officials, the colour changes as a result of chemical reactions resulting from the minerals contained in the lake perhaps triggered by volcano gas activity. However, it is more accurate to refer to the color changes as being driven by oxidation-reduction chemical dynamics. Kawah Putih lake in West Java, south of Bandung, is another crater lake in Indonesia with some similarities to the lakes at Kelimutu.

Tourism
In the early days of developing the local national park in the Kelimutu area, there were some disputes with local communities over the use of the resources. More recently, forest rangers have worked to develop better relations with nearby village communities and overall management has improved.

Kelimutu is one of the mountains listed as a ribu in Indonesia which are mountains in Indonesia which are more than 1,000. m high.

The area is said to have begun to attract attention after being noticed by a regional Dutch military commander, B. van Suchtelen in 1915 and became more well known after Y. Bouman wrote about the site in 1929.

The closest airports are Maumere, and Ende. There are regular flights to Ende from Bali. The drive from Ende to Moni, the town at the base of Kelimutu where accommodation is available, takes about 3 hours, while from Moni to Kelimutu vehicle park, a 13 km drive, needs 45 minutes. Usually tourists sleep one night to catch sunrise at Kelimutu.

Culture
Kelimutu is sacred to the local Lio people, who believe the souls of the dead migrate here. Young people's souls go to the warmth of Tiwu Koo Fai Nuwa Muri (Lake of Young Men and Maidens), old people's to the cold of Tiwu Ata Bupu (Lake of Old People), and those of the wicked to Tiwu Ata Polo (Bewitched or Enchanted Lake). Pork, betel nuts, rice and other valuable offerings are left on ceremonial rocks beside the lakes, amid the dancing of the Lio's annual 'Feed the Spirit of the Forefathers' ceremony, on August 14.

title: Kelimutu


text:
International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame

The International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame (יד לאיש הספורט היהודי) was opened July 7, 1981, in Netanya, Israel. It honors Jewish athletes and their accomplishments from anywhere around the world.

It is located at the Wingate Institute for Physical Education and Sport. It has inducted over 400 athletes and sportspersons representing 40 countries. The Hall elects new honorees each year, with submissions due December 1 for votes for the following year, and a formal induction ceremony taking place several days prior to the Maccabiah Games every four years.

History
The Hall was founded in 1979 by Joseph M. Siegman, a television producer and writer from Beverly Hills, California, and pharmacist Alan Sherman.

Inductees
NB — * denotes a posthumous induction

Pillar of Achievement
The Pillar of Achievement recognizes Jewish men and women who have made significant contributions to sports and to the world community through sports.

Lifetime Achievement
In 1992, the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame initiated its Lifetime Achievement Award which has been awarded annually honoring those individuals who have made significant contributions to the State of Israel and society through sports.


text:
Francis A. Nixon

Francis Anthony Nixon (December 3, 1878 – September 4, 1956) was an American small business owner and the father of U.S. president Richard Nixon.

Early life
Nixon was born in Elk Township, Vinton County, Ohio, the son of Samuel Brady Nixon, who was from Smith Township, Washington County, Pennsylvania, and Sarah Ann (née Wadsworth), a native of Hocking Township, Fairfield County, Ohio. Nixon's family ancestry included colonial Pennsylvania Quakers. He was raised Methodist, however, but converted to Quakerism when he married Hannah Milhous.

Sarah Nixon died in January 1888, leading Francis to live with an uncle during his father's struggle to avoid poverty and to cope with the loss of Sarah. After Francis' father remarried, Francis moved away. Biographer Jonathan Aitken cited Francis' disliking of his new stepmother as his reason for leaving. Nixon proceeded to have multiple jobs during the next fourteen years.

Throughout his youth, Nixon idolized U.S. Presidents Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson. Biographer Stephen E. Ambrose wrote that Nixon ceased favoring the Democratic Party by the age of 17. During the campaign for the 1896 United States presidential election, Nixon had an encounter with presidential candidate William McKinley, who asked him how he was going to vote, Nixon replying, "Republican, of course!" Ambrose cited the encounter as completing Nixon's switch to favoring the Republican Party.

Career
Nixon relocated to California at the end of the century after having been frostbitten working as a motorman in an open streetcar in Columbus, Ohio. After working as a farmhand and oil field roustabout, he attempted to cultivate lemons outside Los Angeles. Francis' son Richard also tested the waters of the citrus business. Shortly after graduating from law school, Richard founded the Citra-Frost Company which attempted to produce and sell frozen orange juice. Richard aimed to follow in his father's footsteps, successfully raising capital from a number of investors for the fledgling enterprise. Richard, a future president of the United States, paid his dues with the company and did much of the grunt work. In addition to his administrative responsibilities as president of the Citra-Frost Company, he was also responsible for cutting and squeezing the oranges to make the juice. This work did not eventually pay off as the company went bankrupt after just 18 months.

After his son Richard was born, Nixon abandoned the lemon grove, and the family relocated to the Quaker community of Whittier, California. Nixon worked the family business, a store that sold groceries and Atlantic Richfield gasoline, but the family remained impoverished. Nixon's life was marked by the deaths of two of his sons, Arthur and Harold, from tuberculosis. He has been described as a "restless, frustrated, and angry man, a mean-spirited person who psychologically abused his five sons and sometimes beat them." However, Richard always spoke well of his parents. He often spoke lovingly of his mother as a "Quaker saint", and began his memoirs with the words "I was born in a house my father built". Writer Jessamyn West, a cousin of the Nixons, was in Frank's Sunday school class for some time. She later described him as "a fiery persuasive teacher", and wrote that Frank Nixon's version of the social gospel made her favor socialism.

By the time of his later adulthood, Nixon often discussed his political opinions with strangers, his son Don remembering his father as being willing to debate anyone he encountered in the family market and having an intolerance of Democrats. Nixon voted for Woodrow Wilson in the 1916 United States presidential election, Warren G. Harding in the 1920 presidential election, Robert Lafollette in the 1924 presidential election, Herbert Hoover in both the 1928 and 1932 presidential elections, and Franklin Roosevelt in the 1936 election. Aitken described these as erratic voting habits that displayed changing political loyalties in the early life of his son Richard.

After his son Arthur's death in 1925, Nixon frequently pondered and was haunted by the possibility of God allowing the death as a form of punishment directed toward him, his actions afterward being never again to open the family store on Sundays and having the family listen to sermons every evening. Nixon favored Robert P. Shuler, Billy Sunday, and Aimee Semple McPherson, taking his sons once a week to hear either Shuler or McPherson at Trinity Methodist Church.

In 1938, Francis' son Richard met Pat Ryan, who Frank reportedly developed a "playful relationship" with and spared the same criticisms he had given his children.

During the controversy concerning Richard's alleged improprieties relating to a fund established by his backers to reimburse him for his political expenses, Frank was "reduced to sobs" in hearing of the story and angered by his son's taking of any funds.

The elder Nixons cared for their granddaughters Julie and Patricia while Vice President Nixon was involved with activities relating to the 1956 Republican National Convention. Francis experienced a ruptured abdominal artery in the latter part of the month from which he was not expected to recover, resulting in the vice president curtailing his public appearances to tend to his father, who advocated that his son return to San Francisco and work with the convention; Vice President Nixon refused. On September 3, Nixon was visited by Richard, who he told upon the latter leaving, "Good night Dick, but I don't think I'll be here in the morning." The next day, Francis Nixon died, his funeral being carried out three days later at the East Whittier Friends Meeting House.

Personal life
On June 25, 1908, he married Hannah Milhous. Together, they had five sons: Nixon died on September 4, 1956, in La Habra, California, U.S.
 * Harold Samuel Nixon (June 1, 1909 – March 7, 1933)
 * Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994)
 * Francis Donald Nixon (November 23, 1914 – June 27, 1987)
 * Arthur Burdg Nixon (May 26, 1918 – August 10, 1925)
 * Edward Calvert Nixon (May 3, 1930 – February 27, 2019)

In popular culture
He was played by actor Tom Bower in Oliver Stone's movie Nixon.

title: Francis A. Nixon


text:
Talk:Francis A. Nixon

Untitled
Richard's mother, Hannah Milhous, a devout Quaker, was quiet, honest, industrious, but also reserved, private, and unemotional. Their second son, Richard, born in 1913, entered the Nixon household at a particularly tense time, just after Frank uprooted Hannah from her Quaker community and tight-knit family in Whittier, California, and moved her to nearby Yorba Linda, where he bought a lemon orchard. The move was financially disastrous and subjected Hannah to anxiety and depression.

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Francis' gas station in Whittier
Has a source been able to provide a location for that gas station? It would be interesting if one was still there, and doubly so if it was an AM/PM. knoodelhed (talk) 00:11, 8 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Francis A. Nixon