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Talk:Wing Commander (film)

Untitled
Differences from other Wing Commander works: Deleted - this subject only exists because it is argued by fans interested in nitpicking - it is not a serious treatment of how the series works; both creator Chris Roberts' and (now former) Origin president Neil Young have maintained that the movie is part of the same continuity as the games. In that light, debating inaccuracies is an interesting passtime but moves no closer to "removing" an unpopular entry in the series from its canon. 66.112.225.82 03:06, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

This subject most certainly exists. That the creator considers it the same is ultimately irrelevent. Such differences exist and that is sufficent. Alyeska 04:32, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

While sound does not travel through space, using ship-scans, you may be able to detect vibrations on the hull originating from within.

I was thinking that, but since the vibrations hull has nothing to interact with in space. with the only way you could detect vibrations is physically touching it. Joeyjojo 14:32, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Although...if you had a scanner capable of making out shapes in space - it might be powerful enough to detect movement or "ripples" on/within those shapes caused by vibrations within. Doctor Sinister 01:16, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

 * You mean like a LASER or RADAR? Because that's exactly the kind of thing these pre-existing technologies are capable of.  You need a "scanner" capable of detecting range and measuring minute changes in it.  Once it's measured, it's a simple matter of running that information through software that turns it into audio for you to hear.  For 27th-century technology that should be child's play.   -Aclawson 02:47, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

I've removed the 'differences' section. As noted before, it's not a real fact about the movie -- it's a (now largely abandoned) debate among sci fi fans.

The entry as written was entirely one-sided, and beyond that just plain incorrect. There are some legitimate points which might be made about the argument, but this was clearly the work of someone stretching facts to discredit the film. The bit about Admiral Tolwyn, for instance, had nothing to do with the movie -- it's a problem someone has with an obscure tie-in novel.

It would, perhaps, be reasonable to describe the various fan debates over continuity in the series (if this sort of thing is done for franchises like Star Trek -- it certainly doesn't *feel* apropriate for an encyclopedia to me)... but it would need to be fair and would need to point out simple facts like that the people in charge of the series do consider it "canon". We would also need similar entries for pretty much every part of the series, from The Secret Missions to EA Replay... because arguments about continuity errors are a *constant* among science fiction fans, not something special in this case. 68.55.131.108 18:25, 9 January 2007 (UTC)

Sorry, but those are valid facts. That you outright call most of them false show how little knowledge you have on the subject. Alyeska 21:40, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

That doesn't seem like a reasoned response at all. 68.55.131.108 04:36, 18 February 2007 (UTC)

 * The response is perfectly fine. The material is perfectly valid and will stay in the article. Alyeska 07:19, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

 * The fact remains that Wing Commander the movie is using the name and reputation of what was then an already established franchise albeit in the gaming world. Many things are similiar like character names, basic plot setting, ship names and so on, it does no harm to show it's differences from the original source material.  Constantly deleting it suggests someone has an axe to grind. Douglasnicol 21:41, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

Again, I don't see how an argument among fans has any relevance to the movie itself. We could find similar 'continuity arguments' about any franchise, under any circumstances. This is all the more irrelevant now that we know that the next Wing Commander game is adopting the movie material as part of its background. 68.55.131.108 07:51, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Most other situations the movie comes first. In this case the movie came from the games and is directly tied to it. Alyeska 09:06, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

Removed "*It has been suggested that the failure of this film is responsible for the loss of interest in the Wing Commander games". This clearly isn't true, since the film was released *after* development of Privateer Online was ceased.

I removed the trivia about the Star Wars trailer. The citations given do not say that people actually *did* -- they're reviews of the movie which joke that the trailer was the only good part of the film (and why are there four of them? That smacks of effort, and the fact that it didn't ultimately come up with anything solid rings pretty hollow).

In fact, it is not true (as these articles claim) that the Phantom Menace trailer was exclusive to Wing Commander. This was FOX's original plan which was dropped at the last minute due to a personal request from Lucas himself. Chris Roberts himself was very unhappy with this decision for exactly the reason the 'trivia' notes - if the trailer *had* been included then the opening box office would have been more impressive. The Menace trailer was sent to theaters separate from Wing Commander and was allowed to be attached to any film currently playing. LOAF 18:00, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

Jump Freeze film technique/effect
You know that film technique where time freezes and the camera moves around the scene, through different angles and zoom levels, all in perfect clarity? That was, as far as I know, pioneered for this film (for when the ship "jumps"). It was part of the film's hype. They made a point of showing it in the trailers and highlighting it during the film itself (the characters setting themselves up for that frozen instant, talking about it afterwards, etc).

I was hoping to find mention of it in the article here. Both because it's arguably the film's best claim to fame and also because I was always curious about how they actually do it. It's well beyond the CGI capabilities of the time.

My guess was that it was done using a series of still cameras with high-speed film. All cameras are rigged to shoot at the same instant, and each picture then becomes a single frame of the film. Lined up correctly, 50 cameras would give you just over two seconds of frozen time. More if you dropped the framerate. ... But that's only my guess. Anyone know how it is/was actually done? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.248.94.24 (talk) 02:26, 23 May 2008 (UTC)

 * I think you're talking about "bullet time", which was used to impressive effect in The Matrix. As far as I remember the effect appeared earlier in the awful film version of Lost in Space (1998), and Wikipedia's article dates it back to 1995 in the live-action realm. Wing Commander may have been one of the first relatively low-budget films to use it. I understand that, in the late 1990s, the technicians used fewer than one camera per frame of film and interpolated in-between frames with a big computer. -Ashley Pomeroy (talk) 12:56, 21 November 2009 (UTC)

ship combat
what was with the tiger claw? was she a super ship? she took out destroyers in one salvo but could take multiple salvos from a battleship, and broadside a cruiser. are kilrathi warships just really weak? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.236.177.174 (talk) 01:47, 19 September 2008 (UTC)

Plot summary incomplete
According to WP:FILMPLOT and WP:PLOTSUM, a plot summary should include an overview of key events, which by extension includes the ending. However, the current plot summary cuts at some arbitrary point before the ending. Please update the summary to reflect the Manual of Style. --Dmitry (talk•contibs) 18:48, 25 May 2013 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: American Cinema History
— Assignment last updated by Jhf0008 (talk) 19:38, 8 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wing Commander (film)


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Talk:Vise

Capacity of Vise
How are Vise clasified for Capacity 203.199.140.143 10:26, 15 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Maximum jaw width and jaw depth are the two most common ratings. Maximum clamping pressure and jaw stroke are sometimes specified on high end automatic vises. - Toastydeath 17:33, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

dovetailed, long-barreled, unbreakable nut
"Smooth action provided by dovetailed, long-barreled, unbreakable nut"

this description is used for a Record No.5 Vice, it may be useful if i knew what it meant. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.64.171.31 (talk) 10:37, 4 June 2008 (UTC)

Rotary table
The picture of the red engineer's (machinist's) vise was labeled as a rotary table. This is incorrect. Rotary tables have a separate knob that allows the user to rotate the vise (or a mounting plate for chucks) in precise increments. The vise pictured might be accurate to half a degree at best. Over several inches this would introduce an unacceptable amount of error. If anyone has a better caption than the one that I have, feel free to change it, just keep in mind that calling it a rotary table is misleading. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.199.215.250 (talk) 03:11, 12 August 2012 (UTC)

 * Thanks for fixing that. You are 100% correct. It's been a few years since I read this article. The caption change to "rotary table" happened in 2010 but was incorrect for the reason you mention. One would have to call that baseplate a "rotary baseplate" or some term along those lines—"rotary table" has a specific meaning, as you pointed out. — ¾-10 15:22, 12 August 2012 (UTC)

Queries
What is shihiz metal? I can find no other reference. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.242.238.3 (talk) 10:40, 11 May 2015 (UTC)

 * It was just some asshole's idea of vandalism. I reverted it. Thanks for bringing it to notice. — ¾-10 01:35, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

Spelling
I don't want to immediately alter the [A] cross reference without knowing who put it there or why! It is clearly incorrect (or just badly worded) as I have consulted all editions of the Concise Oxford since the 4th in 1951 up to the current 12th, the Oxford dictionary of English, and the last two editions of the Shorter Oxford and ALL of them use VICE as the British English spelling with only a passing reference to US usage of VISE. DickyP (talk) 11:03, 5 July 2015 (UTC)

 * I found that Wikipedia's main coverage of this topic gibes with the above comment by User:DickyP about the -c- spelling being well represented in UK and Commonwealth spelling. This article should not attempt to fork coverage of the topic (it should just point users to the main coverage, and if anyone wants to expand the latter, they can do it there). I linked it. — ¾-10 21:53, 6 July 2015 (UTC)

 * Was just about to give an angry retort to User:Three-quarter-ten when I stopped and looked up the word gibe in the Oxford - discovered gibe means to agree in American, whereas it means to sneer or scoff at in British English(I just love language)! DickyP (talk) 08:44, 7 July 2015 (UTC)

 * Well I'll be! One never knows all the American and British English differences! I think I'll say "accords with" in future. Thanks for the Oxford lookups. — ¾-10 00:40, 9 July 2015 (UTC)

Woodworking vices
Please see this discussion about splitting out Vises section from the Workbench (woodworking) article. Thanks! Jauerbackdude?/dude. 14:53, 5 April 2018 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Vise


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Aflatoon (1997 film)

Aflatoon is an Indian Hindi-language crime action film directed by Guddu Dhanoa. The film stars Akshay Kumar in dual roles along with Urmila Matondkar and Anupam Kher in supporting roles.

Plot
Raja (Akshay Kumar), a good-for-nothing loafer trying to get rich quick, impersonates Parimal Chaturvedi, a college professor and enters into a college of beautiful rich women. He falls for rich girl Pooja (Urmila Matondkar), and manages to win her heart. Trouble comes when Pooja's father Prakash (Anupam Kher) mistakes Raja for Rocky (Akshay Kumar), a ruthless and merciless criminal who blackmails people for money or threatens to kill them, who is a lookalike of Raja. Prakash, who is on Rocky's payroll, asks Raja for help, so Raja impersonates Rocky to get his secrets and Prakash's money. But tables are turned when Rocky finds out about Raja's game. Raja wakes up and finds himself kidnapped in Rocky's mansion. He then realizes he has been drugged for the past seven days, and in these seven days, Rocky has posed as Raja and is set to marry Pooja. Raja is framed and arrested under the name of Rocky. Raja manages to escape and crashes the wedding where he tells the truth and Rocky escapes. Raja follows him to a multi-story building where the two fight brutally. Rocky gains the advantage and knocks out Raja, but he recovers to push Rocky off the building, who falls to his death. At the end Raja and Pooja gets married.

Cast

 * Akshay Kumar as Rocky / Raja  (dual role)
 * Urmila Matondkar as Pooja
 * Shazia Malik as Sonia, Rocky's love interest.
 * Farida Jalal as Raja's mother
 * Harish Patel as the Police Commissioner
 * Anupam Kher as Vidyaprakash, Pooja's father.
 * Tiku Talsania as a Police Inspector
 * Remo D'Souza as Raja's friend
 * Subbiraj as College Principal
 * Sonia Sahni as College Professor
 * Sarad Sankla
 * Brahmachari
 * Dinesh Aanand

Soundtrack
The song "We Love We Love Rocky" was inspired by Queen's song We Will Rock You. The song "Poster Lagwado Bazar Mein" was recreated by Tanishk Bagchi for 2019 film Luka Chuppi

title: Aflatoon (1997 film)


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Talk:WBCQ (SW)

The former WCXH 780 has severed its relationship with Channel X Radio and is now known as WXCQ. A new FM, WBCQ-FM has started operations from the shortwave site as well. Both of these need new articles. WCXH simply forwarded to Channel X. --Radiofreemountairy (talk) 22:55, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

Note on 10/14/05 edit: Hal Turner is no longer on WBCQ and hasn't been since his on-air meltdown on March 22, 2004.

WBCQ1 (7415) broadcasts in AM. The other three services broadcast in "compatible side band", i.e. reduced carrier single side band mode. The 5110 and 18910 services use reduced carrier, lower side band mode and the 9330 service uses reduced carrier, upper side band mode (Source: Allan Weiner and Tim Smith). 63.164.202.130

More Sources
Please add more sources to verify the information on the article. There are no references for this article yet to date. Coaster7 (talk) 19:27, 22 July 2009 (UTC)

Off the Hook
I've removed the information about "Off the Hook" being simulcast on WBCQ. According to the station, "Off the Hook" is not currently scheduled. -- Gyrofrog (talk) 16:41, 16 April 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:WBCQ (SW)


text: Category:Sonar

title: Category:Sonar


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Talk:Mayo Kébbi

Article title
Kappa moved this page from here to Mayo Kébbi River. I understand the desire to avoid ambiguity, but this is redundant. "Mayo" is the Fulani word for "river", so moving it there is like calling the river "River Kébbi River". Furthermore, "Mayo" rivers are referred to simply as "Mayo X" in Cameroon — never as "Mayo X River". BrianSmithson 03:08, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mayo Kébbi


text: Wikipedia talk:Quick directory

title: Wikipedia talk:Quick directory


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Talk:Tongs

Tongs (gang)
This section does not belong in this article. It should be merged with Tong (organization) or removed outright. Any thoughts? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 68.187.198.235 (talk) 16:38, 14 February 2007 (UTC).

Expanding Etc.
Seems like this article could use some detailed expansion, added references and more information for readers. As a professional Chef I've got some experience on this topic and hope to be improving it soon. It is pretty well crafted now but external links aren't there/helpful as well as a better explanation of the varieties of tongs could be given. Aluminum vs. Stainless, American Made tongs vs. Imports, Tong Lockability. Etc.. Any suggestions or help would be great. Tester er  00:38, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

In special cases, they are known to give humans brain haemorrages and are the second biggest killer in the world, just below cancer
A statement completely detached from truth. Saaristo (talk) 23:42, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tongs


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Talk:Rotary tools

Merge with rotary tool
Rotary tools such as dremels are quite different from the rotary saw used mainly to do cu-outs in drywall. Rotary tools have all kinds of attachments, saws only accept spiral bits. Just the action is the same. the rotary saw is more like a small router and has a base. Luigizanasi 08:34, 11 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Then rotary saw should be merged into dremel and/or rotary tool since it is basically a subclass of the tool with some more specializations. Basically my dremel and my rotozip are pretty much the same except the dremel has more attachments. Cowbert 22:32, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

Support - I think that Dremel should also be merged into rotary tool with rotary saw. --Kkmurray 03:31, 4 April 2007 (UTC) (also just found this discussion: Articles_for_deletion/Dremel --Kkmurray 03:43, 4 April 2007 (UTC) )

Oppose - I think the Dremel brand name is well-known and common enough to merit its own article (it's like merging Kleenex with facial tissue). TheHYPO 03:40, 21 April 2007 (UTC)

Support - I agree with Kkmurray that Dremel, rotary tool and rotary saw should all be merged. I'd also support an article about the Dremel Company but think that the material in Dremel mostly belongs in the aforementioned future merged article. --Evil1987 16:46, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Rotary tools are produced by many different manufacturers worldwide, such as Dremel, Skil and Einhell to name a few. I feel a merge of the articles would only be beneficial if these commercial brand names are each listed as a subclass of the main article entitled Rotary tool. Rob Thornton 07:12, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Dremel Should Not Be Merged
The Dremel name is well known and should not be merged with rotary tool. Albert Dremel alone should have his own page. A.J. Dremel had 56 patents when he died and he was one of the first Americans to introduce profit sharing at his Dremel factory. He is a significant part of American history and niether he nor his invention should be merged into a generic category. agauthier1@gmail.com

title: Talk:Rotary tools


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Character arc

A character arc is the transformation or inner journey of a character over the course of a story. If a story has a character arc, the character begins as one sort of person and gradually transforms into a different sort of person in response to changing developments in the story. Since the change is often substantive and leading from one personality trait to a diametrically opposite trait (for example, from greed to benevolence), the geometric term arc is often used to describe the sweeping change. In most stories, lead characters and protagonists are the characters most likely to experience character arcs, although lesser characters often change as well. A driving element of the plots of many stories is that the main character seems initially unable to overcome opposing forces, possibly because they lack skills or knowledge or resources or friends. To overcome such obstacles, the main character must change, possibly by learning new skills, to arrive at a higher sense of self-awareness or capability. Main characters can achieve such self-awareness by interacting with their environment, by enlisting the help of mentors, by changing their viewpoint, or by some other method.

Dramatic narrative structure
Throughout the trajectory of narratives with a tripartite structure, character arcs often unfold beside the narrative arc in the following way:

First act
During the first act, the character arc is established or re-established for at least one character, the main character (the protagonist), within the exposition of the environment including relationships to other characters. Later in the first act, a dynamic, on-screen incident, known as the inciting incident, or catalyst occurs that confronts the protagonist, whose attempts to deal with this incident lead to a second and more dramatic situation, known as the first turning point. After the first turning point, life will never be the same for the protagonist and raises a dramatic question that will be answered in the climax of the story. The dramatic question should be framed in terms of the protagonist's call to action, for example, Will X recover the diamond? Will Y get the girl? Will Z capture the killer?

Second act
During the second act, also referred to as "rising action", the character arc develops as the protagonist attempts to resolve the problem initiated by the first turning point, only to discover ever-worsening situations, which often lead to the learning of new skills, the discovery of capabilities, and (sometimes late in the second act if at all) the raising of self-awareness.

Third act
During the third act, including the climax, "falling action" and resolution (denouement), the narrative arc is completed although the character arc typically is not. During the climax, because the main tensions of the story are brought to their most intense point and the dramatic question is answered, a character arc reaches a place where the character gains a new sense of who they are becoming. As the plot and its subplots resolve, the character arc's emphasis shifts from the learning of any new skills or the discovery of dormant capabilities to the awakening of a higher level of self-awareness, which in turn changes who the character is becoming.

In literature
Some examples include:

 * Shakespeare's Hamlet sees the eponymous character, once a young scholarly prince full of promise, quickly becoming a melancholic brooder after his father's death. The play shows his slow but deadly fall into madness.
 * In Dostoevsky's Crime and Punishment, the protagonist Raskolnikov commits a murder that leads him on a path of redemption and, after an intense inner struggle, he realizes that he needs to be punished for his actions, reporting himself to the authorities.
 * Victor Hugo's Les Misérables includes a myriad of characters that transform against the backdrop of social events. Jean Valjean starts as a selfish, violent convict and develops into a generous and loving father to Cosette, who in turn transforms from an abused, lonely and somewhat secluded child to a beautiful and caring woman.
 * Ursula Le Guin's protagonist from her A Wizard of Earthsea quartet gradually changes from an impulsive and arrogant youth to a stoic and wise man, reconciling the darkness within and all the bad actions it had caused.
 * The A Song of Ice and Fire series of books by George R.R. Martin shows numerous examples of complete character arcs. Daenerys Targaryen transforms from a naive young girl to a queen and a conqueror, only to fall from grace after a misuse of power. The character of Jon Snow undergoes a similar arc in embracing the need to govern and rule, and metaphorically "kills the boy and lets the man be born", only to be banished after a misuse of power.

In film
Some examples include:
 * In Tootsie, Dustin Hoffman's character begins as a misogynistic chauvinist but, when he is forced to play the part of a woman, he also experiences a change in how he views women and becomes a different character by the end.
 * In Empire of the Sun, Jim begins as a carefree young boy. After the Japanese take over Shanghai and he is separated from his family, he is forced to suffer trauma because of the war.
 * In The Godfather (1972), widely regarded as one of the greatest films ever made, Michael Corleone initially wants nothing to do with the crime business of his father, Don Vito Corleone. However, after Vito is critically wounded in an assassination attempt, Michael gradually becomes more involved in a war of retribution against those responsible. This, effectively and ironically, sets him down the path to becoming Don of the Corleone crime syndicate. Its acclaimed sequel, The Godfather Part II (1974), chronicles Michael's effective fall from grace as a result of attaining that status.
 * In Taxi Driver (1976), Travis Bickle degenerates from a somewhat disturbed, highly disorganized Vietnam War veteran into an obsessive psychotic.
 * In Goodfellas (1990), Henry Hill (played by Ray Liotta) goes from being a suave and sophisticated gangster to a paranoid nervous wreck due to a severe cocaine addiction.
 * In Frozen, Elsa begins the film embracing her ice powers. After injuring her sister, Anna, she becomes scared of her powers and considers herself a monster. After her sister sacrifices herself, Elsa finally embraces her powers again. Anna begins the movie as a social butterfly willing to throw herself into any man's arms; by the end, she has learned that first appearances are sometimes false and is more mature and cautious about her relationships.
 * In Spider-Man (2002), Peter Parker begins as a shy, awkward, but intelligent teen who is bitten by a radioactive spider and uses his new powers to impress his childhood crush, Mary Jane Watson. But after his Uncle Ben is murdered, Peter grows into a mature young adult and uses his powers responsibly to help people by remembering his uncle's advice that "with great power comes great responsibility". The acclaimed sequel, Spider-Man 2 (2004), chronicles Peter struggling with the responsibility of being a superhero and helping others by sacrificing his own happiness until it takes a toll on his relationships with his best friend Harry Osborn and MJ. Due to his lack of confidence, he begins to lose his powers and eventually gives up and discards his costume. However, after his Aunt May reminds him that heroes exist in everyone to give people strength and nobility, Peter resumes his role, his powers return. He remembers his aunt's philosophy that "To do what is right, we must be steady and give up the thing we want the most—even our dreams." Doc Ock's humanity is restored, and at the end, Peter is rewarded with a relationship with Mary Jane.
 * In Thor: Ragnarok, the Hulk begins a story arc dealing with accepting himself as one person rather than seeing Bruce Banner as a separate entity. It continues in Avengers: Infinity War and concludes in Avengers: Endgame.

In television
Like a story arc, which often is composed of many narrative arcs, the character arc is not confined within the limits of one narrative. The character arc may extend over to the next story, a sequel, or another episode. In episodic TV series, the character arc functions as a narrative hook that writers often use to ensure viewers continue watching.

 * The TV series Desperate Housewives made heavy use of character arcs throughout its run, with story arcs (or mysteries, as the show was famed for) normally being used to move the plot along in the background, as the four protagonists, Susan Mayer, Lynette Scavo, Bree Van de Kamp, and Gabrielle Solis, dealt with their various foibles and flaws, through the eyes of their dead friend and neighbor, Mary Alice Young.
 * Over the course of the television series Xena: Warrior Princess, Gabrielle starts from a young, idealistic Greek farm girl to becoming a warrior, and in the end, she becomes Xena's successor.
 * In the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer, multiple characters go through a substantial character arc. Buffy goes from being a valley girl who wants to escape her destiny to being a warrior committed to her destiny. Willow goes from being a shy, bookish girl to the world's most powerful witch and becomes comfortable with her sexuality.
 * Lost focuses on character arcs for each of the survivors of a plane crash. Jack Shephard changes from a man of science to a man of faith, accepting his role as both the leader of the survivors and eventually at the end of the series, the protector of the island. James "Sawyer" Ford changes from a selfish con-man to a mature leader. John Locke discovers his destiny on the island.
 * Smallville focuses on character arcs for each of its main characters as they progress into their Superman comic book identities. Clark Kent's arc revolved around the gradual acceptance of his destiny and becoming a hero. The series also tracks Lex Luthor's progression into darkness and Lois Lane's emulation of her cousin Chloe as she becomes a hardened journalist. Other characters have their eventual character arc alluded to but never explicitly defined or realized onscreen, such as Perry White's rise to editor of the Daily Planet and Lex Luthor's ascension to President of the United States. As well as individual characters, there are arcs involving many characters which intertwine to tell about the formation of the Justice League.
 * In Breaking Bad, Walter White begins as a timid and mild-mannered and high school chemistry teacher who, following a terminal lung cancer diagnosis, becomes a producer and distributor of methamphetamine in order to secure his family's financial future before he dies. As Walter becomes more involved in the drug trade, his character develops from a morally responsible and unassuming family man into a manipulative, power-hungry and violent drug lord. Jesse Pinkman begins the series as a typical drug-dealing slacker and wannabe gangster, but as the show goes on, he becomes less and less comfortable with the criminal lifestyle as it takes a toll on his relationships and is no longer able to accept the horrors he's been a part of. By the end of the show, he becomes a changed man who has empathy and whose talents have been realized by the people around him.

title: Character arc


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Kōji Tsuruta

Eiichi Ono (小野 榮一), better known by his stage name Kōji Tsuruta (鶴田 浩二), was a Japanese actor and singer. He appeared in almost 260 feature films and had a unique style of singing. His daughter, Sayaka Tsuruta, is an actress.

Career
Born in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Tsuruta was raised in Osaka by his grandmother, following his parents' divorce. A delinquent in high school, he finished second from the bottom of his class.

Tsuruta was studying at Kansai University when he was drafted into the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in 1944. After the war he joined Hirokichi Takada's theater troupe and made his film debut at Shochiku in 1948 with Yūkyō no mure, gaining a female following for playing handsome leads. He left Shochiku in 1952 to start his own production company. Prior, a romance with actress Keiko Kishi made headlines and Shochiku forced the two to end the relationship. He was attacked by the yakuza in 1953. He notably played Sasaki Kojirō in Toho's Samurai Trilogy (1954–1956), opposite Toshirō Mifune.

He joined Toei in 1960, and found success with 1963's Jinsei Gekijo: Hishakaku. In his book The Yakuza Movie Book : A Guide to Japanese Gangster Films, Mark Schilling cites this film for starting the ninkyo eiga trend of chivalrous yakuza films. For the next decade Tsuruta was Toei's leading and hardest working star of yakuza films, starring or guest-starring in a different film every month at his peak. Memorable films include Bakuto (1964) and Nihon Kyokakuden Ketto Kanda Matsuri (1966). Tsuruta was also a successful singer, scoring hits with such songs as "Kizudarake no Jinsei".

However, in the 1970s he struggled and his performances were criticized when the yakuza genre shifted to a modern more realistic setting. He made his last film in 1985, Saigo no Bakuto. Kōji Tsuruta died from lung cancer on June 16, 1987, at the age of 62.

Films

 * Eden no Umi (1950) – directed by Noboru Nakamura
 * Battle of Roses (1950)
 * Tea Over Rice (1952) – directed by Yasujirō Ozu
 * A Night in Hawaii (Hawai no yoru) (1953)
 * Samurai Trilogy (1954–1956) – directed by Hiroshi Inagaki
 * Samurai II: Duel at Ichijoji Temple (1955)
 * Samurai III: Duel at Ganryu Island (1956)
 * A Man Among Men (1955) – directed by Kajiro Yamamoto
 * Nemuri Kyôshirô Burai Hikae (1956) – directed by Shigeaki Hidaka
 * Yagyu Secret Scrolls (1957) – directed by Hiroshi Inagaki
 * Oshidori Kenkagasa (1957)
 * Yagyu Secret Scrolls Part 2 (1958) – directed by Hiroshi Inagaki
 * The Loyal 47 Ronin (1958) – directed by Kunio Watanabe
 * Boss of the Underworld (Ankokugai no kaoyaku) (1959) – directed by Kihachi Okamoto
 * The Birth of Japan (1959) – directed by Hiroshi Inagaki
 * Secret of the Telegian (1960) – directed by Jun Fukuda
 * Gang vs. G-Men (1962) - directed by Kinji Fukasaku
 * Chūshingura: Hana no Maki, Yuki no Maki (1962) – directed by Hiroshi Inagaki
 * Jinsei Gekijo: Hisha Kaku (1963) – directed by Tadashi Sawashima
 * Bakuto (1964) – directed by Shigehiro Ozawa
 * Meiji Kyokyakuden – Sandaime Shumei (1965) – directed by Tai Kato
 * Nihon Kyokakuden Ketto Kanda Matsuri (1966)
 * Ceremony of Disbanding (1967) - directed by Kinji Fukasaku
 * Bakuchi-uchi: Socho Tobaku (1968) – directed by Kōsaku Yamashita
 * Bloodstained Clan Honor (1970) – directed by Kinji Fukasaku
 * Sympathy for the Underdog (1971) – directed by Kinji Fukasaku
 * Kizudarake no Jinsei (1971) – directed by Shigehiro Ozawa
 * Golgo 13: Assignment Kowloon (1977)
 * Yakuza senso: Nihon no Don (1977) – directed by Sadao Nakajima
 * Imperial Navy (1981) – directed by Shūe Matsubayashi
 * Conquest (1982)
 * Saigo no Bakuto (1985) – directed by Kosaku Yamashita

Television

 * Ōgon no Hibi (1978) – as Sen no Rikyū
 * Sanga Moyu (1984) – as Shigenori Tōgō

title: Kōji Tsuruta


text:
Podravka

Podravka d.d. is a Croatian food company based in Koprivnica. Founded in 1934, today it is one of the largest food companies in Southeast Europe.

1934–1990
The brothers Marijan and Matija Wolf founded the company on 14 June 1934. At the time, the firm was a fruit factory. When the communists under Tito took power in 1947 the company was nationalized and received its current name.

In 1949, Podravka started producing fruit jam. In 1952 new products were released on the market: once a fruit factory Podravka now started producing candy, mustard, ketchup, fruit brandy and canned meat. The production of instant soups started in 1957. The rooster on the chicken soup became a symbol in Yugoslavia.

In 1959 Vegeta was released. Today, the condiment is sold in more than 40 countries.

In 1967, Podravka had its first cooperation with international companies and exported Vegeta to Hungary and the Soviet Union for the first time. After founding the subsidiary Belupo in 1972 Podravka started producing pharmaceuticals in Ludbreg and starting 1981 in Danica as well.

1990–present
After Croatia regained independence, Podravka was privatized in 1993 and transformed into a stock company. The trade of Podravka shares at the Zagreb Stock Exchange started in 1998. With the 130 million euros gained from the stock market launch, three new factories were built.

In 2000 new production sites in Koprivnica and Poland were opened for Vegeta. In the same year Podravka took over the exclusive sale of Barilla products in Poland and one year later the exclusive sale for Kraš in Hungary. In honour of Zlata Bartl, who was responsible for the development of Vegeta in 1959, the company created the Zlata-Bartl-Foundation in 2001.

Podravka took over Ital-Ice and the Czech company Lagris in 2002. That same year Podravka signed partnership agreements with Nestlé, Heinz and Unilever and transformed the pharmaceutical subsidiary Belupo into a stock company.

In 2003, Podravka opened a new manufactory in the industrial zone of Danica. Three years later, it took over the brand EVA.

In 2007, Podravka acquired the companies Warzywko and Perfekt in Poland and Lero in Croatia. That same year, the Vienna Stock Exchange added Podravka to the CROX-Index. Podravka signed a merchandising agreement with Paramount Pictures in 2008. That same year it took over the brands Čokolešnik and Čoko.

In 2009 a financial scandal led to the arrest of several board members under charges of corruption 35 million Euros in company funds was secretly channeled in an attempt to acquire a large stake in Podravka. The Croatian Deputy Prime Minister and former Podravka supervisory board member Damir Polančec resigned his government post.

In 2009 Podravka acquired Belsad and opened a new logistics center in Dugopolje.

In 2010, Podravka products were produced in the United States for the first time.

In 2012 Zvonimir Mršić became Podravka's chief executive officer and Dubravko Štimac was elected chairman of the supervisory board.

In 2013, the company opened a Food innovation center in cooperation with the Ruđer Bošković Institute. In the same year, Podravka signed an agreement with the Croatian spirituous beverages' producer Badel 1862 for exclusive distribution of Badel products in Slovenia.

In 2014, Podravka took over the fish processing company Mirna and acquired a 51.55% majority stake in Slovenian food company Žito in 2015.

Consumer brands
Podravka markets its products under brand names including: Podravka also produces pickled vegetables and Ajvar relish.
 * Vegeta – an original condiment which is a mixture primarily of salt with flavour enhancers, spices and various vegetables. It was developed in 1959 by Bosnian Croat scientist Zlata Bartl and her team, and is sold worldwide. It is produced by Podravka, and two Vegeta licensees from Austria and Hungary. There have been around 50 instances of other companies attempting to reproduce the product. Vegeta was conceived in 1958 in Podravka's laboratories. The product was first sold in Yugoslavia in 1959 as "Vegeta 40". In 1967 Vegeta was first exported to Hungary and the USSR and is now sold in around 40 countries worldwide. There is also a "no MSG added" version for those avoiding monosodium glutamate.
 * Warzywko – a condiment similar to Vegeta, sold in Poland
 * Eva – sardines, tuna, mackerel & herring
 * Tallianetta – pasta meals
 * Vital Fini-Mini – small soups
 * Fant – half ready-to-serve meals
 * Belsad – marmelades and jams
 * Sms – oils
 * Provita – cereals
 * Čokolino and Lino – food for small children
 * Čokolešnik and Čoko – food for small children
 * Dolcela – cremes
 * Lero – juices
 * Kviki – salted snacks

title: Podravka


text:
Timeline of the Philippine–American War

The Philippine–American War, also known as the Philippine War of Independence or the Philippine Insurrection (1899–1902), was an armed conflict between Filipino revolutionaries and the government of the United States which arose from the struggle of the First Philippine Republic to gain independence following the Philippines being acquired by the United States from Spain. This article lists significant events from before, during, and after that war, with links to other articles containing more detail.

Spanish–American War period

 * 21–25 April – The Spanish–American War begins. War is declared by the United States and Spain.
 * 1 May – Commodore George Dewey decisively defeated the Spanish fleet commanded by Patricio Montojo in the Battle of Manila Bay.

Prewar events
Prior to the Spanish–American War, the Philippine Revolution against Spain had been suspended by the Pact of Biak-na-Bato. Following on that pact, Emilio Aguinaldo, who had been leader of the Katipunan, went into exile in Hong Kong along with other revolutionary leaders. Some revolutionaries remained in the Philippines and continued the revolution. When the Spanish–American War broke out, American forces sailed for the Philippines and decisively defeated the Spanish Navy. Aguinaldo then returned to the Philippines, and resumed a leadership role in the revolution. As the Spanish–American War continues, Aguinaldo proclaims Philippine independence and establishes an insurgent government.

1898

 * 19 May – Emilio Aguinaldo returns to the Philippines from exile in Hong Kong aboard an American naval vessel
 * 24 May – Aguinaldo issues a proclamation in which he assumed command of all Philippine forces and established a dictatorial government with himself as dictator.
 * 12 June – The Philippine Declaration of Independence is proclaimed by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista, its author, on behalf of the Dictatorial Government of the Philippines.
 * 18 June – Aguinaldo, believing the Americans had no intent to occupy the Philippine Islands, issued a decree formally establishing the Dictatorial Government of the Philippines.
 * 23 June – Aguinaldo issues a decree replacing the Dictatorial Government with a Revolutionary Government, with himself as president.
 * 25 June – The third of three U.S. expeditions arrives in Manila, bringing U.S. land forces in the country to a total of 10,946 men.
 * 8 August – Eight American soldiers were killed or wounded by the Spanish fire. American officers suspected at the time that the insurgents were informing the Spaniards of the American movements. This was later confirmed by captured insurgent documents.
 * 12 August – The Protocol of Peace is signed in Washington, D.C. between the U.S. and Spain. U.S. President William McKinley directs that "all operations against the enemy be suspended." Word of this will not reach Manila until 16 August.
 * 13 August – In the 1898 Battle of Manila, U.S. forces take possession of the country's capital. At the conclusion of the battle, U.S. forces control the city and Filipino forces remain in the suburbs.
 * 14 August – U.S. Major General Wesley Merritt, at the time commander of U.S. forces in the Philippines, issues a proclamation establishing a military government in the Philippines, designating himself as Governor of the Philippines.
 * 25 August – One American soldier was killed, another mortally wounded and four more slightly wounded in a clash at Cavite between American soldiers and Filipino revolutionaries. Aguinaldo expressed his regret and promised to punish the offenders.
 * 26 September – American and Spanish delegations begin negotiations in Paris on a treaty to end the Spanish–American War.
 * 10 December – The Treaty of Paris is signed in Paris. In Article III of the treaty, Spain cedes to the United States the archipelago known as the Philippine Islands.

1899

 * 20 January – Malolos Congress ratifies the Malolos constitution.
 * 21 January – Emilio Aguinaldo sanctions the Malolos Constitution.
 * 22 January – Malolos Constitution is promulgated.
 * 6 February – The U.S. Senate approved the Treaty of Paris by a vote of 52 to 27. President McKinley signed it on that day.
 * 19 March – Spain ratified the Treaty of Paris when the Queen Regent María Cristina signed the agreement to break the impasse of the deadlocked Cortes.

Start and ending dates
Depending on events chosen to mark the beginning and the end of the war, a number of different start and ending dates can be given. For purposes of this article, the war is considered to have begun on 4 February 1899, and to have ended on 4 July 1902.

Armed conflict erupted in Manila between U.S. and Filipino forces on 4 February 1899. On that date, Emilio Aguinaldo issued a proclamation ordering, in part, "[t]hat peace and friendly relations with the Americans be broken and that the latter be treated as enemies, within the limits prescribed by the laws of war." On 2 June 1899, the Malolos Congress enacted and ratified a Declaration of War on the United States, which was publicly proclaimed on that same day by Pedro Paterno, President of the Assembly.

The ending of the war was not formalized in a treaty by which it can be dated. Emilio Aguinaldo was captured by U.S. forces on 23 March 1901, and swore allegiance to the U.S. on 1 April, appealing to all Filipinos to accept the "sovereignty of the United States ...". Armed conflict continued, however, until the surrender of the last Filipino general on 13 April 1902. On 4 July 1902, U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaimed a full and complete pardon and amnesty to all people in the Philippine archipelago who had participated in the conflict, and that July 4 date is often mentioned as the ending date of the war. On 9 April 2002, Philippine President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo proclaimed that the Philippine–American War had ended on 16 April 1902 with the surrender of General Miguel Malvar.

However, despite these proclamations from the Americans and ilustrado elite, the war continued across the archipelago for over a decade. Bands of guerrillas, millenarian movements and other resistance groups continued to roam the countryside, still clashing with American Army or Philippine Constabulary patrols. American troops and the Philippine Constabulary continued hostilities against such resistance groups until 1913. Some other sources describe post-1902 actions in Mindanao as a separate conflict.

1899

 * 4 February – General hostilities erupt between U.S. inside Manila and Filipino forces surrounding the city.
 * 4 February – Emilio Aguinaldo proclaims war on U.S. forces.
 * 5 February – Battle of Manila: the first and largest battle of the Philippine–American War; Americans drive Filipino forces away from Manila.
 * 31 March – American forces capture Malolos, capital of the Philippine Republic on Luzon, driving out Aguinaldo and his government.
 * 9–10 April – Battle of Santa Cruz: U.S. General Henry W. Lawton captures Filipino stronghold of Santa Cruz and pushes into Laguna province on Luzon.
 * 11 April – Battle of Pagsanjan: American sharpshooters skirmish with Filipinos outside of Pagsanjan, succeeding in driving them out. General Lawton's troops take Pagsanjan in the second action of the Laguna Campaign.
 * 12 April – Battle of Paete: General Lawton's forces disperse Filipinos blocking route to Paete in a stiff fight. Paete taken by the Americans. The last action of the Laguna Campaign.
 * 23 April – Battle of Quingua: Filipino General Gregorio del Pilar stops American cavalry scouts on Luzon, but is then routed after an artillery bombardment and infantry ground assault.
 * 2 June – The Malolos Congress of the First Philippine Republic enacted and ratified a Declaration of War on the United States, which was publicly proclaimed on that same day by Pedro Paterno, President of the Assembly.
 * 5 June – Filipino General Antonio Luna assassinated by Aguinaldo's men.
 * 13 June – Battle of Zapote Bridge: Lawton's American forces rout a larger Philippine force under General Maximo Hizon and inflict heavy casualties on the enemy in 2nd largest battle of the Philippine–American War.
 * 11 November – Battle of San Jacinto: American General Loyd Wheaton drives Filipinos out of San Jacinto, Luzon.
 * 13 November – Emilio Aguinaldo decrees that guerrilla warfare would henceforth be the strategy.
 * 2 December – Battle of Tirad Pass: Sixty Filipino soldiers under General Gregorio del Pilar fight off an attack of 500 American soldiers for 5 hours, before nearly all Filipinos are killed, including del Pilar.
 * 19 December – Battle of Paye: For unknown reasons, General Lawton assumed personal command of the expedition, and was struck in the chest and killed when the unit he was with came under fire. The town of Montalban was occupied in the action before Lawton's death, and the town of San Mateo was occupied afterwards. Lawton was the only U.S. fatality in the action.

1900

 * 15 April – In the Siege of Catubig, Filipino guerrillas launch a surprise attack against a detachment of American soldiers, and after a four-day siege, Americans evacuate the town of Catubig in Samar.
 * May – General Arthur MacArthur, Jr. replaces General Elwell Stephen Otis as military governor and William Howard Taft arrived as civilian Governor-General of the Philippines (until 1904)
 * June – General Arthur MacArthur, Jr. proclaims a 90-day amnesty and offers 30 pesos per rifle. The amnesty pledges "complete immunity for the past and liberty for the future." The results of the amnesty were disappointing. It is suspected that many of the natives surrendering were opportunists collecting bounty for obsolete weapons.
 * 4 June – In the Battle of Makahambus Hill, Filipinos rout an American regiment and inflict heavy casualties, but take less than 5 casualties of their own.
 * 13 September – In the Battle of Pulang Lupa, Filipino resistance fighters under Colonel Maximo Abad ambush 55 American Soldiers, killing, wounding, or capturing all of them.
 * 17 September – Battle of Mabitac: Filipino forces outmaneuver and routed American forces on Luzon.
 * 2 November – William McKinley defeats Democrat William Jennings Bryan in the presidential election. Bryan was hurt by Aguinaldo's endorsement of the Democratic party. Albert Beveridge, the freshman senator from Indiana, emerged during the campaign as the "golden orator" of Republican imperialism, debating Senator George Frisbie Hoar, using his tour of the Philippines to claim direct knowledge of the war, holding out a golden nugget from the islands to prove its potential wealth: "I was there."

1901

 * 5 March – Lonoy Massacre; in a reverse ambush, U.S. Infantryman launch a surprise attack on Bohol natives who had laid an ambush and kill over 400.
 * 23 March – Aguinaldo is captured in Palanan, Isabela by Macabebe Scouts and U.S. forces.
 * 1 April – Aguinaldo swears allegiance to the United States.
 * 1 April – Aguinaldo appeals to all Filipinos to accept the "sovereignty of the United States ...".
 * 1 May - Generals Manuel Tinio & Benito Natividad surrender to Gen. J. Franklin Bell at Sinait and the complete pacification of Northern Luzon.
 * 4 July – Civil government was inaugurated with William H. Taft as the Civil Governor.
 * 28 September – Balangiga massacre; over 50 Americans are killed in an uprising on Samar. Gen. Jacob H. Smith orders retaliation.
 * 7 December – American General J. Franklin Bell begins concentration camp policy in Batangas on Luzon - everything outside the "dead lines" was systematically destroyed—humans, crops, domestic animals, houses, and boats. A similar policy had been initiated on the island of Marinduque some months before. An American Anti-imperialist press argues this policy is similar to the reconcentrado policy of Spanish General Valeriano Weyler in Cuba and British General Horatio Kitchener in the Second Boer War in South Africa.

1902

 * 31 January – Senator George Frisbie Hoar pushes for a Congressional investigation by the standing Committee on the Philippines headed by Senator Henry Cabot Lodge into alleged cruelties inflicted upon Filipino prisoners by U.S. servicemen. The investigation concluded on 28 June 1902. For two months after this the legal team presenting evidence for the committee compiled its report. This report was released on 29 August 1902. The report is available at Wikisource:Secretary Root's Record:"Marked Severities" in Philippine Warfare.
 * 17 February – Filipino General Vicente Lukbán captured on Samar. Resistance continues in the Samar interior.
 * 2 March – Court-martial of U.S. Marine Major Littleton Waller begins for the January execution of 11 mutinous porters on Samar. Court votes 11-2 for acquittal.
 * 16 April – Filipino General Miguel Malvar surrenders in Luzon, followed by 3,000 of his men. The last Filipino general to surrender in the war.
 * 27 April – The last guerrilla in Samar surrenders.
 * Court-martial of U.S. General Jacob H. Smith for ordering the killing of all males over 10 years of age on Samar. He was convicted, verbally admonished, sent back to U.S., and retired from service.
 * 16 June – U.S. military rule ends; civil government begins.
 * 1 July – Passage of the Philippine Organic Act by the United States, the basic law of the Insular Government.
 * 4 July – U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims a full and complete pardon and amnesty to all people in the Philippine archipelago who had participated in the conflict.

1904

 * Battle of Dolores River – Forty-seven Philippine Constabulary Scouts were ambushed by 1000 pulajans and nearly all killed.

1906

 * 5–7 March – First Battle of Bud Dajo; one-thousand Moros fortify themselves in an extinct volcanic crater on Mindanao and battle a large number of American soldiers, before virtually all Moros Scouts killed.
 * 17 July – Macario Sakay, president of the Tagalog Republic surrenders to Philippine Constabulary Chief Harry Hill Bandholtz.

1911

 * September – General John J. Pershing, governor of the Moro province, ordered the complete disarmament of all Moros.
 * December – In the Second Battle of Bud Dajo, U.S. forces, assaulted and captured a Moro-held defensive position in the Bud Dajo crater.

1913

 * 11–15 June – Battle of Bud Bagsak.

title: Timeline of the Philippine–American War


text: Category:Moscovites

title: Category:Moscovites


text:
Great dirhombicosidodecahedron

In geometry, the great dirhombicosidodecahedron (or great snub disicosidisdodecahedron) is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed last as $U75$. It has 124 faces (40 triangles, 60 squares, and 24 pentagrams), 240 edges, and 60 vertices.

This is the only non-degenerate uniform polyhedron with more than six faces meeting at a vertex. Each vertex has 4 squares which pass through the vertex central axis (and thus through the centre of the figure), alternating with two triangles and two pentagrams. Another unusual feature is that the faces all occur in coplanar pairs.

This is also the only uniform polyhedron that cannot be made by the Wythoff construction from a spherical triangle. It has a special Wythoff symbol $| 3/2 5/3 3 5/2,$ relating it to a spherical quadrilateral. This symbol suggests that it is a sort of snub polyhedron, except that instead of the non-snub faces being surrounded by snub triangles as in most snub polyhedra, they are surrounded by snub squares.

It has been nicknamed "Miller's monster" (after J. C. P. Miller, who with H. S. M. Coxeter and M. S. Longuet-Higgins enumerated the uniform polyhedra in 1954).

Related polyhedra
If the definition of a uniform polyhedron is relaxed to allow any even number of faces adjacent to an edge, then this definition gives rise to one further polyhedron: the great disnub dirhombidodecahedron which has the same vertices and edges but with a different arrangement of triangular faces.

The vertices and edges are also shared with the uniform compounds of 20 octahedra or 20 tetrahemihexahedra. 180 of the 240 edges are shared with the great snub dodecicosidodecahedron.

This polyhedron is related to the nonconvex great rhombicosidodecahedron (quasirhombicosidodecahedron) by a branched cover: there is a function from the great dirhombicosidodecahedron to the quasirhombicosidodecahedron that is 2-to-1 everywhere, except for the vertices.

Cartesian coordinates
Let the point $$p$$ be given by
 * $$p=

\begin{pmatrix} \phi^{-\frac12} \\ 0 \\       \phi^{-1} \end{pmatrix} $$, where $$\phi$$ is the golden ratio. Let the matrix $$M$$ be given by
 * $$M=

\begin{pmatrix} 1/2 & -\phi/2 & 1/(2\phi) \\ \phi/2  & 1/(2\phi)     & -1/2 \\ 1/(2\phi)    & 1/2  & \phi/2 \end{pmatrix} $$. $$M$$ is the rotation around the axis $$(1, 0, \phi)$$ by an angle of $$2\pi/5$$, counterclockwise. Let the linear transformations $$T_0, \ldots, T_{11}$$ be the transformations which send a point $$(x, y, z)$$ to the even permutations of $$(\pm x, \pm y, \pm z)$$ with an even number of minus signs. The transformations $$T_i$$ constitute the group of rotational symmetries of a regular tetrahedron. The transformations $$T_i M^j$$ $$(i = 0,\ldots, 11$$, $$j = 0,\ldots, 4)$$ constitute the group of rotational symmetries of a regular icosahedron. Then the 60 points $$T_i M^j p$$ are the vertices of a great dirhombicosidodecahedron. The edge length equals $$\sqrt2$$, the circumradius equals $$1$$, and the midradius equals $$\frac12\sqrt2$$.

For a great dirhombicosidodecahedron whose edge length is 1, the circumradius is
 * $$R = \frac12\sqrt2$$.

Its midradius is
 * $$r=\frac12$$.

title: Great dirhombicosidodecahedron


text: Category:Russian people by city

title: Category:Russian people by city


text:
Talk:Stylobate

Comments
A stylobate is indeed the correct term for this term of architecture.

classical Chinese architecture
In Chinese we call something like this a 臺基 (台基, táijī). Is this the same thing as a stylobate? If so, we should add a section on this. Tooironic (talk) 00:03, 20 October 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stylobate


text:
User talk:Wanderingmonk

Has anyone here ever thought of a vocation to the monastic life? Wanderingmonk 03:58, 15 October 2005 (UTC) wanderingmonk

title: User talk:Wanderingmonk


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nadi Jodhidam

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep — there is no clear consensus (5 votes keep, 3 votes delete). However, the majority is for keep, and that's a failsafe stance. Some users noted that this might be a relevant stub from which an article might grow. I'll add cleanup though. --Gareth Hughes 19:23, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

Nadi Jodhidam
Problem: Does not appear notable, Google suggests a different spelling, and there are no relevant findings in my opinion. Seems to be Original research as well, if I am wrong, hopefully somebody can correct. Molotov    (talk)     03:37, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete nonsense. --rob 03:45, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Hold on a minute. Get somebody that knows something about hinduism to offer an opinion on this one.  If it truly is nonsense, then delete.  Otherwise merge into appropriate hindu related topic or list as a hindu stub.  Just because we are not familiar with a cultural reference does not make in nonsense.--Gaff talk 10:43, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Comment I know firsthand that it is fairly popular in Madras. It is a form of predicting the future. The concept behind it is that the fate of everyone is already predicted many thousands of years ago. There are different branches of this based on predictions by different sages, the one by Agastya being the most famous. The guys who make the prediction have these predictions written in dried palm leaves, one leaf for each individual. If you go there for consultation, they will ask you for your details and find a leaf which matches the things that have already happened in your life, and read out/interpret the rest of the contents of the leaf to predict your future. How scientific it is is anybody's guess. Tintin 15:21, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Delete, unless the article is significantly improved. A three line stub of this sort does no good to anybody. Tintin 15:21, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep--according to Tintin, this is in fact a good topic for an article, and the stub will expand over time. Indeed, I already know more about the topic than I did before. Meelar (talk) 17:59, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Weak Keep Nadi Jothidam is the spelling preferred by google, and articles of either spelling refer to astrology, not palm leaf reading. This appears to be a real phenomenon, but I'm not certain how valid the article is as it stands.  I'd like to keep it, or maybe Redirect to Nadi Jothidam, and definitely it needs some expansion, but it does seem notable.  Jesse 19:26, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * You will get many google hits for 'Nadi jyothisham' and 'Nadi jothisham' as well, and sometimes with the alternate spelling naadi ! Jyothisham (with minor differences in spelling) is the word for astrology in most Indian languages. Tintin 19:35, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep per Tintin.--Gaff talk  08:48, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Even though, I wouldn't call it a science, there are a number of people who believe in these predictions and their accouns seem irrefutable (perhaps they're tricked). As for the name, I'd prefer Nadi jothidam (the pronumciation would be naa-di joo-thi-dam [o as in over]). -- Sundar \talk \contribs 03:50, 18 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep but major cleanup and stubbification needed. - Sensor 02:37, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Omicron2 Cancri

Omicron2 Cancri (ο2 Cnc, ο2 Cancri) is a solitary, yellow-white-hued star in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. With an apparent visual magnitude of +5.67, it can be viewed with the naked eye on a dark night. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 21.68 mas as seen from Earth, this star is located around 150 light-years from the Sun. It most likely forms a co-moving pair with Omicron1 Cancri.

With a stellar classification of F0 IV, this is an F-type subgiant star that has left the main sequence and is evolving toward the giant stage. It is estimated to be roughly 300 million years old with a relatively high rotation rate, as shown by a projected rotational velocity of around 90.5 km/s. With 1.72 times the mass of the Sun and 1.62 times the Sun's radius, it is radiating 10.3 times the solar luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of $1.72$.

The star has an infrared excess, suggesting it surrounded by a circumstellar debris disk. Modelling of this structure indicates there are three distinct components, consisting of belts orbiting at distances of about 20 AU, 80 AU and 270 AU from the central star. They are inclined at an angle of 64° to the line of sight along a position angle of 103°. The gaps between the belts are most likely maintained by orbiting planets.

title: Omicron2 Cancri


text:
User talk:Stevie220

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Tempshill 03:20, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Uploaded photo
Hi,

I noticed your bread machine photo didn't list a source or copyright tag. I've added the "no source" tag to the picture's page. If you can locate the source URL and list the copyright tag, then please feel free to remove the "no source" tag.

Drop me a note on my talk page if you have any questions. Thanks - Tempshill 03:20, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Stevie220


text:
Apyrexy

In pathology, apyrexy, or apyrexia (Greek απυρεξια, from α-, privative, πυρεσσειν, to be in a fever, πυρ, fire, fever) is the normal interval or period of intermission in a fever or the absence of a fever.

title: Apyrexy


text:
Arytenoid

Arytenoid can refer to:

 * Arytenoid cartilage, part of the larynx
 * Arytenoid muscle, part of the larynx

title: Arytenoid


text: Category:Television pilots

title: Category:Television pilots


text:
Talk:Hugh Despenser the Elder

Untitled
He lived to 100 years of age?! Why was he appointed to all these positions when he was in his 80's and 90's? Apparently he was 60 when his son was born... This seems only just on this side of possible... Clarification anybody? 222.153.76.14

Dates appear to have been fixed? Link through to DNB article on Wikisource added to references. Smd49 (talk) 06:13, 30 September 2012 (UTC)

Maybe a little addition to keep confusion to a minimum:
''When Isabella and her lover, Roger Mortimer, led a rebellion against her husband Edward, they captured both Despensers—first the elder, later the younger. Queen Isabella interceded for Hugh the elder, but his enemies, notably Roger Mortimer and Henry, Earl of Lancaster, insisted both father and son should face trial and execution.''

When I read this I thought "Boy, must've been love for Isabella to have her husband and son treated like that." and didn't think anything more of it. It wasn't until I read a different page that it dawned on me that QUEEN Isabella was meant at the beginning of the paragraph. I do realize that she is mentioned at the end of this one, and at the end of the section before this, but a too casual reading (like I did) can definitely cause some confusion because both his wife and his queen are named Isabella. A simple addition of "Queen" in front of the first "Isabella" in this paragraph would probably help with that.

79.225.8.141 (talk) 17:06, 14 March 2013 (UTC) Rhonda

title: Talk:Hugh Despenser the Elder


text:
82 Cancri

82 Cancri is a solitary, orange-hued star in the zodiac constellation of Cancer. It has the Bayer designation Pi2 Cancri, which is Latinized from π2 Cancri; 82 Cancri is the star's Flamsteed designation. The star lies just a degree to the south of the ecliptic. With an apparent visual magnitude of +5.33, it is dimly visible to the naked eye on a dark night. This star is located at a distance of approximately 540 light years from the Sun based on parallax. At that range, the visual magnitude is diminished by an extinction of 0.10 magnitudes due to interstellar dust. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +27 km/s.

This is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K1 III, having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core then cooled and expanded off the main sequence. The star currently has 31 times the girth of the Sun and is spinning slowly with a projected rotational velocity. It is radiating over 300 times the Sun's luminosity from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,340 K. Based on its abundance of iron, the star has a lower abundances of heavier elements than the Sun.

title: 82 Cancri


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Northern Bay

Northern Bay is a small community on the northern tip of Conception Bay on the Bay de Verde Peninsula, Subdivision 1G, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.

Location
Northern Bay has roughly 290 permanent residents and is located between the neighbouring communities of Gull Island and Ochre Pit Cove on Route 70. It stretches from what is sometimes referred to as the "south side" of Northern Bay where the beach is located to what was once called the "Lower Rooms" which includes the former community of Long Beach.

History
Fishing firms from England and Wales arrived at what is now Northern Bay as early as the mid-18th century. By 1768, immigrants from England and Ireland had settled the "North Shore" of Conception Bay, including Northern Bay.

On September 17, 1775, a ship carrying 400 passengers crashed somewhere near present-day Northern Bay. The crash was undoubtedly the result of the Newfoundland Hurricane of 1775 which remains one of the worst - if not the worst - natural disasters to have hit Newfoundland and Labrador in history.

In 1836, a Roman Catholic church (Corpus Christi Parish) was established in Northern Bay. A United Church also exists in the community. The town has three cemeteries.

One of the communities first settlers was William Hogan, an Irish merchant.

Since the 19th century, Northern Bay's population has remained relatively constant with some out-migration but a steady birthrate. The economy was mostly based on fishing and subsistence agriculture throughout the 19th and early 20th century.

A horse named after the area took part in the 1987 English Grand National Steeplechase, finishing the race in ninth place

Folklore
Myths, legends and folklore were once very important in rural Newfoundland, but today are little more than entertainment.

One folk tale that continues in the culture of Northern Bay and the surrounding communities is that of "Hannah's Tolt". The following is from the old Newfoundland magazine Decks Wash (V.9, No.6, Dec.1980):
 * "The local word for a rocky hill is 'tolt' and there is an interesting story surrounding the origin of Hannah's Tolt, located inland from Northern Bay near Welsh's Pond. It occurred probably in the 1920s [or] 1930s. Late in the fall of the year when a crowd of women were in the woods berry-picking, Hannah Milley and her daughter must have been separated from the main group of women when a snowstorm suddenly broke out. They never made it back to the community. Search parties failed to turn up the bodies, but about 17 years later, a man named Lewis Crummey was in the woods partridge hunting and he found the two bodies and their rusted berry buckets down at the base of a tolt, which was then nicknamed Hannah's Tolt."

Demographics
The population of the community in 1836 was 282. Present day figures do not deviate from that, although it is actually more difficult to have a reliable figure for the population of Northern Bay or any other town in rural Newfoundland today due to much outmigration and seasonal work outside the province resulting in unpredictable levels of return.

Economy
The local economy is based on fishing, fish and crab processing plants in nearby communities, some local small businesses, and Northern Bay Sands which was a provincial park until privatization in 1997. Unemployment is high however due to the cod moratorium of 1992.

Education
Until recently, Northern Bay had one school which served all the neighbouring communities from Caplin Cove through Kingston. Corpus Christi Elementary and High School in Northern Bay catered predominantly to Roman Catholic Students in the area and Jackson Walsh Elementary and High School in nearby Western Bay was an interfaith school. The referendum of 1997 which put an end to denominational education in Newfoundland and Labrador's public schools meant that the school in Northern Bay (which was renamed North Shore Collegiate) became the high school for all students in the area, and Jackson Walsh (renamed Cabot Academy) would become the elementary school serving the area.

In 2002, North Shore Collegiate closed as a result of a declining student population. The closing of the high school meant that all students from grades 7 through 12 from Northern Bay and the surrounding communities would have to attend school in either Old Perlican to the north or Carbonear further south.

The closing of the school has left an indelible impression on local life, particularly as it was also a centre for community gatherings and a symbol of growth and autonomy for not only Northern Bay but the entire North Shore region.

Tourism
The community is a popular site for tourists in the summer season due to Northern Bay Sands. This park and campgrounds is also the site of the annual "Beach Fest", a day-long concert featuring local and provincial musical acts. The close proximity to major centres on the Avalon Peninsula such as St. John's, Carbonear, and Bay Roberts has made Northern Bay a particularly well-known summer get-away spot. As a result of this, there is a renewed interest in cabin ownership in the area and real estate values have modestly increased in recent years.

Politics
The community is not incorporated as a municipality but its citizens are active in local organizations such as school boards, church groups or the North Shore Regional Fire Department.

Northern Bay is in the provincial riding of Carbonear-Trinity-Bay de Verde, represented by Liberal MHA Steve Crocker and the federal electoral district of Avalon represented by Liberal MP Ken McDonald.

Towns and communities nearby

 * Job's Cove
 * Burnt Point
 * Gull Island
 * Ochre Pit Cove
 * Western Bay

title: Northern Bay