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Radio Monte Carlo

Radio Monte Carlo (RMC) is the name of radio stations owned and managed by several different entities:

 * RMC (France) is a French-speaking station, broadcasting in France and Monaco owned by NextRadioTV.
 * RMC Sport, a French bouquet of paid TV sport channels, launched on 7 June 2016 as SFR Sport and rebranded as RMC Sport on 3 July 2018:
 * RMC Sport 1, flagship channel
 * RMC Sport 2, multisports
 * RMC Sport 3, extreme sports and equitation
 * RMC Sport 4, combat sport
 * RMC Sport Live 5-16, additional channels to broadcast live matches
 * RMC Découverte and RMC Story, two digital free-to-air TV channels focused on talk-shows and documentaries
 * Radio Monte Carlo Network is an Italian-speaking station, broadcasting in Italy and Monaco from both Monaco and Milan, and owned by Mediaset. Radio Monte Carlo was founded in 1966 by Noel Cutisson and its enlisted deejays included: Antonio Devia, Awanagana, Ettore Andenna, Gigi Salvadori, Herbert Pagani, Liliana Dell'Acqua, Luisella Berrino, Manuela De Vito, Marco Odino, Mario Raffaele Conti, Max Pagani, Riccardo Heinen, Roberto Arnaldi, Valeria Porrà, and others. Nowadays deejays are: Paolo Remondini, Alberto Capozzella, Luisella Berrino, Maurizio Di Maggio, Massimo Valli, Max Venegoni, Patrizia Farchetto, Marco Porticelli, "Jackie", Nick "The Nightfly", David Dunn, Kay Rush, "Katamashi", Stefano Bragatto, Monica Sala, Clive Malcolm Griffiths, Mauro Pellegrino and Erina Martelli.
 * Monte Carlo 2 (MC2) is the second Italian-speaking station, formerly associated with RMC Radio Monte Carlo Network broadcasting in Italy and Monaco.
 * Radio Monte Carlo (Switzerland) was a German-speaking station broadcasting from Zürich, Switzerland. It ceased in 2014 following bankruptcy of Music First Network AG
 * Radio Monte Carlo (Russia) is broadcasting from Moscow (102.1 fm), Saint Petersburg (105.9 fm), Rostov-on-Don (103.7 fm), Kaliningrad (100.9 fm), Vyborg (99.8 fm), Syzran (92.9 fm), Balakovo (96.6 fm) and Nakhodka (106.7 fm). This is the Russian-speaking radio station which broadcasts modern, new age, and semi classic music along with news and other broadcasts. At 2008-2010 was broadcasting contemporary lounge and house music and remixes. It is owned by the state company «Russkaia Mediagroupa», the same company behind the Russkoye Radio network.
 * Radio Monte Carlo International was an English language station on 205 metres on the mediumwave. Launched on December 1, 1970 with British DJs Tommy Vance and Dave Cash with contemporary pop music and considered at the time as a rival of Radio Luxembourg's English programming.
 * Radio Monte Carlo Doualiya is an Arabic-speaking station, broadcasting throughout the Middle East and North Africa.
 * Radio Monte Carlo (Uruguay) - Montevideo, Uruguay is a Spanish-speaking station broadcast on 930AM.
 * Radio Monte Carlo (Georgia)

Perception
Radio Monte Carlo is considered one of the most popular networks especially in non-European Italian and French-speaking regions for its assumed neutrality. During the Iraq War, it was mentioned by some journalists as a reliable source. Radio Monte Carlo was founded by the Nazis in March 1942, ceased transmission in June 1944 and was back on the air with American help as a joint venture with the Principality of Monaco in August 1944. In 1998, the French government sold its share to a private holding group made up of Sud Radio and la Depeche du Midi.

Broadcasts in other languages
Radio Monte Carlo's transmission network includes some high power Longwave and Mediumwave transmitters located at Roumoules in France. For many years the MW unit has been hired out at nighttime to the Middle East Reformed Fellowship through Trans World Radio, with programming in various languages including Arabic and English. In 1970, RMC's transmitters were also used by the short lived British commercial album station Radio Geronimo.

The World Tomorrow broadcast
During the late 1950s The World Tomorrow radio broadcast of Herbert W. Armstrong was carried by Radio Monte Carlo in the English, Spanish and Russian languages. Armstrong claimed that while the Voice of America was jammed by the Soviet Union, his Russian-language broadcast was heard loud and clear in Moscow. The Medium wave transmitter of RMC carries mostly Trans World Radio programming during evening hours.

Transmitters

 * Transmitter Roumoules
 * Col de La Madonne
 * Fontbonne

title: Radio Monte Carlo


text:
Wendy Barrie

Wendy Barrie (born Marguerite Wendy Jenkins; 18 April 1912 – 2 February 1978) was a British-American film and television actress.

Early life
Although sometimes stated to have been born in London, other sources, including Barrie herself, state that she was born in British Hong Kong, to English parents. Her father, Francis Charles John Graigoe Jenkin KC, was an employee of the Great Western Railway (according to the 1901 census), who then joined the Royal Fusiliers in 1902. Her mother was Ellen McDonagh. Hollywood gave her a more exotic parentage with her father being a King's Counsel. She received her education at a convent school in England and a finishing school in Switzerland.

Film
In 1932, Barrie made her screen debut in the film Threads, which was based upon a play. She went on to make a number of motion pictures for London Films under the Korda brothers, Alexander and Zoltan, the best known of which is 1933's The Private Life of Henry VIII, in which she portrayed Jane Seymour.

In 1934, she appeared in Freedom of the Seas and was contracted by Fox Film Corporation for a film directed by Scott Darling that was made in Britain. The following year, she moved to the United States and made her first Hollywood film for Fox opposite Spencer Tracy in the romantic comedy It's a Small World, followed by Under Your Spell with Lawrence Tibbett. Loaned to MGM, Barrie starred opposite James Stewart in the 1936 film Speed. In 1939 she starred with Richard Greene and Basil Rathbone in the 20th Century Fox version of The Hound of the Baskervilles, and with Lucille Ball in RKO's Five Came Back. During 1939 and the early 1940s, Barrie made several of The Saint and The Falcon mystery films with George Sanders. She made her final motion picture in 1954.

Radio
Barrie was a member of the cast of The Jack Haley Show on NBC (1937-1938) and CBS (1938-1939). She was an assistant on the Star for a Night program on the Blue Network (1943-1944), and she was one of the quizmasters on Detect and Collect on CBS (1945) and ABC (1945-1946). In 1956, she had a disc jockey program, the Wendy Barrie Show, on WMGM in New York City. She also hosted a widely syndicated radio interview show into the mid-1960s.

Television
With the dawn of television, in the late 1940s, Barrie turned to roles in that medium. From November 17, 1948, to February 9, 1949, Barrie hosted Picture This on NBC. During 1948 and 1949, she hosted a DuMont Television Network comedy for children featuring a cowboy puppet called The Adventures of Oky Doky.

However, she is best remembered by U.S. audiences as host of one of the first television talk shows. The Wendy Barrie Show debuted in November 1948 on ABC, then ran on DuMont and NBC, ending its run in September 1950. (Another source says the program debuted on DuMont March 14, 1949. Yet another source says that it debuted November 10, 1948, on NBC.) That program was replaced by Through Wendy's Window in August 1950. The 15-minute NBC program had Barrie interviewing celebrities and talking about fashions.

Barrie was hostess of the short-lived Stars in Khaki and Blue, a "prime-time talent show for members of the Armed Forces," which debuted on NBC September 13, 1952, and ended September 27, 1952. She continued to appear on network television on panel shows and as a guest star in the early 1950s, and also as a spokesperson for commercial products, including a stint as the original Revlon saleswoman on The $64,000 Question during its first months on air. Her pitching of Living Lipstick saw that product being sold out across the country. Barrie continued on local TV in New York City.

In 1953, three television stations owned by Taft Broadcasting Company and Cox Communications formed the short-lived "Tri-State Network" to compete with entertainment programming produced by Crosley Broadcasting Corporation on Crosley television stations in the Cincinnati, Columbus and Dayton, Ohio broadcast markets. On January 11, 1954, a new The Wendy Barrie Show premiered from the studios of WHIO-TV in Dayton, simulcast on Taft Broadcasting's WKRC-TV in Cincinnati and WTVN-TV (now WSYX) in Columbus. Wendy Barrie's contract was terminated in October 1954.

Recognition
After appearances in more than 15 films in Britain and more than 30 in Hollywood, Barrie's contribution to the industry was recognized with a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1708 Vine Street, near the corner of Hollywood and Vine. Her star was dedicated February 8, 1960.

Personal life and death
Barrie became a naturalized American citizen in 1942. She was reportedly engaged to and had a daughter named Carolyn with the infamous gangster Benjamin "Bugsy" Siegel, and at one time was married to textile manufacturer David L. Meyer.

She died in Englewood, New Jersey, in 1978, aged 65, following a stroke that had left her debilitated for several years. She was buried in the Kensico Cemetery in Valhalla, New York.

Filmography
• Wedding Rehearsal (1932) – Lady Mary Rose Wroxbury

• The Barton Mystery (1932) – Phyllis Grey

• Where Is This Lady? (1932) – Lucie Kleiner

• Threads (1932) – Olive Wynn

• The Callbox Mystery (1932) – Iris Banner

• Collision (1932) – Joyce

• Cash (1933) – Lilian Gilbert

• It's a Boy (1933) – Mary Bogle

• The Private Life of Henry VIII (1933) – Jane Seymour

• The House of Trent (1933) – Angela Fairdown

• This Acting Business (1933) – Joyce

• If I Were Rich (1934) - Lillian Gilbert

• Murder at the Inn (1934) – Angela

• The Man I Want (1934) – Marion Round

• Without You (1934) – Molly Bannister

• Freedom of the Seas (1934) – Phyllis Harcourt

• Give Her a Ring (1934) – Karen Svenson

• There Goes Susie (1934) – Madeleine Sarteaux

• It's a Small World (1935) – Jane Dale

• College Scandal (1935) – Julie Fresnel

• The Big Broadcast of 1936 (1935) – Sue

• A Feather in Her Hat (1935) – Pauline Anders

• Millions in the Air (1935) – Marion Keller

• Love on a Bet (1936) – Paula Gilbert

• Speed (1936) – Jane Mitchell

• Ticket to Paradise (1936) – Jane Forbes

• Under Your Spell (1936) – Cynthia Drexel

• Breezing Home (1937) – Gloria Lee

• Wings over Honolulu (1937) – Lauralee Curtis

• What Price Vengeance? (1937) – Polly Moore

• Dead End (1937) – Kay

• A Girl with Ideas (1937) – Mary Morton

• Prescription for Romance (1937) – Valerie Wilson

• I Am the Law (1938) – Frances 'Frankie' Ballou

• Newsboys' Home (1938) – Gwen Dutton

• Pacific Liner (1939) – Ann Grayson

• The Saint Strikes Back (1939) – Val Travers

• The Hound of the Baskervilles (1939) – Beryl Stapleton

• Five Came Back (1939) – Alice Melhorne

• The Witness Vanishes (1939) – Joan Marplay

• Day-Time Wife (1939) – Kitty

• The Saint Takes Over (1940) – Ruth Summers

• Women in War (1940) – Pamela Starr

• Cross-Country Romance (1940) – Diane North, aka Maggie "Jonesy" Jones

• Men Against the Sky (1940) – Kay Mercedes, aka Kay Green

• Who Killed Aunt Maggie? (1940) – Sally Ambler

• The Saint in Palm Springs (1941) – Elna Johnson

• Repent at Leisure (1941) – Emily Baldwin

• The Gay Falcon (1941) – Helen Reed

• Public Enemies (1941) – Bonnie Parker

• A Date with the Falcon (1942) – Helen Reed

• Eyes of the Underworld (1942) – Betty Standing

• Forever and a Day (1943) – Edith Trimble-Pomfret

• Submarine Alert (1943) – Ann Patterson

• Follies Girl (1943) – Anne Merriday

• It Should Happen to You (1954) – Guest Panelist #3

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wendy Barrie


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Return Fire

Return Fire is a 1995 video game developed by Silent Software, Inc. for the 3DO Interactive Multiplayer and ported to the PC and PlayStation in 1996. It is a sequel to Fire Power (1987) and was followed by Return Fire 2 (1998). An expansion pack, Return Fire: Maps O' Death, was released for the 3DO in 1995. Return Fire is a vehicular shooter from a 3D bird's eye view, in which the player's goal is to capture the enemy flag and return with it to their base. It was met with critical acclaim for its unusual gameplay concept, enjoyable multiplayer mode, and classical soundtrack, and is remembered as one of the 3DO's "best games" in its Home of the Underdogs entry.

Gameplay
Return Fire has four specialized vehicles, each one with unique abilities. Each vehicle can carry a limited amount of fuel and ammo (which can be refilled at ammo tents and fuel depots) and can withstand different amounts of damage. If a land vehicle runs out of fuel it stops and the driver jumps out and runs away.

The helicopter is rather fragile and cannot resupply itself with fuel and ammunition unless it returns to base, but can strafe at an angle and destroy mines and bridges. The tank (M60) has a 360° rotating turret. The Armoured Support Vehicle (ASV — M270 MLRS) is the most durable vehicle, but the slowest moving. It has the ability to lay mines which can instantly destroy any land vehicle. The jeep (M151 MUTT or HMMWV on PlayStation) is the fastest land vehicle and solely possesses the strategic ability to pick, move, and drop flags. Jeeps have the ability to over-inflate their tires and travel across deep water. They are the weakest vehicles, requiring only one hit to destroy.

Only rotating missile turrets and drones are a regular threat to the player in the single player mode. If the player exceeds the boundaries of the map, a submarine emerges and fires a heat-seeking missile against the player.

Audio
The game soundtrack consists exclusively of public domain music such as Richard Wagner's Ride of the Valkyries when using the helicopter (in homage to Apocalypse Now), Flight of the Bumblebee when driving the jeep, Holst's Mars from The Planets when driving the tank or the William Tell Overture by Gioacchino Rossini when riding with the flag. When driving in the Armored Support Vehicle, Edvard Grieg's In the Hall of the Mountain King plays. During the opening title screen Verdi's "Dies Irae" plays as the "Return Fire" logo appears, engulfed in flame. At the completion of each level, a sequence of unrelated vintage black and white short clips greets the player.

Video sequences
When a level is completed in the 3DO, PC or PlayStation version a short video clip is shown. One of these is a clip featuring Lou Gehrig's famous Luckiest Man on the Face of the Earth speech.

Release
A version for the Sega Saturn was developed and completed but never released, though a complete build of the port was leaked online in 2007. Reviews for the Saturn version were published shortly before its targeted release date of May 1997; most reviewers described it as an unacceptably poor conversion of an outstanding game, suffering from a much lower frame rate than the 3DO and PlayStation versions. Another version of the game was also in development by Alexandria Inc. for the Atari Jaguar CD, but development on the port was terminated sometime in 1995 and it was never released for unknown reasons.

The PlayStation release of Return Fire was the final game release by Time Warner Interactive before it was absorbed into Williams Entertainment (later became Midway Home Entertainment) by its new owners WMS Industries.

Reception
GamePro gave the 3DO version a positive review, describing it as "a combination of the best parts of playing Capture the flag, Desert Strike, and Micro Machines." The reviewer complimented the easy-to-master controls, the graphics, and the strong sense of humor. The review team of Electronic Gaming Monthly gave it their "Game of the Month" award, applauding the two-player mode, classical soundtrack, graphics, and general fun of the game. Ed Semrad summarized that "In an industry flooded with sports and fighting carts, this comes as a breath of fresh air." A reviewer for Next Generation also praised the classical soundtrack and the two-player mode, though he added that with its huge number of levels, the game is great fun to play even in single-player mode. He further stated that the graphics and sound effects make causing destruction in the game more fun.

A different reviewer for GamePro covered the PlayStation version, calling it "a brilliantly conceived thrill-a-minute war sim" and "an unprecedented blend of action and strategy". He cited the easy-to-learn controls and game mechanics, frenzied and enduring multiplayer action, and high level of visual detail. He made special note of the game's classical soundtrack, saying that "Never before has sound been so instrumental to a game's success". Next Generation described it as a near-identical conversion of the 3DO game, and offered it similar praises.

The Return Fire: Maps O' Death expansion pack was also well received. Maximum gave it 4 out of 5 stars, saying that for an exceptionally low price tag, the player is treated to "horribly difficult theatres of war with less vehicles available and some decidedly odd scenery (such as the chessboard and SOS levels), all of which makes the Return Fire sequel an excellent 3DO addition." GamePro stated that it "breathes new life into the year-old game, offering more than 100 fresh levels filled with the carnage and insanity Fire fans love."

Accolades
In 1997 Electronic Gaming Monthly ranked the 3DO version number 63 on their "100 Best Games of All Time", citing its high replayability and the way it "capture[s] the frenetic feeling of combat" to an extent that few games do. They said they chose the 3DO version specifically because the gameplay was tighter than that of the PlayStation version and unreleased Saturn version.

The game was awarded the 3DO Two-Player Game of the Year. In 1996, GamesMaster rated the 3DO version number 1 on their "The GamesMaster 3DO Top 10." In the same issue, they also ranked the 3DO version 51st in their "Top 100 Games of All Time."

Legacy
Return Fire Is featured in the opening scene of Pauly Shore's In the Army Now.

title: Return Fire


text:
Zhang Jianzhi

Zhang Jianzhi (張柬之) (625 –706), courtesy name Mengjiang (孟將), formally Prince Wenzhen of Hanyang (漢陽文貞王), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty and Wu Zetian's Zhou dynasty, serving as chancellor during the reigns of Wu Zetian and her son Emperor Zhongzong. He was a key figure in the coup that overthrew Wu Zetian and restored Emperor Zhongzong in 705 but was later exiled due to false accusations instigated by Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Sansi and died in exile.

Background
Zhang Jianzhi was born in 625, during the reign of Emperor Gaozu. His family was from Xiang Prefecture (襄州, roughly modern Xiangfan, Hubei). In his youth, he was a student at the imperial university, and he was said to have a broad study in the Confucian classics and history, but particularly favored studying the Three Rites (i.e., the Classic of Rites, the Rites of Zhou, and the Yili "Etiquette and Rites"). He was respected by the principal of the imperial university Linghu Defen. After he passed the imperial examinations, he was made the magistrate of Qingcheng County (青城, in modern Chengdu, Sichuan). However, little further is known about his career until 689, other than that in or before 676, he was serving as the cashier for Li Sujie the Prince of Xun, a son of Emperor Gaozong (Emperor Taizong's son) and Emperor Gaozong's concubine Consort Xiao, who was killed in 655 due to machinations by Emperor Gaozong's second wife Empress Wu (later known as Wu Zetian). Li Sujie, denied the privilege of seeing his father after his mother's death, had written an essay entitled Commentary on Faithfulness and Filial Piety (忠孝論), and Zhang secretly submitted the essay to Emperor Gaozong. After Empress Wu read it, it drew her ire, and she falsely accused Li Sujie of corruption and had him demoted and put under house arrest.

In 689, by which time Empress Wu was serving as empress dowager and regent over her son Emperor Ruizong, she held a competition for scholars willing to offer suggestions for the imperial administration. Zhang participated in the competition and was ranked first among the thousands of contestants. She promoted him to be an imperial censor.

During Wu Zetian's reign
Early in Wu Zetian's Shengli era (697–700) (when she was ruling as Empress Regnant of a new Zhou dynasty, interrupting the Tang dynasty), Zhang Jianzhi was promoted to be Fengge Sheren (鳳閣舍人), a mid-level official at the legislative bureau of government (鳳閣, Fengge). Around that time, he had a debate with the imperial scholar Wang Yuangan (王元感) over whether the traditional three-year mourning period for a parent's death should be three full years (as Wang advocated) or 25 months—i.e., two full calendar years, extending into the first month of the next year (as Zhang advocated). The people at the time were said to be largely approving Zhang's interpretation.

In 698, Wu Zetian was set to enter into a marriage treaty with Ashina Mochuo, the khan of Eastern Tujue, where her grandnephew Wu Yanxiu (武延秀) the Prince of Huaiyang would marry a daughter of Ashina Mochuo. Zhang opposed, stating, "In ancient times, no Chinese imperial prince had ever married a barbarian woman as his wife." This opposition drew displeasure from Wu Zetian, as she wanted peace with Eastern Tujue, and she demoted Zhang to be the prefect of He Prefecture (合州, modern northern Chongqing). (However, the marriage treaty would be doomed, as Ashina Mochuo, not actually having any intent to give a daughter to Wu Yanxiu or to make peace with Wu Zetian, used the excuse that he had intended to marry his daughter to a prince of the Tang imperial Li clan to instead detain Wu Yanxiu and launch a major attack on Zhou.) Later that year, Zhang was serving as the prefect of Shu Prefecture (蜀州, in modern Chengdu), when he made the suggestion that Shu Prefecture, which was required to send 500 conscript soldiers to take up garrison at Yao Prefecture (姚州, roughly modern Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan), no longer be required to do so, as the road was treacherous and the conditions were so severe that many would die—and further that no garrison be put up at Yao Prefecture at all, treating it as vassal territory rather than part of Zhou proper. Wu Zetian did not accept his suggestion.

At some time prior to 700, Zhang was serving as the secretary general of Jing Prefecture (荊州, roughly modern Jingzhou, Hubei), when, on one occasion, Wu Zetian was having a conversation with the senior chancellor Di Renjie, asking Di's recommendation for someone with extraordinary talent, to serve as chancellor or general. Di responded, "As far as literary talent is concerned, Your Imperial Majesty already have them in Su Weidao and Li Jiao [Di's fellow chancellors], but if you truly want extraordinary talent, I know Zhang Jianzhi, the secretary general of Jing Prefecture. Even though he is old, he is capable of being chancellor." In response, Wu Zetian promoted Zhang to be the military advisor to the prefect of the capital prefecture Luo Prefecture (洛州, roughly modern Luoyang, Henan), sending Yang Yuanyan (楊元琰) to replace him. (When Yang reached Jing Prefecture, Zhang and Yang rowed a boat on the Yangtze River together, and they secretly discussed Wu Zetian's overthrow of the Tang dynasty. During the conversation, Yang expressed sentiment that he wanted to see Tang's restoration—a sentiment that Zhang kept in his mind for later.)  A few days after Zhang's promotion, Wu Zetian was again asking Di for a recommendation, and Di responded, "I had just recommended Zhang Jianzhi, and Your Imperial Majesty has not yet promoted him." She responded, "I already did." Di responded, "I recommended a chancellor, not a military advisor." Wu Zetian then, while not promoting Zhang to be chancellor at that time, promoted him to be the deputy minister of justice (秋官侍郎, Qiuguan Shilang).

In 704, as the chancellor Yao Yuanzhi was set to briefly leave Luoyang to serve as the commander of the forces in the Lingwu region, Wu Zetian also asked him to recommend a talented official. Yao responded, "Zhang Jianzhi is deep-thinking and capable of ruling on great things. He is already old.  Please promote him quickly." Wu Zetian therefore gave Zhang the designation Tong Fengge Luantai Pingzhangshi (同鳳閣鸞臺平章事), making him a chancellor de facto at the age of 79.

In spring 705, with Wu Zetian being ill, Zhang entered into a plot with a number of officials and generals, including Cui Xuanwei, Huan Yanfan, Jing Hui, and Yuan Shuji, to kill Wu Zetian's lovers Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong, who had become powerful much to the distaste of the chancellors. Zhang reminded Yang of his prior desire to restore Tang, and put him, Huan, Jing, and a general who agreed to the plot, Li Dan (李湛), in charge of some of the corps of the imperial guards. He further persuaded the ethnically Mohe general Li Duozuo to join the plot as well, persuading Li Duozuo, who felt indebted to Emperor Gaozong for having promoted him, that Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong were endangering the positions of Emperor Gaozong's sons with Wu Zetian, Li Xian the Crown Prince and Li Dan the Prince of Xiang (note different character than the general). He also received agreement from Yao. With agreement from Li Xian as well, the coup leaders acted on February 20, killing Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong, and then surrounding Wu Zetian. She, in fear, asked, "Who is disturbing me?" Zhang Jianzhi responded, in a formalistic manner:

"Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong committed treason. Following the orders of the Crown Prince, we have executed them. Because we were afraid that the secret would be leaked, we did not dare to first report to Your Imperial Majesty.  We are guilty of the great disrespect of moving troops within the palace, and should be executed 10,000 times."

Wu Zetian subsequently tried to have Li Xian returned to the palace of the Crown Prince, but the coup leaders ignored her. While the coup leaders allowed Wu Zetian to retain the title of "emperor," they had her put under house arrest at the secondary palace Shangyang Palace (上陽宮) and forced her to yield the throne to Li Xian, who was formerly emperor, and he was restored to the throne (as Emperor Zhongzong).

During Emperor Zhongzong's second reign
Zhang Jianzhi, along with Cui Xuanwei, Huan Yanfan, Jing Hui, and Yuan Shuji, were recognized as leaders in Emperor Zhongzong's restoration, and they were put into key positions and created dukes, with Zhang becoming the minister of defense (夏官尚書, Xiaguan Shangshu) and remaining chancellor with the Tong Fengge Luantai Pingzhangshi designation and carrying the title of Duke of Hanyang. He and the other coup leaders instituted a regime of restoring Tang institutions and deprecating Zhou ones, and when Yao Yuanzhi displayed distress at Wu Zetian's removal to Shangyang Palace, Zhang and Huan had him demoted out of the capital. Soon, however, Emperor Zhongzong became full heavily influenced by his wife Empress Wei and her lover Wu Sansi the Prince of Liang (Wu Zetian's nephew and Emperor Zhongzong's cousin). (One of the coup participants, Xue Jichang (薛季昶), had advocated to Zhang Jianzhi and Jing the killing of Wu Sansi in the aftermaths of the killing of Zhang Yizhi and Zhang Changzong, but neither Zhang Jianzhi nor Jing paid Xue's suggestion much heed until it was too late.) After realizing that Wu Sansi's power was on the rise, Zhang Jianzhi tried to persuade Emperor Zhongzong to reduce the power of the Wu clan on the whole but was unable to get Emperor Zhongzong to listen. Meanwhile, Zhang Jianzhi was made Zhongshu Ling (中書令), the head of the legislative bureau (now returned to the prior name of Zhongshu Sheng (中書省)).

In summer 705, Under the full influence of his wife Empress Wei, by which time Emperor Zhongzong's trust in Zhang and his colleagues had completely been lost, Emperor Zhongzong, following Wu Sansi's recommendation, created the five coup leader's princes—in Zhang's case, Prince of Hanyang—but stripped them of chancellor positions. Zhang soon requested to retire back to his home prefecture Xiang Prefecture, and Emperor Zhongzong agreed, making him the prefect of Xiang Prefecture, but not putting him in actual responsibility of the prefecture. His son Zhang Yi (張漪) was made a low-level imperial official but ordered to follow his father to Xiang Prefecture.

In spring 706, with all five of the coup leaders already out of the capital, Wu Sansi and Empress Wei made accusations against them, and they were demoted to more remote prefectures (although Zhang was not moved). Wu Sansi then had his strategist Zheng Yin further accuse the five of them of having participated in the plot of Emperor Zhongzong's son-in-law Wang Tongjiao (王同皎) -- who was executed early in 706 after having been accused of plotting to kill Wu Sansi and deposing Empress Wei. The five were further demoted with the provisions that they would never be allowed to return to the capital Chang'an, with Zhang becoming the military advisor to the prefect of Xin Prefecture (新州, roughly modern Yunfu, Guangdong). Wu Sansi then had accusations that Empress Wei was having affairs posted publicly in Luoyang (now eastern capital, with the capital moved back to Chang'an), with the intent of incensing Emperor Zhongzong—and then accused the five coup leaders of being behind this public humiliation. He then had his associates propose that the five be killed. Emperor Zhongzong, citing that the five had been previously awarded iron certificates that guaranteed that they would not be executed in recognition of their contribution, ordered that they be reduced to commoner rank and permanently exiled to the Lingnan region with their families—in Zhang's case, to Long Prefecture (瀧州, in modern Ganzhou, Jiangxi). At the suggestion of Cui Shi, Wu Sansi then sent the censor Zhou Lizhen (周利貞) to the Lingnan region under guise of reviewing the affairs of the region but with instructions to kill the five. By the time that Zhou reached the region, though, Zhang had already died. After Emperor Zhongzong's death in 710 and Li Dan, himself a former emperor, was restored (as Emperor Ruizong), Zhang and his colleagues were posthumously honored.

Notes and references

 * Old Book of Tang, vol. 91.
 * New Book of Tang, vol. 120.
 * Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 202, 206, 207, 208.

title: Zhang Jianzhi


text:
User talk:Rossburnett

Henry VIII and and Leviticus
In your EB correction on Henry VIII and Leviticus, does POV mean "Point of View?"

Would it be more clear to say: "The inclusion or exclusion of a brother's widow in any interpretation depends on your point of view," or am I changing your meaning?

 * Hello, I think you have hit on the confusion that can be created by using jargon, in the case above Wikipedia jargon (and I will therefore correct it). "POV" is within Wikipedia discussion to label an entry that expresses a point of view rather as a fact and is therefore not appropriate in an encyclopedia.

Dainamo 14:16, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rossburnett


text:
Talk:Poetic Ammo

I have corrected all of it, but I may have destroyed some of the context doing so. - x42bn6  Talk  14:16, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

sorry. i deleted many things. but i think they're really irrelevent to PMO and not consistent with w/pedia. still some stuff i did not delete which are not relevant. might delete next time.-- kawaputra 07:59, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Poeticammo.jpg
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title: Talk:Poetic Ammo


text:
Gas attacks at Hulluch

The Gas Attacks at Hulluch were two German cloud gas attacks on British troops during World War I, from 27 to 29 April 1916, near the village of Hulluch, 1 mi north of Loos in northern France. The gas attacks were part of an engagement between divisions of the II Royal Bavarian Corps and divisions of the British I Corps.

Just before dawn on 27 April, the 16th (Irish) Division and part of the 15th (Scottish) Division were subjected to a cloud gas attack near Hulluch. The gas cloud and artillery bombardment were followed by raiding parties, which made temporary lodgements in the British lines. Two days later the Germans began another gas attack but the wind turned and blew the gas back over the German lines. A large number of German casualties were caused by the change in the wind direction and the decision to go ahead despite protests by local officers. German casualties were increased by the British, who fired on German soldiers as they fled in the open.

The gas used by the German troops at Hulluch was a mixture of chlorine and phosgene, which had first been used on 19 December 1915 at Wieltje, near Ypres. The German gas was of sufficient concentration to penetrate the British PH gas helmets and the 16th (Irish) Division was unjustly blamed for poor gas discipline. It was put out that the gas helmets of the division were of inferior manufacture, to allay doubts as to the effectiveness of the helmet. Production of the Small Box Respirator, which had worked well during the attack, was accelerated.

1915
By the end of the Battle of Loos in 1915, the British armies in France held ground which was usually inferior to the German positions opposite, which were on higher ground, which was drier and had good observation over the British lines and rear areas. In early 1916 the British took over more of the Western Front, to allow the French Tenth Army to move south to Verdun, ground which was just as tactically disadvantageous. Only around Armentières were the German defences on lower ground. The possibility of a withdrawal to more easily defensible ground was rejected by Joffre, the French Generalissimo and all the Allied commanders preferred to improve their positions by advancing. With this in mind, the French and British made far less effort to improve their defences, which conceded another advantage to the Germans, who could attack positions protected by far less extensive barbed wire barriers and few deep-mined dugouts than their own. Allowing such positions to relapse into quiet fronts was rejected by the British, who instituted sniping, unpredictable artillery bombardments and raids, which provoked German retaliation; the British conducted three attacks against five by the Germans and numerous raids.

1916
In early 1916, the Germans had more and better equipment for trench warfare, with good quality hand grenades, rifle grenades and trench mortars; the Germans made more effort to repair and improve defences and with a homogeneous army, found it easier to move artillery, ammunition and men along the front. A substantial cadre of the pre-war trained officers and conscripts remained, to lead the wartime recruits. British tunnellers achieved an ascendancy over their German equivalents but in ground operations, the number of operational machine-guns and the volume and accuracy of artillery-fire had more effect than individual skill and bravery; the quantity of heavy guns often determined the course of engagements. The success of a local attack left the victors vulnerable to a counter-attack and captured positions were often more costly to hold than the previous positions.

German preparations and plan
The German began preparing for the attack during April, placing about 7,400 gas cylinders along a 3 km front from Cité St Elie to Loos, where no man's land had been only 120 – apart since the Battle of Loos (25 September – 14 October 1915). German artillery began a systematic bombardment of British observation posts, supply points and communication trenches, supplemented by trench mortar and rifle grenade fire. Shelling diminished from 24 to 25 April and on 26 April, the positions of the 16th (Irish) Division were bombarded and the 12th (Eastern) Division front was raided. The next day was fine and warm, with a wind blowing towards the British lines. The 4th Bavarian Division was to follow up a gas attack on 27 April with patrols against the British positions. Two days later, despite less favourable winds, a second gas discharge was ordered against the wishes of the local commanders, who were over-ruled.

British preparations
A German soldier deserted on the night of 23/24 April and warned the British that an attack on the Hulluch front, probably with gas, was imminent, which confirmed indications already noticed by the British. Rats had been seen moving away from the German trenches and was inferred to be due to leaky gas cylinders. The systematic bombardment of British defensive positions and the testimony of the deserter led Lieutenant-General Charles Kavanagh, the commander of I Corps, to issue a warning to the 1st Division which held the line from Lens to Loos, the 16th (Irish) Division in the centre from Puits 14 bis to Hulluch and the 12th (Eastern) Division to the north, opposite The Quarries and the Hohenzollern Redoubt. The 15th (Scottish) Division relief of the 12th (Eastern) Division from 24 to 30 April was allowed to proceed. Four reserve artillery batteries were moved into the 15th (Scottish) Division area and all units were required to rehearse gas alerts daily. The British were equipped with PH helmets, which protected against phosgene up to a concentration of 1,000 p.p.m.

27 April
The German attack near Hulluch began with the release of smoke, followed by a mixture of chlorine and phosgene gas 1½ hours later, from 3,800 cylinders, on the fronts of Bavarian Infantry Regiment 5 (BIR 5) and Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment 5 (BRIR 5). The discharge on the front of Bavarian Infantry Regiment 9 (BIR 9) was cancelled, as the direction of the wind risked enveloping the 3rd Bavarian Division on the right flank, in the Hohenzollern Redoubt sector. At 5:00 a.m., German artillery began a high-explosive, shrapnel and trench-mortar bombardment, on the front of the 16th (Irish) Division and the right flank of the 15th (Scottish) Division to the north, laid a barrage on communication trenches and fired lachrymatory shells into villages and British rear positions. At 5:10 a.m., gas and smoke clouds rose from the German trenches and moved towards the British trenches, blown by a south-easterly wind. The gas cloud was so thick at the beginning, that visibility was reduced to 2 –; wearing gas helmets was necessary 3.5 mi behind the front line and the smell was noticed 15 mi away.

Three German mines were exploded at 5:55 a.m., another artillery bombardment was fired and a second gas cloud was discharged. Several raiding parties of about 20 men each, followed the gas and three managed to get into the British trenches. One party entered the British front line at Chalk Pit Wood for about fifteen minutes; the second was quickly expelled from the lines north of Posen Alley and caught by Lewis-gun fire in no man's land. The third party got into the trenches on the right flank of the 15th (Scottish) Division, just north of the Vermelles–Hulluch road and was promptly bombed out; by 7:30 a.m. the raiding parties had withdrawn.

At 5:10 a.m. on 27 April, a gas alert was raised in the 16th (Irish) Division area and the divisional and corps artillery began a bombardment on the rear of the German lines, from whence the gas was being discharged. After thirty minutes, groups of German infantry about 20–30 strong, equipped with pistols and hand grenades, were seen heading for gaps in the British wire and were repulsed by rifle and machine-gun fire. At about 6:00 a.m., the three mines were sprung and another bombardment was fired, before sending another gas cloud, which caused many casualties to a Black Watch company, whose commander had ordered them to remove their gas helmets after the first gas cloud, under the impression that the helmets were useless after one exposure to gas. Behind the second gas cloud, larger parties of German infantry advanced and managed to get into the British trenches for brief periods at three points. At Chalk Pit Wood the British had a howitzer, which had been brought up in September 1915, to fire in support of an attack on Hulluch. Since the Lone How was only 40 yd behind the British front line, orders had been given to destroy it, in the event of a German raid and a demolition charge had been left on the gun with a lit fuze.

29 April
On 29 April, the German infantry sent up a green then a red flare and at 3:45 a.m., German artillery began to bombard the reserve and communication trenches of the 16th (Irish) Division. A gas cloud was released, followed by white smoke from Chalk Pit Wood to Hulluch, after BIR 9 had been ordered to discharge the gas by higher authority, despite unfavourable winds. German raiding parties advanced, as the gas moved very slowly and then veered about, as it reached the British third line; the German raiders were then engaged by British infantry with small-arms fire. The gas suddenly blew back towards the German lines and in the area of BIR 9 and BIR 5 the troops of Pioneer Regiment 36 (PR 36) were not able to stop the discharge straight away. Many German troops were caught without gas masks on and had about 1,500 gas casualties. On the right flank, the 3rd Bavarian Division recorded 34 more casualties. The German bombardment abruptly ended, as the gas dispersed southwards.

The 48th Brigade recaptured the wood and a few hours later the Lone How was discovered intact, the fuze having gone out. The howitzer was so well camouflaged, that the German raiders had not noticed it. British artillery-fire was believed to have destroyed some German gas cylinders, when German troops were seen to climb out of their front trenches and run to the rear, amid British small-arms fire. Eighty dead German soldiers were counted later, in and around the British front trenches. By 7:30 a.m., the German raid was over and during the night, two British battalions were relieved; the rest of 28 April was quiet, except for a raid by the 1st Division, at the Double Crassier near Loos. At 3:45 a.m., a German artillery bombardment and gas discharge began on the 16th (Irish) Division front but the expected attack did not occur. German troops were seen massing in the trenches near Hulluch at 4:10 a.m. and small numbers advanced towards the British trenches, where they were engaged by small-arms fire. The German gas then reversed course and German infantry on a 0.5 mi front ran to the rear through the gas and British artillery-fire, leaving about 120 dead on the front of the 16th (Irish) Division.

Analysis
The 16th (Irish) Division had a considerable number of gas casualties during the German attacks; the greatest number of deaths occurred, at the points on the British front where the gas was most concentrated. Anti-gas blankets fitted on dugout entrances were found to be ineffective but Lewis-guns wrapped in blankets and sprayed with Vermorel during the passage of the gas cloud, were only slightly affected. Some ammunition was made unusable and some rifles jammed, due to chemical deposits forming on the bolts. The troops most affected by the gas could not be relieved immediately but were exempted from carrying duties for the next day and no ill effects were reported. British troops were said to have been greatly encouraged by the German fiasco but uneasy about the protection offered by their PH gas helmets. The troops were deceived, by being told that the helmets issued to the 16th (Irish) Division, had not been properly impregnated with chemical neutralisers and that 16th (Irish) Division gas discipline had been unsatisfactory. New "box respirators", worn by Lewis gunners, were found to have worked well and production was expedited.

Casualties
On 27 April the 16th (Irish) Division had lost 442 men and the 15th (Scottish) Division reported 107 losses. Total British casualties from 27 to 29 April were 1,980, of whom 1,260 were gas casualties, 338 being killed. German casualties in BIR 5, BRIR 5, PR 36 who operated the gas cylinders and other non-infantry troops were not known in 1932, when the British Official History was published. BIR 9 had 419 casualties, 286 from gas, of whom 163 died and there were 34 more gas casualties in the 3rd Bavarian Division, of whom four men died. A contemporary French intelligence summary recorded 1,100 casualties in the 4th Bavarian Division from 27 to 29 April and in October 1918, an officer of the British 15th (Scottish) Division found the graves of 400 German gas casualties at the cemetery at Pont-à-Vendin, from the gas discharges. In 1934, Foulkes wrote that a diary taken from a captured soldier of the 4th Bavarian Division, recorded 1,600 gas casualties in the division and in 2002, Hook and Jones recorded 1,500 casualties from the German gas which blew back on 29 April.

title: Gas attacks at Hulluch


text:
John Adams (geographer)

John Adams (born 1938) of University College London, is an emeritus professor of geography and theorist on risk compensation. His book Risk is an analysis of how humans assess and respond to perceived risks.

Risk compensation
Adams is known for a theory of risk compensation, that states that a 'risk thermostat' guides much human behavior. Humans experiencing a 'safe' lifestyle seek out risky activities; but when doing them, overcompensate before returning to safety. This behaviour operates like a thermostat, regulating human behavior. He argues that because of the thermostat effect, banning risky activity will not work completely, and risk -seeking accompanies many aspects of everyday life. He spoke on this at the Shared Space conference held in Ipswich in June, 2005, where in his talk titled "Risk Compensation versus the obedient automaton theory of human behaviour" he discussed how understanding risk compensation was essential to the understanding of why shared space principles work for the design of public spaces such as road layouts in towns.

Hypermobility
He has also coined the term and written extensively on the phenomenon of hypermobility, particularly the misplaced belief that new road building solves traffic problems, rather than worsening them.

Climate change
Adams has not always voiced mainstream views on climate change. He has been critical of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and has praised "reputable scientists who react sceptically to the “hockey stick” peddled by Sir John Houghton and the IPCC."

Other
Adams was a member of the advisory committee to the Anti-Concorde Project. When working in central London he was a daily cyclist, occasionally writing on cycling issues.

title: John Adams (geographer)


text: User talk:152.130.15.16

title: User talk:152.130.15.16


text:
Navigable aqueduct

Navigable aqueducts (sometimes called navigable water bridges) are bridge structures that carry navigable waterway canals over other rivers, valleys, railways or roads. They are primarily distinguished by their size, carrying a larger cross-section of water than most water-supply aqueducts. Roman aqueducts were used to transport water and were created in Ancient Rome. The 662 m long steel Briare aqueduct carrying the Canal latéral à la Loire over the River Loire was built in 1896. It was ranked as the longest navigable aqueduct in the world for more than a century, until the Magdeburg Water Bridge in Germany took the title in the early 21st century.

Early aqueducts such as the three on the Canal du Midi had stone or brick arches, the longest span being 18.3 m on the Cesse Aqueduct, built in 1690. But, the weight of the construction to support the trough with the clay or other lining to make it waterproof made these structures clumsy. In 1796 Longdon-on-Tern Aqueduct, the first large cast iron aqueduct was built by Thomas Telford at Longdon-on-Tern on the Shrewsbury Canal. It has a total length of 57 m across three intermediate piers. Within ten years Telford had completed the far more ambitious Pontcysyllte Aqueduct in Wales on the Llangollen Canal over the River Dee valley, with a total length 307 metres and a height of 38 metres, making it the tallest navigable aqueduct in the world. Other cast-iron aqueducts followed, such as the single-span Stanley Ferry Aqueduct on the Calder and Hebble Navigation in 1839, with its innovative 50 m through arch design.

There were 32 navigable aqueducts on the Erie Canal, constructed 1817–1825 in New York State, United States.

Notable navigable aqueducts

 * Benjamin Outram's 44 ft single-span Holmes Aqueduct on the Derby Canal in Derby was the world's first navigable cast iron aqueduct, narrowly pre-dating Thomas Telford's 186 ft Longdon-on-Tern Aqueduct on the Shrewsbury Canal, sometimes described as the world's first large-scale navigable cast iron aqueduct. The oldest currently navigable cast-iron aqueduct is Outram's Stakes Aqueduct on the Huddersfield Narrow Canal at Stalybridge, built c1801 to replace an original, stone-built, four arch structure, which had been swept away in the floods of August 1799.
 * Pontcysyllte Aqueduct (307 m) carries the Llangollen Canal over the River Dee valley in north Wales; it was designed by Thomas Telford, opened in 1805 and is the highest navigable aqueduct in the world. The same canal, which includes a tunnelled section, crosses a second valley on the Chirk Aqueduct (1796–1801). This navigable canal also supplies water to the former borough of Crewe and Nantwich.
 * The Union Canal in Scotland has many aqueducts, including the Slateford Aqueduct that takes the canal over the Water of Leith, the Almond Aqueduct over the River Almond at Ratho, and the very impressive Avon Aqueduct over the River Avon. The Avon is the second-longest aqueduct in the United Kingdom (810 ft).
 * The Agen aqueduct (1849) in France is 539 m long and carries the canal de Garonne across the Garonne River.
 * Sir Arthur Cotton planned the aqueduct at P. Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh in India to cater for the needs of farmers in the Konaseema area while he was constructing the Dowleswaram barrage. Originally a non-navigable aqueduct was constructed in 1859 with a length of 700 m. In 2000, a new navigable aqueduct and road bridge was constructed across the River Vynateya (a tributary of the Godavari River) near Gannavaram, to facilitate the crossing of the Gannavaram Canal and also to irrigate a farming land.
 * The Briare aqueduct (1896) near Châtillon-sur-Loire, France, carries the Canal latéral à la Loire in a steel channel over the Loire River. At 662 m, it was the longest canal aqueduct in the world for a century.
 * Following construction of the M6 Toll Motorway the building of the Lichfield Canal Aqueduct ran into construction difficulties. The UK parliament passed legislation preventing a road being built in the path of a canal being renovated without providing a tunnel or aqueduct for canal traffic to pass.

 * Barton Swing Aqueduct is a swing bridge that carries the Bridgewater Canal across the lower Manchester Ship Canal. A 234 ft section of the aqueduct rotates through 90 degrees to allow vessels to pass along the Ship Canal.
 * Veluwemeer Aqueduct is a 25-meter long navigable aqueduct located over Veluwemeer lake in Harderwijk, Netherlands. It was opened in 2002 and bypasses the N302 road.
 * An aqueduct near Roelofarendsveen, Netherlands (1961) (52.21554°N, 4.62652°W) carries the Ringvaart canal over the A4 highway and the HSL-Zuid, which are situated on land below the level of the canal (and below sea level).
 * Gouwe aqueduct, near Gouda in the Netherlands, carries the Gouwe river over the A12 highway, which is on land below the level of the river.
 * The Krabbersgat naviduct, Houtribdijk near Enkhuizen, The Netherlands, is the only aqueduct in the world that also operates as a lock.
 * The Magdeburg Water Bridge in Germany (2003) connects the important Mittellandkanal over the river Elbe to the Elbe-Havel canal. Nearly 1 km long, it is the longest navigable aqueduct in the world.

title: Navigable aqueduct


text: Category:Japanese submarines lost during World War II


text:
Agneta Andersson

Agneta Monica Andersson (25 April 1961 – 8 October 2023) was a Swedish sprint canoer who competed from the early 1980s to the late 1990s. Competing in five Summer Olympics, she won seven medals with three gold (K-1 500 m: 1984, K-2 500 m: 1984, 1996), two silvers (K-4 500 m: 1984, K-2 500 m: 1992), and two bronzes (K-4 500 m: 1992, 1996).

Andersson was awarded the Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal in 1996, jointly with Susanne Gunnarsson. She also won eleven medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-2 500 m: 1993), three silvers (K-1 500 m: 1982, K-2 500 m: 1981, K-4 500 m: 1993), and seven bronzes (K-1 500 m: 1981, 1985, 1987; K-2 500 m: 1982, 1983, 1985, 1991).

Andersson died of cancer on 8 October 2023, at the age of 62.

title: Agneta Andersson


text:
File talk:Sir Henry Neville (c. 1615).jpg

Copyright tag
I would question this being {PD} .. assuming its a genuine old picture it would be {PD-art}, unless the person who took the picture released it into the public domain. But it appears to be a modified picture with Photoshop or somthing, perhaps even a modern original(?). Stbalbach 14:19, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

I have tracked this down as the probable source of the picture, which is clearly 17th century. Does the modifier of an old picture gain copyright of the modified picture? Perhaps we should use the original. Lumos3 15:50, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah a mod would be copyright, unless specifically licensed otherwise. The original with a {pd-art} would be the safest way to go. Stbalbach 17:39, 7 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
List of Filipino writers

This list of Filipino writers is organized by the first letter in the surname.

 * Francisco Arcellana
 * Francisco Balagtas
 * Lualhati Bautista
 * Louis Bulaong
 * Carlos Bulosan
 * Cecilia Manguerra Brainard
 * Ian Casocot
 * Linda Ty Casper
 * Gilbert Luis R. Centina III
 * Jose Jason Chancoco
 * Rin Chupeco
 * Gilda Cordero-Fernando
 * Luis G. Dato
 * Edmundo Farolán
 * Zoilo Galang
 * J. Neil Garcia
 * Guillermo Gómez Rivera
 * N. V. M. Gonzalez
 * Jessica Hagedorn
 * Nick Joaquin
 * F. Sionil José
 * Teresita Manaloto-Magnaye
 * Resil Mojares
 * Virginia R. Moreno
 * Marcelino Navarra
 * Peter Solis Nery
 * José Rizal
 * Alejandro R. Roces
 * Michelle Cruz Skinner
 * Miguel Syjuco
 * Lysley Tenorio
 * Edith L. Tiempo
 * Edilberto K. Tiempo
 * Rowena Tiempo Torrevillas

title: List of Filipino writers


text:
User talk:Sam Spade/ - archive/Oktober 2005

AMA Advocate
I saw your name on the list at AMA Advocates accepting inquiries and would like to have your assistance. I filed Requests for arbitration and I see that today (September 26), Fred Bauder posted that it was Accepted. There is now a link to Requests for arbitration/Onefortyone/Evidence. I have no experience in this area and would greatly appreciate having some assistance with the process. If you would be good enough to take a look at this and let me know if you can guide me through this process, that would be appreciated. Thank you. - Ted Wilkes 16:34, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, theres not much to be done. One of the arbitrators has already asked for your evidence to be concise. You simply need to follow the formula @ Requests for arbitration/Onefortyone/Evidence, providing them w links to particular misdeeds by your opponent, w as little discussion and trivial incidents as possible. Frankly I'm suprised they took the case, and my short investigations havn't turned up much, but see what you can find. Let me know if your having any trouble, I'll try to keep an eye on that page. Sam Spade 16:53, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Civility or lack thereof
I read what you said on Dunc's talk page. If you will refer to his backlog of discussion archives, you will see that he has crossed the line of civility on more than one occassion recently; do you have any suggestion as to how this should be addressed? He is blatantly ignoring polite requests to extend respect and courtesy to fellow Wikipedians. Bahn Mi 20:54, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Your next step in the Dispute Resolution process is a RfC. I am a Members advocate, and would be willing to help you w that process if need be. Have a look at the above pages, and let me know if you need help or explanations. Cheers, Sam Spade 20:57, 26 September 2005 (UTC)

Take a look
Sam, please take a look on the expanded articles Swamithoppepathi and Ayyavazhi.-  Vaikunda   &   Raja

Mediation Filed
Hello, I saw your mediation filed at RFM. I have been cleaning it out and I'm wondering if mediation is still desired. I can assign a mediator or allow Grace Note to, whichever is preferred. R  e   dwolf24  (talk) 01:03, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Er, I guess Ed Poor has been mediating. Nevermind then. R   e   dwolf24  (talk) 01:07, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

?!?What?!? What mediation are you talking about? I assume you mean this mediation, which Ed Poor attempted to make a mess of (as usual) until both I and EB rejected him, asking him to have no involvement whatsoever. EB also rejected User:Grace note due to past troubles w him under the name of User:Dr.Zen. We currently have no mediator, but are almost finished ;) If you'd like to come lend a hand that might be ok, but please be careful, and make sure EB accepts you before getting too involved. I personally would accept you, assuming you read up on the matter abit more ;) Cheers, Sam Spade 16:02, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

The Inner Sound
What?

Just kidding. ;-) Do you follow any of the movements that have been getting worked on lately? Thanks for everything you do too!   — RDF talk 23:52, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I am a perennial philosopher, and a psychology, yoga and Yang style Taijiquan student. My studies in psychology are broad, but I tend to focus on behaviour modification, analytical psychology and hypnosis. I tend to agree with Carl Jung more than other famous psychologists, and often invoke his paradigms, such as Archetype, Collective Unconscious, and Synchronicity. I also find Vedanta, and especially Advaita Vedanta very agreeable, and I study the vedas and other religious texts often. Have you seen sacred-texts.com? Thats a great website. For more about me, have a look @ User:Sam Spade/Theoretical Biases.

 * How about you? As I recently said "the only thing I like discussing more than other peoples opinions are my own" ;)

 * Sam Spade 00:10, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

We have a lot in common. I have a "BS" in psychology - Acing pidgeon lab! :) Jung is a buddy of mine, I've practiced Nath Yoga, Ashtanga Yoga, Hypnotism, Reiki, Prana Yama, and Surat Shabda Yoga. See my user page.   — RDF talk 00:29, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Yes, I've seen sacred-texts.com. Check these out (I'm "Richard"): Carl Jung and the Individuation Process – Self Realization Web Sites for PW Forum Participants Web Sites for PW Forum Participants II

Cool, thanks, I will! Sam Spade 01:03, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

I suppose my preference is for Hatha or Karma yoga, but Reiki and Prana Yama sound an awful lot like Taiji, which is cool. I esp. like the common threads between practices ;) Sam Spade 01:47, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

I've proposed merging Inner Sound into the Shabd!!! What say you? :-)   — RDF talk 18:18, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I can't say I have an opinion. If you'd like to, I won't object :) Sam Spade 13:12, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

ECK master
I see you've rearranged the ECK master article, and I was wondering, besides the order, what do you think of the article overall? What else is it needing? I've been looking at some books and was thinking about a section on how to become an ECK master; I was also thinking of a "Critique of the ECK master concept" section, since I've drawn some inspiration from the Xenu article. Anything else? CanadianCaesar 02:12, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I thought "wow, this is some wild stuff!". I'd like to see more content generally; eckankar, and esp eck master's are extremely interesting to a guy like me who researches obscure faiths for fun. If there is to be more criticism (and is it really needed? C'mon, one of em lives on Venus! XD it should be from someone a bit nore motable than Ford Johnson, andf a bit more substantive than "plagiarism". I mean, what Religion can't fairly be accused of plagiarism? Theres not many... Have you heard of the Yezidi, btw? 02:19, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, they are some wild and crazy guys. Paul Twitchell did "borrow" a lot of stuff from the Sikhs, (e.g., Ek Onkar), the Sufis (e.g., "HU"), Sant Kirpal Singh with Sant Mat, and Surat Shabd Yoga, etc., then "embellished" things a bit. :-) The group has experienced a lot of inner turmoil and divisiveness. My prediction is they'll eventually collapse under their own weight.   — RDF talk 02:38, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * All I know is I hope an eck master shows up next time my car breaks down ;) Sam Spade 02:47, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * At least the one in charge of them! ;-)   — RDF talk 03:03, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

Existence of God Reorg
We're having a discussion on how best to reorganize the Existence of God article. We currently have two competing plans. One version is being sandboxed here, and is being discussed here. The other plan (mine) is being discussed here. Since I remember you being interested in this article, I'm asking for your input. (This is being copy-and-pasted to several people.) Thanks! crazyeddie 19:33, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure I have an opinion, outside of what I've just said on the talk page, and done in the article, except that the article is sliding towards a NPOV dispute. I doubt people are intentionally biasing things, but I do think the statistically abnormal level of atheist contributions need to be balanced out abit more, if nothing else by more "writing for the enemy", and a more inclusive talk page environment. I found much of the discussion at Talk:Existence of God so unpalatable that I avoided the article for some time after. There is a reason I contribute to an encyclopedia instead of some random lowbrow forum, and its not hear how stupid people are for loving. Speaking of which, you have been consistantly polite, which I think you for. Sam Spade 10:58, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

Eckankar
Your edit to ECKANKAR of 21:55, 26 September 2005 is under discussion. Would love to hear your viewpoint! User:Controltheweb (sig added by Sam Spade 10:11, 29 September 2005 (UTC))

Hypnosis
This article is in terrible shape, largely due to an eternal edit war I am a participant in. I have found my self reverting to a relatively neutral, but low quality article, in opposition to a "hypnosis doesn't exist and is pseudo-science" article, which is even worse. Essentially everybody agrees the article sucks, and needs a rewrite. Would you be interested in lending a hand? Sam Spade 12:54, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for asking. I'm by no means an expert, and I haven't actually seen a "resolved" edit war in my short time here, but I'll take a look. :-)   — RDF talk 13:38, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Anything you can do, or if you can steer someone towards it. There is good content mixed in w the rest, but it needs to be kicked around and reworded from top to bottom. I had just started to do that (made a couple of modest edits really) when the revert war began, so… Sam Spade 13:42, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Enough said. I'll see if I can find any "highest common ground" worth standing on. :-)   — RDF talk 13:48, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * However, you should be aware (though I have no doubt you will be soon if you look into it) that Sam is, to put it bluntly, lying. Whatever the defects of the article version that existed before Sam's "modest edits", it was not, as Sam misrepresents it, a "hypnosis doesn't exist and is pseudo-science" article. It was an article that acknowledged that many people 'do' believe in hypnosis, and described the effects that they attribute to it, and that have been attributed to it in the past, but also acknowledged that the existence of hypnosis and the extent of its effects are still debated. Sam, on the other hand, asserts that to say hypnosis may be a social construct is a "smear job" and that the only "NPOV" way to write the article is to take the existence of hypnosis (and brainwashing and mind control, as he introduced in this edit) for granted, and not disclose until much later in the article that there is dispute about this. -- Antaeus Feldspar 18:19, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks. I always take everything with a grain of salt. If you think some sort of "mediation" would help, let me know.   — RDF talk 19:21, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Needless to say I fail to concur w Mr. Feldspar regarding the article in question. Considering the conflict has now spread to RfC of all places, and there has been precious little dialogue of any redeeming value betwixt myself and Mr. Feldspar, I do think mediation is in order. If you'd like to tray to help, that'd be great, but if not I'll be requesting mediation formally soon enough. Cheers, Sam Spade 19:30, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * If you both are interested in something informal first, I'm willing to give it a go.   — RDF talk 19:40, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I would prefer that, but its up to him. Thanks for the thought either way, Sam Spade 19:53, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

I planted a little mustard seed. Based on the following edit to the article, I'll wait and see what comes of it before I bother putting much more energy into that dynamic. — RDF talk 14:54, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Thats the problem w edit wars... Sometimes there are so many users involved that a good article gets powered thru anyways, but they tend to discourage edits, and w articles of lower quality and fewer editors.. that can be quite unhealthy. Sam Spade 15:25, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

User:Jfdwolff
Assistance Requested With User:Jfdwolff

Thank you for volunteering to help with disputes.

I recently added the section on the Genzyme Test to the Gefitinib (Iressa) page. User:Jfdwolff is a Dutch physician who repeatedly removes a reference that I added.

I included a reference to an article from the Wall Street Journal, because it was a good analysis that would be understood by patients. I also included the press release from the drug company. Jfdwolff continues to remove the Wall Street Journal link, he feels that the press release from the drug company is enough.

I asked him if he had read the article and he said he does not have a subscription to the Wall Street Journal. I don't think this was a good reason on his part and also I think that Wikipedia articles should be helpful to the lay person, as well as the professional. A patient with cancer would go to the library or spend the money to read this article -- it is a good article which mentions other similar tests for current targeted therapies.

Would you please help resolve this issue?

I have started a section on the talk page for the article...

User:209.178.169.94 September 29, 2005

 * I'll look into it, but slowly, I have to go to dinner ;) Sam Spade 15:25, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Thank you so very much!

And thank you for your tireless work welcoming newcomers! Joaquin Murietta 29 September, 2005

I appreciate your comments, but I am perplexed with a. how to handle his dismissive and rude behavior. He did not comment until you got involved. He just kept reverting. This is not a good way to encourage newcomers to get involved. And, b. is there a hard and fast rule about not citing to the Wall Street Journal? My concern is that cancer patients (as opposed to physicians) actually need the reference to the WSJ article. We have used up more space talking about it, so its not a bandwidth issue...

Onefortyone
Thanks. - Ted Wilkes 00:23, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Under 19 September you inserted about me purchasing the book but forgot to insert the edit by Onefortyone about the book. As such, I put it in with a note that it was my insertion. Requests for arbitration/Onefortyone/Evidence Thanks. - Ted Wilkes 13:34, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I intentionally left it out. I almost left out the entire matter of the book, but I thought you showing the good faith to actually go out and get the book reflected well on you. If you think its necessary to have both to complete the picture, I think we'd be better off w neither. The arbiters are going to be mainly interested in his article name space edits and the pattern they reflect. More minor issues (like stuff he says on atalk page) prob. isn't going to help your case, and can be distractingly inconcise. Sam Spade 15:20, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * My view was that the Earl Greenwood book emphasized Onefortyone's never-ending insertion of complete fabrications. Remember, this guy "seeds" Wikipedia for Google and inserted this about the Greenwood book because the article itself was page protected but knowing the Talk page still comes up on Google. And, it shows a continuation of his pattern of inserting fabrications in his edit wars with others. See what User:Wyss said here about how Onefortyone forced her to do endless research to disprove his fabrications. This same thing happened to User:KeithD. - Ted Wilkes 16:47, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't see this as a strong suit of the case, its perfectly possible to assume good faith, and simply take Onefortyone as simply advocating a POV. Being mistaken doesn't display bad faith. I think your stronger case is the repeated insertion of "X is gay based on rumor Y" against consensus, and since the arbiters specifically requested the case be concise, in no uncertain terms... Sam Spade 17:13, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure how anyone can be mistaken when quoting a book. However, fabrications to support POV is the issue - Ted Wilkes 17:42, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Just for your information. I stumbled across this discussion thread which is very interesting indeed. It seems as if Ted Wilkes's false assertion that I am fabricating texts is confirmed by this contribution by user Wyss:. Significantly, Wilkes didn't cite my reply to this claim. Here it is:
 * The anon now confirms the "Grace" quote is from the Advocate (which I had to uncover on my own a few days back). The anon originally claimed it was from Lambert. For more information on this (including the anon's admitted interest in seeding misleading keywords into Google), please see User:Mel Etitis's talk page. Wyss 20:12, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * What is your argument? I didn't state that the quote is from Lambert. I only said, 'She was called "the 'Grace' to an army of Hollywood 'Wills'.' By the way, I have already cited from the Advocate review on the Talk:Nick Adams page some weeks ago, long before your claim that you had to uncover this source. But this shows how carefully you are reading the discussion pages. Such reviews are indeed valuable sources. Many Wikipedia editors regularly use reviews for their contributions. If you do not agree with the facts I am presenting you must support this with evidence. I am frequently citing my sources. 80.141.204.148 21:16, 11 July 2005 (UTC)
 * See . In addition, here are my contributions of 1 June and 10 June 2005 to the Talk:Nick Adams page including the reference to David Ehrenstein's Advocate review: and . For this review of Lambert's Wood biography, which includes the statement that "Natalie Wood was the 'Grace' to an army of Hollywood 'Wills,' including James Dean, Tab Hunter, Nick Adams, Scott Marlowe, and Raymond Burr," see . By the way, this review proves that gay historian David Ehrenstein has no doubt that Nick Adams was gay. I hope that the arbitrators will have an unbiased look at my contributions and statements and all the sources I am citing to support my opinion. Onefortyone 20:30, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

For what its worth I don't personally believe your fabricating these things or trying to influence google counts. My guess is your simply advocating a POV. I personally don't feel that is contrary to our encyclopedic purposes, but the arbcom does. The case involving LaRouchites sets a clear precedent in a similar case.

Sam Spade 20:40, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

KeithD
Would it be more appropriate if you rather than me communicated with User:KeithD to encourage him to give evidence as to his involvement on the Onefortyone arbitration case? See: Wikipedia talk:Requests for arbitration/Onefortyone/Evidence. - Ted Wilkes 13:45, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * If you'd like, sure. Sam Spade 15:20, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Okay, go ahead and communicate with User:KeithD. He was a sincere contributor who went out of his way to accommodate Onefortyone but got severely stung. Thanks. - Ted Wilkes 16:02, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

RE:
 * 19 September 2005
 * Revision as of 19:54, 19 September 2005
 * User:Ted Wilkes purchases book in question and disputes its content

I'd appreciate it if you would reword your comment. It sounds like, and in grammatical terms actually says, that I'm disputing the books content, instead of Onefortyone's fabrication. Thanks again. - Ted Wilkes 20:38, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

I see User:KeithD responded to you on his Talk page. Do you think based on this comment they might be another to approach for input?

Just as a matter of interest, Requests for arbitration/Rktect/Evidence is 3,275 words. - Ted Wilkes 20:54, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

New article
Sam, here's a new article. Plese take a look into Tatvas. -  Vaikunda   &   Raja

Bible and Reincarnation
Sam, thanks for cheering me on. I really feel that there is a lot that people should know and they should grow. Experience is a painful teacher, why not Fast Forward and evolve? I was rasied a Catholic, preached Christianity and discovered Edgar Cayce and Reincarnation. I will soon be adding to the article Resurrection about resurections in India. --Jondel 04:29, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Pre-Puranic Vishnu
Hi, Sam, it's been many weeks since I have seen the Vishnu article. Apparently, someone has refuted Dab's assertions that Vishnu is an inferior deity in the Vedas.

"Some points missed by the author:

1. Purusha Sukta of Taittiriya Aranyaka(3.13.2) also refers master of Hri and Lakshmi(Visnu) as Purusha, the Supreme GOD.

2. Visvakarma Sukta of Rig Veda(10.82) refers to Visnu indirectly as the Supreme GOD.

10.082.06 The waters verily first retained the embryo in which all the gods were aggregated, single deposited on the navel of the unborn (creator), in which all beings abide.

3. Aitareya Brahmana: 1:1:1 mentions Visnu as Supreme.

Agni is the lowest among devatas and Visnu is the highest, all other Devatas(anya devatas except Lord Visnu and Agni Deva) occupy positions inbetween.

So the author's conclusion that Visnu was inferior Deity in Vedas is unfounded."

I wanted you to see it.

Hope all is well.

Raj2004 22:17, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Have you posted these to Talk:Vishnu? Sam Spade 17:24, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Sam, I didn't feel the need to put the comments in the Talk-Vishnu as we are more specifically arguing over the meaning of the word, "Vishnu." If you feel that we should place these comments in the talk-Vishnu in addition to the article, please feel free to add them.

Thanks, as always.

Raj2004 18:44, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

I checked again and agree with you placing the comments in the talk-section.

Raj2004 18:46, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Thank you
Thank you for your welcome. David Kernow 15:36, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Glad to have you! Sam Spade 17:24, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Useless
Thank you. SlimVirgin (talk) 18:41, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Thanks...
Thanks for rolling out the welcome-wagon, Sam. ;) Matthew king 03:13, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * And thank you for your contributions here. Sam Spade

My RfA
Mr. Spade-- Thank you for your kind words and support in my RfA. While it appears this may end in "no consensus", I hope you might think about supporting me again in a few months. Cheers my friend. -- Lord Vold  e   mort  (Dark Mark) 14:15, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I did nothing other than vote my conscience. Its ridiculous that people try to make such haughty judgements of non-admins, when admins in good standing make the most vulger of personal attacks w impunity. If and when I gain my adminship I intend to use it to hold them to the same standard as ordinary wikipedians, and I hope you'll do the same. Cheers, Sam Spade 14:47, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Thank you
Thank you for the links. They were very useful. User:TearAwayTheFunerealDress (sig added by Sam Spade 14:47, 3 October 2005 (UTC))

 * Certainly, and please make sure to check out our heavy metal and death metal articles! Sam Spade 14:47, 3 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
Good Is Good

"Good Is Good" is a song by American singer-songwriter Sheryl Crow, and is featured on her 2005 album, Wildflower. It was released as the first single from the album. The single was not commercially successful on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 64 and staying there for two weeks. The song succeeded in Canada, reaching the Top 20 in Airplay Charts and becoming an AC hit.

In December 2005, Crow was nominated for a Best Female Pop Vocal Performance Grammy Award for the song, but lost to Kelly Clarkson's "Since U Been Gone".

Music video
The video for "Good Is Good" follows the same concept of art found in the cover of the album and the single, with the singer interacting with images similar to surrealist drawings in movement. At the end of the video there's a scene which was used as the cover of Wildflower.

Track listing

 * UK CD (9885348)
 * 1) "Good Is Good" – Album Version
 * 2) "Good Is Good" – Acoustic Version
 * 3) "I Know Why" – Acoustic Version
 * 4) "Good Is Good" – Video

title: Good Is Good


text:
Talk:Helen Miller Shepard

TooPotato started Helen Gould (philanthropist) on September 12, 2005 at 21:07 UTC.

Untitled
Where is my accreditation? TooPotato 14:19, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Honorary degree of Doctor of Letters
See this article from The New York Times. Probably the same person. Eastmain (talk • contribs) 00:40, 21 May 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Helen Miller Shepard


text:
Bickleigh, South Hams

Bickleigh is a small village on the southern edge of Dartmoor in Devon, England. It has a population of about 50 people. It is in the South Hams district, and is about 7 mi north of Plymouth city centre. The village is part of the electoral ward called Bickleigh and Shaugh. At the 2011 census the ward population was 4,723. 42 Commando is currently based at Bickleigh Barracks.

The village church has a tower of the 15th century but the rest of the building is the work of Charles Fowler, 1838, and one of the church's two baptismal fonts is 15th century. There is a fine monument to Sir Manasseh Masseh Lopes of Maristow House.

title: Bickleigh, South Hams


text:
User talk:Foobar69

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Where to ask a question or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Pamri • Talk 14:20, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Foobar69


text:
Signals and slots

Signals and slots is a language construct introduced in Qt for communication between objects which makes it easy to implement the observer pattern while avoiding boilerplate code. The concept is that GUI widgets, and other objects, can send signals containing event information which can be received by other objects using special member functions known as slots. This is similar to C/C++ function pointers, but the signal/slot system ensures the type-correctness of callback arguments.

The signal/slot system fits well with the way graphical user interfaces are designed. Similarly, the signal/slot system can be used for other non-GUI usages, for example asynchronous I/O (including sockets, pipes, serial devices, etc.) event notification or to associate timeout events with appropriate object instances and methods or functions. It is easy to use and no registration/deregistration/invocation code need to be written, because Qt's metaobject compiler (MOC) automatically generates the needed infrastructure.

A spreadsheet programs update system could be implemented using signals and slots such that when a cell is changed, its dependent cells are notified/updated.

Alternative implementations
There are some implementations of signal/slot systems based on C++ templates, which don't require the extra metaobject compiler, as used by Qt, such as libsigc++, sigslot, vdk-signals, nano-signal-slot, neosigslot, Signals, boost.signals2, Synapse, Cpp::Events, Platinum, JBroadcaster and KDBindings. Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) languages such as C# also supports a similar construct although with a different terminology and syntax: events play the role of signals, and delegates are the slots. Another implementation of signals exists for ActionScript 3.0, inspired by C# events and signals/slots in Qt. Additionally, a delegate can be a local variable, much like a function pointer, while a slot in Qt must be a class member declared as such. The C based GObject system also provides similar functionality via GSignal. In D it is implemented by std.signals.

Libraries
Java: sig4j - multi-threaded, type-safe, based on the FunctionalInterface annotation introduced in Java 8.

C++: vdk-signals - thread-safe, type-safe, written in C++11 with atomic variables.

title: Signals and slots


text:
Guru Logi Champ

Guru Logi Champ (ぐるロジチャンプ) is a puzzle game by the Japanese developer Compile. The game was released in 2001 for the Game Boy Advance handheld game system. "Guru Logi" is an abbreviation of "Guruguru Logic", "guruguru" (ぐるぐる) being a Japanese onomatopoeia for a rotating motion.

The game itself is best compared to Picross and Magical Drop. Similar to Picross, a board consisting of a set of blocks creates an image. Similar to Magical Drop, gameplay involves throwing blocks vertically into the play area and sucking them back off again.

According to late-2001 GameSpot ads, the game was scheduled to be released in the United States on December 22, 2001, but this was scrapped due to a poor Japanese-to-English translation. In various screenshots of a Beta for the English-language "Guru Logic Champ" (the official North American title), many language errors are present.

Gameplay
The game's story mode sees the Champs, small yellow bird-like creatures who attempt to help the inhabitants of their neighbourhood out of various troubles. To do so, they must complete a series of logic puzzles. There are a total of 335 puzzles in the game, and if they are all completed a totally different mini-game is unlocked.

Each stage requires the player to complete an image by placing and removing blocks on the board. The puzzles are set up so that there is no simple solution; often the player is blocked by other immovable areas and so must improvise a solution by constantly constructing and deconstructing their own barriers. The board itself may be rotated so that the player can construct the solution from all four sides. An additional Battle Mode exists in which two players must race to finish puzzles in the fastest time. Battle mode requires a Game Link Cable and only one game pak cartridge.

Snapdots
A reworking of the game concept was released by D4 Enterprise for DSiWare under the name Guruguru Logic (ぐるぐるロジック), known as Snapdots outside Japan. It was released on December 2, 2009 in Japan and October 18, 2010 in North America.

New to Snapdots is the presence of a human-like alien character named Dotty, who acts as your guide during the tutorial and provides commentary on each puzzle that you solve. In addition, the game now displays the number of moves it took you to solve each puzzle along with the time, and it also features a Time Attack mode in which players are tasked with solving as many puzzles as they can, chosen randomly, in a specific time frame. The basic rules and gameplay mechanics remain unchanged from Guru Logi Champ, however, and many of the puzzles in Snapdots were identical to puzzles found in the previous game.

Clones
PopCap released a web game called Pixelus (and the downloadable version Pixelus Deluxe) that featured similar (but not identical) gameplay mechanics as Guru Logi Champ, but dressed up in an Ancient Roman graphical theme. Unlike Guru Logi Champ, where the entire board rotates in 90-degree increments, the character in Pixelus can face the game board from any of 4 different directions by moving from one outside edge to another.

There are a number of unofficial remakes of the game:
 * A port to the MSX2 is currently under development by TNI.
 * An English 80-level remake available for the PC. This is still a work in progress and has no sound.
 * There are also completed freeware remakes for the GP2X Wiz and GPH Caanoo by the same programmer (Ian Price) as the PC remake

title: Guru Logi Champ