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Sami al-Hajj

Sami Mohy El Din Muhammed Al Hajj (سامي محي الدين محمد الحاج), aka Sami Al-Haj (Khartoum, Sudan, February 15, 1969) is a Sudanese journalist for the Al Jazeera network. In 2001, while on his way to do camera work for the network in Afghanistan, he was arrested by the Pakistani army and held in the United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camp in Cuba for over six years. After his release, al-Hajj wrote a book titled Prisoner 345. He was released without charge on May 1, 2008. He later attempted to launch legal action against George W. Bush.

Al Hajj's case was portrayed in a documentary titled Prisoner 345 by Al Jazeera producer Ahmad Ibrahim.

Background
Al Hajj was arrested in Pakistan on December 15, 2001. He was on his way to work in Afghanistan as a cameraman for Al Jazeera and had a legitimate visa. He was held as an "enemy combatant" at the Guantanamo Bay detainment camp, with Guantanamo Internment Serial Number 345, and was the only journalist to be held in Guantanamo.

British human rights lawyer Clive Stafford Smith represented al-Hajj, and was able to visit him in 2005. According to Stafford Smith, Al Hajj had "endured horrendous abuse - sexual abuse and religious persecution" and that he had been beaten, leaving a "huge scar" on his face. Stafford Smith also said that Al Hajj had witnessed "the Quran being flushed down the toilet by US soldiers in Afghanistan" and "expletives being written on the Muslim holy book".

On 23 November 2005, Stafford Smith said that, during (125 of 130) interviews, U.S. officials had questioned Al Hajj as to whether Al Jazeera was a front for al-Qaeda.

Stafford Smith stated of his client that: "He is completely innocent. He is about as much of a terrorist as my granddad. The only reason he has been treated like he has is because he is an Al Jazeera journalist. The Americans have tried to make him an informant with the goal of getting him to say that Al Jazeera is linked to Al Qaida."

Al Jazeera responded that Al Hajj reported his passport stolen in Sudan in 1999, and that anything done with the passport after that date was likely the work of identity thieves.

During Al Hajj's time in captivity, Reporters Without Borders repeatedly expressed concern over his detention, mentioning Al Hajj in its annual Worldwide Press Freedom Index, and launched a petition for his release.

In January 2007, Al Hajj and several other inmates went on hunger strike in protest of their treatment in Guantanamo, during which Al Hajj lost over 55 pounds. In response to the hunger strike, Al Hajj and the other inmates were force-fed. Al Hajj's hunger strike lasted 438 days until he was set free on 1 May 2008.

When Alan Johnston, former Gaza Correspondent for the BBC, was abducted on 12 March 2007 in Gaza City by gunmen from the Army of Islam and held for 113 days, Sami Al Hajj made a plea to Johnston's captors to let the journalist go. Following his release, Johnston made a similar plea for the release of Al Hajj, being held by the United States Government in Guantanamo.

Interrogation
On 20 April 2007, the UK newspaper, The Guardian, started publishing excerpts from Clive Stafford Smith's book, Bad Men: Guantanamo Bay and the Secret Prisons. According to Stafford Smith: "Against the background of this campaign against al-Jazeera, what I learned about Sami's ongoing interrogation in Guantanamo was disturbing. In the first 100-plus sessions, the US military never posed a question about the allegations against him, as they were only interested in turning him into an informant against al-Jazeera. He had to ask them to interrogate him about what he was supposed to have done wrong."

Health and hunger strike
In 1998, Al Hajj was treated for throat cancer and prescribed a course of anti-cancer drugs that he was to take every day for the rest of his life. In letters from the detention camp, he claimed that he was being denied these medications by the authorities.

The authorities were also reported to have "refused to provide him with a support for his knee as this contains metal and is classified as a security threat."

On 7 January 2007, Al Hajj went on a hunger strike. Al Jazeera's website published his demands which included:
 * The right for detainees to practice their religion freely and without duress.
 * Applying the Geneva Convention to the treatment of Guantanamo detainees.
 * Releasing a number of prisoners from isolation confinement, and in particular one Shakir Amer that has been in continued isolation since September 2005.
 * Conducting a full and fair investigation into the deaths of three prisoners who died in June 2006.
 * His release or trial by a federal US court.

Zachary Katznelson, senior counsel of Reprieve, a London-based human rights group representing Al Hajj, visited the cameraman at Guantanamo Bay on February 1. U.S. military officials declined to confirm whether Al Hajj was among the 12 detainees on hunger strike at the time.

On 22 August 2007, Clive Stafford Smith told Reporters Without Borders that he had found Al Hajj's health had seriously deteriorated since his last visit. He said that Al Hajj looked more frail, and visibly had trouble concentrating.

On 10 September 2007, Clive Stafford said that Al Hajj was focused on the worry that he would be the next captive to die and losing his ability to speak English.

On 11 September 2007, Al Jazeera reported that Al Hajj was suffering from depression and losing the will to live.

By 19 October 2007, Al Hajj had lost over 55 pounds since beginning his hunger strike in January.

Guantanamo detainee file
On 26 April 2011, a classified file on Al Hajj's Guantanamo detention was leaked. The file, dated 4 April 2008, describes Al Hajj as a high risk detainee with "direct ties to Al-Qaida, al-Haramayn non-governmental organization (NGO) and Taleban leadership."

According to the file, Al Hajj "admitted shipping supplies and carrying funds to Chechnya" but had "not been forthcoming regarding his activities in support of terrorist organizations as reported by other sources." The file said that he had been "careful not to implicate himself as a member of an extremist organization, or to have had any dealings with extremists beyond performing interviews as a journalist."

Among the reasons for Al Hajj's transfer to the facility, the file listed: "To provide information on ... the al-Jazeera News Network's training program, telecommunications equipment, and newsgathering operations in Chechnya, Kosovo, and Afghanistan, including the network's acquisition of a video of UBL [Usama Bin Laden] and a subsequent interview with UBL."

Combatant Status Review Tribunal
Stafford Smith summarized the allegations from Al Hajj's Combatant Status Review Tribunal: "...that he had allegedly run a website that supported terrorism, that he had trafficked in arms, that he entered Afghanistan illegally in October 2001 while US air strikes were under way, and that he interviewed Osama bin Laden."

According to Al Jazeera, the U.S. authorities labelled Al Hajj an "enemy combatant" and announced a number of charges against him, including:
 * That he travelled to the middle East, the Balkans, and the Caucasus for clandestine purposes.
 * That he had an internet site that supports terrorists.
 * That he was involved in selling Stinger missiles to Chechen rebels.
 * That he was caught entering Afghanistan illegally.
 * That he interviewed Osama bin Laden (a charge that was later dropped).

Ahmad Ibrahim, a colleague of Al Hajj who documented his case in the documentary Prisoner 345, denied each these charges.

Subsequent Administrative Review Boards
On 23 February 2007, it was reported that Al Hajj's continued detention had been reviewed by a subsequent Administrative Review Board. Al Hajj was not one of the eighty captives who that round of Administrative Review Boards had recommended for release or transfer.

His colleagues at Al Jazeera said "his detention is American harassment of an Arabic TV network whose coverage has long angered U.S. officials." Lamis Andoni, a Middle East analyst for Al Jazeera, said in reference to the November 2001 and April 2003 bombings of Al Jazeera's offices: "When you are targeted once, it could be a mistake, but when you are bombed twice, it's something else."

The director of the Joint Intelligence Group, Paul Rester, said: "I consider the information that we obtained from him to be useful", though he declined to offer any substantiation for this claim.

During his first Administrative Review Board hearing, Al Hajj said he was going to decline to reply to the charges, on legal advice. However, Al Hajj's lawyer, Clive Stafford Smith, said that:
 * Al Hajj was not a clandestine financial courier, but: "...he and his wife once carried $220,000 from Qatar to Azerbaijan for his boss at the beverage company - and ... he even declared the cash to customs."
 * Al Hajj did meet Mamdouh Mahmud Salim once "while working for the beverage company ... when he was sent to pick him up at the airport in Qatar in 1998. During the drive, the two discussed schools and housing."

Release negotiation and release
On 15 August 2007, a spokesperson for the U.S. Department of State stated of Al Hajj's case:

On the same day, Ali Sadiq, an official of the Sudanese Foreign Ministry, stated:

Sami Al Hajj was released on 1 May 2008 from Guantanamo Bay and flown to Sudan. He arrived in the Sudanese capital Khartoum on a US military plane in the early hours of Friday, May 2. Al Jazeera showed footage of him being carried into the hospital on a stretcher, looking frail but smiling and surrounded by well-wishers.

After Guantánamo Bay
Upon release, al-Hajj announced his intention to sue George W Bush and other leaders involved in his detention at Guantanamo Bay. He co-founded the Guantánamo Justice Centre as part of these efforts. In a later interview, he claimed that the organisation received no external support.

He returned to work for Al Jazeera after his release, leading a new section covering civil liberties and human rights.

Open letter to President Biden
On January 29, 2021, the New York Review of Books published an open letter from al-Hajj, and six other individuals who were formerly held in Guantanamo, to newly inaugurated President Biden, appealing to him to close the detention camp.

title: Sami al-Hajj


text: User talk:70.107.192.26

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:70.107.192.26


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A.T.F.

A.T.F. is a 1999 American television film directed by Dean Parisot and written by Patricia Cornwell and Michelle Ashford, based on a story by Cornwell. The film stars Kathy Baker and Amy Brenneman as ATF agents who work to infiltrate an armed militia, a group which the film describes as akin to the Branch Davidians, a religious group held off ATF agents and were later set siege to by the FBI in Waco, Texas in the Waco Siege of 1993.

A.T.F. was produced by Columbia TriStar Television as a television pilot for ABC, on which it aired on September 6, 1999.

Plot
Following the infamous tragedy in Waco, Texas, in which the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (A.T.F.) found themselves in a battle with an armed militia, the organization, led by director Maggie Hale (Kathy Baker), finds itself in a new fight. Agent Robyn O'Brien (Amy Brenneman) goes undercover to infiltrate a militia selling illegal street-sweeper guns, dismissing Hale's orders to stay away. When O'Brien gets held prisoner inside the militia's compound, the A.T.F. is left with the decision to start another Waco and attack the militia, or come up with another way to save her.

Cast

 * Kathy Baker as A.T.F. Director Maggie Hale
 * Amy Brenneman as Agent Robin O'Brien
 * Vincent Angell as Agent Reeve Aquilar
 * Michael O'Neill as Asst. A.T.F. Director Ben Walker
 * Keith David as F.B.I Director Richard Long
 * Mark Boone Junior as Jake Neill
 * William Richert as Patrick McKennan
 * Sarah Trigger as Carol
 * John Philbin as Randy
 * Raphael Sbarge as Director Hale's Assistant
 * John Beasley as Secretary Robert Edwards
 * Coby Bell as Agent Dinko Bates
 * Sean Bridgers as Smitty

title: A.T.F.


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File:LateNightTales TurinBreaks albumcover.jpg

Summary
http://images-eu.amazon.com/images/P/B00015BL98.02.LZZZZZZZ.jpg

This image is of the CD cover for the Late Night Tales album mixed by Turin Brakes entitled Late Night Tales: Turin Brakes. It is used in the article about the album, Late Night Tales: Turin Brakes. The image is therefore illustrative of, and directly relevant to, the article's content. The justification / rationale for using this image is:

 * The image is directly relevant to, or is representative of, the article in which it appears.
 * The presence of the image improves and/or gives clarity to the article in which it appears.
 * The image is of low size and quality.
 * The image depicts, or is used to promote, a product. Use of the image in an encyclopedic article relevant to that product does not harm or diminish the product, its creators, the original artist / designer of the image, the record company, publishers or studios that market the product, or any other personnel involved in its production in any way.
 * The image was taken from the website that is sourced above. On the source website, the image was used to advertise or review the product. Use of the image in a relevant encyclopedic article does not harm or diminish the source website's continued use of the image for their intended purposes.
 * The image is unlikely to have been edited. However, there are two circumstances where it may have been edited by the uploader:
 * 1) If the original image was large, the uploader may have reduced the size prior to uploading to Wikipedia.
 * 2) If borders, shadows or other effects had been added to the image on the source website, these may have been removed by the uploader purely for the purpose of returning the exact likeness of the original product.
 * Neither of these forms of editing affect the other points listed here.

Gram123 (talk) 11:22, 8 January 2008 (UTC)


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Gamston

Gamston may refer to:

Places

 * Gamston, Bassetlaw, near Retford, in the north of Nottinghamshire, England
 * Gamston, Rushcliffe, near West Bridgford, in the south of Nottinghamshire, England

Other uses

 * Retford Gamston Airport, between Retford and Gamston in Nottinghamshire, England
 * HMS Gamston, a British Royal Navy ship name
 * HMS Gamston, a Royal Navy Cold War minesweeper

title: Gamston


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Barham, Huntingdonshire

Barham is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Barham and Woolley, in Cambridgeshire, England. Barham lies approximately 7 mi west of Huntingdon. Barham is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England. In 1931 the parish had a population of 34.

Barham has over time been known by various spellings. Bercheham (11th Century) Bercham, Bergham, Berwham, Berewam, Bereuham, Beruham (13th Century) Barram, Barrham (16th Century) Barham (Modern)

Barham is around 200 feet above sea level. The church dates from the 12th Century with a modern late Norman doorway.

Government
Barham is part of the civil parish of Barham and Woolley, which has a parish council. The parish council is elected by the residents of the parish who have registered on the electoral roll; the parish council is the lowest tier of government in England. A parish council is responsible for providing and maintaining a variety of local services including allotments and a cemetery; grass cutting and tree planting within public open spaces such as a village green or playing fields. The parish council reviews all planning applications that might affect the parish and makes recommendations to Huntingdonshire District Council, which is the local planning authority for the parish. The parish council also represents the views of the parish on issues such as local transport, policing and the environment. The parish council raises its own tax to pay for these services, known as the parish precept, which is collected as part of the Council Tax.

On 1 April 1935 the parish of Barham was abolished to form "Barham and Woolley". Barham was in the historic and administrative county of Huntingdonshire until 1965. From 1965, the village was part of the new administrative county of Huntingdon and Peterborough. Then in 1974, following the Local Government Act 1972, Barham became a part of the county of Cambridgeshire.

The second tier of local government is Huntingdonshire District Council which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire and has its headquarters in Huntingdon. Huntingdonshire District Council has 52 councillors representing 29 district wards. Huntingdonshire District Council collects the council tax, and provides services such as building regulations, local planning, environmental health, leisure and tourism. Barham is part of the district ward of Ellington and is represented on the district council by one councillor. District councillors serve for four-year terms following elections to Huntingdonshire District Council.

For Barham the highest tier of local government is Cambridgeshire County Council which has administration buildings in Cambridge. The county council provides county-wide services such as major road infrastructure, fire and rescue, education, social services, libraries and heritage services. Cambridgeshire County Council consists of 69 councillors representing 60 electoral divisions. Barham is a part of the electoral division of Sawtry and Ellington and is represented on the county council by one councillor. County councillors serve for four-year terms following elections to Cambridgeshire County Council.

At Westminster, Barham is in the parliamentary constituency of North West Cambridgeshire and elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Barham and is represented in the House of Commons by Shailesh Vara (Conservative). Shailesh Vara has represented the constituency since 2005. The previous member of parliament was Brian Mawhinney (Conservative) who represented the constituency between 1997 and 2005.

Population
In the period 1801 to 1901 the population of Barham was recorded every ten years by the UK census. During this time the population was in the range of 57 (the lowest in 1891) and 115 (the highest in 1861).

From 1901, a census was taken every ten years with the exception of 1941 (due to the Second World War).

All population census figures from report Historic Census figures Cambridgeshire to 2011 by Cambridgeshire Insight.

The separate parishes of Barham and Woolley were combined into a single parish in 1935.

Culture and Community
In Barham there is a Bed and Breakfast, Ye Olde Globe and Chequers. The Victorian guest house in the village, first dwelling on this site was built in the 16th century and was lost to fire in 1855. The brewhouse was saved and the dwelling that now stands became the village inn known as The Globe and even though the brew house was demolished the Inn served the village up until 1965. The original stable block built for the dray houses and the blacksmith's forge has subsequently been converted and are now part of the guest house.

title: Barham, Huntingdonshire


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Technical University of Ilmenau

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedied by User:R. fiend (and quite rightly) --Doc (?) 16:09, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

Technical University of Ilmenau
Content free speedy candidate The Land 14:13, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy D as stated The Land 14:13, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete and so tagged. No reason to drag this through Afd. Friday (talk) 15:17, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * speedy delete as "no context" and as "an attempt to communicate". DES (talk) 15:21, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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The Holiday

The Holiday is a 2006 American romantic comedy film written, produced and directed by Nancy Meyers. Coproduced by Bruce A. Block, it was filmed in both California and England and stars Kate Winslet and Cameron Diaz as Iris and Amanda, two lovelorn women from opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean, who arrange a home exchange to escape heartbreak during the Christmas and holiday season. Jude Law and Jack Black were cast as the film's leading men Graham and Miles, with Eli Wallach, Shannyn Sossamon, Edward Burns, and Rufus Sewell playing key supporting roles.

The Holiday premiered in New York City on November 29, 2006, before it was theatrically released in the United Kingdom and the United States on December 8, 2006. The film was distributed by Columbia Pictures in North America and by Universal Pictures overseas. It grossed over $205 million worldwide against a budget of $85 million. The film received mixed reviews, with critics praising its visual design and the cast's performances while regarding the plot as predictable.

Plot
Iris Simpkins, a society columnist for the Daily Telegraph in London, is obsessively in love with her ex-boyfriend, Jasper Bloom; even though he cheated on her and is currently in a relationship, Jasper has been keeping Iris close under the guise of 'remaining friends'. When he announces his engagement at the company Christmas party, Iris is devastated.

Amanda Woods, owner of a film trailer company in Los Angeles, breaks up with her film composer boyfriend, Ethan, after he cheats on her, citing her emotional unavailability. Coming across Iris's listing of her Surrey cottage on a home swap website, she messages her, and the two agree to switch houses for two weeks starting the next day.

Iris happily settles into Amanda's large house, but Amanda has trouble adjusting to quiet English country life and decides to return home the next day. That night, Iris's brother, Graham, drops by after drinking too much at the local pub, asking to spend the night. Amanda agrees, and after they talk, Graham unexpectedly kisses her on the lips; she suggests they have sex because she does not expect to see him ever again. The next morning, despite enjoying their time together, they go their separate ways. However, Amanda decides to stay and continue seeing Graham.

Iris meets Arthur Abbott, Amanda's elderly neighbor, an Oscar-winning screenwriter from the Golden Age of Hollywood. Over dinner, Iris reveals her troubles with Jasper, and Arthur gives her a long list of classic films with strong female characters such as The Lady Eve, so she can become "the leading lady of her own life." She returns his kindness by helping him prepare for a Writers Guild of America gala in his honor. Meanwhile, Iris befriends Miles, a colleague of Ethan's who is dating aspiring actress Maggie. After he catches Maggie with another man, Iris and Miles bond over their similar relationship troubles, and they have dinner together on Christmas Eve.

Amanda and Graham become closer, but she believes she is one of many women in his life. Surprising him one evening at his house, she discovers he is a widower with two young daughters, Sophie and Olivia. He reveals that he never tells new romantic partners about his daughters, because compartmentalizing his life helps him deal with the overwhelming responsibility of being a single working father, and he does not want to bring a woman into the girls' lives unless the relationship definitely has a future.

On the gala day, Maggie asks Miles to take her back, but he refuses. Jasper surprises Iris by showing up at Amanda's wanting to reignite their romance, but when he reveals he is still engaged, she kicks him out. At the gala, Arthur gives a rousing speech, and Miles asks Iris out on a date for New Year's Eve. She tells him that she will be returning to England soon. Miles admits he's never been to England, so he asks if he could accompany her home for New Year's and she happily accepts, and they kiss.

Graham tells Amanda he has fallen in love with her, and while she says she does not return the sentiment, they pessimistically agree to try to make a long-distance relationship work. While heading to the airport, Amanda breaks down crying for the first time in years, and runs back to the cottage to find Graham similarly in tears; they decide to spend New Year's Eve together with his daughters.

On New Year's Eve, Iris, Amanda, Miles, Graham, Sophie, and Olivia all happily celebrate together at Graham's house.

Cast
Iris is a society columnist, writing for the Daily Telegraph. Winslet was handpicked by Meyers, who wrote all of Iris's lines with Winslet in mind. The character was named Iris after Jude Law's young daughter. A fan of Meyers' previous work on Something's Gotta Give (2003), Winslet, then primarily known for her portrayals in period films, "loved the idea" of playing a contemporary English woman in a romantic comedy, a genre she had not done before. Winslet said she had initially felt "nervous and ... scared about trying to be funny" at times, stating that "Jude [Law] and I would speak on the telephone a lot before we started shooting, 'Oh my god, they're going to fire us, they're going to recast, what if we don't make them laugh?" In preparing for her role, Winslet watched screwball comedies from the 1940s, such as His Girl Friday and The Philadelphia Story, to study the dialogues and performances. Amanda is the owner of a successful business that produces movie trailers. A fan of Meyers' work, Diaz signed on after reading parts of the script. Commenting on her decision to play Amanda, Diaz said that her character "was totally relatable to because we've all had these relationships that fail. But I loved the bravery that she displays. She ... learns about who she is and opens herself up to possibilities she's never allowed herself to have before. I felt that was such a wonderful message to put out there." Meyers, who envisioned casting her still during the writing process, compared Diaz's performance in the film to Goldie Hawn's, complimenting her adeptness at physical comedy: "It's really hard I think to be that cute and sexy and that funny and that sort of girl-friendly ... She seemed absolutely the right choice for a California girl," she commented. In developing her character, Diaz also improvised on set: "There were a few scenes that were written on the page but then Nancy and I fooled around with them a bit. We didn’t want to take it [the comedy] too broad. We wanted it to be believable, so we included realistic moments," she said. Graham is Iris's brother, a book editor, "countryside widower ", and single father raising his two daughters (Miffy Englefield as Sophie, and Emma Pritchard as Olivia) by himself after his wife's death. Robert Downey Jr. auditioned for the role. Law accepted the role as he was interested in playing a type of character that he had never played on film before. After his appearances in a string of period dramas and science fiction films in the early to mid-2000s, Law found it tricky to approach the contemporary role of Graham. Like Winslet, the actor stated, he felt more vulnerable about playing a character who fitted his own look and did not require an accent, a costume or a relocation. Meyers, who was not immediately sure if Law was going to fit into the genre and whose character evolved more during the writing than the others, decided to cast him after a meeting in which they went through the script together. In preparing for his role, Meyers sent him a collection of Clark Gable movies to prepare the performance that she wanted in The Holiday. Miles is a Hollywood film composer working with Amanda and an affiliate of her boyfriend, Ethan. Jimmy Fallon auditioned for the role. As with Diaz and Winslet, Meyers specially created the character for Black after watching his performance in the musical comedy film School of Rock (2003). On his cast, Meyers commented that "when I was thinking of this movie I thought he was someone I would like to write a part for and I'm aware he's not Clark Gable, he's not tall dark and handsome, but he's adorable, he's lovable. It's my way of saying this is the right kind of guy, this is what most guys look like if they're lucky, he's so adorable, and why not?" Cast against type, Black felt "flattered [and] a little bit nervous" about Meyers' approach to star in a rom-com, though he eventually agreed to sign on upon learning that he would play opposite Winslet. While he felt it was difficult to find the adorable side in his role, Black appreciated Miles' relationship with music, stating, "I could relate to that Miles was a film composer and I just got done composing my music for my score. So I knew about that world." Arthur is Amanda's neighbor, a famous screenwriter from the Golden Age of Hollywood whom Iris befriends. Wallach was 90 years old when The Holiday was filmed. Meyers found him so animated and energetic on the set that she had to remind him several times during filming to slow down, move more slowly, and act more like an older man.
 * Kate Winslet as Iris Simpkins:
 * Cameron Diaz as Amanda Woods:
 * Jude Law as Graham Simpkins:
 * Jack Black as Miles Dumont:
 * Eli Wallach as Arthur Abbott:

The film reunited Rufus Sewell and Shannyn Sossamon as they both starred in A Knight's Tale (2001) together, although they do not share a scene. The film also cast Bill Macy as Ernie and Shelley Berman as Norman, friends of Arthur, as well as Kathryn Hahn as Bristol and John Krasinski as Ben, Amanda's employees. Jon Prescott appears as Maggie's short-time affair.

Dustin Hoffman appears in the video rental store in an uncredited cameo as Jack Black talks about the score from The Graduate (1967). According to Hoffman, this was unscripted and unexpected. He was going to Blockbuster Video to rent a film when he saw the lighting from the film production crew and walked over to see what was happening. He knew director Nancy Meyers, who scripted a short scene with him in it.

Lindsay Lohan, who had made her motion picture debut in Meyers's remake of The Parent Trap (1998), and James Franco, a friend of Meyers, make uncredited appearances in the trailer of the fictional movie Deception, which Amanda and her team finish at the beginning of The Holiday. Veteran voice-over talent Hal Douglas was the narrator for the trailer, as well as other "trailers" that describe Amanda's situation at various points in the film.

Production
Production on The Holiday began in Los Angeles, then moved to England for a month before completing filming back in California. Principal photography began in the Brentwood area on the Westside of Los Angeles, where real Santa Ana winds reportedly gave Meyers and her team a winter day as warm as scripted in the screenplay. Although Amanda's home is set in Brentwood, the exterior scenes at the gated property were actually filmed in front of Southern California architect Wallace Neff's Mission Revival house in San Marino, a suburb adjacent to Pasadena. Neff had built the house for his family in 1928. The interiors of Amanda's house were filmed at Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City. Other Los Angeles locations included Arthur's house in Brentwood and Miles's house, designed by Richard Neutra, which is situated on Neutra Place in L.A.'s Silver Lake area, near downtown.

The UK part of the film was partially shot in Godalming and Shere, a town and village in the county of Surrey in South East England that dates back to the 11th century. The cottage's exterior was constructed in a field adjacent to St James's Church in Shere. The production team had sourced a genuine cottage but it was located a considerable distance from London, where the crew was based, so they opted to construct one for filming. Filming began on January 4, 2006, and concluded on June 15, 2006. Charles Shyer directed Lohan and Franco's scenes for the fictional movie trailer made by Diaz's character.

Box office
The film opened at number three on the United States box office, raking in $12,778,913 in the weekend of December 8, 2006. Altogether, The Holiday made $63 million at the North American domestic box office, and $142 million at the international box office. The film grossed a total of $205,841,885, worldwide, against a production budget of $85 million, and an estimated advertising spend of $34 million. The Holiday became the twelfth highest-grossing film of the 2000s to be helmed by a female director.

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 50% based on 159 reviews with an average rating of 5.70/10. The site's critical consensus states "While it's certainly sweet and even somewhat touching, The Holiday is so thoroughly predictable that audiences may end up opting for an early check-out time." On Metacritic it has a score of 52 out of 100 based on reviews from 31 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave it a grade A−.

In her review for USA Today, Claudia Puig found that The Holiday "is a rare chick flick/romantic comedy that, despite its overt sentimentality and fairy-tale premise, doesn't feel cloyingly sweet." She felt that "much of the credit goes to inspired casting and the actors' chemistry." Carina Chocano, writing for the Los Angeles Times noted that "like a magic trick in reverse, The Holiday reveals the mechanics of the formula while trying to keep up the illusion." She complimented Winslet and Law's performances, but was critical toward Diaz, who she felt "strikes the off-note, but then you tend to think it's not her fault." Rex Reed from The New York Observer noted that "at least 90% of The Holiday is a stocking-stuffer from Tiffany's ... so loaded with charm that it makes you glow all over and puts a smile in your heart." While he felt that the final 15 minutes of film "diminish a lot of the film's good intentions," he added that Meyers had "created some hearth-cozy situations, written some movie-parody zingers, and provided Eli Wallach with his best role in years."

Somewhat less enthusiastic, Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly graded the film with a B− rating, summing it as a "cookie-cutter chick flick." He concluded that "it's a self-consciously old-fashioned premise, with too much sub-Bridget Jones dithering, but Nancy Meyers' dialogue has a perky synthetic sheen." Justin Chang from Variety wrote that while "Meyers' characters tend to be more thoughtful and self-aware (or at least more self-conscious) than most ... this overlong film isn't nearly as smart as it would like to appear, and it willingly succumbs to the very rom-com cliches it pretends to subvert." He added, that "in a spirited cast ... the Brits easily outshine their Yank counterparts. Winslet weeps and moans without sacrificing her radiance or sympathy, while the marginally less teary-eyed Law effortlessly piles on the charm in a role that will have some amusing resonances for tabloid readers." Ruthe Stein of the San Francisco Chronicle remarked that the film was "the most love-centric movie since Love Actually." She felt that The Holiday "has charming moments and a hopeful message for despondent singles, but it lacks the emotional resonance of Meyers' Something's Gotta Give (2003) and the zaniness of What Women Want (2000). Clocking in at 2 hours and 16 minutes, Holiday is ridiculously long for a romantic comedy and would benefit from losing at least a half-hour."

Soundtrack
The official soundtrack contains music by various artists, Heitor Pereira, and Hans Zimmer and was released on the Varèse Sarabande label.

 * 1) "Maestro" by Hans Zimmer - 3:53
 * 2) "Iris and Jasper" by Hans Zimmer and Lorne Balfe - 3:24
 * 3) "Kayak for One" by Ryeland Allison - 1:30
 * 4) "Zero" by Hans Zimmer and Atli Örvarsson - 2:44
 * 5) "Dream Kitchen" by Hans Zimmer and Henry Jackman - 1:35
 * 6) "Separate Vacations" by Hans Zimmer, Lorne Balfe and Imogen Heap - 1:47
 * 7) "Anything Can Happen" by Hans Zimmer and Heitor Pereira - 0:48
 * 8) "Light My Fire" by Hans Zimmer - 1:14
 * 9) "Definitely Unexpected" by Hans Zimmer and Lorne Balfe - 3:34
 * 10) "If I Wanted To Call You" by Hans Zimmer and Atli Örvarsson - 1:50
 * 11) "Roadside Rhapsody" by Hans Zimmer and Henry Jackman - 1:39
 * 12) "Busy Guy" by Hans Zimmer and Henry Jackman - 1:28
 * 13) "For Nancy" by Hans Zimmer, Atli Orvarsson and Lorne Balfe - 1:27
 * 14) "It's Complicated" by Hans Zimmer and Imogen Heap - 1:00
 * 15) "Kiss Goodbye" by Heitor Pereira and Herb Alpert - 2:33
 * 16) "Verso E Prosa" by Heitor Pereira - 1:59
 * 17) "Meu Passado" by Hans Zimmer, Henry Jackman and Lorne Balfe - 1:25
 * 18) "The 'Cowch'" by Hans Zimmer, Heitor Pereira, Lorne Balfe and Imogen Heap - 2:42
 * 19) "Three Musketeers" by Hans Zimmer, Heitor Pereira, Lorne Balfe and Imogen Heap - 2:44
 * 20) "Christmas Surprise" by Hans Zimmer and Lorne Balfe - 2:32
 * 21) "Gumption" by Hans Zimmer, Atli Orvarsson and Henry Jackman - 3:45
 * 22) "Cry" by Hans Zimmer, Lorne Balfe and Heitor Pereira - 2:39
 * 23) "It's a Shame" by The Spinners
 * 24) "You Send Me" by Aretha Franklin

 * In the video rental store, Miles (Jack Black) sings the theme tune of Driving Miss Daisy by "Hans". Hans Zimmer also composed and produced the score for The Holiday. Jack Black later spoofed the movie in Be Kind Rewind.
 * According to a radio interview on BBC Radio 1, the song "Kill the Director" by The Wombats was written about this film. From the lyrics "this is no Bridget Jones" and according to the radio interview, they hated the film, and hence decided to write a song about it.
 * The bar scene where Graham (Jude Law) enters looking for Amanda (Cameron Diaz), features "Let Go" by Frou Frou.

Rumored sequel
In December 2022, it was rumored that a sequel to The Holiday was in preproduction, with Cameron Diaz, Jude Law, Kate Winslet and Jack Black all signing on to reprise their roles from the original. However Meyers and Winslet both denied the rumor.

title: The Holiday


text:
Sarfati

Sarfati (צרפתי, ), variously transliterated and spelled Sarfatti, Sarphati, Serfaty, Sarfate, Sarfaty, Sarfity, Zarfati, Tsarfati, Tsarfaty, Tzarfati, Serfati, is a Sephardic Jewish surname.

The surname literally means "French", and is derived from the Biblical placename Tzarfat which in later times was identified in Jewish tradition as France. The term tzarfati was frequently applied in rabbinical literature to Jews of French birth or descent.

Origin
One account places the origin of the surname as being linked to Rashi by way of his grandson Rabbeinu Tam, but the connection, although anchored in the Ketubot traditions has never been fully proven due to a seven generations gap in the genealogy after Jews were expelled from France by Philippe le Bel in 1306.

At any case, numerous bearers of this name (whose ancestors came from France) lived in various parts of the Iberian Peninsula during the 14th-15th centuries: they appear in Spanish and Portuguese documents under the spellings Sarfati and Çarfati. During the 15th century and especially after the expulsion of Jews from these countries (1490s) some branches migrated from the Iberian Peninsula to North Africa, while others to the city of Rome and the Ottoman Empire.

List
Notable people with the surname include:

Sarfati

 * Diana Sarfati, New Zealand public health doctor and epidemiologist
 * Georges-Elia Sarfati, philosopher, linguist, poet, and an existentialist psychoanalyst
 * Jonathan Sarfati (born 1964), Australian–New Zealander chess player and creationist author
 * Lea Michele Sarfati (born 1986), American singer and actress, Broadway performer and star of TV show "Glee"
 * Lise Sarfati (born 1958), French photographer
 * Lydia Sarfati, Polish-born American esthetician, entrepreneur, consultant and author
 * Samuel Sarfati (died c. 1519), Italian physician to Popes Alexander VI and Julius II and leader of the Jewish community in Rome
 * Semah Sarfati (1624–1717) Tunisian rabbi who was chief rabbi of Tunisia
 * Sonia Sarfati (born 1960), French author and journalist
 * Tzedi Tzarfati (born 1941), Israeli television presenter and theatre director
 * Yitzhak Sarfati, 15th century Ottoman rabbi

Sarfatti

 * Anna Sarfatti (born 1950), Italian writer of children's books
 * Jack Sarfatti (born 1939), American theoretical physicist and writer
 * Margherita Sarfatti (1880–1961), Italian journalist and lover of Benito Mussolini
 * Riccardo Sarfatti (1940–2010), Italian architect and politician in Lombardy

Sarfate

 * Dennis Sarfate (born 1981), American baseball player

Sarfaty

 * Gretta Sarfaty Marchant (born 1947), British-Brazilian artist and curator
 * Perla Serfaty (born 1944), Moroccan-born French and Canadian academic, sociologist, psychosociologist, writer
 * Regina Sarfaty (born 1934), American operatic mezzo-soprano

Sarfatty

 * Bouena Sarfatty (1916–1997), Greek-Jewish World War II partisan and poet

Sarphati

 * Samuel Sarphati (1813–1866), Dutch physician and city planner

Serfaty

 * Abraham Serfaty (1926–2010), Moroccan dissident
 * Abraham Serfaty (Gibraltarian), former Mayor of Gibraltar
 * Christine Daure-Serfaty (1926–2014), French-Moroccan activist
 * Dan Serfaty (born 1966) is a French entrepreneur and businessman
 * Isaac Chocrón Serfaty (1930-2011), Venezuelan playwright
 * Rosalinda Serfaty (born 1969), Argentine-born Venezuelan actress
 * Sylvia Serfaty, French Mathematician, winner of the 2004 EMS Prize for her contributions to the Ginzburg–Landau theory
 * Willa Vasquez Serfaty, Gibraltarian artist

title: Sarfati


text:
Talk:Beirut–Rafic Hariri International Airport

Name of page
The official title of the airport is Rafic Hariri International Airport with a c and not a q. Somebody needs to move this. MEA707 06:53, 4 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah and remove the ridiculous "long vowel" marks. Or else we'll have to change each and every page dealing with an Arabic name. Petergee1 16:32, 5 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I put this page up for a move again to Rafic Hariri International Airport. Petergee1 08:52, 6 January 2007 (UTC)
 * The move has been completed. Thank you.--thunderboltz(Deepu) 06:48, 7 January 2007 (UTC)

Statistical error?
in the statistics table it says that 2004 saw 4,334,710 passengers come through the airport yet later on in the article it says "In 2004, the airport recorded a record 3.35 million passengers" which is a contradiction also to note is "The year 2005 is expected to be slightly lower as a result of the political instability in the country following Rafīq Hariri's assassination." which isn't cited and sound like opinion (212.100.216.214 13:08, 27 June 2007 (UTC))

the overall tone of the article
makes me very proud of the airport. I am of Lebanese origins and live abroad, however I have lived in Beirut most of my life. The airport has undergone alot of changes but after the 2005 assassination of Hariri and all the ensuing political turmoil pushed the airport back and I felt it the last time I was there. Reading about the future plans made me very happy, but I wish there were references! —Preceding unsigned comment added by A Gooner (talk • contribs) 01:21, 14 August 2010 (UTC)

Correct name is Rafic Hariri International Airport
Why was this page renamed Beirut International Airport? The airport was renamed to Rafic Hariri International Airport after Lebanese PM Rafic Hariri's assassination in 2005. Can an administrator please move it back? MEA707 05:58, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

I've requested the page be moved to the airport's official name as suggested above (see ). — George [ talk  ] 09:44, 16 August 2007 (UTC)

Like it or not, Rafic is the airport's name and the article should correspond. I made the edit to explain when the change was made and why Rafic is used instead of Rafik or Rafiq. It is the French transliteration and it is a Francophone country. Actually in Arabic it is not c, k, or q but one of those letters for which English has no counterpart. Godspeed John Glenn! Will 13:14, 16 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, that's the spelling I've requested the move to; Rafic. — George [ talk  ] 17:22, 16 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Agree Since the official name is "Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport," then it should be renamed. And the name "Rafic" is used on the airport's website so that must be the version of his name that is used.  Any other name for this aiport will be incorrect. Leitmanp 00:35, 17 August 2007 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

This article has been renamed as the result of a move request. --Stemonitis 11:41, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

Passenger Statistics
The passenger statistics listed for 2009 are not accurate. According to the latest figures, 3.7 million passengers used the airport 1/2010 to 8/2010, which, by extrapolation would mean probably just under 6 million passengers in 2010 (meaning 2009 could not have possibly surpassed 6 million). See: http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=3&article_id=119502

Wikiliki (talk) 16:32, 17 October 2010 (UTC)

Accidents and incidents
The Accidents and incidents section of the airport page does not contain any mention of the Israeli commando raid on 28 December 1968 that destroyed 14 aircraft. Reference can be made to the article about it titled 1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon.

 * Please sign your posts, thanks - I take it you didnt read the section "Israeli assault" which discusses the 1968 raid ? MilborneOne (talk) 11:59, 4 January 2015 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 26 May 2015
Reference 26: "TMA 1979 crash". Aviation-safety.net. 10 March 1966.

links to: http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19660310-1

Should be a link to: http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19790723-0

Reason for change: The current link is to a 1966 TMA accident and not the 1979 TMA accident

190.84.197.118 (talk) 14:19, 26 May 2015 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done Stickee (talk) 01:40, 27 May 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 4 one external links on Beirut–Rafic Hariri International Airport. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090327132649/http://www.finance.gov.lb/NR/rdonlyres/AAC9A924-B868-4D0B-84E7-6A6A13EDE9E3/0/ParisIIIFifthProgressreport.pdf to http://www.finance.gov.lb/NR/rdonlyres/AAC9A924-B868-4D0B-84E7-6A6A13EDE9E3/0/ParisIIIFifthProgressreport.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20130604104217/http://wwwdownload.thy.com/kargo/pdf/winter2012_2013.pdf to http://wwwdownload.thy.com/kargo/pdf/winter2012_2013.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20100114052752/http://www.mea.com.lb:80/MEA/English/TravelerInformation/BeirutInternationalAirport/BIA-Facilities.htm to http://www.mea.com.lb/MEA/English/TravelerInformation/BeirutInternationalAirport/BIA-Facilities.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070202082913/http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb:80/excel/2005-2/Yearly_Traffic_1990-2004.xls to http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/excel/2005-2/Yearly_Traffic_1990-2004.xls

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External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 4 one external links on Beirut–Rafic Hariri International Airport. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20120530065403/http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb:80/_Facilities.php? to http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/_Facilities.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20111005195737/http://beirutairport.gov.lb:80/_Services.php?PageID=39 to http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/_Services.php?PageID=39&StatisticsYear=2009
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20120224192534/http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/_Services.php?PageID=39 to http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/_Services.php?PageID=39&StatisticsYear=2010
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20120224192534/http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/_Services.php?PageID=39 to http://www.beirutairport.gov.lb/_Services.php?PageID=39&StatisticsYear=2011

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External links modified
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Semi-protected edit request on 2 June 2017
Request to add of external source http://monthlymagazine.com/article-desc_4387_ Rafic Hariri International Airport Traffic (2010-2016) - The Monthly Magazine WJm24 (talk) 10:34, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 3 June 2017
Request to add external link for further reading http://monthlymagazine.com/article-desc_4387_ Information-International (talk) 06:04, 3 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Padlock-silver-open.svg Not done: The page's protection level has changed since this request was placed. You should now be able to edit the page yourself. If you still seem to be unable to, please reopen the request with further details. DRAGON BOOSTER   ★  12:23, 3 June 2017 (UTC)

Contentious additions
I have noticed an ongoing edit war between User:Onlyeko and various other registered and unregistered users. The addition of said user is contentious, sourced from an article that discusses passenger congestion and gridlocks due to excessive security measures (or the lack of them). The information that said user is vehement on keeping is mentioned passingly in the article. Wikipedia guidelines on verifiability and source reliability clearly address similar cases; refer to WP:CONTEXTMATTERS. I have reviewed said user's contribution history and I am inclined to believe that he is on an agenda and his edits lean to underlining a certain world view with little regard to objectivity. I call to your attention also that said user's activity is bordering WP:OWNERSHIP of the article. Therefore I ask all editors to read the cited source and judge for themselves if a passing claim in an article that is NOT about the airport nor does it detail its operations is worth keeping and laying such a serious claim. On a second note, who is responsible for proving this passing claim. If it's published in 'the economist', passingly, should it pass as truth? Lastly, the current interior minister Rayya Hassan launched a project to decrease the number of security checks. She stated that the system revision will take full effect within 6 months (statement in May); the congestion due to security checks has already decreased. (ref) ~ Elias Z. (talkallam) 13:09, 20 August 2019 (UTC)
 * I'm not really sure if I can offer much in this discussion as I can't access the source provided (behind a paywall); irrespective of whether it is true or not, I will note that it should not be in the article's lead in its current form per MOS:LEAD (ie. it is not discussed anywhere else within the body of the article, and with something as contentious as that claim, it ought to be discussed in the body with a number of sources too). Perhaps could elucidate? —MelbourneStar ☆ talk  13:43, 20 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Also, The Economist articles are carry no by-line by policy, and this specific article seems very off-handed. I added a Template:Dubious link, hoping that can provide a additional references for such a huge claim. I would also repeat User:MelbourneStar's point: it is not clear what an airport being controlled by a political party actually means, and such a claim belongs if it is true, would require its own section. — Majdal.cc (talk) 14:29, 20 August 2019 (UTC)
 * Firstly, I’ll add the paragraph from the source article:

"Some airports have competing security services. Beirut’s main airport is mostly controlled by Hizbullah, the Shia militia that dominates southern Lebanon. But as befits the country’s tortuously sectarian system of government, various groups have a foothold. Security agencies controlled by Sunni Muslims and Maronite Christians have their own x-ray machines and lines of control. The ensuing duplication leads to one of the airport’s hallmarks: gridlocked queues."
 * Secondly, it seems my addition will only be accepted if i add additional citations. Therefore, I will pursue this path. Onlyeko (talk) 02:36, 21 August 2019 (UTC)
 * I will remove this addition, meanwhile go read WP:MOSLEAD and figure out a way to comply with MOS and a place in this article where this addition, including the dubious tag is appropriate (i.e. not in the lead section). ~ Elias Z. (talkallam) 05:35, 21 August 2019 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 30 June 2024
At the very bottom of the “History” section, at the very end, you guys have it written that Lebanese officials invited diplomats to come inspect Beirut airport, and then you go on to write that “but prevented them from inspecting the cargo boxes where the weapons were claimed to be.” This is a flat out lie, first of all. Second, if this were even true, why is there no source for it? Please fix this immediately. 67.83.150.142 (talk) 02:29, 30 June 2024 (UTC)
 * ✅ Fixed the claim about "inspecting cargo boxes" as well as only journalists being prevented access – macaddct1984 (talk | contribs) 13:29, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

2024 Entry: Biased Language
Utilizes biased language and unreliable sources. Takes Telegraph report as fact and does not include Lebanese sources. 213.204.72.82 (talk) 09:56, 9 July 2024 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Vislble light

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was : turned into redirect to Light. Hext time be bold. mikka (t) 18:59, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

Vislble light
Virtually no content. That which there is should be in Light The Land 14:15, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * As stated. The Land 14:15, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this garbage. --DrTorstenHenning 14:16, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, confused article with substantive content already present in Light. -- Sliggy 17:47, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nathan Jacob Samuels

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE.  Rob e  rt  00:12, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Nathan Jacob Samuels
Hoax page; subject of the article does not exist. Google gives 31 hits, all from Wikipedia or its mirrors, while "Nathan Jacob Samuels" cricket gives the same. Loganberry (Talk) 14:15, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete hoax, confirmed by this Sam Vimes 15:29, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: hoax as per nom. Vivenot 15:48, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as above. Stephen Turner 15:50, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as hoax, subject is non-existent. Hall Monitor 19:26, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dane Stern

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE.  Rob e  rt  00:11, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Dane Stern
Hoax page; subject of the article does not exist. Google gives 346 hits, but "Dane Stern" cricket gives only two, neither relevant. Loganberry (Talk) 14:15, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete hoax, confirmed by this Sam Vimes 15:29, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't see how that gives confirmation; the only thing it shows is that there is a Dane Stern other than the person discussed here - whether he is a hoax or not. - Andre Engels 08:44, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah, probably should have specified. There have been three probable hoaxes added by the people in that class - see also Nathan Jacob Samuels and Joshua Milston, who, I believe, are both mentioned in that document Sam Vimes 08:59, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: hoax as per nom.Vivenot 15:50, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as above. Stephen Turner 15:52, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as hoax. Hall Monitor 19:25, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless confirmation is given. No speedy. - Andre Engels 08:44, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Crazyfellow

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Ashenai 14:16, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
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New nonsense articles, other test stuff
Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. --Ashenai 14:16, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Crazyfellow


text:
Try!

Try! is the first live album by the John Mayer Trio. It was recorded at the House of Blues, Chicago, Illinois and released by Columbia Records on November 22, 2005. The album was nominated for Best Rock Album at the 49th Annual Grammy Awards. The artwork for the album was done by Seattle graphic design firm, Ames Bros.

Production
The trio features John Mayer (guitar/lead vocals), Pino Palladino (bass), and Steve Jordan (drums/backup vocals). Unlike previous efforts by John Mayer, Try! focuses on popular blues renditions rather than adult-contemporary pop songs. The CD includes two cover songs, "Wait Until Tomorrow" by Jimi Hendrix, and "I Got a Woman" by Ray Charles; two songs from Mayer's previous album, Heavier Things, "Daughters" and "Something's Missing"; and also showcased two songs from Mayer's then forthcoming album, Continuum, "Vultures" and "Gravity".

Reception
Critical response to the album was mixed, with most critics being impressed with Mayer's progression and Palladino and Jordan's musicianship, while still being underwhelmed. Christian Hoard of Rolling Stone said, "over most of these sixty-three minutes [of the album], Mayer proves he can bowl you over, not just make your knees weak", ultimately giving the album three out of five stars. Katy Hastey of Billboard found that "while "Try!" is brimming with talent, it's not consistently compelling." People magazine praised the album, concluding, "Here's hoping Mayer keeps this new groove going for his next solo disc."

Personnel

 * Musicians
 * John Mayer – vocals, guitar, production, art direction, graphic design
 * Steve Jordan – drums, backing vocals, production
 * Pino Palladino – bass, backing vocals
 * Chalmers Alford – guitar on track 11
 * Additional personnel
 * Ames Bros. – art direction, graphic design
 * Danny Clinch – photography
 * Michael Caulfield – photography

 * Production personnel
 * John Alagia – additional production
 * Roger Moutenot – Pro Tools engineering
 * Chris Nelson – additional engineering
 * Hardi Kamsani – additional engineering
 * Joel Singer – additional engineering
 * Peter Gary – additional engineering
 * Joe Ferla – mixing, recording on tracks 3 and 10
 * Chad Franscoviak – recording on all tracks except 3 and 10
 * Greg Calbi – mastering

title: Try!


text:
User talk:BigKwell

Welcome to Wikipedia, BigKwell! I appreciate your help with the Gunsmith Cats article. However, please don't put wikilink brackets around character names if those characters are unlikely to ever have articles of their own. Also, a given term is usually only linked the first time it appears in an article. Thanks. DenisMoskowitz 14:17, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:BigKwell


text:
Comblanchien

Comblanchien is a commune just to the south of Nuits-Saint-Georges in the Côte-d'Or department in eastern France.

Geology
Comblanchien lies in the Côte d'Or escarpment. The Jurassic limestone of the Côte includes a pink-veined marble called Pierre de Comblanchien which was laid down in the Bathonian epoch.

The stone has characteristics similar to those of marble and is notable for the variety of its shades of colour, the pink of bindweed (Convolvulus) and beige. Its veining harmonizes with any decorative style. It is not susceptible to frost damage, is fine-grained and capable of accepting a polish. It may be slippery if used polished, as a flooring. Its most notable use was in l'Opéra in Paris.

The quarries lie in the Côte overlooking Route Nationale 74, north and south of the village and similar stones are found in other places along the same vein.

History
During World War II Comblanchien was severely hit by the Germans. The resistance was strong here, which led the Germans to retaliate. On August 21, 1944, much of the village was destroyed and eight people killed by Nazi forces.

Winemaking
Wine produced from the vineyards surrounding Comblanchien can be labelled under the Côte de Nuits Villages appellation.

title: Comblanchien


text:
Battle of Boyra

The Battle of Boyra was a ground and aerial battle that was fought on 22 November 1971 between the India and Pakistan.

The Pakistani Army was engaged in combat against the Mukti Bahini (Bengali guerrilla fighters) and a division-sized detachment of the Indian Army during the Battle of Garibpur as part of the Bangladesh Liberation War. Pakistani ground forces requested air cover and close air support from the Pakistan Air Force (PAF). The PAF aircraft provided support to the Pakistani ground units. A detachment of four Folland Gnats was moved to Dum Dum (Kolkata Airport) from its parent base at Kalaikunda, near Kharagpur, over 100 km southwest, to intercept the Pakistan Air Force aircraft. The detachment was commanded by Flight Lieutenant Roy Andrew Massey.

The battle is significant as it was the first engagement between the air forces of India and Pakistan during the war and is seen as a culmination of the Battle of Garibpur in which the Mitro Bahini (the alliance of Mukti Bahini and Indian Armed Forces was named as Mitro Bahini meaning Allied Forces in Bengali) at battalion strength successfully invaded and captured area along the Garibpur.

Both sides suffered casualties during the battle, which also took place before the formal start of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.

Background
After months of internal tensions in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) leading up to the 1971 Bangladesh genocide and a clampdown on Bengali nationalists, many independence fighters had organised themselves into a guerilla army. Called the Mukti Bahini, the rebels were aided by India in their struggle by supply of constant arms training as well as serving Indian Army officers who fought alongside Mukti Bahini. After initial success over Pakistani troops, there had been some relative calm in the region, and further Indian assistance was sought to turn the tide. Economically burdened by nearly 10 million Bangladeshi refugees,  India thus started to involve itself deeper into the conflict brewing in the east and stationed its troops near the border.

The Boyra salient, in the north-western East Pakistan, consisted of Garibpur and was at an important crossroads for both nations. Its control was thus vital, as it included a highway to Jessore from India.

On 21 November, the 14 Punjab Battalion, supported by PT-76 tanks from 45 Cavalry and the Mukti Bahini, moved in to capture the areas around Garibpur inside the Pakistani territory. The move was supposed to be a surprise, but a skirmish with patrol troops of both armies the previous day had caused Pakistan to be alerted to the impending attack. Pakistan immediately retaliated with its infantry battalion supported by 3rd Independent Armoured Squadron, equipped with M24 Chaffee light tanks was launched. Retaining the infantry and the recoilless rifles in a defensive position, the tanks were sent forward to ambush the oncoming Pakistani charge. In the next couple of hours, Indian troops resisted the Pakistani attack since Pakistan could not pinpoint the source of attacks because of poor visibility by fog. Undeterred, Pakistan tanks and infantry were thrown into an offensive against Indian defensive positions in a frontal assault. The resulting battle is now famous as the Battle of Garibpur.

As Pakistani troops were unable to dislodge entrenched enemy, the Mitro Bahini and the Indian Army, the Pakistani Army called in close air support. The Pakistani Air Force Contingent in Dhaka responded by launching several sorties of Canadair Sabre Mk6s from the morning of 22 November 1971, which set the stage for the Battle of Boyra.

Order of Battle
The Pakistan Air Force unit involved was No 14. Squadron Tail-choppers, which had on strength 16 Canadair Sabre Mk6s. They were the Canadair-built versions of the F-86 Sabre that were upgraded with AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles and powered by the more powerful Avro Canada Orenda engine. The Sabres were smuggled into Pakistan through a clandestine deal that was organised between West Germany and Iran The Squadron was commanded by Flight Lieutenant Parvaiz Mehdi Qureshi, who later rose to become the Chief of the Air Force, a role in which he was famous for his forthright and straight-faced dealings where he looked after the interests of the PAF.

The reason for the relatively-junior Flight Lieutenant Qureshi being appointed to command a squadron, which is usually commanded by a squadron leader, is unknown. However, it was common for Bengalis in the Pakistan Armed Forces to defect and to join the Mukti Bahini or to be grounded or removed from positions of authority during the war because of suspected loyalty and so that was a likely reason.

The Indian Air Force unit involved was No. 22 Squadron IAF Swifts and was equipped with the diminutive Folland Gnat. The squadron was based in Kalaikunda Air Force Station and tasked with the air defence of the Calcutta Sector. A detachment was stationed at Dum Dum Airfield in Calcutta. The unit was under the command of Wing Commander BS Sikand, who later rose to the rank of air marshal.

Although the Canadair Sabre Mk 6 was widely regarded as the best dogfighter of its era, tactics called for Gnats taking on the Sabres in the vertical arena, where the Sabres were at a disadvantage. Moreover, because the Gnat was lightweight and compact in shape, visibility was poor, especially at the low levels at which most of the dogfights took place.

Battle
The PAF aircraft were providing support the Pakistan Army ground units near the border area in Garibpur. The first of four Sabres were picked up in the Jessore area on Indian radar at 0811 hours. No.22 Squadron scrambled four Gnats from Dum Dum. A second raid by the Pakistanis followed at 1028 hours. An interception again could not be carried out in time, and the Sabres escaped to safety.

At around 1448 hours, the radar picked up the three Sabres as they pulled up in a north-westerly direction to about 2000 ft above ground level. Within a minute, the ORP at Dum Dum was scrambled. Four Gnats took off by 1451 hours led by the formation leader, Flight Lieutenant Roy Andrew Massey. Less than three minutes earlier, the Sabres had been detected by the radar.

The fighter controller in the sector was Flying Officer KB Bagchi, who vectored the Gnats to the Sabres and directed the interception. The Sabres had already carried out several attack runs during the eight minutes that it took the Gnats to reach the Boyra Salient and were starting to start another dive. They were at about 1800 ft altitude and were diving down to 500 ft in an attack run.

The four Gnats separated into two sections and dived into the attack to bounce the Sabres. The first section of Gnats was of Massey and Flying Officer SF Soarez as his wingman. The second section consisted of Flight Lieutenant M A Ganapathy and Flying Officer D Lazarus. As the Gnats dived in, a section of two Sabres pulled out of the attack and placed themselves in an awkward position, just in front of Ganapathy and Lazarus. Both pilots opened fire with 30 mm autocannon fire, and both the Sabres were badly damaged. Ganapathy called out on the R/T, the Brevity code for "Murder Murder Murder". The Pakistani pilots (Parvaiz Mehdi Qureshi and Khaleel Ahmed) ejected over Boyra and parachuted down safely but were taken as prisoners-of-war. The wreckage of the abandoned Sabres fell near the village of Bongaon, in India.

Simultaneously, Massey pulled up over Ganapathy and Lazarus to latch onto another Sabre. The Sabre pilot, Wing Commander Chaudhury, in a skilful dogfighting move broke into Massey's attack and forced him to take a high angle-off burst, which missed his target. After manoeuvring back into firing position and taking aim, Massey let off another burst at 700 yd and hit him in the port wing. By then, Massey's starboard cannon had stopped firing, but the Sabre streaked back into Pakistani territory and billowed smoke and fire. Massey realised that he was well over East Pakistani airspace in his chase and turned around and regrouped with the rest of his formation, which then proceeded back to base. Early on, it was thought that the badly-damaged Sabre must have crashed soon afterward, but after the war, reports confirmed that Massey's victim, Wing Commander Chaudhury, showing considerable courage, had managed to fly his Sabre back to Tezgaon Airfield, outside Dhaka. Chaudhury claimed that he had shot down one of the Gnats, but Indian officials claimed that no aircraft were lost in the battle.

Aftermath
The action took place in front of thousands of people and became one of the most enduring moments of the Bangladesh Liberation War and made all four Indian pilots instant celebrities in India and Bangladesh overnight. Their pictures are gun camera images (see external images) of the flaming sabres and those of the PAF prisoners-of-war were widely circulated by the media in the world.

 * The Indian pilots were each awarded the Vir Chakra. The Fighter Controller Fg Offr KB Bagchi was awarded Vayusena Medal. Wg. Cdr. Sikand was awarded the Ati Vishisht Seva Medal (AVSM).
 * Roy Andrew Massey would later command No. 224 Squadron of the IAF, which operated MiG-23MF. He died in a Mig-23 Crash from bird strike in November 1983 almost exactly 12 years later.
 * Donald Lazarus went on to become the commanding officer of the No. 102 Squadron of the IAF (The Trisonics), which operated India's top-secret Mig-25s Mach 3 Reconnaissance aircraft. He attained the final rank of group captain (colonel) He later gave up his career and opted for early retirement to answer the call of God and served as a councillor and later director of Christian Mission Service (CMS), based in Coonoor, which mainly cares for destitute and orphaned children.
 * MA Ganapathy died in service; beset with personal family problems, he committed suicide.
 * Parvaiz Mehdi Qureshi would later go on to be the CAS of the PAF, a role in which he was famous for his forthright and straight-faced dealings. He looked after the interests of the PAF and prevented it from getting drawn into the Kargil War according to the wishes of General Pervez Musharraf and thus prevented that conflict from escalating, which may have resulted in nuclear war.
 * Tezgaon Airfield was subjected to a severe offensive campaign by the IAF and was rendered inoperable by the third day after the formal declaration of war on 3 December 1971.

title: Battle of Boyra


text:
Bury, Cambridgeshire

Bury is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England. Bury lies approximately 7 mi north/north east of Huntingdon and is near to Ramsey and St Ives. Bury is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England.

History
Bury and Hepmangrove, under the name of Bury-cum-Hepmangrove, appear to have originally been separate manors but were united for certain purposes before the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1538.

Known as:
 * Biri, Byrig (10th century),
 * Byri (12th century),
 * Byry (13th century).
 * Hegmangrave (11th century),
 * Hecmundegrave (12th century),
 * Heitmundgrave,
 * Hetumgrove, Heytmongrave (14th century).

The parish lies to the South of Ramsey and is of a very irregular shape, projecting a considerable distance into the fen on the east side of the road from Ramsey to St Ives. The land rises on both sides of the Brook which runs through the parish from north-east to south-west from 16 feet above ordnance datum at the Brook to 66 ft. on the north-east side, and 50 ft. on the south-west. All of the fenland and much of the highland is ploughed. The soil is a strong black loam and the sub-soil is clay. The main crops are wheat, oats, beans and peas on the highland, and potatoes, celery, sugar-beet and ordinary cereals on the fenland.

Originally, Bury was a chapelry of Wistow but by 1178 it became the parish with the village of "Wistow" as its chapelry. (However, Wistow regained its separate identity by 1351). Bury also gained Upwood, and Little Raveley until a separate ecclesiastical parish was formed in 1746. Bury also gained part of Ramsey parish in the 16th century at the Dissolution.

Hepmangrove seems originally to have been connected with the Ramsey parish, and the brook running through the village of Bury formed the boundary between it and Bury. From the deeds relating to the tenements and lands situated within its boundaries, before the Dissolution, it appears to have been a populous suburb of Ramsey. Both Bury and Hepmangrove lay within the banlieu.

Bury and Hepmangrove now forms one village. They still retain several 17th-century half-timbered thatched or tiled cottages, some of which have been refaced with brick, but most of the houses are of brick with slate or tile roofs. The former ancient stone bridge of one arch which crossed the Brook was replaced in 1925 by a wider bridge. The north-west side of the bridge is in Hepmangrove, in which the greater part of the village lies. The former railway station of Ramsey was originally in Bury parish, but current boundaries have shrunk back.

Government
As a civil parish, Bury has a parish council. The parish council is elected by the residents of the parish who have registered on the electoral roll; the parish council is the lowest tier of government in England. A parish council is responsible for providing and maintaining a variety of local services including allotments and a cemetery; grass cutting and tree planting within public open spaces such as a village green or playing fields. The parish council reviews all planning applications that might affect the parish and makes recommendations to Huntingdonshire District Council, which is the local planning authority for the parish. The parish council also represents the views of the parish on issues such as local transport, policing and the environment. The parish council raises its own tax to pay for these services, known as the parish precept, which is collected as part of the Council Tax. The parish council consists of nine councillors and normally meets on the first Wednesday of the month in the village hall.

Bury was in the historic and administrative county of Huntingdonshire until 1965. From 1965, the village was part of the new administrative county of Huntingdon and Peterborough. Then in 1974, following the Local Government Act 1972, Bury became a part of the county of Cambridgeshire.

The second tier of local government is Huntingdonshire District Council which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire and has its headquarters in Huntingdon. Huntingdonshire District Council has 52 councillors representing 29 district wards. Huntingdonshire District Council collects the council tax, and provides services such as building regulations, local planning, environmental health, leisure and tourism. Bury is a part of the district ward of 'Warboys and Bury' and is represented on the district council by two councillors. District councillors serve for four-year terms following elections to Huntingdonshire District Council.

For Bury the highest tier of local government is Cambridgeshire County Council which has administration buildings in Cambridge. The county council provides county-wide services such as major road infrastructure, fire and rescue, education, social services, libraries and heritage services. Cambridgeshire County Council consists of 69 councillors representing 60 electoral divisions. Bury is a part of the electoral division of 'Warboys and Upwood' and is represented on the county council by one councillor. County councillors serve for four-year terms following elections to Cambridgeshire County Council.

At Westminster, Bury is in the parliamentary constituency of North West Cambridgeshire, and elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Bury is represented in the House of Commons by Shailesh Vara (Conservative). Shailesh Vara has represented the constituency since 2005. The previous member of parliament was Brian Mawhinney (Conservative) who represented the constituency between 1997 and 2005.

Population
In the period 1801 to 1901 the population of Bury was recorded every ten years by the UK census. During this time the population was in the range of 224 (the lowest was in 1801) and 414 (the highest was in 1851).

From 1901, a census was taken every ten years with the exception of 1941 (due to the Second World War).

All population census figures from report Historic Census figures Cambridgeshire to 2011 by Cambridgeshire Insight.

In 2011, the parish covered an area of 1468 acre and so the population density for Bury in 2011 was 801.3 persons per square mile (309.4 per square kilometre).

Education
Bury School was founded in about 1845 on land in Bury High Street and built by the generosity of Lady Olivia Bernard Sparrow. An entry in the Hunts. Gazetteer (dated 1854) states: "Small mixed school in parish, supported by Lady O. B. Sparrow at whose expense the pretty little school house was built. Catherine McCrobie is the mistress".

In 1970 it was rebuilt with two classrooms, a hall, offices and a kitchen facilities on its present site in Owls End, following a successful lobby against its proposed closure in 1966 due to low pupil numbers.

The school opened its new doors on 5 January 1971 and had 69 pupils on roll. Almost immediately a third classroom was needed as pupil numbers rose in line with a general local trend and in the following years two further mobile classrooms were added.

During the early 1990s it again outgrew its accommodation and an extensive building program commenced in September 1992. This was completed during the following Summer and the new extension, providing a second larger hall, two further classrooms, office and an updated kitchen, was dedicated by The Bishop of Huntingdon on the 18 October 1993.

During the academic year 2003–2004 a further extension took place, with a two classroom extension, new office and extensive work outside completed.

The school now has a roll of around 210 pupils, and is a Church of England Voluntary Assisted school. In 2013 it converted at an Academy as the inaugural member of the Diocese of Ely Multi Academy Trust (DEMAT).

Religious sites
The church of Holy Cross is built of rubble with Barnack stone dressings and the roofs are covered with slates and tiles. It consists of a chancel (27 ft. by 14½ ft.), nave (48 ft. by 19½ ft.), a north aisle (7½ ft. wide), west tower (11 ft. by 10 ft.), and formerly a western chapel (about 35 ft. by 21½ ft.)

An early 12th-century church which stood here probably consisted only of a chancel and nave; the east and west walls of the nave of this church survive. Early in the 13th century the north aisle with its nave arcade was added and in the middle of the same century the western tower was built. Possibly owing to defects in the foundations, the north wall of the north aisle was rebuilt in the 14th century. About 1400, considerable alterations were again made, the chancel and south wall of the nave were rebuilt and new windows inserted in the north aisle. Towards the end of the 15th century, the large chapel west of the tower was built, possibly as a Lady Chapel. The chancel was shortened by about 13 ft., probably in the 16th century, as may be seen by the remains of two windows at the eastern angles of the church. The porch was built and the church restored in 1889.

The chancel has a modern east window of three lights. There is a re-set piscina on the south side of the window and in the north wall are two lockers, one over the other. The eastern window on the south side is of the 15th century, of two cinquefoiled lights under a quatrefoiled spandrel in a four-centred head. The western window on this side and that opposite to it are of the date of the rebuilding of about 1400. They are each of one cinquefoiled light which has been carried down below a transom to form a low-side window. In both cases the low-side window retains its shutter, but on the north side this has been plastered internally. The window on the north side has some glass contemporary with the rebuilding of about 1400 which consists of quarries and a border of crowns. Between the windows on the south side is a 15th-century doorway with a four-centred head. The chancel arch belongs to the early 12th-century church. It is semi-circular, of two bold moulded orders springing from half-round shafts with richly carved capitals and moulded bases. The 15th-century rood screen is of five bays. The open panels above have trefoiled ogee heads and the close panels below have cinquefoiled heads with carved foliated spandrels. The screen was formerly in a dilapidated condition and was repaired by the Rev. A. R. Pain with his own hands, after he was appointed to the living in 1845.

The north arcade of three bays is a good specimen of early 13th-century work. It has two-centred arches springing from octagonal piers with stiff-leaved capitals and moulded bases. The present windows were inserted in the south wall in the 15th century. The mid-13th-century arch of the south doorway was reset from the old wall. Beside it is a stoup which was found in rebuilding the bridge over the brook in the village in 1925. The clearstory, with its three windows on each side, was apparently added about 1400 when the south wall was built. The west doorway with the walls on either side also formed a part of the early 12th-century church. The arch is of three orders, the two outer of which have roll mouldings resting on jamb shafts with moulded bases and carved capitals. The doorway has a tympanum formed of square stones set diamondwise. The early 14th-century lectern at the east end of the nave is a rare example of its kind. It is of oak, carved in the front with five trefoiled arches, at one side with a trefoiled ogee-headed opening and on the other with oak leaves. The desk has a design of foliage. The pulpit is modern. There is a considerable number of plain oak seats of early 16th-century date. There is an early 17th-century oak chest in the church.

The windows in the north aisle are all a part of the rebuilding of about 1400. Each has two cinquefoiled lights in a square head and each contains some original glass. The north doorway is of a little earlier date and belongs to the rebuilding of the north wall in the 14th century. Remains of the old roof appear below the plaster. At the west end of the aisle is the font dating from about 1200. The bowl was originally square, but the angles have been cut off to form an octagon. It stands on a drum pedestal resting on a square base.

The west tower is of curious construction. It is of three stages with an embattled parapet with large gargoyles at three of the angles. On the north, south and west sides of the ground stage are two-centred arches, springing from corbels, which were originally open. On the east side is the west doorway of the nave. The western arch became the entrance to the west chapel, but it and the openings on the north and south have been blocked in modern times. The second stage has on each face except the east a long lancet window, and the bell chamber, which has a stone roof, has two lancet windows on each face.

All that now remains of the late 15th-century west chapel is its east end, which is built of ashlar faced stone. On each side of the archway into the tower is a 15th-century niche with a mutilated tabernacle over it. The remains of a window may be seen at the eastern end of both the north and south walls.

There are monuments in nave to Elizabeth West (died 1842), Thomas Whiston M.A. who succeeded his father in the curacy of this parish in 1793 (died 1803); Isaac Slack who served in the 2nd Batt. Royal Rifles and was killed in the Boer War 1899–1902; and on the east wall a marble slab with the names of thirteen parishioners who were killed in the Great War. There are three bells. The first bears the inscription 'C and G. Mears founders London 1853.' The second is a 14th-century bell with inscription 'Ave Maria,' probably by John and William Rofford, and the third bears the inscription 'Charles Newman made mee 1700. W. Baker T. Robinson.'

The churchyard, formerly used as the burial place for the parishes of Wistow, Upwood and Little Raveley, has been lately enlarged. As late as 1877 the portion at the south-east corner, in which the bodies from Little Raveley were buried, was still fenced off from the rest of the churchyard by a hedge.

In 1086 there was a church at Wistow which probably served its berewicks of Bury and Little Raveley. As, however, the town of Ramsey grew in the 12th century, the inconvenience of a parish altar in the monastic church led, we may suppose, to the building of a chapel subordinate to Wistow at Bury and near to the town of Ramsey. This chapel, which is described as "situated next the monastery where your (the abbot's) servants hear divine service", was confirmed to the abbot of Ramsey by papal bull dated 26 April 1139. From architectural evidence this confirmation was made probably very shortly after the church was built. Before 1178 Bury had become the parish church with Wistow and Little Raveley as its chapelries. By 1199 the chapel of Upwood had been attached to Bury. All parishioners of Bury and its chapelries were buried in Bury churchyard and the church of Bury took the great tithes. Wistow, however, was granted rights of burial in 1351 when it became a rectory.

Bury being within the banlieu of Ramsey, where the abbots had episcopal rights, the abbots, as patrons, collated to the church without presentation to the bishop. After the Dissolution, the advowson followed the descent of the manor; the lords of the manor claimed the church as a donative and the incumbents were described as curates. In 1868 the lord of the manor relinquished the right to a donative but retained the patronage, thus making the living a rectory. The Duke of Manchester is the present patron. In Bacon's Liber Regis (1534–5) there is reference to the church of St Mary of Hepmangrove, and a tradition exists that there was formerly a church there. In the Valor Ecclesiasticus (1535) the chapel of the Blessed Mary of Redybone is mentioned (iv, 272), and in 1538 we have references to the churchyard of Our Lady of Bury and Our Lady's Gild at Redebourn, and also the churchyard of St Mary of Bury. The church of Bury being dedicated to the Holy Cross, it may, perhaps, be suggested that the churchyard, chapel and gild of Our Lady relate to the chapel at the west end of Bury church, built possibly to serve the inhabitants of Hepmangrove, and that Redebourn may be an alternative name for Hepmangrove.

Manor
At the time of our earliest evidence relating to Bury, it was a berewick or out-lying district probably with a separate organisation, attached to Wistow or Kingston and formed part of the grant by Oswald, Archbishop of York to Ramsey Abbey, about 974.

Some time before 1178, when Pope Alexander granted a confirmation to Ramsey Abbey, Bury had become the head of this holding, and Wistow and Raveley were berewicks to it. Shortly after this date, at all events before 1252, Bury, Wistow and Raveley had become separate manors. Bury and Hepmangrove, under the name of Bury cum Hepmangrove, appear to have been united for certain purposes before the dissolution of Ramsey.

After the Dissolution, however, they were granted on 4 March 1539–40, as separate manors, to Richard Williams (alias Cromwell) and followed the descent of Ramsey until 1662, when Henry Williams and Anne his wife granted the manor of Bury cum Hepmangrove to John Bambridge. In 1675 the manor was apparently settled by William Maynard and Mary his wife, Nicholas Buckeridge and Sarah his wife and Simon Dyott and Jane his wife, and in the following year the same parties conveyed it to Sir John Bernard, bart., of Brampton. In the latter conveyance there is a warranty by the three ladies and their heirs who may have been the coheirs of Bambridge. From the date of the sale to Sir John Bernard the manor has passed with that of the Bernards' seat at Brampton Park. The Duke of Manchester is the present owner.

The earliest reference to Hepmangrove is in the statutes of Abbot Aldwin (1091–1102) under which the profits from the manor were assigned to the cellarer of Ramsey Abbey for finding and mending the utensils of the refectory, bakehouse and brewhouse. From a survey of the time of Henry I, three tenants each rendered one or two bolls of honey. During the 13th and 14th centuries, much of the land in Hepmangrove was granted for religious purposes. In 1352 Philip de Clarvaux gave lands, the profits of which were to be expended in prayers for his own soul, and those of Emma his wife and his ancestors. In 1307 John de Lincoln, parson of the church of Cranfield, and others, granted lands there and in Ramsey and Bury for finding tapers to burn before the tomb of St Ivo of Ramsey in the Abbey church. Other lands were given by Henry Malpas in 1396 for the maintenance of the Lady Chapel in the Abbey church, then newly built. We have an instance here of a family arrangement, not perhaps infrequent in the 14th century. In 1362 William de Morton conveyed lands in Hepmangrove formerly belonging to Richard de Morton, possibly his father, to Thomas de Caunville and Fina his wife. Thomas dealt with the property in 1372–5, and in 1389 conveyed his lands to John his son and Alice his wife, and their children. By this deed provision was made that Thomas should have the best chamber in their house at Hepmangrove, and should board and have an allowance of 20s. a year, which allowance was to be increased to 40s. should he not approve of the board provided for him.

The manor remained with Ramsey Abbey till the Dissolution, when it was granted with Ramsey and Bury on 4 March 1539–40 to Richard Williams (alias Cromwell) and then has followed the descent of the manor of Bury.

Sports and Bury Fen
Bury Fen is located just a few miles outside of St Ives, between Bluntisham and Earith, and is the birthplace of bandy, now an IOC accepted sport. According to documents from 1813 Bury Fen Bandy Club was undefeated for 100 years. A member of the club, Charles Goodman Tebbutt, wrote down the first official rules in 1882 (the modern rules are mostly English, with Russian elements). He was also contributing a lot to spreading the sport to many countries.

Great Britain Bandy Association is based in Bury and there are now plans for activity on the ice in England again, to begin with in the form of rink bandy.

title: Bury, Cambridgeshire


text:
Tamori

Kazuyoshi Morita (森田 一義), known by his stage name Tamori (タモリ) (an anagram of his surname), is a Japanese television celebrity. Known for his trademark dark sunglasses, Tamori is one of the "big three" television comedians in Japan along with Takeshi Kitano (a.k.a. Beat Takeshi) and Sanma Akashiya.

Since taking over the role in April 1987, Tamori has hosted the weekly music television program Music Station for over 34 years. For 32 years he hosted Waratte Iitomo!, a nationally televised live show broadcast every weekday at noon from October 1982 until March 2014. Waratte Iitomo! earned Tamori the Guinness World Record for "Longest continued hosting of a live television program", while Music Station earned him the world record for "Longest running live TV music show hosted by the same presenter" in 2021. His likeness is the basis for the Piranha Plant in All Night Nippon Super Mario Bros..

Current

 * Music Station (TV Asahi) (April 1987–present)
 * Bura Tamori (Strolling with Tamori) (NHK General TV) (December 2008, October 2009–March, 2010, October 2010–March 2011, April 2014–present)
 * Yonimo Kimyō na Monogatari (Fuji TV) (April–September 1990, January–December 1991, April–September 1992, and Spring & Autumn special editions every year since 1994 except spring 2006)
 * FNS no hi (Fuji TV) (every July, 1992–present)

Past

 * Ethica no Kagami (Fuji TV) (October 2008–September 2010)
 * Tamori's Japonica Logos (Fuji TV) (October 2005 – September 2008)
 * Special Drama: Murder case of Akiko Wada (TBS) (February 2007)
 * Hey! Spring of Trivia (Fuji TV) (July 2003 – September 2006)
 * Tamori, Takeshi, Sanma, Big 3 Golf Match (Fuji TV) (New year program on 1988, 1989, 1991–1994, 1996–1999)
 * Tamori's Vocabula Tengoku (Fuji TV) (October 1992 – March 1997)
 * Tamori no Picross (St.GIGA Satellaview) (August 1995 – March 1996)
 * Tamori's Music is the World (TV Tokyo) (September 1994 – March 1996)
 * Tamori's Gap don (TV Tokyo) (September–Decemober 1994)
 * Drama: If Moshimo (Fuji TV) (April–September 1993)
 * Special Drama : Self dropout (TBS) (April 1990)
 * Kon'ya wa Saikō ~WHAT A FANTASTIC NIGHT!~) (NTV) (April 1981 – October 1989)
 * Amazing Small Universe: Human body (NHK General) (June & September 1989)
 * Watching (NHK General) (April 1985 – March 1989)
 * Waratte Iitomo! (Fuji TV) (October 1982–March 2014)
 * Owarai Star Tanjō!! (NTV) (April 1980 – September 1986)
 * 24-Hour Television (NTV) (every August, 1978–1984)
 * Kōhaku Uta Gassen (NHK General) (as a guest in 1979, 1980, 2014, as MC in 1983)
 * Yūkan Tamori Kochira desu (TV Asahi) (October 1981 – March 1982) (preceding program of Tamori Club)
 * Variety Televifasorasido (NHK General) (April 1980 – March 1982)
 * Star Tanjō!! (NTV) (April 1980 – April 1981)
 * Notte sea venture (TV Asahi) (April – June 1980)
 * Drama Ningen Moyō: Swindler (NHK General) (April 1980)
 * Friday 10!Uwasa no Channel!! (NTV) (October 1973 – June 1979)
 * Sunday Owarai namachūkei (MBS/TBS) (August 1978 – March 1979)
 * Channel Thief! Pleasurable Gag Program! Monty Python's Flying Circus (gag program part following dubbed Monty Python's original program) (TV Tokyo) (April–September 1976)
 * Tetsuko's room (TV Asahi, as the last guest of each year 1978–2013)
 * Yoru Tamori (Fuji TV) (October 2014 – 2015)
 * Tamori Club (TV Asahi) (October 1982–April 2023)

title: Tamori


text: Template talk:Massachusetts-geo-stub

title: Template talk:Massachusetts-geo-stub


text: User talk:67.43.26.236

title: User talk:67.43.26.236