text:
Talk:Federal Firearms License

FFL date
"It has been a legal requirement within the United States of America since a 1986 amendment to the Gun Control Act"
 * Say what? Who wrote this?  Federal Firearms Licenses have been around since the Federal Firearms Act of 1938.  At that time you only needed an FFL to *sell* firearms across state lines.  The modern FFL was created in 1968 when the GCA repealed and replaced the FFA.  What's the FOPA (... in 1986) have to do with any of it? --70.160.160.175 21:31, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Curio & Relic FFL
Relative to the following: "Certain automatic weapons have been designated as C&R firearms, and although a C&R FFL can be used to acquire these as well, they are also subject to the controls imposed by the National Firearms Act of 1934." I believe we need to spell out exactly what the rules are; i.e., what about the pre-approval of the local law enforcement officer for automatic weapons -- is it required again when a C&R license is held? (The C&R license has already notified the chief LEO in his area during his C&R application process.) Likewise, what about the $200 transfer tax;  when is it paid when holding a C&R license? The details of this C&R section still need some work. Yaf 23:44, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

 * What's the advantage of getting this license? Can't these be sold as ordinary guns too?  --Kalmia 17:31, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

The advantage to the C&R license is that it only costs $30.00 v $200.00 it costs for the FFL. On the subject of the FFL: Having an FFL doesn’t guarantee that a person will receive a better price on a firearm than a person without an FFL. What, you may ask? A person without an FFL can get as good a price on a firearm as a person with an FFL. Don't ask me why. I got my FFL only to discover that the wholesalers I contacted, (applied with), and sent my FFL to, expecting to get a wholesale price, wanted to charge me MORE money than I could get a gun for at one of the on line & brick'n mortar wholesalers that sell to the pubic. My suggestion is to forget paying $200.00 for an FFL because the chances are you will not get a much better price. The government dosen't care, they just keep collecting the $200.00 FFL license fee's. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.73.108.182 (talk) 03:02, 17 December 2007 (UTC)
 * My understanding is that the big advantage of the C&R license is that you don't have to deal with a local FFL to receive a gun via mailorder. So, you can have a gun directly shipped to you and you aren't at the mercy of the FFL who can charge whatever the hell they want for the transfer. Last time I checked, a transfer was supposed to run $10-$15, but the store can charge whatever the hell they want. Of course, there's the extra hassle of keeping books, being open to "spot checks" by BATFE agents and getting your CLEO's permission to do your collecting... that hassle being the main reason why I never went all the way through with the stupid thing. —/M endaliv /2¢/Δ's/ 08:19, 25 February 2009 (UTC)

No CLEO "permission" is needed for a C&R FFL. BATFE requires s copy of the C&R FFL application to be sent to the CLEO, nothing more. No action is required by the CLEO, and they can only prevent issuance of the C&R FFL with legal justification such as a disqualifying criminal conviction.

is required to b — Preceding unsigned comment added by 97.127.177.163 (talk) 00:07, 15 November 2011 (UTC)

Non-Destructive & Destructive Devices
Could someone define these and what the differences are? Also could someone talk about the other license types besides the C&R? --Mycroft007 18:19, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_device Indy muaddib (talk) 01:03, 23 March 2008 (UTC)

encyclopedicity of "application fees" section
Pursuant to WP:NOPRICES, I would suggest that the price list of fees associated with obtaining the various classes of FFL is unencyclopedic and may merit removal. While this particular information may be an exception and merit inclusion, perhaps if the prices are codified in legislation (such as the transfer taxes codified in the NFA). Any thoughts? —/M endaliv /2¢/Δ's/ 08:05, 25 February 2009 (UTC)

quoting WP:NOPRICES

Sales catalogs, therefore product prices should not be quoted in an article unless they can be sourced and there is a justified reason for their mention. Examples of justified reasons include notable sales of rare collectors items, prices relating to discussion of a price war, and historical discussion of economic inflation. On the other hand, street prices are trivia that can vary widely from place to place and over time. Therefore, lists of products currently on sale should not quote street prices. In addition, Wikipedia is not a price guide to be used to compare the prices of competing products, or the prices of a single product across different countries or regions.

price is not from a sales catalog, they are not street prices since they do not vary from location or time, since the prices are set by the govt there are no competing products, and since the prices are only valid for the US they are not from across different countries or regions.

they are easily sourced at http://www.atf.gov/firearms/information/atftaxes.htm#Firearms

i see no reason to remove them. indy_muaddib (talk) 03:17, 6 April 2009 (UTC)

 * I agree, as it's not a sales pitch, but rather a reference, be it one that can change with a passage of a bill. You can even make the argument that because there are governmental fees and taxes, not product prices, this section may not apply. Not to mention, from a practical standpoint, this is a whole lot easier than rooting through government documents for the special occupational taxes. Michael F (talk) 22:52, 11 May 2009 (UTC)

Help against SPAM linkes
If anyone can help out on deleting SPAM links, I could use the help. Thanks. Mateck (talk) 01:55, 2 June 2010 (UTC)

ill eyeball the article from time to time, see if theres any new spam, usually is one or two up there.

perhaps time to semi-protect?

indy_muaddib (talk) 08:12, 3 July 2010 (UTC)

semi-protect
the commercial link spam has been a constant problem for several years now but lately its been increasing, about time to lock the article up a bit.

I AGREE! but I dont really know how to do that. It is only one or two offenders, but it is consistant. I don't know if Wiki has a way of banning certain references to specific domain names. For example, if you had a prolbem with someome inserting links to www.myproduct.com, you could have that banned from anywhere in Wiki regardless of what article it was being used in, or what user name or IP was doing it. I don't know if wiki has that, as it gets over my head fast when I look at the anti-spam options. BUT CERTAINLY SEMI PROTECTION WOULD BE GREAT if anyone knows how to do that. Mateck (talk) 21:08, 3 July 2010 (UTC)

Is it a SPAM link?
The latest addition to this article is a link that might be too commercial in nature. The link is *[http://www...com. It is for a for profit law firm located in Jacksonville, Fl., and was posted anonymously from an IP address located in Jacksonville, FL. W

hile the website does have some usefully information, it is also very commercial in nature. Does anyone have an opinion on this link, and its relation to Wiki's spam link policy? Mateck (talk) 19:14, 22 August 2010 (UTC)

ITAR Section Creation
Previously, the table at the top and in sections below stated that certain holders "must" register. The placement of this information seemed to concern less with information about FFL and more with highlighting the existance of the fee, in addition to being not 100% correct.

These were moved into a new ITAR section, with a short paragraph capturing these details and identifying the exemptions, with a main article link. As it is now, it simple states the laws without selecting specific FFL types (again, ITAR law is activity-based and regardless of FFL type). - Davandron | Talk 16:54, 12 February 2013 (UTC)

Responsible Government Group and BATFE Acronym
It is never clearly stated which government group grants the Licence. It seems only to be implied by a statement that "ATF will approve the applicant if..."

Also, this article has the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives abbreviated as "ATF", "ATF Bureau", and "BATFE". Only the "ATF" acronym is explained, in the Related Law Articles, and it is given following the full "Bureau...Explosives"; but the "B" and "E" don't appear in the "ATF" acronym given.

It may be best if someone with better editing skills and knowledge, near the top of the article, makes clear which government group grants the FFL (who I assume is the BATFE), and spells out the acronym, so it makes sense in the rest of the article. Perhaps something like:

 * The FFL is issued by the the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (BATFE, commonly known as the "ATF").

This could come after the statement about the enabling legislation. A citation may be necessary, and the "Bureau...Explosives" text should be a link to that article.

Perhaps the rest of the article should be scrubbed for consistent use of BATFE or ATF.

- 216.249.237.233 (talk) 15:13, 15 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Good point. I made the change you suggested. Felsic2 (talk) 16:49, 30 December 2016 (UTC)

Tags and notice of intent to return
I added a bunch of tags to this article. My arm is currently in a cast, but I hope to return soon to make some improvements. Considering that hundreds of articles link to this one, I can't believe that it's not better developed than it is. Lightbreather (talk) 23:03, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Well said. I'll see if I can clean it up a bit as well, though it's neither my area of expertise, nor is it something I'd be overly eager to do, due to the technical nature of the article (and thus, the labourious research implied in such an endeavour). So I may put it off for a bit; that being said, I do agree that this article needs to be brought up to snuff. Quinto Simmaco (talk) 16:04, 7 June 2015 (UTC)
 * I just added a bunch of citations and clarified a bunch of misleading language (there's no such thing as an SOT tax stamp, as an example). I hold an FFL and SOT, so I've got quite a bit of expertise here. I also added some citations to the CFR relating to the bound book records.

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Asking for confirmation of edits before editing
Reading through the original piece, two instances of the abbreviation FEL appear, when I believe they're supposed to say FFL. Since I'm not very familiar with the content, I'm looking for at least one other person to confirm that my observation is correct, that FEL needs to be FFL, and that correcting them to say FFL is the correct thing to do. One of the references in question follow:

 * 1) Type 10 To manufacture any DD with an explosives content (e.g. flash-bangs) requires an additional FEL[4] (sic) as a Type 20 Manufacturer of High Explosives.
 * 2) The footnote for [4] reads: "ATF: How to Become a Federal Firearms Licensee (FFL)". atf.gov. U.S. Department of Justice. 2014. Retrieved July 6, 2014.

Anyone?

D0ugparker (talk) 19:51, 5 January 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Federal Firearms License


text:
Rev

Rev, REV or Rév may refer to:

Rev.

 * Rev., an abbreviation for revolution, as in Revolutions per minute
 * Rev., an abbreviation for the religious style The Reverend
 * Rev., the abbreviation for Runtime Revolution, a development environment
 * Rev., an abbreviation for the Book of Revelation
 * Rev., an abbreviation for Reverse
 * Rev., an abbreviation for Revision
 * Rev., an abbreviation for Revolver
 * Rev., an abbreviation for Review, as in:
 * Chem. Rev. (Chemical Reviews), a peer-reviewed scientific journal
 * Phys. Rev. (Physical Review), an American scientific journal

Revs

 * Revs (video game), a 1984 Formula Three simulation computer game
 * Revs (graffiti artist), tag name of a graffiti artist in New York City
 * The Revs, an Irish rock band
 * Revs, the nickname for the New England Revolution soccer club in America

Acronyms

 * REV Bremerhaven, a professional hockey team in Germany's 2nd Bundesliga league
 * REV (Conference), the International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation
 * Iomega REV, a removable disk storage system
 * Range-extended vehicle
 * Redlands East Valley High School
 * Regulator of Virion, a protein of HIV
 * Representative elementary volume
 * Revised English Version, an Internet Bible version by Spirit & Truth Fellowship International 2012
 * Réseau Express Vélo, a network of bicycle lanes in Montreal
 * Robotic Enhanced Vehicles (R.E.V.), a toy sold by WowWee

Companies

 * Rev (company), a speech-to-text and captioning company
 * Revlon, an American multinational cosmetics, skin care, fragrance, and personal care company
 * REV Group, an American manufacturer of specialty vehicles
 * D-Rev, a non-profit product development company

Music

 * Rev-Ola Records, a UK record label formed in 1988
 * Rev (Perry Farrell album), 1999
 * Rev (Ten Foot Pole album), 1994
 * Rev (Ultra Vivid Scene album), 1992
 * Rev (The Reverend Horton Heat album), 2014

People

 * Rev I of Iberia (died 216), king of (Caucasian) Iberia (i.e., eastern Georgia)
 * Rev II of Iberia (4th century), a prince who functioned as a co-king to his father Mirian III, the first Christian Georgian ruler
 * Rev Cannady (1904–1981), baseball player in the Negro leagues
 * Lívia Rév (1916–2018), classical concert pianist
 * Martin Rev (born 1947), instrumentalist from New York punk-era electronic band Suicide
 * The Rev (James Owen Sullivan, 1981–2009), drummer for the band Avenged Sevenfold
 * Joseph Simmons, better known as Rev Run, of Run-DMC

Other uses

 * Rev (comics), a Marvel Comics supervillain
 * Rev (drink), an alcopop
 * Rev (HIV), an HIV gene
 * Rev. (TV series), a BBC sitcom (2010–2014) about an inner-city priest
 * Rev Bem, a fictional character in the television series Gene Roddenberry's Andromeda
 * Rev limiter, a device attached to an internal combustion engine
 * Rev, a type of semantic link
 * Rév, the Hungarian name for Vadu Crișului Commune, Bihor County, Romania
 * REV, the product code used by Nintendo for Wii hardware and software, a reference to the platform's prototype name of Revolution
 * G.rev, a Japanese arcade videogame developer
 * Horns Rev, a shallow area in the eastern North Sea
 * Şəlvə, Khojali, or Rev, a village in the Republic of Artsakh de facto (Azerbaijan de jure)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rev


text:
Iota Arae

Iota Arae, Latinized from ι Arae, is the Bayer designation for a star in the southern constellation of Ara. It is 281 pc from Earth, give or take a 20 light-year margin of error, and has an apparent visual magnitude of 5.2. Based upon the Bortle Dark-Sky Scale, this means the star is visible to the naked eye from suburban skies.

This is an evolved giant star with a stellar classification of B2 IIIne. The 'e' notation indicates the spectrum displays emission lines, which means this is a Be star that is surrounded by hot, circumstellar gas. It is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of $8.3$. The Doppler effect from this rotation is causing the absorption lines to widen and become nebulous, as indicated by the 'n' notation in the stellar class.

Iota Arae has around 8.3 times the mass of the Sun and is shining brightly with 10,864 times the Sun's luminosity. This energy is being radiated into space from the outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of $30$, giving it the characteristic blue-white hue of a B-type star. The General Catalog of Variable Stars classifies it as a BE variable star, ranging from visual magnitude 5.18 to 5.26 with a period of 13.36 hours. In a study of the Hipparcos data, it was found to vary in brightness by 0.054 in magnitude with no clear period.

title: Iota Arae


text:
1991 SEA Games

The 1991 Southeast Asian Games, officially known as the 16th Southeast Asian Games, was a multi-sport event held in Manila, the Philippines from 24 November to 5 December 1991, with 28 sports featured in the games. This was the second time that the country hosted the games and its first since 1981. It was officially opened by President Corazon Aquino at the Rizal Memorial Stadium in Manila through a colorful opening ceremony. It was the only SEA Games at that time where the overall championship was heavily contested. The deciding medal came from the last sporting event - women's marathon where Indonesia got the gold medal.

Four sports (archery, canoeing, sailing, and triathlon) were held in venues in Subic Bay.

Fourteen years after the 1991 SEA Games, the country hosted the 2005 SEA Games. Another 14 years later, the Philippines hosted the 2019 SEA Games, which is the first that the event took place in the whole country.

The logo of 1991 Southeast Asian Games was designed by Ernesto A. Calaguas. The mascot for the Games is a colorful fowl called Kiko Labuyo.

Participating nations

 * (Host)
 * (Host)
 * (Host)
 * (Host)
 * (Host)
 * (Host)

Medal table

 * Key

Concerns and controversies
The Philippines should have tallied a total of 91 gold medals, but one of the gold medals from boxing was proclaimed unofficial. The said gold medal should have been fought by a Filipino boxer against a Thai boxer, but the latter was found positive in the doping tests. The gold medal was, at first, given to the Philippines, but after a few days, the SEAG Organizing Committee declared that there will be no gold and silver medalists for the said event in boxing because there was no battle fought.
 * Reduction of gold medals

title: 1991 SEA Games


text:
Pi Arae

Pi Arae, Latinized from π Arae, is the Bayer designation for a star in the southern constellation of Ara. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +5.25. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 46.30 mas as seen from Earth, it is located 70 light years from the Sun. It is most likely moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −3 km/s.

The stellar classification of this star is A5 IV-V, indicating the spectrum displays the hybrid features of both a main sequence and a more evolved subgiant star. Pi Arae is an estimated 319 million years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 54.1 km/s. The star has 1.73 times the mass of the Sun and 1.90 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating 13.3 times the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of about 8,215 K.

Pi Arae displays an excess emission of infrared radiation, which may be explained by circumstellar dust. The thermal emission matches a two component model, consisting of an inner disk of warm crystalline silicate dust and an outer colder disk of dirty ice. The inner disk has a temperature of 173 K and is orbiting roughly 9.1 AU from the host star. The outer disk is 77 K and orbits at a distance of about 117.3 AU. The small size of some of the dust grains indicate the inner disk may have formed relatively recently from collisions between orbiting planetesimals.

Located 55 arc minutes to the north of Pi Arae is the globular cluster NGC 6397.

title: Pi Arae


text:
Central High School (Duluth, Minnesota)

Duluth Central High School, also referred to as Central High School, was a secondary school in Duluth, Minnesota. It educated students in grades ten through twelve and later added seventh and eighth grades after the closure of Washington Junior High School in 1992. The original building at the intersection of Lake Avenue and Second Street first opened in 1893. On October 19, 2004, the building was given the official name,

In 1971, a new Central High School building was erected near the Central Entrance and Pecan Avenue. At the end of the 2010-2011 school year, the new Duluth Central High School closed its doors.

History
When originally built on the hillside in 1892, Duluth Central High School was famed not only for its grand clock tower, which could be seen for miles, but also for its wide halls, sweeping stairways with iron banisters, large chandeliers, and beautiful statuary.

Due to age and safety conditions, the Duluth School Board decided in 1970 that it would have to build a new school to replace the Historic Old Central High School. In 1971, the new Central High School building was built on top of the hill and the school moved there, leaving School District administrative offices in the old building.

In 2007, the Duluth School Board announced that they would support the long-range Red plan for the district which would close Duluth Central and keep a renovated Ordean Middle School (now Duluth East High School) and Duluth Denfeld High School as the only two high schools in Duluth.

2011 was the last graduating class of Duluth Central High School. The grounds and the buildings would remain empty until sold by the school district.

In November 2013 the Duluth City Council met to finalize plans to rezone the land from an R-1 (residential zone) to a commercial C zone paving the way for ISD 709 to sell Central High School to potential land developers for commercial purposes. In December 2014, the sale of the property was announced.

It was announced on August 8, 2022, that Chester Creek View LLC purchased the majority of the property, including the school building. Demolition of the building began on November 14, 2022.

In February 2024, the Duluth City Council voted in support of a $500 million redevelopment plan. It would include 1,300 housing units and commercial space. The developer is Lazar Ostreicher.

Athletics
Big red was given to Duluth Central High School [teams] until 1930. In that year, students decided to change the name to the "Trojans". This was done through a contest in which all students could participate. The Trojan has been the symbol and name for Central [teams] ever since.

Central claimed numerous Minnesota State High School League state championships, with most of them coming in basketball, skiing, and ski jumping. Central had many state championships in winter sports, including the individual downhill skiing champion 18 times between 1932 and 1962 and team champion six times. Central also had a dominant ski jumping program with eight state ski jumping champions between 1939 and 1968 and 19 team championships between 1933 and 1974. Central won the state debate title in 1922. Central was state champion in boys basketball in 1950, 1961, 1971 (the first year of two classes, A and AA), and 1979. Central was state champion in boys cross country running six times between 1943 and 1957. Central won three consecutive boys golf titles from 1946 to 1948. Central was boys track and field state champion four times in 1923, 1930, 1935, and 1936.

title: Central High School (Duluth, Minnesota)


text:
Talk:Ordination of women in the Church of Scotland

Untitled
Unclear: was Catherine McConnachie ordained as a minister or as an elder? --Doric Loon 21:36, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

As a minister (by Aberdeen Presbytery) --Matthewross 13:19, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

Gaelic essential
Has a woman ever been appointed minister in a Gaelic-essential charge? Resistance to the ordination of women has often been strongest in the highlands and islands, where the Free Church tradition is also strongest, so the first female in a Gaelic charge would be a significant milestone. --Doric Loon 09:41, 3 October 2006 (UTC)

THE BIBLE

Has CoS changed its view on the Bible, since women became Ministers. What is the Church view on author Richard Dawkins. Nackienoo (talk) 17:29, 12 November 2009 (UTC)

Laying on of hands
This article remarks that " elders [...] are ordained for life [...] though without the laying-on of hands", whereas the more general article Ministers and elders in the Church of Scotland states that "All elders are ordained by the laying on of hands." Only one of these can be correct -- perhaps someone with the appropriate knowledge can reconcile the two pages. Also, would Laying on of hands be a suitable link for the ritual? NormanGray (talk) 08:38, 17 September 2011 (UTC)

Reference to the Church of Scotland's Laws (which are freely downloadable from their website) shows that there need not be laying on of hands for ordination of elders (Act X 1932). However it is a frequent practice in congegations. In a Reformed denomination it is not the work of the minister to ordain but of the Holy Spirit. Jimmy Maxwell Jaffa (talk) 14:44, 1 January 2012 (UTC)


text: User talk:85.240.197.116

title: User talk:85.240.197.116


text:
Talk:Jewish Combat Organization

Role of the Bund
In my opinion, the position of the Bund vis-a-vis resistance in general is a bit obscured in this article. The Bund was the first jewish organization in Warsaw to perform an act of resistance, and formed an important part of the ZOB. The reasons for the bund not initially taking part in the formation of the ZOB was an understandable one: the bund cooperated with the general polish resistance and for quite understandable reasons preferred that approach. The current state of the article suggests (though admittedly doesn't state) that the bund opposed resistance altogether, whereas, as stated, is was the first jewish group to actually engage in it.

http://www.writing.upenn.edu/~afilreis/Holocaust/warsaw-uprising.html —Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.109.252.188  (talk • contribs)  21:37:29, 2005-10-10 (UTC)

Shouldn't be "Jewish Combat Organization" rather?
Fighting would be Walki lub Walcząca. --HanzoHattori 13:59, 26 September 2006 (UTC)
 * The "Jewish Fighting Organization" is the canonical translation in English, regardless of the literal Polish. I will soon detail close to a dozen English-language sources, academic and from major publishers, to document this usage and support moving the page accordingly. -- Deborahjay (talk) 09:53, 27 March 2013 (UTC)

there is a jewish combat organization founded by Jabotinsky
the Betar youth movement, the New Zionist Organization, and the Haganah were all offshoots of the literary expertise of Ze'ev Jabotinsky.  is a notable source. This user will write more later in the will of HaShem. Boron.merkava (talk) 18:25, 18 September 2008 (UTC)

Any relation to that in Kovno?
Yarkod 23:35, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

POV, improrper sourcing
This section: Because of their ability to view the situation objectively, a number of the leftist Zionist youth groups like Hashomer Hatzair and Dror proposed the creation of a self-defense organization at a meeting of Warsaw Jewish leaders in March 1942. The proposal was rejected by the Jewish Labour Bund who believed that a fighting organization would fail without the help of Polish resistance. Others rejected the notion of armed insurgency saying that there was no evidence of a threat of deportation. Moreover, they argued any armed resistance would provoke the Germans to retaliate against the whole Jewish community. is POV and the sourcing is not appropriate (WP:SOURCES--current sources are not third-party). Have removed the more egregious POV material, will look for better sources.--Goldsztajn (talk) 02:08, 2 November 2009 (UTC)

New source materials for the article

 * 1) Holocaust Reader By Lucy S. Dawidowicz  page 337, By-laws of the Coordinating Commission and the ZOB. --Goldsztajn (talk) 03:01, 2 November 2009 (UTC)

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OR image?
At pl:Wikipedia:Kawiarenka/Artykuły it has been suggested that the File:ZOB_Badge.svg image is not historical but modern OR. It is used on some modern websites but no historical source has been found and it may be thw case of Wikipedia OR spreading to other places. @Buidhe - I am not sure who else may be interested in this topic, feel free to ping others. Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 23:49, 17 August 2023 (UTC)

 * the same suspicion applies to this flag Sumek101 (talk) 11:09, 18 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I found a similar flag here listed as the unofficial Jewish "Palestine flag" in 1934, just upside-down. Don't know how much this helps, but it at least shows that similar flags were in use in other contexts about a decade prior, might help trace where the OR came from.
 * https://archive.org/details/hhbooker2_yahoo_001_20161017/234I0373.JPG Babeswayscaptcha (talk) 07:10, 20 December 2023 (UTC)
 * oops not quite the same sorry! it's listed as "MV "Emanuel" (Captain Arye "Lyova" Grevnov) ship's of "Hofiya Shipping Company" Hebrew flag" under list of flags of israel, uses gold not white for the star and has a red "H" in the center I didn't catch.
 * That page lists the ZOB as a "flag of israel" tho which is odd in itself Babeswayscaptcha (talk) 07:25, 20 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jewish Combat Organization


text:
Dharwad pedha

Dharwad peda (ಧಾರವಾಡ ಪೇಡ) is an Indian sweet delicacy unique to the state of Karnataka, India. It derives its name from the city of Dharwad in Karnataka. This sweet's history is around 175 years old. Dharwad peda has been accorded a Geographical Indication tag. Its GI tag number is 80.

History
Dharwad peda was originally started by the Thakur family who had migrated from Unnao in Uttar Pradesh to Dharwad after the plague broke out in Unnao in the late 18th century. Ram Ratan Singh Thakur, a first-generation confectioner, started producing and selling pedas locally. Dharwad peda was prepared from the milk of Dharwadi buffaloes which are raised by the Gavali community in and around Dharwad. His grandson Babu Singh Thakur helped grow the family business further in their Line Bazaar store and the peda came to also be called locally as the "Line Bazaar Peda". The family closely guards the recipe of the Peda as a trade secret which has been passed down through generations. Babusingh Thakur's single outlet store that was running for a few decades expanded later in Dharwad, Hubli, Bangalore, Belgaum and Haveri. In many other cities around India, other confectioneries also sell Dharwad peda which is not connected to the Thakur family.

Ingredients
The ingredients include milk, sugar and dharwadi buffalo milk.

Preparation
It is made of milk which is heated and stirred continuously, with added flavor and sugar. As a result, it can be considered a kind of condensed milk with flavors.

title: Dharwad pedha


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Dig Dug: Digging Strike

Dig Dug: Digging Strike (ディグダグ ディギング ストライク) is a 2005 maze video game published by Namco for the Nintendo DS. In Europe, the game was published by Atari Europe. It is the fifth entry in the Dig Dug video game series, and the second to be made for a home platform. The game follows series protagonist Taizo Hori, bitter about his son Susumu getting more attention than him—after a chain of tropical islands is threatened by monsters, Taizo sets out to defeat them and reclaim his fame. Gameplay combines mechanics established in the original Dig Dug and its sequel Dig Dug II, centered around sinking a large "boss" character into the ocean by digging under large stakes in the ground.

Development of the game was outsourced to independent Japanese studio Bullets, who worked on the Hero Bank series for Sega, and designed by both Yuta Hamaka and Truyuki Shirakawa. It was one of six games published by both Namco Bandai and Atari as part of an exclusive publishing deal in Europe. Digging Strike was met with mixed reviews upon release—critics disliked the game's short length and lack of both replay value and long-lasting appeal, although would praise its usage of collectibles and references to other Namco arcade games. Some also praised its gameplay for combining elements found in the first two entries.

Gameplay
Dig Dug: Digging Strike is a maze video game that combines elements from the first two games in the series; Dig Dug (1982) and Dig Dug II (1985). Its plot follows series protagonist Taizo Hori, bitter about his son Susumu getting the attention more than him. After a chain of tropical islands is threatened by monsters, Taizo sets out to defeat them and reclaim his fame. Controlling Taizo Hori, the player must complete each of the game's fifteen stages by sinking a large boss character, displayed on the top screen, into the ocean—this is accomplished by digging underneath large stakes placed underground; lining up stakes will create massive fault lines that will cause a section of the island to break off and sink underwater. Taizo starts each stage on the island, and can travel underground by entering large holes placed around the stage.

While underground, Taizo will need to fend off different types of enemies. Alongside the return of Pookas and Fygars from the original Dig Dug, new enemy types have also been introduced, such as ghosts that phase through dirt, penguins and miniature octopuses. Enemies can be defeated by pumping them up full of air until they pop, or by having them collide with obstacles, such as falling rocks, lava pockets and quicksand. Placed throughout the underground sections are items that can help Taizo progress—these include large magnets, time-stopping clocks, and boxing gloves that can be shot at enemies. The player can also collect fossils throughout the game, which when all are found will unlock a special bonus stage.

Some power-ups will summon Susumu that will either automatically force a stake into a ground via a weight being dropped on them, or temporarily stun the boss character. Unlike other items, a minigame will need to be completed for the intended effect to occur, where the player takes control of Susumu and must perform certain tasks—some of these are based on other Namco video games, including Xevious and Rally-X. Some stages will contain parts that can be used to construct more powerful weapons when collected, such as a faster drill. Food can also be found underground, which can be collected by enemies and brought up to the boss to transform it into a more powerful version of itself.

Development and release
Development of Dig Dug: Digging Strike was outsourced to external studio Bullets, which has worked on titles such as the Hero Bank series for Sega and Mega Man Legacy Collection 2 for Capcom. Designed by Yuta Hamaka and Teruyuki Shirakawa, Digging Strike's concept was borrowed from the unreleased Dig Dug 3, an arcade game in development at Namco in the late 1990s that was later reworked into the original Mr. Driller (1999). The game was part of Namco's continuing attempt in making its Dig Dug and Mr. Driller series part of the company's pillar franchises, an idea hampered by financial constraints and a general lack of interest. Famitsu revealed the game's development in June 2005, being reportedly 80% complete. Namco published the game in Japan on September 8 and in North America on October 19. Digging Strike was released in Europe on August 25, 2006 and was part of a six game licensing partnership between the newly-formed Namco Bandai Games and Atari Europe.

Reception
Dig Dug Digging Strike received mixed reviews upon release—common criticisms were towards its short length and lack of long-lasting appeal. It holds a 65/100 on aggregator website Metacritic.

IGN said that the game was only fun for a few minutes, feeling it was not as creative as Namco's other DS remakes such as Pac-Pix and Pac 'N Roll, only recommending the game to die-hard fans of the original. Similar responses were echoed by GameSpot and GameSpy, with GameSpot in particular criticizing it for straying too far from its source material. Nintendo World Report was the most critical, saying the game itself is disappointing compared to the first two Dig Dug games and makes the player "wish you were playing those instead", disliking its short length and lack of content. IGN was also critical towards the game's "sloppy" presentation and "bland" in-game cutscenes, as well as the game's multiplayer requiring two game cartridges to play. Nintendo World Report criticized its control layout for being difficult to use, while GameSpot disliked the game's lack of touch-screen features.

Despite its criticisms, reviewers praised the game's mixture of the first two Dig Dug games, collectibles and references to other Namco games. Nintendo World Report said its usage of gameplay from earlier Dig Dug games was an interesting concept, which IGN, GameSpy and 1UP.com agreed with. 1UP in particular was the most positive towards the game, praising its "addictive" gameplay, enemy variety and its usage of concepts from other Dig Dug games, saying that it helps "celebrate" the legacy of the series. IGN, GameSpot and GameSpy all liked the game's usage of callbacks to other Namco video games and large amount of collectible items. While IGN said the game's graphics were unappealing to look at, GameSpy contested this, praising its cartoony art style and anime-style cutscenes. Famitsu awarded the game the "Silver Hall of Fame" badge.

title: Dig Dug: Digging Strike


text:
Category:New Zealand heavy metal musical groups

Heavy metal bands from New Zealand


text:
User talk:Andy tek

g'day!
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Where to ask a question or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! --fuddlemark (fuddle me!) 21:40, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Andy tek


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Advance Wars: Dual Strike/archive1

Advance Wars: Dual Strike
This article has come a long way from what it used to be. Some advice on what to add, expand upon, remove, change, etc. would be appreciated. If possible, I'd like to elevate this page to featured article status. -- gakon5 (talk) 21:40, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Any references? This is a requirement for FA. Pentawing 06:26, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, my main reference was the game itself (considering this is an article on a video game), although some bits and peices of articles were drawn from walkthrus and FAQs. So.. I should link to those text files? -- gakon5 (talk)
 * No, that'd be illegal. You need references to back up claims, such as sales figures, quotes from developers, etc. - A Link to the Past (talk) 03:08, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, actually, I haven't quoted any developers, written up anything on sales figures (as it didn't sell nearly as many copies as a DS game like Nintendogs) or made any claims that need backing up, unless I'm missing something. Would a write-up on the game's developemt history be in order or something?  Although looking through things such as Gamespot updates on this game, nothing terribly interesting happened before the game launched; not on the scale of something such as Counter-Strike: Condition Zero, whose developers traded off the development of the game three or four times. -- gakon5 (talk)

Ryan Norton T 21:39, 21 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) May need a two paragraph lead (WP:LEAD)
 * 2) Several subsections too short - systemic through the article ''Merged Versus and Link mode into Multiplayer;
 * 3) "Game Modes" opens with a one-sentence paragraph. Two or three more sentances, need more?
 * 4) "Demo mode" a little short.... Merged into Game modes > Combat mode
 * 5) "New commanding officers" - too list heavy, get rid of these and just write it out :)
 * 6) "New units" - again, write out this list stuff Merged into Gameplay > Units
 * 7) You do need sales figures etc. here in order for it to be comprehensive (one of the FA criteria)

At last! Someone replies! I've been trying to count the exact number of words in this article, but I was guessing this would need a two-paragraph lead. I'm also working on condesning the number of sections, particularly under Gameplay; Game Modes will have some sections merged (eg Link and Versus mode into Multiplayer). Do you have any advice on what subheaders under Gameplay are good to keep or remove? I myself didn't put them in there, but they're probably making the TOC larger then it needs to be. The Units section, I'm going to link to the just-created Units in Advance Wars, and provide an overview of what kind of units are available, as well as making notes on the new ones, going along with Summary Style. The Demo section I can probably integrate into Game Modes > Combat mode. And, lastly, I'll find some sales figures, although I don't have much of a clue where to go, and this game probably wasn't too much of a record-breaker. I'll look around. -- gakon5 (talk)
 * Resolved issues strike-thru'd. - g5

 * Alright, I'm working on reducing the number of subheadings still, so I gots some questions:
 * Should Units and Commanding Officers be out into their own sections, or stay under Gameplay?
 * I'm going to translate New Commanding Officers into a paragraph and then maybe stick it in Gameplay > Commanding Offers. If I do that, it should be large enough to graduate from subsubheader to just subheader (two equals signs), no?
 * War Room and Survival are the smallest Game Mode sections. Should they be stuck into Other Modes?
 * Or, as an alternative, I could just put everything under Other Modes except Campaign and Combat mode, and probably Multiplayer too.

Advice appreciated. -- gakon5 (talk)


text:
Talk:Christopher McCulloch

Biography assessment rating comment
WikiProject Biography Assessment Drives

Barely a Start class.

Want to help write or improve biographies? Check out WikiProject Biography Tips for writing better articles. —Yamara ✉  13:45, 16 April 2008 (UTC)

New Brunswick: City of Broken Dreams
Any other Rutgers alums want to add a section on this? I don't remember anything about what was in it, except "gravy gravy gravy" and "Dear Chris, Leave. Love, Rutgers." and I didn't save any of them.

It also contained "The Real World - New Bruswick" which had GI Joe's Destro as a character.

Wasn't he one of the "Kids in the Hall" too?

I mean, I could be wrong, but...

 * You're thinking of Bruce McCulloch

Removing image
Damnedst thing: When I try pulling this page up, everything loads except McCulloch's picture, and then suddenly every other page I try to pull up in my browser will now display pictures. Happens on this PC as well as a friend's and a public PC. So I'm removing this "cursed image" unless/until someone can figure it out.209.169.114.213 17:22, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

I see absolutely nothing wrong with it; it is a regular photo uploaded to Wikipedia like everything else.

psuedonym
Does anyone have any information on how McCulloch came up with his alias of Jackson Publick? I assume it is a reference to Jackson Pollock, but I don't want to add that to the article without backup. - DynSkeet * Talk 14:08, 13 July 2006 (UTC)

Uh, no. Think dirtier. "Jacks in public." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.191.175.66 (talk) 16:10, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

In nearly every interview (and a few times on his blog as well) McCulloch has noted that he pulled Jackson Publick from thin air, just for fun.

Presumably, it's meant to be a joke on the fact that it sounds like a reference to public masturbation. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.238.18.177 (talk) 18:11, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

Astrobase-Go!
Do we really need to link this to a nonexistant page? I don't even know if it even deserves a page at all, it's pretty much just a studio they named, not like a production company or anything. Just... Two guys toiling away. --Hazelfo 19:01, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, you could put that info in a page. Either way I did it just in case. -th1rt3en 19:02, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Christopher McCulloch


text:
Talk:Marisa Siketa

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 16:21, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Marisa Siketa


text:
Talk:Chevron Corporation

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 09:07, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Big Oil.svg

Good article suggestions
Hello, the same suggestions that I made at Talk:ExxonMobil in relation to that GA nomination would also apply to this article. Right now, there is more information about the SimRefinery video game than there is about Chevron's participation in the Niger Delta; or poisoning of locals at Tengiz field one source. Surely these (and other conflicts) are more notable events than a video game? We can't just relegate the controversies to less than 100 words at the end of the article. Thanks!Larataguera (talk) 23:41, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

Nigeria Oil Sector
Activities that the General public is supposed To know about oil Productions in Nigeria. 102.90.42.212 (talk) 11:56, 9 May 2024 (UTC)

great app 102.216.73.209 (talk) 16:41, 23 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chevron Corporation


text:
Talk:Aarhus University

New logo
Will someone please update the logo, AU have a new logo now. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.52.77.83 (talk) 19:56, 25 February 2011 (UTC)

 * The article has now the new logo. (The article has still the seal, which the university still use). --Hubertuz (talk) 17:36, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Split students into grad and postgrad?
How about splitting the number of students into graduate and postgraduate categories?

 * That's very hard to do, as the two are kind of mixed up in the Danish educational system. In fact, you can start the graduate part of your studies before you finish the undergrad part, so it's possible to be both at the same time. --dllu 02:24, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

kaospilot?
Will after all this be absorbed to the University as accepted by People's Party?Peterssensigur 21:41, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Nobel Laureate
Hey,

Wouldn't it be a great idea to include some information about Nobel Laureate (the chemistry guy from 2002 - I don't recall his name, but he's got a road around the Nobel Park named after him). Moreover, it'd be great to include that the London School of Economics ranked the poli. sci. dept. the best non-english speaking poli.sci. department of the world in 2003 - and 40th in the world.

Thanks!

 * The name is Jens Christian Skou, it was 1997 - and yes, he ought to be mentioned. In fact, there should be a section on famous alumni - although Skou isn't a graduate from AU himself, but he did his Nobel-winning research there. --dllu 02:23, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

I would also like to add, that it does not make much sense why Dale T. Mortensen is mentioned as a Nobel Laureate of Aarhus University. At least it needs some thorough explanation. Did he do his Nobel Prize work at the Aarhus University when he was visiting there? Even on his WP it doesn't say that he actually worked at the university. RhinoMind (talk) 20:56, 3 March 2016 (UTC)

I have changed the text to highlight that J.C. Skou was a true laureate of the university, as he did the actual work that won him the prize in Aarhus and was employed when he received it. Dale Mortensen happened to be visiting professor in Aarhus when he received the prize, and Haavelmo did a 1-year postdoc in Aarhus 50 years before he received the price, so they do not in my opinion qualify as true laureates of the university. JakobT (talk) 11:25, 18 April 2020 (UTC)

student unions
I rewrote the paragraph on student unions. Its now labled "Student unions" and not "Student Council", since there are four and not only one.

 * The information is incorrect, though. The Student Council is an elected student body, not an association of students. The other three are political associations, mainly concentrated around the faculty of political sciences.
 * And please - and this goes for all of you - sign your comments! --dllu 02:21, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

Move?
Shouldn't this page rather be called Aarhus University? --pred (talk) 14:21, 3 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, you are correct. The school is called Aarhus University on the English version of the school's website. I've moved the page to the correct name. — Cactus Writer |   needles  14:46, 12 January 2009 (UTC)

Update subjects
The heading called 'Courses' should be changed to 'Subjects'. Furthermore it needs updating, since several subjects have been added the last few years. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.64.73.40 (talk) 20:27, 4 August 2009 (UTC)

AAU?
Why is this section "Cheminova controversy and academic freedom at AAU" referring to AAU? AAU is not Aarhus University (AU), but rather Aalborg University (AAU). When looking at references it seems no reason so suspect that AAU has anything to do with this. Rather it has to do with AU and Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser (DMU). Also, the section referres to Søren E. Frandsen; looking him up at google says that he is affiliated with AU, not AAU. Therefore I'm changing AAU to AU.

It would be nice if someone had better pictures (like, with people in them). The current images make the place look like it's abandoned. The Sound and the Fury (talk) 03:21, 17 November 2010 (UTC)

The section "Faculties"
The university does not have eight faculties anymore. The eight faculties are transformed into four big faculties --ANCJensen (talk) 03:57, 25 January 2011 (UTC)

second largest university?
Based on the numbers in the info box, this seem outdated, Both in numbers of faculty and students, Aarhus University is larger than Copenhagen? Mdj (talk) 21:31, 9 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Aarhus University has now 32.000 students, and as I remember 4 faculties. --Hubertuz (talk) 17:37, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Second oldest university
That AU is the second oldest university in Danmark is not true. That The U of Copenhagen was only university in Denmark until 1928 is at best misleading.

Until recently (that is a couple of decades ago), the Danish word "universitet" was used only for institutions with the classical four faculties. More specialized institutions at the same level was called "højskole". Today all the high schools have either changed their name to university, or have been merged into larger universities.

The Technical University of Denmark is older than AU, though it was called "læreanstalt" (teaching institution), not "universitet" at the time. I think that its English name has been "university" long before the Danish name was changed.

The Royal Veterinarian and Agricultural High School, which would be called a university in English, was also much older than 1928. It is now the Faculty of Life Sciences of the U of Copenhagen.

Den Farmaceutiske Læreanstalt (the farmaceutical teaching institution), founded 1892 would also be a university in English. It too is now a faculty of the U of Copenhagen.

--Klausok (talk) 09:22, 2 August 2011 (UTC)

Correction: it seems that not all high schools are now universities. CBS still has "Handelshøjskolen" (The Commerce High School) in its logo. However, it is always called "CBS" or "Copenhagen Business School", even in Danish. --Klausok (talk) 06:21, 4 August 2011 (UTC)

 * I have added that AU is the second oldest one if you use the word "university" in the traditional sense. And I've referenced it. Can you accept this? Otherwise we'll just have random people keep adding the fact because the word has two meanings in Danish. --Mottenen (talk) 09:06, 12 July 2012 (UTC)
 * That is a good solution, I think. --Klausok (talk) 06:41, 4 October 2012 (UTC)

Reads like an advertisement...
Many promotional statements without any sourcing. Examples:
 * "belongs to the international elite"
 * listed as number 2 in Scandinavia
 * Top 100 in the world
 * "unique and dynamic study environment"
 * "the location is a special feature..."
 * "centres are widely acknowledged for their pioneering work within basic research"

I'm not going to check whether this is the case now, but parts of the article sound like they've come right out of a prospectus. I don't doubt the university is a wonderful place, but the article needs a professional, neutral tone. Statements like "AUS also offers lots of independent activities, such as indoor soccer tournaments, a well equipped gym, skiing trips and much more" are ideal for advertising the university to prospective students, but not appropriate for an encyclopedic article. Tcnuk (talk) 15:00, 3 August 2011 (UTC)

 * I agree, and I'm about to do something about that. If anybody has any reliable sources for anything here, I would like to hear from them by the way. --Mottenen (talk) 23:41, 7 July 2012 (UTC)

Major research centres
The text above the list says twice that there are 15 Centres of Excellence. The list has 16 bullets. Which is correct?

Degree programmes and structure
Hello. Aarhus University has seen some deep and thorough administrational changes within the last 10 years and some of the information on this page is now outdated. One example is the list of Degree programmes. There are now several large sub-departments of Aarhus University, each a small school or university in their own right. Two examples are Aarhus Business School (ABS) and Aarhus University School of Engineering (AU Engineering).

To update the list on Degree programmes the degree programmes on these schools should be added to the current list. One user recently added the Logistics & Supply Chain Management at ABS. However, I do not think this is a good way to proceed as it would make the list overcrowded and useless. I therefore propose another way forward, introducing sectioning.

First thing, the degree programmes that are already up, should be ordered according to which academic department or faculty they belong. This would make it much easier to get an overview and make use of the existing list.

Secondly I propose that only core academic university degree programmes are listed on this specific page. Degree programmes belonging to ABS, AU Engineering and other more vocational departments of Aarhus University should be listed on the pages of these individual departments. One reason is that some of these degree programmes are more vocational and not of such a general academic nature that they require a specific mention on this page. Another reason is that history tells us that specialised and vocational degree programmes changes very often. If the current programmes are listed here, it would soon turn out to be outdated anyway. A third reason is that Aarhus University might well see even more administrational changes in the future, with new sub-departments added, expanding the previous concept of what a University can comprise. Listing sub-department programmes on the pages of these individual departments own pages will make things much easier in the future when changes happen, and secure this particular page from overcrowded "mumbo-jumbo".

I hope to see some views on this approach and as a first instigation I will now move the "Logistics & Supply Chain Management" to the ABS page. Later someone (including me) could categorize the existing list according to faculty.

RhinoMind (talk) 23:25, 15 December 2015 (UTC)

 * The Logistics and Supply Chain Management Masters programme was already mentioned at the Aarhus University, School of Business and Social Sciences. This demonstrates that the current way of listing degree programmes is too confusing. RhinoMind (talk) 02:18, 16 December 2015 (UTC)

--

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Residence Halls?
With the exception of Parkkollegierne, the residence halls have nothing much to do with the university, as they are for people enrolled in an education at any facility, not just AU. Should it be a section then? maybe rename it to fit the ones that are actually a part of the university, and mention that the vast majority of students live in other housings? loran1212 (talk) 08:30, 23 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Hi. Good idea. RhinoMind (talk) 07:03, 25 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Well, thinking about it, the section might contain essential information to students at Aarhus University. Even if the residence halls are not restricted to AU students only. RhinoMind (talk) 16:31, 25 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Hm, I'm not sure the section has its place there, at least in its current form. Aarhus University also has students in Herning, Copenhagen etc. about which no housing info is provided. I think the text about parkkollegierne and kollegiekontoret can be used in some way, maybe a subsection somewhere, but I don't think the unsourced list of dorm names (most without separate articles) is super useful in itself. I'm open to working the text into something else if people do not protest. Replayful (talk) 15:50, 28 July 2022 (UTC)

The links below belong to some other section on this TalkPage. Can someone move them somehow? RhinoMind (talk) 07:04, 25 October 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Aarhus University


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Bill Phillips

Bill or Billy Phillips may refer to:

Entertainment

 * Bill Phillips (singer) (1936–2010), country music singer from the 1950s and 1960s
 * Bill Phillips (author) (born 1964), fitness and nutrition author
 * Billy Phillips (TV personality), Geordie Shore participant

Sports

 * Bill Phillips (first baseman) (1857–1900), Canadian baseball player
 * Bill Phillips (pitcher) (1868–1941), American baseball pitcher and manager
 * Bill Phillips (ice hockey) (1902–1998), ice hockey player
 * Bill Phillips (rugby union) (1914–1982), New Zealand rugby union player
 * Billy Phillips (born 1956), American soccer player

Other

 * Bill Phillips (economist) (1914–1975), New Zealander known for the Phillips curve and Moniac hydraulic computer

title: Bill Phillips


text:
Talk:Plasmid

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
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Comments
In our science books it says that the plasmid (DNA) only occurs inthe prokaryote cell. So how would it occur in the eukaryote cell?

 * Propagation of plasmids in eukaryotes particularly the yeasts has been possible for at least 30 years. How do you think studies of chromosome loss are carried out? In fact, eukaryotes can propagate several different plasmids simultaneously and with much greater efficiency than bacteria which has a hard time propagating two different plasmids. Eukaryotic molecular biology almost always involves plasmid manipulation. Please see review by Sherman http://dbb.urmc.rochester.edu/labs/sherman_f/yeast/Cont.html

 * Science books rapidly become out of date as they are unable to update themselves; articles in journals represent the best option for obtaining up to date facts on any given scientific topic. Whilst it is true that plasmids are frequently associated with bacteria, there are several examples of plasmids in fungi and plants. They are often linear, provide no real benefit to the host organism and exist for the "selfish" purposes of their own propagation usually via the host cellular machinery.

 * Yeasts are often used as an alternative to bacteria for the expression of mammalian proteins cloned in recombinant plasmids (YEp vectors).

Despite the fact that textbooks become rapidly outdated, I believe most of this information can be found in recent entry-level college textbooks. Poofyspikes 18:25, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

 * True. Though I'm guessing from the term 'science books' the question asker is probably using using a basic science text, and obviously things get simplified for reasons of both understanding and space

Regarding the 'conformations' section.

I'm not sure the following is true:

The relative electrophoretic mobility (speed) of these DNA conformations in a gel are as follows:
 * Nicked Open Circular (slowest)
 * Linear
 * Supercoiled
 * Supercoiled Denatured
 * Relaxed Circular (fastest)

Is it really the case that the two circular forms, which differ only in a single nick, have the largest difference in migration rate? Somehow I doubt this. Loris 17:30, 19 January 2006 (UTC) i wonder if u can explain more about their maintainence [Stanzin]14:57,31 January 2006

The conformation rate of migration information is almost certainly wrong. Supercoiled plasmids (knotted, more compact circles) should travel faster than relaxed plasmids (which are expanded circles). I have changed the order in the article to reflect this.

Autonomous replication
What do you mean by autonomous replication?

 * This means that they can replicate separately from the chromosome. They do of course use a lot of the cellular machinery to do this, but the point is that they regulate their copy-number independent of the chromosome. Loris 16:27, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

Episome
In vertebrate virology, the term episome always refers to non-integrated DNA that is replicated and segregated to daughter cells. For example see Cell (2004) 117:349 PMID: 15109495. Do bacteriologists really use the word episome to refer to integrated DNA? It's puzzling given that the latin roots mean "upon body." Retroid 13:17, 19 May 2006 (UTC)

 * The definition of an episome is an extrachromsomal element that is capable of integration into the host cell chromosome, at least in bacteria. The difference with eukaryotic terminology is puzzling. I shall try and look into it. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 23:04, 27 January 2008 (UTC)

I'm trying to find the definition of an episome, and this article contradicts itself on the subject. The text says they're not integrated, the picture says they are, the caption of the picture says they aren't. Help? 24.82.209.151 (talk) 07:54, 7 December 2007 (UTC)

The two external links for episomes are both broken. Does anyone have any more recent links that would be pertinent? Agathman (talk) 13:47, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

It seems that 'episome' (at least for eukaryotic cells) is a DNA molecule NOT chromasomally integrated, but capable of replication. See Both episomal and integrated forms of human papillomavirus type 16 are involved in invasive cervical cancers or this free-access review Transfer and Expression of Foreign Genes in Mammalian Cells. (talk) 12:37, 23 January 2010 (UTC)

Episomes are found in prokaryotes, your article says eukaryotes. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 8.27.221.86 (talk) 11:22, 26 April 2014 (UTC)

Color Blind
The diagram here is green and red, which is difficult for some to see. Maybe green could be blue instead?Alex Dodge 03:26, 17 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Just did the first one but then realised that the problem one is probably fig 4? Is that so? David D. (Talk) 03:53, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

Cost of commercial preparation
After considerable digging, I found a price for commercial preparation of plasmid DNA (see article). I'm not sure whether a link to a commercial site is appropriate in the article itself, but as documentation, here it is: http://www.natx.com/PlasmidSmPrice.html 67.119.13.131 07:01, 8 January 2007 (UTC)

Spamming Wikipedia
Biologicalworld.com has spammed wikipedia like no tomorrow. He is a site of only a few pages and a LOT of adsense. Not much information is given except for "protocols" which are not referenced, and cannot be trusted from a site of that quality.

check: Links from Wikipedia

The following have been cleaned up:

 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmid
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gel_electrophoresis
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_fluorescent_protein
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homology_(biology)
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HeLa
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protease
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restriction_enzyme
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petri_dish
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_domain
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trypsin
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligonucleotide
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_electron_microscope
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agar_plate
 * en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_phosphate
 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sciencetalks (talk • contribs) 02:37, 4 January 2008 (UTC)
 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sciencetalks (talk • contribs) 02:37, 4 January 2008 (UTC)
 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sciencetalks (talk • contribs) 02:37, 4 January 2008 (UTC)
 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sciencetalks (talk • contribs) 02:37, 4 January 2008 (UTC)
 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sciencetalks (talk • contribs) 02:37, 4 January 2008 (UTC)

Computer programs?
The last I knew Plasmids are not "4-bit computer programs" that are "downloaded" to bacteria, this is deffinatly not true, so I propose that the article should have all mention of a DNA=computer language removed. If I'm mistaken, please tell me so. ace ma'noyanort lu ave matthew (talk) 23:39, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

Yeast Plasmids and TRP1
Consider adding the keyword links to the Yeast Plasmids seccion, and talking about TRP1. EmanCunha 12:10, 8 January 2009 (UTC)

Suicide Vectors
Any chance there's someone around that knows exactly how they work, that feel like posting? I got a definition over http://www.everythingbio.com/glos/definition.php?word=plasmid%20suicide%20vector but it's not really useful. --193.136.128.19 (talk) 16:48, 13 January 2009 (UTC)

Plasmids in popular culture
Would it be wrong to create a section about the use of Plasmids in Rapture? 131.170.90.4 (talk) 17:45, 12 August 2010 (UTC)
 * How exactly do you mean? Blackmetalbaz (talk) 17:46, 12 August 2010 (UTC)

 * In the video game "Bioshock", the term Plasmid is used to describe discrete genetic enhancements that the player (and enemies) can use. Not much fluff about it, but they might have read what they are before they named them that.  207.159.180.79 (talk) 18:34, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

Plasmids - bacterial antibiotic resistance
I worked too many moons ago with E.coli and looked at antibiotic resistance transfer carried on plasmids. We regarded these as the most important vectors and thus a crucial contributor of horizontal gene transfer of drug resistance. Frequently were demonstrated plasmids that carried multiple resistance which could be readily and at great speed passed between species in a highly "promiscuous" manner. Surely we should carry a discussion of this issue in both "Plasmid" and "HGT" sections. It explains so clearly the danger of hospital and farm based resistances as one such chemical selects for multiple resistance plasmids which are then cross exchanged between multivarious bacterial species present.KrisHemin (talk) 23:57, 14 November 2010 (UTC)

Plasmid size
"Plasmid sizes vary from 1 to over 1,000 kbp."

I doubt that there are any plasmids smaller than roughly 500 bp.

Plasmids vary in size; the smallest plasmid is only 846 bp long and contains only one gene.

Markus29 (talk) 13:37, 6 February 2013 (UTC)

inline ref format
I'm assuming this is what was intended, and I think someone reading the article with no knowledge of the underlying wikitext would assume too. I'm guessing that the editor who added he multiple reference didn't know about the "name=" parameter.

And the ref does seem appropriate for the subject matter. It supports the material well.

But I'm not sure that the format is quite right. It would be good for someone with more knowledge of citation formats to check it. Andrewa (talk) 02:20, 24 October 2013 (UTC)

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Species not an applicable concept?
' Plasmids can be transmitted from one bacterium to another (even of another species) ' I don't think this is admissable; the concept of species doesn't really apply to bacteria. Since bacteria reproduce asexually they don't find mates within their own species; all bacteria of a variety are clones.Dean1954 (talk) 12:47, 13 October 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Plasmid


text:
Helsinki Institute of Physics

The Helsinki Institute of Physics (HIP, Fysiikan tutkimuslaitos, Forskningsinstitutet för fysik) is a physics research institute operated jointly by University of Helsinki, Aalto University, University of Jyväskylä, Lappeenranta University of Technology and Tampere University of Technology. The operations of the institute began on September 1, 1996. The foundation of the institute was provided by the three previous Helsinki-based institutes: SEFT, TFT (University of Helsinki) and HTI (Helsinki University of Technology), which were merged into the new organization. The current director of the institute since 2017 has been prof. Katri Huitu. The institute is responsible for the Finnish research collaboration with CERN and Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research in Europe GmbH (FAIR).

The research is currently focused on following fields:
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title: Helsinki Institute of Physics


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Talk:GWR railcars

The first picture (the one labelled number ????) is not a railcar. It is a GWR autotrailer (no. 190 as seen from photo) which were used in push-pull mode with tank engines. Our Phellap 21:42, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah, I didn't think it looked much like a railcar! I've got a good photo of a autotrailer push-pull. Dunc|☺ 21:54, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, sorry about that :( chowells 02:36, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * PS there doesn't seem to be anything about the autocoach/autotrailer so it'd be interesting to get an article on one started. I'll see if I can do one soon. chowells 02:38, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * You really need to layout a page for all GWR coaches, not just the autocoaches. So you'll probably have to do some research. Dunc|☺ 10:05, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:GWR railcars


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User:Markus.J.Schmidt

see my homepage on http://www.mjschmidt.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/ Belron motorcheck

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E*vax

Evan Peter Mast, also known by his stage name E*vax or E.VAX, is an American electronic music artist and record producer. He is one-half of the New York–based electronic rock band Ratatat, alongside Mike Stroud.

Career
Mast met his Ratatat bandmate Mike Stroud when they were both students at Skidmore College. They released their self-titled debut album in 2004, followed by four more studio albums.

Mast has released 7-inch singles on Static Caravan Recordings and Mold Recordings, along with an EP in collaboration with musician Craig Wedren, most known as the lead vocalist and guitarist of the band Shudder to Think. Mast also recorded a track titled "The Mule" for the TV show Silicon Valley.

Mast has written and produced hip hop music as E*vax. His first credit was the track "Look Alive" performed by rapper Despot featuring Mast’s own band Ratatat from the record label Definitive Jux compilation album Definitive Jux Presents IV, released in 2009. Some years later he produced a track titled "$100 Bill" performed by rapper Jay-Z, which is the opening track from Music from Baz Luhrmann's Film The Great Gatsby released in 2013. Once again, he collaborated with Despot in 2015, producing the track "House of Bricks", the lead single from the rapper’s debut studio album We’re All Excited. In 2018, Mast worked together with rapper-producer Kanye West on the so called Wyoming Sessions, which led him to write and produce in the Kids See Ghosts's self-titled debut studio album tracks "Feel the Love", "Fire" and "Reborn"; as well as the Nas track "Adam and Eve" from the rapper's twelfth studio album Nasir, and also a track from Teyana Taylor's second studio album K.T.S.E. titled "Rose in Harlem". The next year he co-produced "Selah", the second track from Kanye West's ninth studio album Jesus Is King, while he once again collaborated with Teyana Taylor, producing her single "We Got Love" from her third studio album The Album, released in 2020.

As E.VAX, he released a self-titled album on September 17, 2021. It was announced in June 2021. He released two singles from the album, "Rabindra" and "Karst".

Other ventures
E*vax and his brother E*rock operate their independent record label Audio Dregs. His first album, Parking Lot Music, was released on 4 April 2001. Mast's music uses everyday sounds to create simple electronic beats.

Production and songwriting credits

 * Despot – "Look Alive" (featuring Ratatat) – Definitive Jux Presents IV (2009)
 * Kid Cudi – "Pursuit of Happiness" (featuring MGMT & Ratatat) and "Alive (Nightmare)" from Man on the Moon: The End of Day (2009)
 * Jay-Z – "$100 Bill" from The Great Gatsby: Music from Baz Luhrmann's Film (2013)
 * Despot – "House of Bricks" – We’re All Excited (2015)
 * E*vax – "The Mule" from Silicon Valley (Music from the HBO Original Series) (2017)
 * Kids See Ghosts – "Feel the Love" (featuring Pusha T), "Fire" and "Reborn" from Kids See Ghosts (2018)
 * Nas – "Adam and Eve" (featuring The-Dream) from Nasir (2018)
 * Teyana Taylor – "Rose in Harlem" from K.T.S.E. (2018)
 * Kanye West – "Selah" from Jesus Is King (2019)
 * Teyana Taylor – "We Got Love" from The Album (2020)
 * Kid Cudi – "Elsie's Baby Boy (Flashback)" and "The Pale Moonlight" from Man on the Moon III: The Chosen (2020)
 * Kanye West – "God Breathed", "Moon", "Jail", "Jail pt. 2", "Lord I Need You" and "Never Abandon Your Family" from Donda (2021)
 * Vory – "Daylight" (featuring Kanye West) from Lost Souls (2022)
 * Kid Cudi – "Willing to Trust" (featuring Ty Dolla $ign) and "Livin' My Truth" from Entergalactic (2022)
 * Tainy – "11 y Once" (with E.Vax & Sech) from Data (2023)
 * Travis Scott – "Sirens" from Utopia (2023)
 * Kid Cudi – "Everybody Like" (featuring Pusha T) from Insano (Nitro Mega) (2024)

title: E*vax


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User:Manueltpe~enwiki

My name is Manuel T. C., born 12 May 1975 Lima, Perú.

I like Economics, Business and Politics. I like to read about Nobel Prize in Economics theories and biographies, i like also learning about MBA, Master and Doctorates Ph.D. or DBA, i have 360 brochures about postdegree of the best school of business around the world.

Profession: Economist at San Martin de Porres University. Peru.

Languages : Spanish and English.

Some contributions to Wikipedia :

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Dark Mr Vader is a gamertag on Xbox Live. He is one of the best players at Halo 2. He is also a pimp master and cool.

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Talk:Alias season 5

Merge from Renée Rienne
There's no reason the very minimal info in Renée Rienne can't be here instead. Objections? -- SCZenz 22:42, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * There's really no telling how long this character will stick around or how pivotal of a role she'll play. This article is made for short synopsis' of the episodes during this season, not bios. I'd rather merge the information to List of characters from Alias. Perhaps put her bio there kind of like Characters of Lost. K1Bond007 00:47, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Ok, can you just merge her somewhere? The fact that she might be important later is not a reason for a separate article now--Wikipedia is not a crystal ball. -- SCZenz 00:52, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Done. K1Bond007 01:05, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

The horizon
Material from the article "The horizon" really belongs here not in the previous suggestion. But yes
 * Merge - here :: Kevinalewis  :  (Talk Page) / (Desk)  15:55, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

Deleted trivia item
I deleted this trivia item from the season finale section:

Jack has mentioned in season three of the series when Sloane was still in World Health Organization in a threat on a different that: "He will bury him", reference of the writer in that season that he will eventually bury him alive forever in this last episode of the series.

If someone can translate that into English, please feel free to do so and put it back. Thanks. 23skidoo 20:47, 26 November 2006 (UTC)

Number of episodes
Cleaned-up the explanation of the number of episodes in the article. I can't see the reason to indicate the "drop" in episode numbers, since there were 4 double-length episodes that gave viewers nearly a normal (21 instead of 22) length season. 121.208.181.37 07:49, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:AliasS5.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:ProphetFive.jpg
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International Titles
Hi, I've just begun editing this section. I will take care of the German titles, hoping my English (for the re-translation) isn't too bad. Greets from Germany - Octavianus —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.188.163.185 (talk) 15:42, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

Colour contrast problems
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Talk:Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad

Untitled
Is there a comma after Chicago? Even official sources have it both with and without. The STB appears to have many more matches with the comma. --SPUI (talk) 21:45, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've always seen it without, so that's how I created the page. slambo 23:20, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Logging Railroad
I just found an interesting photo, but I do not know, how it is related to cht C.C. & P. Railroad. --NearEMPTiness (talk) 07:20, 20 July 2018 (UTC)


text: Category:Magazines published in Finland

title: Category:Magazines published in Finland


text:
Opisthacanthus rugiceps

Opisthacanthus rugiceps is a species of African scorpion.

Distribution
Opisthacanthus rugiceps is found in East Africa, and extends further than 15° south only in Malawi.

Systematics
Opisthacanthus rugiceps belongs to the "asper group" in the subgenus Nepabellus of the genus Opisthacanthus in the family Hormuridae.

title: Opisthacanthus rugiceps


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