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Buckland Common

Buckland Common is a hamlet in Buckinghamshire, England. It is located in the Chiltern Hills, 4 mi east of Wendover and the same distance south of Tring in Hertfordshire with which it shares a boundary. The northern end of the settlement is delineated by a short section of Grim's Ditch. It is in the civil parish of Cholesbury-cum-St Leonards.

Prehistoric
Evidence of prehistoric settlement has been found in the form of a Palaeolithic handaxe found on a ploughed field'. A section of the Chiltern Grim's Ditch linear earthwork, which is believed to have been constructed during the Iron Age, marks the northern boundary of Buckland Common. Though what remains is eroded and only a poorly preserved ditch and bank are still visible.

Medieval
The area today called Buckland Common had in Edward the Confessor's time been the southern and upland part of the manor of Buckland which was under the control of the see of Dorchester. Following the Norman Invasion, Buckland had become incorporated into the estates owned by the Church of Lincoln. This upland area would have originally comprised impenetrable scrub woodland but gradual clearance created pasture land which provided advantageous grazing for cattle and sheep. Perhaps this location was chosen on account of it being more sheltered lying as it does in a slight depression in comparison to the surrounding land. It is believed the first permanent settlement began in the 16th century, around the time when Henry VIII seized the lands from the Earl of Warwick in 1522.

Post medieval period
Around 1540, Queen Mary I granted a tenancy to Sir Anthony Browne, whose daughter Elizabeth married Baron Richard Dormer a wealthy landowner from Wing. Richard's descendant the First Earl of Carnarvon was killed during the English Civil War at the first Battle of Newbury. The Parliamentarians sequestrated the lands around 1653 although they were subsequently restored to the Carnarvon estate in the 1700s. By marriage it passed to the Chesterfield family and was held by Philip Stanhope, 5th Earl of Chesterfield in 1813. After his death it passed into private hands and was owned by the Lord of the Manor, Peter Parrot.

Industry and economy
Evidence from pottery shards and a number of kilns have been found dating industrial activity to before 1700. These made use of local clay deposits from clay pits, of which a number of which have been identified, to make pottery with a distinctive manganese-brown. This activity contributed to the development of the settlement during the first part of the 18th century. Fine examples of this pottery are to be found in the nearby Chequers Museum. Though this pottery production then ceased clay continued to be dug to support a thriving brick making industry which survived into the 20th century. Agriculture provided the main employment during the 19th and first half of the 20th centuries, though a cider factory which opened in the 1900s was for a time also an important part of the local economy.

This increasing industry also supported at least three beer houses. The oldest of these and first licensed in 1698 was The Boot, which in 1864 was renamed The Boot and Slipper and remained in business until 1976. The Britannia Pub's early history is unknown but was the first to close in 1939. The Rose and Crown, licensed in 1863, changed its name in 1967 to The Horse and Hounds before ceasing to trade in 1984. All three are now private properties.

Development of the settlement
Establishment of the village of Buckland Common happened much later than other similar daughter settlements in this part of the Chilterns. The schism was eventually hastened by the action of the Commissioners for Enclosure in 1842 who oversaw the dividing up of the 15 acre of common land between villagers, enabling the creation of a largely autonomous community. All that remained of the once extensive common was a small rectangular allotment of land. The plot was heavily depreciated through clay and gravel extraction during the 18th and 19th centuries and it was used as a rubbish tip up until the 1950s. During the 1960s restoration work was undertaken to enable it to be used for recreation purposes and was given protection through its registration as common land. Known today as The Green it is owned and maintained by the Parish Council "for the enjoyment of local people".

The Rothschild family were prominent farmers and landowners. Around 1920 they were responsible for improving the tied cottages of their farm workers by building, in typical Rothschild style, two new terraces of cottages along Little Twye Road and replacing dilapidated tenements in Parrotts Lane.

Prior to 1860, Buckland Common did not have its own church, being technically part of Buckland Parish. From this time it had a Strict Baptist Chapel, followed by a rapidly built wooden Anglican chapel of ease commissioned specifically to counter the impact of the non-conformist mission. The church was unable to sustain a congregation, was decommissioned and eventually was pulled down in about 1939. The Baptist Chapel continued but was converted to a private dwelling in the 1980s. The graveyard of the Baptist church remains open and is owned by the Grace Baptist Association.

Before 1973 primary school age children from the village attended St Leonards National School in the nearby village of that name, which was founded in 1860. Since the closure of the school children attend Hawridge and Cholesbury Church of England School in Hawridge.

Governance
Until 1934 Buckland Common remained a remote part of Buckland Parish known as 'Upper Buckland'. Together with Cholesbury, Hawridge and St Leonards, which are locally known as hilltop villages it now forms part of Cholesbury-cum-St Leonards civil parish. The parish council purchased land in 1974 which it divided into allotments for parishioners. Adjacent to this a small development of public housing was built at the same time.

Notable People
Roland Beamont (August 1920 – November 2001), RAF fighter pilot and experimental test pilot stayed for a short period in Buckland Common during 1945. His first wife, Shirley, is buried nearby in the churchyard at St Leonards, Buckinghamshire.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Buckland Common


text:
David White (actor)

David White (April 4, 1916 – November 27, 1990) was an American stage, film, and television actor best known for playing Darrin Stephens's boss Larry Tate from 1964 to 1972 on the ABC situation comedy Bewitched.

Early life
Born on April 4, 1916, in Denver, Colorado, he later moved with his family to Phoenixville, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Los Angeles City College and began acting at the Pasadena Playhouse and the Cleveland Play House. He enlisted in the United States Marine Corps during World War II, and after his discharge, made his Broadway debut in 1949 in Leaf and Bough.

Career
White appeared on numerous television series in the 1950s and 1960s, including One Step Beyond, where he played a police officer. He made two guest appearances on the CBS courtroom drama Perry Mason. In 1960, he played Henry De Garmo in "The Case of the Madcap Modiste" and in 1963, he played newspaper editor Victor Kendall in "The Case of the Witless Witness". He also appeared in Peter Gunn, Mr. Lucky, The Untouchables, The Fugitive, Mission: Impossible, My Three Sons, Father Knows Best , Bonanza, Have Gun – Will Travel, My Favorite Martian, and Dick Tracy. He appeared in two episodes of The Twilight Zone: "I Sing the Body Electric" and "A World of Difference." Also in 1963, he appeared on Alfred Hitchcock Presents as Detective Burr in "An Out for Oscar", and as Lance Hawthorn in "The Dark Pool". Though primarily known for television work, White had several memorable supporting feature -film roles, including portraying a sleazy columnist in Sweet Smell of Success (1957), The Apartment (1960), in which he played a philandering executive, and Sunrise at Campobello (also 1960) and The Lawbreakers (1961).

In 1964, White was cast as sycophantic advertising executive Larry Tate on Bewitched, a role he played for the show's entire run (1964–1972). The character is president of the McMann & Tate advertising agency, workplace of Dick York's (and later Dick Sargent's) Darrin Stephens character. Many of the show's episodes revolved around Tate's attempts to land lucrative advertising accounts. This is the role for which he would become best-known both during his life and posthumously. Larry Tate's baby boy Jonathan was named after White's son. White also directed one season-six episode of Bewitched, "Sam’s Double Mother Trouble".

Following the end of Bewitched, White was a popular character actor on numerous television series for the next decade, including The Love Boat, Remington Steele, Adam-12, The Rockford Files, Columbo: Identity Crisis, What's Happening!!, Rhoda, Quincy, M.E., The Odd Couple, Cagney & Lacey, Wonder Woman and Dallas. He played the role of J. Jonah Jameson in the pilot episode of the television series The Amazing Spider-Man. His final role came in 1986 on an episode of Dynasty. He also appeared in the movies The Happy Hooker Goes to Washington and Disney's Snowball Express, and had a prominent role in the 1985 version of Brewster's Millions starring Richard Pryor.

Personal life
White's first marriage was to stage actress Mary Welch. On May 31, 1958, Welch died of complications from her second pregnancy. Their son, Jonathan, died on December 21, 1988, at the age of 33, in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland.

White married actress Lisa Figus in 1959, with whom he had a daughter, Alexandra. They divorced and Figus remarried, date unknown.

Death
He died of a heart attack on November 27, 1990, in North Hollywood, California, aged 74.

title: David White (actor)


text: Talk:The World of Shannara

title: Talk:The World of Shannara


text:
User talk:Kanetrain

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title: User talk:Kanetrain


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User talk:Kaprio

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title: User talk:Kaprio


text:
Mr. Irrelevant

Mr. Irrelevant is the nickname given to the person drafted with the final pick of an NFL draft. Most players drafted with the very last draft pick do not even end up playing in an actual NFL game, let alone go on to having successful careers in the NFL. Oftentimes, a player chosen with this pick is released from the team that drafted them before preseason or training camps begin. Some notable exceptions include Jacque MacKinnon, Ryan Succop, and Brock Purdy.

History
"Mr. Irrelevant" and "Irrelevant Week" began in 1976 when former USC and pro football receiver Paul Salata founded the event in Newport Beach, California. Salata had himself had a short and "irrelevant" career in professional football, playing the 1949 AAFC season as a member of the San Francisco 49ers and in the 1950 NFL season for the first Baltimore Colts, and sought to bring attention to other unlauded players for whom a professional career was likely to be fleeting.

Originally organized by Salata and fellow members of the Balboa Bay Club, after each draft the new Mr. Irrelevant — last player selected in the annual NFL draft — and his family are invited to spend a week during the summer in Newport Beach. A trip to Disneyland, a golf tournament featuring a main foursome consisting of the highest-handicapped golfers from each of four neighboring courses, a No Start/No Finish regatta, a roast giving advice to the new draftee, and a ceremony awarding him the Lowsman Trophy are traditional activities associated with "Irrelevant Week". The trophy mimics the Heisman Trophy but depicts a player fumbling a football.

"Irrelevant Week" gave so much publicity to "Mr. Irrelevant" that in 1979 the Los Angeles Rams, with the penultimate pick, intentionally passed to let the Pittsburgh Steelers, with the last pick, choose first. The Steelers also wanted the publicity and passed as well. The two teams continued to refuse to choose a player until NFL Commissioner Pete Rozelle forced the teams to pick, with the Steelers winning the pick. The incident led to the "Salata Rule", which prohibits teams from passing to get the final pick.

Prior to the establishment of Mr. Irrelevant in 1976, the first final pick to make the Pro Bowl was Bill Fischer, who was the last pick in the 1948 NFL draft. He was drafted by the Chicago Cardinals after his junior season at Notre Dame. He opted to stay in school, and won the Outland Trophy as the nation's top interior lineman in 1948. The Cardinals drafted him again in 1949, this time with their first-round pick.

The last player chosen in the 1961 NFL draft, Jacque MacKinnon, had a successful 10-season career. However he signed with the San Diego Chargers of the rival American Football League instead of with the Philadelphia Eagles. He appeared in two AFL All-Star Games in 1966 and 1968. He is one of only three final picks to appear in a Pro Bowl or the equivalent.

Jimmy Walker was the final pick in the 1967 NFL draft, despite never having played college football. His main sport, however, was basketball, in which he was a consensus All-American and the nation's leading scorer as a senior at Providence College. Walker was the first pick in the 1967 NBA draft, and opted for a career in the NBA.

The first Mr. Irrelevant to play in the Super Bowl was Marty Moore, a special teams player drafted last in 1994, who played with the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XXXI.

Salata announced the final pick of each NFL draft until 2013; from 2014 his daughter took over in announcing the pick.

Notable selections
Since the NFL Draft was cut to its current seven-round format in 1994, players presented with this dubious honor have more often succeeded in making the team that drafted them, with some making significant contributions.

 * Tyrone McGriff was perhaps the most successful Mr. Irrelevant from the pre-1994 era. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers with the last pick of the 12th round in 1980. He made the 1980 NFL All-Rookie Team, and played two more seasons for the Steelers. In 1983, he moved on to the Michigan Panthers of the upstart United States Football League. He won a league championship ring that year, as well as a spot on the USFL All-Star Team.
 * John Tuggle started five games as a fullback his rookie year, and was named the 1983 New York Giants Special Teams Player of the Year. However, during the 1984 training camp, he was diagnosed with cancer. He never played again, and died in 1986.
 * Marty Moore, a special teams player, became the first Mr. Irrelevant to play in a Super Bowl with the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XXXI and first Mr. Irrelevant to win a Super Bowl with the New England Patriots in Super Bowl XXXVI.
 * Mike Green played a significant role in the Chicago Bears secondary in the 2000s, and played from 2000 to 2008.
 * Jim Finn was on the roster as a fullback for the New York Giants on their victory in Super Bowl XLII. Prior to the 2007 season, Finn was placed on injured reserve and never played a game for the Giants on their road to the Super Bowl that year, having been replaced by Madison Hedgecock. He had been the Giants fullback for four seasons.
 * Ryan Succop, the 2009 designee, became the starting kicker for the Kansas City Chiefs. He went on to tie the NFL record for highest field goal percentage by a rookie in a season with 86.2 percent, and also passed NFL Hall of Famer Jan Stenerud for most field goals made by a rookie in Chiefs history. Succop was awarded the Mack Lee Hill Award that year. He has been a starting kicker since his rookie season. Succop moved on to the Tennessee Titans for the 2014 season and was signed to a contract extension in early 2018 before being released in March 2020 and signing with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in early September. He proceeded to win Super Bowl LV with the team, becoming the second Mr. Irrelevant to win an NFL championship, and first to play and win a Super Bowl as a starter and an active player.
 * Chad Kelly, the 2017 designee and former Ole Miss quarterback, is the nephew of former Buffalo Bills quarterback and Hall of Famer Jim Kelly. Drafted last largely because injury and discipline questions had lowered his previously high draft stock, Kelly progressed to become the Denver Broncos' second-string quarterback by the 2018 preseason before being released on October 24, 2018. He later signed with the Indianapolis Colts. After moving to the Canadian Football League, Kelly won the 109th Grey Cup in relief of Toronto Argonauts starting quarterback McLeod Bethel-Thompson. The following season Kelly led the team to a 16–2 record before they lost in the playoffs to the eventual champions in Montreal. He was later awarded the CFL most outstanding player for that season.
 * Brock Purdy, the 2022 designee, was propelled into the starting quarterback role for the San Francisco 49ers after injuries to the first- and second-string quarterbacks, Trey Lance and Jimmy Garoppolo. In his rookie season, Purdy became the only rookie quarterback to beat Tom Brady in a starting debut. Purdy became the first Mr. Irrelevant to complete a forward pass, a touchdown pass, and a rushing touchdown in the regular season.  He won all five games he started as San Francisco completed a 10-game winning streak to close out the season, after which he became the first Mr. Irrelevant quarterback to start and win in a playoff game. Purdy was ultimately named a finalist for Offensive Rookie of the Year, finishing third place in voting. Purdy remained the starting quarterback in 2023, leading the 49ers to a 5–0 start, a repeat division title, and an appearance in Super Bowl LVIII, where he became the first Mr. Irrelevant to throw a touchdown pass in a Super Bowl, while setting a new single season franchise record for passing yards.     That season, he finished fourth place in MVP voting and was named to his first Pro Bowl, becoming the first 49ers quarterback in two decades to earn the honor. Purdy has been nicknamed "Mr. Relevant" for his immediate impact and rise to prominence.

title: Mr. Irrelevant


text:
User talk:Jpiskor

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17:37, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jpiskor


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/David Hanson (Sculptor/Robotics Researcher)

from VfD:

Not very notable, did some doctoral work that got a little press attention, but nothing meriting a bio here. --fvw *  18:15, 2005 Jan 6 (UTC)

 * KeepI just moved this page to where it is, as it was sharing a page with David Hanson (MP)'s biog which I thought deserved its own page. I had to create a disambiguation David Hanson page for it, but didn't really know if it was relevant.  Having altered links to the page, I saw that there are a few pages that link to it, chronicling some detailed research, so it is relevant in some respect.81.153.212.124 18:41, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep - Developing one of the world's most advanced robot heads is fairly notable in my opinion, and his work has been covered internationally (there's a BBC article about it). - Starblind 19:45, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * It should be noted that the bbc tech/sci news department do a lot of these fluff pieces, many of them about interesting or fun but (in my opinion) non-notable subjects. And the "most advanced robot head" claim from the article is nonsense ofcourse, this is merely (one of) the most realistic imitations of a human head. --fvw *  19:51, 2005 Jan 6 (UTC)
 * And or course that always comes down to the individual's opinion of what notability, uh, denotes. And I don't intend to say that mine is correct or yours is incorrect.  But it remains that Hanson is a pioneer in a very small field of research, whose work has attracted acclaim and attention on a global scale, which by itself puts him well above probably a good half of single-person Wikipedia articles. Starblind 20:10, Jan 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. He's in USA Today and the BBC and he's a leader in his field. This passes my notability test by a  comfortable margin. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 20:49, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. As others said. Paranoid 20:57, 6 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, borderline notability, needs expansion. Megan1967 01:39, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, seems no notability to me Ejrrjs | What? 02:58, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. He's notable enough to be featured in various publications. --Deathphoenix 21:01, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable by any fair measure... Salazar 02:40, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Certainly looks notable to me. Raven42 14:07, 11 Jan 2005 (UTC)

end moved discussion


text:
User talk:Heatherkat

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Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

17:38, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Heatherkat


text:
File:The-Little-Rascals.jpg

Licensing
Victor Sloan

title: File:The-Little-Rascals.jpg


text:
Category:Pre-modern historians

Historians who lived before the early modern period (c. 1453-1789).

title: Category:Pre-modern historians


text:
User talk:Kcbradley05

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17:38, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:DNA_rep4.gif
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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Image legality questions. 11:41, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kcbradley05


text:
Consumer Council for Water

The Consumer Council for Water (CCW) is a non-departmental public body whose sponsor department is Defra. CCW is independent of both the regulator, Ofwat, and the water companies.

CCW represents the interests of water and sewerage consumers in England and Wales. The organisation also provides impartial advice and advocacy for aggrieved customers. It has a remit to support both household customers of water companies and business customers of licensed retailers.

The head office is in the Government hub at 23 Stephenson Street, Birmingham. There is also an office in the government hub, Tŷ William Morgan, in Cardiff.

In March 2010, CCW added an online Consumer Support site where users can have their own questions/enquiries answered which can be accessed via its website.

In 2021 CCW undertook an independent review of water affordability support for Ministers in England and Wales.

title: Consumer Council for Water


text:
User talk:Tony1433

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text:
The Guest (album)

The Guest (originally titled Phantom Planet Was Here) is the second studio album by American rock band Phantom Planet, released on February 26, 2002 by Epic Records. It was reissued in November 2003 with four additional bonus tracks, music videos, photos, and lyrics scanned from the notebook in which the album was originally written.

The album produced the band's breakthrough hit, "California", which became the theme song to the Fox TV series, The O.C., in August 2003. Its music video aired on MTV2 in mid-2002.

The track "Lonely Day" is also featured on the Smallville and Laguna Beach soundtracks.

The figure seen running across the photo on the album cover is Australian musician Ben Lee.

Musicians
Phantom Planet
 * Alex Greenwald – lead vocals, guitar, keyboards
 * Sam Farrar – bass, backing vocals
 * Jacques Brautbar – rhythm guitar, keyboards, backing vocals
 * Darren Robinson – lead guitar
 * Jason Schwartzman – drums

Additional musicians
 * Adam Schlesinger – lyrics on "In Our Darkest Hour"

Production

 * Tchad Blake – production, recording, mixing
 * Jacquie Blake – engineering
 * Bob Ludwig – mastering
 * Mitchell Froom – production
 * Detourists – programming

title: The Guest (album)


text:
Leitrim GAA

The Leitrim County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Liatroma) or Leitrim GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Leitrim. The county board is also responsible for the Leitrim inter-county teams. The county football team play in the Connacht Senior Football Championship and compete in Division 4 of the National Football League. Considered "Connacht's traditional minnows" and "one of the GAA's Cinderella counties", Leitrim are never seriously seen as likely to win a major title. They have won the Connacht Senior Football Championship on two occasions, the first in 1927 and their second in 1994.

Governance
Enda Stenson became county chairman in December 2019.

Finances
In late-August 2022, it was reported that Leitrim GAA officials had requested funding from the Connacht Provincial Council and the GAA itself, ahead of the county's expected league and championship expeditions to play London and New York in 2023.

Football
Leitrim's football history has brought sparse reward. They first competed in the All-Ireland in the 1907 championship. They were beaten by Roscommon on a score of 0–03 to 0–01 in the Connacht semi-final in their first ever match. The county won its first ever match in the 1910 championship, beating Sligo in the Connacht quarter-final by 0–03 to 0–00. They were then beaten by Galway in the semi-final.

Leitrim did not record another win until the 1914 championship. They beat Sligo by 5–07 0–02 to qualify for their first ever Connacht final but were beaten by Roscommon in the decider. In the semi-final of the 1924 Connacht Championship, Leitrim forced Mayo to a draw, then refused to play extra-time. Galway went on to be beaten in the final by Mayo following a replay. In 1927, with training from Sean O'Hehir, father of the veteran radio commentator Micheál and with the help of good fortune when Connacht semi-finalists Roscommon had to line out without five players whose car had broken down, Leitrim won their first ever Connacht title. They went on to narrowly lose to Kerry by two points in the semi-final of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship.

John O'Mahony was appointed Leitrim manager to build on the success of the Under-21 team that won the 1991 Connacht Championship. He took Leitrim to the final of the 1994 Connacht Championship. Leitrim did not have an easy route to the final, beating Roscommon by a point and only overcoming Galway by a point in a replay. They took on Mayo in the final, overcoming O'Mahony's native county by two points in Hyde Park. O'Mahony's feat in leading the team that is traditionally the weakest in the province to that title is still heralded nationally to this day. Leitrim were ultimately beaten in the All-Ireland semi-final by Dublin at Croke Park. The first county to benefit under the parentage rule was also the first to lose their big catch, with the loss of Declan Darcy to Dublin depleting the panel in 1998, bringing Leitrim's most successful era to an end.

Leitrim won the FBD Insurance League in 2013, defeating their neighbours Sligo in the final. This was the county's fourth ever trophy and their first since 1994. They retained the title in 2014, defeating Roscommon in the final.

The county's Vocational Schools team have made it to two All-Ireland Vocational Schools Championship Finals losing to Carlow in 1972 and Donegal in 1995.

Hurling
On 20 May 2017, Leitrim defeated Sligo in Round 5 of the Lory Meagher Cup on a scoreline of 3–15 to 3–8 to qualify for the final at Croke Park.

On 22 June 2019 Leitrim defeated Lancashire on a scoreline of 2–23 to 2–22 after extra time to win the 2019 Lory Meagher Cup and qualify for the 2020 Nicky Rackard Cup.

Martin Cunniffe, who had been Leitrim senior hurling manager since 2011, resigned in November 2019.

Former players include Tim Slevin.

Leitrim's hurlers announced that their jerseys would feature the words "No to Racism" during the 2021 season.

 * Lory Meagher Cup (1)
 * Champions: 2019
 * Runners Up: 2017
 * Connacht Junior Hurling Championship (4)
 * 1969, 1970, 1975, 1976
 * Connacht Minor Hurling Championship (1)
 * 1965
 * Connacht League Shield (1)
 * 2022

Ladies' football
Manager: Hugh Donnelly.

Leitrim have the following achievements in ladies' football.

 * All-Ireland Junior Ladies' Football Championship (1)
 * 1988
 * All-Ireland Intermediate Ladies' Football Championship (1)
 * 2007
 * All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship – Runners up
 * 1984
 * Connacht Ladies' Senior Championships (7)
 * 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1991, 1992

Camogie
Under Camogie's National Development Plan 2010–2015, "Our Game, Our Passion", three new camogie clubs were to be established in Leitrim and a county board assembled by 2015.

title: Leitrim GAA


text:
Codnor Castle

Codnor Castle is a ruined 13th-century castle in Derbyshire, England. The land around Codnor came under the jurisdiction of William Peverel after the Norman conquest. The building is registered as a Scheduled Ancient Monument a Grade II Listed Building and is officially a Building at Risk.

William Peverel
The castle is a stone keep and bailey fortress, and was established by William Peverel. The present fragmentary remains represent a three-storey keep and a strong curtain wall and ditch, flanked by round towers. The outer bailey is on a lower level, and was constructed at a later period. The castle overlooks the Erewash valley and the counties of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire. It originally had a deep moat, and on its eastern side, there was once a considerable abundance of trees, which have now been cut down. On the west side, there was a courtyard that was strongly fortified by huge round towers, which had battlements. In other parts of the ruins, there is evidence that the outer walls had arrow-loops included to allow bowmen to use them if necessary.

Henry de Grey
By 1211, it was owned by Henry de Grey, a descendant of the Norman knight Anchetil de Greye. Henry's descendants include the long line of Lords Grey of Codnor, the Lords Grey of Ruthyn, Wilton and Rotherfield, Lady Jane Grey and the Earls of Stamford, and the extinct families of the Dukes of Suffolk and Kent. His son Richard settled in Codnor and was a loyal Baron to Henry III. Along with his brother John, they served the King in the Holy Land. John Grey distinguished himself in the Scottish wars, and found himself in great favour with Edward III. Together with William D'Eincourt, the Lord Grey commanded all the knights of Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire in case of an invasion. Henry, the last of the family, died during the reign of Henry VII without a legitimate heir. He left part of his lands to his illegitimate sons, Henry and Richard, and part to his widow, Katherine Stourton.

Zouche family
The remainder went to his aunt Elizabeth Grey, who in 1429 married Sir John Zouche, the youngest son of the fourth Baron Zouche of Harringworth. Sir John Zouche of Codnor was three times High Sheriff of Derbyshire. The castle remained in the hands of the Zouche family for two hundred years until they sold up and emigrated to Virginia in 1634.

Streynsham Master
Sir Streynsham Master, High Sheriff of Derbyshire, who bought the Codnor Castle estate in 1692, is reported as the last resident of the castle. He lived there until his death in 1724.

Access and media coverage

The castle site is not open for public access, though there are public footpaths across the upper field near the old keep (the North Court). The area around the farmhouse and farmyard is private property.

There are public footpaths to the Castle from Codnor Market Place, where there is an information board in partnership with Derbyshire County Council, as well as public footpaths from the east in the Erewash valley.

In June 2007, Channel 4's Time Team programme carried out an archaeological dig around the castle. A perfectly preserved gold noble of Henry V was found in the moat and is now displayed at Derby Museum and Art Gallery.

Most Haunted Live! visited the castle as part of a paranormal investigation 'As Live' special in 2017. The programme was broadcast in March 2018.

title: Codnor Castle


text:
Charles Albert Berry

Charles Albert Berry, DD (14 December 1852 – 31 January 1899), English nonconformist divine.

Life
He was born at Bradshawgate, Leigh, Lancashire, the son of Peter Berry (died 11 December 1873) of 18 Chapel Street, North Meols, Stockport, joiner and cabinet maker, by Sarah (died 13 June 1892). Berry's father was a confirmed member of the Church of England, but became a Congregationalist by conviction. The family moved to North Meols when Berry was five years old and received his education there.

In 1867 he came under the influence of Dr. J. M. Macaulay, for many years a minister of the Dutch Reformed Church, New York, who resided in England from 1867 to 1871. He received Berry into the church, and prepared him for college. At the age of seventeen he entered Airedale College, Bradford, to train for the Congregational ministry, and in 1875 became pastor of St George's Road Congregational church, Bolton. He became widely known as a man of administrative ability, a vigorous platform speaker and an eloquent preacher.

In July 1883 he undertook the pastorate of the church at Queen Street, Wolverhampton, with the supervision of nine dependent churches in the neighbourhood. Here again he exercised a wide influence, due in part to his evangelical conviction, eloquence, broad views and powers of organization, but also to the magnetic force of his personality.

In 1887 he went to America in fulfilment of a promise to Henry Ward Beecher of Brooklyn, and received a unanimous invitation to succeed Beecher in what was then the best-known pulpit in the United States. Berry, however, felt that his work lay in England and declined the invitation. In 1892 he took part in a conference at Grindelwald on the question of Christian Reunion, and subsequently, with Hugh Price Hughes and Alexander Mackennal of Bowdon, conducted a campaign throughout England, introducing the ideas and principles of Free Church federation.

He was the first president of the Free Church congress, and in 1897 he was president of the Congregational Union of England and Wales. He played an effective part in expressing the popular desire for peace between England and America in reply to President Cleveland's message on the Venezuelan boundary dispute, and was invited to Washington to preach in connexion with the endeavour to establish an international arbitration treaty.He was twice conferred with the degree of Doctor of Divinity, by Iowa College, United States, in 1893, and by St. Andrews, Scotland, in 1895.

He married 11 August 1875 at the Chapel Street Congregational Church, Southport to Mary Agnes Martin of Osborne, Promenade, Southport, and had two sons and a daughter. His brother, Rev. Peter Rathbone Berry, DD, was minister of Fleetwood Congregational Church, 1874-76.

In 1898 his health began to fail, and he died suddenly on 31 January 1899 while conducting a funeral at the Wesleyan Chapel at Bilston, Staffordshire. His funeral took place on 4 Feb at the Queen Street Church and his remains were interred at Wolverhampton Cemetery. The funeral was attended by the mayor and corporation of Wolverhampton, and by representatives of the churches of all denominations.

His published works consist chiefly of addresses, and two volumes of sermons, Vision and Duty, and Mischievous Goodness.

title: Charles Albert Berry


text:
Mining sett

Mining setts were a legal arrangement used historically in the counties of Devon and Cornwall in South West England to manage the exploitation of land for the extraction of tin. The term was also used on the Isle of Man.

They were a form of licence by the holder of a set of tin bounds (or bounder) to allow a miner or group of miners (known as adventurers) to work the ground within the bounds for tin. Setts were usually granted subject to conditions, such as the requirement to actually work the ground and were also often limited to a specified depth of ground.

In return for the grant of a sett, the adventurers were required to pay a portion of the tin extracted to the bounders. This portion was known as farm tin. Its payment was in addition to the requirement to pay toll tin to the freeholder of the land and tin coinage duty on the refined tin before it could legally be sold.

title: Mining sett


text:
Talk:Gearing (finance)

merge to Leverage (Finance)
I agree with this - didn't realise the article on Leverage (finance) had already existed - OOPS!. (Thobius 17:40, 2 October 2005 (UTC))

title: Talk:Gearing (finance)


text:
West Virginia Route 86

West Virginia Route 86 is a north–south state highway located within Marshall County, West Virginia. The southern terminus of the route is at U.S. Route 250 and West Virginia Route 2 in Glen Dale. The northern terminus is at West Virginia Route 88 southeast of Benwood.

title: West Virginia Route 86


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Fredrick C. Billard

This page was created in error and all Wiki links have been redirected to the correct page, which is Frederick C. Billard. --TommyBoy 17:40, 2 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
Category:A Series of Unfortunate Events characters

__NOGALLERY__


text:
Talk:Nazi

You shouldn't dispute the neutrality of an article without starting a discussion on it.

In what way is this article not neutral?--Esprit15d 14:11, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Non-neutral refrences.
I would just like to point out that someone edited this article's content to say the following:

References

Writer's Block

Stan The Caddy

TV.com

Not exactly the best thing to type in a article, seeing as it's totally irrelevant to the article.

Please protect this redirect
I'm rather surprised to see that given the target of this redirect page, that it is not at least semi-protected (e.g. to prevent edits such as this one that I reverted). If someone reading this can do that, please do! :) -- Limulus (talk) 05:10, 1 January 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nazi


text:
UTC (disambiguation)

UTC most often refers to Coordinated Universal Time.

It may also refer to:

Organizations and institutions

 * Unicode Technical Committee, a part of the Unicode Consortium
 * Union of Communist Youth in Romania
 * Union Treiziste Catalane (UTC), feeder club of Catalans Dragons, a French rugby league club based in Perpignan
 * Union Treiziste Catalane, the former name of the Catalans Dragons
 * United Technologies Corporation, a former conglomerate (nowadays Raytheon Technologies, Otis Worldwide and Carrier Global)
 * United Theological College (disambiguation)
 * United Transitional Cabinet, a government-in-exile for Belarus created in 2022
 * Universidad Técnica de Cajamarca, a Peruvian football club from Cajamarca
 * Université de Technologie de Compiègne, a French university and grande école
 * University Technical College, a type of publicly financed but independently run school in England for 14- to 19-year-old students
 * University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
 * Utah Technical College (UTC), the former name of Salt Lake Community College
 * Uttarakhand Transport Corporation, a state owned transport company in Uttarakhand, India
 * Washington Utilities and Transportation Commission

Places

 * UTC, IATA code for Soesterberg Air Base in the Netherlands
 * University Transportation Center
 * Urban Transformation Centre, a public amenities centre in Malaysia
 * Mall at University Town Center, Mall at UTC, a shopping mall located in Sarasota County, Florida, United States
 * Westfield UTC, University Town Center, a shopping mall and transit hub in San Diego, California, United States
 * University City, San Diego, California, a neighborhood often referred to as 'UTC' because of the UTC mall

Other uses

 * Ultimate Typing Championship
 * Unified theory of cognition

title: UTC (disambiguation)


text:
User talk:Segatavis

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia , I hope you will like it here and decide to stay.

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Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

17:42, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Segatavis


text:
User talk:Blackdagger

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia , I hope you will like it here and decide to stay.

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Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

17:43, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Blackdagger


text:
Farm tin

Farm tin or the tin dues was one of a number of payments required of tin miners in Devon and Cornwall. The holder of a mining sett was required to pay a portion of the black tin extracted to the holder of the tin bounds in which the sett was granted. The portion was the "farm tin". The portion was normally interpreted to be one-twelfth of extracted tin: they were also required to play toll tin, calculated at one fifteenth.

title: Farm tin


text:
User talk:Wikifrodo

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia , I hope you will like it here and decide to stay.

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Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

17:44, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wikifrodo


text:
Laomedon of Mytilene

Laomedon (Greek: Λαoμέδων ὁ Μυτιληναῖος; lived during the 4th century BC) was a Greek military commander, native of Mytilene and son of Larichus. He was one of Alexander the Great's generals, and appears to have enjoyed a high place in his confidence even before the death of Philip II, as he was one of those banished by that monarch (together with his brother Erigyius, Ptolemy, Nearchus, and others) for taking part in the intrigues of the young prince.

After the death of Philip in 336 BC, Laomedon, in common with the others who had suffered on this occasion, was held by Alexander in the highest honour: he accompanied him to Asia, where, on account of his acquaintance with the Persian language, he was appointed in charge of the captives. Though his name is not afterwards mentioned during the wars of Alexander, the high consideration he enjoyed is sufficiently attested by his obtaining in the division of the provinces, after the king's death in 323 BC, the important government of Syria.

After the death of Alexander in 323 B.C., the Macedonian Empire was fought over by various of his generals. Judea being situated between Egypt and Syria, became a crossroads in the wars fought between these Diadochi. It was at first governed by Laomedon, the Mitylenian, one of Alexander captains, and after he was defeated by Ptolemy Soter, King of Egypt, the black Jews refused to violate their engagement to him. This he was still allowed to retain on the second partition at Triparadisus in 321 BC, but it was not long before the provinces of Phoenicia and Coele-Syria attracted the interest of his powerful neighbour Ptolemy. The Egyptian king at first offered Laomedon a large sum of money in exchange for his government. When the latter rejected his overtures, he sent Nicanor with an army to invade Syria.

Laomedon was unable to offer any effective resistance. He was made prisoner by Nicanor and sent to Egypt. However, he managed to escape and joined Alcetas in Pisidia. It is probable that Laomedon took part in the subsequent contest involving Alcetas, Attalus, and the other surviving partisans of Perdiccas against Antigonus, and shared in their final overthrow by Antigonus in 320 BC, but his individual fate is not mentioned.

title: Laomedon of Mytilene


text:
User talk:Akurei~enwiki

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia , I hope you will like it here and decide to stay.

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Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

17:44, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Editing the Namie Amuro Page
In the future, before editing the Namie Amuro page please read the discussion page. I had specifically given reasons for the removal of all the numbers from the discography. They really don't need to be listed outside of the individual pages (Not to mention, a few were them were wrong). Also, the compilation albums should have been left alone and not put into the regular albums section. They are not original albums, they do not have a place there. I'm trying to make the discography fit with Wikipedia's albums project.

Also, that thing you put at the end of the extra info section about her selling 27,000,000, that was already written down. Please read the section before you add new information. NATEamx 17:00, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Message
I was just wondering why you left this on my talk page:

"My number wrong ? I highly doubt it and I will continue to put her sales number up like others do for other artist pages. If you don't like it that's too bad and it's not like I will be the only one putting back up I'll have others Join as well."

It would seem this was not meant for me, but for another user. Also if you do leave messages, please sign them with four tildes like this: ~~~~.

Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]  17:27, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Minm2i.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Minm2i.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 15:22, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Minmi.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Minmi.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 10:27, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Akurei! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to ensure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. If you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 05:49, 17 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Minmi -

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Akurei. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Akurei~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

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Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 10:17, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Akurei~enwiki


text:
User talk:Willnapier

Welcome
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Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

17:45, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Willnapier


text:
User talk:Jim Reed

Welcome
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Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]

17:45, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jim Reed


text:
User talk:Dominic Smith

Welcome!

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lots of issues | leave me a message 17:45, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dominic Smith


text:
Lucas Scott

Lucas Eugene Scott is a fictional character and the main protagonist from The WB/CW television series One Tree Hill created by Mark Schwahn and portrayed by Chad Michael Murray. Lucas is a talented basketball player and writer. He is rival to half-brother Nathan Scott and the relationship between the two has become one of the series’ cores, changing a lot and evolving to the point the two will become best friends and eventually begin considering each other true brothers. While striving for his dreams, he must balance his tumultuous relationships with his father, Dan Scott, and is initially the centre of a love triangle designed between him and best friends and female leads of the series Peyton Sawyer, whom he’s actually loved since childhood, and Brooke Davis. In the end, Peyton has turned out to be the one for him, no matter what, while their relationship has become another of the show’s central themes. The third female lead, Haley James, is his best friend since childhood.

The character has been described as popular among teenagers and young adults, not only for his skill at basketball but for his romantic aspirations. Specifically regarding the character's impact on female viewers, Entertainment Weekly stated that his soulful eyes contributed to the show's success.

Casting
Chad Michael Murray was the first person to be cast for One Tree Hill. The producers were originally unsure as to who Murray would play. Series creator Mark Schwahn wanted him to play the character of Nathan Scott since Murray had played a bad guy several times before, and he felt it was only natural to give him this role. Murray, however, wanted to portray Lucas due to a connection he felt with the character. He felt that he could inhabit the character as the two share several similarities. Murray's mother left him when he was young, and Lucas was abandoned by his father. Murray's passion for the role led the producers to cast him as Lucas. Murray had turned down the lead role of Ryan Atwood in The O.C. to accept the role as Lucas Scott.

Personality and wardrobe
Schwahn said that in designing the show, he created Lucas as "this underdog kid from the wrong side of the tracks" who crosses over to the pretty and popular; he wanted to show what the life of such a person would be like in a basketball atmosphere.

For Murray, in addition to their shared abandonment issues, Lucas's love for literature also appealed to him. Murray had become a fan of the genre during high school, and felt it changed his way of seeing things; it made him rethink his own actions. Lucas has been described as "caught between being charming and a nerd, a hermit and confident". Murray said of the character, "He's very introverted." He described Lucas as an observer, someone who likes to watch people and try to figure out who they really are, as opposed to who they think they are, another aspect similar to Murray's own personality. Murray never played much basketball before the show, and was more into football while in high school. Because of this, a basketball coach was hired for Murray in order to improve his basketball skills. To go along with the character's personality, a "sedate" wardrobe was designed. Schwahn said of Lucas's wardrobe, "...He was a Levi's guy. He was, you know, he wore a lot of, like, plain T-shirts and things because we just wanted him to represent the everyman." Despite having the character start out this way, the series eventually let his wardrobe evolve. Starting from the fourth season on, he was given some "wilder stuff". Schwahn clarified, "You know, he can [now] rock something from Sean John, which normally would have been Nathan's department." He said the style of the characters really does evolve on the show, especially with the four-year timeline jump.

One Tree Hill's costume designer, Carol Cutshall, stated, "Diesel is so wonderful on [Murray]. Diesel jeans. It's an Italian company. A lot of times, Italian designers cut much more slimly...for a really lean physique." For the adult Lucas, she said that "they've had nice long sleeves and nice long shirts and really slim clothing and that looks best on [Murray]. He doesn't need to be swallowed up. He's got his own style as a person. It's not just up to me. I try to bring in what I think is going to fit him best." With the timeline jump, Lucas's main brands became Diesel, Guess menswear, and Juicy Couture.

Regarding the character's romantic life, Schwahn designed a love triangle between Lucas and the two female leads of the show, Peyton Sawyer, who turned out to be the one for him (although he had actually loved her since childhood), and Brooke Davis, creating an intense fan base rivalry. While describing Lucas and Peyton as soulmates and a "meant to be" pairing, he described Brooke and Lucas as "also genuine" and as having a great dynamic. He acknowledged that the fan bases are large and "very passionate" about their pairings. "There is a huge fanbase dedicated to Brooke and Lucas, and sometimes [those people] feel a bit betrayed, just as the fanbase dedicated to Peyton and Lucas felt betrayed [in Season 2, and parts of Season 3]," said Schwahn. "That tells me that we've done things correctly – that's the strength of a love triangle."

Overview
Lucas Scott is the son of Dan Scott and Karen Roe, and the nephew of Keith Scott; he has a younger half brother, Nathan Scott, on his father's side and a younger half-sister, Lily Roe Scott, on his mother's side (she is also his cousin through Keith). He was raised by his mother after his father abandoned them to marry Deb Lee, Nathan's mother. His uncle Keith, who always had feelings for Karen, took over the father figure role. Lucas grew up in Tree Hill, a small North Carolina town along with his best friend and later sister-in-law, Haley James Scott. He shares romantic bonds with Peyton Sawyer and Brooke Davis, is interested in basketball and literature, and suffers from the genetic heart disease hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Early seasons
At the beginning of the first season, 16-year-old Lucas Scott is recruited by coach Whitey Durham to play for the Ravens basketball team after most of the players are suspended for drunk-driving. He soon has troubles with his half-brother Nathan, who is also the Ravens captain, because Nathan wants to remain the star of the team and feels threatened by Lucas's arrival. Encouraged by Dan, who also wants Lucas off the team, Nathan and his teammates make life difficult for Lucas, on one occasion kidnapping him and throwing him into a ditch. Nevertheless, Lucas is determined to stay on the team (although he removes the name "Scott" from his jersey). He’s also had a big crush for Peyton (Nathan's girlfriend) for years, but he’s never had the courage to talk to her, until he goes help her with her broken down car and two finally speak for the first time, immediately developing a deep emotional connection. Disgusted by Nathan's behavior towards his brother, she eventually breaks up with him. Nathan retaliates by pursuing Lucas's best friend Haley, who agrees to tutor Nathan in return for him leaving Lucas alone. Lucas and Peyton’s bond keeps growing as they soon fall in love, but Peyton is initially scared of a romance with him (due to her fear of letting someone in because of the big losses she experienced) and rejects him. Lucas, devastated and heartbroken, starts dating Peyton's best friend, Brooke, as a rebound for her, but at the same time Peyton realizes she has made a mistake in turning Lucas away. He soon ends up cheating on Brooke with Peyton (though they don’t sleep together) because the two can’t deny how they feel towards each other anymore and he knows she is the one for him. On the night that Lucas and Peyton are about to tell Brooke they want to be together, he and Keith are involved in a car accident, and, for the first time in the series, Dan calls Lucas his son so that Lucas can get immediate treatment. Lucas wakes up from a short coma and breaks up with Brooke in order to be with Peyton, but she tearfully ends things with him too despite loving him out of guilt for betraying her best friend. Lucas's feelings towards Dan are challenged when he learns that Dan wanted joint custody of Lucas, but Karen refused. He also finds himself in Dan's position when Brooke claims to be pregnant, although this turns out to be false as Brooke was lying to seek her revenge on Lucas for breaking her heart. His friendship with Peyton is broken too once she learns he’s had a one-night stand with new resident Nicki not long after she broke up with him. However, his relationship with Nathan improves as Lucas realizes that he got a better deal than Nathan, who is damaged as a result of being raised by Dan. Wanting a fresh start, Lucas decides to leave town with Keith. Lucas and Nathan have a final conversation where Nathan calls Lucas his brother and Lucas says, "I'll miss you, little brother." Before leaving with Keith, he goes to say goodbye to Haley and discovers that she and Nathan have married.

In season 2, Lucas and Keith return to Tree Hill after Dan has a heart attack. Lucas tries to make up for his behavior with Peyton and Brooke and becomes friends with both of them. He also starts seeing a new girl named Anna Taggaro, but they break up amicably when Anna accepts that she's bisexual. Lucas discovers that he has inherited Dan's heart condition, but does not tell anyone except Dan. After discovering that Keith's new girlfriend Jules was actually hired by Dan to break Keith's heart, Lucas agrees to move in with Dan if he leaves Keith alone and pays for his heart medication. This sets Lucas at odds with his mother, as she cannot believe that Lucas would want to live with Dan rather than her. It also causes a new rift between Lucas and Nathan, as Nathan feels that Lucas is replacing him and is bitter about Haley's departure to go on tour singing. Lucas and Karen are reconciled when she learns half of the reason he is staying with Dan, which is to protect Keith. This plan to protect his uncle fails when Jules leaves Keith at the altar and Keith leaves town after discovering that Lucas and Karen knew that she was hired by Dan. Lucas discovers Deb's painkiller addiction and decides to avenge all of Dan's victims. He finds a stash of cash and an incriminating ledger in the attic at Dan's dealership and plans to expose Dan's illegal dealings, but ultimately fails as Dan has also incriminated Deb. Dan then reveals that the whole thing was a set-up to test Lucas's loyalty, which Lucas failed. As a result, he loses Dan's college fund for him (which Dan had been saving since Lucas was a baby) and even his heart medication. Nathan also ends his friendship with Lucas after discovering that Lucas had planned to bring Dan down and visited Haley behind his back in an attempt to patch up her and Nathan's marriage. Then, in the season finale, Lucas kisses Brooke and confesses that he wants to be with her because he's suddenly developed some true feelings for her. However, Brooke still leaves for California to spend the summer with her parents leaving him without an answer because she remembers how insecure and bad she felt when she was with him. Ultimately, it is just Lucas and a broken-hearted Peyton (because boyfriend Jake left her) for the summer and the last shot is of the two of them sharing a meaningful hug on the beach after they’ve finally made amends and reconciled.

In season 3, after having spent the whole summer together with Peyton, growing closer again and forming a great friendship by hanging out, sharing mutual secrets and intimate things, resulting in their bond becoming stronger than it has ever been, Lucas remains at odds with Dan, who accuses him of starting the fire at the dealership that nearly killed him. Dan tries to strangle Lucas on the basketball court, but Peyton, having learned the truth from Lucas, tells Dan that Lucas actually saved him from the fire. Lucas also protects the true arsonist: Deb. Lucas and Nathan continue to argue over Nathan's treatment of the returned Haley and have a public fight after Lucas accuses Nathan of being just like Dan. Lucas struggles to pay for his heart medication and steals money from his mother, which Haley sees, forcing him to tell her about his condition. He also become set on getting Brooke back and agrees to have a non-exclusive fling with her, who doesn't trust him because of their past, but a series of events leads Brooke to sleep with Chris Keller, tearing them apart. Even after that, Lucas and Brooke still don’t give up on the idea of being together: in fact, when she shows the 82 letters she’s written him during her vacation but did not send and tells him she wants to be with him, he decides to forgive her, then the two agree to start a real relationship. Meanwhile, he and Nathan gradually become friends again. Keith returns, and he and Karen finally get together and become engaged. Keith also plans to adopt Lucas. Tragedy strikes when Lucas's former friend Jimmy Edwards brings a gun to school and fires it, accidentally hitting Peyton and causing a lockdown ("With Tired Eyes, Tired Minds, Tired Souls, We Slept"). Lucas rushes into the school to save Peyton, who, during a weakness moment because she's lost a lot of blood and thinks she would die, tells him she loves him and the two share a brief but meaningful kiss. Lucas is then devastated by Jimmy and Keith's eventual deaths and, after seeing the effect of Keith's death on his mother, he decides to finally tell Whitey, Nathan, and Karen about his heart condition and quits basketball while growing apart from Brooke again due to them not being able to get each other and communicate, in particular during this tough moment. He goes on a college tour with his mother and realizes that he wants to become a writer. He is also Nathan's best man for his vow renewal to Haley, during which he and Brooke have a massive fight after he let it slip about the kiss with Peyton during the school shooting: this, in turn, causes Brooke to question her and Lucas' entire relationship, feeling that their relationship has never had emotional connection enough to be a real couple even regardless of Peyton. Their destiny is left uncertain, despite having certainly reached their worst moment.

At the beginning of season 4, Brooke breaks up with Lucas, feeling that they’ve grown too far apart. Lucas does a little try to get her back, but she acts immaturely towards him, so he quickly stops his pursuit of her, stating that he's not the guy for her. One day, he hurries to save Peyton from Internet stalker "Psycho Derek", meanwhile he becomes closer and closer to her, who has realized she is still in love with him. He also helps Karen, who is pregnant with Keith's baby, and plans on going to the University of North Carolina when he graduates so that he can be close to home in case she needs him. Dan also helps Karen with her pregnancy, wanting to make amends for Keith's death. After talking with Dan, Karen persuades Whitey to let Lucas play 15 minutes a game, so as not to let him miss out on something he loves. Brooke and Lucas try one last date, but both immediately realize it was a huge mistake as they've both understood they are not meant to be: when Lucas tells Peyton it’s over for good between him and Brooke, she finally declares her love to him, who is speechless because totally unprepared. Lucas then discovers that Nathan is planning to throw the State Championship game because of his debts. Lucas plans to prevent this and deliberately fails to take his heart medication in order to play better, but Nathan is inspired by learning that he is going to have a son and they win, with Lucas making the winning shot. During the celebration, after Brooke tells him she is fine with him getting together with Peyton as she’s understood herself they are meant to be, Lucas finally tells Peyton she is the one he wants next to him when all his dreams come true with his iconic "It's you" speech, then the two share a long-awaited kiss in the middle of the court. They officially become a couple at the after-party, but their happiness is short-lived when Haley gets hit by a car and Lucas tries to tell the paramedics what happened, only to suffer a heart attack. As he is in the hospital, Lucas dreams that he is visited by Keith, who shows Lucas what life would have been like if he had been a lesser person. In the end, Lucas realizes that he has to go back to his life because he never told Peyton that he loves her. Lucas wakes up and finally begins his relationship with Peyton, both of them happier than they've ever been. After the failed attempt of prom in Tree Hill High, the group go on a rescue mission to save Mouth who has become stranded in Honeygrove. They all then crash the local Prom, where he and Peyton finally make love for the first time. He also begins to investigate Keith's death, as the Keith in his dream suggested that Jimmy did not kill him, but he also starts getting closer to Dan, who tells Karen he wants a bigger part in Lucas's life. Lucas discovers the truth about Dan thanks to witness Abby Brown. He attacks Dan after walking in on him and Karen kissing and tells Karen that Dan killed Keith, but Dan convinces Karen that Lucas is delusional and needs help. Lucas then steals Deb's gun and confronts Dan in front of Karen, having set him up by sending him a message from "Abby". Karen collapses and Lucas fires a warning shot at Dan, telling him not to touch her. Karen is rushed to hospital with eclampsia and has an emergency c-section. Lucas is given a half-sister, who is named Lily Roe Scott when Karen regains consciousness. Later, Dan turns himself in for Keith's murder. Lucas graduates and gets, as a reward, his book (An Unkindness of Ravens) from his mother. That same day, he becomes an uncle with the birth of Nathan and Haley's son, James Lucas Scott, partly named after him. Lucas is named the godfather of James and announces that he will be assisting Whitey as Nathan's college basketball coach, but temporary separating from Peyton because she's going to study in LA and he doesn't want her to give up one her dreams to be with him: the two decide to go long distance, ending high school together and on a high note.

Missing years
One year from season 4, Lucas becomes the head coach of the Cobras, his college basketball team, and leads them to victory in the championships. Thinking about his future, he goes to see Peyton and asks her to marry him. She declines, feeling that it is too soon. As he is about to leave LA, his novel is picked up by a fresh new editor, Lindsey Strauss. It is a moment when his greatest dream came true. He is about to call Peyton, but decides against it, and instead calls Brooke. They spend a crazy evening together, and, in the end, he kisses her because he feels lonely and drunken. Although Brooke still has mild feelings for him at the time, she pushes him away, remembering Peyton and that he’s just drunk, heartbroken and still completely in love with her. One year later, he is scheduled to have a book signing in LA where Peyton is living and working. Having missed her and still loving her, he calls her and invites her to come to the signing. Peyton comes, but witnesses Lindsey giving Lucas a congratulatory kiss and, assuming they are in a relationship, leaves, thinking there is no hope for her and Lucas. Lucas thinks that Peyton did not bother to come and loses every hope of getting bsck together with her, and consequently, after some time, begins dating Lindsey.

Final seasons
In season 5, almost five years after high school graduation, Lucas, now 22, suffers from writer's block and is under pressure from his editor/girlfriend Lindsey. He also tries to help Haley with her son, James Lucas Scott. When Peyton comes back home, she reveals to him that she did come to the signing, and then inspires him by repeating his quote "Your art matters, that's what got me here", prompting him to begin writing again. When he tells Peyton that the bartender she is flirting with at the Clothes Over Bros store opening is not good enough for her, it becomes obvious that, despite his relationship with Lindsey, he still loves Peyton. After remembering the night he proposed, he goes straight to her house, though she is not there, but Brooke, who she is now living with Peyton and has finally completely moved on from him, understands what's happening and teases him about still being in love with her best friend. When Peyton begins to antagonize Lindsey, he goes to confront her, but things escalate into a verbal fight about their break up. A little bit later, after Peyton confesses she still loves him and kisses him, he kisses her back, passionately, but later proposes to Lindsey because of his fear of being rejected again by Peyton, leading her to tell him that she will bury her feelings so that he can be happy, which is the most important thing to her. He then wins his first game as the Ravens coach, although the female counterparts miss it because they were locked in the library. He soon has to go to Dan's parole and speak up in order to have him stay locked up. He decides to have Nathan as his best man and then fuses his bachelor party with Lindsey's. He also gives Haley his new book, and she tells him not to marry Lindsey after reading it because she realizes that it's about Peyton and his everlasting love for her. Lucas proceeds with the wedding anyway, but Lindsey stops it after realizing herself that his book is about Peyton. She leaves him at the altar and, when he chases after her, he sees her bags packed. After a confrontation, she leaves saying "People always leave, Luke. You know that." (A reference to one of Peyton's famous lines, also featured in his first book). Lucas then flees to stay with his mother and Andy after the failed wedding. Andy convinces Lucas to go after Lindsey, prompting him to go to her and tell her that one day she will come back to him. She comes back to Tree Hill for Jamie's 5th birthday, but tells Lucas that it is really over. He then helps Brooke cope with having baby Angie around. After Lindsey calls him to tell him she is seeing someone, he blows up after an opposing player gets away with attempting to injure Quentin Fields, drawing himself a 10-game suspension. He then ends up in a self-destructive spiral and one night, heavily drunk, tells Peyton he hates her when she comes to his aid. He later apologizes to her after being hardly confronted by Haley: he tells her that he obviously doesn't hate her, that it was hard letting her go, hard seeing her again and that it's still really hard for him, making once again apparent his everlasting love for her. Lindsey comes by to tell him his book is over and he can e-mail her the dedication. When he does, she reveals by phone that she still loves him. He then decides to go to Las Vegas and calls someone to get married. Brooke, Peyton, and Lindsey are all shown answering the phone, and the viewers are left hanging as to whom he proposed to.

In the first episode of the sixth season, the audience discovers that it was obviously Peyton on the receiving end of Lucas's phone call. He waits to see if she actually arrives, and moments later, he finds her through the crowd, making her way toward him with bags packed. They share passionate kisses, Peyton glowing with happiness, and then board the plane on their way to Las Vegas. When they get there, they spend the night in a kinky Vegas hotel room. The next day, they go to the wedding chapel, but the tackiness of the place convinces them that this was the wrong decision. Instead, Peyton takes Lucas to the hotel room where he first proposed to her and they do it all over again, but this time Peyton says "yes" before he has even asked the question, finally becoming engaged. On their way back to Tree Hill, he proposes to her to move in together in his house and she happily accepts. With the upcoming release of his new book, Lucas travels to New York to meet with Lindsey, and eventually tells her about his engagement to Peyton. He soon starts his book tour, but it fails fast and is canceled, so he returns home to Peyton. After the two resolve problems and fears of moving in together and their relationship continues to grow stronger, Lucas is offered a movie deal by Julian Baker. Julian asks Lucas questions about Peyton before she gets there, and after she runs into Julian near the bathroom, it is revealed that he is her ex-boyfriend. For three weeks, Peyton fails to tell Lucas about Julian, and Lucas is angry when he discovers their past on his own. Although he is initially angry, they patch things up, and Peyton convinces Lucas to continue taking a part in the making of the film, despite his reluctance to work with Julian. The film is to be shot in Tree Hill, North Carolina. He also learns Peyton is expecting their first child. Though they initially have problems with Peyton's pregnancy, the fact that she may die if the baby is born, the two are eventually married by the lake where they first met, and have their reception at Tric. They soon have a healthy daughter, Sawyer Brooke Scott, which Peyton names after her best friend Brooke (similar to the naming of James Lucas Scott), and the two ride off into the sunset, finally leaving happily ever after.

For Season 7, Mark Schwahn, the series' creator, said Lucas and Peyton are traveling the world; they are spending time with Karen and her husband Andy, and Lucas is writing a new book. In the season opener, Jamie celebrates his seventh birthday, his second without his uncle. Lucas sends Jamie the basketball which was given to him by Keith on Lucas's seventh birthday. In the card, Lucas says he and Peyton miss Jamie every day. In the later half of the season, Jamie asks Nathan about his relationship with Lucas. Nathan tells him that although they were not close when they were younger they became more like real brothers as they got older. He said, "Having a brother is a lot like having a best friend, he helped make me the man I am today."

On August 30, 2011, it was confirmed that Chad Michael Murray would be returning to the series' final season as Lucas. He returns to Tree Hill as Haley reaches out to him for help regarding Nathan's disappearance.

Lucas returned to Tree Hill during season nine, per the request of Haley. She asks him to take the kids out of town to live with him and Peyton until she can find Nathan and bring him home. However, he still holds resentment towards Dan and refuses to show up at the hospital after Dan is shot by one of Nathan's kidnappers during the rescue attempt.

Reception
Lucas has been popular among teenagers and young adults, especially among female fans of the series, not only for his skill at basketball but for his romantic aspirations. His love life has been heavily debated among viewers. Don Williams of BuddyTV stated, "If you're a huge fan of One Tree Hill, chances are you've had a debate at some point about who Lucas Scott should ultimately settle down with". He added that the shipping fandom can be "an extremely rabid bunch" as lots of fans rooted for Lucas and Peyton from the beginning, while others hoped in a change of direction and that he would have ended up with Brooke, but eventually Peyton turned out to be the one for him, as planned from the get-go: in fact, Mark Schwahn, the series' showrunner, confirmed that the two were always supposed to be the endgame couple, describing them as "soulmates/meant to be”. MTV described Lucas and Peyton as the generation's Joey and Pacey, "the overly dramatic couple you could not help but root for", and the two emerged as one of the show's supercouples.     Their departure received significant media attention and was even picked as one of the "12 most essential episodes of One Tree Hill" in 2009 by fans at starnewsonline.com.

Regarding Murray's portrayal, Paul Cooke of DVDActive.com said, "Murray does a fine job as a brooding Lucas." Kelsey Zukowsk of 2snaps.tv said, "Chad Michael Murray as Lucas plays one of the deeper roles... [He] does far better as Lucas, the one who seems to be motivated by truth and what is right, than any movie role I have seen him in." Television Without Pity, on the other hand, stated, "Chad Michael Murray is almost too pretty, looks good pouting on promo posters and modeling sponsored fashions, and can only muster one and a half emotions convincingly."

title: Lucas Scott


text:
West Virginia Route 87

West Virginia Route 87 is an east–west state highway located in western West Virginia. The western terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 2 southwest of Mount Alto. The eastern terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 62 northeast of Evans and 3 mi west of Ripley.

title: West Virginia Route 87


text:
Talk:Autarchy

Language Problems
This statement is wrong:

Autarchy should not be confused with "autarky", which is a closed economic system centered on self-sufficiency.

Autarchy is Autarky, I believe the difference in spelling is a contrast between Britsh English and American English. Here's a British website that agrees... --JDnCoke 17:46, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

No, I believe the original statement was correct. The OED gives no suggestion that the term "autarky" is confined to the US, it has been in use in the UK over 3 centuries. However, confusingly, "autarchy" is listed as an alternative spelling for "autarky". Unless there are any objections I will remove all mention of the UK/US distinction from this pair of pages. Bosmon 23:33, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

I listed a source to the contrary, personally I have never come across the word Autarky until recently, I'll have to fish out a British Dictionary sometime but I'm very sure that the words are different. --JDnCoke 16:29, 30 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Seconded. For me too this is the first time I have encountered 'autarky'. Matthew 13:51, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Here is a well-respected British source, The Economist, defining "Autarky" in economic terms: . Here is another well-respected source defining "Autarchy" in political terms: . <nowiki></nowiki>&mdash;[[User:Thames|thames]] 15:04, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Not too convinced that The Economist should be held up as an example of typical British usage, given that about half of its readership is in the US. A good example of why not to would be The Economist's use of double inverted commas for speech - conventional British use is to use single inverted commas.  I'll consult Fowler's Guide to Modern English Usage when I get chance to and see what that says on the matter of 'autarchy'/'autarky'. Matthew 13:25, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Autarchy


text:
One Flea Spare

One Flea Spare, by Naomi Wallace, is a play set in plague-ravaged 17th Century London.

Synopsis
"A wealthy couple is preparing to flee their home when a mysterious sailor and a young girl appear sneaking into their boarded up house. Now, quarantined together for 28 days, the only thing these strangers fear more than the Plague is each other. Definitions of morality are up for grabs and survival takes many forms in this dark, fiercely intense & humorous play. The play deals with the clash of cultural, social, and sexual boundaries."

The play is published by Broadway Play Publishing Inc.

The title is derived from the poem The Flea by John Donne.

Productions
London (1995)

One Flea Spare premièred in London at the Bush Theatre on 18 October 1995.

Louisville, Kentucky (1996)

It had its American premiere in Louisville, Kentucky at the Humana Festival of New American Plays on 27 February 1996.

New York (1996)

The play opened in New York at The Public Theater on 9 March 1997 and won the OBIE Award for best play; it also won the 1996 Susan Smith Blackburn Prize, the 1996 Joseph Kesselring Prize and the 1996 Fellowship of Southern Writers Drama Award.

New York cast

 * Dianne Wiest as Mrs. Darcy Snelgrave
 * Mischa Barton as Morse
 * Bill Camp as Bunce
 * Jon De Vries as Mr. William Snelgrave
 * Paul Kandel as Kabe

France

In 2009 One Flea Spare was incorporated into the permanent répertoire of the French National Theater, the Comédie-Française. Wallace is the only living American playwright to enter the répertoire. Only two American Playwrights have ever been added to La Comédie's repertoire in 300 years: the other being Tennessee Williams. The play was translated into French by Dominique Hollier.

The Czech Republic

In 2011 One Flea Spare was incorporated into the permanent répertoire of Komorní scéna Aréna in Ostrava. It was translated by Andrea Hoffmannová and directed by Peter Gábor. Cast: Jan Fišar (William Snelgrave), Alena Sasínová-Polarczyk (Darcy Snelgrave), Josef Kaluža (Bunce), Zuzana Truplová (Morse), Marek Cisovský (Kabe).

Publication
One Flea Spare is published in an acting edition by Broadway Play Publishing Inc.

title: One Flea Spare