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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Romanceromance

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete (I'm giving little value to the last vote by some anonymous contributor which has also worked on the article him/herself. I don't doubt that it's a genuine organization, the point being made is that it of such limited importance that it does not deserve an article here.) Jitse Niesen (talk) 21:29, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Romanceromance
The article does not establish notability. Thue | talk 20:02, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Further to the nomination, they are nn. Most of their 150ish useful Googles are link-ads around the web and a few don;'t seem to be relevant at all. Ideas above their station? Goodness, they'll be wanting an encyclopedia article next! -Splash talk 21:23, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep RomanceRomance is a genuine student art organisation, based in Norwich, UK. Searching RomanceRomance (one word) on google, RomanceRomance-the art organisation is the first result.
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/George Hoang: The Hero of the New Free World

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Speedied A7/nonsense --Doc (?) 22:57, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

George Hoang: The Hero of the New Free World
An unencyclopedaic story- fan fiction? Dl yo ns 493  Ta lk   20:02, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Possibly a speedy. Sonic Mew | talk to me 20:11, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as patent nonsense. Too contextless even to be called a story. -- SCZenz 20:13, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy per SCZenz.--Isotope23 20:48, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Tipperary GAA

The Tipperary County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae Thiobraid Árann) or Tipperary GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Tipperary and the Tipperary county teams.

County Tipperary holds an honoured place in the history of the GAA as the organisation was founded in Hayes' Hotel, Thurles, on 1 November 1884.

The county football team was the second from the province of Munster both to win an All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC), as well as to appear in the final, following Limerick.

The county hurling team is third in the all-time rankings for All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) wins, behind only Cork and Kilkenny.

Governance
Tipperary GAA has jurisdiction over the area that is associated with the traditional county of County Tipperary. There are 9 officers on the Board including the Cathaoirleach (Chairperson), Sean Nugent.

Past presidents
Four Tipperary men have served as president of the GAA. Maurice Davin from Tipperary is the only man to have served two terms as president, while Seán Ryan represented Dublin from 1928 to 1932, though a native of Kilfeacle, County Tipperary. Ryan, a solicitor based in the capital, was the Association's legal advisor over a long period and played a central role in the acquisition and vesting of many club and county grounds in the GAA.
 * Maurice Davin: 1884–1887
 * Maurice Davin: 1888–1889 (second term)
 * Seán Ryan: 1928–1932
 * Séamus Gardiner: 1943–1946
 * Séamus Ó Riain: 1967–1970

Colours, crest and symbols
Tipperary's team colours are royal blue and gold. Tipperary teams wear blue jerseys with a horizontal gold bar across the center along with white shorts and blue socks.

The Tipperary crest features the Rock of Cashel prominently, with two crossed hurleys and a football below. In the year '1884', when Tipperary GAA was founded, is in the centre of the crest. The original crest was the coat of arms of the Butler family, Dukes and Earls of Ormond, whose arms were adopted by local authorities within their geographic area of influence in South Leinster and East Munster — most notably the county councils of Tipperary (South Riding), Kilkenny, Carlow and Wexford, and which — among other refinements — included a central band of colours, surrounded by star-like designs. This crest was used until the late 1990s when the current crest — depicting the Rock of Cashel with two crossed hurleys and a football — was adopted.

Tipperary did not have an official jersey in the early days of the GAA. Tipperary wore the colours of the county champion club. One example was a white jersey with a green diagonal sash. This jersey design is associated with Tipperary's most historic match in either code, the Bloody Sunday senior football encounter with Dublin at Croke Park in 1920. The current jersey is blue with a gold central band. Those colours were adopted from the Boherlahan, who were county champions in 1925. Those colours were also the colours of the Tubberadora team, which later became Boherlahan. There have been several minor adjustments, especially to the sleeve and collar areas over the years, and — especially — since the introduction of sponsorship in recent decades, which necessitates the reservation of space for company logos.

Clubs
Clubs contest the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship. That competition's most successful club is Thurles Sarsfields, with 36 titles.

County team
The teams of the Tipperary County Board, together with those of Kilkenny GAA and Cork GAA, lead the roll of honour in the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC). The Board's teams have won 28 All-Ireland SHC titles as of 2019 — the third most successful of all county boards. Three teams also have the distinction of twice winning three consecutive All-Ireland finals (1898, 1899, 1900) and (1949, 1950, 1951). The team of the 1960s is considered the greatest of all Tipperary teams. The county's fortunes declined during the latter half of the twentieth century to the extent that only seven All-Ireland SHC titles were won in the period 1966–2019; however, new systems and extensive work at underage level brought SHC titles to Tipperary in 2010, 2016 and 2019, with old rival Kilkenny defeated in all three. As well as being victorious in four minor and three U21 All-Ireland hurling finals since 2006. For more detail on hurling history, see here.

Historically, the captain of the Tipperary senior hurling team for each season was decided by the club that won the preceding Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship. For example, Willie Ryan was the team captain for 2009, as chosen by his club Toomevara. This system, however, meant there was little consistency from year to year and often meant that the team captain was not an integral part of the team or even a first choice player (as in the Willie Ryan example). For the 2010 inter-county season the responsibility for choosing the captain of the senior team was given to the Tipperary management team, with Eoin Kelly from the Mullinahone club becoming the first captain selected under this system and Declan Fanning acting as vice-captain.

Clubs
Clubs contest the Tipperary Senior Football Championship. That competition's most successful club is Fethard, with 21 titles. Clonmel Commercials comes next, with 18 titles.

County team
Tipperary won the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship on four occasions - in 1889, 1895, 1900 and 1920. As the football championship is contested by a much larger number of teams than in hurling, success is hard won because of the high standard attained by many counties. For details on football history, see here.

Camogie
Tipperary's sudden progress to senior status (junior title in 1992, Intermediate in 1997) was followed by five All Ireland senior titles in a six-year period 1999 to 2004. Since 1949 they had previously contested seven unsuccessful All Ireland finals during Dublin's period of dominance in the game, also losing to Antrim in 1979. They won the inaugural National Camogie League (click on date for teams) in 1976 and won a second title in 2004. St Patrick's, Glengoole won the All Ireland senior club championship in 1966 and 1967. Cashel won the title in 2007 and 2009.

Under Camogie's National Development Plan 2010–2015, "Our Game, Our Passion", five new camogie clubs were to be established in the county by 2015.

Player records
Deirdre Hughes, who was played in the "full forward" position, was a member of "The Sligo Boyz".

Notable players

 * Therese Brophy, All Star award winner
 * Jovita Delaney, Player of the Year recipient
 * Philly Fogarty, All Star award winner
 * Ciara Gaynor, Player of the Year recipient
 * Claire Grogan, All Star award winner
 * Emily Hayden, All Ireland final star
 * Liz Howard, former president of the Camogie Association
 * Deirdre Hughes,"Team of the century" member
 * Suzanne Kelly, All Star award winner
 * Noelle Kennedy, All Ireland final star
 * Julie Kirwan, All Star award winner
 * Eimear McDonnell, Player of the Year recipient
 * Una O'Dwyer, Player of the Year recipient
 * Trish O'Halloran, All Star award winner
 * Biddy Phillips, All Ireland final star
 * Joanne Ryan, All Star award winner
 * Meadhbh Stokes, All Ireland final star

Handball
Tipperary have not just excelled or contested the team sports regularly, Tipp also have competed in the handball competitions. By winning Senior titles in both Senior Hardball and Softball singles, Tipp are the only county to have won an All-Ireland in every sport under the GAA except Rounders, in which there is no official Senior inter-county championship.

Hardball singles
Tipperary have won two All-Ireland Senior Hardball singles titles. These have been both won by Pat Hickey in 1966 and 1971. Tipp are currently 10th on the all time Hardball roll of honour, 11 titles behind 2nd place, 13-time winnersKilkenny and 15 times winners, 1st place Dublin

Hardball doubles
Tipperary have won eight All-Ireland Senior Hardball doubles titles. These were won in 1929, 1931, 1962, 1968, 1972, 1975, 1989 and 1995.

Softball singles
Tipperary have won three All-Ireland Senior Softball singles titles. These were won in 1948, 1950 and 1983. Tipp are currently 7th in the all time Softball roll of honour, 9 behind 12 times winners, 2nd place Dublin and way behind 25 times winners Kilkenny.

Softball doubles
Tipperary have won eight All-Ireland Senior Softball doubles titles. These were won in 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1942, 1949 and 1950. Tipp are currently 3rd on the all time roll of honour, just 4 behind Kerry in second place with 12 and Kilkenny in first place, with 19.

40x20 singles
Tipperary have won five All-Ireland Senior 40x20 Singles titles. They were won in 1981, 1982, 1983, 1993 and 1994.

40x20 doubles
Tipperary won an All-Ireland Senior 40x20 Doubles title in 1991.

Rugby

 * Kilfeacle and District RFC

Stadium information

 * Name: Semple Stadium
 * Town: Thurles
 * Capacity: 55,500
 * Inauguration: 1981
 * Stand(s): Ardan O'Choinneain; Ardan O'Ríain
 * Terrace(s): Killinan End; Town End

Also known as Thurles Sportsfield, re-developed in 1981 and renamed 'Semple Stadium' after Tom Semple, one of the famous Thurles Blues. The second biggest GAA stadium in Ireland.

title: Tipperary GAA


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NIG

NIG or Nig may refer to:

 * NIG (insurance company)
 * Nig (nickname), various people
 * Nig, Iran
 * Nig, a canton in Ayrarat, Armenia
 * Naigaon railway station (station code: NIG)
 * National Institute of Genetics
 * Ngalakgan language (ISO 639:nig)
 * Niger, IOC country code
 * Nigeria, ITU country code
 * Nigger (Nig or Nig-nog), a racial slur
 * Nik, South Khorasan, romanized as Nig
 * Nikunau Airport (IATA: NIG)
 * Normal-inverse Gaussian distribution

title: NIG


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Michael MacKellar

Michael John Randal MacKellar (27 October 1938 – 9 May 2015) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the Liberal Party and served in the House of Representatives from 1969 to 1994, representing the Division of Warringah. He was Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs (1975–1979) and Minister for Health (1979–1982) in the Fraser government.

Biography
MacKellar was born in Moree, New South Wales and educated at the Sydney Church of England Grammar School, before attending the University of Sydney and University of Oxford. He was an agricultural scientist, working at the New South Wales Department of Agriculture and lecturing at the University of Sydney and New South Wales before he entered politics. He was first elected to Parliament in 1969, taking over from the controversial Edward St. John. In June 1974 he joined the Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Immigration Minister.

Fraser government (1975–1983)
In December 1975, MacKellar was first appointed to the front bench as the Minister for Immigration and Ethnic Affairs, a position he held until 1979, when he became Minister for Health and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister. In Opposition, MacKellar acted as Shadow Minister for Science.

MacKellar attracted some controversy over his handling of an incident involving the improper importation of a colour television set. In 1982, a ministerial staffer submitted an incorrect customs declaration form when arranging for the set to be imported. When this was discovered, a fellow Minister, John Moore, attempted a cover-up. Moore and MacKellar both accepted responsibility and resigned as ministers.

In Opposition (1983–1994)
Following the 1983 election defeat he returned to the frontbench as Shadow Foreign Affairs Minister, before being demoted to Shadow Science Minister after the 1984 election. After Andrew Peacock resigned he moved to the backbench.

He contested the Liberal Deputy leadership three times 1982, 1985 & 1987, finishing second to John Howard in 1982.

MacKellar resigned from Parliament on 18 February 1994, causing a by-election that was subsequently won by future Prime Minister Tony Abbott.

After politics
After leaving politics MacKellar became Chairman of the Australia New Zealand Food Authority in 1998. He also acted as Chief Operations Officer of the Baker Medical Research Institute and Chief Executive Officer of the Plastics and Chemicals Industries Association. MacKellar also served as the president of the Melbourne-based National Ageing Research Institute.

Personal life
Mackellar had three children, one of whom was autistic. His daughter Maggie was the subject of an episode of ABC TV's Australian Story. He died on 9 May 2015 at the age of 76. He was given a state funeral on 15 May 2015 at St John's Anglican Church, Toorak, Victoria.

title: Michael MacKellar


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Waterford GAA

The Waterford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Phort Láirge) or Waterford GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for all levels of Gaelic games in County Waterford. The County Board is also responsible for the Waterford county teams. The county board's offices are based at Walsh Park in the city of Waterford. The Waterford County Board was founded in 1886.

Hurling is the dominant sport, with the county having won the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) on two occasions: in 1948 and 1959. While football is the secondary sport in the county, it is widely played nonetheless. Waterford's greatest footballing achievement was reaching the 1898 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, which the team lost to Dublin.

Governance
Founded in 1886, the Waterford GAA board administers Gaelic games at all levels in County Waterford. This includes the sports of hurling, football, handball and rounders. The board officiates over both senior and underage competitions and both championship and league competitions in the county. The board is also responsible for both hurling and football county teams. The county is known prominently as The Déise, after the name of an ancient Irish kingdom which covered a vast part of modern County Waterford.

Colours and crest

Waterford's present colours are white and blue. Both county teams play in white shirts, with blue trim along with blue shorts and blue socks. Prior to 2002, the county wore white shorts. Waterford is one of only three counties whose uniforms are not manufactured by O'Neills; instead, they are made by Waterford-based Azzurri Sportswear (O'Neills did manufacture Waterford's jerseys up until 2002). Waterford hurling and football are presently sponsored by TQS Integration, and have been since 2017.

While the current jersey is white with blue trim, Waterford's original jersey was royal blue and white, with white shorts and blue socks. The change to the current jersey was made in 1936. Today, Waterford uses a blue jersey as its second jersey in case of a clash of colours.

The present crest was introduced in 2009 and features three Viking longboats from the crest of the city of Waterford, and a representation of the round tower in Ardmore. The crest introduced in 2009 was a further refinement of a crest introduced in 2003. The new crest replaced the original crest of the city of Waterford. The new crest was introduced as the Waterford GAA board were unable to copyright the old one due to it being a civil crest.

Clubs
Clubs contest the Waterford Senior Hurling Championship. That competition's most successful club is Mount Sion, with 35 titles.

Other competitions include:
 * Waterford Intermediate Hurling Championship
 * Waterford Junior Hurling Championship
 * Waterford Under-21 Hurling Championship
 * Waterford Minor Hurling Championship

1981–82 All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship: Mount Sion would win the county's first Munster club title, defeating South Liberties of Limerick in the final. James Stephens of Kilkenny would defeat Mount Sion by 3-13 (22) to 3-8 (17) in the All-Ireland final.

County team
The Waterford County Board was established in 1886 in Kilmacthomas and played in the Munster Championship for the first time in 1888, losing to Cork on a score of 2–8 to 0-0. The next fourteen years would consist of walkovers, first round defeats and not entering the competition at all. Waterford would finally win a championship match for the first time in 1903, defeating Kerry by 5–6 to 2–9. In their first Munster final, which did not take place until 1904, Waterford would lose to Cork. Waterford would not win another senior championship match until 1925 when Clare were defeated, only for Tipperary to beat them in only their second Munster final. Despite its present reputation as a hurling stronghold, football was initially the preferred Gaelic sport in Waterford: the county was one of only nine to compete in the inaugural All-Ireland football championship in 1887. It would be the last of the Munster counties to win a provincial or All-Ireland SHC title.

An 11-point win over Cork in the 1938 Munster semi-final saw Waterford into their seventh Munster final, where they defeated Clare by 3–5 to 2–5. They reached the county's first ever All-Ireland final after an easy win over Galway, where they lost to Dublin in Croke Park by 2-5 (11) to 1-6 (9). The following year, Waterford played in their first National Hurling League final, losing to Dublin by 1-8 (11) to 1-4 (7). If Limerick had proven to be Waterford's nemesis in the 1930s, defeating Waterford again in 1940 on their way to another All-Ireland, the 1940s belonged to Cork who would win the All-Ireland four years running from 1941 to 1944 and again in 1946, defeating Waterford in 1943, 1946 and 1947. By 1948 though, Waterford's time had finally come. Defeating Clare by two points in the Munster semi-final, the margin was even narrower in the Munster final against Cork, Waterford prevailing by a score of 4-7 (19) to 3-9 (18). Galway were overcome in the All-Ireland semi-final, and Dublin – containing RTÉ broadcaster Seán Óg Ó Ceallacháin in the half-forward line – were well beaten, on a score of 6-7 (25) to 4-2 (14). Waterford had won the Liam MacCarthy Cup at last. To add to the joy of 1948, the Minor team would win the county's second Munster and All-Ireland titles, defeating Tipperary (3-6 to 0–3) and Kilkenny (3-8 to 4–2) respectively. Limerick relieved Waterford of their titles in the first defence in 1949, defeating them by five points in the Munster semi-final. Waterford would not reach another Munster final until 1957. 1958 was the first year Waterford won through to the Munster final having won it the previous year, a win over Kerry setting up the shot at a repeat victory. However, Tipperary were convincing winners on a score of 4-12 (24) to 1-5 (8). Tipperary would also defeat Waterford in the county's second National Hurling League final appearance in 1959 by seven points. Galway were the first opponents in that year's Munster championship, and the Tribesmen were well beaten, 7-11 (32) to 0–8. Tipperary were waiting in the semi-final, where they choose to play against a stiff first-half breeze. Waterford took full advantage of this, scoring 8–2 in the first half without reply, and eventually winning 9-3 (30) to 3-4 (13). The county's fourth Munster title was secured with a three-point win over Cork in Thurles. In the All-Ireland final, Kilkenny would make life difficult for Waterford with a string of goals, and with minutes remaining Waterford found themselves in the incredible position of having outscored Kilkenny by seven yet still being three points behind. But Seamus Power's late goal ensured a draw, 1–17 to 5-5. Waterford did not repeat those mistakes in the replay, securing the county's second All-Ireland title, 3-12 (21) to 1-10 (13). The 1963 League final against Tipperary had Waterford win an eventful match by 2-15 (21) to 4–7 – the 'Home' final as the winners were due to meet New York for the title proper. There was to be no such free-scoring the 1963 Munster final though (reached after a six-point in over Limerick in the semi-final), Waterford edging a tense affair by 0–11 to 0–8, a result that would be Tipperary's only senior championship defeat between 1961 and 1965, effectively denying them a 'five-in-a-row'. In the All-Ireland final, Kilkenny were inspired by a 14-point haul from Eddie Keher to a 4-17 (29) to 6-8 (26) victory. There was some consolation for Waterford in the National Hurling League final 'proper', where after a scare in a drawn first game (3-6 to 3–6) Waterford won the replay against New York by 3-10 (19) to 1-10 (13).

Waterford would not win another senior title for nearly fifty years. 1974 brought the county's first All Star award, won by John Galvin. But a Cork team about to embark on a three-in-a-row of All-Ireland success hammered Waterford by 22 points in the first round in 1975, and the only county Waterford would beat in the Munster championship over the following six years was Kerry. The only bright spot at senior inter-county level would be Mossy Walsh's All Star award in 1980. The Centenary year saw relegation to Division Two of the National Hurling League, a quarter-final defeat by Galway in the Centenary Cup and a one-point defeat by Clare in the Munster championship. Waterford would have to wait until 1989 to win another championship match, a period which would see them relegated to Division Three of the National Hurling League. Waterford would return immediately to Division Two and reach successive League semi-finals in 1987 and 1988, where they were heavily defeated by Galway and Tipperary respectively. In the first round of the Munster championship in 1993, Kerry won in Walsh Park by 4-13 (25) to 3-13 (22), the Kingdom's first senior hurling championship win since 1926.

The appointment of former Cork All-Ireland winning trainer Gerald McCarthy as Waterford manager was seen as a statement of intent on the part of the County Board. A poor first half performance cost them dear in the first round against Limerick in 1997, but the introduction of the hurling 'back door' gave Waterford extra incentive to perform well in the 1998 championship, especially with a relatively kind draw in Munster. An excellent run in the National League saw Waterford reach their first final since 1963, laying the semi-final hoodoo with a five-point win over Limerick. A tight match in the final saw Cork pull away for a flattering win by 2-14 (20) to 0–13. The morale that had been raised on the back of that run in the League was nearly squandered as Waterford needed a late flurry of point to secure an even more flattering eight points win against Kerry. Despite this, confidence was high going into a semi-final that, due to the Munster finalists being guaranteed a place in the All-Ireland series, had an extra frisson of tension. The Waterford hurlers did not disappoint, securing a 0–21 to 2-12 (18) win over Tipperary. Waterford were back in the Munster final and heading for Croke Park. Tony Browne won his first All Star and also the Hurler of the Year award in 1998. But the Gerald McCarthy era, which had promised so much, ended in a cruel manner against Limerick in 2001. Waterford raced into a 2-6 (12) to 0–1 lead after 15 minutes, but Limerick hung in and scored three goals in the last ten minutes to break Waterford's resistance, winning in the end by 4-11 (23) to 2-14 (20).

It was with this unpromising setup that another former All-Ireland winner with Cork, Justin McCarthy became manager. An unremarkable League performance did not suggest Waterford were ready to topple Cork, but despite having a five-point second half lead eroded to nothing late in the game, Waterford held their nerve to score a late point from Ken McGrath and a 1-16 (19) to 1-15 (18) victory. The reigning Munster and All-Ireland champions Tipperary were warm favourites in the Munster final that followed. A spectacular display of shooting from Waterford gave the Déise a 2-23 (29) to 3-12 (21) victory that was more impressive than the final margin of eight points suggested. Waterford were confident of adding the All-Ireland crown to this first Munster title in 39 years. Despite a flying start in the semi-final against Clare, they eventually faded to lose by three points. The season was still a success from a Waterford perspective, and Fergal Hartley, Eoin Kelly and Ken McGrath were selected for All Star awards. Waterford began the defence of their sixth Munster title with an easy win over Kerry before meeting Limerick a match where, unusually among modern GAA championship matches, no cameras were present due to a fire safety issue at Thurles, thus ensuring only those who were there got to enjoy a thrilling tie, with Waterford as in 2001 racing into an early lead only to be hauled back by Limerick. The match ended level, 4-13 (25) each, but the televised replay was an anti-climax, with Waterford hanging on for a 1-13 (16) to 0–14 victory. The Munster final against Cork featured a hat-trick of goals from a player on the losing team, in this case John Mullane of Waterford. They had failed to make a first half breeze count and, despite the heroics from Mullane, Cork won by four points, 3-16 (25) to 3-12 (21). John Mullane's performance would be pivotal in him securing Waterford's sole All Star for the year, as the season petered out in the All-Ireland series with a disappointing 1-20 (23) to 0–18 defeat in Waterford's first ever championship match with Wexford. The 2004 National League saw Waterford reach their seventh final, secured by finishing top of a second phase of group games thanks to a late equalising point from Paul Flynn against Tipperary. There was more disappointment though as Galway were convincing 2-15 (21) to 1-13 (16) winners. To regain the Munster title, Waterford were going to have to do it the hard way by beating Clare and Tipperary just to reach the final. Waterford sensationally trounced the Banner County by 3-21 (30) to 1-8 (11), a performance illuminated by a hat-trick of goals from Dan Shanahan. The semi-final was a much tighter affair, with a late goal from sub Paul O'Brien needed to beat Tipperary by 4-10 (22) to 3-12 (21). The final against Cork was hailed to be one of the best Munster finals with a match that ebbed and flowed turned on an audacious dipping medium range free from Paul Flynn that surprised the Cork backs for a goal. Waterford secured their seventh Munster title with one point, 1-21 (24) to 3-16 (25), win. The All-Ireland semi-final saw another clash with Kilkenny and another three-point defeat, a first-half salvo of three goals giving Waterford a mountain that proved too difficult to climb. Gallingly for Waterford, Kilkenny had come through the All-Ireland series, and would lose out in the final to Cork who themselves had come through the 'back door'. Paul Flynn's tally of 0–13 against Kilkenny would copperfasten his first All Star award, with Dan Shanahan getting his first and Ken McGrath winning his second, only the second Waterford man after John Galvin to win multiple All Stars.

The 2007 season ended with a record five All Star awards, Tony Browne and Ken McGrath winning their third awards, Dan Shanahan his third also, and Stephen Molumphy and Michael Walsh their first. Shanahan was further rewarded by being named undisputed Hurler of the Year. A win against Wexford in 2008 led Waterford to their sixth All-Ireland Semi-Final since 1998. The opponents would be a highly fancied Tipperary, who were reigning National Hurling League and Munster champions. Waterford started a blistering page, going six points to nil up after only 10 minutes. However, Tipperary were level going in at half time. Both teams scored goals in rapid succession in the second half. Waterford's nerve held and they managed to win by two points on a scoreline of Waterford 1-20 Tipperary 1–18. It was Waterford's first semi-final win since 1963 and brought to an end a run of five consecutive semi-final defeats. They met an inspired Kilkenny team in the All-Ireland final, who ran out 3–30 to 1-13 winners, which saw them complete the three-in-a-row. The inter-county year ended with Eoin Kelly being named as the Déise's only all-star. Waterford defeated Clare in the 2010 Munster Semi-Final and won their ninth Munster title when they defeated Cork after extra time with a cracking goal from Dan Shanahan in a replay in Thurles. The All-Ireland semi-final saw them lose at that stage for the seventh time in thirteen years, beaten by seven points by Tipperary. In May 2015, Waterford in Derek McGrath's second year as manager won their first league title since 2007 after a 1–24 to 0–17 win against Cork in the final. Waterford beat Cork to make the Munster Final, but lost to Tipperary by five points. In 2017, Waterford suffered defeat in the All Ireland Senior Hurling Championship against Galway with a final score of 0–26 to 2–17.

Clubs

 * Waterford Senior Football Championship: The current senior football champions are Rathgormack who defeated Ballinacourty in the 2019 final on an underwhelming scoreline of 2–06 to 1–06 with William Hahessy receiving the man of the match award. Ballinacourty struggled to cope with the lightning pace of the young Rathgormack side.
 * Waterford Minor Football Championship
 * Waterford Under-21 Football Championship
 * Waterford Intermediate Football Championship
 * Waterford Junior Football Championship

County team
The team's greatest achievement is reaching the 1898 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship Final, a game which was lost to Dublin by a scoreline of 2–08 to 0–04. Erin's Hope of Dungarvan represented the county in that game.

Waterford has not reached a Munster Senior Football Championship (SFC) final since 1960, has not defeated Kerry since 1957, Cork since 1960, Limerick since 1981 and Tipperary since 1988. On 20 May 2007, the team broke a 19-year run without a senior championship win by defeating Clare at Fraher Field, Dungarvan. The team defeated Clare again in 2010.

Camogie
Waterford hosted the All-Ireland Senior Camogie Championship final of 1945, at a time Cork were in dispute with the Central Council of the Camogie Association. They won the All-Ireland Junior Camogie Championship of 2011. Notable players include soaring star award winners Karen Kelly and Áine Lyng.

Under Camogie's National Development Plan 2010–2015, "Our Game, Our Passion," five new camogie clubs are to be established in the county by 2015.

Ladies' football
Waterford were dominant in the 1990s, winning the Brendan Martin Cup five times.

Waterford have the following achievements in ladies' football.

 * All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship: 5
 * 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995, 1998
 * All-Ireland Junior Ladies' Football Championship 1
 * 1986
 * All-Ireland Under-18 Ladies' Football Championship: 5
 * 1991, 1993, 1996, 1997, 2001
 * All-Ireland Under-16 Ladies' Football Championship: 5
 * 1991, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1998
 * All-Ireland Under-14 Ladies' Football Championship: 1
 * 1998

title: Waterford GAA


text:
Champions Cup (horse race)

The Champions Cup (JPN G-1, formerly the Japan Cup Dirt until 2013) is a thoroughbred horse race contested in Japan in early December. It is run for three-year-olds and older at a distance of 1,800 meters. In recent years, the race has followed the Japan Cup on the Japanese racing calendar.

Race information

 * Racecourse: Chukyo Racecourse
 * Distance: 1,800 meters (About 9. furlongs), Dirt, Right-handed
 * Qualification to run: 3-y-o & Up
 * Weight: 3-y-o colts & geldings 55 kg
 * 3-y-o fillies 53 kg
 * 4-y-o & up horses & geldings 57 kg
 * 4-y-o & up mares 55 kg
 * Safety Factor: 16 (There will be a maximum of 8 foreign-trained starters)

2008 changes
The race was moved from Tokyo Racecourse to Hanshin Racecourse in 2008. The Japan Cup Dirt had been overshadowed by its turf counterpart (the Japan Cup) in recent years, because turf racing in Japan typically remains more popular and attracts better horses. Attendance for the 2007 Japan Cup Dirt was 56,052, while the attendance for the turf race the following day was 103,545.

With the move to Hanshin, the Japan Cup Dirt was shortened from its original distance of 2,100 meters (about $10 1/2$ furlongs) to 1,800 meters (about 9 furlongs). Now run one week after the Japan Cup, the Japan Cup Dirt shares the weekend with the "World Super Jockeys Series" featuring jockeys from around the world.

2014 changes
The Japan Cup Dirt was moved to Chukyo Racecourse in 2014 and renamed the Champions Cup. According to the Japan Racing Association, the decision to make changes to the race was because of a lack of international participation. The new Champions Cup race will be run left-handed, as opposed to the right turns run since the race moved from Tokyo to Hanshin in 2008. The purse of the race will be reduced to ¥94 million - compared to ¥130 million for the 2013 running - and it will no longer be an invitational race. The 2014 running is scheduled for Sunday, December 7.

Purse
(For the 2007 running)

Total JPN ¥277,900,000 (U.S$. 2,416,000)
 * 1st JPN ¥130,000,000 (U.S$. 1,103,000)
 * 2nd JPN ¥52,000,000 (U.S$. 452,000)
 * 3rd JPN ¥33,000,000 (U.S$. 286,000)
 * 4th JPN ¥20,000,000 (U.S$. 173,000)
 * 5th JPN ¥13,000,000 (U.S$. 113,000)

Like counterpart Japan Cup, as being one of the 4 GI races in Japan Autumn International Series since 2008, a bonus is added to the top 3 if they are not trained in Japan, and raced in one of the following races and finished likewise in same year. If multiple bonus applies, only the highest one counts.

Winners

 * 2000, 2001, 2003–2007: Tokyo Racecourse, 2,100 meters, counter-clockwise (left-handed)
 * 2002: Nakayama Racecourse, 1,800 meters, clockwise (right-handed)
 * 2008–2013: Hanshin Racecourse, 1,800 meters, clockwise
 * 2014–present (scheduled): Chukyo Racecourse, 1,800 meters, counter-clockwise

title: Champions Cup (horse race)


text:
NER

NER may refer to:
 * New European Recordings, a record label
 * ISO 3166-1 three letter code for Niger
 * Named entity recognition, a text processing task that identifies certain words as belonging to one class or another
 * Northeast Regional, an Amtrak route that operates along the Northeast Corridor, in the US.
 * North Eastern Railway (India)
 * North Eastern Railway (United Kingdom)
 * Northern and Eastern Railway (N&ER), an early British rail company
 * North-East India, officially known as the North Eastern Region (NER)
 * Nucleotide excision repair, a DNA repair mechanism
 * Network Effectiveness Ratio, KPI in telecommunications
 * New England Revolution, American soccer team
 * Nemzeti Együttműködés Rendszere (NER, System of National Cooperation), the network of political and cultural institutions and private corporations closely aligned with Prime Minister Viktor Orbán or with the national-conservative Fidesz party in Hungary

title: NER


text:
Talk:Dylan Dog

Groucho
On the Groucho Marx page, it's claimed that Groucho's moustache was censored in the American version? Is that true, because he looks exactly like Groucho Marx originally...
 * Yes, that is true. In the seven Dark Horse releases, Groucho's ("Felix") mustache was removed.  Grr.
 * Man, happy I live in Sweden, and could read the Swedish translations, where we are quite liberal with such depictions.

I am Italian and I read Dylan Dog a lot: 1) Are you sure that Dylan Dog was actually married to Lilie Connolly? In issue 121 the marriage occurs in an onirical passage. 2) Claudio Villa didn't draw any story, he just made covers.

Foreign editions
I think it would be a good idea to create a specific section for Dylan Dog's foreign editions; I am available to take some research and do the job myself, if anyone does not mind. Eurogeek 18:27, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

Dylan Dog is the typical personage who succeeds to find the rhetorical and the moral in every situation, also daily criticizing the way of life strongly odierno discovering then that the ill-famed “incubi” or “monster” are persons that there are next every day and, sometimes, are not much fantastic, but real and dangerous. Taking example from he we could defeat our “monster” daily by themselves and without to pay 50 pounds to the day more expenses.

Fair use rationale for Image:Dylan Dog bell.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:Xabaras.jpg
Image:Xabaras.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 11:12, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Dylan Dog and Rupert Everett
Rupert Everett's page says that Everett was an inspiration for Sclavi's creation Dylan Dog. I wonder how this is possible, considering that Everett was largely unknown in 1986, when DD was first published. Any thoughts? --82.207.219.3 19:32, 7 September 2007 (UTC)

It's possible, just because Tiziano Sclavi suggested Claudio Villa (first cover designer) to see "Another country" (1984), saying that Rupert Everett had a nice "comic face". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.211.220.193 (talk) 01:39, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Can we get a source on the claim though? I am also curious about the Dellamorte Dellamore mention - if I read it correctly the character appeared in Dylan Dog after he appeared in the novel. Do we have any information on whether this was deliberate homage and if there is an actual link between the film and the comic (and not just with the novel? (Emperor (talk) 14:11, 14 May 2008 (UTC))

Hi, I'm italian, and the fact said above has been claimed in several interview and editorials in Dyaln Dog comic books. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.30.67.186 (talk) 22:11, 25 May 2009 (UTC)

Dylan Dog and alcohol
On the sentence "many of the most entertaining moments in the comic occur when Groucho forces him to take shots." is completely false. Dylan Dog never drinks alcohol and has never been shown drinking in any of the episodes (apart from when showing flashbacks of his past as an alcoholic).

Not true. As an ex-reader I recall at least one issue where the character is depicted while drinking alcohol as a consequence of particularly upsetting situations in which he get involved during the story. In fact his assistant Groucho often refers to Dylan as a "astemio che si astiene poco" (untranslatable). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.53.3.227 (talk) 16:19, 16 April 2011 (UTC)
 * I guess that would be "a teetotaller that abstains slightly", if I got it correctly... 惑乱 Wakuran (talk) 17:55, 25 November 2012 (UTC)

Chiaverotti
Chiaverotti doesn't write Dylan anymore. The last number he wrote was number 205. Also, the series celebrated 20 years of publishing. Because of that, the number 241/242 were both in color, by Paola Barbato and Brunu Brindizi. Number 250 was also in kolor, done by Ticiano Sclavi (text) and Bruno Brindizi(. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.155.36.216 (talk) 14:17, 2 July 2009 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Dylan Dog


text:
Sportdaq

Sportdaq was the web-based sister game to the BBC's Celebdaq. Sportdaq started during August 2004. Players buy and sell shares in sport stars using £10,000 of virtual cash that they are given to play with. Each week players of the game are given dividends for the shares they own based on how much press coverage the sport stars they hold shares in got that week in a number of London-based daily newspaper sport sections, web sites and BBC Radio Five Live news reports. Additionally, money can be made throughout the week by correctly predicting the outcome of selected sporting events, known as Win Bonuses paid at £1 per share held at the win bonus deadline. Sportdaq and its sister website Celebdaq were both closed on 26 February 2010, as part of a series of cuts to the BBC's online services.

Relaunch

In 2021 the creator of the new CelebDAQ announced plans to recreate SportDAQ with similar ideas to the original.

Weekly events

 * Millionaires Day - Saturday : Everyone who has a portfolio worth over £2 million gets 'kneecapped'. Sport stars are listed and sometimes delisted according to a traders vote.

 * Top Trader - Tuesday : The person who has made the most profit in percentage terms in accordance with the rules during the last 7 days.

 * Dividend Thursday: The dividends earned during the previous 2 days are handed out after midnight UK time.

Kneecapping and status symbols
When a player accumulates over £2 million, all of his or her money and shares are taken away and replaced with a fresh £10,000. This prevents people from controlling the market when they acquire large amounts of cash. As compensation they are given status symbols to replace the number of millions they had.
 * £1 million: fat wad of cash
 * £5 million: sexy car
 * £10 million: luxury yacht
 * £25 million: very big house in the country
 * £50 million: executive jet
 * £100 million: exotic island
 * £500 million: crown of a minor nation state
 * £1 billion: you become Roman Abramovich (the only difference to Celebdaq with regard to status symbols)

The first player to break the £1 billion mark and win a Roman Abramovich icon did so in February 2007.

title: Sportdaq


text:
Talk:Sundaland

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): SkyBlueWater. Peer reviewers: Sylerb, Dtolson1.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 10:26, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Map
Does anyone have pictures/maps of how this developed?
 * Here's a possible map:, but im not sure its copyright status. kawaputra hello! 16:20, 10 August 2007 (UTC)
 * This one's in the public domain: Image:Last glacial vegetation map.png. kawaputra hello! 16:28, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

Collecting sources
--T.woelk (talk) 10:39, 10 October 2009 (UTC) --T.woelk (talk) 12:46, 14 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Impact on climate
 * CoreAnalysis: Rapid Flooding of the Sunda Shelf: A Late-Glacial Sea-Level Record. Till Hanebuth, Karl Stattegger, Pieter M. Grootes ; in Science 12 May 2000:
 * Numberdata: Rapid Flooding of the Sunda Shelf: A Late-Glacial Sea-Level Record, Till Hanebuth, Karl Stattegger, and Pieter M. Grootes
 * Genetic analysis: Climate Change and Postglacial Human Dispersals in Southeast Asia.
 * Sunda rivers: G. A. F. Molengraaff(1860-1942), De Geologie der Zeeen van Nederlandsch-Oost-Indie(Overgedrukt uit: De Zeeen van Nederlandsch-Oost-Indie. Leiden 1921).
 * GIS as a Tool for Studying Changes in Sea Level in Southeast Asia
 * SUNDALAND - A continent lost and found
 * Explore SahulTime

Austronesian migration
''Some scholars like Oppenheimer locate the origin of the Austronesian languages in Sundaland and its upper regions. [...] Genetic research reported in 2008 indicates that the islands which are the remnants of Sundaland were likely populated as early as 50,000 years ago, contrary to a previous hypothesis that they were populated as late as 10,000 years ago from Taiwan.''

This paragraph is so confused that I don't know where to begin. Obviously Oppenheimer is generally clueless about linguistics and history, not only when it comes to Great Britain, because again, lonely in the field, he locates the urheimat of Austronesian in Southeast Asia, while a "broad consensus" (taken from the quote under Austronesian languages) accepts Taiwan. But he is a geneticist (i. e., a real scientist who can actually handle numbers, calculations and statistics), that's why he's a superior authority on linguistic urheimaten, I suppose, and all the linguists (lowly humanities academics who do not have hard, tangible facts to boast with, only words, texts and blather) who disagree and their reasons are not worth to be cited (yeah, I'm being sarcastic and polemical here).

The second sentence construes a controversy (using an incompetent and thus irrelevant source) that frankly doesn't exist. It's like saying that the English migration to North America cannot have taken place as late as 300 years ago, because the area was populated many millennia earlier. Duh! The English migration is a much later spread. In both cases, the former ethnic layer is still extant and thus openly in evidence, in plain sight. The "Negrito" populations sprinkled throughout Southeast Asia (together with the Papuans), who partly have even retained their own, obviously non-Austronesian languages, have long been recognised as descendants of the first wave(s) of H. sapiens sapiens migration to Southeast Asia. The "Out of Taiwan" hypothesis only concerns a much more recent spread, the one associated with the Austronesian languages, not the original peopling of the area. The same glaring misunderstanding of the hypothesis is actually found in other articles, too, and apparently traceable to Oppenheimer in general. There is no contradiction between the migrations roughly 50,000 years ago (which have long been generally accepted) and the Austronesian migration out of Taiwan (which, by the way, had to cross seas that the ancestors of the "Negrito" populations could still pass by migrating along coasts, as the land bridges were still there). By the way, the source actually says 4,000 years ago! But the beginning of the spread of Austronesian is usually placed at 6,000 BP, i. e. about 4,000 BC, so neither figure is correct. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 22:58, 12 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Maybe the confusion lies in the failure to chronologise and separate the different migration flows out of and into Sunda/SE Asia. And also maybe the scientists have yet to come to a widely accepted consensus? Which migration of 50K YBP are you talking about that has been generally accepted long time ago? Then there's this apparent new findings in 2008 by geneticist saying that there is a evidence suggesting that there is a migration coming out of Sundaland heading northwards towards Taiwan and China (or even westward towards India) around 15K-7K YBP coinciding with the submergence of Sundaland (which seems to support Oppenheimer, but not exactly his theory on Austronesian languages). Then there's the apparent earlier consensus among linguists saying there's a migration flow southwards from Taiwan towards SE Asia around 6K - 4K YBP representing the spread of Austronesian languages. There's a paper suggesting that the new out of Sunda theory might not be entirely inconsistent with the out of Taiwan theory, saying that the out if Taiwan might have represented a "counterflow" of the earlier Sunda migrants to the north. [source: http://shinku.nichibun.ac.jp/jpub/pdf/jr/JN1902.pdf] I suggest we remove Oppenheimer's Austronesia languages homeland theory for now but perhaps leave the part about the out of Sunda migration flow theory since that part was supported by the new 2008 geneticist theory? ќמшמφטтгמ torque 01:47, 14 November 2011 (UTC)
 * Come to think of it, i agree that the paragraph is confusing and inaccurate. A complete rewrite is necessary. ќמшמφטтгמ torque 05:24, 14 November 2011 (UTC)
 * There appears to be a problem with some sources that ive found relating to the new 2008 genetic research finding, that the articles seem to suggest that they've completely debunked the out of Taiwan hypothesis/consensus rather than allowing for the possibility of a counterflow.
 * http://www.ox.ac.uk/media/news_releases_for_journalists/080523.html
 * http://www.newstatesman.com/blogs/paul-rodgers/2008/05/sundaland-spread-taiwan ќמшמφטтгמ torque 05:37, 14 November 2011 (UTC)
 * It is always good to remember that a language is not a genome. They are two independent things. It is entirely possible that a linguistic/cultural analysis can indicate spread from one region, while genomic analysis simultaneously indicates a spread from elsewhere. This can happen when a (for example highly advanced, or even just militarily overpowering) culture invades and dominates a region with a genetically different population. Eventually the colonized people adopt the language of the invading culture. Thus e.g. Iroquois speak English, though genetically they're more closely related to northeast Siberians (or whoever). So it may be that e.g. the Melanesian languages did truly come about as a colonization product from Taiwan, while the indigenous people came from Sundaland. In fact, allowing for the Sundaland genetic hypothesis to be valid alongside the Taiwan language hypothesis would give "out of Taiwan" linguists a jolly good reason to look for hints of pre-Taiwanic (?) substrates in Melanesian languages. AllGloryToTheHypnotoad (talk) 16:55, 20 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Kawaputra, see Coastal migration. Indeed, languages are not genomes and genetic evidence is completely irrelevant to the issue of the spread of Austronesian, the language family. It's like saying Singapore English comes from China just because of the gene flow from there. That there are pre-Austronesian substrates in Melanesian languages is well-accepted. After all, non-Austronesian languages are still spoken in the region and clearly pre-date Austronesian there. It's quite possible that the gene flow out of Sundaland was associated with a language spread, but it's far too long ago to know what exactly did spread, and the pre-Austronesian languages of the Sunda Islands have not survived. All we have are hints of Negrito-like populations throughout the region. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 17:30, 3 August 2013 (UTC)

 * There are several theories regarding the Austronesian Urheimat - and they are being discussed elsewhere:
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Austronesian_languages

Kortoso (talk) 21:46, 6 September 2013 (UTC)

Planned Additions to History Section -- Forest Extent
I plan to add some information to the history section. I will focus on adding recent research on how forest extent has changed throughout time. This will likely be a separate subsection. I may also add some research about how the long-term environmental history of Sundaland has affected biodiversity in the region; it is currently only briefly touched on, and there is a lot of recent work on the topic. Another minor area of work will be adding some of the information that is currently in the Sunda Shelf article to the Sundaland article. The Sunda Shelf Talk page includes discussion of combining the two articles, but the consensus was to keep them separate.

Preliminary sources (still need to figure out how to get Wikipedia to put these as references only, not citations):

Bird, M. I., D. Taylor, and C. Hunt. 2005. Palaeoenvironments of insular Southeast Asia during the Last Glacial Period: a savanna corridor in Sundaland? Quaternary Science Reviews 24:2228–2242.

Cannon, C. H., R. J. Morley, and A. B. G. Bush. 2009. The current refugial rainforests of Sundaland are unrepresentative of their biogeographic past and highly vulnerable to disturbance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:11188–11193.

De Bruyn, M., B. Stelbrink, R. J. Morley, R. Hall, G. R. Carvalho, C. H. Cannon, G. Van Den Bergh, E. Meijaard, I. Metcalfe, L. Boitani, L. Maiorano, R. Shoup, and T. Von Rintelen. 2014. Borneo and Indochina are Major Evolutionary Hotspots for Southeast Asian Biodiversity. Systematic Biology 63:879–901.

Leite, Y. L. R., L. P. Costa, A. Carolina, R. G. Rocha, H. Batalha-filho, and A. C. Bastos. 2016. Neotropical forest expansion during the last glacial period challenges refuge hypothesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113:1008–1013.

Metcalfe, I. 2011. Tectonic Framework and Phanerozoic Evolution of Sundaland. Gondwana Research 19:3–21.

Pelejero, C., M. Kienast, L. Wang, and J. O. Grimalt. 1999. The flooding of Sundaland during the last deglaciation : imprints in hemipelagic sediments from the southern South China Sea 171:661–671.

Raes, N., C. H. Cannon, R. J. Hijmans, T. Piessens, L. G. Saw, P. C. van Welzen, and J. W. F. Slik. 2014. Historical distribution of Sundaland’s Dipterocarp rainforests at Quaternary glacial maxima. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111:16790–5.

Russell, J. M., H. Vogel, B. L. Konecky, S. Bijaksana, Y. Huang, M. Melles, N. Wattrus, K. Costa, and J. W. King. 2014. Glacial forcing of central Indonesian hydroclimate since 60,000 y B.P. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111:5100–5105.

Slik, J. W. F., S. Aiba, M. Bastian, F. Q. Brearley, C. H. Cannon, and K. A. O. Eichhorn. 2011. Soils on Exposed Sunda Shelf Shaped Biogeographic Patterns in the Equatorial Forests of Southeast Asia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108:12343–12347.

Tougard, C., and S. Montuire. 2006. Pleistocene paleoenvironmental reconstructions and mammalian evolution in South-East Asia : focus on fossil faunas from Thailand. Quaternary Science Reviews 25:126–141.

Wurster, C. M., M. I. Bird, I. D. Bull, F. Creed, C. Bryant, J. a J. Dungait, and V. Paz. 2010. Forest contraction in north equatorial Southeast Asia during the Last Glacial Period. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107:15508–15511.

Wurster, C. M., H. Rifai, J. Haig, J. Titin, G. Jacobsen, and M. Bird. 2017. Stable isotope composition of cave guano from eastern Borneo reveals tropical environments over the past 15, 000 cal yr BP. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 473:73–81. SkyBlueWater (talk) 06:15, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

 * You are going to use inline citations though, aren't you? You can ask at the WP:HELPDESK about adding references. Doug Weller  talk 08:24, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

 * Yes, I plan on using inline citations! I haven't had any trouble getting those to work. I was just having trouble creating a list of references that I plan to use with the citation generator without having them be linked to an inline citation (because there isn't any text to link it to yet!). Sorry for being confusing, and thanks for the help! — Preceding unsigned comment added by SkyBlueWater (talk • contribs) 16:03, 3 May 2017 (UTC)

Human migrations
The debate about whether migrants from Taiwan settled Sundaland during the Holocene, or local populations dispersed northward due to sea level rise, or whatever, does not relate to the first occupation of the area by modern humans, which everyone agrees occurred tens of thousands of years earlier. 70.77.37.23 (talk) 14:18, 11 April 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sundaland


text:
Barre Phillips

Barre Phillips (born October 27, 1934, in San Francisco, California, United States) is an American jazz bassist. A professional musician since 1960, he moved to New York City in 1962, then to Europe in 1967. Since 1972, he has been based in southern France where, in 2014, he founded the European Improvisation Center.

He studied briefly in 1959 with S. Charles Siani, Assistant Principal Bassist with the San Francisco Symphony. During the 1960s, he recorded with (among others) Eric Dolphy, Jimmy Giuffre, Archie Shepp, Peter Nero, Attila Zoller, Lee Konitz and Marion Brown.

Phillips' 1968 recording of solo bass improvisations, issued as Journal Violone in the US, Unaccompanied Barre in England, and Basse Barre in France on Futura Records, is generally credited as the first solo bass record. A 1971 record with Dave Holland, Music from Two Basses, was probably the first record of improvised double bass duets.

In the 1970s, he was a member of the well-regarded and influential group The Trio, with saxophonist John Surman and drummer Stu Martin. In the 1980s and 1990s, he played regularly with the London Jazz Composers Orchestra, led by fellow bassist Barry Guy. He worked on soundtracks of the motion pictures Merry-Go-Round (1981), Naked Lunch (1991, together with Ornette Coleman) and Alles was baumelt, bringt Glück! (2013).

He has also worked with (among many others) bassists Peter Kowald and Joëlle Léandre, guitarist Derek Bailey, clarinetists Theo Jörgensmann, Vinny Golia, and Aurélien Besnard, saxophonists Peter Brötzmann, Evan Parker and Joe Maneri, and pianists Bob James and Paul Bley.

Barre is the father of the rock guitarist, Jay Crawford from the band Bomb; of the bassist Dave Phillips; and of singer Claudia Phillips, who was a one-hit wonder in France in 1987 with "Quel souci La Boétie".

As leader

 * Basse Barre (Futura, 1969)
 * Alors (Futura, 1970)
 * Music from Two Basses (ECM, 1971)
 * For All It Is (JAPO, 1973) (recorded in 1971)
 * Mountainscapes (ECM, 1976)
 * Three Day Moon (ECM, 1978)
 * Die Jungen: Random Generators (FMP, 1979)
 * Journal Violone II (ECM, 1979)
 * Music by... (ECM, 1980)
 * Call Me When You Get There, (ECM, 1984)
 * Camouflage (Victo, 1989)
 * Naxos (CELP, 1990)
 * Aquarian Rain (ECM, 1991)
 * Etchings in the Air (PSF, 1996)
 * No Pieces (Emouvance, 1996)
 * Uzu (PSF, 1997)
 * Jazzd'aià, (Bleu Regard, 1998)
 * Play 'em as They Fall (Eyewill, 1999)
 * Trignition (Nine Winds, 1999)
 * Journal Violone 9 (Emouvance, 2001)
 * October Base Trilouge (3D, 2001)
 * After You've Gone (Victo, 2004)
 * Angles of Repose (ECM, 2004)
 * LDP (PSI, 2005)
 * The Iron Stone (ECM, 2006)
 * L' Improviste (CD Baby, 2008)
 * While You Were Out (CD Baby/Kadima Collective, 2009)
 * Everybody Else But Me (Foghorn, 2011)
 * End to End (ECM, 2018)
 * Face à Face (ECM, 2022)

As sideman

 * Attila Zoller Quartet: The Horizon Beyond (1965)
 * Archie Shepp Quartet: New Thing at Newport (1965)
 * Bob James Trio: Explosions (1965)
 * Gong: Magick Brother (1969)
 * Chris McGregor Septet: Up to Earth, (Fledg'ling, 1969; 2008)
 * Chris McGregor Trio: Our Prayer (Fledg'ling, 1969; 2008)
 * The Trio featuring John Surman: The Dawn Sessions (1970)
 * Terje Rypdal: What Comes After (ECM, 1973)
 * Mumps: A Matter Of Taste (Albert Mangelsdorff, John Surman, Stu Martin) (MPS, 1977)
 * Alfred Harth: This Earth! (ECM, 1983) with Paul Bley, Trilok Gurtu & Maggie Nicols
 * Barry Guy and the London Jazz Composers' Orchestra: Zurich Concerts (Intakt, 1988)
 * Barry Guy and the London Jazz Composers' Orchestra: Harmos (Intakt, 1989)
 * Barry Guy and the London Jazz Composers' Orchestra: Double Trouble (Intakt, 1990)
 * Barry Guy and the London Jazz Composers' Orchestra with Irène Schweizer: Theoria (Intakt, 1992)
 * Time Will Tell with Paul Bley and Evan Parker (ECM, 1994)
 * Joe Maneri: Tales of Rohnlief (ECM, 1998)
 * Barry Guy and the London Jazz Composers' Orchestra: Double Trouble Two (Intakt, 1998)
 * Sankt Gerold with Paul Bley and Evan Parker (ECM, 2000)
 * Musique Primale with Philippe Festou, ensemble contemporain Yin (sornettes, 2009)
 * Barry Guy and the London Jazz Composers' Orchestra with Irène Schweizer: Radio Rondo/Schaffhausen Concert (Intakt, 2009)
 * The Rock on the Hill with Lol Coxhill and JT Bates (nato, 2011)
 * No Meat Inside (Facing You / IMR, 2013) quartet with François Cotinaud, Henri Roger, and Emmanuelle Somer

title: Barre Phillips


text:
Cheryl Halpern

Cheryl Feldman Halpern was the chair of the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB) from 2005 to 2007. She has extensive experience with overseeing pro-American media campaigns abroad. In 1990, she was confirmed as a member of the Board for International Broadcasting and as a director of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL). From 1995 through 2002, she served as a member of the Broadcasting Board of Governors, which oversees non-military overseas broadcasts by the US Government such as Radio Martí, the Voice of America, and Radio Free Iraq.

Halpern has been nominated to the boards of national or international public broadcasting organizations by Presidents George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush. She is also a board member of the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, a Washington D.C.-based foreign policy interest group, and of the International Republican Institute.

Additionally, President George W. Bush appointed Halpern to serve on the Honorary Delegation to accompany him to Jerusalem for the celebration of the 60th anniversary of the State of Israel in May 2008.

In December 2008, Halpern was nominated to be an alternate U.N. representative for the United States (Alternate representatives present U.S. views in a number of smaller forums, including at committee meetings and at ancillary U.N. bodies). She held this position until September 2009 when the U.N. General Assembly's 63rd session ended.

Halpern is a graduate of Barnard College and received her A.B. in 1975. She also received her MBA from New York University Stern School of Business in 1980.

title: Cheryl Halpern


text:
User:CarbonCopy

Weclome to my user page!

CarbonCopy (talk)

title: User:CarbonCopy


text:
User talk:SnafuDave

SnafuDave or Snafu Dave is the most common online user name for David Stanworth, Author of Snafu-Comicsand TIN The Incompetent Ninja. Their Wikipedia pages are Snafu Comics and TIN The Incompetent Ninja

 * Hi, welcome to Wikipedia! This sort of info should go on your User page. 2 other things: Please check out WikiProject Webcomics and tag any webcomic media you upload with Category:Webcomic media. ~ Dread Lord C y b e r S k u l l ✎☠ 08:38, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

GNU Images
I've noticed you've tagged some of your work as GNU images, you may wish to consider uploading them to the Wikimedia Commons for all of the servers to use. Dread Lord C y b e r S k u l l ✎☠ 12:38, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Powerpuff Girls Doujinshi nominated for deletion
An article that you have been involved in editing, Powerpuff Girls Doujinshi, has been listed at Articles for deletion/Powerpuff Girls Doujinshi (second nomination). Please look there to see why this is, if you are interested in whether it should be deleted. Thank you.

I have bundled Grim Tales from Down Below and King of Fighters Doujinshi with this nomination as well. --Slowking Man 11:48, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:KingOfFightersDoujinshi2001.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:KingOfFightersDoujinshi2001.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently specifies that the image is unlicensed for use on Wikipedia and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --Slowking Man 02:47, 21 November 2006 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of Snafu Comics

A tag has been placed on Snafu Comics requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion, or "db", tag; if no such tag exists, then the page is no longer a speedy delete candidate and adding a hang-on tag is unnecessary), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, you can contact one of these administrators to request that the administrator userfy the page or email a copy to you. TheRealFennShysa (talk) 14:52, 4 March 2011 (UTC)

Notification: changes to "Mark my edits as minor by default" preference
Hello there. This is an automated message to tell you about the gradual phasing out of the preference entitled "Mark all edits minor by default", which you currently have enabled.

On 13 March 2011, this preference was hidden from the user preferences screen as part of efforts to prevent its accidental misuse (consensus discussion). This had the effect of locking users in to their existing preference, which, in your case, was. To complete the process, your preference will automatically be changed to  in the next few days. This does not require any intervention on your part and you will still be able to manually mark your edits as being 'minor'. The only thing that's changed is that you will no longer be able to have them marked as minor by default. For more information on what a minor edit is, see WP:MINOR or feel to get in touch.

Thank you for your understanding and happy editing :) Editing on behalf of User:Jarry1250, LivingBot (talk) 22:28, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:TINtheIncompetentNinja.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:TINtheIncompetentNinja.jpg. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file agreed to license it under the given license.

If you created this media entirely yourself but have previously published it elsewhere (especially online), please either
 * make a note permitting reuse under the CC-BY-SA or another acceptable free license (see this list) at the site of the original publication; or
 * Send an email from an address associated with the original publication to , stating your ownership of the material and your intention to publish it under a free license. You can find a sample permission letter here. If you take this step, add OTRS pending to the file description page to prevent premature deletion.

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If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at File copyright tags, and add a rationale justifying the file's use on the article or articles where it is included. See File copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have provided evidence that their copyright owners have agreed to license their works under the tags you supplied, too. You can find a list of files you have created in [ your upload log]. Files lacking evidence of permission may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. You may wish to read the Wikipedia's image use policy. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.  Ron h jones (Talk) 00:03, 17 May 2011 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:SnafuComics.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:SnafuComics.jpg. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file agreed to license it under the given license.

If you created this media entirely yourself but have previously published it elsewhere (especially online), please either
 * make a note permitting reuse under the CC-BY-SA or another acceptable free license (see this list) at the site of the original publication; or
 * Send an email from an address associated with the original publication to , stating your ownership of the material and your intention to publish it under a free license. You can find a sample permission letter here. If you take this step, add OTRS pending to the file description page to prevent premature deletion.

If you did not create it entirely yourself, please ask the person who created the file to take one of the two steps listed above, or if the owner of the file has already given their permission to you via email, please forward that email to .

If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at File copyright tags, and add a rationale justifying the file's use on the article or articles where it is included. See File copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have provided evidence that their copyright owners have agreed to license their works under the tags you supplied, too. You can find a list of files you have created in [ your upload log]. Files lacking evidence of permission may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. You may wish to read the Wikipedia's image use policy. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Skier Dude ( talk ) 05:01, 25 May 2011 (UTC)

Nomination of Snafu Comics for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Snafu Comics is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Snafu Comics (2nd nomination) until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. Ten Pound Hammer • (What did I screw up now?) 08:06, 12 May 2012 (UTC)

Nomination of Snafu Comics for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Snafu Comics is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Snafu Comics& until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Ten Pound Hammer • (What did I screw up now?) 16:37, 4 July 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:SnafuDave


text: File:Lajornada logo.PNG

title: File:Lajornada logo.PNG


text:
Archibald Johnston

Archibald Johnston, Lord Wariston (1611 – 1663) was a Scottish judge and statesman.

He assisted Alexander Henderson in writing the Scottish National Covenant in 1638, and was appointed Procurator of the Kirk in the same year. He was said to have supported the prophesies of Margaret Mitchelson as true.

Johnston helped negotiate the pacification of Berwick in 1639 and the treaty of Ripon in 1640. He was Lord of Session as Lord Warriston in 1641. In 1643 as commissioner for Midlothian he opposed neutrality in English affairs.

He played a prominent part in the Westminster Assembly, and in 1644 became a member of the Committee of Both Kingdoms representing Scotland in London. Named King's Advocate by Charles I in 1646, he resisted the Engagement of 1648, and may have drawn up the Act of Classes in 1649. He was appointed Lord Clerk Register in 1649 and is said to have given Leslie fatal advice at the Battle of Dunbar in 1650, after which he lost his offices.

In 1657, as a leading Remonstrant (see below), he was renamed by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell as Lord Clerk Register. He was a member of Oliver and Richard Cromwell's House of Lords and a member of the Council of State. On the restoration of the Rump Parliament in 1649, and on its suppression, he became permanent president of the Committee of Safety.

After the restoration of the monarchy he fled abroad. He was condemned to death in absentia and arrested in Rouen. With Louis XIV's consent he was returned to Britain and after a spell of imprisonment in the Tower of London was hanged in Edinburgh on 22 July 1663.

Early life
Archibald Johnston was a son of James Johnston (died 1617), a merchant burgess of Edinburgh. He was baptised on 28 March 1611, educated at the University of Glasgow, and admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1633.

Early career
Johnston first came to public notice in 1637 during Charles I's attempt to force an Episcopalian liturgy upon Scotland. As the chief adviser of the covenanting leaders Johnston drew up their remonstrances. On 22 February 1638, in reply to a royal proclamation, he read a strong protestation to an enormous multitude assembled at the Mercat Cross in Edinburgh. Together with Alexander Henderson he was the co-author of the National Covenant of 1638, drawing up the second part as a recapitulation of all the Acts of Parliament that had condemned "popery" while asserting the liberties of the Scottish church. He was said to have supported the prophesies of Margaret Mitchelson who predicted the success of the National Covenant.

Johnston was appointed clerk to the Tables (the revolutionary executive) and also clerk and afterwards procurator or counsel to the General Assembly held at Glasgow the same year, when he discovered and presented several missing volumes of records. In June 1639 he took part in the negotiations leading to the Pacification of Berwick which ended the first Bishops' War. His firm attitude displeased the king extremely. After Charles promised a new Assembly and Parliament to settle the church question, Johnston responded by accusing him of playing for time, to which the king replied in anger "that the devil himself could not make a more uncharitable construction or give a more bitter expression"; and on Johnston continuing his speech ordered him to be silent and declared he would speak to more reasonable men.

In August Johnston read a paper before the Parliament of Scotland, strongly condemning its prorogation. In the following year he was appointed to attend the general of the army and the committee, and on 23 June, when the Scottish forces were preparing to invade England, he wrote to Thomas, Lord Savile asking for definite support from the leading opposition peers in England and their acceptance of the National Covenant, which drew from the other side at first nothing but vague assurances.

In October Johnston was a commissioner for negotiating the Treaty of Ripon and went to London. After the peace he continued to urge punishment of the incendiaries, especially of Traquair, and in a private interview with the king strongly opposed the proposed act of general oblivion. On the King's arrival in Scotland in 1641 he led the opposition on the important constitutional point of the control of state appointments, supporting the claims of the parliament by an appeal to the state records he had succeeded in recovering.

Lord of Session
In September, Johnston received public thanks for his services from the Scottish parliament, and, in accordance with the policy of conciliation then pursued for a short time by the King, was appointed on 13 November 1641 a Lord of Session, with the title Lord Warriston (from his estate at Currie which he had purchased in 1636), was knighted and given a pension of £200 a year. The same month the parliament appointed him a commissioner at Westminster for settling the affairs of Scotland.

Lord Warriston was a chief agent in concluding the treaty with the English parliament in the autumn of 1643, and was appointed a member of the Committee of Both Kingdoms in London which directed the military operations, and in this capacity went on several missions to the parliamentary generals. The articles of the unsuccessful Treaty of Uxbridge were, for the most part, drawn up by him in late 1644. He took his seat early the same year in the Westminster Assembly, to which he had been nominated, and vehemently opposed measures tolerating independency.

Besides his public duties in England Warriston sat in the Scottish parliament for the county of Edinburgh from 1643 until 1647, and served on various committees. After the final defeat of Charles, when he had surrendered himself to the Scots, Johnston was made king's advocate in October 1646, and the same year was voted £3000 by the Scottish estates for his services. He continued to oppose concessions to Charles and strongly disapproved of the Engagement concluded in 1648 by the government of the Duke of Hamilton with Charles at Carisbrooke, which, while securing little for Presbyterianism, committed the Scots to hostilities with the English Parliament and the New Model Army.

The Remonstrants
Warriston now became one of the leaders of the Kirk Party opposed to the Engagement, and during the ascendancy of the Engagers retired to Kintyre as the guest of the Marquess of Argyll. He returned again after the Whiggamore Raid, met Cromwell at Edinburgh in October after the defeat of the Engagers at Preston, and in conjunction with Argyll promoted the Act of Classes, passed on 23 January 1649, disqualifying royalists from holding public office. The good relations now formed with Cromwell were soon broken, however, by the King's execution, and Warriston was present officially at the proclamation of Charles II as King at Edinburgh, on 5 February 1649.

On 10 March 1649 Warriston was appointed Lord Clerk Register. In May he pronounced the sentence of death on Montrose and is said to have witnessed along with Argyll the victim being drawn to the place of execution. He was present at the battle of Dunbar (3 September 1650) as a member of the Committee of Estates. After the defeat he urged the removal of General Leslie, afterwards Lord Newark, from the command of the Scottish army, and on 21 September delivered a violent speech in Charles' presence, attributing all the late misfortunes to the Stuarts and their opposition to the Reformation.

After Dunbar the Committee of Estates persuaded the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland that it was necessary to abandon the Act of Classes to allow a new national army to be raised, to include supporters of the Engagement and other royalists. A resolution to this effect was immediately drawn up. Warriston, along with some of the more implacable Presbyterians, drew up a Remonstrance or Protest against this move. The Act of Classes was duly abandoned, but the division between the majority Resolutioners and the minority Protestors was to haunt the Church of Scotland for decades after.

In the autumn of 1656 Warriston went to London as representative of the Remonstrants; and soon afterwards, on 9 July 1657, he was restored by Cromwell to his office of Lord Clerk Register, and on 3 November was appointed a commissioner for the administration of justice in Scotland, henceforth remaining a member of the government until the Restoration. In January 1658 he was included by Cromwell in his new House of Lords and sat also in the upper chamber in Richard Cromwell's parliament. Upon the latter's abdication and the restoration of the Rump, he was chosen a member of the Council of State and continued in the administration as a member of the Committee of Public Safety.

The Restoration

Johnston lived in a mansion house at the foot of Warriston Close in Edinburgh (so named in his honour) on its east side, which had previously been home to Sir Lewis Craig.

At the Restoration Warriston was excluded from the general pardon. On 1 February 1661 he was summoned along with John Home of Kello, William Dundas of Magdalens and others to appear before Parliament on a charge of high treason. He had already fled to Holland and thence to Hamburg in Germany, so he was condemned to death (and stripped of his properties and title) in absentia on 15 May 1661.

In 1663, having ventured into France, he was discovered at Rouen, and with the consent of Louis XIV was brought to England and imprisoned in the Tower of London. In June he was taken to Edinburgh and confined in the Tolbooth. He was hanged on 22 July at the Mercat Cross, Edinburgh, the scene of many of his triumphs, and around 100 yards from his own house off the High Street. His severed head was displayed on the Netherbow (town gate) and afterwards buried with his body in Greyfriars Kirkyard.

Character and political views
Johnston was a man of great energy, industry and ability, and played a large part in the defence of the Presbyterian settlement of 1638. He is described by his contemporary Robert Baillie as “one of the most faithful and diligent and able servants that our church and kingdom has had all the tymes of our troubles.” He was learned in Scottish law, eloquent and deeply religious. His passionate devotion to the cause of the Scottish church was seen by his critics as fanaticism. According to the History by his nephew Gilbert Burnet, he looked on the Covenant as setting Christ on his throne.

Johnston had by nature no republican leanings; all the Royalists in Scotland, wrote Robert Baillie as late as 1646, could not have pleaded so much for the Crown and the King's just power as the Chancellor and Warriston did for many days together. When, however, Presbyterianism was attacked and menaced by the Sovereign, he desired, like John Pym, to restrict the royal prerogative by a parliamentary constitution, and endeavoured to found his arguments on law and ancient precedents.

Johnston's acceptance of office under Cromwell hardly deserves the severe censure it has received. In both politics and religion he stood nearer to Cromwell than the royalists, and was able to offer useful service in office. Johnston was wanting in tact and in consideration for his opponents, confessing himself that his natural temper (or rather distemper) "hath been hasty and passionate".

He was disliked by Charles I and hated by Charles II, whom he rebuked for lack of commitment to the Covenants; but he was associated in private friendship and public life with Argyll.

Family
He had a large family, the most famous of his sons being James Johnston (1643–1737), known as Secretary Johnston. Having taken refuge in Holland after his father's execution, Johnston crossed over to England in the interests of William of Orange just before the Glorious Revolution of 1688. In 1692 he was appointed one of the secretaries for Scotland, but he was dismissed from office in 1696. Under Queen Anne, however, he began again to take part in public affairs, and was made Lord Clerk Register. Johnston's later years were passed mainly at his residence (much later known as Orleans House) Twickenham, and he died at Bath in May 1737 (see separate article).

title: Archibald Johnston


text:
File:Greatest Hits (NSYNC album - cover art).jpg

Rationale of fair use for Greatest Hits (NSYNC album)

 * 1) No free or public domain images have been located for this album.
 * 2) The image is of lower resolution than the original cover.
 * 3) The image does not limit the copyright owners' rights to distribute the single in any way.
 * 4) For an article about an album and discography, the cover artwork is very important and adds significantly to the article.
 * 5) This image is used on various websites, so its use on Wikipedia does not make it significantly more accessible than it already is.
 * 6) The cover is being used for informational purposes only.

]]


text:
Talk:Surface bundle over the circle

Conjecture
1.- By "infinite fundamental group", I assume that $$\pi_1(M)=\mathbb{Z}$$ qualifies as such, right? linas 20:09, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Euclid proved there are infinitely many primes; so I guess the infinitude of the integers is known. Charles Matthews 22:31, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * So...that's definitely a possible fundamental group of a 3-manifold. But if you consider all the other conditions of the fibering conjecture, it's not allowed.  H_1 infinite means there's a non-separating surface; irrreduciblity means it can't be a sphere.  Compressing the surface gives a pi_1-injective surface, so the 3-manifold group contains a surface subgroup, which can't be the case if it's the integers (since the sphere is excluded).

 * Actually, the conclusion that the manifold fibers implies that the group contains a surface subgroup. The surface can't be a sphere (because of irreducibility), so we have a more complicated surface whose fundamental group injects into the fundamental group of the 3-manifold.  --C S 02:59, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Open Question
Which of the Seifert fiber spaces (NnII,3|0) and (NnIII,3|0) correspond to the surface bundle over $$S^1$$ constructed with fiber $$N_3$$ (genus three non-orientable surface: T#P=K#P) and the y-homeomorphism as the monodromy? Juan Marquez 30-Sept-2005

Simpler?
Can this be simplified to be more accessable to the general public? (Actually, it may not be of interest to the general public so it may not matter, but would an expert come here for this?) I added a technical tag so this will be looked at. RJFJR 13:30, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

 * You're making the mistaken assumption that there are only two groups of people, "the general public", and the "experts". There are a wide range of people ranging from knowing no mathematics to knowing a lot of mathematics.  A great many of these people you would probably tag as "expert", but actually have no knowledge of this topic.  Some pictures and such would help, so I'll leave the tag for now.  --C S (Talk) 02:04, 11 September 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Surface bundle over the circle


text:
NGR

NGR may refer to:

Countries by code

 * Niger (ITU: )
 * Nigeria (IOC: )

Rail transport

 * Natal Government Railways, British rail company in Africa (1877–1910)
 * Nepal Government Railway, between Nepal and India (1927–1965)
 * New Generation Rollingstock, a class of railcar used in Australia from 2017
 * North Gloucestershire Railway (now Toddington Narrow Gauge Railway), England

Other uses

 * Nonhomogeneous Gaussian regression, a statistical method for calibrating weather forecasts

title: NGR


text: Talk:Badr El Kaddouri

title: Talk:Badr El Kaddouri


text:
Talk:Terry Funk

Who did this
OK I have messed up this site before but not that bad I mean Headline Text is the title of a chapter what happened and who did it!?--Jay the wiz 00:50, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism By Alex Cain
A noted Wiki vandal named Alex Cain (see my talk page for details) has taken a liking to inserting into the article using multiple accounts (User:Super Grover & User:Owen Stevenson). This same user has had over three dozen accounts blocked infinitely for vandalism, harassment, and other abuse. - Chadbryant 20:49, 5 January 2006 (UTC)

Terry Funk vs. Jerry "The King" Lawler 1981 History
If anyone has the history on the infamous 1981 feud between Terry Funk and Jerry Lawler, that culiminated in an Empty Arena Match, it would a great part of the page. fishhead2100 May 10, 2006 1:58PM (UTC)

The video of the empty arena match is on youtube at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vU-ad73btcM I don't know much about the feud I'm afraid Regards2jimi 15:06, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

This article details (among other things) the Lawler-Funk feud from Memphis:

http://www.kayfabememories.com/Regions/memphis/memphis-cwa8-2.htm

ECW
I removed that he is working part-time for WWE's ECW. He stated this week on an internet talk radio show that he did ECW One Night Stand 2006 as a one-time thing but does not think he'll wrestle in the 'new' ECW. ABB 7/11/06

Wrestling History in Categories
I was just curious if his career could be sorted in categories. To me, I wanted to read about his WWF era, however, it's all one big paragraph. I hope someone can clear this up adding his wrestling periods in sections. Lazera 13:09, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Clean-up
This article needs a lot of clean up and some paragraphs need to be rewritten. HorseApples 02:53, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Signature moves
To clarify. Funk winning a single deathmatch with a punch does not equate to making that move his main finisher. If anyone disagrees then present the evidence. Suriel1981 15:15, 7 March 2007 (UTC)
 * The only reason it was on top was because the moves were in alphabetical order. ↪Lakes (Talk) 18:47, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

tupac
Removed the section that said that Terry Funk was the long lost brother of Tupac Shakur. I dont think that its the truth
 * How do you know that? HM!?!?!?!??! AndarielHalo (talk) 14:13, 17 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Tupac Shakur was actually the long lost brother of Jimmy Jack Funk. Austinmayor (talk) 22:41, 14 January 2009 (UTC)

List of retirements
I think a list of his many retirements needs to be made. I came here looking to see when his first retirement was, and I found no information regarding this, and only sporadic mentions of it in some of the sections. AndarielHalo (talk) 14:15, 17 December 2008 (UTC)

His first retirement was 8/31/83 after teaming with his brother against Hansen and Gordy. I don't think they should be listed though, but I guess we should and see what other say. RandySavageFTW (talk) 18:18, 17 December 2008 (UTC)

All Japan
It was a huge part of his career, that I would think is worth mentioning. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.11.70.17 (talk • contribs)
 * I haven't had time yet to write the essay WikiProjects create undue weight. This is far from the only pro wrestling biography article which suffers undue weight issues, because someone was evidently more concerned with presentation of a particular wrestling promotion, without regard to contextalizing the individual's place within that promotion.  Yes, the empty arena match was huge, though relatively few people were able to see it when it occurred.  His first retirement in All Japan in 1983 was huge, but it received substantially more coverage than it would have in an American wrestling territory at the time.  The Funk/Brisco feud was a whole lot bigger than anything he ever did in the WWF/E.  Etc., etc. RadioKAOS  –  Talk to me, Billy  21:57, 28 April 2013 (UTC)

Feud with Dusty Rhodes
I think this article should have a section dedicated to the legendary feud between Terry Funk and Dusty Rhodes.24.6.40.199 (talk) 07:52, 27 July 2014 (UTC)

Assisted Living Facility
Terry Funk appears to still remain in an assisted living facility and there has been no confirmation outside of Ric Flair's claim that he has returned home full time. This post by Mick Foley in particular has the resemblance of an assisted living facility. It seems Flair's claim in the article warrants clarification that it not has been verified by anyone else, and Terry Funk returning home full time and recovering after having been diagnosed with dementia is a pretty extraordinary claim by a somewhat-dubious source. SunnySydeRamsay (talk) 07:37, 20 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Terry Funk