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Talk:Shenandoah National Park

Untitled
The info box says: Nearest city: Waynesboro. By what standard? This is a linear park, with headquarters in the Town of Luray (which is near the center of the park). On that basis, the nearest cities (to Luray) would be Harrisonburg (33.5 miles) or Winchester (44 miles). If you consider the two major attraction areas of Big Meadows and Skyland, you still come up with Harrisonburg as closest. Waynesboro is 58 miles from Luray, and a good ride from all but a very small southern strip of land (for the Skyline Drive to connect with the Blue Ridge Parkway).

I guess we could say who cares? Part of the reason for creating the Shenandoah National Park was to provide isolation from urbanization, or even human development. Vaoverland 09:08, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I was looking at actual city as a designation as such...if Front Royal is a "city" or Luray is one then thay would count also. I do know that in Virginia, unlike many states, the designation of City is oftentimes as what wouldn't qualify as a city in many states...the term city in Virginia applies to an "incorporation" as such an entity, apart from the country they lie in. I put Waynesboro, simply becuase to my knowledge, it is the closest designated and independent city to the park...but Front Royal would probably also apply if it is also a city, but can't see how Harrisonburg would. It's a quick change, so put in whatever you think is best.--MONGO 17:54, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Front Royal is an incorporated town, as is Luray. Because all cities in Virginia are independent cities, they must assume all county-level duties and expenses, whereas incorporated towns are still located within a county. Few growing towns seem to aspire to become cities. In fact, two former cities, South Boston and Clifton Forge, modified their charters and reverted to town status under a law created to address the problem about 20 years ago. So, I think I realize now that Waynesboro really is the best choice of "nearest city" for this template, since at least it is close the southern terminus of the Skyline Drive. As, as Emily Litella would say, "Oh, well that's different. Never mind." Vaoverland 21:11, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

The problem here is that Shenandoah is a long, narrow park. Waynesboro is indeed the closest city to the park borders, but it is an unlikely destination for anyone visiting the central or northern section of the park. On the other hand, neither Harrisonburg nor Winchester is particularly relevant to park visitors, either. Visitors to the north section who are seeking a populated area generally go to Front Royal. Those in the central section go to Luray. Those in the southern section do go to Waynesboro. And, just for the sake of nitpicking, park HQ isn't actually in the Town of Luray, although it has a Luray mailing address. It's along the highway between the park and the town. Rivertorch 05:08, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Links vs. spam
The first link removed by Vsmith is to a book, Guide to Shenandoah National Park and the Skyline Drive by Henry Heatwole, which was for many years the definitive reference guide for visitors to the park. The author was perhaps the foremost authority on the history and topography of Shenandoah, and any potential hiker, camper, or mere sightseer who wanted to get the most out of his or her visit needed look no further than this book. Most of what it says is still perfectly relevant today. Mr. Heatwole passed away and the book, once published by the nonprofit Shenandoah History Association, went out of print, but the contents are now available online free of charge. How linking to the site that provides these highly informative contents could possibly constitute spam is beyond me. I am restoring the link.

The second removed link (photos of the park) also seems harmless enough—it's neither off-topic nor commercial—but I'll assume good faith here and let that one go. Rivertorch 07:25, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree with keeping the link in the event there is any further debate. Meekohi 14:25, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I spend most of my time each day removing spam, and I, too, agree that this is not spam. It is, in fact, just the sort of resource that external links are meant for-- too detailed to be incorporated into the article, but worthwhile additional info on the topic.  See WP:EL. -- Mwanner | Talk 15:17, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

 * My bad, I was a bit hasty there in assuming it was a book promotional link. Sorry 'bout that. The image link was commercial (they sell images) and has been spammed on most of the parks articles. Vsmith 16:16, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

I think it's important to note that the reason the book is out of print is that given current research findings there is quite a bit of mis-information. Users should be aware that while the hiking grid and log of the Drive can still be useful, the history in particular is seriously out of date and does not reflect the correction of many misconceptions that have ocurred due to recent researach. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sheninfo (talk • contribs) 18:04, 22 April 2009 (UTC)

GA Review
The article is a good, solid B-class article, but does not meet the Good Article criteria quite yet. It seems to be a little short on references, and the article is a bit too heavily dependent on the national park service websites for them. The attractions section only has one reference, referring to the pets issue, and nothing else. I also think that the attractions section is written a bit too much like a tourist brochure, and not really an encyclopedia article. I would recommend breaking this section up, and maybe having a section on trails, a section on lodging and campgrounds, and maybe even a section on Skyline Drive (which has its own wikipedia article, which could be linked to as a 'see also' reference, and a summary coming out of that article to be included here).

The lead is also a bit too short. It could be improved to provide a better summary of the article. See WP:LEAD for suggestions on this.

The 'ecology' section looks like a very good start, and very interesting. But it looks kind of like editors got lazy at the end with the bulleted list. Those items would be better off being better integrated into paragraphs. It could probably be expanded.

Those are the major issues with the article. Like I say, good, solid B-class, but not GA yet. Editors might want to review the manual of style, WP:LEAD, WP:CITE, and WP:EL, for tips on improving the article. Please renominate it at WP:GAC when the issues are addressed. Cheers! Dr. Cash 18:50, 22 September 2007 (UTC)

History section
The wording in the third paragraph of the History section has a tone that is too informal for the article. This passage should be rewritten: "A little-known fact is that, while some families were removed by force, a few others (who mostly had also become difficult to deal with) were allowed to stay after their properties were acquired, living in the park until nature took its course and they gradually died. The last to die was Annie Lee Bradley Shenk who died in 1979 at age 92. Most of the people displaced left their homes quietly." A citation should be referenced to corroborate the fact that people continued to inhabit the park after it had been created. Ms. Shenk's death should be cited as well, as should the fact that she was the last permanent resident within the park's borders. The final sentence seems to be a superfluous generalization. 98.172.27.242 (talk) 13:51, 25 June 2008 (UTC)

I expanded and cleaned up the history section these past couple of rainy weekends, but lots more work is needed. I checked out and read a recent colloquial account of the modern and historic park by Sue Eisenfeld, Shenandoah: A story of conservation and betrayal, but don't feel comfortable citing pages, in part because of its colloquial endnote style that doesn't cite pages and the author's possibly limited knowledge of the newspaperman and politician Byrd and the Great Depression in Virginia. Someday I might be able to look up the thesis written on Will Carson and write an article on him, as well as on Rev. Neve and his Episcopal missionaries whose school at Simmons Gap remains, but right now this is my historic triage.Jweaver28 (talk) 15:44, 26 April 2017 (UTC)

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Talk:Darius III

Darius the person and the ruler
There is alot of info in this article about Darius and the conflicts he had to deal with. But it doesn't really say anything about his rule. Was he a just ruler? Did he try to clean up the corruption in his new empire or was he corrupt as well? Perhaps a little bit more should be added along those lines.

Fred26 09:08, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

The article offers too many subjective opinions even for Wikipedia. The tone of the article ought to be factual. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.145.176.99 (talk) 14:46, 1 January 2009 (UTC)

 * SLAY 103.115.23.18 (talk) 09:27, 30 August 2022 (UTC)

Contradictions
The article says Bagoas was chiliarch. But that was, according to wikipedia a Greek office, not a Persian one. Furthermore, Bagoas was, per this article, killed by Darius. However the end of the first section says that he was not killed by Darius but taken by Alexander. Contradiction. --Blue Tie 02:57, 20 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Apparently, the title of chiliarch was directly imported by the greeks, and would be the same as a persian "hazarapatish" (which I think is the same as Great Vizier). As long as this is not exactly contradictory, since both ranks are the same just in different places, it would be better to change the chiliarch term for one of both hazarapatish or great vizier. Regarding the Bagoas issue, Great Vizier Bagoas and the eunuch Bagoas are two different persons, hence no contradiction there. Charles Dexter Ward 10:42, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I have proceeded to apply to aforementioned changes and remove the contradict tag. Please review the results. Charles Dexter Ward 13:06, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

Darius on the battlefield
In article In 333 BC Darius himself took the field against the Macedonian king, but his much larger army was outflanked and defeated at the Battle of Issus and Darius was forced to flee, leaving behind his chariot, his camp, and his family, all of which were captured by Alexander.

I remember reading somewhere that Darius had his lead military commander executed which forced him to take the field. He was executed because they disagreed on how to deal with Alexander. Any of that sound legit? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.209.246.97 (talk) 02:07, 5 July 2008 (UTC)
 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page has already been moved. Srnec (talk) 00:16, 28 April 2011 (UTC)

Requested move
Darius III Codomannus → Darius III — A user moved without any discussion the page from "Darius III of Persia" to "Darius III Codomannus" with edit summary "Follow usage of reliable sources". This is unacceptable because 1. the page was not moved with proper discussion based on how to do potentially problematic moves, 2. The reason "Follow usage of reliable sources" is a falsification: the Encyclopaedia Britannica uses Darius III, The Cambridge History of Iran also uses Darius III and of course Encyclopaedia Iranica too. Therefore "the most reliable sources in History of Iran" use Darius III. Xashaiar (talk) 12:28, 11 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Not convinced. Our general practice with the kings of the ancient world is to include name, number, and epithet, as with Ptolemy III Euergetes, although Ptolemy III is as unique as Darius III; the principal reason for having article titles at all is to tell as many readers as possible they are in the right place. In this case, readers who come here from the thousand books which call him "Darius III Codomannus" or from the thousands which call him Darius Codomannus are both served; so is anybody who knows him as Darius III. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 18:32, 11 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Support a move back to 'Darius III'. The move towards 'Darius III Codomannus' was not requested, debated, or agreed upon. AFAIK 'Darius III' is the common English name (as WP:Commonname) and the following seems to confirm this: see here. Flamarande (talk) 02:02, 12 March 2011 (UTC)

Comment I support moving to Darius III of Persia, which already redirects here, and is consistent with Darius I of Persia. PatGallacher (talk) 22:10, 14 March 2011 (UTC)
 * I do not regard Darius I of Persia as a good idea either; he is primarily known (and is primary usage for) simple Darius. But that would be a multimove request, to be proposed after this one. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 15:29, 15 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Our basic starting point is WP:NCROY, which in this case means "Darius III of Persia", which should be followed in the absence of a good reason to the contrary. I see no mention of any general practice in relation to the ancient world, I think the Ptolemys may have gone off at a tangent.  I do not believe the name Codomannus is in widespread use, I do have some basic knowledge of ancient history and I had never heard of it. PatGallacher (talk) 16:35, 15 March 2011 (UTC)

 * WP:NCROY says, as it did the last time you tried to invoke it beyond its range, These following conventions apply to European monarchs since the fall of the Western Roman Empire (but not to the Byzantine Emperors), because they share much the same stock of names. Neither the condition nor the reason for it apply to the Persian Empire. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 03:28, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

 * True, but the crucual point is "they share much the same stock of names". It also says that this convention may be applied to cultures where monarchs of different countries share the same stock of names e.g. the Muslim world.  We have Darius of Pontus, we need to disambiguate him from the Persian monarchs.  I also think Darius III of Persia is more easily recognisable to the general reader. PatGallacher (talk) 11:06, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

 * We hqve an obscure figure, a puppet of Marc Anthony's, who reigned for two years, and who is already disambiguated; in addition we have the three Great Kings of the Persian Empire. This is not the same situation as Western Europe, where Henry IV can mean an Emperor, a King of England, a King of France, and innumerable dukes, counts, and margraves. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 15:16, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

 * OK, fair point, I now support "Darius III". I don't like the name + number + epithet formula, and question whether it should be applied to as many monarchs as it is already, I see no indication that it a general naming convention for the ancient world, but that's another discussion. PatGallacher (talk) 16:03, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

 * I am neutral on this move; both names are acceptable to me. I have proposed a move at Talk:Darius I of Persia that commenters here may be interested in. —Srnec (talk) 23:35, 15 March 2011 (UTC)

Keep It Simple Stupid, these 3 Persian rulers should be described as Darius I, Darius II, and Darius III. PatGallacher (talk) 19:32, 18 March 2011 (UTC)

Support This ngram suggests that "Darius III" has been the overwhelming common usage for over 70 years now. Codomannus was his given name and Darius his royal name. The first two Dariuses rarely appear with a given name. So this name is the only one of the three where this is even an issue. Since the formating issue relates only to the preferences of modern writers, it's obviously better if all three names are given in the same format. Darius I is not likely to get moved to Darius I Hystaspes. Kauffner (talk) 18:33, 20 March 2011 (UTC) Comment. I've asked Kauffner to either move this page to Darius III, which seemed to be the consensus of the discussion, or to reopen the move request, which he incorrectly closed, having been an active participant in it. Dohn joe (talk) 00:11, 7 April 2011 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Major Innacuracies
Unfortunately, most editors you were knowledgeable in Persian history have long abandoned Wikipedia in frustration over continued bullying by certain Wikipedia administrators.

This article is in need of a major re-edit to address lopsidedness and vandalism.Special:Contributions/Artabanus3 (talk) 04:30, 6 February 2012 (UTC)

Persian pronunciation, what?
Why the hell does the beginning of this article give the pronunciation of the name in Modern Persian? This is the English Wikipedia, and Darius' own personal name was in OLD Persian (Darayavauš or something, iirc)-- Modern Persian doesn't come into play here. I'm deleting it for the time being. Cevlakohn (talk) 00:52, 10 February 2012 (UTC)

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Tomb of Darius
According to the Wiki article at Tomb of Darius the Great, the tomb has been found. The assertion otherwise in this article (citing a 1993 source) should therefore probably be updated. WmDKing (talk) 11:38, 4 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Darius III


text:
Yaw Preko

Yaw Preko (born 8 September 1974 in Accra) is a former football striker from Ghana. He is currently the manager of Ghana U20.

Career
His career started in Powerlines, a small Ghanaian club, and his first European club was R.S.C. Anderlecht where he became Belgian champion three times. He played in Turkey from 1997 to 2004 before joining Halmstads BK in the Allsvenskan. He then left Halmstads BK in 2005 as the club did not renew his contract, he signed for Saudi Arabian team Al-Ettifaq and stayed with them for almost 2 years and then signed for HAGL in the Vietnamese V-League, which he left after one season. A free agent, Preko subsequently announced his interest of returning home to the Ghanaian league.

International
He has played 68 international matches for the Ghana national team, and was a member of the team that won the bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Coaching career
From December 2012 to July 2013, Preko was the assistant manager of Ghana's U20 national team. In October 2015, he became assistant manager under Kenichi Yatsuhashi. On 30 October 2016, he was appointed caretaker manager replacing Sergio Traguil. However, the club decided to appoint a new manager at the end of October 2018 and two weeks later, he was reunited with Kenichi Yatsuhashi at Nigerian club Ifeanyi Ubah still as assistant manager. Yatsuhashi was sacked already sacked on 12 December 2016 and once again, Preko took over as a caretaker manager and later permanent manager. In January 2018, he was appointed assistant manager for Ghana's U17 national team.

In April 2019, he was appointed assistant manager of Ghanaian club Kings Palace FC, again under Kenichi Yatsuhashi. In June 2019, he was appointed manager of Ghana's U20 national team.

title: Yaw Preko


text:
Finse

Finse is a locality in the mountainous north-east of Ulvik municipality in Vestland county, Norway. Located on lake Finsevatnet, it is centered around Finse station, a railway station on the Bergen Line, which is the highest station of the Norwegian railway system at an elevation of 1222 m above sea level. As it is not reachable by road, and as the municipality is not otherwise connected by rail, Finse is not easily accessible from the rest of Ulvik or from elsewhere in the Hardanger region. According to Statistics Norway, the basic statistical unit of Finse-Hallingskeid, which includes several other nearby localities such as Hallingskeid station, had a population of 10 in 2023.

In winter, Finse is a popular destination for cross-country skiing and other winter sports, while during summer it is a popular start point for hiking and bicycling trips. Tourist facilities include a hotel (Finse 1222), a hostel (Finsehytta) operated by the Norwegian Mountain Touring Association (DNT), as well as a number of private cabins. Just west of Finse station, the railway passes through the Finse Tunnel, the longest tunnel on the Bergen Line. When opened, the tunnel replaced a section of rail that was frequently blocked by snow and difficult to clear, causing delays and cancellations on the railway. According to the BBC, explorers Roald Amundsen, Robert Falcon Scott and Ernest Shackleton all trained for their expeditions at Finse.

Transportation
Since there are no public roads linking Finse to the outside world, the railway provides the sole means of year-round motorised transportation to and from Finse. As of 2023, the long-distance trains between Bergen and Oslo called at Finse with four daily departures in each direction on weekdays. Apart from these long-distance trains, Finse is not served by any railway services. Because the railway is the only means of transportation into or out of Finse, especially difficult weather conditions, rail accidents or damage to rail infrastructure can isolate it from the outside world. In 2020, a particularly difficult year, several separate incidents caused the Bergen Line to be closed for 4 days in total during the first three months of the year. These incidents included the destruction of an avalanche gallery and the derailing of a freight train, both occurring near Finse. The four days of closure equalled the total number of days without passenger traffic on the line during the previous decade.

In summer, it is possible to walk or cycle to Finse on the Rallarvegen rail trail, which stretches from Myrdal station or Flåm to Finse's west to Haugastøl station to its east. Originally built around the turn of the twentieth century as an access road for the workers constructing the railway, Rallarvegen has been open to the public as a bicycle trail since 1974 following a volunteer effort in the 1960s and 1970s. Motorised vehicles are permitted only by application in order to prevent damage to the trail. A railway navvy museum is located near the station, displaying exhibits concerning the construction of the railway line as well as two decommissioned snow-clearing engines which visitors are free to explore.

Recreation
During the winter, Finse is popular for cross-country skiing, snowkiting (due to its location on the edge of the frozen lake Finsevatnet) and expedition training. The ill-fated Scott expedition to the South Pole trained here, and outside the hotel there is a monument to those that died.

There is one small drag lift which allows downhill skiing on one slope back into town. In summer, the recreational focus switches to mountain cycling (including on the aforementioned Rallarvegen trail) and hiking, including glacier hiking on the nearby "blue ice" glacier Hardangerjøkulen, the sixth largest glacier in mainland Norway.

Research
Owing to its high altitude and cold climate, Finse is a centre for teaching and academic work on high-altitude biology. It is home to the Alpine Research Center operated by the University of Oslo and the University of Bergen. The research centre began its work in 1972, initially under the title of the High Mountain Ecological Research Station. The Centre hosts numerous workshops, conferences, and research projects from both Norwegian and international institutions. It is part of the EU funded International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic (INTERACT).

Climate
Located at a high altitude, Finse has an alpine tundra climate (Et in the Köppen climate classification). The wettest season is late summer and autumn, and the driest season is spring. The closest weather station is Finsevatn, which has been operating since in 1993 and is located about 1.5 kilometers south-east of Finse station. There is usually snow on the ground from late October or November to late May or June.

In culture
Finse, including the Finse tunnel and the hotel Finse 1222, is the setting of Anne Holt's 2007 novel 1222. It is also the setting for the climax of the 1948 Hammond Innes novel The Blue Ice.

For the 1980 movie The Empire Strikes Back, the second feature film of the Star Wars franchise, Finse was used as filming location for several scenes taking place on the ice planet Hoth. The hotel at Finse hosted the production crew during filming, and a festival for Star Wars fans was held there from 2017—2020. According to the official PlayStation account on Twitter, the team behind the 2015 video game Star Wars Battlefront went to Finse to film in preparation for building the game's Hoth map.

title: Finse


text:
User talk:RobHerrick

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title: User talk:RobHerrick


text:
Îlots des Apôtres

The Îlots des Apôtres or Îles des Apôtres (Apostle Islets or Islands) are a group of small and uninhabited rocky islands in the north-western part of the Crozet Archipelago in the southern Indian Ocean, 10 km north of Île aux Cochons. Their total area is about 2 km².

Description
There are two larger islands (Île Grande - Big Island, and Île Petite - Little Island), together occupying almost 90 percent of the area. The highest peak is Mont Pierre (289 m on Île Grande. In addition, there are about 20 rocks, with elevations between 15 and 122 m. The islands are very steep. Despite their small size, Île Grande reaches a height of 289 m, and Île Petite 246 m.

History
On the night of 1 July 1875, the Strathmore, a three-masted ship sailing between the United Kingdom and New Zealand, was wrecked in the vicinity after striking a reef. Of the 89 passengers on board, 44 survived on Île Grande until 21 January 1876, when they were rescued by another ship.

Important Bird Area
The islets have been identified as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International as a breeding site for seabirds, with at least 25 species nesting there. The birds include wandering, grey-headed, light-mantled, sooty, black-browed and Indian yellow-nosed albatrosses, great-winged, soft-plumaged, white-chinned and blue petrels, medium-billed prions, northern giant petrels, common diving petrels, Crozet blue-eyed shags and Kerguelen terns.

title: Îlots des Apôtres


text:
Talk:Gate valve

Some of the photos in the article are globe valves and not gate valves. there is a significant difference between the two. I removed the incorrect images. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 184.71.31.149 (talk) 21:05, 14 January 2013 (UTC)
 * No, they're just small UK-style gate valves for domestic heating. The widened sides to the body are distinctive for a gate valve, as is the large diameter to the top cap.
 * Mind you, they don't add anything to the article, so I'd agree to their removal. Andy Dingley (talk) 22:08, 14 January 2013 (UTC)

There is a gallery, but all that can be seen are the outside of the valve bodies, so the insides could be anything, and ultimately they are not very elucidating. - Craig Pemberton 08:04, 20 November 2009 (UTC)

which is better for flow control gate valve or butterfly valve

as far as i know, gate valve is mainly for either full flow or no flow. so i guess if for flow rate control, butterfly valve is better.

Gate valves are on-off valves. Butterfly valves can be used as either on=off or as throttling valves. A certain amount of flow turbulence will occur when butterfly valves are used for throttling due to their in-line design.

"Better" is a relative term. While gate valves are typically "on-off" valves, some types may be used to throttle, and depending upon the application, could be better than a butterfly valve in that particular application. Best to seek prefessional advice.

One category of a "gate" valve is a "knife" type gate valve, and these come in a couple of general configurations; Double-edge seat and "wedge" types.

The file http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Valve-nuts-bolts-The-Alloy-Valve-Stockist.jpg seems to depict Ball Valve stems. Should this be removed from this particular gallery? Jdedmond (talk) 09:46, 13 May 2010 (UTC)

Poor sealing
Gate valves, when used with a fluid that contains any amount of sediment, are prone to sediment build-up in the seat area, with resultant poor sealing. For this reason they are a poor choice for "shutoff valves" in, eg, domestic water systems. drh (talk) 11:32, 29 July 2010 (UTC)

ANSI
ASNI is a American National Standards Institute is institute that devide gate valves in different classes. it's better to explane about this classes in the main article. "gate valve are intended to be fully open or completely closed". this is very important sentence that make gate valve special. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Saeed mirzazadeh (talk • contribs) 07:36, 2 July 2011 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 02:22, 24 September 2018 (UTC)
 * Gate Valve Opening and Closing.webm

title: Talk:Gate valve


text:
Indian National Defence Workers' Federation

Indian National Defence Workers Federation (INDWF) is a trade union in India, affiliated to the Indian National Trade Union Congress, that organizes civilian workers in factories and other establishments under the Ministry of Defence. INDWF opposes privatization of Defence units and ordnance factories.


text:
Talk:Zhenghua Primary School

Untitled
... bit more, although quality good. A pic? Victuallers 14:12, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

Untitled
This article has been kept following this AFD debate. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:12, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Sch logozps.jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 04:53, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zhenghua Primary School


text:
Warung

A warung (old spelling: waroeng or warong) is a type of small family-owned business — small retail, eatery, or café — in Indonesia. A warung is an essential part of daily life in Indonesia. Over time, the term warung has shifted somewhat — especially among foreign visitors, expatriates, and people abroad — to refer more specifically to a modest Indonesian eatery or a place that sells Indonesian retail items (mostly groceries or foodstuff). But for the majority of Indonesians, it still refers to a small, neighborhood convenience shop, often a front room or booth in a family's home.

There are tourist-serving establishments on the island of Bali and elsewhere that attach the term warung to their business to indicate their Indonesian nature. Traditionally, warung is indeed a family-owned business, run by the family members, mostly by women.

Traditional warungs are made from wood, bamboo, or woven thatch. More permanent warungs are stalls made from bricks and concrete, which are often family-owned businesses attached to their homes. Some smaller portable warungs are made from tin, zinc, or molded fiberglass in some modern versions. Warung tenda is a portable tent-based warung, covered with canvas, fabric, tarp, or plastic sheet tent for roofing.

Terminology
The term warung simply denotes a wide category of small businesses, either a small retail shop or an eatery. It is widely used in Java and most of Indonesia. In certain parts of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula, the word kedai is sometimes used as well. In Javanese culture areas, such as in Yogyakarta, Semarang, and Surakarta, its counterpart term wedhangan or angkringan is more commonly found. On the other hand, the term toko is used for a larger and more established shop.

The term can be used to loosely refer to many other types of shops, including the wartel (short for warung telepon, essentially a manned phone booth) and warnet (short for warung internet Internet café).

Varieties
There are many kinds of warung, some take the form of a small shop that sells cold bottled drinks, candy, cigarettes, snacks, krupuk, and other daily necessities, while the larger ones are small restaurant establishments. A warung that sells food typically sells easily-prepared local foods; pisang goreng and many kinds of gorengan, nasi goreng (fried rice), and mie goreng'' (fried noodles).

On the resort island of Bali and Lombok, warung might refer to a touristy cabana cafe that sells locals' favourites as well as Asian or Western food. Other than Indonesian dishes, on their menu, there might be a selection of soups, steaks, fries, sandwiches, or grilled fish.

Some types of warung are:
 * Warung rokok or common warung is a very small street-side shop, constructed from wood, bamboo, or tin. Most of them measure not more than 2 x 1 meters (6.56 x 3.28 feet). They sell rokok (cigarettes), cold bottled drinks, snacks and candies, krupuk, soap, toothpaste, and other daily necessities, essentially a miniaturized convenience store. This is the most commonly distributed warung, sprung in residential areas, slums, street sides, and tucked between high-rise business areas.
 * Warkop or warung kopi is a small cafe or coffee shop that sells coffee and snacks, such as roasted peanuts, rempeyek, krupuk, pisang goreng, and bread. At a time in Indonesia, the Malaysian and Singaporean counterpart kopi tiam, gained popularity instead of the humble local warung kopi. Traditionally, warung kopi served a social function as a gathering place for men of the village to socialize and trade news. As time passed, specialty cafes flourished spurred by the surge of the local's interest in quality coffee. As a result, various cafes were growing, from humble warung kopi to fancy coffee shop selling artisan and premium specialty coffee.
 * Warung nasi is a humble small restaurant that sells nasi (rice) with other Indonesian dishes. Instead of separate tables and chairs, a long communal bar and bench are usually provided for customers to dine at.
 * Warteg or warung tegal is a more specific warung nasi, established by Javanese people from the town of Tegal in Central Java. They sell favourite Javanese dishes and rice. A wide array of pre-cooked dishes is arranged in glass-windowed cupboards. They are well known for selling modestly-priced meals, popular among the working class such as low-skilled labourers in the cities.
 * Warung padang is a small scaled Padang restaurant. It usually provides a bar and bench instead of tables and chairs for seating and, sometimes, a choice of fewer dishes. Larger scale more established Padang eateries are referred to as rumah makan padang or Padang restaurant instead.
 * Warung jamu specifically sells jamu traditional herbal medicine.
 * Warnet or warung internet is an internet cafe.
 * Wartel or warung telepon is a manned phone booth.
 * Pedagang Kaki Lima (PKL) are vendors operating a pull cart. Their name (literally "Five-footed merchant") refers to the two legs of the vendor, the two cartwheels, and a monopod stand for operations. A warung might be based on a PKL's cart, which represents one of the most humble warungs of all.

Most of the time, warung are named after the main dishes they sell. For example, warung bubur kacang ijo or warung burjo sells bubur kacang hijau, warung roti bakar sells grilled bread, warung pecel lele sells pecel lele or fried catfish with sambal, while warung indomie sells cooked instant noodles, although the brand might not always be Indomie.

title: Warung


text:
Pacific Coast Borax Company

The Pacific Coast Borax Company (PCB) was a United States mining company founded in 1890 by the American borax magnate Francis Smith, the "Borax King".

History
The roots of the Pacific Coast Borax Company lie in Mineral County, Nevada, east of Mono Lake, where Smith, while contracting to provide firewood to a small borax operation at nearby Columbus Marsh, spotted Teels Marsh while looking westward from the upper slopes of Miller Mountain where the only nearby trees were growing. Eventually, to satisfy his curiosity, Smith and two assistants visited Teels Marsh and collected samples, that proved to assay higher than any known sources for borate. Returning to Teels Marsh, Smith and his helpers staked claims and laid the foundation for his career as a borax miner.

With the help of his older brother, Julius, who came west from the family home in Wisconsin, and financial support from the two Storey brothers, operations began in 1872 under the name, Smith and Storey Brothers Borax Co. When the Storey brothers' interests were subsequently acquired in 1873, the name was shortened to Smith Brothers Borax Co. A few years later (circa 1884) it was changed again to Teel's Marsh Borax Co. In 1880, the separate and previously existing Pacific Borax Company (with no "Coast" in the name) was acquired by Smith. Frank Smith also developed holdings with his business associate William Tell Coleman at the Harmony Borax Works as well as the Meridian Borax Company, which were subsequently combined to form the Pacific Borax, Salt & Soda Company in 1888. The Pacific Coast Borax Co. name was not adopted until Smith acquired all of Coleman's borax interests in central Nevada and California, after Coleman's bankruptcy, and incorporated them all under the new company name in 1890.

Processing plants
There were processing plants in Alameda, California and in Bayonne, New Jersey.

One of the earliest reinforced concrete buildings constructed in the United States was the Pacific Coast Borax Company's refinery in Alameda, California, designed by Ernest L. Ransome and built in 1893. It was the first to use ribbed floor construction as well as concrete columns.

Death Valley
The Harmony Borax Works were part of what was acquired from Coleman by Smith in 1890. The borax was shipped via the Death Valley Railroad that the company built to the east, from Ryan, California, to Death Valley Junction, California. It then transferred to the narrow gauge Death Valley Railroad to meet up with the Tonopah and Tidewater Railroad (T&T) which ran from the Amargosa Valley south to the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway railhead in Ludlow, California. The Borax Museum, located in Death Valley National Park, has a locomotive on display from the Death Valley Railroad.

Other mines
As Death Valley mining ran down, Smith developed new mines in the Calico Mountains near Yermo, California, and built the Borate and Daggett Railroad to haul product to the railhead in Daggett, California. Later, the company developed methods to process material from Searles Lake in the Searles Valley, building the company town of Westend and a siding on the Trona Railway for shipping to the railhead at Searles, California. Christian Brevoort Zabriskie joined the company in 1885, became its vice president and stayed until 1933. Zabriskie Point above Death Valley is named in his honor.

20 Mule Team Borax
The company established and aggressively developed and marketed the 20 Mule Team Borax trademark in order to promote the sale of its product. The name derived from the 20-mule teams that were used to transport borax out of Death Valley in the 1880s from Harmony Borax Works near Furnace Creek Ranch, owned by William Tell Coleman at that time and sold to Smith in 1890. They also produced Boraxo hand soap. The radio version of Death Valley Days ran from 1930 to 1951. The TV series Death Valley Days was hosted at one point by "Borateem-pitchman" and future U.S. President Ronald Reagan.

Death Valley Junction Civic Center
In Death Valley Junction, California in 1923–24, the Pacific Coast Borax Company constructed, at a cost of $300,000 ($0 in dollars ), a U-shaped Civic Center complex, around three sides of a town square, designed by architect Alexander Hamilton McCulloh. The Spanish Colonial Style adobe buildings included company offices, a store, an employee dorm, a 23-room hotel, dining room, lobby, gymnasium, billiard room and ice cream parlor.

At the northeast corner of the complex, was Corkill Hall, used for dances, church services, movies, funerals and town meetings, and became the Amargosa Opera House, in 1967.

Remodeled in 1927, in 1967, the west side of the complex became the Amargosa Hotel.

Death Valley Hotel
In 1926, the Pacific Coast Borax Company created a subsidiary called the Death Valley Hotel Company to construct a Mission Revival style-luxury hotel near the Furnace Creek springs in the foothills of the Funeral Mountains overlooking Death Valley. The Furnace Creek Inn opened in February 1927, with transport via the motor-coach from the Ryan station of the Tonopah and Tidewater Railroad.

U.S. Borax
In 1956, the Pacific Coast Borax Company merged with United States Potash Corporation to form U.S. Borax, which itself was acquired by Rio Tinto Minerals (Rio Tinto Group) in 1967. As a wholly owned subsidiary, the company now is called Rio Tinto Borax and continues to supply nearly half the world's borates. U.S. Borax sold its flagship consumer product lines (Boraxo, Borateem and 20 Mule Team) to Dial Corporation in 1988. It continues to operate the Rio Tinto Borax Mine, which is the largest open-pit mine in California next to the company town of Boron, in the Mojave Desert east of Mojave, California.

The Trona operation later became part of Searles Valley Minerals.

title: Pacific Coast Borax Company


text: Template:Governorates of Bahrain

title: Template:Governorates of Bahrain


text:
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title: User:Btm


text:
95bFM

95bFM is a New Zealand student radio station. It operates in Auckland on a Schedule 7 (educational purposes) semi-commercial licence. The station is based in the Student Union Building at the University of Auckland, is owned by a trust on behalf of the Auckland University Students Association (AUSA), and broadcasts its signal to greater Auckland at 95.0 on the FM dial. It was the promoter of the b Net New Zealand Music Awards and the popular Summer Series live events in nearby Albert Park, Auckland.

The station has developed into one of New Zealand’s most listened-to alternative music broadcasters, with an estimated 100,000 listeners. During the 2005 general election campaign, the station's news and editorial director Noelle McCarthy conducted an interview in which National Party leader Don Brash admitted that he had forewarning of a controversial leaflet campaign conducted by the Exclusive Brethren sect. Breakfast show hosts regularly interview New Zealand political figures. The centrepiece of the news operation is The Wire, a music and current affairs show that airs every weekday from noon to 1pm.

Alongside the flagship is bFM Breakfast, Morning Glory, The Wire, Afternoon and Drive slots. There are also specialist programmes like Rhythm Selection, Freak the Sheep, the 95bFM Top 10 and the Sunday "best of" show. Daily "" (a stored mp3 audio file) are available on the station's website along with a full schedule of DJs/shows. The website was finalist at the 2006 South by South West Web awards. Its award-winning creative department creates most of its own broadcast advertising, rather than using supplied agency material, as most commercial radio does.

History
Founded in 1969 as a capping stunt, bFM was a pirate student radio station, broadcast from a boat - which ran aground in Auckland's Waitematā Harbour - and played illegally on speakers around the University. The iconic ‘b’ originally stood for "bosom". The station was originally run as an AUSA club but by the mid-1980s had seven staff (paid a nominal wage) and 100+ volunteers. All staff were voted into their position by collective vote - the collective being the staff and volunteers of the station at the time, with the appointments ratified by the AUSA.

The AUSA formed Campus Radio BFM Limited in 1989 and required the station to run at break-even after it had run up significant losses in previous years. That was not popular with many staff and volunteers, some of whom resigned when new station manager Simon Laan took over and started implementing changes recommended in a report titled "Saving BFM" by Kerr Inkson and Kelly Grove Hill (from the Auckland University School of Business). Their report had been commissioned by previous station manager Jude Anaru. Laan was the last station manager to be elected to that position, after he lobbied the Board to change its appointment processes and dispense with the voting system.

It transferred permanently from the AM to FM band (originally to 91.8FM, now the frequency of More FM) in the late 1980s, after a long legal application process (opposed by all other commercial radio stations operating in Auckland) begun in 1984 by station manager Debbi Gibbs, daughter of prominent New Zealand businessman Alan Gibbs, and completed by her successor Jude Anaru in 1988.

The station initially broadcast on the FM band by applying only for a temporary short term broadcasting warrant, and then applying for another one when that one expired. This upset commercial radio stations who were also trying to make the switch from AM to FM, but were delayed by the New Zealand Government who were slowly auctioning off commercial frequencies to commercial broadcasters. By 'drip feeding' commercial frequencies onto the market the Government found it could maximise auction prices. In holding a Schedule 7 (educational purposes) semi-commercial licence, bFM did not have to pay for its frequency.

During the 1980s the station changed its name from Radio B to Campus Radio (1404 AM), then back to Radio B, and then finally bFM. Its hours expanded and it eventually became a 24-hour station operating on a permanent warrant in 1989. Most show hosts are volunteers. The distinctive 95bFM 'b' logo was designed by Johnnie Pain, commissioned by then station manager Liz Tan to design it. The previous logo had been chosen through a vote by station staff and volunteers from a selection of entries in a public logo competition run by previous station manager Simon Laan.

Programme
, the station's news and editorial wing, features the talents of Noelle McCarthy, Simon Pound, Rebecca Wright and Russell Brown. also deploys political satire through a number of witty "bird calls" for many local politicians and a fictitious character, Rob the Young National who parodies the New Zealand National Party.

also runs events such as the music awards.

Alumni
Former staff include Mark "Slave" Williams, Otis Frizzell, Simon Grigg, and former MediaWorks New Zealand chief executive and radio host Brent Impey. DJ Sirvere (Philip Bell) and DJ Sicoff (Simon Coffey) made some of their first public appearances on bFM. Radio Hauraki hosts Jeremy Wells, Matt Heath and Mikey Havoc began their radio careers on bFM Breakfast, while Nick Dwyer has hosted a breakfast show on George FM and Charlotte Ryan now hosts the drive programme on Kiwi FM. Rhys Darby and David Farrier hosted a programme on the station from 2010 to 2012, a partnership they continued with Netflix series Short Poppies.

Russell Brown, Noelle McCarthy and Wallace Chapman have gone on from roles with bFM to careers with Radio New Zealand, TVNZ and other media outlets. RadioLive personalities Marcus Lush, Graeme Hill and Chris Forster and Newstalk ZB presenters and producers Andrew Topping, Andrew Dickens and Tania McKenzie-Cook all honed their skills with bFM. Other former alumni include 3 News journalists Rebecca Wright and Kim Choe, ABC journalist Charlotte Glennie; Nine News journalist, Robert Herrick and print journalists Hannah Sarney (Financial Times), Hugh Sundae and Paul Casserly.

title: 95bFM


text:
All India Defence Employees Federation

All India Defence Employees Federation is a trade union in India that organizes civilian workers in factories and other establishments under the Ministry of Defence. AIDEF is supported jointly by the All India Trade Union Congress and the Centre of Indian Trade Unions. AIDEF was founded in 1953.

S.N. Pathak is the president C. Srikumar are General Secretary's of AIDEF.(From June'2013 to June 2016)

AIDEF opposes privatization of Defence units and ordnance factories.

title: All India Defence Employees Federation


text:
Ooh La La (Goldfrapp song)

"Ooh La La" is a song by English electronic music duo Goldfrapp from their third studio album, Supernature (2005). Written and produced by Alison Goldfrapp and Will Gregory, the song consists largely of a synthesiser and guitar arrangement, and has been described as "a dirty, decadent homage to Marc Bolan".

The song was released as the album's lead single in August 2005 to positive reviews from music critics. It was a commercial success, reaching the top 40 on the majority of the charts it appeared, and topped the United States dance chart. The song has been remixed a number of times and was nominated for Best Dance Recording at the 49th Grammy Awards in 2007.

Background and writing
Goldfrapp began work on "Ooh La La" in late 2004 in a small rented house in the countryside of Bath, England. The song was composed as a collaborative effort between Alison Goldfrapp and Will Gregory while jamming in the recording studio, bouncing song ideas off each other. Goldfrapp contributed the song's lyrics, and has described the song as being "sulky, sexual and a bit ambiguous". In "Ooh La La", she confesses to wanting only a sexual relationship without romance.

"Ooh La La" was Goldfrapp's first song to feature the electric guitar, an instrument that they had avoided due to its overly recognisable rhythm. When they recorded the song, Gregory played the keyboard bass as Goldfrapp sang. Her microphone picked up the "clattering" of Gregory's pressing the keys, which they added to the chorus; Gregory described the sound as "like horses galloping". The song is written in the common verse-chorus form and features additional instrumentation from synthesisers and a bass guitar.

The song has been compared to Norman Greenbaum's 1969 song "Spirit in the Sky", Juana Molina's 2003 song "Sonamos" and Rachel Stevens' 2004 song "Some Girls" (itself heavily influenced by Goldfrapp's own "Strict Machine"). Gregory noted that comparisons to Greenbaum were made when the duo released the song "Train" in 2003, adding that the two tracks share the same glam swing. Goldfrapp rejected comparisons to Stevens, stating that "Some Girls" was "very bland".

Critical reception
"Ooh La La" received positive reviews from music critics. MusicOMH.com reviewer Michael Hubbard described the song as "sensational", writing that "Ooh La La" "will spawn a million remixes, and deservedly so". Heather Phares of AllMusic named "Ooh La La" as the best song from Supernature. Jessica Suarez of Spin magazine compared "Ooh La La" with Black Cherry's "Strict Machine", saying that the song sounds "so simplistic that [its] minimalist repetition occasionally teeters over into redundancy". PopMatters also compared the two songs, but wrote that the "gimmick remains something they do incredibly well, and when the chorus kicks in, Alison lala-ing away, it's impossible not to give in".

Rolling Stone magazine included the song in its list of the top hundred songs of 2006, ranking it at number ten. At the 2007 Grammy Awards, the song was nominated for Best Dance Recording, losing out to Justin Timberlake's "SexyBack".

Release and commercial performance
"Ooh La La" was chosen as the album's lead single "because it was up and in your face and it carried on the theme of the glammy, discoey beat from the last album". The song was released on various formats throughout the world. While most territories received a CD and download release, in the UK the single was additionally released on DVD and limited edition 12" vinyl. The DVD single included the music video for "Ooh La La" and a short documentary titled "Little Pictures".

"Ooh La La" entered the UK Singles Chart on 14 August 2005 at number 4, remaining on the chart for 13 weeks. It finished as the 91st best-selling single of 2005 in the United Kingdom. Elsewhere, the single reached number one in Spain, number 16 in Ireland, and number 36 in Australia. In North America, "Ooh La La" was released as the album's second single in February 2006. In the United States, the song became Goldfrapp's third consecutive release to reach the top of the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart. The song also reached number three on the Hot Dance Airplay chart.

Music video
The music video for "Ooh La La" was directed by Dawn Shadforth. Inspired by "glam rock '70s TV", the video features Goldfrapp and a backing band (not portrayed by her regular live musicians) performing in a large green room. Scenes of Alison Goldfrapp riding on a digital sparkling horse are intercut toward the end of the video. Alison Goldfrapp has described the video as "harking back to Eno-era Roxy Music and old Top of the Pops". The complete version of "Ooh La La" featured in the music video has been released commercially through CD singles and digital downloads, and some include remixes by Benny Benassi, Tiefschwarz, and Andy Bell.

Track listings

 * CD single 1
 * 1) "Ooh La La" (Single Version) – 3:00
 * 2) "All Night Operator (Part 1)" – 4:00

 * CD single 2
 * 1) "Ooh La La" (Benny Benassi Remix) (Extended) – 6:53
 * 2) "Ooh La La" (Phones Re-Edit) – 6:31
 * 3) "Ooh La La" (Tiefschwarz Dub) – 6:39

 * DVD single
 * 1) "Ooh La La" (Video) – 3:20
 * 2) "Ooh La La" (Little Pictures) – 2:43
 * 3) "Ooh La La" (When Andy Bell Met Manhattan Clique Mix) (Audio) – 6:20

 * 12-inch single 1
 * 1) "Ooh La La" (Original Extended Mix) – 5:12
 * 2) "Ooh La La" (Phones Re-Edit) – 6:29

 * 12-inch single 2
 * 1) "Ooh La La" (Benny Benassi Remix) (Extended) – 6:50
 * 2) "Ooh La La" (Benny Benassi Dub) – 6:28
 * 3) "Ooh La La" (Tiefschwarz Dub) – 6:36

 * Digital single (2019)
 * 1) "Ooh La La" (Single Version) – 2:57
 * 2) "All Night Operator (Pt. 1)" – 3:59
 * 3) "Ooh La La" (Extended Mix) – 5:14
 * 4) "Ooh La La" (Benny Benassi Remix) (Extended) – 6:52
 * 5) "Ooh La La" (Benny Benassi Dub) – 6:30
 * 6) "Ooh La La" (Phones Re-edit) – 6:31
 * 7) "Ooh La La" (Tiefschwarz Dub) – 6:38
 * 8) "Ooh La La" (When Andy Bell Met Manhattan Clique Remix) – 6:20
 * 9) "Ooh La La" (Peter Rauhofer Reconstruction Mix) – 9:13

Personnel
The following people contributed to "Ooh La La":
 * Alison Goldfrapp – lead vocals, backing vocals, synthesizer
 * Nick Batt – synthesizer, programming
 * Will Gregory – synthesizer
 * Adrian Utley – guitar
 * Charlie Jones – bass
 * Mark "Spike" Stent – mixing
 * Ted Jensen – mastering

title: Ooh La La (Goldfrapp song)


text: Category:Prime ministers of Malaysia

title: Category:Prime ministers of Malaysia


text:
Talk:Dai shogi

Early talk
I believe the names of the pieces, promotions, and movements have all been verified with Japanese Wikipedia. kwami 09:16, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

movements(Kr/Ph)
I believe that the kirin's move is $$\frac{1}{2}$$ the phoenix's move because kirin is colorbound. --Guocuozuoduo (talk) 23:57, 19 July 2009 (UTC)
 * I think that the phoenix's advantage over the kirin should be quite a bit smaller, because (1) the example of the bishop shows that colourbounding is not so important when it confines the piece to half the board, and (2) the kirin has the stronger promotion. Double sharp (talk) 12:14, 29 June 2014 (UTC)
 * P.S. on (2), it is true that the promotion prospects are not that great (even more so than in chu shogi, and also that the colourbounding does make promotion twice as difficult), that it is not very useful if you already have your original lion, and also that by the endgame (when promotion prospects really start to get high) the lion isn't really worth all that much anymore because there is not much to shoot (perform igui on) or use doublemove capture on. So I think they are still about equal in value, because the advantage of the stronger promotion is to my mind compensated by these disadvantages. I could well be wrong, but they do seem to be about equal in value in chu shogi. Double sharp (talk) 14:31, 29 June 2014 (UTC)

some minor points about the rules
We unfortunately cannot know many of the subtleties about the rules because we have no surviving records of dai shogi problems or games. Nevertheless, the most plausible reconstruction would follow chu shogi for these missing points. I may thus copy in some of these points about repetition, bare king, etc. from that article, of course noting that while these rules are likely, they are not proven. Double sharp (talk) 03:08, 30 January 2016 (UTC)

A memorial poem from Japanese Wikipedia on dai shogi
本項で示す形の大将棋が文献に最初に現れるのは、1297年-1304年にかけて書かれたとされる「普通唱導集」とされる. ここには大将棋指しに対しての死後の追悼文に、
 * 大将基 伏惟 々々々々
 * 反車香車之破耳 退飛車而取勝
 * 仲人嗔猪之合腹 昇桂馬而支得

という表現が見られる. この表現は130枚制大将棋の初期配置や駒の動きと矛盾せず、13世紀には大将棋があったものと強く推測される. Double sharp (talk) 14:37, 9 February 2016 (UTC)
 * Japanese Wikipedia also notes that some have proposed calling this game Kamakura dai shogi, to distinguish it from Heian dai shogi. Double sharp (talk) 14:48, 9 February 2016 (UTC)

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Disputed moves in the SRZ, based on ja.wp
Angry boar In the SZ and SSZ, this is a wazir; but it is only so in SRZ for tai shogi. In dai shogi it cannot move directly backwards.
 * 『象戯図式』『諸象戯図式』ではこの動きであるが、『象棋六種之図式』の大将棋の解説では後ろの動きがなく、前と横に1マス動けるとなっている（泰将棋では縦横に1マス動けると記載されている）.

Evil wolf In the SZ and SSZ, it moves as the silver general. In SRZ, it has the move given here.
 * 『象戯図式』および元禄九年版『諸象戯図式』では、斜め四方と前方に動けるとしている. これは銀将と同じ動きである.

Phoenix In the SRZ: one square sideways and two squares diagonally (no indication of jumping).
 * 『象棋六種之図式』（『雑藝叢書』収録のものによる）では大将棋に動きの説明があるが、斜めに2マス（飛び越えるという表現はない）、横に1マス（縦には動けない）動けるとなっている.

Kirin No sign of a jump in the SRZ.
 * 『象棋六種之図式』（『雑藝叢書』収録のものによる）の大将棋の解説では、縦横に2マス（ただし右は1マスのみ印があり、駒を飛び越える表現はない）、斜めに1マス動けるとなっている.

Double sharp (talk) 09:48, 2 January 2022 (UTC)

(These are just tidbits from clarifying Dai Dai. Maybe there are others. Seems that this indicates that the SRZ typically shows at least an early version that got changed later? Or maybe it's also full of errors, since the gold general(!) inexplicably has a changed move in Tai according to the SRZ.) Double sharp (talk) 09:48, 2 January 2022 (UTC)

Mnemonic device piece set
Try to use the following mnemonic set for Shogi variant boards.

Here's what it will look like for Dai shogi. 301fieriw (talk) 15:57, 15 June 2023 (UTC)

Relation between Dai and Chu shogi, piece promotions
While it is accepted that Chu shogi derived from Dai shogi, how can we explain the seemingly coincidental piece promotions (those appearing in Chu have the exact same promotions, while those unique to Dai all promote to gold general)? Japanese Wikipedia suggests that the original rules had a different set of promotions, but the popularity of Chu led to those promotions being "reimported" to Dai, and then the gold general was adapted for the remaining pieces as a placeholder, but gives no sources. OosakaNoOusama (talk) 00:55, 8 September 2023 (UTC)
 * The Chess Variant Pages say this: It is intriguing that the eliminated pieces all promote to Tokin, while in Chu Shogi all pieces promote differently, and the Tokin only appears as promoted Pawn. This makes one wonder if there is not a form of 'back contamination' here. Like that originally in Dai Shogi all the generals promoted to Gold (as Silver and Knight do in Sho Shogi), and that after elimination of the weakest pieces to produce Chu Shogi, Copper, Silver, Gold and Leopard were still considered too insignificant, and were assigned new promotions to pieces in the initial setup that could not yet be promoted to. And that these promotions then later trickled back into Dai Shogi, when people got accustomed to them. This is pure speculation, however. Double sharp (talk) 09:15, 26 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Japanese Wikipedia gives the following possibilities of “original” promotion rules (translations are my own):
 * 醉象→太子、麒麟→獅子、鳳凰→奔王の3駒のみが成りを持ち、その他の駒は成りを持たなかったとされる.(Only three pieces had promotions: Drunk Elephant → Crown Prince, Kirin → Lion, Phoenix → Free King, while all other pieces did not promote.) I was actually able to find a scan of the relevant pages of the mentioned 「象戯図」, showing the setup of Dai, as well as surrounding Chu and Daidai. Curiously, for both Chu and Daidai (and even Maka Daidai according to the commentary of that page, but no pictures were provided), after the initial setup, another setup is shown giving promoted pieces. However, for Dai, no such setup is shown, only with two lines: 大象戯成馬[sic]　以上三枚 酔象成太子　鳳凰成奔王　麒麟成師子[sic]. I am uncertain whether we should take this literally, that “Dai has only these three promotions”. (Curiously, this source also gives different movements relative to this page for the Blind Tiger, being stripped of the ability to move directly left, as well for the Angry Boar, stripped of the ability to move backward. As well as a different set of promotions for Daidai, but that would be off-topic.)
 * このほか、以上の3駒以外については、獅子・奔王・龍王・龍馬など、金将に成ってしまうとデメリットしかない駒は成りを持たず、その他の全ての駒は金将に成ったという説もある (In addition, besides the three pieces mentioned above, there is also the speculation that every other piece promoted to Gold, except for the pieces which would only be disadvantaged upon promotion to Gold (such as Lion, Free King, Dragon King, Dragon Horse).) This has no source given.
 * OosakaNoOusama (talk) 23:57, 26 September 2023 (UTC)
 * On another note, rule 1 above reminds me of Daidai shogi, where a lot of pieces didn't promote (even the pawn or lance), as well as Tai shogi according to the Shogi Variants software. On the other hand, rule 2 reminds me of Maka Daidai (where a lot of pieces promoted to gold, and only the Dragon King, Dragon Horse and Free King didn't promote), as well as Tai according to Japanese Wikipedia. There could perhaps be some parallels drawn from those games. OosakaNoOusama (talk) 21:12, 27 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dai shogi


text:
Bignonia

Bignonia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. Its genus and family were named after Jean-Paul Bignon by his protégé Joseph Pitton de Tournefort in 1694, and the genus was established as part of modern botanical nomenclature in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus. Species have been recorded from the southern USA, Central to most of South America.

Species
Species include:
 * Bignonia binata Thunb.
 * Bignonia bracteomana (K.Schum. ex Sprague) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia callistegioides Cham.
 * Bignonia campanulata Cham.
 * Bignonia capreolata L.
 * Bignonia convolvuloides (Bureau & K.Schum.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia corymbosa (Vent.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia costata (Bureau & K.Schum.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia cuneata (Dugand) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia decora (S.Moore) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia diversifolia Kunth
 * Bignonia hyacinthina (Standl.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia lilacina (A.H.Gentry) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia longiflora Cav.
 * Bignonia magnifica W.Bull
 * Bignonia microcalyx G.Mey.
 * Bignonia neouliginosa L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia nocturna (Barb.Rodr.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia noterophila Mart. ex DC.
 * Bignonia phellosperma (Hemsl.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia potosina (K.Schum. & Loes.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia prieurei DC.
 * Bignonia pterocalyx (Sprague ex Urb.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia ramantacea (Mart. ex DC.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia sciuripabula (K.Schum.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia sordida (Bureau & K.Schum.) L.G.Lohmann
 * Bignonia uleana (Kraenzl.) L.G.Lohmann

authors: غیر معمولی معمول

title: Bignonia


text:
Talk:Makoto (disambiguation)

Untitled
Initial creation: there does not appear to be a standard usage regarding Japanese name order in the articles I'm linking to here; some of them put the family name first, others put the personal name first. I have settled on personal name first for the sake of consistency, but it was an arbitrary decision on my part. If there's a definite policy on this somewhere, please feel free to alter it.

Also, I've just re-read the disambiguation page, and it looks as though I screwed up. I didn't use the common disambiguation templates in the links from the disambiguated page. But I'm not going to go fix them now, because they're pretty standard, and it's four AM. If I don't get back to it, someone else can take up the cause. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Tinalles (talk • contribs) 05:16, October 2, 2005 (UTC)

Link to Megatokyo wiki page and "WikiTokyo"
I have added a link to the Megatokyo wiki page describing that Makoto is also a name of one of the website's servers, as well as the name of the aforementioned server personified as a android, like Ping. The "WikiTokyo" link is there for information of the "Grand Theft Colo" omake as well. --Amp e rsand2006 ( & ) 01:27, 21 November 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Makoto (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Postipuu School

Article for deletion
This article has been kept following this AFD debate. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:16, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Postipuu School


text:
Talk:MIDI keyboard

Examples
Would anybody add examples here? Neonil 09:16, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Tag bombing
added a bunch of tags without elaboration. What exactly needs to be addressed here? ~Kvng (talk) 14:09, 11 June 2021 (UTC)
 * It reads too much like a shopping guide for those who need to buy such a device. It does not focus on describing what it does, but on which options are best for individual needs. « « «  SOME GADGET GEEK  » » » (talk) 14:07, 22 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:MIDI keyboard


text: Category:History of Panama

title: Category:History of Panama