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List of The Andy Griffith Show episodes

This is a list of episodes from the CBS television comedy The Andy Griffith Show. The first episode aired on October 3, 1960, and the final episode aired on April 1, 1968. There were 249 episodes in all, 159 in black and white (seasons 1–5) and 90 in color (seasons 6–8). The backdoor pilot for the series was an episode of The Danny Thomas Show, "Danny Meets Andy Griffith", which first aired on February 15, 1960.

Pilot (1960)
"No. in series" and "No. in season" for the pilot dictate the airing and location of the episode within the parent series.

Season 1 (1960–61)
All episodes in black and white

Season 2 (1961–62)
All episodes in black and white

Season 3 (1962–63)
All episodes in black and white

Season 4 (1963–64)
All episodes in black and white. The DVD and iTunes releases and streaming services follow the originally intended broadcast order and list A Date for Gomer as episode 9 and Up in Barney's Room as episode 10.

Season 5 (1964–65)

 * This is the last season with Barney Fife as a regular character. It is also the final season to be shot in black and white.
 * In the season's final episode, a mention is made of Haymore and Rockford Streets, which was near the actual location of Andy Griffith's home as a child.

Season 6 (1965–66)

 * At the beginning of this season, The Andy Griffith Show went from black and white to color, beginning with the episode "Opie's Job". All subsequent episodes in Seasons 6, 7 and 8 were filmed in color.
 * The CBS in Color logo was introduced at the start of this season.
 * Don Knotts has left the series as a main character, making guest appearances following the end of Season 5.

Note

 * 1)  'David Adler' was a pseudonym for blacklisted writer Frank Tarloff.

title: List of The Andy Griffith Show episodes


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Long Acre

Long Acre is a street in the City of Westminster in central London. It runs from St Martin's Lane, at its western end, to Drury Lane in the east. The street was completed in the early 17th century and was once known for its coach-makers, and later for its car dealers.

History
After the dissolution of the Monasteries in 1540, Henry VIII confiscated the land belonging to Westminster Abbey, including the convent garden of Covent Garden and land to the north originally called the Elms and later Seven Acres. In 1552, his son, Edward VI, granted it to John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford. The Russell family, who in 1694 were advanced in their peerage from Earl to Duke of Bedford, held the land from 1552 to 1918.

At the time of Charles I it was renamed Long Acre after the length of the first pathway constructed across the land. Charles took offence at the condition of the road and houses along it, which were the responsibility of Russell and Henry Carey, 2nd Earl of Monmouth. Russell and Carey complained that under the 1625 Proclamation concerning Buildings, which restricted building in and around London, they could not build new houses; the King then granted Russell, for a fee of £2,000, a licence to build as many new houses on his land as he "shall thinke fitt and convenient". This licence allowed the development of Covent Garden Square to the south of Long Acre.

The coach-building trade dominated Long Acre in the 19th century – in 1906, 41 buildings in the street were occupied by firms associated with transport, a mixture of traditional coach-builders and those connected with the motor trade. By 1916 the transition to motor cars and related trades was almost complete. The Austin Motors showroom was at 134, and Mercedes-Benz's at No. 127–130, close to Daimler and Fiat.

The section on the north side from Neal Street to Arne Street was occupied by Odhams Press from about 1890 to 1970. It published John Bull, which was the most popular magazine in Britain from 1916 to 1934. Odhams also published The Daily Herald, Woman's Own, Debrett's and Sporting Life (founded 1859). Odhams was bought by the International Publishing Corporation in 1961 and the site was closed down in 1969. Prior to Odhams, the site was occupied by the Queen's Theatre (1867–1878), the second-largest theatre in London at the time, after Drury Lane. It was here that Ellen Terry first met Henry Irving in a Shakespearean role. There is a plaque to commemorate the theatre, but it has been placed on the wrong block — the theatre was to the east of Endell Street, not the west. On Acre House (No. 69–75) is a green plaque commemorating Denis Johnson's workshop. He lived c. 1760 to 1833 and had a workshop here in 1819, selling "hobby horse" bicycles, the first to be sold in the United Kingdom. Emma Martin, author, socialist and free thinker worked as a midwife from No.100 where her daughters ran a surgical bandage shop.

At No. 132, John Logie Baird made the first British television broadcast in 1929. Just off Long Acre is Langley Street, home of the Pineapple Dance Studios and London Film School, the oldest such school in the world. Just opposite, until 2000, was Paxman, one of the leading English manufacturers of French horns. It is said that the poet Richard Lovelace spent his final years in Long Acre, in great poverty. As a young man, Thomas Paine worked as a corset maker in Long Acre. In 1896, the Freemason's Arms was built; it still stands on Long Acre. Masonic symbols adorn the façade.

Geography
Long Acre is numbered 1 to 77 on the south side and 78 to 144 on the north side. At the junction with James Street is Covent Garden Underground station.

Long Acre ends in the east at a junction with Drury Lane. Overlooking this junction is Freemasons' Hall, the headquarters of the British Freemasons, on Great Queen Street.

Long Acre is numbered B402 in the British road numbering scheme.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Long Acre


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User talk:Amerasian

Welcome!

Hello, Amerasian, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages that you might find helpful: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your messages on discussion pages using four tildes ( ~ ); this will automatically insert your username and the date. If you need help, check out Questions, ask me on my talk page, or ask your question on this page and then place  before the question. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * Tutorial
 * How to edit a page and How to develop articles
 * How to create your first article (using the Article Wizard if you wish)
 * Manual of Style

I am not in it...Molotov (talk)  21:56, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Amerasian


text: User talk:68.197.139.206

title: User talk:68.197.139.206


text: User talk:70.249.216.255

title: User talk:70.249.216.255


text:
No3

No3 may refer to:

 * Number 3
 * Nitrate, NO3–

title: No3


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American Share Insurance

American Share Insurance (ASI) is a private corporation which insures shares (deposits) in some state chartered credit unions in the United States. ASI was established in 1974 as the Ohio Credit Union Shareholders Guaranty Association, changing its name several times until it adopted the name American Share Insurance in 1991. It is the largest privately owned insurance corporation for credit unions.

ASI is headquartered in Dublin, Ohio.

Coverage
Credit unions carrying ASI's private insurance must state that funds deposited in the credit union are insured by a private organization, and that no government or government entity guarantees accounts in that particular credit union.

ASI also offers Excess Share Insurance to subscribing state and Federal credit unions which protects member share accounts from $250,000 to $500,000. This product is used by credit unions which have National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund (NCUSIF) insurance on the base $250,000 guaranteed by that fund.

Management

 * Thersea Mason - President & CEO
 * Jeff Siker - VP of Finance & Secretary/Treasurer
 * Kurt Kluth - VP of Information Technology
 * Kurt Loose - VP of Examination and Insurance
 * David Kettlehake - VP of Sales & Marketing

Source:

title: American Share Insurance


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Talk:Lois Lane

Inspiration for the name Lois Lane
I question whether, as asserted, Jerry Siegel took the character's name from Lola Lane. Action Comics 1 was released on 18 April 1938. Lola Lane appeared as Torchy Blane only in Torchy Blane in Panama, which wasn't released until 7 May. It's possible, of course, that Siegel knew of the upcoming movie. But it seems just as plausible that the name Lane was chosen by taking the B off Blane. Enoent (talk) 21:05, 6 June 2015 (UTC)

Lionel Luthor
I removed Lionel luthor from the LL initial criteria, because Lex's father is never given a name beyond Luthor in the comics, also is only referenced, never seen.
 * But he was seen, and named, in Secret Origin. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.112.49.147 (talk) 17:18, 10 December 2011 (UTC)

The Link Under Erica
The link under Erica now leads to the Smallvile TV series wiki, not the town.(CloneArmyCommander 23:24, 13 November 2005 (UTC))

Jim lee pic
Can't someone change the main pic to one pencilled by Jim lee? That one is ugly. --Dangerous-Boy 07:17, 10 February 2006 (UTC)
 * If you were referring to the Byrne Lois drawing pic, I agree (think it looks rather dated/ugly in a way the other versions of Lois don't)... thus the reason I scanned in and put the "10 cent adventure" picture at the top (though moved the Byrne version to the "Modern Age" section). Though would rather see a Curt Swan or Kurt Schaffenberger rendition of Lois (the two artists most associated with her over the decades, particularly Schaffenberger) over Jim Lee's, myself. :-) Anthony Dean 22:48, 2 April 2006 (UTC)

 * doesn't matter. drbat keeps putting the image from byrne just because he found it.75.4.34.253 05:36, 27 March 2006 (UTC)
 * If you can find a better image then do so, but the scan from 10-cent was ugly. The quality is also lower. --DrBat 23:07, 2 April 2006 (UTC)

Cleanup?
User:Exvicious tagged this article for "cleanup"---but of what specifically? The article as a whole? Or just the opening section? I thought the article itself looks reasonably fine to me... Anthony Dean 03:48, 5 April 2006 (UTC)
 * I thought a lot of the top part should be integrated into the main article and the other media appearances is a mess with the random placement of the actress's pictures Exvicious 01:22, 7 April 2006 (UTC)

Lois Kent
Anyone think we should split off an article for golden age lois? Exvicious 18:02, 10 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I don't see the need. Kaijan 20:50, 10 June 2006 (UTC)

In light of the Earth-Two Superman having his own page and two media versions of Lois Lane having their own pages, I am proposing that we split the Earth-Two version of Lois Lane to that page with the Red Tornado from Earth 2 also being transferred there like previously proposed. Any objections? --Rtkat3 (talk) 21:02, 4 May 2021 (UTC)

This article is in need of cleanup
If you ask me, this article is somewhat poorly set up. The pictures of all the Lois Lanes need to be deleted or put into different sections. There needs to be a new section about Lois Lane in the Superman movies & Lois Lane on Smallville & in the animated series of Superman. Son of Kong

New Lois image
I found this image in a Google search, but can't find any information about the issue comes from or the artist (although the style is pretty similar to Jim Lee). Without that information, this image is useless, but either way this article needs a good artwork of the mainstream Modern Age Lois. Jonny2x4 02:08, 7 January 2007 (UTC)

-Pretty sure that's Ian Churchill from one of the recent "Countdown to Infinite Crisis" Superman/Shazam team-ups.

-That picture is from Action Comics 826, page 14. --Led Zeppelin Destroyer

Change to "C" class
I think this article needs more citations to be "B" class.--Rockfang (talk) 07:57, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

Smallvile
we REALY need seperate pages for the smallville characters

yeah, and maybe actually add some information about the character Lois Lane from Smallville?

Lois Lane appears in more programmes than Smallville, why say To see the TV character see Lois Lane (Smallville)? 78.151.102.118 (talk) 14:54, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Neilll.jpg
Image:Neilll.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 23:20, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Lois Amster?
According to an issue of Times Magazine way back in 1988 Lois was based on a girl name Lois Amster who was a student in the very same class as Siegel and Shuster who both had a tender crush on her. In the Times article an aged Ms. Amster is quoted to say she never conceived of being a reporter but was seeking to become a detective

Lois's mother
I haven't read many Superman comics in the past decade or so. But from the 1950s through the 1980s, Lois's parents (who first appeared in "Superman's Girlfriend, Lois Lane" #13, dated November 1959) were named Sam and Ella Lane. This article says that Lois's mother is named Ellen. I don't want to correct it, because I don't know if it's a typo, or if the character's name has actually been changed in recent years (possibly to put an end to the "salmonella" jokes that fans were making). Is there a valid source for the name "Ellen?"

Lesley Ann Warren
Why does someone keep taking out the picture of Lesley Ann Warren? —scarecroe 18:09, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

Other Media section...
Needs a clean up:
 * Some actress have photos, but others don't.
 * Smallville has it's own section... why?
 * Duggy 1138 (talk) 10:22, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

I came here to ask the same question. The Smallville Lois Lane section should only be reduced to one paragraph like the others, with the link to its main page on top intact.

--p4 (talk) 10:54, 9 November 2009 (UTC)p4poetic--p4 (talk) 10:54, 9 November 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject Comics B-Class Assesment required
This article needs the B-Class checklist filled in to remain a B-Class article for the Comics WikiProject. If the checklist is not filled in by 7th August this article will be re-assessed as C-Class. The checklist should be filled out referencing the guidance given at Version 1.0 Editorial Team/Assessment/B-Class criteria. For further details please contact the Comics WikiProject. Comics-awb (talk) 17:00, 31 July 2008 (UTC)

Smallville Inaccuracies
There are blatant inaccuracies here. This was written by an anti-Lois fan, as the false material provided is what is commonly attributed to Smallville's Lois Lane to degrade her. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.187.45.29 (talk) 07:17, 14 December 2008 (UTC)

Smallville section is too long
The whole point of having a folded out article is to keep the information short. We don't need to describe every time Lois appears in the show, just a general gist of who her character is. — trlkly 02:59, 25 April 2010 (UTC)

Can't decipher new information
What, exactly, is the writer trying to say in the last paragraph under biography? Needs some clean up, but I haven't caught up on the Superman books enough to figure out what is being said. Anyone able to decipher/proof read? 214.3.138.234 (talk) 18:19, 17 August 2010 (UTC)Steve

Split
I proposed splitting the Lois Lane in other media section because it is growing and it length are long enough that believe it should should split to a subpage.--NeoBatfreak (talk) 02:57, 11 January 2012 (UTC)

Agreed. The media page for Lois could be extensively detailed if it's split off from the main page. She's been around for about 70 years and is Superman's love interest, at this point she has to have been in enough media to warrant a separate page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.189.215.215 (talk) 04:57, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Oppose at least until a serious effort is made to reduce the amount of plot and trivia currently dumped on the majority of this article. Once that is done, looking at the need for a split can be revisited. - J Greb (talk) 11:43, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Oppose, The article is not big enough to require splitting. The article scope is "Lois Lane" and not "Lois Lane in specific media" Op47 (talk) 16:51, 9 March 2012 (UTC)

In Popular Culture
Could we get rid of this? It mostly contains lyrics that include the Superman/Lois Lane comparison and is super long. 4.79.1.1 (talk) 14:43, 23 May 2013 (UTC)
 * Is there any way to get some kind of other opinion on this? Its seems unnecessary to have all this trivia here. KatCheez 18:31, 22 July 2013 (UTC)

Concerning the Man of Steel image
The image fails to meet WP:NFCC, so it doesn't belong on the article. As a living person a non-free image of the actress fails WP:NFCC #1 and also fails to meet WP:NFCC #8, since this image provides no understanding of the subject that a free image of the actress would not also achieve. - SudoGhost 01:51, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
 * There is no free equivalent picture of the character as portrayed by the actress, therefore a free promotional picture (cropped and of lower resolution) fits under WP:NFCC guidelines. As for contextual significance, I argue that it does have, the same way every picture under that section and the one below it do. ~How all of a sudden this picture is different than the rest is beyond me, but I'm open to hear any good arguments. LusoEditor (talk) 02:02, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
 * It's not like the actress is in makeup or costuming that makes her so different in her role that it grants some vast understanding of the subject that otherwise would not exist. As such, it most certainly fails WP:NFCC #1 and #8. It's not a matter of "all of a sudden", this image fails to meet the requirements.  Whether the other images do or not I don't know, but if the other images are inappropriate that doesn't make this one somehow more appropriate. - SudoGhost 02:19, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I expect some kind of coherence when making an edit. Why take one while leaving the rest? My argument is that this one is appropriate, the same way the others are (and because I think I do, I've uploaded the picture and put it in the article).

P.S: And again, this doesn't fail NFCC #1 because there is no free equivalent picture of the character as portrayed by the actress. A mere picture of the actress wouldn't represent the character or it's portrayal, therefore I believe that's not a reasonable argument. LusoEditor (talk) 02:29, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
 * You have not shown how it is appropriate, and it doesn't matter if you believe it's a reasonable argument, that doesn't make it less valid. This has been explained to you by other editors on your talk page, but the image is a non-free image of the actress, a living person and fails to meet WP:NFCC #1.  The image does not present any information that a normal photograph of the actress would not also convey, so it also fails WP:NFCC #8.  If the character had extensive costuming or makeup or CGI effects then that might be a good argument, since the character and the actress would not look similar enough to convey the same information, but that's nowhere near the case here. - SudoGhost 02:50, 4 July 2013 (UTC)

Repetitive use of the same two words over and over and over and over again.
This article had a surplus of the words "however" and "also". These words serve little function and make the article read like it was written by someone with a fifth-grade education. It's similar to listening to a teenage overuse the word "like" in a conversation. "She also does this" "Lois also did that" "Superman also...". The word "however" is even more useless here.

Read these helpful links:

http://allied-authors.org/2013/07/24/watch-out-for-these-five-overused-words/ "'also' seldom adds anything meaningful to a sentence. It belongs to a family of adverbs that show a relationship between ideas, but like its relatives “both” and “either,” “also” can quickly cause sentences to slog, especially if used habitually."

http://stancarey.wordpress.com/2008/10/14/however/

"However is a useful and forceful word that is weakened by misuse and overuse."

172.56.12.180 (talk) 23:14, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

BAD ENGLISH
Get with an English teacher because you obviously need somebody to go over this and point  out all the sentence fragments, which is bad English. Once you know where they are, fix them. 108.18.136.147 (talk) 18:04, 29 October 2015 (UTC)

the emphasis given to material in the lead should roughly reflect its importance to the topic,
Because the emphasis given to material in the lead should roughly reflect its importance to the topic, the most important fact about her (superman's girlfriend) should go first. Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) 11:09, 25 April 2017 (UTC)

 * Generally, the in-universe aspects of the character are not discussed in the opening sentence. The current format is consistent with virtually all other comics character articles. —DangerousJXD (talk) 11:19, 25 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Is there actually a good reason for that? What would it be? Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) 11:29, 25 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Because the most important fact about Lois Lane is that she is a fictional character. Discussing her fictional biography in the lead sentence may give readers unfamiliar with the topic the impression she's a real person. Argento Surfer (talk) 12:34, 25 April 2017 (UTC)
 * So how about "Lois Lane is a fictional character who is the primary love interest of Superman. " ? Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 01:49, 27 April 2017 (UTC)

 * There is no difference with that wording. The in-universe information is still being discussed before the real-world information. The above comments still apply. —DangerousJXD (talk) 03:09, 27 April 2017 (UTC)
 * (Lois) So we still seem to be missing a good reason. Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) 06:26, 29 April 2017 (UTC)
 * (Mary Jane) we have a guideline here, you guys have an un-guideline WP:OSE Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) 06:29, 29 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Speak of other stuff, "The Penguin (Oswald Chesterfield Cobblepot) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman. " "The Joker, the archenemy of the comic book superhero Batman, has appeared in various forms of media." "Catwoman is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly in association with the superhero Batman. "Two-Face (Harvey Dent) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics, commonly as an adversary of the superhero Batman. " Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) 06:35, 29 April 2017 (UTC)

 * If you want to propose a change to how lead sentences of comics-related articles should be formatted, Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Comics is more appropriate than some random talk page. As far as I am aware, there is no strict guideline (which would be why they vary), probably because nobody has argued over such a thing. There is nothing broken about how the opening sentences of articles on comics characters are arranged. It's not like the content you are saying should be in the opening sentence isn't in the article at all. Without an explanation as to exactly how those two guidelines you linked to support your argument, they are barely relevant. What specifically at either one backs up your argument? Speaking of that argument, your initial post here is a barely-comprehensible, grammatical mess. I suggest rewording it if you plan to take this further. You also refer to other stuff to back your argument, after linking to the guideline discouraging just that. Regarding those examples, three of the four are not the same wording you are supporting, and the fourth – taken from Joker in other media – isn't from the main article on the character, which does not use the wording you prefer. The three articles all at least mention the publication before the in-universe details. They do mention in-universe information in the opening sentence but not in the exact manner you prefer. One could argue that such wording is redundant when you consider that the same information is often-times mentioned in the very next sentence. "[Character] in other media" and similar articles are unrelated here and articles like Joker (character) shouldn't exist. One last thing, do you need to post like that? It's not going to get you blocked but I find it hard to believe that anybody will take you seriously in a "trainwreck" discussion when you post that way. —DangerousJXD (talk) 08:38, 29 April 2017 (UTC)
 * So there is no strict guideline, and you don't appear to be able to come up with a good reason not to put the most important information first, as per the part of WP:LEAD which says "the emphasis given to material in the lead should roughly reflect its importance to the topic". Are we doing OSE or not? How about Prince Hamlet and Lara Croft? Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) 22:40, 1 May 2017 (UTC)

What happened to "moving on"? Whatever. The above comments make several valid points. Consider reading them again. You say I have not provided valid reasoning. What about your points? What exactly is your argument? You do know that the lead is not just the first sentence, right? None of the guidelines you cite back your preferred wording. I will stress this again, if you want to change how things are done around here, this talk page is not the place to do it. What exactly do you want from me? I couldn't care less about this at the end of the day. If you managed to actually gain support for your wacky ways, then they will be the new standard and I would not dispute it. —DangerousJXD (talk) 01:16, 2 May 2017 (UTC)
 * What I want from you is to stop reverting improvements. My point is that when you put the most important thing first, that tells readers what the most important thing is, in this case the most important thing to know about Lois is that she is Superman's girlfriend. Lois Lane vs Mary Jane (talk) 02:23, 2 May 2017 (UTC)

 * You have failed to actually provide anything that supports your view and the only two users who have replied to you here both disagree with you and your preferred wording. You can either take this elsewhere to ignite discussion regarding all comics-related articles rather than just this one or you can "move forward". —DangerousJXD (talk) 02:51, 2 May 2017 (UTC)

Being a fictional victim of kidnapping
I really don't see why we can't give her the category of 'Fictional victims of kidnapping' when that would happen to so often in the comics and in other forms of media. It almost happened to her as much as Princess Peach. She probably even got captured more often than Daphne Blake and Mary Jane Watson and they have that category listed at the bottom of their pages. Why can't we include it for Lois?

Sb1990 (talk) 17:45, 9 August 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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Splitting proposal
I propose that section Lois Lane be split into a separate page called Lois Lane in other media. The content of the current page seems long is large enough to make its own page. NeoBatfreak (talk) 08:55, 21 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Yeah wow I can definitely see what you mean. It could also probably lend to expanding the shorter paragraphs of the section that were probably trimmed because the article was so big--Fradio71 (talk) 05:26, 22 December 2018 (UTC)

 * Not only is it large enough for Wp:split. It seems to pass the criteria for Wp:Gng well enough. So ✅. Jhenderson  7 7 7  03:08, 7 April 2019 (UTC)

 * It was reverted though. I reverted back for now. Will invite other contributors as well. Jhenderson 7 7 7  13:03, 7 April 2019 (UTC)

Lola Lane? I think not.
She was named after Lois Long, a famous investigative journalist who went by the pseudonym “Lipstick” in the 1920s. Duh. 71.236.206.225 (talk) 14:10, 8 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lois Lane


text: User talk:68.193.158.137

title: User talk:68.193.158.137


text:
Talk:Plame affair grand jury investigation

Plame CIA Leak Grand Jury Investigation
I'm starting a very bare bones entry about the Plame CIA leak investigation by a federal grand jury. The Plame Affair entry is cluttered, not current, and needs to be updated. Also, some of the information may be POV. Plan to sort out the timeline, update the witness list, sources, and link to main players in the grand jury aspect of the affair. When it is finished, we can decide to merge it with Plame Affair or leave separate.--FloNight 21:58, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Nice start. I took some time to order the names and get some consistency in the styles. I think it's easier to deal with names in alphabetical order. The Plame affair sitaution is very complex and going to continue into perhaps additional grand juries being impaneled, public trials, so having a good clear focused article on the Fitzgerald investigation is a good idea. It has a clear start and finish and I'm sure much will be appearing on the Fitzgerald website, newspapers, and scholarly writings which will be worthy references and naturally there's a ton of things for Wikisource as well. I've not had much time to Wikipedia, but I'll keep this on Watchlist and check it as it develops. Calicocat 00:30, 29 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Why would you start yet another article? We already have plame affair, cheneygate, and now this one. I recommend this article be deleted as per deletion policy.(Narkstraws 21:11, 30 October 2005 (UTC))

 * I disagree that it should be deleted, it's a good article in the growing family of articles regarding the CIA Leak Case. In addition, if you are going to VfD an article, you should at least do it the right way. Calicocat 05:14, 31 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It was done the right way, there's no need to attack me personally because you don't like the way I feel about this article. (Narkstraws 06:55, 31 October 2005 (UTC)).

Rename the Article
I think the article should be renamed as in accordance with naming conventions Specificially the reasons are: ''I don't believe this name will work very well in a search. I think something like 'Fitzgerald investigation', or something along those lines would prove to be better. A quick check on Google (|Google Search) brings more relevant articles for 'Fitzgerald investigation' than the current name (| Google Search) (look at the page count difference). ''I think the title is incredibly wordy, it's also not accurate as the grand jury is only one part of the entire investigation (the trial of Scooter Libby, the ongoing investigation of Rove). I think the words in the name can be confusing.
 * 1) wikipedia:naming conventions (precision)
 * 1) wikipedia:naming conventions (common names)

I will not just rename/move the article on my own since I vfd and lost. I'd rather get some comments first so I don't appear as some tyrannical editor who gets everyone upset. (Narkstraws 14:11, 1 November 2005 (UTC))

 * I agree. The current title looks like it's a bunch of words just randomly picked to describe the event. Bjelleklang -  talk 19:25, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

 * A title should identify the subject matter with precision. There have been more than 1 leak from the CIA in the past; it is likely there will be more in the future. Therefore the title "CIA leak etc." lacks necessary precision. rewinn 19:54, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

j galt's edit war
User:Mr j galt has taken his 'not covert' edit war to over a dozen articles, including this one. While neither Fitzgerald nor the indictment declares Plame's status as covert as per the IIPA, the indictment of Libby does describe the investigation - into the disclosure of the identity of covert intelligence personnel.

 * ''27. Beginning in or about January 2004, and continuing until the date of this indictment, Grand Jury 03-3 sitting in the District of Columbia conducted an investigation (“the Grand Jury Investigation”) into possible violations of federal criminal laws, including: Title 50, United States Code, Section 421 (disclosure of the identity of covert intelligence personnel); and Title 18, United States Code, Sections 793 (improper disclosure of national defense information), 1001 (false statements), 1503 (obstruction of justice), and 1623 (perjury).
 * Actually, that's simply a citation of what codes were being investigated. Libby has not been convicted of anything. --badlydrawnjeff (WP:MEME?) 16:27, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * You may be missing the point of my cite. The point of my cite is that the investigation was to determine whether a covert intelligence agent's identity was blown. Not to claim anyone was convicted, nor even to claim Plame's status was definitely covert... just to point out that the DoJ is conducting an investigation into such a potential crime. And in fact, Libby was only indicted for perjury... -- User:RyanFreisling @ 16:30, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * So what were the problems with Galt's edits, exactly, in the context of this article? Most of them were rewordings of existing material that could have stayed and gone, the lowest edit I might have reverted myself if I caught it, but other than that...? --badlydrawnjeff (WP:MEME?) 16:38, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Galt's changing of all references from 'covert' to 'classified' is what I object to. Still do. -- User:RyanFreisling @ 16:40, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Hello RyanFreisling and badlydrawnjeff :- ) This was the first article that I started. And today I will hit 1000 edits. I'll do it moving the references from the text to the reference section it the text stays in. It messes up the numbers otherwise. By the way, either classified or covert is fine with me. --FloNight 16:55, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Congrats User:FloNight! -- User:RyanFreisling @ 19:56, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks :- ) --FloNight 05:13, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

first sentence
The first sentence is confusing if you don't already know what this is about:

 * CIA leak grand jury investigation (rel. Valerie Plame affair) is an ongoing federal inquiry "into the alleged unauthorized disclosure of a CIA employee's identity,", a possible violation of criminal statutes, including the Intelligence Identities Protection Act of 1982, and Title 18, United States Code, Section 793.

Besides the problems with the title discussed by others above, and besides the dual consecutive commas, why are there quotation marks around "into the alleged unauthorized disclosure of a CIA employee's identity"? Is that a quote from somewhere? I think it is just something inserted by galt in his attempt to carry the edit war here. "alleged unauthorized disclosure" is unwieldy. I suggest "federal inquiry into the unauthorized disclosure of a CIA agent's covert identity." We know the disclosure occurred and we know it was unauthorized; the only thing "alleged" is that a particular person or group of persons was behind the disclosure.csloat 04:32, 1 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Some one changed it. I don't know who. Your wording sounds fine. --FloNight 04:52, 1 February 2006 (UTC)
 * No, the covertness of her identity is also alleged. There may be a stray comma in there, but the quote is, I believe, direct from what was linked there at the time. --badlydrawnjeff (WP:MEME?) 05:03, 1 February 2006 (UTC)
 * No, it's been established that she was covert in the literal sense (undercover). There is dispute about whether her status fits the definition of "covert" established by the IIPA, which includes the requirement that she served out of the country, but there is no real question about whether she was covert in the sense of under cover.  You should take a look at the discussion on Talk:Plame affair for details on this.  The bottom line is that the only people who have the authority to say whether she was under cover or not is the CIA, and they made that clear when they asked for the investigation (CIA officials have also confirmed it to various reporters).--csloat 05:23, 1 February 2006 (UTC)
 * badlydrawnjeff, I meant my original first sentence was changed. Someone changed it and put in the intext ref link. My original text said covert, but I can live with it either way. --FloNight 05:12, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

 * In fact, it has never been established that Plame was covert. On March 23, 2005, every major news organization, including the New York Times, the Washington Post, ABC, NBC, CBS, CNN, AP, Newsweek, Reuters, and the White House correspondents, joined to file a friend of the court brief on behalf of Judith Miller and Matthew Cooper.
 * They said:
 * "To the average observer, much less to the professional intelligence operative, Plame was not given the “deep cover” required of a covert agent. See 50 U.S.C. § 426 (“covert agent” defined). She worked at a desk job at CIA headquarters, where she could be seen traveling to and from, and active at, Langley. She had been residing in Washington – not stationed abroad – for a number of years."

 * October 28, 2005, Special Prosecutor Patrick Fitzgerald was asked if Plame was covert and he responded:
 * "Let me say two things. Number one, I am not speaking to whether or not Valerie Wilson was covert. And anything I say is not intended to say anything beyond this: that she was a CIA officer from January 1st, 2002, forward. I will confirm that her association with the CIA was classified at that time through July 2003. And all I'll say is that, look, we have not made any allegation that Mr. Libby knowingly, intentionally outed a covert agent. We have not charged that. And so I'm not making that assertion."--Mr j galt 05:56, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Before you fork and literally duplicate your (erroneous) argument from Talk:Plame affair, consider this a formal request that you desist, and return to the original argument. -- User:RyanFreisling @ 06:08, 1 February 2006 (UTC)
 * The original argument is that the 1st sentence is confusing or at least awkward. That is certainly true. What can be done? I took a small slice at it but maybe some its original editors may wish to weigh in. rewinn 20:00, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

Armitage?
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/03/18/AR2006031800908.html Kevin Baastalk 18:15, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=viewArticle&code=LEO20060318&articleId=2124 Kevin Baastalk 18:20, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

Court filings
i've added some of the released court filings pertaining to the upcoming trial. summarizing them may take up too much space, so i simply listed what they were and linked them. it's a start. Anthonymendoza 03:33, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Plame affair criminal investigation
shall we merge this page with the Plame affair criminal investigation? Anthonymendoza 22:13, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

I merged Plame affair criminal investigation since it took most of its format and content from this article. FloNight  talk  14:50, 21 August 2006 (UTC)
 * PLease do not make such a major change without discussion. The pages should be merged, not redirected. The title cia leak etc lacks precision because there are more than 1 instances of CIA leaks. I will remove the redirect so this can be discussed and merged in a careful fashion. Whichever page survives should contain all the data from both pages. rewinn 15:13, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

The redirect, then prod
The way I see it, an article existed on this topic for 9 months. Then an editor unaware of this decided to make a duplicate. It appears that the editor realized the first article already existed soon after starting the new one. Instead of stopping, the editor continued writing the new article. To me that is just wrong. As editors we are suppose to work together to improve articles not start new ones that duplicate existing material.

I redircted the article to make the new editor stop and work on the old article. When an editor reverted and stated that material needed to be merged, I put the prod tag on thinking that would give the editor 5 days to move the material before it was deleted. The prod tag was removed saying to discuss. What is there to discuss? This article already exists. Another one is not needed. FloNight  talk  20:20, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The way you see it is not the way it happened. Go look at the talk pages and edit histories. Basically Plame Affair carried much more information than CIA leak grand jury investigation and needed splitting out. While it was possible to massively edit CIA leak grand jury investigation to include the relevant materials from Plame affair, for the sake of getting the split accomplished Plame affair criminal investigation was created with the relevant content from Plame affair, including many paragraphs not on CIA leak grand jury investigation. Later, another editor added much helpful information into Plame affair criminal investigation from CIA leak grand jury investigation. So what is there to discuss:
 * Should one of the articles be summarily deleted? I think the answer is obviously no, that would be vandalism. The articles are far from identical in content.
 * Should the content of one of the articles be merged with that of the other, resulting in one complete article, with the other a re-direct? IMO yes. But since this wikipedia is editted by volunteers, don't try to put a time limit on it. It'll get done if anyone really cares, but having semi-dup articles in the meantime is harmless.
 * Which article title should be the primary article, and which the re-direct? This really doesn't matter much. IMO Plame affair is the primary article since it is far more precise than CIA Leak. But of course in a practical sense both articles will continue, just one's a re-direct. Perhaps Plame affair (grand jury investigation) would be the name that most closely conforms to wikiStandards. rewinn 20:33, 21 August 2006 (UTC)

Q.3: Which article should be the primary article?
Being that the name of the article is a separate question all together, the question is: "which article is most easily merged from the other article?" To figure this out, one needs to compare their content:

In common are:

* 1 Basic Facts (a.k.a. "CIA calls for leak investigation")

* 2 Grand jury * 5 Attorneys of Record * 6 Judges, Special Counsel Attorneys, Courthouses o 6.1 Judges o 6.2 Special Counsel Office Attorneys o 6.3 Courthouses * 7 Indictment of Libby (a.k.a. "Libby Indictment") * 8 Court Proceedings * 12 Notes * 14 External links o 14.1 U.S. Court Sites

Unique to each article are:

It looks to me like "CIA grand jury investigation" has more info, and it therefore would be easier to merge from "Plame affair criminal investigation" to "CIA grand jury investigation" than vice-versa.

I think it would be best to start with the sections they have in common, making each section "CIA grand..." has in common with "Plame affair..." includes all or most (after consensus trimming) information contained in the corresponding sections on "Plame affair...".

The next step would be to move the unique sections in "Plame affair..." into "CIA grand...", inserting them in reasonable places.

At this point, "Plame affair..." can be redirected, and we can work on a better organization of the sections in this article and trimming.

Does this sound good to people? I want to get this process going. There are too many Plame Affair articles, it's difficult to navigate. Kevin Baastalk 19:56, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

strike that, after realizing that the differences are more complex than i first thought, i'm going to make a subpage to this article: /proposed merged version that will try to incorporate the best of both, everyone, ofcourse is encouraged to work together to make it the new merged version. Kevin Baastalk 20:11, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

Okay, I completed a first draft merge /proposed merged version:

* 1 The Plame affair * 2 Appointment of Special Prosecutor Patrick Fitzgerald * 3 The investigation o 3.1 The first grand jury o 3.2 Journalists and Contempt of court + 3.2.1 Novak + 3.2.2 Cooper + 3.2.3 Miller o 3.3 The investigation expands to perjury and obstruction o 3.4 Indictment of Libby * 4 United States v. Libby o 4.1 The second grand jury o 4.2 Court Proceedings o 4.3 Richard Armitage confirmed primary source of leak o 4.4 The trial * 5 Karl Rove * 6 Media Request CIA to Unseal Records * 7 Criticism * 8 Federal Laws * 9 Attorneys of Record * 10 Judges, Special Counsel Attorneys, Courthouses o 10.1 Judges o 10.2 Special Counsel Office Attorneys o 10.3 Courthouses * 11 Notes * 12 References o 12.1 Additional resources * 13 External links o 13.1 U.S. Court Sites

Check it out and comment, please. 22:42, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

Block quotations
Formatting was incorrect. Italics are not the proper format for block quotations. Italics are for emphasis and titles. See Help with editing if need to learn how to format quotations properly.--NYScholar 22:42, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

replaced w/update proposed version
no one has commented, so i've updated my proposed merged version and i'm putting it in place. Kevin Baastalk 21:04, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Of course, I and others must appreciate your hard work. But, unfortunately, this article's documentation particularly is still a mess. It needs a lot of work.  See earlier comments and editorial interpolations throughout and the templates on the article page. --NYScholar 18:51, 22 October 2007 (UTC) [(Updated.) --NYScholar 19:14, 22 October 2007 (UTC)]

Periodic renaming of this and related articles
has led to inconsistencies throughout them in how they refer to one another: e.g., see Plame affair, which previously had a title that matched this article's title: CIA leak scandal, but both have been renamed several times for many months, leading to inconsistencies throughout. I have requested moving "Plame affair" back to the name "CIA leak scandal", given the name of this article and CIA leak scandal timeline. Please see Talk:Plame affair and scroll up to see previous debates about name changes (and archived talk page[s]) of the related articles. Thanks. --NYScholar (talk) 23:32, 23 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I also edited the title of the "Plamefull" template so that it does not use a slash; the use of the slash was not Manual of Style format (WP:STYLE) and it was not grammatically correct as it was either. ("Plame affair" does not equal in meaning "CIA leak grand jury investigation"; the grand jury investigated the leaking of Plame's name (it was an investigation of the CIA leak, not "the Plame affair").  It is not clear what "the Plame affair" actually refers to; as many editors have already observed, the word Affair is ambiguous and a misnomer.  There was no sexual affair involved in that "Scandal" (it is not that kind of phenomenon), yet that is what the word suggests (unintentionally).  --NYScholar (talk) 23:39, 23 December 2007 (UTC)
 * See American political scandals for the type of scandal the so-called "Plame affair" is; it can be found only indirectly, via "see also" entry for List of scandals with "-gate" suffix, where these various names for the CIA leak scandal ("the Plame affair"; "Plamegate", etc.) are listed. --NYScholar (talk) 23:48, 23 December 2007 (UTC)
 * (The term "affair" in "Plame affair" does not appear to be neutral language and "encyclopedic": for further guidance, please see WP:Naming conflict and WP:LOP (for links to all Wikipedia policies). Thanks. --NYScholar (talk) 23:57, 23 December 2007 (UTC)
 * According to the guidelines presented in the "naming conflict" project page, when names are all "common" (as found in various search engine searches, such as via Google), other factors need to be taken into account, such as the importance of avoiding "subjectivity" and being more "objective" in the naming of the article--which implies choosing the more "neutral" of the terms, given Neutral point of view. One should not choose among "common names" the names that are less neutral; since these names are all common (though perhaps not "equally" common), for an encyclopedia article, it would be better to choose the more "neutral" (less subjective) name.  (Objectivity is generally not a policy in Wikipedia; but subjectivity (POV) in editing is something to be avoided, given Neutral point of view being a core editing policy.  It should help to keep these principles in mind when naming or renaming articles. (This one and the related ones have been renamed back and forth a lot.) --NYScholar (talk) 00:04, 24 December 2007 (UTC)
 * For more guidance, plese see also: Neutral point of view, which links to the other policy page on "naming conflict" cited above. Thanks.  --
 * Please see also: Naming conventions (precision). --NYScholar (talk) 22:20, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

NYScholar (talk) 00:06, 24 December 2007 (UTC)
 * For lengthy discussion of the request move proposals pertaining to Plame affair and CIA leak scandal (redirected now to the other name), see Talk:Plame affair and its archived talk pages and green archived discussions on the current page. Thank you. --NYScholar (talk) 04:05, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

Get a different name for your article
Unless you think 2003 was the first and last time there's gonna be a grand jury investigation of a leak of classified info from the biggest repository of classified info going around, then you need a more specific title here. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 220.233.184.173 (talk) 01:13, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Cheneysnotes.jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 20:32, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Cleanup?
I'm removing the cleanup tag rom the article. If you see things that still need cleanup please re-add the cleanup tag, but ALSO make a note here about what needs cleanup. RJFJR (talk) 16:02, 10 January 2010 (UTC)

First reference to Rove.
First reference to Karl Rove in section two uses only the surname and is not a link to the individual, not making it clear that Rove is a person. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.217.66.36 (talk) 01:44, 2 January 2011 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved. Vegaswikian (talk) 05:51, 28 June 2011 (UTC)

CIA leak grand jury investigation → Plame affair grand jury investigation –

There have been many, many "CIA leaks" over time. For example, Aldrich Ames. Every one of them that is criminally prosecuted begins with a grand jury investigation. Thus, the name 'CIA leak grand jury investigation' is very vague and could apply to many, many different events. The actual article is referring to only one of these cases: the Valerie Plame affair. By renaming it, the specificity will be improved and confusion between this 'leak case' and other cases (like the Sterling case) will be clarified. Decora (talk) 15:52, 21 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Support: proposed name is less vague. –CWenger ( ^ •  @ ) 23:25, 21 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Support this name is extremely vague; there have been many CIA leaks over the years, so which grand jury investigation this is as clear as a brick wall. The related CIA leak scandal timeline should also be renamed. 65.94.47.63 (talk) 05:41, 22 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Support and agreed with 65.94.47.63. Flamarande (talk) 18:30, 24 June 2011 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

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Talk:La Bottine Souriante

untitled
Added personnel (taken fomr sleeve notes on Anthologie) - probably need sbringing upt o date but adds interest (IMO) as it shows the different sounds LBS has had over the years. - Just zis Guy, you know? 21:58, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

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title: Talk:La Bottine Souriante


text:
Green Corn Ceremony

The Green Corn Ceremony (Busk) is an annual ceremony practiced among various Native American peoples associated with the beginning of the yearly corn harvest. Busk is a term given to the ceremony by white traders, the word being a corruption of the Creek word puskita (pusketv) for "a fast". These ceremonies have been documented ethnographically throughout the North American Eastern Woodlands and Southeastern tribes. Historically, it involved a first fruits rite in which the community would sacrifice the first of the green corn to ensure the rest of the crop would be successful. These Green Corn festivals were practiced widely throughout southern North America by many tribes evidenced in the Mississippian people and throughout the Mississippian Ideological Interaction Sphere. Green Corn festivals are still held today by many different Southeastern Woodland tribes. The Green Corn Ceremony typically occurs in late June or July, determined locally by the developing of the corn crops. The ceremony is marked with dancing, feasting, fasting and religious observations.

Traditions
The Green Corn Ceremony is a celebration of many types, representing new beginnings. Also referred to as the Great Peace Ceremony, it is a celebration of thanksgiving to Hesaketvmese (The Breath Maker) for the first fruits of the harvest, and a New Year festival as well.

The Busk is the celebration of the New Year. In modern tribal towns and Stomp Dance societies only the ceremonial fire, the cook fires and certain other ceremonial objects will be replaced. Everyone usually begins gathering by the weekend prior to the ceremony, working, praying, dancing and fasting off and on until the big day.

The whole festival tends to last seven-eight days, including the historical preparation involved (without the preparation, it lasts about four days).

Day one
The first day of the ceremony, people set up their campsites on one of the square ceremonial grounds. Following this, there is a feast of the remains of last year's crop, after which all the men of the community begin fasting (historically, the women were limited in their participation of this part of the ceremony ). That night there is a social stomp dance, unique to the Muscogee and Southeastern cultures.

Day two
Before dawn on the second day, four brush-covered arbors are set up on the edges of the ceremonial grounds, one in each of the sacred directions. For the first dance of the day, the women of the community participate in a Ribbon or Ladies Dance, which involves fastening rattles and shells to their legs perform a purifying dance with special ribbon-clad sticks to prepare the ceremonial ground for the renewal ceremony. The ceremonial fire is set in the middle of four logs laid crosswise, so as to point to the four directions. The Mico "Mekko" (Chief of Ceremonial Grounds or Tribal Town ) takes out a little of each of the new crops (not just corn, but beans, squash, wild plants, and others) rubbed with bear oil, and it is offered together with some meat as "first-fruits" and an atonement for all sins. The fire (which has been re-lit and nurtured with a special medicine by the medicine man or "Heleshayv" hilis-hi-ya ) will be kept alive until the following year's Green Corn Ceremony. In traditional times, the women would sweep out their cook-fires and the rest of their homes and collect the filth from this, as well as any old clothing and furniture to be burnt and replaced with new items for the new year. The women then bring the coals of the fire into their homes, to rekindle their home fires. They can then bake the new fruits of the year over this fire (also to be eaten with bear oil). Many Creeks also practice the sapi or ceremonial scratches, a type of bloodletting in the mid morning, and in many tribes the men and women might rub corn milk, ash, white clay, or analogous mixtures over themselves and bathe as a form of purification.

They also drink a medicine referred to as assi, also referred to as the "White Drink." (English traders referred to it as the "Black Drink" due to its dark liquid which froths white when shaken before drinking). This White Drink, known to strangers as Carolina Tea, is a caffeine-laden mixture of seven to fourteen different herbs, the main ingredient being assi-luputski, Creek for "small leaves" of Yaupon Holly. This medicine was intended to help receive purification, as it is a purgative when consumed in mass amounts. (Historically, only men drank enough of the liquid to throw up.) The purgative was consumed to clean the dietary tract of last year's crop and to truly renew oneself for the new year.

Day three
While the second day tends to focus on the women's dance, the third is focused on the men's.

After the purification of the second day, men of the community perform the Feather Dance to heal the community.

The fasting usually ends by supper-time after the word is given by the women that the food is prepared, at which time the men march in single-file formation down to a body of water, typically a flowing creek or river for a ceremonial dip in the water and private men's meeting. They then return to the ceremonial square and perform a single Stomp Dance before retiring to their home camps for a feast. During this time, the participants in the medicine rites are not allowed to sleep, as part of their fast. At midnight a Stomp Dance ceremony is held, which includes feasting and continues on through the night.

Day four
The fourth day has friendship dances at dawn, games, and people later pack up and return home with their feelings of purification and forgiveness. Fasting from alcohol, sexual activity, and open water will continue for another four days.

Symbolism
Puskita, commonly referred to as the "Green Corn Ceremony" or "Busk," is the central and most festive holiday of the traditional Muscogee people. It represents not only the renewal of the annual cycle, but of the spirit and traditions of the Muscogee. This is representative of the return of summer, the ripening of the new corn, and the common Native American traditions of environmental and agricultural renewal.

Historically in the Seminole tribe, 12-year-old boys are declared men at the Green Corn Ceremony, and given new names by the chief as a mark of their maturity.

Tribal participation
Several tribes still participate in these ceremonies each year, but tribes who have historic tradition within the ceremony include the Yuchi, Iroquois, Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Natchez, Chickasaw, Shawnee, Miccosukee, Alabama, Hitchiti, Coushatta, Taskigi and Seminole tribes. Each of those tribes may have its own variations of celebration, dances and traditions but performs a new year's ceremony, involving fasting and several other comparisons each year.

title: Green Corn Ceremony


text: User talk:170.76.20.41

title: User talk:170.76.20.41


text:
Talk:Indonesian Civil War/to do

Known omissions:

 * Names of the 6 generals assassinated.
 * Names of left wing generals (besides Pranoto) and names of right wing generals (besides Suharto and Nasution).
 * Lots of stuff on where fighting took place, accounts of fighting, etc.
 * Primary sources: American/British documents.

Possible solutions

 * Request translation of articles from bahasa Indonesia Wikipedia.

title: Talk:Indonesian Civil War/to do


text:
User talk:Vuepa86

The Fed:

"Federal Reserve" Board/System/Bank; informally named The Fed.

The Fed is the central banking system of the United States of America.

What is a central bank? A reserve bank w/monetary authority. Maintains stability of the nation's currency and distribution of money supply. Active duties are: controll subsidized loan interest rates, and acts as "bailout" lender of last resort to banking sector during financial crises. Supervises banks and other financial institutions to behave ethically, not reckless or fradulently.

title: User talk:Vuepa86


text:
David Feiss

David Feiss is an American animator, storyboard artist, screenwriter, and director. Feiss began his career working for Hanna-Barbera in the late 1970s. He received his first credit for the 1981 adult animated film Heavy Metal. He gained notoriety throughout the late 1980s and 1990s as an animator for Jetsons: The Movie, Once Upon a Forest, The Town Santa Forgot and The Ren & Stimpy Show, among others.

In 1995, Cartoon Network, in search of aspiring creators of original programming, launched their animated series What a Cartoon!, which featured a showcase of animated shorts from up-and-coming animators, including Craig McCracken, Genndy Tartakovsky, and Van Partible. Feiss' pilot, "No Smoking", was among the first shorts broadcast on the network and follows the unconventional sibling rivalry between a young cow named Cow and her older brother, a chicken named Chicken, as well as their human parents. The pilot was approved by the network for a full series run, Cow and Chicken, which premiered on July 15, 1997, and ran for four seasons. A spin-off series, I Am Weasel, following the duo of I.M. Weasel and I.R. Baboon, two characters featured in intermediate segments of Cow and Chicken, premiered on June 10, 1999, as a standalone series and ran for one season.

Since Cow and Chicken and I Am Weasel, Feiss has continued to work in the animation industry on projects such as The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy, Dave the Barbarian, Open Season, Despicable Me 2, The Grinch, The Willoughbys, Hotel Transylvania: Transformania, and Minions: The Rise of Gru.

Biography
He joined Hanna-Barbera around 1978 while still a teenager after graduating Casa Roble High School.

He worked on the 1980s revival of The Jetsons, was a key animator on the Jetsons movie, co-animated the Ren and Stimpy pilot "Big House Blues", was an animation director on The Ren & Stimpy Show during its first season and created the Cartoon Network original series Cow and Chicken and its spin-off, I Am Weasel. Feiss stated that The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle and Friends was the primary influence for his work. On his shows, David directed every episode and also worked as a writer, his writing credits usually collaborated with Michael Ryan.

Feiss co-directed the animated segments of The Adventures of Hyperman, a computer game released in 1995 by IBM.

In issues #5 and #30 of his cousin Sam Kieth's comic book The Maxx, David showcased his work with The Crappon (which looks like the Warner Bros. frog mascot Michigan J. Frog), Fred Flower and Uncle Italian Moose, which had a very similar style to Cow and Chicken (they are reprinted in WildStorm's The Maxx Volumes 1 and 5 trades). Feiss also collaborated with Kieth on a story featured in Parody Press's 1992 one-shot comic book Pummeler, spoofing Marvel Comics' famous character The Punisher.

In 2006, he was the head of story for Sony's first CG animated film, Open Season.

Accolades
David Feiss has received an array of critical accolades since his entrance to the animation industry.

title: David Feiss


text:
Talk:Meow (disambiguation)

Comment
Sorry, but "The sound a cuddly soft lovable cat makes" sounds a little NPOV. 65.4.250.10 19:34, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

Comment
The "Cat's say meow" caption for the image on this page is hilarious. Peaceoutside 19:03, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

Comment
The vulgar saying at the top needs to be removed Diablomarcus (talk) 20:16, 22 April 2008 (UTC)
 * What vulgar saying are you referring to? Nevermind, I see you have already reverted the vandalism. -kotra (talk) 21:10, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

Comment
The "cats say meow" caption restored a little bit of my faith in humanity back. CaTigeReptile (talk) 01:03, 7 December 2008 (UTC)

Image of cats
I know this is small potatoes, but I prefer the better picture of the cute grey cats. This picture here really is just for decoration. I don't think the open mouth is required. --Knulclunk (talk) 15:56, 14 March 2008 (UTC)

 * The now current image (grey cats) is nice, but I don't think it adds anything meaningful to the article. Decoration isn't really a good reason for including an image, so I've removed it. Images are for illustration of the article text, and since it's a sound, there's not really any good way to illustrate it visually (except with a waveform or histograph). -kotra (talk) 00:22, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Decoration is actually a great reason for including an image. It's just a bad reason for including a non-free image. Besides, its a disambiguation page, and illustrates what a cat is. It's harmless. I'm going to restore it. --Knulclunk (talk) 00:56, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Good point. I still think it's kind of silly to have that image there, but it's harmless, as you say. -kotra (talk) 05:30, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I beg to differ. I think in this article, a meowing cat picture should be included instead of "decoration" pictures. We can add any pics of cats to the Cat gallery w.tanoto-soegiri (talk) 22:28, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

Cats say meow
I humbly request that we revert to the earlier picture and also to the caption (cats say meow). That seems much more aesthetically pleasing. 125.21.165.158 (talk) 11:20, 21 November 2008 (UTC)

 * AGREE Cute gray cats with amusing caption is better! Shall we vote? --Knulclunk (talk) 15:41, 21 November 2008 (UTC)
 * AGREE I vote for the cute cat and the amusing caption! ReluctantPhilosopher (talk) 17:30, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
 * NEUTRAL My objection of this picture is that it does not show the cat meowing. The cat simply shout his/her/its mouth. The article is about Meow. Maybe this picture should be added to cat gallery instead in Cat. I would go with any decision made. w_tanoto (talk) 19:16, 25 November 2008 (UTC)

Picture of the cat
Although I am neutral of what picture should be included in the previous discussion, I got rather annoyed that the picture is being changed several times (I think three four pictures are involved in here), and the replacement picture and the replaced picture both does not show cat meowing. Can we find a proper picture of a meowing cat, or omit the picture entirely? other cat pictures should belong in the gallery of Cat. w.tanoto-soegiri (talk) 22:23, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

I think everyone needs to stop changing the original picture of the cat meowing. The picture now of the two cats are not meowing. We should come together to stop people from changing the picture (talk) 09:34, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

Major page eidt
The move from meow --> meow (disambiguation) is fine, the hatnote at cat communication takes care of that. I also kept the concise "... is a sound used in cat communication." That's nice. But some of these items ARE helpful, as are the more common spellings of meow.

The language section is a little much. I suspect it grew out of nyan, nyaa, common in manga? Even that is harmless though.--Knulclunk (talk) 14:50, 17 March 2009 (UTC)

 * This is a disambiguation page. Disambiguation pages serve to help people find the article they are looking for, when various articles have similar titles.  They are not intended to have images, navigation templates, or article content.  Please see WP:DAB.
 * As noted in the edit summary, the content about the cat vocalization is now at Cat communication. Whatever404 (talk) 19:36, 17 March 2009 (UTC)

I see now that under Disambiguation (rule 6.4.2) how disruptive the page had become. Here I was mistaking the page for being helpful! I wonder why there is a "editing guideline" template at the top of that page....? --Knulclunk (talk) 20:35, 17 March 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Meow (disambiguation)


text:
User:Geo Swan/gitmo/Jon Mohammad Barakzai

__NOINDEX__

Jan Mohammed is an Afghani man was held in extrajudicial detention in United States Guantanamo Bay detainment camps, in Cuba.

The New York Times reported that Afghan President Hamid Karzai invited the three men to meet with him at the Presidential Parade. Following their meeting with President Karzai, Sayed Fazl Akbar, a presidential spokesman announced:

Mohammed was repatriated in October 2002, together with three elderly men, two Afghanis and a Pakistani. The men described being chained, for hours, during their interrogations.

Mohammed said that he had been forcibly conscripted into the Taliban army, at gunpoint. The Associated Press quoted other comments Mohammed made:
 * {| class="wikitable"

 * "They kept us in cages like animals. We were only allowed out twice per week, for half an hour."
 * "I wasn't Taliban, but the Taliban made me fight with them. I'm innocent. I'm a farmer."
 * "There are still many of us left in that prison. They think they'll die there."
 * }
 * }

Some press reports stated that Mohammed, and the three elderly detainees released at the same time he was, were the first detainees to be released. But the Associated Press and the Washington Post reported that a mentally ill detainee was repatriated in May 2002.

Mohammed said he recognized some high level Taliban leaders in the camp, such as Zaeff Mohammed, a former ambassador. He said that the detainees were shackled every time they were removed from their cells.

Mohammed's companions said that they had no contact with their family during their American custody. Mohammed said he received a letter from his family just three days before his release.

The Department of Defense gave them men a pair of long underwear, a blue running jacket, white socks, and black shoes. men were Kabul Police Chief Basir Salangi said the men were taken to a Red Cross hospital when they were passed from American to Afghan custody. He described the three men as appearing "very sick".

Not listed
After a long legal battle the Department of Defense complied with a court order from US District Court Justice Jed Rakoff, to release the names of all the Guantanamo detainees. The DoD finally released what they described as a full list of all the captives who had been detained, in military custody, in Guantanamo. Jan Mohammed is one of the captives known to have been detained in Guantanamo whose name is missing from that list.


text:
Talk:History of Georgia (U.S. state)

Pre-Columbian
The image used for Mississippian Culture creates a really biased image of life at the time. Although human sacrifice (which is the impression given by the image) did happen it was really rare. A photo of a mound-site would be much better suited. Also, Georgia has a rich history during the Hopwell period. It would be good to have a little bit on that. Georgia is also the home of the first pottery in North America, fiber tempered pots from Stallings Island.

European exploration
It might be interesting to note, the Modern Razor Back pigs of South Georgia are descended from the escaped pigs of DeSoto. Besides a dangerous invasive pest they spread European disease far inland which aided in the eventual collapse of the Chiefdom States.

Also, the slaves did not come from warring groups, but Jamestown hired groups from the interior of the continent. Its very similar to slaver and imperialism tactics used on the African continent by Europeans.

County count
"The original eight counties of Georgia were Burke, Camden, Chatham, Effingham, Glynn, Liberty, and Richmond."

Are we missing a county?

— DLJessup (talk) 22:01, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Yep. Wilkes County, Georgia was left out.170.140.124.75 18:20, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

- Dont forget Gwinnet It's the bestest

Martin Luther King Jr. and Jackie Robinson
Martin Luther King Jr. is one of the most famous people who grew up in Georgia, Martin fought for racial equality, which is why blacks can now go to the same schools as whites, drink from the same fountin, shop in the same stores, and sit in the same theatres. Many other people tried to accomplish such, none were successful until Martin Luther King Jr. came along.

Jackie Robinson was the first black person allowed to play major league baseball, he also was born in Georgia. Today, many black people are involed in major sports such as baseball. Jackie Robinson fought to play in what he loved, baseball. He dreamed of playing in the major leagues, which is exactly what he did.

People like these are leaders, not followers, they've tought us a lesson, be a leader and fight for what you believe in. Fought for the rights of african american people.

Yes, Martin was the best man that ever fought for civil rights. Have you ever heard of Julian Bond? He was a leader too. Julian Bond ♥Smartie960♥ (Chatter Box) 21:51, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

Boundaries
The article doesn't explain how the present western and southern boundaries were set. -- Beland 10:52, 27 May 2007 (UTC)

opinion or fact
"Ultimately, the colony was not founded by or for debtors, although the misconception of Georgia having been founded as a debtor or penal colony persists. "

this need to be backed up with a source YO im a student of georgia history so tell me why did thay stop 3 classes to put in this crap thay took out shop computer resorsis and drama wich is for quiers eany way so tell me why thay did it —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.85.101.211 (talk) 21:38, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

I don't know what that dude is talking about, but I would also like to see a citation for this statement. Less to validate it as much as to know a source to find elaborations on the claim. The word "misconception" itself denotes a lack of common knowledge and demands sourcing. noit (talk) 16:42, 22 January 2011 (UTC)

Lynching of Leo Frank
I deleted reference linking this to war in Europe, not supported by any sources. --Parkwells (talk) 19:10, 27 February 2008 (UTC)

Suggestion
I recently switched template:Texas History to be based on template:Region history. Ideally it would be nice for all the state history infoboxes to be based off the same base template in order to gain some consistency.

Would anybody be opposed to doing something like the following?

--Mcorazao (talk) 17:30, 27 April 2010 (UTC)
 * that's an interesting good idea--but of course every state will have a very different outline and thosde will change as text is added. Rjensen (talk) 17:34, 27 April 2010 (UTC)
 * ? template: Region history doesn't require any particular timeline organization (or any timeline at all). What is the concern? --Mcorazao (talk) 01:50, 28 April 2010 (UTC)

Penal Colony
"The misconception of Georgia's having been founded as a debtor or penal colony persists due to the numerous English convicts who were sentenced to transportation to Georgia."

 * LOL...I should think that the author of this article could come up with something better than this thoroughly asinine denial of Georgia's past. It's the same mentality that insists that the Civil War wasn't about slavery, but "states' rights," which, of course, was the right to keep slaves! Danwaggoner (talk) 04:30, 21 April 2011 (UTC)

Basis for Civil Rights movement
I am not an expert in the actual details of how the Civil Rights movement started. It was hardly WWII, where all Afro-Americans were very segregated, just as they were everywhere else, though less up north. But most training bases for Georgians enlistees/draftees would have been in the segregated South. The military, too, was very segregated if only because they had Southern whites in preferred positions. While there were a few bright spots like the Tuskegee Airmen, most had "entry-level" jobs. Except for the Airmen, there were nearly no officers, and few NCOs. I am removing all of this since it comes without citation and is counter-historical. Student7 (talk) 21:54, 7 September 2012 (UTC)
 * yes the military was segregated & I changed the article to say that. Most RS say it was the returning WW2 veterans that largely formed the civil rights movement. For the first time ever a large black population had seen the world--and received equal pay, uniforms etc as whites (but lower promotion rates). Cites: (1) "Returning black veterans energized the civil rights movement and demanded equal treatment for themselves and their families." [Thomas, Deluxe Jim Crow (2011) p 170]; (2) "The dissonance between the idealistic rhetoric of World War II and the racist reality of 1940s America created the new militance among black veterans that spurred the early civil rights movement." [Estes 2007 p 35]; (3) "Black veterans transformed the civil rights movement and the debate over the future of African Americans in two key ways. In one important respect, ex-GIs gave credibility to advocates of equality...." [Gambone (2005) p 127]; (4) "in examining the importance of ex-servicemen in civil rights activism in Mississippi during the postwar era, John Dittmer writes that black veterans were 'the shock troops of the modern civil rights movement.'" [Saxe (2007) p 158]; (5) "veterans [in Georgia] thus provided the groundwork for an effective civil rights movement," [Pencak (2009) 1:28]. etc etc. Rjensen (talk) 01:24, 8 September 2012 (UTC)

J. D. Hall also argues for a study of the «Long Civil Rights Movement» (that starts before the «classical» CRM of 1954-1965 and goes beyond it). I preach for my own parish as I am presently working on the Civil Rights movement during the Second World War. It is not as historiographically documented as the more conventional 1954-1965 period, but it does not mean that it was a meaningless period whatsoever. I would like to add that: The NAACP organized a voter registration drive following the 1946 Supreme Court decision Smith v. Allwright. is incorrect and should be changed to following the 1944 Supreme Court decision. -Graduate Student from Université de Montréal who did not want to bother signing up to edit a simple sentence — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.57.93.85 (talk) 20:59, 21 July 2013 (UTC)

Sun Belt growth and the New Right
"With the advantages of cheap real estate, low taxes, Right-to-work laws and a regulatory environment limiting government interference, the Atlanta metropolitan area became a national center of..." This reads like GOP-inspired propaganda. It would be as if I credited Chicago's success to "managed growth, a progressive tax structure, strong unions, and a regulatory environment encouraging active governance". Would that not sound like I was a shill for Democratic Party positions in an encyclopedia? I move that the first part of this sentence be stricken for biased language. Lothar76 (talk) 05:32, 21 November 2012 (UTC)
 * the policies mentioned were bipartisan --mostly pushed before 1990s by Democrats such as Gov Jimmy Carter. Rjensen (talk) 19:31, 21 November 2012 (UTC)
 * I would have to agree with Rjensen on this one. During that period, both Republicans and conservative Georgia Democrats had fairly similar views on the issues of taxes, right-to-work, and limited government. Gulbenk (talk) 02:47, 23 November 2012 (UTC)

Changes to Lede
Hello Rjensen. Your revert of my recent edit, and the brief explanation given, does not seem to make sense. (1) The statement that the civil rights movement "had a strong role in the state" is meaningless. If you must insert something in that space, perhaps a more specific statement, borrowed from the Civil Rights section, would work. Your (edit 1) is meaningless, and should be removed. (2) You state that "Due to disfranchisement of African-Americans around the start of the 20th century..." Georgia was a Democratic stronghold in presidential elections until 1964. What does this mean? That African-Americans would have voted Republican, but couldn't? Or that the Democratic party was the party of Disenfranchisement...or something else? In your brief comments, you acknowledge that the real reason Georgians voted Democratic was due in part to anti-Republican sentiment (which I attribute to the civil war/reconstruction experience) but you give this reasonable explantion no place in your oddly worded edit. Your (edit 2) is both vague and incomplete, and should be removed. (3) To the sentence "Georgia was a Democratic stronghold in presidential elections until 1964" you tack on "and the passage of federal civil rights legislation." By this, and by your statement in (2), do you intend to say that Georgians supported the Democratic party when it supported disenfranchisement, and left the Democratic party when it supported federal civil rights legislation? That arguement is not made in the body of the article. Since the purpose of the lede is to summarize the article, not to make an unsupported statement, your (edit 3) should be removed. Gulbenk (talk) 23:57, 22 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Rjensen To amplify my point, in opposition to your (edit 3), I highlight this reference from the main article: Boyd, Tim S.R. Georgia Democrats, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Shaping of the New South (University Press of Florida; 2012) 302 pages; rejects the "white backlash" model of the decline of the Democratic party in Georgia; blames factional disputes. It is a reference that you added, earlier this year.Gulbenk (talk) 17:25, 23 November 2012 (UTC)

Politics in the lead
Does anyone else find it odd that the lead ends with a brief mention of Georgia post-1950, most of which summarizes which way voters leaned during political elections? I find this highly unusual to appear within the summary of a state that has been around for 281 years, especially that it implies that that's the most important thing from the last 60 years. Does anyone strongly disagree with relocating that information? Jami430 (talk) 04:12, 26 March 2013 (UTC)

Timeline of Georgia
Any interest in creating a Timeline of Georgia (U.S. state) article? A few other U.S. states have timelines (see Category:Timelines of states of the United States). Here are some sources: -- M2545 (talk) 05:50, 22 September 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:History of Georgia (U.S. state)


text:
Luke Field

Luke Field may refer to either of two United States military facilities:

 * Luke Air Force Base, Arizona.
 * Naval Auxiliary Landing Field Ford Island, Hawaii

title: Luke Field