text:
User talk:Plugwash

I have a strong dislike for splitting up conversations if i have posted on your talkpage i WILL have it on my watchlist Plugwash 15:24, 4 Dec 2004 (UTC)

archives
 * /archive1

Electronics
Hi plugwash, I notice that you contribute to Electronics articles. Have you considered joining WikiProject Electronics? That would be a good place to talk about the BJT control Snafflekid 23:53, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Transistor operation
We know about the relationship between base current and collector current. But the correct explanation is that the collector current is exponentially dependent on the BE voltage. See Bill Beaty's site. amasci.com. --Light current 00:34, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * exactly whereas that WP article seems to say the opposite that the current control is the real reason and the voltage is just a way of modelling it in other words it has it backwards! Plugwash 00:40, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Can you re-phrase your last comment please?--Light current 02:10, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Nice to meet you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.92.126.184 (talk) 04:21, 23 January 2010 (UTC)

PNG
Sorry I didn't respond earlier to your question about PNG...I've been out of town for a while. Your supposition about my original interlace proposal is correct. I had experimented a lot with interlacing because the original Piclab was developed on a small 286 DOS machine, and had to be able to de-interlace GIF images that were larger than memory. --LDC

Lossy data compression
Please see my additions to the discussion on Talk:Lossy data compression. --Shlomital 22:32, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Removal of discussions
If you don't want people to delete stuff from your talk page, then why don't you state it on your user page? Or is there some policy about this that I don't know about? --logixoul 12:56, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Apparently there isn't. --logixoul 14:53, 25 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Not going to reply, are you? :-D --logixoul 21:13, 19 July 2006 (UTC)
 * All righty then, I'm not watching anymore. :p --logixoul 08:02, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

Manchester vote
I noticed your comments on the City of Manchester page. Please vote about the Manchester - City of Manchester situation at Talk:City of Manchester. G-Man 20:58, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

Moving Pages
Oh, I didn't know that. I thought I could only move a page to a new page that was not on the server. If it was there, I thought I got the admin message. All DONE. Moved George Kelly (gangster) to Machine Gun Kelly

Thanks! WikiDon 17:08, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

FAT - "i don't belive this is correct"
About your last edit to File Allocation Table. Do you have a source? AlistairMcMillan 15:36, 26 October 2005 (UTC)
 * From memory the mention of FAT sotring extended attributes in a large file was mentioned in the cygwin docs (in a cautionary note about turning on a feature that used them). The mention of filesharing for macs being only supported on ntfs was in the windows 2K (may have only been 2K server) help somewhere. I don't have exact locations though. Plugwash 15:39, 26 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've tested in Windows 2000 on moving a file with Macintosh Finder Info and Macintosh Resource Fork streams to a FAT32 drive and Explorer informed that the extra streams (and listed them) will be lost on the copy.
 * I never tested behaviour with EAs but ASAP I will install an OS/2 in HPFS and NT 3.51 and move some files with EAs to a NTFS drive and then to FAT drives with various versions of NT (3.51, 4.0, 2000, maybe XP a.w.)
 * Should you need me to test also behaviour with NT 4 about Mac resources? I think I can install it with SFM and a old MacOS 8.1 and do some testing.
 * — Claunia 16:56, 26 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've just tested and wrote a section about the ADS in FAT.

Honeypot
I like what you added. At the time of my honeypot I specifically notified Alan Brown, operator of ORBS, that he could test and list my system any time. The list of open relay addresses he published was the "aged" list, IP addresses that had been listed for more than 30 days. He theorized that some spammers used blocklists as a readily-available source of open relay IP addresses. These would be fully useful to send spam to recipients not portected by that list. If the block list is operated responsibly (my bias is in effect in this statment) it's no problem at all for the honeypot to be listed. My honeypot was actually also a server and I was a bit cavalier in what I said. Still, ORBS was so little used by the operators of the servers to which most of my users' email went that there were very few instances of legitimate email being blocked. It is far better for a honeypot ot have no valid SMTP function: then it's pure and easier to run. Being on that list increased the chance that I could block spam.

I got listed by MAPS, too, for announcing my honeypot (long discussion of what that meant left out.) I dealt with that by creating another server that was used as a smart host by my actual server: that other server's IP address never ended up on any list.

Listing entire subnetworks may be done, but it's way too harsh against a single open relay. In my opinion.

But, as open relay abuse seems to be a very small part of the current spam picture it's all pretty much academic, anyway. I know of one Jackpot site, and it mostly traps spam from Asian IP addresss to Asian email addresses. Perhaps operators of open proxy honeypots and zombie honeypots should heed your warning. The latter, in particular, may not need to care, as they may be in a block of IP addresses that would already be blocklisted just because of the nature of that block of addresses (e.g., dynamic.) They're listed either way.

Minasbeede 19:31, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

Ken Kutaragi
I'm requesting your opnion about this dispute. Lot of POV-Pushing, the article is currently blocked. --GroundZero 23:58, 20 December 2005 (UTC)
 * hmm i know very little about sony and i've never edited that article any particular reason you are asking me? Plugwash 00:03, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Village Pump data loss
A recent edit of yours appears to have nuked both my comments on other threads. I'm wondering... what happened? — Ambush Commander (Talk) 22:54, 23 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Such things have happened before when db slaves get out of sync i'm not sure if thats the case here though. Plugwash 23:17, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

PNG's Not GIF
I hope this is proof enough: PNG (Portable Network Graphics) Home Site

My personal recollection is that Tom Boutell came up with the name, intending both the recursive acronym for GNU-folk and the "official" one for the record. I suggested we do a lossy one as well to replace JPEG, which I called "PNP" for "Portable Network Photo" and colloqially pronounced "pinup", but that never caught on. --LDC 22:05, 21 January 2006 (UTC)

ISO/IEC 8859-*
Why did you move all the articles to ISO/IEC 8859-*? ISO/IEC 8859-15 and other articles doesn't mention IEC at all, and I've never seen it used on the net with IEC. I question whether it's even pedantically correct to call something created by ISO, maintained by ISO/IEC, and now not maintained at all "ISO/IEC". More importantly, they're not called ISO/IEC in the Wikipedia pages, they're not called ISO/IEC by the IETF charset group, and they're not called ISO/IEC on the net. I plan to move these back shortly unless given a good reason otherwise, which would probably mean some evidence that this was discussed and agreed upon.--Prosfilaes 19:55, 18 January 2006 (UTC)
 * all i did was merge in a load of (mostly) stubs that basically said "iso-8859-? is the ianas name for iso 8859-? combined with the C0 and C1 control codes" and/or duplicated information from the C0 and C1 control codes article. the change from ISO 8859-? to ISO/IEC 8859-? was not made by me and i'd personally be happy to see them moved back. Plugwash 20:06, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

Comment
I cannot sufficiently comment on your reversion of WP:AUM without violating No personal attacks. Lucky you. -- Netoholic @ 04:26, 21 January 2006 (UTC)
 * personally i have very little sympathy for you, you shaped that page through revert wars then convinced arbitrators to side with your interpretations. in the meantime you tried to implement it through revert wars which lead to protection making life difficult for those who wan'ted to edit templates. I just wish brion (who seems to have been the only one with sufficiant authority and knowlage to resist you) had got involved sooner. Plugwash 04:32, 21 January 2006 (UTC)

Recent edit
Regarding this edit, can you provide a link to the discussion (or at least which village pump it's in and the name of the section it's under)? Thanks! —Locke Cole • t • c 14:49, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * it seems it either wasn't on the village pump or someones deleted it and i'm having trouble tracking it down. Plugwash 15:23, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Well if you happen across it, please let me know. It couldn't be the discussion at MediaWiki talk:Monobook.css could it? —Locke Cole • t • c 15:25, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

 * got it MediaWiki_talk:Common.css Plugwash 15:28, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Ah okay, thanks! =) —Locke Cole • t • c 15:36, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

who is that?
Before you, um, got involved on WP:AUM, I don't ever remember bumping into you, but you speak about subjects that very few people know about. Who are you? Did your username get changed? Are you a sock puppet? -- Netoholic @ 20:38, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * nope not a sock and this is the only username i've ever used on wikipedia. What exactly are theese "subjects that very few people know about" Plugwash 01:51, 24 January 2006 (UTC)

ASCII
Thanks for your good work on the ASCII article, especially on the list of external links. I've just suggested on Talk:ASCII that we drop the link to www.asciivalue.com. I would value any comments you might have. Chris Chittleborough 05:31, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Image:Polizia_di_stato.png
Would you like me to delete this image, now the discussion is over? ed g2s • talk 17:16, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

Manual of Style (China-related articles)
Hi there! I noticed your edits to the guidelines. What is this "update to 1.5"? Does that mean that we could wave goodbye to those weird &1234#'s and simply type in foreign characters as they are, and people from around the world can still view them without distortions?

This Unicode issue is very confusing for intellectually challenged people who know virtually nothing about encodings (yes... that's me) and has led to many unnecessary, time-wasting conflicts among editors. *SiGh* I'm so frustrated =|

Thanks!

(btw, the language spoken by people in China is spelt "Chinese" :P) 199.111.230.195 20:24, 12 February 2006 (UTC)
 * In a nutshell yes you can now type chinese straight into the wikitext and it will be stored fine. Browser support should be pretty similar for either the entites or the characters used directly though there will undoubtablly be exceptions both ways. Most other wikimedia wikis were on utf-8 already but due to the way things were handled at the time and ens size converting en before the 1.5 upgrade would have been prohibitively time consuming. Version 1.5 of mediawiki got the final bits of infrastructure for converting existing text on demand in place and made some pretty deep changes to other tables meaning the conversion came essentially free as part of the upgrade process. Plugwash 20:33, 12 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Ahhh... thanks =) 199.111.230.195 00:06, 13 February 2006 (UTC)

Code pages
Hi Plugwash,

I just realized all articles on 8xx code pages (Code page 857, Code page 858, etc.) seem to say cps's lower 127 code points are the same as ASCII's, which, regarding the graphical characters, is not 100% correct - would you favor to correct this? I would. Bye, --Abdull 19:15, 19 February 2006 (UTC) (P.S. this comment is on my watchlist :)
 * Sure though i don't particuarlly like the curent layout of code page 437 etc either. i think we should show both grids for the 0x00-0x1F range and then describe where each of them fits in. Plugwash 19:54, 19 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Like this?

 * Abdull 21:38, 19 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Not bad though could do with a little tweaking for a more even look ;)

Images of "distribution boards"
I've got some. Want any of them? 68.39.174.238 08:35, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * IE, a pic of one with the front on, since I think you were the one talking about duplicate images on that page. 68.39.174.238 16:41, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Sure provided the person who made them is prepared to release them under [|a license acceptable to wikipedia] etc

 * BTW if you log in then you can upload them yourself. Plugwash 17:10, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Yea its my board and I can do WHATEVER I WANT WITH IT AHAHAHHAHHAH (Well, the image(s) anyway). 68.39.174.238 00:17, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

 * ? 68.39.174.238 22:53, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Never mind, I got someone else to upload the pics. 68.39.174.238 01:25, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Ohm
There's a vote at Talk:Ohm (unit) to reinstate as the primary topic after a move from Ohm. Have an opinion to share? Femto 16:56, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Caron/hacek vote
There's a vote on Talk:caron where the article should be if you're interested. +Hexagon1 (talk) 10:07, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Fixing of RTL text on Scrabble letter distributions
Thank you! Soo 15:50, 31 March 2006 (UTC)

What exactly I changed
Hello, some users of German Wikipedia wanted to use the animation in personal Babelboxes on their user pages. User:Dudenfreund reported trouble with this combination. The .gif was displayed in incorrect size, and the animation was stuttering. I don´t know the exact reasons for the trouble until today, but I know some settings which may cause strange displaying in some browsers (especially the Internet Explorer). So I changed the method of pixel removal (I hope I translate that correctly) from "never" to "background", the number of repeats from "65535" to "never ending" and I increased the speed a little bit. The first change was (I think) what caused the trouble. The second setting would have made the animation stop after 65,535 repeats, now it will rotate forever 8-). And the 3rd change is one for the eyes, it runs faster now, so the rotation looks smoother.

All changes were made with Ulead Gif Animator 5.0. If my changes caused any other trouble, feel free to revert, but please report me, so I can edit my .gifs with a maximum of compatibility. The rotating earth is displayed now in some babelboxes like here. I hope I could help you. And sorry for my bad English, I´m just a stupid German

Owly K

 * Hmmm... I don´t know gifsicle, but I compared the first version and your edit. I think, the changes you made were the reason for the trouble. But I´m not sure. I think we should try and look what will happen. Owly K06:01, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

UTF-8-MAC
Thank you for fixing up the UTF-8-Mac area of the UTF-8 article. I knew somewhat what was going on there and knew it was important enough to be mentioned, but you definetly seem to understand it better then I do :D - The DJ 18:41, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

CSS and mirrors
Actually the bit about CSS and mirrors (as seen in WP:HIDE) was a result of a comment by Brion VIBBER. I guess many mirrors use their own CSS and not Wikipedia's (OTOH, installing an extension like ParserFunctions is a lot less controversial; and templates such as qif are copied along with all the other data AFAIK). I think Brion's quote is on Don't use hiddenStructure. —Locke Cole • t • c 18:01, 23 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Mirrors that just copy everything and dump it into a fairly plain mediawiki install will be fine. As will those that keep and eye on wikipedias css and merge changes as needed. OFC there may be mirrors in between that use thier own css without watching whats going on but i can't imagine that covers all mirrors. Plugwash 18:05, 23 April 2006 (UTC)

Tesla Suggestion
Hi, Plugwash. I'd just like to remind you to not bite the newcomers. I understand that the edit war over Nikola Tesla's nationality is stupid, but it's nothing worth losing your head over. Elitism over whether someone does or doesn't have a registered account and talking in caps will only provoke people into being stubborn. Maybe it's time to think about contacting an admin about making the page semi-protected. --Rocketgoat 20:38, 25 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Right if its a genuine newbie who doesn't understand that this is a colaborative editing site thats one thing. But this person clearly knew that it was and that he could get away with bossing us arround and pushing his pov. Plugwash 21:00, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

Major programming languages
You might be interested in Templates for deletion/Log/2006 May 25. Cheers, —Ruud 21:51, 26 May 2006 (UTC)

from your userpage
I am from INDIA...my doubt is "why is that a Ground or earth pin is of greater diameter when compared to that of Phase or Neutral"

If found the answer to this plz mail me to odaysuresh@lancogroup.com.

thanking you. Odaysuresh 12:16, 19 June 2006
 * I don't know for sure why BS546 did it that way but i'd guess it was to make sure that under no circumstances could the ground pin go in the wrong hole.

Flag Template
Regarding your idea, how would you go about doing that in the template? You're absolutely right, and I think it's a great idea. Any way I can help? Uris 17:09, 20 June 2006 (UTC)

Page move
Another proposal to move Caron is currently underway. Since you participated in a past discussion of this, you may be interested. Jonathunder 17:26, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject Linux
I thought you might be interested. Best wishes, User:Samsara (talk • contribs) 17:53, 27 July 2006 (UTC)

Meth Mouth image
Hey, I saw you removed the meth mouth image from the dental caries article. Meth mouth is an example of rampant caries. The same thing is the case with xerostomia-related caries. With this in mind, do you think it would be ok to put the image back up? (and coincidentally, I took that picture from one of my patients.) :) - Dozenist talk  21:57, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Ok sorry didn't realise that put it back if you wan't but at least label it as such. Plugwash 11:03, 18 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Ok, will do. I did not want to touch it until I heard from you, and so I will put it back up. - Dozenist talk  20:28, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Domestic AC power plugs and sockets
I see you've been active at Domestic AC power plugs and sockets, which is up for a featured article review. Detailed concerns may be found here. If you can help us address the issues raised on the FAR, perhaps the article's featured status can be retained. Regards, Sandy 13:20, 12 September 2006 (UTC)

That FAT 512 root dir entries discussion
Hi, you had started the discussion on the FAT page, but have not replied recently. Are you convinced now that it's possible to have more than 512 root dir entries in a FAT disk? If so, what argument convinced you? -- Tempel 09:07, 21 November 2006 (UTC)
 * The discussion so far hasn't convinced me either way, it appears to me that it is possible to generate a disk with more entries (and for that we can cite mkdosfs's man page) but it also appears that windows may have problems with such disks. Plugwash 11:10, 21 November 2006 (UTC)

Deletion of Template:8 bit charset comparison
Hi,

I tagged Template:8 bit charset comparison for deletion. Thought to notify you, in case you have then worked on it without committing your changes. — Gennaro Prota •Talk 19:55, 18 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Go ahead and delete it, i don't remember exactly what it was going to be but i belive it was something that involved conditionals and my idea for creating conditionals didn't work out. Plugwash 22:19, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

PCI Express
Can you explain your removal of the ref in the PCI Express article? I looked at the ref and it seems both accurate and authoritative to me. It also directly covers the claim it's attached to, although to be honest that claim is non-controversial and doesn't really need a ref anyway. (respond here, I'll see it) Maury 20:34, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Our article states "PCIe transfers data at 250 MB/s per lane. With a maximum of 32 lanes, PCIe allows for a total combined transfer rate of 8 GB/s." which to the best of my knowlage is correct and is consistant with PCI-e being intended as a superior replacement for PCI, PCI-X and AGP. The linked articles figures are all lower than ours by a factor of 8 which I am pretty convinced is wrong (and someone else posted on the talk page to point out). Plugwash 20:42, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

 * So is this a bits/bytes issue? That was not clear. Here is a better ref then: Sadly it too mixes bits and bytes at random. BTW, it does disagree with the highest speed, slighly, putting it at 6.4 MBps. Maury 20:55, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Picking that new reference apart it is frankly terrible.

 * "Although this sounds limiting, it can transmit at the extremely high speed of 2.5 Gbps, which equates to a burst mode of 320 MBps on a single connection." <-- first screwup, quoting the value which has not been 8b10b corrected in bytes and describing it like that is highly misleading.

 * "This encoding explains differences in the published spec speeds of 250 MBps (with the embedded clock overhead) and 200 MBps (data only, without the overhead)." <-- it gets worse, he's now gone from not applying the 8b10b encoding at all to applying it twice!

 * The 6.4 GBps figure in his table seems to be a result of him counting both directions for an x16 slot (our figures are the bandwidth in one direction which is more realistic since symetric traffic patterns are rare) but then applying 8b10b TWICE (as mentioned above).

 * Finally despite being on the site of a well respected computer company note the disclaimer at the bottom of the page it really seems like this was written in a hurry for some tutorial series.

 * The real problem is that few wikipedia editors have the access needed to make proper cites (proper cites defined here as citing the actual standards which are unfortunately in many cases pay to access) but there is huge pressure from the wikipedia cabel be to have cites for everything. The result is that articles end up full of cites from sources that are full of inaccuracies and in many cases no more authoritive than wikipedia itself! Plugwash 21:24, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Well this seems odd to me. Don't you find it strange that otherwise authoritative sources like Emulex and IBM would be so full of mistakes? Maury 14:39, 3 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Well i've never heared of Emulex before but as for the IBM article given the disclaimer at the bottom which essentially implies that its the unchecked work of one person it doesn't entirely surprise me that the content is extremely poor quality. Plugwash 21:07, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

"Pins" in the root canal
Please see Talk:Crown (dentistry) for an answer to your question. DRosenbach (Talk

TfD nomination of Template:Unicode Latin
Template:Unicode Latin has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for Deletion page. Thank you. — ✉ Hello World! 06:38, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

Ethernet
Hi... I'm sorry you found my edit objectionable. I think I understand your position and it's a fair one. I'll think about it more and propose something better on the Talk page.

Paul Koning 01:45, 13 April 2007 (UTC)
 * BTW do you know where the section on bridges is in the spec, i had a quick look but couldn't find it.

 * Multicast awareness of switches and failopen may not be mentioned explicitly in the spec but they are both issues that can cause an inadvertant flood of packets that act like broadcast.

 * As for spanning tree the impression i get is standardised or not its a feature only seen in high end switches, am i wrong? Plugwash 14:29, 13 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Bridges are in 802.1d. Not 802.3, because bridges are not specfic to Ethernet.  I don't have my copy at hand, unfortunately.  They are also discussed in detail in chapter 3 of Radia Perlman's excellent book "Interconnections".

 * Spanning tree -- at one time I remember things called "simple switches" which left out spanning tree. Those are non-conforming -- the bridge standard requires implementation of spanning tree. (Perlman says "to conform to 802.1d, a bridge must implement both learning and the spanning tree".)  I haven't heard about these non-conforming switches lately, so I don't know if they exist anymore.  But I would certainly not view spanning tree as a "high end" feature.  For example, EVERY bridge from DEC has always had spanning tree.

 * Fail-open -- I view that as simply a bug. Whose bridge does that?  The correct behavior in learning is that, if you get too many addresses to learn them all, you learn what you can.  That implies, of course, that traffic for any unlearned address is flooded.

 * Multicast-aware -- do you have a reference for that? Bridges can have address entries (such as multicast addresses) set by management.  That's a feature described in 802.1d (it's optional), and common on managed bridges.  Is that what you meant?  Multicast is usually viewed as traffic that wants to be treated like broadcast, so the flooding of multicast would not be seen as a problem in that case.  Of course, with either broadcast or multicast, if the sender goes far enough out of control that your whole bridged LAN is overloaded, that's a problem.  If that risk is a major issue then you'd use routers, not switches.

 * Paul Koning 15:55, 13 April 2007 (UTC)
 * As i said i was under the impression that low end switches didn't support spanning tree but i could be wrong. I was also under the impression that there were high end switches that could send multicasts to the relavent nodes without flooding the whole network but again i don't know for sure. Plugwash 23:54, 13 April 2007 (UTC)
 * I think you may be right about "low end" switches doing such a thing, at least some of them. How about dealing with this in the Ethernet article by describing what the bridge standard says about it?  In other words, the standard says it's required though some people may have sold switches that don't conform.  And on multicast, how about dropping it until there is a reference that can be quoted?  That's the Wikipedia guideline as I understand it.  Paul Koning 01:08, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Apropos dual speed hubs, the devices are essentially obsolete, but perpetuating the term simply repeats marketing-speak to try to convince customers that they can do something more cheaply. Hubs use circuitry that repeats bits based on the timing information recovered, by a phase locked loop or similar function, from the frame preambles. They have no separate higher speed clock. In dual speed, a frame is sent, by a bridge circuit, not running STP, that stores and forwards the frame to a higher- or lower-speed repeater. Howard C. Berkowitz 14:16, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

Pidgin protocols revert
Have to ask, since I spent a decent amount of time setting that table up: What exactly about the table was misleading? Would it have been possible to bring it up on the talk page before reverting it, or bringing it up on my talk page first? Any misleading statements that may have existed were purely accidental, and for the sake of preventing said mistake from happening again I ask what exactly was misleading. (Note: reply here, I have your tp watched.) // 3R1C 16:39, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

Please copyedit your edit to "Operational amplifier"
There are a number of misspellings and punctuation errors in your latest edit to the Operational amplifier article. If you have the time and don't mind, would you please take a look at the edit and make the corrections? Alfred Centauri 02:46, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Geneseo Technology
If you have a chance, could you please take a look at Geneseo Technology page & do what is appropriate--it's been stagnating with a "notability" tag but from what I can tell on google, it's still at least potentially important--I'm out of my depth there. DGG 02:08, 23 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Never heared of it. Plugwash 14:10, 23 June 2007 (UTC)

Spelling
Hi. Please mind your spelling when editing articles. Your recent edit to Square root has introduced 2 spelling errors. When in doubt, Wiktionary is your friend. -- Meni Rosenfeld (talk) 23:08, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

Ethernet Hub
Shall we discuss the term "dual-speed hub"? It was never used by more than a few manufacturers, and it is inherently wrong. Cabletron, in particular, liked to any interconnect shelf a "hub", even if that shelf had a combination of layer 1, 2, and 3 devices. Just as one obsolete marketing term was "switch when you can, route when you must", the cost differences have disappeared. I've had trouble finding even a single-speed switch when I wanted to use it as a fan-out for multiple instruments on Ethernet. 10/100 "switches", with 5 ports or so, can be gotten for USD $20 or so.

Why insist on perpetuating a term that was never widely used, and is misleading to the beginner? Incidentally, I have worked on repeaters/hubs, bridges/layer 2 switches, and routers/layer 3 switches at the component level, and designed router internals. Other than here, I don't think I've heard, in an industrial setting, anyone refer to a "dual speed hub" in years. Howard C. Berkowitz 15:12, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

I realized you called "dual speed hub" POV. Could you please provide a link to any current, vendor-independent, authoritative source that documents this definition? Howard C. Berkowitz 16:20, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

NAT vs PAT
Like you, I dislike 'split conversations', so can I suggest we conduct our discussion on the 'Network address translation' page. thanks. Mercury543210 19:36, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

Same here -- I can continue here or elsewhere. There are some rather fine nuances to IP versus TCP/UDP checksumming, and the wording might be better. It makes good sense to discuss it. Howard C. Berkowitz 15:23, 2 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The current wording doesn't make much sense, I was under the assumption that each IP packet or packet fragement had a header checksum and that each TCP/UDP packet had a checksum covering the data, TCP/UDP header and a psuedo header containg the IPs. I know this is correct for UDP but the article implies that the situation is more complex for TCP. Also the current text seems to imply a UDP packet can't be fragmented when I was under the impression that it was more likley to get fragmented than a TCP one. Plugwash 15:28, 2 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Well i've taken a read of the TCP rfc and it seems to confirm what I thought so I have edited the article to match. Plugwash 16:04, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

rv:Bullshit
Hi there.. i'd have to contend with your decision. I've nullified your arguments about a non-lower-bounded lossless compression argument through prime number dictionary reassessment.. do you actually have anything else left? An 'rv:Bullshit' just isn't enough.

i'll reiterate the logic for the class..

counter-pidgeons:

a prime number factor that takes 50,000 bits to encode in a dictionary. a series of prime number factors that take 4,000 bits each * 20 factors + 3,000 expression bits to run inside the algorithm to stitch them together along with an indicator of position of fragment 64 bits long = 23,064 bits. take another 2,000 bits for the id of the compressed file, number of total fragments, algorithm version, etc.

25,064 bits < 50,000 bits.

it's leveraging the fact that the index values, factors, and expression bits compared to the internal reconfigurations do indeed reach more than parity with very large data sets.

you cannot utilize this argument into the lower ranges, thus the lower-boundaries.

counter-counting:

to more precisely hone into the qualities that make this tech work, all the possible combinations of values under the threshold are definitely not guaranteed to compress. they function, with regards to various algorithms, as prime number dictionary pools, where the combinations of values above the threshold are going to contain with total surety some portion that can be reconfigured, even taking into account the index size needed to specify the fragments.

More, as soon as the size moves past 1,000,000 digits, it takes 20 bits to specify the index. At 144,000,000 digits, it takes 28 bits to specify the index. You can see what i'm saying here. 144:1 in terms of possible subsets to choose from, 1.4:1 in terms of the amount of information needed to specify the position of those subsets. big gains.. doesn't work on smaller files.

this is my contention, come up with an actual response, 'rv:Bullshit' just doesn't work, and you're totally not representing properly as a moderator of Wikipedia.

UmbraPanda 03:20, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I concur with Plugwash's assessment of these bovine fæces. ΔιγυρενΕμπροσ! 09:11, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

 * that's nice.. but without any counter arguments, you're now both wrong. you sorta have to meet the challenge if you want to have any credibility. UmbraPanda 06:27, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Want a second opinion? Word salad. ΔιγυρενΕμπροσ! 08:12, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Lol.. yes. You are capable of referencing nonsense.. that's great! I'm not referencing nonsense in my argument however, so if you actually have counter arguments, i'll be all for taking them into proper account. But you haven't yet, so I figure you probably don't. Increase your skills, take a look at the problem again. UmbraPanda 02:40, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Rawmeat classic.png
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Rawmeat polymost.png
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Domestic AC power plugs and sockets
Hi, Plugwash. I understand that you are one of the main contributors to the Domestic AC power plugs and sockets article. This article is rated as an A-class article after downgrading from the FA status. I think that it is worth to be re-nominated to be FAC, if it will be better referenced. However, without additional references it should be downgraded to the B-class. I see the problem to find references, however, maybe you could help with this? Beagel (talk) 07:04, 1 March 2008 (UTC)
 * The problem is that most of the authoritive references are 1: national standards that cost money to access (which most editors are not prepared to pay when editing wikipedia is just a hobby) and 2: apart from the british and american plugs not in english. That leaves the main sources of information for most editors as a combination of personal experiance and other websites neither of which are really any more authoritive than wikipedia. Plugwash (talk) 22:34, 1 March 2008 (UTC)

Pidgin protocols
Hi. I've started a discussion on the Pidgin talk page regarding my edit and my views on the matter. Your views would be most appreciated. [Jam] [talk] 09:49, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

Gray Code Example
Hi Plugwash,

Some time ago you deleted from the article on Gray Code a 3-line example of how the Gray Code could be calculated using a popular high-level language, such as VBA/VB. Your argument was that since there was a pseudo-code example, a practical example in a specific programming language did not contribute anything to the value of the article.

However, since then I have been alerted to the fact that the above assumption might not have been correct. Why? Because the example in pseudo code only treats the rare case when the binary code is contained in an array, one bit in one array member. This is very rarely, if at all, the case in reality, when the binary number is usually contained in a single variable. Converting from an ordinary variable to an array, with just one bit in every member of the array is not efficient and therefore the given example does not find any practical application in high-level programming languages. I also fear, that even in assembly language the given example will not be practical, since even in assembly language the loop, specified in the example, will be out of place (there is no need for the complicated approach of using a loop, which the example seems to suggest, when the entire calculation could be performed without any loops using the XOR bitwise operator).

In fact, at least two of my friends/colleagues have remarked to me that from the pseudo code examples they had not been able easily deduce the correct implementation for a high-level programming language. I can understand and sympathise with you, that an expert of a high calibre, such as yourself (judging from your in-depth contributions) might be easily annoyed by this fact that novices or beginners fail to grasp something, which is so obvious to you. And it is because of my sympathetic attitude to you, that I decided to write to you and kindly ask your permission to reinstitute the example for calculating the Gray Code using a high-level programming language. The example takes only three lines and will not dilute the article, but will give at least some practical knowledge to beginners and novices to the field. Would you allow me to insert the example in VBA/VB?

And if you are wondering why VBA/VB and if you are going to recommend C++ or Java or Perl, do please consider that most novices and beginners, especially those who are not advanced programmers, use Excel for their engineering calculations and therefore have some basic knowledge of VBA/VB, but hardly any knowledge of C++, and what is more, they hardly have any means to use C++ (VBA comes free with Excel, but in order to use C++ they will need a dedicated development environment plus knowledge how to create XLL libraries from DLL and how to load them as add-ins into Excel, which is not an easy task even for a seasoned developer). I can understand that you could perhaps easily dismiss Excel and suggest Matlab, Mathcad, Mathematica or some other tool, however it is a hard fact, that there are many times more engineers who use Excel, than who use Matlab, Mathcad and Mathematica taken together.

I hope that you will look favourably on my small request and will allow me, for the sake of readers who are not complete experts in programming, to reinstate the example of calculating Gray Code using a high-level programming language. After all it is only three lines. (Please do not insist on C/Java, as every seasoned C++ user will be able to understand a VBA/VB example, but few beginners with Excel will be able to understand a C++ example.)

Yours, Plamen Grozdanov (talk) 23:18, 26 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Language selection is always tricky in such articles. Everyone wants an example in thier pet language but to put it in everyones pet language would make the article insane. There already seem to be some exaples in pretty plain C that aren't too hard to follow. Maybe add some extra comments to those to make it easier for those who aren't C experts to follow them. Plugwash (talk) 00:27, 27 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your prompt reply. I am disappointed, that you chose to insist on something, which may not be helpful to readers of Wikipedia. I would like to comment on your statements above, if you would allow me:

 * 1) You say, that "Language selection is always tricky", as if you have considered a great variety of languages and you have decided that C/Java was the best compromise solution to the 'difficult' problem of choosing a language for the examples. This, of course, cannot be true. The author of the article has provided the examples in C simply because this was perhaps the language of choice for him/her -- for an expert with knowledge of programming and of Gray Code (I think we can agree that the author of the article was not a novice to Gray Code or to programming). The C language for the examples was not chosen, because the author thought it was most popular one or because it was the easiest to be understood by beginners and novices. Therefore, it appears that your statement that the language selection is "always tricky" is not true at least in this case -- the language selections must have been easy and straightforward, without any alternatives considered. Would you disagree? Or would you suggest that actually a wide range of possible languages were considered impartially and C/Java were chosen as the best means to illustrate to an uninitiated reader the concepts of the article? I think that we can agree that the examples in the article are intended to be most helpful not to experts, but to uninitiated and novices to the field.

 * 2) I felt that your implied suggestion that I am simply dragging into the article my 'pet' language was a bit denigrating. I carefully explained my reasons -- they are not because I like VBA/VB or because I see it as superior or preferable to C/Java (usually people who insist on C/Java are guilty of this assumption that their 'pet' language is the best). The reasons, for which I asked your permission to reinstate the deleted example, were because the vast majority of beginners or novices do not have knowledge or even access to C/Java. Think about people, who do calculations and modelling in the most popular tool for easy calculations Excel, and not in coding using a programming language. Usually it is these people, who will be lacking knowledge both of Gray Code and of C/Java. Is the purpose of the article not to help people who do not have enough knowledge?

 * 3) You statement that other examples exist in "pretty plain C that aren't too hard to follow" appears to be somewhat (if not highly) subjective. For example, would you insist, that for a person, who has been taught at school the meaning of the mathematical symbols of greater than (>) and significantly greater than (>>) it would be easy to grasp the meaning of the C/Java expression b ^ (b >> 1) which is given in one of the current examples? I, perhaps like you, have been using C and C++ since 1984, so for me this is a very natural and easy to understand expression (it is also elegant, because C has this easy way of shifting the bits of a number -- many other high-level languages do not have operators for bit shifting, they use functions). But this is not the point. The point is that this little expression is not the easiest to be understood by people who do not know C/Java and we must not presume that just because we think C/Java to be great languages that they indeed are the most popular among all readers of Wikipedia. Even more, the point is that while an example in C/Java requires specialised knowledge (that of the peculiar and mathematically counterintuitive notation of C/Java) an example in another high-level language may be more readily understood by larger number of uninitiated readers. This is why I am asking you for a permission to reinstitute the example in VBA/VB. Please note, that I am not advocating re-writing the examples from C/Java into VBA/VB (although this could perhaps make the article more understandable for greater numbers of Wikipedia readers). I am only asking your permission to make the article a bit more practical by inserting just a single additional example. Would you rather deny me this small request?

 * 4) Your suggestion that putting into the article "everyones pet language would make the article insane" sounds as if you had a number of requests for a number of different languages to be included into the article, or that you would expect such requests to be immediately made, following my suggestion. This, of course, cannot be true -- it is almost certain that you did not have such requests in the past and also that no such requests will be prompted by reinstitution of the deleted example. In fact I found this argument quite exaggerated and unconstructive. (I also was disappointed by your seeming attempt to ridicule my suggestion by repeated use of the phrase "pet language".)

 * I would appreciate, if you could answer the following questions (thanks for your time and attention):

 * (a) Would you insist that the expression in C/Java b ^ (b >> 1) is clear to a person who has not studied C/Java? Food for thought:
 * in mathematics the notation "$$\gg$$" stands for significantly greater than;
 * the symbol "$$\and$$", which resembles the symbol "^" used here, in ordinary written texts stands for logical and, while here it stands for xor.

 * (b) Would you claim, that the expression in VBA/VB b Xor (b / 2) is as unclear as the previous example to an ordinary person, who has not studied VBA/VB?

 * (c) Do you really insist that if one example in VBA/VB is given in the article that there will be numerous other requests for examples in numerous other languages?

 * (d) Do you genuinely not see the difference in this particular case between C/Java and VBA/VB, which difference is that in C/Java the expression uses non-standard mathematical notation and in VBA/VB the notation is closer to that commonly used in ordinary (non-C/non-Java related) written texts, and for this reason it is closer to a larger number of high-level programing languages (this would make the example in VBA/VB easier to be undesrstood by users of other languages)?

 * (e) Do you seriously maintain that the above proposal was made because "Everyone wants an example in their pet language"?

 * Once again, thanks for your response and for your time.

 * Yours, Plamen Grozdanov (talk) 11:18, 28 May 2008 (UTC)

request for input on AT Attachment article name
Greetings, you have contributed in the past to the "AT Attachment" article. That article is now the subject of a rename (move) discussion. Your input would be appreciated here. Thanks! Jeh (talk) 03:49, 25 June 2008 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Iomega zip drive logo.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Iomega zip drive logo.gif. You've indicated that the image is being used under a claim of fair use, but you have not provided an adequate explanation for why it meets Wikipedia's requirements for such images. In particular, for each page the image is used on, the image must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Can you please check

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Please take a look at the Stray voltage article
(This is being CC'd to both Wtshymanski's and Plugwash's talk.) :-)

Due your background in electrical systems I think you could provide valuable edits to the Stray voltage article, which is just a mess right now. I am trying to put in some objective science discussion of eddy currents, inductive heating, capacitive coupling, ground loops, etc, but it really needs more work. I will dig through my public domain Hawkins/Audels illustration collection to see if I can help flesh out the science better. DMahalko (talk) 19:56, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

Parallel port
I noticed you asked a question at Talk:Parallel port some time back. I answered it in the next question. --—— Gadget850 (Ed)  talk  -  14:36, 6 April 2009 (UTC)

Copyvio of Three-phase
When contributing to Wikipedia, never copy text or equations from a copyrighted website, as you appear to have done to Three-phase with content from http://www.3phasepower.org/3phasepowercalculation.htm. All content on Wikipedia falls under the CC-BY-SA 3.0 License. Contributed content must not be stolen from elsewhere on the Internet, and sources must always be properly cited. —Voidxor (talk) 21:54, 26 February 2010 (UTC)
 * I have pretty clear memory (as clear as one can reasonablly be about stuff I wrote 6 years ago) of writing that text from scratch based on my knowledge of three phase from my lectures at university, I have no memory of ever seeing the site you accused me of copying from before.
 * There is plenty of readily available evidence that they copied from us rather than the other way around. Firstly I wrote the bulk of the content in that article back in december 2004 ( http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Three-phase&oldid=8910622 ) at which time the site you accuse me of stealing from didn't even exist ( http://whois.domaintools.com/3phasepower.org ). Further the equations look virtually identical on the two sites, since the equations on wikipedia are generated by mediawiki this is also an indication that they copied us.
 * Please make some effort to figure out who copied who before making such accusations in future. Plugwash (talk) 12:50, 27 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Plugwash, I apologize if I have accused you of something you have not done. But I don't think I have. The 3 Phase Power Calculation website is copyrighted and makes no mention of using material from Wikipedia. As I'm sure you know, the CC-BY-SA 3.0 license precludes the use of Wikipedia's content in copyrighted material. So somebody here has plagiarized. Personally, I would rather it be them than you. Perhaps Wikipedia's attorneys could intervene it that turns out to be the case.

 * However, you have a nasty history of getting copyvio accusations. Just skim your talk page. Also, you didn't bother to cite your sources.

 * I am not looking for an argument, but I do think we need to get to the bottom of this. If you have hard evidence, like from WikiBlame, that clears your name, I would love to see it. —Voidxor (talk) 06:26, 5 March 2010 (UTC)

 * On closer inspection, I think I was wrong. I deeply apologize for the accusation. It looks like http://www.3phasepower.org/3phasepowercalculation.htm is closest to this edit of the article. Although most of the copied text comes from your edits and not from the edits of other active editors at the time, you wrote the majority of the article text. I had seen that the stolen text came from your edits, and then jumped to conclusions when I saw your user talk page. Sorry. Anyway, I think the 3 Phase Power Calculations folks really hang themselves by leaving the following paragraph in the stolen article, broken links and all:

 * This article deals with the basic mathematics and principles of three-phase electricity. For information on where, how and why three-phase is used, see three-phase electric power. For information on testing three-phase kit, see three-phase testing

 * Blame aside, I'll leave the copyvio tag posted and see what happens. I'm sure there would be a conflict of interest if either of us decide the fate of the article now that I've nominated it for copyvio. —Voidxor (talk) 06:54, 5 March 2010 (UTC)

 * "you have a nasty history of getting copyvio accusations. Just skim your talk page." <-- There are a couple of cases where I used the most popular game based on an engine to demonstrate a quirk of the engine and the powers that be disagreed that was a valid fair use claim. There was also a claim about a missing fair use rationale for an image that I didn't perform the initial upload on but I don't see any other accusations of outright copyvios. Plugwash (talk) 11:54, 5 March 2010 (UTC)

CfD nomination of Full-duplex Ethernet
I have nominated full-duplex ethernet for merging into another category. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at the discussion page. Thank you. Publicly Visible (talk) 00:59, 28 March 2010 (UTC)

CfD nomination of Full-duplex Ethernet
I have nominated full-duplex ethernet for merging into another category. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at the discussion page. Thank you. Publicly Visible (talk) 01:02, 28 March 2010 (UTC)

File:Karte_Etzenricht_in_Deutschland.png listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Karte_Etzenricht_in_Deutschland.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Common Good (talk) 19:15, 19 April 2011 (UTC)
 * I presume I transferred this at some point to add an image to an article that didn't have one but I really don't remember why I was looking at the article or even what article it was (searching for the name at the start of the file doesn't reveal any articles here now). Plugwash (talk) 22:20, 23 April 2011 (UTC)

Talk:Isopropyl_alcohol
Hi there

Thanks for catching the problem. I think I've fixed it with the archivebox. I've undone your last edit since the archive box is now visible. --Rifleman 82 (talk) 05:33, 29 September 2011 (UTC)
 * That wasn't what concerned me the most though. It was the fact the bot archived almost all the sections on the page. I've now discovered the reason for that is that the archive timer is in hours. IMO 720 hours (=30 days) is way too fast for such a low traffic talk page. Plugwash (talk) 09:53, 29 September 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure if it is useful to leave discussions open for a year, but okay. --Rifleman 82 (talk) 15:01, 30 September 2011 (UTC)

RiscPC
-- Trevj (talk) 10:52, 3 November 2011 (UTC)

MfD nomination of CSS and Javascript hacks
CSS and Javascript hacks, a page you substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:CSS and Javascript hacks and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of CSS and Javascript hacks during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you.--Rockfang (talk) 06:45, 13 December 2013 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:49, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Nomination of UTF-9 and UTF-18 for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article UTF-9 and UTF-18 is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/UTF-9 and UTF-18 until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Jc86035 (talk) 16:44, 23 April 2018 (UTC)

title: User talk:Plugwash


text:
Talk:University District, Seattle

Neutral point of view
This article's final two paragraphs, related to bars and nightlife in the University District, are highly opinionated and inflamatory. The mistake is made wherein a young person in a bar who is white, has a conservative haircut, and is dressed well but non-trendily in some sort of vague supposed "frat boy" outfit, is assumed to be a frat boy. The vast minority of students who live in the University District area are affiliated with the Greek system of UW, and so the vast minority of young people seen on the streets or at the various nightlife spots are frat/sorority.

As a resident of the U-district for many years, and a former U-district bar worker for many years, I feel that I can say with some certainty that the later portion of this article greatly misrepresents the neighborhood, and as well is in danger of insulting a particluar group that the article generalizes. (Oct 2, 2005) (67.168.99.182 21:34, 2 October 2005 (UTC)])

 * I myself have just discovered these two paragraphs and agree that they are highly opinionated and not entirely appropriate for an encyclopedia. I've cut them down considerably--please feel free to further edit this article if you feel it's needed. --Lukobe 05:49, 17 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Highly opinionated can be appropriate if significant and points are discussed well per WP:NPOV and WP:RS (Neutral point of view and Reliable sources), "The two policy pages that discuss the need to use sources are No original research and Verifiability." [ WP:RS, aka Reliable sources ]  --GoDot 07:22, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

I have issues with some of the other content as well. I lived in the U-District for a few years, and never once had change "demanded" rather than asked of me. If this is said to be "common", I think some sourcing is in order, or at least a few Wikipedians should come forward and vouch for it. --Soultaco 22:11, 26 November 2005 (UTC)

 * "Ave Rats", change, bars and parties: This is indeed interesting (endearing in a Clockwork Orange sort of way), but Citation needed, per WP:RS (Reliable sources) and Verifiability.  "[B]ear in mind that edits for which no reliable references are provided may be removed by any editor." [ Reliable sources ]  Please see next section, post 07:11, 17 May 2006.
 * Research back to before Europeans documents that the above points of contention illustrate aspects of changing (and perennial) neighborhood character—and very real problems needing airing, making a good WP (Wikipedia) article useful. --GoDot 07:22, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

This entire discussion is very old and the U District has changed completely in character with new urban high rises and a change in demographics. I cleaned up the article to remove all kinds of racist and classist language and references to "street crime" and things like that. The article now reads in a more neutral tone which describes the local area's function and character.Ajohns90 (talk) 10:50, 4 March 2023 (UTC)

References for gun violence
Are there some sources to back the reference to party crasher gun violence? It seems somewhat at odds with my experiences in the neighborhood on weekends. It might want some language to point out that such nonsense is rare (that or I'm just lucky/sheltered in my U. District experiences). w?c 03:16, 22 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Besides the local newspapers of record, The Daily of the U of W covers all about that beat closely (Archives by year back to 1995, off-line back to c. 1891). The North Seattle Herald-Outlook covers thoroughly a little less, and Real Change has had some good insights.  After quite some sensational peaks in recent years, the UW has joined with the SPD and neighborhood groups in Community Policing liaison with the fraternities toward ameliorating the bad rep, along with prominent police patrolling on the most popular nights.  Documentation provided for organized crime, see article.  --GoDot 07:11, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

References to meet concerns expressed
By the way, thank you for really fleshing this article out, GoDot. --Lukobe 05:10, 29 June 2006 (UTC)
 * [Moved to here --GoDot 06:03, 3 July 2006 (UTC)]
 * I don't want to take more time on it, but it could be remarkably interesting to have good references from such as The Daily, the North Seattle Herald-Outlook, Real Change, Columns, the P-I, or Times* for more of the True Crime and Clockwork Orange sort of activity. Is the U Distict really so seamy?  (Broadway could be further colored in with that (in ways less dark), in the way Pioneer Square and environs south became (nationally) reputed in "Doc" Maynard's day, WWI and  WWII : ) >
 * * See above section for links, plus Columns. P-I and Times are at nwsource.com.
 * I suggest a template note in the article, and if well-sourced text doesn't show up some time after a call for it, then I suggest deleting all the unsourced stuff that leans to sordid. --GoDot 06:03, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

Style notes
Summary: +, cit, so cl, rephrased; see Talk. MoS Explication:  See Talk:Seattle, Citing sources.

Neighborhood names and boundaries are nebulous. See http://clerk.ci.seattle.wa.us/~public/about.htm in the References section.

Suggest focus on particular, relatively unique people, places, events that characterize or define, rather than listing of, say, well-known franchise outlets per se. As a distinctive, signature architectural work, the Meany Hotel is widely recognized. "Best Western University Tower" looks like product placement. "Six theatres": Grand Illusion, Metro, Neptune, Seven Gables, University, and Varsity.

WP:MoS (Manual of Style) recommends not linking year unless such is specifically relevant to the article. loitering page DNE. [Later fixed.]

The possessive form is generally conceptually awkward for inanimate objects, and so should be avoided unless some specific objective or prose structure is being served. "and designation as" can be preferable to "and the U-District's designation as" because the U-District is an inanimate, somewhat nebulous abstraction that does not in itself possess, nor, in this case, does the designation apply to more than a specific demarcation within the area--further detail that is of insufficient importance to include in the 'pedia entry. Therefore, the former construction is also more accurate. Similarly, "and Pioneer Square Downtown)" helps denote that the alcohol problem there is a Downtown problem, not exactly corresponding to the Pioneer Square neighborhood. Alcohol Impact Area is not accurately congruent with the District or The Ave.

"Due to the size of the UW Greek system" is now dwarfed by the student body as a whole. The Greek system at the UW (though prominent in media, which favors the sensational) has been mny decades in gradual decline relative to the burgeoning student population. That satellite campuses have been developed is testimony of that, as well as the RPZ effectively surrounding the UW main campus, to discourage car commuter students. Even local on- and off-campus housing greatly exceeds the populations of fraternity and sorority housing.
 * "Due to the size of the UW Greek system," what is the size? Low 1000s?  Source?  The main campus student body was recently > 39K ["Quick Facts"].

Citation needed noted where needed to distinguish from citation following.

See "Style" section in Talk:Seattle, Citing sources. "Include the punctuation mark inside the quotation marks only if the sense of the punctuation mark is part of the quotation" (WP:MoS).

Note re. Street layout of Seattle provides references for accuracy. Redundancy may be reduced.

--GoDot 07:11, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

As a distinctive, signature architectural work, the Meany Hotel is widely recognized. "Best Western University Tower" looks like product placement.
 * Yet the latter is its actual current name. --Lukobe 17:16, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Language chosen defines the realms of discourse. As with many things, there are several suitable names.  In this case, both of these are actual names; the currrent, more cumbersome one is a patent advertisement.

 * We should use the current name and note the former name. There are several actual names but only one is current. We no longer refer to Constantinople or Leningrad except in historical contexts. --Lukobe 06:16, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

Does it contribute significantly to the purpose of the article? Which of the names is most recognized and best describes with respect to the purpose of the article? Does Wikipedia realize revenue from the product placement? If not, what is the obligation to use it?

 * We should call things by their current, proper names regardless of if that name happens to incorporate the name of a company. This is not an advertisement any more than "SAFECO Plaza" is. --Lukobe 06:16, 23 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Anyway, "Best Western" does not appear on the building identification.

AFAIK, Wikipedia does not do advertising, and this exemplifies an unnecessary fudge, appropriate only in an article about the Best Western company. If Wikipedia advertises, it should choose to do so by open decision of its board, and should not do so beforehand. --GoDot 05:32, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I invite you to bring this before the board and see what they say. --Lukobe 06:16, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

Summary: fmt ref name, + ft native, librarians, + cite web, + link Shenk, + ft so congruent wrt sources; see Talk Explication:  Format , etc.; add short full text ~Dkhw’Duw’Absh, librarians 1920s, add template cite web, add link in reference Shenk, add short full text so content is congruent with respect to sources; see Discussion, which refers to this paragraph. --GoDot 07:22, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

Accuracy
Accuracy is a goal.

"[O]n the east by the Burke-Gilman Trail and 25th Avenue NE," is less accurate in that the two are parallel, therefore logically "and" doesn't apply here. Further, contiguous UW facilities are sited betweeen them, and by definition these would be in the U District. More accurately, "on the north by NE Ravenna Boulevard and NE 45th Street," is per cited reference map. "[I]s known throughout the city", since asking such as any bus driver how to get there will be recognized. ("U Village" is similarly recognized by anyone who knows the prominent city places.)

 * Both Burke-Gilman and 25th Avenue are necessary in that the Burke-Gilman is the eastern boundary south of 45th and 25th north of 45th. As for the cited reference map, I challenge its accuracy. I have a hard time including East Campus in the U-District. If anything I would consider it part of the greater U-Village neighborhood or even Montlake (listen to a sports broadcast lately?). Take away East Campus and 45th is no longer the northern limit of anything. --Lukobe 06:16, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

"[K]nown as 'The Avenue' or 'The Ave' should be denoted since it is an internal link to an integral part of the neighborhood.

 * I only removed "The Avenue"--I don't believe the street is known as such --Lukobe 06:19, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

"One-way pair" makes clear. That they are a pair is not necessarily obvious to anyone who doesn't already know. One-way streets are not necessarily immediately adjacent. Which goes which way is less essential since the pair conforms to the drive-on-the-right-side-of-the-road convention. That they are not so well-known is demonstrated by drivers occasionally going the wrong way for blocks. More accurately, only part of 15th Avenue is a principal arterial. "The sentence "are its principal" contains a redundancy; most everything in the article is about the neighborhood.

That the Street Fair is indigenous and first of its kind in itself displays the character of the neighborhood. It is particular, so therefore a proper noun. "[F]ounded in the college culture of 1968 is one of the most telling aspects of the development of the Experimental College--and the context for the creation of the Street Fair. Note the link to that particular year.  That the Blue Moon is "an unofficial landmark" is integral with what it is, and emblematic of an aspect of the neighborhood.  It didn't win historical landmark status from the Downtown-dominated City Council in part because it is blue-collar--and avowedly anti-fudd.  That Scarecrow is locally-owned further characterizes the neighborhood, in the same way that the Saturday Farmers' Market is the first of its kind and the most popular in the city.  That the Meany Hotel has a corportate name is irrelevant to its archictectural and neighborhood significance.  "The Meany Hotel" is widely recognized and as such what significance does the corporate name contribute to the purpose of the article? The name is itself only a product placement, and as such would not qualify for Neutral point of view.

 * Oh come on. NPOV violations are rife in Wikipedia, but this isn't one of them. It simply isn't the Meany Hotel anymore. That's what it was built as, and that's what you can still call it and be understood, but its name was changed. The official name should still appear at least once in any article that mentions it. I don't get it--why are you such a stickler for citations and officialdom but not in this case? --Lukobe 06:16, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

 * "its" is not the same as "indigenous". --GoDot 07:22, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

What does the modifier in "39,250-strong" contribute to the purpose of the article?

A descriptive sentence containing Street layout of Seattle is a useful link that is particularly relevant to content of metro neighborhoods articles, since such info is of particular interest to anyone wishing to navigate a city. Its codification has been a big deal in Seattle public works (cf. Phelps, Samson). The layout patterns of New York are famous. As such it is also a distinctive aspect of community character, demonstrably so with respect to that of different cultures. After the initial paragraph, "NE" is redundant; they're all NE around here. People don't much use the compass designations within a neighborhood (unless disambiguation is required). The link provides any further elaboration desired.

--GoDot 05:32, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

Boundaries
Do we really want to include "East Campus" as part of the U-District? Does the U-District really extend all the way to Surber Drive in Laurelhurst? --Lukobe 05:10, 29 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Please see footnotes of the article first paragraph, and reference to Dolan & True in Union Bay Natural Area (paragraph beginning, "The Montlake Landfill, University Dump, or Ravenna Landfill"). The three maps qualify as primary sources, Phelps drew extensively from primary sources, "HISTORY @ UBNA" cites primary sources.  UBNA is a department of the UW.  The sources are consistent.  --GoDot 06:03, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

Out of Hand
It seems to me that this article is getting a little out of hand. The references and bibliography section are longer than the article and seem to contain a bunch of subcutaneous drile. Anyways, although this article has gone through a substantial clean-up, i really think more than the surface needs to be cleaned up.--Gephart 13:03, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
 * In cases such as this, editors usually have no option but to delete all references not actually used in the footnotes. Calgacus (ΚΑΛΓΑΚΟΣ) 17:23, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
 * FYI (For your information), please see Talk:Seattle # Citing sources, 4th paragraph & on. Please see also 2 sets of paragraphs immediately preceding # About sources cited, beginning "[D]o I see".  Points of controversy, in particular, are sourced.  AFAIK (As far as I know) style is compliant with Wikipedia recommendations, referenced for convenience at above links.
 * Neighborhoods articles are, in any grand scheme, about fine points if not esoterica. AFAIK, few comprehensive sources exist, particularly primary or secondary.  --GoDot 19:16, 8 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Take it up with GoDot... :) --Lukobe 19:12, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

Citation style
This article is a mix of citation styles, with some named refs, and then inline refs, resulting in repeated references to the same thing, and in other cases, references being listed in both reference sections for the same citation. Can someone more familiar with reference styling fix this? SchmuckyTheCat (talk)

I removed a bunch of old junk references that didn't point to anything in the article, and transitioned most of the refs over to inline refs. Didn't get it 100%, but it's much better now. --Ajohns90 (talk) 10:52, 4 March 2023 (UTC)

Street fair
I thought there was an article on Street Fair already? I can't find a link to it here, so I'll start an article.

As a separate matter, because of the citation style problem above, I can't quickly lookup the reference to say it began in 1970. The first Street Fair was in 1969. I'll try and do some fixup here after starting and referencing an actual article. SchmuckyTheCat (talk)

Bruce Lee
Bruce Lee had his martial arts studio in the U-district. I'd like to find some references to give a passing mention of this. Any ideas of where to look? -- Kraftlos  (Talk | Contrib) 06:17, 10 December 2008 (UTC)

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 * University District Seattle Skyline 2023.webp

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:University District, Seattle


text:
Kol Yisrael

Kol Yisrael or Kol Israel ( lit. "Voice of Israel", also "Israel Radio") was Israel's public domestic and international radio service. It operated as a division of the Israel Broadcasting Service from 1951 to 1965, the Israel Broadcasting Authority from 1965 to 2017, and the radio stations it used to administer are currently administered by the Israeli Broadcasting Corporation.

History
Kol Yisrael was originally an underground Haganah radio station that broadcast from Tel Aviv. It started consistently broadcasting in December 1947 under the name Telem-Shamir-Boaz, and was renamed to Kol HaHagana ("Voice of the Haganah") in March 1948. With Israel's declaration of independence on May 14, 1948, it was transformed into the official station Kol Yisrael. Another station named Kol Yisrael operated in Haifa, and was renamed Kol Tzva HaHagana ("Voice of the Defense Force").

The first Kol Yisrael transmission was a live broadcast from Tel Aviv of David Ben-Gurion reading of the declaration of independence. It was operated by a department of the Ministry of the Interior responsible for domestic and international broadcasts. Responsibility for the service was later transferred to the Office of Posts and Telegraphs and then to the Prime Minister's Office.

The station inherited the facilities of the former Palestine Broadcasting Service, which had been founded as the official broadcaster of the Mandate of Palestine in 1936, and had run the Kol Yerushalayim radio station. Kol Yisrael staff was made up of both former PBS personnel and former staffers at the Haganah underground radio stations.

Kol Yisrael pioneered the use of FM transmission. In the early years, stations were operated in Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, and Haifa. The PBS had had its transmitter in Ramallah, but this transmitter was lost to Kol Yisrael due to Ramallah being in the Arab sector.

In March 1950, international broadcasting began under the name Kol Zion La Golah ("The Voice of Zion to the Diaspora.") The broadcasts were produced at Kol Yisrael by the World Zionist Organization in cooperation with the Jewish Agency, and aimed to foster communication between the Israeli state and the Jewish diaspora. The service broadcast readings from the Torah alongside documentary programs on life in Israel. In 1958, the international service was merged with the domestic broadcaster, with both services operating under the Kol Yisrael name.

Between 1958 and 1965, the "Kol Yisrael" international services expanded rapidly, inaugurating new shortwave services in Afrikaans, English, French, Hungarian, Italian, Persian, Romanian, and Yiddish. Between 1960 and 1963, the service also broadcast daily programs in English, French and Swahili for African audiences and began distributing tapes for rebroadcasting across the continent. This appeal to international audiences was closely tied to Israel's Periphery doctrine, which sought to align Israel with states on the fringes of the Middle East to avoid 'encirclement' by the Arab states and counteract international support for Palestinian nationalism. Programs on the international services ranged from news and commentary programs to competitions, documentaries and readings from the Bible and Quran. However, the technical quality of the international services was often poor beyond Israel's immediate neighbors in the Middle East.

In 1965, the Israel Broadcasting Authority, an independent public entity, was created and took over responsibility for Kol Yisrael from the Prime Minister's Office. In 1973, the IBA adopted the name Shidurei Yisrael ("Israel Broadcasting") for the service's domestic radio and television services. The name Kol Yisrael was revived for the domestic and international radio service in 1979.

Kol Yisrael's shortwave services have gradually been discontinued over time. The last remaining shortwave service, the Persian programme for Iran, ceased transmissions on June 30, 2013. However, Israel continues to broadcast international services in fourteen languages under the label of Israel Radio International.

Name: meaning and significance
A previous station named Kol Yisrael had briefly been operated by the Haganah in 1940 on the 42-meter band. However, the station was soon renamed when the Haganah decided that the Kol Yisrael name should be reserved until independence.

Besides meaning "voice of Israel", Kol Yisrael is also a wordplay which in Hebrew sounds like the phrase "all of Israel" (although spelled differently), known to many Jews as part of the Talmudic expression כל ישראל ערבים זה בזה (, roughly translated "all of Israel are responsible for one another").

An internet radio station was launched in 2014 and operated through 2015 under the name of "Voice of Israel". This station is not connected to the official Kol Yisrael run by Israel Radio International.

Broadcast channels
Current Kol Yisrael channels include:

 * Kan Tarbut ("The Culture Network"), also referred to as Kol Yisrael – General talk and cultural programming.
 * Kan Bet ("Network B") – Popular radio station with news and current affairs programming, as well as sports coverage. There are news bulletins on the hour in Hebrew.
 * Kan Gimel ("Network C") – Radio station devoted for promoting Israeli music. There are news bulletins in Hebrew at the same times as Kan Bet.
 * Makan ("Network D") – Arabic-language radio station also known as Sawt Isra'eel (in صوت إسرائيل)
 * Kan REKA (Acronym of REshet Klitat Aliya" - lit. "Immigrant absorption network") – Radio for olim (immigrants) to Israel. Broadcasts in 14 languages, including English at 0430, 1030, 1830 UTC (+1 hr during the Summer).
 * Israel Radio International – International broadcasts in 14 languages: English, French, Persian, Bukhori, Yiddish, Spanish, Maghrebi Arabic, Georgian, Amharic, Tigrinya, Ladino, Hungarian, Romanian, and Russian. The international services are currently only available via online streaming and rebroadcasts through the domestic REKA network.
 * Kan 88 – "High Quality" music (their terminology). Jazz, blues, electronic music and more, plus traffic news
 * Kan Kol Ha Musica ("The Voice of Music") – Classical music and drama.
 * Kan Moreshet ("The Heritage Network") – Religious broadcasting on Kan Tarbut's network.

There are also educational stations broadcasting via low-power transmitters from colleges and universities across Israel under the collective banner of Tachana Chinuchit.

All of Kol Israel's stations are available worldwide through streaming audio over the Internet. Live broadcasts as well as archived programs are available to listeners.

title: Kol Yisrael


text: User talk:69.120.63.31

title: User talk:69.120.63.31


text:
Andre Adams

Andre Ryan Adams (born 17 July 1975) is a New Zealand cricket coach and former cricketer of Caribbean descent. He played international cricket for New Zealand and is noted for playing in New Zealand's first T20I against Australia in 2005 where he was awarded cap number 1.

Early life and career
Andre Adams was born on 17 July 1975 in Auckland, New Zealand to a Saint Vincent and the Grenadines father and a Guyanese mother with partial Corsican ancestry.

Adams debuted at the highest level for New Zealand in March 2002, but a bout of back injuries on the West Indies tour of 2002 allowed Jacob Oram to move ahead of him in the pecking order, limiting him to one Test. Following that, question marks were raised about his attitude. He played in the 2003 World Cup, but soon lost his place again and was resigned to a life in the wilderness until he received a very late call-up to New Zealand's one-day squad in England towards the end of the 2004 NatWest Series. He didn't end up playing, but later signed with Essex for the remainder of the summer, where he stayed for the 2005 and 2006 seasons.

He had a productive 2006-07 domestic season for Auckland, claiming 32 wickets at 18.78 in New Zealand's domestic first-class State Championship and scoring 318 runs at 39.75. However, this was overshadowed by his one-month suspension for grabbing and shaking the helmet of Central Districts batsman Bevan Griggs. Along the way, Adams was recalled for three ODIs against Sri Lanka in December but was overlooked for the World Cup and lost his national contract in May 2007. He was overlooked again the following season, despite impressive performances in the State Championship, and the frustration prompted him to sign a two-year contract with the now defunct Indian Cricket League.

County cricket
In 2007, Adams signed with English county Nottinghamshire. He had a fine 2010 County Championship, topping the bowling charts for the Country with 68 Wickets including the wicket of Shivnarine Chanderpaul to seal the Title at Old Trafford on the last day of the Season. 2011 was also very productive with 550 Runs and 67 wickets from 16 matches (including 7 Five Wicket Hauls) at 22.61, placing him third on the season's overall bowling table. He was a part of the Auckland side that won the New Zealand's domestic one-day cup and Twenty20 tournament in 2010–11, and traveled with the team in September to India for the 2011 Champions League T20.

Adams had intended to end his professional career at Nottinghamshire where he had taken 334 first class wickets for an average of 24.18. He signed a three-month contract with Hampshire for the beginning of the 2015 season. Injuries limited him to only three first class appearances for Hampshire and he announced his retirement at age 39. He received high praise from his former club Nottinghamshire where he spent eight seasons for his role in inspiring younger bowlers at the club.

Coaching
In 2015 Adams joined the Auckland Cricket Club as bowling coach for the 2015/16 season. The club had a successful season and for the 2016/17 Adams was Auckland A Head Coach. In February 2024, he became the fast bowling coach of Bangladesh national cricket team.

title: Andre Adams


text: User talk:70.68.2.144

title: User talk:70.68.2.144


text:
Charter 97

Charter'97 (Хартыя'97; Хартия'97) is a declaration calling for democracy in Belarus and a pro-human rights online news outlet taking its inspiration from the declaration.

Charter
The Charter'97 declaration deliberately echoes the Czechoslovak human rights declaration Charter 77 made 20 years before. It was created on the anniversary of a referendum held in 1996 and declared:

"'devotion to the principles of independence, freedom and democracy, respect to the human rights, solidarity with everybody, who stands for elimination of dictatorial regime and restoration of democracy in Belarus'."

History
Belarusian journalist Pavał Šaramiet acted as the group's spokesman at the declaration's public launch.

Charter'97, as a citizens' human rights organisation based on the principles outlined in this document, is a non-partisan organisation which has organised protest rallies and has provided a springboard for other democratic movements in the country. It also maintains a website of news with a focus on human rights developments. The site's editor-in-chief, Natallia Radzina, received the 2011 International Press Freedom Award, "an annual recognition of courageous journalism", for her work.

On 3 September 2010, the body of the founder of Charter'97, Aleh Biabienin, was found in his house near Minsk. According to initial statements by the Belarusian government, Biabienin committed suicide by hanging himself. However, friends of Biabienin have rejected this, stating that there was no indication he was planning to commit suicide, and that there were no messages or notes left behind.

In the weeks following the disputed December 2010 presidential election – in which pro-democracy candidate Andrej Sańnikaŭ lost to Lukashenko, often called "Europe's last dictator" – a number of opposition protesters took to the streets, alleging fraud. Radzina and the Charter'97 staff posted numerous articles documenting arrests and injuries to the protesters by state security forces. On 21 December 2010, the Charter'97 office was raided by agents of the State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus (known in Russian as the "KGB"). Radzina only had time to post "We're all at the KGB" on the site before being arrested and taken away.

On 30 December 2011, Charter'97 fell victim to a hacking attack that deleted archives and posted false news articles to the site; it also suffered a denial of service attack.

In 2020, the logo was changed to display "Charter'97%", referencing the fact that according to opposition groups, internet polling shows that support for President Lukashenko is low enough to be a statistical error, or around 3%. The phrase "97%" had become a rallying symbol of the opposition.

In August 2022, the Belarusian authorities recognized Charter’97 as an extremist group. Earlier in 2021-2022, the Telegram channel, logo, website and pages of the Charter on social networks were included in the list of extremist materials.

On July 31, 2023, the European Parliament passed a resolution in which it asks the European Commission and the Member States, to strengthen Belarusian media outlets, such as Charter 97.

title: Charter 97


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/CoCreate

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 11:36, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

CoCreate
Appears to be a slightly disguised form of promotional advertisement. The page has not been cleaned up since the tag was added back in April. WP:NOT advertising -> Delete. RJH 21:36, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per nom.  Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk  21:42, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; poorly disguised advertising. Bunchofgrapes 22:36, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. To my mind, so clearly an adv that should have been speedied. Gtabary 22:42, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. As per nom.  Noisy | Talk 22:54, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. As per nomination. Qaz  ( talk ) 23:48, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Category:Candidates in the 1929 Mexican presidential election


text:
Enucleation of the eye

Enucleation is the removal of the eye that leaves the eye muscles and remaining orbital contents intact. This type of ocular surgery is indicated for a number of ocular tumors, in eyes that have sustained severe trauma, and in eyes that are otherwise blind and painful.

Self-enucleation or auto-enucleation (oedipism) and other forms of serious self-inflicted eye injury are an extremely rare form of severe self-harm that usually results from mental illnesses involving acute psychosis. The name comes from Oedipus of Greek mythology, who gouged out his own eyes.

Classification
There are three types of eye removal:
 * Evisceration – removal of the iris, lens, and internal eye contents, but with the sclera and attached extraocular muscles left behind
 * Enucleation of the eye - removal of the eyeball, but with the eyelids and adjacent structures of the eye socket remaining. An intraocular tumor excision requires an enucleation, not an evisceration.
 * Exenteration – removal of the contents of the eye socket, including the eyeball, fat, muscles, and other adjacent structures of the eye. The eyelids may also be removed in cases of cutaneous cancers and unrelenting infection. Exenteration is sometimes done together with maxillectomy (removal of the maxilla).

Indications

 * Cancer of the eye, such as retinoblastoma and uveal melanoma
 * Congenital cystic eye
 * End-stage glaucoma
 * Phthisis bulbi
 * In cases of sympathetic ophthalmia (inflammation of the eye) to prevent travel to the other eye, which, if untreated, can cause blindness
 * Constant infection in a blind or otherwise useless eye
 * Painful, blind eye
 * Severe injury of the eye when the eye cannot be saved or attempts to save the eye have failed, such as after a globe rupture
 * In a deceased person, so the cornea can be used for a living person who needs a corneal transplant by a surgical operation called keratoplasty

Orbital implants and ocular prostheses
Removal of the eye by enucleation or evisceration can relieve pain and minimize further risk to life and well-being of an individual with the above noted conditions. In addition, procedures to remove the eye should address the resultant appearance of the orbit. Orbital implants and ocular prostheses are used by the surgeon to restore a more natural appearance.

An orbital implant is placed after removal of the eye to restore volume to the eye socket and enhance movement or motility of an ocular prosthesis and eyelids. The eyeball is a slightly elongated sphere with a diameter of approximately 24 millimetres. To avoid a sunken appearance to the eye socket, an implant approximating this volume can be placed into the space of the removed eye, secured, and covered with Tenon's capsule and conjunctiva. Implants can be made of many materials with the most common being hydroxylapatite, metal alloy, acrylic, or glass.

Later, once the conjunctiva have healed and post-operative swelling has subsided, an ocular prosthesis can be placed to provide the appearance of a natural eye. The prosthesis is fabricated by an ocularist. Its form is that of a cupped disc so that it can fit comfortably in the pocket behind the eyelids overlying the conjunctiva that covers the orbital implant. The external portion of the ocular prosthesis is painted and finished to mimic a natural eye color, shape and luster. It can be removed and cleaned periodically by the individual or a care giver.

The two part system of orbital implant and ocular prosthesis provides a stable, and well tolerated aesthetic restoration of the eye socket. Although vision is not restored by removal of the eye with placement of an orbital implant and ocular prosthesis, a natural appearance can result. The implant, along with the attached, visible ocular prosthesis, can be moved by intact extraocular muscles that will track or move simultaneously with the other eye. The eyelids are able to move and blink over the prosthesis as well.

title: Enucleation of the eye


text: User talk:84.66.147.157

title: User talk:84.66.147.157