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Hope Larson

Hope Raue Larson (born 1982) is an American illustrator and cartoonist. Her main field is comic books.

Personal life and education
Larson grew up in Asheville, North Carolina, and attended Carolina Day School. Upon graduation from high school, she matriculated at Rochester Institute of Technology and then transferred to the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, where she graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 2004. She then moved to Toronto with her husband, Canadian cartoonist Bryan Lee O'Malley. In 2005, they moved to Halifax, Nova Scotia.

From 2008 until 2010, Larson and O'Malley lived in Asheville, North Carolina. They relocated to Los Angeles, California. She and O'Malley divorced in 2014. She returned to Asheville, where she currently lives.

Career
While Larson was in college, Scott McCloud took an interest in her illustrations, encouraging her to create comics. Soon after, she was invited to the webcomics anthology site Girlamatic and produced her first professional comic, a web serial entitled I Was There & Just Returned. Afterwards, Larson concentrated on a number of small, hand-made minicomics, combining her interests in comics, screenprinting, and bookmaking.

She contributed to comics anthologies Flight, True Porn 2, and You Ain't No Dancer, while working on a web-serialized graphic novel, Salamander Dream. This eventually became her first full-length book, published by AdHouse Books in September 2005; she moved to Oni Press for her second graphic novel, Gray Horses (released March 2006).

In 2006, Larson signed a two-book contract with New York publishing house Simon & Schuster. The first book under this deal, Chiggers (released June 18, 2008, under the Atheneum Books Ginee Seo imprint), is a graphic novel about "nerdy teenaged girls" who meet at summer camp. Chiggers is intended for a 9- to 12-year-old audience.

In 2012, Larson adapted Madeleine L'Engle's work as A Wrinkle in Time: The Graphic Novel, published by Margaret Ferguson Books (a Farrar Straus Giroux imprint). In 2016, Larson became the new writer for DC Comics Batgirl, a run that saw the character go on back-packing trip through Asia on a voyage of self-discovery.

In addition to comics, Larson has worked as a freelance illustrator for various clients, including the New York Times.

She has worked as a letterer on such books as Brian Wood and Ryan Kelly's Local.

Larson's book All Summer Long was released by Farrar Straus Giroux in the spring of 2018.

Publishing
In 2006, Larson launched her own publishing imprint, Tulip Tree Press. She has released several minicomics and prints through the Tulip Tree website; the only book released under the Tulip Tree name was House of Sugar, an award-winning collection of Rebecca Kraatz's comic strip, released 15 November 2006.

Acclaim
Larson was nominated for the 2006 Kim Yale Award for Best New Female Talent, and won the 2006 Ignatz Award in the category Promising New Talent. In 2007, Larson won the Eisner Award for Special Recognition (formerly known as "Talent Deserving of Wider Recognition"). She won the Eisner Award again in 2012 for her A Wrinkle in Time adaptation.

Rebecca Kraatz's House of Sugar, Larson's first publishing venture, won the 2007 Doug Wright Award for Best Emerging Talent.

All Summer Long was a Kirkus Reviews Best Book of 2018.

Mainstream comic book work

 * Batgirl, DC Comics, 2016–2018, with Rafael Albuquerque

Graphic novels

 * Salamander Dream. AdHouse Books, 2005
 * Gray Horses. Oni Press, 2006
 * Chiggers. Atheneum Books, 2008
 * Mercury. Atheneum Books, 2010
 * A Wrinkle in Time. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012
 * Who is AC with Tintin Pantoja. [Athenum Books], 2013
 * Four Points series
 * Compass South, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2016
 * Knife's Edge, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017
 * Goldie Vance with Brittney Williams. Boom! Studios, 2016
 * Eagle Rock series
 * All Summer Long, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2018
 * All Together Now, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2020
 * All My Friends, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2021

Selected short stories and minicomics

 * "Sex Rainbow," March 2004 (originally printed as a deck of cards)
 * "Compound Eye," April 2004
 * "Weather Vain," August 2004 (originally printed in Flight Vol. 2)
 * "Mud," February 2005 (originally printed in You Ain't No Dancer #1)
 * "Little House in the Big Woods," August 2006 (originally printed in the New York Times)
 * "When I Was A Slut," March 2006 (published in Project: Romantic)
 * "Henry and Elizabeth," July 2007 (printed in the New York Times, and later expanded to a minicomic)
 * "Cosplay," February 2018 (published by Dark Horse Books in Secret Loves of Geeks)

title: Hope Larson


text:
Talk:O Captain! My Captain!

Dead poets society
Should we include, as a margin note, that this poem is used in the movie Dead Poets Society?

Dboonz (talk) 08:52, 17 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Thank you, Dboonz, and thank you, Wikipedia. I came to this article to find just that information. But, knowing Wiki's advice against trivia sections, I figured I'd find what I was looking for in the Article Discussion page. And, voila, here it is! Thanks. Jsharpminor (talk) 18:26, 21 February 2009 (UTC)
 * And now allow me to contribute something useful... Per Wikipedia's policy - articles are about their subjects. This is both useful and appropriate in the Dead Poets Society page, but seems to be unrelated to this article. Jsharpminor (talk) 05:06, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

Capitalization
Just wondering why the quoted version of the poem has capitalization altered from the original? Joshr915 (talk) 06:30, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

This page needs some fixin'
There is not much here except the poem itself and some references to it. Needs quite a bit of work. VonWoland 06:50, 13 February 2006 (UTC)
 * If no one else does it, I'll do it over the summer :P Mathwhiz 29 (talk) —Preceding comment was added at 02:36, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

The audio file could do with replacing as there are some pronunciation errors. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.104.151.45 (talk) 21:27, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

Not only pronunciation errors. The VOICE is not appropriate, I think. Ok, Whitman perhaps had a similarvoice according to what I have read somewhere, but I would rather listen to a manlier, deep, voice. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.43.187.162 (talk) 04:29, 5 December 2008 (UTC)

Excellent Edit!
Good job, 66.71.35.223, whomever you are. You picked up on several typo's in the text of the poem that I missed, in spite of a fairly long time scuitinizning it. VonWoland 02:23, 26 March 2006 (UTC)
 * snigger* --Kizor 20:01, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

Differences
It would appear that the accepted version of the poem -- the one on this page and in my copy of Leaves of Grass -- differs slightly from the final proof pictured on this page: most notably the line in the third stanza "But I with mournful tread" appears as "But I with silent tread". Whitman was known for making changes to his earlier poetry later in life: is this an example? 24.0.97.119 22:10, 27 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Yeah, as the caption for the picture says it is his original copy, which was published in 1855, the year the first version of Leaves of Grass came out; he later revised it in 1871 and again in 1888. ;) Mathwhiz 29 (talk) 02:32, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

Crampt Full Text Layout
The full text given doesn't employ any new lines, as it should according to the givin photograph. Might we reorganize it thus? : - ''O Captain! my Captain! our fearful trip is done;

''The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won;

''The port is near, the bells I hear, the people all exulting,

''While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring:

 * ''But O heart! heart! heart!
 * ''O the bleeding drops of red,
 * ''Where on the deck my Captain lies,
 * ''Fallen cold and dead.

''O Captain! my Captain! rise up and hear the bells;

''Rise up—for you the flag is flung—for you the bugle trills;

''For you bouquets and ribbon’d wreaths—for you the shores a-crowding;

''For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning;
 * ''Here Captain! dear father!
 * ''This arm beneath your head;
 * ''It is some dream that on the deck,
 * ''You’ve fallen cold and dead.

''My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;

''My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;

''The ship is anchor’d safe and sound, its voyage closed and done;

''From fearful trip, the victor ship, comes in with object won;
 * ''Exult, O shores, and ring, O bells!
 * ''But I, with mournful tread,
 * ''Walk the deck my Captain lies,
 * ''Fallen cold and dead.

I know nothing about the poem, so I'm waiting for 48 hours before replacing the version in the articale. Comments, anybody? -- $^{Jonathan}$undefined$^{Sch}$ä$^{fer}$. 05:12, 21 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Cool :P Mathwhiz 29 (talk) 02:34, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I'd rather you format it that way. Looks more like a poem, if you know what I mean. Randolf+slayer (talk) 22:59, 17 February 2009 (UTC)

Copyright
The copyright should state that the poem itself has lapsed into the public domain and is not under GFDL. Drbits (talk) 18:09, 22 May 2008 (UTC)

Reduction in size
This article was much bigger in June. Why is it that everything except the lead, text, and audio has been deleted? Wikisource now has more background information than this article. --Dromioofephesus (talk) 12:50, 29 October 2008 (UTC)
 * I was wondering about that myself. The Background & Analysis section was removed in June, and I have now restored it. --A More Perfect Onion (talk) 13:40, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

Citation needed
The line in particular is "As the voyage ends, so does the captain's life", which the poem depicted to the side clearly states. Unless the problem is with the implied link between the voyage and the captain's life, or with the timing of the captain's death, the "citation needed" should be removed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Andr0o (talk • contribs) 04:02, 10 February 2009 (UTC)

Edit request on 14 April 2013
The poem was also used in the show Full House.

72.28.208.41 (talk) 23:10, 14 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Sorry this is not notable. I, and probably many others, have never heard of a show called "Full House". Graham Colm (talk) 23:21, 14 April 2013 (UTC)
 * It doesn't matter whether you or "many others" have heard of it; lists of popular culture references simply aren't appropriate for articles. 70.172.214.70 (talk) 20:57, 12 May 2013 (UTC)

Fan Simulations
This poem is also being used in the USS Avalon Star Trek Simulation — Preceding unsigned comment added by Simchadude (talk • contribs) 13:29, 23 May 2013 (UTC)

Edit request on 10 September 2013
Reference to this poem is also made in SUITS, the TV-series

81.129.244.125 (talk) 10:53, 10 September 2013 (UTC)
 * No reference, plus we do try to avoid adding uses in non-vital/non-notable ways. A mention on a TV episode is not notable in its own right  ES  &L  11:34, 10 September 2013 (UTC)

Analysis section is terrible
The analysis section is poorly written. It reads like a high school essay.

Furthermore, since the central metaphor of the poem is so obvious, much of the "analysis" is unnecessary. It's enough to simply state that it's about Lincoln (as the introduction does).

I don't have or want a Wikipedia account, so I can't delete the section. The only useful information in the analysis is that the rhyming is unusual for Whitman. That should be moved to the introduction. 98.218.180.142 (talk) 01:18, 25 September 2013 (UTC)

Edit request on 12 October 2013 to the "O Captain! My Captain" page.
In the information about References in Pop Culture, I wish to add Wander Over Yonder to the list of shows that have used the "O Captain! My Captain" line within their show.

HayaMika (talk) 04:04, 12 October 2013 (UTC)

 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. If you can help with sources to the others listed, that would be great, too. As it is, uncited information like this runs the risk of being deleted. --Stfg (talk) 11:58, 12 October 2013 (UTC)

Justification needed
It may be true that 'The poem was known as one of the greatest poems written at the time of the Civil War.' But still it needs justifying. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.185.216.206 (talk) 19:27, 12 October 2013 (UTC)

 * Yeah. And that will be hard, since it depends on agreeing what constitues greatness in a poem. It could run and run ;) Deleted. --Stfg (talk) 20:41, 12 October 2013 (UTC)

format assistance needed
I've just made an edit to the 'in popular culture' section to enhance the reference to this work in the TV show Park and Recreation. The main article links to the correct wikipedia page (on the fictional company 'sweetums') but I did not know how to make this 'tidy'. It currently has an ugly full URL. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Adagio67 (talk • contribs) 20:43, 20 June 2014 (UTC)
 * I have fixed the formatting, but I think the whole of the "In popular culture" section is uncited trivia and should be deleted. Graham Colm (talk) 22:21, 20 June 2014 (UTC)

The formatting does not look right (though the links are all correct). currently it's "Parks and Recreation, and as proposed eulogy to Ron Swanson, in series 2 episode 14 of Sweetums (Parks and Recreation)", it should read  Parks and Recreation, as a proposed eulogy to Ron Swanson, in series 2 episode 14, "Sweetums"," . (Sweetums is the episode name and has it's own page, as do the character mentioned and the series itself). I've done what corrections I could
 * I haven't a clue as to what you are trying to say. Graham Colm (talk) 21:41, 21 June 2014 (UTC)

I'm not sure what you mean by 'uncited'. this 'in popular culture' section appears to describe clearly where the poem is referred to/used in popular culture and as such I believe it is of interest and should remain. Not being an American, I was not familiar with it until it was referenced in P&R which, having looked it up and found this page, led to my clarifying the mention of that reference here Adagio67 (talk) 16:58, 21 June 2014 (UTC)
 * It still needs referencing to a reliable source. Graham Colm (talk) 21:41, 21 June 2014 (UTC)

Style of the "Analysis" section
The line by line analysis seems to be too lengthy and unnecessarily detailed - much like a teacher teaching in a class. Could it be written differently? ''Prabhakar Sarma Neog'' (talk) 08:26, 28 June 2014 (UTC)

placement of analysis
Imho, it would make more sense if we put the analysis after the text of the poem?--little Alex (talk) 05:14, 22 June 2017 (UTC)

Removed from article
The following doesn't fit in the article, but am pasting here for posterity: Eddie891 Talk Work 22:05, 1 November 2020 (UTC) When the publisher Harper requested to reprint the poem in a school course reader, Whitman said "It's My Captain again; always My Captain," and wrote that he told John Swinton he was sorry he wrote the poem "but there's no help for it now: let's resign ourselves to the inevitable!"

Nautical allusion to Nelson's death
I am having trouble finding reliable secondary sources to support the allusions to Nelson's death that I personally feel every time I hear the poem.

The Religious imagery section provides citations to Schöberlein's contrived interpretation that:"The poem's speaker places its 'arm beneath [Lincoln's] head' in the same way that 'Mary cradled Jesus' after his crucifixion. With Lincoln's death, 'the sins of America are absolved into a religio-sentimental, national family'" There is no support for the implication that Whitman was aware of Correggio's 1525 Deposition.

Yet there is no mention of the simpler interpretation that the imagery of the speaker's arm beneath the head could be based on the image found here which clearly shows an arm beneath the head at. It is more likely that Whitman has seen images like this 1841 publication that fit much better with the nautical imagery of the poem.

It is interesting to note that even if the analysis at "Penny's poetry pages Wiki" came from a source more reliable than fandom.com, it could not be "quoted". Nelson is never mentioned in the text. Simply displaying the image next to the relevant stanzas has a much more powerful effect (at least on me) than the "Religious imagery" section. Annette Maon (talk) 11:38, 19 October 2021 (UTC)

 * The difference is that a secondary source references Correggio's Deposition, while secondary analysis doesn't substantiate a connection to that image (I've been looking in to some analysis of nelson and the nautical allusions-- there isn't much. While you are welcome to criticize Schöberlein's interpretation all you want, he is a respected scholar and his opinion isn't going anywhere, regardless of what you may "personally feel"-- I bet many people hear many things when listening to the poem. I'm not sure exactly what you want here, we cannot just add an image without sourcing to support its connection. YOu're welcome to find reliable sources establishing this connection. Eddie891 Talk Work 12:43, 19 October 2021 (UTC)

I am not suggesting that Schöberlein's interpretation should go anywhere. As I have no access to his analysis I assume good faith on the part of the editor who added that section. The religious imagery can be relevant and notable even if Whitman had never seen Correggio's painting. The connection to the poem may not be as explicit as the nautical imagery but as long as the secondary source supports it - it is not going anywhere. The only secondary source that I found with explicit reference to Nelson's death and Whitman's nautical background makes no specific mention of the image which I found at a fandom site. I can not prove a direct link between the two but it seems more likely to me that Whitman might have seen that image (or something like it) in an English book published in 1841 than that he saw a color reproduction of an Italian painting at a time when the technology to reproduce such paintings did not yet exist.

I agree that we can not just add an image without a secondary source to support the connection. It would be nice if someone could find better sources. In the meantime, is the reference I did find to Nelson's death reliable enough to support the connection based on the title of the image? Annette Maon (talk) 23:09, 19 October 2021 (UTC)

Rasel khan @ 2409:40E6:2B:6F69:78B3:2FB1:925D:DD13 (talk) 17:22, 11 July 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:O Captain! My Captain!


text:
Cañada de Gómez

Cañada de Gómez is a city in the. It is the head town of the Iriondo Department and is located about 67 km west of Rosario and 224 km from the provincial capital, on National Route 9. It has a population of about 29,000 inhabitants.

The town was founded in 1869 by Guillermo Perkins, and became a city on 7 October 1922.

title: Cañada de Gómez


text:
Judgement Days

Judgement Days is the second studio album by English singer and rapper Ms. Dynamite. It was released on 3 October 2005 by Polydor Records. Chink Santana, Stephen Marsden, Christian Karlsson, and Lil Wayne collaborated on several tracks.

Themes
Judgement Days is similar to Ms. Dynamite's first work, drawing inspiration from a number of personal themes in her life as a basis for humane political commentary in a climate of increasing paranoia. However, it also supposedly reflected the fact she had matured as a performer, including having performed at Live 8 earlier that year.

Commercial performance
Upon its release in the United Kingdom and Ireland in October 2005, the album peaked at number 43 on the UK Albums Chart, spending two weeks on the chart. It was not promoted well in Europe or Australia, and later that year Polydor officially dropped Ms. Dynamite from the record label.

Critical reception
On Metacritic, Judgement Days has a score of 59 out of 100 from seven reviews, indicating "mixed or average" reception. Jon O'Brien, writing for AllMusic, gave the album two-and-a-half out of five stars. He criticised its themes and tone, saying "the pure anger and constant preaching on Judgement Days makes you feel like you're being repeatedly battered over the head at a highly fraught protest march...overall, Judgement Days is a disappointing follow-up to its predecessor, which managed to address difficult issues without descending into self-indulgence and self-righteousness. The carefree party sound of her two-step garage beginnings seems a long, long time ago".

Reviewing the album for NME, Dan Martin wrote that "There's a fine, fine line between angry punk and sanctimonious nagging that's crossed too often here", naming "Back Then" the stand-out track because it is "gleefully nostalgic". Martin still found the beats "slick and the vocals flawless" and called Dynamite "a brilliant, precocious talent – just one moving too slowly, and in the wrong direction".

Matilda Egere-Cooper of the BBC opined that "the intensity of [Dynamite's] strop overshadows the album's lighter touches", finding it to have an "overall 'down' feel". Egere-Cooper nonetheless concluded that "Dynamite hasn't lost her values, and it's this that makes Judgement Days a worthwhile, if not entirely satisfying, album".

Track listing

 * 1) "Judgement Day" – 4:23
 * 2) "Father" – 3:56
 * 3) "Put Your Gun Away" (featuring Sincere) – 4:11
 * 4) "Back Then" – 3:47
 * 5) "Fall in Love Again" – 3:32
 * 6) "Not Today" – 3:32
 * 7) "You Don't Have to Cry" (featuring Lil Wayne) – 4:46
 * 8) "Unbreakable" – 3:30
 * 9) "Pain" – 4:23
 * 10) "Shavaar" – 4:08
 * 11) "Gotta Let It Go" – 4:12
 * 12) "She Don't Live Here Anymore" (featuring Chink Santana) – 5:00
 * 13) "Mr Prime Minister" – 4:45

Limited edition
Disc one
 * 1) "Self Destruct" (featuring Assassin) – 4:49
 * 2) "Gotta Let It Go" – 4:12
 * 3) "She Don't Live Here Anymore" (featuring Chink Santana) – 5:00
 * 4) "Mr Prime Minister" – 4:45
 * 5) "Redemption Song" – 3:08

Disc two
 * 1) "Judgement Day" (video)
 * 2) "Father" (video)

title: Judgement Days


text: User talk:69.146.33.130

title: User talk:69.146.33.130


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User:Plankhead

I agree to multi-license all my contributions to Wikipedia, under the Main and talk namespaces, as described below:

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title: User:Plankhead


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Sebastian Roché

Sebastian Roché (born 4 August 1964 ) is a French-American actor. He is known for his roles as Kurt Mendel in Odyssey 5, Jerry Jacks in General Hospital, Thomas Jerome Newton in Fringe, Balthazar in Supernatural, Mikael in both The Vampire Diaries and The Originals, and Reichsminister Martin Heusmann in The Man in the High Castle.

Roché has appeared in the films The Last of the Mohicans (1992); The Peacemaker (1997); 15 Minutes (2001); Sorry, Haters (2005); The Namesake (2006); New York City Serenade (2007); Beowulf (2007); Happy Tears (2009); Safe House (2012); Wer (2013); A Walk Among the Tombstones (2014); and We Love You, Sally Carmichael! (2017). He also starred in the Broadway plays Salome (1992) and The Green Bird (2000).

Early life
Roché was born in Paris to a Scottish mother, Gail (née Stewart), and a French father, Philippe Roché. From age 12 to 18, Roché lived on a sailboat with his parents and brothers, travelling to the Mediterranean, Africa, South America, and the Caribbean. He is fluent in French, English, German, Spanish and Italian.

Roché was educated at the Lycée International de St Germain en Laye. He then studied acting at the Cours Florent in Paris and the École Nationale Supérieure des Arts et Techniques du Théâtre, and also attended the prestigious French National Academy of Dramatic Arts or CNSAD, from which he graduated in 1989. He moved to New York City in 1992.

Career
Roché began his acting career in the made-for-television film The Murders in the Rue Morgue, appearing opposite Ian McShane and Val Kilmer, which aired on CBS on 7 December 1986. Throughout the late 1980s, he had roles in French television and cinema, including the films Adieu je t'aime (1988), La Queue de la comète (1988), La Révolution française (1989), and A Woman's Revenge (1990), and the television series Bonjour maître (1987) and The Hitchhiker (19891991).

Roché also has an extensive classical theatre background, notably starring in Salome (1992) with Al Pacino at the Circle in the Square Theatre; Titus Andronicus (1994) with the Theatre for a New Audience, directed by Julie Taymor; Macbeth (1994) at the Classic Stage Company, directed by Jack Stehlin; and Arms and the Man (1995) in Hartford, Connecticut, directed by Mark Lamos. He appeared in a supporting role in the Daniel Day-Lewis-starring historical epic The Last of the Mohicans, which was released in the United States on 25 September 1992. On American television, he appeared in Loving (1992), South Beach (1993), New York Undercover (1996), Swift Justice (1996), and Liberty! (1997).

In 1997, Roché was part of the main cast in the Fox fantasy adventure series Roar, playing the role of Saint Longinus. He starred opposite Heath Ledger and Vera Farmiga. The series was cancelled due to low ratings later that same year. Roché's many 1990s television credits include recurring and guest starring stints in series such as Feds (1997), Dellaventura (1997), Sex and the City (1998), Merlin (1998), Law & Order (1993 & 1999), and Big Apple (2001). In 1998, he returned to the stage in the Off-Broadway production of Trainspotting at the Players Theater. In 2000, he portrayed Prince Renzo in the Broadway production of The Green Bird at the Cort Theatre. The play marked his second collaboration with director Julie Taymor. That same year, he appeared in the television film The Crossing opposite Jeff Daniels, which aired on A&E on 10 January 2000. He also had a minor role in the thriller film 15 Minutes starring Robert De Niro, released on 9 March 2001.

In 2002, Roché began portraying Kurt Mendel in the Canadian science fiction series Odyssey 5 for Showtime. He remained in the role until the show's cancellation a year later. In the pilot episode, he spoke French. He also guest starred in episodes of Touching Evil (2004), Charmed (2005), Alias (2005), CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (2005), and The Unit (2006). Roché then co-starred in the Mira Nair-directed drama film The Namesake, released on 9 March 2007, and in the Darby Crash biopic What We Do Is Secret, released on 8 August 2008. He subsequently co-starred with Freddie Prinze, Jr. the comedy-drama New York City Serenade, which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on 13 September 2007.

Roché next starred in the motion capture epic fantasy film Beowulf, alongside Anthony Hopkins and Angelina Jolie, which was directed by Robert Zemeckis and released to cinemas on 16 November 2007. He reprised his role as Wulfgar from the film in the accompanying video game Beowulf: The Game, released on 13 November 2007. In 2007, Roché began appearing in the ABC soap opera General Hospital as terrorist/criminal Jerry Jacks. Roché returned to the series in a recurring capacity. He starred in a total of 319 episodes, and has spoken Russian, Spanish, and French in the series.

In 2009, Roché guest starred in The Mentalist as Shirali Arlov, and as John Quinn in both 24: Redemption (2008), and the 2009 season of 24. He then appeared in the comedy-drama film Happy Tears with Demi Moore and Parker Posey, released on 19 February 2010, and lent his voice to the animated film The Adventures of Tintin, directed by Steven Spielberg and released on 21 December 2011. In 2010, Roché joined the recurring cast of The CW's drama series Supernatural. He starred in six episodes of the sixth season as Balthazar, a rogue angel and longtime friend of fellow angel Castiel. He was next cast in the Fox science fiction drama series Fringe, recurring in the second and third seasons as Thomas Jerome Newton, the leader of an army of shapeshifters from a parallel universe and a main antagonist of the series.

In 2011, Roché began recurring as Mikael, the father of the Original Vampires, in The CW's supernatural drama series The Vampire Diaries. He then recurred as Clyde Easter in the CBS procedural crime drama series Criminal Minds. Roché next had a supporting role in the action-thriller film Safe House, starring Ryan Reynolds and Denzel Washington, which was released on 10 February 2012. Also in 2012, he made a guest appearance in NBC's procedural fantasy drama series Grimm. In 2013, he made a guest appearance on Burn Notice playing Roger Steele. He then starred in William Brent Bell's horror film Wer, released first in Japan on 16 November 2013.

From 2014 to 2015, and continuing through 2018, Roché reprised his role as Mikael in The Vampire Diaries spin-off series, The Originals. Roché then starred in the American crime thriller film A Walk Among the Tombstones alongside Liam Neeson, released on 19 September 2014. In March 2014, he joined ABC's political drama series Scandal in a recurring capacity. In December 2014, it was announced that Roché would guest star in season four of ABC's fairy tale drama series Once Upon a Time as King Stefan. Roché starred as Pierre Curie in an episode of the documentary miniseries The Mystery of Matter: Search for the Elements, which aired on PBS on 19 August 2015. Roché then guest starred in season seven of CBS' procedural drama series NCIS: Los Angeles, as Lee Ashman.

In 2016, Roché co-starred as Cardinal Michel Marivaux in Paolo Sorrentino's drama series The Young Pope, alongside Jude Law and James Cromwell. He also had a starring role in the second and third season of Amazon Video's drama series The Man in the High Castle as Martin Heusmann, the estranged Nazi father of main character Joe Blake (Luke Kleintank). Roché co-starred in Christopher Gorham's directorial debut comedy We Love You, Sally Carmichael! (2017), portraying film star Perry Quinn, alongside Gorham and Bitsie Tulloch. He then appeared as Emile Gilot, the father of French painter Françoise Gilot, in the second season of the National Geographic anthology series Genius. Roché performed in a modern-day adaptation of the Molière play Tartuffe, making his West End theatre debut as Orgon. He portrayed Klaus Jager in the war film Burning at Both Ends, opposite Cary Elwes and Judd Hirsch. He appeared in Tides directed by Tim Felhbaum opposite Iain Glen and Nora Arnezeder as well as the Michael Bay film 6 Underground with Ryan Reynolds for Netflix. He recurred as Dr. Ethan Campbell in the CW series Batwoman. He also guest starred as Hannibal Teague in the series Macgyver in 2020.

By 2021 he was recurring in both the NBC sci fi drama Debris as the enigmatic MI6 agent Brill and in the ABC drama Big Sky as the corrupt Sheriff John Wagy.

He appeared in Heatwave opposite Kat Graham, and the independent film Lone Star Bull as Chuck Moore. Roché also shot the NBC pilot Getaway and can also be seen in Guillermo del Toro's Cabinet of Curiosities as Roland, opposite Tim Blake-Nelson.

In the Paramount+ TV series 1923, the sequel to Taylor Sheridan's critically acclaimed 1883, he appears as Father Renaud, a French Roman Catholic priest and the abusive headmaster of the Catholic boarding school.

Roché appeared opposite Kim Soo-Hyun and Kim Ji-Won in the highest rated K-drama of 2024, Queen of Tears as Dr Liam Braun.

Roché was cast as a series regular in the new Netflix series Gringo Hunters set in Mexico.

Personal life
Roché met American actress Vera Farmiga while co-starring with her in the Fox series Roar. They eloped to the Bahamas after the series ended in 1998, and lived on a 125-acre estate in Upstate New York. After seven years of marriage, Roché and Farmiga separated in 2004.

On 31 May 2014, he married Korean Australian actress Alicia Hannah-Kim at the Chateau Les Bouysses in Mercuès, France.

Roché is an American citizen.

title: Sebastian Roché


text:
Talk:Judgement Days

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text:
1927 Yugoslav Football Championship

The 1927 National Championship (Serbo-Croato-Slovenian: Državno prvenstvo 1927. / Државно првенство 1927.) was the first year in which the championship was played in a league system, with Hajduk Split being the first national league champion. Newcomer BSK Beograd replaced Jugoslavija Beograd as Serbia's top-performing club, this was due to half of the Jugoslavija players switching clubs to play for BSK. Hajduk and second-place club BSK entered the 1927 Mitropa Cup.

Qualifiers
For the final stage of the national championship, the clubs were qualified through their subassociation competitions, although this year, the major subassociations of Belgrade and Zagreb gave each two teams for the qualifying stage, qualifying the subassociation champions directly, while the second placed will participate in a qualifying round. Hajduk Split also qualified directly as Cup winner, while the champions of the rest of the subassociations played the qualifying round.

The representatives were:

 * Subassociation of Belgrade: BSK Belgrade (qualified directly) and SK Jugoslavija
 * Subassociation of Zagreb: HAŠK (qualified directly) and Građanski Zagreb
 * Subassociation of Ljubljana: Ilirija
 * Subassociation of Osijek: Hajduk Osijek
 * Subassociation of Sarajevo: SAŠK
 * Subassociation of Split: Hajduk Split
 * Subassociation of Subotica: SAND Subotica

Qualifying round:
 * Ljubljana, May 26: Ilirija – Građanski 5:0
 * Sarajevo, May 29: SAŠK – Jugoslavija 2:1
 * Osijek, May 29: Hajduk Osijek – SAND 2:2

The qualified teams were Ilirija, SAŠK and SAND. The elimination of Građanski and Jugoslavija, both former national champions, was a major surprise. The qualification was played only in one round. As Hajduk Osijek and SAND ended tied in their match, an additional match between them was played in Osijek on May 30 which qualified SAND.

Top scorers
Final goalscoring position, number of goals, player/players and club.
 * 1 - 6 goals - Kuzman Sotirović (BSK Belgrade)
 * 2 - 4 goals - Antun Bonačić, Vinko Radić (both Hajduk Split), Branko Zinaja (HAŠK)

Winning squad
Champions:

HAJDUK SPLIT (coach: Luka Kaliterna)

 * Otmar Gazzari
 * Renzo Gazzari
 * Ivan Montana
 * Miroslav Dešković
 * Mihovil Borovčić Kurir
 * Veljko Poduje
 * Šime Poduje
 * Leo Lemešić
 * Mirko Bonačić
 * Antun Bonačić
 * Vinko Radić
 * Petar Borovčić Kurir

title: 1927 Yugoslav Football Championship


text: Category:Transport in Sri Lanka

title: Category:Transport in Sri Lanka


text:
Talk:Reaver (Firefly)

Reaver population percentage
At least two attempts have been made to change the Reaver percentage of the population from "0.1%" to "10%". We need to be sure of the facts before we do edits like these. I have reverted the latest edit based on the following passage from the novel:
 * There are people — not people. About a tenth of a percent had the opposite reaction to the Pax.

"A tenth of a percent" is 1/10 of 1.0%, or 0.1%, not 10%. As far as I've been able to tell so far, the novel corresponds quite closely to many of the quotes from the film, but I'll be catching the film again soon to verify this. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 06:55, 16 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The message in the movie did say "(about) a tenth of a percent." --Pentasyllabic 02:47, 19 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Just watched the movie and the movie said 10% Jayteecork 02:11, 24 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Where, and who said it? I distinctly remember her (the Alliance rescue team member from the recording) saying "a tenth of a percent." Since she was the only person (well, not only... you know what I mean) who actually saw the result of the Pax first-hand, anyone else's statement is merely an estimate, and shouldn't be considered fact. EVula 05:06, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Okay, folks. I'm getting a little testy about having to repeatedly point this out, so allow me to do it very thoroughly this time. Here is the relevant excerpt from the film, spoken by actress Sarah Paulson, who did such a great job as Merly in American Gothic, but was necessarily underutilized in this film:

 * Dr. Caron: There's 30 million people here, and they all just let themselves die.
 * [Everyone jumps at the sound of a brutal attack in the distance.]
 * Dr. Caron: I have to be quick! About a tenth of a percent of the population had the opposite reaction to the Pax.

I'll say it one more time: "a tenth of a percent" is 1/10 of 1/100, which, for those folks who didn't do so well with fractions in middle-school math, is 1/1000, or 0.1%. If you doubt the actual wording, please watch the DVD and speak the words along with Sarah. You will find that if you try to say "a tenth of the population" (leaving out "of a percent"), or try to say "about ten percent" (5 syllables) instead of "about a tenth of a percent" (8 syllables), your recitation will not be in sync with hers. I would add an audio clip of the relevant passage to Wikipedia using the following license tag:

but at the moment, my stereo-to-computer connections are screwed up. I don't know how else to make this clear. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 03:28, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

 * After yet another incorrect correction (this one to "0.01%", or one hundredth of a percent), I finally uploaded a sound clip (Image:Reaver (Firefly).percent.ogg) to provide quick verification by readers (listeners?). I'll add it to the article shortly. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 23:48, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

 * So, if we know it's 1/1000 of the population, and the estimated 30 Million are the 999/1000 left, would it be fair to mention that there were, at least originally, around 30,000 Reavers? --Sauron18 19:21, 31 May 2007 (UTC)

 * I believe simple arithmetic, which cannot be subject to opinion, would not be considered original research. (It is subject to correct when done incorrectly, and complex math might be another matter entirely.) However, it should be made clear in the text how it was derived from referenced data cited earlier in the text (e.g., "30,000 Reavers (0.1% of 30 million)"), so the figure doesn't itself get tagged citation requested".
 * But we must also be careful about unsupported extrapolation. Strictly speaking, Caron's quote and the math together allow us to say "about 30,000 people had 'the opposite reaction' and presumably did not 'just let themselves die'", but what exactly does that mean? Did they all leave the planet to become Reavers? Did most of the 30,000 who didn't "just let themselves die" end up killing each other before the population settled on some other activity?
 * This is the peril of fannish extrapolation, and is often thwarted by the authors' subsequent stories, not only because the specific data was left ambiguous, but because these are works of fiction, and their creators' literary license cannot be expected to conform to hard rules of reality. Best not to extrapolate at all for encyclopedic purposes. (But plug away on the fan sites! That's why they exist. ☺) ~ Jeff Q (talk) 19:19, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

I've just been notified that my sound file supporting the cited reference of "0.1% of the population", etc., has been tagged as orphaned after Arcayne removed it from the article. (It took a bot less than 6 hours to notice this. They're getting really fast about ridding Wikipedia of non-free-use material!) While I believe the use was justified because of the frequent failure of editors to accept the transcribed source material, I'm also in the camp that prefers independent, written sources for important data. Unless there's a fuss about keeping this, I'm inclined let the sound clip be deleted. (I know the magic incantations to properly tag the image if its use is restored here, but I don't want to bother unless there's a solid feeling that we still need it.) ~ Jeff Q (talk) 19:26, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Jeffq, I am sorry about removing the file, as it was being used to point out an argument occurring here in Discussion, and had little in the way of value to the actual article. It wasn't meant to get your nose out of joint, since you are 100% accurate about your assertions that we need to avoid fannish extrapolation and the original research that comes from bigbrain fans with a pocket calculator and too much free time.
 * We don't know how many Reavers there were. It doesn't matter. It isn't important. At all. There were enough to move the plot of the series and the movie along, and that is all that is important, just like there isn't a need to know how many clones there are, or who would win a fight between Kirk or Picard (Kirk would beat the snot out of him, btw). It's noise, unimportant to the story or the article. That 1% was infected was a scientific approximation in the absence of an actual headcount, so let's not get crazy here. - Arcayne   (cast a spell)  21:23, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

 * My nose wasn't out of joint about the removal. I thought it was a reasonable action based on the apparent superfluity of audio evidence, which I had brought in last year only because of regular arguments about this point. I might have been a bit more distressed about your apparent belief that I'm anxious to keep this bit of information in the article… except that I've been known to respond to a questionable inclusion argument with a Supreme Court case from time to time. (Your response is quite measured by comparison.) I agree that this piece of information is fairly insignificant and seems to have been treated so by creator Joss Whedon (I don't recall the quantity or percent ever figuring in any other scene in any story). I'm happy to stand down from the state of crazy. (But Picard could take Kirk by fighting smarter. And for the last time, it was 0.1%, not 1%!!! Arggh! Getting crazy again… ☺ ) ~ Jeff Q (talk) 01:25, 2 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Okay, 0.1%, then. Still, that's a lot o' angry to stuff into an irradiated ship without caffeine, soap or lubricant. Gah! - Arcayne   (cast a spell)  15:56, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

 * 99.9% of statistics are guestimated on the spot anyway (and with the Reavers busting down the door, Dr, Caron was on the spot). So there were about 30,000 Reavers created by the Pax, hunh. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Naaman Brown (talk • contribs) 18:42, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

Rename
Shouldn't this be under plural - Reavers (Firefly)? --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 23:06, 11 February 2008 (UTC)
 * As there is a dab term and redirect in place to catch anyone typing in the plural version, I think we are fine. - Arcayne   (cast a spell)  21:24, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

Similarities
Anyone else think these Reavers resemble the ideal Nephandi footsoldier army of the future? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.11.37.43 (talk) 01:15, 14 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Unless an independent, reliably published source thinks so, and this published observation is more than just trivia about a single story element of Firefly, there's little point in discussing it here. These pages are used to discuss article content, not fan curiosity. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 19:29, 1 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Abso-frackin'-lutely. Wikipedia is not a fan forum. - Arcayne   (cast a spell)  21:25, 1 April 2008 (UTC)

It says "that rather than firearms reavers will use any sharp object" yet I seem to remebmer in the end of the movie machinguns shotguns and at least 1 dart gun in the hands of the reavers which is correct ?

Links to Border Reivers
Hello all - would it be worth pointing out that the Reavers seem to have certain similarities with the Border Reivers who terrorised the populations of northern England and southern Scotland during the 13th-16tn century? In addition to the name, the idea of a highly mobile, voracious and violent group attacking and plundering settled communities in a liminal area seems to have some relevance to the Reavers in Firefly/Serenity. Lo, Edinburgh —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.13.79.172 (talk) 01:06, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

 * We've already addressed this in the archive. We need reliable sources that have already published such comparisons, which we could then summarize. Otherwise, it's just original research, which is not acceptable content. So far, we haven't found any sources for this logical possibility. But you're welcome to look! ~ Jeff Q (talk) 07:11, 1 June 2008 (UTC)
 * I agree with Jeffq here. No sources speaking about this connection means we cannot incude any connection that we ourselves make. - Arcayne   (cast a spell)  17:45, 1 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the prompt response - good point well made. Lo —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.13.79.172 (talk) 19:51, 1 June 2008 (UTC)
 * No worries. Thanks for asking for a heads-up first. That was very cool of you. - Arcayne   (cast a spell)  04:59, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Okay, check it. I thought I was the first to find this connection. "LOL."  John D. Rockefeller Jr > greenmailer > Border Reivers and then I thought of Firefly.  Isn't wikipedia awesome?  I find the linking from one page to the other incredible.24.243.171.234 (talk) 03:05, 11 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I recall seeing a fan Q&A with Joss Whedom himself who appeared rather surprised when informed of the Border Reivers. The cannibalism aside you wouldn't be crazy for thinking they where inspired by the Border Reivers but unfortunately it seems this is not the case. --Delta-NC (talk) 02:23, 9 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Quite a coincidence! I wonder if Whedon knows that there's actually an insect known as a firefly? Probably not! (^_^)Gzuckier (talk) 19:55, 30 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Late to add I guess. But, I came here, maybe someone with an answer will drop by. I had read about the Sawney Bean family and began to wonder if those, and not the Reivers, were Whedon's inspiration. To reave is a verb to plunder, pillage, rob, pirate, and otherwise engage in hideous negativity, so the Reavers could have been thunk up w/o thinking about the Reivers. --Naaman Brown (talk) 17:53, 17 June 2015 (UTC)

Apperance
I wonder if it's worth mentioning that the Reavers seemed to play a big part in the first handful of episodes, but then didn't appear again in the later part of the series, aside from the movie. Maybe they were going to get focus later? SoulReaverDan (talk) 19:52, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

 * That's interesting speculation for us Browncoats, but it doesn't really belong in Wikipedia. Sorry. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 07:07, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

The only thing Jayne is scared of?
"Reavers are also possibly the only thing that even Jayne fears, as the mere suggestion of traveling where there is a risk of encountering Reavers makes him extremely agitated, declaring that 'Reavers ain't human!'" I seem to remember Jayne being afraid of several things other than reavers - notably, River. I just watched the series and movie again, I believe in the episode after Ariel, River and Simon are talking and River speculates that he (Jayne) is afraid (of them finding out that he tried to sell them to the feds, something which the viewer is able to understand but which Simon does not - given River's mental condition, we don't know if she knows or not). I conclude that Jayne is also afraid of the captain('s wrath). Of course, this is largely irrelevant to this article - what is relevant is that reavers are not the only thing he's scared of. Metalmiser (talk) 03:25, 1 November 2010 (UTC) P.S. I would edit this to suit what I feel is correct - but I would not have a clue how to! Perhaps just a small change "Reavers are one of the only things that Jayne fears..." would be adequate?

Reavers are the only thing that are shown to have a genuine reaction of fear and panic in even The Operative.

Ghost of Mars seems to be irrelevant
"Ghost of Mars" was released one year before the first episode of Firefly aired. So I don't think it's in any way inspired by Firefly for obvious reasons. — Preceding unsigned comment added by JKrems (talk • contribs) 03:32, 26 December 2011 (UTC)

I think the general idea predates both productions. It would be nice to have something on the Origin of the idea/theme in the article. I think I have read similar (not just regular space pirates) stories in books. It also reminds me of "Mad Max" and other post apocalyptic horror movies. It certainly is not an original concept. What is fascinating is the concept of degradation of civilization outward in space to this extreme point. My guess would be that the concept dates back into the 70s. This article would actually be justified if it was about the theme and not just some character in a TV show. --77.1.164.210 (talk) 18:57, 16 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Having been through AfD twice this article has already been found to be justified. If an article is released stating what the inspiration was, it would be great to add it.  Adding personal speculation on what individuals believe may have been the inspiration for the characters would not be.  DiverScout (talk) 19:10, 16 January 2013 (UTC)

Animalistic?
Is animalistic the right description for these people? Surely barbaric is more suitable.101.98.209.132 (talk) 18:48, 9 November 2014 (UTC)
 * They don't talk, they just act like near mindless animals, that somehow remember how to fly spaceships, altering them to their liking.  D r e a m Focus  20:44, 9 November 2014 (UTC)

Timecode - diffferent version?
Hi,

In my DVD version of the film Serenity (region 2-French & Italian), the timecodes are off by about 2 minutes. Any idea why? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.27.176.223 (talk) 11:03, 8 November 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Reaver (Firefly)


text: Category:Ms. Dynamite albums

title: Category:Ms. Dynamite albums


text:
User:Znode/Humor

 * Bŷgmunní University
 * Marathon: Pile of Meat
 * Sherlock Holmes
 * Joke Over Head

title: User:Znode/Humor


text:
KVCP

KVCP (88.3 FM) is a non-commercial educational radio station broadcasting a Conservative Christian radio format. Licensed to Phoenix, Arizona, it serves the Phoenix metropolitan area. The station is owned by VCY America, Inc.

KVCP originally operated as a shared-time station; it broadcast from 5 a.m. to 7:30 p.m., with the remaining hours used by Family Radio's KPHF for its Christian radio format. The stations' owners began this shared time arrangement in 1990 after both vying for the frequency. Both KVCP and KPHF used the same transmitter off Shaw Butte Trail in Phoenix. As of late March 2023, KVCP operates on a full-time basis.

History
The station went on the air in 1992 as KNAI, a non-commercial educational radio station broadcasting a radio format of Regional Mexican music and information for farm workers and other immigrants from Mexico. The station was owned by the National Farm Workers Service Center, Inc., and carried the Radio Campesina Network, with stations in California, Nevada and Arizona. The word "campesina" translates to "peasant" or "farm worker."

On September 2, 2011, lawyers representing radio stations KNAI and KUFW (Woodlake, California) notified the FCC that license holder National Farm Workers Service Center, Inc., had legally changed its name to the "César Chávez Foundation" on June 30, 2010. Chávez was a noted leader of the Farm Workers movement.

In March 2017, it was announced that the César Chávez Foundation was planning to buy AM 860 KMVP, also in Phoenix, which would allow programming to be heard around the clock in the Phoenix media market, while KNAI was off the air. On May 15, 2017, KNAI added the "-FM" suffix; the same day, KMVP changed its call letters to KNAI. CCF paired 860 AM with an FM translator, and in October, La Campesina moved exclusively to 860 AM and 101.9 FM; the station then began airing a loop directing listeners to the new frequencies. KNAI-FM changed its call letters to KCCF-FM on February 8, 2018. The move of the "La Campesina" programming from a non-commercial educational station to a commercial radio station coincided with a $115,000 fine for violations of the FCC's underwriting regulations at KNAI-FM and KUFW; the network's other stations operate on a commercial basis.

On September 24, 2018, the Cesar Chavez Foundation announced that they had sold KCCF-FM to Wisconsin-based evangelical Christian broadcaster VCY America for $4.9 million, who was to maintain the shared-time arrangement with Family Radio and KPHF, making 88.3 a full-time Christian station, albeit with two different operators and licenses. The sale was consummated on December 31, 2018, at which point VCY America changed the station's call sign to KVCP.

On March 22, 2023, Family Radio surrendered KPHF's license to the Federal Communications Commission for cancellation, and it was cancelled the next day. In exchange for the license surrender and the ability to take over the frequency on a full-time basis, VCY America paid Family Radio $800,000 and agreed to carry Family Radio's programming on KVCP's HD2 channel, feeding Family Radio's translator K298CK. Additionally, Family Radio agreed to carry VCY America's programming on the HD2 channel of its KEBR in Sacramento, California.

title: KVCP


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Fearclan

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedily deleted. Friday (talk) 16:40, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Fearclan
Non-notable gaming clan. Cnwb 01:15, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy as empty, contextless. Jkelly 02:24, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. It's been done.  Can an admin close this afd, please?  Thanks.  Jkelly 15:27, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User:Uneum

title: User:Uneum


text:
Hilly Flanks

The Hilly Flanks are the upland areas surrounding the Fertile Crescent of Southwest Asia, including the foothills of the Zagros Mountains, the Taurus Mountains, and the highland parts of the Levant. The Hilly Flanks foothill chain spans over 1000 miles, including parts of Turkey, northwestern Iraq, and western Iran. The region is just north of Mesopotamia, with similar characteristics of fertility with the added trait of foothills and plateaus.

The term was coined by Robert Braidwood in 1948. He proposed that the Neolithic Revolution began in the Hilly Flanks because these areas received enough rainfall for agriculture without irrigation. He also observed that many of the wild progenitors of domesticated crops had their natural habitats in the Hilly Flanks, as did wild sheep and goat. His theory was in opposition to the oasis theory of V. Gordon Childe, which placed the origins of agriculture in well-watered desert refugia such as Mesopotamia. Ultimately, archaeological investigations proved Braidwood correct.

The region has been the subject of numerous archaeological expeditions intending to discover more about its historical culture. One such archaeological investigation by the Danish Archaeological Expedition to Iraq (DAEI) aimed to investigate the early urbanism in the upper regions of Mesopotamia. Previous survey work done in the Rania Plain, a region in the Hilly Flanks, has recorded settlement history dating back to the Late Chalcolithic Period.

Studies on pottery and clay remains in the region uncover the activities of creative expression and entertainment in Neolithic societies that settled in the region. Major emphasis in archaeological studies has been placed on the effect of the changes in climate on food management methods, particularly the shift from hunting and gathering to crop cultivation and livestock domestication. Animal husbandry include the domestication of pigs, goats, sheep, and cattle. The crops frequently harvested include barley, wheat, legumes, and grains.

Etymology
The term “hilly flanks” has been commonly associated with a region of fertile land typically characterised by a moderately mountainous “hilly” nature. The moderate nature of the hills in these regions are normally due to the close proximity of the region to a mountainous region. Hence, foothills in certain regions have been dubbed “hilly flanks”.

Robert John Braidwood, an American archaeologist from Michigan, led the Iraq-Jarmo Project in the 1950s, which consisted of carrying out interdisciplinary research in the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. He is believed to be one of the first to coin the phrase “the hilly flanks of the Fertile Crescent” to describe this particular region.

Braidwood proposed his theory that the Hilly Flanks region was one of the first agricultural civilisations in the world given the sufficient amount of rainfall the region received. This enabled societies to carry out agriculture without irrigation. Communities were able to raise livestock in these regions. Braidwood's theory was proposed as a counterargument to that of Australian archaeologist V. Gordon Childe.

Childe proposed his Oasis Theory, which argued that the regions of North Africa and Near East experienced desiccation, or a period of increased droughts, higher temperatures, and decreased precipitation. The lack of rainfall resulted in less fertile land that posed issues for inhabitants of the region, which then forced civilisations to mobilise to oases and river valley regions in Mesopotamia. However, further archaeological research expeditions, such as the Iraq-Jarmo Project, provided evidence that supported Braidwood's theory.

There are other instances where a region of land is given the designation of “the hilly flanks”. A team of anthropologists from the Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, USA used the term “hilly flanks” to refer to the northern part of a Fertile Arc in China, similar to that of the Fertile Crescent in the Middle East.

Geography
The area pertaining to the hilly flanks is predominantly characterised as the foothills of the Zagros Mountains. Intercepting through the modern-day borders of Turkey, Iraq, and Iran, the region spans over 1000 miles from the lower central area of the Turkish peninsula, curling around the northern sector of the Tigris river, then running along the foothills of the Zagros Mountain range. The natural borders of this region are the Zagros Mountains to the north, the Iranian plateau to the east, the Tigris river to the south, and the lowlands of Mesopotamia to the west.

In archaeology, the term Levant is used to describe the approximate historical region encompassing the land east of the Mediterranean in Western Asia. The Levant includes the parts of the modern-day nations of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel, Palestine and Turkey. A large portion of the Hilly Flanks region lies within the northern highlands of the Levant.

Given its close proximity to the Tigris river in the Fertile Crescent, the land of the hilly flanks is fertile for agriculture and raising livestock. The majority of fertile land most effective for agricultural use consist either of plains where rivers drains out of, or fertile valleys that run through the ridges of the foothills.

The Shahrizor Plain is a prominent geographic region within the Hilly Flanks. The plain is formed by the Shahrizor basin, which is formed by the gradual descending height of the Azmar and Kurhakazhaw mountains. Many modern villages and ancient mounds have settled along the basin. The Shahrizor basin is drained by many streams that join the Tanjero river. The folds of mountains that emerge in the southeast region of Shahrizor make the area difficult to traverse. The land south of the Shahrizor consists of steep, high ridges that make inhabiting and travelling difficult. The land is in the valleys of these ridges are narrow, posing issues for agriculture.

The Hilly Flanks share similar characteristics with other foothill chains, including the alluvial fans along the Jordan Valley, the Inner Asian Mountain Corridor, which is a region spanning from the Atlai Mountains in Siberia to the Hindu Kush area of Afghanistan and Pakistan, and the northern China Foothill Arc. The characteristics shared include being located along elevated sites around river catchments and historically being early farming sites.

Archaeology
Robert Braidwood believes that the settlements in the hilly flanks region are the world’s first village farming communities, evidence of which are derived from archaeological expeditions that studied the Agricultural Revolution in the Near East. In 1950, Braidwood and his wife Linda set up the Jarmo Project to research the early domesticates in certain archaeological sites of interest in the hilly flanks region. The Jarmo Project found evidence of floral and faunal remains that helped to indicate the shift from hunting and gathering of wild species to a mode of subsistence dependent on domesticated plants, animals and their products.

Further archaeological expeditions from geologists and botanists provided evidence to supplement the understanding of Pleistocene glaciation and Holocene climate changes in the region. The evidence was obtained through archaeological projects involving the coring of Lake Van, Turkey, Lake Zeribar and Lake Mirabad in Iran. The regional environmental studies indicate aridity and lower snow lines during the Pleistocene glaciation periods, and the Holocene climate change saw increased precipitation and the shift to the Mediterranean climate known today, consisting of dry summers and wet winters. Despite the evidence gathered from the lake coring expeditions, there is a lack of understanding of the evolution history of the Shahrizor Plain. The plain's climate, characterised by higher altitudes and increased precipitation, present differing environmental patterns in comparison to the general trends provided by the study of the lake cores. The Pishdar and Rania plains, located in the hilly flanks region, have been the location of many archaeological expeditions involving excavations. Excavations at the sites of Bab-w-Kur in the Rania plain revealed the remains of “a series of large tripartite row houses and workshops, and a fortification wall that seems to surround parts of the lower mound.” This area is given the nickname the ‘Red Mudbrick Town’. Analysis of the excavations in this region, along with accompanying pottery remains, suggest these findings date back to the Late Chalcolithic Period.

Although there are ongoing archaeological projects and excavations, there have only been six archaeological sites of study in Iraqi Kurdistan, including Jarmo. The lower number of sites identified for the Early Neolithic Period in the Hilly Flanks region are explained by three primary reasons. First, morphogenesis may have taken place in the Northern Iraqi plain, resulting in the burial of sites by sedimentary deposits such as alluvium or colluvium. Second, evidence is difficult to locate on imagery, and the nature of their composition is that of fragile, fragmented material. Third, the sites have been destroyed from intensive agriculture in the region.

The political escalation of the mid-1970s in Iraq became an obstacle for researchers pursuing scientific studies in the hilly flanks region. Most archaeologists shifted their research to the adjacent Levant and Anatolia regions. In the late 2000s, archaeological excavations resumed in the Iraqi Kurdistan region as the political situation stabilised. Sites of the Neolithic period, including Bestansur in the Shahrizor Plain and Shimshara in the Rania Plain, were investigated to research methods of early farming.

Pottery
Pottery and clay innovation was a major aspect of creativity and practice in the hilly flanks. Archaeological findings have uncovered remains of pottery dating back to the Neolithic era. The earliest Neolithic pottery primarily consisted of tokens and figurines. The tokens are shaped as balls, cones, buttons, and ‘teardrops’. Figurines commonly depict reclining female individuals, usually with enlarged hips and thighs, which the culture viewed as a “sign of femininity.”

The creation of clay figurines provide insights into the activities carried out during that time. The female figurines are believed to have been used for education on female bodily development and implies a period of discovering their body and identity.

Ubaid pottery has been identified in Kall Karim, a region of the hilly flanks located between the Iraqi border and Kabir Kouh Mountains. Ubaid pottery is typically characterised by its black to brown, purple and dark green colours.

Additional excavations found Late Chalcolithic pottery in the Rania and Peshdar plains in Northern Iran. The distinct features of this pottery include neckless jars with inverted rims, double-rimmed jars, cannon spouts, globular holemouths and bowls with inwardly turned bevelled rims. The expedition found these characteristics to be similar to those of material uncovered in the Syrian Jazirah region and other locations in northwestern Iraq.

Agriculture
The hilly flanks are largely believed to be the origins of agriculture, particularly the use of domestic animals and plants. Jarmo, an archaeological site in northeastern Iraq in the hilly flanks region, raised animals such as goats, sheep, pigs, and cattle, and harvested crops such as wheat, barley, and legumes.

Pig domestication occurred in the hilly flanks region, but discoveries found that there was an inconsistency in the pig management methods used throughout the region. Pig management had an early introduction in the Jarmo region, while it was introduced at a later stage in the Zagros region. The most likely explanation for the late arrival in different regions is the complex nature of the husbandry practices for managing pigs. Environmental factors and the existing agricultural practices put in place in particular societies may have inhibited the introduction of pig management.

Archaeological remains gathered by studies present evidence on the societal shift from hunting and gathering resources to producing food through agriculture and domesticating livestock. The first evidence of food resource management is believed to be dated back to the Upper Paleolithic Period. The early Holocene climate change is a major reason for the shift to agriculture and herding methods. The change in climate prompted the improvement of human skills, technological innovations, and food management techniques required for successful food production.

Excavations by the Joint Istanbul University-Chicago Oriental Institute Prehistoric Project studied an early-village farming site dating back to around 7000 B.C. called Cayönü in southeastern Turkey. The Project gathered resources to learn more about Cayönü, but placed an emphasis on the collection of data that provided insight on the domestication of plants and animals. Evidence across all excavations showed a shift from the dependence on big wild animals, such as aurochs and red deers, to the raising of domestic sheep and goats.

A noteworthy finding from the Joint Istanbul University-Chicago Oriental Institute Prehistoric Project was the low presence of grains and grain legumes. The researchers believe the poor preservation of the food plants in the upper levels may account for this diminished amount. The decline in traces of food plants may indicate a difference in dependency of food sources, from plant to animal.

Shahrizor, a wide valley in the hilly flanks region bordered by the Zagros Mountains in the northeast and the mountainous Surdash region in the northwest, is known for its agricultural history. Various weeds and cereal grasses, such as wild barley, continue to grow in non-cultivated soils of the region. Around 1957, an estimated 30% of the land was used for grain cultivation, while around 50% of the land was used for animal husbandry.

title: Hilly Flanks


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Joka

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD✉ 03:38, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Joka
neologism Cnwb 01:18, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Probably an attack on some unspecified person. Jkelly 02:26, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I dont think the author is trying to slam someone, rather I think the author is using the article to define something from African American Vernacular English. I'll let others debate the merits of Transwiking this to the Wiktionary, but Wikipedia is not a dictionary.
 * Delete. Probably written by some 12 year old that goes to a bad school in an urban area. Dante 03:35, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment The style can always be cleaned up, which I've now done. May I politely request that we not insult our contributors no matter how unhelpful or grammatically incorrect their contributions are? --best, kevin  · · · Kzollman | Talk · · · 04:08, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The term does not appear in the Urban Dictionary which accepts substantially everything, nor in the Rap Dictionary, and a Usenet search turns up mostly uses of a Finnish word spelled the same way. If the author can verify that this word exists in slang, the author should submit this entry to Wiktionary instead. In the absence of evidence I am voting to delete. --Metropolitan90 06:46, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 'Delete. Neologism. utcursch | talk 07:20, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * You are all a just a bunch of UberJoka! ... umm... rather, I mean Delete actually, as per Metropolitan90 Qaz  ( talk ) 08:45, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as a neologism. — J I P | Talk 10:50, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - "joka" as a Finnish word means approximate "which" but it can also be a short form of "jokainen" "everybody" - Skysmith 13:37, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you Finnish? I've never seen anyone who was not Finnish or had not lived in Finland for several years understand a word of Finnish. — J I P | Talk 18:17, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Joka is also an Austrian company producing furniture which had a lot of advertising on TV when I was a kid. See . Martg76 22:41, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Then you could turn this entry into an article about the comapny in question - Skysmith 11:16, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nnn. Klonimus 07:54, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Joka


text: Category:Buffet restaurants

title: Category:Buffet restaurants


text:
San Francisco Bay Trail

The San Francisco Bay Trail is a bicycle and pedestrian trail that when finished will allow continuous travel around the shoreline of San Francisco Bay. As of 2020, 356 mi of the trail have been completed. When finished, the trail will be over 500 mi of paved and gravel paths, bike lanes, and sidewalks, linking 47 cities across nine counties and crossing seven toll bridges. It is a project of the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), in collaboration with other agencies, private companies, non-profit organizations, and advocacy groups.

The trail is intended to provide recreation for hikers and bicyclists, viewpoints for wildlife, space for environmental education, and corridors for bicycle transportation as well as access to historic, natural and cultural sites, including over 130 parks.

Route

The Bay Trail is an interconnected trail system that links parks, open spaces, points of interest, and communities on or near the bay shoreline. It will not only encircle the Bay but will also provide access inland to open spaces and preserves, streams, and the Bay Area Ridge Trail, which forms the second of two concentric rings around the bay.

Sections of the Bay Trail exist in all nine Bay Area counties. The longest continuous segments include 26 mi primarily on gravel levees between East Palo Alto and San Jose in Santa Clara County; 25 mi in San Mateo County between Millbrae and San Carlos; 17 mi in central Alameda County from San Leandro to Hayward; and 15 mi along the shoreline and on city streets through Richmond in Contra Costa County. The northernmost trail section passes through San Pablo Bay National Wildlife Refuge.

Protected bicycle and pedestrian lanes exist on six Bay Area toll bridges: Golden Gate Bridge, Carquinez Bridge, Benicia-Martinez Bridge, Dumbarton Bridge, the Richmond-San Rafael Bridge, and the Bay Bridge. In the last case, the path cannot be used to cross the bay, as the western span lacks a bike path. The San Mateo–Hayward Bridge, the longest bridge in California, currently lacks a pedestrian or bike path entirely.

History
The idea for the Bay Trail was launched in the Fall of 1986, when state Senator Bill Lockyer (D-Hayward) was having lunch with a local editor in a waterfront restaurant. The end-of-session legislative frenzy was over, and Senator Lockyer was in a reflective mood. “Let me try this idea out on you,” he said to his companion. “What if we tried to develop a pedestrian and bicycle path around the bay, with access to the shoreline?” His luncheon partner applauded the idea and urged the senator to pursue it. The outcome was Senate Bill 100. Coauthored by all Bay Area legislators, the bill passed. It defined parameters of the planning process, designated the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) as the lead agency, and provided $300,000 for the preparation of a Bay Trail Plan by July 1, 1989. The Bay Trail Plan, adopted by ABAG, shows a network of trails that meander and loop along the shore, connecting all nine surrounding counties and crossing the region's toll bridges.

San Francisco Bay Shoreline Guide
The San Francisco Bay Shoreline Guide was revised in 2012. It provides information about the natural and cultural history of San Francisco Bay and includes maps for 325 miles of the shoreline Bay Trail open to the public. Published by University of California Press for the California Coastal Conservancy.

San Francisco Bay Trail Maps
The San Francisco Bay Trail maps were released in May 2013 and last updated in 2018. The box set of 25 cards and a large fold-out map provide detailed information about the trail and points of interest along its route. Production of the maps was funded in part by the California Coastal Conservancy.

The Bay Trail Plan
The San Francisco Bay Trail Plan: A Recreational Ring Around San Francisco Bay was published in 1989 by the Association of Bay Area Governments. The plan includes the trail alignment, project goals, policies and implementation strategies for the Bay Trail.

title: San Francisco Bay Trail


text:
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text:
User talk:Keydaimon~enwiki

Welcome!

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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

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