text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tursoft

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 05:10, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Tursoft
Not notable. Thue | talk 09:07, 6 October 2005 (UTC) Delete ad.  Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk  12:20, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is an advertising page of no encyclopaedic merit. Grobertson 09:14, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. utcursch | talk 11:47, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. ad. feydey 17:35, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. --Jacquelyn Marie 19:13, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Tursoft


text:
Missing People

Missing People (previously known as National Missing Persons Helpline) is a national organisation in the United Kingdom that offers assistance to people who run away and/or go missing and their families. It is a registered charity under English law.

Early years (1986–89)
Following the high-profile disappearance of estate agent, Suzy Lamplugh, from Fulham in July 1986, two sisters, Janet Newman and Mary Asprey, co-founded the National Missing Persons Helpline. With no news of Lamplugh's whereabouts, media attention moved to the apparent lack of support for missing persons' families, such as Paul and Diane Lamplugh. The sisters established the Trust's initial work on missing people.

Helpline (1990–92)
From a bedroom at the sisters' home in East Sheen, south west London, a start-up service was formed in early 1990. The service used the Freefone number 0500 700 700 ( and this continued in operation until June 2017, when Ofcom closed down all remaining 0500 numbers). Meanwhile, the Suzy Lamplugh Trust moved towards issues surrounding personal safety and safety in the workplace. Initially Mary and Janet and a small team of volunteers simply comforted callers to the helpline. However, they soon realised families wanted more than just telephone support. In 1992, having re-mortgaged their houses, Mary and Janet applied to register National Missing Persons Helpline (NMPH) as a charity.

Expansion (1993)
By the time it became a registered charity in April 1993, NMPH needed new offices to provide a complete range of services for relatives, enabling the charity to both find and support. This expansion was greatly helped by founders of the Big Issue, who secured premises in Mortlake. Missing People is still based there today. ITN's Sir Trevor McDonald – later to become a Vice Patron, instigated invaluable publicity. Where funding allowed, new staff and volunteers joined and the information taken from each caller regarding a disappearance became more detailed and more accurate. A department offering Publicity was born. The success of the charity was cemented in its first year by an office visit from Diana, Princess of Wales in October.

Getting the message home (1994)
In February 1994, the resources of NMPH were stretched to the limit by the horrific discoveries at 25 Cromwell Street, Gloucester. Calls to the helpline from relatives of missing people trebled and extra volunteers had to be brought in to answer the phones. New callers reported relatives missing for the first time, even though some had vanished ten years ago or even more. Distressed families already in touch with the helpline called again, in case their missing relative might figure in the investigation. The police directed anxious families to NMPH for comfort and support. Gloucestershire Police called too, seeking help on identifying the bodies found at Cromwell Street and elsewhere. Their initial interest was in women reported missing from Worcestershire and Gloucestershire in the 1970s and 1980s. Some 390 names were supplied including Alison Chambers and Carol Cooper who were later identified as victims. At the same time, details mentioned by Frederick West were passed to NMPH for checking against our database. One result of this was the identification of Juanita Mott another of the victims discovered at Cromwell Street. A positive side effect of the charities role in the investigation was the reunion of 110 non-victim families in less than two months. On 27 June 1994 the charity took over the Message Home Helpline from the Mothers' Union, allowing adult missing people to pass a message home. In response to NMPH's growing achievements, the charity was honoured as The Duchess of Gloucester accepted the role of Patron. The Duchess continues to attend performances on our behalf and raise morale of staff and volunteers with regular visits.

Recognition (1996–1998)
In 1996 Asprey and Newman were honoured for their services to charity with OBEs. In 1998 both were honoured with the "UK Women of Europe Award" and in the same year given the European Women of Achievement Humanitarianism Award and The Rotary Foundation's prestigious Paul Harris Fellowships.

Lost from View (2002)
The charity celebrated its 10th birthday. Jointly with the University of York, NMPH produced Lost from View in February 2002. Funded by the Nuffield Foundation, for the first time research used the charity's unique database of all types of missing people to provide information and trends about the missing phenomenon.

Pioneering work (2003–2004)
Further accolades followed in 2003 when Mary and Janet were invited by The Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh to a reception at Buckingham Palace to mark the contribution of Pioneers to the life of the Nation. 2003 also saw the national roll out of the 'Missing from Care' project for local authorities 'looked after children' in September. This work for young people continued in May 2004 when NMPH launched the Runaway Helpline, as a direct response to a recommendation in the 2002 report by The Social Exclusion Task Force.

Financial problems (2005–2006)
The media reported that after years of inadequate funding and little input from the private sector, NMPH was to close. Under the direction of the co-founders, Sir Norman Wakefield was appointed as advisor and formed a consortium of charitable organisations that offered financial support. After an outpouring of public support the Home Office too announced emergency funding for the charity. In September 2005, Paul Tuohy joined the charity as their first chief executive. The charity reformed its board of trustees and started a considerable process of strategic planning.

Relaunch (2007–2008)
In May 2007 – 2008 the charity relaunched as "Missing People". This reflected the considerable strategic developments that had been made and the fact that the charity now provided a range of services rather than a single helpline. Also in May, less than one week after her disappearance, missing three-year-old Madeleine McCann had become headline news around the globe. On International Missing Children's Day (26 May) an appeal by the charity was projected onto Marble Arch to highlight Madeleine's disappearance and the plight of missing children across the UK. In August Missing People launched the first comprehensive online "missing map" in the UK and Missing People TV' – the first online channel featuring appeals of missing people. In October the charity along with other NGOs from the English Coalition for Runaway Children asked the government to ‘stop missing the missing issue’. This led to the government developing a strategy on the protection of young runaways for the first time ever. In 2007 the charity also teamed up with the police to hold their first joint conference on "missing". Delegates came from across the globe came to Blackpool to debate and learn about the latest developments. In November 2007 Missing People won two awards for its website – which received more than 40 million hits in its first year. In December the BBC launched ‘Reunited’ – a season of hard hitting programmes about family members seeking to contact missing relatives and the complex reasons people run away.

Missing people march (2008)
In March 2008 hundreds of families of the missing joined together to march through London to highlight the impact of someone going missing from their family. The march was organised and led by Nicki Durbin, mother of missing Luke Durbin, who went missing after a night out in Ipswich, Suffolk in 2006; Val Nettles, mother of missing Damien Nettles, who was last seen in Cowes on the Isle of Wight in 1996 and Jill Blonsky. Radiohead supported the charity with the donation of an exclusive one-off remix tape. April saw the first of the award-winning series Missing Live on BBC One. Successes included finding more than 100 people over the four-week show. Missing People's financial position was strengthened by a landmark decision by the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) to grant the charity £310,000 in June 2008 and by the appointment of five new trustees, which led to a shortlisting at the Third Sector Awards 2009 for most improved Trustee Board. In October 2009 Missing People and Iceland supermarket teamed up to launch milk carton appeals for the missing, following on from the success of a previous initiative with Iceland which had helped to find more than 17 people across millions of cartons. The first new appeal was for Andrew Gosden, a 14-year-old boy last seen at King's Cross Station. In December 2009 Missing People launched the first report into the experiences of, and impacts on, the families of missing people called ‘Living in Limbo’. Also in December Missing People teamed up with 95.8 Capital FM to launch the Runaway Helpline text service, the first free helpline text service for young people, which was funded by Vodafone Foundation.

116xxx telephone number issued (2009)
In 2009, Ofcom introduced the first harmonised European numbers for harmonised services of social value, allocating 116 000 to the Missing People service. This number is free to call from mobiles and landlines.

0500 telephone number withdrawn (2017)
The existing 0500 700 700 telephone number continued to operate in parallel with the new 116 000 number for many years. Finally, in June 2017, Ofcom withdrew all 0500 numbers, and the 0500 line was no more. The 0500 number had been free to call from landlines but had cost up to 40p per minute to call from a mobile telephone.

Working with the police
Missing People works in partnership with police forces and other agencies across the UK to help find missing children and adults and support their family or carer. Missing people offers publicity opportunities to police forces and at the request of the police Missing People can send a missing person a text message informing them about the charity and the support we can offer. These services are available at no direct cost to police forces, the missing person or their family.

Events
International Missing Children's Day is one day a year when people remember missing children and their families. The charity mark this day by holding their Big Tweet for Missing Children. For 24 hours the charity harnesses the power of Twitter to publicise missing children appeals. The charity tweets a different missing child appeal every 30 minutes for 24 hours and are supported in this by a range of celebrities and organisations. In 2013 The Big Tweet for Missing Children was sponsored by The Sun newspaper and celebrities including Simon Cowell and Stephen Fry endorsed the campaign making it the most successful Big Tweet in the charity's history. Missing People's Twitter handle is @MissingPeople.

Miles for Missing People is an annual running event held by the charity Missing People. The popular event, includes a 10K, a 3K and a kids run as well as entertainment and family activities, is held on or around 25 May to mark International Missing Children's Day. Hundreds of supporters and families of missing people join together to participate in the races and fundraise for the charity raising thousands of pounds for the charity's work.

The Missing People Cycle Challenge is another of Missing People's popular challenge events which takes place in June or July each year and involves groups of cyclists cycling from Edinburgh to London over a five-day period. The tough challenge is an incredibly rewarding and moving experience for the participants as they support each other through the intense five-day experience in order to raise funds to help support the families of Missing People.

The Missing People Choir was founded by the charity in 2014.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Missing People


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Lady and her Steel Tiger

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 05:10, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

The Lady and her Steel Tiger
Not a notable story, 41 google hits Thue | talk 09:10, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete but watch out for her militant sales rep   Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk  12:22, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Dlyons. --Jacquelyn Marie 19:14, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Powkeman

I chose powkeman as a nickname becasue I live on POwke Lane Rowley Regis so it is good for those who now me.

title: User talk:Powkeman


text:
Square planar molecular geometry

In chemistry, the square planar molecular geometry describes the stereochemistry (spatial arrangement of atoms) that is adopted by certain chemical compounds. As the name suggests, molecules of this geometry have their atoms positioned at the corners.

Examples
Numerous compounds adopt this geometry, examples being especially numerous for transition metal complexes. The noble gas compound xenon tetrafluoride adopts this structure as predicted by VSEPR theory. The geometry is prevalent for transition metal complexes with d8 configuration, which includes Rh(I), Ir(I), Pd(II), Pt(II), and Au(III). Notable examples include the anticancer drugs cisplatin, [PtCl2(NH3)2], and carboplatin. Many homogeneous catalysts are square planar in their resting state, such as Wilkinson's catalyst and Crabtree's catalyst. Other examples include Vaska's complex and Zeise's salt. Certain ligands (such as porphyrins) stabilize this geometry.

Splitting of d-orbitals
A general d-orbital splitting diagram for square planar (D4h) transition metal complexes can be derived from the general octahedral (Oh) splitting diagram, in which the dz2 and the dx2−y2 orbitals are degenerate and higher in energy than the degenerate set of dxy, dxz and dyz orbitals. When the two axial ligands are removed to generate a square planar geometry, the dz2 orbital is driven lower in energy as electron-electron repulsion with ligands on the z-axis is no longer present. However, for purely σ-donating ligands the dz2 orbital is still higher in energy than the dxy, dxz and dyz orbitals because of the torus shaped lobe of the dz2 orbital. It bears electron density on the x- and y-axes and therefore interacts with the filled ligand orbitals. The dxy, dxz and dyz orbitals are generally presented as degenerate but they have to split into two different energy levels with respect to the irreducible representations of the point group D4h. Their relative ordering depends on the nature of the particular complex. Furthermore, the splitting of d-orbitals is perturbed by π-donating ligands in contrast to octahedral complexes. In the square planar case strongly π-donating ligands can cause the dxz and dyz orbitals to be higher in energy than the dz2 orbital, whereas in the octahedral case π-donating ligands only affect the magnitude of the d-orbital splitting and the relative ordering of the orbitals is conserved.

title: Square planar molecular geometry


text: Category:Education in the Maldives

title: Category:Education in the Maldives


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Tryst

Tryst may refer to:

Art and entertainment

 * Tryst (novel), a 1939 novel by Elswyth Thane
 * Tryst (play), a 2006 play by Karoline Leach
 * Tryst (album), a 2019 studio album by Kate Ceberano and Paul Grabowsky
 * "Tryst", a song by John Ireland from his 1928 composition Two Songs, 1928
 * Trysts, a 2001 collection of short stories by Steve Berman

Other uses

 * Falkirk Tryst, a former livestock market in Scotland
 * Tryst, a defunct nightclub at the Wynn Las Vegas hotel

title: Tryst


text:
Category:United States senators from California

Members, past and present, who represented the State of California in the United States Senate.


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User talk:Steven J

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributionz. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --OpenToppedBus - Talk to the driver 09:13, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

The dissapearance of Birmingham
Sorry about those! I'm reading it direct from the maps, and I'm missing the big cities because their names aren't poking out so well underneath all those roads!

List of conurbations in the United Kingdom
Do you think it would be sensible to try to identify sub-conurbations of the London commuter belt? Southend/Thurrock and maybe Farnham/Aldershot/Camberley/Bracknell/Reading. And thinking about listing the entire coast between Seaford and Selsey (or maybe just Bognor).

I'm sorry about my harsh words on Talk:List of English cities by population. I just found it a particularly bizarre list, and it had no warning that people shouldn't take the values too literally. Perhaps you can come up with some wording on the page to do this that would be more acceptable to you. Morwen - Talk 12:58, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The Sheffield urban area figure has been seperated into sheffield plus some of its suburbs (namely Beighton, Chapeltown and Mosborough) so the figure is a aggregate of these figures. josh 17:43, 27 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Beighton, Chapeltown and Mosborough aren't suburbs of Sheffield but Sheffield itself. Stocksbridge is in the metropolitan borough of Sheffield but not in Sheffield. The population living in Sheffield's city district is 516100 and not 439866 as you've put it. You must be mistaking Sheffield's conurbation figures which include Dronfield, Chesterfield and Rovvrem and the district's population figures. These figures are confirmed on the Sheffield city council website. Captain scarlet 09:13, 28 October 2005 (UTC)
 * To continue on the topic of your erronous data you've once again decided to publish Sheffield City Council which knows more than you do
 * Thankfully other articles on Wikipedia do take in consideration correct figures and the other list of towns, cities and boroughs of England is correct. I'll be damned if the city of Leeds is larger than Sheffield, it never has been and isn't as it is. Captain scarlet 23:46, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Wolverhampton Princes Square.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:Wolverhampton Princes Square.JPG. I notice the image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use or fairuse. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --Admrboltz 00:11, 7 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Unfortunatly non commercial use only is not allowed on Wikipedia (see template noncommercial). What I would suggest would either be GFDL-self or Cc-by-sa. --Admrboltz (T | C) 17:47, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

NowCommons: File:Wolverhampton Princes Square.JPG
File:Wolverhampton Princes Square.JPG is now available on Wikimedia Commons as Commons:File:Wolverhampton Princes Square.JPG. This is a repository of free media that can be used on all Wikimedia wikis. The image will be deleted from Wikipedia, but this doesn't mean it can't be used anymore. You can embed an image uploaded to Commons like you would an image uploaded to Wikipedia, in this case:. Note that this is an automated message to inform you about the move. This bot did not copy the image itself. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 14:05, 6 September 2009 (UTC)
 * File:Wolverhampton RR St Patricks.jpg is now available as Commons:File:Wolverhampton RR St Patricks.jpg. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 14:07, 6 September 2009 (UTC)

Nomination of List of localities in England by population for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article List of localities in England by population, to which you have significantly contributed, is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or if it should be deleted.

The discussion will take place at Articles for deletion/List of localities in England by population until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article.

To customise your preferences for automated AfD notifications for articles to which you've significantly contributed (or to opt-out entirely), please visit the configuration page. Delivered by SDZeroBot (talk) 01:02, 8 November 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Steven J


text: User talk:82.141.201.242

title: User talk:82.141.201.242


text:
Jaybird–Woodpecker War

The Jaybird–Woodpecker War (1888–89) was a feud between two United States Democratic Party factions fighting for political control of Fort Bend County, Texas, in the southeast part of the state. The Jay Bird Democratic Association was an all-White political organization formed in 1887 by young men to challenge and regain control of the county government from the biracial coalition of former White and Black Republicans (the Woodpeckers) who had dominated the county Democratic party and county government since 1869. Murders and political assassinations were committed against persons in each faction in 1888 and 1889. The Jaybird-Woodpecker War ended when the Jaybirds defeated the Black-supported Woodpeckers in a battle in Richmond, Texas, the county seat of Fort Bend County, in August 1889. With support from Texas Governor Lawrence Ross and the Houston Light Guards (the first uniformed state militia company formed after the Civil War), a complete reorganization of county government resulted in the removal or resignation of all Woodpecker officials and the selection of Jaybirds or persons acceptable to the Jaybirds to fill those offices. After a turbulent era of more than 20 years, the White citizenry once more controlled the government. The effects of the post-Reconstruction feud echoed in local politics for decades. The Jaybird victory basically restored White supremacy in the county. They disfranchised the Black voters in the county by using a "Whites-only" ballot in preliminary party voting from 1889 until 1953. The Jaybird organization and the disfranchisement spread to other counties in the state and remained active politically until the civil rights movement. This device lasted until 1950, when Willie Melton and Arizona Fleming won a lawsuit against the practice in United States District Court, though it was overturned on appeal. In 1953, they ultimately won their suit when the Supreme Court of the United States declared the Jaybird primary unconstitutional in Terry v. Adams, the last of the white primary cases.

Roots of the conflict
The roots of the Jaybird-Woodpecker violence stretch back to the emergence of antebellum plantation society in Fort Bend County and the end of the American Civil War. The conflict over slavery impacted how the war began, played out, and influenced Fort Bend political and social life for over 100 years.

Antebellum Plantation Society in Fort Bend County
Fort Bend County was colonized by families of the Old 300, who had purchased land rights from Stephen F Austin and the Mexican government in the 1820s and the pacification of local Native American tribes. Within the decades leading up to the American Civil War, Fort Bend country grew into one of the largest and most prosperous slaveholding communities in Texas. Black slaves were either moved with the white colonists or were illegally shipped to Galveston, Texas since slavery was illegal under Mexican law until the Republic of Texas was established in 1836. Slavery was the cornerstone of these plantations that needed laborers for the cotton, sugarcane, and corn agricultural crops. As the demand for these products, especially cotton, increased, the slave labor force "expanded from 1,559 slaves in 1850 to 4,127 slaves in 1860." The slaveowners dominated the Fort Bend economy, controlled its politics, and occupied the top rung on the social ladder. They then voted to secede and join the Confederacy in February 1861. Not surprisingly, 100% of the White male voters voted in favor of secession. Over 100 men from Fort Bend County joined men from neighboring counties and enlisted in a new regiment of what was become known as Colonel Benjamin Terry's Texas Rangers. Ironically, his son, Kyle Terry who was five years old at time, emerged as one of the leaders some 30 years later in the Jaybird-Woodpecker War, except, unlike his father, he supported the Woodpeckers against the Jaybirds and their White supremacist supporters.

Post-Civil War Society in Fort Bend County
After the conclusion of the American Civil War, the 13th Amendment was ratified, in 1864, the result being that millions of slaves were suddenly free. In Fort Bend County, this new amendment resulted in the freeing of Blacks, who accounted for over 80% of the population at that time. With the enactment of the 15th Amendment in 1870, Black males were given the right to vote, who essentially became a powerful Republican voting block. As a result of outnumbering White males, the vote of freedmen carried most elections that occurred during Reconstruction, the period after the Civil War when Texas was under military rule while transitioning back to statehood in the Union. Also significant was the breaking up of the old plantations into smaller land units, many of which were either purchased by new immigrant farmers from Europe or were rented by Black sharecroppers.

While resisting emancipation and Black enfranchisement, plantation elite surprisingly cooperated with the biracial county government that emerged during Reconstruction. Between 1869 and 1889, 44 Black men held different positions in Fort Bend County that included varied roles as sheriff, county commissioner, justice of the peace, and constable. At one point of Fort Bend Reconstruction, more than 50% of the county offices were held by Black politicians. They were actively supported by a small number of Whites who participated in county government as Republicans or as independent Democrats. This meant they did not run or support the all-White Democratic ticket during elections. Unlike other Texas counties at that time, Fort Bend Country actually enjoyed racial co-operation and peace during this post-Civil War era.

Despite losing political power and some economic power with the splintering of plantations, Fort Bend Whites maintained their hold on the county economically and socially. White land owners controlled over 80% of the land, which resulted in a high level of tenant farmers and sharecroppers as captured in the 1880 census. Local Whites also erected social boundaries to keep Whites and Blacks segregated. County schools were segregated. According to an 1882-1883 tax assessor report, 193 White children attended one of the five White-only schools, while 1,679 Black students attended one of the 30 Black-only schools. Vigilante citizen groups were also formed to keep Blacks in the county in order, especially from preventing social interactions between Blacks and Whites.

Deep Divisions
While the Jaybird-Woodpecker war was not inevitable, the emergence of younger White males wanting to renew White supremacy and the national Democratic renewal of the late 1880s created an emotionally charged political atmosphere in Fort Bend County. Within the White community, tensions increased between those who supported the Republican or independent county officials and a politically frustrated White community of former slaveowners. The Whites supporting the current biracial politicians wanted to preserve the status quo. The majority of Whites resented the independent Democrats for their "treasonous behavior" in supporting Blacks' right to vote and to hold public office. They also wanted to increase their political representation, especially with an increase in taxes for all Black and White property owners. Taxes were high and portions of that money went directly into the pockets of officeholders. With these sentiments percolating in the mid- to late 1880s, many young men in Fort Bend County were fed up with the Whites' inability to change county politics via the ballot box. They brought together and formalized the informal vigilante groups into the Jay Bird Democratic Association in July 1888.

Conflict
The conflict allegedly derived its name from Bob Chapel, a local African-American man who was said to sing about jaybirds and woodpeckers. The Jaybirds were White Democrats opposed to the participation of Blacks in local politics, as an alliance of Blacks and Whites (formerly Republican) had elected county officials for 20 years since Reconstruction. The Woodpeckers were nominally Democrats, too, with representatives elected largely by Black voters. An election was held November 6, 1888, that was supervised by Texas Rangers. All of the Woodpecker candidates were elected or re-elected (many had won election in 1884) to their slate of office.

This engendered further hostilities from the Jaybirds. In the spring of 1889, Kyle Terry, then a Woodpecker official appointed as the tax assessor, murdered Ned Gibson, a leader of the Jaybirds. He had been on his way to testify in an unrelated cattle-rustling trial against a friend of Terry's being held in a neighboring town. Terry was arrested, but posted bail and moved to Galveston. On January 21, 1890, he was gunned down by Gibson's brother Volney Gibson and a group of Jaybirds, while walking up the stairs to the Galveston courtroom for the preliminary hearing in his trial for the murder of Ned Gibson.

Retaliatory murders occurred on both sides. The violence culminated in the Battle of Richmond, the county seat, on August 16, 1889, when sheriff Tom Garvey (a Woodpecker) was killed. Seven people were killed in all these incidents. Following this, Governor Sul Ross declared martial law and dispatched troops from the Houston Light Guards, along with more Texas Rangers. He arrived with the state militia to negotiate a settlement. After the violence subsided, most of the county government resigned. In finding replacements for resigned officials, the Jaybird politicians were the only ones who had sufficient wealth to post bonds for the open offices, and the Jaybirds refused to post bonds for the opposition. As a result, the county government was reorganized under the control of the Jaybird faction. This was formalized through a meeting held on October 3, 1889, and the former officeholders were told to leave town.

Subsequently, the Jaybirds held a meeting on October 22, 1889, creating the Jaybird Democratic Organization of Fort Bend County. It dominated local politics for decades into the 1950s. The faction established a "White-only" preliminary ballot for county offices. This effectively disenfranchised African Americans because the only competitive contest was that within the Democratic Party. A similar White primary measure was adopted by the state legislature in the early 20th century. The Jaybird Democrats retained control until their provision was overturned by a ruling by the United States Supreme Court in Terry v. Adams, 345 U.S. 461 (1953).

By that time, two White primary processes authorized by the state government had been declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court; the second was in Smith v. Allwright (1944).

title: Jaybird–Woodpecker War


text:
Excalibur Rugby

Excalibur Rugby is the name of the men's rugby union team at Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario. The team's motto is Commitment, Intensity, Desire which is expressed in Latin on the team's crest.

History
Formed in 1966, Excalibur Rugby has been able to maintain a strong tradition of competition and camaraderie. Founded by a small number of rugby enthusiasts, Excalibur Rugby expanded over the years to include both a first and second side, while competing as a varsity rugby team in the OUA and as a social club known as Trent Rugby Football Club (TRFC). Despite its strong history of development and maintenance of a second team composed of up and coming rookies, developing players and rugby fans, Excalibur Rugby made the move to carry only one team for the 2005 season.

Charitable involvement
Over the years the members of Excalibur Rugby have been involved with a number of charitable organizations in and around Peterborough. Players from Excalibur Rugby have worked to support the Peterborough Regional Health Center, the United Way, Kawartha Food Share and other various charities such as the Terry Fox Foundation.

Tournaments and tours
Each November Excalibur Rugby hosts an annual rugby union tournament known as the Bronze Touque tournament. Originally open to any team interested in competing which saw in its inaugural year teams from Ottawa University, Queens Law School and the Cobourg Saxons club team compete with Excalibur Rugby for the coveted trophy. By 2005 the Bronze Touque tournament has developed into a sanctioned OUA off season event with participation by various varsity teams.

Bi-annually members of Excalibur Rugby spend their spring reading break travelling to various schools across North America in a week-long tour. In February 2005 Excalibur Rugby toured the Eastern United States playing Penn State and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

title: Excalibur Rugby


text:
Talk:Spiritual experience

The name of Jung's patient would be an a good inclusion. Roland Hazard207.157.121.50 09:18, 6 October 2005 (UTC)mightyafrowhitey

Is is appropriate to refer to the Oxford Group as a "christian evangelical church"?207.157.121.50 21:57, 15 October 2005 (UTC)mightyafrowhitey

- Spiritual experiences can also be called religious experiences in some cultures and contexts, i think the better opiton is to redirect the adrees 'mystical experiences' to the 'religious experience'.

and the article 'mysticism' dont focus on the 'mystical/religious experience' itself.

Mateus Zica (talk) 11:13, 7 July 2008 (UTC)

Redirect
Seeing as reverted the redirect to Religious Experience claiming that they are different things, are there any other comments regarding this? I personally agree with the redirect, and have reverted 's change as two separate articles do not need to exist. Samuel Tarling (talk) 12:48, 22 August 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spiritual experience


text:
Bhavani Mandap

Bhavani Mandap is a historical building situated in the walled city center of Kolhapur in southern Maharashtra, India. It is located near the famous and mammoth Mahalaxmi Temple on the west.

Religious significance
It is a royal palace of the Maharaja of Kolhapur. It used to be a durbar of the Chhatrapati Maharaja.

History
Bhavani Mandap was an important meeting venue in yesteryears. It housed the offices of various court officials and was centre of many celebrations. It also saw a famous murder in the central courtyard. The place has the nostalgic charm and typical architecture of the British Raj bringing back memories of the rich princely state Kolhapur used to be.

Present Time
At Bhavani Mandap, we can find the life size statue of Kolhapur's most loved prince Shahu Maharaj. Although, he was deemed king by the city dwellers, most of his political life was spent under the Raj. On display are stuffed animals actually hunted by Shri Shahu Maharaj including a giant bison (who has achieved some spiritual importance considering the amount of saffron spread over it), Panthers, a pair of deer and few others. It also exhibits a modest wooden throne believed to be the one used by Shivaji on his visits to Kolhapur, strengthening the idea that He was more a man on a mission with not much regards to worldly comfort. In its present form it functions as a collective tomb of Kolhapur's Maratha royalty.

Myths
It is said that there is a tunnel leading to Bhavani Mandap from Panhala, the hillside fort about 20 km away from Kolhapur built to allow an escape-route for warring Maratha soldiers. Any attempts to discover this tunnel or its discovery have not been heard.

title: Bhavani Mandap


text:
Banca Comercială Română

Banca Comercială Română (BCR) is a Romanian universal bank. It is one of the main banks in Romania and is a subsidiary of Erste Group.

It provides retail, corporate & investment banking, treasury and capital markets services as well as operating specialized companies on the leasing market, assets management, private pensions, mortgages and banking services through internet and mobile phone. , it was the largest bank in Romania with assets of over EUR 16 billion, the largest number of clients.

BCR offers a range of products and financial services through a network of 48 business canters for companies and 643 retail branches located in major cities across the country with over 10,000 employees.

History

 * 1990 – Banca Comercială Română is established by taking over the commercial operations of the National Bank of Romania
 * 1998 – BCR opens a subsidiary in Chisinau, the Republic of Moldova
 * 1999 – BCR absorbs Bancorex
 * 2001 – BCR Leasing is launched on the Romanian market
 * 2003 – BCR privatization by selling the block of shares to EBRD and IFC
 * 2005 – BCR Asigurari de Viata is established
 * 2006 – Austrian bank Erste Bank finalizes the acquisition of Banca Comercială Română. Erste Bank bought 61.8825%* of the BCR shares from the Romanian Government, EBRD and IFC, paying EUR 3.75 billion.
 * 2007 – BCR Administrare Fond de Pensii enters the Romanian market
 * 2008 – Banca Comercială Română sells its insurance operations to Vienna Insurance Group
 * 2008 – BCR Banca pentru Locuinte enters the Romanian market
 * 2009 – BCR adopts a Medium Term Notes (MTN) issuing program – with a total value of EUR 3 billion.

Over time, BCR has brought several innovations on the Romanian banking market, such as:

o	first transaction at an ATM in Romania o	BCR is the first bank in Romania to trade securities on the secondary market o	BCR is the first banking institution in Romania to launch a national network of specialized offices – “EU Office BCR” – dedicated exclusively to European funds
 * 1994 - BCR becomes the first acquirer in Romania and main member of EUROPAY
 * 1995 - BCR issues the first debit cards in Romania under an international logo.
 * 2000 - BCR launches the first treasury loan for individuals
 * 2002 - BCR launches the first mortgage loan on the Romanian banking market
 * 2003 - BCR is the first Romanian bank to provide mortgage loans to retail and corporate clients
 * 2004 - BCR is the first bank in Romania to install Currency Exchange Machines (CEM)
 * 2005 - BCR enables the use of CHIP cards (smart-card) in its ATM and POS network
 * 2006 – Banca Comercială Română launches for the first time, through the BCR University, the internship program – STUDENT BCR – allowing students to take internships in seven BCR branches in Bucharest

BCR Group
BCR is part of the BCR Group that also includes BCR Banca pentru Locuințe, BCR Pensii, Societate de Administrare a Fondurilor de Pensii Private S.A., BCR Leasing and good.bee Service RO

BCR Banca pentru Locuințe (BCR BpL) is the BCR Group subsidiary specializing in saving and lending for housing purposes under a collective system, launched in July 2008. In 2009, it signed 134,000 contracts, worth RON 3.5 billion.

BCR BpL is the undisputed market leader in terms of total stock (over 50%) and of new business (over 75%)

BCR Pensii, Societate de Administrare a Fondurilor de Pensii Private S.A. was established in June 2007, with an initial share capital of RON 50,000,000.

BCR PENSII Societate de Administrare a Fondurilor de Pensii Private S.A. was established in June 2007, with an initial share capital of RON 50,000,000.

BCR PENSII has been highly dynamic on the Romanian private pension market, helping the company consolidate its position on the market. In 2009, BCR PENSII finalized the take over of Omniforte – Privately Managed Pension Fund operating on the mandatory pension market and also entered the optional pension market by taking over BCR PRUDENT, the Optional Pension Fund and finalized the take over of mandatory pension funds Prima Pensie and OTP at the beginning of 2010.

BCR owns 99.99% of the shares of BCR Pensii, Societate de Administrare a Fondurilor de Pensii Private S.A.

BCR Leasing S.A. was created in March 2001, to complement the financing offer of Banca Comercială Română Group dedicated to individuals, legal entities and authorized natural persons, for purchasing durable goods.

BCR LEASING IFN S.A. provides internal financial leasing services for purchasing durable goods, namely: leasing for purchasing motor vehicles, fleets, industrial equipment and machines, medical equipment, software and IT equipment etc., as well as leasing for industrial or commercial buildings.

89.03% of BCR Leasing is controlled by BCR, while Financiara SA holds 10% of the capital and the remaining 0.97% is owned by individuals.

good.bee Service ROcompany offering good.bee Mobile Transaction service, was established through a partnership between Erste Foundation and Erste Group.

Strategy
The BCR strategy takes into consideration the current economic environment and the potential trends of the Romanian finance-banking market and decides that BCR must distinguish itself in a competitive environment by embracing an approach focused on the client’s needs.

Business lines
BCR offers a wide range of banking services for retail clients: current account, saving products, secured and unsecured loans, internet and phone banking, “Primeste pensia în cont curent” (“Receive your pension in the current account”), direct debit, standing order, money transfer payments, traveler’s cheques, SEIF BCR – lockboxes and sealed bags, transfers of amounts in hard currency.

For corporate clients, BCR offers financing for the investments of local public authorities in the social and utilities infrastructure (large and small cities), co-financing for the implementation of international funding programs: PHARE/SAPARD/EBRD/EU, investment loans and financing of the working capital for SMEs, financing of trade, factoring, cash management for large companies, e-payment solutions (local taxes and fees, banking transfer, multi-cash)..

Management
The highest governance body in BCR is the Supervisory Board, whose President does not hold an executive position within BCR.

The BCR management is structured on two levels: the executive management – Senior Management, made of five executive members and the supervisory level – Supervisory Board, made of seven members, fully non-executives (namely uninvolved in adopting current – executive – decisions of the company).

The Senior Management reports to the Supervisory Board and regularly informs the board on the decisions made on duty. The Supervisory Board approves the bank strategy, including the social responsibility strategy, upon proposal of the Senior Management.

Supervisory Board

 * Andreas Treichl, CEO
 * Franz Hochstrasser, Deputy CEO
 * Manfred Wimmer, CFO / CPO
 * Gernot Mittendorfer, CRO
 * Herbert Juranek, COO

Social responsibility
For almost 16 years, Banca Comercială Română has been contributing annually with approximately EUR 2 million to the community’s sustainable development, by supporting projects that were in line with the national priorities and the bank’s vision.

 * Personal finance is a financial education program for high-school students developed by BCR together with Junior Achievement Romania over a 3-year period.
 * Start!Business is a project aimed at developing entrepreneurship among students, implemented with the support of BCR employees.
 * BCR Hopes aims at supporting the musical education of some talented children and young people who face financial hardship.

Sponsorships

 * BCR is title sponsor of the most popular sports event hosted in Romania, the international BCR OPEN tennis tournament. The BCR OPEN tournament has a 15-year-old history in the ATP World Tour 250 series circuit and has become the leading tennis tournament in South-Eastern Europe over time, with important prizes in money and the possibility of collecting ATP points.
 * In 2010, BCR became the Official Partner of the Romanian Tennis Federation (FRT). Under this cooperation, the two partners launched the BCR FUTURES ROMANIA circuit: a series of 17 tournaments (9 for men and 8 for women), each of them offering prizes worth USD 10,000. The tournaments take place in Bucharest, Pitesti, Bacau, Brasov, Medias, Cluj, Iasi, Craiova, Arad, Onesti, Bals.
 * Over its 20 years of activity, BCR sponsored the Awards Gala of the Writers’ Union of Romania, the Awards Gala of the Association of Television Professionals, the International Theater Festival from Sibiu, the Shakespeare Festival from Craiova, the Medieval Festival from Sighisoara, the International Jazz Festival from Sibiu, the Enescu Festival and the research work of musicologist Viorel Cosma – the Romanian Music Encyclopedia.

title: Banca Comercială Română


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Like lions

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 05:06, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Like lions
Probably not notable, having only released a few songs. Thue | talk 09:20, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable. utcursch | talk 11:47, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete doesn't satisfy WP:MUSIC.--Isotope23 17:08, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Talk:Sean Parker

title: Talk:Sean Parker


text:
User:Masonmop

The 'masonmop is a psuedonym and alternate personality of Geroge Kampow who in turn is the psuedonym of a 15 year old Australian who would prefer to remain anonymous.

Superpowers
The character the masonmop is a giant stone superhero who fights crime with his stone mop. He started a secret cult that call themselves the masons-mop.This superhero literally 'cleans up' a city with this mop. The mop is a magical mop that wil pass straight through anything except criminals, and, of course, the masonmop himself

title: User:Masonmop


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ghiyasuddin School

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was no consensus. -R. fiend 05:02, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Ghiyasuddin School
Non-notable less than 15 year old school. Accomplishments listed on their web site show nothing spectacular. I'm sure its nice and all, but no reason given for why it belongs in an encyclopeida. Johntex\talk 09:22, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep It's a school. This encyclopedia does not have to be squeezed into 32 volumes CalJW 10:32, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. If it was the first primary school built, maybe. This would be better off as an article titled "Primary Education in (Insert name of country here)".--inksT 10:53, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * How is that a reason for deletion? Kappa 14:03, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 'keep article may not be perfect but no strong reason apparent to favour deletion --Isolani 11:02, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Schools/Arguments and to address systemic bias. Nice to see my creation getting some attention though. Kappa 14:03, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, amazingly, this article actually has some information on it that lifts it above phone book status (opened by a President, named after someone with a claim to notability). Now if you'll excuse me, I'm off to take some pictures of flying pigs for Wikicommons. --Last Malthusian 15:26, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain Let me know how those pictures turn out.--Isotope23 15:51, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. I realize that there are a tremendous number of arguments for and against retaining school articles, but whether the school is named after a notable person should be irrelevant.  If a school is named after Abraham Lincoln or George Washington, that doesn't make it more notable than if the exact same school were named after the neighborhood in which it is located.  If Ghiyasuddin, the school's namesake, is notable, then an article should be written about him rather than have his biography in an article about the school. --Metropolitan90 03:56, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep useful article, which helps people learn about another country. --rob 16:34, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Although it isn't amongst the best I've seen, there already exist numerous articles on other infamous schools, and as CalJW says, Wikipedia doesn't have to be squeezed into a certain size... bjelleklang 16:58, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Do you mean non-infamous? Negative plus negative prefix which has linguistically ameliorated in this case :). Marskell 23:23, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as per Schools/Arguments and to resolve systemic bias. Silensor 20:29, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per User:Inkypaws
 * Delete per nom.Gateman1997 22:48, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete NN. Marskell 23:19, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn school --JAranda | yeah 01:00, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Systemic bias? Isn't that why we have 3.5x10^25 different language-based Wikipedias? And I think to myself - a school named after a person who introduced breadfruit. Now there's a reason for a claim of notability. CalJW may not be concerned with squeezing Wikipedia onto paper, but I am concerned with being able to squeeze Wikipedia onto servers (which are a little more expensive than paper), and onto access time. I think of you, CalJW, every time it takes a Wiki page 40 seconds to load. Denni ☯ 01:56, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah we have 3.5x10^25 different language-based Wikipedias so we can all get everything we need just by learning 3.5x10^25 different languages. Kappa 02:02, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * keep please we should not have to know hundreds of languages to get information each wikipedia can store this okay Yuckfoo 02:38, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - "....wikipedia's coverage of the many aspects of any country..." *ahem* --Oblivious 03:50, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The school is not unique as suggested for an article in WP:PJSCH.  There is no claim in policy that all schools are notable. Vegaswikian 05:24, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * WP:PJSCH suggests that almost all schools are unique enough for an article. Kappa 06:19, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete As Kappa notes, WP:PJSCH is an openly inclusionary model and certainly not authoritative (in the sense that it is somehow a binding set of principles). The enthusiasts for listing every school on the face of the planet will of course disagree, but this is just another nn assemblage of bricks. Dottore So 06:57, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge the short school description with List of schools in the Maldives per Schools/Arguments. Sjakkalle (Check!)  08:47, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Last Malthusian. This entry actually contains interesting info. (Build with help of Japanese, named after person to introduce breadfruit to the Maledives and opened by president.) It's shorter than I'd like, but not a regular non-encyclopedic phonebook entry. Based on the size of the Maledivian community there's a fair chance the school also holds a record of some sort. - Mgm|(talk) 09:08, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Also named after Muhammad Ghiyasuddin, who ruled the Maldives as a Sultan. --Oblivious 09:21, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete or Merge per nom. Ryan Norton T 09:23, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per above arguments. Xoloz 09:52, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * keep. Schools are worthy of having a place on Wikipedia. --ShaunMacPherson 12:18, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * keep. All school noms are bad-faith hideous wastes of everyones time. Any user that is aware of this and nominates a school has violated WP:POINT. Hipocrite - « Talk » 14:23, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps it would be better to assume good WP:FAITH, no? Ryan Norton T 15:07, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * "All school noms are bad-faith" is itself a bad-faith comment. Marskell 15:11, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * You raise a good point. I have corrected my comments and apologize for assuming that the nominator was aware of the hideous waste of time that school nominations inevitably are. Hipocrite - « Talk » 15:16, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * ... also if all NN schools are to be deleted, then all NN movies (from hollywood, bollywood, tollywood, and god-knows-what-wood) should also be deleted, right? so... i say strong keep --Oblivious 16:01, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * So your reasoning is that "if all schools that don't deserve to be in Wikipedia should not be in Wikipedia, then all other articles that don't deserve to be in Wikipedia should not be Wikipedia". Sounds fine to me (even if bordering on circular). Put the articles you feel are NN up on AfD, and vote in a manner consistent with your reasoning.--inksT 03:56, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Inky please don't misrepresent others' logic. Kappa 04:16, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speak for yourself. You misrepresent the logic of people voting "keep" on schools on a regular basis. If you have a problem with my interpretation, debate it, and do it on my talk page, not here.--inksT 05:20, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Your misrepresentation of Oblivious' logic should be discussed here, in context. Oblivious is clearly not claiming that Hollywood movies should be deleted even when "non-notable" of their type. Why aren't you listing non-notable pokemons and Hollywood movies on Afd, if you think it's appropriate? Kappa 05:40, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * We've moved on from debating this AfD, to you debating my interpretation. It's much more civil to have this sort of discussion on my talk page, because it very much disrupts the debate here, kinda like having a brawl on a sidewalk. Any contextual issues can be solved with a link back here. How about it? Respond on my talk page, please.--inksT 05:59, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Uh - Inky didn't respresent anyone's logic. Oblivious asked what he thought was a rhetorical question with a "no" answer and Inky surprised Oblivious with a "yes" answer... Ryan Norton T 05:50, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Hipocrite, I thank you for retracting your allegation that of bad-faith. However, I feel compelled to point out that I believe in this nomination and I am not attempting to make any sort of point, other than that this particular article fails the test of notability and should be deleted.  If you look at my Contributions, you will see that I nominate a fair number of articles for deletion because they fail notability standards.  Schools are a very small percentage of my delete nominations or votes.    Schools, businesses, destroyers, girrafes, eggplants, people, or any specific instance of any other thing needs to be notable enough to merit inclusion in this encyclopedia or he/she/it should not be included.  There is no Wikipedia policy that says that all schools are notable or that all schools should or must be kept.  I believe the true waste of time is in creating and defending non-notable articles, not the effort to have them excised from the project. And to answer Oblivious' question, my answer would be "absolutely", not notable bands, movies, etc. should be deleted are deleted here everyday.  Schools do not have a policy protecting them from the same legitimate scrutiny.  Johntex\talk 21:29, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I will second the "clap, clap" for a mature retraction. And I will also second John's larger point. I won't nom schools (I never go looking for them anyway) but I vote delete when there is no assertion of notability beyond "the bricks and mortar." I'm sure a lot of work has gone into the school's project but there is nothing binding about it. Wiki is not a directory. Wiki is discursive but not indiscriminate. I simply do not find schools notable. Marskell 21:47, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Hear, hear. It is dealing with the inflexible inclusionist that makes me a more inflexible deletionist when I would much rather be flexible. I am quite prepared to vote in favor of a school article where some merit is shown, but I will fiercely resist blanket approval of schools simply because they are schools. Denni ☯ 00:05, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * "It is dealing with the inflexible inclusionist that makes me a more inflexible deletionist when I would much rather be flexible" is as clear a way to put it as I can imagine. Marskell 00:12, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Denni how can you claim to be flexible when you aren't even prepared to share server space with schools? Kappa 03:51, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * From your comment, it seems to me that you are not interested in reading any posts other than your own. Not only have I stated repeatedly that I support school articles where the school can show some reasonable degree of notability, but I have even (gasp!) actually voted to keep some school articles. What I am not prepared to do, Kappa, is to share server space with articles on every so-called school on this planet, most of which are uttterly lacking in anything worthy of note. Have you even once voted to delete a school article? Thought not. Denni ☯ 21:48, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * His reasoning is the same as mine - schools with notability, just like every other subject. Ryan Norton T 05:50, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep as per Schools/Arguments, it just need to be expanded. There are many school articles that started out as stubs and later became full articles after contributions by multiple users. Hardly any of these full school articles are nominated for AfD. --Vsion 04:57, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Precisely. If a school article contains information which demonstrates the school is of note, and is what could be described as a full article, it will not be deleted. It seems those who contribute school articles feel all that is necessary is to name a building as a school, and that constitutes enough info for it to deserve to be kept. Denni ☯ 21:55, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Another school targeted for easy deletion because it is in Asia. Help fight systemic bias against Asian schools by voting keep.--Nicodemus75 17:56, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * What a load of rot. You have no evidence of systemic bias because none exists. Most normal Wikipedians will vote to keep or delete articles on the basis of their content, not their subject. It is those like yourself who vote to keep on the basis of subject that see plots where there are none. Denni ☯ 23:48, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * You and many other presumably "normal Wikipedians" want to delete articles based on their subject (being a "non-notable school"). Kappa 00:03, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Skritch skritch skritch (sound of hair being pulled out). Maybe if I type r e a l l y s l o w l y, I won't be misunderstood. I will vote to delete an article on anything which does not have requisite notability. I do not have some special vendetta against schools. I will also vote to delete articles on destroyers, pokemons, and star trek characters which are not demonstrably notable. However, I do not vote to delete schools categorially in the same way that some vote to keep them, that is to say, without apparently even reading the articles to ensure something is actually being said. Denni ☯  22:07, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * If you vote to delete villages, Simpsons episodes, and metro stations which are "not demonstrably notable", you are not a normal wikipedian, and you are wasting your time and that of the editors who will have to outvote you. Kappa 00:02, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * That, Kappa, is the whole point. If you want your way, you will have to outvote me. I will be here, and I will not let you get your pathetic little article for free. Denni ☯ 05:58, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * What? That's a personal attack if I ever saw one. No need to go around calling others "abnormal" because they hold a different viewpoint to the majority. In accordance with WP:NPA, you might want to reconsider that statement.--inksT 01:10, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * This from the editor that calls the philosophical position that schools are inherently notable, "stupid". Please don't go around lecturing others about WP:NPA and WP:CIVIL until you clean up your own act.--Nicodemus75 01:21, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Please. Firstly, describing a philosophical position as stupid is not an attack on the person who holds it (eg. You are stupid vs You are a Nobel Prize Winning Wikipedian, but your argument is stupid). Second, I've only ever called it stupid once. Third, I retracted it and apologised the moment it was pointed out to me it was rude. Fourth, my conduct has no bearing on the rudeness (or otherwise) of your conduct. Even if I've called you "abnormal", it doesn't grant you license to call someone else "abnormal". In constrast, your use of the term "not a normal Wikipedian" was clearly directed at the individual, not the arguments he was advancing, and you're making up excuses to justify it.--inksT 04:17, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Please. First of all, it is at best uncivil to refer to someone else's philosophical position "stupid", and a great many editors on WP would consider it a personal attack. Next, I (nor anyone else for that matter) have not referred to anyone as "abnormal", in fact, you are the only one to have used this term so far. Next, it was Denni (like yourself, one of "those who routinely nominate or vote to delete school articles") who first made the statement that: "Most normal Wikipedians will vote to keep or delete articles on the basis of their content, not their subject," indicating that those of us who vote to keep or delete on articles on the basis of their subject are somehow "not normal Wikipedians" by obverse implication. When KAPPA (obviously not me or my sockpuppet) simply retorted about what 'must' constitute a "normal wikipedian" by that standard, you accused him of making a personal attack. As to your contention that your misbehavior doesn't give "me" (or in this case, Kappa) license to abuse others, you are correct, but your abusing others or being uncivil and then going about admonishing others for being uncivil does make you a hypocrite. What I'd like to know, is why you weren't rushing to remind Denni about his uncivil statements when he suggested that those of us that decide to vote on the basis of subject are "abnormal" (as you put it).--Nicodemus75 04:55, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps you should get out a dictionary and look up "normal", Nicodemus. No, wait, let me do it for you. "normal - adj. 1. regular, usual, typical" Not so scary after all, huh? No mention of brain scans, ECT, or twitchy eyes. No, school inclusionists are probably not "normal" Wikipedians. "Normal" Wikipedians actually take the time to read articles before voting on them, and actually ask themselves whether an article contains anything of merit before deciding to keep it. This is true of schools, pokemons, and star trek characters. If stating what is apparently true can be construed as a personal attack, then all of us are in big trouble. Now can I help you with the definition of "abnormal"? Denni ☯ 05:58, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It's not about viewpoints, it's about actions. Many normal wikipedians think "delete Simpons episodes" but they don't bother voting that way when they realize there's no consensus to do it. 01:45, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Agree with Denni. No one has mentioned Asia. The nom, votes and argument would be the same if it were Kansas School, Kansas City, Kansas. The repeated recourse to systemic bias in these keep arguments is specious. Marskell 00:07, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The claim that there is not a systemic bias against schools outside of the English-speaking geographical pale is specious. By their very nature, there is a systemic bias against schools whose primary source references are in another language. This renders what "those who routinely nominate and vote to delete schools" consider to be articles of an inferior quality and more likely to garner delete votes on the basis of a poorly-written article and difficulty of verifiability. Asian schools have been conspicuously targeted in the past 45 days by a variety of "those who routinely nominate and vote to delete schools". Apart from the bad faith mass-nomination of 24 schools in one day in September, Asian schools represented 15% of all school AfD nominations in the month, while representing a much smaller percentage of the total number of school articles on Wikipedia. If that doesn't consitute a systemic bias, I am not sure what does.--Nicodemus75 00:50, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * A systemic bias is systemic. It does not pop up suddenly one day or one month, and the number of school pages that show up in a month is small enough that statistical fluctuation is everything. I would also question your use of the term "conspicuously targeted". I can only assume that you see a plot a-hatchin' when you use language like that. First, there have not been a whole lot of Asian schools nominated, Second, the vote counts for those schools was pretty much the same as it usually is, with the usual cast of character casting the usual distribution of votes. In fact, one Asian School, Apeejay Public School, actually garnered some keep votes from some (myself included), who, as you so quaintly put it, "routinely nominate and vote to delete schools." If you really wish to test this conspiracy theory of yours, you may want to go back to those delete votes and see who it was that originally brought them to AfD. I expect you will find they were nominated by a diverse group, including some who do not participate here on a regular basis. Denni ☯ 06:19, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable. Christopher Parham (talk) 00:11, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Schools/Arguments.  Un  focused  06:52, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:193.184.117.11

title: User talk:193.184.117.11


text:
Data Authentication Algorithm

The Data Authentication Algorithm (DAA) is a former U.S. government standard for producing cryptographic message authentication codes. DAA is defined in FIPS PUB 113, which was withdrawn on September 1, 2008. The algorithm is not considered secure by today's standards. According to the standard, a code produced by the DAA is called a Data Authentication Code (DAC). The algorithm chain encrypts the data, with the last cipher block truncated and used as the DAC.

The DAA is equivalent to ISO/IEC 9797-1 MAC algorithm 1, or CBC-MAC, with DES as the underlying cipher, truncated to between 24 and 56 bits (inclusive).

title: Data Authentication Algorithm


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Back to Basics (Billy Bragg album)

Back to Basics is a 1987 collection of Billy Bragg's first three releases: The albums Life's a Riot with Spy Vs. Spy and Brewing Up with Billy Bragg, and the EP Between the Wars—all of which make their debut in the United States here. This collection did not contain any new material, but did document Billy Bragg's early "one man and his guitar" approach. The songs collected on this release demonstrate major recurrent themes in Bragg's work: highly critical commentary on Thatcherite Britain, laced with poetic love songs. The collection was re-released in November 1993 on the Cooking Vinyl label.

Track listing

 * 1) "The Milkman of Human Kindness" (Life's a Riot)
 * 2) "To Have and To Have Not" (Life's a Riot)
 * 3) "Richard" (Life's a Riot)
 * 4) "Lovers Town Revisited" (Life's a Riot)
 * 5) "A New England" (Life's a Riot)
 * 6) "The Man in the Iron Mask" (Life's a Riot)
 * 7) "The Busy Girl Buys Beauty" (Life's a Riot)
 * 8) "It Says Here" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 9) "Love Gets Dangerous" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 10) "The Myth of Trust" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 11) "From a Vauxhall Velox" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 12) "The Saturday Boy" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 13) "Island of No Return" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 14) "St Swithin's Day" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 15) "Like Soldiers Do" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 16) "This Guitar Says Sorry" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 17) "Strange Things Happen" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 18) "A Lover Sings" (Brewing Up With Billy Bragg)
 * 19) "Between the Wars" (Between The Wars)
 * 20) "World Turned Upside Down" (Between The Wars)
 * 21) "Which Side Are You On?" (Between The Wars)

title: Back to Basics (Billy Bragg album)


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Education in the Maldives

Traditionally children aged three and up in the Maldives were educated in traditional schools known as "Kiyavaage" or "Edhurge", generally using a single large room or the shelter of tree. The children learn simple arithmetic, Dhivehi and some Arabic, and practice reciting the Qur'an. These private schools no longer exist, as western style schools replaced them in the 1980s-1990s·

The first western-style school in the Maldives is Majeediyya School, a secondary established in 1927. The school was originally co-educational, but it was felt necessary to create a second school for girls (Aminiya School) in 1944.

Based on a study by educational advisors from UNESCO, the Government of Maldives began implementation of the Educational Development Project on 6 October 1976. This Project constituted a comprehensive programme of educational development comprising Expansion of Primary Education, Teacher Training, Curriculum Development, Educational Radio, Community Education Programme for Adult Education and Textbook Development and Printing. The first School under this Project was opened in Baa Atoll Eydhafushi in March 1978 followed by another 2 in N. Manadhoo and HDh. Kulhudhuffushi in March 1979. Schools construction was continued in all atolls and was later complemented by Primary Schools construction project by Japan. Curriculum Development began in 1976, while Teacher Training began in 1977. Simultaneously other Programmes were introduced and continued through the 1970s and until the mid-1980s from where on the First Ten Year Master Plan for Educational (1986-1995) began implementation. Second Master Plan was implemented 1996–2005. These were the bases of educational development in the Maldives begun by the government of President Nasir continued by President Gayoom.

As of 2002, the President's Office claimed that universal primary education has almost been achieved and the literacy rate had improved from 70 percent in 1978 to 98.82 percent. In 2005, there were 106,220 students in schools, or 40% of the total population.

Higher education
A National University Act was passed in January 2011 to establish the first university in the Maldives. Institutions offering higher education in the Maldives are:
 * Maldives National University, which was previously known as the Maldives College of Higher Education. The college had offered 95% of the post-secondary education in the Maldives
 * Cyryx College
 * Mandhu College, which provides tertiary education to lower and higher secondary school leavers.
 * Villa College, which has offered degree courses in computing and IT since 2007.
 * MAPS College
 * Ixcel Centre for Professional Studies
 * Avid College
 * Maldives Business School
 * Maldives Polytechnic

title: Education in the Maldives