text:
User talk:Tony1/Archive01

'''DO NOT EDIT OR POST REPLIES TO THIS PAGE. THIS PAGE IS AN ARCHIVE.'''

This archive page covers approximately the dates between 4 August 2005 and 14 October 2005.

Post replies to the User_talk:Tony1, copying or summarising the section you are replying to if necessary.

Welcome from Redwolf24
Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. We as a community are glad to have you and thank you for creating a user account! Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * Merging, redirecting, and renaming pages
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Yes some of the links appear a bit boring at first, but they are VERY helpful if you ever take the time to read them.

Remember to place any articles you create into a category so we don't get orphans.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, please be sure to sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes (~~~~) to produce your name and the current date, or three tildes (~~~) for just your name. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome.

Redwolf24

P.S. I like messages :-P

Robert Gilbert The science of Robert Gilbert

Australian Broadcasting Corporation
Hi Tony. I see you've started at rewrite of this article. Thank you. However, in the interests of article stability, I'd like to revert the article to your Revision as of 18:24, 1 August. General practice for users' conducting major rewrites of articles is to do so in a temporary sub-page. There are two options for sub-pages: you can create a sub-page of the article concerned, or you can create a sub-page in your user-space. Sub-pages are not accessed by our readers (unless they go looking for them). In article space these pages are usually called "/temp" and in user-space they are typically entitled either "/sandbox", "/draft" or "/scratch pad". If you wish, I can transfer the "work in progress" article to Talk:Australian Broadcasting Corporation/Rewrite or to User:Tony1/Draft (or a name of your choice. Alternatively, you can do so yourself. Please let me know either way ASAP so the article can be restored to stable version. --Cyberjunkie | Talk 16:15, 4 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It appears you've retired for the night. Consequently, I have unilaterally moved your last version of the article to User:Tony1/Sandbox (you can move it to another name if you'd like). You can finish working on your rewrite there (if you intend to) and then transfer it to the article. Happy editing, --Cyberjunkie | Talk 16:33, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

From e-mail
Thanks for that; is it possible to append a flag to the main article, as a courtesy; otherwise, there might be two efforts in parallel. Tony

 * Technically, yes. However, there exists no notice for this purpose and it seems that prevailing mood on Wikipedia is against placing editor-related notices in articles. I don’t share this view, but some say it tarnishes Wikipedia’s image as an encyclopaedia by displaying “behind-the-scenes” work. The only template I can think of that serves a related function is inuse (see Template talk:Inuse for other varieties), which an editor places on the article whilst editing. This just advise others' not to try and edit whilst you are, and thus, prevents edit conflicts. I've added a link to the ABC talk page so that others can access it, but perhaps you might like to post a comment notifying people of the page, and perhaps request they partake.

 * As for staying logged-in, the only thing I can recommend is checking the "Remember me" box next time you log in. So long as you don't delete/clear your cookies, Wikipedia should keep you logged-on. When I edit from university, I don't use "remember me" and sometimes get logged-out. I don't know why this happens, but it is annoying and I can understand your frustration.

 * Thanks, --Cyberjunkie | Talk 09:45, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Thanks, will do later tonight. What about one of those as a warning at the top of the ABC edit box? Tony 10:03, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

 * That's a good idea. --Cyberjunkie | Talk 10:21, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The only thing I can suggest is hit "save" again. I think its just a bug in the wiki-software that causes that to happen. It has happened to me before, as well. If after saving again you are returned to preview, open a new edit box and transfer your changes to it and save. In any case, you have a back-up in Word. Good luck, --Cyberjunkie | Talk 07:02, 6 August 2005 (UTC)

ABC Rewrite
Why can't the article be edited in place? The wiki is a system specifically devised so that people can collaboratively work on articles in place. To fiddle with this and set up a new system where the article is to be edited away from where it is should normally be expeced to be found seems to be against this principle.

The re-write shold be done in place because:

--Wm 22:02, 8 August 2005 (UTC)
 * It is not necessarily obvious to a casual visitor that they should navigate to a new position to edit the page
 * It is not possible to monitor the changes being using the difference engine
 * It is totally unnecessary - the page can already easily be edited in place.
 * Any new article will have to be accepted - it is safer to make the changes incrementally so that they can be reviewed by comparison to the previous version as is the normal practise

 * Hello Wm. The reason I created a temporary sub-page for Tony was because his rewrite was leaving the article, as viewed by our readers, in a ghastly state (refer Revision as of 23:51, 4 August 2005). It was not appropriate, in my view, to leave the article with notices such as "WORK IN PROGRESS.." placed randomly throughout. To rectify this, I created a temporary sub-page in which Tony could go about the (much needed) rewrite at his own pace. This is not an uncommon thing on Wikipedia. Users wanting to make major edits to an article, but not wishing to expose the often messy process to our readers, will create a sub-page in the user-space or of the article. This is why you will often see "temp" or "rewrite" sub-pages of articles, and "sandbox", "drafts", "lab" or "scratch-pad" in user-space.
 * The use of a sub-page by no means excludes editors from editing the actual article. It is the responsibility of anyone using a sub-page for a rewrite to incorporate any changes made to the article. I have changed the html comment that Tony placed in the article to reflect this. I have also posted a brief explanation on the article's talk page.
 * I don't believe any wiki-principles (which you seem to strongly support) are being compromised. And, as mentioned, this is not unusual. Ideally, it would be nice to have editors make changes to an article incrementally without need for a sub-page. Hopefully, however, you understand why it was necessary in this case. If you have any further concerns, please let me know. Thanks, --Cyberjunkie | Talk 09:36, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

Emailing
Well did it stop timing out on you? Anyways, with a lot of us try leaving a message on our User talk page. If we take too long to respond, THEN email. Thanks, Redwolf24 02:04, 6 August 2005 (UTC)

Australia
Hi, am I overereacting or is Jiong theying to sneakly insert an anti-immigration POV, the references added are either nonspecific or misrepresented? Your opinion on the talk page would be appreciated. Also, thanks for you comments on the Womens project, I probably won't get it up and running anytime soon, but I'll let you know when I do. Til then I'll work on the economy article along with my many other unfinished projects.--nixie 02:12, 11 August 2005 (UTC)

Canberra
Hi, while you were away I decided to work on Canberra to get it to featured standard. I'd appreciate a critical read through if you get a chance, there is still a fair bit of repetition left over from my reorganisation of the old text and there may be things that still should be added. On the ABC rewrite, I rarely find it useful to work in a temp page. Usually I tear up the old version in article space - but I find it's best to work in chunks with this approach so the article is still useful to the reader and I so the page still looks relatively complete. I'll be happy to lend a hand if you need one. Hope you had a good break. --nixie 15:09, 21 August 2005 (UTC)

Tasmanian Devil article
You're welcome. I found the article while looking for instances of the word "goverment" in wikipedia. Your message motivated me to take a closer look at the article, and its talk page had a question I could at least comment on. That was an interesting coincidence. Graham 10:00, 29 August 2005 (UTC)

Removal from the Order of Canada
To answer your question, the above article was suggested earlier to be merged to the main Order of Canada by a vote on WP:VFD. I cleaned up the article that I started, and people decided against merging the article. That was why it was never merged anywhere. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 16:31, 29 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Does my response on the FAC page of the article answers your objections? Is there anything else I can do to gain your vote of support for the article? Zscout370 (Sound Off) 17:50, 31 August 2005 (UTC)

See my talk page
R e  dwolf24  (talk) 00:25, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Nice photo

 * Tiss' better to see who you are talking to... [[Image:Eyes.gif]] [[Image:Eyes.gif]]  Scott 00:40:27, 2005-08-30 (UTC)

Lutosławski
Hello, Tony1. Thanks for your support for my FAC nomination of the Lutosławski article. I am grateful for your interest. I see you are a professional editor so I welcome your input, and criticise your contribution with some trepidation, but I think you introduced factual inaccuracy and an Easter Egg link into the introduction as well as effectively deleting some implicit information. Lutosławski does not ask for any improvisation from individual instrumentalists; he did not leave any doubt over how any of his compositions is to be realised. The Easter-egg link arose when you hid People's Republic of Poland under Poland; this also deleted implicit information - the sentence was trying to make clear that the Stalinist Poland mentioned is not exactly modern Poland (there's even a separate article for it) - I've made this more explicit. His solistic works (song cycles and concertos) were the ones written for renowned musicians, you're right that it wasn't phrased clearly enough before. Finally I didn't understand what was wrong with toe the line: you certainly don't adhere to a line; again I've recast this sentence. Overall I think your edit has led to an improvement, thanks. --RobertG ♬ talk 09:13, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Hubble Deep Field
Thanks for your comprehensive copyediting of Hubble Deep Field! It really helped the article a lot. I have followed up with a few further revisions to some parts, hopefully to clarify more points - please do get the red pen out again if you think the text needs any more work. Worldtraveller 15:40, 30 August 2005 (UTC)

Cerebellum
It is in fact a real brain, Tony.— Encephalon |  ζ   11:23:50, 2005-09-01 (UTC)

Asthma
Beautiful edits, Tony. Thanks!— Encephalon |  ζ   05:29:34, 2005-09-02 (UTC)

Bach photo
Hey, no problem! Have you seen the Picture tutorial? --RobertG ♬ talk 11:13, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

You didn't get it wrong: you just missed a bit! :-) As for sound: sorry, I've not uploaded any myself.  Find an ogg file and look at its history, see who uploaded it and ask them?  --RobertG ♬ talk 11:41, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Review request
Hi, if you get a chance could you take a look at Fauna of Australia, I'd like one more set of eyes to read through it before it goes to FAC. Many thanks. --nixie 05:28, 4 September 2005 (UTC)

Lutosławski
Thanks, Tony, yes it's quite gratifying. I do not see bestowing featured article status as the end of the line - you go ahead and improve the article as you see fit. If you can get a short sound sample of one of his later works without infringing copyright I'm all in favour! What about Naxos? I'm going to be taking a wiki-break; when I get access to a digital camera I shall take some photos of a few pages of full score and upload them if I am convinced that it's fair use. --RobertG ♬ talk 07:43, 4 September 2005 (UTC)

Review MOND
I've carried out the requested tasks on MOND. Please review and comment/vote at Featured article candidates/Modified Newtonian dynamics/archive1. Thank you for your kind cooperation. Loom91 17:37, 5 September 2005 (UTC)

Thunderball FAC
Thanks for your evaluation of Thunderball. If you have time, any editing you can do to increase the quality of the article would be much appreciated. Thank you for your time thus far. K1Bond007 01:44, September 6, 2005 (UTC)

FA topics
There is an unwritten rule maintained on FAC that anything that can survive the deletion process has the potential to become a featured article. I tend to agree with you that some pop culture items are vaguely idiotic and I wouldn't spend my time on them, however many contributors write about what they like rather than what is important encyclopedic content. Take a look at this List of articles all languages should have, and note how many are FAs. It's quite unfortunate that FAC is the only editorial validation process that Wikipedia has (WP:PR doesn't really count since participation is very patchy), since it doesn't tend to bring out the best in most editors or produce the best content (the criteria are poorly defined and unevenly applied), in my experience articles that have been written as a collaboration with internal peer review are usually the best. Enough rambling. --nixie 01:26, 7 September 2005 (UTC)

imac
Thanks for your comments. I don't have too much knowledge about the imac, but I'll critique it anyways. =Nichalp «Talk»=  08:20, September 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Critiqued! =Nichalp «Talk»=  10:13, September 7, 2005 (UTC)

I got your note. Thanks for your work on it, it looks great. I just tweaked some of the language (very minor), trying to preserve non-American English ;) I'm also glad you love your iMac, once you've used Mac OS X, you really can't go anywhere else!! Ramallite (talk) 03:14, 8 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your wishes. I need some of my articles copyedited once in a while, and since you do have long experience in this department, may I message you once in a while? I'll be submitting Bhutan to FAC today, and if you see any minor errors in the text, please feel free to correct it. =Nichalp «Talk»=  04:07, September 8, 2005 (UTC)

Bhutan
Thanks for your wonderful copyedit to the Bhutan article. Makes it much better. I had linked gelid to wikitionary so that a reader might at least click it. Is your post on FAC a comment or neutral vote? =Nichalp «Talk»=  12:30, September 8, 2005 (UTC)

I just saw your comments on the Nepal talk page. I can turn my arm over for the Nepal page too, but I lack copyediting skills. Would you be amenable to copyediting Nepal if I clean it up? I hope I'm not dragging you away from your other WP tasks? =Nichalp «Talk»=  12:51, September 9, 2005 (UTC)

 * I can get *lots* of images. Try this site: and search under cc-by- and cc-by-sa. I can also make the maps, and user:Captain Blood generates the terrain maps. So all that's left is the copyediting and the IPA.  =Nichalp  «Talk»=  13:43, September 9, 2005 (UTC)

Vocab
Would you like some comments here: Vocabulary levels? It's on the levels of vocabulary that can be used in wikipedia. =Nichalp «Talk»=  18:58, September 9, 2005 (UTC)

Pan American World Airways
Hello, I looked over the article and did some more corrections. Could you see if there are anymore problems? Thanks. Pentawing 22:40, September 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * I have attempted addressed your concerns for the rest of the article, but I need a second look. Pentawing 17:21, September 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks, given that it was almost a "one-man operation" (aside from a few people including yourself, no one else helped). Pentawing 01:23, September 12, 2005 (UTC)

Music of Nigeria images
Tony, I responded on my talk page to your query about the music of Nigeria article. (I prefer keeping discussion in one place instead of fragmenting it.) I hope my suggestions might prove useful. BrianSmithson 22:25, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

Hopkins School FAC
Your nasty comment at the end wasn't needed, but the rest were quite helpful notes. I fixed what you mentioned, please let me know what else you see. Staxringold 01:19, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Sorry to give offence, Stax; it was a bit naughty of me. Although my final statement was a slight exaggeration, I stand by it in principle. I'd remove mention of the school motto, frankly; the school should reword it, because the sexual overtones are inescapable in modern English. The problem is that the whole article needs serious rewriting. Can you find someone to go through it? What about one of the English staff at the school who's good at editing—surely they have an interest in it? Tony 01:31, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Heh, we should probably keep this to the FAC page. I posted there. Staxringold 01:48, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Curpsbot-unicodify
It doesn't change straight to curly quotes, it only changes &#…; and &…; (and %xx) into literal Unicode characters. Which article are you referrring to? If you want a particular article to be processed by the bot in the near future, just leave me a note. -- Curps 18:09, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Belarus
Does it still have any grammar problems? Zach (Sound Off) 02:14, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

Spoo
Hello! Just a heads-up - I've responded to and addressed your objections over at Featured article candidates/Spoo/archive1. Thanks for your time! --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 03:43, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

 * First, let me just say, (as ALoan noted), the article is so much better, thanks to you and Scott's criticism. Ideally, all the issues that I was oblivious to should have been taken care of in Peer Review, but as has been noted elsewhere on FAC, there is a decided lack of editors on PR that can assist an article's growth, let alone actual professionals such as yourself.  Your two detailed critiques to which I have replied in detail have been especially instrumental in the article's development at this late stage.
 * To say the least, I am not the best writer in the world, but in true wiki fassion the article has been improved considerably thanks to quite a few users, especially yourself, for which I am endlessly greatful. I truly believe the article, as it now stands, is worthy of FA-hood.  No matter whether or not you support it, I extend my genuine thanks.  --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 00:54, 14 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Just saw your edits to Spoo, By the way. Much appreciated! -Jeff
 * You wrote:
 * Jeffrey, in that case, I'm wondering why you didn't enlist editorial support before nominating it.
 * The thing is, I did. Before I put it on FAC, I had (what I thought was) a pretty extensive peer review.  I invited several editors familiar with Babylon 5 to review the article and comment on PR.  If you look at the PR, there were comments, just not to the extent that you brought up.  Before I even thought of taking it to FAC I asked, in bold letters, if there was anything that could inhibit an effective FAC, with only one reply (and she didn't follow up).  That is simply further evidence of the lack of real attention paid to peer review by editors willing to take the time.   --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 04:44, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

Tony, it's crunch time for me over at the Spoo FAC. I have further tweaked the prose per Scott's latest suggestion; coupled with your recent edits and my adjustment of the pictures, can I look forward to a change in vote? No matter what you decide, thanks again. --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 23:28, 15 September 2005 (UTC)

Hello - I've already replied to and fixed the stuff mentioned in your last comment - I've just moved it up towards the middle of the nomination page so that all your comments were in one spot. --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 03:54, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

Happiness
I've edited it slightly and added the reference to that figure. Thanks. =Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  09:37, September 12, 2005 (UTC)

I hope you don't mind, the 'unique' award. (I'm in a rather funny mood today. :) )<font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  11:22, September 12, 2005 (UTC)

 * Glad you like it. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  11:46, September 12, 2005 (UTC)

Charles Darwin
Firstly, many thanks for pointing out improvements needed to this article. It's rather easy to get familiar with a subject, and not realise that the shorthand is unclear to others, though those also familiar with the topic may simply find it uncomfortable rather that seeing the cause of the problem. Clarifications are in progress, it'll be a great help if you can point out anything I've left obscure in sections that have been revised.

Next, sexual selection. I've read the extract you copied, and tried with limited success to go through the linked article. Since I'm comfortable with the idea of non-intuitive or obscure mechanisms in natural selection it's a little hard to see what the fuss is about, but it is an important mechanism. Obviously organisms that don't reproduce sexually can still evolve through natural selection, and sexual selection must have an advantage for survival of offspring that offsets any disadvantage of features, and at least must be neutral. I've added to the intro to "Orchids, Variation, Descent of Man and Worms " to try to clarify this area for the casual reader. Hope this is coming together better now, ...dave souza 01:01, 13 September 2005 (UTC)

FA criteria
Nice rewrite, the criteria are more easy to follow now. --nixie 01:14, 13 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Well done! Easy to follow and will help nominators address objections raised on the article length rather than being defensive. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  05:53, September 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Indeed - I meant to thank you myself. I thought your redraft of WP:WIAFA was generally excellent, although I wanted to make the few specific tweaks that I did: I am concerned at the potential for mission creep with inline references, and the "appropriate" qualification was agreed some time ago; I thought the link to Edit wars should stay (as it was recently referred to on WP:FAC); and the link to WP:NPOV looked quite relevant.

 * Thanks for your comments too. The footnote on length was there to forestall objections to excellent short articles, because it has been a long-standing tradition that short articles can be featured articles if they meet all of the other criteria, but I guess it is implicit in "appropriate length".  On references, there is still a matter of debate as to when a fact needs a reference and when it does not.  The is a clear consensus that article needs some references, and that controversial or surprising facts need an inline citation, but there is clearly a degree of latitute and scope for personal preferences.  But then many of the other criteria are subjective, and I'm not sure that the criteria can do more than give the current concise summary of the position and a reference to Cite sources.. -- ALoan (Talk) 13:55, 13 September 2005 (UTC)

Hi, this was related, so I figured I'd put it in this section. on the S-mine FAC entry, the nominator mentioned you edited down the lead section. It was too long, but you made it too short. I commented on that there, but thought I should comment to you directly. - Taxman Talk 21:30, 13 September 2005 (UTC)

If you're referring to the paragraph that migrated downwards, someone else did that. It was logical, I thought, and created an opportunity to insert a few sentences at the top about the issues I raised on the nomination page. Tony 01:02, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

Bach excerpt
Image:Christmas Oratorio excerpt.ogg needs a copyright tag, since I would assume it's copyrighted by the performers -- add to the image page to tag it as fair use, which should be acceptable since its only an except. Looks like you added it to the article just fine, though I think it looks kind of weird to have it in the lead like that. Is there a section in the body of the article where it would be appropriate? Tuf-Kat 17:13, 13 September 2005 (UTC)

Re
See my talk page. R e  dwolf24  (talk) 03:04, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

Edit question
I was wondering what are you trying to do at. Thanks. Zach (Sound Off) 23:55, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

Facebook
You might want to add your photo here: Facebook <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  08:36, 15 September 2005 (UTC)

Belarus again
This edit, http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Belarus&diff=23322692&oldid=23318650, it is correct. Zach (Sound Off) 03:49, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

 * BTW, Belarus is not an FA yet. I believe the only thing standing in the way is your objection vote. What the others said that if you support the article, they will too. Zach (Sound Off) 18:30, 19 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Hold on, it was removed and it probably failed. But personally, I think the grammar should be fixed, since I had several folks go through the article and see what is wrong with it still. Zach (Sound Off) 18:34, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

iMac Peer Reveiw Response
Pretty good. I think there should be something about the Intel chips. Also, the article is pretty technical. On one hand, yes, it's a computer article. On the other, you may want to make it a bit more user freindly. Also, the headings for the different models are long; it is currently: 4.1 iMac (Tray Loading) (aka iMac G3) 4.2 iMac (Slot Loading) (aka iMac G3) 4.3 iMac (Flat Panel) (aka The New iMac in production, iMac G4 after discontinuation) 4.4 iMac G5

Perhaps it should be: 4.1 Tray Loading iMac G3 4.2 Slot Loading iMac G3 4.3 iMac G4 <people know it as the G4, you can call it "The New iMac" in the paragraph> 4.4 iMac G5

I also think that you should put the Apple Computer (not the fruit--be careful!) sidebar (I'm not sure exactly what those things are called). I've only seen it on the [Apple Computer|Apple]] page, but I think it should be on all of the associated pages. It looks like this (edit the page for the code):

Keep at it; it's coming along. Tell me what you think about popularizing the sidebar. HereToHelp 22:09, 16 September 2005 (UTC)

The above text has been cut and pasted from my page. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  06:10, 17 September 2005 (UTC)

Nepal
I've almost finished with Nepal. I will be starting to copyedit the article as it has a few gramatical errors. If you could take a look it would be great. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  08:51, 17 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The lead looks much neater. No problems. Summarising the history from various texts was taxing. Some of the earlier text still remains, I didn't modify it as yet. WP: I hope the situation changes soon with the purchase of new servers and a mirror in Korea. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  10:18, 17 September 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) About referencing, yeah I know. That's one of the last things I do before I nominate any article. I store it locally so it doesn't get in the way of copyediting. All references are currently dumped under the ==reference== section.
 * 2) I don't know anyone from the university, but there are two (though long inactive) Nepalese wikipedians, I'll try and email them.
 * 3) BC/ BCE – I'm not complaining, I don't have strong feelings on the issue.
 * 4) Nepali and Nepalese are both correct, though the problem with Nepali is that it also refers to the ethniticy as well as a language.
 * No, I haven't been to Nepal, though I've been close: Sikkim.
 * 1) ...since 1996, throughout large.... and ...of the country, early in 2005 the king... don't seem to flow well.
 * 2) *Thanks for helping out. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  06:34, 18 September 2005 (UTC)

Nepal pictures
Could you download this image: The URL has a link to a high res image. It would be better to get the highres image to wikipedia. The image can depict terraced farming. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  06:20, 19 September 2005 (UTC)
 * http://www.ars.usda.gov/is/graphics/photos/apr01/k9388-14.htm

 * Check out the Nepal page for images. Is it now better? <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  06:33, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for the upload. I take it that you may not be knowing about the Wikimedia commons. The Wikimedia Commons is a project that provides a central repository for free images, music, sound & video clips used in pages of any Wikimedia project. Unlike images uploaded on other projects, images on Commons can be embedded on pages of all Wikimedia projects. In other words, it is better to upload an image (*free image* only) in rather than in the en: wiki. Let me share my secret in obtaining free images:

Voilà! and there are your images to upload. :) <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  11:48, 19 September 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) . Search in commons. eg for Nepal search for: Nepal as well as category:Nepal (the category is more important)
 * 2) Search in flickr: creative commons. By and By-sa are allowed in WP.
 * 3) Use google image search.

Fauna
Hi, if you get a chance and haven't already could you give the conservation section of the fauna article a once over, I think I'm ready for the onslaught of FAC.--nixie 07:07, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm guessing that you're asking about the licencing things people have on their user pages :) They're completely unnecessary unless you want to also licence your contributions under a creative commons licence or release them into the public domain. Otherwise everything on Wikipedia is licenced under the GFDL.--nixie 10:03, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Commonwealth can get the chop in this article. I'll probably put it up on friday after I wirte some more stube for the red links. Your quite a popular proof reader these days :), so thanks for taking the time. --nixie 23:12, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

Style section
I don't have a problem with you rewriting it, I just put up a quick little good-for-now sort of thing. Yeah, feel free to completely change any of it. --Berserk798 19:10, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

HIV
Thankyou for going over the article. I didn't realise that somebody else had commented, the watchlist obviously wasn't working. I have taken aboard a lot of the points and I've redone the article a little. --Grcampbell 21:59, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

Hi Tony!
Hi! I haven't had the pleasure of talking to you yet, but I've decided to introduce myself here, since I have a request for you, in case you want to help me. I've just placed a request for Peer Review for the Texas Ranger Division article, since I've been working on it for several weeks with the intention of nominating it for FA, and you'd be doing me a BIG favor if you took the time to review it. Since English is not my first language, as I re-read it I always get the feeling that something is missing or said incorrectly, no matter the amount of effort I put in it. I see that your constructive and serious criticism at the Featured article candidates has helped the improvement of several articles to FA status, and I could really use your help... pleeeaaase? Thanks in advance, and *hugs*, Shauri  Yes babe?  22:24, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I simply wanted to drop by and thank you personally for the effort and interest you're putting in my request. I owe you, Tony, and thx again [[Image:Smiley_icon.png|13px]] Shauri Yes babe?  00:31, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

U.S. Highway 66
The top of the article now reads simply that US 66 is (I will probably change it to "was" to be more precise) a highway. There was an objection about "famous" so I removed it altogether. "Storied" in this sense, means "talked-about", it's something you hear a lot in this part of the US, but I removed it anyway.

As for the title, the article was originally "Route 66", but it had been changed to fit in with the rest of the US highway articles. Also, "Route 66" is a generic term and could apply to Interstate Route 66, Arizona Route 66, etc. In addition, it was the name of a TV show, a song, etc. and many of these also have articles. There is much discussion about this at Talk:U.S. Highway 66 and I really don't see how the title could be changed. Thanks for the comments, I received others and I'm currently address those. Rt66lt 23:40, 19 September 2005 (UTC)

I removed the dots throughout the article, except the title, the inital line, and for links. Personally, I'm for removing them, too. But, I hadn't seen them nor worried about them. Highways are often described as US 66 for a federal highway, and postal codes for state routes (example, MO 66 = Missouri highway 66). This is becoming something of a convention. Rt66lt 00:30, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

Because the other highways have articles this way. U.S. Highway 1, U.S. Highway 101, etc. There is a current Wikiproject on the US highways and this is the standard that was established for it. If I did change it, it would likely be reverted. Besides, being a federal highway, it article should be titled the same. Rt66lt 00:35, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

OK. Pity, you could go out on a limb, and see if they complain, but I understand. It's becoming old-fashioned to retain the dots. Tony 00:39, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

Category:Wikipedians in Sydney
Here you go.--Rmky87 03:47, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

P.S.: Is it all right that it's a subcat of NSW?

Robert Gilbert

Lutosławski
Hi, Tony, yes I'm back: real world time pressures still present though, unfortunately. Your idea about swapping the images is a good one, I agree whole heartedly. I noticed you've uploaded a page of Symphony No. 3: the discussion of it adds a lot to the article. Any chance the image could be cleaned up a bit? - it's a bit grey. I'll probably make one or two tweaks to the article over the next day or two: there's no hurry. Regards. --RobertG ♬ talk 09:06, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Tony, I have a much better version of the 3rd symphony page 50 image. Email me, (and let me know on my talk page you've done so - I don't routinely check that email address), and I'll email the image to you in return.  It's 1824 x 2524, less than 500 kb.  I'll let you into the secret of how I did it: I used a scanner!  I would rather you uploaded the new version than me, please, because you have already cogently asserted the fair use rationale, and if I upload it I'll have to go through all that again.  --RobertG ♬ talk 17:37, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Emailed by return. Best.  --RobertG ♬ talk 08:47, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Don't worry - I see the new one. Your browser or proxy has probably cached the old one.  --RobertG ♬ talk 12:38, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

Economy
Yeah, those figs are PPP. I've sourced them from the CIA factbook. I managed to get feedback from a Nepalese wikipedian. And did he give a lengthy review! :) Its all on the Nepal talk page. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  05:52, 21 September 2005 (UTC)

American music
I have reorganized American popular music, giving it a tighter focus. In doing so, it has become significantly smaller. I would appreciate any additional comments you might have at Featured article candidates/American popular music. Thanks, Tuf-Kat 02:59, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

FAC instructions
Tony, I appreciate your good intentions and the urgency that made you expand the instructions. But I do think it's bloat to add specifics on one aspect of one of the (many) criteria, right next to the link to the criteria themselves. Nominators need to either make very sure to click on that link, or else several other specially important points need to be mentioned up front (which I'm against, as creating more bloat). I'm pretty sure lack of references, for instance, is as frequent a problem as lack of copyediting. Perhaps you might edit the criteria page further instead (I see you already did), to emphasize the need for copyediting? Though I also stand by my remark about it looking condescending to tell everybody to go get somebody else to copyedit before nominating. Wouldn't you agree that there are articles that are good to go directly from the hands of the author/s/..? My overriding concern is that the instructions be kept simple and practical. Following Bishonen's Law, they will naturally tend to be always growing, as people add their own special concerns over time, while hardly anybody ever removes anything. I know Raul654 agrees with me in general, in fact it's Raul's ruthless pruning that has kept the FAC instructions so nice and simple compared to those of Peer Review. It wasn't very long since you made the additions, so it's possible that no one complained because no one noticed yet; the longer the instructions are, the more cursorily they'll probably be read, that's the problem. I've also helped raise the standards of prose on WP:FAC, both before and after articles are nominated. For instance, some teenagers have caught a habit of asking my help on IRC ("Bish, u r a grammar nazi, will u proofread my FAC?" :-) No, I haven't heard more of those pleas since you made your changes). I've authored a number of FAs myself, see e. g. The Country Wife and its vote if you're interested. Best wishes, Bishonen | talk 08:17, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

FAC
I've nominated Nepal on FAC. Thanks for editing. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  10:05, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

FAC instructions 2
If you want to move my post to Wikipedia talk:Featured article candidates, I'd rather you didn't include the final paragraph. I only mentioned my own credentials there in case you were interested in where I'm coming from, they're less relevant on the more public discussion page for FAC. I've no wish to boast of my own FACs etc., or sound as if I think they make me more qualified to edit the instructions. Thanks. Bishonen | talk 12:59, 23 September 2005 (UTC)

Nepal image
Hi Mark—So the image should go, or can the use be justified?

I wish for a nice, clear tutorial on image copyright, with a trouble-shooting section, a how-to section, and a checklist for contributors. I guess there isn't one, is there?

'Time-space' and 'time-memory': should be n dashes, because there's a vector involved?

Thx Tony 01:33, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * The image should probably go. The image isn't particularly well-known, and it doesn't qualify for any of the specialized "fair use" tags such as bookcover, so any claim of "fair use" is borderline.

 * Except for situations that are explicitly written into law (what is and is not copyrighted, when copyrights expire, and similar things), copyright law is rather messy. "Fair use" is mostly a matter of precedents set by courts, so the only way to tell for sure that something is or is not "fair use" is to run it through the courts, which means getting sued by the copyright holder.  The best we can do at Wikipedia is to maximize the odds in our favor. --Carnildo 06:13, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

Spoo!
Thanks to your generous help, Spoo has just been featured! I'd give you a barn star, but it seems you have one already. Much thanks! --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 05:13, 25 September 2005 (UTC)

Nepal images
Say yes! Don't give up an opportunity to get more images on any subject. We have ample space, and good images are always welcome. We can always upload them into wikimedia commons. Those images can be used by another wikiproject or on another Nepal-related topic. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  04:32, 29 September 2005 (UTC)
 * well they aren't really spectacular (and some of images have bad urls), but are welcome as they can illustrate mustard fields etc. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  12:24, 29 September 2005 (UTC)

Nepal
Yipee, Nepal's featured. Thanks for the cpedit. <font color="#0082B8">=Nichalp <font color="#0082B8">«Talk»=  05:34, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

University of Michigan - Prose and other issues
The peer review is closed, but I was wondering if you could look over the article and point out any other problems. I talked to Earth about the article, and he said that he couldn't find anything wrong with it (though I am unsure about that claim). Thanks. Pentawing 20:43, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I found one citation, with the rest coming soon as I find them. Academic reputation and research is used as the yardstick for the rankings, but there is little else mentioned (I am still looking). As for the first sentence, I am unsure how to properly correct this (I can't simply use University of Michigan since there are two other campuses that are part of the UM system. The one in Ann Arbor is the flagship campus). If you have a suggestion, I'll be open to it. Pentawing 03:14, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I asked another user (a fellow Ann Arborite) to look at the article and he has done some significant changes. Could you look over the article and comment on it? Thanks. Pentawing 01:22, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Luto opening para
Hi, Tony. Sorry, that was an edit you made to the Luto talk page while I was "away" for a while, and I missed it - it fell off the bottom of my watch list! I've read it now: I like your recasting of the intro. My only query is that while the influence of Bartok is entirely obvious, that of Stravinsky and Prokofiev is less so, and they should all be discussed in the main article before being added to the intro, and referenced - do you have such a reference? I'm afraid I don't have access to my references just now. --RobertG ♬ talk 12:00, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Theodore Roosevelt
I made the changes we discussed already on FAC. Would you mind taking another look at the article and see if it meets your standards? Johnleemk | Talk 14:43, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks. The weekend has come and gone, though, and I fear the article will soon be removed from FAC. Yours is the only object vote left. Johnleemk | Talk 13:53, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks again for the helpful suggestions. How is the article now? Johnleemk | Talk 15:00, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Ah, I see. I combed the article for mistakes again. How is it now? Johnleemk | Talk 15:42, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Greetings
Hi, you seem to have cut back your wiki habit. Thanks for dropping in to support the fauna nomination. I've written a biography and I was hoping if you get a chance you could take a look at it, Barbara McClintock, mostly I'm concerned about the science stuff going over the readers head (gentics can be tricky- the unfamiliarity with the terminology is the biggest barrier), personally I think the text is pretty clear but could be reinforced with more diagrams. There's no rush - I'm still tinkering with the text. Thanks.--nixie 01:50, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Fereration Fellowships, that's where the big $$ are in Australian science, I'm extremely glad that I'm not at the grant writing stage of my career yet.--nixie 01:08, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

I think this guy will look nice on the main page, but cleaning up the vandalism is going to be a nightmare. Thanks again for your assistance with the copy.--nixie 02:39, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tony1/Archive01


text:
Isaacs

Isaacs may refer to:

 * The Isaacs, a bluegrass Southern gospel music group
 * Isaacs (surname)
 * Isaacs, Australian Capital Territory, a suburb of Canberra, Australia
 * Isaacs on the Quay, a pub in Ipswich, Suffolk, England
 * Division of Isaacs, a federal electoral division in Victoria, Australia
 * Division of Isaacs (1949–1969), a former Australian Electoral Division

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Isaacs


text:
Fictional brand

A fictional brand is a non-existing brand used in artistic or entertainment productions, such as paintings, books, comics, movies, TV serials, and music. The fictional brand may be designed to imitate, satirize or differentiate itself from a real corporate brand. Such a device may be required where real corporations are unwilling to license their brand names for use in the fictional work, particularly where the work holds the product in a negative light.

More recently, fictional brands have been used for commercial purposes through the process of reverse product placement. Consumer attachment to those brands in the fictional world may be leveraged through “defictionalisation” or “productisation” in the real world. It has been suggested that the fictional brands represent brand potential rather than brand reality; they are in effect, “protobrands” that can be leveraged and transformed into registered trademarks which can derive revenue for their owners through reverse product placement or, more accurately, reverse brand placement. Examples include Harry Potter’s Bertie Botts’ Every Flavour Beans, now available as real candy manufactured by the Jelly Belly Company; Duff Beer, a beer brand now available for consumption in Europe which initially appeared in The Simpsons; and Staples' Dunder Mifflin paper, from TV show, The Office.

Purposes
Works of fiction often mention or show specific brands to give more realism to the plot or scenery. Specific brands provide descriptive details that the author can use to craft a plot: a character may own a factory that manufactures a popular product, or may make a scene by demanding a particular brand; a detective may get clues from the brand of cigarettes smoked by a suspect; a film may include a commercial poster on the background, or show a package of cereal in close-up.

Real brands are often used. Sometimes a specific brand is needed due to its prior associations; e.g. the Coca-Cola machine scene in Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove would not work with another, real or fictional, brand. Sometimes the author will use a common brand only to make the scene more natural or create a specific ambience. More commonly, such uses are instances of product placement – the insertion of "casual" (but actually paid and intentional) positive references to brands in movies, television programming, games, and books. However, this practice is so widespread in the entertainment industry that it gives authors another reason to avoid the use of real brands: any such reference would be suspected by the public of being paid advertising, and could diminish the artistic or intellectual merit of the work.

Another advantage to a fictional brand is that all its specifications can be invented. In this sense, an author can invent a model or brand of car, for which he can make up details. That way, he doesn't have to go look up specifications on a car, which would take time and effort-he could just make them up.

Sometimes, usually on television or movies, a real brand would not be permitted due to restrictions in advertising particular products, especially cigarettes and alcohol. Usually, a fictional brand would be created that bears some resemblance to a real brand.

Television programs made in Canada for the Canadian market are not permitted to show or mention real brand names except in certain specific circumstances. The CRTC's prohibition of product placement exists primarily to prevent producers from accepting payola, especially if accepting it affects creative control or leads producers to attempt to deceive the audience (by, for instance, implying that X Brand Olive Oil is the best brand because the host uses it). In some instances (especially cooking and home improvement shows) brand names are merely inked, taped, or edited out; in dramatic presentations, however, fake brand names may be used. The restriction does not apply to news or current affairs programs when mention of the brand is necessary to fairly and fully present the subject matter, and it does not apply to televised sporting events, where branding may be beyond the station's control. Programs produced outside of Canada are not subject to these rules.

Yet another reason to use a fictional brand is that sometimes a product is itself a major "character" in the plot, and using a real brand would limit creativity as the author would be constrained by the actual attributes of that brand. A subset of this is comedic brands, the most famous being "Acme" for the maker of complicated gadgets that never quite work.

Finally, the use of a real brand may be excluded also when the plot is meant to develop in a time or place (e.g. in a distant future, or in a fictional universe) where the real brand would not have existed anyway. Alternately, made-up brands are often more humorous than real brands, which is why a lot of cartoons and sitcoms prefer them.

Finder-Spyder
Finder-Spyder is a fictional Web search engine that appears in numerous television shows, used in the same manner as the fictitious 555 telephone number in TV and film. It has been called "an unofficial, open source stand-in for Google and its competitors" (used as a legality-free alternative to a brand-name product), and "the most popular search engine in the TV universe." Finder-Spyder appears as a top 10 pick in "best fictional brand" lists by various online media, along with Oceanic Airlines, Morley cigarettes, Acme Corporation, and others.

Morley
Morley is a fictional brand of cigarettes with packaging that resembles Marlboro cigarettes. The name "Morley" is a reference to "Marleys", a once-common nickname for Marlboro cigarettes. Television programs began using Morleys in an era where Tobacco companies were allowed to sponsor television shows and pay for product placement. If no company agreed on a deal for product placement, producers would use a non-branded product like the fictional Morleys. Morleys are produced by The Earl Hays Press, a Hollywood prop packaging service.

Wonka
In 1964, Roald Dahl wrote Charlie and the Chocolate Factory set within the fictional Wonka Chocolate Factory. The story included several fictional candy products including the Everlasting Gobstopper and the Wonka Bar. The 1971 musical Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory was an adaptation of Dahl's work funded by Quaker Oats who also produced a variety of Wonka candy through their subsidiary Sunline. These candy products were largely unsuccessful and Quaker sold off Sunline by 1972. Sunline continued to make Wonka branded candy and was later acquired by Nestle. Although initially involved in the musical, Dahl left the project and disowned the 1971 film. After his death, Dahl's family became involved with a second film adaptation, Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (2005). This again featured Wonka branded products.

Pear products
Sitcom shows on the TV channel Nickelodeon often parody tech company Apple and its products by using fake tech products from the fictional “Pear” company - such as the PearPhone (a parody of the iPhone) and the PearPad (a parody of the iPad). These parodies would often appear in the Nickelodeon sitcoms iCarly, Victorious, Sam & Cat and Henry Danger.

Fictional brands lists

 * List of fictional beverages
 * List of fictional vehicles

title: Fictional brand


text:
Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke

Frederick St John, 2nd Viscount Bolingbroke, 3rd Viscount St John (21 December 1732 – 5 May 1787), was a British Viscount and landowner. His father was John St John, 2nd Viscount St John, half-brother of Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke (1678–1751). His mother was Anne Furnese and his younger brother General the Hon. Henry St John (1738–1818).

Biography
Bolingbroke was educated at Eton College, Berkshire. He succeeded to the title of 3rd Baron St John of Battersea on 19 June 1748. He succeeded to the title of 3rd Viscount St John on 26 November 1748.

"Bully," as he was called by his contemporaries, is best known for his extravagant lifestyle and the racehorses he bred. On 8 September 1757 he married Lady Diana Spencer, elder daughter of Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, after making a joking proposal to her in one of London's pleasure gardens. Bolingbroke's insistence on maintaining a bachelor's lifestyle (which included lavish spending, a string of mistresses, heavy drinking and gambling) after their marriage, coupled with verbal and, possibly, physical spousal abuse, led to a bitter separation between Bully and the popular and artistic Lady Diana. Bolingbroke brought divorce proceedings against his wife for her criminal conversation with Topham Beauclerk, with whom she bore a child.

Things worsened for Viscount Bolingbroke after his divorce. The damages he won from Beauclerk were paltry compared to the mountain of debt he acquired. Rather than economize he chose to sell his prized racehorse. Even before his divorce his tight finances led to his sponsoring changes in law that allowed inheritors to sell off family properties. Once the law was passed he set about selling property that had been in his family for centuries.

In 1763, he sold the estate of Battersea, Surrey to Viscount Spencer. Eventually, he begged for and received a post as Lord of the Bedchamber in the court of King George III—a post he'd previously held while still married to Lady Diana, but given up due to a combination of disinterest and indolence. In the meantime he never stopped searching for an heiress old enough or unattractive enough (and therefore desperate to marry) to wed a man of questionable finances and reputation.

Viscount Bolingbroke found himself overshadowed by his wife even after their marriage ended. Bolingbroke was not especially popular outside of a certain set while Lady Diana's circle included the eccentric and intelligent Dr Samuel Johnson and the fashionable political hostess, Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire.

Death
He died on 5 May 1787, aged 54.

Children

 * Sir George Richard St. John, 3rd Viscount Bolingbroke (5 March 1761 – 11 December 1824)
 * Lady Henriette St. John (1 August 1762 – April 1834) – married Henry Towcester in 1792
 * General Hon. Frederick St. John (20 December 1765 – 19 November 1844)

Quotes
Lord Chesterfield said:
 * "(he was) ... by his talents no way unworthy to bear his uncle's name, (and had) "true and solid good sense, real taste and knowing a great deal."

Cokayne and Gibbs said,
 * "for the last six years of his life he was out of his mind."

Titles

 * 1748 Baron St. John of Battersea
 * 1748 Viscount St. John of Battersea
 * 1751 Baronet St. John, of Lidiard Tregoze


text:
Amédée Baillot de Guerville

Amédée Baillot de Guerville (né Constantin Amédée Luce; 5 May 1869 – 21 May 1913), was a French-American freelance war correspondent, editor, and commercial agent, most frequently cited for his travel writing. He was best known in his day for his staunch defense of Japan in the aftermath of the Port Arthur Massacre of November 1894.

Born Constantin Amédée Luce in Paris, he was the illegitimate son of Anna Antoinette Aglaé Luce (died 1894) and Paul-Louis-Amédée Baillot, a clerk, merchant, and teacher of the French language. His parents married in England shortly after his birth, his father's third marriage.

His father, born Baillot, added his own mother's aristocratic surname de Guerville at some point. In 1847, in London had married Eliza Shamford Walter, with whom he had five children. The family moved to New York in the late 1850s, and Eliza died in Brooklyn in 1861. In 1866, his father married a second time in London to Charlotte Prenders, with whom he had another son, Louis Amédée Raymond Baillot, born in Paris in 1866.

Amédée took his father's name and immigrated to the United States in 1887 and became an American citizen in 1893.

De Guerville began teaching French at Milwaukee Women's College in 1889. In 1890 he established the Le Courrier Francais newspaper for the Milwaukee and Chicago francophone community. Baillot began his career as commercial agent in 1891 with a stereopticon presentation of the 1889 Exposition Universelle de Paris (Paris World's Fair) to an audience in St. Paul, Minnesota. In 1892 de Guerville traveled to Japan, Korea, China, Ceylon, and Europe as a Special Commissioner for the World Columbian Exposition (the Chicago World's Fair) of 1893, where he promoted the event to kings, emperors, and heads of state.

In 1894, de Guerville returned to Asia, banking on contacts he had made during the brief time he spent there in 1892 to secure an assignment as special correspondent covering the Sino-Japanese War, then known simply as the China-Japan War, for the New York Herald under the direction of James Gordon Bennett, Jr. His primary competition was James Creelman, writing for The New York World. Creelman and Baillot came to journalistic blows regarding the massacre of Chinese civilians by Japanese troops at the Chinese city of Port Arthur on November 20–21, 1894. While Creelman, and other correspondents present, described a widescale and cold-blooded massacre, de Guerville alleged in the pages of the New York Herald that no such massacre had occurred.

In 1898, de Guerville became part-owner and manager of The Illustrated American, a New York monthly periodical. The offices of the journal were gutted by fire in 1899 and shortly thereafter, but not necessarily as a result of the fire, de Guerville left the United States for his native France never to return. In his version of events, the onset of a heretofore latent tuberculosis was the cause of his departure. By his own account, de Guerville experienced a near miraculous recovery from his tuberculosis while a patient at the pioneering Nordach Clinic for consumptives in Germany's Black Forest region. Thereafter he continued to travel and write for a short while, producing his memoirs of his experiences in the Far East entitled Au Japon (1904), in which he admitted that the massacre had occurred while insisting it was Japanese coolies who had done the butchering. He also wrote a well-received travelogue of British Egypt entitled New Egypt (1906). While in Egypt in 1906, A.B. de Guerville claimed to be the first man to race up the Nile in his motor-boat.

In the last years of his life de Guerville was reported to have lived in Lausanne, Switzerland. During these latter years he also purchased land from in Valecluse in the south of France, where he is credited with developing the land and expanding their golf course. He died in 1913, likely of the tuberculosis from which he claimed to have been cured. He is buried in the Alphonse Karr Cemetery in Saint-Raphaël, France.

Personal life
De Guerville married Laura Belle Spraker, scion of a well-established New York family, in 1896 in New York City. In 1900, Mrs. A.B. de Guerville filed for bankruptcy and divorce. He married again in London in 1909 to Rosie Grimley.

title: Amédée Baillot de Guerville


text: User talk:217.13.1.24

title: User talk:217.13.1.24


text:
User talk:Bob Fink

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- RHaworth 09:30, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Dupli- tripli- quadru-plication
Please decide whether you want your article to be Archaeology (music), Archaeology (Music), Music (archaeology) or Music (Archaeology) and then turn the titles you do not want into redirects. If you want this article to survive you must actually give it some content. Wikipedia is not a mirror or a repository of links. But do create an account and keep contributing! -- RHaworth 20:10, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I have taken your recent edits to indicate that you want Music (archaeology) and have converted the others into redirects for you. Please learn how categories work - I see no need for Category:Music (archaeology) at this stage and have requested that it be deleted. I have also had to deduplicate Music (history) and Music (history of scale) - I will leave you to delete the triplication in Talk:Scale (music).
 * I hope that by now you have got the message - on Wikipedia we say things once and then create Wikilinks if we want to refer to the stuff from elsewhere. -- RHaworth 22:23, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Removing {{wikify}}. {{mergeto}}, etc. tags is vandalism. Any more of that Robert Fink and I fink I will nominate all your stuff for deletion on the grounds of vanity / original research. I am always suspicious of someone who describes themselves or their work as award winning. And get yourself a user id. -- RHaworth 10:29, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

To Haworth from Bob Fink
Sorry -- didn't know that erasing your stuff after an edit was "vandalism." (*1 see below). Yikes!!

I don't know how to make a "redirect" or "merge" or reach you otherwise for direct help.

I thought the messages I got were "automatic" messages to me, anyway. Clicking on links to find out what's needed only referred me to lifelong reading that might or might not answer my need to figure out how to comply.

I am disabled and have limited pain-free hours per day to pursue my 50-year-long career in musicolgy, and about the origins of music, without starting a new career as a "wikipedian."

I also am crippled by town vs gown biases. [I am a "towner."]

Someone recently mistook me for another musicologist named Robert Fink, so I thought I'd make a page about me and clear up the confusion.

I have no idea what you want from me (e.g., "cleanup" "wikify"). I want only to inform people of my credentials, which you "suspect" because I have won some awards. I guess awards are bad.

Being picked as a juror by Nature journal, one of the world's leading scholarly science journals -- especially since I am from the town side of "town and gown" -- is no mean feat.

And now, without the time available even to pursue my own career, much less spend the scores of hours figuring out your encyclopedically monumental mass of confusing instructions and protocols about "Wikifying" myself, I don't think I can overcome those barriers to being heard, read, or part of the literature in my field within Wikipedia.

And I cannot make a new career of figuring out what work that requires or means for me. Sorry. But I barely have time for my own career. I am willing to comply but only up to a reasonable point.

I can prove every last word and comma of what I wrote about myself (and about my subject(s) on the origin of music, music archeaology or whatever keywords might refer to what I do). -- The write-up on me was copied from the Greenwich flyer for my books -- and my credentials are very true and accurate (*2).

"Vanity" is irrelevant to facts, anyway. Truth doesn't care who tells it, whether the vain, proud, humble, or the outcast.

I thought this Wikipedia would be useful to enable serious, honest and competent scholars who weren't recognized in the elite loop of the self-righteous pompous academic types (like Galileo suffered from, and Edison, and numerous others) -- to become known for their research and insights. Looks like you have more rules than I can overcome to get that benefit. ...Well, par for the course.

Now you want to erase (censor?) all my stuff? (*3) Too bad for me. And others, as it will leave the field remaining one-sided and out-dated.

All I wanted was for my research to be "found" by students or others seeking all sides of a story (using various keywords or subject searches), a story which I spend over 50 years of my life working on, and for which I finally was getting large amounts of recognition at last -- because new archaeologucal finds and studies have been confirming my life's views in spades. But it looks like I have't found the right place in Wikipedia to make into your own kind of insider "loop," due to your format fetishes.

Is that what you want?

If you really want to help, then Wikipedia HAS NOTHING about music archaeology (*4) other than reaching some band of musicians using that name. What's wrong with a simple search under "Music Archaeology" actually reaching THAT subject rather than reaching only a rock & roll pop group? There's little enough in that field, so you won't run out of memory, y'know?

In my life's work, after now being published finally in some of the mainstream scholarly journals, means that my contributions are a large part of the literature you want to erase.

Well -- either help us or erase us. At 70, I'm worn out and need to move on with my remaining life, if this place will get scholars like me nowhere.

--Best witches, Bob Fink 2005-10-14 01:06:37

From RHaworth: But as I always say, don't let me put you off. Keep contributing but please log in every time - note the "remember me" tab on the login screen. Best witches to you too, RHaworth 10:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) Wikipedia is actually very forgiving of sincere but "non-standard" contributions. It is also a colaborative project. You don't actually need to know what "wikify" means - the {{wikify}} tag is put there as a signal to invite other editors to come and wikify the article for you . In removing the tag you are removing the request for the assistance which you are asking for here - very contradictory.
 * 2) If your credentials are very true and accurate (and I do not question them), then there should be no need to pepper Bob Fink with peacock phrases such as now-famous, innumerable news articles, etc. They may be OK in a publisher's blurb but they do not go in a Wikipedia article.
 * 3) You … want to erase (censor?) all my stuff. That is unfair - where have I said anything about erasing your stuff?
 * 4) Wikipedia has nothing about music archaeology. Oh yes. The article on prehistoric music seems to cover the topic - and that has been around since Feb this year.

Thanks for responding
I naturally assumed the template or your "signal to other editors" was actually a signal addressed to ME to wikify etc. Your signal was ambiguous, and you should look up unambiguous Finkjournalism for remedial instructions. :O)

If others want to conform what I write to wiki standards, that's probably ok with me. I will make the changes you suggest that I know how to make so far.

Your comment far above that you would "nominate" all my stuff for deletion sounded to me like "erase," but that seems like water under the bridge now.

Best, Bob Fink 204.83.156.36 10:54, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Sorry, wikify is a standard template that I slap on several articles a day - I never actuallly read what it says! Unambiguous Finkjournalism is a broken link - where am I supposed to look it up? And please log in. -- RHaworth 11:14, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Citing oneself
The no original research policy does not bar you from citing your own works. However, the policy "in a nutshell" is that "all Wikipedia articles and other encyclopedic content must be written from a neutral point of view, representing views fairly, proportionately and without bias."

The Conflict of interest policy disallows "promotion of companies you work for and their products." "You may cite your own publications just as you'd cite anyone else's, but make sure your material is relevant and that you're regarded as a reliable source for the purposes of Wikipedia. Be cautious about excessive citation of your own work, which may be seen as promotional or a conflict of interest. When in doubt, discuss on the talk page whether or not your citation is an appropriate one, and defer to the community's opinion."

The Notability guideline describes that "a topic is notable if it has been the subject of multiple, non-trivial published works whose sources are independent of the subject itself." I would assume that this holds for information as well, and that information from your published works must describe information which has been the subject of multiple works aside from your own.

When you cite yourself, you must follow the relevant policies and guidelines. You must be willing to succinctly defend the relevance, reliability, notability, and neutrality of the information you cite from your published works.

If you have questions you may reach me at User talk:Hyacinth. Hyacinth 11:16, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bob Fink


text: User:Yonosoymuggle

title: User:Yonosoymuggle


text: Category:Romanian explorers

title: Category:Romanian explorers


text:
Web content

Web content is the text, visual or audio content that is made available online and user encountered as part of the online usage and experience on websites. It may include text, images, sounds and audio, online videos, among other items placed within web pages.

In the book Information Architecture for the World Wide Web, Lou Rosenfeld and Peter Morville wrote, "We define content broadly as 'the stuff in your website.' Web content may include webpage document pages, information, software data and applications, e-services, images, audio and video files, personal Web pages, archived e-mail messages stored on email servers, and more. And we include future web content as well as present web content roadmap."

Content management
Because websites are often complex, a term "content management" appeared in the late 1990s identifying a method or in some cases a tool to organize all the diverse elements to be contained on a website. Content management often means that within a business there is a range of people who have distinct roles to do with content management, such as content author, editor, publisher, and administrator. But it also means there may be a content management system whereby each of the different roles is organized to provide their assistance in operating the system and organizing the information for a website. A business may also employ various content protection measures, which are typically technologies used to attempt to frustrate copying without permission.

title: Web content


text:
Soviet cruiser Chervona Ukraina

Chervona Ukraina (Ukrainian: "Червона Україна") was an Admiral Nakhimov-class cruiser light cruiser of the Soviet Navy assigned to the Black Sea Fleet. During World War II, she supported Soviet forces during the Sieges of Odessa and Sevastopol before being sunk at Sevastopol on 12 November 1941 by German aircraft. She was raised in 1947 and was used as a training hulk before becoming a target ship in 1950.

Description
Chervona Ukraina displaced 8400 LT at deep load. The ship had an overall length of 163.2 m, a beam of 15.7 m and a mean draught of about 5.6 m. She was powered by four Curtiss-AEG steam turbines, each driving one shaft, which developed a total of 55000 shp and gave a maximum speed of 29.5 kn. The engines were powered by 14 Yarrow water-tube boilers. Four were coal-fired while the rest were mixed-firing. The ship carried a maximum of 540 LT of coal and an additional 690 LT of fuel oil that was sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate in the mixed-firing boilers. At full capacity, she could steam for 1200 nmi at a speed of 14 kn. Chervona Ukraina was designed to carry about 630 officers and men.

The ship's main armament consisted of fifteen 55-calibre 130 mmB7 Pattern 1913 guns in single mounts, six of which were mounted in casemates. Her anti-aircraft armament consisted of four 64 mm guns. Chervona Ukraina also mounted twelve above-water 457 mm torpedo tubes in triple swivelling mounts.

Chervona Ukraina's waterline belt consisted of 76 mm of Krupp cemented armour and above it was an upper belt 25 mm thick. The gun shields were protected by 25 mm of armour. Each of the armoured decks was 20 mm thick. The armour of the conning tower was 76 mm thick.

Service history
She was laid down on 3 October 1913 as Admiral Nakhimov after Pavel Nakhimov and launched on 6 November 1915. Construction was abandoned in 1917 during the October Revolution when the ship was about 80% complete. In the second half of 1918, the Marine Department of Hetman Pavlo Skoropadskyi restarted construction of the ship. On 25 January 1919, the ship was formally renamed Hetman Bogdan Khmelnitsky, but Nikolayev was captured shortly afterward by French-led Allied military forces.

At the start of the Russian Civil War, the ship was run aground at the fitting dock in Nikolayev by the shipyard workers to hinder the evacuation by the Whites in 1919. The ship was raised by the Soviets in 1920 pending a decision on her disposition. The ship was renamed to Chervona Ukraina on 7 December 1922. It was decided to finish her in 1923 and the job was completed in 1927 to nearly the original design. She was modified to handle aircraft by adding cranes on either side of the middle funnel and a parking area was built for them between the central and rear funnels, although no catapult was ever fitted. The original internal torpedo tubes were replaced by four triple 457 mm torpedo tubes mounted on the deck abaft the rear funnel.

Chervona Ukraina made a number of port visits to Turkey, Greece and Italy before World War II. She was extensively overhauled between 26 August 1939 and 1 May 1941 where her aircraft equipment was removed and she was fitted with new fire control equipment. The ship was given three Italian Minizini twin-gun 50 caliber 100 mm anti-aircraft mounts, one was placed on the forecastle, in front of the forward 130 mm B7 Pattern 1913 gun and the other two on each side of the quarterdeck. One torpedo tube mount was removed from each side and four single mounts for the semi-automatic 45 mm 21-K gun were fitted as well as seven 12.7 mm DShK heavy machine guns.

World War II
Chervona Ukraina, in company with the cruisers SOVIET CRUISER Krasny Kavkaz, SOVIET CRUISER Komintern and a number of destroyers, laid down a defensive mine barrage protecting the Black Sea Fleet base at Sevastopol on 22 June 1941. She provided gunfire support to Soviet forces during the Siege of Odessa and escorted convoys bringing the 157th Rifle Division into Odessa during September 1941. She escorted convoys from Odessa to Sevastopol in October when the evacuation of Odessa was ordered. During the Siege of Sevastopol Chervona Ukraina provided gunfire support and evacuated cut-off troops from elsewhere in the Crimea into Sevastopol and brought in reinforcements from Caucasian ports. She was hit three times in the South Bay of Sevastopol by bombs from German Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers from II./StG 77 on 12 November 1941, but didn't sink until the next day after her crew was ordered to abandon her. Her guns were salvaged and most of the guns and crew were incorporated into the port's defenses, although two of her twin Minizini turrets were added to Krasny Kavkaz.

She was raised on 3 November 1947, repaired, and used as a training hulk until 30 October 1950 when she became a target ship. On 10 May 1952, Chervona Ukraina was grounded on a spit to serve as a fixed target; by 1980 there was nothing left of the ship above the surface.

title: Soviet cruiser Chervona Ukraina


text:
Barbuda People's Movement for Change

The Barbuda People's Movement for Change was a political party in Barbuda, part of Antigua and Barbuda.

At their last elections, 23 March 2004, the party contested the sole seat allotted to Barbuda (in total there are 17 seats in the parliament). The election ended in a draw between BPMC and the Barbuda People's Movement, which both got exactly 400 votes. A by-election was held on April 20 in which Trevor Walker of BPM was elected with 408 votes against 394 for the BPMC candidate Arthur Nibbs.

Ahead of the elections former BPMC general secretary, Ordrick Samuel had launched a new party, Barbudans for a Better Barbuda.

BPMC was allied to the Antigua Labour Party.

title: Barbuda People's Movement for Change


text:
Rurales

In Mexico, the term Rurales (Spanish) is used to refer to two armed government forces. The historic Guardia Rural ('Rural Guard') was a rural mounted police force, founded by President Benito Juárez in 1861 and expanded by President Porfirio Díaz (r. 1876–1911). It served as an effective force of repression and a counterweight to the Mexican Army during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The rurales were dissolved during the Mexican Revolution.

The modern Cuerpo de Defensa Rural ('Rural Defense Corps') is a part-time voluntary militia, generally used to support Federal forces.

Rural Guard 1861–1914
The Guardia Rural was established as a federal constabulary by the Liberal regime of Benito Juárez in 1861. This mounted rural police force became best known during the long rule of President Porfirio Díaz (1876–1911).

Origins

As originally constituted under Juárez the Rurales lacked the numbers and organization to effectively control the banditry widespread in Mexico during the 1860s and 1870s. The concept of an armed and mobile rural police organized on military lines, was derived from Spain's Civil Guard ("Guardia Civil"). Established in 1844 the Spanish Guardia Civil had quickly won a reputation as an effective but often oppressive force.

On May 6, 1861 four corps of Rural Police were authorized by the Juárez government; each having an establishment of 20 officers and 255 other ranks. Recruitment was intended to be by voluntary enlistment. Pay was set at a higher level than that of the conscript based army. Control of the new force was divided between the Ministers of the Interior and of War - a policy intended to maintain a balance of power within the government.

French intervention
The existing Corps of Rurales was absorbed into the Republican Army and irregular forces opposing the French intervention of 1862–1867. However the Imperial regime of Emperor Maximilian (1862–1867) created a parallel force known as the Resguardo, which by October 1865 numbered 12,263; indicating that the concept of a rural mounted police force had become well established. Following the Republican victory, Los Cuerpos Rurales were re-established.

Under Porfirio Diaz

Described as "well-mounted active men ... in handsome uniform" the rurales were reconstituted in 1869 as part of the reconstruction of the Mexican Republic following the Franco/Maximilian episode. The corps was placed under the Ministro de Gobernación and specifically tasked with providing mounted patrols for rail and road links, escorting gold and other valuable shipments, providing support for the Federal Army when called upon, and ensuring security when local elections were held.

By 1875 the corps numbered about one thousand members, organized in forty-two squads primarily responsible for patrolling the Mexico valley region. While their performance was uneven - with charges being made of both aggressive behavior against the public and slackness in enforcing their responsibilities - the rural guards had been successful in eliminating a number of bandit groups.

Following his accession to power in 1877, President Porfirio Díaz expanded the Rurales to nearly 2,000 by 1889 as part of his programme of modernization and (eventually) repression. Initially some captured guerrilleros were forcibly inducted into the Rurales, as had been the case under Juárez. The system of recruitment however subsequently became a more conventional one of volunteer enlistment. Officers were either seconded from the Federal Army or promoted through the Rurale ranks. The Rurales were heavily armed; carrying cavalry sabers, Remington carbines, lassos and pistols. They were divided into ten corps, each comprising three companies of about 76 men.

The Porfirian regime deliberately fostered the image of the Rurales as a ruthless and efficient organization which – under the notorious ley fuga ("law of flight") – seldom took prisoners and which inevitably got its man. However research by Professor Paul J. Vanderwood, during the 1970s involving detailed examination of the records of the corps, indicated that the Rurales were neither as effective nor as brutal as regime publicists had suggested. The daily pay of 1.30 pesos was not high and up to 25% of recruits deserted before completing their four-year enlistments. This term of service was extended to five years after 1890. Only one rurale in ten re-enlisted after completing his first term; a low proportion that may have been influenced by slow and limited promotion.

Never numbering more than about 4,000 men and located in small detachments, the Rurales were too thinly spread to ever completely eliminate unrest in the Mexican countryside. They did however impose a superficial order, especially in the central regions around Mexico City, which encouraged the foreign investment sought by Díaz and his científico advisers. To a certain extent the regime saw the Rurales as a counterweight to the much larger Federal army and in the later years of the regime they were increasingly used to control industrial unrest, in addition to the traditional task of patrolling country areas. While in theory a centralized organisation, the rural guards often came under the direct control of local politicians (Jefes) or landowners.

The Rurales achieved a high profile internationally, rather like that of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police or the Texas Rangers, whose roles they paralleled. They wore a distinctive dove grey uniform braided in silver, which was modelled on the national charro dress and included wide felt sombreros, bolero jackets, tight fitting trousers with silver buttons down the seams, and red or black neckties. Senior officers wore elaborate rank insignia in the form of Austrian knots and sombrero braiding, which cost hundreds of pesos. The corps number appeared in silver on both the headdress and a leather carbine cross-belt. Protective leather chaps and canvas fatigue clothing were often worn as field service dress.

The grey and silver dress, the frequent involvement of Rurales in ceremonial parades and their general reputation, drew the attention of foreign visitors to Mexico during the Porfiriato. They were variously described as "the world's most picturesque policemen" and "mostly bandits". The former may have been true but the latter was a distorted memory of the rough-and-ready early days of the corps. Some of the Mexican states maintained their own rural mounted police forces and a separate city police force operated in Mexico City, but none matched the Federal Rurales in notoriety or glamour.

Under Francisco Madero and Victoriano Huerta
During the early stages of the Mexican Revolution of 1910, detachments of Rurales served alongside Federal troops against the rebel forces. While retaining an elite image (one revolutionary fighter commented to a US writer that Rurales never surrendered "because they are police", and a report to the U.S. Army rated them as individually superior to any of Pancho Villa's irregulars), the force was too weak in numbers and dispersed in deployment to play a decisive role.

After the overthrow of Díaz in 1911, the Rurales continued in existence under Presidents Francisco I. Madero (1911–1913) and Victoriano Huerta (1913–1914). Madero left the force essentially unchanged, although introducing legislation intended to prevent corpsmen, other than senior officers, from carrying out summary executions without due trial process. In practice the induction of large numbers of Maderista fighters on a temporary basis while awaiting discharge simply diluted such efficiency as the corps had retained. Huerta saw a more central role for the Rurales and directed officers of the Corps to murder Madero after the "Ten Tragic Days" of 1913. During the fighting that marked this internecine conflict, part of the rurales remained loyal to the Madero government. Three hundred rural guardsmen of the 18th Corps were ambushed by rebel machine gunners in the centre of Mexico City, losing 67 dead and wounded. It is uncertain whether the destruction of the 18th Corps was the result of a tactical blunder or a measure deliberately arranged by General Huerta to weaken the Madero forces.

Huerta then proposed to expand the existing Rurale units into a field force of over ten thousand men serving alongside the regular Federal troops. Recruiting problems and desertions prevented this ever becoming a realistic project. The remains of the Guardia Rural were finally disarmed and disbanded during July–August 1914, along with the old Federal Army, when Huerta fled into exile.

The Rurales in fiction

 * The Rurales of the Diaz era make an appearance in O. Henry's short story, "Hostages to Momus". O. Henry, writing through the first-person narration of the character Tecumseh Pickens, gives a colorful sketch of the Rurales:
 * "Rurales? They're a sort of country police; but don't draw any mental crayon portraits of the worthy constable with a tin star and a gray goatee. The rurales—well, if we'd mount our Supreme Court on broncos, arm 'em with Winchesters, and start 'em out after John Doe et al. we'd have about the same thing."

 * In his novels "The General From the Jungle" and "Rebellion of the Hanged", the German/Mexican writer B. Traven describes in detail the role of the Rurales during the early years of the 20th century; as an instrument of repression against the exploited peasantry and mahogany cutters of the far south of Mexico.
 * In his film Viva Zapata, John Steinbeck portrays the Rurales as guarding a hacienda, escorting a prisoner, breaking up a riot in a village square, and suppressing rural unrest.
 * Early in One-Eyed Jacks, a Western film set in the 1880s, American bank robbers played by Marlon Brando and Karl Malden are pursued by Rurales.
 * The Rurales appear as the primary law enforcement in the fictional state of Nuevo Paraiso in Red Dead Redemption, with both uniformed and plainclothes officers. The game inaccurately refers to them as "Federales" to distinguish them from the Mexican Army. They will pursue the player if they commit crimes in Mexico and offer side jobs hunting bandits or performing night watch duties for cash.
 * In Gordon Rottman's 2014 novel, The Hardest Ride, Rurales are engaged in a battle with Texans pursuing a band of kidnapping banditos into northern Mexico.
 * In the film The Magnificent Seven, Chris Adams, played by Yul Brynner, initially suggests to the village leaders that they should request help from the Rurales to fight off bandits plaguing their village.

Rural Defense Corps 1926–present
The modern Rurales are a part-time militia called the Cuerpo de Defensa Rural (Rural Defense Corps).

Origins
Originally formed as village self-defence groups during the agrarian disturbances of the 1920s. They do not have any functions that parallel those of the paramilitary mounted police force of the 1861–1914 era. This corps was formally organized under army jurisdiction according to the Organic Law of 1926. Its origins, however, date back to the period when the revolutionary agrarian reform program was first implemented in 1915. In efforts to protect themselves against the private armies of recalcitrant large landowners, rural peasants organized themselves into small defense units and were provided weapons by the revolutionary government. Until 1955 enlistment in the Rural Defense Force was restricted to peasants working on collective farms (ejidos). After 1955 participation in the Rural Defense Force was expanded to include small farmers and laborers. All defense units, however, were attached to ejidos, possibly as a means to guarantee control.

Modern Rurales
The Rural Defense Force (Rural Police Force) numbered some 120,000, 80,000 mounted and 40,000 dismounted in 1970, but was being phased out in the 1990s. The IISS's The Military Balance listed the corps as having only 14,000 members in 1996. The volunteers, aged eighteen to fifty, enlist for a three-year period. Members do not wear uniforms or receive pay for their service but are eligible for limited benefits. They are armed with outmoded rifles, such as the Mosquetón Mod. 1954, which may be the chief inducement to enlist. Rudimentary training is provided by troops assigned to military zone detachments.

The basic unit is the pelotón of eleven members under immediate control of the ejido. Use of the unit outside the ejidos is by order of the military zone commander. One asset of the corps is the capacity of its members to gather intelligence about activities within the ejidos and in remote rural areas seldom patrolled by military zone detachments. Corps members also act as guides for military patrols, participate in civic-action projects, and assist in destroying marijuana crops and preventing the transport of narcotics through their areas.

Currently Rural Defence Force members are being utilized in the Mexican War on Drugs. This is the case in the State of Michoacán, where the Government has attempted to restrict civilian vigilantism (such as the creation of unregulated armed security groups) by deploying rurales against local drug cartels.

Cuban Guardia Rural
Cuba also maintained a Guardia Rural from 1898 until the revolution of 1959. A militarized and mounted constabulary, it performed the same rural policing functions as its Mexican and Spanish counterparts.

title: Rurales


text:
William B. Hays

William Bratton Hays (January 12, 1844 – September 16, 1912) served as Mayor of Pittsburgh from March 15, 1903 to 1906.

Early life
Hays was born into a meat packing family in 1844. He made his fortune in the coal industry in nearby Indiana County, Pennsylvania; he was also involved in the lumber business in North Carolina.

Pittsburgh politics
Hays first served in government as city assessor.

He was appointed the mayor of Pittsburgh by the Pennsylvania Governor after Mayor Diehl's corruption scandal. During his service, the governor re-installed elections in the city, and he was subsequently voted in as mayor.

Hays presided over some of Pittsburgh's greatest feats and also one of its greatest disasters. The Pittsburgh Pirates went to the first ever World Series in 1903, and the film industry's first Nickelodeon movie theater was opened on Smithfield Street in 1905. Hays though also had to contend with the devastating city hall fire making the government home a total loss and destroying many records and documents in the process.

Later life
Hays died in 1912 and was buried in Allegheny Cemetery. The Hays neighborhood of Pittsburgh was named in his honor.

title: William B. Hays


text:
Retzius

Retzius is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Anders Jahan Retzius (1742–1821), Swedish naturalist
 * Anders Retzius (1796–1860), Swedish anatomist; son of Anders Jahan Retzius
 * Gustaf Retzius (1842–1919), Swedish anatomist, liberal publicist; son of Anders Retzius

title: Retzius


text:
Marketing in schools

Marketing in schools is a widespread phenomenon in which schools sign contracts allowing certain businesses to conduct marketing activities in school facilities — primarily advertising. For example, a school might allow only one brand of soft drink to be sold in vending machines on the campus; in return, the soft drink company would provide compensation to the school (frequently money, but it may provide other compensation as well, such as building new facilities or paying for school supplies). The phrase usually refers to arrangements by elementary schools or high schools, rather than higher education; because this marketing is seen as targeting children, it is very controversial. One example of this is Channel One News, a TV show, branded as educational, shown in schools that shows two minutes of advertising. Channel One is shown in over 11,500 middle and high schools across the United States, reaching 7.7 million students.

Many find the practice objectionable. Some argue that it can encourage unhealthy behaviour in children; for example, the drinking of soda or the consumption of fast food. More generally, some people object to the entire concept of marketing to children, fearing that they are easier to influence and that this marketing is unethical, or that it interferes with the values they may wish to teach their child. The practice has come in for harsh criticism especially from many on the political left; for example, the magazine Adbusters has run numerous features attacking the practice. Many schools defend the practice, noting that it is a source of valuable revenue, allowing programs that might otherwise go unfunded.

title: Marketing in schools


text:
User talk:Vixieeee

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! CambridgeBayWeather 09:40, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Universitas 21 Global
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! We welcome and appreciate your contributions, such as Universitas 21 Global, but we regretfully cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from either web sites or printed material. This article appears to be a direct copy from http://www.u21global.com/portal/corporate/html/press-2005-07-18.html. As a copyright violation, Universitas 21 Global appears to qualify for speedy deletion under the speedy deletion criteria. Universitas 21 Global has been tagged for deletion, and may have been deleted by the time you see this message. If the source is a credible one, please consider rewriting the content and citing the source. If you believe that the article is not a copyright violation, or if you have permission from the copyright holder to release the content freely under the GFDL, you can comment to that effect on Talk:Universitas 21 Global. If the article has already been deleted, but you have a proper release, you can reenter the content at Universitas 21 Global, after describing the release on the talk page. However, you may want to consider rewriting the content in your own words. Thank you, and please feel free to continue contributing to Wikipedia. -- CambridgeBayWeather 09:40, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Vixieeee


text:
Charnwood

Charnwood may refer to:

County of Leicestershire, United Kingdom

 * Borough of Charnwood, a local government district in the county of Leicestershire, England
 * Charnwood (UK Parliament constituency), Leicestershire constituency in the British House of Commons
 * Charnwood (ward), an electoral ward and administrative division of the city of Leicester, England
 * Charnwood College, Loughborough
 * Charnwood Forest, within the borough

Other uses

 * Operation Charnwood, a Second World War Anglo-Canadian operation during the Battle of Normandy that captured northern Caen
 * Charnwood, Australian Capital Territory, a suburb of Canberra, Australia
 * The Barons Charnwood, barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
 * Godfrey Benson, 1st Baron Charnwood (1864–1945), British politician and biographer of Abraham Lincoln and Theodore Roosevelt; known as Lord Charnwood

title: Charnwood


text:
Sekhemrekhutawy

Sekhemrekhutawy (also Sekhemre Khutawy) is an Ancient Egyptian name meaning "Mighty Re, he who protects the Two Lands". Sekhemrekhutawy was the name of three Egyptian pharaohs during the Second Intermediate period:

 * Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep was either the founder of the 13th Dynasty or its twentieth ruler. He may have been a son of Amenemhat IV and reigned for a short while c. 1800 BC.
 * Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw was either the third of the sixteenth ruler of the 13th Dynasty. He may have reigned for 3 years c. 1775 BC.
 * Sekhemrekhutawy Pantjeny was a local ruler of Abydos some time between 1650 BC and 1600 BC. He either belongs to the Abydos Dynasty or to the 16th Dynasty.

title: Sekhemrekhutawy


text:
Talk:Rocky road (ice cream)

Vanilla Ice Cream with chocolate chip pieces is NOT Rocky Road. It may be "something" but it's not Rocky Road. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.11.211.138 (talk) 17:40, 21 February 2012 (UTC)

I find it odd no mention of the candy bar exists. [unsigned]

exists where? [unsigned]

 * In Australia, rocky road is known almost exclusively as a confection, with nothing to do with ice cream. I have modified the article to indicate this. I suspect "rocky road" means slightly different things in many countries, so it shouldn't be described only as an ice cream flavour. If other editors could add/clarify other regional meanings, that would help. -dmmaus 04:03, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

second only?
What is the origin of that information?

 * I believe it was from the Food Network show Unwrapped. Joyous | Talk 06:04, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20050810/Feature1.asp

this says that it's number 14 --Uccello 12:19, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

 * That seems like a more reliable source. Joyous | Talk 15:09, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Here's an anecdotal source: I don't remember seeing rocky road since I was a kid. Art LaPella 02:29, 15 February 2006 (UTC)

Randy Mills?
Sccala, please justify your constant re-inclusion of the information about "Randy Mills" in the popular culture section. Who is Randy Mills, and why is this relevant? The information has been deleted three different times by different users, and you keep putting it back in, without any justification. Kevyn (talk) 05:32, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

What about strawberry and caramel rocky road icecreams?
This article seems to imply that rocky road is chocolate icecream. I've enjoyed many a rocky road icecream on a stick and they were strawberry icecream with a biscuit and chocolate crumb coating. I've just checked the company website and there's also a caramel option though I don't recall ever seeing it. Maybe it's as rare as chocolate rocky road icecream? 118.163.199.187 (talk) 08:23, 15 March 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rocky road (ice cream)