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Joey Barton

Joseph Anthony Barton (born 2 September 1982) is an English professional football manager and former player who played as a midfielder. Barton made 269 appearances in the Premier League, including 130 for Manchester City; he was most recently the manager of League One side Bristol Rovers.

Barton was born and raised in Huyton, Merseyside. He began his football career with Manchester City in 2002 after working his way through their youth system. His appearances in the first team gradually increased over the following five years and he made more than 150 for the club. He earned his only cap for the England national team in February 2007. He joined Newcastle United for a fee of £5.8 million in July 2007. After four years with the club, he joined Queens Park Rangers in August 2011, from where he was loaned to Marseille in 2012. He returned from his loan spell the following season, and helped QPR to promotion to the Premier League via the Championship play-offs.

QPR were relegated again, and Barton was released at the end of the season. He signed a one-year deal to play for Burnley in 2015, helping them win promotion to the Premier League, but left to join Rangers in May 2016. He was banned from football after admitting a Football Association charge relating to betting in April 2017, and upon its expiry in June 2018 commenced his managerial career with Fleetwood Town, remaining in charge until January 2021.

Barton's career and life have been marked by numerous controversial incidents and disciplinary problems and he has been convicted twice of violent crimes. On 20 May 2008, he was sentenced to six months' imprisonment for common assault and affray during an incident in Liverpool city centre. Barton served 74 days of this prison term, being released on 28 July 2008. On 1 July 2008, he was also given a four-month suspended sentence after admitting assault occasioning actual bodily harm on former teammate Ousmane Dabo during a training-ground dispute on 1 May 2007. This incident effectively ended his Manchester City career. Barton has been charged with violent conduct three times by The Football Association: for the assault on Dabo, for punching Morten Gamst Pedersen in the stomach, and for attacking three players in the final game of the 2011–12 season where he got sent off against Manchester City.

Early life
Born in Huyton, Merseyside, Barton is the oldest of four brothers. His parents separated when he was 14 years old and consequently he lived with his father at his grandmother's house on a different estate. He has said that his grandmother's influence helped him to avoid getting caught up in a recreational drug culture and attributes his work ethic to his father. His father, also named Joseph, worked as a roofer and played football semi-professionally for Northwich Victoria. Barton enjoyed physical education at his school, St Thomas Becket, which he represented in various sports and was a talented rugby league prospect. He left school with ten GCSEs.

Early career
Barton pursued his dreams of becoming a professional footballer by joining Everton's youth system, but played for Liverpool when he was 14. He underwent trials at Nottingham Forest, but was rejected when it was decided he was too small to become a footballer. Barton said his rejection by clubs only made him more determined to succeed as a footballer and prove his detractors wrong. He made his first appearance for Manchester City's under-17s team in 1999. His first reserve-team appearance came at the end of the 2000–01 season, in his final year as a trainee. Uncertain about Barton's future prospects, the club planned to release him, but reconsidered and gave him his first professional contract in the close season. Over the next two years, he made the transition from the under-19s to regular reserve football. He was promoted to the first-team squad in the 2002–03 season.

Manchester City

Barton would have made his debut for the City first team in November 2002 against Middlesbrough, had he not lost his shirt after leaving it on the substitutes bench at half-time. He eventually made his first-team debut for the club against Bolton Wanderers on 5 April 2003. His first senior goal came two weeks later in a 2–0 win over Tottenham Hotspur on Good Friday. He ended the 2002–03 season with a run of seven consecutive starts.

After impressing in his first season at City, Barton was offered a new one-year contract at the club by manager Kevin Keegan, which he signed in April 2003. He featured in the first team more regularly during the 2003–04 season and, following a second Premiership goal, was rewarded with a call-up to the England U21 squad for their 2004 European Championship qualifiers against Macedonia and Portugal.

An FA Cup match against Tottenham saw Barton receive the first red card of his career in unusual circumstances: at half-time, with his club 3–0 down, he argued with the referee and was sent off although the match was not in progress. In the second half, despite playing with 10 men, Barton's teammates achieved an unlikely 4–3 victory. Barton left the City of Manchester Stadium in anger on 17 April, after not being named in the team to play Southampton. However, he featured regularly in the 2003–04 season, which he completed with 39 appearances and one goal. His displays impressed City's supporters, and at the end of the 2003–04 season he was awarded with the club's Young Player of the Year award.

Barton sparked a ten-man brawl in a friendly match against Doncaster Rovers on 25 July 2004 after "hacking" at an opposition player. Although he signed a new contract on 22 September 2004, which would keep him at City until 2007, the club considered sacking Barton in December 2004 after an incident at their Christmas party. He stubbed out a lit cigar in youth player Jamie Tandy's eye, after he had caught Tandy attempting to set fire to his shirt. Barton subsequently apologised for his actions and was fined six weeks' wages (£60,000).

In May 2005, Barton broke a 35-year-old pedestrian's leg while driving his car through Liverpool city centre at 2 am. In the summer of 2005, Barton was sent home from a pre-season tournament in Thailand after assaulting a 15-year-old Everton supporter who had provoked Barton by verbally abusing him and kicking his shin. Barton had to be restrained from attacking the boy further by teammate Richard Dunne. Barton underwent anger management therapy at the order of City manager Stuart Pearce and paid £120,000 in club fines. In the autumn of 2005, Barton began a seven-day programme of behavioural management at the Sporting Chance Clinic, a charity set up to help troubled sportsmen and women.

Barton handed in a written transfer request in January 2006, which the club rejected. The following day, they also rejected a verbal offer for Barton from Middlesbrough, with Stuart Pearce stating that a deal could still be made to keep him at the club. During the following week, Barton said that he had been "a little bit impetuous" in making such a request and agreed to begin negotiations on a new contract at City. He was rewarded with a new four-year deal, which he signed on 25 July, ending speculation about his future.

Barton's behaviour appeared to improve after his participation at the Sporting Chance Clinic. However, on 30 September 2006, television cameras captured Barton exposing his backside to Everton fans, following City's injury-time equaliser in a match at Goodison Park. Barton had received abuse from Everton supporters throughout the match and the gesture has since been described as "light-hearted" and "inoffensive" by people involved in football. Merseyside Police looked into the incident, but announced in October that no further action would be taken, although Barton was fined £2,000 for bringing the game into disrepute and warned about his future conduct by The Football Association.

In November 2006, Barton was involved in a memorable goal celebration. After scoring for Manchester City against Fulham, striker Bernardo Corradi ran to the corner flag, followed by teammate Joey Barton. Corradi proceeded to remove the corner flag and "knight" the kneeling Barton. In December 2006, Barton received the second red card of his career, for a late two-footed tackle on Bolton Wanderers player Abdoulaye Faye.

Barton's agent Willie McKay said in January 2007 that if any team offered at least £5.5 million for Barton, it would trigger a release clause in his contract that would mean City would have to allow Barton to talk to the interested club. This reportedly prompted Everton manager David Moyes to make an inquiry to City about Barton's availability. The next day Barton said: "People are trying to unsettle me but I'm happy to stay here".

Barton was arrested on suspicion of assault and criminal damage after an alleged argument with a taxi driver in Liverpool while going to his hotel after a match on 13 March 2007. He was cleared of this charge in May 2008.

Barton displayed his outspokenness once again on 22 April 2007 when he publicly criticised City's performances during the 2006–07 season, and described some of the players the club had signed as "substandard". Following his comments, City's manager Stuart Pearce banned him from speaking to the media.

Barton was fined £100,000 and suspended by City until the end of the 2006–07 season on 1 May 2007, following an incident during training when he assaulted his teammate Ousmane Dabo. Dabo said that he had been hit several times, was left unconscious and had to go to hospital after suffering injuries to his head, including a suspected detached retina. Dabo requested that the police press charges against Barton, and as a result, Barton was arrested and questioned by Greater Manchester Police. This altercation effectively ended Barton's time at City. He later cited a "relationship breakdown" with Stuart Pearce as the main reason he left the club. Barton was bailed until August and was later charged with assault, to which he initially pleaded not guilty. He later changed this to a guilty plea and on 1 July 2008 was sentenced to a four-month suspended prison sentence plus 200 hours of community service and ordered to pay £3,000 compensation and Dabo's court costs. Barton was also charged with violent conduct by the FA. Barton pleaded guilty and on 1 September 2008 was banned for six matches, with a further six-match ban suspended for two years, and fined £25,000.

Newcastle United

Following offers from Newcastle United and West Ham United, Barton joined Newcastle on 14 June 2007 for a fee of £5.8 million. The contract negotiations had become protracted after Manchester City refused to pay Barton a fee of £300,000 to which he was reported to be entitled if he left the club without submitting a request for transfer. Newcastle United consequently raised their initial offer of £5.5 million to £5.8, in effect compensating Manchester City for the £300,000 discrepancy. He said that his desire to win trophies helped him to make the decision, along with his admiration for manager Sam Allardyce. Barton made his Newcastle debut in a friendly against Hartlepool United on 17 July 2007. Four days later, he was ruled out for six to seven weeks after fracturing the fifth metatarsal bone in his left foot during a friendly match with Carlisle United. He was ruled out for a further month in October 2007.

Barton eventually made his Premier League debut for Newcastle on 22 October 2007, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 3–1 win over Tottenham. During his first Tyne–Wear derby for Newcastle against Sunderland, Barton appeared to raise his foot dangerously in a challenge with Sunderland's Dickson Etuhu, leading to the News of the World running with the headline "Ban Him". The FA were unable to charge Barton for the incident because match official Martin Atkinson had seen the act take place in the match, and had taken no action. FIFA regulations dictate that a retrospective charge for violent conduct can be made only if the match official did not notice the incident. Barton later apologised for the tackle. Early in December, he called for Newcastle fans to give the team more time after their abuse of manager Sam Allardyce, calling them "vicious". He later played this down, saying his comments had been misrepresented.

On 27 December 2007, Barton was arrested on suspicion of assault in the Church Street area of Liverpool city centre following an incident which took place at 5:30 am. He was remanded in custody on 28 December since the offence was committed whilst he was on bail for two prior offences; the presiding magistrate said: "I also have to consider the safety of the public – you lashed out indiscriminately". CCTV showed Barton punching a man twenty times, causing him to lose consciousness, and attacking a teenager, breaking some of his teeth. On 20 May 2008, he was sentenced to six months in jail after pleading guilty for his part in the December 2007 assault. Barton's cousin, Nadine Wilson, and his brother Andrew Barton also pleaded guilty to their part in the assaults and received suspended sentences. Barton admitted to being an alcoholic and claimed he wanted to achieve "total abstinence" in order to improve his behaviour. He served 74 days of his prison term, being released on 28 July 2008.

Barton's subsequent conviction, a four-month suspended sentence for the earlier assault on Ousmane Dabo at Manchester City, was handed out while serving this sentence. He returned to playing action on 30 August 2008, six days before his FA hearing, as a second-half substitute during Newcastle's 3–0 defeat to Arsenal. He came on to a chorus of boos from the Arsenal supporters. Shortly into this return match, Barton was involved in an incident with Samir Nasri, putting in a strong tackle, for which the referee did not give a foul. The tackle, though hard, was legal. Minutes later, Nasri deliberately clipped Barton while tracking back, for which he was booked. At the end of the match, Newcastle manager Kevin Keegan was involved in an altercation with Nasri and Arsenal captain William Gallas, in regards to the incident.

It was a brief stint back in the playing squad, with Barton banned for six matches, with a further suspended six-match ban, for his assault on Dabo. After serving his ban, he played 75 minutes in a reserve match and said he wanted to transform his image to become a role model, before he returned to action in the Tyne–Wear derby on 25 October. He was booed by Sunderland fans and had missiles thrown at him as he warmed up, as Newcastle lost 2–1. Without him, Newcastle had not recorded a league victory since the second match of the season, but Barton scored a penalty in his second match back to lift the club out of the relegation zone. The suspended six-match ban was nearly brought into action when Barton appeared to flick Aston Villa striker Gabriel Agbonlahor in the club's next match, but the FA decided not to punish Barton. However, further allegations that Barton had made a racist remark to Agbonlahor were cause enough for the FA to reconsider this decision. The remarks remain unfounded and 'professional lip-readers' claimed he said nothing racist. In Newcastle's 2–2 draw with Wigan on 15 November 2008, Barton was injured after a tackle from Lee Cattermole. It was later confirmed that Barton would be out for two months with a medial ligament injury. Returning to the first team at the end of January, he played only twice before again breaking his metatarsal, during a 2–1 defeat to his old club Manchester City.

In his first appearance in over three months on 3 May 2009, Barton was sent off late in a 3–0 loss to Liverpool at Anfield for a sliding challenge on Xabi Alonso. The red card ruled Barton out of Newcastle's remaining three matches of the season, with the club in danger of relegation from the Premier League. Newcastle manager Alan Shearer raised doubts about Barton's future at the club, saying: "I think it would be wrong to discuss his future now, but I'm not very happy." On 5 May, Newcastle United announced the suspension of Barton indefinitely, and Barton was told to stay away from the club. As a result, Barton's future at Newcastle United was put in doubt. The club suspension was widely reportedly to have resulted not directly from the red card, but from a dressing room confrontation with Shearer and assistant manager Iain Dowie following the match. Shearer said he made a mistake putting Barton back into the team, and that his tackle was "a coward's tackle", to which Barton replied that he was "the best player at the club", and Shearer had to play him. Shearer said that Barton was not, and that he was "shit". Barton replied that Shearer was "a shit manager with shit tactics". When Dowie intervened, Barton called him "a prick". Barton was reportedly transfer listed.

Barton stayed on with Newcastle United after they were relegated to the Championship, playing six out of Newcastle's opening eight league matches, but suffered an injury to his foot in a 3–1 win against Plymouth Argyle on 19 September. He returned in April for Newcastle, playing all nine of Newcastle's remaining league fixtures and scoring his only goal of the campaign from a free kick in a win over Peterborough United.

Barton started his new club season 2010–11 as a first-team regular, playing against Manchester United on the opening day. On 10 November, in a 2–1 defeat to Blackburn, Barton again acted violently, punching Morten Gamst Pedersen in the chest. He was not punished during the match as the officials did not see the incident, but after reviewing the evidence, the FA again charged Barton with violent conduct. Barton apologised, accepted the charge, and was banned for three matches. Barton courted controversy once again during Newcastle's 3–1 win over Liverpool on 11 December 2010, when he appeared to direct homophobic remarks and a lewd gesture at Fernando Torres. Barton scored two penalties against Arsenal on 5 February 2011 as Newcastle came from a 4–0 deficit to draw 4–4. He was involved in an altercation with Abou Diaby, which led to a straight red card for Diaby. Diaby took offence to Barton's strong challenge and retaliated by grabbing Barton by the neck and shoving him to the ground.

On 25 May 2011, Barton's agent Willie McKay confirmed that his client would not be signing a new contract at St James' Park after contract talks broke down between the club and player. Barton was officially transfer listed by Newcastle on 1 August 2011, and it was also stated that he could leave for free with his current contract yet to expire. Barton was set to leave Newcastle following his teammate Kevin Nolan, who had earlier joined West Ham United, but Barton insisted on not moving. Joey Barton also criticised the Newcastle board after it was decided he could leave the club on a free transfer. With Newcastle continuing to decline the offer of a new contract, after he refused an earlier offer, on 24 August 2011, Barton was given permission to talk to QPR. Thanking the Newcastle fans, he left on 26 August 2011.

A week before his signing with QPR, Barton was involved in an altercation with Gervinho of Arsenal, which resulted in Gervinho being sent off on his debut. Then, Alex Song stamped on Barton, for which Song received a three-match ban. Barton later said he was on the verge of joining Arsenal but his incident with Gervinho ended his hopes of a move to the Emirates, and instead he joined Queens Park Rangers.

Queens Park Rangers
On 26 August 2011, Barton moved to Queens Park Rangers, signing a four-year contract on a free transfer. He was handed the captain's armband by manager Neil Warnock on his debut with the club, which was a 0–0 draw with former club Newcastle. On 17 September, he scored his first goal for QPR during a 3–0 win against Wolverhampton Wanderers. Following his goal, Barton was involved in a physical confrontation with Wolves player Karl Henry. Henry and Barton had a previous physical confrontation in August 2010 when Barton was still at Newcastle. Barton accused Henry of "trying to hurt people". Henry responded by calling Barton's behaviour "embarrassing".

On 2 January 2012, Barton scored the opening goal in QPR's match against Norwich City, his second for the club. He was later given a straight red card after head-butting Norwich midfielder Bradley Johnson. With QPR down to ten men they went on to lose the match 2–1. When Warnock was replaced as manager by Mark Hughes in January 2012, Hughes confirmed that Barton would remain captain. Barton's performance in QPR's 3–2 home victory against Liverpool saw him booed by QPR fans, who promptly cheered when he was substituted just after the hour mark. Barton admitted that his performance was "awful" and the "worst I've ever played in my career" but also criticised the QPR fans for not sticking with the team in their battle against relegation. After being dropped for the club's next match, an away defeat to Sunderland, he returned to the line-up for the home match against Arsenal. Barton's third goal for the club came in a 3–0 victory at home to Swansea on 11 April 2011.

On 13 May, on the final day of the season, with QPR requiring at least a draw in their match away at Manchester City or for Bolton Wanderers to not win in order to guarantee Premier League safety, Barton was sent off in the 55th minute for violent misconduct after elbowing Carlos Tevez in the face. Immediately after being shown a red card, he kicked Sergio Agüero in the back of the knee and attempted to head-butt Vincent Kompany. Barton had to be dragged from the pitch by former teammate Micah Richards as he rowed with Manchester City players and staff and attempted to square-off with striker Mario Balotelli. QPR went on to concede two late goals and lose the match 3–2, but avoided relegation due to Bolton's draw at Stoke City. Barton commented after the match saying that he was trying to "take [one] of their players with me." The FA responded by issuing two charges of violent conduct against him, for the kick and the attempted head-butt, the initial foul already carrying with it a charge of violent conduct. Barton accepted the charge for kicking Agüero but denied the charge for attempting to head-butt Kompany. QPR also began an internal investigation into his behaviour, amid speculation that he would be stripped of the captaincy, fined and possibly either sold, released on a free transfer or have his contract terminated for gross misconduct.

On 23 May, Barton attended an FA hearing. Punishing him for all three counts of violent conduct, Barton was handed a twelve-match ban and fined £75,000. On 25 June, QPR announced the results of their internal investigation. Barton was stripped of the captaincy and fined six weeks' wages, believed to have been around £500,000. Barton was also removed from the club's pre-season tour of Asia, and in a statement the club said that they had "also reached agreement with Barton that if he seriously breaches the club's disciplinary procedures again, the club reserves the right to terminate his contract". Barton responded by saying that "My behaviour was wrong and I accept the punishment that has been imposed upon me as a result."

On 31 July 2012, Barton played 45 minutes of a friendly match for League Two team Fleetwood Town in the club's 4–0 win over Kilmarnock. He had been training with Fleetwood after being left out of Queens Park Rangers' tour of Malaysia. Fleetwood attempted to sign Barton on a six-month loan, but the deal was turned down by QPR.

Ahead of the 2012–13 Premier League season, Barton was not given a squad number by QPR. Towards the end of the season, chairman Tony Fernandes identified the loss of Barton as a factor in the club's poor performance and relegation from the Premier League, saying: "We missed Joey. We needed a workhorse midfielder and we tried to get Scott Parker. We missed a real leader."

Loan to Marseille
Barton completed a season-long loan move to Marseille on 31 August 2012. In September, the LFP confirmed that Barton's twelve-match ban would be upheld in French football, restricting Barton to UEFA Europa League football for the first four months of the season. On 20 September, Barton made his debut for the club in an away trip to Fenerbahçe in a UEFA Europa League tie, a match that ended 2–2. Barton scored his first goal for Marseille on 8 November in the 2–2 draw with Borussia Mönchengladbach in Germany, netting directly from a corner kick in the 54th minute.

Barton told ESPN that he would not return to Queens Park Rangers after the loan spell, and he also said that he only joined the club for money because his partner was expecting a child. Following the comments, on 25 November 2012, he made his league debut in a 1–0 home win against Lille. In his third league appearance on 2 December, Barton provided the assists for both Souleymane Diawara's and André Ayew's goals as Marseille defeated Brest 2–1 to remain two points behind leaders Lyon.

On 6 May 2013, Barton was given a two-match suspended ban for describing Thiago Silva of Paris Saint-Germain on Twitter as looking like an "overweight ladyboy". Laurent Davenas, the President of the French Football Federation's National Council of Ethics said that Barton was punished only for making "inappropriate" remarks, and escaped a more severe punishment because his lawyers proved his lack of homophobic intent by showing the committee Barton's appearance in the BBC Three documentary on homophobia in football.

Return to Queens Park Rangers

Barton returned to QPR for the 2013–14 Championship season, despite posting a series of tweets on 9 April 2013 affirming he would not play for the club again. During a match at Burnley in October, a plastic bottle thrown from the stands hit Barton on the head. He was sent off in QPR's 1–0 home defeat to Leicester City on 21 December 2013, receiving two yellow cards in quick succession for fouling and then throwing the ball in dissent at Gary Taylor-Fletcher. He started for QPR as they beat Derby County 1–0 in the 2014 Championship play-off final at Wembley Stadium on 24 May, a result that saw the club promoted back to the Premier League at the first attempt.

On 21 February 2015, Barton received the ninth red card of his career in the 32nd minute of a match against Hull City after swinging at Tom Huddlestone's groin following a foul by Darnell Furlong. Chris Ramsey suggested that Barton, who would miss the club's next three home matches as a result, would return to anger management therapy following the incident. In May 2015, Queens Park Rangers announced the release of Barton in the summer of 2015.

On 10 August 2015, following his release from Queens Park Rangers, West Ham United were reportedly confident of signing Barton. Two days later, their co-chairman David Gold confirmed that the deal was off after reported protests from some fans unhappy at the prospect of Barton turning out for the Hammers.

Burnley
On 27 August 2015, Barton joined Championship club Burnley on a one-year contract. He was named in the Championship PFA Team of the Year for the 2015–16 season.

Rangers
On 24 May 2016, Barton joined Scottish Premiership club Rangers on a two-year contract. He made his first appearance for the club as a substitute in Rangers' 2–0 victory over Annan Athletic in the Scottish League Cup on 19 July. In September 2016, Barton was suspended by Rangers for three weeks following a training ground argument with Andy Halliday. On 10 November 2016, Barton had his contract at Rangers terminated with immediate effect.

Return to Burnley
On 2 January 2017, despite the threat of an FA ban, Barton re-joined Burnley; he made his second debut for the club in a goalless draw with Sunderland in the FA Cup third round. Barton made his league return on 14 January, coming on as a substitute in the 73rd minute and scoring the only goal in a 1–0 win over Southampton five minutes later. On 26 April Barton was banned from football for 18 months after admitting a Football Association charge in relation to betting. Barton was released by Burnley on 23 May 2017. On 27 July 2017, Barton had his ban reduced by almost five months on appeal.

International career
Barton represented the England under-21 team and was part of the squad for their 2004 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualifiers against Macedonia and Portugal, scoring once against Portugal.

Following impressive form at club level, Barton received his first call-up to the full England squad on 2 February 2007 for a friendly match against Spain, despite his recent criticism of certain members of the England squad for releasing autobiographies after an unimpressive 2006 FIFA World Cup. He had suggested such players had "cashed in" on the national team's lack of success.

Barton later received support over his comments and Steven Gerrard, one of the players whom Barton had criticised, praised him for his honesty. However, Frank Lampard, who had also released an autobiography following the tournament, publicly stated his disapproval. Barton made his international debut on 7 February 2007, replacing Lampard in the 78th minute of the 1–0 defeat to Spain at Old Trafford.

Style of play
Early in his career, Barton mainly played a defensive role, with a game based on tackling and tracking back to shield the defence. As his career has progressed, he has begun to incorporate a more attacking approach to his play, which has resulted in a greater number of goals and assists, and his six goals from midfield made him Manchester City's leading scorer in the 2006–07 season, ahead of strikers Georgios Samaras, Bernardo Corradi, Émile Mpenza and Darius Vassell.

Barton has been described as having a good work ethic and the ability to carry the ball and retain possession for the team. He has been praised for having a good passing range. This aspect of his game has shown improvement since the 2005–06 season, when he began to favour simpler passes over more ambitious ones, and his relatively high pass completion rate can be attributed to this change. Barton's passes have often proved to be crucial; in the past he has led the way in his team's assists.

Barton has been described as the dirtiest player in the Premier League, a style reflected in the high number of fouls he has committed during his career. He received 39 bookings and three red cards during his time at Manchester City. This physical approach was occasionally criticised by Kevin Keegan as excessive.

Fleetwood Town
League One club Fleetwood Town announced in April 2018 that Barton would take over as manager on 2 June, after the expiration of his ban. He retired from playing upon taking over. His managerial career started with a 1–0 home defeat by AFC Wimbledon on 4 August 2018.

On 13 April 2019, following a 4–2 away defeat to Barnsley, South Yorkshire Police launched an investigation after Barton allegedly assaulted opposition manager Daniel Stendel in the tunnel. In July 2019, Barton was charged with causing actual bodily harm and bailed until 9 October 2019. He pleaded not guilty. Two days later he won the Manager of the Month award. On 6 November 2019, Barton appeared at Sheffield Crown Court, pleading not guilty to a charge of assault occasioning actual bodily harm. A provisional trial date was set for 1 June 2020. On 4 January 2021, the club announced that Barton had left the club with immediate effect. He left the club with the side 10th in League One. On 6 December 2021, Barton was cleared of assaulting Stendel.

Bristol Rovers
On 22 February 2021, Barton was appointed manager of Bristol Rovers with the club in a relegation battle, sitting just two points outside of the relegation zone. His first match was a relegation six-pointer against Wigan Athletic that saw Rovers fall to a 2–1 defeat in the final minute of second-half stoppage time. Barton was unable to reverse his side's slip down the table and on 24 April, they were officially relegated following a 1–0 defeat at Portsmouth that saw the club sitting bottom of the league, nine points off of safety with just two matches remaining. Relegation had been all but confirmed the previous match, with Barton coming out in the press to again publicly criticise his players, as well as the two managers before him, saying that his team were going down 'with a whimper'.

On 2 October 2021, Barton's Rovers side suffered a 3–1 home defeat to Ben Garner's managed Swindon Town side. This came after Barton had repeatedly criticised his predecessor, calling him "negligent" before repeating to have a number of digs at his opposing manager in the pre-match press conference, saying that he was willing to "spare 15-20 minutes for him after the game" to discuss the finer points of management. Later in October 2021, Barton was criticised by several anti-Semitism campaigners when he compared his team’s poor performance in a 3-1 defeat to Newport County to a holocaust. In a post-match interview, Barton had said, "Someone gets in for a game, does well but then has a Holocaust, a nightmare, an absolute disaster". Barton apologised for his comments the following week. After picking up ten points from four matches across the month, Barton was nominated for the EFL League Two Manager of the Month award for January 2022, ultimately missing out to Rob Edwards of Forest Green Rovers. Impressive form in 2022 saw Rovers rise up the table and following a 1–0 home victory over Colchester United on 15 March, Rovers found themselves in the play-off positions for the first time in the season. Barton was named League Two Manager of the Month for March 2022 at the second time of asking after leading his side to five wins from seven matches whilst conceding just three goals and pushing for a promotion place. The season finished in dramatic fashion with a 7–0 thrashing on the final day over Scunthorpe United giving Rovers the five goal swing that they required in order to overtake Northampton Town and move into third place, sealing promotion on goals scored.

On 1 July 2022, Barton signed a new three-year contract extension to keep him at the club until 2026.

Following an indifferent start to the season, Barton was sacked by the club on 26 October 2023. Following the decision, owner Hussain AlSaeed confirmed that the decision was for purely footballing reasons, the budget afforded to Barton not being representative of the league position of 16th after thirteen matches.

Family
Barton's brother Michael Barton was sentenced to life imprisonment (with a tariff of 17 years) for his involvement in the racially motivated murder of Anthony Walker in 2005. Joey made a public appeal to his brother to come forward and help with the police investigation following the attack, and also made a series of calls to Michael, enquiring about his involvement in the incident.

Barton has four children with Georgia McNeil: Cassius, born in 2011, Pietà, born in 2014, Penn, born in 2018, and Étienne, born in 2022. The couple married in 2019.

Interests

He is a friend of the boxer Ricky Hatton and has supported him in some of his fights, and has trained with him. He is also a friend of former Oasis band member Noel Gallagher. Barton co-owns a race horse called 'Crying Lightning' (named after the Arctic Monkeys' song) with fellow footballer Claudio Pizarro. He is also known for his love of Manchester band the Smiths, citing Morrissey as an idol of his. Barton appears in the music video for Morrissey's "Spent the Day in Bed."

Charity
Barton is a patron of the Tamsin Gulvin Fund, a charity set up to support people who have addiction problems and no financial support. Tony Adams, who had been impressed with Barton's attitude during his involvement in the Sporting Chance Clinic, appointed him to this role. He is a part of the 'Get Hooked on Fishing' campaign, designed to keep children out of trouble by encouraging them to take up fishing. He has also taken part in a celebrity cricket match for charity to help fund a new children's rehabilitation unit at a hospital in Manchester. In 2011, he began writing a regular column in The Big Issue, a street newspaper sold by the homeless and vulnerably housed. In 2012, Barton, along with Robbie Elliott, a former Newcastle United fullback, sponsored a shirt each from Newcastle United's women's team. Barton sponsored the number seven shirt, the number he wore in the men's side. In September 2013, Barton became the first player to wear rainbow laces as part of Stonewall's Rainbow Laces Campaign to promote the inclusion of the LGBTQ+ community in sport.

Views
Barton is a prominent user of Twitter, with over 2.7 million followers as of December 2023. Commenting on figures from Friedrich Nietzsche and George Orwell to Isambard Kingdom Brunel and Morrissey, his eclectic tweets have resulted in him being described by the BBC as "a philosophical sportsman to rival Eric Cantona in his heyday". Others in the media have criticised this description, with Paul Hayward, chief sports writer for The Daily Telegraph, writing that Barton "manages to be patronised [by the media] and held up as some kind of exemplar all at once ... he is skilled at tricking us into watching him veer between the extremes of thinker and thug. Either this is a repudiation of societal hypocrisy or, more likely, indicative of a sociopathic tendency." Ellie Mae O'Hagan of The Guardian commented that "the problem, I think, is not the belief that Barton is a reformed character, but the notion that one cannot possibly be a philosopher and violent at the same time: that quoting philosophy should automatically be taken as a sign of reformation ... In my mind, this all boils down to class snobbery. It is automatically assumed that Barton has violent tendencies because he's a working-class man who has chosen to play football for a living. So when he shows signs of intelligence, it's treated as a sign of reform: intellect is the preserve of the gentlemanly middle-classes."

On 29 May 2014, Barton appeared on the BBC's Question Time discussion programme where, referring to the UK Independence Party (UKIP), he said "If I'm somewhere and there was four really ugly girls, I'm thinking she's not the worst – that's all UKIP are". Barton's comments were criticised as sexist by an audience member, prompting him to apologise on air. Barton has also criticised the participation of women in men's football. In January 2024, ITV responded with condemnation to Barton's referring to Eniola Aluko and Lucy Ward as "the Fred and Rose West of football commentary" after they appeared as pundit and co-commentator on an ITV match broadcast.

In a television programme broadcast on BBC Three on 30 January 2012, Barton stated his beliefs in support of gay rights, in discussion with presenter Amal Fashanu, niece of Justin Fashanu, who came out as gay in 1990 and was England's only openly gay footballer until 2022. He described lack of any openly gay players in English professional football as "a subject that's quite close to my heart", as his uncle is gay. He stated his belief that there would be an openly gay player "within the next 10 years" and expressed his fear that "certain managers ... will discriminate against people" but that he feels "more fool them, and their lack of social awareness and intelligence" and wants his generation's legacy to "help not only change the game for the better, and change the teams that they played in, but also change the culture and change the society and the football clubs that they played at.

In an article written in The Independent in February 2015, Barton stated that: "If I were Prime Minister I would privatise religion. All public money would be withdrawn from religion. Taxpayers' money will cease to sponsor religion in any and every form." He said that the Church of England should be disestablished. In April of that year, he was appointed an honorary associate of the National Secular Society.

Barton has openly stated he is a republican, favouring abolition of the British monarchy.

Barton released his autobiography, No Nonsense, in 2016.

Gambling
In October 2016, Barton was charged with breaking rules relating to gambling on football matches. He was accused by the Scottish Football Association of placing 44 bets on matches between 1 July and 15 September 2016. In November 2016, he received a one match ban from the Scottish Football Association for breaking the rules on gambling on football matches. In December 2016, he was charged with misconduct, with the Football Association claiming he had placed 1,260 bets over the past 10 years.

On 26 April 2017, Barton received an 18-month ban from football after admitting a Football Association charge in relation to betting.

Legal issues
In 2006, Merseyside Police investigated after Barton exposed his buttocks to Everton supporters following a game on 30 September. On 4 October, they announced that they would be taking no further action.

On 13 March 2007, Barton was arrested on suspicious of assault and criminal damage following an altercation with a taxi driver in Liverpool on 4 March. He was cleared of this charge in May 2008, after his cousin, Joshua Wilson, admitted to causing the damage.

On 1 May 2007, Barton assaulted his teammate Ousmane Dabo during a training session. Dabo was hit several times, left unconscious, and hospitalised with head injuries, including a suspected detached retina. On 16 May, Barton was arrested and questioned by Greater Manchester Police, and was later charged with assault. He initially pleaded not guilty, but later changed his plea to guilty. On 1 July 2008, Barton was sentenced to a four-month suspended prison sentence plus 200 hours of community service and ordered to pay £3,000 compensation and Dabo's court costs.

In the early hours of 27 December 2007, Barton was arrested on suspicion of assault in Liverpool city centre. Barton punched a man twenty times, causing him to lose consciousness, before attacking a teenage boy. At the time, Barton was on bail for two previous arrests, and he was denied bail for the third arrest. Barton pleaded guilty to the offence, and, on 20 May 2008, he was sentenced to six months in jail. Barton's cousin, Nadine Wilson, and his brother Andrew Barton also pleaded guilty to their part in the assaults and received suspended sentences.

In August 2008, Jamie Tandy pursued a civil claim against Barton. Barton had stubbed out a lit cigar in Tandy's eye in 2004 while Tandy was a youth player at Manchester City. Tandy claimed that the incident caused a "major psychiatric deterioration in his health that has destroyed any chance he may have had of playing professional football at a high level." In November 2009, Barton agreed to pay Tandy £65,000 as part of an out-of-court settlement.

On 4 June 2012, Barton was arrested alongside three other men after a fight outside a nightclub in Liverpool. Barton claimed that he had been "sucker punched" in the incident. The following month, all four men were told they would face no further police action.

On 13 April 2019, South Yorkshire Police launched an investigation after Barton was alleged to have assaulted opposition manager Daniel Stendel in the Oakwell tunnel following a game between Fleetwood Town and Barnsley. In July 2019, Barton was charged with causing actual bodily harm and bailed until 9 October 2019. He pleaded not guilty. On 6 December 2021, Barton was found not guilty of the charge.

In July 2021, Barton was charged with the assault by beating of a woman at an address in Kew, London in June 2021. In March 2022, a court heard that Barton was accused of kicking his wife in the head and grabbing her throat while drunk, the case being adjourned to 23 June due to a late arrival of emails. The case was further delayed until the end of October, Barton's defence team being set a deadline of two weeks to provide the list of witnesses that they would be presenting and say whether or not the alleged victim would be called as a defence witness. The case was dismissed on 31 October on grounds of the impossibility of Barton receiving a fair trial because prosecutors would not call the alleged victim to testify.

In April 2024, Cheshire Police announced it was investigating Barton after "reports of offences under the Communications Act". The force said it could not comment further about which posts had been reported.

Jeremy Vine sued Barton for libel over posts on Twitter, where Barton had repeatedly called Vine a "bike nonce". In a preliminary ruling, judge Mrs Justice Steyn, in the High Court, held that the tweets were defamatory at common law, since Barton had combined the term 'nonce', British slang for paedophile, with images of notorious paedophiles such as Jimmy Savile and Jeffrey Epstein, which had the defamatory effect of falsely insinuating that Vine is a paedophile. In settlement, Barton offered to pay £75,000 in damages and to pay Vine's legal expenses. However, Vine stated that the £75,000+costs was an offer made at an earlier stage, and subsequently Barton went on to make further defamatory statements, and that the legal process continues in respect of these. To settle the libel claim with Vine, Barton was ordered to pay an additional £35,000.

International

 * Source:

As a player
Newcastle United
 * Football League Championship: 2009–10

Queens Park Rangers
 * Football League Championship play-offs: 2013–14

Burnley
 * Football League Championship: 2015–16

Individual
 * Manchester City Young Player of the Year: 2003–04
 * The Football League Team of the Season: 2015–16
 * Burnley Player of the Year: 2015–16
 * PFA Team of the Year: 2015–16 Championship

As a manager
Bristol Rovers
 * EFL League Two third-place promotion: 2021–22

Individual
 * EFL League One Manager of the Month: September 2019
 * EFL League Two Manager of the Month: March 2022

title: Joey Barton


text: Talk:Waseda University Library

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Waseda University Library


text:
Somers-class destroyer

The Somers-class destroyer was a class of five 1850-ton United States Navy destroyers based on the Porter-class destroyer. They were answers to the large destroyers that the Japanese navy was building at the time, and were initially intended to be flotilla leaders. They were laid down from 1935–1936 and commissioned from 1937–1939. They were built to round-out the thirteen destroyers of 1,850 tons standard displacement allowed by the tonnage limits of the London Naval Treaty, and were originally intended to be repeat Porters. However, new high-pressure, high-temperature boilers became available, allowing the use of a single stack. This combined with weight savings (including elimination of reload torpedoes) allowed an increase from two quadruple center-line torpedo tube mounts to three. However, the Somers class were still over-weight and top-heavy. This was the first US destroyer class to use 600 psi steam superheated to 850 °F, which became standard for US warships built in the late 1930s and World War II.

Like the Porters, they were originally built with eight 5 in/38 caliber guns in four single-purpose (surface action only) twin mounts. Anti-aircraft (AA) protection was initially provided by two quadruple 1.1 in machine cannon mounts and two .50-caliber machine guns. The 1.1-inch mounts were intended to compensate for the 5-inch guns' lack of AA capability; in the 1930s this was thought to be sufficient. As with the Porters, the Somers' main armament was reduced to six guns (and replaced with dual-purpose mounts totaling five guns in Davis and Jouett) during World War II, with the anti-aircraft armament replaced by 40 mm Bofors and 20 mm Oerlikon guns and the torpedo armament reduced to eight tubes. In two ships (Davis and Jouett) the torpedo armament was eliminated to maximize the number of 40 mm guns.

All of the class served in World War II, initially on Neutrality Patrols in the Atlantic and Caribbean. In early 1942 Warrington and Sampson were transferred to the Southeast Pacific Area, where they primarily escorted convoys between the Panama Canal and the Society Islands. In mid-1943 these two were transferred to the Southwest Pacific Area and operated near New Guinea and in the Solomon Islands; the others operated off Brazil and in the Caribbean and South Atlantic. In May 1944 all were transferred to the North Atlantic to support the invasion of Normandy, which Somers, Davis, and Jouett were directly involved in. Somers and Jouett supported the invasion of southern France in August. Warrington foundered in a hurricane in the Bahamas in September 1944. The others escorted convoys for the remainder of the war, and were scrapped by 1947.

Design
The five Somers class were built to round out the eight Porter-class 1850-ton destroyers to the London Naval Treaty tonnage limit of thirteen such ships, and were originally intended to be repeat Porters. However, controversial (for the time) high-pressure, high-temperature air-encased boilers derived from the ones installed in the modernized battleship USS New Mexico (BB-40) became available, and the class was built to a modified design by Gibbs & Cox. The new boilers allowed the use of a single stack. This combined with weight savings (including elimination of reload torpedoes) allowed an increase from two quadruple centerline torpedo tube mounts to three (versus the Porters). However, the Somers class were still over-weight and top-heavy. The resulting broadside of twelve torpedo tubes was the heaviest ever on a US destroyer; other classes (Gridley-class destroyer, Bagley-class destroyer, and Benham-class destroyer) with sixteen torpedo tubes had an eight-tube broadside. Gun armament remained the same as the Porters, with eight 5-inch/38 caliber single purpose (anti-surface only) guns in four twin mounts. Two quadruple 1.1-inch machine cannon mounts were added to compensate for the lack of main battery anti-aircraft capability.

Engineering
The Somers-class propulsion plant was the most advanced yet installed in a US Navy destroyer. Compared with the Porters, four Babcock & Wilcox boilers of a new air-encased design raised the design horsepower from 50000 shp to 52000 shp. Steam conditions rose to 600 psi, superheated to 850 °F for the first time; this became standard for US warships built in the late 1930s and World War II. Boiler economizers were included for improved fuel efficiency. The main steam turbines were impulse-type (also called Curtis turbines) and included cruising turbines and double-reduction gearing. This increased the ships' range from 6380 nmi to 7020 nmi.

Armament

Like the Porters, the Somers class were originally built with eight Mark 12 5-inch/38 caliber guns in four Mark 22 single purpose (anti-surface only) twin mounts. Torpedo armament was increased to twelve 21 in tubes in three quad mountings on the centerline, but with no reloads. The Mark 15 torpedo was equipped. Anti-aircraft (AA) protection was initially provided by two quadruple 1.1-inch machine cannon mounts and two .50-caliber machine guns. The 1.1-inch mounts were intended to compensate for the 5 inch guns' lack of AA capability; in the 1930s two quad mounts were thought to be sufficient. During World War II, as with the Porters, the Somers-class main armament was reduced to six guns, with the light AA armament replaced by up to six 40 mm Bofors in twin mounts and several 20 mm Oerlikon guns by also landing a torpedo tube mount. On most ships four K-gun depth charge throwers were added to augment the as-built pair of depth charge racks. In Davis and Jouett the main armament was replaced by five dual-purpose guns in two twin and one single mount. Later in these two, the torpedo armament was eliminated along with two K-guns and one depth charge rack to maximize the number of 40 mm guns at 14, placed in two quad mounts and three twin mounts.

Service
In 1941, all of the class were based in the Atlantic or Caribbean conducting Neutrality Patrols, during which Somers and the cruiser USS Omaha (CL-4) captured a German blockade runner, earning the last prize money ever awarded by the US Navy. In early 1942 Warrington and Sampson moved to the Southeast Pacific Area, escorting convoys from the Panama Canal to the Society Islands, along with patrols to ports in South America. These two transferred to the Southwest Pacific Area in mid-1943, with operations including the start of the Bougainville Campaign, a raid on New Ireland, and actions near New Guinea. Somers, Davis, and Jouett spent the first years of the war patrolling the Caribbean and South Atlantic, intercepting several German blockade runners and at least one U-boat (GS U-128 (1941)) near Brazil. In January 1943 Somers relocated to Bathurst, Gambia to support the Roosevelt-Churchill-De Gaulle Casablanca Conference, later escorting the Free French warships FRENCH BATTLESHIP Richelieu and FRENCH CRUISER Montcalm from Dakar, Senegal to the United States.

In May 1944 all of the class were transferred to the North Atlantic as part of the buildup for the invasion of Normandy, which Somers, Davis, and Jouett directly supported. Although Davis struck a mine and returned to the US for repairs, Somers and Jouett also supported the invasion of southern France in August, in which Somers sank two German vessels and engaged shore batteries. Warrington foundered in a hurricane near the Bahamas in September. The remainder of the class spent the rest of the war escorting convoys in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. Following the war, all were scrapped by 1947.

title: Somers-class destroyer


text:
Len Fairclough

Leonard Franklin "Len" Fairclough is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street, portrayed by Peter Adamson between his introduction in 1961 and the character's axing in 1983.

Storylines
Len was from Liverpool, born on 5 November 1924. His parents were killed in the Blitz, after which Len joined the Merchant Navy. After de-mob, he came to Weatherfield, where he married Nellie and had a son Stanley (played by Peter Noone, later of the British pop group Herman's Hermits). The marriage was not a happy one and on 22 November 1963, Nellie told him she wanted a divorce. Nellie later died of cancer and Stanley never forgave his father for how he had treated her — they were never reconciled.

A builder by profession — he owned his own yard — he also spent many years as an Independent councillor for Weatherfield. Len's idea of a real woman was his next-door neighbour, Elsie Tanner (Patricia Phoenix): attractive, sexy, with a ribald sense of humour. However she was more of a friend than a lover, and when Len suggested that their relationship should go to the next level, Elsie always refused, not wanting to spoil the special bond they had. When Elsie remarried, to a handsome G.I., Master Sergeant Steve Tanner (Paul Maxwell), Len was consumed with jealousy, to such an extent that when Steve was found dead in suspicious circumstances, Len was accused of murdering him.

Len had reconciled himself to being on his own for the rest of his life — and then he met Rita Bates (Barbara Knox), who earned her living as a cabaret singer in the rather downmarket Gatsby Club. Although she claimed she was married to Harry Bates (William Simons), they were in fact only a common-law couple; her name was actually Rita Littlewood. Rita had a lot in common with Elsie. She was feisty, independent and was never afraid to stand up to Len, and this was what he wanted in a woman. Elsie was initially very cool towards Rita, but they became firm friends later. After a rocky courtship, Len and Rita married and honeymooned in Tenerife, where Rita had a secured herself a singing job.

After a while, Rita started to feel frustrated by Len and his lack of motivation. Feeling he was taking her for granted, Rita left him, upon which Len went to pieces. Once she had agreed to return, the couple attempted to adopt a child, but were told they were too old. Instead, they fostered, first a boy called John, then, on a more long-term basis, Sharon Gaskell (Tracie Bennett). Len was amused that she preferred woodwork to needlework and that she liked playing football — this caused an instant bond between them, much to Rita's delight. Sharon became the Faircloughs' surrogate daughter, and Len was proud of her. When he came home unexpectedly one night and found a boy in the house trying to entice Sharon upstairs, he threatened to hit him. Rita was angry, believing that Len had mishandled the situation, but he was able to say from the heart that he had only done it because he cared about Sharon. Eventually, Sharon moved away, after getting a job as a kennel maid in Sheffield.

Life seemed to be going well for the Faircloughs; they had two businesses, Len's building yard and The Kabin, a newsagents. However, an off-screen scandal, when Peter Adamson, who played Len, was accused of indecent assault, resulted in a decision by the producers to discontinue the character, despite Adamson eventually being found not guilty. For several months Len did not appear, his absence explained by a storyline that he was working long hours on a contract away from home.

Rita's world came crashing down when Len fell asleep at the wheel of his van and collided with a motorway bridge. He was killed instantly. Rita was devastated but was comforted when Sharon came back from Sheffield to attend the funeral. Rita was later to discover, however, that Len had been having an affair with a woman in Ashton. As a result, her memories of Len remained bittersweet. When Rita subsequently began a relationship with Alan Bradley (Mark Eden), Alan stole evidence of Len's identity and pretended to be him in order to obtain a loan to support his own business. It was Rita's discovery of the deception that caused her violent final breakup with Alan.

Creation and casting
Adamson was a former extra and theatre actor who had turned to TV drama with the Granada series Skyport and Knight Errant. When casting began for the new TV serial Florizel Street, Adamson auditioned for the parts of Dennis Tanner (later Philip Lowrie) and Ken Barlow (later William Roache), however at thirty he was considered too old for either part and instead he was cast as insurance man Harry Bailey. Adamson was one of several actors cast for the dry runs who did not appear on screen; when the series was commissioned, further casting and rewrites took place, and Harry Bailey was dropped from the episode (the character later appeared in Episode 5, renamed Ron Bailey and played by Ray Mort).

When the series was extended beyond its initial run, Adamson tried again, auditioning for the part of Harry Hewitt's (Ivan Beavis) drinking buddy by the name of Len Fairclough. He secured the part and made his on-screen debut in Episode 14 on 25 January 1961. Despite a sketchy character brief, Len's role grew, and with the departure of Ivan Beavis from the cast in 1964 Len took over as the programme's leading alpha male. Then-script editor H.V. Kershaw credited this to Adamson's skill as an actor: "The character of Len Fairclough was formed in the first few weeks or Coronation Street mainly as a social partner for Harry Hewitt who had been a central character since the second episode. So assertively was the character played by Peter Adamson that it rapidly achieved an importance of its own and by the beginning of 1964 the character led the male defence against the monstrous battalions of the Street's women." Bill Podmore, producer throughout the 1970s, said "Peter had a great rugged quality, the right face and exactly the right build. His toughness only gave more weight to his acting skills. Off the set he could be as abrasive as the man he played, it was an underlying part of his nature which he passed on to Len. He turned him into a wonderfully earthy character who didn't mince words but was never unattractive to the legions of fans." An early sign of the character's success was that Adamson was the only non-original cast member contracted for the duration of the Equity actors' strike between November 1961 and April 1962.

As noted in Life in the Street (Graeme Kay, 1991), the public reaction to the character varied from demands by viewers to drop the "loud-mouthed, hard-drinking bully", to male viewers offering Adamson a fight to "find out how tough he really was".

Development
When he first appeared in the serial, Len was characterized as a neglectful husband and father, although his wife Nellie never appeared on-screen. For many years, Len was programme's central male character, appearing in more episodes than anyone else in 1962, 1965, 1966 and 1972. A key element of the character was his relationship with Elsie Tanner. Despite a mutual attraction between the pair, the writers never allowed Len and Elsie to get together, as writer Adele Rose explains: "The value of their relationship was always in the spikiness underneath the genuine affection they had for each other. It was far more profitable in terms of story and character to keep them with the love-hate relationship going on. He was the one who could say things to her that nobody else could and vice versa. If we ever brought it to any kind of conclusion, that would have been the end of both the characters' value to the show."

Len was the first character to swear in Coronation Street. As recalls Kershaw: "Coronation Street resisted the use of the word 'bloody' until Episode 190 when Len Fairclough, suffering under the stress of the kidnapping of his friend's baby, used the word to Emily Nugent (Eileen Derbyshire) and immediately apologised. Those days have gone forever."

The other woman in Len's life was Rita Littlewood. The character of Rita, initially named Rita Bates, was specifically devised as a love interest for Len, although when Barbara Mullaney was cast the character was linked with her prior one-episode role from 1964. Five years later, producer Bill Podmore decided that they would finally tie the knot. He was surprised to be met with opposition from the actors: "Peter and Barbara argued that a wedding could be the beginning of the end for their characters. Len and Rita were cornerstones of the Street, and they imagined that a marriage could chip the bedrock away. Their individual independence within the programme would disappear first and that, they feared, would be swiftly followed by a watering down of their storylines. Frankly, they didn't want to share." The wedding was watched by 16.90 million viewers - the programme's highest audience figure of the decade - and the TV Times celebrated with a wedding souvenir magazine.

Adamson's behaviour
The character was absent between October and December 1969, as Peter Adamson was suspended for two months without pay to deal with his alcoholism. H.V. Kershaw made the decision after Adamson was so inebriated during the recording of a scene that, for the first time in the programme's history not due to a technical problem, the scene had to be remounted the following week so that close-ups could be shot which were then edited into the previous week's footage.

Adamson's drinking had been a continuing problem behind the scenes. Bill Podmore, who directed the episode in question, says: "Peter had been pretty tipsy on set many times before but we had always got away with it and I don't think a single viewer ever suspected. If they did, they let it pass. Harry Kershaw was not prepared to be so generous this time. For him it was the last straw." Kershaw: "Peter Adamson's drunkenness hung around like an albatross around the programme's neck and my responsibilities as producer were beginning to weigh very heavily indeed ... At each story conference during this period we would include the character in our projected plots, hoping that Peter Adamson's problem would miraculously disappear. This was wishful thinking at its most stupid and it rapidly became evident as matters grew worse that drastic action needed to be taken." On Adamson's reaction to his suspension, "His immediate reaction, as I recall it, was to call me a crafty bastard ... He had always banked on Granada's reluctance to tear up three months of planning and get rid of him. The cunning which leads alcoholics to hide their bottles in inaccessible places had led him to believe that his financial future at least was secure and the shattering of this belief was in fact the first step towards his recovery." Kershaw wrongly claims that the suspension occurred in 1964) According to Kershaw and Podmore, Adamson beat the bottle at the first attempt.

Departure
Len's last appearance before Adamson's leave of absence in Episode 2307 stood as the character's swansong, and seven months later he was killed off, dying off-screen in a motorway collision while returning home from his hitherto secret mistress Marjorie Proctor. "Of course the public saw this as another twist of the knife," said Bill Podmore, "and Peter traded on their sympathy. He had been a professional actor long enough to realise that if a character of Len's fame was to be killed off, the sacrifice would only be made with the help of the most dramatic storyline possible. Instead he chose to believe that Coronation Street had taken revenge for his shame." Writers John Stevenson and Adele Rose back up Podmore's claim that Len cheating on Rita was motivated only by the objective of maximum drama.

title: Len Fairclough


text:
MailScanner

MailScanner is an open source email security system for use on Unix email gateways and was first released in 2001. It protects against viruses, spam, malware, and phishing. It is distributed under the GNU General Public License.

The original author, Julian Field, won the 2004 Open Source Award from UKUUG for the product.

Worldwide, the software is estimated to be process over eighty billion emails per month, with millions of downloads. ISPs and mobile telephone networks are included in this list of users.

More recently, anti-phishing measures have been introduced. The software spots attempts at obfuscating URLs (for example, to lure the user into thinking they are signing into their bank, when in reality they are using an impostor web site) and modifies the email with a suitable warning.

As of January 2014 the project is sponsored by the lead developer Jerry Benton who is the founder of Mailborder Systems. As of January 2018 the primary developer is Shawn Iverson of the eFa Project. The project's other major contributor is Mark Sapiro of the GNU Mailman project.

Technology
MailScanner is implemented in around 50,000 lines of Perl. It links with other software packages in order to fulfill its duties:

 * Email server (MTA) (e.g. sendmail, postfix).
 * Anti-virus software (e.g. ClamAV – over twenty five different products are supported).
 * Anti-spam software (SpamAssassin).

As with any complex software platform, performance results can vary wildly depending on a wide variety of factors. In 2009 evidence suggested that a quad Xeon PC with 2 GB of RAM and 15 kRPM SCSI disks can process something in the area of 2.2 million messages per day. This number would be dwarfed by modern hardware.

title: MailScanner


text:
User talk:Feebtlas

Beer cats
It has been suggested by User:BrianSmithson that the Beer and brewery categories should be renamed. The proposal has been supported by User:Syrthiss, and supported and expanded by myself. The notion is that the regional categories should follow the format of "Beer and breweries in Africa" /Europe/Asia/North America/South America/Oceania. "Brewers and breweries" could also be renamed "Beer and breweries by region". And all the countries should also be renamed (and merged if needed) as, for example, "Beer and breweries of Germany", "Beer and breweries of Britain", "Beer and breweries of Poland". The word in each case would be beer rather than beers to allow for general articles on beer culture in each region as well as individual beers.

Comments, suggestions, objections and simple votes to Wiki Beer Project SilkTork 15:11, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

Railway staiton stubs...
Hi. Your contributiosn much appreciated.

Just a suggestion, but had you considered providing links to map/arieal phots sites other than Multimap such as Google Maps,Streetmap.co.uk or various 'open' and free alternatives?

ShakespeareFan00 12:34, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

I'll look in to it - Feebtlas 14:21, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

Blakedown (Chiltern Railways)
I see you've removed mention of this stop from the Chiltern line infobox at Blakedown railway station, Kidderminster railway station and Hagley railway station. I'm not so sure you're right, though: the 08.10 Chiltern service from Kidderminster does stop at Blakedown. It's only once a day, and only in one direction, but it's there! Loganberry (Talk) 11:44, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

Interesting. I assumed that much of the line had been given blanket Chiltern route boxes incorrectly (example, Bordesley), when no Chiltern trains actually stop there, and I also saw that Chiltern have removed Blakedown from their route map! Unfortunately I cannot find full timetables any longer on their website but according to NR yes you are right there is that one service a day (but apparently not one coming back). I wonder if one train a day counts as a full service and if so Chiltern could have route boxes at both Oxford and Paddington, but with this knowledge I guess Blakedown needs reverting. It's confusing. Feebtlas 12:07, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I've added a note about the single Chiltern service to the Blakedown page, but have left the infoboxes as they are; I'll let you decide whether to change those or not. This seems to be quite a recent change, too: last year I quite regularly used the evening Chiltern services along this route (my local station is Kidderminster) and several of those did stop at Blakedown. Loganberry (Talk) 11:27, 20 June 2006 (UTC)

Poll
Your vote/opinion on brewery notability is requested here: SilkTork 12:12, 20 July 2006 (UTC)

Marlow/Maidenhead Branch Line
Not quite, although you'd be forgiven for thinking that. I wrote the article Marlow Donkey (primarily about the history of the Maidenhead-High Wycombe branch, which is now Maidenhead-Marlow). I then found the 'Marlow Branch Line', which talks about the same line, albeit currently, not historically. As historically the Marlow Branch Line is bogus (it was the Maidenhead to High Wycombe branch line, the Marlow branch line only went to Bourne End), it seemed sensible to write an article to merge the 2 together, called Maidenhead Branch Line, and forward all old articles to the new one. If that isn't the correct course, I'd apreciate some guidance on how I should have proceeded. - Sibaz 18:48, 22 August 2006 (BST)

Leo Sayer
Yes your right! But it is a courtesy is there a problem with that? Regarding checking, I’m sure you noticed I used an Autobot which showed an image was missing…Hence I reverted. Once again Happy New Year Shoessss 21:13, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

No you're right most of my edits are just reverting vandalism. The articals that I have either started or participated heavly in are Philadelphia, Northerast Philadelphia, Parkwood. Again HAppy New Year and lets put this one to bed 21:33, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

Strongbow
Do not condescend me on Wiki policy. You have taken a POV that this article should state that Strongbow is not a "real cider". It does not claim to be - nor is it an Aardvark. The correct place for this is in discussion.

"Please do not revert the edits of more experienced editors without discussion. Feebtlas 13:16, 11 January 2007 (UTC)"

Are you for real? Who are you to say that you are more experienced or that your postings are of greater value than others. I strongly suggest YOU reread some core principles of WIKI. Do not add to well establised and factually sound articles without discussion.

Well, I completely disagree with you on this and where is your consensus? You are seeking to subvert my right to rv your contribution.

There is no possiblity of any consumer mistaking Stronbow as a "real cider" - take your soapbox elsewhere.

Do not try to subvert my right to edit with your bullying and arrogant tone. I do not believe that your contribution is encyclopeadic and - in the conext you have chosen - you are simply seeking to denegtae Strongbow for some "real cider" agenda. I am well aware of the 3RR - it MAY result in a block if felt that it is used maliciously. I have clearly set my reasons for rv ing your edit - why not leave it to other regular contributors to this article to decide?

Once again, who are you to lecture me on Wiki policy? You stated that the 3RR "would" result in a block. It "may" result in a block if persistent Rv ing is used and it held to be against Wike policy by those with powers to decide.

I do not digaree with your comments on the process of cider making. I do disagree with your POV that it should be part of this mainstream article or that Strongbow purports to be a "real cider" simply because it has been made for many years. The term "processed" is also meaningless in this context. Real cider is made by a process - rather it is a differnt process to mass produced ciders. As I have registered a disagreement with you contribution, you should have the courtesy and charecter to leave the prevailing and stable version until this is resolved. Is your next move to go through every beer article to add "processed" beer to every non real ale? As for you Kraft example - it is recognised that consumers will understand the difference between this and "real" cheese. There is no evidnce that most drinkers would have any idea what "processed" cider means. I therefore come back to my point that you are seeking, for whatever reason, to portray Strongbow as sub standard vs other drinks. This is not the job of an Encyclopaedia.

Show me where Wiki policy states breaking 3RR "will" result in a block. It almost certainly "may" - but not without due process. You are seeking to subvert through selective and sloppy citation. Go and read the section on 3RR if you are still unsure on this.

As for communication, I made it clear as part of my edit summary, why I was reverting your contribution. Similarly, you offered no more support for your case, initally, on my talk page than you had included in your edit summary. Once posted on my talk page - it was replied to immediately and in full. I have suffered your condecending tone and stated clearly why I disgree with you contributionm in te context of this article. I do not disagree with your comments on cider making - I do not beleive they are pertinent to a mainstream article on a cider brand that has no pretentions to be anything other than mass market.

"Mass produced beer would not be considered processed because it is produced in much the same way as real ale and the difference is that it is then pasteurised." Ha - this is a classic - So, in the case of "kegged" beer, the use of caramel additives, sulphates, other antioxidants,dred hop pellets, chemical fining, freeze filtration, nitrogenation......etc etc does not constitute processing over and above traditional cask ale brewing. Heaven help us !

Strongbow Cider
"Out of the eater came forth meat, and out of the strong came forth sweetness." It often happens that a dispute in an article will focus attention, and the article thus becomes stronger. SilkTork 20:14, 11 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Judging from the looks of it, I don't feel comfortable unprotecting the page now. Please discuss on the article's talk page. Thanks.  Nish kid 64  00:46, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Discuss what exactly? You have protected a page hours after the last edit for no particular reason, then deleted my request to unprotect for some reason forcing me to post it again, and now you say that there has to be some discussion on the articles talk page? What about? There is no edit war and everyone seems happy so what's the point in this wikibureaucracy? - Feebtlas 00:50, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * That revert was accidental. I was reverting the cloak request section. I didn't know I also reverted yours. Sorry about that. From your talk page, I see a lot of activity going on regarding the page. A bunch of comments here and there about the article, 3RR, reverting, etc. How am I supposed to look at this and not think it's an edit war? I mean, if this was a few days ago, and I saw things had calmed down, then I wouldn't have protected. However, most of the conversation is in the last two days, which suggests this dispute has not been resolved. I don't know the logistics of the dispute here, but I wish you guys would use the article talk page to discuss why you were reverting each other, and try to achieve consensus on what the article should contain.  Nish kid 64  01:03, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Ok, I understand why you reverted my first message now. All of the edits on the page took place earlier this afternoon, before there was any real discussion because the other user did not respond to my messages for some time. Since then a third user (SilkTork) has come in and tidied the article up keeping the majority of the information I added and while still keeping User:Warburton62 happy as that user has since edited the article and not removed the information again. Had he wanted to revert the article removing this information he would have done so already, as he has already violated the 3RR anyway and would have nothing to lose, and I have no reason to now edit the page because the majority of what I was trying to add is now in this compromise version. So there is no ongoing edit war, I would say that there was never really an edit war in the first place. Feebtlas 01:51, 12 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, just to let you know, the page protection was requested at WP:RFPP (if you hadn't already known).  Nish kid 64  01:53, 12 January 2007 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Feebtlas


text:
When Saturday Comes (film)

When Saturday Comes is a 1996 British film directed by Maria Giese and starring Sean Bean and Emily Lloyd. The film was released in March 1996, and was distributed by Guild Film Distribution. The soundtrack includes a variety of classic music tracks as well as newly commissioned songs. The score was composed by Anne Dudley and the soundtrack includes contributions from Tony Hadley of Spandau Ballet and Sheffield artists including Def Leppard's Joe Elliott who performs on two new tracks: "When Saturday Comes" and the instrumental "Jimmy's Theme". Both were performed with bandmates Rick Savage and Phil Collen. According to Elliott, he had a part in the film as the brother of Sean Bean's character, but the part was cut from the final film.

Plot
Jimmy Muir, a worker at the Stones Brewery gets scouted, firstly by the well-known non-league side Hallam F.C. and then later by Sheffield United Football Club. It was filmed at various locations around South Yorkshire including Rotherham, Sandygate Road and Bramall Lane. Def Leppard lead singer Joe Elliott made his acting debut in a scene as Jimmy's brother, but the scene was cut from the final production.

Cast

 * Sean Bean – Jimmy Muir
 * Emily Lloyd – Annie Doherty
 * Craig Kelly – Russel Muir
 * Melanie Hill – Mary Muir
 * John McEnery – Joe Muir
 * Ann Bell – Sarah Muir
 * Ian Taylor – Jimmy Muir as kid
 * Tony Currie – Tony Currie
 * Mel Sterland – Captain Sheffield United
 * Pete Postlethwaite – Ken Jackson
 * Rebecca Nichols – Stripper
 * Chris Walker – Mac
 * John Higgins – Rob
 * Tim Gallagher – Steve
 * Peter Gunn – Tommy
 * Nick Waring – Gerry
 * James McKenna – George McCabe
 * Daniel Oldham – Street Footballing Kid
 * David Gibbons – Boy on bus
 * Lucy Rodgers – Debbie
 * Tracy Shaw – Tina
 * Martin Tyler - Commentator

Reception
When Saturday Comes opened on 1 March 1996 in the UK on 174 screens and grossed £245,936 in its opening weekend, placing at sixth at the UK box office. It went on to gross £722,934 in the UK.

title: When Saturday Comes (film)


text:
Aural Sculpture

Aural Sculpture is the eighth studio album by the Stranglers, released in November 1984 by Epic Records. It was also the name given to a one-sided 7-inch single given free with a limited number of copies of their Feline album in 1983. The "Aural Sculpture Manifesto" on the 7" single was played before the Stranglers appeared on stage during concerts during both the 1983 "Feline" tour and the 1985 "Aural Sculpture" tour.

The album featured acoustic guitar as well as a three-piece horn section (trumpet, trombone and saxophone). The horns were the suggestion of producer Laurie Latham, who was brought in after Epic Records rejected the initial demos of the album tracks.

Aural Sculpture reached number 14 in the UK Albums Chart in November 1984. There were three singles released from the album: "Skin Deep" (No. 15 in the UK Singles Chart), "No Mercy" (No. 37 in the UK Singles Chart) and "Let Me Down Easy" (No. 48 in the UK Chart). All were accompanied by 12" single versions, while "No Mercy" had a further two format releases in picture disc and EP.

Recording sessions
In mid-October 1983 the band returned to the UK from their European tour and began preparing their next album. In addition, on 11 November, Jean-Jacques Burnel and Dave Greenfield released their solo album Fire & Water (Ecoutez Vos Murs) which had been recorded during July and August at Spaceward Studios in Stretham and was a soundtrack to the movie Ecoutez vos murs by Vincent Coudanne; in December, Burnel and Greenfield together with Coudanne returned to the studio to mix the recordings for the film score. Burnel also collaborated with Norwegian artist Beranek in winter 1983/84. In February 1984, the band staged an event at Trafalgar Square, where they undertook a six-hour photo session with a 13 foot high ear sculpture manufactured by artist John King; shots from this event by American photographer, John Kisch, were used for the artwork of the album cover.

The band chose ICP Studios in Brussels, a studio Burnel had used before with Belgian band Polyphonic Size; they spend three weeks in February and March 1984 to record the album; on the tenth day of recording, eight songs had been finished and the band were working on the track "Punch and Judy". Originally, an album release date around May 1984 had been planned, but as the band continued to write more songs, a second recording session at ICP Studios was booked for June/July. Moreover, the record company criticized the production of the tapes, to which Hugh Cornwell agreed: "I hadn't been happy with how the guitars were sounding, and the vocals didn't sound right, either." The record company insisted on the use of a producer to finish the album; after considering Marvin Gaye (who then was killed on 1 April) and Eddie Grant, the band followed the record company's suggestion to hire the producer Laurie Latham.

During the break between recording sessions, in mid-March 1984 Jean-Jacques Burnel took up the offer to join Japanese band A.R.B. and recorded and toured with them in Japan for five weeks. Drummer Jet Black spend the bank holiday weekend of 27/28 May at Right Track Studios in Bristol, producing and playing on the single My Young Dreams by A Marriage of Convenience. Meanwhile, Dave Greenfield went to Brussels with Laurie Latham for a tentative session; Cornwell: "At our first meeting with Laurie, he listened to what we'd done and said, 'I can do something with Skin Deep. Let me try that first, and if you're happy with how it sounds then we'll do the album.' He took Dave to Brussels to work on Skin Deep because he had a few ideas for the keyboards, and what they put together sounded brilliant."

The band then finished the album in June and July 1984 during the second recording session at ICP Studios in Brussels with producer Laurie Latham. Songs from the first session were remixed and partially re-recorded, of which only a four were chosen for the final album (Skin Deep, North Winds, Punch and Judy, and Souls); the bulk of the album tracks were newly written songs recorded during this second session. Burnel: "Aural Sculpture was a labour of love between Laurie and Hugh to be honest. Dave and I were almost secondary and we weren't seeing so much of the others, apart from crossing paths in the studio." On three songs (Ice Queen, Punch and Judy, and Mad Hatter), Latham added a brass section who were especially flown in to Brussels and completed their contribution in one long studio session from 11 p.m. to 5 p.m. the following morning. Backing vocalists were also used on three songs (Let Me Down Easy, No Mercy, and Mad Hatter), who taped their parts in a long one-day session.

After finishing the album, Burnel spend the whole month of August 1984 at his home in Montauroux caring for his terminally ill father Roger Burnel who finally passed away on 30 August 1984. Cornwell and Burnel had written the song Let Me Down Easy about Burnel's dying father: "It wasn't the best time for me with my Dad's illness. I wasn't too complicit in the recording [of the album] and was a bit detached at the time."

Critical reception
In Classic Rock's "The Stranglers: A Guide to Their Best Albums", Rob Hughes wrote that Aural Sculpture was "a welcoming upgrade from the icy electronic motifs of predecessor Feline, offering instead a warm textural palette of acoustic guitars, ripe harmonies and a three-piece horn section." He added that "die-hard fans may baulk at the lack of aggressive machismo, but there's much to admire in the burnished melodies of "No Mercy", "Souls" and "Spain"." Jack Rabid, writing for AllMusic, welcomed the band's gradual shift from their early albums' "sheer unrepentant, harsh rock" to the "lithe little pop songs" on Aural Sculpture, with Hugh Cornwell "now cooing instead of growling". Rabid wrote, "You just never thought they could transition to this contrasting style so well."

Critic Adrian Denning noted that on Aural Sculpture the Stranglers were "pursuing a continuing path towards sensual, sincere and introspective pop/rock - any trace of their punk era gone altogether." Ira Robbins of Trouser Press felt that the album contains several strong tracks, writing, "Although not fully satisfying, Aural Sculpture has enough quality merchandise to make it a worthwhile purchase."

Releases
The cassette version of the album had a ZX Spectrum computer program called Aural Quest at the end of the tape, which could be loaded using the Spectrum's usual tape loading method. The program was an adventure game written using a framework called The Quill. Preceding the program was a short explanation of the following squeal, which was voiced by keyboardist Dave Greenfield.

The 1999 Japanese CD reissue by Epic included six bonus tracks: "In One Door", "Hot Club", "Achilles Heel", "Place de Victoires", "Vladimir Goes to Havana" and "The Aural Sculpture Manifesto". Epic released a remastered edition in 2001 with eight bonus tracks, some of which featured on the Japanese reissue. In 2011, the Dutch vinyl-only label Music On Vinyl released a remastered two-disc edition with ten bonus tracks. A remastered HDCD limited Collector's Edition was released by Epic in 2014, in a vinyl replica-format with cardboard jacket, paper inner sleeve and a black, groove-texture disc with a replica label. In 2019, the band self-released a 35th anniversary two-disc vinyl edition, individually hand numbered and limited to 1000 copies. The second 14 track bonus album contains B-sides and live recordings.

2001 CD reissue bonus tracks

 * Instrumental version of "Let Me Down Easy".
 * Parts 3 and 4 of the "Vladimir" series. The 5th part, "Viva Vlad!", appears as the B-side of the cover single "All Day and All of the Night".

2011 expanded vinyl edition
The original 11-track album is coupled with a bonus 10-track album, which features B-sides and extended 12" mixes.
 * Side one and two as per original vinyl edition

2019 expanded vinyl edition
The original 11-track album is coupled with a bonus 14-track album, entitled Shrouded in Black, which features B-sides plus 9 live tracks, most of which are previously unreleased.
 * Side one and two as per original vinyl edition
 * Shrouded in Black

Personnel
Credits adapted from the album liner notes, except where noted.
 * The Stranglers
 * Hugh Cornwell – vocals, guitar
 * Jean-Jacques Burnel – bass, vocals (lead vocals on "North Winds")
 * Dave Greenfield – keyboards
 * Jet Black – percussion
 * Additional personnel
 * Tim Whitehead – saxophone on "Ice Queen", "Punch and Judy" and "Mad Hatter"
 * Paul Spong – trumpet on "Ice Queen", "Punch and Judy" and "Mad Hatter"
 * Paul Nieman – trombone on "Ice Queen", "Punch and Judy" and "Mad Hatter"
 * George Chandler – backing vocals on "Let Me Down Easy", "No Mercy" and "Mad Hatter"
 * Jimmy Chambers – backing vocals on "Let Me Down Easy", "No Mercy" and "Mad Hatter"
 * Tony Jackson – backing vocals on "Let Me Down Easy", "No Mercy" and "Mad Hatter"
 * Candide – female voice on "Spain" (taken from a speech by Carmen Franco)
 * Technical
 * Laurie Latham – producer, engineer
 * The Stranglers – co-producer on "Skin Deep", "North Winds", "Punch and Judy" and "Souls"
 * Christian "Djoum" Ramon – additional engineering
 * Erwin Autrique – additional engineering
 * Simon Cantwell – art direction
 * Jean Luke Epstein – design
 * John King – artwork (ear sculpture)
 * John Kisch – front cover photography
 * Brian Griffin – back cover photography
 * Connie Moore – logo illustration
 * Bonus tracks
 * Jean-Jacques Burnel – lead vocals on "Here and There", "Vladimir and the Beast (part 3)" and "Vladimir Goes to Havana"
 * Dagmar Kreuze – backing vocals on "Here and There"
 * Alex Gifford – saxophone, backing vocals on 1985 and 1987 live recordings
 * Chris Lawrence – trombone, backing vocals on 1985 and 1987 live recordings
 * Jason Votier – trumpet, backing vocals on 1985 and 1987 live recordings
 * Neil Sparkes – percussion, backing vocals on 2007 live recording
 * Jim Macaulay – drums on 2019 live recordings
 * Laurie Latham – producer on "Here and There" and "In One Door"
 * The Stranglers – producer on "Here and There", "In One Door", "Vladimir and the Beast (part 3)", "Head on the Line", "Hot Club", "Achilles Heel", "Place de Victoires" and "Spain" (live)
 * Ted Hayton – producer on "Spain" (live)
 * Louie Nicastro – producer on "North Winds" (live)

title: Aural Sculpture


text:
William Aikman

William Aikman may refer to:

 * William Aikman (painter) (1682–1731), Scottish portrait-painter
 * William Aikman (writer) (1824–1909), American writer and pastor

title: William Aikman


text:
Patterson Creek Mountain

Patterson Creek Mountain is a mountain ridge that forms the border between Mineral and Hampshire counties and Grant and Hardy Counties in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle. The mountain's namesake, Patterson Creek, parallels its western flank. The southern end of the Patterson Creek Mountain is near the confluence of Lunice Creek and the South Branch Potomac River and its northern end is located southwest of Springfield. The mountain reaches its highest elevation at Charles Knob.

Summits and Knobs
Patterson Creek Mountain is a mountain ridge made up of multiple peaks. The following are listed from the mountain's southern end to its northern end.

 * Charles Knob, 2723 ft
 * Round Knob, 2308 ft
 * Turkey Mountain, 2172 ft
 * Huckleberry Ridge, 2539 ft
 * Slate Lick Knob, 1713 ft
 * Middle Ridge, 1575 ft
 * Buck Ridge, 1200 ft

title: Patterson Creek Mountain


text:
Pedro of Brazil

Pedro of Brazil may refer to:

 * Pedro I of Brazil (1798–1834), founder and first ruler of the Empire of Brazil
 * Pedro II of Brazil (1825–1891), second and last ruler of the Empire of Brazil
 * Pedro, Prince Imperial of Brazil (1848–1850), fourth and last child of the Emperor Pedro II of Brazil and Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies

title: Pedro of Brazil


text:
Talk:Rugby league in Kenya

\

Great work Grinner
Seriously dude, do you follow my IP packets? Ok ok... not so seriously! I was talking about this in a forum recently. I met someone who was and probably is an expert at international rugby league. He offered me the contact of the kenya's website or the person who infact set it up. I know that the person you talk about in the article, was infact hired by the Kenya rugby union, as they where either impressed by his plans for rugby league, or they didn't want him to start it. Anyway, hope on over to thekangarooarmy.com and find a guy by the alias copa. Dont worry, its not hard, he's on just about every bloody thread there. He also gave me the fantatsic SA reference i added to the article yesterday. POds 15:18, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Commonwealth games...
Kenya was just at the 2006 commonwealth games for rugby, so how is there no evidence that the game is not still being played?

 * Thats Rugby Union. This game is in reference to Rugby League. Note: There are Two forms of rugby league. You'd probably know this if you had followed the wikilinks in the article. POds 08:42, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rugby league in Kenya


text:
Talk:Leslie Geary

Untitled
This seems to be a copyvio from this page. I am going to try to communicate with teh uplaoder about "permission". DES (talk) 15:19, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm pretty sure that these blatant copyvios can now be speedily deleted. --Merovingian (t) (c) 15:20, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Leslie Geary


text:
Stranglers in the Night

Stranglers in the Night is the eleventh studio album by the Stranglers and the first release on the band's own record label, Psycho, in 1992.

It opened the recording career of the Stranglers MK II, with Paul Roberts on vocals and John Ellis on guitar. The band returned to a purer, less "produced" sound; the horns have departed and the songs have a less-constrained, harder edge. Styles vary from ballads such as "Southern Mountains" and "Grand Canyon" to the fast-paced "Sugar Bullets" and "Brainbox". The album marks the second Stranglers album to be produced by Mike Kemp, the first being 1986's Dreamtime.

The North American version of this album (with a white, rather than dark grey, cover) contained three extra tracks ("Coffee Shop", "Vicious Circles" and "So Uncool"), which were originally B-sides in the UK. The album peaked at No. 33 in the UK Albums Chart in September 1992. The single "Heaven or Hell" was released from the album, and peaked at No. 46 in the UK Singles Chart in August 1992. The follow-up single, "Sugar Bullets", failed to chart.

Personnel

 * The Stranglers

 * Paul Roberts – vocals
 * Jean-Jacques Burnel – bass, vocals
 * John Ellis – guitar, vocals
 * Dave Greenfield – keyboards, vocals
 * Jet Black – drums, percussion

 * Additional musicians
 * Simon Morton – additional percussion

 * Technical
 * Mike Kemp – production
 * The Stranglers – production on "Coffee Shop" and "Vicious Circles"
 * Richard Norris – engineering
 * Jill Furmanovsky – photography
 * Cactus – sleeve design
 * Simon J. Webb – Psycho Records logo design

title: Stranglers in the Night


text:
Jerry White

Jerry White may refer to:

 * Jerry White (activist) (born 1963), co-founder of the Landmine Survivors Network
 * Jerry White (criminal) (1948–1995), criminal executed in Florida
 * Jerry White (baseball) (born 1952), player and coach in Major League Baseball
 * Jerry White (Navigators) (born 1937), President Emeritus and Chairman of the U.S. Board of Directors of The Navigators
 * Jerry White (socialist) (born 1959), presidential candidate for the Socialist Equality Party and reporter for the World Socialist Web Site
 * Jerry White (historian), British historian specialising in the history of London
 * Son of Perry White, in the fictional Superman universe

title: Jerry White


text:
User talk:Rgjohnson

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! We welcome and appreciate your contributions, such as Geary, Leslie Edward "Ted" (1885-1960), but we regretfully cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from either web sites or printed material. For more information about Wikipedia's policies and guidelines, take a look at our Five Pillars. Happy editing! FreplySpang (talk) 23:18, August 10, 2005 (UTC)

Leslie Geary
On the Leslie Geary article it states that the text is "Printed here with permission. Copyright 2005 Historylink. All rights reserved." The text actually seems to be a direct copy from this page. Wikipedia in geenral cannot accept text with "allrights reserved, nor text that is simply "copied with permission". We would require that the text be releaserd under the GFDL. See copyright and our copyright problems page for more on our policies. Note that a GFDL relase means that anyone, not just wikipedia, would have the right to copy the text, and anyone would have the right to change the text, provided that proper credit is given, and that all copies, original or altered, are also released under the GFDL. If thae source will actuially relase this content under the GFDL, please let me know, or place a notice on Talk:Leslie Geary. Be prepared to get an email or a written letter from the source to the Wikimedia Foundation's permission's department

What would probably be much easier and better would be to rewrite the articel in your own words, using the facts from Historylink and citing historylink as a source. Facts are not copyrighted ever, only specific writing is copyrighted.

If I don't hear from your shortly, I will formally list this as a copyright violation, as per the procedures on WP:CP. Usually I would do this automatically, but you did say you had soem sort ofd permission for puttign thsi on wikipedia.

Please understand, i am not trying to be hostile about this, merely to uphold wikipedia's general policy of free, unrestricted content. There are very good reasons why we must insit on proper releases for all content. Feel free to drop me a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. DES (talk) 15:33, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rgjohnson