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Adye Douglas

Sir Adye Douglas (31 May 1815 – 10 April 1906) was an Australian lawyer and politician, and first class cricket player, who played one match for Tasmania. He was Premier of Tasmania from 15 August 1884 to 8 March 1886.

Early life
The son of Captain Henry Osborne Douglas, and his wife Eleanor, Douglas was born in Thorpe, Norfolk, England of Scottish descent. His father was an army officer, but his grandfather, Billy Douglas was an admiral and five uncles were post-captains. Douglas was educated in Hampshire and Caen, France, before doing his articles with a Southampton law firm. He migrated to Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) aboard the Louisa Campbell in 1839.

Early career
Douglas was admitted to the Supreme Court of Tasmania, but went to Victoria where he ran a sheep farm near Kilmore with his brother. He tired of farming, and in 1842 he returned to Launceston, where he established his own law firm, which still operates today.

Douglas was very interested in the development and welfare of the colony, and was a supporter of both the establishment of local responsible government and the name change from Van Diemens Land to Tasmania. He was also a strong advocate of the Anti-Transportation League.

Cricket
Douglas is known to have played cricket in Launceston between the 1849–50 and 1851–52 seasons. He played his only first class cricket match at South Yarra Ground, Melbourne, on 29 and 30 March 1852 for Tasmania against Victoria. He scored a duck in the first innings, and 6 in the second and did not take a wicket in his two overs in Victoria's second innings.

Later career
Douglas was elected as an alderman of Launceston in 1853, and served until 1884, including two terms as mayor from 1865 to 1866, and 1880–1882.

In 1856 Douglas was one of the first representatives elected to Tasmania's new House of Assembly, but was soon frustrated by lack of support. He resigned in 1857 to travel in North America, France, and England, before soon returning to Tasmania.

Whilst abroad, Douglas had been impressed by the development of railways in those places, and felt strongly that Tasmania needed to develop its own railways. He failed to gain support for the development of a Hobart to Launceston railway, but did push through a Launceston to Deloraine railway, the Launceston and Western Railway.

He was a major shareholder in the Ilfacombe Iron Company, a venture to smelt iron ore in Northern Tasmania in 1873, and after its failure was the buyer of its assets. He was also one of the buyers of the assets and iron ore mining leases of the Tamar Hematite Iron Company, in 1877, part of a highly unethical, though technically legal, ploy to obtain cheaply a pre-emptive right to a valuable gold mining lease. Despite its dubious origins, the lease—adjacent to the bountiful Tasmania Mine—was lucrative for its new owners. The whole scheme had depended upon the operation of a piece of new legislation (Mineral Lands Act of 1877) that had just been voted upon in the Tasmanian Parliament, by four of the five new owners—like Douglas, wealthy Tasmanian politicians. It can now be seen as an early instance of a conflict of interest, amounting to political corruption.

Douglas was a member of the Tasmanian House of Assembly from 1862 until 1884, when he became a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council instead. He served as Premier of Tasmania from 1884 until 1886.

Douglas represented Tasmania at the Federal Council of Australasia,and was elected as one of the ten Tasmanian delegates to the Federal Convention of Australasia. There he epitomised conservative opinion within the convention. More than any other delegate, Douglas voted against what Alfred Deakin voted for; in fact, no other pair of delegates differed more in their votes than these two. For all his evident conservatism, Douglas recommended a Yes vote in the Federation referendums, and favoured the establishment of an Australian Republic.

Douglas resigned as Premier in 1886 to take up a post as Tasmanian Agent-General in London, but was soon recalled due to problems with his railway associations in Tasmania. He returned to the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 1890 to 1904, and was made a knight bachelor on 14 August 1902, being described as "The first amongst the Tasmanians", by then Governor of Tasmania, Captain Sir Arthur Havelock.

Personal life
In 1836 Douglas married Eliza Clarke and she died in 1839. In 1858 Douglas married Martha Matilda Collins (née Rolls) and she died in 1872 in Launceston, Tasmania. In 1873, he married Charlotte Richards, and they had a daughter Eleanor (1873–1936), and Charlotte died in 1876. In 1877, he married Charlotte's sister, Ida, in Adelaide, and they had four sons, and four daughters.. His son by his third marriage, Osbourne Douglas played first-class cricket for Tasmania between 1898–99 and 1904–05 and was killed on active service in France in 1918 during World War I. A step-son, William Collins, also played for the Tasmanian side in 1873, and his nephew, William Douglas was born in Tasmania and played one first-class cricket match for Otago in New Zealand in the 1870s. A great-nephew Alfred Douglas played three matches for Tasmania during the 1890s.

Sir Adye Douglas died on 10 April 1906 at Hobart, aged 90 years and 314 days.

title: Adye Douglas


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Paul McGuigan (director)

Paul McGuigan (born 19 September 1963) is a Scottish film and television director, best known for directing films such as Lucky Number Slevin, Gangster No. 1 and Push. He has also directed episodes of Sherlock, Scandal, Monroe and Smash. He was born in Bellshill Maternity Hospital, Scotland.

Film

 * The Acid House (1998)
 * Gangster No. 1 (2000)
 * The Reckoning (2004)
 * Wicker Park (2004)
 * Lucky Number Slevin (2006)
 * Push (2009)
 * Victor Frankenstein (2015)
 * Film Stars Don't Die in Liverpool (2017)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Paul McGuigan (director)


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Wikipedia:Requests for mediation/Jnc and Barberio

User:Jnc in dispute with User:Barberio
At Essjay's suggestion on my talk page:

 * Why don't the two of you try mediating your differences? ... -- Essjay · Talk 08:48, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * If you file a request at RfM, they will pair you with a mediator who understands the subject matter sufficiently to be able to coordinate. -- Essjay · Talk 12:31, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

I'm filing this here. See Talk:History of the Internet/archive2 and "Talk:History of the Internet" (later moved to Talk:History of the Internet/Archive 3) (in that order) for the background. Noel (talk) 13:48, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

I agree to this mediation. More background can be found on our user talk pages. --John R. Barberio talk, contribs 17:25, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Quick note. I have previously listed this dispute for a Third Opinion, RfC and Poll. I would like Noel to detail the exact objections he has with the rewrite however. (Or at least a less vauge complaint that it is 'unacceptable' or 'Original Research POV') --John R. Barberio talk, contribs 17:54, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I think Asbestos would work for this case. R  e  dwolf24  (talk) 19:33, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Preferably the person, not the thing. R  e  dwolf24  (talk) 19:35, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't know, it might dampen the flames somewhat. --John R. Barberio talk, contribs 19:46, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Can the mediator please contact me on my talk: page, or via email? I may not be monitoring this page, or the article's talk page; I have many other things I am working on (e.g. maintaining RfD). Noel (talk) 15:39, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

I'm happy to take this. Please give me a day or so to catch up. — Asbestos | Talk   (RFC)  22:10, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Mediation is taking place on the Talk page. — Asbestos | Talk   (RFC)  19:51, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

I am concerned that the mediation process appears to have stalled, and that Asbestos has not responded to comments left on his talk page. --John R. Barberio talk, contribs 17:48, 21 October 2005 (UTC)


text:
AdS black hole

In theoretical physics, an anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole is a black hole solution of general relativity or its extensions which represents an isolated massive object, but with a negative cosmological constant. Such a solution asymptotically approaches anti-de Sitter space at spatial infinity, and is a generalization of the Kerr vacuum solution, which asymptotically approaches Minkowski spacetime at spatial infinity.

In 3+1 dimensions, the metric is given by
 * $$ds^2 = - \left( k^2r^2 + 1 - \frac{C}{r} \right)dt^2 + \frac{1}{k^2r^2 + 1 - \frac{C}{r}}dr^2 + r^2 d\Omega^2$$

where t is the time coordinate, r is the radial coordinate, Ω are the polar coordinates, C is a constant and k is the AdS curvature.

In general, in d+1 dimensions, the metric is given by
 * $$ds^2 = - \left( k^2r^2 + 1 - \frac{C}{r^{d-2}} \right)dt^2 + \frac{1}{k^2r^2 + 1 - \frac{C}{r^{d-2}}}dr^2 + r^2 d\Omega^2$$

According to the AdS/CFT correspondence, if gravity were quantized, an AdS black hole would be dual to a thermal state on the conformal boundary. In the context of say, AdS/QCD, this would correspond to the deconfinement phase of the quark–gluon plasma.

title: AdS black hole


text:
Talk:Clintonite

The following is an outdated discription from 1911, preserved here for future reference - rewrite in progress.

 * The following species are distinguished: Margarite is a basic calcium aluminium silicate, H2CaAl4SiIO11, and is classed by some authors as a lime-mica. It forms white pearly scales, and was at first known as pearl-mica and afterwards as margarite, from uap/aptrfll, a pearl. It is a characteristic associate of corundum, of which it is frequently an alteration product (facts which suggested the synonymous names corundellite and emerylite), and is found in the emery deposits of Asia Minor and the Greek Archipelago, and with corundum at several localities in the United States.

 * Seybertite, Brandisite and Xanthophyllite are closely allied species consisting of basic magnesium, calcium and aluminium silicate, and have been regarded as isomorphous mixtures of a silicate (H2CaMg4SiaO11) and an aluminate (HICaMgAl1O11). Seybertite (the original clintonite) occurs as reddish-brown to copper-red, brittle, foliated masses in metamorphic limestone at Amity, New York; brandisite as yellowish-green hexagonal prisms in metamorphic limestone in the Fassathal, Tirol; xanthophyllite as yellow folia and as distinct crystals (waluewite) in chloritic schists in the Urals.

 * Chioritoid has the formula H2(Fe,Mg)Al1SiO7. It forms tabular crystals and scales, with indistinct hexagonal outlines, which are often curved or bent and aggregated in rosettes. The color is dark grey or green; a characteristic feature is the pleochroism, the pleochroic colors varying from yellowish-green to indigo-blue. Hardness is 6.5, and specific gravity is 3.4 - 3.6. It occurs as isolated scales scattered through schistose rocks and phyllites of dynamo-metamorphic origin. The ottrelites of the phyllites and ottrelite-schists of Ottrez and other localities in the Belgian Ardennes is a manganiferous variety of chloritoid, but owing to enclosed impurities the analyses differ widely from those of typical chioritoid.

Vsmith 13:52, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Clintonite


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User:EvHart

Hello !

This is my english user page, For more and updated information, please, visit my french user page...

Who am I ?
My name is Grégoire Burel (aka EvHart), student at Paris V University in year 3 of "licence d'informatique" If you want, you can visit My personal homepage.

What I am doing on Wikipédia ?
I am not an expert in a particular domain, so, I am working on english to french translation, even if I am not so good in english.

Work in progress

 * Translation of en:Japanese architecture to fr:Architecture japonaise.
 * Working on the French Translation Project[[Image:ISO 639 Icon fr.svg|30px]].

Links

 * http://evhart.online.fr : My personnal website [[Image:ISO 639 Icon fr.svg|30px]].
 * My user page on the french Wikipédia[[Image:ISO 639 Icon fr.svg|30px]].

fr:Utilisateur:EvHart

title: User:EvHart


text:
Cornelius Holland (regicide)

Cornelius Holland (1599 – c. 1671 )

Born London, England; died possibly at Lausanne, Switzerland about 1671, after he was wanted for his part in the regicide of Charles I of England.

Holland is alleged to have been the chief hand in drawing up the charges against King Charles I, although he was not present when the sentence of death was pronounced, nor does his name appear on the warrant of execution. In February 1649, he was appointed to Council of State and was reappointed the next years.

Holland lived for a time at Creslow Manor House which he remodelled ca. 1646. This manor house is mentioned in Chambers Book of Days under June 23: While Creslow pastures continued in possession of the Crown, they were committed to the custody of a keeper. In 1596, James Quarles, Esq. Chief Clerk of the Royal Kitchen, was keeper of Creslow pastures. He was succeeded by Benett Mayne, a relative of the regicide, who was succeeded in 1634 by the regicide Cornelius Holland. This Cornelius Holland, whose father died insolvent in the Fleet, was 'a Poore boy in court waiting on Sir Henry Vane,' by whose interest he was appointed by Charles I keeper of Creslow pastures. He subsequently deserted the cause of his royal patron, and was rewarded by the Parliament with many lucrative posts. He entered the House of Commons in 1642, and after taking a very prominent part against the king, signed his death-warrant. He became so wealthy that, though he had ten children, he gave a daughter on her marriage £5,000, equal to ten times that sum at the present day. He is traditionally accused of having destroyed or dismantled many of the churches in the neighbourhood of Creslow, [including the churches of Creslow, Granborough and East Claydon ]. At the Restoration, being absolutely excepted from the royal amnesty [(the Indemnity and Oblivion Act)], he escaped execution only by fleeing to Lausanne, where, says Noble, 'he ended his days in universal contempt.'

title: Cornelius Holland (regicide)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Batman Vs. Dracula

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was that nobody seems to want the article to be deleted in the first place. The nominator abstained, everyone else who expressed an opinion expressed the opinion that the article should be kept, and no-one came forward, after notice was given, wanting the article to be deleted. Uncle G 11:54, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

The Batman Vs. Dracula
Hmm, the article itself is poorly written but I recall there is such a movie made by Andy Warhol. Perhaps a redirect will be appropriate? Abstain for now. 202.156.6.62 13:54, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Hm, someone seems to have blanked the AFD notice on the article itself, so I didn't notice when I cleaned it up. Incidentally, it's available on Amazon. DS 14:59, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 202.156.6.62, please only nominate articles for deletion that you actually want to be deleted by an administrator. Unless an editor who actually wants this article to be deleted comes forward by tomorrow, I shall be closing this discussion as keep. Uncle G 15:01, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep for what it's worth, but cleanup and wikify. 23skidoo 16:08, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * keep and please wikify it of course Yuckfoo 19:23, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Category:Baltimore Canaries players

Players for the Lord Baltimores or Baltimore Canaries during their three seasons in the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players ("National Association" baseball league), 1872 – 1874.

These players are commonly considered "major leaguers" although MLB does not count the NA as a major league.

title: Category:Baltimore Canaries players


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Zeferino dos Prazeres

Zeferino dos Prazeres is a São Toméan politician. He was President of the Regional Government of Príncipe from 12 April 2002 to 20 June 2006. He is a member of the Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé e Príncipe-Democratic Socialist Party and was born in 1960.

title: Zeferino dos Prazeres


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2005 Bali bombings

A series of bombings occurred on 1 October 2005 in Bali, Indonesia. Bombs were detonated at two sites in Jimbaran Beach resort and in Kuta 30 km away, both in south Bali. The attack claimed the lives of 20 people and injured more than 100 others. The attack was known in Indonesia as the second Bali bombing (Indonesian: Bom Bali II) to distinguish it from the 2002 attacks.

Explosions
The Indonesian national news agency, ANTARA, reported that the first two explosions occurred at 6:50 p.m. local time, near a Jimbaran food court and the third at 7:00 pm. in Kuta Town Square. Other reports claim that the blasts occurred at around 7:15 p.m. At least 3 blasts were reported.

One of the blasts struck Raja's Restaurant at the Kuta Square shopping mall in central Kuta. Another two bombs exploded at warungs along the Jimbaran beach, one of which was near the Four Seasons Hotel. These areas are generally popular with Western tourists. Police later said they had found three unexploded bombs in Jimbaran. They had apparently failed to go off after the security forces hastily shut down the island's mobile telephone network following the first blasts.

According to Indonesia's head of counter-terrorism, Major General Ansyaad Mbai, early evidence indicates that the attacks were carried out by at least three suicide bombers in a similar fashion to the 2002 bombings. The remnants of backpacks and excessively mutilated bodies are believed to be evidence of suicide bombings. There remains also a possibility that backpacks were hidden inside the target restaurants before detonation. Australian Federal Police Commissioner Mick Keelty said that the bombs used appear to have differed from previous blasts in that most deaths and injuries had been inflicted by shrapnel, rather than chemical explosion. A medical officer's x-rays showed foreign objects described as "pellets" in many victims' bodies and a victim reported ball bearings lodged in her back.

The bombings occurred the same day that Indonesia cut its fuel subsidies resulting in gas prices rising by 675% and just two days before the start of the Muslim holy month of Ramadan and 11 days before the third anniversary of the 2002 Bali bombing. The attack came during the school holiday period in some states of Australia, when an estimated 7,500 Australians are believed to have been visiting Bali.

Casualties
The latest report cites 20 dead and between 101 and 129 injured. Some earlier reports put the number of fatalities at between 26 and 36 people, but those figures have since been lowered. Among those killed were 15 Indonesians, 4 Australians, and a Japanese national, not counting the 3 assassins. The wounded included many Indonesians, mostly Hindus while the rest were 19 Australians, 8 South Koreans, 6 Americans, 4 Japanese, 3 Canadians and 1 Briton. As there were no records at the hospitals or morgues on the locations from where the victims arrived, it is not possible to determine the casualty figures at each blast location separately.

Most of the casualties were sent to Bali's Sanglah General Hospital, and mostly treated for injuries caused by broken glass. Others were sent to Griya Asih [sic] Hospital. As in the 2002 bombings, some of the injured, primarily foreign nationals, were evacuated to medical facilities in Australia and Singapore. The less seriously injured were evacuated to Singapore, while other casualties, among them Australians, Japanese and an Indonesian, were evacuated to treatment in Darwin, Australia aboard a Royal Australian Air Force C-130 Hercules.

Following the 2002 Bali bombings, in which more Australians than any other nationals were killed and injured, and the 2004 bombing of Australia's Embassy in Jakarta, the latest attacks received extensive coverage in Australia and were denounced by some officials, such as Federal Opposition Leader Kim Beazley, as an attack on Australians.

Prior warnings
Indonesian authorities were expecting such an event, after the Indonesian president warned of more bombings within the country, and the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs (DFAT) had issued warnings two days before the event. However, the Australian government claimed that it received no specific prior warning of a terrorist attack being imminent in Bali. Minister Downer also played down any knowledge of specific signs of the potential event, despite the DFAT warning on the last day of September. DFAT warned Australians against non-essential travel to Indonesia since before the 2002 attacks – a warning still in effect. The department advises travellers against congregating in areas popular with Western tourists.

In May 2005, the US State Department issued a travel warning against non-essential trips to Indonesia. The travel warning was last updated 9 January 2007.

A Philippine security official said that for months intelligence officials in Southeast Asia had received information that Jemaah Islamiyah was orchestrating a major strike, possibly in the Philippines or Indonesia, but were unable to uncover the plot's details in time to prevent it.

Suspects
The attacks bear the hallmarks of the active terrorist network Jemaah Islamiah (JI), which is believed to be responsible for several bombings in Indonesia, including the Philippine consulate bombing in Jakarta, the Jakarta Stock Exchange bombing, the Christmas Eve 2000 Indonesia bombings, the 2002 Bali nightclub bombing, the 2002 Makassar bombing, the 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing, the 2004 Australian Embassy bombing, the 2005 Palu market bombing and the 2009 Jakarta bombings. Rohan Gunaratna, head of terrorism research at Singapore's Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies, told Agence France-Presse that "The only group that has the intention and capability to mount a coordinated and simultaneous attack against a western target in Indonesia is Jemaah Islamiyah."

Although a link to JI has not been confirmed, the bombings were quickly condemned as terrorist attacks by the authorities. Police Major General Ansyaad Mbai, a top Indonesian anti-terrorism official, told the Associated Press that the bombings "were clearly the work of terrorists". Major General Mbai identified Malaysian men, already wanted in connection to previous bombings in Indonesia, as the suspected masterminds of the attacks. The chief suspect was Azahari Husin, a member of JI who was an engineering expert and former academic with a doctorate from University of Reading (late 1980s). Husin was nicknamed the "Demolition Man" and was thought to have collaborated with the second suspect: Noordin Mohammed Top, a bomb maker whose wife was sentenced to three years in prison for harbouring him. Azahari was killed in a police raid on 9 November 2005 at Batu, East Java, while Noordin "has been killed after a lengthy and violent siege, Indonesia's police chief said" by "heavily armed counter-terrorism police" on 17 September 2009 at Surakarta, Central Java.

Motivations for the bombings remain unclear. Some, such as the Australian Prime Minister, have suggested the attacks were intended to undermine Indonesia's moderate democratic government. Moreover, media organisations have suggested that the attack was planned to correspond with massive fuel price increases in Indonesia, so as to maximise economic and political damage. On the contrary, Sidney Jones, of the International Crisis Group, believes that it was not an attempt to undermine democracy "per se", but rather an example of jihadist extremism: "I think they very much see the world in a black and white way, us against them, Muslims against infidels... [They see] that the infidels led by the United States as part of a Christian-Zionist conspiracy are out to persecute and attack and eliminate Muslims around the world, and therefore, [they] have to run away." However, in common with the Prime Minister, Jones believes the attack was indiscriminate and not an attack on Australians "per se". She suggested Bali was selected as the site of the attacks because there was less chance of Indonesian gangsters being killed, and there was "a chance of getting a few foreigners".

Following the attacks Abu Bakar Bashir, who is alleged to be JI's spiritual leader, released a statement from his prison cell, condemning the attack. But he added that the bombings were a sign of God's displeasure with the Indonesian government. He said: "I suggest the government bring themselves closer to God by implementing his rules and laws because these happenings are warnings from God for all of us." In an interview with Scott Atran from his cell in Cipinang Prison, Jakarta, Bashir said: "I call those who carried out these actions all mujahid. They all had a good intention, that is, Jihad in Allah’s way, the aim of the jihad is to look for blessing from Allah. They are right that America is the proper target because America fights Islam. So in terms of their objectives, they are right, and the target of their attacks was right also."

Investigation
Indonesian police believed that three suicide bombers carried out the bombings. A presidential spokesman Dino Djalal said that the police found a total of "six legs and three heads but no middle bodies, and that's the strong sign of suicide bombers." Photos of the three heads were published in The Jakarta Post on Monday, 3 October 2005. Initially, there were conflicting reports on the number of bombs; but later, the police confirmed only three bombs.

An amateur video capturing the scene at the restaurant in Kuta showed one bomber with a backpack walking inside just seconds before a huge explosion.

On the following Monday, on 3 October 2005, the police issued an appeal to the public for help identifying the suspected suicide bombers whose dismembered remains were found at the scene. Photos of the dead suspects were later distributed widely and a hotline was set up to receive tips.

According to Banten Police Chief Senior Commissioner Badrodin Haiti, the Indonesian police are seeking five members of a ring led by Imam Samudra, who has been sentenced to death for his role in the 2002 Bali bombings. Three of the five men had already served jail sentences for holding explosives belonging to Samudra. They were under police surveillance but had disappeared from their homes.

On 9 October 2005, police in Bali arrested a man, identified by the initials HS, who was allegedly a former roommate of one of the suicide bombers.

According to Indonesian police, in 2005, a corrupt prison warden at the Kerobokan prison smuggled a laptop inside for Imam Samudra, the leader of the terrorist group involved in the first Bali bombing. He then used the laptop and a wireless connection to chat with other terrorist suspects.

Local

 * President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono condemned the blasts as a "criminal act" and called for an urgent meeting with Indonesian security officials. He visited the island and vowed that those responsible would be caught, saying "We will hunt down the perpetrators and bring them to justice."
 * Coordinating Minister for Political, Legal and Security Affairs Widodo Adi Sutjipto, State Intelligence Agency Head Syamsir Siregar and Police Chief General Sutanto were instructed by the Indonesian President to leave for Bali on the evening of 1 October 2005.
 * Vice-President Jusuf Kalla told the BBC that the government was uncertain of the group responsible for the attacks.

International

 * Former Malaysian Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad said the bombings were not helping what he called the Muslim cause.

title: 2005 Bali bombings


text:
Black brane

In general relativity, a black brane is a solution of the Einstein field equations that generalizes a black hole solution but it is also extended—and translationally symmetric—in p additional spatial dimensions. That type of solution would be called a black p-brane.

In string theory, the term black brane describes a group of D1-branes that are surrounded by a horizon. With the notion of a horizon in mind as well as identifying points as zero-branes, a generalization of a black hole is a black p-brane. However, many physicists tend to define a black brane separate from a black hole, making the distinction that the singularity of a black brane is not a point like a black hole, but instead a higher dimensional object.

A BPS black brane is similar to a BPS black hole. They both have electric charges. Some BPS black branes have magnetic charges.

The metric for a black p-brane in a n-dimensional spacetime is:

{d s}^{2} = \left( \eta_{ab} + \frac{r_s^{n-p-3}}{r^{n-p-3}} u_a u_b \right) d \sigma^a d \sigma^b + \left(1-\frac{r_s^{n-p-3}}{r^{n-p-3}}\right)^{-1} dr^2 + r^2 d \Omega^2_{n-p-2} $$ where:
 * η is the (p + 1)-Minkowski metric with signature (−, +, +, +, ...),
 * σ are the coordinates for the worldsheet of the black p-brane,
 * u is its four-velocity,
 * r is the radial coordinate and,
 * Ω is the metric for a (n − p − 2)-sphere, surrounding the brane.

Curvatures
When $$ds^2=g_{\mu\nu}dx^\mu dx^\nu + d\Omega_{n+1}$$.

The Ricci Tensor becomes $$R_{\mu\nu}=R_{\mu\nu}^{(0)}+\frac{n+1}{r}\Gamma^r_{\mu\nu}$$, $$R_{ij}=\delta_{ij} g_{ii} (\frac{n}{r^2}(1-g^{rr})-\frac{1}{r}(\partial_{\mu}+\Gamma^\nu_{\nu\mu})g^{\mu r})

$$.

The Ricci Scalar becomes $$R=R^{(0)}+\frac{n+1}{r}g^{\mu\nu}\Gamma^r_{\mu\nu}+\frac{n(n+1)}{r^2}(1-g^{rr}) -\frac{n+1}{r}(\partial_\mu g^{\mu r}+\Gamma^\nu_{\nu\mu}g^{\mu r})$$.

Where $$R_{\mu\nu}^{(0)}$$, $$R^{(0)}$$ are the Ricci Tensor and Ricci scalar of the metric $$ds^2=g_{\mu\nu}dx^\mu dx^\nu$$.

Black string
A black string is a higher dimensional (D>4) generalization of a black hole in which the event horizon is topologically equivalent to S2 × S1 and spacetime is asymptotically Md−1 × S1.

Perturbations of black string solutions were found to be unstable for L (the length around S1) greater than some threshold L′. The full non-linear evolution of a black string beyond this threshold might result in a black string breaking up into separate black holes which would coalesce into a single black hole. This scenario seems unlikely because it was realized a black string could not pinch off in finite time, shrinking S2 to a point and then evolving to some Kaluza–Klein black hole. When perturbed, the black string would settle into a stable, static non-uniform black string state.

Kaluza–Klein black hole
A Kaluza–Klein black hole is a black brane (generalisation of a black hole) in asymptotically flat Kaluza–Klein space, i.e. higher-dimensional spacetime with compact dimensions. They may also be called KK black holes.

title: Black brane


text:
Cornelius Holland

Cornelius Holland may refer to:

 * Cornelius Holland (regicide) (1599–c. 1671), regicide of Charles I of England
 * Cornelius Holland (politician) (1783–1870), United States Representative from Maine

title: Cornelius Holland


text:
Talk:Bence Jones protein

Hyphen in Henry Bence Jones
This is making a mountain out of a mole hill, but Henry Bence Jones does not have a hyphen in the name. See also the entry in Whonamedit.com.
 * It would be nice if we had some more information about him here...--Dr.michael.benjamin 06:59, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

MGUS is not myeloma
I had a patient today who looked up Bence-Jones on the internet and came away convinced she had myeloma. There is a difference--in many cases there is just an MGUS that needs to be worked up by a hematologist...it's how we make a living.--Dr.michael.benjamin 06:59, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Essential haematology by A.V Hoffbrand, 5th edition
It says : it becomes increasingly common with age, being present in 1 % of persons older than 50 years and 4 $ of those over 70 years. There are no bone lesions, no Bence-Jones proteinuria, and the normal proportion of plasma cells in the marrow is normal (< 4 %) or only slightly raised. See p. 225 on MGUS.

Indeed, it seemed clear to hematologists I'm working with that absence of Bence-Jones proteinuria is a criteria for MGUS. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Dr. St-Amant (talk • contribs) 00:05, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bence Jones protein


text:
Gola people

The Gola or Gula are a West African ethnic group who share a common cultural heritage, language and history and who live primarily in western/northwestern Liberia and Eastern Sierra Leone. The Gola language is an isolate within the Niger–Congo language family. , it is spoken by about 278,000 people.

The name Gola is a possible source for the name of the Gullah, a people of African origin living on the islands and coastal regions of Georgia and South Carolina, in the southeastern United States.

Demography
The Gola are found in the counties of Lofa, Bomi, Montserrado and Grand Cape Mount.

Gola historical figures

 * Zolu Duma (aka King Peter) ruled the Gola and Vai areas in the early 19th century. He participated in negotiations with American settlers of Liberia in 1821.
 * Charles Taylor, who ruled Liberia between 1997 and 2003, is of mixed Gola and Americo-Liberian ancestry.
 * Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, who was Liberia's president from 2006 to 2018, whose father was Gola, and mother was mixed with Kru and German ancestry.

Sande and Poro

There has always been Sande as long as Gola people have existed. The Sande society came before the Bohn or “Poro”. According to oral history (Kabandé), the Gola tribe used to be a matriarchy. The women used to rule the societies with their Sande and water guardian spirits. The women were the Kings (Kandanya) and had the Mandate of Heaven given to them from DAYA (God).

The Zogbenya (Plural of Zogbe) are a specific type of Jina (Djinn/nature spirit) that are friends with the Gola ancestors. They manifest through the black masks that are danced and used for Sande sessions, dances, and rituals today. The Zogbenya are the trainers for the Gola women. They are the Gola woman's ‘Husband from the other side’. The Zogbenya see all Gola people as their children. Many Zogbe masks are found in mountains, creeks, rivers, and streams and are gifts from the other side. Some of the masks are made and disappear when Sande is not in session. The Mazo is the High Priestess of the Sande Society and of the Gola people. She is known as “the lady in white” as she usually dresses in white cloth. The Zogbenya made a covenant with the Gola ancestors to always train their girls into women.

Unlike the Mende, the Gola, Vai, Dei, and Bassa refer to the Zogbe as he/him. He is a male that trains the women. The Mende see the Zogbe (Sowei) as a woman. The Mende Sowei is not as intimidating and vicious like the Gola, Bassa, Vai, and Dei ones are.

The Zogbenya bring justice and order in Gola society. If a man were to disrespect a woman or abuse a woman in any way, during the Sande session the incident would be reported to the Zogbe. Depending on the severity of the situation the Zogbe could either confront the man or hex him with hernia which was feared. Men are not allowed to seem boastful or too comfortable in front of the Zogbe. When the Zogbe dances he always stares at the men. The men should never stare into the eyes or ever get in the way of the Zogbe. Only the Dazo is allowed to dance or be around the Zogbe in such manners.

The Zogbenya are always wearing men's shoes to show their dominance in society. He always dances with a cane, knife, stick, or spear that have heavy medicines and talismans behind it. If in performance and a man or uninitiate is in the way and ends up getting hit by the Zogbe the person is not felt sorry for. Men and Kpola (Uninitiated peoples) stay away and watch for a distance.

The Zogbenya are masters from the water. Water bring their natural element, they are skilled in any medicine containing water. That's why they are decorated with nets, cowrie shells, water deer horns, and dyed black. They are from the depths of the water and the universe.

When Sande is in session a clan or chiefdom, the Zogbenya go from town to town ‘cleansing’ the land because “men have left the country dirty” from Poro sessions. Sande seasons last 2-3 years before the influence of western school. Sande and Poro sessions are the rites of passage of the Gola people. Ethnic groups adjacent to the Gola adopted Sande as well. Vai Sande women always sing Sande sings in Mende, Gola, or Dei languages. Mende who live in Liberia often send their children to Gola Sande sessions.

According to Gola oral tradition, other ethnic groups later started to make war with the Gola people and the women were not able to fight, they only depended on their water priests (zonya) and shamans. The Gola men then got furious and went into the deep forest where they cast furious forest monster/demon. The spirit was called ‘Dadɛwɛ’ (DAH-deh-weh). Dadewe has a deep voice but has no mask like the Zogbenya (plural for Zogbe). Dadewe also has furious teeth that marks the backs of its initiates. The Dazonya (High Priests) communicated with the spirit that they needed to be properly trained for war. They then brought Dadewe to ‘swallow’ the boys and rebirth them as men. Daya gave the Bohn (Poro) to women but it was too strong for them so it was passed to the men. Once Dadewe trained them they were able to fight back and stay on their land.

Ever since then, the Gola ancestors made a covenant with Dadewe stating that he will train all the Gola boys/descendants and make them men. They also stated that whenever there is war during Sande season it must be paused and the boys must go to the Poro to be trained. They also stated in the covenant that Dadewe will be sent to a near forest when Sande is in session because the women are terrorized by his deep, loud voice. The establishment of the Poro is what made the Gola great again after many years of war and suffering. They made strong kingdoms and became a strong oppressive tribe in Pre and Present Liberia. Now women are rarely allowed to rule over Gola chiefdoms and towns although it happens once in a while.

The Poro became a trans-ethnic institution, spreading to other ethnic groups like the Vai, Mende, Dei, Bassa, Kpelle, Kisi and others. Vai and Dei people credit Gola people as first having the Poro and Sande. Many Vai men and women join Gola Poro and Sande societies. The Dei (Dewoin) and Bassa people MUST always bring a Dazo (High Poro Priest) from Gola sections to “bring the fire” to their Poro sessions to train the boys.

The Poro masks such as Gbetu, Nafai, Yafi, Jobai, Nyaa, and Kɔkpɔ (KOR-kpor) have no spiritual importance like the Zogbenya. They are 'nɛ fɔwɔ' “Play things”. Gola peoples used to have spiritual masks but they had broken a law with Dadɛwɛ and they cannot be used. Now they Poro masks are used for entertainment, meetings, and celebrations. All of the masks are influenced from forest spirits. The Poro spirit Dadewe does not need a mask, for it is heard by all the villagers when it approaches the town.

Gola names
Gola names are very distinctive and similar to the Vai, Mende and Kpelle. Some male Gola names are Siaffa, Seh/Sei, Tarweh, Momolu/Momo, Kayme, Sekou, Ansa, Baimba, Bonokai, Lamie (popular among Vai and Kpelle), Kaijaah, Varney, Varfee, Jallah, Kanneh, Kengbe, Gbessi/Gbessay, Kemokai, Pese, Karmo, Gbotoe, Konowa, Buyamah/Boimah (Popular among the Vai),Kpanna,Lumah (Kpelle and Loma), and Jahn.

Some female names are Fatu (popular among Vai, Mende, and Kpelle), Jebbeh (Vai and Mende), Ciatta/Ciata/Siatta, Miata, Satta, Gbelly, Hawa, Musu, Jandi/Jandae, Jumah, Kemah/Kaymah, Gbessi/Gbessay, Jenneh, Cianna, Maima (Vai and Kpelle), Famatta, Fatumatta (Fula and Malinke), Bendu, Jabateh, Nyanae, Kula, Kumba (Kissi and Loma), Siah, Tenneh (Vai, Mende and Kpelle), Mabasi, Wokie, Weyatta, Yattah, Kpannah, Tatu/Tartu, Somo, Jartu, Fofannah, Zoe, Massa, Yassa, Ciatta, Lorpu, and Somah

Names that Gola and Vai people give their twins are often Konah, Sando, and Zinnah. They are both boy and girl names.

Culture
Most of the Gola people are Muslim. The Gola adopted Islam through the influence of Mandinka merchants from the 16th century onwards.

title: Gola people


text:
Palacio Vasallo

Palacio Vasallo (Spanish, "Vasallo Palace") is the seat of the Legislative Branch of the municipal government of Rosario,. The building, designed by Alejo Infante and completed in 1911, is located near the National Flag Memorial, and has been the site of Rosario's Deliberative Council since May 18, 1951. It was donated to the city by notable surgeon Dr. Bartolomé Vassallo (d. 1945), together with a collection of artistic works kept there.

History
The old Deliberative Council worked in the s. XIX in the Palace of the Lions (Rosario), where the officials were held in a field adjacent to the office of the mayor.

When the "entrerriano" surgeon based in Rosario, Bartolomé Vassallo, in his will he donated to a museum the exquisite palace of Córdoba and May 1, which he had built the engineer Alejo Infante, in 1911. Dr. Vassallo died on 5 February 1943. The headquarters was officially inaugurated in the historic session of May 25, 1952.

title: Palacio Vasallo


text:
Firouz Naderi

Firouz Michael Naderi (: Fīrouz Nāderi; March 25, 1946 – June 9, 2023) was an Iranian American scientist who spent 36 years in various technical and executive positions at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), where he contributed to some of America's robotic space missions.

Naderi retired from NASA in 2016 and most recently was a management consultant, an advisor to early-stage high-tech startups, and a public speaker. He was based in Pacific Palisades neighborhood of Los Angeles, California.

Early life and education
Firouz Michael Naderi was born on March 15, 1946, in Shiraz, but his birth was recorded on March 25, 1946. His elementary education was in Shiraz, Iran. He attended high school in Tehran, Iran at highly valued Andisheh High School and left Iran in 1964 for the United States to pursue his college education. He received his undergraduate degree in electrical engineering at Iowa State University (ISU) in 1969 before moving to California. After working as an engineer in Santa Barbara for two years, he enrolled at University of Southern California (USC) in Los Angeles where he received his M.S. in 1972 and his Ph.D. in 1976 both in electrical engineering.

After completing his education, he went back to Iran for three years, working at the Iranian Remote Sensing Agency but returned to America in July 1979 a few months after Iran's revolution. He has not returned to Iran since. He was fluent in English in addition to his native language Farsi.

Career at NASA
Naderi started at NASA's JPL in September 1979 as a communications system engineer, and in a course of a three-decade career rose through the ranks to senior executive positions. His career at JPL has spanned system engineering, technology development, program and project management for satellite communications systems, Earth remote sensing observatories, astrophysical observatories, and planetary systems.

His early work at JPL was on system design of large satellite-based systems for nationwide cellular phone coverage. He went to NASA Headquarters for two years in the mid-1980s to serve as the program manager for the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS), the frontrunner of today's multi-beam, space-switching commercial satellites. Upon his return to JPL, he became the project manager for the NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT) project aimed at space-based radar measurement of winds over the global oceans with application to weather forecasting. He was awarded NASA's Outstanding Leadership Medal for his management of this project. Following NSCAT, in the mid-1990s he managed the Origins Program, NASA's ambitious, technology-rich plan, to search for Earth-like planets in other planetary systems.

Management of the Mars Program
Naderi was named NASA's Program Manager for Mars exploration in April 2000 after the agency had suffered two consecutive, very public failures in the previous year. In the summer of 2000, he helped re-plan the Program as a chain of scientifically, technologically and operationally interrelated missions with a spacecraft launched to Mars every two years. He led the Program for the next five years, a span of time that included the successful landing of the Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity. All told, from 2000 to 2012 there has been an unprecedented 6 consecutive successful American missions to Mars (4 landers and 2 orbiters) based on the roadmap devised in the summer of 2000. For management of the Mars Program, in 2005 he was awarded NASA's highest award, the NASA Distinguished Service Medal.

JPL's Associate Director
After the Mars Program, Naderi was appointed JPL's first associate director for Project Formulation and Strategy, serving as the Laboratory's senior official providing oversight of JPL new business acquisition and senior strategic planning officer. He created JPL's Innovation Foundry, an internal startup ecosystem akin to accelerator/incubator outfits in Silicon Valley. For six years, he managed an annual $100M internal investment fund for identifying and maturing nascent technologies, and mission concepts that showed the potential to grow into funded space projects.

Director for Solar System Exploration
During his last five years at JPL, he was Director of Solar System Exploration with responsibility for the Cassini spacecraft at Saturn, Dawn mission to Asteroids Vesta and Ceres, Juno mission to Jupiter, and formulation of the first-ever Mars helicopter, and a multibillion-dollar mission to Europa (a moon of Jupiter) in search of life outside of Earth.

Asteroid Naderi
After 36 years, Naderi retired from NASA in February 2016. At a farewell party in his honor, it was announced that the International Astronomical Union had renamed Asteroid 1989 EL1 as Asteroid "5515 Naderi" for his contribution to space exploration. The asteroid was discovered by the late American astronomer, Eleanor F. Helin, at the Palomar Observatory in San Diego County, California, on March 5, 1989, and is about 10 kilometers (6 miles) in diameter. It rotates about itself every 5.2 hours and orbits the Sun every 4.4 years. "Fortunately, it is not an Earth-crosser," said Naderi.

Life after NASA
In his post-NASA career, Naderi served as a management consultant, an advisor to early-stage high-tech startups, and a public speaker. He also served as a coach and mentor to the next generation of leaders within the Iranian-American community.

Teaching and public speaking
Naderi was frequently invited as a keynote and motivational speaker at conferences and workshops. He gave talks to student associations at many universities, including: Stanford University, University of California, Berkeley, University of Southern California, Duke University, University of Toronto, Virginia Tech, University of British Columbia, University of California, San Diego, Texas A&M International University, Texas A&M University at Qatar, the University of Houston, Western Michigan University, and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology—Germany

Naderi taught modules in executive education classes at Stanford University's on "Management of Large Complex Programs".

Philanthropy and community support
Naderi was an advocate for the Iranian-American diaspora formerly having served on the board of directors of Public Affairs Alliance of Iranian Americans (PAAIA). He also served on the advisory boards of several philanthropic organizations, including on Arasteh-Amin Foundation, and in the past on Keep Children in School Foundation (KCIS, and International Society of Children with Cancer (ISCC), and was a board member of Iranica Encyclopedia.

When asked that after living 50 years in America, he feel more American or Persian, he said,

"'Being Persian is part of my history and being an American is part of my identity and the two are irretrievably intermixed--like an egg that once scrambled, you cannot separate the yolk from the white. America is my country, and Iran is my homeland. And how blessed I am to be rooted in ancient civilization with a rich culture, and at the same time a proud American living in this young nation that has lifted me on her shoulders, allowing me to reach for the stars.'"

Political affiliation
Naderi was a registered Democrat. His view on the political system in Iran is that the people living in Iran should decide what is the best system of government for them. But, he favored a democratically elected, secular government, observing full civil liberties and human rights with separation of "church" and state. He had no religious affiliation. However, in an interview in 2011, he called himself a "spiritual" person, believing in "something" beyond himself, but not within the framework of any religion.

Representing Iran at the 89th Academy Awards
Naderi and Anousheh Ansari represented Iranian filmmaker Asghar Farhadi at the 89th Academy Awards for his winning in the Best Foreign Language Film category. Because of Farhadi's absence due to president Trump's 2017 immigration restrictions over seven Muslim countries including Iran; Farhadi selected Naderi and Ansari as his representatives at the Oscars, given that both of them are successful Iranian-Americans who immigrated to the US. On February 26, 2017, they accepted the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film for The Salesman on Farhadi's behalf. In the press briefing after the award when asked why he and Anousheh were chosen by the filmmaker to accept the award, he replied that it likely was because both Anousheh and he have a space perspective of Earth, "As you pull away from the Earth and look back at it all you see is a beautiful blue planet without any lines, borders or – walls. Home to all of us".

Recognitions and awards

 * Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA)
 * NASA, Outstanding Leadership Medal
 * 1997 – Space Technology Hall of Fame Medal
 * 2005 – Ellis Island Medal of Honor
 * 2005 – NASA, Distinguished Service Medal. This is the highest award given at NASA, for his "distinguished contribution to space science and exploration".
 * 2007 – The Engineers Council of Northridge, California, Theodore von Kármán Mission Excellence Award
 * 2010 – American Astronautical Society (AAS) William Randolph Lovelace II Award
 * 2015 – "Great Immigrants: The Pride of America" by Carnegie Corporation of New York
 * 2016 – Asteroid 1989 EL1 renamed Asteroid "5515 Naderi"
 * 2022 – inducted into Iowa State University's Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hall of Fame
 * 2023 – Distinguished Alumni Signal and Image Processing Institute (SIPI), University of Southern California (USC)

Neck injury and death
In May 2023, Naderi experienced a life-altering event that resulted in paralysis from the neck down. He sustained a fall in conjunction with a cardiac episode. As a consequence, he suffered an extensive neck injury that involved damage to the spinal cord. The ensuing paralysis required surgical intervention, and some level of recovery was anticipated within a four to five month period. He died on June 9, 2023, in Los Angeles at the age of 77.

title: Firouz Naderi


text:
Serial sevens

Serial sevens (or, more generally, the descending subtraction task; DST), where a patient counts down from one hundred by 7|sevens, is a clinical test used to test cognition; for example, to help assess mental status after possible head injury, in suspected cases of dementia or to show sleep inertia. This well-known test, in active documented use since at least 1944, was adopted as part of the mini-mental state examination. The test is also used in determining when a patient is becoming unconscious under anaesthetic, for example prior to major dental surgery.

On its own, the inability to perform 'serial sevens' is not diagnostic of any particular disorder or impairment, but is generally used as a quick and easy test of concentration and memory in any number of situations where clinicians suspect that these cognitive functions might be affected. Each subtraction is considered as a unit and calculations are made on the basis of the 14 possible correct subtractions, that is 93-86-79-72-65-58-51-44-37-30-23-16-9-2.

Similar tests include serial threes where the counting downwards is done by threes, reciting the months of the year in reverse order, or spelling 'world' backwards.

A study involving uninjured high school athletes concluded that the serial sevens test is not appropriate when testing for concussion because it lacks specificity; the pass rate is too low to give any meaningful result. The ability to recite the months in reverse order was thought to be a more effective measure because the pass rate was higher for that test in uninjured athletes.

The numbers of the serial sevens test are a recurring motif in Sarah Kane's play 4.48 Psychosis.

title: Serial sevens


text: User talk:81.178.206.148

title: User talk:81.178.206.148


text:
User:Tentacle Monster/nostalgia.js

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title: User:Tentacle Monster/nostalgia.js


text:
User:AdamHeurlin

I hardly ever contribute to Wikipedia, but I read it alot. I’m interested in various geeky stuff, like linguistics and IT-technology. I’m studying Hungarian in my spare time, but am not at all fluent in any way. Because I’m living so close to Denmark and Norway and watch quite much Danish and Norwegian TV, I have managed to pick up some basic vocabulary (at least things that are different from equivalents in Swedish) and basic grammar, so I do understand both Norwegian and Danish quite well, but I can’t really use the languages completely properly.  Just for fun or something:  My name in IPA: “Rikssvenska” (“proper” Swedish) [ ˈɑdam høˈɭiːn ]; Skånska/Scanian (southern Swedish) [ ˈɑʊdam hɶˈʀlɛɪjn ]

title: User:AdamHeurlin


text:
File:Spideychapterone-1.jpg

Summary
Cover to Spider-Man Chapter One #1 (December, 1998). Art by John Byrne (comics).  This image is a homage to Jack Kirby and Steve Ditko's August, 1962 cover for Amazing Fantasy #15, which was the first appearance of Spider-Man Image:AmazingFantasy15.jpg.

title: File:Spideychapterone-1.jpg


text:
Mohamed Abdi Hashi

Mohamed Abdi Hashi (Maxamed Cabdi Xaashi, محمد عبدي هاشي; died 12 July 2020) was a Somali politician, who served as the president of USP during the 1990s. He hailed from the Dhulbahante clan, Qayaad sub clan.

He was the Vice President under Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed from August 1998 to October 2004. He was the interim President of Puntland from October 2004 to 8 January 2005.

He died in the Kenyan capital of Nairobi on 12 July 2020. On 15 July he was buried in Garowe.

Biograpy
Mahamed Abdi is from the Qayaad branch of the Dhulbahante clan.

Mahamed Abdi was born in the rural community of Hargaga, west of Las Anod in the Sool region.

A son, Abdirahman Mohamed Abdi Hashi, was born in September 1955.

Political careers
He chaired the United Somali Party (USP), a political organization created in 1991.

In January 1993 he attended a Somali civil war reconciliation conference in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. .

At the end of 1996, Mahamed Abdi and other anti-Somaliland factions with the support of the diaspora held a Dhulbahante clan meeting in Bo'ame, where a resolution was passed to unite the Halti, consisting of the Dhulbahante clan and others. This was one of the triggers for the later founding of Puntland.

Vice President Puntland to Interim President
In 1998, when Puntland was founded, Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed became president.

According to a pre-election agreement, the president was to come from the Majeerteen clan, the vice president from the Dulbahante clan, and the speaker of the assembly from the Warsangali clan. The vice presidency was to be contested among the branches of the Dulbahante clan, with Mahamed Abdi, Ahmed Abdi Mohamed, and Yasin Ali Abdulle Tamat, of which Mahamed Abdi became vice president.

Mahamed Abdi would serve as vice president (and interim president) for the next six-plus years, often at odds with the power-hungry President Yusuf.

Meanwhile, to end the Somali Civil War, other countries supported the reconstruction of the central government of Somalia, and the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia was established as a preparatory body. Mahamed Abdi became president of Puntland as a bridge until the next Puntland presidential elections.

Note that Abdullahi Yusuf was ousted from the presidency once in 2001, and for a few months, people such as Yusuf Haji Nur and Jama Ali Jama took over as president, so Mahamed Abdi is formally the fifth president of Puntland. However, Yusuf Haji Nur and Jama Ali Jama were soon ousted militarily, and Yusuf became president again, so Mahamed Abdi is sometimes described as the “second president of Puntland." On the other hand, he is sometimes referred to as the interim president because of his elevated position from vice president until the next presidential election.

At the end of October 2004, fighting broke out between Puntland and neighboring Somaliland to the west. In response, President Mahamed Abdi sent a letter to President Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia saying that the situation was “very dangerous.”

On January 8, 2005, Mahamed Abdi ran for President of Puntland, but the parliamentary vote resulted in 30 votes for Mahamed Abdi and 35 votes for Mohamud Muse Hersi, and Mahamed Muse Hersi was elected President of Puntland.

Thereafter
In April 2019, Mahamed Abdi received a visit from Puntland President Said Abdullahi Deni at his home in Nairobi, Kenya.

Mahamed Abdi fell ill in Nairobi, Kenya, and died shortly thereafter on July 12, 2020. Mahamed Abdi was buried in Garowe, the capital of Puntland. .

Family

 * Abdirahman Mohamed Abdi Hashi - Son. Former Minister of Fisheries and Marine Resources of the Federal Republic of Somalia.

title: Mohamed Abdi Hashi


text: Template:Connecticut-geo-stub

title: Template:Connecticut-geo-stub


text:
IDC (electrical connector)

An insulation-displacement contact (IDC), also known as insulation-piercing contact (IPC), is an electrical connector designed to be connected to the conductor(s) of an insulated cable by a connection process which forces a selectively sharpened blade or blades through the insulation, bypassing the need to strip the conductors of insulation before connecting. When properly made, the connector blade cold-welds to the conductor, making a theoretically reliable gas-tight connection.

History
Modern IDC technology developed after and was influenced by research on wire-wrap and crimp connector technology originally pioneered by Western Electric, Bell Telephone Labs, and others. Although originally designed to connect only solid (single-stranded) conductors, IDC technology was eventually extended to multiple-stranded wire as well.

Initially, IDCs were seen only in extra-low voltage applications, such as telecommunications, networking and signal connections between parts of an electronic or computer system. However, they are now also used in some domestic and industrial low voltage (power) applications, as can be seen in the illustration. The benefits claimed for their use in these applications include up to 50 percent faster installation, due to the reduction in the stripping, twisting and screwing down processes.

Ribbon cable
Ribbon cable is designed to be used with multi-contact IDC connectors in such a way that many IDC connections can be made at once, saving time in applications where many connections are needed. These connectors are not designed to be reusable, but can often be re-used if care is taken when removing the cable.

Pin 1 is typically indicated on the body of the connector by a red or raised "V" mark. The corresponding wire in a ribbon cable is usually indicated by red coloration, a raised molded ridge, or markings printed onto the cable insulation. On the connector pin 2 is opposite pin 1, pin 3 is next to pin 1 along the length of the connector, and so on. On the cable, the wire connected to pin 2 is next to the wire connected to pin 1 (the red coded wire), and so on.

Telephone and network plugs
In some types of telephone and network plug, including the BS 6312 and the registered jack (RJ) family, generally separate wires in a sheath are used. In these applications, the outer sheath is stripped then the wires are inserted into the connector and a special termination tool is used to force the conductors into the contacts. Traditionally these connectors have been used with flat cable which makes it easy to ensure the correct conductors go into the correct slots. Modular connectors used with Category 5 twisted pair cable require careful arranging of the conductors by hand before inserting them into the connector.

Punch-down blocks
Punch-down blocks are intended to connect individual conductors punched down into each position in the block with a special punch-down tool. Punch-down terminations are also generally seen in telephone and network connectors, in patch panels and distribution frames, and in telephone equipment such as PBXs.

Common layouts

Pins are commonly numbered from pin 1 with odd numbers along one side and the even numbers along the other side. Connectors are categorized by pin spacing in mm (pitch), number of pins, and number of rows. Connectors commonly used in computers include:

 * 3.5 inch IDE desktop computer hard disk drives – 2.54 mm pitch, 40 pins, 2×20 (2 rows of 20 pins)
 * 2.5 inch IDE notebook computer hard disk drives – 2.00 mm pitch, 44 pins, 2×22 (2 rows of 22 pins)
 * SCSI 8-bit – 2.54 mm pitch, 50 pins, 2×25 (2 rows of 25 pins)
 * SCSI 16-bit – 1.27 mm pitch, 68 pins, 2×34 (2 rows of 34 pins)
 * Floppy disk – 2.54 mm pitch, 34 pins, 2×17 (2 rows of 17 pins)
 * Serial DE-9 on motherboards – 2.54 mm pitch, 10 pins, 2×5 (2 rows of 5 pins) – sometimes called everex
 * Parallel DB-25 – 2.54 mm pitch, 26 pins, 2×13 (2 rows of 13 pins)
 * In some instances USB through version 2 on motherboards – 2.54 mm pitch, 10 pins, 2×5 (2 rows of 5 pins)

For all of the above connectors, the computer manufacturer typically attaches a female IDC connector onto one end of a ribbon cable, and later slides that connector onto a matching male box header or pin header on the computer motherboard.

title: IDC (electrical connector)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wharton school publishing

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 13:00, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

Wharton school publishing
Blatant advertising. may also be copyvio. 202.156.6.62 14:02, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * delete adcopy. Pete.Hurd 21:37, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. -- Reinyday, 16:49, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
William Crowther (Australian politician)

William Lodewyk Crowther FRCS (15 April 1817 − 12 April 1885) was a Tasmanian politician, who was Premier of Tasmania from 20 December 1878 to 29 October 1879.

His careers in medicine, politics, and business were overshadowed in modern times by his role in the unsanctioned exhumation and decapitation of William Lanne's body. Lanne was believed to be the last "full-blooded" Aboriginal Tasmanian male and after the exhumation, his skull was sent by Crowther to the Royal College of Surgeons in London for preservation.

Early life
Crowther was born on 15 April 1817 in Haarlem, Netherlands. He was the son of Sarah (Pearson) and William Crowther, who was later a long-time resident surgeon of Hobart. The Crowthers moved to Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania) in 1824.

Crowther was educated at Richard B. Claiborne's Grammar School in Longford, Tasmania in 1828. On his 120-mile (193 km) walks to and from school in holidays, Crowther developed a strong interest in natural history.

Crowther was subsequently apprenticed as an apothecarist in Hobart but without qualifications. After the death of his father in 1839, William Crowther continued his medical studies in England. He famously travelled from Hobart with a large collection of Tasmanian fauna, which included potoroos, black-faced wallabies, a pair of Tasmanian devils and 493 skins. This collection was sold to the Earl of Derby which allowed him to pay his fees at St Thomas's Hospital (M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., 1841) and a year of study in Paris.

In 1842, William Crowther returned to Hobart and took over his father's former practice.

Business interests
Crowther engaged in various commercial enterprises in Tasmania. He was a shipowner, had sawmills on the Huon River and shipped lumber from Tasmania to other Australian colonies and New Zealand. He sent ships to collect guano from islands in the Coral Sea and engaged in sealing and pelagic whaling from Hobart.

Political career
Crowther was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly in October 1866, but resigned his seat in December 1866. On 22 March 1869, he was elected to the Tasmanian Legislative Council as a representative of Hobart and held this seat until his death. He was a constant attendant and an able speaker. In July 1876 he joined the Thomas Reibey cabinet as a minister without portfolio, and on 20 December 1878 became premier. The state of the political parties at that time made it practically impossible to do anything constructive. Crowther resigned on 29 October 1879.

Removal of Indigenous remains
Crowther is noted for mutilating the remains of William Lanne, a Tasmanian Aboriginal man, in 1869. He removed Lanne's skull and sent it to the Royal College of Surgeons in London. He was suspended from his role as honorary medical officer at the Hobart General Hospital over charges arising from this mutilation. An inquiry showed that two mutilations had taken place, the first at the Colonial Hospital, the other at the cemetery the night of the burial. Drs Crowther and G. Stokell, resident medical officer at the hospital, were suspected of the first, the Royal Society of Tasmania of the second. A petition with 48 pages of closely-packed signatures was sent to Governor (Sir) Charles Du Cane seeking annulment of Crowther's suspension, without success.

Crowther threatened violence when challenged about his actions by then Premier Alfred Kennerley in the Tasmanian Parliament in August 1873: "A fracas occurred outside the Council chamber, Hobart Town, a few nights ago. Mr. Crowther, member for Hobart Town, threatened his colleague, Mr. Kennerley, with personal violence, because of the latter's allusion to Mr. Crowther's alleged abstraction of the last aboriginal's head. Mr. Kennerley called the attention of the House to the circumstance, and Mr. Crowther was reprimanded."

Death and legacy
Crowther died in Hobart on 12 April 1885, three days before his 68th birthday. He was survived by his wife Victoria Marie Louise, daughter of General Muller, and their eight children. One of his sons, Edward Crowther, was a member of the Tasmanian parliament from 1878 to 1912.

In 1935 W. L. Crowther's face mask joined those of other eminent Australians in the gallery of the Institute of Anatomy in Canberra.

The W. L. Crowther Library was named in his memory, and presented to the State Library of Tasmania by his grandson Sir William Crowther (1887–1981), son of Edward, in 1964.

Despite a long life involving many other endeavours and achievements in his adopted home and abroad, according to historian Helen Patricia MacDonald, referring to the theft of Lanne's remains, "the events of 1869 came to define William Crowther's place in Tasmanian history".

Statue
A bronze statue of Crowther was erected in Franklin Square, Hobart, on 9 January 1889, funded by public subscription. The inscription reads: "Erected by a grateful public, and sincere personal friends To perpetuate the memory of long and zealous political and professional services rendered in this Colony by William Lodewyck Crowther F.R.C.S. England Sometime Premier of Tasmania Born 15th April, 1817 Died 12th April, 1885"

On 15 August 2022 the Hobart City Council voted 7 to 4 in favour of removing Crowther's statue from public display in Franklin Square, as an act of reconciliation. Lord Mayor, Anna Reynolds, said "[This] does not change history", adding that the records and stories remained unchanged; however, "We don't want to celebrate a time in our history when scientists and doctors wanted to prove theories of European superiority". She said that the statue would be conserved, and that preliminary discussions had been held with the Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery about moving it there.

In the early hours of Wednesday 15 May 2024 Crowther's statue was toppled after a tool was used to cut through the legs. The incident was condemned by the Hobart City Council's chief executive as an act of vandalism. The plinth was spray painted with the graffiti "What goes around" and "decolonize". Tasmanian Aboriginal Centre (TAC) campaign manager Nala Mansell said the desecration of the statue reflected community attitudes that the statue should be removed.

The downing of the statue came a day after someone attempted to saw through the statue's ankles but stopped about two-thirds through.


text:
Bellowhead

Bellowhead is an English contemporary folk band, active from 2004 to 2016, reforming in 2020. The eleven-piece act played traditional dance tunes, folk songs and shanties, with arrangements drawing inspiration from a wide range of musical styles and influences. The band included percussion and a four-piece brass section. Bellowhead's bandmembers played more than 20 instruments among them, whilst all performers provided vocals.

The band parted after their final gig at Oxford Town Hall in May 2016. In 2020, the band reformed for a reunion concert and, in 2022, played a reunion tour.

Early years and Burlesque: 2004–2007
The idea for the band came to Spiers and Boden while the duo were in a traffic jam on tour. The longer they sat in traffic, the more friends they thought to invite to join. This led to the formation of a ten-piece band, with Benji Kirkpatrick, Rachael McShane, Paul Sartin, Pete Flood, Brendan Kelly, Justin Thurgur, Andy Mellon and Giles Lewin completing the initial line-up. Before they had time to rehearse, the fledgling band were invited to play the first Oxford Folk Festival in April 2004. In 2004, the band independently released a five-track EP, publicised as "English World Music", called E.P.Onymous. In 2006 Gideon Juckes joined the band, primarily playing the tuba, and they released their first full-length album, Burlesque, featuring material from the Napoleonic Wars, the American minstrel movement and sea-shanties from Brazil. Towards the end of 2007 they became Artists in Residence at the Southbank Centre, making their inaugural appearance with a Christmas Revels event.

Matachin: 2008–2009
In 2008 Bellowhead released their second album Matachin, and a live performance at the Proms followed, which was broadcast live on BBC Four and BBC Radio 3. Sam Sweeney joined the band on fiddles and bagpipes following the departure of Giles Lewin. The following year in August the band were approached about recording music for a 20th anniversary episode of The Simpsons.

Hedonism: 2010–2011
In 2010, Ed Neuhauser replaced Gideon Juckes on helicon and sousaphone. In October 2010, Bellowhead released their third studio album, Hedonism, which had been recorded in Abbey Road Studios. The album was produced by John Leckie. In honour of the new album, the band developed a new ale also named "Hedonism", with several band members being involved in the brewing process.

Broadcast from April 2011, The Archers spin-off Ambridge Extra featured a revised version of Archers theme tune "Barwick Green", arranged and performed by Bellowhead.

In May 2011, at the 02 Academy in Bournemouth, the band recorded a DVD, Hedonism Live, which was released in late November.

Broadside: 2012–2013
The band recorded a new album, Broadside, in March 2012 at Rockfield Studios with John Leckie which was released mid-October 2012. The album went straight to number 16 in the UK official album charts and number 1 in the UK independent album charts. In early 2012 the band undertook a European tour and in November 2012 toured the UK. In early 2013 the band toured the UK, the Netherlands and Belgium.

In October 2013 they recorded a jingle for the BBC Radio 2 folk music show The Folk Show with Mark Radcliffe. During 2013 they recorded a double A-sided single, Christmas Bells / Jingle Bells which was released on 1 December in digital-only format.

Tenth anniversary, Revival, separation and reunion: 2014–present
In 2014 the band acknowledged ten years performing together with two 'Bel10whead' performances in April: Bridgewater Hall and the Royal Albert Hall. A new studio album, Revival, followed, released on 30 June 2014 by Island Records. Bellowhead headlined the concert in July 2015 for the opening of the refurbished Cardigan Castle.

The band announced their intention to split following a decision by Jon Boden to step down as frontman. Bellowhead played their final gig at Oxford Town Hall, also the venue for their first concert twelve years earlier, on 1 May 2016. The band announced a one-off reunion concert to be streamed on the 5th December 2020, for the 10th anniversary of Hedonism. They followed this with a nationwide tour in November 2022 for the 10th anniversary of Broadside. Prior to the tour beginning, band member Paul Sartin died suddenly of a heart attack on 14 September 2022 at the age of 51. However, the tour was continued despite his death, and at multiple shows the band performed Faustus song "Brisk Lad" in memory of Sartin.

Bellowhead provided the opening theme for the BBC/Britbox series Beyond Paradise, a spinoff from Death in Paradise that premiered in 2023.

Band members

 * Jon Boden – lead vocals, fiddle, tambourine, shaky egg, thunder tube, kazoo, tin whistle
 * John Spiers – melodeons, Anglo concertina, Claviola, kazoo, vocals, tambourine
 * Benji Kirkpatrick – guitar, bouzouki, mandolin, tenor banjo, vocals, kazoo
 * Rachael McShane – cello, fiddle, kazoo, vocals
 * Paul Sartin (2004-2022) – fiddle, oboe, slide whistle, kazoo, vocals
 * Giles Lewin (2004–2008) – fiddle, bagpipes
 * Sam Sweeney – fiddle, English bagpipes, kazoo, vocals, whistle
 * Pete Flood – percussion (including frying pan, glockenspiel, knives and forks, clockwork toys, megaphone scratching, stomp box, coal scuttle, party blowers, broomsticks, ratchet, Casio VL-tone, shakers and tambourine), vocals
 * Gideon Juckes (2006–2010) – sousaphone, helicon, tuba
 * Ed Neuhauser – sousaphone, helicon, tuba, vocals
 * Brendan Kelly – saxophone, bass clarinet, vocals
 * Justin Thurgur – trombone, vocals
 * Andy Mellon – trumpet, vocals

Live albums

 * Bellowhead Live: The Farewell Tour (2016)
 * Reassembled (2021)

Singles

 * "New York Girls" (2010)
 * "Cold Blows the Wind" (2010)
 * "10,000 Miles Away" (2012)
 * "Roll the Woodpile Down" (2013)
 * "Betsy Baker" (2013)
 * "Christmas Bells / Jingle Bells" (2013)
 * "Gosport Nancy" (2014)
 * "Let Her Run / I Want to See the Bright Lights Tonight" (2014)
 * "Roll Alabama" (2015)

Extended plays

 * E.P.Onymous (2004)

DVDs

 * Live at Shepherds Bush Empire (2009)
 * Hedonism Live (November, 2011)
 * Bellowhead Live: The Farewell Tour (2016)

Other works

 * Umbrellowhead (2009)
 * Pandemonium – The Essential Bellowhead (2015)

At BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards
The BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards are an annual awards ceremony for folk artists that year. During their 12 years together, Bellowhead won eight of these awards, including Best Live Act on five occasions.

 * rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;"|2014
 * rowspan="1"| Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|2013
 * rowspan="1"| Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="1"| Broadside
 * Best Album
 * Won
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"|2012
 * rowspan="2"| Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="5" style="text-align:center;"|2011
 * rowspan="2"| Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Won
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * Hedonism
 * Best Album
 * Nominated
 * New York Girls
 * Best Traditional Track
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2010
 * rowspan="2" | Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"|2009
 * rowspan="2"| Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Nominated
 * Fakenham Fair
 * Best Traditional Track
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2008
 * rowspan="2"| Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2007
 * rowspan="2" | Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Won
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2006
 * rowspan="2" | Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2005
 * rowspan="2" | Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * }
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2007
 * rowspan="2" | Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Won
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2006
 * rowspan="2" | Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Nominated
 * rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;"| 2005
 * rowspan="2" | Bellowhead
 * Best Group
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * }
 * Nominated
 * Best Live Act
 * Won
 * }
 * }

title: Bellowhead


text:
Mohamud Muse Hersi

Mohamud Muse Hersi (Maxamuud Muuse Xirsi Cadde, محمد موسى حرسي; 1 July 1937 – 8 February 2017), also known as Adde Musa, was a Somali politician. He was the President of the Puntland region of Somalia from 8 January 2005 to 8 January 2009.

Biography
A former General in the Somali Armed Forces of long-time Somali president Mohamed Siad Barre, Muse later became a local and state governor in northern Somalia before the outbreak of the Somali Civil War. He hails from the Bah-Dir Roble sub of the larger Osman Mahamuud sub-clan and is the great grandson of Xirsi Boqor Osman son of Boqor Osman Mahamuud.

 * 1963 – 1965 Secretariat to The Chief of Military Forces
 * 1965 – 1967 Chairman of Horseed political party
 * 1970 – 1972 Commander of the 21st Division, Somali National Army
 * 1972 – 1973 Chief of Training, Somali Military Forces

He also served as a military attaché to China during the mid to late 1970s. After his stint in China, he later relocated to Canada in 1979, where he owned and managed several gas stations until the mid-1990s.

Muse died in the United Arab Emirates on 8 February 2017.

President of Puntland
In March 2005, then incumbent President Muse began an ambitious plan to build an airport in Puntland's commercial capital of Bosaso, a project which is now complete and referred to as Bender Qassim International Airport. The following month, UNICEF praised a pledge from Muse who promised to inaugurate salary payments for primary school teachers, which would mark a major break from the norm in Somalia where, traditionally parents have had to bear full responsibility for the payment of teachers.

In November 2006, the Union of Islamic Courts reportedly captured Bandiiradley, a strategically located settlement near Puntland's border with Mudug. However, a spokesman for local warlord Abdi Hassan Awale Qeybdiid claimed that his troops had only made a tactical retreat from the area. Mohamed Mohamud Jama, a Mudug-based spokesman for the Islamic Courts, announced the courts' intention to march on Gaalkacyo, part of which is claimed by Puntland. Heretofore, the courts had avoided making incursions into Puntland. That same month, General Adde announced that he would rule according to Islamic law but in a different way from that of the Islamic Courts in order to avoid "politicising religion." Adde then announced that Puntland would resist any attack made by the Islamic Courts.

During the 2008 election year, Puntland saw a spike in piracy. Then incumbent President Mohamud Muse Hersi was quoted on Al Jazeera as saying that "giving in to the pirates' demands was not an option. We do not advocate for any ransom to be paid to the pirates and we support the French government, which uses force, while taking on the pirates".

In October 2008, Muse also signed a Dh170 million agreement with Dubai's Lootah Group to support the construction of an airport, seaport and free zone in the coastal city of Bosaso. Muse indicated that "I believe that when we finish all these projects our people will benefit by getting good health services, education and overall prosperity."

Muse's term as President of Puntland ended in January 2009.

Death
Muse died in UAE on 8 February 2017.

title: Mohamud Muse Hersi


text:
École Normale Hébraïque

The École Normale Hébraïque ("Jewish Normal School", المدرسة العبرية العادية) is a Jewish secondary school in Casablanca, Morocco, opened in 1945.

title: École Normale Hébraïque


text:
List of international cricketers called for throwing

In the sport of cricket, strict rules govern the method of bowling the ball. The rules relates to the bending of the arm at the elbow, the extent of which has always been open to interpretation by the umpires. More recently, the ICC has attempted to codify the maximum permissible flexing of the elbow as 15 degrees.

When a player is found by the umpire to have delivered the ball contrary to those rules, the umpire will call a no-ball and he is said to have been called for throwing. Where public opinion is that a player's bowling action appears to be that he routinely throws, he is said to have a suspect or an illegal action, or more derogatorily, he is said to be a chucker. The issue is often highly emotive with accusers considering that deliveries with an illegal action are akin to cheating.

Over the years, a number of players have been called in Test cricket and One Day Internationals, invariably creating controversy and occasionally destroying cricket careers. Often the player has been able to modify his action to appease his critics and the umpires, but more commonly, especially when the bowler has been called on more than one occasion, his career is international cricket is effectively ended.

For many spinners, especially off-spinners, they are susceptible to be called for throwing when they have a front-on approach because the elbow gets in front of the wrist upon release, especially bowling doosra.

Cricketers called for throwing in a match
Those marked in bold were called for throwing in a Test match.

 * Ernie Jones (AUS) – called in 1898 at Melbourne
 * C. B. Fry (ENG) – called three times in 1898 and then in 1900 by umpire Jim Phillips
 * Arthur Mold (ENG) – called in 1900 by umpire Jim Phillips and again in 1901
 * Madhusudan Rege (IND) – called in 1951 playing for Maharashtra v MCC (first Indian player to be called for throwing)
 * Cuan McCarthy (RSA) – called in 1952
 * Doug Insole (ENG) – called in 1952
 * Tony Lock (ENG) – called in 1952 and 1953–54
 * Keith Slater (AUS) – called in 1957–58 and 1964–65
 * Harold Rhodes (ENG) – called in 1960 and 1965
 * Geoffrey Griffin (RSA) – called in the Currie Cup in 1959-60 and 1960 at London
 * Butch White (ENG) – called in 1960 and in 1965 (though latter was a joke ball)
 * Reg Simpson (ENG) – called in 1960
 * Haseeb Ahsan (PAK) – called in Bombay in 1960–61
 * Charlie Griffith (WI) – called in 1961–62 and 1966
 * Ian Meckiff (AUS) – called in November 1963 by umpire Colin Egar at Brisbane
 * Ian Redpath (AUS) – called in 1964
 * Abid Ali (IND) – called in Christchurch in 1968
 * Jim Higgs (AUS) – called in 1975
 * Bruce Yardley (AUS) – called in 1977–78
 * Syed Kirmani (IND) – called in Bridgetown in 1983
 * David Gower (ENG) – called in Nottingham in 1986. New Zealand needed one run to win with eight wickets left so Gower put himself on and bowled one joke ball to give New Zealand the winning runs.
 * Henry Olonga (ZIM) – called in Harare in 1995
 * Grant Flower (ZIM) – called in Bulawayo in 2000
 * Muttiah Muralitharan (SL) – called in December 1995 by umpire Darrell Hair at Melbourne, January 1996 by umpires Tony McQuillan and Ross Emerson in Brisbane, and January 1999 by Ross Emerson in Adelaide – He demonstrated he is capable of bowling with a legal action by wearing a steel reinforced plaster-of-Paris arm guard (which works as a shield against him bending his arm) and bowling all his deliveries correctly. However, the calls for throwing were shown to be quite correct when tests showed a 14 degree bend when delivering the doosra, compared with the maximum under the then rules of 5 degrees. The rule was then changed to allow up to 15 degrees of bend.

Cricketers not called in a match
Players who have been reported to the ICC because of official concerns about their bowling actions but never called in a match. They were all cleared to continue bowling without sanction.
 * Kumar Dharmasena (SL)
 * Mohammad Hafeez (PAK)
 * Jermaine Lawson (WI)
 * Brett Lee (AUS)
 * Shoaib Akhtar (PAK)
 * Shoaib Malik (PAK)
 * Harbhajan Singh (IND)
 * Shaminda Eranga (SL)
 * Sunil Narine (WI)

Cricketers called in a match and sanctioned
Players who have been reported to the ICC because of official concerns about their bowling actions and subsequently sanctioned. In March 2014, following an intellectual property dispute surrounding upper limb modelling protocols, the University of Western Australia withdraws its services to International Cricket Council and the ICC take all testing in house.
 * Shoaib Akhtar (PAK) – in December 1999 but overturned almost immediately
 * Shabbir Ahmed (PAK) – in December 2005 for 12 months, previously reported in 1999, 2004 and twice in 2005, including the 12-month ban.
 * James Kirtley (ENG) – in October 2005 by England and Wales Cricket Board, also reported by umpire in the ODI debut in 2001
 * Johan Botha (RSA) – in February 2006 by ICC until passing a subsequent test to prove that action has been rectified. In November 2006, he was cleared to resume bowling at international level. He was again reported in April 2009, and his doosra was banned.
 * Abdur Razzak (BAN) – December 2008 but lifted in March 2009.
 * Shane Shillingford (WI) – reported in November 2010, banned in December 2010, but cleared to play in June 2011 following remedial work.
 * Shane Shillingford (WI) – reported in November 2013 again, banned in December 2013.
 * Marlon Samuels (WI) – banned in December 2013 by the testing facility; however ICC ruled only his quicker deliveries illegal.
 * Sachithra Senanayake (SL) – banned in July 2014, cleared in December 2014 following remedial work, particularly his bowling approach to be more side-on.
 * Kane Williamson (NZ) – banned in July 2014, cleared in December 2014 following remedial work, particularly his bowling approach to be more side-on.
 * Saeed Ajmal (PAK) – banned in September 2014.
 * Prosper Utseya (ZIM) – banned in October 2014.
 * Sohag Gazi (BAN) – banned in October 2014.
 * Taskin Ahmed and Arafat Sunny (BAN) – banned in March 2016 during ICC World Twenty20


text:
Category:Philadelphia White Stockings players

Players for the Philadelphia White Stockings (or Philadelphias, Phillies, Pearls) during their three seasons in the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players ("National Association" baseball league), 1873 – 1875.

These players are commonly considered "major leaguers" although MLB does not count the NA as a major league.


text:
Hammerite

Hammerite is a brand of hammer paint made by Hammerite Products, a subsidiary of AkzoNobel.

Company history

Hammerite paint was first developed in 1962 by Allen Forster and later manufactured at the Finnigan's factory in Prudhoe, Northumberland. The company also produced the anti-corrosion treatment Waxoyl. In the early 1980s, the company was acquired by Hunting plc who later sold it on to Williams Holdings in 1993. Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) acquired the company from Williams Holdings in 1998. In 2008, ICI was acquired by AkzoNobel.

Products
Hammerite products includes rust prevention and restoration paint, and are based on zinc phosphate as the active ingredient. Their products include interior and exterior paints as well as special metal primers. Many of these paints feature a hammered look, hence the name of the company.

title: Hammerite


text: Category:Schools in Morocco

title: Category:Schools in Morocco


text:
Plio-Pleistocene

The Plio-Pleistocene is an informally described geological pseudo-period, which begins about 5 million years ago (Mya) and, drawing forward, combines the time ranges of the formally defined Pliocene and Pleistocene epochs—marking from about 5 Mya to about 12 kya. Nominally, the Holocene epoch—the last 12 thousand years—would be excluded, but most Earth scientists would probably treat the current times as incorporated into the term "Plio-Pleistocene"; see below.

In the contexts of archaeology, paleontology, and paleoanthropology, the Plio-Pleistocene is a very useful period to which scientists may assign the long and continuous run in East Africa of datable sedimentary layers and their contents (e.g. the Bouri Formation). These contents collectively present a focused view of the continuous evolution of the region's large vertebrates, especially the evolution of some African apes (hominids) to the earliest hominins; and then the development of the early humans and their toolmaking cultures. This shorter pseudo-period—from after 5 Mya to about 1.5 Mya—straddles the boundary between the Pliocene and the Pleistocene. Thereafter the Plio-Pleistocene formations in East Africa contain, and disclose, the genus Homo developing into archaic Homo sapiens, then to anatomically modern humans.

The term is also useful in climatology and Earth sciences because the greater Plio-Pleistocene period covers the gradual but prolonged long-term cooling of the Earth's atmosphere from the generally warmer temperatures of the late Oligocene / early Neogene times to and continuing through the Late Pleistocene—and indeed continuing through current times, if the present interglacial warming is considered as merely superimposed on the longer trend of cooling. Beginning about 3 Mya, the late Pliocene saw the start of glaciation in the Northern Hemisphere, and many authors may informally use the term "Plio-Pleistocene" as a synonym for the period during which the Northern Hemisphere has been glaciated.

title: Plio-Pleistocene