text:
Talk:List of Mexican artists

Untitled
I'm thinking of working a bit to improve this.--T. Anthony 09:24, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

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José Francisco Xavier de Salazar y Mendoza (1750-1802)
Hi, I'm seeking input on whether José Francisco Xavier de Salazar y Mendoza (1750-1802) belongs on this list. His is a somewhat confusing case.

Mendoza was Mexican, in that he was born in Mérida, Yucatan peninsula, Mexico in 1750; he lived and worked there until 1782. If I understand the history correctly Mexico was then part of colonial Spain (New Spain) until the war of independence was won in 1821. In 1782 he moved to a different part of New Spain: Spanish colonial New Orleans. The city of New Orleans alternated between being a French colonial city & a Spanish colonial city until it became part of the United States in 1803 (Louisiana purchase).

So, he’s not an easy fit – Mexican, Spanish, French or American. I think he fits under section 3: Painters 3.1: Colonia era 1521-1821, however I am not certain myself.

Pinging for feedback as well as any other editors watching this article. Thanks in advance! Netherzone (talk) 23:17, 8 April 2021 (UTC)
 * He worked in Mexico for a long time, was born there, and all this happened in the Colonian era, so I do not see much of a choice, I think he is currently placed correctly. (Though the book on Mexican art I was using does not seem to mention him).--Ymblanter (talk) 05:39, 9 April 2021 (UTC)
 * , thank you for your quick response. I guess I'm still a bit confused but I think "currently placed correctly" means it is OK add him back to this article. If I misunderstood, please feel free to revert again. Netherzone (talk) 18:02, 9 April 2021 (UTC)
 * But he is in the article, I just moved him alphabetically (the family name is de Salazar y Mendoza)--Ymblanter (talk) 18:18, 9 April 2021 (UTC)
 * , Sorry! I was looking in the wrong place. Thank you! Netherzone (talk) 18:49, 9 April 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Mexican artists


text:
Maharaja of Mysore

The maharaja of Mysore was the king and principal ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore and briefly of Mysore State in the Indian Dominion roughly between the mid- to late-1300s and 1950. The maharaja's consort was called the maharani of Mysore.

In title, the role has been known by different names over time, from poleygar (Kannada, pāLegāra, for 'chieftain') during the early days of the fiefdom to raja (Sanskrit and Kannada, king–of especially a small region) during its early days as a kingdom to maharaja (Sanskrit and Kannada, [great] king–of a formidable kingdom ) for the rest of its period. In terms of succession, the successor was either a hereditary inheritor or, in case of no issue, handpicked by the reigning monarch or his privy council. All rulers under the Sanskrit-Kannada titles of raja or maharaja were exclusively from the house of Wadiyar.

As India gained independence from British Crown in 1947, Crown allies, most of which were princely India, ceded into the Dominion of India by 1950. With that, the title and the role of maharaja was replaced with that of rajpramukh and soon governor.

Formation and abolishment
While becoming more occupied with major fights in the late 1300s, the Vijayanagara emperor Harihara II started delegating protection of regions on the flanks of the empire to their respective local chieftains. Protection of the regions in and around present-day Mysore city fell on Yaduraya's shoulders, the Vijayanagara soldier stationed as a chieftain in the region at that time.

Poleygars and rajas
Raja Chamaraja Wodeyar III, who ruled from 1513 to 1553 over a few villages not far from the Kaveri river, is said to have constructed a small fort and named it Mahisuranagara (Kannada for buffalo town), from which Mysore gets its name. However, earlier references to the region as mahishaka dating back to mythology and the Vedic period exist.

Maharajas
With the fall and decline of the Vijayanagara Empire, Raja Chamaraja Wodeyar III's son and successor Maharaja Timmaraja Wodeyar II declared independence and assumed the title maharaja of Mysore. During the reigns of kings Kanthirava Narasaraja I and Devaraja Wodeyar I, the kingdom saw great territorial expansion. In the latter half of the 18th century, during the sultanate of the Hyder Ali-Tipu father-son duo dictating the kingdom in succession, the maharajas went largely unrecognised or merely remained nominal rulers. After the fall of Tipu, British Crown restored the kingdom to the Wadiyars as maharajas.

Governor
After India's constitution into a republic in 1950, the last ruling Maharaja Jayachamaraja Wadiyar ceded the kingdom into the republic. However, like most kings in India at that time, the maharaja and his successors were allowed an annual payment (the privy purse), certain privileges, and the use of the title "Maharaja of Mysore." Nevertheless, with the 26th Amendment to the Constitution of India, titles and privy purse all ended. With this, the role was replaced with Rajpramukh of Mysore, later renamed Governor of Mysore (now Governor of Karnataka). The role was thus incorporated into the democratic system, the governor being recommended by the Government of India and appointed by the President.

Maharajas
The first raja (and poleygar) of Mysore was Yaduraya. The last ruling king was Maharaja Jayachamaraja Wadiyar. The current head of the Wadiyar family is Yaduveera Krishnadatta Chamaraja Wadiyar.

The reputation of the maharajas of Mysore has varied historically, ending, however with great reputation. Whereas for example Maharaja Kanthirava Narasaraja I was famous as a reckoning force, his nephew's great-great-grandson Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar I was seen as weak and capricious. Maharaja Krishnaraja Wodeyar III both actively and monetarily contributed to arts and culture;  while Maharaja Chamaraja Wadiyar X spawned democratic practices, Maharaja Krishnaraja Wadiyar IV is praised for modernising Mysore Kingdom's economy and industries.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Maharaja of Mysore


text:
Talk:Charles Henry Manship

Untitled
This article was originally called Manship, containing information (mostly genealogical) Charles Henry Manship Sr., Luther Manship, Sr. and Luther Manship, Jr. In my view, only Charles Henry Manship was notable enough for an article, and as it is (as far as I know) not common to have Wiki-articles about complete families, I moved it to an article under his name. Regards, --JoanneB 15:08, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Charles Henry Manship


text:
User talk:Phessler

Hi there. Welcome to wikipedia. That material about the head of the San Francisco OpenBSD Users Group doesn't really belong on the President for Life page. It would be fine on a page about San Francisco OpenBSD Users Group. However it is probably not a good idea to create an article for a local group of which you are a member, as it would be seen as vanity. A general article on OpenBSD User Groups might be a good idea it could contain a section about the san fransisco group. See FreeBSD User Group.

Thanks for taking care with your contributions. Now Be bold!Zeimusu | Talk page 15:10, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Phessler


text:
Unified Socialist Party (France)

The Unified Socialist Party (Parti Socialiste Unifié, PSU) was a socialist political party in France, founded on April 3, 1960. It was originally led by Édouard Depreux (from its creation to 1967).

History
PSU was born through the fusion of the Autonomous Socialist Party (PSA), the Socialist Left Union (UGS), and the group around the journal Tribune du Communisme. The latter was a splinter group of the French Communist Party (PCF), which had left after the 1956 inner conflict caused by the Soviet invasion of Hungary. The PSA and the UGS was a splinter group of the French Section of the Workers' International (SFIO) party, which had left in due to the repressive policy of the SFIO Prime Minister Guy Mollet during the Algerian War of Independence and his support to General Charles de Gaulle's return and the advent of the Fifth Republic under the military pressure. The three groups were closely linked from 1958. In 1961, the newly formed party was joined by Pierre Mendès-France, after he had left the Radical Party, and by Alain Savary, a former SFIO member as opposed as Mendès-France was to Charles de Gaulle's return to power in the turmoil of the May 1958 crisis.

In 1965, the PSU aligned with the SFIO and the PCF in supporting the candidacy of François Mitterrand in the presidential election. In contrast with the established socialist parties, the PSU also supported the student uprising of May 1968; it subsequently moved away from cooperation with the Socialist Party (PS) which succeeded the SFIO after 1969, and developed its own program, based on autogestion (workers' self-management).

Michel Rocard was the PSU candidate for the 1969 presidential elections, obtaining 3.61% of the vote in the first round. The party again campaigned for Mitterrand in the 1974 presidential elections — a move which encountered the opposition of the PSU's own supporters at grassroots level; the PSU did not sign Mitterrand's Common programme of the Left (agreed with the Communists), and a sizeable section of the party activists, led by Michel Rocard and Robert Chapuis, left to join the renewed Socialist Party (believing that they could better function as a leftist tendency with the PS). The PSU supported the self-managed Lip factory.

PSU introduced Huguette Bouchardeau as its candidate for the 1981 presidential elections; she obtained 1.1% of the vote in the first round. In the 1988 presidential elections, the PSU supported the communist dissident candidate Pierre Juquin, who obtained 2.1% of the votes in the first round. In 1989, PSU merged with the New Left for Socialism, Ecology and Self-management (Juquin's movement), and formed the Red and Green Alternatives (nowadays integrated in the group Les Alternatifs).

National Secretaries

 * 1960–1967: Édouard Depreux
 * 1967–1973: Michel Rocard
 * 1973–1974: Robert Chapuis
 * 1974–1979: Michel Mousel
 * 1979–1981: Huguette Bouchardeau
 * 1981–1983: Jacques Salvator
 * 1983–1984: Serge Depaquit
 * 1984–1989: Jean-Claude Le Scornet

Members

 * Jean Maitron (1917–1987)
 * Pierre Vidal-Naquet (1930–2006)
 * François Furet

title: Unified Socialist Party (France)


text:
Pareto front

In multi-objective optimization, the Pareto front (also called Pareto frontier or Pareto curve) is the set of all Pareto efficient solutions. The concept is widely used in engineering. It allows the designer to restrict attention to the set of efficient choices, and to make tradeoffs within this set, rather than considering the full range of every parameter.

Definition
The Pareto frontier, P(Y), may be more formally described as follows. Consider a system with function $$f: X \rightarrow \mathbb{R}^m$$, where X is a compact set of feasible decisions in the metric space $$\mathbb{R}^n$$, and Y is the feasible set of criterion vectors in $$\mathbb{R}^m$$, such that $$Y = \{ y \in \mathbb{R}^m:\; y = f(x), x \in X\;\}$$.

We assume that the preferred directions of criteria values are known. A point $$y^{\prime\prime} \in \mathbb{R}^m$$ is preferred to (strictly dominates) another point $$y^{\prime} \in \mathbb{R}^m$$, written as $$y^{\prime\prime} \succ y^{\prime}$$. The Pareto frontier is thus written as:

 * $$P(Y) = \{ y^\prime \in Y: \; \{y^{\prime\prime} \in Y:\; y^{\prime\prime} \succ y^{\prime}, y^\prime \neq y^{\prime\prime} \; \} = \empty \}. $$

Marginal rate of substitution
A significant aspect of the Pareto frontier in economics is that, at a Pareto-efficient allocation, the marginal rate of substitution is the same for all consumers. A formal statement can be derived by considering a system with m consumers and n goods, and a utility function of each consumer as $$z_i=f^i(x^i)$$ where $$x^i=(x_1^i, x_2^i, \ldots, x_n^i)$$ is the vector of goods, both for all i. The feasibility constraint is $$\sum_{i=1}^m x_j^i = b_j$$ for $$j=1,\ldots,n$$. To find the Pareto optimal allocation, we maximize the Lagrangian:

 * $$L_i((x_j^k)_{k,j}, (\lambda_k)_k, (\mu_j)_j)=f^i(x^i)+\sum_{k=2}^m \lambda_k(z_k- f^k(x^k))+\sum_{j=1}^n \mu_j \left( b_j-\sum_{k=1}^m x_j^k \right)$$

where $$(\lambda_k)_k$$ and $$(\mu_j)_j$$ are the vectors of multipliers. Taking the partial derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to each good $$x_j^k$$ for $$j=1,\ldots,n$$ and $$k=1,\ldots, m$$ gives the following system of first-order conditions:

 * $$\frac{\partial L_i}{\partial x_j^i} = f_{x^i_j}^1-\mu_j=0\text{ for }j=1,\ldots,n,$$

 * $$\frac{\partial L_i}{\partial x_j^k} = -\lambda_k f_{x^k_j}^i-\mu_j=0 \text{ for }k= 2,\ldots,m \text{ and }j=1,\ldots,n,$$

where $$f_{x^i_j}$$ denotes the partial derivative of $$f$$ with respect to $$x_j^i$$. Now, fix any $$k\neq i$$ and $$j,s\in \{1,\ldots,n\}$$. The above first-order condition imply that

 * $$\frac{f_{x_j^i}^i}{f_{x_s^i}^i}=\frac{\mu_j}{\mu_s}=\frac{f_{x_j^k}^k}{f_{x_s^k}^k}.$$

Thus, in a Pareto-optimal allocation, the marginal rate of substitution must be the same for all consumers.

Computation
Algorithms for computing the Pareto frontier of a finite set of alternatives have been studied in computer science and power engineering. They include:

 * "The maxima of a point set"
 * "The maximum vector problem" or the skyline query
 * "The scalarization algorithm" or the method of weighted sums
 * "The $$\epsilon$$-constraints method"
 * Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms

Approximations
Since generating the entire Pareto front is often computationally-hard, there are algorithms for computing an approximate Pareto-front. For example, Legriel et al. call a set S an ε-approximation of the Pareto-front P, if the directed Hausdorff distance between S and P is at most ε. They observe that an ε-approximation of any Pareto front P in d dimensions can be found using (1/ε)d queries.

Zitzler, Knowles and Thiele compare several algorithms for Pareto-set approximations on various criteria, such as invariance to scaling, monotonicity, and computational complexity.

title: Pareto front


text:
FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions is a feature-length dystopian movie, written and directed by Carlos Atanes and released in 2004.

Plot
The film takes place in a vaguely futuristic dystopian milieu of France where the oppressors are an all female group called the Sisterhood of Metacontrol. They bombard Paris with a steady stream of megaphoned announcements advocating a strict separation of the sexes. Men and women can, and do, live together, but touching is strictly forbidden. Both sexes are encouraged to not let the opposite sex influence their lives. Angeline, an exemplary and irreproachable citizen has just joined the Order but her relationship with a special man, Nono, makes her question profoundly the principles of the Doctrine.

Cast and roles include

 * Xavier Tort - Nono
 * Anne-Céline Auche - Angeline
 * Manuel Solàs - Head Insurgent
 * Raúl Mena - Apprentice Insurgent
 * Marta Timón - Metacontrol Inspector
 * Antonio Vladimir - Method actor
 * Neus Bernaus - Adviser to Number 3
 * Anna Diogène - Number 3
 * Neus Suñé - The surgeon
 * Xavier Tor Sanz - The butler
 * Christian Stamm - The voice

Awards

 * 7th International Panorama of Independent Filmmakers, (Athens): BEST FEATURE FILM AWARD
 * 26th Fantasporto - Porto International Film Festival, (Porto): NOMINATED for European Award MÉLIÈS D'ARGENT

title: FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions


text:
User:Toddlevy

Visit my mashups...

 * Supreme Court Zeitgeist Tracks current news and opinions about the U.S. Supreme Court.

 * Xbox Radar Helps people find Xbox 360 products and information.

title: User:Toddlevy


text:
Daigunder

Daigunder (爆闘宣言ダイガンダー) is a Japanese anime television series about humans using robots in tournaments. Created by Nihon Ad Systems and Takara and animated by Brain's Base, the studio’s first television production, the series aired on TV Tokyo and its affiliates from April to December 2002. A series of Daigunder toys were produced that could interact with TV screens.

Plot
Set in a futuristic time where talking robots are common, there is a tournament where robot teams pit off against each other in. The Battle Robots look like humans and transforming animals.

A boy named Akira Akebono plans to win the Titan Belt with his robots Bulion, Eaglearrow, Drimog, Bonerex, Despector, Trihorn, Ryugu and also Daigu who form the mighty Daigunder. The Daigunder unit was a creation of Akira's grandfather Professor Hajime Akebono. Managed by a girl named Haruka Hoshi, Team Akira enters many tournaments for Akira to reach his goal. However, there are many occasions when a Battle Robot named Ginzan is out to destroy Daigunder. Ginzan does this under the orders of the evil and mysterious Professor Maelstrom and he is later joined by Tigamaru and Rogamaru. Akira and his friends soon find a new ally in DragonBurst and new comrades in his assistants DragonFlame and DragonFreezer.

Team Akira
Akira and his robots' base of operations is Dailand and they get around in their plane called the Daishuttle. Team Akira's Battle Robots consist of the Daigunder Unit (Ryugu, Daigu, DragonFlame and DragonFreezer), the Animal Unit (Bulion, Eaglearrow and Drimog), and the Dino Unit (Bonerex, Despector and Trihorn). When damaged, Sabuto gives them upgrades whenever they need it.

 * Akira Akebono (曙アキラ)
 * The Commander of Team Akira, Akira is the grandson of famed Battle Robot creator Hajime Akebono. His dreams of winning the Titan Belt lead him to compete or the Battle Robot Tournament. He challenges other teams with his group of robots. His most powerful and trusted ones is Ryugu and Daigu. The first robot of Team Akira was Bulion (also Hajime's first creation), who Akira played with even as a child.
 * The Commander of Team Akira, Akira is the grandson of famed Battle Robot creator Hajime Akebono. His dreams of winning the Titan Belt lead him to compete or the Battle Robot Tournament. He challenges other teams with his group of robots. His most powerful and trusted ones is Ryugu and Daigu. The first robot of Team Akira was Bulion (also Hajime's first creation), who Akira played with even as a child.

 * Haruka Hoshi/Heruka (星ハルカ/ヘルカ)
 * Haruka Hoshi (initially spelled Haruka in the closed captioning, then changed to "Heruka" [sic] to match the English pronunciation) is a young girl who looking to become a manager of Team Akira & a Battle Robots team. After Team Akira defeats Team John & gains a Battle Robot License, she becomes Akira's manager & helps to tune up his robots.
 * Haruka Hoshi (initially spelled Haruka in the closed captioning, then changed to "Heruka" [sic] to match the English pronunciation) is a young girl who looking to become a manager of Team Akira & a Battle Robots team. After Team Akira defeats Team John & gains a Battle Robot License, she becomes Akira's manager & helps to tune up his robots.

 * Hajime Akebono (ハジメ博士)
 * Hajime Akebono is a scientist who is Akira's grandfather. He is a famous Battle Robot Creator who created the robots that Akira uses, including DragoBurst along with Professor Maelstrom but DragonFlame, DragonFreezer and DragoBurst have gone berserk and gone against them years ago. Hajime later made the Animal Unit (made up of Bulion, Eaglearrow and Drimog) and then the Dino Unit (made up of Bonerex, Despector and Trihorn) and eventually the Cluster System, which is made up of Ryugu and Daigu, who combine to form Daigunder. He likes to travel to different places. It is to be noted that Bulion was Hajime's first powerful battle robot.
 * Hajime Akebono is a scientist who is Akira's grandfather. He is a famous Battle Robot Creator who created the robots that Akira uses, including DragoBurst along with Professor Maelstrom but DragonFlame, DragonFreezer and DragoBurst have gone berserk and gone against them years ago. Hajime later made the Animal Unit (made up of Bulion, Eaglearrow and Drimog) and then the Dino Unit (made up of Bonerex, Despector and Trihorn) and eventually the Cluster System, which is made up of Ryugu and Daigu, who combine to form Daigunder. He likes to travel to different places. It is to be noted that Bulion was Hajime's first powerful battle robot.

 * Beebot (サボット)
 * A small robot that does the maintenance on Team Akira's robots.

Daigunder/Dragon Unit
A creation of Professor Hajime, Battle King Daigunder (爆闘王ダイガンダー) is the Metamorphic Fusion of Ryugu and Daigu. Nicknamed the "King of the Battle Robots", he was equipped with special system called the Cluster System. Daigunder can attack his enemies with his Dragon Cannon (his finisher) and Dragon Sword. With Despector as his left arm he can perform the Echo Blast. When Both DragonFlame and DragonFreeze weapon use with Daigunder, it can use its most powerful attack, the Dragon Buster. He can also combine with DragoBurst.

 * Flaming Robot Warrior Ryugu (燃える竜騎士リューグ)
 * Ryugu is Akira's constant companion and as stubborn as he is. At first he refuses to obey Akira, until he sees Akira protect him. His attacks are Knight Slash and Knight Quake. Ryugu is a small knight robot.
 * Ryugu is Akira's constant companion and as stubborn as he is. At first he refuses to obey Akira, until he sees Akira protect him. His attacks are Knight Slash and Knight Quake. Ryugu is a small knight robot.

 * Daigu (白き不沈艦ガンダー)
 * Daigu never fights unless fused with either Ryugu, Bulion or Bonerex. While he most often all he says is "Daigu!" he has spoken other words on occasion. He is a dragon robot.
 * Daigu never fights unless fused with either Ryugu, Bulion or Bonerex. While he most often all he says is "Daigu!" he has spoken other words on occasion. He is a dragon robot.

 * Magma-Born Hot-blooded warrior DragonFlame (マグマが生んだ熱血剣士ドラゴフレイム)
 * Part of the Daigunder Unit. One of two robots built by Professors Hajime and Maelstrom when they were partners. After finding out about Big Bang's true motives, DragonFlame and DragonFreezer ran off with their leader DragoBurst on a space station in outer space. Later on in the series, they joined Team Akira. DragonFlame's animal is a Fire Dragon and attacks with Magma Dynamic. DragonFlame can Armor Fuse and become a sword by saying Saber Change for either DragoBuster or Daigunder. Like Daigu, DragonFlame mostly says one word "Flame!". DragonFlame can also combine with DragonFreezeer to become a kind of two-headed dragon for Daigunder to ride on for flight.
 * Part of the Daigunder Unit. One of two robots built by Professors Hajime and Maelstrom when they were partners. After finding out about Big Bang's true motives, DragonFlame and DragonFreezer ran off with their leader DragoBurst on a space station in outer space. Later on in the series, they joined Team Akira. DragonFlame's animal is a Fire Dragon and attacks with Magma Dynamic. DragonFlame can Armor Fuse and become a sword by saying Saber Change for either DragoBuster or Daigunder. Like Daigu, DragonFlame mostly says one word "Flame!". DragonFlame can also combine with DragonFreezeer to become a kind of two-headed dragon for Daigunder to ride on for flight.

 * Blizzard-Born Cold-blooded Sage DragonFreezer (吹雪が生んだ冷血賢者ドラゴフリーザ)
 * Part of the Daigunder Unit. One of two robots built by Professors Hajime and Maelstrom when they were partners. After finding out about Big Bang's true motives, DragonFreezer and DragonFlame ran off with their leader DragoBuster on a space station in outer space. Later on in the series, they joined Team Akira. DragonFreezer's animal is an Ice Dragon and attacks with Blizzard Strike. DragonFreezer can Armor Fuse by saying Shield Change and become a shield for either DragoBuster or Daigunder. Like Daigu and DragonFlame, DragonFreezer mostly says one word "Freeze!". DragonFreezer can also combine with DragonFlame to become some kind of two-headed dragon for Daigunder to ride on for flight.
 * Part of the Daigunder Unit. One of two robots built by Professors Hajime and Maelstrom when they were partners. After finding out about Big Bang's true motives, DragonFreezer and DragonFlame ran off with their leader DragoBuster on a space station in outer space. Later on in the series, they joined Team Akira. DragonFreezer's animal is an Ice Dragon and attacks with Blizzard Strike. DragonFreezer can Armor Fuse by saying Shield Change and become a shield for either DragoBuster or Daigunder. Like Daigu and DragonFlame, DragonFreezer mostly says one word "Freeze!". DragonFreezer can also combine with DragonFlame to become some kind of two-headed dragon for Daigunder to ride on for flight.

Bulion
Blue Thrasher Bulion (蒼き稲妻ブライオン) is the Leader of Team Akira's Animal Unit and attacks with his Thunder Claw attack. His animal form is a lion. He can Metamorphic Fuse with Daigu to become Battle King Daigulion (格闘王ダイガライオン) who attacks with his "Thunder Fang Battle Claw". With Eaglearrow and Drimog on his arms he can perform the Daigulion Blaster, and his finisher is "Thunder Fang Battle Claw". Bulion could also Armor Fuse with DragonBurst to become Black Lightning Burstlion (黒き稲妻バーストライオン).

Bonerex
Jurassic Soldier Bonerex (ジュラシックソルジャーボーンレックス) is the leader of the Dino Unit who attacked the mayor's town when the mayor was placing an amusement park in the Dino Units area. He and the Dino Unit later joined Akira and attacks with his Bone Blade attack. His animal form is a Tyrannosaurus. He can Metamorphic Fuse with Daigu to become the Swordplay King Daigarex (剣闘王ダイガレックス), with attacks such as the Air-Slicing Beast Sword and Daigurex Fire, which he performs with Despector and Trihorn on his arms. Bonerex can also Armor Fuse with DragoBurst to form Jurassic Darkness Burstrex (ジュラシックダークバーストレックス).

Megarex
Incredible Quadruple Robot Megarex (衝撃の4体駆動メガベックス) is the Power Fusion of Eaglearrow, Drimog, Despector, and Trihorn. This combination is seldom used, as it sometimes takes a lot of power out of them. Eaglearrow forms the chest armor. Drimog forms the lower torso and legs. Despector forms the back and wings. Trihorn forms the head, upper torso, arms and feet. Megarex is powerful enough to withstand Ginzan's Power Blast attack.

 * Descending Disaster Eaglearrow (甦るウィリアム・テルイーグルアロー)
 * Member of the Animal Unit. He is one of the fliers of Team Akira since his animal form is an eagle. Constantly argues with Drimog. Attacks with Fire Arrow.
 * Member of the Animal Unit. He is one of the fliers of Team Akira since his animal form is an eagle. Constantly argues with Drimog. Attacks with Fire Arrow.

 * Underground Fighter Drimog (縁の下の暴れん坊ドリモーグ)
 * Member of the Animal Unit who can dig underground. His animal form is a mole and he constantly argues with Eaglearrow. Attacks with Crash Burn.
 * Member of the Animal Unit who can dig underground. His animal form is a mole and he constantly argues with Eaglearrow. Attacks with Crash Burn.

 * Dark Reaper Despecter (死神貴族デスペクター)
 * Member of the Dino Unit that joins Team Akira. One of Team Akira's fliers. His animal form is a Pteranodon. Attacks with Specter Slash.
 * Member of the Dino Unit that joins Team Akira. One of Team Akira's fliers. His animal form is a Pteranodon. Attacks with Specter Slash.

 * Gate Keeper Trihorn (怪力門番トライホーン)
 * Member of the Dino Unit that joins with Akira. He can be a bit dumb at times. His animal form is a Triceratops. Attacks with Horn Strike.
 * Member of the Dino Unit that joins with Akira. He can be a bit dumb at times. His animal form is a Triceratops. Attacks with Horn Strike.

Allies

 * Commissioner Spinklestarber (コミッショナー)
 * Commissioner Spinklestarber is the one of the Battle Robots Tournament who observes all tournaments. A running gag is that Akira cannot seem to get his name right.
 * Commissioner Spinklestarber is the one of the Battle Robots Tournament who observes all tournaments. A running gag is that Akira cannot seem to get his name right.

 * Mysterious Unallied Gunman Ginzan (敵か味方か謎のガンマンギンザン)
 * A Battle Robot who worked for the mysterious Professor Maelstrom that attacked Daigunder on different occasions, nicknaming himself the "Ultimate Battle Robot". Although an enemy to Team Akira initially, he did team up with Akira and the Daigunder Unit for an Armor Fusion on some occasions like getting out of a cavern with sentient acidic liquid, subduing an out of control Battle Robot, and helping to find an abducted king. Ginzan can combine with Daigunder for an attack called "Dragon Revolver". The "Dragon Revolver" is one of the most powerful attacks, best remembered for almost destroying DragonFlame and DragonFreeze in space. Yet another notable Dragon Revolver attack was on Sacred Steel Tortoise, as it was successful in piercing its powerful shield. After learning about honor from Daigunder, he has begun to switch sides and eventually betrayed Professor Maelstrom when he learned his true intentions and how he felt that robots were merely tools. After fighting against Daigunder with Akira as his commander as part of a test, Ginzan decides to go away for a while and perhaps someday join Team Akira, as he now considers Akira his new commander. His animal form is a winged unicorn, his attacks include Spin Revolver and his best attack is Ultimate Revolver which forms the face of a Unicorn during its attack. After Maelstrom changed his ways, Ginzan returned to him along with Tigamaru and Rougamaru.
 * A Battle Robot who worked for the mysterious Professor Maelstrom that attacked Daigunder on different occasions, nicknaming himself the "Ultimate Battle Robot". Although an enemy to Team Akira initially, he did team up with Akira and the Daigunder Unit for an Armor Fusion on some occasions like getting out of a cavern with sentient acidic liquid, subduing an out of control Battle Robot, and helping to find an abducted king. Ginzan can combine with Daigunder for an attack called "Dragon Revolver". The "Dragon Revolver" is one of the most powerful attacks, best remembered for almost destroying DragonFlame and DragonFreeze in space. Yet another notable Dragon Revolver attack was on Sacred Steel Tortoise, as it was successful in piercing its powerful shield. After learning about honor from Daigunder, he has begun to switch sides and eventually betrayed Professor Maelstrom when he learned his true intentions and how he felt that robots were merely tools. After fighting against Daigunder with Akira as his commander as part of a test, Ginzan decides to go away for a while and perhaps someday join Team Akira, as he now considers Akira his new commander. His animal form is a winged unicorn, his attacks include Spin Revolver and his best attack is Ultimate Revolver which forms the face of a Unicorn during its attack. After Maelstrom changed his ways, Ginzan returned to him along with Tigamaru and Rougamaru.

 * Dark Beast of Legend DragoBurst, Battle Emperor DragonBurst (伝説の暗黒獣ドラゴバースト)
 * A robot built by Professors Hajime and Deikun when they were friends and partners. After finding out about Maelstrom's true motives, he ran off and now he lives with his two companions DragonFlame and DragonFreezer on a space station in outer space. His ultimate goal is to get Daigunder on his team, destroy humanity and thereby establish a Robot Utopia. He can Armor Fuse with Daigunder to form Legendary Battle Warrior Dragon Daigunder (伝説の爆闘神ドラゴンダイガンダー) with DragoFlame as a sword and DragoFreezer as a shield and attacks with his Burst Cannon and Dragon Nova. After some talking-to from Akira and Daigunder, DragoBurst realized the truth about humans and helped Team Akira destroy Maelstrom's giant turtle robot using the power of the Cluster System. His animal form is a Black Dragon and attacks with Buster Black Hole and Energy Fist. He is also capable of hypnotizing robots with his "Dragon Wave".
 * A robot built by Professors Hajime and Deikun when they were friends and partners. After finding out about Maelstrom's true motives, he ran off and now he lives with his two companions DragonFlame and DragonFreezer on a space station in outer space. His ultimate goal is to get Daigunder on his team, destroy humanity and thereby establish a Robot Utopia. He can Armor Fuse with Daigunder to form Legendary Battle Warrior Dragon Daigunder (伝説の爆闘神ドラゴンダイガンダー) with DragoFlame as a sword and DragoFreezer as a shield and attacks with his Burst Cannon and Dragon Nova. After some talking-to from Akira and Daigunder, DragoBurst realized the truth about humans and helped Team Akira destroy Maelstrom's giant turtle robot using the power of the Cluster System. His animal form is a Black Dragon and attacks with Buster Black Hole and Energy Fist. He is also capable of hypnotizing robots with his "Dragon Wave".

Villains

 * Professor Maelstrom/Big Bang (プロフェッサー・ビッグバン)
 * The primary antagonist of the series. Professor Maelstrom was once Professor Hajime's friend and partner when he was originally known as Professor Deikun/Daikun. Together they built DragoBurst. When DragoBurst found out that Professor Deikun planned to use him to take over the world, he fired at him thus destroying the laboratory and left. Many years later, he has returned complete with a metal eye due to the accident. He built Ginzan, Tigamaru, and Rogamaru to defeat Daigunder for unknown purposes especially world domination due to Daigunder is creation of his former friend Professor Hajime. After Dragon Daigunder destroyed his ultimate Battle Robot, he changed his ways. His most powerful robotic invention was the "Sacred Steel Tortoise" as he thought it was the destined end of Daigunder and Dragonburst.
 * The primary antagonist of the series. Professor Maelstrom was once Professor Hajime's friend and partner when he was originally known as Professor Deikun/Daikun. Together they built DragoBurst. When DragoBurst found out that Professor Deikun planned to use him to take over the world, he fired at him thus destroying the laboratory and left. Many years later, he has returned complete with a metal eye due to the accident. He built Ginzan, Tigamaru, and Rogamaru to defeat Daigunder for unknown purposes especially world domination due to Daigunder is creation of his former friend Professor Hajime. After Dragon Daigunder destroyed his ultimate Battle Robot, he changed his ways. His most powerful robotic invention was the "Sacred Steel Tortoise" as he thought it was the destined end of Daigunder and Dragonburst.

 * Maneuvering Pirate Tigamaru (機動大盗賊タイガマル)
 * One of two robots who join up with Ginzan to destroy Daigunder. He, along with Rogamaru, often uses trickery and deceit in their schemes to defeat Daigunder. He can combine with Rogamaru to form Maneuvering 2-Sword Style Double Fang (機動二刀流ダブルファング) with either of them at the top. Tigamaru's animal form is a tiger. Tigamaru's attack is the Tiga Whirldwind Slicer.
 * One of two robots who join up with Ginzan to destroy Daigunder. He, along with Rogamaru, often uses trickery and deceit in their schemes to defeat Daigunder. He can combine with Rogamaru to form Maneuvering 2-Sword Style Double Fang (機動二刀流ダブルファング) with either of them at the top. Tigamaru's animal form is a tiger. Tigamaru's attack is the Tiga Whirldwind Slicer.

 * Maneuvering Ninja Scroll Rogamaru (機動忍法帳ロウガマル)
 * One of two robots who join up with Ginzan to destroy Daigunder. He, along with Tigamaru, often uses trickery and deceit in their schemes to defeat Daigunder. He can combine with Tigamaru to form Maneuvering 2-Sword Style Double Fang (機動二刀流ダブルファング) with either of them at the top. Rogamaru's animal form is a wolf. Rogamaru’s attack is the Loga Moon Slicer.
 * One of two robots who join up with Ginzan to destroy Daigunder. He, along with Tigamaru, often uses trickery and deceit in their schemes to defeat Daigunder. He can combine with Tigamaru to form Maneuvering 2-Sword Style Double Fang (機動二刀流ダブルファング) with either of them at the top. Rogamaru's animal form is a wolf. Rogamaru’s attack is the Loga Moon Slicer.

Episodes

 * 1) The Dream Begins
 * 2) Step One
 * 3) Training Battle
 * 4) Hybrid Match
 * 5) Enter Ginzan
 * 6) Robot Round Up
 * 7) Bots Will Be Bots
 * 8) There Is No "I" In Team
 * 9) Been There, Done That
 * 10) Friend or Foe
 * 11) Battling with Style
 * 12) Loose as a Caboose
 * 13) The Mystery of Team X
 * 14) The Enemy Within
 * 15) Too Many Robots Spoil The Broth
 * 16) A Royal Pain
 * 17) Brits, Bots and Betty
 * 18) A New Friend
 * 19) Two Bots or Not Two Bots?
 * 20) Goon With The Wind
 * 21) Fight or Get Off The Bot
 * 22) A Battle Down Memory Lane
 * 23) Fire and Ice
 * 24) The Stand in the Sand
 * 25) Maelstrom's Madness
 * 26) Daigunder My Thumb
 * 27) The Battle for Ryugu
 * 28) Maybe the Grass Ain't Greener
 * 29) Dazed and Karnfused
 * 30) Teamwork
 * 31) A Lesson Earned is a Lesson Learned
 * 32) Doctor Bridget Explains it All
 * 33) Desperate Trap for Daigunder/A Kinder Gentler Side of Rogamaru and Tygamaru
 * 34) Maelstrom vs. Dragon Burst/Saving Daigunder
 * 35) History of the Title Grosser
 * 36) Charge! Fight for the Hard Foughted
 * 37) Assault Declaration! Dark Beast's Secret Fortress
 * 38) Explosion Declaration! The Last Day of Dailand
 * 39) Future Declaration! Matchless Cluster Power/Endgame

Japanese Cast

 * Fujiko Takimoto as Akira
 * Juri Ihata as Haruka
 * Yuki Kaida as Ryugu
 * Kiyoyuki Yanada as Daigu/Daigunder
 * Isshin Chiba as Eaglearrow & Trihorn
 * Kazuhiro Nakata as Boss
 * Keiichi Sonobe as Announcer
 * Kōichi Tōchika as Despector
 * Masaya Onosaka as Drimog
 * Nobutoshi Canna as Taigamaru
 * Nobuyuki Hiyama as Rougamaru
 * Norio Wakamoto as Dragonburst
 * Ryotaro Okiayu as Bone Rex/Daigurex
 * Susumu Chiba as Ginzan
 * Tetsu Inada as Bulion/Daigulion
 * Tomohisa Asou as Dr. Hajime

English Cast

 * Steve Blum - Professor Hajime Akebono
 * Joey D'Auria - Commissioner Spinklestarber
 * Richard Epcar - Eaglearrow
 * Barbara Goodson - Akira Akebono
 * Steve Kramer - Drimog
 * Lex Lang - Despector, Tri-Horn
 * Brad MacDonald - Rogamaru/Wolf Fang
 * Dave Mallow - Track Announcer
 * Michael McConnohie - Tigamaru/Tiger Fang
 * Lara Jill Miller - Haruka Hoshi
 * Bob Papenbrook - Bulion/Daigulion
 * Paul Schrier - Bone Rex/Daigurex
 * Joshua Seth - Ryugu
 * Michael Sorich - Daigu/Daigunder
 * Tom Wyner - Ginzan

Additional voices

 * Mona Marshall - Makoto
 * Jason C. Miller -
 * Philece Sampler - Dr. Bridget (in "Brits, Bots, and Betty")
 * Brianne Siddall - Jimmy (in "A New Friend")
 * Kari Wahlgren -

English Crew

 * Tony Oliver - Producer
 * Scott Page-Pagter - Voice Director

Theme Songs

 * "Bakuto Sengen! Daigunder" by Masaaki Endoh (OP)
 * "We Are the Heroes" by Hiroshi Kitadani (ED)

Home Media
The entire series has been released as a 10-volume VHS in Japan by Nippon Columbia. The series has not been released in DVD or available digitally at Amazon Japan or Hulu. It was released on DVD in the United Kingdom.

title: Daigunder


text:
1968 in Australia

The following lists events that happened during 1968 in Australia.

Incumbents

 * Monarch – Elizabeth II
 * Governor-General – Lord Casey
 * Prime Minister – John McEwen (until 10 January), then John Gorton
 * Deputy Prime Minister – John McEwen (from 10 January)
 * Opposition Leader – Gough Whitlam
 * Chief Justice – Sir Garfield Barwick

State and territory leaders

 * Premier of New South Wales – Robert Askin
 * Opposition Leader – Jack Renshaw (until 2 December), then Pat Hills
 * Premier of Queensland – Frank Nicklin (until 17 January), then Jack Pizzey (until 31 July), then Gordon Chalk (from 1 August until 8 August), then Joh Bjelke-Petersen
 * Opposition Leader – Jack Houston
 * Premier of South Australia – Don Dunstan (until 17 April), then Steele Hall
 * Opposition Leader – Steele Hall (until 17 April), then Don Dunstan
 * Premier of Tasmania – Eric Reece
 * Opposition Leader – Angus Bethune
 * Premier of Victoria – Sir Henry Bolte
 * Opposition Leader – Clyde Holding
 * Premier of Western Australia – David Brand
 * Opposition Leader – John Tonkin

Governors and administrators

 * Governor of New South Wales – Sir Roden Cutler
 * Governor of Queensland – Sir Alan Mansfield
 * Governor of South Australia – Lieutenant General Sir Edric Bastyan (until 1 June), then Major General Sir James Harrison (from 4 December)
 * Governor of Tasmania – General Sir Charles Gairdner (until 11 July), then Lieutenant General Sir Edric Bastyan (from 2 December)
 * Governor of Victoria – Major General Sir Rohan Delacombe
 * Governor of Western Australia – Major General Sir Douglas Kendrew
 * Administrator of Nauru – Leslie King (until 30 January)
 * Administrator of Norfolk Island – Reginald Marsh (until June), then Robert Dalkin (from July)
 * Administrator of the Northern Territory – Roger Dean
 * Administrator of Papua and New Guinea – David Hay

Events

 * 4 January – The search for the body of Prime Minister Harold Holt, who disappeared whilst swimming near Portsea, Victoria, is called off.
 * 10 January – John Gorton is sworn in as Prime Minister of Australia after the disappearance of Harold Holt.
 * 28 January – Members of English rock groups The Who and Small Faces are escorted by police from a plane at Melbourne's Essendon Airport, after the pilot diverts the flight citing the bands' behaviour.
 * 1 April – American evangelist Billy Graham begins a tour of Australia.
 * 17 April – A state election is held in South Australia. Steele Hall (Liberal and Country League) defeats Don Dunstan (ALP), and becomes Premier of South Australia.
 * 8 April – Fluoridation of Sydney's water supply begins.
 * 30 April – Jim Cairns unsuccessfully challenges Gough Whitlam for leadership of the Australian Labor Party.
 * 1 May – The Duke of Edinburgh arrives in Australia for a ten-day visit.
 * 5 May – Three Australian journalists are killed by the Viet Cong in Saigon.
 * 21 May – Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi visits Australia.
 * 14 June – Journalist Simon Townsend, future host of Simon Townsend's Wonder World, is granted exemption from military service after lodging a fifth appeal against his imprisonment and court martial for conscientious objection.
 * 18 June – The first stage of the Warringah Freeway opens in Sydney.
 * 24 June – British comedian Tony Hancock commits suicide in his Sydney hotel room.
 * 2 July – Fifty students are arrested during an anti-Vietnam War protest in Martin Place, Sydney.
 * 4 July – Forty five people are arrested during an anti-war protest outside the U.S. consulate in St Kilda Road, Melbourne.
 * 31 July – The Premier of Queensland, Jack Pizzey, dies in office.
 * 1 August – Jack Pizzey's deputy, Gordon Chalk, is sworn in as his successor until the appointment of Joh Bjelke-Petersen as Premier a week later.
 * 3 August – The standard gauge rail line between Perth and Kalgoorlie is completed.
 * 20 August – The National Gallery of Victoria is opened in Melbourne.
 * 14 October – The town of Meckering, Western Australia, is badly damaged by an earthquake.
 * 28 October – The Postmaster-General's Department decreases the number of mail deliveries per day from two to one.
 * 31 October – Minister for the Army Phillip Lynch admits that Australian Army troops may have breached the Geneva Convention by using water torture during the interrogation of a female Viet Cong suspect.
 * 1 November – The airline Ansett-ANA is renamed Ansett.
 * 14 December – A referendum is held in Tasmania to allow the granting of Australia's first casino license to the Wrest Point Hotel. The referendum is passed.
 * 31 December – MacRobertson Miller Airlines Flight 1750 crashes south of Port Hedland, Western Australia, killing all 26 people on board.

Non-specific dates

 * Australia's population is estimated to have reached 12 million in 1968.

Arts and literature

 * 17 January – The Seekers are named Australians of the Year for 1967.
 * 19 January – William Pidgeon wins the Archibald Prize with his portrait of Lloyd Rees.
 * 1 July – The Copyright Act 1968 replaces the existing 1911 copyright legislation.
 * Thomas Keneally's novel Three Cheers for the Paraclete wins the Miles Franklin Award

Film

 * 2 December – At the Australian Film Institute Awards ceremony, Prime Minister John Gorton announces the creation of the Australian Film Development Corporation.

Television

 * 25 May – An episode of the ABC series Bellbird stops the nation when the character of Charlie Cousins (played by Robin Ramsay) dies in a fall from a silo.

Sport

 * 26 February – Boxer Lionel Rose beats Japan's Fighting Harada in Tokyo to become world bantamweight champion.
 * 25 May – Derek Clayton wins his second men's national marathon title, clocking 2:14:47.8 in Hobart.
 * 26 May – Australia wins the 1968 Federation Cup in women's tennis, defeating the Netherlands (3–0).
 * 10 June – Australia wins the 1968 Rugby League World Cup when it beats France (20–2) in the final at the SCG.
 * 21 September – South Sydney defeated Manly-Warringah 13–9 in the NSWRL Grand Final at the Sydney Cricket Ground. Newtown finish in last position, claiming the wooden spoon.
 * 28 September – The Carlton Blues narrowly beat Essendon Bombers by 3 points (56–53) in the grand final of the 1968 VFL season, winning their first flag in 21 years.
 * 12 – 27 October – Australia participates in the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City, coming ninth in the medal tally with 5 gold, 7 silver and 5 bronze medals (17 in total).
 * 15 October – Ralph Doubell equals Peter Snell's world record (2:04.3) in the men's 800 metres, clocking 1:44.3 at the Summer Olympics in Mexico City.
 * 5 November – Rain Lover wins the Melbourne Cup.
 * 26 December – Ondine II takes line honours in the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race. Koomooloo is the handicap winner

Unknown dates

 * Western Australia wins the Sheffield Shield.

Births

 * 9 January – Mardi Lunn, golfer
 * 7 February – Phillip Tahmindjis, ice speed skater
 * 23 February – Angela Ash, Celebrity of Stylis Cove Western Australia
 * 12 February – Nathan Rees, 41st Premier of New South Wales (2008–2009)
 * 1 April – Mike Baird, 44th Premier of New South Wales (2014–2017)
 * 7 April – Duncan Armstrong, swimmer
 * 20 April – Julia Morris, actress, comedian, television presenter and producer
 * 13 May – Scott Morrison, 30th Prime Minister of Australia
 * 26 May – Rachael Sporn, basketball player
 * 28 May – Kylie Minogue, entertainer
 * 1 June – Jason Donovan, entertainer
 * 4 June – Rachel Griffiths, actress
 * 15 June – Hugh McDermott, politician
 * 27 July – Julian McMahon, actor
 * 3 August – Tom Long, actor (died 2020)
 * 8 August – Craig Ruddy, artist (died 2022)
 * 9 August – Eric Bana, actor
 * 10 August – Cate Shortland, film and television writer and director
 * 20 August – Sandy Brondello, basketball player and coach
 * 13 September – Andrew Gee, politician
 * 30 September – Sharon Jaklofsky, track and field athlete
 * 8 October – Garry Hocking, footballer
 * 12 October – Hugh Jackman, actor
 * 15 October – Trent Zimmerman, politician
 * 5 November – Penny Wong, politician, Minister for Foreign Affairs
 * 13 November – Cherie Burton, politician
 * 19 December – Kristina Keneally, 42nd Premier of New South Wales (2009–2011)

Deaths

 * 14 January – Dorothea Mackellar (born 1885), poet
 * 21 February – Howard Florey (born 1898), Nobel Prize-winning pharmacologist
 * 22 May – Arthur Bridges (born 1901), New South Wales Minister for Child and Social Welfare
 * 24 June – Tony Hancock (born 1924), British comedian
 * 31 July – Jack Pizzey (born 1911), Premier of Queensland
 * 19 August – William McCall (born 1908), politician
 * 25 August – Stan McCabe (born 1910), cricketer
 * 28 September – Sir Norman Brookes (born 1877), tennis player
 * 10 October – Gavin Long (born 1901), journalist and military historian
 * 13 October – Dame Jean Macnamara (born 1899), medical scientist
 * 27 October – James Hunter (born 1882), politician
 * 14 December – Margaret Theadora Allan (born 1889), community worker
 * 20 December – John Jennings (born 1878), politician

title: 1968 in Australia


text:
1969 in Australia

The following lists events that happened during 1969 in Australia.

Incumbents

 * Monarch – Elizabeth II
 * Governor-General – Lord Casey (until 30 April), then Sir Paul Hasluck
 * Prime Minister – John Gorton
 * Deputy Prime Minister – John McEwen
 * Opposition Leader – Gough Whitlam
 * Chief Justice – Sir Garfield Barwick

State and territory leaders

 * Premier of New South Wales – Robert Askin
 * Opposition Leader – Pat Hills
 * Premier of Queensland – Joh Bjelke-Petersen
 * Opposition Leader – Jack Houston
 * Premier of South Australia – Steele Hall
 * Opposition Leader – Don Dunstan
 * Premier of Tasmania – Eric Reece (until 26 May), then Angus Bethune
 * Opposition Leader – Angus Bethune (until 26 May), then Eric Reece
 * Premier of Victoria – Sir Henry Bolte
 * Opposition Leader – Clyde Holding
 * Premier of Western Australia – (Sir) David Brand
 * Opposition Leader – John Tonkin

Governors and administrators

 * Governor of New South Wales – Sir Roden Cutler
 * Governor of Queensland – Sir Alan Mansfield
 * Governor of South Australia – Major General Sir James Harrison
 * Governor of Tasmania – Lieutenant General Sir Edric Bastyan
 * Governor of Victoria – Major General Sir Rohan Delacombe
 * Governor of Western Australia – Major General Sir Douglas Kendrew
 * Administrator of Norfolk Island – Robert Dalkin
 * Administrator of the Northern Territory – Roger Dean
 * Administrator of Papua and New Guinea – David Hay

Events

 * 8 January - Bushfires across Victoria claim the lives of 23 people including 17 who died when a grass fire overran a group of cars on the Princes Highway at Lara, near Geelong in Victoria. About 280 fires in total burned 250,000 hectares, destroyed 230 homes and dozens of other buildings, killing 12,000 head of stock.
 * 7 February – The Violet Town railway disaster: the Southern Aurora passenger train collides head-on with a freight train. Nine people are killed.
 * 13 April – Trams in Brisbane (Queensland) end service after 84 years of operation.
 * 30 April – Sir Paul Hasluck becomes Governor-General of Australia after the retirement of Lord Casey.
 * 10 May – The 1969 Tasmanian election is held, resulting in a hung parliament with the Australian Labor Party and Liberals winning 17 seats each. The deadlock is broken when Kevin Lyons of the Centre Party forms a coalition government with the Liberals and becomes Deputy Premier under Angus Bethune.
 * 12 May – The Age newspaper in Melbourne begins the process of moving from Collins Street to Spencer Street. The move is completed on 6 October.
 * 3 June – Melbourne-Evans collision – The Royal Australian Navy aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne collides with the United States Navy destroyer USS Frank E. Evans in the South China Sea. Frank E. Evans is cut in half and sinks, killing 74 crew.
 * 19 June – The Commonwealth Conciliation and Arbitration Commission rules that equal pay for women doing the same work as men must be phased in by 1972.
 * 26 September – The Poseidon bubble begins when the small mining company Poseidon NL discovers a large nickel deposit in Laverton, Western Australia.
 * 25 October – 1969 Australian federal election: The Coalition Gorton government is narrowly re-elected with a sharply reduced majority, defeating a resurgent Labor Party led by Gough Whitlam.
 * 7 November – A Liberal Party leadership spill is held, with Prime Minister Gorton re-elected as party leader over challengers William McMahon and David Fairbairn.
 * 11 November – Prime Minister Gorton makes the most sweeping changes to the Federal Ministry since the Liberal-Country Party Coalition took office in 1949. Seven back-benchers are promoted to the junior ministry, four junior ministers promoted to cabinet, and three ministers dropped altogether. Treasurer McMahon was moved to External Affairs, and replaced by Les Bury. Future prime minister Malcolm Fraser was promoted to Minister for Defence.
 * 13 November - Former Minister for Air, Dudley Erwin, expresses to journalists his belief that Prime Minister Gorton's young secretary, Ainsley Gotto, was responsible for him being dropped from his ministerial position. Erwin also asserted Gotto severely restricted access to Gorton which he and other ministers had previously enjoyed. When asked what political manoeuvre had been used to get him out of office, he replied "it's shapely, it wiggles, it's cold-blooded and its name is Ainsley Gotto".
 * Victorian SEC workers strike for 24 hours from midnight for the fourth time this year, causing widespread disruption to power supplies.
 * 29 November – The rebuilding of the Sydney-Perth rail corridor to standard gauge is completed.
 * 16 December – Prime Minister John Gorton announces that a withdrawal of Australian Army troops from the Vietnam War would begin in 1970.

Science and technology

 * 20 July – NASA switches the main transmission feed of the Apollo 11 Moon landing to Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station in Canberra, then Parkes Observatory in New South Wales, which then broadcasts the mission to the world.

Arts and literature

 * 4 May – An Australian production of the rock musical Hair opens in Sydney. Produced by Harry M. Miller, it features the debut of young American singer Marcia Hines.
 * George Johnston's novel Clean Straw for Nothing wins the Miles Franklin Award

Film

 * 27 March – 2000 Weeks (directed by Tim Burstall) is released. The film was one of the first features of the modern era in Australian cinema, although it was received poorly both critically and commercially.

Television

 * 5 March – The last episode of spy series Hunter is aired.
 * 11 March – Police procedural drama series Division 4 makes its debut on the Nine Network.
 * 21 March – Graham Kennedy wins the Gold Logie for In Melbourne Tonight.

Sport

 * 21 January – Boxer Johnny Famechon becomes world featherweight champion, when he defeats Cuban Jose Legra in a bout at the Albert Hall in London.
 * 12 April – Carlton achieve the first double-century VFL score when they kick 30.30 (210) against Hawthorn, beating a previous record from 1931.
 * 6 September – Richmond sets a new record VFL finals winning margin when it beats Geelong by 118 points. it is the first century winning margin in a finals match and beats the previous record margin of 88 points by Melbourne against Collingwood in the 1964 Second Semi.
 * 20 September – Balmain defeated South Sydney 11–2 in the NSWRL Rugby League Grand Final at the Sydney Cricket Ground. It is Balmain's first premiership win since 1947, and would become their final win as the Balmain Tigers; they would later win in 2005 after their merger with the Western Suburbs Magpies to form the Wests Tigers. Cronulla-Sutherland finish in last position, claiming the wooden spoon.
 * 27 September – Richmond 12.13 (85) beats Carlton 8.12 (60) for its seventh premiership.
 * 2 October – Tennis player Rod Laver beats fellow Australian Tony Roche in the men's singles final of the U.S. Open, achieving his second Grand Slam (having also won the Australian Open, the French Open and Wimbledon in that year).
 * 11 October – John Farrington wins his first men's national marathon title, clocking 2:21:02.8 in Sydney.
 * 4 November – Rain Lover wins the Melbourne Cup.

Births

 * 19 January – Luc Longley, basketball player
 * 22 January – Shelley Sandie, basketball player
 * 23 January – Danielle Woodhouse, water polo player
 * 7 February – Fiona Robinson, basketball and handball player
 * 3 March – Tony Modra, Australian Rules football player
 * 13 March – Jamie Cox, cricketer
 * 15 March – Matthew Morris, politician
 * 17 March – Alison Forman, football (soccer) midfielder
 * 28 March – John Brogden, politician
 * 1 April – Andrew Vlahov, basketball player
 * 3 April – Ben Mendelsohn, actor
 * 7 May – Rachael Robertson (writer), speaker, author and mentor
 * 14 May – Cate Blanchett, actress
 * 17 May – Liesl Tesch, wheelchair basketball player, sailor and politician
 * 31 May – Juliet Haslam, field hockey defender
 * 3 June – Dean Pay, Australian rugby league player
 * 30 June – Mark Garner, track and field sprinter
 * 7 July – Rina Bradshaw-Hill, triathlete
 * 17 July – Jason Clarke, Australian actor
 * 30 July – Simon Baker, actor
 * 9 August – Ricky Cooke, racewalker
 * 15 August – Bernard Fanning, singer
 * 16 August – Jodi McKay, politician
 * 29 August – Bill Granger, restaurateur (d. 2023)
 * 6 September – Michellie Jones, triathlete
 * 7 September – David Borger, politician
 * 9 September – Natasha Stott Despoja, politician
 * 13 September – Shane Warne, cricketer (d. 2022)
 * 18 September – Brad Beven, triathlete
 * 19 September – Kostya Tszyu, boxer
 * 20 October – Laurie Daley, rugby league football commentator and former player
 * 31 October – Kylie Kwong, chef and television presenter
 * 14 December – Dave Nilsson, baseball player
 * 14 December – Rob Oakeshott, politician
 * 29 December – Andrew Cornwell, politician

Deaths

 * 29 January – Alfred McClelland (born 1886), politician
 * 31 March – Ernest Wetherell, politician
 * 14 May – Frederick Lane (born 1888), swimmer
 * 3 August – Alexander Mair (born 1889), 26th Premier of New South Wales (1939–1941)
 * 25 August – Robert Cosgrove (born 1894), 30th Premier of Tasmania (1939–1947, 1948–1958)
 * 17 November – Sir Malcolm Barclay-Harvey (born 1890), 22nd Governor of South Australia (1939–1944)
 * 21 November – Norman Lindsay (born 1879), artist
 * 27 November – May Gibbs, (born 1877) children's author.
 * 20 December – Sir Giles Chippindall, (born 1893), public servant

title: 1969 in Australia


text:
Universities in Bangladesh

Universities in Bangladesh represent about 150 academic bodies of the conventional higher education institution (HEI) in Bangladesh. Segmented by management and financial structure, these include 43 public universities, 103 private universities, 3 international universities, 31 specialized colleges, and 2 special universities. There are specialized universities in both categories offering courses principally in technological studies, medical studies, business studies and Islamic studies. There are two private universities dedicated solely to female students. The number of universities is growing mostly in and around the capital city of Dhaka.

There are about 1688 colleges organized under the umbrella of Bangladesh National University — one of the largest in the world. The Open University offers distance learning courses. There is a parallel religious high-ed education system. And amongst private higher education institutions, the Universal College Bangladesh is the pioneer of bringing together world's best universities such as Monash College Pathway program and London School of Economics and Political Science in Bangladesh, where you can obtain foreign degree from the Dhaka city campus.

The University Grants Commission of Bangladesh (UGC) is the regulatory body of all the public (government funded) and private universities of Bangladesh. The Private University Act of 1992 paved the way for vigorous sprouting of private universities. 80% of its universities are in their infancy. There is a severed shortage in higher education capacity. The country is yet to have any research and education network (REN) or digital library consortium (DLC).

Public universities
Bangladesh has 53 public universities instructing the bulk of higher studies students. They that are funded by the government and managed as self-governed government institutions.

Private universities
Private universities in Bangladesh came into being after institution of the Private University Act of 1992. As of 2019, over 103 of them had started. These universities follow an open credit system.

Criticism and controversy
There has been much controversy around the private universities and their practices. Eleven universities went operational without a UGC approval which was made a necessity under the Private University Act (1992). Twenty-seven private universities were found running without a vice-chancellor. Ten universities were issued a deadline of one year from the UGC to improve qualities. Eight universities the UGC of Bangladesh recommended for shutting down due to poor quality of academic standards. Some were served with show-cause notice by judicial authorities asking why it would not be closed down. At least eleven private universities introduced new academic courses without UGC approval. Others were found to deliver instructions in unauthorized courses and have illegal campuses.

Other universities and specialized colleges

 * Bangladesh Open University
 * Bangladesh National University

title: Universities in Bangladesh


text: Category:Cuban dancers

title: Category:Cuban dancers


text:
Talk:Stag and doe

Local Phenomenon?
Are these events local phenomenons in some areas? Some people have never heard of the term 'Stag and Doe', nor have they heard of a fundraising event for a wedding.. The Stag and Doe's I've been to (in Southwestern Ontario) have generally NOT taken the place of the bachelor/bachelorette parties.

 * I agree with you completely... stag and doe seems similar to the idea of the 'back and doe' in the UK, and completely seperate from a bachelor party. I've seen it range in terms of quality from a large all you can drink party, to being a greedy money making venture from the bride and groom. It seems to vary by region. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.38.10.212 (talk) 04:16, 7 May 2008 (UTC)

Stag and Doe
Could a Stag and Doe be similar to the Southern tradition of the Shivaree?

TheKurgan 14:49, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

Suggestion: Merge this article with the Buck and Doe article?

Regionality
This can't be exclusive to just southern Ontario. I'm sure it has been done elsewhere, at least in Canada. NorthernThunder (talk) 23:59, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

I live in Sudbury (Northeastern Ontario) and stag & doe parties are commonplace (the norm, i'd even say). 69.60.237.4 (talk) 19:42, 5 June 2009 (UTC)

I live in BC, and we have never heard of this before, frankly, I think it's tacky to have a fund raiser for your wedding.... This is definately an Ontario thing, or at least an eastern Canada thing. Not common to out here on the West Coast. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.69.60.231 (talk) 18:15, 8 July 2010 (UTC)
 * It really is just a southern Ontario tacky greedfest. In the 80's, Stags were more commonplace and a real good time, where men would drink their faces off, gamble (craps especially, poker tables, blackjack, etc.) Somehow, in the past 30 years it's evolved (or devolved as those old enough might say) into a stag & doe where both sexes are invited to blow money on draw tickets for items the bride and groom has harassed other people to 'donate'. In some areas of Ontario, particularly with larger groups of Italians, classic stags still exist with open bar, pig roasts, excellent food and a real good time.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.221.64.239 (talk) 19:16, 20 February 2011 (UTC)
 * In fact, it might be a good idea if there are any old enough to contribute on the main page to the changes the 'stag' has gone through over the past 30 years. These days people, southern Ontarians are incorrectly referring 'stags' as being what the rest of North America refers to as a 'bachelor party' when the two are entirely different events.

I live in Quebec and this is definitely an Ontario-only thing. I've never heard of Stag & Doe parties happening outside Ontario. I'd suggest changing the article's mention of "In Canada" to something more representative, like "In the Canadian province of Ontario". It seems misleading to label this as a Canadian thing. DrSkrud (talk) 18:58, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

I live in Southwestern Ontario and this is a HUGE hit. People are INVITED (not dragged to or forced) to come. Everyone shows up and spends there money on stuff that benefits them as well and it helps the bride and groom with the ridiculous costs of a wedding. I call it smart, not tacky, everyone has their own opinion. This being said by someone who has not benefited from one. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.52.191.214 (talk) 19:33, 1 February 2011 (UTC)

Nova Scotian here. Never heard of this concept until I moved to Ontario. Consider this one more vote for Ontario-only. 69.166.20.179 (talk) 18:30, 14 May 2011 (UTC)

I live in Sudbury, Ontario as well and they happen all the time. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 63.135.25.171 (talk) 04:00, 16 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Chiming in from Sault Ste. Marie. These are a regular occurrence here from February to May, leading up to the summer wedding season. Saultperstar2 (talk) 18:09, 3 March 2023 (UTC)

Reference 1 is broken
Reference 1 does not seem to reference the topic of the article at all. -- SingpolymaT E 23:35, 4 March 2011 (UTC)
 * http://unpredictablebride.blogspot.com/2010/01/one-of-best-parts-of-being-involved-in.html says "Eastern Canada" which means "Ontario" to a lot of people who forget about the Maritimes. -- SingpolymaT E 23:46, 4 March 2011 (UTC)

Reference 3 is broken
Reference 3 says it was retrieved in 2101 -- not sure which year this is a typo for( 2001? 2010? 2011?) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.166.20.179 (talk) 18:27, 14 May 2011 (UTC)

Wedding Fundraising Event
I'm looking at this article and it's not just about the "Stag and Doe" - it's a broader article about wedding fundraising events (except the UK part which doesn't seem to belong - it's a similar name for a different event). Does anyone have an issue with this article getting renamed to Wedding Fundraising Event or something similar? Then it could have breakdowns by locale, drop the UK Stag and Hen paragraph and generally be more cohesive.--Ccyyrree (talk) 15:30, 26 October 2012 (UTC)

Stag and doe, not Stag/Hen
As noted years ago in the topic above, this page clearly states that the stag and doe event is entirely different from stag nights and hen nights. As such the UK section clearly does not belong, and gives entirely the wrong impression. The UK section contains no other information other than a single statement that such a tradition does not exist in the UK, which statement has been in need of citation since 2012.

I've therefore removed the UK section, and added a distinguish hat note to immediately clarify that this article is not about stag or hen dos, but something quite different. The latter is not included in the article's title, but is included in the list of emboldened alternative names. -- Taohinton (talk) 00:39, 26 April 2015 (UTC)

This is not a strictly Canadian event
--72.95.250.22 (talk) 01:27, 14 October 2021 (UTC) I grew up in Erie, PA and Stag and Drags were very common. I think this article should be updated to include the U.S.

 * Any particular areas of the US in addition to PA? Saultperstar2 (talk) 18:10, 3 March 2023 (UTC)

Stag and Doe in Ontario Political News
It's worth noting that there's a Stag and Doe popping up in political and general news, regarding current Ontario Premier Doug Ford. https://globalnews.ca/news/9457569/ontario-premier-doug-ford-stag-doe/

It could be used as another additional source document given the following text from the article:

"A stag and doe is generally a pre-wedding event where games, raffles and other activities are used to fundraise and help pay for a couple’s wedding.

Common activities to raise money include entry tickets, raffles and even auction events." Saultperstar2 (talk) 18:17, 3 March 2023 (UTC)

NY Times Piece on Stag and Does
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/20/style/stag-doe-parties-ontario-canada.html

Some great details here to mine for information and/or quotes. I believe it's a free NYT article, shouldn't be blocked by a paywall. I'll dig into it at some point when I've got some time. Saultperstar2 (talk) 18:26, 3 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stag and doe


text:
Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum (II)

Yekusiel Yehuda (Zalmen Leib) Teitelbaum (1911 – 18 May 1944) was Chief Rabbi of Sighet/Máramarossziget from 1936–1940 (Romania), 1940–1944 (Hungary).

Biography
Teitelbaum was the eldest son of Rabbi Chaim Tzvi Teitelbaum (Atzei Chaim – d. 1926) and a brother of Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum. He was born in Máramarossziget, Hungary in 1911. At the age of 14 he was a successor to a long chain of Uhel-Sziget Rebbe's.

In his first marriage, he married Ruchel, daughter of his uncle Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum. Ruchel died after 18 months of marriage and Teitelbaum remarried Gitel Yehudis, the daughter of his other uncle Rabbi Zusha Halberstam son of Rabbi Shalom Eliezer Halberstam of Újfehértó (Ratzfert).

The Holocaust
In May 1944, he was sent along with the first of four transports of the Jewish Community in Máramarossziget to the Auschwitz concentration camp where he was murdered in the early morning hours of May 18 in the gas chambers, together with his wife and his two children Chaim Tzvi and Ruchel.

title: Yekusiel Yehuda Teitelbaum (II)


text:
File:Mezzamorphis.jpeg

Rationale of fair use for Mezzamorphis album cover
This is a cover from a commercial recording. Its inclusion here is claimed as fair use because:
 * It is being used for informational purposes only.
 * It is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted sample of comparable educational value.
 * It is a low resolution copy of a CD album cover.
 * It is believed that its use will not affect the value of the original work or limit the copyright holder's rights or ability to distribute the original recording.

I believe that this use of the album cover is in good faith, without reducing the commercial value of the recording from which it was drawn. Dan, the CowMan 06:54, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

title: File:Mezzamorphis.jpeg


text:
Talk:Mannlicher–Schönauer

Untitled
Served in the presidential guard myself. Nowadays evzones use the M1 Garand.
 * I thought they looked like Garands when I saw them close-up in Greece, but I read a (probably outdated) source that mentioned the Mannlichers.--Jpbrenna 18:03, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

I have three Mannlicher Schönauers 6x54MS, 8x56MS and 7x64. The 8x56MS cartridge deserves a mention. It is also worth mentioning that the rifle and particularly the full stocked carbine handles extremely well and can be brought to bear on a target quickly. The criticism of the action's limited ability to cope with telescopic sights has some merit but with proper mounts the problem can be resolved. Some criticise the rifle for the slender stock but I feel this has no justification. 80.96.217.220 13:04, 5 December 2006 (UTC) John Walkley jvcwalkley@yahoo.com 5th December 2006

Hi John, Just looked at this article since years, i´m the author of the german M-S WP-article. Funny for me as you mention your rifle-inventotry, because i have a 8x56M.S. carbine, a M1950 7x64 rifle and a 9,5x57M.S. carbine and i´m searching a perfect 6,5x54 since years! There are several ways to mount a scope properly. If you are interested in photos and parts description of the way the did it before WWII with 4x scopes and mounts that resisted the recoil for a hunters life, leave a comment here and i try to PM you — Preceding unsigned comment added by Truedings (talk • contribs) 21:47, 26 April 2017 (UTC)

suggestion
The diagram of the rifle is pretty nice. I would suggest it be moved closer north in the article so the reader sees it much sooner. My unsolicited $.02.Angry Christian (talk) 16:25, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Mannlicher Carcano
There is no proof whatsoever that JFK was killed by a Mannlicher Carcano, by a shot from the rear, that the man the world has come to know as "Lee Harvey Oswald" had anything to do with it or that he ever ordered, received, possessed or used said weapon.

External links modified
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A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 09:39, 18 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Mannlicher schoennauer 1903-14.jpg

title: Talk:Mannlicher–Schönauer


text:
Talk:Avvakum

Untitled
He was not archpriest, but protopresbyter. See also the orthodox wikipage: 'The term protopresbyter (or protopriest) is equivalent to archpriest in Greek practice, while in Slavic usage, a protopresbyter is a rank separate from and higher than archpriest.'. Maybyse someone could write an article about the term protopresbyter? (as I don't have knowledge of it)--Hardscarf 15:17, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Avvakum protopop
First of all, according to the Encyclopaedia Britannica, Russian encyclopaedias and Russian Old believers I've discussed it with, it should be Avvakum Petrov, not "Petrovich", which is a modernized version of this historic name.

In Russian Avvakum is called "protopop", which is translated as archpriest. Only the Russian Orthodox church new style has a rank higher than "protopop" (protoierej), which, indeed, is protopresbyter. But the Old Believers' church does not have such a rank, nor had the Russian Chruch before the schism, so Avvakum could therefore have been only protopop. VasilijVasilij 20:02, 29 December 2005 (UTC)

NPOV: Avvakum - executed for heresy?
Stating that a person was executed for heresy is mostly a rather controversial thing to do. Some may think the things a person (in this case Avvakum) stands for are a heresy, some others may not. Who has got the unquestionable authority to decide on what is a heresy and what isn't? It's obvious that one is dealing with a very delicate matter.

I for one am opposed to categories having anything to do with heresies, because one is bound to make subjective and arguable evaluations with which others are bound to disagree. In fact, I think that such categories are irrelevant. Vasilij 17:43, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I think he was executed for heresy, thow he quite possibly was not guilty. abakharev 03:11, 2 June 2006 (UTC)

You and I may think what we like, but I still consider calling this or that person a heretic not NPOV. So let's just write an article about Avvakum and REFRAIN from any evaluation. Vasilij 14:48, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Besides, what you write about Avvakum sounds rather contradictory: either he is a heretic and guilty, or he is not. Furthermore, your statement is just very much your personal opinion, but does not in any way refute my words: ''Stating that a person was executed for heresy is mostly a rather controversial thing to do. Some may think the things a person (in this case Avvakum) stands for are a heresy, some others may not. Who has got the unquestionable authority to decide on what is a heresy and what isn't?'' Vasilij 14:53, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

 * If somebody was executed for murder does not mean that he commited murder, it means that the sentence has the words murder, if somebody was executed for heresey, it does not mean that he was a heretic it just mean that the authorities at that time considered him as such (see Joan of Arc as an example) abakharev 00:02, 5 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Absolutely. -- Ghirla -трёп-  08:47, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Can one compare murder to heresy? I think it's obvious one can't... By the way, could any one please give a tight defenition of "heresy"? At the moment, we've got a rather strange situation, in which a category "people exectuted for heresy" exists, but no one took the trouble of explaining what the term "heresy" actually means; there isn't even an article on this subject! If this will be done, a new discussion will unboubtedly arise: some may disagree with the defenition of "heresy" and some will say, referring to that defenition, that it's even more inappropriate to link a certain person with heresy.

Just a consideration: to loyal Roman Catholics, Martin Luther might very well be a heretic, but should this be reason enough to connect hem in Wikipedia to heresy? Just because some one (be it state authorities, be it church officials) at some time considered him to be one? I did find something about Heretics, however. It states: In theology, heresy is the holding of a belief that is in fundamental disagreement with the established teachings or doctrines of an organized religion. Unfortunately, this does not apply to Avvakum, because the principles he defended were - even from an objective point of view - not "in fundamental disagreement" with the teachings of Eastern Orthodoxy. He was rather executed for disobedience than for heresy.

Alex, I understand your arguments and I even tend to agree, but it still remains tricky business. -Vasilij 07:01, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

 * A disclaimer is needed in the category "people executed for heresy", as in the category "Heretics". That would be more appropriate. -Vasilij 07:11, 5 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Be bold and add such a disclaimer. -- Ghirla -трёп-  08:47, 5 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I put the disclaimer Vasilij asked. abakharev 09:03, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Well done! Still I would like one thing to add: many seem to treat the term "heresy" from a strictly historical point of view, but, first of all, heresy is a religious and theological conception and thus being above historical limits in time. Some may think the very word is old-fashioned, but against a religious background the term may prove still to be a most actual topic. -Vasilij 09:56, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Avvakum vs Abbacum
Avvakum is much more used in English scholarship. http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&c2coff=1&safe=off&q=Avvakum&spell=1 gives 330 hits, while http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&safe=off&c2coff=1&q=Abbacum&btnG=Search gives none and http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&lr=&safe=off&c2coff=1&q=Abbakum&btnG=Search gives one unrelated. imilarly http://www.google.com.au/books?lr=&q=Avvakum&btnG=Search+Books&as_brr=0 gives 1320 hits, while http://www.google.com.au/books?lr=&q=Abbacum&btnG=Search+Books&as_brr=0 yeilds 35 (mostly intelated). Thus, I have returned the title to Avvakum abakharev 02:19, 17 September 2006 (UTC)

Nikon reformed theology?
This seems inaccurate, it seems all he reformed were liturgical practices. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.234.177.143 (talk) 03:27, 13 March 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Avvakum


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Choco Orta

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was keep rewritten version. - Mailer Diablo 09:04, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

Choco Orta
Delete per nomination. The reasons that I'm nominating this page for deletion is because it seems more of an advertisement by EXCLUSIVE WORLDWIDE MANAGEMENT, then an article. NPOV, Fax Numbers, e-mail and newspaper reviews Tony the Marine 15:18, 6 October 2005 (UTC) This music of Puerto Rico article indicates that she is fairly significant in their music industry. This Latin Beat magazine article states that she has performed overseas including in France. In my view, she is notable enough under WP:music but this article is of little value in its current state. I would vote to keep a decent stub. Capitalistroadster 10:13, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and cleanup. Google thinks that this she is a notable Puerto Rican musician, but the EXCLUSIVE WORLDWIDE MANAGEMENT ads and the Spanish translation should be removed. Andrew pmk | Talk 03:15, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. If this guy needs an article someone can write one from scratch. This one is utter crap. -R. fiend 22:00, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Relisting. Needs more eyeballs. - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 08:26, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete She may be notable enough in a few years, but not quite just yet. Bwithh 09:12, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * 'Comment Allmusic.com shows her as having released a couple of albums see |ORTA&uid=MIW020510220605&samples=1&sql=11:8nfxlfdehcqr~T2
 * Comment: I stubified a large article, and I suggest people look at the old version before they vote, since the current version doesn't include most of the details (which I haven't had a chance to verify).  Also, I won't complain if somebody undoes what I did, and works with the old version.  I might have gone to far, but I didn't see the old content being a good basis for an article.  --rob 11:07, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Well done to Rob for the rewrite. Capitalistroadster 11:19, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's a squeaker, and a case could be made either way on this, since so much of the "press" on her is purely promotional.  But, the CDs, minor film roles, and touring can be beleived, even if the hype is discounted.  --rob 11:48, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep recycled version. Alf melmac 12:08, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep with the rewrites. --MacRusgail 16:55, 22 October 2005 (UTC)
 * keep the rewrites and expand them further down the line. Thanks for your work, rob. --Jacquelyn Marie 03:20, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in a deletion review). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Leather Jackets (film)

Leather Jackets is a 1992 film directed and written by Lee Drysdale in his directorial debut. It was shot on Highland Park, Los Angeles, California in 1990. The film stars D. B. Sweeney, Bridget Fonda and Cary Elwes.

Plot
Ex-con Mickey (D.B. Sweeney) decides to go straight, work a legitimate blue-collar job and ask his friend Claudi (Bridget Fonda) to marry him. Unfortunately, before the wedding can happen and the couple can finally leave their one-horse town, their troubled pal Dobbs (Cary Elwes) arrives and begs his buddies to help him escape from a deadly gang that he recently crossed. Soon, the mobsters track down Claudi, Mickey and Dobbs, and the unlucky trio must then run for their lives.

Cast

 * D. B. Sweeney as Mickey
 * Bridget Fonda as Claudi
 * Judy Trevor as Mrs. Little
 * Cary Elwes as Dobbs
 * James LeGros as Carl
 * Neil Giuntoli as Sammy
 * Phil Chong as Vietnamese Bookie
 * Jeff Imada as Hood #1
 * Al Goto as Hood #2
 * April Tran as Vietnamese Grocer
 * Jon Polito as Jack "Fat Jack"
 * Joe Lewis as Barfly
 * Heather Haase as Student Girl #1 (Julie)
 * Mary Ella Ross as Student Girl #2
 * Michael Champion as Costello
 * Marshall Bell as The Stranger
 * Chris Penn as Steve "Big Steve"
 * Craig Ng as Tron
 * Bill Ryusaki as Prath
 * Arielle Elwes as "Baby"
 * Lisanne Falk as Shanna
 * Viper as Connie
 * Ginger Lynn Allen as Bree
 * Tony Cecere as Pimp
 * Darryl Chan as Su
 * Alicia Allain-Ryder as "Jingles"
 * Lee Drysdale as A Waiter
 * B. Lee Drew as Tall Cop #1
 * Dee Dee Brown as Party Girl #2

title: Leather Jackets (film)


text:
Huckleberry Railroad

The Huckleberry Railroad is a narrow gauge heritage railroad located in Genesee Township, Michigan, near Flint. The railroad operates alongside Crossroads Village, both of which are owned and maintained by the Genesee County Parks and Recreation Commission.

The railroad received its name due to the story that a person could jump off the train, pick wild huckleberries, and re-board the train without difficulty, as it traveled so slowly.

History
What is now the Huckleberry Railroad began operating in 1872 as part of the Flint River Railroad. The Flint and Pere Marquette Railroad later extended the branch line from Flint to Otter Lake. It later came to be known as the Otter Lake Branch. Eventually the track was extended by another 4.5 miles from Otter Lake to Fostoria, for a total of 19.5 miles from Flint to Fostoria.

The Pere Marquette Railway abandoned the Otter Lake to Fostoria line in 1932, and the Otisville to Otter Lake line a year later. The Huckleberry Railroad began operations in 1976 on the remaining line when the Genesee County Parks and Recreation Commission opened Crossroads Village.

The train station used by the Huckleberry Railroad at Crossroads Village is the former Grand Trunk Western Railroad station from nearby Davison.

On April 23, 2020, Genesee County Parks Director Barry June announced that the railroad and Crossroads Village would not open for the 2020 summer season due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. A late opening was planned in October 2020. It was the first time that the attraction had been forced to delay opening since it was first opened in 1976.

Locomotives
The Huckleberry Railroad owns several locomotives and many pieces of rolling stock. Two steam locomotives (#152 and #464) have been restored to operating condition to pull vintage wooden passenger cars along the shores of Mott Lake.

In Service

 * 12: Formerly Bethlehem Steel Co. #12, it is a General-Electric 45 ton diesel locomotive purchased from McHugh Locomotive's & Equipment Co. in trade for former engine #7, which was a nearly identical GE 50 ton locomotive.
 * 152: Formerly Alaska Engineering Commission 1920 Baldwin #152; #152 underwent restoration starting in 2016 and returned to service in late July 2018.
 * 571: Formerly Badger Army Ammunition Plymouth HSG #571
 * 585: Formerly Badger Army Ammunition Plymouth HSG #585

Out of Service

 * 464: Formerly Denver & Rio Grande Western 1903 Baldwin K-27 "Mudhen"; #464 is currently undergoing a rebuild.
 * 3: Formerly Quincy & Torch Lake Railroad 1894 Brooks #3; #3 is currently stored disassembled by the railroad shop complex
 * 4: Formerly Potosi & Rio Verde 1904 Baldwin #4; #4 is on display by the main line.

In media
In 2009, Crossroads Village was the set for the feature film Alleged, which is based on the 1925 Scopes Trial. The Huckleberry Railroad is shown in the film. It starred Brian Dennehy as defense attorney Clarence Darrow and Fred Thompson as prosecutor William Jennings Bryan.

title: Huckleberry Railroad


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Talk:Adarnase

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title: Talk:Adarnase


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File:Bourchardeau PSU.jpg

Summary
PSU poster.

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WUSN

WUSN (99.5 FM) is a country radio station in Chicago, Illinois. Owned by Audacy, Inc. and branded as "US✶99", it is based at Two Prudential Plaza in the Loop, and transmits from atop the John Hancock Center with an HD Radio signal.

Founding and classical music era

The station began broadcasting on February 2, 1940, as experimental station W9XEN, licensed to Chicago-based radio/television manufacturer Zenith Radio Corporation. In May 1940, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced the establishment, effective January 1, 1941, of an FM radio band operating on 40 channels spanning 42–50 MHz. On October 31, 1940, the first fifteen construction permits for commercial FM stations were issued, including one to Zenith for a station in Chicago at 45.1 MHz, which was issued the call sign W51C. It was one of the first FM stations in the United States, and is the country's oldest FM station still in operation. Its transmitter was located atop the Field Building.

Effective November 1, 1943, the FCC modified its policy for FM call letters, and the station was assigned new call letters of WWZR. In 1946, the station's call sign was changed to WEFM, which were the initials of Zenith president Eugene F. McDonald. On June 27, 1945, the FCC announced the reassignment of the FM band to 80 channels from 88–106 MHz, which was soon expanded to 100 channels from 88–108 MHz, and WEFM began broadcasting on 98.5 MHz, while temporarily continuing to also broadcast at 45.1 MHz. In 1947, the station's frequency was changed to 99.5 MHz.

From 1940, when the station began broadcasting, until February 1978 the station aired a classical music format. On June 1, 1961, WEFM became the second station in the United States to broadcast in FM stereo. Few advertisements were aired, and until 1966 the only advertisements were for Zenith products. In 1966, the station began to sell advertising time, though commercials were limited to five minutes per hour and the ads had to be compatible with WEFM's classical music format. In 1972, the transmitter was moved to the John Hancock Center.

General Cinema Corporation ownership
In the early 1970s Zenith agreed to sell WEFM to General Cinema Corporation, which intended to change the station's call letters to WICV (pseudo-Roman numerals for 99.5) and institute a rock format. Litigation delayed the sale and format change until February 1978. As part of the settlement to allow the station's sale, WEFM's classical music library was donated to WNIB and WBEZ. General Cinema converted the station to a top 40 format with program director Brian White and afternoon drive personality Don Cox, but decided not to change the call sign. The station was branded "We-FM" and initially broadcast from the studios used by the Zenith classical music format at 120 West Madison street in the Chicago loop. General Cinema moved studios to the 13th floor of the Hancock Center at 875 N. Michigan Ave in 1980, where the transmitter resides on the 93rd floor. The station leased a 67 kHz subcarrier to the Physicians Radio Network, a news service for medical doctors. In early 1981, the station adopted a MOR format, with programming from the syndicated Schulke II package.

The WEFM call sign is now used on 95.9 FM in nearby Michigan City, Indiana, which also is imaged as "We-FM."

US✶99
In 1982, the station was purchased by First Media Corporation for $9.2 million. On February 6, 1982, the station adopted a country music format, branded "US-99", and its call sign was changed to WUSN on February 25, 1982. The station's initial promotion was that four songs would be played before any commercial break ensued, and that $25,000 would be given to the first person to call if the guarantee was not fulfilled. Within the first week, two mistakes were noticed by listeners and $50,000 was given away.

Lee Logan was hired as program director from KFMK in Houston, remaining with the station until 1987, when he departed for KLAC in Los Angeles. From 1982 to 1985, Don Wade was the station's morning host. Wade was briefly midday host on the station, before moving to WLS. Shock-Jock Gary Dee replaced Wade as morning host in 1985, but was fired a year later.

The station's initial country music competitors in Chicago were 670 WMAQ, 104.3 WJEZ, and 1160 WJJD, which switched to the adult standards Music of Your Life format within weeks of "US-99"'s debut. In years when the station lacked major local competition, it has ranked as the nation's most-listened-to country station.

In 1993, Infinity Broadcasting bought WUSN. Infinity was acquired by the parent company of CBS in 1997.

On August 8, 2016, WUSN rebranded slightly as "US✶99", dropping the .5 from their moniker and unveiling a new logo and slogan, "Chicago's Hottest Country". The traditional five-pointed star, which is a common feature of the logos of American country music radio stations representing the Flag of the United States, was changed in the new version to the six-pointed variety represented in the acclaimed Flag of Chicago, with the logo coloring following suit using the flag's light blue and red.

On February 2, 2017, CBS Radio announced it would merge with Entercom. The merger was approved on November 9, 2017, and was consummated on the 17th.

Awards
In 1967, WEFM won the National Federation of Music Clubs' "Special 4-Star Award" for "outstanding programming devoted to American composers".

In 1993, 2006, and 2015, WUSN won the Country Music Association's Major Market Station of the Year award.

In 2005, WUSN host Lisa Dent won the Country Music Association's Major Market Personality of the Year award.

In 2010 and 2011, the station won Country Radio Broadcasters/Country Aircheck Awards for Station of the Year for a Major Market; the Lisa Dent and Ramblin' Ray Show for Major Market Morning Show and Marci Braun (weeknight host/MD) for Major Market MD.

In 2010 and 2015, Lisa Dent and Ramblin' Ray Stevens won the Country Music Association Major Market Personality of the Year for the Lisa Dent and Ramblin' Ray Morning Show.

Controversy
On April 13, 2001, a memo from WUSN management asking on-air station employees to attend the George Strait Country Music Festival on May 26, 2001, at their own expense and "work the crowd" on behalf of the station was leaked to Robert Feder's media column for the Chicago Sun-Times.

On July 7, 2003, country music radio personality Cliff Dumas sued Infinity Broadcasting Corporation and WUSN in United States District Court, seeking monetary damages. Dumas alleged that station management had induced him to resign gainful employment at a New Mexico radio station to take a job which was offered but then never materialized.

title: WUSN