text:
Talk:Charles Babbage Institute

Group Decision Support Systems (GDSS)
Excerpt ... thinkLets(cc): In the area of information processing, DARPA made great strides, initially through the development of time-sharing (all modern operating systems are descendants of the Multics system, which resulted from the work started by DARPA in this area), and later through the evolution of the ARPANET (a telecommunications network and precursor to the Internet), and research in the artificial intelligence (AI) fields of speech recognition and signal processing.

DARPA also funded the development of NLS and the Aspen Movie Map, which was probably the first hypermedia system and an important precursor of virtual reality.

From 1976-1981, DARPA's major thrusts were dominated by air, land, sea, and space technology, such as follow-on forces attack with standoff weapons and associated Command, Control, and Communications; tactical armor and anti-armor programs; infrared remote sensing for space-based surveillance; high-energy laser technology for space-based missile defense; antisubmarine warfare systems; advanced cruise missiles; advanced aircraft; and defense applications of advanced computing ...

Also see:
 * CDC 1604

Note: Contact CBI's current staff to verify and validate (V&V) this article's content and to provide primary source references. RJBurkhart 10:40, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

World Wide View?
Why was this article tagged for needed a more "world wide" viewpoint? The subject of the article is one organization that exists in Minnesota. What larger international viewpoint is there? MK2 22:13, 10 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Maybe they thought, given Babbage's nationality, that "center" should be spelled "centre"? I agree, this tag should be justified or removed. Robert K S 14:18, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

Removing memetics category
I am removing the memetics category from this article since you learn no more about the article's contents from the category and v.v. Since so many things may be memes we should try to keep the category closely defined in order to remain useful. Hope you're okay with that. The link to meme would be enough I suggest. Facius 11:10, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Charles Babbage Institute


text:
Erich Fellgiebel

Fritz Erich Fellgiebel (4 October 1886 – 4 September 1944) was a German Army general of signals and a resistance fighter, participating in both the 1938 September Conspiracy to topple dictator Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party, and the 1944 20 July plot to assassinate the Fuhrer. In 1929, Fellgiebel became head of the cipher bureau (Chiffrierstelle) of the Ministry of the Reichswehr, which would later become the OKW/Chi. He was a signals specialist and was instrumental in introducing a common enciphering machine, the Enigma machine. However, he was unsuccessful in promoting a single cipher agency to coordinate all operations, as was demanded by OKW/Chi and was still blocked by Joachim von Ribbentrop, Heinrich Himmler and Hermann Göring until autumn 1943. It was not achieved until General Albert Praun took over the post following Fellgiebel's arrest and execution for his role in the 20 July attempted coup.

Military career
Fellgiebel was born in Pöpelwitz (Present-day Popowice in Wrocław, Poland) in the Prussian Province of Silesia. At the age of 18, he joined a signals battalion in the Prussian Army as an officer cadet. During the First World War, he served as a captain on the General Staff. After the war, he was assigned to Berlin as a General Staff officer of the Reichswehr. His service had been exemplary, and in 1928 he was promoted to the rank of major.

Fellgiebel was promoted lieutenant colonel in 1933 and became a full colonel (Oberst) the following year. By 1938, he was a major general. That year, he was appointed Chief of the Army's Signal Establishment and Chief of the Wehrmacht's communications liaison to the Supreme Command (OKW). Fellgiebel became General der Nachrichtentruppe (General of the Communications Troops) on 1 August 1940.

In 1942, Fellgiebel was promoted to Chief Signal Officer of Army High Command and of Supreme Command of Armed Forces (Chef des Heeresnachrichtenwesens), a position he held until 1944 when he was arrested and executed for his key role in the 20 July plot to assassinate Hitler.

Adolf Hitler did not fully trust Fellgiebel; Hitler considered him too independent-minded, but Hitler needed Fellgiebel's expertise. Fellgiebel was one of the first to understand that the German military should adopt and use the Enigma encryption machine. As head of Hitler's signal services, Fellgiebel knew every military secret, including Wernher von Braun's rocketry work at the Peenemünde Army Research Center.

Resistance activities
Through his acquaintance with Colonel General Ludwig Beck, his superior, and then Beck's successor, Colonel-General Franz Halder, Fellgiebel contacted the anti-Nazi resistance group in the Wehrmacht armed forces. In the 1938 September Conspiracy to topple Hitler and the Nazi party on the eve of the Munich Agreement, he was supposed to cut communications throughout Germany while Field Marshal Erwin von Witzleben would occupy Berlin.

He was a key source for the Red Orchestra. Fellgiebel released classified German military information to Rudolf Roessler (codename "Lucy" of the Lucy spy ring) about Operation Citadel which allowed Soviet forces to deploy effectively.

Fellgiebel was involved in the preparations for Operation Valkyrie and during the attempt on the Führer's life on 20 July 1944 tried to cut Hitler's headquarters at the Wolf's Lair in East Prussia off from all telecommunication connections. He only partly succeeded, as he could not prevent the informing of Joseph Goebbels in Berlin via separate SS links. When it became clear that the attempt had failed, Fellgiebel had to override the communications black-out he had set up. Fellgiebel's most famous act that day was his telephone report to his co-conspirator General Fritz Thiele at the Bendlerblock, after he was informed that Hitler was still alive: "Etwas Furchtbares ist passiert! Der Führer lebt!" ("Something awful has happened! The Führer lives!").

Fellgiebel was arrested immediately at the Wolf's Lair and tortured for three weeks but did not reveal any names of his co-conspirators. He was charged before the Volksgerichtshof ("People's Court"). On 10 August 1944, he was found guilty by Roland Freisler and sentenced to death. He was executed on 4 September 1944 at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin.

Memorials
The Bundeswehr's barracks, Information Technology School of the Bundeswehr ("Schule Informationstechnik der Bundeswehr") in Pöcking, is named the General-Fellgiebel-Kaserne in his honour.

Awards and decorations

 * Iron Cross of 1914, 1st and 2nd class
 * Clasp to the Iron Cross, 1st and 2nd class
 * Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918
 * Ottoman War Medal (Turkish: Harp Madalyası, "Gallipoli Star" or "Iron Crescent ")
 * Military Merit Order, 4th class with Swords (Bavaria)
 * Military Merit Cross, 3rd class with War Decoration (Austria-Hungary)
 * Officer's Cross of the Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)

Literature

 * Brown, Anthony Cave, Bodyguard of Lies, Harper & Row, 1975.
 * Macksey, Kenneth: Without Enigma: the Ultra & Fellgiebel riddles. Shepperton: Allan, 2000. – ISBN 0-7110-2766-8.
 * Stahlberg, Alexander, Bounden Duty: The Memoirs of a German Officer 1932-45, 1990.
 * Wildhagen, Karl Heinz (Hrsg.): Erich Fellgiebel, Meister operativer Nachrichtenverbindungen. – Wenningsen: Selbstverl., 1970.

title: Erich Fellgiebel


text:
Talk:Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation

Australian Synchrotron
The Australian Synchrotron, now operated by ANSTO, deserves a mention... I'll get to it when I can, but help appreciated. Andrewa (talk) 04:21, 21 February 2019 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Alkalinity

Inputs by non-oceanography people
I'm wondering if there is someone with a non-oceanography perspective on alkalinity who could contribute to this article - or is alkalinity purely a seawater issue ? Also, my contributions are pretty technical - it wouldd be nice if someone had some 'real world' experience to help relate alkalinty to the average readers. (Cheers, Piyrwq 04:08, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Various comments
Hello,

No, alkalinity is more general, also very important for porewater chemistry and hydrochemistry of aquifers. You need to know it for controlling your electrical charge balance and for geochemical calculations.

It could be worth to develop titration techniques such as '''Grant asdfasdfasdfsfasdfsadfasfsdfsdf

In a hvac system for a building, why test for m alkalinity. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.52.179.197 (talk) 20:30, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

What is the tolerable level of alkalinity of drinking water,how many ppm's? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.100.238.232 (talk) 22:16, 26 July 2009 (UTC) thanks i missed a question on my test bc this told me wrong. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.122.73.95 (talk) 19:43, 6 October 2010 (UTC)

I came to this looking for information on "total alkilinity" versus simple pH in the context of hot tubs (spas). Yup, more general info would help.

Also, I don't understand "Alkalinity is typically reported as mg/L as CaCO3." Maybe "Alkalinity is typically reported as mg/L of CaCO3." I don't know enough to change it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jo3sampl (talk • contribs) 17:54, 28 November 2010 (UTC)  -- Looked it up; making the change.

Definition
This article is nearly incomprehensible to a non-scientist. The New Scientist article here defines alkaline as proton-poor if I am reading it correctly. Is this correct and might it be a helpful way of making it easier to understand? Dudley Miles (talk) 15:25, 30 June 2012 (UTC)

I don't agree. It's incomprehensible even to scientists. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mbrennwa (talk • contribs) 07:50, 29 August 2012 (UTC)

This is remains a truly terrible article. "Quoting from page 52, ...." (in the simplified summary...) What is being quoted? The whole article is predomantly gibberish and requires serious rework. — Preceding unsigned comment added by A2800276 (talk • contribs) 06:32, 2 March 2016 (UTC)

Want to download books Hibopydhj (talk) 05:08, 14 April 2016 (UTC)

I do agree. As a scientist the article is TERRIBLY written for both non-scientist (poor writing) and scientist (completely astray from topic 1/2 the time, and using terminology incorrectly). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:8806:400:51F0:60EC:E90F:276E:96EC (talk) 22:57, 11 November 2017 (UTC)

Quantity?
What does "The alkalinity is equal to the stoichiometric sum of the bases in solution." mean? What numbers are in the sum? Concentrations of the bases? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Mbrennwa (talk • contribs) 07:48, 29 August 2012 (UTC)

Effects on aquatic life
Alkalinity of water is a determining factor of what kind of life will be found in different aquatic ecosystems. It is extremely important for fish, bottom feeders, frogs and most other aquatic life in that, it protects them by serving as a buffer to changes in the water pH level s. The most optimal pH levels for aquatic life is between 6.0 to 9.0. If it falls bellow that range the aquatic species that are not ready for the rapid change in pH will take heavy casualties or even disappear entirely. Alkalinity of higher percentages in surface water serves as a buffer to acid rain or discharges from other acidic sources. They also prevent rapid changes that can be harmful to aquatic life. Ljm186 (talk) 19:24, 3 February 2018 (UTC)louis ljm186

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Oceanic alkalinity section?
I was surprised to find such a long section on ocean alkalinity here. Is it good? Is it requiring updating (and linking with ocean acidification as well as ocean)? I am a little bit suspicious because I see with the tool "Who wrote that" that the entire section was added in one go here in 2011 by a Wikipedian who made no other edits than that one. So perhaps someone who knows about this topic could take a look and see if it's any good or if it needs updating? E.g User:ASRASR and User:Epipelagic. EMsmile (talk) 13:57, 10 January 2023 (UTC)

 * In my estimation, the scope and citations of that section are very good. More detail, better linking, and better explanations of jargon would be helpful.  The citations, though sparse and unnecessarily repetitive, include several seminal papers in the field and many of the most important TA researchers.  Whoever Kzab was, they knew what they were talking about. I'll see if I can put a bit of work into it. OHClNaMg (talk) 18:43, 10 January 2023 (UTC)
 * I've shown this article to an ocean chemistry expert called Tim Jickells. Here is his feedback: "The alkalinity article you highlighted looks pretty good and accurate but seems to be written from a freshwater perspective mainly. In freshwaters, particularly those on non- limestone terrains, alkalinities are low and involve a lot of ions. In the ocean alkalinity is completely dominated by carbonate and bicarbonate plus a small contribution from borate. In the alkalinity article the ocean section seems like a bit of an add on and to be a bit vague. A link to the ocean, ocean acidification and effects of climate change on the ocean articles would probably be sensible, although the route of ocean to climate change to ocean acidification articles is a bit long winded."
 * With that feedback in mind, I've just made a few changes now. I felt that a section title called "oceanic alkalinity" doesn't really work well as seawater is also mentioned in other places of the article. Also, we don't have an equivalent section on "freshwater alkalinity". So I have changed it to "changes in oceanic alkalinity" which is what I think it's about. I've also shortened it a bit. Tim has also sent me content about ocean alkalinity that should be added to ocean and/or to ocean acidification. Once that's done I will also link to there from here. EMsmile (talk) 15:48, 28 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Thank you for reaching out to Dr. Jickells. I know his work and appreciate his input. I look forward to contributing to an improved Alkalinity article with the structure you've put forward. OHClNaMg (talk) 15:48, 29 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Hi OHClNaMg, I got some replies and inputs from Tim Jickells last month and have been updating various articles (namely alkalinity, ocean, sea, seawater, pH) accordingly with pH and alkalinity information. Could you check if you think this now all fits quite well together? In particular the section "changes in oceanic alkalinity" in the alkalinity article compared to the "alkalinity" section in the ocean article? There is a little bit of duplication but hopefully not too much. Do you think it now works well like this or do we need to streamline it further? EMsmile (talk) 14:04, 4 May 2023 (UTC)

Need help confirming a proposed rewording is correct
From the 2nd paragraph "In freshwater, particularly those on non-limestone terrains, alkalinities are low and involve a lot of ions." I think this means that what alkalinity there is due to small quantities of a wide variety of ion types. Is that correct? I think it is easy to misinterpret 'a lot of ions' as meaning 'a high concentration of ions'. Please comment whether this agrees with your understanding. Ike9898 (talk) 14:02, 5 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alkalinity


text:
Alejandro Escovedo

Pedro Alejandro Escovedo (born January 10, 1951) is an American rock musician, songwriter, and singer, who has been recording and touring since the late 1970s. His primary instrument is the guitar. He has played in various rock genres, including punk rock, roots rock and alternative country, and is most closely associated with the music scene in Austin, Texas but also San Francisco and New York. He comes from a family of musicians.

Early life
The son of Mexican immigrants to Texas, Escovedo is from a family that includes several professional musicians, including his brothers (and percussionists) Coke Escovedo and Pete Escovedo, and Sheila E. (Pete's daughter and Alejandro's niece). Alejandro's brother Mario fronted the hard rock band the Dragons, and another brother, Javier Escovedo, was in the punk rock band the Zeros.

Career
Escovedo began performing in the first-wave punk rock group the Nuns, with Jennifer Miro and Jeff Olener, in San Francisco, California. He moved to New York in 1978 and joined the Judy Nylon band. Escovedo lived in the Chelsea Hotel. In the 1980s Escovedo moved to Austin, Texas, where he adopted a roots rock/alternative country style in the band Rank and File (with Chip and Tony Kinman) and then started True Believers (with his brother Javier, Jon Dee Graham and the bass player Denny DeGorio).

Escovedo's first solo albums, Gravity and Thirteen Years, were released in 1992 and 1994, respectively. In 1997, Escovedo collaborated with Ryan Adams and the band Whiskeytown in recording sessions for their album Strangers Almanac. He sings on "Excuse Me While I Break My Own Heart Tonight", "Dancing with the Women at the Bar", and "Not Home Anymore". Whiskeytown also covered the True Believers song, "The Rain Won't Help You When It's Over," written by Escovedo, on the re-released Strangers Almanac (deluxe edition).

In 1998 No Depression magazine named him Artist of the Decade. Escovedo was also involved in a side project with Buick MacKane, who released the album The Pawn Shop Years in 1997. In 1999, Escovedo contributed to a tribute album to Skip Spence, a co-founder of Moby Grape. The album, More Oar: A Tribute to the Skip Spence Album (Birdman Records, 1999), was intended to raise funds to address Spence's medical bills from cancer. On More Oar, Escovedo performed a rendition Spence's "Diana". The critic Rob Brunner commented, "The best contributions come from artists who realize that Spence's work is as much about atmosphere as words and chords. ...Alejandro Escovedo offers an appropriately bleary 'Diana', Spence's darkest song."

The album Boxing Mirror came out on May 2, 2006, and included many of the songs he had promoted with the Alejandro Escovedo String Quintet. Escovedo went on a short tour with the Quintet, which included a date at Carnegie Hall's Zankel Hall in early December 2006. In April 2008, Escovedo changed managers, hiring managers Jon Landau and Barbara Carr. Later that year, he released Real Animal, produced by Tony Visconti and co-written with Chuck Prophet. In 2009, Escovedo was invited to contribute to a tribute album to the late Doug Sahm, recording a version of "Too Little Too Late" to Keep Your Soul: A Tribute to Doug Sahm (Vanguard Records).

In June 2010, Escovedo released Street Songs of Love, also produced by Visconti but released on a new label, featuring songs that were originally presented during "Sessions on South Congress" at the Continental Club in Austin, Texas with his band, The Sensitive Boys. According to Escovedo, the record “ended up being an album about different types of love, the pursuit of a feeling that is forever elusive, mysterious, and addictive.” A New York Times "critic's choice" review of Street Songs of Love stated, "In another, less fragmented pop era, this would be the album of thoughtful but radio-ready love songs to finally get Mr. Escovedo the big national audience he deserves." The album received airtime on radio shows such as Little Steven Van Zandt's Underground Garage, continuing to play the song "Silver Cloud" into the following year.

In 2014, Escovedo appeared in the movie and contributed to the soundtrack of the movie Veronica Mars, singing an acoustic version of "We Used to Be Friends". Also that year, he co-produced and co-hosted the SXSW Tribute to Lou Reed with Richard Barone.

In October 2016, Escovedo released the album Burn Something Beautiful, which had been recorded in April of that year in Portland, Oregon. In January 2017, he did a short tour supporting the album, backed by some of the members of The Minus Five Scott McCaughey, Peter Buck, Kurt Bloch and John Moen, all of whom had performed on the album. All songs on Burn Something Beautiful were written by Escovedo, McCaughey, and Buck.

Personal life
In 2003, after having lived with Hepatitis C for many years, Escovedo collapsed onstage in Arizona as a result of the disease. Escovedo lacked health insurance and several musicians performed benefit concerts to assist with his medical bills. They also released the album Por Vida: A Tribute to the Songs of Alejandro Escovedo. The proceeds of the two-disc set went to the Alejandro Escovedo Medical and Living Expense Fund. Contributing musicians included John Cale, Lucinda Williams, Ian Hunter, Jennifer Warnes, Steve Earle, the Jayhawks, Bob Neuwirth, Son Volt, and Escovedo's brother Pete Escovedo with Pete's daughter, Sheila E., Javier, and Mario (as a member of the Dragons).

In 2005, media reports on George W. Bush's iPod playlist included Escovedo's song "Castanets" In response, Escovedo announced that he would not play the song again as long it was on Bush's iPod or until he was out of office. After two years, as Bush was nearing the end of his term, Escovedo lifted the moratorium and began performing the song again.

Albums

 * Gravity (1992)
 * Thirteen Years (1993)
 * The End/Losing Your Touch (Maxi, 1994)
 * With These Hands (1996)
 * More Miles Than Money: Live 1994-1996 (1998)
 * Bourbonitis Blues (1999)
 * A Man Under the Influence (2001)
 * By the Hand of the Father (2002)
 * Room of Songs: Recorded live at the Cactus Cafe in Austin, TX on February 28 and March 1, 2005 (2005)
 * The Boxing Mirror (2006)
 * Real Animal (2008)
 * Live Animal: Live EP (2009)
 * Street Songs of Love  (2010)
 * Big Station (2012)
 * Burn Something Beautiful (2016)
 * The Crossing (2018)
 * La Cruzada : Record Store Day version Vinyl (2020) (Re-recording of 2018 album The Crossing, sung in Spanish with all liner notes translated to Spanish)
 * La Cruzada (2021) (Full release of CD and Vinyl)
 * Echo Dancing (2024)

Other contributions

 * More Oar: A Tribute to the Skip Spence Album (Birdman, 1999)
 * Hear Music Volume 7: Waking (2002, Hear Music) – "Wave"
 * 107.1 KGSR Radio Austin – Broadcasts Vol. 10 (2002) – "Ballad of the Sun & the Moon"
 * WYEP Live and Direct: Volume 4 – On Air Performances (2002) – "Rosalie"
 * Keep Your Soul: A Tribute to Doug Sahm (Vanguard, 2009)
 * Metro: The Official Bootleg Series, Volume 1 2010
 * Uncut Starman - A Tribute CD featuring various artists covering 18 songs of David Bowie (Uncut Magazine, 2003) - "All The Young Dudes"
 * You Don't Know Me - Rediscovering Eddy Arnold (Plowboy Records, 2013)- "It's A Sin"

Awards

 * AMA Lifetime Achievement Award for Performing, 2006
 * 37th annual Austin Music Awards Townes Van Zandt Songwriting Award, 2019
 * A2IM Libera Awards Independent Icon, 2020
 * Austin City Limits Hall of Fame Inductee, 2021

title: Alejandro Escovedo


text:
Talk:The Ballad of Bilbo Baggins

Untitled
Also, doesn't it look like "Say Shhh..." the first song on Minnesota public radio? Its confusing, and if it is actually true, why is it on this entry?

One dancer looks like Adele Yoshioka - one of Laugh-in's Burbank Beauties. - Sparky 06:48, 17 March 2006 (UTC)

How could this be one of the worst songs of all time? - Centrx 22:52, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Jeeesus... make it stop!

Wait a second, 'in the land of the ice and snow' doesn't appear in this song. I just listened to it all the way through!

This song sounds very similar to "The Ballad of Davey Crockett." http://sg1.allmusic.com/cg/smp.dll?link=7cnpxtwp9u2inmfgkub9zvy&z=MP3&r=20.asx —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.191.141.164 (talk) 23:42, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

Performed before release?
It's interesting that Nimoy would perform the song on Malibu U a year before it was actually released (though I guess such delays aren't unheard of). Can anyone confirm that the record was actually released in 1968 and not 1967 to correspond with the televised version? Being uncomfortably familiar with the song, it's obvious the TV and record versions are the same recording (although the Malibu U one is edited down somewhat). 23skidoo 03:31, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

Performed on a beach
Doesn't look like a beach to me. Looks more like the Vasquez Rocks park.Sir Rhosis (talk) 12:19, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

Erin Gray
Apparently Erin Gray was one of the dancers in this "video," having worked on Malibu U. I'm not sure where this has been confirmed (IMDB indeed lists her as "Dancer" in several episodes, #2 included, which is the episode in which The Ballad of Bilbo Baggins was performed) but if anyone finds a reference for that, it seems notable enough to go in the article. If IMDB is a reliable enough source I can add it into the article. I've never edited a Wiki page in my life though so I'll err on the side of caution and hopefully someone else will confirm it and add it. 70.162.128.157 (talk) 18:50, 20 December 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Ballad of Bilbo Baggins


text:
User:Buff~enwiki

Buff is very buff. he is really realy buff, i can't believe he's so buff. he is definetly buff, buff buff.

title: User:Buff~enwiki


text: User:Fogger~enwiki

title: User:Fogger~enwiki


text: User talk:70.21.20.105

title: User talk:70.21.20.105


text:
Talk:Shazna

whatever, this is just someone's opinion
"but few have managed to do it as convincingly as he has, except for Mana" Whatever. :/

 * If it is just someone's opinion, remove it. If someone puts it back, remove it again, demanding a source. Personal opinions are not allowed on Wikipedia. -- Goodraise (talk) 01:06, 16 November 2008 (UTC)

Minor mistakes, translations?
1) The bassist went by the name of NIY. It says otherwise in the bio where they were originally formed. Is that just a typo or was that the name of their very first bassist before NIY joined?

2) What's with the translations? I don't see any translated titles of releases on BAISER's wiki or any other visual kei bands' wikis, so why should this one have translated release titles? ("Violet September Love" and Sumire/すみれSeptember Love, "Lover" and Koibito/恋人, etc.) As far as I know, romaji titles don't conflict with Wikipedia's standards. Arashi nightmare (talk) 10:36, 15 September 2012 (UTC)
 * The bassist's name thing seems to have just been a mistake. In such a case WP:Be Bold.

 * As for using the romaji, see Template:Nihongo. If you know how to determine 'proper' Hepburn romanizations, feel free to add them after the Japanese kanji in the templates used in the discography. Xfansd (talk) 17:02, 15 September 2012 (UTC)

Adding this in here, modified Kaga to Natsume as the translation was wrong. She along with Raychell are in the BanG Dream! group Raise A Suilen as well.--LynxRaide (talk) 03:54, 4 September 2019 (UTC)

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Block programming

Block programming (also known as a strand in British broadcasting) is the arrangement of programs on radio or television so that those of a particular genre, theme, or target audience are united.

Overview
Block programming involves scheduling a series of related shows which are likely to attract and hold a given audience for a long period of time. Notable examples of overt block programming were NBC's Thursday evening "Must See TV" lineup, which included two hours of sitcoms and one hour of ER, and Channel 4's "T4" program which often ran sitcoms back-to-back for an hour or more. Reruns on cable television are often assembled into similar blocks to fill several hours of generally little-watched daytime periods. A particularly long program block, especially one that does not air on a regular schedule, is known as a marathon.

Block programming in radio also refers to programming content that appeals to various demographics in time blocks, usually corresponding to the top or bottom of the hour or the quarter-hour periods. For example, various musical genres might be featured, such as a country music hour, a three-hour afternoon block of jazz, or a four-hour Saturday night '70s disco show.

Generally speaking, block programming is anathema to modern competitive commercial radio, which traditionally uses uniform formats, other than a handful of speciality shows in off-peak hours such as weekends (for instance, the infamous beaver hours in Canadian radio). The general rationale for not using block programming is that listeners expect a certain type of music when they tune into a radio station and breaking from that format will turn those listeners away from the station; likewise, a station that airs its programming in hodgepodge blocks will have difficulty building listener loyalty, as listeners' music will only be on for a few hours of the day. This argument for homogenized radio was also a driving force behind the effective death of freeform radio in the late 20th century. The case of talk radio is indicative of the decline of block programming: prior to the 1980s, it was not uncommon to mix various blocks of talk programming together on one station, but this has declined dramatically in the late 1990s and beyond. A listener to a conservative talk radio station will have little interest in a progressive talk radio, sports radio or hot talk block, which reaches a different demographic; stations that have attempted the block strategy have historically been unsuccessful. Block programming of this nature is alive and well on outlets like public radio (such as NPR, the BBC, or CBC) and in multicultural radio serving broad ethnic and cultural audiences, although even in this realm the idea of block programming is declining due to competition for donations.

Some programming blocks have become so popular that they have been transformed to full-fledged 24-hour channels. Current channels which started as program blocks include Disney Junior (which is still a program block on Disney Channel); the Nick Jr. Channel (based on the Nick Jr. block that still airs on Nickelodeon); Boomerang (which was once a program block on Cartoon Network); PBS Kids (which is still a program block on PBS) and MeTV Toons (which was once a programming block on MeTV). In addition, TV Land airs older shows that were once aired on sister channel Nickelodeon's Nick at Nite program block. Adult Swim is also a Cartoon Network Programming Block.

However, since the 2010s, new programming blocks have become rare due to airing programming in a regular format or with little or no brand reference within the programming block.

title: Block programming


text:
City Colleges of Chicago

The City Colleges of Chicago is the public community college system of the Chicago area. Its colleges offer associate degrees, certificates, free courses for the GED, and free English as a second language (ESL) courses.

The City Colleges system has its administrative offices in the Chicago Loop. As of 2021, the system has a yearly count of nearly 70,000 students and more than 4,000 faculty and staff members.

Juan Salgado is the City Colleges' chancellor since 2017.

History
Crane Junior College opened on September 11, 1911. The first class held by the college had 30 students. By 1929 the enrollment increased to 4,000 students, and Crane was the largest community college in the United States. As a result of the Great Depression, Crane closed. A public campaign against the closure involved nationally famous lawyer Clarence Darrow and several former students and faculty. Less than one year after Crane closed, the community college reopened with additional public and private support as Theodor Herzl Junior College (named in honor of the Jewish Zionist movement founder, Theodor Herzl). Later two new campuses of Herzl J.C. opened—Wilson Junior College established on the South Side, and Wright Junior College opened in northwestern Chicago. After the United States entered World War II, the U.S. military began using the junior colleges as training locations. After the war concluded, new students entered using the financial aid provided by the GI Bill of 1944.

The Junior College system in the post-war years opened Bogan Junior College in southwest Chicago, Fenger College, Southeast College, and Truman College (named for U.S. President Harry S Truman, 1884–1972), in the 1950s. Originally Truman was an evening program located at the city's Amundsen High School. Although it caused a lot of controversy, Wilson J.C. was later renamed Kennedy-King College in 1969 (following the 1968 assassinations, just weeks apart, of Robert F. Kennedy (1925–1968), and Martin Luther King Jr. (1929–1968)), and Herzl J.C. was closed as a college and became an elementary school, with a new Malcolm X College at a different site (for Malcolm X, 1925–1965). In the 1970s, the former Fenger and Southeast Colleges were consolidated and renamed into Olive-Harvey College.

In 1988, Nelvia M. Brady was appointed chancellor of the unified system and was the first African-American and the first female to serve as chancellor. Prior to her appointment, she served as a member of the board of trustees. When she stepped into the post the system was beset with problems including a demoralized staff and a troubled reputation. Her accomplishments include the initiation of new outreach, enrollment and tracking programs; major staff and purchasing practices reorganization; a program to bring Chicago Housing Authority residents into the colleges; the appointment of the first Hispanic Vice Chancellor; and the establishment of a comprehensive "Women Minority Business Program". She served until 1992.

In December 2017, the CCC's television station, WYCC, was purchased by and merged into WTTW, and ceased to exist after 34 years of operation. However, on April 23, 2018, WYCC demerged from WTTW and made a resurgence on the airwaves as an MHz Worldview-affiliated station.

After a strike was avoided in January 2019, later warning they would go on strike on February 4, 2019, over contract disagreements. On April 25, 2019, City Colleges of Chicago staff set a strike date.

Reinvention and College to Careers
In 2010, City Colleges of Chicago launched "Reinvention", an overhaul program/initiative designed to assess and recommend improvements to all City Colleges programs and operations. Its four goals are to increase the number of students earning degrees, increase the transfer rate to four-year institutions, improve outcomes for students needing remediation and increase the number of adult education and English as a second language students advancing to college-level courses.

The Chicago Tribune editorial board stated that College to Careers was a manner to address "a chronic mismatch between public education and what employers need" through aligning its each of its campuses with a specific job sector so that students can be prepared for specific careers upon graduation.

Launched in 2011 by Rahm Emanuel, Mayor of Chicago, College to Careers partners the colleges with industry leaders in high-growth fields to address the skills gap in Chicago's workforce. The initiative draws industry partners to work with faculty and staff in redesigning occupational program curricula and facilities to better match the needs of employers. College to Careers has initially focused on fast-growing industries in the Chicago region, including healthcare and transportation, distribution and logistics.

In 2012, it was announced that the City Colleges of Chicago are partnering with companies in the Chicago region to help write curriculum, teach, and place students in jobs. Recently established Richard J. Daley College (1902–1976, former Mayor of Chicago) is the system's center for advanced manufacturing. Kennedy-King College trains students for job openings in the culinary and hospitality industry, and Wilbur Wright College (1867–1912), trains students for jobs in the information technology field. Harry S Truman College focuses on education and human and natural sciences. Olive-Harvey College focuses on transportation and logistics, and Malcolm X College trains students for careers in the healthcare field. Harold Washington College functions as the center of business, entrepreneurship and professional services for all of the City Colleges of Chicago. According to EMSI, Economic Modeling Specialists Inc., these seven sectors are projected to provide more than 600,000 job openings in the Chicago metropolitan area over the next ten years.

In April 2013, delegates from the World Bank visited Mayor Rahm Emanuel and City Colleges of Chicago Chancellor Cheryl Hyman at Harold Washington College to learn more about how the colleges partner with industries in the college to careers program. The purpose of the initiative was to determine whether the program could be duplicated around the world.

Chicago Star Scholarship
Beginning in 2014, through the collaboration of Mayor Rahm Emanuel and Chancellor Cheryl Hyman, City Colleges of Chicago began offering qualifying students the Chicago Star Scholarship. Students who graduated from Chicago Public Schools, beginning in the Fall 2015 semester, could receive up to three years of classes at City Colleges of Chicago at no cost if they earned a high school GPA of 3.0, tested completion-ready in math and English, and enrolled in one of CCC's structured pathways.

By its second year, The Chicago Tribune reported the Star Scholarship program helped nearly 2,000 students attend college tuition free while posting strong fall-to-fall retention and GPAs. To help support these students' academic success after completing at CCC, the Chicago Star Scholarship program partnered with 15 four-year colleges and universities. Each of these partners committed to creating an opportunity that allows Star Scholars to continue their college education following a successful completion at CCC. These packages range in monetary value between $2,500 and nearly $50,000 each year, and include some of the top colleges in the state of Illinois, including; Columbia College, DePaul University, Dominican University, Governors State University, Illinois Institute of Technology, Loyola University, National Louis University, North Park University, Northeastern Illinois University, Northwestern University, Robert Morris University, the School at the Art Institute of Chicago, Roosevelt University, the University of Chicago, and the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Partnerships
The City Colleges of Chicago have more than 150 corporate partners who work with faculty and staff at six of the City Colleges to develop contemporary curriculum and train students for careers in high-demand and high-growth fields. The partners also exist to help students secure jobs after graduation.

The system has also partnered with Chicago Public Schools (CPS) to form the City Colleges of Chicago Dual Credit program in 60 high schools during the 2015–16 academic year. The program allows high school students to earn both high school and college credit and gain advanced math or English skills. CPS students also have the option to enroll in City Colleges' dual enrollment program, which offers them the opportunity to take college-level courses at CCC campuses. In the Spring of 2013, 500 students are expected to enroll in the Dual Credit program—double the number of students enrolled in the Spring of 2012. By 2016, CCC offered 3,100 seats annually for Dual Enrollment students.

Outcomes
Since the launch of Reinvention, City Colleges has seen a marked improvement in student success outcomes. As of Fiscal Year 2015, City Colleges has more than doubled the graduation rate and degree awards, increased its credit enrollment, and nearly tripled the number of students who progress from adult education programs, like GED or ESL learning, into credit-earning college classes. All of these improvement were made while maintaining a balanced budget, saving $70 million and undertaking a $500 million capital plan.

In November 2017, news stories broke that these improvements were largely an "illusion", and that for over 10 years, City Colleges had violated its own standard as to what constitutes a degree, watered-down its curriculum, manipulated statistics, and issued thousands of degrees to current and former students who neither requested them or wanted them. During this time, enrollment sharply decreased, while the number of degrees issued more than doubled. The most sensational accusation, reported by several media outlets, was that in 2015, City Colleges adopted a program where degrees were issued to deceased students who had accumulated three-quarters of the credits necessary for graduation, further artificially inflating the graduation rate; Chancellor Cheryl Hyman writes that a total of only six such degrees were awarded, as memorials to the students who had lost their lives, and these six were not included in calculation of graduation rates.

Governance
Officially named Community College District No. 508, CCC is a separate ("sister") agency of the city of Chicago. Its governing body is a board of trustees appointed by the mayor of Chicago and approved by the City Council of Chicago.

In 1976 the trustees of the college system established a residency requirement, requiring employees to live within the city limits of Chicago. Current employees were told that they were required to move to Chicago before July 1, 1980. Employees who did not make the move would face dismissal from their jobs.

Accreditation
Each of the seven institutions within the City College of Chicago system is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission.

Facilities and locations
The system has seven colleges and five satellite sites all across the city of Chicago. Satellite sites include facilities that host GED preparation classes, English as a second language (ESL) classes and more.

The seven colleges are:
 * Richard J. Daley College
 * Kennedy-King College
 * Malcolm X College
 * Olive-Harvey College
 * Harry S Truman College
 * Harold Washington College
 * Wilbur Wright College

The five satellite sites are:
 * Dawson Technical Institute
 * West Side Learning Center
 * South Chicago Learning Center
 * Arturo Velasquez Institute
 * Humboldt Park Vocational Education Center

Notable alumnus

 * Girod Jackson, III, former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for Jefferson Parish, Louisiana

title: City Colleges of Chicago


text:
Posh Boy Records

Posh Boy Records is a Hollywood, California-based record label owned by the American-born, British-educated Robbie "Posh Boy" Fields, a sometime high school substitute teacher and former copy boy at the Los Angeles Times who took an interest in the emerging punk rock scene in Orange County, California during the late 1970s.

The label's releases enjoyed substantial airplay on Rodney Bingenheimer's show on KROQ-FM, and some of them, notably the Fields-produced version of "Amoeba" by the Adolescents and the Stephen Hague-produced electronic rock track "Are You Ready for the Sex Girls" by the Sparks offshoot the Gleaming Spires, made it into regular programming on the station.

Social Distortion was one of many bands whose first recordings were issued by Posh Boy. One of the label's most successful releases was Agent Orange's debut, Living in Darkness, containing "Bloodstains", an extreme sports anthem covered by many alternative rock groups (the most notable being the Offspring in 2000 on the Ready to Rumble film soundtrack).

Since 1999, expatriate and now known as Posh Boy Music, the label continued releasing music into the 2020s, the last vinyl release being a 7" by the Willowz of Anaheim, California in 2003. Subsequently, the label transitioned to being digital only with over 700 recordings released digitally, and to sublicense vinyl, compact disc and audio cassette rights to other labels, notably Radiation Records (Italy).

More recently, the label entered into a licensing agreement with Netflix for use of its extensive back catalog. Stranger Things 2 has used music by Posh Boy acts Channel 3 and Ill Repute. Channel 3 were also featured in the inaugural season of White Famous on Showtime.

During the COVID lockdown, post 2020, the label pivoted to concentrate on non punk music with an emphasis on chamber music working with such leading musicians as composer Gene Pritsker, Some Nicholson, the painter David Nicholson, classical guitarist Warren Nicholson, violist Paul Cortese, singer Chanda Rule amongst others. Recent pop music signings include Scottish band The Moon Kids., Phil Proietti and Keysha Veen who scored a bona fide hit on SiriusXM's Velvet Channel with "You Saved My World". Alternative releases include Channel 3, Professor and the Madman, Santa Barbara's The Tearaways and 1980s' comedy icon Nigel Planer.

Early Releases
The label released the following records:

title: Posh Boy Records


text:
Talk:G4 Media (TV company)

Final status
The fate of G4 Media with the shutdown of G4's network is unknown. The article should not speculate on what might happen to G4 Media or how its owners may (or may not) choose to wrap it up. 75.17.124.173 (talk) 05:37, 2 January 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:G4 Media (TV company)


text: Talk:Stephen Bungay

title: Talk:Stephen Bungay


text:
Talk:Asteroid impact avoidance

Asteroid impact prediction
The Asteroid impact prediction article has just moved from Draft to the main article space. Reviewers suggested that I should add some of the text from the Asteroid impact prediction article to this one (I have linked the Asteroid impact prediction article to this one already). Looking at the avoidance article it seems that it already contains some text on impact prediction, but is not currently identified as such. I.e. the avoidance article does not currently differentiate between the two separate stages of 1. predicting an impact, followed by 2. taking action to prevent the impact from happening.

I can see from comments in the avoidance article that there are some issues with the existing prediction text in that it is now quite out of date. Conveniently the new prediction article is lacking information on the history of impact prediction and could do with some of the text currently in the avoidance article. Can I suggest that we separate out the prediction text in the avoidance article to make it clear it is about prediction (adding a main article link), and then the bulk of the avoidance article can focus on the actual avoidance, which is a separate topic? Correspondingly an "Aftermath" section can be added to the prediction article detailing the options in the event of a predicted impact, which depending on the severity will include avoidance. Rafflesgluft (talk) 14:51, 25 August 2018 (UTC)

 * It's been a couple of months, and no objections or comments during that time, so I soon plan to start 1. copying the asteroid impact prediction text into the Asteroid impact prediction article, and then 2. removing it from this article, with an ultimate aim to leave this article focused on impact avoidance and the prediction article on prediction. Any last minute comments or objections, please shout up, otherwise I will go ahead under the assumption any interested parties are in agreement. Thanks Rafflesgluft (talk) 11:51, 29 October 2018 (UTC)

It's now three months so I have begun work:
 * copied Impact probability calculation pattern Rafflesgluft (talk) 17:28, 24 November 2018 (UTC)
 * copied (and edited) history and deep impact Rafflesgluft (talk) 19:00, 24 November 2018 (UTC)

2019 PDC
Anything about 2019 PDC, which was part of a NASA simulation? --136.8.33.70 (talk) 10:25, 6 May 2019 (UTC)
 * I think it's just the latest of a biennial tabletop simulation series by IAA with minor NASA support, of which Talk:2013 PDC-E seems to be the first. So, one article for the whole series ought to be enough. Jim.henderson (talk) 22:23, 9 May 2019 (UTC)

Asteroid impact avoidance in solar system
This article currently focuses a lot on avoiding asteroid impact on earth. However, avoiding asteroid impact on other planets in the solar system seems just as important. The idea is that if another planet is hit by a large enough asteroid to pull it out of orbit, those altered pull/repel forces of those planets may also alter the orbit of the earth, as it is kept in balance by their pull/repel forces. Chance of that happening seems way higher then just the chance of the earth itself being hit by a (large) asteroid.

Can the article mention this ?

Also, are there any plans on setting up "asteroid detection stations" at the moon or other planets to increase time between warning and actual impact (assuming such an event would actually happen within the next few hundred years or so).

Another thing I'm thinking of is that the creation of a lunar base could (in the future) also help in improving the capability of deflecting asteroids which could potentially impact earth or other nearby planets in the solar system, as the launch of missiles or crafts that can alter the asteroid trajectory will be easier (and they may get much more kinetic energy, due to absence air resistance at launch). --Genetics4good (talk) 17:00, 4 June 2021 (UTC)

 * Any asteroid large enough to notably change a planet's orbit would already be discovered. Asteroid impacts on other planets are basically academic and not a concern so NASA does not really have a public list. There is almost a zero chance of Earth being hit by any asteroid larger than 1 km in the next 100 years. Setting up a satellite closer to the Sun would help detect asteroid's interior to Earth's orbit such as the Atira asteroids. -- Kheider (talk) 23:57, 4 June 2021 (UTC)
 * a 1-km asteroid is huge, so that's not saying very much. A 500-m asteroid hit would be catastrophic. Certainly, the idea of another planet being hit by an asteroid big enough to perturb it sufficiently to affect the earth's orbit is pretty absurd. There are far more important things for Genetics4good to worry about.

Wiki Education assignment: Cold War Science
— Assignment last updated by Landon 7 (talk) 20:34, 25 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Asteroid impact avoidance


text:
Talk:Musa Hitam

Copyright problem removed
One or more portions of this article duplicated other source(s). The material was copied from: Infringing material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Elen of the Roads (talk) 21:49, 26 April 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Musa Hitam


text:
Tent-pole (entertainment)

In television and motion pictures, a tent-pole or tentpole is a program or film that supports the financial performance of a film studio, television network, or cinema chain. It is an analogy for the way a strong central pole provides a stable structure to a tent. A tent-pole film may be expected to support the sale of tie-in merchandise.

Types
In the film industry, tent-poles are sometimes widely released initial offerings in a string of releases and are expected by studios to turn a profit in a short period of time. Such programming is often accompanied by larger budgets and heavy promotion. A tentpole movie, for example, is a film that is expected to support a wide range of ancillary tie-in products such as toys and games.

Examples
An example of this strategy in television is to schedule a popular television program alongside new or unknown programming, in an attempt to keep audience viewers watching after the flagship program is over; a prominent example is the long-running Star Trek series. A related concept is the hammock: if a network has two tent-pole series, it can boost the performance of a weak or emerging show by inserting it in the schedule between the two tent-poles.

title: Tent-pole (entertainment)


text:
Talk:Bowness, Calgary

Social Issues
I'm unaware of any social issues in Bowness, I live here. I'm not sure where this image comes from... Fair enogh, I went to Bowness High School, and made it out alive.
 * Like it or not, Bowness definitely has this reputation. Talk to any Calgarian. I have been aware of this reputation for as long as I can remember. In fact, at one point, I was debating moving there, and a police officer informed me that it would be a bad idea. HOWEVER, just because it has this reputation DOES NOT mean it's deserved. It is a fact that there is a higher occurrance of drug problems and other petty crime in PARTS of Bowness. Bowness High School also has a bad reputation for being "rough around the edges". I do not subscribe to all of these beliefs myself. Bowness is a far more diverse community than most, and I think that is a good thing. Unfortunately, diversity (all kinds) often leads to social tension in our society. Crime stats from the CPS are telling when you compare them to communities with similar populations. Bowness's crime rate is within the top 7 of Calgary's neighbourhoods (out of over 100) exceeded only by some downtown and NE neighbourhoods. Population stats by neighbourhood can be found here . - Tyson2k 07:56, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The last information regarding crime is, in fact, not entirely correct. While Bowness ranks higher in some areas, in terms of actual offenses, it is not in the top 7 overall except for Mischief and Theft from Vehicle. If you look at the Calgary Police Crime Statistics for July 2009 - June 2010, you will see that of 242 reporting areas, Bowness ranked 9th for Assault, 29th for Break and Enter (House), 51st for Break and Enter (Other), 13th for Break and Enter (Shop), 52nd for Commercial Robbery, 3rd for Mischief, 39th for Street Robbery, 5th for Theft from Vehicle, and 12th for Theft of Vehicle. In fact, some popular neighbourhoods like Hillhurst and Crescent Heights rank higher in House Break and Enters. Granted, one can manipulate statistics to present many different views. As a criminologist by training, I fully understand that there are many factors that go into the overall dynamic of a community. My recent edits to the Bowness page are in an effort to add to information presented and correct some minor errors. For example, diversity alone does not cause socioeconomic problems, however, when combined with other variables, problems can arise. Likewise, being autonomous prior to amalgamation with Calgary did not, in itself lead to social issues. Other contributing factors such as housing development trends and government policy prior to and following amalgamation likely had the largest impact on generating socioeconomic risk factors in the community. As time permits, I look forward to continuing to add to the knowledge base. Thanks Awesomefungoodtimes (talk) 16:43, 20 August 2010 (UTC)

Proposed split
A split of this article has been proposed into separate articles for the current neighbourhood (Bowness, Calgary) and the former town (Bowness, Alberta). Instead of commenting below, please review and submit your comments at this discussion thread. Cheers, Hwy43 (talk) 07:35, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Bowness, Calgary


text:
Kelmė District Municipality

Kelmė District Municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania, located in western part of Lithuania.

Elderships
Kelmė District Municipality is divided into 11 elderships:

title: Kelmė District Municipality


text:
Counter-recruitment

Counter-recruitment refers to activity opposing military recruitment, in some or all of its forms. Among the methods used are research, consciousness-raising, political advocacy and direct action. Most such activity is a response to recruitment by state armed forces, but may also target intelligence agencies, private military companies, and non-state armed groups.

Rationale

The rationale for counter-recruitment activity may be based on any of the following reasons: See, for example, Women in the military and Sexual orientation and gender identity in military service. Armed forces spokespeople have defended the status quo by recourse to the following:
 * The view that war is immoral - see pacifism.
 * The view that some military organizations are a tool of imperialism - see anti-imperialism.
 * Evidence from Australia, Canada, France, the UK, and the US that abusive behaviour such as bullying, racism, sexism and sexual violence, and homophobia are common in military organizations.
 * Australia:
 * Canada:
 * France:
 * UK:
 * US:
 * UK:
 * US:
 * UK:
 * US:
 * US:
 * US:
 * Evidence from the UK and US that military training and employment lead to higher rates of mental health and behavioural problems than are usually found in civilian life, particularly after personnel have left the armed forces.
 * UK:
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * Evidence from Germany, Israel, the UK, and the US that recruiting practices sanitise war, glorify the role of military personnel, and obscure the risks and obligations of military employment, thereby misleading potential recruits, particularly adolescents from socio-economically deprived backgrounds. * Germany
 * Israel
 * UK
 * US
 * Evidence from Germany, the UK, and elsewhere that recruiters target, and capitalise on the precarious position of socio-economically deprived young people as potential recruits.* Germany
 * UK
 * US
 * Other
 * Brett, Rachel, and Irma Specht. Young Soldiers: Why They Choose to Fight. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004. ISBN 1-58826-261-8
 * The fact that some armed forces rely on children aged 16 or 17 to fill their ranks, and evidence from Australia, Israel, the UK and from the Vietnam era in the US that these youngest recruits are most likely to be adversely affected by the demands and risks of military life. * Australia
 * Israel
 * UK
 * US
 * Evidence from Germany, the UK, and elsewhere that recruiters target, and capitalise on the precarious position of socio-economically deprived young people as potential recruits.* Germany
 * UK
 * US
 * Other
 * Brett, Rachel, and Irma Specht. Young Soldiers: Why They Choose to Fight. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004. ISBN 1-58826-261-8
 * The fact that some armed forces rely on children aged 16 or 17 to fill their ranks, and evidence from Australia, Israel, the UK and from the Vietnam era in the US that these youngest recruits are most likely to be adversely affected by the demands and risks of military life. * Australia
 * Israel
 * UK
 * US
 * Other
 * Brett, Rachel, and Irma Specht. Young Soldiers: Why They Choose to Fight. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2004. ISBN 1-58826-261-8
 * The fact that some armed forces rely on children aged 16 or 17 to fill their ranks, and evidence from Australia, Israel, the UK and from the Vietnam era in the US that these youngest recruits are most likely to be adversely affected by the demands and risks of military life. * Australia
 * Israel
 * UK
 * US
 * Israel
 * UK
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * US
 * The view that military organizations provide a valuable public service.
 * Anecdotal evidence that military employment benefits young people.
 * The view that duty of care policies protect recruits from harm.

Activity
Examples of counter-recruitment activity are:
 * Research and analysis of military recruitment practices, and of the effects and outcomes of military employment.
 * Legal advocacy (aimed at changing legislation) and political advocacy (aimed at changing policy) to regulate or limit the scope of military recruitment.
 * Consciousness-raising to raise awareness and concern about military recruitment practices and the effects of military training and employment.
 * Providing information to potential recruits about the risks and obligations of enlistment, or discouraging enlistment.
 * Satirising the propagandistic glorification of military personnel.

In the United States
Counter-recruitment (which has long been a strategy of pacifist and other anti-war groups) received a boost in the United States with the unpopularity of the war in Iraq and brief recruitment difficulties of branches of the U.S. military, particularly the Army; although the Army has met, or exceeded, its recruitment goals year after year during that period. Beginning in early 2005, the U.S. counter-recruitment movement grew, particularly on high school and college campuses, where it is often led by students who see themselves as targeted for military service in a war they do not support.

Early history
The counter-recruitment movement was the successor to the anti-draft movement with the end of conscription in the United States in 1973, just after the end of the Vietnam War. The military increased its recruiting efforts, with the total number of recruiters, recruiting stations, and dollars spent on recruiting each more than doubling between 1971 and 1974. Anti-war and anti-draft activists responded with a number of initiatives, using tactics similar to those used by counter-recruiters today. Activists distributed leaflets to students, publicly debated recruiters, and used equal-access provisions to obtain space next to recruiters to dispute their claims. The American Friends Service Committee (A.F.S.C.) and the Central Committee for Conscientious Objectors (C.C.C.O.) began publishing counter-recruitment literature and attempting to coordinate the movement nationally. These organizations have been continuously involved in counter-recruitment to the present day.

High schools
Most counter-recruitment work in the U.S. is focused at the policy level of public school systems. This work is generally done by parents and grandparents of school-aged children, and the most common activity is information and advocacy with school officials (principals, school boards, etc.) and with the general population in their local school area. CR at the K12 level is categorically different from other movements, since most of the students are underaged minors and parents are their legal custodians and guardians, not the schools.

The most common policy goal is that the frequency of military recruiters' visits to public schools, their locations in schools, and their types of activities be controlled rather than unlimited. Many of the larger urban school districts have implemented such guidelines since 2001.

Other goals have included "truth in recruiting", that counselors or curriculum elements be implemented to address the deficiency in high school students' understanding of war and the military life, rather than allowing military recruiters to perform that role.

On high school campuses, counter-recruitment activists since 2001 have also focused around a provision of the No Child Left Behind Act, which requires that high schools provide contact and other information to the military for all of their students who do not opt out.

Counter-recruitment campaigns have attempted to change school policy to ban recruiters regardless of the loss of federal funds, to be active about informing students of their ability to opt out, and/or to allow counter-recruiters access to students equal to the access given to military recruiters. These political campaigns have had some success, particularly in the Los Angeles area, where one has been led by the Coalition Against Militarism in Our Schools, and the San Francisco Bay Area. A simpler and easier, though perhaps less effective, strategy by counter-recruiters has been to show up before or after the school day and provide students entering or exiting their school with opt-out forms, produced by the local school district or by a sympathetic national legal organization such as the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Lawyers Guild.

Organizations which have attempted to organize such campaigns on a national scale include A.F.S.C. and C.C.C.O., the Campus Antiwar Network (C.A.N.), and the War Resisters League. Code Pink, with the Ruckus Society, has sponsored training camps on counter-recruitment as well as producing informational literature for use by counter-recruiters. United for Peace and Justice has counter-recruitment as one of its seven issue-specific campaigns. Mennonite Central Committee is another resource on the subject. Some of these organizations focus on counter-recruitment in a specific sector, such as high schools or colleges, while the National network Opposing the Militarization of Youth, founded in 2004, deals with the larger issue of militarism as it affects young people and society.

In Canada
In response to the Canadian Forces' role as a member of the International Security Assistance Force in Afghanistan, an anti-war movement developed in Canada which has tried to utilize counter-recruitment as a part of its efforts. In particular, Operation Objection emerged as the umbrella counter-recruitment campaign in Canada. Operation Objection claimed to have active counter-recruitment operations in 8 to 10 Canadian cities. However, coordinated attempts at counter-recruitment activism in Canada have been fairly limited as of late, and for the most part, unsuccessful.

In the 2005–06 academic year at York University, the York Federation of Students, a federation representing ten of the university's student unions, clashed with a Canadian Forces recruiter forcibly removing the recruiter and the kiosk from the Student Center. York University maintains that the Canadian Forces have the same right to recruit as any other employer participating in career fairs on campus.

On October 25, 2007, an attempt by the student union at the University of Victoria to ban Canadian Forces from participating in career fairs on campus failed when the student body voted overwhelmingly in favour of allowing the Canadian military to participate in recruitment and career development activities available to students. Approximately 500 students, five times the usual attendance, appeared at the Annual General Meeting of the University of Victoria Students' Society (UVSS), and voted to defeat the motion proposed to stop the Canadian Forces from appearing on campus at career development events, with an estimated 25 votes in favour of the ban. Those voting against the ban argued that the ban was a restriction on freedom of choice and an infringement of students' free speech, that it went beyond the mandate of student government, and that student union executives should not be advocating policy that does not reflect the views of the fee-paying student body.

In November 2007, the Minister of Education for Prince Edward Island, Gerard Greenan, was requested by the Council of Canadians to ban military recruitment on PEI campuses. The Minister responded that military service "is a career and... we think its right to let the Armed Forces have a chance to present this option to students."

title: Counter-recruitment


text:
Talk:Tropical Storm Odette (2003)

Merge?
It is a candidate for a merged candidate. It is a little short... not too much outside of the storm history. Feel free to debate here. Hurricanehink 23:22, 7 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Unless the impact section can be expanded, it should be merged. Jdorje 02:23, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed. I'm sharpening my axe... -- Hurricane Eric archive -- my dropsonde 03:41, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Don't sharpen it too much; your beloved Hurricane Faith is next (it should come before Alex I think)! Jdorje 05:21, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

Todo
I did a complete makeover of the article. Hurricanehink ( talk ) 00:37, 11 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Very good job; at least B-class. I think it could probably qualify as a GA. — Cuivi é  nen  T, Saturday, 13 May 2006 @ 20:47 UTC
 * Cool and thanks. I nominated it. Hurricanehink ( talk ) 14:49, 15 May 2006 (UTC)

GA Nomination
The copyright of the image of flooding caused by Odette needs to be clarified. I read the report linked to the image I couldn't find a copyright tag or author of the image there. I'll put a note on nomination saying pending clarification of image copyright. besides this no other problems Gnangarra 02:53, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, there is nothing there. The reason I believe it is fair use is because it is in a world-wide report by the United Nations. It is only used on this page, and the image shows the storm better than any other existing free image. I asked an admin if it was Fair Use, and he said it was. What more do I have to do about it? Hurricanehink ( talk ) 03:59, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * ok reading the reoprt the section with the image was submitted by the Dominican Republic, the image was most likely take by a government official. Checking their web site the following is the licensing from that site, since there's doubt over the reports status and they produced this section can we assume that this would also apply to the reports contents including the image. I cant translate. Gnangarra 08:51, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I use babel to do some translation it cant do the whole text at once, but it reads is if the image could be PD with attribution required Gnangarra 09:00, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Nice. I translated it using www.freetranslation.com . That site allows you to translate larger amounts of text. So what should I do about the image? Is it PD, or Fair use? Hurricanehink ( talk ) 14:09, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I would go Fair use with a link to the site both on the article and in the image description. Also would send them an email inviting them to view both the article and image description to comment, with a request for them to leave a message that the use is ok or a leave a request for deletion. Include a copy of email on the talk page of both. The dec legal is here main page is here 'contactos' has email address. Gnangarra 15:01, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Sorry, but I've never done this before. What do I say in the e-mail regarding the picture? "Hello. I represent the online encyclopedia Wikipedia. I wish to inquery about the copyright status of an image of Tropical Storm Odette. It is located in the World Meteorological Organization Report for the 2003 Hurricane Season, located at http://www.wmo.ch/web/www/TCP/Reports/HC26-English.pdf. I would like to ask for your permission to use the flooding image of Odette on the article for Tropical Storm Odette, located at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Odette_%282003%29 . If you wish that we do not use the image, the image will be deleted. " Something like that? Hurricanehink ( talk ) 18:24, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Neither have I, but I know you cant use the wording I represent wikipedia.. unles you are an engage to do such. Suggest that you say ''I am editing/writing an article in wikipedia about Odette(2003), link to article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Odette_%282003%29 . As part of this I have included an image from Oficina Nacional de Meteorología submission to the World Meteorological Organization Report for the 2003 Hurricane Season located at http://www.wmo.ch/web/www/TCP/Reports/HC26-English.pdf. To include this image in the article it requires permission from the copyright holder. From my research it appears that your department maybe the copyright holder.  I would like to ask for your permission to use the flooding image of Odette on the article for Tropical Storm Odette, located at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Odette_%282003%29. Please leave a response on the articles talk page here if we have infringed your copyright and wish that the image be removed and deleted leave a message there I'll have it deleted. If you would like to contribute further information about Odette to the article wikipedia is open to contributions from all. Gnangarra

 * sign the email using your actual name an include a note explaining you use User ID on wikipedia of Hurricanehink, etc Gnangarra 01:19, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * That works, thanks. I'll do that tomorrow. Hurricanehink ( talk ) 03:49, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Alright, I changed it a bit, but I sent it to them.

I am writing an article on Wikipedia about Tropical Storm Odette, located at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_Storm_Odette_%282003%29. As part of this I have included an image from Oficina Nacional de Meteorología submission to the World Meteorological Organization Report for the 2003 Hurricane Season located at http://www.wmo.ch/web/www/TCP/Reports/HC26-English.pdf. To include this image in the article it requires permission from the copyright holder. From my research it appears that your department may be the copyright holder. I would like to ask for your permission to use the flooding image of Odette on the article for Tropical Storm Odette. If we have infringed on your copyright and you wish that the image be removed, the image will be deleted quickly. If you wish to give more details, you can respond on the Odette talk page, located at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Tropical_Storm_Odette_%282003%29. I thank you for your time. Sincerely, (my name)
 * Hurricanehink ( talk ) 14:52, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

GA Promotion
Besides this image which you are addressing, considering the way you have addressed this issue the fact that i may be unavailable for 1 or 2 weeks I have decided that delaying the articles promotion because of this would not be acceptable.

Congratulations to all who edited this article on its promotion to GA Gnangarra 13:31, 30 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Cool. I'll post their response here when I get it. Hurricanehink ( talk ) 13:53, 30 May 2006 (UTC)

Declaración Legal
La información meteorológica obtenida como consecuencia de la actividad científica realizada por los miembros de la Oficina Nacional de Meteorología constituye una modalidad de la propiedad intelectual contemplada por nuestra ley sobre la materia y por las reglas internacionales, y por lo tanto, le corresponde a la ONAMET, la titularidad y el ejercicio de todos los derechos, tanto morales como económicos, que conforman el derecho exclusivo de la explotación y divulgación de dicha información.

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 * The informations and weather data of the ONAMET, of free access to this web page, they are offered in a free way, remaining prohibited any reproduction or free or commercial redistribution without the duty authorization in writing of the ONAMET; nevertheless, the Internet users will be able to establish links to our web page or concrete images of the same, should to include the phrase "Information supplied by the National Office of Meteorology", subject to notification Through the e-mail of the execution of the same one.

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Todo2
Longer storm history. íslenskur fellibylur #12 (samtal) 01:08, 25 August 2006 (UTC)

GA Sweeps Review: Pass
As part of the WikiProject Good Articles, we're doing sweeps to go over all of the current GAs and see if they still meet the GA criteria. I'm specifically going over all of the "Meteorology and atmospheric sciences" articles. I believe the article currently meets the criteria and should remain listed as a Good article. I have made several minor corrections throughout the article. Altogether the article is well-written and is still in great shape after its passing in 2006. Continue to improve the article making sure all new information is properly sourced and neutral. It would be beneficial to go through the article and update all of the access dates of the inline citations and fix any dead links. If you have any questions, let me know on my talk page and I'll get back to you as soon as I can. I have added an article history to reflect this review. Happy editing! --Nehrams2020 (talk) 20:55, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Tropical Storm Sebastien (1995) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RM bot 04:16, 3 September 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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Requested move 30 October 2016

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: NO CONSENSUS — UY Scuti Talk  16:04, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

Tropical Storm Odette (2003) → Tropical Storm Odette – Only Atlantic storm named Odette. Jdcomix (talk) 14:14, 30 October 2016 (UTC) --Relisting. — Music1201  talk  15:59, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Support per nomination. —Roman Spinner (talk)(contribs) 21:37, 5 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Oppose, as it would require a move of the disambiguation page Tropical Storm Odette, and there are a couple other storms on that page. -- Tavix ( talk ) 17:06, 17 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Support per nomination. --219.79.127.72 (talk) 09:29, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Oppose per . The nomination is misleading - while it may be the only Atlantic storm with that name, the dab page clearly lists a tropical storm with this name in the Australian region in 2007. We at least need some evidence why this one is primary over that one. — Amakuru (talk) 15:47, 23 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Support. Tropical Cyclone Odette (2007) is a redirect to the Australia region season page and Typhoon Usagi (2013) already has its own predominant name. (In addition, none of the three use the same term to describe the weather event: one each uses storm, cyclone, and typhoon.) These articles can be linked together via hatnotes, and Tropical Storm Odette (disambiguation) can be put to use if deemed necessary. —Gordon P. Hemsley→ ✉ 06:44, 24 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Support per nomination. Josiah W. 22:50, 29 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Oppose: to avoid confusion with other pages listed at Tropical Storm Odette. Ebonelm (talk) 12:16, 2 December 2016 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Requested move 16 January 2017

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: not moved. (non-admin closure) Sky  Warrior  03:28, 11 February 2017 (UTC)

Tropical Storm Odette (2003) → Tropical Storm Odette – Only one Atlantic storm named Odette. Tropical Cyclone Odette (2007) is a redirect, and this name is not an official name in NW Pacific Ocean. The official name is Typhoon Usagi (2013). A disambig link can be put at the top of the article. 219.79.226.134 (talk) 15:55, 16 January 2017 (UTC) --Relisting.  Anarchyte  ( work  |  talk )   08:32, 28 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Support Dicklyon (talk) 21:40, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Per info below, I retract my support. Dicklyon (talk) 03:41, 9 February 2017 (UTC)

 * Oppose - there was a rare off-season storm named Odette Odette. Hurricanehink mobile (talk) 22:13, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Although Odette in 1971 is an off-season storm, it has no effects on land. Odette in 2003 is also an off-season storm, and it has caused some impacts on land. So, Odette in 2003 may be the primary topic. --219.79.127.163 (talk) 07:15, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * I disagree. Given how many times the name has been used, it's probably best to leave the year. Primary topic only applies when it is has more coverage than all of the others combined. The Philippine name could be used this year, so I don't think it's a good idea. Hurricanehink mobile (talk) 13:30, 18 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Oppose per the previous discussion. Nothing has changed since then. -- Tavix ( talk ) 15:21, 10 February 2017 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Tropical Storm Odette (2003)


text:
User:TwilightBat

.

title: User:TwilightBat


text:
Talk:Transition (literary journal) (1927-1938)

primarysources tag
I've removed the primarysources tag. This journal went out of business in 1938. My guess is that that was before the Internet, so the reference website is not affiliated to it. If you look, you'll find that it is at a perfectly respectable university and is a valid source. Please take some care before adding tags like this to articles. Filiocht | The kettle's on 08:04, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

capitalization
The journal's name is properly spelled with lowercase t: transition. The article should reflect that. Languagehat (talk) 20:53, 10 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Done. -- btphelps (talk) (contribs) 16:45, 15 June 2010 (UTC)

References

The links to the references don't work

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Proposed merge of Transition (literary journal) (1948–1950) into Transition (literary journal) (1927-1938)
Basically just one magazine, with a period where publication was suspended. No reason why this stub could not be merged into Transition (literary journal) (1927-1938). Randykitty (talk) 13:29, 12 July 2024 (UTC)
 * I'm open to merging. To explain, the reason why I created a separate page instead of a new section of the original is because from 1948-1950, the journal was completely separated from the team they started with in 1927. It had a different stated purpose and a different audience base. If you think that this isn't enough for a separate page though, I understand! Sabrinawaite (talk) 13:50, 12 July 2024 (UTC)
 * Well, the very first line of the 48-50 article says that it was a "revival" of the older journal, indicating some continuity. This is indeed also what the source says. That after a break of 10 years (with a World War in between) the team is different, is not too surprising perhaps. --Randykitty (talk) 15:15, 12 July 2024 (UTC)
 * That's very fair on the point of revival. Specifically with the team, the Jolases sold the right to Duthuit instead of normal team/time turnover Sabrinawaite (talk) 15:17, 12 July 2024 (UTC)


text: Talk:The Cheating Culture

title: Talk:The Cheating Culture


text:
Talk:Viper in the Fist

Rework
Edited for quality and removed some of the more dramatic formatting. Still written in a primarily "in-universe" style, though. MKV 01:12, 21 November 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 08:22, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Viper in the Fist


text:
Invasive species of Australian origin

There are a number of Australian species that have become invasive when introduced into outside Australia or outside Oceania.

Animals
The Australian magpie was introduced into New Zealand and are considered to be a pest because of attacks on humans and a possible effect on the native bird population.

The common brushtail possum was introduced to New Zealand to start a fur industry, and spread nationwide. With no natural controls they have severe impact by feeding on native plant species and also prey on native animals species as well. Possums have also been observed eating the eggs of nesting birds. They are a carrier of tuberculosis which they spread to pasture and hence livestock. Control of them has been an ongoing project of regional councils, the Department of Conservation, Forest and Bird, and various other wildlife preservation organizations.

Melaleucas in the Everglades
Perhaps the best known example of an Australian plant becoming an invasive species is the problematic introduction of Melaleuca quinquenervia into Florida. As with all Melaleuca species, M. quinquenervia seeds prolifically. In the absence of natural predators, it spread throughout southern Florida; at one time it was estimated that it had colonised 12% of southern Florida. The colonised area included a substantial proportion of the Everglades, an important national park and World Heritage Site. Attempts were made to control the spread by burning, but this only exacerbated the problem as it encouraged seed dispersal while failing to kill the trees. The spread of Melaleuca is now managed by a combination of regular herbicide treatment and the introduction of an Australian beetle as a biological control.

Acacia in southern Africa
A number of Acacia species have become serious environmental pests after being introduced into southern Africa. The most troublesome species are Acacia cyclops and Acacia saligna. Both are Western Australian coastal wattles, introduced to help bind drifting sand dunes. They remain serious pests, but some controls have been introduced. In the case of Acacia saligna, the introduction of acacia seed weevils (Melanterius species) has achieved complete control. A lesser degree of control has been achieved for Acacia cyclops by the introduction of a gall rust fungus (Uromycladium species).

Other plant examples

 * Acaena novae-zelandiae is declared a noxious weed in the American states of Hawaii, California and Oregon.
 * Cupaniopsis anacardioides, the tuckeroo, has become an invasive weed along the coastline of Florida. The plant there is known as carrotwood.
 * Eucalyptus globulus has spread rapidly as an invasive species since being introduced into California in the mid-19th century. Its colonization is reducing habitats for native species (often by type shift from grasslands or oak woodlands), and increasing the threats and spread of wildfires.
 * Hakea sericea has colonised much of the Table Mountain fynbos since its introduction into South Africa.
 * Imperata cylindrica
 * Melia azedarach
 * Pittosporum undulatum has become invasive in the Caribbean, Hawaii, southern Brazil and in the Azores.
 * Heptapleurum actinophyllum

title: Invasive species of Australian origin