text:
Talk:Deshastha Brahmin

New Content in the lede
Dear User:MRRaja001, I recommend you get consensus before adding content with non-reliable sources. As we discussed before, the % population numbers have not been backed up by reliable academic sources and therefore should not be added. Also the lede is supposed to be an abstract or a summary of what is in body of the article. Please consider moving most of the new content to more appropriate sections in the body.Thanks.Jonathansammy (talk) 14:57, 12 March 2020 (UTC)

 * I agree with you Jonathansammy, I also thought these % data's are baseless for Maharashtrian Brahmins. No data is available exclusively for Maharashtrian Brahmins. I won't add anything related to Brahmin Population further. If i want to add i'll definitely discuss with you. Anyway thanks for reminding me. MRRaja001 (talk) 15:32, 12 March 2020 (UTC)

Bramhim Population
Brahmins population is 3 to 4% of Maharashtra if someone is caliming it to be 10% then please back up your claim with screenshot Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 19:17, 16 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Perhaps you need to check the sources accompanying the sentence. "Brahmins are about 10% of the population in Maharashtra." ← Clearly mentions 8-10% in all these three sources. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 19:30, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

In first source it says Bramhims leaders claims that Brahmins population 8 to 10 %. It doesn't mean the population of Brahmins is actually make 8 to 10%

In the second source no mention of Brahmin population

The third source is outdated requires subscription to access the info.

All of the sources are some newspapers none of them are authentic sources reverting till you come up with some authentic sources. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 19:38, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

 * The second source explicitly mentions "9 to 10 percent" Ctrl-F search it. the third Outlook source says 10%. You can see the archive here. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 19:56, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

These are newspapers sources not authentic sources please see see Marathi people Wikipedia page. On this page it is clearly mentioned with authentic sources Brahmin population is 4%. I am reverting your changes till you come with authentic sources not "newspapers sources" Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 20:03, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

 * This source which is mentioned in the Marathi people article is not a "census source" nor it mentions the percentage you are referring to. And do not change the content unless we reach a consensus as per WP:BRD and WP:STATUSQUO. Pinging for suggestions. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 20:14, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

I went through the source it clearly mentions "Brahmin population is 4%" I will put "screen shots" tomorrow for others to see.

I don't agree with newspaper sources. In newspaper anyone can write according to his own political ambitions. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 20:31, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Yeah, I see it, but there is no proof that it is as per the recent 2011 census. The paragraph talks about the 1930s political movements. It could be very much from the British time census, which would make it unreliable. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 20:38, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

As we don't have 2011 census authentic data we have to go with 1930 census data. I hope you understand Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 20:49, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

 * As per Maharashtra Government sources, In 1968, "The Brahmins together with other priests formed about 6 per cent of the population of Maharashtra". This is a good source authored by Irawati Karve. And, Almost 60 percent of Maharashtrian Brahmins are Deshastha Brahmins Anthony gomes 92 (talk) 22:20, 16 January 2021 (UTC).

 * Just want to add one thing, some authors might treat definition of Marathi Brahmins differently. Like in Karve's source Saraswats are included as Brahmins but some authors might not include Saraswats in Brahmins. Status of Saraswats is disputed in some regions of Maharashtra and Karnataka. Anthony gomes 92 (talk) 22:40, 16 January 2021 (UTC).

 * Already discussion about this took place on Marathi Brahmin talk page. I think we don't need to discuss about it here again. What do you say? -  MRRaja001  (talk) 23:01, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

This user is biased, look at this guy's constant and deliberate edits on this page with fake, poorly sourced  "newspaper sources". I want you Vikram Vincent, Sitush,, User:Chariotrider555, User:AustralianRupert guys to take strong action against this person. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 06:54, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Do not restore your version, discussion is far from over. It doesn't look like there was a consensus at Talk:Marathi Brahmin regarding the percentage of the Brahmins, with some people calling the 10 percent an exaggeration and at the same time 3-4% being an old data. In the current version of the Marathi Brahmin doesn't even mention the pecentage figures. I'm removing this contentious info for now from the article. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 06:45, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Action against me? for restoring the content? There was no consensus for removing the stuff which you have been POV pushing as a different user before. You should learn WP:BRD properly and also maintain WP:CIVIL. There was no consensus in Talk:Marathi Brahmin either which referred to. On the contrary to what you are manipulating out of MRRaja001's comment here, he and User:Acharya63 were in support of addition of the 9-10% stuff, while  was skeptical about it. The current version of Marathi Brahmin page do not have any percentage mentioned. It is better not to have it (3-4%) based on 1930s source. Also pinging  - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 07:00, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

I have pinged Admins and popular users let them decide you are biased or not by going through your deliberate edits and comments you put here on the talk page. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 07:10, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * This talk thread is not for discussing my bias-ness. Instead POV pushing your changes without consensus is biased. You are crossing the line of WP:CIVIL. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 07:32, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * If the percentage of Brahmins is necessary in this article, then the government source provided by you seems like the best one. Also we should not use the 1930s one since British-era sources are not considered reliable as per consensuses at WP:INB. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 07:54, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

Yes, for population related questions I have inclination to trust government sources. Those are usually authored by multiple people. Anthony gomes 92 (talk) 08:18, 17 January 2021 (UTC).

Fylindfotberserk "You are crossing the line of WP:CIVIL" this statement of yours I will take it as threat and will seek further actions against you. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 08:26, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Citations to say that Brahmins are about 8-10% of Maharashtra state population:
 * Research:
 * "The Brahmin who form about 8% of the population of Maharashtra" - (Book: )
 * Again Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute, published a book in 2007 with the updates of population. (Book:).
 * News & Magazines:
 * Outlook Magazine which says Brahmins are about 10 percent of Maharashtra population.
 * Daily News Analysis says "Brahmin leaders claim that their community accounts for an estimated 8-10% of Maharashtra's population across linguistic divisions and sects."
 * Pune Mirror, India Times says Ghaisas guruji said, “Brahmins make up 9 to 10 percent of the state population."
 * The Indian Express says "It is widely believed that people from the Brahmin community are well-to-do. That is not true. Almost 60-70 per cent Brahmins are poor, especially those living in rural areas,” said Anand Dave, president of Pune district unit of the Akhil Bharatiya Brahman Mahasangh. The mahasangh said that Brahmins make up 8-9 per cent of Maharashtra’s population, which is around 90 lakh."
 * Frontline, The Hindu says "In the numbers game, which is so crucial in influencing government policy, Brahmins do not do as well as Marathas. The Brahmin community forms about 9 per cent of the State’s population as opposed to Marathas who constitute about 30 per cent of the population."
 * Republic World says, While speaking to Republic TV, Akhil Bhartiya Brahmin Sabha’s Pune wing head Anand Dave said: "We welcome Maratha reservation but there is a misconception about our Brahmin community. People think that we Brahmins are well off but that’s not true at all. There are approximately 1 crore Brahmin population in the state. Out of this 1 crore, nearly 80 percent population is socially and economically backward".
 * India Today says, "For record, Brahmins contribute to around 10 per cent in the population of Maharashtra".
 * Economic Times also quotes Anand Dave - "Dave also said they would be soon meeting the Maharashtra Backward Class Commission to pitch for their claims. According to the latter, the state had around 90 lakh Brahmins and 70% of them are below the creamy layer, which means they would be eligible for reservation benefits."
 * The Free Press Journal says - "The Brahmin community has around 8 percent share in the population of the state which is around 90 lakhs."
 * Times of India says - Vishwajeet Deshpande, a functionary of the Samaj, said that the Brahmin community comprises 8% of Maharashtra's total population of 11.4 crore." — I think these citations are enough to say that Brahmins are about 8-10% of total population of Maharashtra. -  MRRaja001  (talk) 08:31, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Well, 8-10% seems to be a widely sourced number in newer references. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 08:39, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Yes you're right. Seems like the Maratha groups such as Sambhaji Brigade are not happy with this numbers. -  MRRaja001  (talk) 08:47, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * These newspapers are highely biased . In Maharashtra, people will die laughing if one says Brahmin population is 10% . You can find thousands of villages and towns without a single Brahmin household. Brahmin make 4 to 5 % of Maharashtra, 10% is an exaggerated figure using "Media houses" and "Newspapers". Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 08:56, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia uses reliable sources not personal opinions and news agencies like Indian Express and The Hindu are considered reliable as well as the researches by Karve. You've also removed sourced content in Mahar article and replaced it with your unsourced personal commentary. That's not how Wikipedia works. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 09:17, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Fylindfotberserk Dont bring what I did on other pages here, stick to the discussion. Regarding your allegations, we have been discussing it Talk:Mahar here from last week and not a single word i wrote without a proper source. You better live in your limits Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 09:42, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Stick to the discussion? Did you bother to see your past comments here? You brought a differnt article Marathi people article in the discussion and calling me names is not part of discussion either, which you did. Also you seem to have a POV, in the Mahar article you removed sourced content on the history of the people, that's what I said. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 09:50, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Fylindfotberserk Marathi people has direct connection with the discussion that is why brought that topic here, Unlike you who brought irrelevant mahar article here this is ridiculous. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 10:00, 17 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Every article needs to be independently sourced. It is core policy of Wikipedia. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 10:04, 17 January 2021 (UTC)
 * I am less inclined to trust caste organization leaders like Dave, many caste leaders have a habit of inflating their numbers to emphasize their strength. This is done by leaders of almost all the castes. Number 4% is from 1930 census and is old and Lele (1990) revived these numbers through his analysis in the 90s. It is hard to trust that number as a present-day representative of the Marathi Brahmin population. I am also less inclined to believe that the Brahmin population is increasing relatively faster pace than other communities (jump from 6% in 60s to 9% in 2000s). Being upper castes, they live on average the highest standard of living in the society - which is usually associated with low birth rates. My personal opinion is go forward with the last known government source on this which is Maharashtra Gazetteers. Also, Sid.ghodeswars, I would request you to please maintain civil tone in your conversation here, accusatory/confrontational tones are not helpful. Anthony gomes 92 (talk) 18:39, 17 January 2021 (UTC).

 * FYI, it is not just Marathi Brahmin population. It is the population of Brahmins across linguistic divisions and sects in Maharashtra. That means it also includes Brahmins who migrated from other states too. -  MRRaja001  (talk) 23:38, 17 January 2021 (UTC)
 * @MRRaja001 That 9% number for Deccan College PGR Institute 2007 book is taken from this 1968 |Journal article by Karve and Malhotra and it is about 8 endogamous groups of Marathi Brahmins, not the migrant Brahmin population. 1970 Maharashtra Gazetteers says Brahmin population with other priests is 6%, where Karve is again involved as one of the Authors. Karve really does not look that reliable on numbers. Now Brahmin caste leaders say 10%. I have not seen castewise census number post 1931 census, except for SC and ST sub-caste population. In the 1931 census, their number was under 4%. I am not particularly opposed to the 10% number but with the above information it just does not seem reliable. I am leaning towards the 1970 Maharashtra Gazetteers 6% number. Anthony gomes 92 (talk) 02:36, 18 January 2021 (UTC).

 * The first book "Group relations in village community" was a research work by Irawati Karmarkar Karve and Yashwant Bhaskar Damle. What we can say is Brahmins are more than 8% in Maharashtra at Present. Just analyse one thing, in 1931 census Marathas were 23.2 percent and now they are 30%. Coming to Brahmins, Brahmin leaders are claiming that the population of Brahmins is Between 8-10% and not exactly 10%. You are saying, According to gazette Marathi Brahmins were 6 Percent in 1968, then they must have increased now. Because the Brahmin leaders are quoting the percent of different linguistic Brahmins in Maharashtra and not just Marathi Brahmins. Let's see what the survey says  -   MRRaja001  (talk) 06:25, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Typically ranges are mentioned when in a situation like this in Wikipedia. Wouldn't it be better to mention it as 6-10%, based on the the 1970's gazette and the newer sources, and leaving it to the readers' judgment? As for the newer sources coming from the caste leaders, the numbers are fairly constant, suggesting they have some basis. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 06:37, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Is it possible that some native Brahmin groups like different Saraswats were left out in the 1970s gazette? - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 06:40, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Yeah, you're right. I agree with you. In Maharashtra gazette they might have left Saraswats. But in "Group relations in village community", a research work by Irawati Karmarkar Karve and Yashwant Bhaskar Damle - Saraswats are part of 8 endogamous groups of Brahmins. -  MRRaja001  (talk) 06:40, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * @U|MRRaja001 I am not saying percentage of Brahmin population relative to overall population might have increased. It might have or might not have, we don't know that. Latest government source which provides us brahmin population is Maharashtra Gazetteer 1970, that is all I am saying. BTW, about the book, I was talking about Anthropology for Archaeology (2007) book from Deccan college PGRI and not the one by Damle. @U|Fylindfotberserk I am fine with 6-10% range. Anthony gomes 92 (talk) 06:44, 18 January 2021 (UTC).

 * The Maharashtra Gazette book which you're referring "Maharashtra, Land and Its People was published in 1968 and it was republished in 1970. The content of the book in 1970 is same as 1968. Anthropology for Archaeology (2007) is not written by Karve. Karve died in 1970, how could she write in 2007. It was written by Subhash R. Walimbe, P. P. Joglekar and Kishor Kumar Basa in 2007 with updates to the data of Karve (1968). -  MRRaja001  (talk) 07:12, 18 January 2021 (UTC)
 * @U|MRRaja001 I never said that Anthropology for Archeology (2007) book is written by Karve, don't know where you are getting that from. What I said is this - "That 9% number for Deccan College PGR Institute 2007 book is taken from this 1968 |Journal article by Karve and Malhotra and it is about 8 endogamous groups of Marathi Brahmins, not the migrant Brahmin population.", i.e, the numbers that are quoted in that book are taken from Karve and Malhotra's Journal Article (about 8 endogamous Marathi brahmin castes) published in 1968. Thanks! Anthony gomes 92 (talk) 07:41, 18 January 2021 (UTC).

 * Looks like huge research took place on these eight Brahmin groups. If the eight groups, the Deshastha Rigvedi Brahmin, Chitpavan Brahmin, Karhade Brahmin, Devrukhe Brahmin, Madhyandhi Brahmin, Saraswat Brahmin, Kanva Brahmin and Charak Brahmin are 9% of Maharashtra population, then the Brahmin Sangh claiming more than 24 groups as 9-10% of Population should not be wrong. Perhaps the percentage should be more than this right. Then why shouldn't we mention 8-10% as Brahmin population in Maharashtra. -  MRRaja001  (talk) 08:21, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

In this 1970 Maharashtra gazetter source brahmin population is mentioned as 6% but the same source says "In Maharashtra, the scheduled castes form 5.63 per cent, of the population." How accurate is this source cause in 1930 consensus Mahar alone were 8% of the population and in Scheduled caste there are other caste like chamar, Mang. And Maharashtra government gives 13% reservation to Scheduled Caste so their population must be above 13%. Provided this we can verifye the given source's authencity. So, till we dont have authentic source it's better not to have Brahmin population on this page Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 10:29, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Why are you bringing that British era source again and again for comparison? There were multiple consensuses at WP:INB and other places to not use colonial era sources, since they were found to be unreliable. Besides, no need of Whataboutism and WP:OR comments like "if X caste was at a higher percentage then Y caste must be lower". - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 10:42, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

this source is not british source it is government source I am pointing out how unauthentic this source is specially its statement "In Maharashtra, the scheduled castes form 5.63 per cent, of the population." this makes its authenticity questionable. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 10:53, 18 January 2021 (UTC) .
 * I was pointing to your comment→ "How accurate is this source cause in 1930 consensus Mahar alone were 8% of the population and in Scheduled caste there are other caste like chamar...". No need to compare the 70s data which is far reliable than the British era 1930s sources which are deemed unreliable in Wikipedia. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 10:58, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

Okay forget for a while 1930 sensus. The Maharashtra government gives 13% reservation to scheduled castes from 1950 according to their population. And your source says "In Maharashtra, the scheduled castes form 5.63 per cent, of the population." Any sensible person will immediately know that there is something wrong with your source. So why consider such sources as authentic one. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 11:05, 18 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Back up you claim with sources, besides people getting the benefit of reservation is not the same as the real percentage of Scheduled Caste groups. Any sane Wikipedian knows that mixing two separate infos to deduce something else = original research, which you seem to be alluding to. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 11:39, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * That would be a printing mistake, because the quote you are providing is in Page:76 of that book "The Brahmins together with other priests formed about 6 per cent of the population of Maharashtra." If you see page 82 it is said that "Maharashtra like the rest of India was an agricultural society made up of the following sets (1) about 70 per cent. people engaged in food procuring, (2) about 8 per cent. priests, (3) about the same percentage feudal lords, (4) 10 to 12 per cent artisans, (5) 4 per cent traders, (6) a few entertainers, and (7) a sprinkling of people not adjusted to the agricultural community. This is the picture as it existed around the beginning of the century. Before describing what the society is in the 1960s, certain other features need to be understood." Just analyze these, if priests were about 8% before 1960's at the beginning of century that means lets say 1901, how did they quote Brahmins along with other priests formed about 6 percent in page:76. Isn't this a mistake -  MRRaja001  (talk) 11:48, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

This is data from Ministry of Social Justice Department. It clearly says Scheduled Caste population is 12% in Maharashtra. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 11:53, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Didn't you see the note. It is according to 1961 census. By the way, why are you bringing up this Scheduled caste thing here. The discussion is about Brahmins in Maharashtra.-  MRRaja001  (talk) 11:59, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Please stick to the topic Sid.ghodeswars, no need of bring other castes and deviate from the topic. This is WP:OR. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 12:03, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Fylindfotberserk Please go through your comment where you are asking me "Back up you claim with sources, besides people getting the benefit of reservation is not the same as the real percentage of Scheduled Caste groups:" to answer this I gave that ministry data. Scheduled caste population is enough to proove that the given source is unauthentic. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 12:40, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Census of India 1961, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in Maharashtra in page 26 they are clearly saying that, "The population of Scheduled Castes in Maharashtra is 2,226,914, which is 5.63 per cent of the total population of the State." Hope you'll stop discussing about Scheduled Castes here — the above source of "Maharashtra, Land and Its People" is ✅authentic. By the way, this citation which you provided, which is saying Scheduled castes are 11.8% is according to Census of India, 2011. -   MRRaja001  (talk) 13:08, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

okay 1930 consensus says population is 4% and 1960 consensus says population is 6% If one has to add population related data on this page I will agree with "4 to 6 %" range. Scheduled caste population is mentioned as 5.6% because they did not count Buddhists as Scheduled caste. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 14:14, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * DO I have to repeat it 1000 times? 1930 = British Colonial period. British Colonial period = British sources. British sources are not considered reliable in Wikpedia. Forget about adding 4% here. And refrain from bringing other castes into the discussion, keep on topic "Brahmins of Maharashtra". - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 14:22, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

Fylindfotberserk So it's better we dont add any population data here, and wait for "Authentic Consensus Data" provided by government on Brahmin population. Forget that I will agree with figures provided by highely biased 'Newpapers', 'Media Houses'. I can give thousand of articles and incidents to proove that "Medias and Newspapers" are biased. Sid.ghodeswars (talk) 14:33, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * I don't know what kind of POV you are trying to push calling media houses "biased", but there is no blanket ban on news articles (On the contrary news agencies like Indian Express, The Times of India are very much considered reliable, visit RSN consensuses for that) nor sources posted by MRRaja001, but there is a blanket ban on British sources, if not refering to the particular British related topic. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 14:38, 18 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Regarding your analysis here, I tend to agree that it seems like a printing mistake. Since there are other sources mentioning a lower limit of 8%. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 06:51, 19 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Since 8-10% seems to be a widely sourced number in newer references. Lets stick to this ranges until we get census data. (Another book published in 1983 is also saying Brahmins are 8% of total population) What is your opinion? -  MRRaja001  (talk) 23:43, 25 February 2022 (UTC)

 * I'd agree to that. - Fylindfotberserk (talk) 08:15, 26 February 2022 (UTC)

 * Okay then, I'm adding. -  MRRaja001  (talk) 11:56, 26 February 2022 (UTC)

Deshastha and Marriage
The article says, and I quote, "The Deshasthas are historically an endogamous and monogamous community for whom marriages take place by negotiation. The Mangalsutra is the symbol of marriage for the woman. Studies show that most Indians' traditional views on caste, religion and family background have remained unchanged when it came to marriage, that is, people marry within their own castes, and matrimonial advertisements in newspapers are still classified by caste and sub-caste." Sources cited for the above (Bahuguna, and Srinivasa - Raghavan) are both from Hindu businessline website.Is that considered a reliable source / publication? If not that we will have to look for alternate sources. Thanks. Jonathansammy (talk) 17:26, 16 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Deshastha Brahmin


text:
Talk:Sodium nitroprusside

Non-medicinal uses
This page seems to be focused on the compound's use in medicine, but there seem to be other uses. It is used in the detection of methamphetamine and MDMA and seems to be a common drug-test reagent. If there are enough non-medicinal uses, a new section might help. --24.16.148.75 15:45, 12 July 2006 (UTC)

Hazards
I agree with the above. The page listed the chemical as non-hazardous, but common MSDS's (which should be pointed at by this page) list hazards identical to cyanide poisoning.

It was also mentioned as a candidate for next-generation optical memory devices. ("Наука и жизнь" mag., www.nkj.ru, few years ago.)As stated in that article, it is normally transparent to red and green light; blue light gradually makes it black (i.e. no longer transparent to red and green), and red light reverses the effect. Please check that! 217.8.94.135 16:22, 7 September 2007 (UTC)

Mechanism of Action
"Its mechanism of action appears to be liberation of nitric oxide (NO), converting Haemoglobin to cyanomethaemaglobin". NO surely works by binding to the haem group of guanylyl cyclase, activating it and so increasing levels of cGMP, ultimately relaxing vascular smooth muscle. NO would be taken up by red cells and would convert some of their haem to methaemoglobin, but that is hardly the mechanism of action.Moletrouser (talk) 15:56, 19 January 2008 (UTC)

Magnetism
It says this is a paramegnetic ion. Off the top of my head, if it's Fe(II) with that ligand set it would be low spin and diamagnetic. Chris (talk) 19:32, 8 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I was right, and I've corrected it. Chris (talk) 07:51, 11 August 2008 (UTC)
 * How in the world did this sort of gross problem creep in, I wonder. Le Prof  Leprof 7272 (talk) 13:23, 15 May 2014 (UTC)

Nitroglycerin
What's the link between Sodium nitroprusside and Nitroglycerin? In The Netherlands we don't know nitroprusside, only nitroglycerin. PizzaMan (talk) 12:39, 8 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Answered my own question, sort of. Nitroglycerin is used under the tongue for angina. Nitroprusside is only used intravenously in the hospital against very high blood pressures. I guess that's why nitroprusside is just not mentioned in the dutch register of medication PizzaMan (talk) 12:45, 8 July 2009 (UTC).

Too many bonds for the N atom in the schematics
The -N = O ending in the schematics has too many links (3) between N and O. Should be 2 (N is 3-valent, while O is bivalent).

Could someone please fix the image?

 * The image was correct, before Materialscientist changed it. Please see metal nitrosyl. Nirmos (talk) 15:41, 30 October 2010 (UTC)
 * the image is incorrect: most would draw a triple bonding from N to O, of course: covalency, symmetry, and all that messy stuff... But no big deal, folks who work with metal nitrosyls know to expect weird drawings.--Smokefoot (talk) 15:56, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

Hmm... there should be three bonds. If there are only two bonds, I would imagine the M-N-O bond would be bent. --Rifleman 82 (talk) 16:43, 30 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes indeed, but I am not sure the change is worth the bother. Sometimes we show M-CO with triple bonds between C and O and sometimes a double bond....--Smokefoot (talk) 16:59, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

Splitting the page into a page devoted to SNP's medical uses and one that's more devoted to its non-medical uses.
I believe that we should create two pages: one devoted to its medical uses and one to its non-medical uses and chemical properties, partly because I would like to create a drugbox for SNP and seeing how this page isn't just about its medical uses it would be inappropriate for this page. Fuse809 (talk) 23:53, 19 November 2013 (UTC)
 * Thanks for raising an interesting idea. I do not agree because otherwise we encourage divorcing good medical science from good chemistry (with consequences like the incorrect structure that was inserted recently).  There is probably consensus that the "nerdy" inorganic chemistry is rather narrow in impact and could be subordinated to the medical info.  One could also "stack" the drug box with the chem box, possibly even putting the it on top.  The anion is iconic in inorganic chemistry but not good for very much except the medical app.  We few inorganickers would hate to see our compound leave our fold just because it is good for something.  But your idea is not without merit and mine is only one voice.  --Smokefoot (talk) 04:38, 20 November 2013 (UTC)

I recommended it because this is the size the medical uses section would be if we were to combine the two on the single page. Plus, what's wrong with the image I used? There's nothing wrong with it from what I can tell, in fact it's a more accurate depiction of the compound's structure. Fuse809 (talk) 05:53, 20 November 2013 (UTC)
 * I dont think that your proposed expansion is particularly unusual. My advice is to omit the bulleted list of symptoms ("dizziness").  We usually do not include such otherwise all safety sections would be extremely long.  According to the Chem MOS, we usually defer to the MSDS as being more authoritative than WIkipedia can be, and by deferring to the MSDS we save space.  To get an idea of a pretty mature article see cisplatin.  It's big and the chemistry is subordinated. About your misdrawn structure: show it to an chemist and they will explain.  Its just a chemistry thing that has big implications for behavior.  Aside from the structure, my preference is to show C explicitly. Thanks for the note, great to see someone interest in this article.--Smokefoot (talk) 13:54, 20 November 2013 (UTC)

Nice work putting together the "medication" material together. We don't like to fork articles unnecessarily. Since both articles are of modest length, so a merger will reduce duplication and add breadth and depth to the combined article. Chembox is actually able to show drug and pharma info. I'll help you with that, and I'll incorporate the current "medication" material into the current article, redirect that "article" here, and merge the edit history. We can expand the article here in future. --Rifleman 82 (talk) 03:40, 21 November 2013 (UTC)

Drugbox
As this article is mostly about the medication should have a "drugbox". Please placed it. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) (if I write on your page reply on mine) 05:42, 21 November 2013 (UTC)

Order of sections
Typically follow WP:MEDMOS for meds. Doc James (talk · contribs · email) (if I write on your page reply on mine) 09:31, 22 November 2013 (UTC)
 * How do you start talking about it before you even define what it is? Have you seen CHEMMOS? --Rifleman 82 (talk) 17:42, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

Thank you Rifleman
Nice to see that article back together. Nitroprusside is an important coordination complex from a pedagogical perspective. This article is probably one of those cases where two MOS's apply. --Smokefoot (talk) 13:32, 22 November 2013 (UTC)
 * Yes looks good. Doc James  (talk · contribs · email) (if I write on your page reply on mine) 13:58, 22 November 2013 (UTC)

Bravi to committed article editors
Thanks to the committed editors of this article. It is happening upon an article generally well done like this, vis-a-vis scope, sourcing, and accuracy, that I retain some hope for Wikipedia STEM articles. Brava/bravo, grazie. Le Prof Leprof 7272 (talk) 13:20, 15 May 2014 (UTC)

Well done mechanism of action section, however
… I have to question whether the following paragraph is in the wrong article:

 * "A role for NO in various common psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia,[35][36][37][38] bipolar disorder[39][40][41] and major depressive disorder[42][43][44] has been proposed and supported by several clinical findings. These findings may also implicate the potential of drugs that alter NO signalling such as SNP in their treatment.[37][43] Such a role is also supported by the findings of the recent SNP clinical trial[45] and other clinical trials that have demonstrated the efficacy of minocycline (a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor) in treating the negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia.[46]"

It has nothing to do with the mechanism of action of the title agent (which is already well described in the first paragraph of the section).

If the point is that the article's title therapeutic agent is approved in treatment of these disorders—or even that it is being used off-label in their treatment—this needs to be stated explicitly, and citations provided—without a great deal of further work, one cannot readily see the valid connection between nitroprusside and this paragraph (either via text or citation titles). Even with either of these two positive "takes" on this text, it is inexplicit and far too long, and so undermines and overshadows the point of this section (drug mechanism of action).

Finally, if the suggestion (medical hypothesis) is being offered, that nitroprusside could be used in these disorders ("may also implicate the potential of drugs that alter NO"), then this needs to be stated explicitly, but only with citation. Otherwise it is WP:OR, and has no place. (Either the literature has suggested nitroprusside for these, or it has not, and the titles do not clarify. If not, Wikipedia cannot be the first to mention.)

Apart from the OR and length issues, it is a well-written and referenced paragraph, though; that it does not belong here, does not mean it should not go somewhere (NO and schizophrenia articles?). Le Prof — Preceding unsigned comment added by Leprof 7272 (talk • contribs) 13:48, 15 May 2014 (UTC)

Why does "nitroferricyanide" redirect here?
Not mentioned in text. 86.164.23.31 (talk) 23:54, 21 March 2015 (UTC)

Analytical reagent
"The destruction of disulfide bonds liberates cysteine from cystine and homocysteine from homocystine"

Shouldn't it be: cystathionine (disulfide linked) from homocysteine (broken up)? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.112.102.113 (talk) 20:31, 16 May 2015 (UTC)
 * I think that the English was garbled. Tried to repair it. --Smokefoot (talk) 20:35, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Proposition of new paragraph / section
Recently I had to find something on nitroprusside reaction with amino acids and by chance I had found that there are two separate articles on Wiki. There is this main document on nitroprusside itself and a four sentence long stub, called Nitroprusside reaction only about its reaction with thiol groups of cysteine. I think it would be better to merge those two together.

I would do this myself, but I never did such thing before and I am not shure how many things you have to change in order to do so (disambiguation pages, links from other articles). If somebody has a good guide on how to do this, please share. Thanks. --Light Code (talk) 18:22, 16 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Excellent suggestion. --Smokefoot (talk) 20:53, 16 January 2019 (UTC)

Oxidation state of iron
In structure and properties oxidation of state of iron is mentioned 3 (above) and 2 (below) respectively. oxidation of state of iron should be made clear with good reference. JAY SWAMINARAYAN 378 (talk) 05:17, 17 August 2021 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Sodium nitroprusside


text:
Non-abidance

In Buddhism, especially the Chan (Zen) traditions, non-abidance (in Sanskrit: apratiṣṭhita, with the a- prefix, lit. ‘unlimited’, ‘unlocalized’ ) is the practice of avoiding mental constructs during daily life. That is, other than while engaged in meditation (Zazen).

Some schools of Buddhism, especially the Mahāyāna, consider apratiṣṭhita-nirvāṇa ("non-abiding cessation") to be the highest form of Buddhahood, more profound than pratiṣṭhita-nirvāṇa, the ‘localized’, lesser form. According to Robert Buswell and Donald Lopez, apratiṣṭhita-nirvāṇa is the standard Mahayana view of Buddhahood, which enables them to freely return to samsara in order to help sentient beings, while still remaining in nirvāṇa and being a buddha via the usage of the nirmanakaya and sambhogakaya.

Term
Here, abide is used to translate pratiṣṭhita, meaning "to be contained in [a locale]" or "situated", from the prefix prati- ('towards', 'in the direction of') and ṣṭhita ('established', 'set up').

To translate pratiṣṭhita, Chinese Buddhists used zhù (住), literally "to reside, lodge, remain". Both wúsuǒzhù (無所住 'no means of staying') and wúzhù (無住 'not staying') are used for apratiṣṭhita.

Sutras
The Diamond Sutra, a classic Buddhist text, is primarily concerned with the idea of non-abidance. The concept seems to have originated with the 1st-century Buddhist philosopher Nagarjuna, whose version of śūnyatā, or emptiness, entails that entities neither exist, nor do they not exist.

Realizing the depth of this concept was also responsible of a Chan master's sudden enlightenment. The Platform Sutra relates how the spiritual patriarch Huineng was enlightened after hearing his master Hongren reciting from the Diamond Sutra: "Responding to the non-abiding, yet generating the mind. (應無所住，而生其心. Yìng wúsuǒzhù, er sheng qi xin.)"

Huineng then responded that self-natures are intrinsically pure, cannot be generated or extinguished, are self-sufficient and capable of generating dharma. However, this key incident, though found in the majority of texts, is absent in the older Dunhuang version.

The scholar-monk Qisong (契嵩) also noted in his foreword of the Platform Sutra: ": The formless is the essence. (無相為體 wúxiang wei ti)
 * Non-thought is the tenet. (無念為宗 wúnian wei zong)
 * Non-abiding is the fundamental. (無住為本 wúzhù wei ben)"

Non-abiding leads to prajñā (wisdom), as it enables one to consider that worldly issues are empty, so there is no point in retaliation or disputes.

title: Non-abidance


text: User talk:131.155.241.175

title: User talk:131.155.241.175


text: User talk:68.6.14.136

title: User talk:68.6.14.136


text: User talk:12.111.189.136

title: User talk:12.111.189.136


text: File:Jacksonsother 500px.jpg

title: File:Jacksonsother 500px.jpg


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Laurie Faria Stolarz

Laurie Faria Stolarz is an American author of young adult fiction novels featuring teenage protagonists, best known of which are the series of books beginning with Blue is for Nightmares.

Early life and education
Stolarz grew up in Salem, Massachusetts. She attended Merrimack College and later Emerson College, both in Massachusetts.

Career
Stolarz found sales success with her first novel, Blue is for Nightmares, and followed it up with three more titles in the series, White is for Magic, Silver is for Secrets, and Red is for Remembrance. The four novels in the "BIFN" series have sold over 500,000 copies collectively. Stolarz also announced a graphic novel entry into the series titled Black is for Beginnings, which she published in summer 2009.

Stolarz published Bleed in September 2006 and a companion novel, Project 17, in December 2007. Project 17 is set at the former Danvers State Hospital, which was demolished that same year.

On June 10, 2022, it was announced that a Blue Is for Nightmares podcast is being produced, adapted by Stephanie Wu. It is a joint production between The Hideaway Entertainment and Fictionz. Debbie Moon will also adapt the novels into a television series.

title: Laurie Faria Stolarz


text:
ASD Martina Calcio 1947

A.S.D. Martina Calcio 1947, formerly A.S. Martina Franca 1947, and A.C. Martina, usually referred to as simply Martina Franca  or just Martina, is an Italian association football club, based in Martina Franca, Apulia. The club was re-founded in 2008 as A.S.D. Martina Franca 1947 and again 2016 as A.S.D. Martina Calcio 1947.

History
The club was founded in 1947.

Martina has played in Serie C1 Group B in the 2007–08 season, finishing last, and thus directly relegated to Lega Pro Seconda Divisione (ex-Serie C2).

The club needed new financial backers, but with its relegation to Italy's fourth level of professional football, no investors were found and the club decided to withdraw from the 2008–09 season. All players were released.

2008 re-foundation
At the same time with the dissolve of A.C. Martina, a phoenix club, A.S.D. Martina Franca was founded in the same transfer window. It was admitted in the Prima Categoria Apulia. The club finished as the second in 2008–09 Prima Categoria Apulia season and promoted to Promozione Apulia.

The 2009–10 Promozione Apulia has won the Promozione Apulia playoffs and the promotion to 2010–11 Eccellenza Apulia season. The company Ostuni Sports, militant in Serie D, Martina proposes an exchange of sports titles that would allow a double promotion, but after a first initial interest in the company it was decided to give up and then participate in Eccellenza Apulia.

In the 2010–11 season, after a long battle with Cerignola which ended only in extra time of the promotion playoff, Martina was finally promoted to 2011–12 Serie D.

In the 2011–12 Serie D season, Martina Franca was promoted to Lega Pro Seconda Divisione. This marked the return of Martina in professionally football with 4 promotions in 4 years.

Martina was relegated back to Serie D after ending the 2013–14 Lega Pro Seconda Divisione in thirteenth place, only to be admitted back to the 2014–15 Lega Pro after being picked in order to fill a league vacancy.

In 2016, the club did not enrolled in the professional league, thus all players were released.

2016 re-foundation
A phoenix club, A.S.D. Martina Calcio 1947, was admitted to Prima Categoria Apulia on 8 September 2016.

Colors and badge
The team's colors are blue and white.

title: ASD Martina Calcio 1947


text:
Artena

Artena is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, Italy. It is situated in the northwest of Monti Lepini, in the upper valley of the Sacco River. It is approximately 40 km southeast by rail, and 30 km direct from Rome.

The economy is based on agriculture, animal husbandry and tourism.

History
The name of the original village of the Volsci is uncertain; Ecetra or Fortinum are possible suggestions.

The modern village was called Monte Fortino until 1873. It owes its present name to an unproven identification of the site with the ancient Volscian Artena, destroyed in 404 BC. Another Artena, which was an Etruscan town belonging to the district of Caere, and laying between it and Veii, was destroyed in the period of the kings, and its site is unknown.

In the Middle Ages Artena was a fief of the Counts of Tusculum and then the Counts of Segni, who held its castle until 1475 when, after the request of Charles VIII of France, it was assigned to the Colonna. Due to the latter's anti-papal stance, Artena was ravaged several times by papal armies (1526, 1543 and 1557).

Main sights
On the mountain 600 m above the village are the fine remains of the fortifications of a city built in the 6th or 5th century BC, in cyclopean blocks of local limestone. Within the walls are traces of buildings, and a massive terrace which supported some edifice of importance. This terraced settlement (Piano della Cività) later was the site of a Roman villa.

Other sights include the Palazzo Borghese (17th century), and the churches of Santa Maria delle Letizie, Santa  Croce, Santo Stefano Protomartire and San Francesco.

Twin towns

 * 🇪🇸 Alcalá del Río, Spain

title: Artena


text:
Dominic Roussel

Dominic Roussel (born February 22, 1970) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender who played eight seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Philadelphia Flyers, Winnipeg Jets, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and Edmonton Oilers between 1991 and 2001. He also played in the minor American Hockey League.

Playing career
As a youth, Roussel played in the 1983 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Laval, Quebec.

Roussel was selected in the third round of the 1988 NHL Entry Draft, 63rd overall, by the Philadelphia Flyers and made his NHL debut during the 1991–92 season. He would remain with the Flyers organization for another three seasons, serving as the Flyers' starting goalie in the 1993–94 season. He was traded to the Winnipeg Jets in 1996, but soon re-signed with the Flyers.

Roussel had a brief spell in Germany's Deutsche Eishockey Liga with the Starbulls Rosenheim in the 1997–98 season. His NHL rights were traded to the Nashville Predators and then the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. After $2 1/2$ seasons with the Mighty Ducks, he was claimed off waivers by the Edmonton Oilers to be their back up.

He played five games in the Quebec Semi-Pro Hockey League with the Lasalle Rapides before returning to Germany, signing with the Frankfurt Lions before retiring in 2003.

He is now a private goalie trainer through his company, Succès hockey Dominic Roussel.

Transactions

 * February 27, 1996: Philadelphia trades Roussel for Tim Cheveldae and a 3rd round draft pick
 * June 26, 1998: Philadelphia trades Roussel and Jeff Staples to Nashville for a 7th round draft pick (Cam Ondrik)
 * October 5, 1998: Nashville trades Roussel to Anaheim for Marc Moro and Chris Mason

title: Dominic Roussel


text:
Peter Tägtgren

Alf Peter Tägtgren (born 3 June 1970) is a Swedish musician and record producer. He is the founder, main songwriter, lead vocalist, and guitarist of death metal band Hypocrisy as well as the industrial metal band Pain in which he is the only member. He is also the owner of The Abyss recording studio and the co-founder of Lindemann, a music project between Tägtgren and Rammstein vocalist Till Lindemann. Tägtgren left Lindemann in 2020.

Career
Tägtgren started playing drums at the age of nine and later learned to play guitar, bass and keyboard.

After Tägtgren's first band Conquest disbanded, he emigrated to the United States. There, he became part of the death metal scene after participating in practice sessions with Malevolent Creation's guitarist, Phil Fasciana.

Tägtgren moved back to Sweden and formed the band Hypocrisy. He then signed a recording contract with the independent record label Nuclear Blast.

Although Hypocrisy is his main focus, he has also worked on many other Swedish metal projects. These include Pain (industrial metal), for which he performs all instruments and vocals and composes all songs, Lock Up (grindcore/death metal), in which he was the vocalist, The Abyss (black metal), where he performed drums, bass and vocals, War (black metal), where he performed drums. He also appeared as a live guitarist for the bands Marduk and E-Type, and on the Bloodbath album Nightmares Made Flesh as a vocalist.

Additionally, Tägtgren is a record producer, running The Abyss studio where he mixes and edits works of other Scandinavian bands including Sabaton, Dimmu Borgir, Immortal, Amon Amarth, Skyfire, Finnish bands Children of Bodom and Amorphis, and Swiss band Celtic Frost. In 2015, he co-founded the industrial metal band Lindemann with Rammstein lead singer Till Lindemann.

In a 2017 interview with Noizr Zine, Tägtgren reported that he's working on new material together with his son Sebastian: "'And now, since January, we are sitting in the studio, writing music, and we have like 20 songs or something like that. We don't know what it is for. It's not for Hypocrisy, it's not for Pain, it's for something else. We don't know yet, we're just writing because we really have a good time writing.'"In November 2020, Tägtgren left the musical project Lindemann.

Personal life
A year before the recording of his album Dancing with the Dead (2005), Tägtgren's heart stopped beating for two minutes. This event inspired him to write the album.

Tägtgren is known as "Mayor of Pärlby" as he owns the small village in which he resides (population c. 120 people). He has been married twice; however, neither marriage lasted. He was quoted as saying, "And my passion for music? It's hard to be in two places at the same time, and women come and women go. Music stays."

Discography and guest appearances

 * Hypocrisy – (vocals, guitars, lyrics, production) – all releases
 * Pain – (all instruments, vocals, lyrics, production) – all releases
 * Lindemann – (all instruments, production) – all releases
 * Electric Hellfire Club (band) – (guest vocals on song Hypochristian)
 * The Abyss – The Other Side – (vocals, drums, bass) – 1995
 * The Abyss – Summon the Beast – (vocals, drums, bass) – 1996
 * Algaion – Vox Clamentis – (drums) – 1996
 * Edge of Sanity – Infernal – (lead guitar on "The Bleakness of It All") – 1997
 * Therion – A'arab Zaraq – Lucid Dreaming – (lead guitar on "Under Jolly Roger") – 1997
 * Lock Up – Pleasures Pave Sewers – (vocals) – 1999
 * Bloodbath – Nightmares Made Flesh – (vocals) – 2004
 * Kataklysm – Serenity in Fire – (guest vocals on "For All Our Sins") – 2004
 * Destruction – Inventor of Evil – (guest vocals on "The Alliance of Hellhoundz") – 2005
 * Nuclear Blast All-Stars – Out of the Dark – (guest vocals on "Schizo") – 2007
 * Sonic Syndicate – We Rule the Night – (lyrics and co-wrote music with Jonas Kjellgren on "Leave Me Alone") – 2010
 * Exodus – Exhibit B: The Human Condition – (backing vocals on "The Sun Is My Destroyer") – 2010
 * The Unguided – Nightmareland EP – (guest vocals on "Pathfinder") – 2011
 * Turmion Kätilöt – Perstechnique – (guest vocals on "Grand Ball") – 2011
 * Sabaton – Carolus Rex – (guest vocals on "Gott mit Uns" and "Twilight of the Thunder God", guitar solo on "Twilight of the Thunder God") – 2012
 * Sabaton – The Last Stand – (production) – 2016
 * Immortal – Northern Chaos Gods – (production, bass (session)) – 2018

Production credits

 * Hypocrisy – The Fourth Dimension (1994)
 * Amon Amarth – Sorrow Throughout the Nine Worlds (1995)
 * The Abyss – The Other Side (1995)
 * Naglfar – Vittra (1995)
 * Death Organ – 9 to 5 (1995)
 * Dark Funeral – The Secrets of the Black Arts (1996)
 * Fleshcrawl – Bloodsoul (1996)
 * Hypocrisy – Abducted (1996)
 * The Abyss – Summon the Beast (1996)
 * Setherial – Nord (1996)
 * Marduk – Heaven Shall Burn... When We Are Gathered (1996)
 * Marduk – Glorification (1996)
 * Pain – Pain (1997)
 * Dimmu Borgir – Enthrone Darkness Triumphant (1997)
 * Marduk – Live in Germania (1997)
 * Fleshcrawl – Bloodred Massacre (1997)
 * Hypocrisy – The Final Chapter (1997)
 * Abruptum – Vi Sonus Veris Nigrae Malitiaes (1997)
 * Therion – A'arab Zaraq – Lucid Dreaming (1997)
 * Dark Funeral – Vobiscum Satanas (1998)
 * Amon Amarth – Once Sent from the Golden Hall (1998)
 * Dimmu Borgir – Godless Savage Garden (1998)
 * Marduk – Nightwing (1998)
 * Dispatched – Promised Land (1998)
 * Love Like Blood – Snakekiller (1998)
 * Love Like Blood – The Love Like Blood E.P. (1998)
 * Enslaved – Blodhemn (1998)
 * Raise Hell – Holy Target (1998)
 * Thyrfing – ''Valdr Galga (1999)
 * Hypocrisy – Hypocrisy (1999)
 * Immortal – At the Heart of Winter (1999)
 * Dimmu Borgir – Spiritual Black Dimensions (1999)
 * Marduk – Panzer Division Marduk (1999)
 * PAIN – Rebirth (1999)
 * Amon Amarth – The Avenger (1999)
 * Borknagar – Quintessence (2000)
 * Children of Bodom – Follow the Reaper (2000)
 * Dark Funeral – Teach Children to Worship Satan (2000)
 * Destruction – All Hell Breaks Loose (2000)
 * Dispatched – ''Motherwar (2000)
 * Dark Funeral – In the Sign... (2000)
 * Old Man's Child – Revelation 666 - The Curse of Damnation (2000)
 * Hypocrisy – Into the Abyss (2000)
 * Immortal – Damned in Black (2000)
 * Rotting Christ – Khronos (2000)
 * Neglected Fields – Mephisto Lettonica (2000)
 * Enslaved – Mardraum – Beyond the Within (2000)
 * Gardenian – Sindustries (2000)
 * Susperia – Predominance (2001)
 * Marduk – La Grande Danse Macabre (2001)
 * Amon Amarth – The Crusher (2001)
 * Destruction – The Antichrist (2001)
 * Dark Funeral – Diabolis Interium (2001)
 * Immortal – Sons of Northern Darkness (2002)
 * Hypocrisy – Catch 22 (2002)
 * Susperia – Vindication (2002)
 * PAIN – Nothing Remains the Same (2002)
 * Shining – Angst, självdestruktivitetens emissarie (2002)
 * Marduk – World Funeral (2003)
 * Grimfist – Ghouls of Grandeur (2003)
 * Forgotten Tomb – Springtime Depression (2003)
 * Hypocrisy – The Arrival (2004)
 * Maryslim – Split Vision (2004)
 * Grave – Fiendish Regression (2004)
 * PAIN – Dancing with the Dead (2005)
 * Destruction – Inventor of Evil (2005)
 * Hypocrisy – Virus (2005)
 * Dimmu Borgir – Stormblåst MMV (2005)
 * Celtic Frost – Monotheist (2006)
 * Grave – As Rapture Comes (2006)
 * Noctiferia – Slovenska Morbida (2006)
 * PAIN – Psalms of Extinction (2007)
 * Maryslim – A Perfect Mess (2007)
 * Children of Bodom – Blooddrunk (2008)
 * Hypocrisy – Catch 22 V2.0.08 (2008)
 * PAIN – Cynic Paradise (2008)
 * Sanctification – Black Reign (2008)
 * Sabaton – The Art of War (2008)
 * Tarja – The Seer (EP) (2008)
 * Immortal – All Shall Fall (2009)
 * Hypocrisy – A Taste of Extreme Divinity (2009)
 * Dark Funeral – Angelus Exuro pro Eternus (2009)
 * Sabaton – Coat of Arms (2010)
 * Overkill – Ironbound (2010)
 * Noctiferia – Death Culture (2010)
 * Immortal – The Seventh Date of Blashyrkh (2010)
 * Abigail Williams – In the Absence of Light (2011)
 * Belphegor – Blood Magick Necromance (2011)
 * Legion of the Damned – Descent into Chaos (2011)
 * Kampfar – Mare (2011)
 * The Unguided – Nightmareland (EP) (2011)
 * Loudblast – Frozen Moments Between Life And Death (2011)
 * Septicflesh – The Great Mass (2011)
 * PAIN – You Only Live Twice (2011)
 * Heidevolk – Batavi (2012)
 * Carnalation – Deathmask (2012)
 * Essence – Last Night Of Solace (2012)
 * Sabaton – Carolus Rex (2012)
 * Amorphis – Circle (2013)
 * Children Of Bodom – Halo of Blood (2013)
 * Hypocrisy – End of Disclosure (2013)
 * Sabaton – Heroes (2014)
 * Carach Angren – This Is No Fairytale (2015)
 * Lindemann – Skills in Pills (2015)
 * Discharge - End Of Days (2016)
 * Sabaton – The Last Stand (2016)
 * PAIN – Coming Home (2016)
 * Carach Angren – Dance and Laugh Amongst the Rotten (2017)
 * Immortal –  Northern Chaos Gods (2018)
 * Lindemann - F&M (2019)
 * Hypocrisy – Worship (2021)

title: Peter Tägtgren


text:
Camille Rose Garcia

Camille Rose Garcia (born November 18, 1970) is a California-based lowbrow/pop surrealism artist. She produces paintings in a gothic, "creepy" cartoon style. She cites her influences to be Walt Disney and Philip K. Dick.

Early life and education
Garcia's parents met in art school in San Francisco. Her father, filmmaker David Garcia, was of Mexican and Yaqui background, and her mother, Rosemary Garcia, is a muralist. Garcia's parents divorced when she was young and her mother raised her and her sister in Orange County, in close proximity to Disneyland.

Camille Rose Garcia received her Master of Fine Arts degree at University of California at Davis in 1994 and her BFA from Otis College of Art and Design in 1992. Six years of art school left her disillusioned and bitter, so she decided to move back home to Huntington Beach, California, and started a band, The Real Minx.

Career
Garcia's first solo show was in 1999 at the Merry Karnowsky Gallery, where she would go on to frequently exhibit. She was one of the artists whose work was featured in the 2004 Last Gasp book Pop Surrealism: The Rise of Underground Art, as an example of the genre.

In 2007, the San Jose Museum of Art held a mid-career retrospective called Tragic Kingdom: The Art of Camille Rose Garcia.

She illustrated a version of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland in 2010. "The original illustrations by John Tenniel have always been some of my favorites, " said Garcia in an interview when asked about the book. "I have three copies of the book here because I collect children's stories. That's one of my favorite stories because it's actually a real dark story. She falls down the hole and no one is really nice to her at all. Pretty much every character she encounters, they're not really on her side. So re-reading it I realized I could do a little bit darker of an interpretation than the original illustrations." In 2013, her art for the book was shown at The Walt Disney Family Museum, where her work was displayed alongside that of Mary Blair.

On November 2, 2013, Garcia was part of a four-woman show in Los Angeles called "Black Moon" with fellow female artists, Jessicka Addams, Elizabeth McGrath and Marion Peck.

In 2018, Garcia was honored at Art Basel Miami by Maestro Dobel Tequila for her work as an artist of Mexican heritage.

Garcia's work has appeared in Modern Painters, Juxtapoz, Rolling Stone, Flaunt, and BLAB! magazines. Her paintings are in the collections of the San Jose Museum of Art and LACMA.

title: Camille Rose Garcia


text:
Arab Socialist Union

The Arab Socialist Union may refer to:
 * Arab Socialist Union (Egypt), active 1962–78
 * Arab Socialist Union (Iraq), active 1964–68
 * Arab Socialist Union (Libya), active 1971−77
 * Arab Socialist Union Party (Syria), founded in 1973
 * Democratic Arab Socialist Union (Syria), founded in 1980

title: Arab Socialist Union


text:
Talk:Dominic Roussel

Working to make this article more detailed
I'm going to try and add more info about Roussel, and if anyone else would like to pitch in, be my guest. If you have any suggestions,criticisms, or just flat out disagree with what I edit into this article just tell me. I don't do sources very well, but if anyone would like to know where I received my info again just ask. I don't know how long this article will take me since I'm working on a couple of others, but sure enough I'll get to it. Too bad Roussel's career didn't pan out, I really enjoyed watching him. Canutethegreat (talk) 22:40, 23 November 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dominic Roussel


text: Wikipedia:POTD/October 14, 2005

title: Wikipedia:POTD/October 14, 2005


text: Wikipedia:Picture of the day/October 17, 2005


text: Wikipedia:POTD/October 17, 2005

title: Wikipedia:POTD/October 17, 2005


text: Wikipedia:Picture of the day/October 14, 2005


text:
Asciano

Asciano is a comune and hill town in the province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany. It is located at the centre of the Crete senesi between the river Ombrone and the torrent Copra, some 30 km southeast of the town of Siena by rail.

History
Asciano has origins as Etruscan, Roman and Lombard settlements. A 5th century BC Etruscan necropolis has been excavated nearby and remains of Roman baths, with a fine mosaic pavement were found within the town in 1898. During the medieval period its location made it a site of contest between Siena and Florence: the battle of Montaperti was fought in the nearby on 4 September 1260. The village was purchased by the Sienese in 1285 and surrounded by walls in 1351, and has some 14th-century churches with paintings of the same period.

Main sights
basilica of Sant'Agata: 11th century, Romanesque church, built of travertine. Layout has a single nave topped by a truss roof, is adorned with decorative elements of the Lombard type. Outside is its 13th century campanile. The interior houses two 16th-century frescoes, one by Il Sodoma and a Pietà attributed to Bartolomeo Neroni.

Adjoining the church is the Museo d'Arte Sacra where works by painters in the Sienese manner of the 14th and 15th centuries are exhibited. The Museo Archeologico contains finds from the excavation of chamber tombs from the cemetery of Poggio Pinci.

10 kilometers (6 mi) to the south is the large Benedictine monastery of Monte Oliveto Maggiore, mother-house of the Olivetans and founded in 1320. The cloister is famous for the series of frescoes illustrating scenes from the legend of St. Benedict begun by Luca Signorelli and completed by il Sodoma in 1505. The latter master's work is perhaps nowhere better represented than here. The church contains fine inlaid choir stalls by Fra Giovanni da Verona. The buildings, which are mostly of red brick, are conspicuous against the grey clayey and sandy soil—the crete senesi which give this area of Tuscany its name. The monastery is described by Pope Pius II in his Commentaria.
 * San Bernardino: small Romanesque church

Neighbouring comuni
Buonconvento, Castelnuovo Berardenga, Monteroni d'Arbia, Rapolano Terme, San Giovanni d'Asso, Siena, Sinalunga, Trequanda

Frazioni
The municipality is formed by the municipal seat of Asciano and the towns and villages (frazioni) of Arbia, Castelnuovo Scalo, Chiusure, Torre a Castello. Other notable villages include Calceno, Campana, Camparboli, Casabianca, Casanova Pansarine, Castelnuovo Grilli, Collanza, Grania, Leonina, Medane, Monselvoli, Montalceto, Montauto, Montebaroni, Montecalvoli, Montecerconi, Montecontieri, Montemori, Monte Oliveto Maggiore, Monte Sante Marie, Mucigliani, Pievina, Poggio Pinci, San Martino in Grania, San Vito and Vescona.

title: Asciano


text: User talk:84.36.96.109

title: User talk:84.36.96.109


text:
User:Rikus Combrinck

Wikipedia Home for Rikus Combrinck

title: User:Rikus Combrinck


text:
Charles MacNaughton

Charles Steel MacNaughton (May 15, 1911 – November 20, 1987) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1958 to 1973 who represented the central Ontario riding of Huron. He served as a cabinet minister in the governments of John Robarts and Bill Davis.

Background
MacNaughton was born in Strasbourg, Saskatchewan in 1911 and grew up and lived in Brandon, Manitoba, where he worked in the seed industry, before moving to Exeter, Ontario in 1944 as a seed distributor. He was a founding member of the South Huron Hospital in Exeter and served as a member of the South Huron District High School Board for nine years, including two as chairman.

MacNaughton died in Exeter on November 17, 1987. He was married to Adeline M. W. Fulcher (1913–1997) and was survived by son, John MacNaughton (d. 2013), a Toronto investment banker and Heather MacNaughton. MacNaughton is buried in the Exeter Cemetery, Huron County, Ontario. MacNaughton Park and MacNaughton-Morrison section of South Huron Trail are named for the former MPP.

Politics
MacNaughton ran as the PC candidate in a by-election held on May 12, 1958. He defeated his Liberal opponent J.A. Addison by 1,197 votes. He was re-elected four times before retiring in 1973.

On October 25, 1962 he was appointed as Minister of Highways. In this position he oversaw the completion of Highway 401 and its expansion of six lanes and more in some places. On November 25, 1966 he was appointed as Treasurer of Ontario.

When Bill Davis became Premier in 1971 he returned MacNaughton to the Transportation portfolio.

MacNaughton retired from politics in January, 1973 and Davis appointed him as chairman of the Ontario Racing Commission.

title: Charles MacNaughton


text:
Joel Hirschhorn

Joel Hirschhorn (December 18, 1937 – September 17, 2005) was an American songwriter. He won the Academy Award for Best Original Song on two occasions. He also wrote songs for a number of musicians, including Elvis Presley and Roy Orbison. Hirschhorn was born in the Bronx and attended the High School of Performing Arts in Manhattan. After graduating, Hirschhorn became a regular performer on New York's nightclub circuit, both as a solo singer and as a member of the rock & roll band, The Highlighters.

During the mid-1960s, Hirschhorn branched out into writing film soundtracks. The first score he wrote was for Who Killed Teddy Bear? (1965), which was directed by his friend Joseph Cates. He worked with Cates again the following year in The Fat Spy. However, the film was received so badly that Hirschhorn struggled to find work in Hollywood for years afterwards.

Hirschhorn, along with songwriting partner Al Kasha, did not work on another film until 1970's The Cheyenne Social Club, which was directed by Gene Kelly. It was the pair's next effort, for The Poseidon Adventure (1972), that really made their name. "The Morning After", a song they wrote in a single evening, won them their first Oscar and also topped the Billboard chart.

The Towering Inferno (1974) provided Hirschhorn and Kasha with their second Oscars, this time for the "We May Never Love Like This Again". Following this success, the pair received two further Oscar nominations, both for their work on Pete's Dragon (1977).

Hirschhorn and Kasha continued to work together until the late 1990s, their final collaboration being Rescue Me (1992). The pair also worked together on Broadway musicals, receiving Tony Award for Best Original Score nominations for both Copperfield and Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. Late in his career, Hirschhorn wrote The Complete Idiot's Guide to Songwriting, which was first published in 2001.

title: Joel Hirschhorn


text:
User talk:AliBert-4922

Hello, ! I'm ulayiti, and I'd like to welcome you to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions, and I hope you'll like the place enough to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style
 * How to avoid common mistakes

When commenting on talk pages or voting, you should always sign your name by typing in four tildes (~~~~). This way people will know who made the comment and can respond to you. If you have any questions at all, feel free to ask me on my talk page. You can also have a look at the help pages or put up a question at the village pump. Welcome to Wikipedia, and happy editing! - ulayiti (talk)  18:42, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:AliBert-4922


text:
Kohlrausch

Kohlrausch may refer to:

 * Eduard Kohlrausch (1874–1948), Jurist, Rector of Humboldt University 1932–33
 * Ernst Kohlrausch (1850–1923), Sports researcher and film pioneer
 * Friedrich Wilhelm Georg Kohlrausch (1840–1910), German physicist noted for research on conductivity of electrolyte solutions, son of Rudolf
 * Heinrich Friedrich Theodor Kohlrausch (1780–1867), director of the Royal Hanover General School
 * Karl Wilhelm Friedrich Kohlrausch (1884–1953), Austrian physicist
 * Otto Kohlrausch (1811–1854), German surgeon, son of Heinrich
 * Rudolf Kohlrausch (1809–1858), German physicist noted for research on electromagnetism and electromagnetic relaxation phenomena, son of Heinrich

title: Kohlrausch


text:
Multi-chip module

A multi-chip module (MCM) is generically an electronic assembly (such as a package with a number of conductor terminals or "pins") where multiple integrated circuits (ICs or "chips"), semiconductor dies and/or other discrete components are integrated, usually onto a unifying substrate, so that in use it can be treated as if it were a larger IC. Other terms for MCM packaging include "heterogeneous integration" or "hybrid integrated circuit". The advantage of using MCM packaging is it allows a manufacturer to use multiple components for modularity and/or to improve yields over a conventional monolithic IC approach.

A Flip Chip Multi-Chip Module (FCMCM) is a multi-chip module that uses flip chip technology. A FCMCM may have one large die and several smaller dies all on the same module.

Overview
Multi-chip modules come in a variety of forms depending on the complexity and development philosophies of their designers. These can range from using pre-packaged ICs on a small printed circuit board (PCB) meant to mimic the package footprint of an existing chip package to fully custom chip packages integrating many chip dies on a high density interconnection (HDI) substrate. The final assembled MCM substrate may be done in one of the following ways:

 * The substrate is a multi-layer laminated printed circuit board (PCB), such as those used in AMD's Zen 2 processors.
 * The substrate is built on ceramic, such as low temperature co-fired ceramic
 * The ICs are deposited on the base substrate using Thin Film technology.

The ICs that make up the MCM package may be:
 * ICs that can perform most, if not all of the functions of a component of a computer, such as the CPU. Examples of this include implementations of IBM's POWER5 and Intel's Core 2 Quad. Multiple copies of the same IC are used to build the final product. In the case of POWER5, multiple POWER5 processors and their associated off-die L3 cache are used to build the final package. With the Core 2 Quad, effectively two Core 2 Duo dies were packaged together.
 * ICs that perform only some of the functions, or "Intellectual Property Blocks" ("IP Blocks"), of a component in a computer. These are known as chiplets. An example of this are the processing ICs and I/O IC of AMD's Zen 2-based processors.

An interposer connects the ICs. This is often either organic (a laminated circuit board that contains carbon, hence organic) or is made of silicon (as in High Bandwidth Memory). Each has advantages and limitations. Using interposers to connect several ICs instead of connecting several monolithic ICs in separate packages reduces the power needed to transmit signals between ICs, increases the number of transmission channels, and reduces delays caused by resistance and capacitance (RC delays). However, communication between chiplets consumes more power and has higher latency than components within monolithic ICs.

Chip stack MCMs
A relatively new development in MCM technology is the so-called "chip-stack" package. Certain ICs, memories in particular, have very similar or identical pinouts when used multiple times within systems. A carefully designed substrate can allow these dies to be stacked in a vertical configuration making the resultant MCM's footprint much smaller (albeit at the cost of a thicker or taller chip). Since area is more often at a premium in miniature electronics designs, the chip-stack is an attractive option in many applications such as cell phones and personal digital assistants (PDAs). With the use of a 3D integrated circuit and a thinning process, as many as ten dies can be stacked to create a high capacity SD memory card. This technique can also be used for High Bandwidth Memory.

The possible way to increasing the performance of data transfer in the Chip stack is use Wireless Networks on Chip (WiNoC).

Examples of multi-chip packages

 * IBM Bubble memory MCMs (1970s)
 * IBM 3081 mainframe's thermal conduction module (1980s)
 * Superconducting Multichip modules (1990s)
 * Intel Pentium Pro, Pentium II OverDrive, Pentium D Presler, Xeon Dempsey, Clovertown, Harpertown and Tigerton, Core 2 Quad (Kentsfield, Penryn-QC and Yorkfield), Clarkdale, Arrandale, Kaby Lake-G, and models with Crystalwell (those with the GT3e or GT4e graphics)
 * SD cards, Micro-SD cards and Sony memory sticks
 * eMMC and eUFS
 * Xenos, a GPU designed by ATI Technologies for the Xbox 360, with eDRAM
 * POWER2, POWER4, POWER5, POWER7, POWER8, and Power10 from IBM
 * IBM z196
 * Nintendo's Wii U Espresso (microprocessor) has its CPU, GPU, and onboard VRAM (integrated into the GPU) on one MCM.
 * VIA Nano QuadCore
 * Flash and RAM memory combined on a PoP by Micron
 * Samsung MCP solutions combining mobile DRAM and NAND storage.
 * AMD Ryzen Threadripper and Epyc CPUs based on Zen or Zen+ architecture are MCMs of two or four chips (Ryzen based on Zen or Zen+ is not MCM and consist of one chip)
 * AMD's non-APU Ryzen, Ryzen Threadripper and Epyc CPUs based on the Zen 2 or Zen 3 architecture are MCMs of one, two, four or eight chips containing CPU cores and one bigger I/O chip
 * AMD Instinct MI series GPUs based on CDNA 2 architecture are MCMs of one or two graphics compute die (GCD) chips.
 * AMD Radeon RX 7000 series GPUs based on RDNA 3 architecture are MCMs with one GCD and up to six memory cache die (MCD) chips.
 * Intel Xe Ponte Vecchio GPUs
 * Intel Meteor Lake CPUs
 * Any other processor with High Bandwidth Memory
 * Apple M series with CPU and memory
 * Intel Lunar Lake with CPU and memory

title: Multi-chip module


text:
User talk:Quillanbutterfly

Ok. I recently bought a guinea pig in July. I bought it at 2 wks old and she was doing great until about 4 days ago. I noticed that she is not moving so much and she has a lack of feces output..or rather, she poops but it is bloody and its like here intestinal tract is coming out or somthing! I want some advice/tips on what's going on with here (to prevent taking her to the vet) but I know it sounds serious, so I probably will take here to be safe. I would like to know what's wrong with here. I know about vitamine deficiency and all that and have been loyally bringing her veggies and greens. As to say she's been eating them..no not really. Well, I would love some help with this, and if anyone knows of any free online service that would help me, I would really appreciate it.

Your Guinea pig loving fan,

Naomi

title: User talk:Quillanbutterfly


text:
Sony eVilla

The Sony eVilla is a discontinued Internet appliance from Sony. It debuted at the Consumer Electronics Show 2001 and was released to the public on June 14, 2001 for $499 USD after 18 months of development. With the additional $21.95 USD monthly fee, users could access the Internet, send and receive e-mail, play audio and video, and save files to Sony's Memory Stick.

After less than three months in the market, Sony discontinued the product on September 13, 2001. Customers received full refunds for the product and the monthly subscription fee. Spokesman John Dolak remarked that "[the] product did not meet our expectations, it did not operate as planned."

Sony entered the Internet appliance market as other manufacturers were getting out, canceling their plans, and discontinuing their offerings. By the time the Sony eVilla shipped, only 150,000 internet appliance devices had shipped within the past year. In addition, many customers could not justify the purchase of an inherently limited internet appliance when other manufacturers were offering more capable personal computers for the same price.

Hardware and software
The Sony eVilla was powered by a 266 MHz Geode GX 1 CPU, with 64 MiB DRAM, and 24 MiB flash memory. It weighed 31.5 pounds (14.3 kg) and measured 11.81 × 16.18 × 15.82 inches (30 × 41.1 x 40.2 cm). The display was a portrait-style 15 inch (38 cm) Sony Trinitron, with 800×1024 pixel resolution.

There was no hard disk, but the system could read and write to Sony's Memory Stick cards. The included keyboard and mouse were connected by two PS/2 ports, and additional devices could be connected with two USB ports. A 56K V.90 modem was built into the case, which also housed an unused Ethernet port.

The system used the BeIA 1.0 operating system from Be Inc., and supported Java applications, Macromedia Flash animations, and some Microsoft Office file formats. Also included was RealNetworks's RealPlayer. One of the major drawbacks of the eVilla was the inability to save pictures and media from internet sites.

title: Sony eVilla


text: User talk:130.126.184.156

title: User talk:130.126.184.156


text:
Neuroma

A neuroma (plural: neuromata or neuromas) is a growth or tumor of nerve tissue. Neuromas tend to be benign (i.e. not cancerous); many nerve tumors, including those that are commonly malignant, are nowadays referred to by other terms.

Neuromas can arise from different types of nervous tissue, including the nerve fibers and their myelin sheath, as in the case of genuine neoplasms (growths) like ganglioneuromas and neurinomas.

The term is also used to refer to any swelling of a nerve, even in the absence of abnormal cell growth. In particular, traumatic neuroma results from trauma to a nerve, often during a surgical procedure. Morton's neuroma affects the foot. Neuromas can be painful, or sometimes, as in the case of acoustic neuromas, can give rise to other symptoms.

Neoplasms

 * Acoustic neuroma - a slow-growing,  benign tumor of the  acoustic nerve. Symptoms, which most often start after the age of 30, can include dizziness, headache, vertigo, loss of balance, ringing sensations, and numbness.
 * Ganglioneuroma - a tumor of the sympathetic nerve fibers arising from neural crest cells.
 * Pacinian neuroma - a very rare, painful, benign hyperplastic tumor of Pacinian corpuscles (mechanoreceptors responsible for sensitivity to vibration and pressure), sometimes linked to a history of local trauma.

Other nerve swellings
Some of the benign varieties of neuroma, in the broadest sense of the term, are not neoplasms.
 * Traumatic neuroma follows different forms of nerve injury (often as a result of surgery). They occur at the end of injured nerve fibres as a form of ineffective, unregulated nerve regeneration; it occurs most commonly near a scar, either superficially (skin, subcutaneous fat) or deep (e.g., after a cholecystectomy). They are often very painful. Synonyms include scar neuroma, amputation neuroma, or pseudoneuroma.
 * Morton's neuroma (a mononeuropathy of the foot) is another example of the more general usage of the term neuroma. Some prefer the term "Morton's metatarsalgia", thus avoiding the term neuroma and its association with tumors.

Etymology
The stem neuro- originates from the Greek word for nerve (νεῦρον), while the suffix -oma (-ωμα) denotes swelling. The stem does not imply that neuromas necessarily arise from neurons; neuromas generally arise from non-neuronal nerve tissues. The word was originally used to refer to any nerve tumor, but its meaning has evolved.

title: Neuroma


text:
Black Fork Mountain Wilderness

The Black Fork Mountain Wilderness Area is located in the U.S. states of Arkansas and Oklahoma. Created by an act of Congress in 1984, the wilderness covers an area of 13,139 acres (53 km²). The Arkansas portion contains 8430 acre and the Oklahoma portion contains 5140 acre. Located within Ouachita National Forest, the wilderness is managed by the U.S. Forest Service. The area is about 2 mile north of Page, Oklahoma, and about 6 mi north of Mena, Arkansas.

This infrequently visited wilderness follows the main ridgeline of Black Fork Mountain for 13 miles (21 km) which rises to more than 2,400 feet (731 m). Steep cliffsides provide sanctuary to groves of Dwarf Oak, Serviceberry and Granddaddy Greybeard (known as the fringe tree Chionanthus) which have a few unique species represented here.

There are few trails through the wilderness and none at all in the Oklahoma sections. Visitors should expect difficult hiking conditions and few sources for water as there are only two springs along the higher mountain slopes. Black bears are known to inhabit the wilderness, along with white-tailed deer, bobcat, skunk and pheasant.

The wilderness contains extensive areas of unlogged, old-growth forest. Along the ridge of Black Fork Mountain are several thousand acres of stunted old-growth Post Oak, Shortleaf Pine, and Hickory. There is also a small grove of old-growth sugar maple forest nestled in the folds of the mountain slopes.

U.S. Wilderness Areas do not allow motorized or mechanized vehicles, including bicycles. Although camping and fishing are usually allowed with a proper permit, no roads or buildings can be constructed and there is also no logging or mining, in compliance with the 1964 Wilderness Act. Wilderness areas within National Forests and Bureau of Land Management areas also allow hunting in season.

The mountain was the site of the crash of Texas International Airlines Flight 655 on September 27, 1973, in which 11 persons died.

title: Black Fork Mountain Wilderness


text: User talk:86.197.47.63

title: User talk:86.197.47.63


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Goldsea

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Rob Church Talk 00:00, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

Goldsea
Alexa 60 something k so this is a small scale site. Written as an advertisement. delete

lots of issues | leave me a message 18:46, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * keep. rank notwithstanding it is a quite elaborate site, definitely not a college dorm operation. mikka (t) 00:13, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Your opinion of the quality of the site is your own POV, mikka. It has nothing to do with inclusion criteria. / Peter Isotalo 01:14, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Yet another non-notable website. / Peter Isotalo 01:14, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as non-notable wrt wiki standards. Eddie.willers 02:10, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Goldsea


text:
Talk:Illegal agreement

I'm a insured Pennsylvania painting contractor.

What by law, must my proposal and acceptance contain in order to be legitimate so that if a customer decides not to pay me......the signed agreement will hold up in small claims court.

Contracts that become illegal
Conspicuous by its absence from the article is discussion of contracts that are legislated into illegality between their acceptance and performance, such as a contract to deliver liquor that came into existence immediately prior to the enactment of the Volstead Act. --Damian Yerrick (talk) 16:52, 23 August 2015 (UTC)
 * Most likely because of the complexity of the issue. The public policy exception to enforceability of contracts is hard enough as is without the additional variable of the public policy changing between contract execution and performance. It would take about 15 hours of good legal research to write a coherent and well-supported analysis and the few attorneys capable of competently tackling such a difficult issue have time or energy to do that work for free for Wikipedia.  Notice how it took eight years just to bring the far more important article on Law of the United States to a reasonably coherent state. --Coolcaesar (talk) 20:33, 23 August 2015 (UTC)

Other countries
What about countries other than common law countries? Is there an equivalent under other legal systems? WheresSnickers (talk) 20:09, 11 March 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Illegal agreement


text: User talk:80.43.45.233

title: User talk:80.43.45.233


text:
Departments of Senegal

The 14 regions of Senegal are subdivided into 46 departments and 103 arrondissements (neither of which have administrative function) and by collectivités locales (the 14 régions, 110 communes, and 320 communautés rurales) which elect administrative officers.

Since three new regions increased the number of departments to 45 in 2008, the most recent addition, of Keur Massar, in May 2008 brings the number to 46. The departments are listed below, by region:

Dakar Region

 * Dakar Department
 * Guédiawaye Department
 * Keur Massar Department (since May 2021)
 * Pikine Department
 * Rufisque Department

Diourbel Region

 * Bambey Department
 * Diourbel Department
 * Mbacké Department

Fatick Region

 * Fatick Department
 * Foundiougne Department
 * Gossas Department

Kaffrine Region

 * Kaffrine Department
 * Birkilane Department
 * Koungheul Department
 * Malem Hoddar Department

Kaolack Region

 * Guinguinéo Department
 * Kaolack Department
 * Nioro du Rip Department

Kédougou Region

 * Kédougou Department
 * Salémata Department
 * Saraya Department

Kolda Region

 * Kolda Department
 * Médina Yoro Foulah Department
 * Vélingara Department

Louga Region

 * Kébémer Department
 * Linguère Department
 * Louga Department

Matam Region

 * Kanel Department
 * Matam Department
 * Ranérou Ferlo Department

Saint-Louis Region

 * Dagana Department
 * Podor Department
 * Saint-Louis Department

Sédhiou Region

 * Bounkiling Department
 * Goudomp Department
 * Sédhiou Department

Tambacounda Region

 * Bakel Department
 * Goudiry Department
 * Koumpentoum Department
 * Tambacounda Department

Thiès Region

 * M'bour Department
 * Thiès Department
 * Tivaouane Department

Ziguinchor Region

 * Bignona Department
 * Oussouye Department
 * Ziguinchor Department

title: Departments of Senegal


text:
US Massese 1919

Unione Sportiva Massese 1919 is an Italian football club, based in Massa, Tuscany. Massese currently plays in Serie E, having last been in Serie B in 1970–71 season.

History
The first club in Massa was founded in 1919 as Società Sportiva Juventus Massa with green colors.

The black and white Massese dates back to the end of World War II in 1945. In the summer of 1991 it was renamed Unione Sportiva Massese 1919, but in 2009 it went bankrupt and it was reformed under the current name.

In the season 2011–12 the team was promoted from Eccellenza Tuscany/A to Serie D after playoffs.

Colors and badge
The team's colors are black and white.

Notable former players

 * 🇮🇹 Claudio Vinazzani
 * 🇮🇹 Giorgio Chinaglia
 * 🇮🇹 Roberto Mussi
 * 🇮🇹 Giancarlo Oddi
 * 🇮🇹 Gianluca Pessotto
 * 🇮🇹 Giacomo Lorenzini

title: US Massese 1919


text: Category:Subdivisions of Senegal

title: Category:Subdivisions of Senegal


text:
Michel Riesen

Michel Riesen (born April 11, 1979) is a Swiss former professional ice hockey winger. Most of his career, which lasted from 1994 to 2014, was spent in the Swiss Nationalliga A, though he also played 12 games in the National Hockey League with the Edmonton Oilers during the 2000–01 season. Internationally Riesen played for the Swiss national team in several junior tournaments and three World Championships. After retiring he turned to coaching and has worked at the junior level in Switzerland since 2015.

Playing career
He was selected in the first round of the 1997 NHL Entry Draft, 14th overall, by the Edmonton Oilers. At the time he was the highest-drafted Swiss player in NHL history.

Riesen was twice a member of Switzerland's World Junior team (1997, 1998) and a member of its World Championship team (1998). Riesen made his North American debut on the AHL's Hamilton Bulldogs team in 1998–99. Riesen played three seasons in Hamilton with his best season being in 1999–00 when he registered 60 points (29G-31A).

Riesen made his NHL debut in the 2000–01 season with the Oilers, playing in 12 games in what would be his only NHL season. On July 1, 2001, Riesen was traded from the Oilers, along with Doug Weight, to the St. Louis Blues for Marty Reasoner, Jochen Hecht and Jan Horacek. Riesen never played for the Blues, opting to head back to Switzerland for the 2001–02 season to rejoin HC Davos.

In the 2006-07 season, Riesen was the top goal scorer in the NLA with 37 goals.

title: Michel Riesen


text: User talk:63.83.250.163

title: User talk:63.83.250.163


text: User talk:70.17.162.33

title: User talk:70.17.162.33


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Departments of Senegal

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep. Physchim62 14:31, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

Departments of Senegal
Article is vague and has no context on the subject. Solarusdude 18:50, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Weak delete This might well be a proper article, or a proper section of Senegal. But the present sub-stub has no content at all. If significant verifiable content were added i would rethink my view. DES (talk) 19:23, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, like Counties of the United States. Kappa 19:59, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, the article is actually empty. The names of the departements (sic!) ought to go into Regions of Senegal. Pilatus 20:55, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * So no-one needs to know how many departments Senegal has? Kappa 20:58, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I added content from elsewhere in Wikipedia. It should, of course, be expanded. Punkmorten 21:06, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Check out Geohive. Punkmorten 21:24, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've finished the expansion. All we need now is a prettier table. Punkmorten 21:36, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * There is now some content, but not really enough for a good article, adn i don't see lots of prospect of further expansion. Merge into Regions of Senegal, or perhaps better merge this page and that one into Senegal. DES (talk) 21:39, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * In my eyes, a merge to Regions of Senegal would be misleading as the subjects in question are not regions, they are in fact departments and should be treated as such. The stated references supply material for further expansion. Punkmorten 21:45, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Regions is both a general adn a technical term -- it is certianly relevant to the list of regions (which is all that is in Regions of Senegal at present) what departmetns each region contains. But why not merge both Departments of Senegal and Regions of Senegal into Senegal? Do you realy expect so much additional content that separate pages are needed? Leave redirects in case people search on these terms. DES (talk) 21:52, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * We need to be able to link to departments of Senegal every time we say X is a department of Senegal. Kappa 22:13, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirects are cheap. Now Regions of Senegal has the nicer map and Departments of Senegal the nicer table. One of them ought to be redirected to the other. There is no need to split the information atom. Pilatus 22:26, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep it'll take time but should grow.    Dl yo ns 493   Ta lk   21:59, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Regions of Senegal. Pilatus 22:26, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as useful list. Regions are divided into departments and departments in turn are divided into arondissements see . Furthermore, Matam formerly a department of the Saint-Louis became a region in its own right with departments of its own so Departments are notable in their own right and a separate list of them is worthwhile. These are similar to counties in the US or local government in Australia. Capitalistroadster 00:41, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Regions of Senegal. I was the one who AFD'ed the article, but now that there's a lot more information in there (and in tabular form too), I'm happy with either keeping it or merging it. Solarusdude 00:57, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep new updated useful list.--Kewp (t) 14:01, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Talk:Michel Riesen

title: Talk:Michel Riesen


text:
Alta Vista, Ottawa

Alta Vista is a neighbourhood in Alta Vista Ward in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Its boundaries according to the Alta Vista Community Association are that part of Alta Vista Ward south of Smyth Road in the north, north of Walkley Road and east of the Rideau River (and Bank Street), and west of the "greenspace underneath Haig Drive". However, the name is ambiguous, as there are several sub-neighbourhoods in this area, (see list below), as the neighbourhood could refer to the ward as a whole, down to the core Alta Vista area, (which could be defined as south of Pleasant Park Road, north of Heron Road, and west of the eastern greenspace corridor), centred on Alta Vista Drive.

Alta Vista Drive is a major street running through the neighbourhood, and shares its name. Both are named for their relative height, as the neighbourhood is generally higher than most of the city. Alta Vista is a highly residential neighbourhood with a strong community, several schools, religious buildings of many faiths, and community centres. It also has a vast amount of greenspace and parks, much of which is part of the Alta Vista Transportation Corridor Environmental Assessment Ottawa East Community Association.

The OC Transpo Transitway also runs through Alta Vista, with two stations in the neighbourhood itself (Pleasant Park and Riverside) as well as two just outside (Billings Bridge and Smyth), serving as a vital transit link to the rest of the city.

The General Campus of the Ottawa Hospital, and The Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario are located just on the north side of Smyth Road, in Riverview, while the Riverside Campus of the Ottawa Hospital is located at Smyth and Riverside Drive. There are two shopping malls in and around Alta Vista: the Billings Bridge Plaza Shopping Centre at Bank Street and Riverside and the Elmvale Shopping Centre at St. Laurent and Smyth.

Alta Vista had a population of about 24,726 as of the Canada 2021 Census (Community Association borders).

History
The first subdivision in the area was built in 1892 and was known as Rideau Park. The area was part of the Billings Estate and was for market gardeners. Much of what is now Alta Vista was owned by the Billings Family and was part of their estate. An earlier subdivision known as Gateville was established in 1874 but disappeared in the 1920s.

The Alta Vista name dates back to at least 1939 as a separate subdivision from Rideau Park. At the time, the area was part of Gloucester Township, but was annexed by Ottawa in 1950. Alta Vista began to be suburbanized in the 1950s, with Rideau Park expanding, and the new subdivisions of Faircrest Heights, Applewood Acres being built in the north, Ridgemont in the south and Elmvale Acres in the east. In the 1960s, the subdivision of Urbandale Acres was built between Elmvale Acres and the rest of Alta Vista.

Sub neighbourhoods
The Alta Vista area encompasses many smaller neighbourhoods:

 * Applewood Acres
 * Billings
 * Canterbury
 * Faircrest
 * Guildwood Estates
 * Heron Gate
 * Playfair Park
 * Rideau Park
 * Ridgemont
 * Urbandale Acres

Schools
There are several schools in the area, including:

Public elementary schools
 * Alta Vista Public School
 * Arch Street Public School
 * Featherston Drive Public School
 * Pleasant Park Public School

Public secondary schools
 * Ridgemont High School
 * Canterbury High School

Catholic schools
 * St. Gemma Catholic
 * Ste-Geneviève Catholic School
 * St. Patrick's Intermediate
 * St. Patrick's High School

Demographics
Using the community association border, Alta Vista corresponds to Census Tracts 5050005.00, 5050006.00, 5050007.03, 5050007.01, 5050007.02, and 5050009.00 which have has a combined population of 20,615 (2016 census). Census Tract 5050007.02 corresponds to Heron Gate which had a population of 4,660 Census Tract 5050007.01 corresponds to Playfair Park which had a population of 2,463 Census Tract 5050007.03 corresponds to the Featherston Drive area (Guildwood Estates and Urbandale Acres) and had a population of 3,723 Census Tracts 5050006.00 and 5050005.00 make up the remaining core of Alta Vista, west of the greenspace running from Smyth Road to Walkley Road. These two census tracts had a combined population of 10,567.

title: Alta Vista, Ottawa