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The Weight Is a Gift

The Weight Is a Gift is the fourth album by American alternative rock band Nada Surf. It was released via Barsuk Records in 2005.

Recording
The album was produced by Death Cab for Cutie guitarist Chris Walla and mixed by Geoff Sanoff, John Goodmanson, John Agnello and Ed Stasium. Tom Beaujour did some guitar overdubs. The album features vocals from the Long Winters frontman John Roderick. It was recorded in two sessions at Hall of Justice in Seattle and Tiny Telephone Studios in San Francisco.

Release
The album was met with moderate success and favorable reviews. Critic Marc Hogan of Pitchfork wrote that the album is "another often-compelling set of melancholic post-Coldplay guitar-pop, made grittily optimistic by the tribulations of post-hipster existence".

In August 2006, Nada Surf appeared at the Lollapalooza festival.

Details
The song "Always Love" was featured in the 2007 film Disturbia.

According to NPR's program All Songs Considered, the band says the album "answers questions of lust and deception, greed and love, joy and regret and the rites of passage you weren't quite ready to pass through." In another interview, Matthew Caws described the imagery in the song "Your Legs Grow", saying: "When a challenge presents itself to you, it is so easy to have a kind of panicky feeling where you think, 'Oh my god – if that happened to me, I would die. If I have to stay in this job I'll die, or if I lose that person, I'll die.' And once in a while, those things you think will kill you happen. You know, someone breaks up with you, or one of your parents gets really sick or something. But you make it through anything, really. And the image that was in my mind was that if you were out at sea, and you were freezing and thought you were going to drown – somehow we have the capacity to get over anything and the image that I had in mind was that your legs would just grow down to the bottom and you'd walk out. We are capable of rescuing ourselves. I was holding onto that thought or being hopeful about it, since I was going through a hard time in a relationship."

Track listing
All tracks written by Matthew Caws, Daniel Lorca and Ira Elliot, except where noted.
 * 1) "Concrete Bed" – 2:29
 * 2) "Do It Again" – 3:39
 * 3) "Always Love" – 3:18
 * 4) "What Is Your Secret?" – 3:26
 * 5) "Your Legs Grow" – 4:00
 * 6) "All Is a Game" – 3:26
 * 7) "Blankest Year" – 2:12
 * 8) "Comes a Time" – 4:58
 * 9) "In the Mirror" – 3:41
 * 10) "Armies Walk" – 3:28
 * 11) "Imaginary Friends" – 4:44
 * 12) "Untitled Instrumental" (hidden track) - 1:57

Bonus disc
Many albums included a four-track bonus disc.
 * 1) "From the Rooftop Down" – 2:44
 * 2) "Fools" (Peter Perrett) – 2:54
 * 3) "Concrete Bed (Original Version)" – 2:10
 * 4) "Au fond du rêve doré" (Françoise Hardy) – 2:05

title: The Weight Is a Gift


text:
Talk:Interstate Highway System/Archive 1

'''DO NOT EDIT OR POST REPLIES TO THIS PAGE. THIS PAGE IS AN ARCHIVE.'''

This archive page covers approximately the dates between 2003 to Dec. 31, 2004.

Post replies to the main talk page, copying the section you are replying to if necessary. (See How to archive a talk page.)

Please add new archivals to Talk:Interstate Highway/Archive02. Thank you. Novasource 03:36, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Safety Issue

 * "Some stretches of highway, e.g. in the Arizona desert, are considered dangerous due to extreme heat. Local police recommends drivers to pass through as quickly as possible, on those roads, speed limit is seldom enforced."

This can't possibly be true. IIRC, AZ Highway patrol are notorious for enforcing speed limits. Besides the fact th at driving overspeed with the air conditioner on can cause overheating, and hot road surfaces would be more dangerous at speed. Removing until someone can substantiate ot

herwise. IMO, almost bad enough to be put in Patent Nonsense. --justfred
 * Indeed "hot road surfaces would be more dangerous at speed", esp'ly since stress on tires and heating of tires goes up with speed, and heat surely weakens tires. It seems logical that top safe speed is lower in high ambient temperature. --Jerzy 18:32, 2003 Oct 25 (UTC)

Grandfathering

 * for the benefit of non-Americans, what does grandfathered mean?
 * jimfbleak 09:16 5 Jun 2003 (UTC)

grandfathered - allowed to remain unchanged despite a change in rules. A toll-road grandfathered into the interstate system is allowed to remain a toll road despite the rules that new interstates must be toll-free. dml
 * per Jerzy & hist, the above edit was 19:45, 2003 Jun 5 by DavidLevinson &sum'd "grandfathered"

 * IMO this is worth a Grandfather clause article. I am pretty sure it refers to the use of GFCs in election laws in US South, post-American Civil War.  There were "literacy tests", some of which required explaining a paragraph of legal language, intended to exclude African-Americans from voting.  But excluding what the legislators probably actually called "po' wha' trash" ("poor white trash") was not such good politics, and any one who had a grandfather who had been registered to vote (i.e., not you-know-who) could register without the literacy test.  --Jerzy 18:32, 2003 Oct 25 (UTC)

 * In this context, grandfathering simply has to do with the fact that many highway facilities were constructed before the various regulations or laws concerning them were passed. This older facilities often didn't meet standards but they were admitted, or "grandfathered" into the system. Absolutely nothing to with the election-related Grandfather clause.Jgalea84 06:39, Feb 27, 2004 (UTC)

"Interstate" vs. "interstate"
I suppose the line is hazy, but are there any good rules for when to use the capitalized Interstate versus using lower-case interstate ? I've seen some edits to the various Interstate highway pages lowering the I, which kind of bugs me. I guess I'm just accustomed to seeing it upper case, since I figure it's a shortened version of the title "Eisenhower Interstate System" or whatever. Anyway, just curious if people have input —Mulad 17:39, 26 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * There's no reason why the upper-case "I" should be kept when one is writing about interstate highways generally and not a specific interstate (e.g., "Florida has three interstate highways" versus "It's true that Interstate 4 runs across Florida.") Please look anywhere you please (online, in books, in the dictionary) to confirm that this is the accepted style.  Moncrief 07:19, 26 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * I'd recommend using an uppercase Interstate when talking about individual highways of the Eisenhower Interstate System or the system itself, but lowercase interstate when talking about plain-old roads crossing borders as in a US route (even though US routes are really maintained by each state as a standard state road).--DylanL 08:57, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Urban Legends
Unless someone can cite evidence to the contrary, this is an urban legend:

 * Some stretches of Interstate highway can be used as field-expedient runways for the operation of military aircraft.

Snopes says that this is an urban legend, pure and simple. http://www.snopes.com/autos/law/airstrip.asp --clRedwolf, 01:41 23 August 2004 (UTC)

Notices of non-chronologically placed additions

 * Grandfathering: 3rd 'graph --Jerzy 18:32, 2003 Oct 25 (UTC)
 * Toll "Freeways": indented 2nd 'graph --Jerzy 18:32, 2003 Oct 25 (UTC)
 * Safety Issue: 3rd 'graph --Jerzy 18:32, 2003 Oct 25 (UTC)
 * Interstates, under Route Nomenclature ("Seeking further discussion of Interstates, including Route Nomenclature") --Jerzy 20:14, 2003 Oct 25 (UTC)

Marker shield graphics and a menu
I have created a MediaWiki menu listing all of the primary one- and two-digit Interstates, as well as Interstate 238 and the three signed Interstates in Hawaii. I have also uploaded my versions of route marker graphics for each of those Interstates, which have just the word "Interstate" and the number. I would like to take the same route (no pun intended, of course) that I followed with the series of B.C. Highway articles and embellish all of the primary Interstate pages with this new MediaWiki menu, as well as each Interstate's respective marker shield graphic. The menu is located at Template:Interstates, and each marker graphic can be found at, where ## is any of the designations mentioned in the MediaWiki menu. Would this proposed action sit well with you? Denelson83 23:53, 27 May 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, since I haven't received an answer on this in almost two months, I will assume that it's okay for me to do. Denelson83 20:36, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Splitting 3-digit interstate articles
Can anyone try to focus on expanding the sections for the 3-digit interstate articles so that they can have separate articles of their own that are not substubs?? Are you wondering how the articles should be titled; the answer is something like Interstate 275 (Florida). 66.245.16.193 16:02, 17 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Currently, I split up Interstate 76, a 2-digit interstate, and it appears that everyone wants the 2 highways treated as if they were one highway based on what Vfd says. 66.245.10.194 01:03, 22 Sep 2004 (UTC)

High-speed driving
'controlled-access superhighway or freeway allowing for safe high-speed driving when traffic permits' - I don't have a strong opinion on this one, but AFAIK most freeways have a lower speed than equivalent motorways/freeways in other Western countries (which are typically more in the 70-80mph range). Of course they are higher-speed than local roads. Might it be worth clarifying this? Andrewferrier 19:59, 2004 Dec 21 (UTC)

 * The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety has a page detailing the various Interstate Highway speed limits throughout the US. To quote them: "As of June 2003, 29 states had raised speed limits to 70 mph or higher on some portion of their roadway systems."-- Cyrius|✎ 20:16, 21 Dec 2004 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Talk:Doctors' mess

This article was nominated for deletion. The archive for the nomination has been moved to: Articles for deletion/Doctors' mess --AllyUnion (talk) 03:38, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Re
Re "surrealistic nature" and the quote from an unnamed resident: the tone of this article is not appropriate for an encyclopedia. But I am hesitant to edit without soliciting other users' comments. Hovea 10:54, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

2008-03-20 Automated pywikipediabot message
--CopyToWiktionaryBot (talk) 04:08, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Doctors' mess


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Talk:Discordant

Untitled
This article was nominated for deletion. The archive for the nomination has been moved to: Articles for deletion/Discordant --AllyUnion (talk) 03:40, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Moving as a redirect to Discordance Discord
The current page, as it stands (from circa 2004?) shows the following: "Not to be confused with Discord, Discordianism, or Discordia." at the top of its page. Because "Discord" contains links to the other two links mentioned (i.e. "Discordianism" and "Discordia"), it stands to reason that this page should simply redirect to Discord. And it also makes sense that it should first redirect to the closely-related article/term/word "Discordance", which itself currently redirects to "Discord". This preserves its close relationship to "Discordance", which takes precedence in the case that "Discordance" may become its own disambiguation article, which would cause it to not redirect to "Discord" anymore. In such a hypothetical case, it could be reviewed if "Discordant" should again revert to showing links to Discord, Discordianism, or Discordia. Don't redirect to "Discordance", double redirects are bad, currently. — BootitooB (talk) 03:23, 4 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Discordant


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Prospekt Mira (Koltsevaya line)

Prospekt Mira (Проспе́кт Ми́ра) is a station of the Moscow Metro's Koltsevaya line. Opened on 30 January 1952 as part of the second stage of the line, it is a pylon design by architects Vladimir Gelfreykh and Mikhail Minkus.

Called initially Botanichesky Sad (Ботанический Сад) after the Botanical Garden of Moscow State University which are located nearby, the theme of this station develops the connotation of the name in the overall colour tone. The arches are faced with flared white marble and are topped with ceramic bas-relief frieze made of floral elements. In the centre are medallion bas-reliefs (work of G.Motovilov) featuring the different aspects in the development of agriculture in the Soviet Union. The station walls are laid with dark red Ural marble and chessboard floor pattern is made of grey and black granite. The ceiling vault is decorated with casts, and lighting comes from several cylindrical chandeliers.

The station's vestibule is built into the ground floor of a multi-story building on the corner of Mira Avenue and Protopopovsky lane. Designed by A.Arkin, its façade features sculptures and an original clock over the two archways. Inside, opposite the escalator hall is a large smalt artwork Mothers of the World by A.Kuznetsov.

In 1958, the wall at the end of the station was dismantled to make way for a transfer to the new station Botanichesky Sad on the Rizhskaya line. In 1966 both stations were renamed after to avoid confusion with the larger Moscow Botanical Garden of Academy of Sciences, which would eventually see the station Botanichesky Sad be named after that in 1978.

In May 2015, the vestibule of the station was closed for one year, due to major refurbishments works, reopened on 16 May 2016.

title: Prospekt Mira (Koltsevaya line)


text:
1936–37 NHL season

The 1936–37 NHL season was the 20th season of the National Hockey League (NHL). Eight teams each played 48 games. The Detroit Red Wings were the Stanley Cup winners as they beat the New York Rangers three games to two in the final series.

League business
Frank Calder had been naming the top rookies commencing with 1932–33. This year, he commenced buying a trophy for the top rookie and Syl Apps was this year's winner.

The Great Depression continued to take its toll on the NHL. At the beginning of the decade there were ten teams and in the years since two teams had folded. It appeared like the New York Americans were to become the third team but the NHL took steps to prevent that from happening. Instead of letting the team cease operating because of money and ownership problems the league assumed control of the team for the 1936–37 season. It was then that team owner Bill Dwyer sued. A settlement then allowed for Dwyer to own the team, run by the NHL, and that Dwyer would be given a chance to pay back his debts.

The Montreal Maroons, short of money, had to sell their star and team captain Hooley Smith to Boston. It was hoped that Carl Voss of the former Eagles would fill in adequately for him, but he came down with influenza and was not much help. However, Bob Gracie started scoring and the Maroons almost nipped the Canadiens for first place in the Canadian Division.

Highlights
The New York Americans had started in first place, but then their players came down with influenza and the team went downhill. But the worst blow was when Roy Worters suffered a hernia and had to retire. Alfie Moore and Lorne Chabot were not adequate replacements and the Amerks finished last in the Canadian Division.

On November 16, 1936, Hal Winkler made his NHL debut for the New York Rangers and gained a 1–0 shutout over the Montreal Maroons. He was the first goaltender to have a shutout in his NHL debut. The Montreal Canadiens had hit the bottom in 1935–36, and Babe Siebert was obtained to shore up the defence. But the most loved of all movements was buying Howie Morenz back from the Rangers. The Canadiens went from last to first in the Canadian Division. Morenz was just hitting his stride in January 1937, when tragedy struck. On one of his hurtling rushes, he was being checked by Earl Seibert of Chicago when his left skate got caught in the dasher of the end boards, and Morenz suffered a badly fractured leg. After suffering a nervous breakdown worrying about if he would be able to come back, more bad luck occurred. On March 8, 1937, X-rays revealed that Howie had blood clots in his healing leg. An operation was scheduled for the next day, but when Howie ate a light supper and told the nurse he wanted to rest, in falling asleep his pallor suddenly changed and the nurse knew something was wrong. A blood clot had stopped his heart, and attempts to revive Howie failed. News of Morenz's death shocked the hockey world, and thousands filed past his bier, many in tears, to pay their last respects.

Beyond Morenz's tragic mishap, it was an injury-filled year for many stars. Already suffering from a bad back, Boston's Eddie Shore suffered a broken vertebra that cost him the remainder of the season. Charlie Conacher of the Maple Leafs repeatedly injured his wrist, costing him much of the season, and was never the same player thereafter. A series of minor injuries precipitated Lionel Conacher's decision to retire at year's end, while Sylvio Mantha and Roy Worters suffered career-ending injuries. Other stars who missed several weeks of time or had season-ending injuries included Red Wings captain Doug Young, Larry Aurie, Russ Blinco, Buzz Boll, Pit Lepine, Dave Trottier, Toe Blake and Art Chapman.

With five games left to play, Chicago owner Frederic McLaughlin, a partisan of American-born players, decided to field an all-American lineup, the first time in major senior hockey that this was done. With incumbent Mike Karakas in goal, the Black Hawks signed Ernest Klingbeil and Paul Schaefer on defence, with a line of Milt Brink centering Al Suomi and Bun Laprairie. The team went 1–3 with the sextet in the lineup.

Detroit, led by Vezina Trophy winning Normie Smith, finished first in the American Division.

Awards
The "Rookie of the Year" award now had a trophy, the Calder Trophy, for the first time.

Scoring leaders
Note: GP = Games played, G = Goals, A = Assists, PTS = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes

Source: NHL

American Division

 * Boston Bruins: Art Ross
 * Chicago Black Hawks: Clem Loughlin
 * Detroit Red Wings: Jack Adams
 * New York Rangers: Lester Patrick

Canadian Division

 * Montreal Canadiens: Cecil Hart
 * Montreal Maroons: Tommy Gorman
 * New York Americans: Red Dutton
 * Toronto Maple Leafs: Dick Irvin

Debuts
The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1936–37 (listed with their first team, asterisk(*) marks debut in playoffs):
 * Bobby Bauer, Boston Bruins
 * Milt Schmidt, Boston Bruins
 * Clint Smith, New York Rangers
 * Bryan Hextall, New York Rangers
 * Syl Apps, Toronto Maple Leafs
 * Gordie Drillon, Toronto Maple Leafs
 * Turk Broda, Toronto Maple Leafs

Last games
The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1936–37 (listed with their last team):
 * Bun Cook, Boston Bruins
 * Sylvio Mantha, Boston Bruins
 * Andy Blair, Chicago Black Hawks
 * Wildor Larochelle, Chicago Black Hawks
 * Howie Morenz, Montreal Canadiens
 * George Hainsworth, Montreal Canadiens
 * Lionel Conacher, Montreal Maroons
 * Alex Connell, Montreal Maroons
 * Baldy Cotton, New York Americans
 * Harry Oliver, New York Americans
 * Lorne Chabot, New York Americans
 * Roy Worters, New York Americans
 * Bill Cook, New York Rangers
 * Murray Murdoch, New York Rangers
 * King Clancy, Toronto Maple Leafs
 * Frank Finnigan, Toronto Maple Leafs

title: 1936–37 NHL season


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Theta Apodis

Theta Apodis (θ Apodis, θ Aps) is a variable star in the southern circumpolar constellation of Apus. It is a variable star with an apparent visual magnitude range of 4.65 to 6.20, which, according to the Bortle Dark-Sky Scale, means it is a faint star but visible to the naked eye from dark suburban skies. The distance to Theta Apodis is approximately 350 ly, based upon parallax measurements made from the Gaia telescope. It is unusual in that it is a red star with a high proper motion (greater than 50 milliarcseconds a year).

This is an evolved red giant that is currently on the asymptotic giant branch, with a stellar classification of M7 III. It shines with a luminosity approximately 3879 times that of the Sun and has a surface temperature of $3,131 K$. It is a semiregular pulsating variable and its brightness changes over a range of 0.56 magnitudes with a period of 119 days. A longer period of around 1,000 days has also been detected. It is losing mass at the rate of 1.1 × 10−7 times the mass of the Sun per year through its stellar wind. Dusty material ejected from this star is interacting with the surrounding interstellar medium, forming a bow shock as the star moves through the galaxy. The stand-off distance for this front is located at about 0.134 ly from Theta Apodis.

Theta Apodis has been identified as an astrometric binary, indicating that it has an orbiting companion that causes gravitational perturbation of the primary star.

title: Theta Apodis


text: Talk:1936–37 NHL season

title: Talk:1936–37 NHL season


text:
WCMZ

WCMZ may refer to:

 * WCMZ-FM, a radio station (98.3 FM) licensed to serve Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, United States
 * WCMZ-TV, a defunct television station (channel 28) formerly licensed to serve Flint, Michigan

title: WCMZ


text:
Nuansa Pagi

Nuansa Pagi (lit. 'Morning Nuance') is the first morning newscast ever produced by a private television network in Indonesia. Nuansa Pagi debuted on RCTI from 17 January 1993 to 24 August 1993 as Buletin Pagi ('Morning Bulletin') before it evolved to go nationwide on 25 August 1993 as Nuansa Pagi and since then has become one of the strongest morning shows in the country, according to Nielsen Media Research. Nuansa Pagi was also carried by RCTI's then sister network SCTV (1993–1996).

On 9 February 2009, Seputar Indonesia was revamped and is the only news program on RCTI, now called Satu Seputar Indonesia. The morning news program Nuansa Pagi was renamed Seputar Indonesia Pagi. The afternoon news program Buletin Siang was renamed Seputar Indonesia Siang. The late night news program Buletin Malam was renamed Seputar Indonesia Malam. The main evening edition retained the Seputar Indonesia name due to the historical context.

Logo history
On 24 August 1993, the Nuansa Pagi logo was a rainbow half-circle with word NUANSA PAGI used until 31 December 1994.

On 1 January 1995, the Nuansa Pagi logo with rainbow half-circle and blue earth ball with box bottom of it, with word NUANSA in the half-circle while PAGI was in the bottom box; used until from 31 December 1995. On 1 January 1996, the Nuansa Pagi 1995 logo has 3D graphics until 30 September 2001.

On 1 October 2001, The Nuansa Pagi used the logo with a square box and a blue Earth Ball, with the letter N and the RCTI Logo at the bottom was used until from 31 July 2002.

On 1 August 2002, The Nuansa Pagi used the logo with a square box and a blue Earth Ball, with the letter N behind the blue Earth ball at the bottom, used until from 31 January 2003.

On 1 February 2003, the logo used was a blue square box bottom and words nuansa pagi and red ball bottom near the letter 'I' was used until 31 July 2006.

On 1 August 2006, the logo was changed to Seputar Indonesia logos from 1 August 2006 until 8 February 2009.

Segments

 * Main News
 * Regional
 * Crime
 * Special
 * Sportivo
 * Crime News
 * Only on Indonesia
 * Chosen picture

Host

 * Aiman Witjaksono (Main Anchor)
 * Iwan Harjadi (Main Anchor)
 * Isyana Bagoes Oka (Main Anchor)
 * Zaldy Noer (Sport and Criminal)
 * Joice Triatman (Weekend Edition)
 * Michael Tjandra (Weekend Edition)
 * Cheryl Tanzil (Former Weekend Edition)

title: Nuansa Pagi


text: File:AaronFulkerson.JPG

title: File:AaronFulkerson.JPG


text:
Talk:Zing Technologies

Notable / Verifiable
Googling is not a fair test for Zing as it is used by people who would never mention it on a website and people use zing as participants who don't own their own system. So it has many more than 5000 users, and has been available in one form or another since the early 1990s.

Here's a selection of links to assist others online research.

links in to wikipedia
 * http://www.bioteams.com/2005/10/20/a_really_useful.html
 * http://cc.com.au/zing
 * http://tecfaseed.unige.ch/door/index.php?name=News&file=article&sid=484

academic - papers and conferences
 * http://2003.managementconference.com/ProposalSystem/Presentations/P000092
 * http://www.knowledgecreationpress.com/conference/prgrampapers.html

commercial - faciltators, trainers and resellers
 * http://www.cforc.org/organisationalreview/zing.htm
 * http://www.mindwerx.com.au/innovation_gallery.htm#zing
 * http://www.angelaheise.com/zing.html
 * http://www.grandperformance.com/gp_018.htm
 * http://www.dunstan.org.au/events/tracts.html
 * http://www.aheadofthegame.com.au/html/facilitation.html
 * http://www.strategicdimensions.com.au/
 * http://www.futureu.com/technology/zing/internetsoftware.html

media - mentioned in articles
 * http://www.misweb.com/magarticle.asp?doc_id=22106&rgid=2&listed_months=0
 * http://www.infoage.idg.com.au/index.php/id;63435706;fp;4;fpid;404956636

education
 * see zing in schools in main article.

publications
 * Whymark, G. (Ed.) Transformational tools for 21st century minds . Sydney : Knowledge Creation Press, pp. 87-91. ISBN 1876674563
 * Willcox, J; Zuber-Skerritt, O. Using the Zing team learning system (TLS) as an electronic method for the Nominal Group Technique (NGT). Journal v.8 no.1 Apr 2003: 61-75

Advertisement
First of all, the article should be about the company OR the software. It completely mixes both up without any boundaries at all. (Imho there should be "AnyZing", "ZingThing" and "Zing Technologies".) Secondly, lots of the "info" included here reads like an advertisement.
 * The "disadvantages"-part should be incorporated in the main article, not moved to the bottom where it is easily overread.
 * - done. CatS

 * "Useful for a range of learning and meeting activities, Zing can be used by children or adults in groups as small as four or as large as four hundred. It has broad application for education, knowledge management, brainstorming, meetings, planning and reporting activities." This could also be said about pen+paper or a megaphone. It doesn't contribute at all to the article but rather misleads.
 * - I have reworded this section, but I don't think this is a useful criticism - almost all educational technology is superfluous to some extent, it can only ever support and facilitate learning. To say that pen+paper would suffice is self-evident, however we use technology for ease and efficiency.    CatS
 * I just wanted to illustrate that the description is way out of proportion while at the same time, unprecise. There'd be a lot more useful information, if we wrote whether it's a voice conferencing tool, or a project management system and so on.--Johnnyw 01:51, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

 * "promotes team formation for faster knowledge creation" source? proof? if there is none, then it intended to do so.
 * - I have reworded it, and will attempt to find the research that suggested team formation was enhanced by the use of Zing. CatS
 * Please be sure not to "find the research that suggested team formation was enhanced" but to find WHATEVER research regarding that matter if you want to include it. Since that's the whole point of NPOV... ;) --Johnnyw 01:51, 4 January 2006 (UTC)
 * - see this article: http://creative.canberra.edu.au/digital/docs/edmedia2004.pdf - --59.167.66.5 07:08, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

 * "The school is enthusiastic about the integration of technology into mainstream subject areas and was keen to explore the use of computer-based technology for teaching civics and citizenship education. Using their Zing Team Learning System was a natural choice." Why was it "natural" choice? Who says so? Wikipedia certainly doesn't since it's an encyclopedia, merely stating facts and citing opinions. This is obviously a personal opionion.
 * - reworded. CatS

 * There are obviously some other faux-pas in the article.
 * - please point them out. CatS
 * Please, see below.--Johnnyw 01:51, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Please modify it keeping our NPOV guidelines in mind.
 * - I will read over the guidelines and see what else needs to be changed. CatS

Thanks.. --Johnnyw 14:11, 31 December 2005 (UTC) First of all, sorry, I hope you don't feel set back by me, I try to be constructive and to get a bit more to the point explaining the "faux-pas" I meant. One of the main reasons why it read like an advertisement was, that it sounded and was almost structered like a web page of a company. Specifically:
 * the sub sections should be explained. For example, "Zing Research". Who are they? Employees? Independent researchers?
 * - They are independant researchers.

 * The same with the other sections, I think they need to be explained and titled properly. (Anyzing, Zingthin don't have their own section, they should get a "Products" header.)
 * - now under 'Versions' and they could do with fleshing out.

 * The detailed information regarding the software should be included in the "Products" sub section.
 * - it would seem a lot of 'detail' has been edited out of this article.

 * Also, the first sentence should clearly say, that it's an article about a company.
 * - it currently does. It did in the past.

 * Adding categories that clarify that point should be handy. Also, the sentence "Zing software is now used throughout the world in Education, Community, Business and Government" is misleading in my opinion, since it leads to the conclusion, that is a major player next to SAP or the like. And still if it is so, there should to be a source given to verify that claim or information substantiating it if it's not obvious or a known fact. The UPS article for example has an infobox, categories and such which might help.
 * - this has been edited to say Australasia, North America and Europe - this can easily be substantiated

Netherlands

http://www.digiuni.nl/digiuni/download/temp/EindrapportInteractievewerkvormenvoordraadlozeleeromgevingen.pdf http://vop.itbe.utwente.nl/issues/20050518/450/nl.html

United Kingdom

http://www.e-learningcentre.co.uk/eclipse/vendors/meeting.htm

United States

http://www.futureu.com/technology/zing/software.html

 * And I'm really not too sure about the user testimonies... can you give me the link where you got "i think that zing is the coolest ever! it is a fantastic way to communicate and a great way to have a class. very fun! top work!" from? It doesn't appear to be listed.
 * - Doesn't appear to be in the article anymore - but the link where it comes from is here: http://www.dutchclass.net/archief/2005/okt01zing.html

I can't think of any other page regarding any company that includes testimonies on products.. I'll see if I can find anything in the Wikipedia guidelines... Thanks again for your patience. --Johnnyw 01:51, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

Zing in schools
I'd like to discuss the deletion and reversion of the Zing in Schools section. I put information together based on googling for zing references and copied the relevant paragraphs from the pages. Later I thought it might perhaps be bordering on copyright infringement so decided to remove it. I think it's a bit of a grey area.

So, rather than just deleting it again, I wonder what others think? - --CatS 03:40, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 7 one external links on Zing Technologies. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20050814083820/http://cms.curriculum.edu.au:80/anr2000/index.asp?p=&pg=ch10_case7.htm to http://cms.curriculum.edu.au/anr2000/index.asp?p=&pg=ch10_case7.htm
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20051215075040/http://www.portaugustalearning.com.au:80/L2L%202005/zing/zing.htm to http://www.portaugustalearning.com.au/L2L%202005/zing/zing.htm
 * Added tag to http://www.bus.cqu.edu.au/Faculty/news/november/2002/zingproject.htm
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20050615170720/http://gss.cqu.edu.au/byfield_classroom.htm to http://gss.cqu.edu.au/byfield_classroom.htm
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20050210164140/http://www.greensward.essex.sch.uk:80/sixth_form/prospectus2.htm to http://www.greensward.essex.sch.uk/sixth_form/prospectus2.htm
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20071017204635/http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/reports/111/111581.pdf to http://www.ofsted.gov.uk/reports/111/111581.pdf
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20060824023621/http://creative.canberra.edu.au/digital/docs/edmedia2004.pdf to http://creative.canberra.edu.au/digital/docs/edmedia2004.pdf
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20060214065553/http://www.alarpm.org.au:80/files/ALAR%20V8%20No1.pdf to http://www.alarpm.org.au/files/ALAR%20V8%20No1.pdf

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 21:42, 20 July 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zing Technologies


text:
WCMU-FM

WCMU-FM (89.5 FM) is a public radio station in Mount Pleasant, Michigan. The station, owned by Central Michigan University, is a National Public Radio member station, airing a news/talk format along with a variety of other programming. It is the flagship station of a network called WCMU Public Radio made up of six other affiliate stations in Northern Michigan.

Programming
WCMU Public Radio broadcasts news and talk programming during the week, including Morning Edition, All Things Considered, 1A, Fresh Air, Here and Now, and On Point. On weekends, the station airs a mix of news, talk, entertainment and music programs. These include national shows like Weekend Edition, Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!, and This American Life, and local music programs such as The Juke Joint, Homespun, and Destination Out. Overnight, WCMU airs programming from the BBC World Service.

History
WCMU-FM was originally a 10-watt campus radio station at 90.1, signing on on April 6, 1964. During its early years, the station broadcast a wide variety of programming aimed at the campus population of the university, including classical, popular music, and progressive rock. By 1969 the station was an affiliate of the National Educational Radio Network, which became NPR in 1970, and since then, the station has broadcast primarily classical and jazz music and news. WCMU-FM moved to 89.5 with 100,000 watts of power in the mid-1970s, and in 1978 began to add a series of rebroadcaster stations around central and northern Michigan, beginning with WCML-FM in Alpena.

WCMU launched its current format on March 1, 2023. The same day, it launched a 24/7 classical music station called WCMU Classical. The classical service can be heard online, on the station's mobile app, on smart speakers, and on its HD-2 sub channel in the communities of Mount Pleasant, Alpena, Harbor Springs, and Bay City.

Prior to March 1, 2023, WCMU Public Radio was a mixed-format station, airing news programming from NPR, and locally hosted classical, jazz and blues programming. Previously aired programs include Nightside Jazz and Blues, Take Five, The Beat, Central Stage, Afternoon Classical and Mosaic.

The station won regional Edward R. Murrow Awards in 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2018. The station has received multiple awards from the Michigan Association of Broadcasters, and was MAB Public Station of the Year for 2002. Producers and Hosts including David Nicholas, Rick Westover, Mike Horace, Amy Robinson, Robert Barclay, Ben Thorpe, Brett Dahlberg, Jamie Lynn Gilbert, Sara Bingham and Eileen LaTarte have also won state awards.

Affiliates
The station also serves most of Northern Michigan, including the eastern Upper Peninsula, through a network of affiliate stations:

WCMW Harbor Springs and WWCM Standish were both commercial FM stations before joining the CMU Public Radio network. What is now WCMW was originally WLTO, a country music station. 96.9 WSTD in Standish was originally a satellite-fed oldies station and then moved to a full-service Adult Contemporary music format (with simulcasts of the evening news from WNEM-TV 5) until it went dark in November 1999. The 96.9 frequency was donated to CMU Public Radio and it was on the air with WCMU programming a year later.

At one time, CMU Public Radio was also broadcast on a translator station, W236BU, at 95.1 FM in Traverse City. The translator began operations in 2011, and it was a translator for WCMW-FM Harbor Springs. After the purchase of what now is WCMV-FM on April 30, 2020, the translator was divested, it presently translates WGFN.

WCMU serves the Sault Ste. Marie/Newberry radio market via affiliate station WCMZ, but its signal normally does not reach Newberry. That community was formerly served by Northern Michigan University's similar public radio/NPR/jazz station WNMU-FM via its translator station W216AI, however the translator's license was cancelled on June 17, 2020.

WUCX-FM Bay City simulcasts WCMU-FM generally in the evening hours; that station is owned by CMU, which jointly run WUCX with Delta College.

WCMU-FM, WCML-FM, WCMW-FM, and WUCX-FM all broadcast in HD Radio. Each of the four CMU Public Radio stations broadcasting in HD also offer an HD-2 side channel featuring a 24-7 Classical Music format, branded as "WCMU Classical"; the side channels debuted in January 2012, the original format was formerly a 24-7 NPR news/talk format, which was moved to the main analog/HD-1 signals during a format flip in March 2023.

WCML Transmitter Fire

On February 28, 2024, a fire broke out at the WCML transmitter site, putting WCML-FM 91.7 and its TV sister WCML off the air. The building was a complete loss and the two stations will be off the air for the indefinite future. WCMU Public Media has plans to rebuild and restore the two signals in the coming months. The fire also had interrupted a relay to WCMW-FM, which was also off the air but transmits from a separate location. The WCMW signal per the stations website was restored early on February 29, after being out overnight after the fire the day before. On March 1, 2024, WCMU released an initial statement regarding the turn of events leading up to the fire, also reported on by 9&10 news. Early on, what was believed, was that prior to the fire, a local utility power outage was indicated by the remote monitoring equipment for WCML, causing the onsite backup generator to activate. Included in the initial report, fire officials were led to believe that a fire began in the generator room and spread to the rest of the building. By March 9, WCMU's webpage was updated and the exact cause of the fire was ultimately not able to be determined, any previous speculation of the generator failing was removed from the site.

title: WCMU-FM


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ola Vista Records

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. -Splash talk 22:06, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Ola Vista Records
Obscure, only mention on Google is label's website NeilN 03:41, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as self-promotion. Wording of article is very identical to that on their site's main page. --FuriousFreddy 04:49, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, per FuriousFreddy. >:  Roby Wayne  Talk •  Hist 23:57, 30 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn  Amren (talk)  00:13, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Day of Mourning (Australia)

The Day of Mourning was a protest held by Aboriginal Australians on 26 January 1938, the 150th anniversary of the arrival of the First Fleet, which marked the beginning of the colonisation of Australia. It was declared to be a protest of 150 years of callous treatment and purposefully coincided with Australia Day celebrations. Day of Mourning protests have been held on Australia Day ever since 1938, though protests sharing its aims on this day are more commonly held under the names Invasion Day or Survival Day.

Organisation
The Day of Mourning protest was organised by the Aborigines Progressive Association (APA), based in New South Wales and led by its founders Jack Patten and William Ferguson. The protest leaders also had support from the Australian Aborigines' League (AAL), based in Victoria and led by William Cooper. In 1888, the centenary of the arrival of the First Fleet, Aboriginal leaders had simply boycotted the Australia Day celebrations. However, this had been ignored by the media.

These groups had also sent petitions to the Australian and the British governments, in the early 1930s, for the recognition of Aboriginal civil rights (including Aboriginal representation in the Parliament of Australia), but they had been ignored or dismissed without serious attention, and each had refused to pass the petitions on to King George V.

As a result, a more proactive event was planned for the sesquicentenary, which the media and governments could not ignore. This was despite the recent experience of the New South Wales Police engaging in general intimidation of public meetings of such political organisations.

Despite having rejected the APA's petition, Prime Minister Joseph Lyons did agree to meet with the Day of Mourning leaders on 25 January, without any other government officials or media present. However, some media reports at the time attributed this more to Lyons' desire to meet Pastor Doug Nicholls, who was an Australian rules football player for Fitzroy Football Club at the time, than to any desire to constructively negotiate.

The day began with a march through the streets of Sydney, which was attended by both Aboriginal people and non-Indigenous supporters. The march began at the Sydney Town Hall and concluded at the major event on the day, the Day of Mourning Congress, a political meeting for Aboriginal people only. It attracted many major Aboriginal leaders, including Pearl Gibbs and Margaret Tucker.

The protesters had originally intended to hold the Congress in the Sydney Town Hall, but they were refused access, and instead held it at the nearby Australian Hall in Elizabeth Street. They were not allowed in through the front door and were told they could only enter through the rear door.

Congress was open to all Aboriginal people, and about 100 people attended, making it one of the first mass Aboriginal civil rights gatherings. The APA and AAL distributed a manifesto at the meeting, Aborigines Claim Citizens' Rights, produced by Patten and APA secretary William Ferguson. The manifesto opened with a declaration that "This festival of 150 years' so-called 'progress' in Australia commemorates also 150 years of misery and degradation imposed on the original native inhabitants by white invaders of this country."

At the Congress, the following resolution was passed unanimously:

"WE, representing THE ABORIGINES OF AUSTRALIA, assembled in Conference at the Australian Hall, Sydney, on the 26th day of January, 1938, this being the 150th anniversary of the whitemen's seizure of our country, HEREBY MAKE PROTEST against the callous treatment of our people by the white men in the past 150 years, AND WE APPEAL to the Australian Nation to make new laws for the education and care of Aborigines, and for a new policy which will raise our people to FULL CITIZEN STATUS and EQUALITY WITHIN THE COMMUNITY."

Official celebrations
In order to celebrate Australia Day in 1938, the government of New South Wales had planned to reenact the arrival of the First Fleet in Port Jackson. However, all the Aboriginal political organisations in Sydney refused to participate. In response, the Government removed a group of Aboriginal men from an Aboriginal reserve in the west of the state and brought them to Sydney. The men were kept overnight in the stables at the police barracks in Redfern. On Australia Day, they were taken to a beach at Farm Cove, where they were told to run up the beach, to convey the impression that they were fleeing in fear from the First Fleet.

The reenactments attracted heavy criticism from the Day of Mourning protesters, who were not allowed to visit the men from the reserve when they were staying at Redfern. However, the Sydney media focused more on the fact that convicts had been excised from the reenactment.

Subsequent Days of Mourning
Day of Mourning protests have been held on Australia Day ever since 1938. However, in recent years, National Sorry Day on 26 May, and counter-protests held on 26 January (Australia Day), such as Invasion Day and Survival Day, have been more prominent in Australia.

In 1998, a reenactment of the original Day of Mourning was held to commemorate the sixtieth anniversary of the protest. About four hundred protesters marched in silence along the original route of the march. Descendants of the original protesters read their speeches, and the ten main grievances in the Congress' manifesto were re-affirmed. The reenactment was accompanied by a campaign to protect the Australian Hall, the location of the 1938 Congress. The Government of New South Wales had placed a conservation order on it, but exceptions to the order allowed everything but the façade to be demolished. The building is now permanently protected.

title: Day of Mourning (Australia)


text:
1994 CFL season

The 1994 CFL season is considered to be the 41st season in modern-day Canadian football, although it is officially the 37th Canadian Football League season.

Expansion
The CFL admitted three more United States-based teams, to add to the Sacramento Gold Miners, who were introduced in 1993.

The Las Vegas Posse, the Shreveport Pirates and the Baltimore CFLers made the league 12 teams in total, six in each division. The new teams started play in 1994, with Las Vegas joining the Sacramento Gold Miners in the West Division, and Baltimore and Shreveport joining the East Division.

The Baltimore team was to be called the Baltimore Colts, but the Colts name was revoked due to a successful trademark infringement lawsuit filed by the Indianapolis Colts, and they played the entire season as the "Baltimore CFLers".

Regular season structure
Due to the expansion, this was the first season since 1980 when CFL teams did not travel to every other stadium in the League during the season.

CFL teams played each team in their own division twice, two teams in the other division twice, and the four remaining teams in the other division only once. The two inter-Divisional opponents to be played twice were determined by the previous season's regular season standing. Teams who had finished first and third in 1993 played the first and third teams from the other division twice – and the same applied to the teams who had finished second and fourth in each division, and the effective "fifth" and "sixth" place teams. Since Sacramento finished fifth in 1993, and since the other three U.S. expansion teams were deemed "fifth" and "sixth" place for the purposes of the schedule, this format ensured that the U.S. teams all played one another twice for the 1994 season.

The divisions were rearranged again in the 1995 CFL season, when the league expanded to 13 teams for one season.

Ownership changes
In February, Bruce Firestone purchased the Ottawa Rough Riders from the Glieberman family, clearing the way for the Gliebermans to assume the Shreveport Pirates.

In May, the JLL Broadcast Group purchased the Toronto Argonauts after John Candy died (Candy had put his stake in the team up for sale hours before he died) and Bruce McNall was arrested on fraud charges.

Uniform changes
The Ottawa Rough Riders unveiled a new logo based on a head profile of a mustached lumberjack. Their colours were also updated with light navy replacing black and the addition of metallic gold, red was kept.

New logos and uniforms also were designed for the expansion teams in Baltimore, Las Vegas and Shreveport. The Shreveport Pirates' team colours were purple, silver, orange and black with a side profile of a pirate's head inside a delta. The Las Vegas Posse chose a simpler logo and colour choice. The logo was a sheriff's tin star with "LV" imposed on it. Their colours were black and desert sand. Baltimore adopted a color scheme that added silver to the Colts' traditional colors of blue and white, as well as a stylized horse's head logo. Despite the team being unable to use the "Colts" name, it continued using the logo and colours for the entire season as well as the following season, by which time owner Jim Speros had settled on "Stallions" as his team's official nickname.

Game records set
In a July 14, 1994, matchup of the Winnipeg Blue Bombers and Edmonton Eskimos, Matt Dunigan passed for a remarkable 713 yards, setting a CFL record that still stands.

Allen Pitts set the record for receiving yards in one season with 2,036 yards while his teammate Doug Flutie set the record for passing touchdowns with 48.

The Grey Cup
BC Place Stadium played host to the Grey Cup game on Sunday, November 27, making Vancouver the host city for the twelfth time-more than any other Western Canadian city. In the Grey Cup game, the hometown BC Lions were against the Baltimore CFLers, becoming the first ever Grey Cup game between a Canada-based team and a US-based team. The Lions ended up defeating the Baltimore team by a score of 26–23, on Lui Passaglia's game-winning field goal on the last play of the game.

Regular season standings

 * Bold text means that they have clinched the playoffs.

Grey Cup playoffs
The BC Lions are the 1994 Grey Cup champions, defeating the Baltimore CFLers 26–23, in front of their home crowd at Vancouver's BC Place Stadium. It was the first football championship game between Canadian and American teams. The CFLers' Karl Anthony (DB) was named the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Player and Lions' Lui Passaglia (K/P) was the Grey Cup's Most Valuable Canadian.

Offence

 * QB – Doug Flutie, Calgary Stampeders
 * FB – Sean Millington, BC Lions
 * RB – Mike Pringle, Baltimore CFLers
 * SB – Allen Pitts, Calgary Stampeders
 * SB – Gerald Wilcox, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * WR – Paul Masotti, Toronto Argonauts
 * WR – Rod Harris, Sacramento Gold Miners
 * C – Mike Anderson, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * OG – Pierre Vercheval, Toronto Argonauts
 * OG – Rocco Romano, Calgary Stampeders
 * OT – Shar Pourdanesh, Baltimore CFLers
 * OT – Chris Walby, Winnipeg Blue Bombers

Defence

 * DT – Bennie Goods, Edmonton Eskimos
 * DT – Rodney Harding, Toronto Argonauts
 * DE – Will Johnson, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Tim Cofield, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * LB – Ron Goetz, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * LB – Willie Pless, Edmonton Eskimos
 * LB – Calvin Tiggle, Toronto Argonauts
 * CB – Less Browne, BC Lions
 * CB – Irvin Smith, Baltimore CFLers
 * DB – Charles Gordon, BC Lions
 * DB – Robert Holland, Edmonton Eskimos
 * DS – Greg Knox, Calgary Stampeders

Special teams

 * P – Josh Miller, Baltimore CFLers
 * K – Mark McLoughlin, Calgary Stampeders
 * ST – Henry "Gizmo" Williams, Edmonton Eskimos

Offence

 * QB – Doug Flutie, Calgary Stampeders
 * FB – Sean Millington, BC Lions
 * RB – Mike Saunders, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * SB – Allen Pitts, Calgary Stampeders
 * SB – Darren Flutie, BC Lions
 * WR – Ray Alexander, BC Lions
 * WR – Rod Harris, Sacramento Gold Miners
 * C – Mike Anderson, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * OG – Rob Smith, BC Lions
 * OG – Rocco Romano, Calgary Stampeders
 * OT – Bruce Covernton, Calgary Stampeders
 * OT – Blake Dermott, Edmonton Eskimos

Defence

 * DT – Bennie Goods, Edmonton Eskimos
 * DT – Stu Laird, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Will Johnson, Calgary Stampeders
 * DE – Bobby Jurasin, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * LB – Ron Goetz, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * LB – Willie Pless, Edmonton Eskimos
 * LB – Marvin Pope, Calgary Stampeders
 * CB – Less Browne, BC Lions
 * CB – Albert Brown, Saskatchewan Roughriders
 * DB – Charles Gordon, BC Lions
 * DB – Robert Holland, Edmonton Eskimos
 * DS – Greg Knox, Calgary Stampeders

Special teams

 * P – Tony Martino, Calgary Stampeders
 * K – Mark McLoughlin, Calgary Stampeders
 * ST – Henry "Gizmo" Williams, Edmonton Eskimos

Offence

 * QB – Matt Dunigan, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * FB – Peter Tuipulotu, Baltimore CFLers
 * RB – Mike Pringle, Baltimore CFLers
 * SB – Chris Armstrong, Baltimore CFLers
 * SB – Gerald Wilcox, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * WR – Paul Masotti, Toronto Argonauts
 * WR – Earl Winfield, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * C – Nick Subis, Baltimore CFLers
 * OG – Pierre Vercheval, Toronto Argonauts
 * OG – David Black, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * OT – Shar Pourdanesh, Baltimore CFLers
 * OT – Chris Walby, Winnipeg Blue Bombers

Defence

 * DT – Ben Williams, Shreveport Pirates
 * DT – Rodney Harding, Toronto Argonauts
 * DE – John Kropke, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * DE – Tim Cofield, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * LB – Daved Benefield, Ottawa Rough Riders
 * LB – Mike O'Shea, Hamilton Tiger-Cats
 * LB – Calvin Tiggle, Toronto Argonauts
 * CB – Donald Smith, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CB – Irvin Smith, Baltimore CFLers
 * DB – Joe Fuller, Shreveport Pirates
 * DB – Bobby Evans, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * DS – Michael Brooks, Baltimore CFLers

Special teams

 * P – Josh Miller, Baltimore CFLers
 * K – Troy Westwood, Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * ST – Pinball Clemons, Toronto Argonauts

1994 CFL Awards

 * CFL's Most Outstanding Player Award – Doug Flutie (QB), Calgary Stampeders
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Canadian Award – Gerald Wilcox (SB), Winnipeg Blue Bombers
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Defensive Player Award – Willie Pless (LB), Edmonton Eskimos
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Offensive Lineman Award – Shar Pourdanesh (OT), Baltimore CFLers
 * CFL's Most Outstanding Rookie Award – Matt Goodwin (DB), Baltimore CFLers
 * CFLPA's Outstanding Community Service Award – O. J. Brigance (LB), Baltimore CFLers
 * CFL's Coach of the Year – Don Matthews, Baltimore CFLers
 * Commissioner's Award - Norm Fieldgate, BC Lions

title: 1994 CFL season


text:
Blueberry Island

Blueberry Island may refer to:

 * Blueberry Island (Quebec), an island in Quebec's Lac Marois
 * Blueberry Island (Massachusetts), an island in Massachusetts

title: Blueberry Island


text:
Claireville, Brampton

Claireville is a district of Brampton, Ontario, Canada. It is the westerly extension of the Claireville neighbourhood of Toronto, west of the boundary between Toronto and Brampton. The former hamlet of Ebenezer is found within Claireville.

The name Claireville originates from a nearby historical village located in Toronto, however it is now mainly associated with the Claireville Conservation Area prominent in the region, which is one of the largest natural regions in the Greater Toronto Area. Until the early 2000s, the region was largely dominated by agricultural lands with small pockets of industrial and estate residential areas. However, subdivisions are currently being developed throughout the area north of Queen Street East.

Riverstone Golf and Country Club and Indian Line Campground are the only non-industrial or residential uses in the area.

title: Claireville, Brampton


text:
Aero Club of America

The Aero Club of America was a social club formed in 1905 by Charles Jasper Glidden and Augustus Post, among others, to promote aviation in America. It was the parent organization of numerous state chapters, the first being the Aero Club of New England. It thrived until 1923, when it transformed into the National Aeronautic Association, which still exists today. It issued the first pilot's licenses in the United States, and successful completion of its licensing process was required by the United States Army for its pilots until 1914. It sponsored numerous air shows and contests. Cortlandt Field Bishop was president in 1910. Starting in 1911, new president Robert J. Collier began presenting the Collier Trophy.

History
Although conventional wisdom states that the Aero Club began in 1905, there are photos of high society and adventurers printed in 1902 with the stamp, "Aero Club". In the summer of 1905 several members of the Automobile Club of America including Charles Glidden, Homer Hedge, Dave Morris, John F. O'Rourke, and Augustus Post founded the Aero Club of America. They were avid balloonists but found little support in America for the sport of aviation. They determined to establish a new club with an organization similar to the Automobile Club but whose purpose was to promote aviation, much like the Aero Club of France. Homer Hedge became the first President and Augustus Post the first secretary.

In 1910, three different conventions were held in New York among aeronautical clubs and societies. The National Council of Affiliated Clubs of the Aero Club of America, was formed. Thirty-nine delegates, representing constituencies from Pasadena, California, to Boston, met at the Aero Club and formed the parent organization of various state chapters. At the International Aviation Meet at Belmont Park in October 1910, a considerable controversy arose between the Englishman Claude Graham-White and the American J. B. Moisant. In one race around the Statue of Liberty, Graham-White won by several minutes, but due to a technicality, the race and considerable prize money was awarded to Moisant. John Armstrong Drexel made public statements accusing the organization of favoritism toward its own members, and Drexel held a competing dinner banquet at the same time as the awards banquet of the organization. The schism among the membership threatened the integrity of the organization, but was ultimately resolved with Drexel's resignation.

In 1911, the Aero Club of New York put on the First Industrial Airplane Show that was held in conjunction with the 11th U.S. International Auto Show at Manhattan's Grand Central Palace, in New York City. It was a spectacular event with prominent speakers, and an enthusiastic large crowd that would gaze upon a full-size airplane for the first time. It started December 31, 1910, until mid-January 1911.

In 1919, the secretary of the club, Augustus Post organized and drew up the rules for a transatlantic flight competition between New York and Paris. He worked with wealthy hotel owner Raymond Orteig in securing the $25,000 for the Orteig Prize. The $25,000 prize was to be awarded "to the first aviator of any Allied Country crossing the Atlantic in one flight, from Paris to New York or New York to Paris". After five years of failing to attract competitors, the award was then put under the control of a seven-member Bryant Bank board of trustees, which awarded it to Charles Lindbergh for his successful 1927 flight in the Spirit of St. Louis.

Historical notes
Some of the later licenses issued by the Aero Club of America bore the printed signature of Orville Wright. Wright served for a time as Chairman of the Aero Club of America's Contest Committee. Contrary to popular myth, the Wright brothers were not issued licenses number 4 and 5 for malicious reasons. They were simply among the five pilots who had, in America, demonstrated their ability to fly airplanes before the Aero Club of America's licensing program began. Those first five licenses were issued in alphabetical order — a practice followed by other national organizations belonging to the FAI.

Pilot's licenses were not required by law (except by some states) until well after World War I. Aero Club of America licenses were required for participation in sporting events and demonstrations sanctioned by the ACA and FAI, and they gave credibility to pilots seeking to perform demonstration flights for hire, but many American pilots never applied for a license, which required a demonstration of flight proficiency. The ACA was also notorious for the inflexibility of its licensing process, which prescribed, among other items, a letter of application, a photograph of a candidate, appointment of an ACA examiner, and his report of examination, all of which had to be submitted in the correct form and sequence for a license to be issued, whether the candidate passed the flight test or not.

National Aeroplane Fund
The National Aeroplane Fund was sanctioned by the Aero Club of America in response to perceived military and political disinterest in aeronautics. Established in summer 1915, the group lobbied Congress to increase funding for military aeronautics. The purpose of The American National Aeroplane Fund was to train aviators, provide aviation corps for the National Guard and Navy Militia of the States and U.S. Possessions, and put aeroplanes in use for the mail carrying service to inaccessible places, forming an aeronautical reserve, which while being used daily for peaceful purposes shall be ready for military service in case of need.

The National Aero Fund Letter, July 29, 1915 was written to Capt. Leroy Hall of the Vermont National Guard by Alan Hawley, President of the National Aeroplane Fund. It describes the various aeronautical demonstrations planned for the Vermont National Guard in August 1915. The National Aero Fund provided the airplane and pilot for the experiment, early bird aviator George A. Gray.

The letterhead contained the following information:  The U.S. Army and Navy have, together, less than twenty planes available. Only half a dozen of the licensed aviators of the United States have made flights of more than fifty miles, and none even know the rudiments of aeronautical requirements. Our Army, Navy, National Guard and Navy militia have had no experience in handling aircraft or operating with them.

If England, with 1,500 aeroplanes and aviators and the output of sixteen thousand men cannot supply sufficient aeroplanes for its forces - what could Uncle Sam - who has less than a score of aeroplanes - do in case of immediate need?

To provide an aeronautical reserve, the Governors of the Auto Club of America have started a public aeronautical subscription, similar to the French and German subscriptions of 1912-1913. These netted $1,222,969 and $1,808,626 respectively, and were used to train aviators and to procure aeroplanes. As the New York Sun says editorially, "Surely we in America, with our greater resources, can do even better."

French and German Air Fleet Built by Public Interest

The French and German aeroplane fleets of to-day were built largely by public subscriptions and through public interest. In February, 1912, soon after the first employment of aeroplanes in the French military manoeuvres demonstrated the potentiality of the ajr service, but the French Govemment failed to allow the appropriations necessary to secure an adequate aeronautical organization for the French Army, a public subscription was started.

In every part of France, the people-men and women, rich and poor, young and old, and of all beliefs and factions-united their efforts with the Press and political, social, professional and sportive organizations, and all contributed their share to give France a large aerial fleet. This public subscription brought 6,114,846 francs and gave France 208 aeroplanes, 62 landing stations for aeroplanes and 75 trained aviators. The public interest created by the subscription was tremendous and led to the immediate consideration of the aeronautical needs of France by the Government. By April, 1914, the French Army possessed 1,200 aeroplanes and 28 dirigibles, and most complete and efficient equipment.

Germany's aeroplane fleet was built almost entirely by the public subscription started by the Aerial League of Germany in 1912 which brought 7,234,506 marks. The purpose of the League was to train within the shortest time as large a number as possible of aviation pilots to form a reserve and to encourage the general development of aviation in Germany. Following are some of the results obtained;

The number of pilots was 230 at the end of 1912; it increased to 600 by the end of 1913; the constructors of aeroplanes were less than 20 in 1912, they increased to 50 by the end of 1913. The developments due to the efforts of the Aerial League led to Reichstag to pass a plan providing for an expenditure of $35,000,000 for military aeronautics in the following five years.

During the first month of 1914 the inducements offered by the Aerial League of Germany led to the breaking, by German aviators, of all the world records. By the middle of July, the non-stop endurance record was carried up to 24 hours and 12 minutes, by Reinhold Boehm, and the altitude record to 26,246 feet, by Heinrich Oelrich. Over one hundred other records, similar to the above were made. For instance, Basser and Landsmann made continuous flights of 18 hours 11 minutes and 21 hours 49 minutes respectively, in one of which Landsmann covered 1,336 miles, which is the longest distance ever traveled by man in one day. Among the records for altitude was the record of Otto Linnekogel of 21,654 feet- which is about the height of Mount McKinley!

Just as the people in every part of France and Germany-men and women, rich and poor, young and old, and of all beliefs and factions, united their efforts with the Press and political, social, professional and sporting organizations-we here in America can do the same.

Notable licensees
Some notable early pilots issued licenses by the Aero Club of America are listed below.

Airplane division

 * 01 Glenn Curtiss
 * 02 Frank Purdy Lahm
 * 03 Louis Paulhan, French aviator
 * 04 Orville Wright (honorary)
 * 05 Wilbur Wright (honorary)
 * 06 Clifford B. Harmon
 * 07 Thomas Scott Baldwin (1854–1923)
 * 08 John Armstrong Drexel
 * 09 Todd Shriver
 * 10 Charles Foster Willard
 * 11 James Cairn Mars (1875–1944)
 * 13 Leon Richardson (1887-1951)
 * 17 Eugene Ely
 * 24 Charles Terres Weymann
 * 25 Augustus Post
 * 26 Ralph Clayton Diggins (1887–1959) of the Ralph C. Diggins Company. He was born on March 7, 1887, in Cadillac, Michigan and moved to Chicago, Illinois. He made his first flight in 1912 and was the 26th person in the United States to receive a pilot's license issued by the Aero Club of America. He died in 1959.
 * 28 Theodore Gordon Ellyson
 * 32 Edson Fessenden Gallaudet
 * 35 William Redmond Cross, Governor, Aero Club of America, 1911-1921
 * 37 Harriet Quimby, first woman Venus symbol.svg
 * 44 Matilde Moisant, second woman Venus symbol.svg
 * 55 Norman Prince, early member of the Lafayette Escadrille
 * 57 Paul Peck, one of the first US army pilots.
 * 133 Julia Clark, third woman Venus symbol.svg
 * 148 Katherine Stinson (1891–1977) fourth woman. Venus symbol.svg She convinced flight instructor Max Lillie of Chicago to take her on as a student in 1912. Katherine became the fourth licensed female pilot in the U.S., she began touring as a stunt pilot and became one of the country's most famous female aviators.
 * 173 Bernetta Adams Miller, fifth woman. Venus symbol.svg
 * 188 Ruth Bancroft Law, aka Ruth Law Oliver, sixth woman. Venus symbol.svg
 * 303 Marjorie Stinson, (sister of Katherine) the ninth licensed female pilot in United States. Venus symbol.svg
 * 354 Albert Daniel Smith (1887-1970).
 * 440 Reginald Malcolm, World War I flying ace

denotes a female aviator

Seaplane (Hydroaeroplane) division

 * 01 Adolph G. Sutro
 * 02 Lieutenant Alfred Austell Cunningham (USN)
 * 03 Lieutenant B. B. Smith (USN)
 * 04 Lieutenant Commander Patrick Nieson Lynch Bellinger (USN)
 * 05 Ensign Godfrey DeCourcelles Chevalier (USN)
 * 06 Logan Archbold Vilas
 * 07 William Ellwood Doherty
 * 08 H. P. Harris
 * 09 Ernest C. Bass
 * 10 Steve MacGordon
 * 26 Roger Weightman Jannus (1886-1918)

Balloon division
See who's who of ballooning.

 * 01 Major James C. McCoy (USA)
 * 02 Albert Leo Stevens
 * 03 Frank Samuel Lahm
 * 04 Colonel Frank Purdy Lahm (USA)
 * 05 Carl E. Meyers
 * 06 Colonel Henry B. Hersey (USA)
 * 07 Allan R. Hawley
 * 08 Colonel Charles deForest Chandler (USA)
 * 09 Thomas Scott Baldwin (1854–1923)
 * 10 Albert C. Triaca
 * 11 Augustus Post
 * 27 Sylvester Louis Von Phul (1878–1911)
 * 533 Harry Rasmussen (1886–1968)

Airship (Dirigible) division
Note: "Dirigible" simply meant that the airship could be made to go in any direction.

 * 01 Major Thomas Scott Baldwin (1854–1923)
 * 02 Brigadier General Frank Purdy Lahm (1887-1963)
 * 03 Captain Horace Bird Wild (1879-1940)
 * 04 Augustus Roy Knabenshue (1875-1960)
 * 05 Albert Leo Stevens (1877-1944)
 * 06 Frank W. Goodale
 * 07 Ralph Hazlett Upson (1888-1968)
 * 08 Ralph Albion Drury Preston (?-1954)
 * 09 Walter J. Pouchot
 * 10 Noel Chadwick

Presidents

 * Charles Jasper Glidden 1905 to 1910
 * Cortlandt Field Bishop 1910 to 1913
 * Alan Ramsay Hawley 1913 to ?
 * Jonathan Gaffney 2007 to present

title: Aero Club of America


text:
World Show Jumping Championships

The World Show Jumping Championships, or the show jumping competition at the FEI World Equestrian Games, was started in 1953, with individual competition. In 1978 Team competitions began, and men and women began competing against one another. From 1990, show jumping was brought together along with the other equestrian disciplines into the World Equestrian Games (WEG). They are held every four years. The 2022 edition will be held in Herning, Denmark.

Medal count

 * Note 1: Medal count is sorted by total gold medals, then total silver medals, then total bronze medals, then alphabetically.
 * Note 2: Germany includes both Germany and West Germany.

title: World Show Jumping Championships


text:
7-Eleven Speak Out Wireless

7-Eleven SpeakOut Wireless is a Canadian mobile virtual network operator brand for prepaid wireless service. The brand was launched in April 2003 by the 7-Eleven convenience store chain in the United States, and expanded to Canada in November 2005. 7-Eleven SpeakOut ceased operating in the United States in 2010.

The brand operates as a reseller of a virtual mobile network using Ztar Mobile, a mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE), on the Rogers Wireless network in Canada. It provides service in all provinces except Quebec and also does not operate in the Canadian territories. In the United States, it used Ztar Mobile on the AT&T Mobility network.

Services
SpeakOut offers pay-per-use plans and monthly plans, with monthly add-ons such as SMS, mobile browsing, and a block of minutes for domestic calls. In Canada, top-up and SIM card purchases are offered through an on-line website.

In eastern Ontario, where 7-Eleven demolished its one Kingston store and sold its six Ottawa locations to Quickie Convenience Stores, existing Ottawa SpeakOut subscribers were permitted to move their prepaid balances to Quickie's Good2Go cellphone program. That program has shorter expiry times for prepaid minutes.

Caller ID, call waiting, conference calling, voicemail and account notifications are standard features. International roaming is not supported. Access to voicemail from the mobile handset incurs local or long distance rates; messages also are retrievable by calling the mobile number from another telephone.

title: 7-Eleven Speak Out Wireless


text:
Treaty of Cusseta

The Treaty of Cusseta was a treaty between the government of the United States and the Creek Nation signed March 24, 1832. The treaty ceded all Creek claims east of the Mississippi River to the United States.

Origins
The Treaty of Cusseta, also known as the Third Treaty of Washington, was one of several with the "Five Civilized Tribes." Between 1814 and 1830, the Creek had gradually ceded lands under pressure from European-American settlers and the US government through treaties such as the Treaty of Fort Jackson and the Treaty of Washington (1826). Creek territory was constrained to a strip in east central Alabama along the Georgia border. President Andrew Jackson had signed the Indian Removal Act in 1830, which ultimately led to the deportation of native peoples in the Southeastern United States to the Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River.

Although treaty stipulations had prohibited white settlement of Creek lands, squatters moving into the territory were common and caused significant friction with the Creek. The settlers encroached on their land and competed for game, destroying hunting territory by clearing land and developing farms. Tensions eventually resulted in a party of Creek warriors attacking and burning the town of Roanoke, Georgia.

In response, federal officials met with Creek leaders in the Creek village of Cusseta (Kasihta) on the Chattahoochee River in Georgia. (Lawson Army Airfield in Fort Moore is sited on the former location of Cusseta.) The Creeks were compelled to agree to federal terms as outlined in the Treaty of Cusseta. The treaty was later signed in Washington, D.C.

Terms
The Treaty of Cusseta required that the Creek nation relinquish all claims to land east of the Mississippi River, including the territory in Alabama. In return, individual Creeks were to be granted land claims in the former Creek territory. Each of the ninety Creek chiefs was to receive one section (1 mi2, 2.6 km2) of land and each Creek family was to receive one half-section (0.5 mi2, 1.3 km2) of land of their choosing. Despite the land grants, the treaty made clear the intention of the US government to remove as many Creeks as possible to the west in the least amount of time. The United States agreed to pay expenses for Creek emigrants for the first year after relocation. The treaty also called for the US to make payments to the Creek nation of approximately $350,000 and provide 20 square miles (51 km2) of land to be sold to support Creek orphans.

Aftermath
Once the treaty went into effect, many of the new Creek landowners were quickly taken advantage of by settlers who often purchased the treaty-promised land for a pittance. Those Creeks who managed to keep legal title to their lands were soon overwhelmed by squatters, whom state and federal officials generally refused to evict. When individual Creek attempted to enforce their property rights against squatters, they were often retaliated against by the local militia. By 1835, the situation became intractable and open conflict broke out between Creeks and settlers. The US government responded to violations of the treaty by deporting most of the remaining Creek to the Indian Territory.

title: Treaty of Cusseta


text:
IEEE Standards Association

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standards Association (IEEE SA) is an operating unit within IEEE that develops global standards in a broad range of industries, including: power and energy, artificial intelligence systems, internet of things, consumer technology and consumer electronics, biomedical and health care, learning technology, information technology and robotics, telecommunication, automotive, transportation, home automation, nanotechnology, information assurance, emerging technologies, and many more.

IEEE SA has developed standards for over a century, through a program that offers balance, openness, fair procedures, and consensus. Technical experts from all over the world participate in the development of IEEE standards.

IEEE SA provides a neutral platform that unites communities for standards development and technological innovation and is independent of any government oversight. IEEE SA develops standards that are consensus-based and has two types of standards development participation models. These are individual and entity.

IEEE SA is not a body formally authorized by any government, but rather a community. ISO, IEC and ITU are recognized international standards organizations. ISO members are national standards bodies such as American ANSI, German DIN or Japanese JISC. IEC members are so called National Committees, some of which are hosted by national standards bodies. These are not identical to ISO members. Both IEC and ISO develop International Standards that are consensus-based and follow the "one country one vote principle", representing broad industry needs. Their standards cannot be sponsored by individual companies or organizations.

The 2021-2022 IEEE SA President is Jim Matthews. Jim has been active in IEEE for over 28 years. He belongs to the IEEE SA, IEEE Communications Society, IEEE Photonics Society, IEEE Power & Energy Society, and the IEEE Technology and Engineering Management Society. Jim has also been a member of the ANSI Board since 2001, IEC Vice-President and SMB Chair, and was an ITU-T Rapporteur for over 10 years. Previous Presidents of the IEEE SA include Robert S. Fish (2019-2020), F. Don Wright (2017-2018), Bruce Kraemer (2015-2016, and Karen Bartleson (2013-2014).

The 2023 Chair of IEEE SA Standards Board (SASB) is David J. Law. Previous SASB chairs include J.P. Faure, John Kulick, and Gary Hoffman.

In March 2020, IEEE Standards Association Open - SA Open, (for open source software) announced Silone Bonewald as its new Executive Director.

Membership
IEEE SA has two membership options that enable enhanced participation in IEEE SA activities, standards development, and governance. These are:
 * 1) Corporate Membership accommodates the needs of organizations of any size, enabling multi-stakeholder participation on corporate or "entity" standards development projects.
 * 2) Individual Membership is designed for independent professionals and others interested in participation in individual standards development projects.

At IEEE SA, participation is open to everyone. However, IEEE SA Individual or Corporate Members benefit from enhanced participation privileges. IEEE SA Members enjoy added benefits, including but not limited to the ability to hold working group positions, vote on standards, assume leadership positions in standards working groups and activities, and participate in elections for IEEE SA governing bodies. The IEEE has various related programs in addition to standards development, including Industry Connections, Registries, Conformity Assessment, Alliance Management Services, and IEEE SA Open (for open source).

The standardization process
Each year, the IEEE SA conducts over 200 standards ballots, a process by which proposed standards are voted upon for technical reliability and soundness. In 2020, IEEE had over 1,200 active standards, with over 650 standards under development.

One of the more notable are the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN group of standards, with the widely used computer networking standards for both wired (Ethernet, aka IEEE 802.3) and wireless (IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.16) networks, IEEE 1547 Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems, and ISO/IEEE 11073 Standards for Health Informatics.

The IEEE standards development process can be broken down into six basic steps:

 * 1) Initiating the Project: An IEEE SA Standards Board approved standards committee must oversee a standard project. The Standards Committee provides oversight for the standard from inception to completion. The standards committees are supported by the technical societies within IEEE. To gain authorization for the standard a Project Authorization Request (PAR) is submitted to the IEEE SA Standards Board. The New Standards Committee (NesCom) of the IEEE SA Standards Board reviews the PAR and makes a recommendation to the Standards Board about whether to approve the PAR.
 * 2) Mobilizing the Working Group: After the PAR is approved, a working group of individuals affected by, or interested in, the standard is organized to develop the standard. IEEE SA rules ensure that all Working Group meetings are open and that anyone has the right to attend and contribute to the meetings.
 * 3) Drafting the Standard: The Working Group prepares a draft of the proposed standard. Generally, the draft follows the IEEE Standards Style Manual that sets guidelines for the clauses and format of the standards document.
 * 4) Balloting the Standard: Once a draft of the standard is finalized in the Working Group, the draft is submitted for Balloting approval. The IEEE Standards Department sends an invitation-to-ballot to any individual who has expressed an interest in the subject matter of the standard. Anyone who responds positively to the invitation-to-ballot becomes a member of the balloting group, as long as the individual is an IEEE Standards Association member or has paid a balloting fee. The IEEE requires that a proposed draft of the standard receive a response rate of 75% (i.e., at least 75% of potential ballots are returned) and that, of the responding ballots, at least 75% approve the proposed draft of the standard. If the standard is not approved, the process returns to the drafting of the standard step in order to modify the standard document to gain approval of the balloting group.
 * 5) Gaining Final Approval: After getting 75% approval, the draft standard, along with the balloting comments, are submitted to the IEEE SA Standards Board Review Committee (RevCom). The RevCom reviews the proposed draft of the standard against the IEEE SA Standards Board Bylaws and the stipulations set forth in the IEEE SA Standards Board Operations Manual. The RevCom then makes a recommendation about whether to approve the submitted draft of the standard document. Each member of the IEEE SA Standards Board places a final vote on the submitted standard document. It takes a majority vote of the Standards Board to gain final approval of the standard.
 * 6) Maintaining the Standard: A standard has a validity period of ten years from the date of IEEE SA Standards Board approval. Amendments that offer minor revisions or extensions to the standard, and corrigenda that makes corrections to the standard can be developed and balloted, but the creation of amendments and corrigenda does not affect the ten-year validity rule. At the end of this period, one of two things has to happen: revision or withdrawal. If no action is taken, the standard will be moved to inactive-reserved status. Sometimes a standard may need a technical or editorial correction to be made. As part of the standards development process, IEEE can accommodate this by issuing a corrigenda or errata Sheet.

IEEE SA supports the development, production, and distribution of standards by:

 * Reaching across borders and disciplines to inspire participation in standards development
 * Upholding a framework for the development and maintenance of open, market-driven standards that are voluntarily adopted, based on merit
 * Igniting collaboration and building consensus by adhering to fair and equitable practices, proven policies and procedures
 * Addressing both established and emerging technologies for maximum human and market benefit
 * Supporting standards implementation by providing supplemental resources, products, and services that support development teams
 * Providing rigorous oversight to ensure that no single party unfairly influences the standards development process
 * Encouraging global adoption through the promotion and international distribution of standards and standards-related resources

The patent policy
Because the IEEE's standards often incorporate technologies that are covered by one or more patent claims, the IEEE SA has developed and added to its governing bylaws a patent policy to ensure both that the implementers using the standard-essential patented technology in their standard-compliant products have access to that technology and that the patent holders that voluntarily contribute those technologies to the standard receive adequate compensation for the implementers' use. An important part of the IEEE patent policy is the FRAND commitment, which is a voluntary contractual commitment signifying that a patent holder with patented technology that has been adopted into one of the IEEE's standards will accept as adequate compensation a fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory royalty for third-party use of that technology. Most standard-setting organizations have developed similar patent policies with similar commitments.

In 2014, the IEEE SA became the center of a large academic debate among economic and legal scholars when it appointed an ad hoc committee to recommend and subsequently draft amendments to the IEEE patent policy, to which the IEEE Board of Governors gave final approval in February 2015 and which went into effect in March 2015. The IEEE said that the reason for the amendments was to increase the clarity of the patent policy and the obligations that the patent policy's FRAND commitment imposes on patent holders seeking to enforce their standard-essential patents. One particularly controversial amendment was a provision that prohibited patent holders from seeking injunctions and exclusion orders (from the ITC) against infringers of standard-essential patents.

The Antitrust Division stated its support for the 2015 patent policy revisions in a business review letter that it issued in January 2015, upon request from the IEEE SA. In the letter, the Antitrust Division said that the provisions would unambiguously produce net benefits for consumers with insignificant anticompetitive implications. At least one commentator has criticized the Antitrust Division's legal and economic analysis put forth in its business review letter of the revisions, claiming that the Antitrust Division exaggerated the patent policy's procompetitive benefits and wrongly dismissed as unlikely some of its potential anticompetitive costs.

The IEEE Get Program
The IEEE Get Program makes some standards publicly available for download: This program grants public access to view and download current individual standards at zero charges. On July 11, 2017, the IEEE Get Program moved to the IEEE Xplore digital library website and standards eligible for the program past that date will only be made available there. On September 1, 2017, the original website was decommissioned and remains, without further updates, to redirect visitors.

Boards and committees
A member-elected IEEE SA Board of Governors (BOG) directs the activities of the IEEE SA to establish and maintain policy, provide financial oversight and conduct standards-related activities within IEEE technological fields. It also establishes and oversees boards and committees to carry out the work of the IEEE SA. These boards and committees include:

 * The IEEE SA Standards Board, which initiates standards projects and reviews standards in development to ensure consensus, due process, openness, and balance
 * The Awards & Recognition Committee, which is responsible for the administration of award programs administered by the IEEE SA
 * The Corporate Advisory Group, which serves as an advisory body to IEEE SA Corporate Members and to the IEEE SA BOG to ensure a broad spectrum of industry interests and global perspectives are active
 * The Registration Authority Committee, which oversees the activities of the IEEE Registration Authority
 * The Strategic Planning Coordination Committee, which is responsible for defining IEEE SA positioning and the creation, execution and adjustment of the IEEE SA strategic plan

The IEEE SA BOG has eight Strategic Management and Delivery Committees to address strategic focus areas that are necessary and critical for the IEEE SA to achieve long-term organizational objectives. These are:
 * Financial Sustainability: Strives to ensure IEEE SA long-term financial sustainability, financial transparency, and appropriate management of the financial portfolio. It creates tools to aid the business and investment plans for IEEE SA projects.
 * Industry Engagement and Sector Strategies: Manages a strategic industry engagement framework that aims to bring companies and industry consortia into the IEEE SA ecosystem.
 * Market Incubation and Business Acceleration: Cultivates the growth of a single or of a few strategically important businesses through focused dedication of resources.
 * Marketing Strategies, Technology Policy, Government Engagement, and Regional Marketing Campaigns and Activities: Supports IEEE SA business growth via promotion of brand awareness, provision of all aspects of marketing support, and engagement in public policy initiatives that enhance the reputation of the IEEE SA.
 * Platform Infrastructure Optimization: Assists in the provision of software infrastructure tools and platforms that enable customers, volunteers, and IEEE staff to effectively and efficiently leverage the IEEE SA ecosystem to achieve their goals.
 * Product and Service Innovation: Helps to create, grow, and manage IEEE SA’s product and services portfolio, with an emphasis on products and services that complement IEEE SA’s core consensus businesses.
 * Standards and Standards Innovations: Works to ensure that the standardization environment of the IEEE SA continues to meet the needs of its membership and offers a vibrant home for consensus standards development. In addition, this SMDC aids in the development of standardization processes and governance, including enhancing volunteer engagement and education.
 * Technical Innovation and Engagement: Supports IEEE SA’s strategic interests through interaction and collaboration with other operational units within IEEE.[16]

Awards
The IEEE SA recognizes outstanding standards development participation through various award categories.

title: IEEE Standards Association