text:
Lewis Jones (rugby, born 1931)

Benjamin Lewis Jones (11 April 1931 – 4 March 2024) was a Welsh rugby union and rugby league player who played in the 1950s and 1960s. A dual-code rugby international, he won ten caps for Wales and three for the British Lions in rugby union, and two for Wales and 15 for Great Britain in rugby league.

In rugby union, he played as a full-back, centre and wing for Llanelli and Neath before turning professional and playing rugby league for Leeds, Wentworthville and Dewsbury RLFC, as well as Other Nationalities. Rugby league historian Robert Gate has described Lewis Jones as "arguably the most devastating attacking back Wales has ever produced."

Early life
Born on 11 April 1931, in Gorseinon, Swansea, Lewis Jones was educated at Gowerton Grammar School, where he played both rugby and cricket.

Rugby union career
Jones played club rugby for Neath before undertaking his national service in the Navy in 1949, a month after his 18th birthday. After leaving the navy he joined Llanelli. He won his first cap for Wales against England in 1950. This was a match Jones might easily have missed, as he had been about to depart for Hong Kong on board an aircraft carrier until the orders were countermanded on discovering that he was a rugby player. The same year he played for the British Lions, being flown out as a replacement for an injured player on the tour to New Zealand and Australia, and playing in three test matches. He scored 63 points in seven games in New Zealand and 16 points against Australia in Brisbane.

Rugby league career
In November 1952, Jones signed for Leeds rugby league club for a record £6,000 (based on increases in average earnings, this would be approximately £419,300 in 2016). A broken arm prevented him having much impact in his first season but in the 1953–54 season he scored 302 points and he first represented Wales in 1953 against France. Jones toured Australasia in 1954. In 1956–57, he scored a record 496 points. He also set the record for most points in a test series in 1956–57. He played in the 1957 World Cup.

In the 1960–61 season, he played a great part in Leeds' first Championship.

Jones played, was the captain, and scored a try, and five conversions in Leeds' 25–10 victory over Warrington in the Championship Final at Odsal Stadium, Bradford on Saturday 20 May 1961, in front of a crowd of 52,177.

After the 1953 game against France, Wales did not play another RFL officially recognised international match until 1968; but during this period, a representative Wales team played in two games against France, both of which are now considered official by the Rugby League Record Keepers Society who provide data to International Rugby League. The second of these games saw Jones given the captaincy, leading the Wales team out at Toulouse on 17 February 1963.

Jones also represented Great Britain while at Leeds between 1952 and 1956 against France (two non-test matches). Lewis Jones represented the Rest of the World in the 11–20 defeat by Australia at Sydney Cricket Ground on 29 June 1957.

Jones' Testimonial match at Leeds took place in 1963. He was the first Leeds player to score over 1,000 goals for the club, a feat not matched until 2009 by Kevin Sinfield. Jones became one of fewer than ten Welshmen to have scored more than 2,000 points in their rugby league career.

Jones won 15 caps for Great Britain at rugby league, scoring in every game he played. He spent six years as a player-coach and a further two years as coach of the Wentworthville Magpies in Australia. During his eight-year tenure Wentworthville won seven Second Division premierships. A schoolteacher by profession, he later taught mathematics in Leeds.

As of 2015, he is ninth in British rugby league's "most points in a career" record list behind; Neil Fox, Jim Sullivan, Kevin Sinfield, Gus Risman, John Woods, Mick Nanyn, Cyril Kellett and Kel Coslett.

After playing
At a ceremony at Wheldon Road, the home of Castleford, on 20 August 2009, Jones was named as one of thirteen rugby league footballers to be honoured by the Arriva Yorkshire bus operator by having a fleet of new buses named after them. Members of the public, supported by local rugby league journalists James Deighton (BBC Leeds) and Tim Butcher (editor of Rugby League World), nominated the best ever rugby league footballers to have played in West Yorkshire for the 'Arriva Yorkshire Rugby League Dream Team'.

In 2013, Jones and three other former players were inducted into the Rugby League Hall of Fame.

Jones died on 4 March 2024, at the age of 92.

title: Lewis Jones (rugby, born 1931)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Snakes on a plane

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Keep Wikibofh 15:01, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Snakes on a plane
Unencyclopedic. 202.156.6.61 07:43, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - Accurate title of movie, plus small time internet sensation.
 * It totally lacks encyclopedic tone, but the film is real, so I'll do a quick rewrite. Keep. - Mgm|(talk) 08:48, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Not the best of articles, but I think my rewrite is keepable. - Mgm|(talk) 08:57, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and rename to Snakes on a Plane as listed on IMDb. *drew 13:00, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and rename as per drew. -- Kjkolb 13:27, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep MacGyver Magic's rewritten stub and rename as per Drew. Capitalistroadster 18:01, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I've renamed the article.--Scimitar parley 18:11, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Real movie, apparently. tregoweth  19:57, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep It isn't exactly Citizen Kane, but it's real--Rogerd 06:59, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Snakes on a Kane! Kane on a Plane! Snakes on Kane's Plane! And keep. — mendel ☎ 16:28, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Uhm, it's Snakes on a Plane. Keep it. 128.206.229.182 20:46, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Uhm, it's Snakes on a Plane. Keep it.
 * Keep and rename as per *drew. -- Ipsenaut 17:57, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - Not only is it a real movie, it's turning into a bona-fide Internet meme, including an entry in the Urban Dictionary. Extreme Unction 13:02, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
User talk:Gematt

{| border="1" cellpadding="30" width="100%" Nothing to see here. Move along
 * align="center" bgcolor="#ffffcc" width="80%"| ME Talk

I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

title: User talk:Gematt


text:
Talk:.travel

Untitled 2006 topic
This link is broken > CNN Monday, October 3, 2005: "Domain for travel industry open for business"

Odd to see Bed & Breakfasts included in the list and not hotels. Any reason for this?Csrster 12:30, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

The article seems to read a lot more like a press release and not an article. Narbdance (talk) 19:07, 30 May 2012 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.iana.org/reports/travel-report-05aug05.pdf
 * In .travel on 2011-05-20 22:33:22, Socket Error: 'A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond'
 * In .travel on 2011-05-31 15:15:21, 404 NOT FOUND

--JeffGBot (talk) 15:15, 31 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:.travel


text:
Talk:Microsoft Works

Link?
Hello,

I think the link is outdated or broken. Myrealnamm (talk) 01:33, 29 December 2023 (UTC)

Concern regarding unnecessary removals of citations of now-discontinued products by user 12think
When a product becomes "discontinued" it is surely not right to delete all references to it that appear in other pages of Wikipedia? User 12think has been doing this today, for example in pages StarOffice, List of Mac software, Office Open XML, List of spreadsheet software and this one about Microsoft Works, which used to cite products such as NeoOffice and Collabora Online but those citations have now been removed by 12think.

Although those products are now discontinued there are still valid pages about them on Wikipedia. In my opinion those pages - and any citations of them on other pages - should remain as part of IT history. I am minded to undo all such unnecessary deletions but, before doing so, I wish to have the opinions of other users about this issue. Please look at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/12think and you will see what I mean. Anameisbutaname Talk 20:10, 9 March 2024 (UTC)

 * Hi, have a look at some of the changes I made before, I have tried to improve them for the benefit of history. In many cases I had previously updated areas where it stated "active" or "currently active" software, However, so far, on a case by case I have made changes as follows: Microsoft Works (this document) Appended: “NeoOffice (no longer active in 2024) also used the library”, added a citation to the NeoOffice website. StarOffice: Appended “NeoOffice was also a derivative, but announced that it was no longer active in early 2024. List of Mac software: Appended "discontinued" to OpenOffice.Org and NeoOffice even though the heading says they must be active. Office Open XML: restored and then Appended "discontinued" to NeoOffice. Note that Collabora Online is an active derivative and was not removed as stated in the concern paragraph above. 12think (talk) 06:48, 18 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Thanks for making those changes yourself. Anameisbutaname Talk 08:58, 18 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Microsoft Works


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Game Orbital

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. Carbonite | Talk 12:24, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

The Game Orbital
NN "game". Delete --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 07:06, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not encyclopedic. - Mgm|(talk) 08:59, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, no need to mention a particular one of any number of "on occurance X, hit nearest person" games. Mallocks 22:10, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete NN --Rogerd 01:25, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Mono language (Congo)

Mono is a language spoken by about 65,000 people in the northwestern corner of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is one of the Banda languages, a subbranch of the Ubangian branch of the Niger–Congo languages. It has five dialects: Bili, Bubanda, Mpaka, Galaba, and Kaga.

Mono has 33 consonant phonemes, including three labial-velar stops (,, and prenasalized ), an asymmetrical eight-vowel system, and a labiodental flap (allophonically a bilabial flap ) that contrasts with both  and. It is a tonal language.

title: Mono language (Congo)


text:
User:FunnyMan3595/monobook.js

// User:Lupin/popups.js - please include this line

//document.write(' ');

title: User:FunnyMan3595/monobook.js


text: Category:Cricket grounds in New Zealand

title: Category:Cricket grounds in New Zealand


text:
Buzău (river)

The Buzău river in eastern Romania is a tributary of the river Siret. Its total length is 302 km, and its drainage basin area is 5,264 km2. Its source is in the south-eastern Carpathian Mountains, east of Brașov. The Buzău flows through the Romanian counties Brașov, Covasna, Buzău and Brăila. It flows into the Siret in Voinești, close to its confluence with the Danube, west of Galați.

The river Buzău gives its name to two urban municipalities: the city of Buzău (the Buzău county seat) and the town of Întorsura Buzăului, in Covasna County. Întorsura Buzăului (which means Buzău's Turning in Romanian) gets its name from being located near a large turn that the river takes. It initially flows northwards, but takes a sudden turn towards the south-east near the town.

Towns and villages
The following towns and villages are situated along the river Buzău, from source to mouth: Vama Buzăului, Întorsura Buzăului, Sita Buzăului, Crasna, Siriu, Nehoiașu, Nehoiu, Păltineni, Pătârlagele, Pănătău, Cislău, Viperești, Măgura, Berca, Săpoca, Vernești, Mărăcineni, Buzău, Săgeata, Găvănești, Banița, Vișani, Câineni-Băi, Grădiștea, Racovița, Latinu.

Tributaries
The following rivers are tributaries of the Buzău (from source to mouth):

Left: Strâmbul, Urlătoarea Mare, Urlătoarea Mică, Dălghiu, Acriș, Lădăuți, Zăbrătău, Harțag, Sasu, Grămăticu, Tehereu, Ghiurca Mare, Cășoaca Mare, Bâsca, Ciptoraș, Sibiciu, Pănătău, Rușavăț, Bălăneasa, Oleșești, Sărățel, Pâclele (or Murătoarea Pâclei), Slănic, Blăjanca, Valea Largă, Сâlnău, Coștei, Valea Boului, Ghergheasa, Bold

Right: Pârâul Feței, Pârâul Ilcii, Buzăiel, Ciumernic, Chichirău, Crasna, Izvorul Negru, Bradu, Siriul Mare, Bonțu Mare, Nehoiu, Cătiașul Plescari, Valea Rea, Muscel, Bâsca Chiojdului, Nișcov, Buzoel

title: Buzău (river)


text: User talk:82.69.20.90

title: User talk:82.69.20.90


text: Category:Law enforcement in Saudi Arabia


text:
Category:Dams in China

This category is for dams in China.

title: Category:Dams in China


text:
User:Jasonuhl

This page intentionally left blank.

title: User:Jasonuhl


text:
Talk:Alan Parsons

Untitled
boooo lame stub alan deserves better —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 166.44.39.88 (talk • contribs) 07:48, 5 October 2005.

I agree, feel free to add any information you think is appropriate that isn't replicated in The Alan Parsons Project. :) Mallocks 09:15, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Alan Parsons - Try Anything.jpg
Image:Alan Parsons - Try Anything.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 19:12, 31 May 2007 (UTC)

Fair use criteria
The use of images not in compliance with our fair-use criteria or our policy on nonfree content is not appropriate, and the images have been removed. Please do not restore them. — M o e   ε  20:38, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

Early life
I have rewrote the lead to emphasize his important contributions (notability), and moved some info into an "Early life" section, but I'm a copyeditor, not a researcher. It would be so very nice if someone were to expand this new section with more info about Alan's childhood & etc., don't you think? :) Eaglizard 23:57, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

Minor additions
I am totally new to wikipedia and have added a very small amount of text to this page about Alan Parsons. Firstly I have tackled a couple of typos, next I added one line noting his work with Iconic Phare which is significant because it marked his real return to working with new, talented concept rock bands. I also added one sentence about Alan running the Abbey Road Studios for approx a year towards the end of the late 1990's.Finally, I have added a section for references to be added at the bottom - I did ths simply to address the "warning" box at the top of the page about the lack of references - I hope previous contributors are happy with what I've done - my sources are the Official AP Fan club - The Avenue, Carrera Records and the writing of Max Rooder (Music Journalist) and myself (I worked alongside Alan Parsons on a number of occasions in the late 1990s - including times at the "Night of the Proms", Abbey Road Studios and at Carrera Records. Kind regards to all ---Freedomintheskies2204 (talk) 23:27, 14 October 2009 (UTC)

Earth LP?
I just found out about this on 25.11.2015. Apparently Mr. Parsons had cut an album back in 1968, one that seems never to have been released. Does anyone have more info about this? Shotguntony (talk) 13:39, 25 November 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070928015710/http://www.fohonline.com/news/news.php?sCode=05051106.txt to http://www.fohonline.com/news/news.php?sCode=05051106.txt

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Vangelis
Vangelis influences — Preceding unsigned comment added by 152.168.206.175 (talk • contribs) 9 October 2016 (UTC)
 * You're going to have to give us more that that if you want your comment to produce changes to the article. - dcljr (talk) 00:43, 10 October 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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Denys Parsons
I think Alan Parsons' father, Denys Parsons, deserves a Wikipedia page. Unfortunately, my English isn't good enough for me to create it. Information on him can be found in Imdb, Wikipédia in French, etc.

Thanks in advance. E.Polti (talk) 17:27, 3 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Alan Parsons


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/"I am disinclined to acquiesce to your request."

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete --Allen3 talk 12:46, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

"I am disinclined to acquiesce to your request."
Not notable. Delete. utcursch | talk 07:49, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Individual lines, even recurring ones, are nothing but moviecruft. — J I P | Talk 08:02, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Don't seem to have any value to the public. Delete Oyvind 08:49, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete cannot be expanded. If by some miracle it can, such info should be at the Pirates of the Carabian article. - Mgm|(talk) 09:01, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. All of the above, except it's so small it doesn't even qualify as moviecruft. --Pablo D. Flores (Talk) 13:32, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect to Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl. - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 14:43, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * "I am dis inclined to acquiesce to your request..." to Delete.--Isotope23 15:23, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete with no redirect. Concur w/MacGyverMagic, the Pirates article or the IMDB quotes section is where this belongs, not as its own wp article. Non-encyclopedic. KillerChihuahua 17:44, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Or Wikiquote:Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (where it already is). ☺ Uncle G 21:22, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Moviecruft. Optichan 19:21, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, no redirect. Even lines that are frequently quoted without knowing what they're from ("Frankly, my dear, I don't give a damn") don't need articles. --Carnildo 21:04, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I assume that you mean this only in cases where the line doesn't transcend the source material? "All your base are belong to us", for example, certainly merits an article. - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 22:50, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect as per A Man In Black's comments below. Mallocks 22:12, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirects are cheap, and discourage recreation of the article. - A Man In Black (conspire | past ops) 22:14, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Given that it has already been recreated, I agree, and have changed my vote. Mallocks 22:44, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect to Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl. HartMac 00:43, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete --Herzog 03:46, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Total cruftage --Atlantima 18:26, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect, per A Man In Black's comment. Vary 16:13, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete w/o redirect. Who on earth would search for that?  Grue   12:31, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Clara Ant

Clara Levin Ant (born 7 February 1948) is a Bolivian architect and political activist in Brazil.

She started her political activity in the Trotskyist movement Liberdade e Luta but later moved to the centre left. Ant has been an activist of the Brazilian Partido dos Trabalhadores since its onset and was the party's treasurer before been elected a parliamentarian in 1986. Later she became involved in the Executive branch of government as a regional administrator in the city of São Paulo under Marta Suplicy. She served as the Personal Assistant to Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. She played a role communicating between Lula / PT and the Brazilian Jewish community.

title: Clara Ant


text:
Keith Adams (filmmaker)

Keith Flexmore Adams (8 September 1926 – 5 April 2012) was an Australian filmmaker and adventurer.

Adams was born in Scottsdale, Tasmania. In 1955, Adams filmed an amateur production tilted Northern Safari (1956), in which he, his wife Audrey, his sister Margaret, and Tiger, a Smooth Fox Terrier, travelled in a 1948 Buick from their home in Perth, Western Australia, across the Gibson Desert to the Gulf of Carpentaria. Adams predated several Australian adventurers by decades, such as Malcolm Douglas, the Leyland Brothers, Harry Butler, Les Hiddins (The Bush Tucker Man), Paul Hogan's fictional Crocodile Dundee and Steve Irwin. He presented his film throughout Australia and several overseas countries.

Adams' autobiography, Crocodile Safari Man: My Tasmanian Childhood in the Great Depression & 50 Years of Desert Safaris to the Gulf of Carpentaria 1949 – 1999 (ISBN 9781875998821), was published in 2000.

Adams died at age 85 on 5 April 2012 in the Perth suburb of Karrinyup.

title: Keith Adams (filmmaker)


text:
Faster Pussycat (album)

Faster Pussycat is the first album by the band of the same name. The album reached number 97 on the Billboard 200 chart. Videos were made for several of the songs on the album, including "Don't Change That Song", which had a video directed by Russ Meyer.

The song "Babylon" featured scratching by one time club DJ Riki Rachtman. Riki was Taime Downe's roommate and together they opened the nightclub Cathouse.

The band performed "Cathouse" and "Bathroom Wall" in the film The Decline of Western Civilization Part II: The Metal Years, and they were interviewed in the segment as well.

The album was reissued on CD by UK-based company Rock Candy Records, with expanded liner notes and photos.

Style
Unlike most of the rest of their music, this album is generally seen as just being a pure glam metal album without the later blues or industrial influences they would take in.

Track listing

 * 1) "Don't Change That Song" (Taime Downe, Greg Steele) – 3:40
 * 2) "Bathroom Wall" (Downe) – 3:40
 * 3) "No Room for Emotion" (Downe, Brent Muscat) – 3:56
 * 4) "Cathouse" (Downe) – 3:42
 * 5) "Babylon" (Downe, Steele) – 3:14
 * 6) "Smash Alley" (Downe, Muscat) – 3:28
 * 7) "Shooting You Down" (Downe) – 3:46
 * 8) "City Has No Heart" (Downe, Muscat) – 4:19
 * 9) "Ship Rolls In" (Downe, Steele) – 3:26
 * 10) "Bottle in Front of Me" (Downe, Muscat) – 3:02

Reception
In 2005, Faster Pussycat was ranked number 498 in Rock Hard magazine's book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time.

Personnel

 * Faster Pussycat
 * Taime Downe – lead vocals
 * Greg Steele – guitar, backing vocals
 * Brent Muscat – guitar, backing vocals
 * Eric Stacy – bass guitar, backing vocals
 * Mark Michals – drums, backing vocals

title: Faster Pussycat (album)


text: Category:Cricket grounds in Pakistan

title: Category:Cricket grounds in Pakistan


text:
Cassia gum

Cassia gum is the flour and food additives made from the endosperms of the seeds of Senna obtusifolia and Senna tora (also called Cassia obtusifolia or Cassia tora). It is composed of at least 75% polysaccharide, primarily galactomannan with a mannose:galactose ratio of 5:1, resulting in a high molecular mass of 200,000–300,000 Da.

Japan
In 1995, cassia gum was added to the list of approved food additives in Japan by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare.

United States
Two GRAS notices were filed to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), one on June 23, 2000 (GRN 51), and one on November 21, 2003 (GRN 139), both of which were not evaluated due to notifier's request to cease evaluation. In June 2008, specialty firm Lubrizol Advanced Material filed a petition to the FDA proposing that food regulations be amended to provide for the use of cassia gum as a stabilizer in frozen dairy desserts. Approval in the US is still pending, with no clear indication of when it may be obtained.

European Union
In 2010, cassia gum received EU approval for human food applications.

Uses
It is used as a thickener and gelling agent, and has E-number E427 in food and E499 in feed (pet food).

title: Cassia gum


text: Category:Cricket grounds in the West Indies


text:
LAPD Rampart Division

The Rampart Division of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) serves communities to the west of Downtown Los Angeles (DTLA) including Silver Lake, Echo Park, Pico-Union and Westlake, all together designated as the Rampart patrol area. Its name is derived from Rampart Boulevard, one of the principal thoroughfares in its patrol area. The original station opened in 1966, located at 2710 West Temple Street. In 2008, the staff moved southeast to a newer facility located at 1401 West 6th Street. With 164,961 residents occupying a 5.4 sqmi area, Rampart is one of Los Angeles's most densely populated communities.

History
The Los Angeles Police Department's (LAPD) Rampart Division (#02) was created in October 1966. It was formed from portions of LAPD's Central, Wilshire, University (now Southwest), and Hollywood Areas. William H. Parker was the Chief of Police at the time, and he stated that the new Rampart Division was needed to decrease the span between the Metropolitan, Hollywood, and Wilshire Areas. Several locations for the original station were considered before the Rampart Heights area was finally chosen in 1961. In 1963, the property at the southwest corner of Temple St and Benton Way was obtained, and construction began in December 1964. The total cost of the site, design, construction, equipment and furnishings was $1,419,397.

The LAPD Rampart Division Station, located at 2710 West Temple Street officially opened on October 23, 1966, under the command of Captain R. O. Bradley. Rampart Area spanned approximately 13.7 sqmi and served approximately 200,000 citizens. Its borders at the time were: Normandie Ave on the west; Santa Monica Bl, Hyperion Ave, and the Los Angeles River to the North; the 110-Pasadena/Harbor Freeway to the east; and the 10-Santa Monica Freeway to the south. As the population grew and more personnel were needed to serve the area, space became an issue. Detective functions were eventually relocated to a separate building, located at 303 S. Union Avenue.

After 40 years of wear and tear, the time came to replace the original station on Temple St. A decision was made to build the new station on the site where the aging Central Receiving Hospital was then located. The new Rampart Community Police Station, located at 1401 W. 6th St., opened its doors on July 25, 2008 under the command of Captain III John Egan and Captain I Paul Hernandez. It was assigned approximately 275 Police Officers, 55 Detectives, and 50 civilian personnel. The new station re-united Rampart Patrol and Detectives under one roof again, serving approximately 375,000 people in an 8 sqmi area.

Soon after the new Rampart Station opened, the LAPD created a new Division, the Olympic Area (#20). On January 4, 2009, Olympic Community Police Station opened its doors and assumed responsibility for a portion of what was formerly the west side of Rampart Division, from Normandie to Hoover Street. Currently, Rampart Division has about 330 personnel that provide service to approximately 164,961 inhabitants in a compact 5.54 sqmi area. The population density of the Rampart Area is similar to Manhattan Island. It serves the communities of Angeleno Heights, Echo Park, Silver Lake, Historic Filipinotown, Korea Town, Lafayette Park, Macarthur Park, Pico-Union, Temple-Beaudry, Virgil Village, and Westlake.

Rampart Community Police Advisory Board (C-PAB)
The Rampart CPAB remains active with committees addressing specific issues such as traffic, crime, youth programs, and membership. Each member is independently active in the community and has the ability to relay information to thousands of community members. CPAB members provide an extremely valuable service to the Rampart Area as they are able to relay the pulse and sentiment of the community at any given time.

Community-Police Advisory Boards (C-PABs) were created in 1993 to provide community members with an opportunity to provide information and advice to their respective Area and to take information from the police department back to the community. Each of the 21 geographic Areas (community police stations) throughout Los Angeles has its own C-PAB. These advisory groups meet monthly to discuss crime and quality of life issues. Each C-PAB has two co-chairs, one of the Area commanding officer while the second is a civilian member voted on by the membership. Recently, many C-PABs have formed subcommittees in addition to the general group to tackle specific crime and quality of life problems. Examples of C-PAB subcommittees include Graffiti, Youth, Homeless Outreach and Traffic.

Neighborhood Councils
Through a network of Neighborhood Councils, the City of Los Angeles promotes public participation in government and works to improve government responsiveness to local concerns.
 * East Hollywood Neighborhood Council
 * Greater Echo Park Elysian Neighborhood Council
 * MacArthur Park Neighborhood Council
 * Pico Union Neighborhood Council
 * Rampart Village Neighborhood Council
 * Silver Lake Neighborhood Council
 * Westlake North Neighborhood Council
 * Westlake South Neighborhood Council
 * Wilshire Center Koreatown

Criminal street gangs
Rampart may have been one of the most disputed gang territories in LA. There are numerous criminal street gangs in the Rampart Area. They include, but are not limited to 18th St, MS-13, Echo Park, Rockwood, Temple St, Witmer St, Clanton 14, Wanderers, Varrio Vista Rifa, Head Hunters, Diamond St, and La Mirada Locos.

November 9, 2004 – Hostage taker at the Mexican consulate
On Tuesday, November 9, 2004, at approximately 8:30 a.m., Los Angeles Police received a 911 call of a man with a gun attempting to take a hostage inside the Mexican Consulate at 2401 W. 6th Street. Rampart Division Patrol Officers responded, and while setting up a perimeter saw a male suspect leave the building with a woman he was holding hostage. The suspect was holding her tightly from behind, with his arm around her neck and was armed with what appeared to be a handgun. Sergeant Hector Feliciano fired one round from his handgun, striking the suspect, who released the hostage and fell to the ground. The suspect was later identified as 19-year-old Manuel Jubenal Ortiz, and the gun he was carrying was determined to be a starter pistol. The victim, 31-year-old Dunia Gonzalez, who was pregnant and an employee of the Mexican Consulate, was not injured. She was taken safely away from the scene by another Rampart officer. The suspect, who was injured in the officer involved shooting, was taken by rescue ambulance to the University of Southern California Medical Center (USCMC), where he later died. The FBI was handling the criminal investigation with assistance from Robbery-Homicide Division. The drama unfolded on live TV. Sergeant Feliciano received the LAPD's Medal of Valor and an honorable mention commendation at the TOP COPS Award Ceremony, by NAPO.

September 11, 2012 – Pursuit and shoot-out with murder and carjack suspect
On September 11, 2012, Rampart officers observed a vehicle reported stolen at gunpoint earlier in the day from the North Hollywood Area. Officers attempted to pull it over about 6p.m. near the intersection of Sunset Boulevard and Rosemont Avenue but the suspect refused, leading police on a pursuit through Echo Park, Silver Lake and downtown for more than an hour. During the pursuit officers recognized the suspect as a person wanted in connection with a homicide earlier in the year. The chase ended when the driver crashed into another vehicle at the intersection of South Bixel and West 7th streets. The suspect exited the stolen car with an assault rifle and engaged officers in shoot-out until he was wounded and taken into custody. No officers were hurt. The civilian from the car that the suspect crashed into was rescued by officers and led away to safety. For their actions of bravery above and beyond the call of duty, officers from LAPD's Rampart, Olympic, and Metropolitan Divisions were recognized at a White House ceremony by President Barack Obama, and honored with the prestigious Top Cop Award by NAPO.

Rampart scandal
The Community Resources Against Street Hoodlums (CRASH) anti-gang program, initiated under the direction of LAPD Chief Daryl F. Gates in the late 1970s, had encountered some success in the Rampart Division. However, in 1998–2000, graphic allegations of extreme police misconduct among Rampart's CRASH squad began to emerge. This misconduct involved several officers and detectives, most notably Rafael Perez. Perez was suspected of being involved in a bank robbery committed by another Rampart Division officer, David Mack; he also stole 6 lbs. of cocaine from an LAPD evidence locker, which eventually led to his arrest. His most egregious act involved the shooting—and framing—of unarmed gang member Javier Ovando. Perez originally claimed that Ovando had opened fire at both Perez and another officer, Nino Durden. The two officers then returned fire, leaving Ovando paralyzed. Perez and Durden then framed Ovando for the attack, and he was found guilty and sentenced to 23 years in prison (Ovando was released when Perez admitted to shooting and framing him). After several other incidents, the LAPD became suspicious of Perez and began to investigate him. Perez later pleaded guilty to the cocaine theft in exchange for information about other corrupt officers within the Rampart Division. In turn, Perez implicated approximately 70 officers of misconduct.

Popular culture
Although not set in the Rampart Division, the long-running television series Adam-12 featured the Rampart Division station on Temple Street as the setting for the series. However, according to the radio call sign of the unit "1-Adam 12", the station is actually the Central Division station (Division One), which serves Downtown Los Angeles.
 * Adam-12 (TV series)

Southland featured the new Rampart Division station at 1401 W. 6th St in roll call room and station scenes. The critically acclaimed series ran from 2009 to 2013. Southland takes a "raw and authentic look" at Los Angeles and the lives of the LAPD officers who police it. The show's first season centers on the experiences and interactions of LAPD patrol officers and detectives, and is more a character-driven drama than a police procedural. Among the characters are rookie Officer Ben Sherman and his training officer, John Cooper who, unknown to most of his colleagues, is homosexual; Detective Lydia Adams, who must balance work with the responsibility of living with her mother; Officer Chickie Brown, who aspires to be the first woman on the LAPD's elite SWAT team; and Detective Sammy Bryant, whose home life interferes with his working life. After its first season on NBC, Southland moved to TNT network. The second season placed less emphasis on the ensemble cast, instead focusing more on the Adams, Sherman, Cooper and Bryant characters and their partners. Also, the weekly stories centered more on how crimes came together, with fewer serialized story lines.
 * Southland (TV series)

The 1988 film Colors, starring Academy Award-winning actors Robert Duvall and Sean Penn (and directed by Dennis Hopper), attempted to realistically show police work by portraying the lives of a veteran and a rookie LAPD officer partnered together in a gang-infested part of Los Angeles. The film actually uses the real-life CRASH acronym as the division Duvall and Penn's characters are working under.
 * Colors (film)

The 2001 film Training Day starred Academy Award-winner Denzel Washington and Ethan Hawke (and was directed by Antoine Fuqua). The film, as the title suggests, follows a single day in the life of a young LAPD officer, Jake Hoyt (Hawke), as he is subjected to a uniquely challenging evaluation by Alonzo Harris (Washington), a highly decorated detective with the LAPD narcotics division, to see if he has what it takes to be a "narc" (narcotics officer). The entire film takes place over a single intense 24-hour period in Los Angeles. It was partly based on and heavily influenced by the Rampart Division CRASH unit and the surrounding scandal.
 * Training Day (film)

In the 2004 film, Crash, an off-duty black police officer is shot by an off-duty white officer in a turn of events very similar to the shooting of Kevin Gaines. The said black officer is, later, found to be corrupt, just like in the case of Kevin Gaines. However, in the film the corrupt nature of the black officer is suppressed by the city district attorney in order to not lose the black vote.
 * Crash (film)

FX Networks' hit series The Shield is inspired by Rampart's C.R.A.S.H. unit. Originally called "Rampart" when the first ads were run, the show's title was later changed at the request of the LAPD. By calling the show "Rampart", the LAPD claimed that the show's graphic content would portray them as corrupt. Consequently, the show was set up in the fictional Farmington Division ("the Farm") of Los Angeles (based on East and South Central Los Angeles), using a converted church ("the Barn") as their police station. The show primarily follows the activities of Detective Vic Mackey (portrayed by Emmy winner Michael Chiklis) and the corrupt detectives under his command, Shane Vendrell, Curtis Lemansky, and Ronnie Gardocki, who make up the "Strike Team", a special experimental LAPD unit specializing in anti-gang activity and anti-drug and weapon trafficking.
 * The Shield (TV series)

Another portrayal of the Rampart Scandal can be seen in the film Dirty, which follows two corrupt members of an LAPD anti-gang unit (portrayed by Clifton Collins, Jr. and Academy Award winner Cuba Gooding, Jr.) through a day at work, showing actions such as the killing of gang members, theft of narcotics evidence, and planting of evidence on shooting victims, and showing the eventual consequences of these actions.
 * Dirty (film)

Echo Park is a novel by Michael Connelly. A serendipitous traffic stop in L.A.'s Echo Park neighborhood nabs Reynard Waits, a man with body parts in his van on the floorboard in front of the front seat. Detective Freddy Olivas is working the case and Richard O'Shea is the prosecutor assigned. Soon Waits has confessed to a string of slayings involving prostitutes and runaways, as well as to two earlier murders: one of a pawnshop owner during the 1992 riots, the other of Marie Gesto.
 * Echo Park (novel)

In 2010, the crime drama movie Faster featured a police officer played by Billy Bob Thornton who is revealed to be a corrupt former Rampart CRASH officer.
 * Faster (film)

Rampart is a 2011 feature film derived from the Rampart Scandal and starring Woody Harrelson, Ben Foster and Ice Cube. Based on a James Ellroy screenplay that covers both the scandal and the LAPD C.R.A.S.H. units involved, the film was directed and co-written by Oren Moverman. Harrelson portrays Dave Brown, a personally and professionally conflicted LAPD officer caught up in the aftermath of the scandal which brings him to the attention of Kyle Timkins (Ice Cube) as an internal affairs investigator. Filming was completed in December, 2010 in LA.
 * Rampart (film)

The plot of Rockstar Games' controversial video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas, set in 1992 in a fictional version of Los Angeles, involves two corrupt CRASH officers and one that disagrees with the others. The CRASH motto, "intimidate those who intimidate others", is spoken directly by one of these characters during the course of the game.
 * GTA San Andreas (Video Game)

Locations of interest in Rampart Area

 * Echo Park
 * Carroll Avenue Victorian Homes
 * Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce
 * Los Angeles Center Studios
 * MacArthur Park
 * Original Tommy's

title: LAPD Rampart Division


text:
Raycraft Ranch killifish

The Raycraft Ranch killifish or Raycraft poolfish (Empetrichthys latos concavus), a subspecies of the killifish Empetrichthys latos, was first described in 1948. This subspecies was restricted to a single spring on the Raycraft Ranch in the Pahrump Valley of Nye County, Nevada. It became extinct, most likely late in the 1950s, as a result of groundwater extraction and the filling in of the spring, along with competition from introduced carp species.

title: Raycraft Ranch killifish


text:
Franklin, New York

Franklin, New York may refer to:

 * Franklin County, New York
 * Franklin, Franklin County, New York, a town in Franklin County
 * Franklin, Delaware County, New York, a town in Delaware County
 * Franklin (village), New York, in Delaware County's town of Franklin
 * Williamstown, New York, formerly known as Franklin

title: Franklin, New York


text: User talk:70.19.76.66

title: User talk:70.19.76.66


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aayan Gunasingam

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. Ëvilphoenix Burn! 17:30, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Aayan Gunasingam
Non notable. Fails Google test. Delete. utcursch | talk 07:59, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete not notable. MONGO 10:17, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

*Keep Not surprising that he is not in google. He works in Sri Lanka taking care of sick people and working for peace. How is that not notable??? Keep this up and wikipedia becomes a "best of google." -Daniel Lotspeich MD --Daniel Lotspeich 23:18, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment, In Wikipedia, notability means 'name recognition'. Wikipedia is not necessarily a good or accurate reflection of the real world. It just presents what history recorded and what the elites (in the sociology sense) want us to think. If you can find his name in a journal of medicine (google doesn't search academic journals) or something then he might stand a chance. --maclean25 01:25, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * DeleteI searched for the name in OVID Medline (a medical database) and nothing came up. Could be the next Mother Theresa, but apparently will be working in obscurity.--Daniel Lotspeich 20:37, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete unless further notability can be established. There is very little claim to his notability in the article and without some other evidence of notability, I don't see much to merit keeping... --Daedalus-Prime 23:39, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete While I'm sure Gunasingam is a very inspiring man, like it or not, Google is an arbiter of notability on a web-based project such as this. Zero hits is not at all encouraging; I would expect at least a few if he were a notable peace activist. Is it possible a Hindi or Tamil search might be more fruitful? Denni ☯ 01:33, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Denni.--Kross 07:07, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Valery Larbaud

Valery Larbaud (29 August 1881 – 2 February 1957) was a French writer and poet.

Life
He was born in Vichy, the only child of a pharmacist Nicolas Larbaud and Isabelle Bureau des Étivaux. His father died when he was 8, and he was brought up by his mother and aunt. His father had been owner of the Vichy Saint-Yorre mineral water springs, and the family fortune assured him an easy life. He travelled Europe in style. On luxury liners and the Orient Express he carried off the dandy role, with spa visits to nurse fragile health.

Poèmes par un riche amateur, published in 1908, received Octave Mirbeau's vote for prix Goncourt. Three years later, his novel Fermina Márquez, inspired by his days as a boarder at Sainte-Barbe-des-Champs at Fontenay-aux-Roses, had some prix Goncourt votes in 1911 but did not win; nonetheless, it is still considered to be a minor classic of French literature and one of Larbaud's best known works.

He spoke six languages including English, Italian and Spanish. In France he helped translate and popularise Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Walt Whitman, Samuel Butler, and James Joyce, whose Ulysses was translated by Auguste Morel (1924–1929) under Larbaud's supervision.

At home in Vichy, he saw as friends Charles-Louis Philippe, André Gide, Léon-Paul Fargue and Jean Aubry, his future biographer. An attack of hemiplegia and aphasia in 1935 left him paralysed. Having spent his fortune, he had to sell his property and 15,000 book library. Despite his illness, he continued to receive many honorary titles, and in 1952 he was awarded the Grand prix national des Lettres.

The prix Valery Larbaud was created in 1967 by L'Association Internationale des Amis de Valery Larbaud, a group founded to promote the author's work. Past winners of this yearly award include J.M.G. Le Clézio, Jacques Réda, Emmanuel Carrère, and Jean Rolin.

Works

 * Poèmes par un riche amateur (1908) as A.O. Barnabooth.
 * Fermina Márquez (1911)
 * A.O. Barnabooth (1913)
 * Enfantines (1918)
 * Beauté, mon beau souci (1920)
 * Amants, heureux amants (1923)
 * Mon plus secret conseil... (1923)
 * Ce Vice impuni, la lecture : domaine anglais (1925)
 * Jaune bleu blanc (1927)
 * Aux couleurs de Rome (1938)
 * Ce Vice impuni, la lecture : domaine français (1941)
 * Sous l'invocation de saint Jérôme (1946)
 * Chez Chesterton
 * Ode à une blanchisseuse

title: Valery Larbaud


text:
Rukn al-Dawla

Hasan (died September 976), better known by his laqab as Rukn al-Dawla (Persian: رکن‌الدوله دیلمی), was the first Buyid amir of northern and central Iran (c. 935-976). He was the son of Buya.

Struggle for power
Hasan was the son of Buya, a Dailamite fisherman from Lahijan, who left his Zoroastrian faith and converted to Islam. Hasan had an older brother named 'Ali and a younger brother named Ahmad. He also had a sister named Kama.

In around 928, Hasan's brother 'Ali joined the services of Makan, who was the Samanid governor of Ray. 'Ali then managed to gain military positions for Hasan and their other brother Ahmad. At the time, Hasan was about thirty years old. When Makan attacked his Samanid overlords and was subsequently defeated by the Ziyarid prince Mardavij, the brothers transferred their allegiance to the latter.

In the following years, 'Ali repudiated his subservience to Mardavij and, after some time, managed to create an empire in Fars. During this time, Hasan distinguished himself in the battles over that province. Mardavij, however, marched south and forced 'Ali to recognize his authority in around 934. Hasan was sent to Madavij's court as a hostage. The death of Mardavij in 935 allowed Hasan to escape, and also provided an opportunity for the Buyids to expand into central Iran. 'Ali therefore sent Hasan to take Isfahan. The Ziyarids, now under Vushmgir, were busy dealing with the Samanids, allowing the Buyid to easily take the city. This success did not last, however. Internal disruptions, combined with an invasion by Vushmgir, forced Hasan to abandon Isfahan to the Ziyarids three years later. In 940, he appointed Abu 'l-Fadl ibn al-'Amid as his vizier.

Although he did not receive much support from 'Ali, Hasan continued to be involved in central Iran. In 940 he recaptured Isfahan, then defeated Vushmgir in battle and occupied Ray, which had been taken by the Samanids, in 943. Meanwhile, in 945 Hasan's brother Ahmad had managed to capture Baghdad, occupying the Abbasid Caliphate. The caliph al-Mustakfi gave Ahmad the honorific title of "Mu'izz al-Dawla", while 'Ali received the title of "'Imad al-Dawla". Hasan himself was bestowed with the title "Rukn al-Dawla".

That same year, 945, saw Rukn al-Dawla expelled from all of central Iran by Ibn Muhtaj, the governor of Samanid Khurasan. Only in 946 or 947 was he able to make his return to Ray. He was, however, able to expand his territory after doing so, stripping Vushmgir of Gurgan and Tabaristan. Some time later, Abu Mansur Muhammad, a former Samanid general who had rebelled against them, took refuge in Ray, and was honored by Rukn al-Dawla, who, along with his brothers, greatly awarded him with riches. Rukn al-Dawla shortly sent Abu Mansur to Damghan in order to protect Ray from an Samanid invasion.

In 948 or 949, the Sallarid ruler of Azerbaijan, al-Marzuban, became angry over a diplomatic insult sent to him by Mu'izz al-Dawla. He sought revenge against the Buyids by attempting to seize Ray from Rukn al-Dawla. The amir, however, convinced al-Marzuban by diplomatic measures to delay his expedition until his brothers sent him additional armies; he then sent an army under Abu Mansur which defeated al-Marzuban near Qazvin and imprisoned him.

Senior ruler of the Buyid state
In around 948 'Imad al-Dawla named Rukn al-Dawla's eldest son, Fana Khusrau ('Adud al-Dawla) as his successor. In September 949 he died, and Rukn al-Dawla claimed the title of senior amir for himself. He traveled to Shiraz and stayed there for at least nine months in order to secure his son's succession there, despite the fact that the Samanids were threatening his own possessions. Mu'izz al-Dawla, meanwhile, accepted Rukn al-Dawla's position of senior amir and also sent troops to Shiraz to assist 'Adud al-Dawla.

With his substantial territories in central Iran, as well as pledges to respect his authority by both Mu'izz al-Dawla and 'Adud al-Dawla, Rukn al-Dawla was now the most powerful ruler in the Buyid empire. The center of power therefore shifted from Shiraz to Ray. As a consequence of this, Rukn al-Dawla was able to request troops from the other Buyid rulers. His own position was not secure; during his time in Shiraz the governor of Samanid Khurasan seized Jibal for a time.

First invasion of Azerbaijan and aftermath
In 949, Rukn al-Dawla sent Abu Mansur to Azerbaijan with orders to take control of the province. Marzuban's brother and the Sallarid ruler of Dailam, Wahsudan, shortly sent an army under the Kurdish general Daisam, but the latter was forced to retreat to Arran. Furthermore, the vizier of Daisam, Ibn Mahmud, betrayed him and joined Abu Mansur, who managed to successfully conquer Azerbaijan, and was shortly appointed as the governor of the region by Rukn al-Dawla. Ibn Mahmud was shortly appointed by Abu Mansur as his personal minister.

However, an unnamed secretary of Abu Mansur, who had greatly helped him during his conquest of Azerbaijan, felt insulted that he had chosen Ibn Mahmud as his minister instead of him, and shortly raised an army, and joined Daisam. Meanwhile, Abu Mansur, who was not used to the environment of Azerbaijan, left the region with Ibn Mahmud, and returned to Ray, thus ending the short-lived Buyid rule over Azerbaijan. In 952 or 953 al-Marzuban escaped, and after some fighting retook control of Azerbaijan. By 955, Rukn al-Dawla made peace with him, and married his daughter.

The fight between the Buyids and the Ziyarids, along with their Samanid overlords over Gurgan and Tabaristan also continued until 955, with control of the provinces switching hands several times. Rukn al-Dawla was forced to sign a treaty with the Samanids, in which he promised to respect the independence of the Ziyarids in exchange for peace. The peace did not last long, however; in 958 Vushmgir occupied Ray for a short time, while in 960 Rukn al-Dawla briefly gained control of Gurgan. In 962, the Buyids managed to take both Gurgan and Tabaristan for a short time.

Clash with the ghazis, the second invasion of Azerbaijan and aftermath
In 966, a large group of ghazis from Khorasan, plundered Jibal, and also managed to wound Rukn al-Dawla's vizier Abu 'l-Fadl. The ghazis shortly marched towards an important Buyid library in Ray, which was, however, saved by Abu 'l-Fadl's chief librarian Ibn Miskawayh. Rukn al-Dawla shortly sent an army under his nephew Ali ibn Kama which managed to repel the ghazis. The next year, under the orders of Rukn al-Dawla, Abu 'l-Fadl conquered Azerbaijan, and restored Rukn al-Dawla's son-in-law the Sallarid Ibrahim I ibn Marzuban I as the ruler of the region. Abu 'l-Fadl shortly urged Rukn al-Dawla to depose Ibrahim and impose direct Buyid control on the region. Rukn al-Dawla, however, declined his advice. In 970, Rukn al-Dawla sent Abu 'l-Fadl on an expedition against the Kurdish ruler Hasanwayh, who, however, died before he managed to deal with the latter. He was succeeded as vizier by his son Abu'l-Fath ibn al-'Amid, who shortly managed to deal with Hasanwayh.

During the same period, Rukn al-Dawla's fighting with his rivals began to work in his favor, and he was able to sign a less humiliating treaty with the Samanids in 971 or 972, though he continued to pay tribute.

Rebellion, family issues and death
In 974 Rukn al-Dawla sent 'Adud al-Dawla to suppress a large revolt against 'Izz al-Dawla, who had succeeded Mu'izz al-Dawla in Iraq in 967. 'Izz al-Dawla had also recognized Rukn al-Dawla as senior amir, but he and 'Adud al-Dawla had a dislike of each other. 'Adud al-Dawla successfully destroyed the rebellion, but ended up deposing his cousin as well and proclaimed himself the ruler of Iraq. Rukn al-Dawla, however, vehemently protested this, claiming that the line of Mu'izz al-Dawla could not be removed from power. 'Adud al-Dawla's offer to his father to pay tribute for his possession of Iraq was rejected, and he reluctantly reinstated 'Izz al-Dawla and returned to Fars.

'Adud al-Dawla began to grow concerned that his father would deny him the succession as senior amir. Although he had never been explicitly designated as successor, it was assumed that, as the eldest son, the position would be his upon Rukn al-Dawla's death. The fiasco in Iraq, however, cooled the relationship between the two. At this point, Abu'l-Fath attempted to reconcile them by arranging a meeting in Isfahan in January of 976.

The meeting proved to be a success, at least for 'Adud al-Dawla. Rukn al-Dawla may have been pressured to give in to his son's demands; in any case he agreed to name 'Adud al-Dawla as his successor to the senior amirate. All he asked for in exchange was that Ray would go to his second son, Fakhr al-Dawla, while Hamadan would go to a third son, Mu'ayyad al-Dawla. Both sons would recognize 'Adud al-Dawla as senior amir. The issue of Iraq was not discussed.

Death and legacy
Only a few months later, Rukn al-Dawla died. He was succeeded by his two younger sons in Ray and Hamadan, while 'Adud al-Dawla claimed the senior emirate. 'Izz al-Dawla, however, refused to recognize this, paving the way for conflict between the two sides.

Rukn al-Dawla's campaigns in central Iran were done almost entirely without the support of 'Imad al-Dawla. As a result of this, Rukn al-Dawla was in nearly all aspects independent of his brother. His coins bear only his name after that of the caliph's, and he was considered by contemporary sources to be an independent ruler. For the remainder of the Buyid presence in central Iran, the emirs there were either independent of the rest of the empire, or were the senior emirs that ruled the empire.

The failure of 'Imad al-Dawla to extend his authority over the Buyids of central Iran was later to present problems for the Buyid state, as the descendants of both brothers each considered themselves to be the best candidate for the senior emirate. This led to multiple independent rulers, destroying the unity of the Buyid state and allowing for internal dissent.

In terms of a capital, Isfahan at first served Rukn al-Dawla as his city of choice, and continued to be a favorite even after Ray was captured and the court was moved there. His successors would continue to use Ray as the capital. Like the other Buyids, Rukn al-Dawla was a Shi'ite. While he recognized the authority of the caliph on his coins and allowed the caliph's name to be said in the Friday prayers, in all other aspects he ruled as a Shi'ite. On the other hand, he was no fanatic; he recognized that the Sunni citizens of his empire must be protected in order to prevent internal discord.

title: Rukn al-Dawla


text:
Iftikhar Arif

Iftikhar Hussain Arif (born 21 March 1944), is an Urdu poet, scholar and littérateur from Pakistan. His style is romantic Urdu poetry. He has headed the Pakistan Academy of Letters and the National Language Authority. He has received the Hilal-e-Imtiaz, Sitara-e-Imtiaz and Presidential Pride of Performance awards, the highest literary awards given by the Government of Pakistan.

Early life and career
Arif attended the University of Lucknow, then studied journalism at New York University. He then migrated to Karachi, Pakistan, where he was a newscaster for Radio Pakistan. He then joined the Pakistan Television Corporation (Karachi Center) where he teamed up with Obaidullah Baig for the PTV program Kasauti.

He spent the next thirteen years in England, until 1990, working for Urdu Markaz there.

Achievements

Arif has published three poetry collections: Mehr-i-Doneem (1984), Harf-i-Baryab (1994) and Jahan-e-Maloom.

Oxford University Press has published an anthology of his translated poetry, Written in the Season of Fear, with an introduction by Harris Khalique, a poet who writes in English, Urdu and Punjabi.

Awards

 * Hilal-i-Imtiaz (Crescent of Excellence) Award by the President of Pakistan (2005)
 * Sitara-e-Imtiaz (Star of Excellence) Award by the President of Pakistan (1999)
 * Pride of Performance (literature) by the President of Pakistan (1990)
 * Faiz International Award for Poetry from the Aalami Urdu Conference

title: Iftikhar Arif


text:
Talk:Dykes (surname)

Hadrian's Dyke?
"Hadrian's Wall, also referred to in some texts as Hadrian's Dyke". Which texts? It would be nice to have a cite so that this snippet of information can go into the Hadrian's Wall article. I know about From Ritual to Romance but I am wondering if there are others. Telsa 08:00, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

I'll see if I can find the original references that I formed the majority of this article from. It seems that it may help boost both this article and give Hadrian's Wall a 'cultural influences' boost. That said, it wasn't From Ritual to Romance where I found the original use of the phrase. Dpd 02:24, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

The text and source below is probably what you are referring to. Also, the Dykes Family was amongst the first families in the US...Henry Dawkes(Dykes) is one of the "Ancient Planters" of Virginia.

Dykes / Dyke Surname Origins Sunday, 09 January 2005 In its time the Dykes surname has undergone many changes. From its origins as del Dykes in the North of England, to later changes between Dykes and Dyke in an individuals lifetime. The following history, while not tracing my own surname completely, highlights the complexity of the surname and its various brushes with fame.

The Dykes Family This family appears to have been at an early period located near the Great Roman Wall, or Dyke, which crossed the country from the mouth of the Tyne to the Solway Firth; and from this circumstance they were named Del Dykes, and their abode was called Dykesfield. They are said to have been seated here before the Norman Conquest. A branch of the family at an early period removed into Sussex, and another was settled in Kent.

The earliest portion of the line is lost in the mists of antiquity. A charter without date, but supposed to be of the time of Henry III or Edward II, notifies the fact that Robert Del Dykes conveyed some land which he possessed at Burgh, to one William del Monkys.

The first name on the unbroken genealogical roll is that of William del Dykes, who lived about the time of Edward I.

This family name descended through the six succeeding generations. William del Dykes, the sixth of the name, represented the county in Parliament, in the reign of Henry IV. He received the manor and lands at Wardhall (still in the family) from one Robert Whitehede. He married Elizabeth, daughter of William de Leigh, of Isel, who claimed her descent from Emma, sister to William the Conqueror, and Harlowen de Conteville, or de Burgo, who could trace his pedigree in the direct male line to Charles, Duke of Ingleheim, fifth son of Charlemagne.

He was succeeded by his son, William Dykes, of Wardhall, who married Christiana, daughter of Sir Richard Salkeld, of Corby.

Thomas Dykes, of Wardhall, his son, lived in the reign of Henry VII, and married Isabel, only child and heiress of John Pennington, Esq., of Muncaster Castle, son and heir of Sir John Pennington.

His son, Leonard Dykes, succeeded, and had by his wife, a daughter of John Layton, Esq., of Dalemayne, [presumably Dalemain] a son, Thomas, who succeeded him, and was escheator of Westmorland, in the time of Queen Elizabeth. His wife was Jane, daughter of Lancelot Lancaster, Esq., of Sockbridge, who was descended from Ivo de Tailbois, first baron of Kendal, and uncle of Geoffrey Plantagenet, father of Henry II.

Leonard Dykes married Elizabeth Ann, heiress of Thomas Radcliffe, Esq., of Mayland and Bishopton, in Durham, for which he was arraigned for treason, she being at the time a minor and a ward in Chancery. He received a pardon, under the great seal, which is still preserved among the family papers. He was sheriff of Cumberland, and held the office of treasurer to the king's forces for the county. He married a second time Margaret, daughter and co-heir of John Frecheville, of Staveley.

His son, Thomas, by the first wife, succeeded. He was a devoted Royalist. He married Joyce Frecheville, daughter and co-heir of John Frecheville. This lady was descended in a direct line from the Conqueror. His second wife was Jane, daughter of Ralph de la Vale, Esq.

Leonard Dykes succeeded his father, in the reign of Charles II, and married Grace, daughter of John Salkeld, of Threapland, who also traced her descent from the Conqueror. He was twice sheriff of the county, and rebuilt his mansion with an ornamental stone front, designed by Inigo Jones, architect of St. Paul's Cathedral, London.[This is wrong - St. Paul's was designed by Sir Christopher Wren].

Frecheville Dykes, his son and heir, married, in 1697, Jane, sister of Gilfrid Lawson, and was succeeded in the estates by his son, Leonard Dykes, who married, in 1728, Susannah, only surviving child of the Rev. Thomas Capstack, vicar of Newburn.

Their eldest son, Frecheville Dykes, of Wardhall, companion in arms of General Wolfe, married, in 1763, Mary, daughter of John Brougham, Esq., of Cockermouth, and also heiress of her brother, Peter Brougham, of Dovenby, who assumed the name and arms of Lamplugh. There was only one surviving child of this marriage, Mary, consequently her uncle, the younger brother of her father, inherited the estates. His wife, Jane, was the daughter and heiress of John Ballantine, Esq., of Crookdake Hall, and he took the name and arms of Ballantine, in addition to his own, by sign manual.

Their eldest son and successor, Joseph Dykes Ballantine, Esq., married his cousin, Mary, only surviving child of Frecheville Dykes, as before mentioned, and assumed again the name of Dykes by sign manual. The Trustees of L.F.B. Dykes, Esq., of Dovenby Hall, are now the representatives.

Source: Steve Bulman's Images of Cumbria - Famous Sons and Daughters most likely sourced from Bulmer's History & Directory Of Cumberland, 1901.

Dykes In The US?
I'd be interested in any other information on Henry Dawkes (Dykes) and other members of the Dykes family who travelled to the US, particularly during colonial time. I note that Dawkes/Dykes is cited in Ancient planter.

Origin of name
This is confused in the article (see queries), with two conflicting proposals, and another obvious possibility omitted. Dykesfield on the face of it would mean Dyke's Field. If so, the place is named after the name, not the other way about, and the original Dyke could have come from anywhere. The del Dykes theory is attractive, but needs evidence to support it – and the plural in this derivation needs explanation, as Hadrian only built the one wall. And what about Dick? Is this not at least an equally likely origin for the name? Some discussion of it is needed – particularly as Dicks, Dix and Dixon (Dick's-son) are not uncommon names (the s in this origin would be a much more easily explained possessive, and the y spelling and sound in Dykes could easily be like those in Smythe). A Dicks origin would not be incompatible with the use of del Dykes, which would have been a convenient false etymology for a family named Dicks because of the higher social standing of Norman-sounding de names compared with obvious Saxon ones (see Daniel Defoe for a later example of this).--Richard New Forest 08:25, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

 * References have now been added for the queries I raised (by User:Dpd). However, these are 19th century sources which hardly look academic (unless I am seriously misjudging, for example, the latest of them: The Gentleman's Magazine of 1867...).  Such sources are likely to have simply repeated the family folklore of the "gentlemen" for whom they were written – and even if any are academic, they predate a great deal of the science of etymology.  Either way they do not suffice.  What is needed is a proper modern etymological source – until we have that, the 19th century claims are weak to say the least.  On the other hand the "Dick's" theory is so obvious that it must be discussed, if only to show how it is wrong (if it is).  Any other theory must explain how such very similar names as "Dicks" and "Dykes" could have different origins.  --Richard New Forest (talk) 10:44, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

So the pre-Hadrain's Wall name would have been "Dicks"? Thomas7a1 (talk) 16:13, 11 October 2020 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Dykes (surname)


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Category:States of the United States

This category is for states of the United States. To locate categories in a particular state, click on that state, or use the text links below.

title: Category:States of the United States


text:
Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company

Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company, located in Manitowoc, Wisconsin, was a major shipbuilder for the Great Lakes. It was founded in 1902, with the purchase of the "Burger & Burger Shipyard," a predecessor to The Burger Boat Company, and made mainly steel ferries and ore haulers. During World War II, it built submarines, tank landing craft (LCTs), and self-propelled fuel barges called "YOs". Employment peaked during the military years at 7000. The shipyard closed in 1968, when Manitowoc Company bought Bay Shipbuilding Company and moved their shipbuilding operation to Sturgeon Bay.

Submarine building program
Shipyard President Charles C. West contacted the Bureau of Construction and Repair in 1939 to propose building destroyers at Manitowoc and transporting them through the Chicago River, Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, Illinois River, and Mississippi River in a floating drydock towed by the tugboat Minnesota. After evaluating the plan and surveying the shipyard, the Navy suggested building submarines instead. A contract for ten submarines was awarded on 9 September 1940. The Navy paid for lift machinery on Chicago's Western Avenue railroad bridge to clear a submarine. The 15-foot-draft submarines entered the floating drydock on the Illinois River to get through the 9-foot-deep Chain of Rocks Channel near the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers. Submarines left the drydock at New Orleans and reinstalled periscope shears, periscopes, and radar masts which had been removed to clear bridges over the river.

Manitowoc had never built a submarine before, but the first was completed 228 days before the contract delivery date. Contracts were awarded for additional submarines, and the last submarine was completed by the date scheduled for the 10th submarine of the original contract. Total production of 28 submarines was completed for $5,190,681 less than the contract price.

SS-361 through SS-364 were initially ordered as Balao-class, and were assigned hull numbers that fall in the middle of the range of numbers for the Balao class (SS-285 through SS-416 & SS-425–426). Thus, in some references they are listed with that class. However, they were completed by Manitowoc as Gatos, due to an unavoidable delay in Electric Boat's development of Balao-class drawings. Manitowoc was a follow yard to Electric Boat, and was dependent on them for designs and drawings.

List of fleet submarines built by Manitowoc
The following is a complete list of the submarines built by Manitowoc during WW II. Years listed reflect launch dates.

14 of 77 Gato-class submarine: 14 of 120 Balao-class submarine:
 * 1942 − USS Peto (SS-265) − sank 7 ships in 10 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1942 − USS Pogy (SS-266) − sank 16 ships in 10 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1942 − USS Pompon (SS-267) − sank 3 ships in 9 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1942 − USS Puffer (SS-268) − sank 8 ships in 9 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1942 − USS Rasher (SS-269) − sank 18 ships in 8 World War II Pacific patrols, 2nd highest tonnage sunk by a US submarine during the war
 * 1943 − USS Raton (SS-270) − sank 9 ships in 8 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Ray (SS-271) − sank 14 ships in 8 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Redfin (SS-272) − sank 5 ships in 7 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Robalo (SS-273) − 3 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Rock (SS-274) − sank 1 ship in 6 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Golet (SS-361) − 2 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Guavina (SS-362) − sank 5 ships in 6 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Guitarro (SS-363) − sank 6 ships in 5 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Hammerhead (SS-364) − sank 11 ships in 7 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1943 − USS Hardhead (SS-365) − sank 7 ships in 6 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Hawkbill (SS-366) − sank 6 ships in 5 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Icefish (SS-367) − sank 2 ships in 5 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Jallao (SS-368) − sank 2 ships in 4 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Kete (SS-369) − sank 3 ships in 2 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Kraken (SS-370) − 4 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Lagarto (SS-371) − sank 3 ships in 2 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Lamprey (SS-372) − 3 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Lizardfish (SS-373) − 2 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Loggerhead (SS-374) − 2 World War II Pacific patrols
 * 1944 − USS Macabi (SS-375) − 1 World War II Pacific patrol
 * 1944 − USS Mapiro (SS-376)
 * 1944 − USS Menhaden (SS-377)
 * 1945 − USS Mero (SS-378)

Landing Craft Tank LCT
Manitowoc Shipbuilding built 36 Landing Craft Tank. The model ID was from LCT(5) 1 to LCT(5) 36, LCT were not given ship names. Many were used for the Invasion of Normandy from 6 to 25 June 1944. Of the 36 LCTs built by Manitowoc, 9 sank in action. Landing Craft Tank has a: displacement of 285 tons, length of 114' 2", beam of 32' 8", draft of 3' 6", top speed of 10 kts., a range of 700 nautical miles, held 1 officer and 10 enlisted men, a cargo capacity of 150 short tons, armament of two single 20mm AA guns, and two .50 cal. machine guns. Propulsion was from three Grey Marine 6-71 Diesel engines, driving three propellers with 675 shp. Power was from one 20 kW Diesel engine.

World War 1
For World War 1 and post war support, Manitowoc Shipbuilding built cargo ships from 1917 to 1920. The ships were contracted under the United States Shipping Board and classed as Design 1044. The ships were: 2,124 to 2,711 DWT. Most of these ships were named after lakes. The SS Coquina renamed SS Cynthia Olson was sunk by Japanese submarine I-26 on December 7, 1941. Other notable ships: USS Tide (SP-953), SS Alabama, USS Surveyor (1917), USS Stratford (AP-41), SS Indigirka and SS City of Milwaukee. Post World War 1 Manitowoc built: scows, tugboats, barges, a ferry, three patrol boats for the U.S. Coast Guard and the Presidential yacht USS Potomac (AG-25) (1934).

Post World War 2
After World War 2 Manitowoc continued to build ships, barges and dredges, from 150 to 649 DWT, until the shipyard closed in 1972. In 1947 Manitowoc built a 900-ton floating drydock for Buffalo New York. Notable post war ships: MV Saginaw (1953) and SS Edward L. Ryerson (1960).

title: Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company


text:
Stephen John Sutton

Stephen John Sutton (born 1964) is an Australian man who was imprisoned in Argentina. He was arrested on 4 February 2003 after a joint operation by the Australian Federal Police and Argentine Police. He was charged with narcotics offences and was sentenced in 2005 to 11 years in jail for drug trafficking. He was released November 2008. He was featured in the 13 July 2011 episode of Locked Up Abroad (titled as Banged Up Abroad in the UK).

Sutton was last seen by his family in Sydney, Australia. At the time, he was living by himself and working in a Sydney factory. It is believed that he had met a Peruvian woman at his place of employment. He contacted his sister by mail, informed her that he had travelled to Peru with the woman, was living with the family and that the family was treating him well.

Sutton and his family members maintain his innocence, as he claims that he was asked to courier "a quantity of gold" from Peru to Argentina. He also claims that when arrested, he had no drugs in his possession. The Sutton family is campaigning for his early release and improved support from the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT), who they maintain have provided inadequate health care and legal advice to Sutton and insufficient information to the family. They have also criticised the Australian Government for not making attempts to have him returned to Australia, comparing his case to that of Schapelle Corby.

title: Stephen John Sutton


text:
User:Bdebbarma

Biography

 * Birthday : 12 February, 1984
 * Birthplace: Agartala City
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 * Major: Marketing management

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Other Wiki projects

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title: User:Bdebbarma


text: Category:Communications in Saudi Arabia

title: Category:Communications in Saudi Arabia


text:
Francisco Fadul

Francisco José Fadul (born 15 December 1953) is a Bissau-Guinean politician who was Prime Minister from 3 December 1998 to 19 February 2000. He led the United Social Democratic Party (PUSD), one of the country's main political parties, from 2002 to 2006.

Career
Fadul was appointed as Prime Minister, at the head of a national unity government, on 3 December 1998. He had previously been political adviser to General Ansumane Mané, who led the rebellion against President João Bernardo Vieira in the Guinea-Bissau Civil War; Fadul also represented Mane's junta on the Executive Joint Commission, which was established following the Abuja Peace Accord in November 1998. Shortly after he was named Prime Minister, Fadul, in an interview with the Portuguese newspaper Expresso, accused President Vieira of murder, beatings, defamation, and humiliating leading political figures, and he called for Vieira to be tried for these alleged crimes. He also described Vieira as a dictator, claimed that Vieira was one of the world's richest men and that Vieira's wealth nearly matched the sum of Guinea-Bissau's foreign debt, and said that Vieira was primarily responsible for the development of animosity in the country. Fadul furthermore called for the return from exile of Luís Cabral, who was deposed by Vieira in 1980. Fadul said on 23 December that the primary focus of his government would be to deal with problems related to the military and to independence war veterans.

Fadul and his unity government, including five ministers and three secretaries of state chosen by Vieira and four ministers and four secretaries of state chosen by Mané's junta, were sworn in on 20 February 1999 in the presence of Vieira and Mané. In April 1999, speaking at the first meeting of the National People's Assembly since the war, Fadul prioritized facilitating the return of refugees to their homes and said that elections would take place as planned in late 1999. He went on a tour of four European nations later in the month, seeking aid. He arrived first in Portugal on 19 April, and while there he characterized Vieira's secret police as being worse than the Portuguese secret police under Antonio de Oliveira Salazar. Vieira's spokesman, Cipriano Cassamá, condemned Fadul's remarks as "purposely offensive, aggressive language".

Following the election of Kumba Yala as president, Fadul was replaced as Prime Minister by Caetano Intchama in February 2000. Fadul subsequently accused Intchama of corruption, and in October 2000 Intchama announced that he planned to take legal action against Fadul due to these accusations.

He was elected as the President of the PUSD on 18 December 2002, at a party convention.

In May 2005, Fadul was initially barred from running for president in the 2005 presidential election by the Supreme Court, due to a technicality. According to the Court, two people who were indicated as signing Fadul's nomination papers had not confirmed signing them. A PUSD spokesman expressed the view that Fadul had actually been excluded because his father was Lebanese. The Court reversed itself and approved Fadul's candidacy shortly afterward, including him in its final list of candidates on 18 May. Running as the PUSD presidential candidate, he placed fourth with 2.85% of the vote in the election, held on 19 June 2005.

In 2006, Fadul requested that Namuano Dias, a member of PUDS who was serving in the government as Minister of Justice, resign from the government because he had been accused of corruption. Dias and Prime Minister Aristides Gomes rejected this, however, and Fadul responded by resigning from the PUSD leadership and leaving politics; he also left his position as personal advisor to President Vieira. He returned to politics in the next year, establishing a new party, the Party for Democracy, Development and Citizenship (PADEC), in May 2007. He also challenged the leadership of PUSD in court and maintained that he was the party's legitimate president. On 19 July 2007, he demanded the resignation or dismissal of the government of Prime Minister Martinho Ndafa Cabi, the actions of which he strongly criticized, as well as the dissolution of the National People's Assembly, to be followed by a new election in March 2008. The government was based on a pact agreed upon by three parties—the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC), the Party of Social Renewal (PRS), and the PUSD—and Fadul said that the pact was illegitimate because two of the parties (the PUSD and PRS) had disputed leaderships. He also said that the government had not presented its program for approval by the National People's Assembly.

Later, as President of the Tribunal of Accounts, Fadul said on 20 May 2008 that he planned to sue Prime Minister Cabi for libel and slander, saying that Cabi had falsely accused him of pocketing money. He also said that he wanted Cabi to explain his claim that being President of the Tribunal was incompatible with being the leader of a political party. Some have accused Fadul of taking advantage of his post as President of the Tribunal by attacking Cabi and his government, while he has said that he is merely controlling state accounts and complained that some ministries were ignoring the Tribunal's injunctions.

After Fadul criticized the military and Prime Minister Carlos Gomes Junior at a press conference on 30 March 2009, he stated on 1 April 2009 that members of the security forces had come to his home during the night and beaten him up. According to Fadul, "they hurled abuse at me and beat me repeatedly and dragged me across the floor", and "they told me I talk too much and about things that are none of my business." Raddho, a human rights group, expressed concern, saying that the attack on Fadul, together with a similar attack on the lawyer Pedro Infanda, signified a "reign of terror".

Following the assassination of President Vieira, Fadul filed to run as the PADEC candidate in the June 2009 presidential election. On 14 May 2009, however, the Supreme Court announced that his candidacy had been rejected, along with seven others. Fadul's candidacy was rejected on the grounds that he was still President of the Tribunal of Accounts and a member of the Bar, which the Supreme Court judged to be legally incompatible with his presidential candidacy.

title: Francisco Fadul