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Bandaranaike International Airport

Bandaranaike International Airport (BIA) (Sinhala: බණ්ඩාරනායක ජාත්‍යන්තර ගුවන්තොටුපළ, romanized : Bandāranāyaka Jātyantara Guvantoṭupaḷa; Tamil: பண்டாரநாயக்க சர்வதேச விமான நிலையம், romanized: Paṇṭāranāyakka Carvatēca Vimāṉa Nilaiyam) (commonly known as Colombo International Airport, Colombo–Bandaranaike International Airport, and locally as Katunayake International Airport) (IATA: CMB, ICAO: VCBI) is the main international airport serving Sri Lanka. It is named after former Prime Minister S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike (1899–1959) and is in the suburb of Negombo, 32.5 kilometres (20+1⁄4 miles) north of the nation's capital and commercial center, Colombo.

It is administered by Airport and Aviation Services (Sri Lanka) Ltd and serves as the hub of SriLankan Airlines, the national carrier of Sri Lanka, Fitsair, a privately owned low-cost carrier, and domestic carrier Cinnamon Air.

The other airport serving the city of Colombo is Ratmalana International Airport.

History
The airport began as a Royal Air Force airfield in 1944 during the Second World War, RAF Negombo with No. 45 Squadron RAF (1946–49), No. 232 Squadron RAF (1945), No. 249 Squadron RAF (1950) and No. 1303 Flight RAF (1945–46). In 1957, Prime Minister S. W. R. D. Bandaranaike removed all the British Military airfields from Ceylon (Sri Lanka), and the airfield was handed over to the Royal Ceylon Air Force (RCAF) and renamed Katunayake; part of it still remains a military airfield. In 1964 Anil Moonesinghe, the Minister of Communications, started the building of a new international airport to replace Ratmalana, with Canadian aid. The airport was completed in 1967, and Air Ceylon, the national carrier, began international operations from it using a Hawker Siddeley Trident and a Vickers VC-10 leased from British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC). It was named after former Prime Minister SWRD Bandaranaike, in 1970. It was renamed Katunayake International Airport in 1977, but reverted to Bandaranaike International Airport in 1995.

On 7 November 1971, the first Boeing 747 landed at the airport. The Boeing 747-200B was operated by Condor carrying German tourists from Frankfurt. In the early 1990s the position of the airport's runway (04/22) was shifted northward and the old runway was made into a taxiway for departing and arriving aircraft. Airport expansion projects have recently been undertaken at the airport under the Stage 1, Phase II Expansion Project. A pier with eight aero-bridges opened in November 2005. A new terminal with an additional eight gates are proposed to be built under Stage II of the Phase II Expansion Project. Construction of the new Stage II, Phase II Expansion Project is expected to commence in April 2017 and is expected to be completed by 2020.

On 7 May 2007, the Sri Lankan Government shifted military aviation operations out of the space adjoining the airport to SLAF Hingurakgoda, thus paving the way for the expansion of civilian operations. As part of the airport development program, a passenger-train service was launched between the Airport and Colombo Secretariat Station, in June 2010. The airport is used by Emirates as an alternative emergency airport for its Airbus A380 aircraft. On 9 January 2012, an Airbus A380-800 operated by Emirates landed at Bandaranaike International Airport. This was the first time an Airbus A380 had landed in a Sri Lankan airport.

SriLankan Airlines is the largest airline operating at the airport, with a fleet of 27 Airbus aircraft.

Terminals
Bandaranaike International Airport (airport code CMB ) at Katunayake, Sri Lanka, is 32.5 kilometers north of the national capital, Colombo. 37 airlines currently serve the airport's over 10.79 million annual passengers. The airport has three passenger terminals. Terminal 1 is the current international terminal, built in 1967. Terminal 2 is the new international terminal, which is expected to be completed in 2025. Terminal 3 is the new domestic terminal, which opened in November 2012.

 * Terminal 1 opened in 1967 and is the oldest and largest terminal in the airport. It has 12 gates. The arrival and departure areas are separated horizontally. All international flights currently use this terminal, until Terminal 2 opens in 2025. The terminal consists of a main terminal building directly connected to one concourse which houses all the gates. Once past security, passengers proceed through the long, arm-shaped concourse housing gates 6–14. On the upper level of this concourse, there are two lounges. In the main body of the terminal is SriLankan Airlines' "Serendib Lounge", and the Palm Spirit lounge. This area has duty-free shops, a tea shop, a cafeteria, a smoking lounge, and day-rooms and showers.
 * Terminal 2 broke ground in April 2017 and is planned to open in 2025. It is planned to have 8 gates and 14 passenger boarding bridges, with arrival and departure areas separated vertically. An additional gate comprising two passenger boarding bridges will be designed for the Airbus A380.
 * Terminal 3 opened in November 2012 and handles all domestic flights. Its arrival and departure areas are separated horizontally.
 * The Cargo Terminal opened in October 2009 and handles all cargo flights. Its arrival and departure areas are separated horizontally.

Aprons

 * Apron Alpha: It is the oldest existing apron at the airport. It has 9 parking bays including 5 remote parking bays and 4 boarding bridge equipped bays. It can handle 4 Boeing 747 aircraft and 5 Airbus A330-200 aircraft at once.
 * Apron Bravo: It has 8 parking bays, including 4 remote parking bays and 4 boarding bridge-equipped bays. It can simultaneously handle 8 wide-body aircraft. The 4 remote bays will be converted into 4 Airbus A380-capable boarding bridges under the Stage II development project.
 * Apron Charlie: It has 8 parking bays, all of them are remote bays. It can simultaneously handle 8 wide-body aircraft. The remote bays will be converted into 8 Airbus A380-capable boarding bridges under the Stage II development project. It is the only apron currently capable of handling the Airbus A380-800. It has been used by Emirates Airbus A380s thrice.
 * Apron Delta: It has 4 parking bays capable of handling narrow-body aircraft.
 * Apron Echo: Newest apron of the airport, has 17 parking bays. Opened on 25 November 2021.

Runway
The Bandaranaike International Airport has a single runway (04/22), with an asphalt surface. The take-off and landing distances are 3,441 m and 3,350 m respectively. In addition, Phase II of the BIA expansion project is to have a second runway, also able to accommodate the A380, with another taxiway to the second runway. Aircraft such as the Boeing 777, A350-1000, and 747 are the largest aircraft that the runway can currently accommodate. Moreover, there have been instances where even larger aircraft have landed at the airport but had to use excessive braking to stop. This has resulted in the aircraft's brakes overheating due to the excessive braking.

Lounges
Bandaranaike International Airport has a total of 6 lounges. There are four paid lounges: the Executive Lounge, Silk Route Arrival and Departure Lounges, and Gold Route Arrival and Departure Lounges. Passengers transiting via CMB can pay around $21 USD per person for a 3 to 6 hour stay. For more information, passengers can refer to the airport website. Additionally, there are two "Privilege Lounges," namely the Lotus Lounge and Araliya Lounge. Sri Lankan Airlines also operates its own Serendib Lounge, which passengers traveling in business class can access for free. Lounges provide complimentary food and drink services as a way to relax.

Parking
The airport has a total of three open air parking areas. The remote car park is located about 300m away from the terminal and it can accommodate Cars, Vans, Double Cabs and Jeeps.

Phase II of the Airport expansion project aims to build a 5 storey car park to accommodate increasing passenger traffic.

Available frequencies
The airport has a total of four available frequencies that pilots can use to communicate with Air Traffic Control (ATC). The first one is the Bandaranaike International Airport Approach at 132.4 MHz, and the other is Bandaranaike International Airport Tower at 118.7 MHz. Ground communication is at 121.9 MHz, while ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) is at 127.2 MHz.

Expansion projects
The airport underwent resurfacing of its runway, and to celebrate, Emirates launched an one-off A380 flight operated as EK654 from Dubai, replacing the B777 aircraft usually deployed by Emirates on flights to Sri Lanka.

Future projects include a second runway to support the Airbus A380, a further eight passenger gates, a domestic terminal, a five-storey car-park, and a five-star hotel neighbouring the airport. Construction of new approach channels to the airport began in April 2017.

A new split-level passenger terminal building, which separates arrivals and departures vertically, a new pier with eight boarding gates, and fourteen passenger boarding bridges, with a dedicated gate comprising two passenger boarding bridges for the new Airbus A380, will be included in the proposed new complex. There would also be a remote apron and an additional nine parking stands to ease air traffic movement. There would be a tax-free apparel shopping mall at the Katunayake BOI Zone to attract more business visitors to Sri Lanka. The mall is to be adjacent to the arrival terminal and connected by a sky bridge.

The second stage will involve the acquisition of 600 ha of public land, the construction of a runway capable of accommodating new-generation airplanes, an aircraft repair and maintenance center, an arrival and a departure terminal, a shopping arcade, a cargo complex connected to the airport by rail and a multi-storey car park. Under the Development Project Phase II, Stage 2, a second passenger terminal and a required utility for a second terminal will be constructed. The terminal, aircraft parking apron, and public utilities will also be expanded. The existing airport terminal will be converted to a domestic and regional terminal, when the new complex is ready. A two-tier passenger terminal with arrivals and departures physically separated as found in most modern airports will also be constructed. A rapid exit to the Colombo – Katunayake Highway will be provided directly from the terminal.

The construction work of Package B –"Remote Apron and Taxiways" commenced in April 2017.

Project phases and construction
The second phase of the expansion project is being carried out with Japanese assistance and is expected to be completed by 2025.
 * November 2007 to August 2014 – Development stage of Phase II.
 * The new design, submitted in July 2014, provided a green terminal, utilizing the sun with more eco-friendly concepts incorporated.
 * On 7 Sep 2014, the Japanese premier launched stage 2 of the second phase of the BIA development project on his arrival at the airport, which is being funded by the Japanese government.
 * 2017-2025, the construction for the new terminal commenced in April 2017 and will be completed in 2025.
 * The Construction of Phase II was re-launched on 18 November 2020.
 * The construction of the second terminal of Katunayake Airport, which started in 2020 was stopped in 2022. The main reason for this was the economic recession in the country by March 2022.

Summary of Phase II
The second phase of the expansion project at Katunayake Airport is underway with Japanese assistance and was initially projected for completion by 2025. However, due to current delays, there is a possibility of extended timelines, potentially leading to completion by late 2026 to 2027. Shown below is a summary of Phase II

Annual Passenger Traffic from CMB Airport (2012-Present)
From 2012 to 2023, there was a general trend of gradual increase in passenger traffic at CMB Airport. Both departures and arrivals showed steady growth over this period, with some occasional fluctuations. In 2012, there were 3,590,122 departures and 3,554,969 arrivals, totaling 7,145,091 passengers. Over the years, CMB experienced its highest amount of passenger traffic in 2018, with 5,389,082 departures and 5,409,587 arrivals, totaling an impressive 10,798,669 passengers. However, passenger numbers fluctuated. Due to the 2019 Easter bombings, passenger traffic began to slow down. During the COVID-19 pandemic, passenger traffic dwindled, reaching an all-time low of 1,231,939 departures and 792,002 arrivals in 2020, totaling 2,023,941 passengers, which was significantly lower compared to other years.

However, after the pandemic, passenger traffic at CMB has been recovering gradually, with a total increase of 267.5% compared to 2021. Furthermore, it is expected that CMB will recover to 10 million passengers annually in 2024.

Annual Aircraft Movements from CMB Airport (2012-Present)
Beginning in 2012 with 46,616 scheduled and 2,118 non-scheduled flights, the numbers consistently increased until 2019, with fluctuations during the subsequent years due to the Easter bombings, COVID-19, and the prevailing economic situation in the country. Despite this, substantial recovery was observed in 2022 and 2023. It is expected to recover to 2018 numbers by 2024 and 2025, respectively.

Annual cargo statistics for CMB Airport (2012-Present)
From 2012 to 2023, there was fluctuating trends in cargo movements, with notable increases and decreases over the years. For instance, there were steady increases in cargo volume from 2012 to 2018, followed by a significant decrease in 2021 to 2023, This was due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Cargo volumes are expected to recover by 2024 to 2025.

Busiest international routes from CMB
Bandaranaike International Airport connects to 51 airports across 28 countries. The airport operates an average of around 550 scheduled international flights weekly. The routes between Colombo (CMB) and Dubai (DXB), Male (MLE), and Chennai (MAA) are the busiest, with an average of 53 flights operating between these destinations per week.

Busiest domestic routes from CMB
Bandaranaike International Airport also serves as a hub for connecting various domestic destinations. Currently, Cinnamon Air operates several flights per week to domestic destinations, with the most popular ones being Batticoloa, Trincomalee, Sigiriya, and Hambanthota.

Bus
A coach service operates every 15 minutes from the terminal to Colombo via Colombo – Katunayake Expressway, with a travel time of around 30 minutes.

Coach services are sometimes operated using Mitsubishi Fusa Rosa buses which can carry around 20 people. These busses are small with average legroom.

Passengers can also get buses to and from the airport to other cities such as Galle, Kadawatha, Matara, and Nugegoda. These coach services are usually operated by third parties and not the airport authorities.

Car
Colombo – Katunayake Expressway is a high-speed road linking the airport to the city of Colombo with a travel time of around 20 minutes, and just a few minutes to the city of Negombo. The airport taxi service operates a counter in the arrival Lobby with a fleet over 600 vehicles. This road is linked to coastal cities like and Galle and Matara by Southern Highway with a travel time of 2-2.15 hours to Matara.

In addition to traditional taxi services, travelers can easily access convenient ride-sharing services such as Uber and PickMe. These platforms offer a reliable means of travel, allowing passengers to easily reach their destinations at an affordable price. Furthermore, the introduction of ride-sharing services has proven to be a better alternative compared to the traditional taxi services typically available at the airport.

Uber and PickMe also have dedicated pick-up points at CMB, making it easier for travelers to get picked up by drivers and reduce delays in pick-up times.

Rail
During the early 2000s and late 2010s, Airport and Aviation Services (AASL) chartered DMU units from Sri Lanka Railways, which were used to operate an Airport Express train from Colombo Fort Railway Station to Katunayake Railway Station. The train is a Japanese-built Class S5 DMU Unit, constructed between 1969 and 1970. Initially, the train was chartered to pick up passengers from Katunayake; however, as of April 2024, it is no longer in operation. Nevertheless, according to some sources, there are plans to restart the express train with more modern DMUs such as the Class S13 and Class S14. However, it remains largely speculative at this point.

A high-speed rail system is proposed to connect the city of Negombo to the city of Colombo via BIA airport by an electrified high-speed rail link to Colombo Fort, where it will connect to the proposed Colombo Light Rail. Currently, the Puttalam - Colombo Fort rail is active, using several diesel-engine-powered trains. Passengers can access commuter rail from Katunayake Railway Station and continue their journey up to Colombo Fort. From there, various intercity trains are available to Badulla, Batticaloa, Galle, Jaffna, Kandy, Matara, and Trincomalee.

However, it is important to note that Katunayake Railway Station is a low-frequency station, with trains rarely stopping there except for slow trains, commuter trains, or tanker trains used to haul jet fuel from Colombo to the airport. In terms of price comparison, rail is the cheapest option but often the slowest form of transportation out of the airport. Travelers usually opt for bus or car transportation as it is faster, albeit more expensive.

Sea
Cinnamon Air operates scheduled seaplane flights from Seeduwa Dadugam Oya near the airport using Cessna 208 aircraft.

They also operate various charter flights to Ratmalana International Airport and other airports around the country.

SLAF Katunayake
In 1956, with the departure of the RAF from RAF Negombo, the Royal Ceylon Air Force took over and renamed the station RCAF Katunayake. With the construction of the Bandaranaike International Airport, a major portion of the air base was taken over. However the Sri Lanka Air Force remained and expanded its air base adjoining the International Airport. Currently it is the largest SLAF station in the country and several flying squadrons as well as ground units are based there. The Air Force Hospital is also based at SLAF Katunayake.

In March 2001, on the 50th anniversary of the Sri Lanka Air Force, the airfield was presented with the President's Colours.

SLAF Base Katunayake offers a wide range of recreational and sports facilities for its personnel, including a fully equipped gymnasium, a sports arena, a swimming pool, and a cinema. Additionally, the Base provides accommodation to several hundred families of Air Force personnel through its married quarters complex. It serves as the main administrative element of the Southern Air Command of the Sri Lanka Air Force.

The following are the formations which are based at SLAF Katunayake.

Formations based at SLAF Katunayake

 * No. 2 Heavy Transport Squadron
 * No. 5 Fighter Squadron
 * No. 10 Fighter Squadron
 * No. 26 Regiment Wing
 * No. 43 Colour Wing
 * No. 48 Air Dog Unit
 * Aircraft Engineering Wing
 * General Engineering Wing
 * Mechanical Transport Repair and Overhaul Wing
 * Electronics and Telecommunication Wing
 * Civil Engineering Wing
 * Mechanical & Electrical Engineering Wing
 * Radar Maintenance Wing
 * Aircraft Overhaul Wing
 * No. 1 Air Defence Radar Squadron
 * No. 1 Supply and Maintenance Depot
 * Aircraft Spares Depot
 * Air Force Hospital
 * Air Force Dental Hospital
 * Equipment Provisioning and Accounting Unit
 * Air Force Band
 * No. 3 Leisure and Recreation Wing
 * Research and Development Wing
 * Fire School and Fire Tender Maintenance Squadron
 * Armament Repair and Overhaul Wing
 * Construction Machinery Wing

1970s

 * On 4 December 1974, Martinair Flight 138, a Douglas DC-8 operating by Garuda Indonesia flew into the side of a mountain while on landing approach to Bandaranaike. The pilots had mistakenly believed that a power station near a mountainous area was the airport. All 191 passengers and crew on board were killed.
 * On 15 November 1978, Icelandic Airlines Flight 001, a Douglas DC-8 operating by Garuda Indonesian Airways on a charter hajj flight, crashed into a coconut plantation while on approach to Katunayake, Sri Lanka for a refueling stop. 183 out of 262 people on board were killed.

1980s

 * 3 May 1986 – Air Lanka Flight 512. In an operation carried out by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE or Tamil Tigers), a bomb in an Air Lanka (now SriLankan Airlines) Lockheed L-1011 TriStar 100 exploded while passengers were boarding for a short-hop flight to Malé, in the Maldives. 14 passengers were killed, and the aircraft was written off.

2000s

 * 24 March 2000 – An Antonov 12BK operated by cargo carrier Sky Cabs crashed due to lack of fuel. It crashed into two houses killing four people on the ground and six of the eight crew on board.
 * 24 July 2001 – Bandaranaike Airport attack. 14 members of the LTTE Black Tiger suicide squad infiltrated Katunayake air base and destroyed eight military aircraft on the tarmac. Moving to the civilian airport, they destroyed two Airbus aircraft and damaged three others. Seven government personnel were killed.
 * 4 February 2004 – An Ilyushin 18D cargo plane operated by Phoenix Aviation and chartered by the Sri Lankan cargo company Expo Aviation was landing in Colombo on a flight from Dubai. The copilot incorrectly set the altimeter and the landing gear contacted the surface of the sea, 10.7 km short of the runway. A belly landing was performed 50 m to the right of the runway.
 * 8 September 2005 – While a Saudia Boeing 747 taxied for takeoff on an international flight from Colombo to Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, air traffic controllers received an anonymous telephone call concerning a possible bomb on the aircraft. The crew was informed about this call and elected to perform an emergency evacuation. As a result of the evacuation, there were 62 injuries among the 420 passengers and 22 crew members. One of the passengers died as a result of injuries received during the evacuation, and 17 passengers were hospitalized. No explosive device was found during a search of the aircraft.
 * 25 March 2007 – At 00:45 the Tamil Tigers bombed the Sri Lanka Air Force base adjoining the international airport. Three Air Force personnel were killed and 16 injured when light aircraft dropped two bombs, although no aircraft were damaged. Passengers already on aircraft were disembarked and led to a shelter, while others trying to reach the airport were turned away and approach roads closed. The airport was temporarily shut down following the incident, but normal flights resumed at 03:30.

title: Bandaranaike International Airport


text:
Talk:St. Jimmy

Refactoring discussion
An anonymous poster asked: ''I'm a lil disturbed about the article... what the hell makes you so sure that Saint Jimmy is the Alter Ego of Jesus?''

Someone else (also anonymous replied: I'm not a big Green Day fan and don't own this CD but after some research I would say it is a commonly accepted fact that S. Jimmy = Jesus of Suburbia but if you want to add a note saying the exact identity of St. Jimmy is unclear and disputed feel free. Metamagician3000 13:14, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

In the Jesus of Suburbia MTV, "Tales of Another Broken Home" JOS cut his hand with a razor and wrote down "St. Jimmy" in the Bathroom stall.

Billie Joe & St.Jimmy/J.O.S.
have you ever noticed when Billie Joe Armstrong talks about eather of these characters it seems very personal, i don't know im wondering if eather of these characters (not saying their two people not saying their ore)are based on billie joe mike and tre or on someone they knew in the pasti've been wondering for while. if you listen to the song hashinka off of nimrod it kinda has some simalarties to Whatsername on American Idiot.

he explains this in bullet in a bible co'mmentary for a song--Greenday21 (talk) 22:14, 29 March 2008 (UTC)Greenday21

2nd Paragraph
Annonamous user with the IP 67.66.219.252 wrote a uncited, un-grammar checked, and in general badly written second spoiler paragraph. It claimed the band (Green Day) had said that St. Jimmy is in fact not JOS' alter ego. I deleted it, because it was not encyclopedic at all, and mostly because it had no citation. Also, Green Day rarely talks about the story aspect of American Idiot, leaving all interpretation up to the listeners, and them explaining how they feel about the story seemed uncharacteristic. So, because of this and the fact that it had no citation, I just deleted it. If 67.66.219.252 would like to re-write it and put it back with citation, they are welcome to. --Trogdor077 22:03, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

James Dean
Where the hell are the sources for this? ive never heard anything like this anywhere... itss not even mentioned in any of the other american idiot albums... TommyStardust 15:22, 16 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I have no idea where this comes from. I've removed it from the page for now, but will paste it below in case we can get some sources. Ajcham 14:37, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

James Dean interpretation
There are rumors that this song and the character of "St. Jimmy" in general represent 50's star James Dean. Believers point out the following correlations:
 * St. Jimmy shares the same first name as Dean
 * Boulevard Of Broken Dreams is a well-known print by Gottfried Helnwein depicting 1950s icons Marilyn Monroe, Humphrey Bogart, Elvis Presley and Dean in an all-night diner. (The print is based on the 1942 painting Nighthawks by Edward Hopper.)
 * The lyrics of St. Jimmy describe teenage angst and rebellion against conservative social norms, similar to the contemporary persona of Dean.
 * And I'm here to represent / That needle in the vein of the establishment
 * A teenage assassin executing some fun
 * I'm the patron saint of the denial / With an angel face and a taste for suicidal

RFC
Since last few days, many reverts have occurred thus I wanted community's input. This song was not released nor did chart anywhere thus failing WP:NSONG. However, there is a lot of info which can possibly be added though it still fails NSONG. So, please do comment with relevant rationals either in support of oppose of inclusion. The details regarding info is here:. Thanks! — TheSpecialUser  ( TSU ) 15:48, 16 July 2012 (UTC) vered by other artists", "other people have found this to be notable", etc.), but you can't fix these problems. --IllaZilla (talk) 19:37, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Redirect Clear breach of WP:EW by .  No need even for this rfc, just report him.Curb Chain (talk) 22:39, 16 July 2012 (UTC)
 * This is bullshit. I agree that we don't need an RfC, but for a different reason. Just frigging take this to AfD and don't pretend I'm the bad guy - I did everything I could to not edit war. The real dickish move is pretending you're going to nominate it for deletion and then redirect, just to piss me off. ~ EDDY  ( talk / contribs ) ~ 23:08, 16 July 2012 (UTC)
 * "I did everything I could to not edit war." — That's the bullshit right there. You could have taken it to discussion yourself after the first revert, instead of continually restoring the article without discussion and without addressing any of the reasons it was redirected 2½ years ago. Instead you chose to edit-war, reverting 5 times in 2 weeks, and then had the gall to report TheSpecialUser & I to AN for the exact same behavior you were doing. Pot, kettle, black. --IllaZilla (talk) 00:15, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Shut the fuck up. First I communicated through edit messages for the first couple reverts, then went to your talk page to discus an AfD, amicably. For a while it looks like you had abandoned the idea of redirecting, but then you went back at it without listening to me. The reasons it was redirected in the first place have been addressed, since it is much better sourced and passes WP:N. ~ EDDY  ( talk / contribs ) ~ 00:58, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Watch your tone, buddy. Two can play the report-the-guy-I-don't-like-to-AN game. I gave perfectly valid reasons on my talk page as to why the song doesn't pass WP:NSONGS, but you flippantly dismissed them. The reasons it was redirected haven't been addressed: The song wasn't released as a single, didn't chart, and hasn't received significant secondary source coverage apart from reviews of the album as a whole. Those are problems you can't fix. The song's place in the concept album, and the critical opinions of it, are already covered in whole at American Idiot. Given all that, there isn't enough to warrant a stand-alone article on the song. And for a song that's 8 years old, that situation's unlikely to change. --IllaZilla (talk) 01:16, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Lets see. NSONGS says: "Songs that have been ranked on national or significant music charts, that have won significant awards or honors or that have been independently released as a recording by several notable artists, bands or groups are probably notable." This song did chart (as the B-side to Jesus of Suburbia) and was covered by the Vitamin String Quartet and Italian band Finley. Thus it clearly passes NSONGS, but that is only a guideline. The real policy is WP:N, which states that if multiple reliable sources have covered something, it is presumed notable. PASS. What I still can't comprehend is why, if you feel so strongly about this being non-notable, why not just go for an AfD? ~ EDDY  ( talk / contribs ) ~ 02:11, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * No, it didn't chart. "Jesus of Suburbia" did. Notice that "St. Jimmy" is not listed at Green Day discography nor any other list of Green Day's charting songs including Allmusic or Billboard. Songs appended as b-sides to a single don't automatically chart along with the main song. That you imagine that to be the case demonstrates a fundamental misunderstanding of how music charts work. The version of "St. Jimmy" on the "Jesus of Suburbia" single isn't even the album version, it's a live recording.
 * Being covered by other artists does not in and of itself constitute notability.
 * The only significant source coverage for this song is given in the context of the album as a whole, hence the song is covered within the album article. Mentions of the song within reviews of the whole album aren't sufficient to support a separate article on the song. Since "St. Jimmy" was never released as a single, and didn't chart, it isn't surprising that there are no sources whose coverage is devoted to "St. Jimmy" specifically; they all discuss it within a larger review of the whole album. By your logic, any song given specific mention in any album review would be eligible for its own article, which clearly isn't what NSONGS or N support.
 * I don't have to take it to AfD. You're the only one arguing to keep it as a stand-alone article, so you've got to show that it passes NSONGS, which you haven't done. Your arguments keep getting thinner and thinner while multiple other editors stand in opposition. An AfD isn't required.
 * In conclusion, FAIL. --IllaZilla (talk) 05:25, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * First of all, the NSONGS guideline that you seem to worship, even though it's just a guideline, clearly states that if a song has been independently released by multiple notable artists, it is presumed to be notable. You can't escape that St. Jimmy passes that. Second, from what I understand music charts track sales and radio airplay, therefore it usually lists the a-side as charting, even though, by default, the b-side is part of the single and is included. Plenty of b-sides have articles, and the guidelines do not really clarify if they are notable. Simply denying my points is the best example of calling the kettle black.
 * Oh and by the way, plenty of other people have found this to be notable, not just me. Look back in the article history for proof. I could tell them about this discussion, but I would probably be blocked for canvassing. so instead, I shall tell people at the NSONGS talk page about this discussion to clarify the guideline. ~ EDDY  ( talk / contribs ) ~ 15:47, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * For lack of a softer way of saying it, you are completely incorrect about B-sides charting along with the main song. A single is a format of release: Songs chart, not singles. A song doesn't have to be released as a single in order to chart, for example. When a song is released as a single to promote an album (as "Jesus of Suburbia" was), there may be many different versions of the single with many different B-sides. The B-sides do not inherit the chart position of the main song. In other words, "St. Jimmy" and "Are We the Waiting" never charted. Feel free to ask any expert on music charts you wish, you'll get the same answer.
 * The fact that other artists have covered the song does not in and of itself equate to notability, particularly if there are few to no secondary sources discussing the significance of the covers. If all you can say is that the song was covered, you're not passing WP:N.
 * The most important factor, of course, is the secondary source coverage. "St. Jimmy" has not received significant secondary source coverage apart from coverage of the album as a whole. Its role in the album's narrative, and the critical opinions of the song, are already covered at the album article. Therefore there isn't enough significant source coverage devoted to this song to justify a stand-alone article, nor do we need one since the song is already well-covered within the album article.
 * You can keep thinning your arguments all you want ("It was co
 * You can continue to say my arguments are thin but you can't deny them. I can give you reliable sources for the covers, see this and this. Keep telling me these covers don't presume notability even though the guideline specifically says so. ~ EDDY  ( talk / contribs ) ~ 20:07, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Vitamin String Quartet is an artist that solely covers music so being covered by them wouldn't make a song notable. And the italian band Finley, did their cover occur on any of their products?Curb Chain (talk) 23:29, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * And this doesn't even mention the song. Give us something to prove notability instead of slinging personal attacks.Curb Chain (talk) 23:38, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * That's weird. It probably is on some versions of the album and not others, see http://itunes.apple.com/ie/album/tutto-e-possibile/id204308843
 * Not notable.Curb Chain (talk) 08:49, 18 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Redirect - I can still give my views. There is no need of RFC that is obvious but I and IllaZilla were reported for EW while it was editorofthewiki who himself was doing it. I tried not to report him but when he reported us, I was little shocked and instead of making long comments, I felt that it'd be best to sort out things here. This article clearly fails WP:NSONG as it was never released nor did ever chart. The content included in the article itself is not enough notable to be here. I'll ask a full-protection of this redirect if the outcome is redirect. — TheSpecialUser  ( TSU ) 01:14, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Redirect, per the reasons's I've given above and on my talk page. --IllaZilla (talk) 01:18, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Merge some of the content appears to be reasonably sourced. That content should be preserved on the main article if it is to be merged. I do not currently see that content - as such, if the content does not fit into the main article, a sub article on the song would be appropriate. Hipocrite (talk) 13:25, 25 July 2012 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:St. Jimmy


text:
Talk:K. C. Pillai

POV check
On Accuracy dispute, it says that a page may be nominated to be checked for accuracy if it was created or edited by someone known to write inaccurately on the subject. This article was created by 68.191.137.163, who can be clearly seen to edit with little regard for NPOV on The Way International or on subjects related to it, as I presume this "Bishop K.C. Pillai" is. -- Antaeus Feldspar 18:55, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Hey Antaeus, yeah this guy is "close" to TWI hearts. And this page is a copyvio from http://www.cortright.org/key6.htm < Will change text now to not be copyvio for now. Lsjzl 12:40, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Gyikes! Good catch, Lsjzl! -- Antaeus Feldspar 19:18, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

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title: Talk:K. C. Pillai


text: File:Male price o velikoj ljubavi (cover).jpg


text:
Zuniceratops

Zuniceratops ('Zuni-horned face') is a genus of ceratopsian dinosaurs that lived during the Turonian stage of the Late Cretaceous in what is now New Mexico, United States. Only a single species is known, Zuniceratops christopheri.

History of discovery
Zuniceratops was discovered in 1996, by eight-year-old Christopher James Wolfe, son of paleontologist Douglas G. Wolfe, in the Moreno Hill Formation in west-central New Mexico where one skull and the bones from several individuals have been found. This discovery of Zuniceratops bonebed has been suggested as one of the evidence for the claim that grouping behavior could be a synapomorphic trait for ceratopsians. In 2001, a bone believed to be a squamosal has since been found to be an ischium of a Nothronychus.

The holotype specimen, MSM P2101, is either a juvenile or a subadult, while other specimens like MSM P2101 and MSM P3812 belong to adults. The skull is long and low with no nasal horn, but bears a well-developed pair of brow horns that are similar to those of chasmosaurs and primitive centrosaurs, showing that brow horns are plesiomorphic traits.

Description
Zuniceratops was a relatively small ceratopsian, measuring about 2.2 m long and weighing around 175 kg. The basal skull length is estimated up to 40 cm. The partial proximal parietal is shown to have an inverted "T" shape, as in Protoceratops. Although the first specimen discovered had single-rooted teeth (unusual for ceratopsians), larger fossils had double-rooted teeth, showing that the teeth became double-rooted with age and that it is a plesiomorphic trait.

Classification
Zuniceratops is an example of the evolutionary transition between early ceratopsians and the later, larger ceratopsids that had very large horns and frills, supporting the theory that the lineage of ceratopsian dinosaurs may have been North American in origin. Re-examinations of Turanoceratops and Zuniceratops, which are known as two critical ceratopsian taxa regarding the evolutionary history of ceratopsids, showed that the origin of ceratopsids is unrelated to, and older than the fossil record of Protoceratops and relatives.

Phylogenetic analysis reveal that Zuniceratops is a non-ceratopsid neoceratopisan, closely related to Turanoceratops:

Paleoenvironment
Specimens of Zuniceratops are known from the Moreno Hill Formation which documents a time of tectonic upheaval, volcanic activities, humid paleoclimate, and North American coastal margin shifts. Other dinosaurs fossils recovered from this formation are Suskityrannus, Nothronychus, Jeyawati, and undescribed ankylosaur remains. Three groups of turtle fossils have been reported: a baenid Edowa, a helochelydrid Naomichelys and an indeterminate trionychid. Other vertebrate fossils include crocodyliform teeth, amiid teeth and gar scales.

title: Zuniceratops


text:
David Jones (railway)

David Jones (25 October 1834 - 2 December 1906) was born in Manchester, England, where his father was an engineer. He became Locomotive Superintendent for the Highland Railway in Scotland. He was credited with the design of the first British 4-6-0 which was strongly influenced by a Scottish locomotive design for Indian Railways.

London and North Western Railway
Jones spent part of his apprenticeship under John Ramsbottom, the district superintendent of the North Eastern Division of London and North Western Railway.

Highland Railway
He joined what would later become the Highland Railway in 1855 at age twenty-one. In 1870, he became its locomotive superintendent and, like most such occupants of that position, spent much of his time rebuilding old engines in order to extract a few more years from them. Although he was a fervent disciple of Alexander Allan, Jones' new designs tended to break away from the Allan tradition, which had lasted so long in Scotland.

Locomotive designs
In 1894 he introduced the Highland Railway Jones Goods Class, the first 4-6-0 to operate on any British Railway. In 1899 the three Avonside Engine Company 4-6-0 engines built for the North Mount Lyell Railway are attributed in design to Jones

Accidents and death
Jones retired in 1896, after a scalding, experienced during tests of the large goods 4-6-0, had robbed him of the use of his left leg and he died in London in 1906, after a car accident had deprived him the use of his other.

title: David Jones (railway)


text:
User talk:Gilblow

Welcome, from Journalist Welcome to Wikipedia!

Hello. My name is Orane (but I go by the name 'Journalist' on Wikipedia) and I am one of Wikipedia's Administrators. I just stopped by to say Hi and to formally welcome you to Wikipedia. Thank you for your awesome contributions so far. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. I know that being here for the first few days may be a bit confusing, but you'll get used to it pretty soon.

Here are a few good links for newcomers. I know that they can be boring, but I recommend that you take a look at them:
 * Policies and guidelines
 * What Wikipedia is not
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Manual of Style

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! You can come to my talk page if you have any questions. If Im online, I will definitely respond. If I'm offline, you can go to Where to ask a question. Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~) ; this will automatically produce your name and the date. Again, welcome! Come say Hi! →Jo urna list >>talk<<  18:55, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gilblow


text: File:Pozdrav iz zemlje Safari (cover).jpg


text: File:Dok cekas sabah sa sejtanom (cover).jpg


text:
Talk:Balthasar Gérard

Money in modern units?
How much is 50 crowns in modern currency? RJFJR 18:56, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

Tortures
The description in the article of tortures and method of execution look like a bad 'fairy tale'. Could one provide a historically reliable source for all this? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 62.131.127.26 (talk) 17:36, 12 February 2007 (UTC).

 * Also, the tortures and execution described here do not match the description as given on the William the Silent page. Moreover, William's lasts words differ between these two pages. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.214.50.158 (talk) 19:10, 4 June 2012 (UTC)

What's left to cleanup?
It's been on cleanup for about a year. What's left that needs to be done? RJFJR 18:56, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

Looks tolerable to me. I'll pull the tag.

Regards, Ben Aveling 11:14, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

This page, while relatively informative, desperately needs to be proofread. In addition there are numerous paragraphs that mention events without explaining what the events were (Such as in the first paragraph).

That and the English is still in a pretty poor state; proofreading remains required. Arnoutf 11:41, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

Rem POV
I removed some pov wording that pictured Gerardts as a kind of hero and especially his tortures as brutes. The torture (horrific as it must have been) seems fairly standard for those days. After all, according to the Dutch this guy had just killed their freedom fight leader (compare with an assasination of George Washington or similar); thus in Dutch pov the villain (Gerardts) received what was his due. (of course this should also not be the pov of the article). Arnoutf 18:36, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

Three shots?
If he had only one firearm, how did he fire three shots? It is not like they had revolvers back then. The flintlock was not even invented yet. --76.203.126.137 08:52, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

 * That jumped out at me on the first reading too. It's stated he bought a pair of pistols, so two shots are probable, but not three. I've added a . Pistols at that time were mostly wheellocks, they were no slower to load than a flintlock, but I can't see he had any time to reload. Yorkist (talk) 14:11, 10 July 2008 (UTC)

 * You are completely correct. I don't know who put 'three shots' in there, but two shots correspond with the info given at the museum and the amount of bullet holes still shown and exhibited there. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.209.153.249 (talk) 04:44, 25 October 2009 (UTC)

 * The first citation (Motley, John L. (1856). The Rise of the Dutch Republic, Vol. 3.) says "[Balthasar] discharged a pistol full at his heart. Three balls entered his body". Perhaps this means the pistols he carried were filled (each) with gunpowder and several lead bullets (or "balls"); he fired only one pistol, several bullets were expelled from the gun, and three of them hit Wilhelm? Therefore, it wouldn't be accurate to say "he fired three shots", but perhaps "he fired three bullets". rbp (talk) 16:06, 8 July 2010 (UTC)

 * He could have easily carried multiple pistols. Also, he could have had repeating pistols, which were proto-revolvers. 86.86.215.140 (talk) 18:04, 11 November 2014 (UTC)

 * He was carrying two and was unlikely to have had time to draw a third. The contemporary revolvers were applied to (full size) guns not hand guns, so that is unlikely. Some kind of double barrel design may have been possible though. Arnoutf (talk) 18:29, 11 November 2014 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 10:56, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

First recorded assassination?
"...this may have been the first (recorded) assassination..."

Was it, or wasn't it? This shouldn't be too hard to find out. At the very least, it should read "this *was* the first recorded assasination..." Jrule (talk) 02:04, 17 September 2010 (UTC)

From the Wikipedia article on William of Orange:
 * According to a British historian of science Lisa Jardine, he is reputed to be the first world head of state to be assassinated by handgun, but William was not officially head of state, and the Scottish Regent Moray had been shot 13 years earlier.

Patronanejo (talk) 03:42, 8 October 2012 (UTC)
 * Reading that sentence the addition " but W was not officially head of state" is an addition that does not come from Jardine (and is hence unsourced).
 * What is an official head of state? The person recognised by an international union such as the UN (which did not exist at the time); the person accepted by his or her predecessor (in which case the overturn of most dictators would not lead to an official new head of state), the person having support of a representation of the population, the person holding the power in reality? William had the latter 2. The earlier ones were not truly possible during that time and age.
 * The Burgundian Netherlands had a certain level of independence within the Burgundian cycle. Its parliament was the States General, which reminded their overlord (the Spanish king) that the king had duties as well as rights towards its population. When the king answered by sending in an occupation power and started beheading important political leaders the states declared the king in default and voted the Act of Abjuration formally renouncing the king of Spain as head of state. William was then appointed by that same states general as Stadholder (regent) in the name of the states, making him officially the head of state, at least if we accept the authority of the states general. Arnoutf (talk) 18:03, 8 October 2012 (UTC)

What premises?
It appears as though this passage has been edited beyond recognition: "On Sunday, 8 July 1584, Gérard loitered in the courtyard examining the premises. A halberdier asked him why he was waiting there. He excused himself by saying that in his shabby clothing and without new shoes he was unfit to join the congregation in the church opposite. The halberdier unsuspectingly arranged a gift of 50 crowns for Gérard, who, the following morning purchased a pair of pistols from a soldier...." To what courtyard does this passage refer? Whose halberdier provided Gérard with the 50 crowns he was unable to cajole from the nobles involved in the conspiracy? Patronanejo (talk) 03:14, 8 October 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Balthasar Gérard


text:
Talk:Big Youth

Birthday Question
The article says: I don't think we should have both dates on the article. My first thought was that if we don't know, we shouldn't include either. On second thought, if, as the article states, Big Youth started performing in 1970, with his own first album in 1971, he would only have been 15 years old had he been born in 1955. The 1949 date seems far more plausible.
 * born April 19, 1949 or February 1955

I am going to remove the Feb 1955 date from the article. If anyone objects, it is open for discussion. --AStanhope 18:56, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

maju (talk) 16:49, 9 December 2007 (UTC) I added a ref to the Feb 1955 date. It's there but not in the main text -everybody should be happy.

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title: Talk:Big Youth


text: User talk:81.107.198.98

title: User talk:81.107.198.98


text:
User talk:MarkBruns

Welcome, from Journalist Welcome to Wikipedia!

Hello. My name is Orane (but I go by the name 'Journalist' on Wikipedia) and I am one of Wikipedia's Administrators. I just stopped by to say Hi and to formally welcome you to Wikipedia. Thank you for your awesome contributions so far. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. I know that being here for the first few days may be a bit confusing, but you'll get used to it pretty soon.

Here are a few good links for newcomers. I know that they can be boring, but I recommend that you take a look at them:
 * Policies and guidelines
 * What Wikipedia is not
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Manual of Style

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! You can come to my talk page if you have any questions. If Im online, I will definitely respond. If I'm offline, you can go to Where to ask a question. Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~) ; this will automatically produce your name and the date. Again, welcome! Come say Hi! →Jo urna list >>talk<<  18:59, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:MarkBruns


text: File:Crest of NUI, Galway.png

title: File:Crest of NUI, Galway.png


text:
Sevastopol Sketches

The Sevastopol Sketches (pre-reform Севастопольскіе разсказы; post-reform Севастопольские рассказы), translated into English as Sebastopol Sketches or Sebastopol Stories or Sevastopol, are three short stories by Leo Tolstoy published in 1855 to record his experiences during the previous year's siege of Sevastopol in Crimea. These brief "sketches" formed the basis of many episodes in Tolstoy's most famous novel, War and Peace.

Sevastopol in December
In Sevastopol in December, Tolstoy uses second person narrative (with the pronoun 'you') in an introductory tour of life in Sevastopol. The detailed tour is arguably similar to one Tolstoy may have been given upon arrival in Sevastopol in November, 1854. As part of the tour, the narrator takes you through the dressing-station or makeshift hospital in the Assembly Hall. Here you find wounded soldiers, amputees, "some of them on camp beds, but most of them lying on the floor". Tolstoy introduces the reader to the settings, mannerisms, and background he later uses in Sevastopol in May and Sevastopol in August. For example, the British and French enemy are referred to as "'him', as both soldiers and sailors say" (Tolstoy 198).

Sevastopol in May
In Sevastopol in May, Tolstoy examines the senselessness and vanity of war. The story examines many aspects of the psychology of war, heroism, and the misleading humanism in truces which invariably end in more wars. Tolstoy concludes by declaring that the only hero of his story is truth.

Sevastopol in August
Sevastopol in August depicts the conclusion of the siege of Sevastopol and the eventual defeat and withdrawal of the Russian forces. The narrative focus alternates between Mikhail and Vladimir Kozeltsov, two brothers who both fight and eventually die for the Russian side.

title: Sevastopol Sketches


text:
Tenniel Evans

Walter Tenniel Evans (17 May 1926 – 10 June 2009) was a British actor.

Family
Walter Tenniel Evans was born in Nairobi, Kenya. His middle name derived from the illustrator Sir John Tenniel, a distant relation. His daughter, Serena Evans, is an actress, and his son, Matthew, is a television director.

Evans was a direct descendant of Isaac Evans, brother of George Eliot (born as Mary Ann Evans).

Career
Educated at Christ's Hospital, the University of St Andrews and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art, Evans first became well known for his long-running roles as Leading Seaman "Taffy" Goldstein and Admiral Ffont-Bittocks (and other occasional characters) in The Navy Lark, a popular BBC radio comedy series (1959–1977), which starred Dennis Price, Leslie Phillips, Jon Pertwee and later Stephen Murray, with Richard Caldicot, Michael Bates, Ronnie Barker and Heather Chasen. Pertwee became one of Evans's best friends – he encouraged Pertwee to audition for Doctor Who, although both were unaware that Pertwee was already being considered for the role; Pertwee subsequently helped Evans to get a role in the Doctor Who story "Carnival of Monsters".

Frequently cast as a policeman, a doctor or a priest, Evans appeared in many of the most popular and successful British TV series of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, as well as many one-off programmes, over a period of 44 years. His TV debut was in the series ITV Television Playhouse in 1960; shortly after this he played Jonathan Kail in Tess, the 1960 ITV adaptation of Thomas Hardy's Tess of the D'Urbervilles, which starred Geraldine McEwan and Jeremy Brett.

Among Evans's most notable TV credits are The Forsyte Saga (1967), The Saint (1967), four appearances in The Avengers between 1961 and 1968, episode five of Undermind  in 1965, Softly Softly, (1966, 1969), Randall and Hopkirk (1969), A Family at War (1970), Paul Temple (1970, 1971), multiple appearances in Z-Cars between 1963 and 1972, a regular role in Big Breadwinner Hog (1969), The Liver Birds (1972), The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin (1976), Yes Minister (1980), Coronation Street (1980), Rumpole of the Bailey (1983), The Citadel (1983) and The Dancing Men (1984), an episode of the Granada series The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes that reunited him with Jeremy Brett.

In 1985 Evans was ordained as a non-stipendiary priest of the Church of England and retired from stage acting, although he continued to perform in TV programmes until shortly before his death. During 1985 he had a recurring role in the comedy Shine on Harvey Moon. In 1987 he had a recurring role in the children's science-fiction series Knights of God (1987), which is notable for the last appearance on screen by Patrick Troughton. Coincidentally, Evans then took over the role of Perce, the grandfather, originally played by Troughton, in the comedy series The Two of Us following Troughton's sudden death in March 1987.

Evans's other television credits from between the late 1980s and 2004 include Inspector Morse, Lovejoy, September Song, Peak Practice, The Bill, Pie in the Sky, Heartbeat, Hetty Wainthropp Investigates, Casualty and Dalziel and Pascoe. His final screen appearance was in an episode of the romantic comedy series William and Mary (2004), directed by his son Matthew, which also co-starred Martin Clunes.

Evans made few appearances in films. His most prominent parts were as a murderous teacher in Walk a Crooked Path (1969), and as a detective in the thriller 10 Rillington Place (1971), the film about the infamous British serial killer John Christie starring Richard Attenborough.

In the 1990s Evans was also featured in Focus on the Family's Radio Theatre programmes, playing Ebenezer Scrooge in A Christmas Carol (1996) and a supporting role as Bishop George Bell in Dietrich Bonhoeffer: The Cost of Freedom (1997).

Film

 * Only Two Can Play (1962) as Kennedy (uncredited)
 * The Wild and the Willing (1962) as Warden (uncredited)
 * Walk a Crooked Path (1969) as John Hemming
 * 10 Rillington Place (1971) as Police: Det. Sergeant
 * Knots (1975) as Tenniel, The Director

Television

 * ITV Television Playhouse (1960)
 * Tess (1960) as Jonathan Kail
 * The Human Jungle
 * The Forsyte Saga (1967)
 * The Saint (1967)
 * The Avengers (1961-1968, 4 episodes)
 * Undermind (1965, episode 5)
 * Softly Softly (1966, 1969)
 * Randall and Hopkirk (1969)
 * A Family at War (1970)
 * Paul Temple (1970, 1971)
 * Z-Cars (1963-1972) as various characters
 * Big Breadwinner Hog (1969) as Nicholson
 * The Liver Birds (1972)
 * War and Peace (1972) as Prince Bagration
 * Doctor Who (1973, "Carnival of Monsters" serial)
 * My Brother's Keeper (1975–1976) as Sergeant Bluett
 * The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin (1976)
 * Yes Minister (1980)
 * Coronation Street (1980)
 * Rumpole of the Bailey (1983)
 * The Citadel (1983) as Dr Page
 * The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (1984, 1 episode: The Dancing Men)
 * Shine on Harvey Moon (1985)
 * Knights of God (1987) as Dafydd
 * The Two of Us (1987) as Perce
 * Inspector Morse
 * Lovejoy
 * September Song as Sir Edward Parkinson-Lewis
 * Peak Practice
 * The Bill
 * Pie in the Sky
 * Heartbeat
 * Hetty Wainthropp Investigates
 * Casualty
 * Dalziel and Pascoe
 * William and Mary (2004, 1 episode)

Radio

 * The Navy Lark (1959–1977) as Leading Seaman "Taffy" Goldstein / The Admiral / various characters
 * A Christmas Carol (1996) as Ebenezer Scrooge
 * Dietrich Bonhoeffer: The Cost of Freedom (1997) as Bishop George Bell

title: Tenniel Evans


text:
Casier

Casier is a town and comune in the province of Treviso, Veneto region, in north-eastern Italy. The commune has its seat in Dosson di Casier, and includes the localities of Frescada (partially), Le Grazie (partially), La Sicilia, Cà Matte.

Culture
The Festa dello sloboz rosso di Frescada is held every year, between January and February.

Town twinning

 * 🇫🇷 Eaunes, France, since 2002
 * Slobozia, Romania, since 1315

title: Casier


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Google OS

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. Denelson83 05:03, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Google OS
Hoax, information with a speculative nature Mateusc 19:18, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

 * ANNIHILATE!, now we're going to have articles that are pure speculation on what Google might or might not do? —Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason 19:25, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Ashibaka (tock) 19:51, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete cohesion | talk 19:55, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep. I still believe this is a completely random rumor and wishful thinking, even with the Chinese article (It loses credibility in the first sentence, claiming that the OS uses both Linux and the GNU Hurd). But,
 * It is very widespread as a rumor.
 * Google does make a hacked-up Linux for its servers that could be the origin of the rumors. Gazpacho 21:56, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think it's the source of the Chinese page linked in the article. Ashibaka (tock) 23:35, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. WP:ISNOT a crystal ball. Tonywalton  | Talk 23:37, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I can zoom in to almost lifesize on the Google complex using Google Earth and found no evidence of this OS. :) ESkog 01:03, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, pure speculation. The idea of a Hurd based system from Google is kinda neat though. --Apyule 05:26, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom --Rogerd 12:18, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. WP:ISNOT a rumor database. MCB 00:47, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wow! How obvious of a fake rumor it is! Rhetoricalwater 18:22, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Veleti

[Untitled]
queridos amigos, no tengo idea de que es esta pagina pero es divertido escribir en ella, de que trata esto, de cultura, historia, religion,politica ,libros, o simplemente de nada, si es de historia puede ser interesante, me encanta la historia de paises que no conozco, pero la historia local,alguien me puede contestar, cuando entre en esta pagina es por tener un pariente lejano de apellido veleti, significa algo, yo soy de espa�a y me estra�a este apellido, bueno no creo que nadie conteste a esta nota pero me gustaria saber de dicho apellido

Rough translation

dear friends, I do not have idea that it is this page but is amused to write in her, which deals with this, of culture, history, religion, politica, books, or simply of anything, if it is of history can be interesting, it enchants the history of countries that I do not know, but local history, somebody can answer to me, when between in this page is to have a distant relative of last name veleti, means something, I I am of espa?a and me estra?a this last name, good I do not believe that nobody answers this gustaria note but to know to me of this last name

title: Talk:Veleti


text:
Bridgepoint Group

Bridgepoint Group plc is a British private investment company listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

History
Bridgepoint was founded as NatWest Equity Partners, a private equity firm part of NatWest. The firm was renamed Bridgepoint Capital in May 2000 following a management buyout.

In May 2001, Bridgepoint closed its first fund following its independence from NatWest. The fund closed at €2 billion, and made its first investments in WT Foods, Virgin Active and Hydrex.

The firm closed its Europe II fund in 2001 and its Europe III fund in 2005. Bridgepoint closed its Europe IV fund in 2008 for €4.8 billion.

In 2011, the firm was renamed Bridgepoint Advisers. In March 2015, Bridgepoint closed its latest €4 billion Bridgepoint Europe V fund, bringing to €20.5 billion the amount of committed capital raised to date.

In August 2018, Dyal Capital Partners acquired a minority stake in Bridgepoint.

In 2021 Bridgepoint closed its £1.56 billion Bridgepoint Development Capital IV fund. In July 2021, Bridgepoint Group was listed to the London Stock Exchange.

In September 2023, it was announced that Bridgepoint would acquire Energy Capital Partners for £835 million.

Notable investments

 * AHT Cooling Systems
 * ASK Italian
 * Burger King
 * CAST
 * Care UK
 * Deliveroo
 * Dennis Eagle purchased August 1999 sold January 2004 to ABN Amro
 * Diaverum
 * Equativ
 * ERM
 * Fat Face
 * Hobbycraft
 * Humanetics
 * Infinitas Learning
 * Infront Sports & Media
 * Leeds Bradford Airport (now owned by AMP Capital)
 * Molton Brown
 * Moneycorp
 * Monica Vinader
 * Nordic Cinema Group
 * Pret a Manger
 * Rodenstock
 * Safestore
 * Trustly
 * Virgin Active
 * Wiggle
 * Zizzi

title: Bridgepoint Group


text:
Molly McGreevy

Molly Wheaton McGreevy (June 11, 1936 – November 1, 2015) was an American actress and later ordained priest, known for her role as Polly Longworth on the daytime television soap opera Ryan's Hope.

Biography
Born Mary Wheaton Paine and called "Molly", she was the daughter of Hugh Eustis Paine, Sr. (died 1973 ) and Helen Clirehugh Duncan Paine. Her grandfather was the paper manufacturer and banker Augustus G. Paine, Jr. from New York City.

She first married stockbroker Thomas J. McGreevy of Kansas City, Missouri. Together they had three daughters, Pamela, Jessica, and Barbara. The couple divorced in the early 1970s, and she subsequently married Earl Hindman, a film and television actor who played detective Bob Reid on Ryan's Hope and Wilson Wilson Jr. on Home Improvement. One of her first movies was Shoot It Black, Shoot It Blue in 1974, in which she played a salesgirl. She subsequently appeared in the recurring role of wealthy Rae Woodard's gossipy society pal Polly Longworth in Ryan's Hope from 1977 to 1981.

She became an ordained Episcopal priest in the 1980s. She worked at the Church of St. Luke in the Fields, Greenwich Village for many years, ministering to AIDS patients. She and Hindman later moved to Stamford, Connecticut, where she worked as associate rector of St. Francis’ Church until her retirement. Hindman died in Stamford in 2003. In 2008, she moved to a senior community near Rochester, New York. She died on November 1, 2015, aged 79.

title: Molly McGreevy


text:
User talk:Android448

Welcome, from Journalist Welcome to Wikipedia!

Hello. My name is Orane (but I go by the name 'Journalist' on Wikipedia) and I am one of Wikipedia's Administrators. I just stopped by to say Hi and to formally welcome you to Wikipedia. Thank you for your awesome contributions so far. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. I know that being here for the first few days may be a bit confusing, but you'll get used to it pretty soon.

Here are a few good links for newcomers. I know that they can be boring, but I recommend that you take a look at them:
 * Policies and guidelines
 * What Wikipedia is not
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Manual of Style

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! You can come to my talk page if you have any questions. If Im online, I will definitely respond. If I'm offline, you can go to Where to ask a question. Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~) ; this will automatically produce your name and the date. Again, welcome! Come say Hi! →Jo urna list  >>talk<<  19:03, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Android448


text: User talk:68.239.146.238

title: User talk:68.239.146.238


text:
2000–01 in Belgian football

The 2000–01 season was the 98th competitive season in Belgian football.

National team
Belgium began their qualifying campaign for the Football World Cup 2002.

* Belgium score given first

Key
 * H = Home match
 * A = Away match
 * F = Friendly
 * WCQ = FIFA World Cup 2002 Qualifying, Group 6
 * og = own goal

title: 2000–01 in Belgian football


text: User talk:84.67.148.157

title: User talk:84.67.148.157


text:
Talk:Clement Haynsworth

Confusion
Some editors object to notes such as the one i have added:
 * (Haynsworth is occasionally confused with G. Harrold Carswell, who was unsuccessfully nominated the next year for the same vacancy.)

I have observed just such confusion, among professionals: on "Wait, Wait, Don't Tell Me", in discussing Harriet Miers, one panelist described the "mediocre" quote as targeted at Haynsworth; another was erudite enuf to identify Roman Hruska as having made the statement, without revealing any sign of recalling that Carswell, not Haynsworth, was the subject.

In any case, this could perhaps be better treated using a Haynsworth and Carswell article, analogous to The two boxers Davey Moore, that would compare and contrast them, and to which both Clement Haynsworth & Harold Carswell would lk, e.g. thus:
 * He was one of two nominees nominated unsuccessfully for the same vacancy.

--Jerzy•t 19:08, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

I don't think there's any real confusion here, more than people making the usual percentage of mistakes they make about any subject. I've removed the note. Wasted Time R (talk) 23:42, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

Washington Post criticism.
The sentence regarding the Washington Post endorsement relevant in that it is a major newspaper considered by many to be liberal. However, the sentence should be cited with a generally accepted source that states the WP was liberal at that time. This should not be hard to do as media studies have looked at the politics of newspapers for decades.

I deleted the comment saying that the WP is a conservative paper for two reasons. First, it is irrelevant to the topic at hand. If no source can be found for the liberal sentence, than that sentence should be deleted. Second, on many other pages it has been decided that as it is an advocacy organization, Media Matters is not a valid sources. (The same would be true for Accuracy in Media.) If MM is citing a study from a peer reviewed journal or something like that, then the origional source should be cited. Ericsean (talk) 19:31, 28 April 2010 (UTC)

Image
Here is an image of Haynsworth that can be uploaded:http://www.history.com/news/a-brief-history-of-supreme-court-battles Blue Director (talk) 19:55, 22 June 2022 (UTC)

Here is another good link to it: https://external-content.duckduckgo.com/iu/?u=https%3A%2F%2Ftse1.mm.bing.net%2Fth%3Fid%3DOIP.dXHNdaT9VynMuoRaHE288QHaHY%26pid%3DApi&f=1 Blue Director (talk) 22:40, 22 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Clement Haynsworth


text:
Empress Xiaogongren

Empress Xiaogongren (28 April 1660 – 25 June 1723), of the Manchu Plain Yellow Banner Uya clan, was a posthumous name bestowed to the consort of Xuanye, the Kangxi Emperor and mother of Yinzhen, the Yongzheng Emperor. She was honoured as Empress Dowager Renshou during the reign of her son and posthumously honoured as empress, although she never held the rank of empress consort during her lifetime.

Family background
Empress Xiaogongren's personal name was not recorded in history. She was a Booi Aha of the Plain Yellow Banner by birth.

 * Father: Weiwu (威武), served as a third rank military official (護軍參領), and held the title of a first class duke (一等公)
 * Paternal grandfather: Esen (額森)
 * Paternal grandmother: Lady Guwalgiya
 * Mother: Lady Saiheli
 * Elder sister: wife of Alingga

Shunzhi era
The future Empress Xiaogongren was born on the 19th day of the third lunar month in the 17th year of the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor, which translates to 28 April 1660 in the Gregorian calendar.

Kangxi era
In February or March 1673, Lady Uya entered the Forbidden City and became a lady-in-waiting of the Kangxi Emperor. On 13 December 1678, she gave birth to the emperor's fourth son, Yinzhen. On 15 November 1679, she was granted the title "Concubine De". On 5 March 1680, she gave birth to the emperor's sixth son, Yinzuo, who would die prematurely on 15 June 1685.

On 28 January 1682, she was elevated to "Consort De". She gave birth on 5 July 1682 to the emperor's seventh daughter, who would die prematurely in September 1682, on 10 November 1683 to his ninth daughter, Princess Wenxian of the First Rank, on 14 June 1686 to his 12th daughter, who would die prematurely in February or March 1697, and on 10 February 1688 to his 14th son, Yunti.

Yongzheng era
The Kangxi Emperor died on 20 December 1722 and was succeeded by Yinzhen, who was enthroned as the Yongzheng Emperor. As the mother of the reigning emperor, Consort De was honoured as "Empress Dowager Renshou".

Empress Dowager Renshou died of illness on 25 June 1723. Some sources claimed that she wished to commit suicide to join her husband but her son refused to let her do so. She fell ill shortly afterwards and died after refusing medical treatment. She was interred in the Jing Mausoleum of the Eastern Qing tombs. She was granted the posthumous title "Empress Xiaogongren" by the Yongzheng Emperor.

Titles

 * During the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor (r. 1643–1661):
 * Lady Uya (from 28 April 1660)
 * During the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722):
 * Concubine De (德嬪; from 15 November 1679 ), fifth rank consort
 * Consort De (德妃; from 28 January 1682 ), fourth rank consort
 * During the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor (r. 1722–1735):
 * Empress Dowager Renshou (仁壽皇太后; from 20 December 1722 )
 * Empress Xiaogongren (孝恭仁皇后; from August/September 1723 )

Issue

 * As a mistress:
 * Yinzhen (胤禛; 13 December 1678 – 8 October 1735), the Kangxi Emperor's 11th (fourth) son, enthroned on 27 December 1722 as the Yongzheng Emperor
 * As Concubine De:
 * Yinzuo (胤祚; 5 March 1680 – 15 June 1685), the Kangxi Emperor's 14th (sixth) son
 * As Consort De:
 * The Kangxi Emperor's seventh daughter (5 July 1682 – September 1682)
 * Princess Wenxian of the First Rank (固倫溫憲公主; 10 November 1683 – August/September 1702), the Kangxi Emperor's ninth daughter
 * Married Shun'anyan (舜安顏; d. 1724) of the Manchu Tunggiya clan in October/November 1700
 * The Kangxi Emperor's 12th daughter (14 June 1686 – February/March 1697)
 * Yunti (允禵; 10 February 1688 – 16 February 1755), the Kangxi Emperor's 23rd (14th) son, granted the title Prince Xun of the Second Rank in 1748, posthumously honoured as Prince Xunqin of the Second Rank

In fiction and popular culture

 * Portrayed by Au Yin-lin in The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty (1987)
 * Portrayed by Sally Chen in Legend of YungChing (1997)
 * Portrayed by Shi Jianlan in Yongzheng Dynasty (1999)
 * Portrayed by Wu Qianqian in Huang Taizi Mishi (2004)
 * Portrayed by Leanne Liu in Palace (2011), Empresses in the Palace (2011) and Palace II (2012)
 * Portrayed by Dai Chunrong in Scarlet Heart (2011)
 * Portrayed by Vivian Wu in The Palace (2013)
 * Portrayed by Rosanne Lui in Gilded Chopsticks (2014)
 * Portrayed by Luo Mi in Legend of Dragon Pearl (2017)

title: Empress Xiaogongren


text:
Cocycle

In mathematics a cocycle is a closed cochain. Cocycles are used in algebraic topology to express obstructions (for example, to integrating a differential equation on a closed manifold). They are likewise used in group cohomology. In autonomous dynamical systems, cocycles are used to describe particular kinds of map, as in Oseledets theorem.

Algebraic Topology
Let X be a CW complex and $$C^n(X)$$ be the singular cochains with coboundary map $$d^n: C^{n-1}(X) \to C^n(X)$$. Then elements of $$\text{ker }d$$ are cocycles. Elements of $$ \text{im } d $$ are coboundaries. If $$ \varphi$$ is a cocycle, then $$d \circ \varphi = \varphi \circ \partial =0 $$, which means cocycles vanish on boundaries.

title: Cocycle


text: Category:Seasons in Belgian football

title: Category:Seasons in Belgian football


text:
Wikipedia:News sources/Africa

Africa

 * All Africa
 * BBC News Africa
 * Radio France Africa
 * IRIN from the United Nations
 * Pambazuka News

Algeria

 * El Khabar (Newsprint)
 * The North Africa Journal (Newsprint) - based in the US

Angola

 * Angola Press (Newsprint)
 * Angola24Horas

Benin

 * Benin embassy

Botswana

 * Mmegi (Newsprint)

Egypt

 * Al-ahram (Newsprint)
 * Cairolive (Newsprint)
 * Cairo Times (Newsprint)
 * Egypt Today (Newsprint)

Eritrea

 * Dehai (Mailing list?)

Ethiopia

 * Addis Tribune (Newsprint)
 * Ethiopia News Agency
 * Ethiopean Review (Newsprint)
 * Parliamentary website
 * Walta Information centre (Newsprint)

Gambia

 * Gambia Net (Newsprint)
 * Gambian government site

Ghana

 * Ghana Review (Newsprint)
 * Ghanaian Chronicle (Newsprint)
 * The Online Independent (Newsprint)

Kenya

 * Kenyan Government site

Lesotho

 * Lesotho Government online

Liberia

 * The Liberian Connection
 * The Perspective

Libya

 * Libya Watanona

Malawi

 * The Daily Times
 * Malawi News Agency
 * The Malawi Nation

Mauritius

 * Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation (Broadcasting)
 * Mauritius News (For the Mauritius community in the UK)

Morocco

 * Al Jarida Al Maghriba (Internet only)
 * Maghreb Arabe Presse (Newsprint)

Mozambique

 * AIM

Namibia

 * Government site
 * Namibia Economist (Newsprint)
 * Namibian (Newsprint)

Nigeria

 * African international television (Broadcasting)
 * Government site
 * Newswatch (Newsprint)
 * Silverbird group (Broadcasting)
 * Vanguard (Newsprint and online)
 * Guardian Newspaper (Newsprint and online)
 * AriseTV (Broadcasting)
 * Channelstv(Broadcasting)

Rwanda

 * International Criminal Tribunial for Rwanda
 * Internews - also ICTR

Somalia

 * Banadir (Portal)

South Africa

 * Business day (Newsprint)
 * IAfrica
 * IOL (Newsprint)
 * News 24 (Newsprint)
 * South africa broadcasting company (Broadcasting)
 * The Sunday Times (Newsprint)

Sudan

 * Sudan Net (Portal)

Swaziland

 * Government site
 * Times of Swaziland

Tanzania

 * The Express Online (Newsprint)
 * Ipp Media
 * Parliamentary site

Tunisia

 * Tunisia Online news (government maintained)

Uganda

 * Monitor online (Newsprint)
 * The new Vision Online (Newsprint) - Government owned)

Western Sahara

 * Minurso - UN maintained
 * Western Sahara Online
 * Western Sahara Update

Zambia

 * Elections
 * Zambia Daily Mail (Newsprint)
 * Times Online (Newsprint)

Zimbabwe

 * The Herald
 * The Financial Gazette (Newsprint)
 * The Independent (Newsprint)
 * Zimbabwe broadcasting association (Broadcasting)
 * Zimbabwe News

title: Wikipedia:News sources/Africa


text:
User:UncleKensson

Hi, I'm UncleKensson, or Colin if you prefer.

= The Real Me = I was born at the posh end of Glasgow, Scotland in a place called Edinburgh, in 1977. I grew up (in the least mature sense of the world) near Bicester in England but escaped as soon as possible to go to university in St Andrews.

Once I got there, I studied Mathematics with French, including a year's study in Avignon, France. I specialised in Applied Mathematics, particularly the study of the Sun. After gaining a 2:1, I stayed on to do a Ph.D. in Solar Physics. I currently work as a researcher at Montana State University in Bozeman, Montana.

= The Other Me =

I also perform as a singer-songwriter under the name Kensson. My songs can loosely be categorised as political folk; my idols include Bob Dylan, Billy Bragg and Phil Ochs.

= Projects, interests, etc =

My current fascination is with science undertaken in the 10th-13th centuries by Arabian scholars (see Islamic Golden Age as a starting point), and I'm hoping to write a pop-science/history book on the topic.

I mainly use wikipedia for finding formulae and notes on physical problems. Most recently I've been trying to work out the physics of gold panning, and devising Ingenious Devices to improve the process while not using machines.

title: User:UncleKensson


text:
Trisomy 9

Full trisomy 9 is a rare and fatal chromosomal disorder caused by having three copies (trisomy) of chromosome number 9. It can be a viable condition if trisomy affects only part of the cells of the body (mosaicism) or in cases of partial trisomy (trisomy 9p) in which cells have a normal set of two entire chromosomes 9 plus part of a third copy, usually of the short arm of the chromosome (arm p).

Presentation
Symptoms vary, but usually result in dysmorphisms in the skull, nervous system problems, and developmental delay. Dysmorphisms in the heart, kidneys, and musculoskeletal system may also occur. An infant with complete trisomy 9 surviving 20 days after birth showed clinical features including a small face, wide fontanelle, prominent occiput, micrognathia, low set ears, upslanting palpebral fissures, high-arched palate, short sternum, overlapping fingers, limited hip abduction, rocker bottom feet, heart murmurs and a webbed neck.

Trisomy 9p is one of the most frequent autosomal anomalies compatible with long survival rate. A study of five cases showed an association with Coffin–Siris syndrome, as well as a wide gap between the first and second toes in all five, while three had brain malformations including dilated ventricles with hypogenesis of the corpus callosum and Dandy–Walker malformation.

Diagnosis
Trisomy 9 can be detected prenatally with chorionic villus sampling and cordocentesis, and can be suggested by obstetric ultrasonography.

Because trisomy 9 may appear with mosaicism, it is suggested that doctors take samples from multiple tissues when karyotyping for diagnosis.

title: Trisomy 9


text:
Jackie Paris

Carlo Jackie Paris (September 20, 1924 – June 17, 2004 ) was an American jazz singer and guitarist. He is best known for his recordings of "Skylark" and "'Round Midnight" from the late 1940s to the early 1950s.

Early years
Paris was born and raised in Nutley, New Jersey, to an Italian-American family, where he attended Nutley High School. His uncle Chick had been a guitarist with Paul Whiteman's orchestra. Paris was a popular child entertainer in vaudeville who shared the stage with Bill "Bojangles" Robinson and the Mills Brothers. He tap danced from his youth and into his years in the US Army.

After serving in the army during World War II, he was inspired by his friend Nat King Cole to assemble a trio featuring himself on guitar and vocals. The Jackie Paris Trio was a hit at the Onyx Club on New York's 52nd Street.

Recording and performing
He recorded from the 1940s into the 2000s. His albums include Songs by Jackie Paris (EmArcy), Jackie Paris Sings the Lyrics of Ira Gershwin (Time), and The Song Is Paris (Impulse!). The first song that he recorded was "Skylark", on one of two sessions made by his trio for MGM Records in 1947. He recorded Thelonious Monk's "Round Midnight", which was produced by the critic Leonard Feather and featured a young Dick Hyman on piano.

In 1949, he toured with the Lionel Hampton Orchestra and was invited to join Duke Ellington's Orchestra, but he was too exhausted to take it. Paris was part of the Lionel Hampton Orchestra that played at the famed Cavalcade of Jazz in Los Angeles at Wrigley Field which was produced by Leon Hefflin Sr. on July 10, 1949. They did a second concert at Lane Field in San Diego on September 3, 1949. He was the only vocalist to tour as a regular member of the Charlie Parker Quintet. Unfortunately, no recordings exist of the Parker–Paris combination, but there is a photograph of the two working together. He worked often with Charles Mingus, who called Paris his favorite singer and recorded with him often, including 1952's "Paris in Blue" and "Duke Ellington's Sound of Love" on the album Changes Two in 1974.

During the 1960s–70s, Paris frequently performed with his wife at the time Anne Marie Moss.

Paris performed or recorded with Bobby Scott, Charlie Shavers, Coleman Hawkins, Dizzy Gillespie, Donald Byrd, Eddie Costa, Gigi Gryce, Hank Jones, Joe Wilder, Johnny Mandel, Lee Konitz, Max Roach, Neal Hefti, Oscar Pettiford, Ralph Burns, Terry Gibbs, Tony Scott, and Wynton Kelly.

A documentary about him, 'Tis Autumn: The Search for Jackie Paris came out in 2006.

Recognition
He won many jazz polls and awards, including those of Down Beat, Playboy, Swing Journal, and Metronome. In 1953, he was named Best New Male Vocalist of the Year in the first Down Beat Critics Poll. The winning female vocalist was Ella Fitzgerald, who repeatedly named Paris as one of her favorites.

In 2001, Paris played to a standing room crowd – and to a standing ovation – at New York's Birdland jazz club in Times Square. He was virtually the only performer to have appeared at every incarnation of the famed night spot, from the legendary Birdland of the 1950s to the present.

He was praised by comic Lenny Bruce, who shared the bill with him on many occasions. Bruce said, "I dig his talent. The audience loves him and he gets laughs. He is too much!"

Awards and honors

 * New Star Male Vocalist, Down Beat Critics Poll, 1953
 * Best Male Vocalist, Playboy Musicians & Critics Poll, 1957–1961
 * Gold Disc Award, Lucky to Be Me, Swing Journal, 1989

Discography

 * Songs by Jackie Paris (Wing, 1956)
 * Skylark (Brunswick, 1957)
 * The Jackie Paris Sound (EastWest, 1958)
 * The Song Is Paris (Impulse!, 1962)
 * Sings the Lyrics of Ira Gershwin (Time, 1962)
 * Live at the Maisonette with Anne Marie Moss (Differant Drummer, 1975)
 * Jackie Paris (Audiophile, 1981)
 * Nobody Else but Me (Audiophile, 1988)
 * Lucky to Be Me (EmArcy, 1989)
 * Love Songs (EmArcy, 1990)
 * The Intimate Jackie Paris (Hudson, 2001)

title: Jackie Paris


text: Category:History of North Korea

title: Category:History of North Korea


text:
User:Tommiu

Tommi Uitti aka Tommiu (b. 16 september, Tampere) is a Finnish student.

Tommiu's career
Tommiu has studied at Tampere University of Technology and University of Tampere. Tommiu found English Wikipedia in october 2005.

Tommiu's edits in Wikipedia
Tommiu has edited or is going to edit the following pages in Wikipedia:
 * Tampere University of Technology
 * University of Tampere

 * Lyon
 * Samuli Torssonen

Comments of myself
I'm for Wikilove :)

Channels to give feedback

 * Comments and criticism on Tommiu's writings
 * email: tommiu@sci.fi
 * nick: Tommiu #wikipedia-fi @ freenode

Related

 * Tommiu's personal pages

title: User:Tommiu


text:
California State Route 225

State Route 225 (SR 225) was a state highway in the U.S. state of California that was a loop route of U.S. Route 101 that served the beach areas of the Santa Barbara area. The route was originally defined in 1963. In 2014, control of the highway was transferred from the state to the city of Santa Barbara. , however, the California State Legislature has neither deleted nor even amended the legal definition of SR 225 in the California Streets and Highways Code since 2011 when they authorized Caltrans to transfer control of the highway to the city.

Route description
SR 225 was a route that closely followed the beaches of the city of Santa Barbara. It started off near the Earl Warren Showgrounds at the junction of U.S. Route 101 and Las Positas Road and headed south towards the coast before turning east on Cliff Drive. It then climbed up a small viaduct before descending near Santa Barbara City College and ended at Castillo Street and US 101.

History
Until 1998, SR 225 followed Cabrillo Boulevard along the beach, ending near Montecito. On January 30, 2014, Caltrans transferred control of SR 225 to the city of Santa Barbara. , the Route 225 definition still remains listed under Section 525 of the California Streets and Highways Code, including the authorization for Caltrans to transfer control of the highway to Santa Barbara.

title: California State Route 225


text:
Universities Central Council on Admissions

Universities Central Council on Admissions (UCCA) provided a clearing house for university applications in the United Kingdom from its formation in 1961 until its merger with PCAS (Polytechnics Central Admissions System) to form UCAS in 1993.

History
UCCA was created in response to concerns during the 1950s that the increase in university applications was unmanageable using the systems then in place, where each student applied individually to as many institutions as they chose. This concern led to the Committee of Vice Chancellors and Principals (CVCP) setting up an ad-hoc committee in 1957 to review the matter; this committee in its Third Report of January 1961 recommended the setting up of a central agency, which subsequently became known as UCCA. Its First and Second Reports had already made a number of recommendations aimed at harmonising admissions procedures across different universities.

The name UCCA referred originally to the management board (the Central Council) overseeing the new process, but soon came to refer to the organisation responsible for its day-to-day operation. With Ronald Kay as its chief executive, this was based initially in London at 29 Tavistock Square, in premises of the University of London, and moved to Cheltenham, Gloucestershire in 1968. UCCA was planned to start by October 1963. The new scheme had a pilot year handling a subset of applications for entry in 1963, and its first full year of operation handled admissions for 1964. The first year in 1963 was only for engineering and technical departments, with all departments from October 1964.

People
Assistance at the start came from Prof H.R. Pitt, Professor of Maths at the University of Nottingham and Mr A Plumb, the University of Nottingham registrar, with Prof L.C. Sykes, Professor of French at the University of Leicester. Students could apply to four universities.

The chairman was John Fulton, Baron Fulton, the Vice Chancellor of the University of Sussex. Also on the committee was Geoffrey Templeman, the registrar of the University of Birmingham from 1955, and later the chairman for six years in the late 1960s.

Antecendents
The scheme was essentially a collaborative venture between independent universities, and membership was voluntary. Most English universities joined from the start. The scheme didn't include medical and dental schools at London, Aberdeen, Glasgow, St Andrews or any university departments at Belfast - individual applications for these university departments had to be made. Belfast had around 90% of all Northern Ireland applicants, so Belfast didn't need to join, at first.

Oxford and Cambridge joined (with slightly modified procedures) for the 1966 entry; Belfast joined in 1966; the London medical and dental schools, as well as Stirling for 1967. By 1968 the office was handling 592,000 applications from 110,400 candidates to 80 institutions.

Technology
Initially, processing of applications was carried out using punched card technology. In 1964, UCCA started using the services of a computer bureau with a Univac machine; in 1967 it installed its own Univac computer. 70,000 applications had been made in 1955, with 190,000 applications in 1961 - for about 100,000 places.

Applications process
The actual application process remained largely unchanged during the life of the organisation, except for minor details. Candidates submitted a single application listing six (later five) universities. Copies of the application were sent to these universities (unlike UCCA's modern counterpart, UCAS), which could make various kinds of offer: unconditional, or conditional on grades achieved in the subsequent A-level examinations. Students could hold a maximum of two of these offers, a first choice, plus a reserve choice held in case they failed to achieve the grades asked by their first choice (if they received an unconditional or a pass-level offer from the university listed first on their application, no reserve could be held). In August, when the exam results were published, students who achieved their required grades (or who fell short of them, if the university had enough places available) would receive confirmation of their offer. Those who failed to receive a confirmed offer could apply for clearing, a process that matched the remaining unplaced candidates to the remaining unfilled places.

UCCA Points
An early objective of the central admissions process was to allow candidates to make objective comparisons between offers from different universities, and to this end conditional offers were expressed in terms of required grades in particular subjects in the A-level examinations; an offer might require, for example, that a candidate obtained an A grade in mathematics, and at least a C in physics and chemistry.

For clearing in particular, this system proved too complex, and universities with spare places on particular courses developed the practice of stating their minimum requirements in terms of an aggregate score: reckoning A=5, B=4, C=3, D=2, E=1, a required score of 9 meant they were prepared to consider any candidate with three Cs or equivalent, regardless of subject. The maximum score of 15 corresponded to three A grades.

With the introduction of AS-levels in 1989, the system was further refined to take account of results at both AS-level and A-level.


text:
Harrison Ludington

Harrison Ludington (July 30, 1812 – June 17, 1891) was an American businessman, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer. He served as the 13th governor of Wisconsin and was the 20th and 22nd mayor of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Early life and career
Ludington was born in Ludingtonville, Putnam County, New York, in July 1812. He was educated in the district schools in New York, then came west to the Wisconsin Territory with his uncle, Lewis Ludington, in 1838.

He became a partner with his uncle and Harvey Birchard in a merchandise business known as Ludington & Company, which operated out of a warehouse previously owned by Solomon Juneau. He continued with this business until 1851, when he became involved in a lumber business in partnership with Daniel Wells, Jr., and Anthony Van Schaick, known as Ludington, Wells, and Van Schaick. Over the next 40 years, their lumber business grew to become one of the largest lumber producers in the northwest states.

With his profits, Ludington accumulated a large amount of real estate in Milwaukee, which he developed and leased out. He also established a large farm in the town of Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, and became a leading promoter of the Wisconsin Agricultural Society.

Political career
Politically, Ludington was originally a Whig, but joined the Republican Party when it was organized in 1856. He was elected to the Milwaukee City Council in 1861 and 1862, and was elected mayor three times, in 1871, 1873, and 1874. The 1873 election, however, was quite irregular. In the spring general election, Ludington was defeated by his Democratic opponent, Levi Kellogg. However Kellogg was ruled ineligible because he was already holding another office. Kellogg resigned his other office, and a special election was called less than a month after the original election. In that special election, Ludington prevailed over Kellogg.

During his third term as Mayor, he was chosen as the Republican nominee for Governor of Wisconsin, challenging incumbent Democrat William Robert Taylor. In the 1875 general election, Ludington prevailed with a margin of just 601 votes.

In his capacity as governor, Harrison Ludington facilitated promotion of commercial activity. He also undid changes in the financial sector made by his predecessor. He stood against state regulation of railroads. Under his administration the infamous Potter law was repealed, which was supposed to drastically increase government intervention in the railroad business. He also replaced the railroad commission, made up of three members with powers of establishing rates for the railroads, by a single commissioner who lacked such authority. Ludington declined renomination for the position of governor in 1879 due to pressure from younger members of the Republican party.

Retirement
Following his decision not to pursue renomination for governorship, Ludington resigned from public affairs and devoted himself to conducting business. German-American artist Conrad W. Heyd painted his portrait in this period of his life.

Ludington died at his home in Milwaukee on June 17, 1891, after suffering a stroke a week earlier. He was interred in Milwaukee's historic Forest Home Cemetery.

Personal life and family
Harrison Ludington was the eldest of fifteen children born to Frederick Ludington and his wife Susannah ( Griffeth). Harrison's paternal grandfather was Colonel Henry Ludington, who commanded the 7th Regiment of Dutchess County Militia during the American Revolutionary War. He also served as an aide to General George Washington during the Battle of White Plains and served several years in the New York Legislature. Henry's daughter, Sybil Ludington (1761–1839), was famous for risking her life when she was 16 years old to warn the American militia that British troops were burning Danbury, Connecticut; these accounts, originating from the Ludington family, are questioned by modern scholars.

The Ludingtons are descendants of William Luddington, an early American colonist from England, who settled at Charlestown, Massachusetts Bay Colony, in 1632, and died at the East Haven Iron Works, Connecticut Colony, in October 1661.

Harrison Ludington married twice. He first married Frances White, on March 25, 1838, in Louisville, Kentucky. With Frances, he had two sons and four daughters before her death in 1873. On June 7, 1875, he married Emeline Tobey ( Macy), the widow of Rhodolphus H. Tobey, who survived him.

title: Harrison Ludington


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LSSR

LSSR may refer to:

 * Lake Superior Scottish Regiment, a Canadian Infantry regiment
 * Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, now Latvia
 * Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic, now Lithuania
 * Life Sciences in Space Research, a journal published by COSPAR
 * Indonesia large-scale social restrictions, Indonesian restrictions during COVID-19 pandemic

title: LSSR


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Category:Branches of psychology

Browse a.

title: Category:Branches of psychology


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Pierre Fédida

Pierre Fédida (30 October 1934, Lyon – 1 November 2002, Paris) was a French psychoanalyst, who studied under Gilles Deleuze.

title: Pierre Fédida


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User:Laura06~enwiki

Hi everybody, my name is Laura, I'm a student in an university of economics. I was born on july 6, 1987. I live in France, in a little city in the southeast, next to Nice.

I'm interested in History, Economics, Politics and Society, Music.

You can contact me with the following adress: laura.ec.m@gmail.com

title: User:Laura06~enwiki


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Talk:Coventry and North Warwickshire Sports Club

General
(Declaration of interest: I'm a member.) IMO this article is definitely needed: history back to 1851, a thriving club, and at least 4 internationals in 2 different sports. Narky Blert (talk) 20:34, 17 August 2014 (UTC)


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UCCA

UCCA may stand for:

 * Universities Central Council on Admissions, which handled applications to UK universities between 1961 and 1993
 * Ukrainian Congress Committee of America, a not-for-profit organization represents the interests of America's ethnic Ukrainians
 * University College for the Creative Arts, an art school based in England with campuses in Canterbury, Epsom, Farnham, Maidstone and Rochester
 * Ullens Center for Contemporary Art, an art center in Beijing founded in 2007 by Guy and Myriam Ullens
 * Universal Conceptual Cognitive Annotation, a semantic annotation framework for natural language text
 * UCCA Unitarian Christian Church of America formerly the Unitarian Christian Emerging Church

title: UCCA