text:
Me & My Katamari

Me & My Katamari is a 2005 third-person puzzle-action video game developed and published by Namco for the PlayStation Portable. It is the third game in the Katamari series, the first game on a portable system and the first game produced without the involvement of series creator Keita Takahashi. It is also the last Katamari game to be published by Namco as an independent company, having merged with Bandai earlier in 2005.

Gameplay
Gameplay is much like that of the previous Katamari titles. Controls differ from those of the PS2 games given that the PSP lacks the DualShock 2 dual analog sticks. The player uses the D-pad and the four face buttons to imitate the analog controls. In the North American release, there is the ability to use the thumb-nub instead of the D-pad; the original Japanese version only uses the thumb-nub to move the camera. The L and R buttons are used for tight turns.

The Sunflower Continent is the main level in the game. For variety, the time of day and season constantly change during different missions. There are five stages of the game, rising up to the World where the katamari can reach over 4000 m. In the multiplayer mode, each player owns and names their own island. A maximum of three of the player's friends can visit the island, via ad hoc network. The visitor can challenge the player in a contest of rolling the most valuables, like the Saving Red Panda stage in We Love Katamari.

Story
The King of All Cosmos and the Royal Family decide to take some time off from their celestial construction and travel to Earth for a well-earned (for the Prince at least) tropical summer vacation on their own sunny island. However, the King's over-exuberance creates a tsunami that strikes and devastates nearby Paradise Commonwealth Island. One of the residents, a turtle, washes ashore next to the Royal Family and tells them his tale. The King then decides to make new islands for the animals of the Commonwealth with several katamari. Similar to the previous Katamari titles, the King sends the Prince to the Sunflower Continent, which is full of the paraphernalia used to create new landmasses.

Reception
Me & My Katamari was met with positive reception upon release. GameRankings gave it a score of 76.31%, while Metacritic gave it 75 out of 100. By the end of 2006, the game had sold over 82,000 copies in Japan. The colourful graphics, dialogue and soundtrack were primarily praised.

title: Me & My Katamari


text:
Talk:Arthur Tolkien

Untitled
Just because one is related to a famous person does not necessarily mean that one is important or significant. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 00:32, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Articles for Deletion debate
This article survived an Articles for Deletion debate. The discussion can be found here. Owen× ☎  00:40, 29 November 2005 (UTC)

Reasons for keeping
My reasons for keeping, to be added in lieu of the AfD debate I missed (linked above), or future debates, is that this should be kept not as a primary article in itself, but as a subsidiary article to J. R. R. Tolkien. The information is verifiable, and keeping it in the main article about Tolkien would make that too long. In other words, this is a daughter article of J. R. R. Tolkien. Keep for as long as the J. R. R. Tolkien article exists. If J. R. R. Tolkien is ever deleted (yeah, right!) then delete this as well. The only other alternative is to merge this information into an article about Tolkien's family in general. Maybe Tolkien family? Carcharoth 14:08, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

An article about Tolkien's mother would also be good, as she had greater influence on him anyway. Merging sounds okay, but there's no pressing need for it so far. Uthanc 08:50, 8 December 2006 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Arthur Tolkien


text:
User talk:24.81.157.37

Nomination of Bill Switzer for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Bill Switzer is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Bill Switzer until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Cardiffbear88 (talk) 05:22, 27 July 2020 (UTC)

Nomination of Sharon Alexander for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Sharon Alexander is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Sharon Alexander until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. --- Possibly ☎ 23:21, 2 September 2021 (UTC)

Nomination of Ron Halder for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Ron Halder is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Ron Halder until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Ploni (talk) 21:51, 19 May 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:24.81.157.37


text:
User:Gamaliel/Canada

Oxford Book of Canadian Verse

link to Category:Canadian poets

 * Robert Hayman
 * Joseph Stansbury (1742?-1809)
 * Standish O'Grady (1793-1841) not Standish O'Grady, 1st Viscount Guillamore
 * Oliver Goldsmith (1794-1861) not the Irish Oliver Goldsmith
 * Charles Heavysege (1816-1876)
 * Alexander McLachlan (1818-1896)
 * Charles Sangster (1822-1893)
 * Charles Mair
 * I. Valancy Crawford (1850-1887)
 * Charles G.D. Roberts
 * Archibald Lampman
 * Wilfred Campbell
 * Bliss Carman
 * F.G. Scott
 * D.C. Scott
 * Pauline E. Johnson
 * John McCrae
 * Robert Service
 * T.G. Roberts - Theodore Goodridge Roberts
 * E.J. Pratt
 * Marjorie Pickthall
 * Kenneth Leslie
 * W.W.E. Ross
 * Raymond Knister
 * F.R. Scott
 * Robert Finch (1900-?) Robert Duer Claydon Finch
 * A.J.M. Smith
 * Ronald Everson
 * Earle Birney
 * Dorothy Roberts
 * John Glassco
 * Ralph Gustafson
 * A.M. Klein
 * Dorothy Livesay
 * Malcolm Lowry
 * Anne Wilkinson
 * Wilfred Watson
 * Irving Layton
 * George Woodcock
 * George Johnston
 * Anne Marriott
 * Douglas LePan
 * Patrick Anderson
 * R.A.D. Ford
 * Eldon Grier
 * P.K. Page
 * Miriam Waddington
 * Bertram Warr
 * Margaret Avison
 * Louis Dudek
 * Al Purdy
 * Raymond Souster
 * Elizabeth Brewster
 * Eli Mandel
 * Milton Acorn
 * Rona Murray
 * Robin Skelton
 * Colleen Thibaudeau
 * Phyllis Gotlieb
 * James Reaney
 * Francis Sparshott
 * Anne Szumigalski
 * Robert Kroetsch
 * Phyllis Webb
 * Don Coles
 * D.G. Jones
 * Jay Macpherson
 * Patrick Lane
 * Alden Nowlan
 * Joe Rosenblatt
 * Leonard Cohen
 * E.D. Blodgett
 * George Jonas
 * Pat Lowther
 * Daryl Hine
 * Lionel Kearns
 * George Bowering
 * David Helwig
 * Tom Marshall
 * John Newlove
 * John Thompson
 * J. Michael Yates
 * Margaret Atwood
 * Bill Bissett
 * David Donnell
 * Dennis Lee
 * Fred Wah
 * Frank Davey
 * Gary Geddes
 * David McFadden
 * Gwendolyn MacEwen
 * Don McKay
 * Daphne Marlatt
 * Andrew Suknaski
 * Gail Fox
 * Paulette Jiles
 * Michael Ondaatje
 * Victor Coleman
 * Brian Fawcett
 * Charles Lillard
 * Barry McKinnon
 * Sid Marty
 * Seymour Mayne
 * BP Nichol
 * Peter Van Toorn
 * Tom Wayman
 * Ken Belford
 * Robert Bringhurst
 * Sharon Thesen
 * Dale Zieroth
 * Artie Gold
 * Kristjana Gunnars
 * Marilyn Bowering
 * P. Giorgio Di Cicco
 * Doug Fetherling
 * Mary Di Michele
 * Don Domanski
 * Chris Dewdney
 * Susan Musgrave
 * Roo Borson

title: User:Gamaliel/Canada


text: User talk:69.209.159.103

title: User talk:69.209.159.103


text:
User:Fpatten

My Name is Frank Patten. I've been messing around with Apple Computers since 1990 or so. I'm currently employed as the service manager at TRG Computer Solutions in Aurora, Ontario, and have been for about 6 years. I am an Apple Certified Desktop Technician (ACDT) as well as an Apple Certified Portable Technician (ACPT). My job requires me to be up to date on all service related issues as well as staying familiar with all of the software titles available for the Apple platform.

As far as hobbies go, when I have time, I enjoy Geocaching. It gets me outside for exercise and leads me to new places to explore. I've also started doing agility with my Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever, Willow. What a blast this is.

title: User:Fpatten


text: User talk:68.5.101.229

title: User talk:68.5.101.229


text:
Cranberry River (West Virginia)

The Cranberry River is a tributary of the Gauley River located in southeastern West Virginia in the United States. It is a part of the Mississippi River watershed, by way of the Gauley, Kanawha, and Ohio Rivers, draining an area of 74 sqmi.

The river has also been known historically as Cranberry Creek. The river was named for cranberry bogs along its course.

Geography
The Cranberry River is formed in southwestern Pocahontas County by the confluence of its North and South forks. The South Fork, the longer of the two at a length of 9 mi, rises on Cranberry Mountain just west of the Highland Scenic Highway before flowing through the Cranberry Glades Botanical Area. The North Fork rises about 2 mi north on Black Mountain.

Below the confluence of its forks, the Cranberry flows for 24 mi generally westward towards its mouth at the Gauley River near Craigsville.

The Cranberry River has several pay campgrounds, free campsites, and picnic areas along its banks.

Fishing
Fish biomass production was reduced three fold and fish diversity was cut almost in half between 1957 and 1987 in the Cranberry River watershed. Although causality was never established, this was attributed to acidification from atmospheric deposition of nitric and sulfuric acid. Flow-driven liming stations were established on the Dogway Fork in 1988 and in 1993 on the North Fork just above its confluence with the South Fork of the Cranberry River. A fishable brook trout population and 13 macroinvertebrate species have been restored to the Dogway Fork since liming has begun. Smallmouth bass and rock bass have been reestablished in the treated part of the river and numbers have increased in the lower reaches.

The Cranberry River and its small tributaries are regarded as some of the finest trout streams in the eastern United States. Until recently, however, trout fishing on the south fork was limited to the lower half of the river due to acid rain. The West Virginia Division of Natural Resources has worked to counter this problem by installing a liming station on the north fork of the river.

Flow rate
At its mouth, the river's estimated mean annual flow rate is 277.08 cuft/s. A USGS stream gauge on the creek near Richwood recorded a mean annual discharge of 233.6 cuft/s during water years 1945-2019. The highest annual mean discharge during the period was 318 cuft/s in water year 1979, and the lowest was 126.2 cuft/s in water year 1999. The highest daily mean discharge during that period was 6770 cuft/s on March 21, 1984, and the lowest was 0.16 cuft/s on August 21, 1987.

title: Cranberry River (West Virginia)


text:
Hop on Pop

Hop on Pop is a 1963 children's picture book by Dr. Seuss (Theodor Seuss Geisel), published as part of the Random House Beginner Books series. The book is subtitled "The Simplest Seuss for Youngest Use", and is designed to introduce basic phonics concepts to children.

History
One of Geisel's manuscript drafts for the book contained the lines, "When I read I am smart / I always cut whole words apart. / Con Stan Tin O Ple, Tim Buk Too / Con Tra Cep Tive, Kan Ga Roo". Geisel had included the contraceptive reference to ensure that publisher Bennett Cerf was reading the manuscript. Cerf did notice the line, and the poem was changed to the following: "My father / can read / big words, too. / Like... / Constantinople / and / Timbuktu".

Reception
A popular choice of elementary school teachers and children's librarians, Hop on Pop ranked sixteenth on Publishers Weekly ' s 2001 list of the all-time best-selling hardcover books for children. Based on a 2007 online poll, the National Education Association listed the book as one of their "Teachers' Top 100 Books for Children".

One of Hop on Pop’s most notable advocates is former United States First Lady Laura Bush, who listed the book as her favourite in a 2006 Wall Street Journal article. Bush said this book with its illustrations and rhymes delighted her and her husband George and their daughters Barbara and Jenna after reading it.

In 2013, an official complaint was made to the Toronto Public Library, which claimed that the book "encouraged children to use violence against their fathers". The library decided against removing the book, finding it a humorous and well-loved children's book designed to engage children while teaching them reading skills.

title: Hop on Pop


text: Category:Japanese vocabulary

title: Category:Japanese vocabulary


text: User talk:69.165.249.74

title: User talk:69.165.249.74


text: Category:Kim Carnes albums

title: Category:Kim Carnes albums


text:
User:Stuckerj

a.k.a. Gandalf2000
Welcome to my page.

One of my significant goals is preserving civility of interaction among the heated realms of politics, religion, science, spirituality, culture, and social issues. (Whew!)

I call my life philosophy essentialism. What in the world is that?

Well, you've heard of existentialism, the idea that existence precedes essence, that you create your own reality as you go through the process of existence? I take the oppostite stance. My thesis is that I come into life not to define my existence, but to discover my "essence". The process of learning who I am will naturally flow from knowing where I came from and what I'm made of. (If you're tracking with me, don't confuse family or culture of origin with ultimate origin. Also, there are a wide variety of philosophies called "essentialism", so I should clarify. Take a look at this page where I found a good description of what I mean by essentialism in an ethical sense.)

Truth is the reality that I interact with, not the imagination I create. By discovering the essential principles undergirding life and the universe, I discover a purpose far greater than anything I could invent.

My advice to those who want to invent their own reality: Get over it! (Now, isn't that civil?)

The fun, creative part comes in figuring out how to fulfill your essential purpose. Essence >> purpose >> fulfillment.

Taking a break
For the next few months, I will be taking a break from my Wikipedia involvement in order to focus on my day job and nonprofit work. I might stop by every now and then, but otherwise, it's off my daily list. Best wishes to all.--Gandalf2000 21:25, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

Interest in discussion on a page?
Stukerj, you previously commented on the Oliver DeMille article. It is currently being revised by a couple of editors who don't see eye to eye. Would you be interested in joining the discussion to help us arrive at better quality conclusion? Ibinthinkin (talk) 15:30, 13 December 2010 (UTC)

title: User:Stuckerj


text:
User:Dragonflydaveman

I am currently (October 2005) researching Arab geographer Yaqut ibn Abd Allah al-Hamawi (1179-1229) and atttempting to fill in the stub article about this Islamic geographer, historian, philosopher, theologian, librarian and traveler. I am almost utterly ignorant of Islamic culture and am not a speaker of Arabic. Any corrections of my misspellings and guidance out of the maze of my American ethnocentrism is very much appreciated.

title: User:Dragonflydaveman


text:
Robert Heller

Robert Heller, also Joseph Heller, (born William Henry Palmer; 1826–1878) was an English magician, mentalist, and musician. The year of his birth is the subject of some speculation; some sources list it as 1829 while others claim 1830.

As the son of a famous concert pianist, Heller began his life as a musician studying at the Royal Academy of Music. After becoming fascinated with magic at age 14, Heller began copying his idol Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin, from whom he adopted his first name. Heller left his scholarship at the academy to become a professional magician. However, he gained a reputation as both a magician and a concert pianist when he arrived in New York in 1852, eventually settling permanently in the United States. For instance, he gave the first American performance of Ludwig van Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 5 in the Boston Music Hall on 4 March 1854, accompanied by the orchestra of the Germania Musical Society led by future New York Philharmonic conductor Carl Bergmann.

A reporter for the St. Louis Luminary, recorded his impressions of a Robert Heller magic performance of February 7, 1855, in Washington D.C.:

 * At night I went to see the performance of an acrobatic Macromancer by the name of Robert Heller, who performed some wonderful feats. He caused an orange tree to bloom and bring forth fruit. Real ripe oranges which were distributed among the crowd, and afterward butterflies came out from among its leaves. A boy was suspended upon two poles, one placed under each arm about midway from the elbow to the shoulder and the stool upon which he stood was then taken from under his feet. The boy was entirely senseless, choloriform (sic) having been administered unto him. The poles had no fastenings, but were set loose upon the floor. One of the poles was then taken from under his left arm, which left him suspended by one arm, his left hand was then touched by the Necromancer when it fell to his side; his right hand was then raised so as to rest his face upon it. His feet were then directed to a horizontal position with his head and thus he remained suspended for sometime — his whole body resting upon noting save the right arm upon the end of the pole. Money, handkerchiefs and many other articles were passed from under silver vases on one table to others at another part of the stage without seemingly any human agency. Many other wonderful feats were performed by this great Necromancer.

Heller married one of his pupils, the daughter of a wealthy Washington resident and would eventually return to New York. Deciding to try his magic act again, Heller abandoned the accent and image of before and focused on the presentation of his illusions. His tour that spanned from 1869 to 1875 became a success throughout much of the United States, Great Britain, Europe, and Asia. Heller's success prompted fellow magician Harry Kellar to change his name as to avoid the impression that he was copying the greatness of Heller.

Heller retired from magic after his successful tour. He spent the remaining years of his life performing and teaching piano in Washington, D.C. In 1878, Heller died suddenly of pneumonia in Philadelphia, United States and was buried in Mount Moriah Cemetery in Yeadon, Pennsylvania.

title: Robert Heller


text:
Rhys Lloyd (American football)

Rhys John Lloyd (born 5 June 1982) is a former American football kickoff specialist. He was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football at Minnesota.

Lloyd was also a member of the Green Bay Packers, Frankfurt Galaxy, Carolina Panthers, Minnesota Vikings, and New York Giants.

Early life
Lloyd began playing football after moving from England to the United States at 15 years old. He attended Eastview High School in Apple Valley, Minnesota and lettered in football and soccer.

College career
Lloyd was a two-time All-American placekicker for Rochester Community and Technical College. He was later the placekicker, kickoff man and punter for the Minnesota Golden Gophers from 2003 to 2004. He kicked the game-winning field goal in the 2003 Sun Bowl.

Early NFL career
Lloyd entered the NFL draft, but had to sign as an undrafted free agent after the 2005 draft with the Baltimore Ravens, who released him before the start of the regular season. On 10 April 2006, he was signed by the Green Bay Packers; however, he was subsequently released on 1 May 2006.

NFL Europa
Rhys was signed by the Frankfurt Galaxy of the NFL Europa in 2007. He was named the NFL Europa special teams player of the week in week 3 by tying the league record for the longest field goal in League history with a 56 yarder. Lloyd had signed with the Frankfurt Galaxy at the conclusion of NFL Europa kicking camp in Tampa, Florida. He played the 2006-2007 season in Europe and then came back to the US.

Return to NFL
Lloyd signed with the Baltimore Ravens again as a free agent in 2007 and made an impressive 55-yard field goal in the Ravens preseason finale against Atlanta and, subsequently, survived the Ravens final cut and signed with the team for the regular season as a kicker. He went back and forth between being on the active roster, on the practice squad, and being a free agent.

Lloyd was claimed off waivers by the Carolina Panthers on 26 December 2007. He signed a multi-year contract with the team in 2008. The Panthers used Lloyd as a kickoff specialist, with veteran placekicker John Kasay handling the field goal duties. Lloyd led the NFL in 2008 in touchbacks on kickoffs with 30 on the season. Lloyd signed with the Minnesota Vikings on 8 March 2010. This deal put him back near his alma mater Eastview High School in Apple Valley, Minnesota. He was released by the Vikings on 4 September 2010.

Carolina signed Rhys Lloyd on 14 September 2010. Their previous kickoff starter, Todd Carter (who started the first game of the Panthers 2010 season) was suffering from back spasms, and was cut to allow roster space for Lloyd. On 16 August 2011, Lloyd signed with the New York Giants. He was released during final preseason cuts on 3 September 2011.

title: Rhys Lloyd (American football)


text: File:Shashavaglava.jpg

title: File:Shashavaglava.jpg


text:
Jonas R. McClintock

Jonas Roup McClintock (January 8, 1808 – November 25, 1879) was an American physician and Democratic politician from Pennsylvania who served as the 8th Mayor of Pittsburgh from 1836 to 1839. He also served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1850 to 1854 and the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 22nd district from 1854 to 1856.

Early life and education
Jonas Roup McClintock was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1808 to John and Elizabeth (Roup) McClintock. He graduated from Western University of Pennsylvania, the forerunner to the University of Pittsburgh, and received a M.D. degree from the University of Maryland Medical School in 1830. He rose to local prominence due to his efforts in treating Pittsburgh residents during the cholera epidemics in the early 1830s. In 1832 he organized Pittsburgh's first board of health. He was a member of the local vigilance committee and Captain of the Vigilant Fire Company.

Career
He became mayor of Pittsburgh at age 28. He was the youngest mayor in Pittsburgh (until Luke Ravenstahl) and was known affectionately as the "Boy Mayor". His administration established the Pittsburgh Police Department. He also implemented major infrastructure improvements in the city including the original "cut" of Grant's Hill, a steep bluff boxing the city in on the east. The "cut" allowed for settlement of an area of the city previously uninhabitable because of the grade of the land. The city also expanded during his time as mayor with the annexation of the Northern Liberties Borough.

He worked as a melter and refiner at the Philadelphia Mint from 1840 to 1847.

McClintock served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives from 1850 to 1854 and the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 22nd district from 1854 to 1856. As a state senator, he sponsored legislation which established free secondary education in Pennsylvania.

After leaving public service, he worked in the iron business and farming.

During the U.S. Civil War, McClintock help organize a troop company of over 3,500 men. He was the first captain of the 12th Pennsylvania Infantry Regiment also known as the Duquesne Grays. He died in 1879 and was interred in Allegheny Cemetery.

title: Jonas R. McClintock


text:
Bibeltemplet

Bibeltemplet (the Bible temple) is a Christian website in Sweden, whose administrator Leif Liljeström was sentenced in April 2005 to two months in prison for expressing hateful views on homosexuality. The case was appealed twice, and the Supreme Court of Sweden acquitted Liljeström in November 2007.

Court of first instance
According to the lower court in 2005, the administrator was guilty of "incitement against a group of people" for statements he himself had written, and for crime against "the law on electronic bulletin boards", for guest-messages which he neglected to delete. Liljeström told the court that his purpose is to preach the gospel and win people for Jesus, and that the truth is needed to awake people. Among the statements that led to the verdict were the following: "The modern homophilia is the source and engine behind the AIDS-epidemic", and "AIDS is a punishment from God against sodomy". The view that there should be a "death penalty for homosexual acts" was also uttered on the website by a guest, but that was repudiated by Leif Liljeström directly in the forum. Still, he was convicted to prison also for the guest's statements.

Appeals Court
In April 2006, an appeals court in Gothenburg acquitted Liljestrom of the hate-speech and website content charges, but found him guilty of being an accomplice to hate-speech for allowing third parties to post offensive material on his website. The appeals court sentenced Liljestrom to one month's imprisonment.

The Supreme Court
Liljestrom then filed an appeal to the Gothenburg court decision. The Supreme Court in Stockholm decided to accept the case, and on November 7, 2007, after more than four years of struggle (counting from the day he was reported to the police in October, 2003), he was finally acquitted of all charges.

The case has many similarities with the case of Åke Green, and is expected to be seen as a guideline for coming justice in Sweden.

title: Bibeltemplet


text: User talk:216.229.197.108

title: User talk:216.229.197.108


text:
Dried meat

Dried meat is a feature of many cuisines around the world. Examples include:
 * Kulen Slanina Pečenica
 * Aliya, sun-dried meat from Kenya
 * Bakkwa or rougan, Chinese salty-sweet dried meat sheets.
 * Biltong, a cured meat that originated in Southern Africa.
 * Bògoǫ, a dried and smoked meat, often caribou, of the Dené people of northern Canada.
 * Borts, air-dried strips of horse or cow meat used as traveling food or to last the winter in Mongolia. Often ground into powder and mixed with water to create soup.
 * Bresaola, air-dried salted beef originally from the Valtellina valley in northern Italy.
 * Brési, made in the canton of Jura and in Jura Bernois in Switzerland and in the department of Doubs in France.
 * Bündnerfleisch, air-dried meat from Kanton Graubünden in Switzerland.
 * Carne-de-sol, sun-dried salt beef from Brazil.
 * Carne seca, air-dried meat from Mexico.
 * Cecina, lightly smoked, dried, and salted meat from northwestern Spain (Asturias, León, Cantabria), Cuba, Nicaragua and Mexico.
 * Charqui, made from llama or alpaca, in South America.
 * Chipped beef, partially dried beef sold in small, thin, flexible leaves in jars or plastic packets.
 * Droëwors, from South Africa, dried sausage
 * Fenalår from Norway is the salted, dried thigh of a sheep predominantly, but it can also come from other animals such as roe deer, deer, moose or reindeer.
 * Hunter beef, a corned beef from Pakistan marinated and baked for use in sandwiches and salads.
 * Idiyirachi is a traditional Kerala-style delicacy made of pounded and shredded buffalo dry meat.
 * Jerky, meat that has been trimmed of fat, cut into strips, marinated, and dried or smoked.
 * Kawaab, air-dried, spiced meat of the Hyderabadi community of India.
 * Kilishi, a dried, spicy Nigerian meat. Coated with a peanut sauce as well as other spices.
 * Kuivaliha, air-dried salted meat (often reindeer) of northern Finland.
 * Laap mei, also called "wax meats" or air-dried meats, are a southern Chinese speciality.
 * Lahndi or qadid, air-dried salted meat (often lamb) of Pushtoon Tribe of Pakistan, Northern Afghanistan and Northern Africa (gueddid).
 * Mipku, air-dried strips of meat, often caribou or reindeer, of the Inuvialuit people of Northern Canada.
 * Pânsâwân, smoked dried strips of bison meat traditionally of the plains Cree peoples of Western Canada and the United States.
 * Pastirma, air-dried salted and often spiced meat of in Armenia, Greece, Turkey, and the Balkans.
 * Pemmican, a meat mixture, sometimes with dried fruit, used by the native peoples of North America.
 * Pindang, dried buffalo meat from the Philippines.
 * Po, dried meat in Korean cuisine.
 * Yukpo, dried beef in Korean cuisine.
 * Rauchfleisch, salted and cold smoked meat used in regional German, Austrian, and Bavarian cuisine
 * Sukhad, dried game meat from Bhopal, India.
 * Suho meso, a smoked beef eaten in Bosnia.
 * Sukuti, air-dried, spiced meat of the Newari community of Nepal.
 * Uppukandam, dried boneless salted mutton from Tamil Nadu in India
 * Vatti Mamsam or Endu Mamsam is fresh meat of goat, sheep, beef dried in sun mixed with turmeric and salt from Rayalaseema, Andhra Pradesh in India.
 * Walliser Rohschinken, air-dried ham from Kanton Wallis in Switzerland.
 * Walliser Trockenfleisch, air-dried beef from Kanton Wallis in Switzerland.
 * Walliser Trockenspeck, air-dried bacon from Kanton Wallis in Switzerland.
 * Walliser Trockenwurst, air-dried sausage from Kanton Wallis in Switzerland.
 * Gakhaj, sun or oven-dried meat from Gakh region in Azerbaijan.

title: Dried meat


text:
Lapo Elkann

Lapo Edovard Elkann (born 7 October 1977) is an Italian businessman, philanthropist, and socialite. He is the chairman, founder, and majority shareholder (53.37%) of the Italia Independent Group. He is also the president and founder of Garage Italia Customs and Independent Ideas, as well as a member of the board of directors of Ferrari N.V. and responsible for the promotion of the Fiat Group brand. He is the great-grandson of Fiat S.p.A. founder Giovanni Agnelli, the grandson of Gianni Agnelli, who is the former controlling CEO and controlling shareholder of Fiat Automobiles, and the brother of John Elkann.

Early life and family
A member of the Agnelli family and named after the 12th-century Italian poet Lapo Gianni, Elkann was born in New York City, the son of Countess Margherita Agnelli de Pahlen and the American-born Italian writer Alain Elkann. His father is Jewish and his mother is Catholic. He is the brother of John Elkann, the chairman of Fiat and the chairman and CEO of Exor, an investment company controlled by the Agnelli family, which also owns Juventus FC Elkann is a grandson of Fiat chairman Gianni Agnelli and Marella Agnelli. He is nephew of Don Carlo Caracciolo, member of the House of Caracciolo, founder of Gruppo Editoriale L'Espresso and owner of the newspaper la Repubblica, the Italian daily general-interest newspaper. Elkann is also a stepson of a Russian nobleman, Count Sergei de Pahlen. Elkann has a filmmaker sister, Ginevra Elkann, and five half-siblings by his mother's second marriage. They are named: Maria, Pierre, Sophia, Anna, and Tatiana. He is a great-grandnephew of Ettore Ovazza, of the Ovazza banking family, via his grandmother, Carla Ovazza.

In a discussion about his childhood with Silvia Toffanin, Elkann said: "I didn't love it very much. I was a dyslexic, hyperactive child, suffering from attention deficit, and since I was always behind at school, I wanted to prove that I was strong." He graduated from the lycée et collège Victor-Duruy in Paris and from the European Business School London in international relations. He performed military service in the Alpini corps as a soldier in the Alpine Brigade "Taurinense". According to those who know him and his two-year older brother well, they spoke of many similarities, such as the attachment to the family and particularly the grandfather, but also of many differences. In 2004, the elder Elkann was described as serious and rigorous, in contrast to the expansive and creative younger Elkann, who was in charge of operational marketing at Fiat, where he went to work at the Mirafiori plant every morning driving a Fiat Panda rather than a Lancia Ypsilon, the model he personally helped to launch. From their father, the two Elkanns share the Jewish faith, which represented the first time that young heirs brought with them values and ethics that were different from those of the Catholic Agnelli family.

Career
As is tradition in the education of the offspring of the Agnelli family, Elkann began his career in 1994 as a metal worker on the assembly line of Piaggio in Pontedera under the pseudonym of Lapo Rossi. During this period, he also participated in a strike action to demand an improvement of the uncomfortable working conditions in the assembly line. In 2001, Elkann worked as a personal assistant to Henry Kissinger, who had just been appointed chairman of the 9/11 Commission and was an old friend of his grandfather, Gianni Agnelli. He subsequently continued his work experience, which he started with different roles in Salomon Smith Barney and Danone, and worked as marketing associate for Ferrari and Maserati, where he spent four and a half years at the marketing office. Following Agnelli's worsening health conditions, Elkann decided to return to Italy in 2002 to be close to him. In 2003, he became Fiat's director of marketing.

Upon joining Fiat, Elkann asked to be able to take care of corporate promotion and communication, believing that the Fiat brand was suffering in this field, especially in the youth sector. He promoted the group's image by launching different types of gadgets, including sweatshirts worn by himself, with the vintage logo of the car manufacturer, and the launch of the Fiat Grande Punto. In 2004, with the appointment of his brother John Elkann as the group's vice-chairman, he became responsible for promotion for the three brands: Fiat, Alfa Romeo, and Lancia. In this period, he oversaw the worldwide launch of the new Fiat 500. Elkann resigned from his position in 2005. This came after he was being widely reported as having a serious cocainism and heroin addiction.

After a period of convalescence, Elkann returned to Italy in January 2007. Along with Andrea Tessitore and Giovanni Accongiagioco, he founded Italia Independent, a company specializing in the production and sale of luxury eyewear, accessories, and clothing under the initials I–I, characterized by the possibility offered to the buyer to customize the product to be purchased. The first product, presented at Pitti Men in January 2007, was an eyewear model made entirely of carbon fibre. The company then developed a line of clothing, accessories, and with several collaborations in home and automotive decorations. In addition to eyewear, also launched were jewellery, a watch, a bicycle, and skateboard for urban transport. The company was listed on the Milan Stock Exchange, on the AIM segment, on 28 June 2013.

On 4 July 2007, Elkann founded the Independent Ideas creative agency together with Alberto Fusignani and Ivanmaria Vele, whose activity was documented for three months in the Idee in progress program of the satellite television channel Fox Life. From 30 October 2007 to June 2008, he was honorary president of the Italian Volleyball League club Sparkling Volley Milano; he is an international ambassador for the Milan Triennale, an ambassador for Tel HaShomer Hospital in Tel Aviv, and a board member of various companies, such as the auction house Phillips.

Elkann and the Independent Ideas agency participated together with the Centro Stile Fiat and Frida Giannini in the "500 by Gucci" project, launched in Milan on 23 February 2011,  and at the Geneva Motor Show on 1 March 2011. In October 2011, he received the America Award from the Italy–USA Foundation. In December 2011, Elkann launched the Ferrari Tailor Made project together with Luca Cordero di Montezemolo to build a tailor-made Ferrari, personalized on the specific requests of the customer. He also started a partnership project with ToyWatch, at the time owned by Gianluca Vacchi, producing a special edition of 1,007 ToyWatch watches combined with Italia Independent sunglasses from the I-Wear series. A Second Unique Edition followed the next year. In July 2013, he was honoured with the Automotive Hall of Fame's Young Leader & Excellence Award, the first member of the Agnelli family to receive it after his great-great-grandfather, Giovanni Agnelli.

In January 2017, Elkann joined the board of directors of Ferrari N.V., the holding company that controls the homonymous car manufacturer. In December 2017, he inaugurated in Milan, in Piazzale Accursio, in an old Agip service station built by Mario Bacciocchi in the 1950s and renovated by Michele De Lucchi, Garage Italia Food & Restaurant, a joint venture with chef Carlo Cracco, to combine food-engines events, that was announced in 2015. In April 2019, the restaurant closed and the company passed entirely under the control of Laps to Go, Elkann's holding company. In February 2019, the venture capital fund Talent EuVeca, chaired by Giovanna Dossena, entered Italia Independent with a capital increase, which in the meantime became Italia Independent Group after it closed the 2018 financial statements with income in the red,  and had to sell various assets. Dossena came to hold 25.44% while Elkann remained the largest shareholder at 53.92%.

Italia Independent Group closed 2021 with a turnover of €11.54 million, an increase of 1.7% compared to the €11.35 million obtained in the previous year. The final result was negative for €24.1 million, compared to the loss of €2.81 million recorded in 2020, as a result of write-downs and provisions for €18.12 million. At the end of December 2021, net debt had risen to €19.28 million, compared to €15.55 million at the beginning of the year. In a press release, the company said: "Despite the commitment made by management and the support of shareholders, Italia Independent has not managed to achieve the results envisaged in the business plans also due to external circumstances which have further aggravated the situation: the Covid emergency and the consequent lockdowns in various geographies, the instability of the markets, and the adverse macroeconomic context which has caused an increase and difficulty in procuring raw materials and the consequent growth in inflation." The statement added that "the company is open to evaluating reasonable measures such as to favour the redeployment of employees."

Art collection
Elkann is an art lover with a collection of contemporary art that includes original paintings by Andy Warhol, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Damien Hirst, Roy Lichtenstein, and rising contemporary artists, such as Teddy McDonald and Ian Berry, who made his portrait out of denim.

Car marketing and customization
Elkann coordinated marketing for the Fiat Punto, Fiat Grande Punto, and Fiat 500. For Garage Italia Customs, an atelier that he founded in 2015, and that customizes cars,   he was behind the Vintage Icon-e, the Fiat 500's electric car, and the Fiat Panda's electric versions, and also created a grass-like green Fiat 500, a golden Fiat 500 for Paco Rabanne, a special, limited edition in 1958 units of the Fiat 500 Spiaggina '58,   and KarMasutra's Fiat 500 special edition.

In 2011, Elkann worked with Gucci's creative director, Frida Giannini, on developing the Gucci Special Edition of the Fiat 500, and consulted with Ferrari, running Ferrari Tailor Made, which enables customers to customize their car. This was followed by the Abarth 500 Pied de Poule, which was acquired in 2020 for €37,700 from a Swiss investment vehicle launched by the Jalopy LTD fund. In 2015, he designed the Fiat 500X Black Tie. This was followed in 2016 by a special BMW i8 Futurism Edition,  which was presented to BMW's design director Adrian van Hooydonk.

Fashion
In 2007, Elkann created Italia Independent, a lifestyle and clothing brand featuring Italian products. That same year, he founded Independent Ideas, a communication and advertising agency. In 2011, Italia Independent and ToyWatch of Gianluca Vacchi presented a special edition of 1,007 copies of watches called Unique Edition. In June 2013, Elkann listed Italia Independent on the Milan Stock Exchange. In 2017, he and his brother had to reinvest in Italia Independent after its share price plunged from €40 to €4.4 following disappointing sales and mismanagement.

Elkann was elected by Vanity Fair four times in a row in its International Best Dressed List, most recently in 2008, and he was added to its Best Dressed Hall of Fame in 2009; in doing so, he joined his grandparents, Gianni and Marella Agnelli, about whom in 2020 he said: "My grandfather Gianni gave and taught me a lot. He is one of the people I loved the most in my life together with my grandmother Marella." In 2010, Elkann made GQ's list of the world's 25 Sexiest Men. Newsweek described him as having "what the Italians call sprezzatura, the art of making elegance and intelligence so natural they seem accidental."

Ferrari
Among the many cars owned by Elkann, several of them are Ferraris. A known presence to Formula One Grands Prix, particularly the Italian Grand Prix in Monza, Elkann is a supporter of Scuderia Ferrari, of which his brother serves as chairman through Ferrari. The team's last World Drivers' Championship win dates back to 2007 with Kimi Raikkonen. Before that, Ferrari had a period of dominance in the early 2000s, winning five consecutive World Drivers' Championships with Michael Schumacher and six consecutive World Constructors' Championships under the Schumacher pairings with Eddie Irvine (1999) and Rubens Barrichello (2000–2004), the last of which was won in 2008, between 1999 and 2004. In an interview to Oggi, Elkann said: "[Gianni Agnelli] saved the Prancing Horse, preventing it from being sold to the Americans. Then he chose the right people: [former Ferrari chairman] Luca di Montezemolo and Jean Todt. He loved Ferrari cars and he loved all the beautiful things in life. It's not enough to be rich to appreciate beauty. Taste cannot be bought." About Schumacher, who suffered a skiing accident in 2013, Elkann wished him a happy 54th birthday in 2023 with the message: "Happy birthday to you dear Michael Schumacher. You don't know how much we miss you and how many joys you have given us. We always await you with open arms. You are unique and inimitable."

Juventus F.C.
Unlike other members of the Agnelli–Elkann family like his brother, John Elkann, and his cousin, Andrea Agnelli, Elkann did not hold any role in the association football club Juventus. He remains a supporter of the club, got the club's emblem tattooed on his right arm,  among his many tattoos,  and engages with tifosi on social media. In February 2023, some observers and commentators, after the club's technocratic management was over, made the name of Elkann as a future Juventus chairman; both Exor, the family holding company, and Elkann denied this. That same month, he criticized Evelina Christillin, a member of the FIFA Council, for her negative comments about the budget situation of the club.

Yachting
Elkann shares his grandfather's love for yachting, which served as inspiration for his home in Milan. The house was subject of a photoshoot by Architectural Digest. About his inspiration from the nautical world, he said: "I don't like houses, so I decided that this place would be redesigned to look like a ship and evoke the ocean."

Politics
Elkann said he is not interested in politics and that it is not his job. In October 2019, he was involved in a diatribe with Matteo Salvini, who had mocked him by referring his past drug abuse. Elkann criticized Salvini's anti-immigrant policies and rhetoric. He said: "I am in favour of NGOs that help people at sea. I also find it quite shameful that none of the institutions were present in Lampedusa due to the tragedy of migrants that has taken place – as an Italian it makes me sad. ... I don't like the word migrants, it seems to me disparaging and not respectful. I like the word new Italians. I don't like Salvini, I don't like his behavior on the issue of migrants because I consider it dissolutive and not constructive." About the role of Europe, he said: "Italy is the country that has the largest number of people arriving from various areas of the world where there are wars, suffering, and pain. We are the first to receive them, and Sicily is the area that receives the most. Europe must help and support Italy more."

Personal life
Elkann is 1.72 m tall. A Jew on his father's side, he converted to Judaism in 2009. About his faith, Elkann told Verissimo: "I believe in God, and I pray a lot. I also feel close to the Jewish world, because first of all they saved me. And then I adore Israel." Passionate about new technologies and languages, over the years he learned to speak Italian, French, English, Portuguese, and Spanish. He said his best friend is his brother, John Elkann.

Elkann had many flirtings that were widely reported by gossip magazines. He had relationships with actress Martina Stella, socialite Bianca Brandolini d'Adda, businesswoman Goga Ashkenazi, actress Zhu Zhu, and gallerist Carlotta Loverini Botta. By 2020, he was single, wished to become a father, and said that if he had a daughter, he would like to call her Italia. On 7 October 2021, Elkann married the Portuguese former rally raid racer Joana Lemos, and they moved to Lisbon. He met Lemos during a 2020 dinner in Portugal. Through the previous marriage of Lemos to Manuel Reymão Nogueira, which ended in 2014 after 18 years, Elkann is the father of two children: Tomás and Martim.

On 11 October 2005, Elkann was hospitalized in serious conditions in the intensive care unit of the Mauriziano Hospital in Turin due to an overdose of a mix of opiates and cocaine after a night in the company of several people including a transgender woman who was the first to call an ambulance. Subsequently, he resigned from his positions in Fiat and moved to Arizona, where he began rehabilitation therapy, to continue with a period of convalescence in a family residence in Miami. About his past addictions, Elkann told Verissimo: "When you are alone, at a certain point you don't know how to deal with fragility. Substances destroy your life, and I have had problems. For me, the substance use was a way to anesthetize a pain I felt in me. Unfortunately I paid the consequences several times. I've done enough harm to myself, from now on I want more."

In December 2019, Elkann was involved in a car accident in Tel Aviv,  where he was hospitalized;   he was there as part of a car trip. After recovering from a ten-day coma, he moved to a clinic in Switzerland, and was seen on a wheelchair for a while; the accident led him to a change of lifestyle. In addition to working with the Laps Foundation, a non-profit organization created in 2016 in support of children with dyslexia, learning disabilities, abuses, addictions, and discriminations, he was involved in supporting the Italian Red Cross in the donations of shopping vouchers intended for the most needy families during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. He said: "I've decided to change my life, to help others, support others and do everything I can." The campaign, which raised over €400,000, won the 2021 UEFA Foundation for Children award. Through Laps, he leased a Boeing to take 150 Ukrainian refugees to safety, along with ten dogs and five cats, in April 2022.

In October 2013, Elkann gave an interview to Beatrice Borromeo, of Il Fatto Quotidiano, in which he said that he had suffered sexual abuse at the age of 13 when he had been sent to study in a Jesuit college; the Jesuits denied that he was one of their students. In an October 2020 interview to the Corriere della Sera, Elkann described his mother, Margherita Agnelli de Pahlen, as struggling with self-harm and accused her of destroying the family,  having it split in two. Into the 2020s, the de Pahlens remain involved in a dispute with the Elkanns over Gianni Agnelli's inheritance. The lawsuit proceedings started in November 2022.

Legal issues
In October 2005, Elkann was found unconscious and naked in the apartment of Donato Broco, who was described as a 53-year-old transsexual prostitute known as Patrizia. He was brought to the hospital, where he was in a coma for three days. Police investigated him at the time for cocaine use and soliciting prostitution. The Italian photographer Fabrizio Corona attempted to blackmail the Agnelli family for compromising information against Elkann. Marco Durante, head of LaPresse (agency), an international photographic agency, was hired by the Agnelli family to negotiate with Corona and manage the situation.

In early December 2014, as reported by Il Giorno, Elkann was secretly filmed during a party with two brothers who allegedly blackmailed him in exchange for silence. The two blackmailers were arrested and Elkann's lawyer contested the derogatory statements against his client.

On 27 November 2016, as reported by the New York Daily News, The Daily Beast, and The Hollywood Reporter, Elkann was arrested in New York City, after a drug and sex party in Manhattan, for making a false police report claiming that he had been unlawfully imprisoned. After having run out of money available to him, he contacted his family; according to what a United States official told the Associated Press, Elkann stated that he would be harmed if they did not pay a $10,000 ransom. He was accompanied by a transsexual escort who was also arrested,  and Elkann later confessed that he made up the story. Charges against Elkann and the escort were later dropped.

On 12 September 2020, Elkann was stopped twice by the police. The first case was due to speeding in a Ferrari, while the second time he was found in possession of three to four grams of cocaine.

title: Lapo Elkann


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Jack White (reporter)

Jack White (1942 – October 12, 2005) was an American journalist. He won the 1974 Pulitzer Prize in National Reporting for his coverage of President Richard Nixon's underpayment of income taxes. White's investigative article prompted Nixon to utter his famous line, "I am not a crook" to White's colleague Joseph Ungaro at a newspaper editors' conference in Florida. White also won Emmy Awards for his reporting on fugitive banker Joe Mollicone and Providence tax officials who violated the city's residency requirement. On his death, the Cape Cod Times called him "the dean of Rhode Island journalism."

Newspaper career
White began his career at the Newport Daily News in 1969, and joined the Providence Journal-Evening Bulletin a year later. At the Journal, he was Newport Bureau chief and head of the newspaper's first permanent investigative team.

Nixon scandal
As manager of the Providence Journal-Bulletin's bureau in Newport, Rhode Island, in the early 1970s, White cultivated trusted sources among Newport's elite. One source passed on to White evidence that President Richard Nixon had paid taxes amounting to $792.81 in 1970 and $878.03 in 1971, despite earning more than $400,000. White revealed that Nixon had illegally back-dated the donation of his papers to the National Archives, in order to avoid a new law which made such donations ineligible for tax deductions.

White's Pulitzer-winning scoop almost didn't happen. The night he was prepared to write the story, in September 1973, the union representing reporters at the newspaper voted to go on strike. White would later recall rolling the story out of his typewriter, folding it up and putting it in his wallet. He said he never thought about giving the story to management, even though he risked missing the story. "I was dreading the information I had was going to get out there. Every day I was checking out-of-town newspapers," he later told The Providence Journal. Twelve days later, the strike ended, and the story ran on October 3, 1973.

At an Associated Press Managing Editors convention the following month, White's colleague Joseph Ungaro asked Nixon about the story. Nixon's answer became associated with the President for the rest of his life: "People have got to know whether or not their president is a crook. Well, I am not a crook." Nixon agreed to pay back taxes, which, with interest, amounted to $476,451. He ultimately only paid $465,000, the sum from the second IRS audit.

The story won White the 1974 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting.

When White died in 2005, he still had not revealed his sources for the Nixon tax story. But the leak of Nixon's tax records were traced to a photocopy machine in the Internal Revenue Service's service center in Martinsburg, West Virginia. One unnamed agency employee quit to avoid being fired.

Transition to television
White made the transition to television in 1979, when he joined the investigative team at WBZ-TV in Boston. He worked as a reporter and columnist for the Cape Cod Times from 1981 to 1984 before joining WPRI-TV in Rhode Island as chief investigative reporter in 1985.

RINPR called him "the dean of investigative reporters in Rhode Island", citing a 2001 example when former Providence mayor Buddy Cianci said he learned about his own indictment when Jack White reported on it.

Personal life
White was married and had four children. He died in 2005 at Cape Cod Hospital in Barnstable, Massachusetts at the age of 63.

White's son, Tim White, succeeded him as the chief investigative reporter at WPRI-TV in 2006.

title: Jack White (reporter)


text: Template:Katamari

title: Template:Katamari


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User talk:Dapto@mailinator.com

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you have any questions, check out Where to ask a question or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome!
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Re Dapto, New South Wales: Sorry if I inadvertently reverted some of your good edits as well. As you could see, there was a lot of rubbish in some of those other anonymous edits, and I had trouble separating the good from the bad. Thankyou for coming back and restoring the right version. --Scott Davis Talk 00:42, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dapto@mailinator.com


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Category talk:Metrology

I believe that there are enough links to the Metrology article that it has earned subcategory status. I believe that it should be a subcategory of Science because it is a separately recognized scientific field of study. I also believe it should be a subcategory of Manufacturing as metrology is integral to commerce. Metrology in the USA is controlled through the Department of Commerce though the NIST. I will leave this article as is but utilize the first paragraph to start the Metrology subcategory. I may have to ultimately remove some of the categories for this article though to prevent looping. Your inputs on how to best effect this change are appreciated.--David.c.h 00:17, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Reason for reverting category
It is obvious that the creator of the last change was confusing meteorology (the study of the weather) with metrology (the science of measurement). They are two entirely different fields of study. I would also ask that all future contributors to this page remember the common courtesy of indicating the reasons for their changes in this discussion page. While meteorology is indeed an “Earth Science”, metrology is the language and methodology of all scientific studies and deserves a higher classification.--David.c.h 02:58, 22 November 2005 (UTC)

Categorization of this category
Would it be reasonable to make this category a subcategory of either Category:Methodology or Category:Applied mathematics or both? User:Ceyockey 01:10, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Ceyockey: I am game for you to add this as a subcategory to just about everything of a scientific or mathematical nature. Metrology; in my opinion, is the precursor to them all. All of the scientific fields are dependant upon making observations of nature and then drawing conclusions upon those observations. Metrology is the means of making those observations somewhat repeatable and confirmable by others. However, I would ask that you do not delete this as a subcategory of science. The reason I placed this in Science and in manufacturing is that I believe it to be at a higher level than just an article.  I also believe that both science and commerce are dependent upon metrology.  If I had my way, Category:Metrology would be a top level category with Category:Science or Category:Manufacturing subcategories of it.  However, I know that it would be a hard sell to the rest of the community.  Please refer to Categorization before making any changes though. Also, be very careful about creating loops or unwanted misdirections. Also, I am very interested in hearing your opinions on why you wish to place this as a subcategory of either Category:Methodology or Category:Applied mathematics. I think we could have a great discussion on this subject.  Have a great day.--David.c.h 07:59, 28 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I think it's fine to have this as a first-level subcategory of Category:Science. As for the Methodology and Applied mathematics categories, one cannot have methodology without measurement (in some form) and much of applied mathematics deals with the mathematics of measurement.  As for cycles (loops), these are sometimes useful but generally to be avoided, agreed. User:Ceyockey 19:41, 28 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Ceyockey: We are in agreement on this topic. I suggest you go ahead with the changes you proposed.  This entire categorization scheme used by Wikipedia has me totally baffled in any event. Have a great day.  I look forward to more of your inputs.  --David.c.h 18:07, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

Reason for revert to subcategory of Science
Mdd: The common courtesy here is to discuss the reasons for your changes to an article on this discussion page. As you gave no justification for your recategorizing of this subject, I am reverting it back to a subcategory of Science. Metrology is indeed a separately identified Science by the international community. Please read the category header for references to metrology as a science. The fact that I have a "Science" degree in Metrology also makes me tend to believe that a few universities around the world also consider metrology to be a separately identifiable science. I am; however, willing and eager to hear your arguements for removing this from the science category. Let's talk. --David.c.h 09:37, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Metrology


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Talk:Hardpan

Cleanup
I noticed a lack of citations and sources so I added a cleanup tag.

I think that it could also use better layout and organization.

LQ 00:44, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 17:09, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hardpan


text: User talk:70.30.20.14

title: User talk:70.30.20.14


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Natasha Wright

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was deleted as worthless garbage hoax. DS 02:54, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

Natasha Wright
The idea of a Pacific Island unknown to atlases or google called "Natasha Wright" has set off by bullshitometer. Looks likely to be an abstruse and esoteric attempt at vanity. "Delete" unless evidence of a real island of this name is found. Grutness...  wha?  00:44, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Figs on the island grow on FOI trees (figments of imagination). Moriori 00:48, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete hoax --Rogerd 05:29, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Roger abakharev 05:47, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unverifiable Eaglizard 12:47, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity article, of a sort Mrmooky 13:53, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Privat  e   Butcher  21:45, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - hoax CLW 22:19, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete same as above Fsdfs 23:47, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Robert Luketic

Robert Luketic (born 1 November 1973) is an Australian film director. His films include Legally Blonde (2001), Monster-in-Law (2005), 21 (2008), Killers (2010), and Paranoia (2013).

Early life
Robert Luketic was born in Sydney, Australia, the elder of two children of a Croatian father and Italian mother. He is openly gay.

Career
Luketic started making short films as a teenager and went on to study at the Victorian College of Arts – School of Film and Television (VCA).

He first attracted Hollywood's attention with his award-winning short film Titsiana Booberini written by Tania Lacy. After screening to much acclaim at several festivals within Australia, Titsiana Booberini became a hit at many internationally renowned festivals including the Sundance Film Festival. It won "Best Film" at the Aspen Shortsfest.

Luketic directed the comedy Legally Blonde for MGM in the summer of 2001. This film, which grossed close to $100 million domestically and was nominated for two Golden Globe Awards, marked Luketic's feature film directing debut.

Next, Luketic directed the DreamWorks Pictures film Win a Date with Tad Hamilton!. The 2003 film, produced by Doug Wick and Lucy Fisher at Red Wagon, stars Kate Bosworth, Nathan Lane, Josh Duhamel and Topher Grace. In 2005, he directed Monster-in-Law, starring Jennifer Lopez, Jane Fonda, and Michael Vartan. At one point, Luketic was attached to direct an adaptation of Donald Hamilton's Matt Helm books as his followup to Monster-in-Law. He was later attached to direct a feature film adaptation of the TV series Dallas.

In 2008, Luketic released 21, based on the book Bringing Down the House by Ben Mezrich. The film tells the true story of five MIT students who became experts at counting cards and subsequently took Vegas casinos for millions in winnings. The film stars Kevin Spacey, Kate Bosworth, Jim Sturgess, and Laurence Fishburne.

He directed the romantic comedy The Ugly Truth, which opened in July 2009. Starring Katherine Heigl and Gerard Butler, the film follows a morning show producer (Heigl) who sets out to disprove the outrageous relationship theories of her chauvinistic correspondent (Butler). Luketic next directed the action-comedy Killers, starring Heigl and Ashton Kutcher.

Filmography
Short film
 * Titsiana Booberini (1997) (Also writer)

Feature film
 * Legally Blonde (2001)
 * Win a Date with Tad Hamilton! (2004)
 * Monster-in-Law (2005)
 * 21 (2008)
 * The Ugly Truth (2009)
 * Killers (2010)
 * Paranoia (2013)
 * The Wedding Year (2019)

Television

title: Robert Luketic


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Julian Reed

Julian Alexander Arnott Reed (January 27, 1936 – January 6, 2022) was a Canadian politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1975 to 1985 representing the riding of Halton—Burlington. He was also a Federal Liberal MP in the House of Commons of Canada from 1993 to 2004.

Background
Reed was born in Toronto, Ontario, and educated at Ontario Agricultural College at the University of Guelph. He worked as a farmer, and was also a professional actor.

Provincial politics
Reed was elected to the Ontario legislature in the 1975 provincial election as a member of the Ontario Liberal Party, defeating Progressive Conservative candidate Gary Dawkins by 463 votes in Halton—Burlington. He was re-elected in the elections of 1977 and 1981. The Progressive Conservatives were the governing party in Ontario throughout this period, and Reed served for ten years as a member of the opposition. He did not seek re-election in 1985.

Federal politics
Reed returned to political life in the 1993 federal election, defeating Progressive Conservative cabinet minister Garth Turner by 3,991 votes in Halton—Peel. He was re-elected by greater margins in the 1997 and 2000 campaigns. He served as a backbench supporter of the Jean Chrétien and Paul Martin administrations. He served as Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for International Trade from 1997 to 1998 and to the Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1998 to 1999. Reed did not seek re-election in 2004.

Later life and death
Reed was a supporter of renewable energy throughout his political career, and was the keynote speaker at a 2002 meeting of the Canadian Solar Industries Association. Reed died in Georgetown, Ontario on January 6, 2022.

title: Julian Reed


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Wikipedia talk:CheckUser policy

Having administrators being elected to use checkuser seems like another level of hierarchy. Would this be a permanent position? Could people have it recinded? Secretlondon 00:46, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Personally, I would be okay with all admins having this power, but I know some people are really opposed to that, so I don't see what is wrong with having votes on granting this. And yes, I think it should be able to be recinded, and doing so should be easiesr than getting adminship and other things removed, given howas this power gives someone alot of access to private information. -Greg Asche (talk) 01:56, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Bah. Humbug. We'd be better served by having email confirmation of new accounts. CheckUser is a bag on the side of a bag, and we don't need to create more of a constituency for it than it already has. The Uninvited Co., Inc. 02:08, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Personally, I agree with David Gerard's suggestion that this sort of function should naturally be attached to the bureacrat position (and, if necessary, we can reconfirm all the buracrats to make sure the community trusts them with this new power) →Raul654 20:08, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia talk:CheckUser policy


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User talk:TskTsk

Howdy folks! My name is TskTsk, and my site is. I'm a computer geek with nothing better to do, so I'm here...

Quote of the (insert time period here): Mac OSX SUCKS!

title: User talk:TskTsk


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Life-Like

Life-Like was a manufacturer of model trains and accessories. In 1960, the company purchased the assets of the defunct Varney Scale Models and began manufacturing model trains and accessories under the name Life-Like in 1970. In 2005 the parent company, Lifoam Industries, LLC, chose to concentrate on their core products and sold their model railroad operations to hobby distributor Wm. K. Walthers. Today, the Life-Like trademark is used by Walthers for HO Scale Buildings.

History

Life-Like Products was founded by brothers Lou and Sol Kramer, whose parents were Lithuanian immigrants residing in Baltimore, Maryland. Their experience in the hobby industry began in the 1930s when they became interested in constructing model airplanes. With money borrowed from their mother, the brothers formed the Burd Model Airplane Manufacturing Co. and sold their own model airplane kits using balsa wood they would salvage from discarded banana crates. As the business grew, their line had expanded to include more than 200 different kits. America's entry into World War II put a halt to their production as they could no longer get materials like balsa wood and rubber bands to produce their kits.

Following World War II, the focus of the business shifted from manufacturing to distribution and Kramer Brothers Hobbies was created to sell items like model cars and fishing tackle. They also began making items like model trees and grass mats under the name Life-Like for the first time. They also introduced dyed lichen moss for use as a scenery material, imported from Norway.

Realizing that hobbies had year-round appeal, versus toys that had seasonal sales spikes around the Christmas holiday, the Kramer brothers formed a silent partnership with Lou Glaser and his Revell injection-molded plastic model company in Venice, California. The company's breakthrough came in 1953 when Revell offered a scale model kit of the USS Missouri (BB-63), the battleship where the Japanese surrender that ended World War II was signed. Revell briefly manufactured its own line of HO scale model trains beginning in 1956.

The Kramer brothers sold tunnels for toy train layouts as part of their Life-Like line. The original supplier was making the tunnels from papier mache, but was unable to deliver on a consistent basis. At the same time, they learned about a German manufacturing process to mold expanded polystyrene foam into shapes that could later be painted and decorated. They imported the technology and began making tunnels out of the polystyrene foam. According to son Jay Kramer, workers at the factory discovered the insulating properties of the foam tunnels could be used to keep their lunches hot or cold. Soon after, the company began producing foam ice chest coolers under the Lifoam name in 1954.

Life-Like Trains

Model railroading pioneer Gordon Varney sold off his Varney Scale Models company in 1960 to Sol Kramer. These HO scale model trains continued to be produced under the Varney name until March 1970, when the first advertising for Life-Like trains appeared in Railroad Model Craftsman magazine. The Life-Like line quickly expanded to include trains, track, structure kits, and accessories.

In 1973, Sol Kramer approached industrial engineer Wai Shing Ting to help produce a source of electric motors for his model trains. They launched Sanda Kan as a joint manufacturing venture in Hong Kong. Sanda Kan later expanded into all aspects of manufacturing model trains and accessories for Life-Like, as well as other companies including Atlas Model Railroad, Lionel, and Marklin. Sanda Kan was acquired by Kader in 2008.

Known for its line of train sets, Life-Like was known primarily as a "down-market" supplier. Looking to expand into the world of scale model railroading, the company put together a plan to manufacture models with more accurate and fine details as well as an improved motor drive, with a reasonable increase in cost. In 1989, Life-Like introduced the Proto 2000 line of finely detailed HO scale diesel locomotives. The first offering was the Proto 2000 BL2. The Proto 1000 line was later created to produce a line of trains that would compete against other mid-range products like those made by Athearn and Walthers.

At the same time, Life-Like upped its presence in N scale, moving away from down-market locomotives made for the firm by Mehano in Yugoslavia in the 1970s and beginning production at Sanda Kan with a higher quality line that also began with a BL2, followed by a GP38-2. The quality subsequently increased further, with diecast chassis designs replacing plastic ones on such models as EMD GP18 and GP20, EMD SW9/1200s and accurately scaled Fairbanks-Morse C-Liners. Steamers included the Berkshires used on the Van Sweringen railroads.

Life-Like also worked its way into the HO slot car market in the 1980s and 1990s in mass-market outlets including Toys R Us. They purchased the assets of the Rokar Slot Racing range and marketed this under their own name. It wasn't until after Walther's purchase of Life-Like that the slot car and model railroad ranges were brought together in the High Iron and Burnin' Rubber Combination set.

The Kramer family sold the business to private interests in 2000. Lou Kramer passed away in 2003, followed by his brother Sol in 2013. In 2005, the parent company Lifoam Industries, LLC, chose to concentrate on its core manufacturing business and sold the model railroad division to Walthers.

Walthers continued to make the Life-Like line of products, aimed at beginning hobbyists and the mass consumer market, up until the 2010s. The Life-Like train sets were discontinued in 2016, along with many of the stand-alone products, although currently building kits and grass mats are still sold under the Life-Like name. Most (if not all) of the Proto 2000 and 1000 locomotives and rolling stock are currently sold under the WalthersProto line, some of the Life-Like scenic accessories (most notably their HO-scale figures) are now made and sold under the Walthers SceneMaster line, and the Power-Loc HO-scale roadbed track (being advertised as the world's first joiner-less roadbed track) is currently being made and sold under the Walthers Trainline brand and is included in the Trainline starter train sets.

Other countries
Models of Australian rolling stock are also produced.

In the 1980s, Life-Like produced a range of models for the South African market competing with Lima.

title: Life-Like


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2002 Fijian local elections

Local elections were held in Fiji in October 2002. The results allowed the three major political parties, Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL), the Fiji Labour Party (FLP) and the National Federation Party (NFP) to claim a victory of sorts. The elections, which take place every three years, were for two city councils and ten town councils throughout Fiji.

Results by municipality
The results showed considerable variation from one municipality to another, indicating that local rather than national issues played a prominent role in the election. The NFP, which suffered disastrous defeats in the national elections of 1999 and 2001, failing to win a single seat in the House of Representatives, remained strong at the municipal level, while the SDL and the FLP, despite their fierce and sometimes bitter rivalry in national politics, forged an alliance after the election to control the Suva City Council.

Suva
The Ratepayers Alliance, a coalition dominated by the NFP, won 8 of the 20 seats on the Suva City Council. The SDL won 7 and the FLP, 5. The Ratepayers Alliance and the SDL initially formed a coalition to reelect Chandu Umaria as Lord Mayor, but the coalition fell apart a year later when the SDL forged an alliance with the FLP to elect Ratu Peni Volavola to the office.

FLP support was concentrated in the Samabula Ward, where it won all five seats. In previous municipal election, held in 1999 the FLP had won no seats on the city council.

Nadi
The NFP retained its hold on the Nadi Town Council, winning 10 of the 15 seats. The other 5 seats, all from the Martintar Ward, were won by the FLP, which had won no seats in 1999.

Lautoka
The FLP retained control of the Lautoka City Council, winning 10 of the 15 seats. The remaining 5 seats, all from the Waiyavi Ward, were won by the SDL.

Ba Town
The NFP-dominated Ratepayers Alliance made a clean sweep, winning all 15 seats on the Ba Town Council.

Labasa
The Ratepayers Alliance, dominated by the NFP, won 10 of the 12 seats. The remaining 2 were won by the FLP.

Savusavu
The election for control of the Savusavu Town Council was fought entirely between locally-organised groups with no ties to national political parties. Of the 9 seats, the Lighthouse won 6 and Sunrise 2.

Nasinu
The SDL narrowly won control of the 21-member Nasinu Town Council, taking 11 seats, against 10 for the FLP.

Lami
The Ratepayers Association extended its 17-year hold on the Lami Town Council by winning another term.

Controversies
The FLP made allegations of electoral fraud in the Towns of Ba and Labasa. People living outside the municipal boundaries were allegedly enrolled as voters. According to the FLP, electoral authorities ignored 300 such cases in Labasa. In all municipalities, there were reports of voters finding that their names had not been registered on the final roll, despite appearing on the provisional one; the FLP claimed that a number of these were known supporters of the party.

title: 2002 Fijian local elections


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Northeast U.S. flooding of October 2005

In October 2005, remnants of Tropical Storm Tammy and Subtropical Depression Twenty-Two merged with incoming continental cold fronts to produce torrential rains over interior New England, as well as over parts of New Jersey and New York. Particularly hard hit was the state of New Hampshire, which saw roads and bridges wiped out, several reported deaths, and whole buildings destroyed. Rain lingered over some areas for several weeks. Rainfall from both rain events totaled well over 20 in in some areas.

Meteorological history
In the first week of October 2005, On October 5, Tropical Storm Tammy developed off the east coast of Florida, and moved ashore near Atlantic Beach. A larger extratropical storm in the eastern Gulf of Mexico absorbed Tammy on October 7. This low was connected to a cold front that stalled over the Mid-Atlantic states, drawing a plume of moisture from the western Caribbean Sea that brought heavy rainfall to the northeastern United States. By October 9, the frontal low was located over the Gulf of Maine, moving northeastward toward Atlantic Canada. Two days later, the remnants of a subtropical depression merged with a cold front to the east of North Carolina. This new low strengthened to gale force and meandered for two days off the eastern United States, until it was also absorbed by a larger extratropical storm on October 14. The low brought additional rainfall to the northeastern United States.

Rhode Island
With 14.94 in of rain in October 2005, T. F. Green Airport recorded its wettest month ever. During October 13–15, rainfall was heaviest in central and eastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island. The NWS reported rainfall amounts of 4 to 7 in in central and eastern Massachusetts and 7 to 9 in in Rhode Island. A state of emergency was declared for the state, and thousands were without power. At least 100 residents were evacuated after swift rises in local rivers, and Red Cross shelters were set up throughout the state. The Pawtuxet River, at Cranston and Warwick, recorded its second-worst flood, at a stage of 13.68 ft. The Blackstone River, at Woonsocket, also recorded its second-worst flood, at a stage of 15.34 ft. The Woonasquatucket River in Providence and Central Falls recorded a new flood record, at 8.3 ft. Damage in Rhode Island totaled $1.6 million (2005 USD).

Connecticut
Thousands of homes and businesses lost power, primarily in Bridgeport. Localized flooding was reported in certain areas of Connecticut: one death occurred when a woman was swept away at Diana's Pool on the Natchaug River, another death occurred when a man was swept away by the raging waters in a campground in Stafford Springs, and another woman fell into the churning Connecticut River. In addition, the rains softened the soil, creating mudslides that damaged a lengthy stretch of railroad tracks near Naugatuck, interrupting service. Residents in low-lying areas of Shelton, Seymour, Stratford, and Oxford were evacuated as heavy rains forced the Housatonic River out of its banks, inundating homes and businesses. It was the wettest October on record for Hartford. Damage totaled to $6 million (2005 USD).

Massachusetts
Severe inland flooding resulted in $6.5 million in damage. In Greenfield, a trailer park was destroyed, leaving at least 70 people homeless. Officials evacuated 2,000 residents of Taunton when the failing Whittenton Pond Dam threatened to collapse and submerge the city under 8 ft of water. The Massachusetts National Guard drained the reservoir behind the 173-year wooden dam using five high-volume pumps. Once the reservoir was drained, evacuees were allowed to return to their homes, and the Army Corps of Engineers removed the old structure and replaced it with an earthen dam.

New Hampshire
The state of New Hampshire was one of the hardest hit from flooding and mudslides, particularly in the southwestern part. The town of Alstead was especially hard hit, as the Cold River and its tributaries substantially overflowed due to the heavy rain and water flowing downstream, inundating the community. The city of Keene received over 14 in of rain, flooding communities near Beaver Brook and the lower Ashuelot River. More than 1,000 people were forced to evacuate their homes in the region. Seven deaths were confirmed in the state. In some areas, entire houses were washed off of their foundations. Damages totaled $15.8 million (2005 USD), primarily in Cheshire County. The storm dropped nearly 18 in of liquid precipitation, including nearly 3 ft of snow on the summit of Mount Washington, as recorded by the Mount Washington Observatory. This contributed to a record-setting month on the peak with "the world's worst weather," which recorded 28.7 in of rain, a record for any month since 1934, and 78.9 in of snow, a record for the month of October.

New Jersey
Flooding was reported in several parts of northern New Jersey. Bergen and Passaic counties were hardest hit, as floodwaters covered several communities to varying degrees. In most places, flooding was the worst seen since 1999's Hurricane Floyd.

Several rivers, including the Pequannock River, Passaic River and Ramapo River, overflowed their banks. Evacuation orders were issued for parts of the towns of Bound Brook, Lodi, Oakland and Westwood during the peak of the flooding. Coastal flooding was also reported along parts of the Jersey Shore. A statewide state of emergency was declared by Governor Richard Codey.

New York
Coastal flooding was a problem on Long Island, and severe beach erosion was reported in many areas. It was the wettest October on record for Central Park.

Maine
Minor to moderate flooding occurred across the southern half of the state, in such cities as Portland, Bar Harbor, and Bangor. In Bangor, a total of 13.32 in of rain was measured during the month, making it the rainiest month in history.

Pennsylvania
The eastern end of the state suffered significant flooding early in the course of this storm. At 8.71 in in a matter of hours on October 8, it was the greatest one-day rainfall on record at Lehigh Valley International Airport.

title: Northeast U.S. flooding of October 2005