text:
User talk:Masterv88

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Nufy8 03:02, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
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Image source/licensing for Image:Alderaan destroyed.jpg
This message notification has been automatically sent by NotificationBot managed and run by AllyUnion. Please leave comments regarding bot operations at AllyUnion's talk page. Please direct all comments regarding licensing information at Wikipedia talk:Images for deletion. --NotificationBot 12:27, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

Image source/licensing for Image:Dino lake.jpg
Hi -- I notice you didn't put a source or licensing information for Image:Dino lake.jpg. If you could do that, it would be very helpful. Otherwise we will unfortunately have to delete it in a week or so. If you need help with this, please feel free to leave a message on my talk page and I'll be glad to help you out with anything you are confused about. --Fastfission 01:23, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

 * image:Nabooplanet.jpg ditto: please add your source, and the license the image is under. And all other images you uploaded in fact.
 * Many of them seem to be screenshots. Note that use of screenshots in any articles other than the movie they were taken from is probably not fair use, according to U.S. copyright law. -- Eugene van der Pijll 22:41, 20 October 2005 (UTC)

Images
Please stop uploading copyrighted images, especially those for which you have not indicated the source. If you keep this up after being warned you can be banned from Wikipedia. They will all be deleted in seven days unless you add sources. If you need help with this, please let me know, I'd be glad to lend you a hand. In the meantime, please stop your current practice. --Fastfission 01:32, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

Please use preview
It is recommended that you use the preview button before you save; this helps you find any errors you have made, and prevents clogging up recent changes and the page history. Thanks!  howch e  ng   {chat} 23:29, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:NHollywood.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:NHollywood.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. --OrphanBot 07:55, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

Updating Lakers record
I noticed that you updated the Lakers record in the Lamar Odom article. FWIW, I don't think this needs to be in here, otherwise you (or someone else) are going to have to edit it after every game to keep it from being out-of-date. I've rewritten the paragraph to eliminate that. Regards,  howch e  ng   {chat} 00:45, 25 January 2006 (UTC)

Please stop uploading copyrighted images
Dude, you are nuts, stop uploading copyrighted images. Your L.A. skyline photo has been pulled from the Los Angeles article by BlankVerse due to all the obvious copyright issues. You should upload only photos which you personally took and are willing to license to Wikipedia under the GFDL. --Coolcaesar 05:10, 25 January 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:LASunset.jpeg
Thanks for uploading Image:LASunset.jpeg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. -- Carnildo 09:19, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:LasVegasNight.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:LasVegasNight.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. -- Carnildo 09:55, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:NewYankeeStadium.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:NewYankeeStadium.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. -- Carnildo 20:32, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:SouthBeach.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:SouthBeach.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. -- Carnildo 20:54, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:MJDunks.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:MJDunks.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. Longhair 04:06, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

Image:NewYorkSkyline.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:NewYorkSkyline.jpg, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you.

Image:PloKoon2.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:PloKoon2.jpg, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. -- Deskana (talk) 22:57, 22 February 2006 (UTC)

Jack Nicholson images
Hi, you need to give the exact link where you found these images so we can determine the copyright holder otherwise they may be deleted. Image:JNicholson.jpg Image:JNicholson2.jpg Thanks Arniep 10:11, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:HarrisonFord.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:HarrisonFord.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. Night Gyr 06:24, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

Image:MaceLightsaber.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:MaceLightsaber.jpg, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. -- His Imposingness, the Grand Moff Deskana (talk) 14:07, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

Possibly unfree Image:2Pac.jpg
An image that you uploaded or altered, Image:2Pac.jpg, has been listed at Possibly unfree images. If the image's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. Please go to its page to provide the necessary information on the source or licensing of this image (if you have any), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you.

Image warning
You have uploaded a number of images without sources and/or copyright information. You have been warned about this, and asked to provide such information. You have not done so. In two days, all the images you've uploaded that do not have sources and copyright information will be deleted. Thank you for your attention.--Esprit15d 19:45, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:SammyJ.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:SammyJ.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator.

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. If you have questions about copyright tagging of images, post on Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags or User talk:Carnildo/images. 11:51, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

Star Wars Userboxes
Good idea, but you can't use fair use images in templates. Jedi6 -(need help?)  20:42, 14 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:GeorgeLucas.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:GeorgeLucas.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 15:11, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:GeorgeLucas2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:GeorgeLucas2.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 10:20, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:JNicholson3.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:JNicholson3.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Image legality questions. 15:42, 27 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:KobeB.jpeg
Thanks for uploading Image:KobeB.jpeg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me, or ask them at the Image legality questions page. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 16:25, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Image:KiAdi.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:KiAdi.jpg, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Sue Anne 04:24, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:DWade.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:DWade.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 10:57, 27 April 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:DFisherwinner.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:DFisherwinner.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 10:58, 29 April 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:DRodman.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:DRodman.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 06:49, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:KobeAllStar.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:KobeAllStar.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 10:10, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:KobeGameWinner.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:KobeGameWinner.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 08:37, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:DFish.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:DFish.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 08:21, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:LAPDBadge.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:LAPDBadge.gif. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 06:30, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:MaceWindu5.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:MaceWindu5.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 09:58, 11 May 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:SeanConnery2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:SeanConnery2.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 06:34, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:MJordan.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:MJordan.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. feydey 21:02, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:MJordan.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:MJordan.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. feydey 11:53, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:2Pac3.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:2Pac3.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently specifies that your image can be used under a fair use license. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If your image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why your image was deleted. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. cholmes75 (chit chat) 15:19, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:DRodmaN.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:DRodmaN.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then it needs to be specified where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, consider reading fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, consider checking that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. cholmes75 (chit chat) 16:25, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Unspecified source for Image:TysonTKOSavarese.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:TysonTKOSavarese.jpg. I notice the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this file yourself, then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use it on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you did not create the file yourself, then you need to specify where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the file also doesn't have a copyright tag, then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media meets the criteria at Fair use, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their source and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have uploaded by following this link. Unsourced and untagged images may be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Ytny 23:27, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

Unspecified source for Image:TysonKOBruno.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:TysonKOBruno.jpg. I notice the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this file yourself, then there needs to be an argument why we have the right to use it on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you did not create the file yourself, then you need to specify where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the file also doesn't have a copyright tag, then one should be added. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media meets the criteria at Fair use, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their source and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have uploaded by following this link. Unsourced and untagged images may be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Ytny 23:26, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

Possibly unfree Image:WashJordan.jpg
An image that you uploaded or altered, Image:WashJordan.jpg, has been listed at Possibly unfree images. If the image's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. Please go to its page to provide the necessary information on the source or licensing of this image (if you have any), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Ytny 07:38, 19 July 2006 (UTC) Ytny 07:38, 19 July 2006 (UTC)
 * The same goes for Image:PacquiaoVSMorales.jpeg, Image:PacquiaoKnockout.jpeg, Image:PacquiaoVictory.jpeg, Image:BHop.jpg, Image:RoyJ1.jpg and Image:RoyJ2.jpg. You tagged them as sportsposter, which is the license for sporting event posters, not photgraphs of athletes. And you haven't given a fair use rationale for any of them. Ytny 08:00, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:RoyJ3.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:RoyJ3.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently specifies that the image can be used under a fair use license. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Ytny 07:54, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:HanSolo5.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:HanSolo5.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently specifies that the image is unlicensed for use on Wikipedia and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful.

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. ResurgamII 21:34, 6 September 2006 (UTC)

Star Wars WikiProject Roll call
" Hello! "

Thank you for contributions. You have signed as a member of the Star Wars WikiProject there is a Roll Call going on currently at the Star Wars WikiProject talk page. Please sign if you still want to help out.

Again, Thank you for your help!--Team6and7 01:45, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

SW Collabaration....
Hello just dropping in to let you know that I'm organizing a huge Star Wars collabaration, if you want just go to this discussion page..... Cheers, -- Sadow (talk | contr.) 19:51, 17 September 2006 (UTC)

Image:DowntownMiami.jpg listed for deletion
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Orphaned fair use image (Image:LAPDbadge1.gif)
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Orphaned fair use image (Image:LAPDbadge.gif)
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Fair use rationale for Image:Jedi council 1.jpg
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Babels
Hi Masterv88! Where can I get these Star Wars and Pizza babels? Grumpanelli 13:33, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:THanks.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:PNewman.jpg
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Orphaned non-free image (Image:PNewman.jpg)
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Image:JediKnights.jpg
I have tagged Image:JediKnights.jpg as no rationale, because it does not provide a fair use rationale. If you believe the image to be acceptable for fair use according to Wikipedia policy, please provide a rationale explaining as much, in accordance with the fair use rationale guideline, on the image description page. Please also consider using or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. Thank you. Videmus Omnia Talk  03:58, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Image:MaceW.jpg
I have tagged Image:MaceW.jpg as no rationale, because it does not provide a fair use rationale. If you believe the image to be acceptable for fair use according to Wikipedia policy, please provide a rationale explaining as much, in accordance with the fair use rationale guideline, on the image description page. Please also consider using or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. Thank you. Videmus Omnia Talk  03:59, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Image:Jedi_council_1.jpg
I have tagged Image:Jedi_council_1.jpg as no rationale, because it does not provide a fair use rationale. If you believe the image to be acceptable for fair use according to Wikipedia policy, please provide a rationale explaining as much, in accordance with the fair use rationale guideline, on the image description page. Please also consider using or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. Thank you. Videmus Omnia Talk  03:59, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:PlanetEndor2.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:PlanetEndor.jpg
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darth maul2
what is the original url for http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:DarthMaul2.jpg

I would like to add fair use rationale to that image. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sp0 (talk • contribs) 09:49, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

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Fair use rationale for Image:TheedNaboo.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:NabooWaterfall.jpg
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title: User talk:Masterv88


text:
Eric Cairns

Eric Cairns (born June 27, 1974) is a Canadian former ice hockey defenceman and current director of player development for the New York Islanders. His last season (2006) was with the Pittsburgh Penguins of the NHL.

Playing career
Drafted in the third round of the 1992 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Rangers. He began his second year of professional hockey with the Charlotte Checkers in the ECHL where he played 14 games before the Rangers promoted him to the Binghamton Rangers of the AHL. A year later was playing in the NHL with the New York Rangers, where he spent several seasons before being placed on waivers. The Rangers' crosstown rivals, the New York Islanders, claimed Cairns on December 22, 1998. He played six seasons with the team before they declined to renew his contract. After the 2004–05 NHL lockout the Florida Panthers signed him as a free agent. Cairns was then traded to the Penguins mid-season. He missed most of the 2006–2007 season with post-concussion syndrome and various other injuries.

Cairns, an enforcer, received less playing time in his last year of play as the enforcer role became less prominent in the post-lockout NHL. Since entering the league in the 1996–1997 season with the Rangers, Cairns accumulated 1,117 penalty minutes, 10 goals, and 32 assists.

Islanders-Rangers rivalry
During his tenure with the Islanders, Cairns was actively involved in the team's rivalry with the Rangers, particularly feuding with Theo Fleury, Sandy McCarthy, Matthew Barnaby and Dale Purinton. In a game on November 8, 2001, McCarthy challenged Cairns to a fight; initially, Cairns declined, but he later chased McCarthy down the ice into the Islanders' zone. During this time, McCarthy scored on a rebound. As McCarthy celebrated, Cairns gave him a jab to the jaw, which led to a fight between Cairns and Steve McKenna. Afterward, with Cairns in the penalty box, Fleury mocked him by flapping his arms like a chicken to suggest that Cairns was afraid to fight McCarthy, who flexed his biceps and looked at Cairns. In the next game between the two teams, on December 21, Cairns and McCarthy fought at the beginning of the first period following an early Islanders goal. Cairns won the fight, and McCarthy said of him after the game, "I never said he wasn't a tough guy."

In another incident on February 19, 2004, Dale Purinton beat Cairns in a fight and punched him after he was down on the ice. The rest of the game included a number of fights. Cairns called Purinton "gutless." A week later, on February 26, the Islanders and Rangers again faced off. Cairns and Purinton came together, and as Cairns began to throw punches, Purinton elbowed Cairns in the face before Purinton dropped to the ice and turtled. Cairns let Purinton get up and challenged him, but Purinton refused to fight. Barry Melrose criticized Purinton for declining the chance to fight Cairns in a fair match.

London Racers incident
During the lockout, Cairns played for the London Racers. On March 23, 2005, he was involved in a notorious fight with Wade Belak (playing for Coventry Blaze), during which he punched a linesman. Cairns was called initially for a slashing major against Andre Payette and then threw a punch at an official who was escorting him to the penalty box. Cairns skated around the rink for about a minute threatening the officials, unable to lose his teammates who were attempting to ensure he did not further escalate the incident. Instead of leaving the ice, Cairns instead skated to the Coventry bench where he threw a punch which resulted in a bench-clearing brawl. He was suspended for the remainder of the season and the entire next season in all IIHF tournaments, although the NHL allowed him to return the following year.

Pittsburgh Penguins
Cairns was acquired from Florida Panthers in January 2006 to strengthen the Penguins' defense and protect Sidney Crosby. Amazingly, Cairns started with a goal against the New York Islanders.

Post playing career
Cairns is currently the Director of Player Development for the New York Islanders.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Eric Cairns


text:
Petr Čajánek

Petr Čajánek (born August 18, 1975) is a Czech former professional ice hockey forward. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the St. Louis Blues from 2002 to 2007. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1993 to 2015, was mainly spent in the Czech Extraliga. He was selected by the Blues in the seventh round, 253rd overall, in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft. Internationally he played for the Czech national team at several tournaments, including the 2002, 2006, and 2010 Winter Olympics, winning a bronze medal in 2006, and several Ice Hockey World Championships, winning gold medals in 2000, 2001, and 2005.

Draft
In the 2001 NHL Entry Draft, he was drafted in the seventh round, 253rd overall, by the St. Louis Blues. He was then signed to an NHL contract.

Career
Petr Čajánek played for HC Zlín from 1993 to 2002. In the 2001–02 season, he was Czech Extraliga's leading scorer.

On February 26, 2007, Čajánek was placed on waivers by the St. Louis Blues, which would have effectively allowed any other NHL club to sign him. When no other NHL teams tendered Čajánek an offer, the Blues re-signed him to a league-minimum contract, and added him back to their roster. Though he was placed on waivers, the 2006–07 season was his best, as he scored a career-high 48 points, good for third on the Blues.

On October 21, 2007, Čajánek signed a one-year, $900,000 contract to play for Ak Bars Kazan in the Russian Superleague (RSL) for the 2007–08 season.

title: Petr Čajánek


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Kyle Calder

Kyle Charles Calder (born January 5, 1979) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey forward who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Chicago Blackhawks, Philadelphia Flyers, Detroit Red Wings, Los Angeles Kings, and Anaheim Ducks.

Playing career
Calder began his career by playing junior hockey for the Regina Pats of the Western Hockey League (WHL). After scoring 59 points in his sophomore season, he was drafted in the fifth round of the 1997 draft by the Chicago Blackhawks. After his fourth season where he scored 88 points between two teams, he was rewarded with his first professional contract.

Calder began his career by playing for the Cleveland Lumberjacks, the Blackhawks' International Hockey League (IHL) affiliate. He also came up to play in the NHL for the first time that season, playing in eight games. During that time, he also got his first NHL goal.

The following year, after the collapse of the IHL, Calder began and ended his season with the Norfolk Admirals, their new American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate. For a good portion of the season he played for the Blackhawks, appearing in over forty games.

Starting in the 2001–02 NHL season, Calder stayed in the NHL. During the lockout, he spent a brief time in Sweden. He came back to the NHL stronger than ever that season. He led the Blackhawks in goals, assists, and points.

On August 2, 2006, Calder was awarded a $2.9 million contract for the 2006–07 season by an arbitrator. The Blackhawks decided to accept it, and then on August 4, 2006, Calder was traded to the Philadelphia Flyers in exchange for Michal Handzus. At the trade deadline, the Flyers sent him back to Chicago for a third-round draft pick and Lasse Kukkonen. Chicago immediately sent him to the Detroit Red Wings for Jason Williams. Calder scored his first goal as a Red Wing during his first shift. He signed a two-year contract with the Los Angeles Kings on July 2, 2007.

On September 4, 2009, Calder was invited to the Anaheim Ducks training camp for the 2009–10 season. The Ducks however released him on September 26, less than a week before the start of the season. However, he would return to the Ducks organization on October 28 when they signed Calder to a one-year, two-way contract and assigned him to their ECHL affiliate the Bakersfield Condors. On November 14, he was recalled by Anaheim because of injuries to Saku Koivu and Ryan Carter. On December 28, 2009, Calder was waived by the Anaheim Ducks. After clearing waivers, he was assigned to the Toronto Marlies on December 30, 2009.

title: Kyle Calder


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User talk:211.128.111.136

Please stop removing content from the San Francisco 49ers article; if you have problems with the article address them on the article's talk page. Christopher Parham (talk) 03:03, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:211.128.111.136


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Band clamp

A band clamp is a generic term for a holding device usually consisting of a strap of metal or cloth formed into a loop, with a mechanism to forcibly adjust the diameter, thereby exerting a squeezing force on an object within the loop.

One type of band clamp known as a web clamp has a band usually made of nylon type cloth webbing. It can slip and stretch around irregularly shaped objects such as frames, packages, skids or even trailer loads.

Clamping pressure is applied either through a mechanical method such as a screw or ratchet mechanism that tightens the band, or through the elastic nature of the band material itself. There are a range of styles of band clamp available for purchase, in particular the type used for framing as described above. Other web clamps include ratchet straps.

title: Band clamp


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Sébastien Caron

Sébastien Caron, born on June 25, 1980, is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender who played in the National Hockey League (NHL). He last played for the defunct Hamburg Freezers of the then Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

Playing career
As a youth, Caron played in the 1993 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Matapédia, Quebec.

Caron was a third-round pick, 86th overall, by the Pittsburgh Penguins in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. During the 2005-06 season, in a game against the Philadelphia Flyers, Caron gained national attention through his great save against Brian Savage. The puck went off the left goal post, Savage then tried to tip the puck in the goal but Caron quickly scooped the puck up with his glove almost on the goal line. However, Caron was also known for allowing a 170-foot shot by Washington Capitals defenseman Ivan Majeský. He started the season as backup to Jocelyn Thibault and ended it as back-up to Marc-André Fleury. On June 25, 2006, Caron was bought out from the remaining year of his four-year contract with the Penguins.

During the 2007 playoffs, Caron served as a spare goaltender for the Anaheim Ducks. He was not called on to dress during the playoffs. Caron was included on the Stanley Cup winning picture, and has a Stanley Cup ring; however, because he only played one regular season game, he did not qualify to have his name engraved on the Stanley Cup. On April 1, 2010, Caron was signed by the Philadelphia Flyers. He was the seventh goaltender acquired by the Flyers' for the 2009–10 NHL season. Caron was never in net for Philadelphia during his short visit.

On August 23, 2010, Caron was signed by Traktor Chelyabinsk. He also played for HC Lugano of Swiss National League A, and the Iserlohn Roosters in Germany.

On March 19, 2012, he signed with the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League.

On June 15, 2012, Caron was traded along with two second-round draft picks in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft and a third-round draft pick in the 2013 NHL Entry Draft to the Nashville Predators for goalie Anders Lindbäck, Kyle Wilson, and a seventh-round draft pick.

He signed with the Iserlohn Roosters of the German top flight Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL) for the 2012–13 season and remained with the team until October 2013, when he transferred to fellow DEL club Hamburg Freezers. In September 2015, Caron underwent back surgery and had to sit out three months.

Transactions

 * June 26, 1999 – Drafted by Pittsburgh in the fourth round (86th overall) of the 1999 Entry Draft.
 * June 25, 2006 – Caron's contract bought out by the Pittsburgh Penguins.
 * July 27, 2006 – Caron signed with the Chicago Blackhawks.
 * December 29, 2006 – Traded along with Matt Keith and Chris Durno to Anaheim Ducks for P. A. Parenteau and Bruno St. Jacques.
 * April 1, 2010 – Signed by the Philadelphia Flyers.
 * August 23, 2010 – Signed by Traktor Chelyabinsk (KHL).
 * March 19, 2012 – Signed by the Tampa Bay Lightning to a one-year, one-way contract.
 * June 15, 2012 – Traded to the Nashville Predators, along with 3 draft picks for Kyle Wilson, Anders Lindbäck, and one draft pick.

title: Sébastien Caron


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Talk:Hurricane Gabrielle

Okay, I'm going to change Gabrielle (2007) to unactive. The article says so and so does the NHC. Any information on deaths and damage is greatly appreciated. Thanks, Akhentaten 23:16, 11 September 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hurricane Gabrielle


text:
Talk:List of storms named Gert

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Hurricane Gert (1993) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 14:30, 30 October 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of storms named Gert


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Sébastien Charpentier (ice hockey)

Sébastien Charpentier (born April 18, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 26 games in the National Hockey League with the Washington Capitals from 2002 to 2004. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1997 to 2013, was mainly spent in the minor leagues.

Early life
Charpentier was born in Drummondville, Quebec. As a youth, he played in the 1991 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from Drummondville. In junior ice hockey, he was named to Quebec Major Junior Hockey League all-rookie team in the 1994–95 QMJHL season.

Career
Charpentier was drafted 93rd overall by the Washington Capitals in the 1995 NHL Entry Draft. He spent most of his professional career with their American Hockey League affiliate, the Portland Pirates. He played a total of 24 NHL games for the Capitals. He was named the ECHL playoff most valuable player in the 1997–98 ECHL season.

He later played with the Graz 99ers of the Austrian Erste Bank Hockey League until he retired in 2013. As of 2018, he is the goalie coach for the Victoriaville Tigres of the QMJHL.

title: Sébastien Charpentier (ice hockey)


text:
Talk:List of storms named Gloria

Untitled
Sorry, I deleted "hurricane disambig" in January 7 by mistake. --HERB 01:27, 15 January 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of storms named Gloria


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Avner Greif

Avner Greif (born 1955) is an economics professor at Stanford University, Stanford, California. He holds a chaired professorship as Bowman Family Professor in the Humanities and Sciences.

Greif received his PhD in Economics at Northwestern University, where Joel Mokyr acted as his supervisor, in 1989 and started his career at Stanford University in 1989 until he received tenure in 1994. In 1998 he received a 'genius grant' from the MacArthur Foundation. His works deal with economic history and role of institutions in economic development, including analysis of trade in medieval Europe and Levant.

Work
Greif specializes in the study of the social institutions that support economic development, and their history, incorporating game theory into his approach to this large subject. Greif is on the board of trustees of the International Society of New Institutional Economics.

Greif's research on informal institutions in development, particularly regarding traders in medieval Europe, has received significant praise from other economists. Among his research contributions is the view that during early stages of economic development, informal reputational mechanisms effectively substitute for formal contract enforcement regimes.

In Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy: Lessons from Medieval Trade (2006), Greif argues that institutions play a central role in economic development: "Studying institutions sheds light on why some countries are rich and others poor, why some enjoy a welfare-enhancing political order and others do not. Socially beneficial institutions promote welfare-enhancing cooperation and action. They provide the foundations of markets by efficiently assigning, protecting, and altering property rights; securing contracts; and motivating specialization and exchange. Good institutions also encourage production by fostering saving, investment in human and physical capital, and development and adoption of useful knowledge. They maintain a sustainable rate of population growth and foster welfare-enhancing peace; the joint mobilization of resources; and beneficial policies, such as the provision of public goods. The quality of these institutional foundations of the economy and the polity is paramount in determining a society’s welfare. This is the case because individuals do not always recognize what will be socially beneficial nor are they motivated to pursue it effectively in the absence of appropriate institutions."

Selected publications

 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")
 * (This paper is an updated version of "Risk, Institutions and Growth: Why England and Not China?")

title: Avner Greif


text: Talk:List of storms named Grace

title: Talk:List of storms named Grace


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Brad Chartrand

Brad Chartrand (born December 14, 1974) is a Canadian former ice hockey right winger who had a five-year career in the National Hockey League with the Los Angeles Kings between 1999 and 2004. He played in 215 regular season games, scoring 25 goals and assists for 50 points, picking up 122 penalty minutes.

Chartrand was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba.

title: Brad Chartrand


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Irinotecan

Irinotecan, sold under the brand name Camptosar among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat colon cancer and small cell lung cancer. For colon cancer it is used either alone or with fluorouracil. For small cell lung cancer it is used with cisplatin. It is given intravenously.

Common side effects include diarrhea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, hair loss, shortness of breath, and fever. Other severe side effects include blood clots, colon inflammation, and allergic reactions. Those with two copies of the UGT1A1*28 gene variant are at higher risk for side effects. Use during pregnancy can result in harm to the baby. Irinotecan is a topoisomerase inhibitor —it blocks the topoisomerase I enzyme, resulting in DNA damage and cell death.

Irinotecan was approved for medical use in the United States in 1996. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. It is made from the natural compound camptothecin which is found in the Chinese ornamental tree Camptotheca acuminata.

Medical uses
Its main use is in colon cancer, in particular, in combination with other chemotherapy agents. This includes the regimen FOLFIRI, which consists of infusional 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan. The regimen XELIRI consists of capecitabine and irinotecan.

It may also be used together with fluorouracil and folinic acid for pancreatic cancer following failure of initial treatment.

In February 2024, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved irinotecan liposome, in combination with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin, for the first-line treatment of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Side effects
The most significant adverse effects of irinotecan include diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, neutropenia and fever, infections of blood or lungs (sepsis, pneumonia), shock, dehydration, kidney failure and thrombocytopenia (low levels of blood platelets).

Diarrhea
Early diarrhea occurs during or shortly after the infusion of Irinotecan, and is usually transient and infrequently severe. Late diarrhea occurs more than 24 hours after administration of Irinotecan and can be life threatening, sometimes leading to severe dehydration requiring hospitalization or intensive care unit admission. This side-effect is managed with the aggressive use of antidiarrheals such as loperamide or atropine with the first loose bowel movement.

Immunosuppression
The immune system is adversely impacted by irinotecan. This is reflected in lowered white blood cell counts in the blood, in particular the neutrophils.

Mechanism of action
Camptothecin, one of the four major structural classifications of plant-derived anti-cancerous compounds, is a cytotoxic alkaloid which consists of a pentacyclic ring structure containing a pyrrole (3, 4 β) quinoline moiety, an S-configured lactone form, and a carboxylate form. Camptothecin is an inhibitor of topoisomerase I. Its analogue, irinotecan, is activated by hydrolysis to SN-38, and is then inactivated by glucuronidation by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1). The inhibition of topoisomerase I by the active metabolite SN-38 eventually leads to inhibition of both DNA replication and transcription.

The molecular action of irinotecan occurs by trapping a subset of topoisomerase-1-DNA cleavage complexes, those with a guanine +1 in the DNA sequence. One irinotecan molecule stacks against the base pairs flanking the topoisomerase-induced cleavage site and poisons (inactivates) the topoisomerase 1 enzyme.

Administration
Irinotecan can be administered by 30- or 90-minute intravenous infusions of either 125 mg/m2 weekly for four of every six weeks or 350 mg/m2 every three weeks.

Distribution
Irinotecan is a hydrophilic compound with a large volume of distribution (400 L/m2). At physiological pH, irinotecan and its active metabolite ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin (SN-38) are present in two pH-dependent equilibrium isoforms; the anti tumor active lactone ring which hydrolyzed to the carboxylate isoform.

In plasma, the majority of irinotecan and SN-38 are bound to albumin, which stabilizes their lactone forms. In blood, irinotecan and SN-38 are bound to platelets and red blood cells.

Irinotecan has a linear pharmacokinetic. Population pharmacokinetic models assumed a three-compartmental model for irinotecan and a two-compartmental model for SN-38.

SN-38 has a short distribution half-life (approximately 8 min). It reached its peak plasma concentration within 2 h after infusion. Also SN-38 exhibit a second peak in the plasma concentration because of its enterohepatic re-circulation and its release from erythrocytes.

Activation by carboxylesterases and butyrylcholinesteras
About 2–5% of the pro-drug irinotecan is hydrolyzed into its active metabolite SN-38 in the liver by two carboxylesterase converting enzymes (CES1 and CES2) and in plasma by butyrylcholinesterase (hBChE). CES2 has a 12.5-fold higher affinity for irinotecan than CES1. While, butyrylcholinesterase has a 6-fold higher activity for irinotecan than CES. After conversion, SN-38 is actively transported to the liver by the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 transporter.

Inactivation by uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases
SN-38 is inactivated by glucuronidation to SN-38G (β-glucuronide conjugate) by several uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase enzymes (UGTs) in the liver (UGT1A1, UGT1A9) and extra-hepatic (UGT1A1, UGT1A7, UGT1A10) and excreted into the bile. Several UGT polymorphisms affects irinotecan pharmacokinetics, for example, the decreased UGT1 activity, may lead to severe toxicity. Also, UGT1A1 conjugates bilirubin and bilirubin glucuronidation is another risk factor for increased toxicity

De-conjugation by β-glucuronidases
The intestinal bacteria produced β-glucuronidases that de-conjugate SN-38G to SN-38 resulting in entero-hepatic re-circulation of SN-38.

Metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes
Irinotecan is metabolized by intrahepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 into inactive metabolites APC (7-ethyl-10-[4-N-(5-aminopentanoic acid)-1-piperidino] carbonyloxycamptothecin) and NPC (7-ethyl-10-[4-amino-1-piperidino] carbonyloxycamptothecin). NPC can be further converted by CES1 and CES2 in the liver to SN-38. Induction or inhibition of CYP3A enzymes by smoking, some herbs and medications may result in interactions with irinotecan.

Transport to bile
Irinotecan is transported to bile by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins: ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC2, and ABCG2.

Elimination
Irinotecan clearance is mainly biliary (66%) and estimated 12–21 L/h/m2. All metabolites, except SN-38G, are mainly excreted in feces. Irinotecan elimination half-lives were reported between 5 and 18 h. SN-38 half-lives were reported between 6 and 32 h.

There is high (30%) interindividual variability in irinotecan pharmacokinetic parameters which can be altered by several factors including age, sex, dose, administration timing, hepatic function, enzyme activity or hematocrit levels.

Pharmacogenomics
Irinotecan is converted by an enzyme into its active metabolite SN-38, which is in turn inactivated by the enzyme UGT1A1 by glucuronidation.

*28 variant patients
People with variants of the UGT1A1 called TA7, also known as the "*28 variant", express fewer UGT1A1 enzymes in their liver and often have Gilbert's syndrome. During chemotherapy, they effectively receive a larger than expected dose because their bodies are not able to clear irinotecan as fast as others. In studies this corresponds to higher incidences of severe neutropenia and diarrhea.

In 2004, a clinical study was performed that both validated prospectively the association of the *28 variant with greater toxicity and the ability of genetic testing in predicting that toxicity before chemotherapy administration.

In 2005, the FDA made changes to the labeling of irinotecan to add pharmacogenomics recommendations, such that irinotecan recipients with a homozygous (both of the two gene copies) polymorphism in UGT1A1 gene, to be specific, the *28 variant, should be considered for reduced drug doses. Irinotecan is one of the first widely used chemotherapy agents that is dosed according to the recipient's genotype.

History
In February 2024, the FDA approved irinotecan liposome, in combination with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin, for the first-line treatment of metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Efficacy was evaluated in NAPOLI 3 (NCT04083235), a randomized, multicenter, open-label, active-controlled trial in 770 participants with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma who had not previously received chemotherapy in the metastatic setting. Randomization was stratified by region, liver metastases, and ECOG performance status. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive one of the following treatments: NALIRIFOX: irinotecan liposome 50 mg/m2 as an intravenous infusion over 90 minutes, followed by oxaliplatin 60 mg/m2 as an intravenous infusion over 120 minutes, followed by leucovorin 400 mg/m2 intravenously over 30 minutes, followed by fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 intravenously over 46 hours, every 2 weeks; Gem+NabP: Nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 as an intravenous infusion over 35 minutes, followed by gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 intravenously over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle. The application was granted orphan drug designation.

Legal status
Irinotecan received accelerated approval from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1996, and full approval in 1998.

A liposome encapsulated version of irinotecan sold under the brand name Onivyde, was approved by the FDA in October 2015, to treat metastatic pancreatic cancer. It was approved for medical use in the European Union in October 2016.

Names
During development, it was known as CPT-11.

title: Irinotecan


text: Talk:List of storms named Gustav

title: Talk:List of storms named Gustav


text:
Marc Chouinard

Marc Chouinard (born May 6, 1977) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey centre-winger who played six seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL).

Biography
Chouinard was born in Charlesbourg, Quebec City. As a youth, he played in the 1990 and 1991 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournaments with a minor ice hockey team from Charlesbourg.

Chouinard started his career in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League in 1993. After two successful seasons, he was drafted in the second round, 32nd overall by the Winnipeg Jets during the 1995 NHL Entry Draft. He never played for the Jets, and on February 4, 1996 Chouinard and Teemu Selanne were traded to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in exchange for Oleg Tverdovsky and Chad Kilger. After three years with the Cincinnati Mighty Ducks, Chouinard was called up during the 2000–01 NHL season.

His uncle is Guy Chouinard, and he is a cousin of Éric Chouinard.

title: Marc Chouinard


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User talk:Riotx7one

Please do not replace Wikipedia pages or sections with blank content. It is considered vandalism. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. — mendel ☎ 03:05, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Riotx7one


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Martin Cibák

Martin Cibák (born 17 May 1980) is a Slovak former professional ice hockey player.

Biography
Cibák was born in Liptovský Mikuláš, Czechoslovakia. As a youth, he played in the 1994 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a team from Poprad.

Cibák won the Stanley Cup with Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2003–04 NHL season, and also played with the Slovak National Team in the 2004 World Cup of Hockey. Cibak earned the nickname "Cibby" while playing for the Tampa Bay Lightning.

He signed a one-year contract with Frölunda HC in August, 2006. In summer 2007, he signed a contract with Södertälje SK and left the club on 26 April 2009 to sign with HC Spartak Moscow on 6 May 2009.

Slalom canoeist Peter Cibák is his cousin.

title: Martin Cibák


text:
Category:United States senators from Minnesota

People who have represented the state of Minnesota in the United States Senate.