text:
Talk:Floating production storage and offloading

Corrections
Mystras was built by SBM in JV with Saipem. Subsequently AGIP exercised a purchase option in 2008. It is not correct to list "Vessel conversion" as Saipem, as SBM was the lead contractor (the topsides modules were a very close copy of one of the SBM built Exxon units (Falcon?). See press release below:

Source: Scandinavian Oil & Gas Magazine (on-line), May 22, 2008. SBM Offshore - FPSO Mystras purchase option exercised. FPSO Mystras Producao de Petroleo LTDA (FMPP), a 50% owned subsidiary of SBM Offshore N.V., has received a notice from Agip Energy    and Natural Resources Ltd (AENR), exercising AENR's option under the current Service Agreement to purchase the FPSO Mystras. Full delivery pursuant to the purchase option is scheduled to take place at the FPSO's present location in the Okono and Okpoho fields offshore Nigeria on July 16, 2008. Responsibilities of the owner for the management, operation and maintenance were transferred to AENR as of May 16, 2008. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 211.24.123.146 (talk) 01:56, 6 March 2012 (UTC)

Vessel, Unit, or System?
I did a Yahoo! search for each (search+number of hits):
 * "Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Vessel" 2,020
 * "Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Vessels" 472
 * "Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Systems" 268
 * "Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Systems" 624
 * "Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Unit" 313
 * "Floating Production, Storage and Offloading Units" 677

Vessel was the winner.

WikiDon 10:22, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Sea Production Limited refers to their units as "vessels" Hoserjoe 15:25, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

That is because FPSO is used in the market as a term to describe vessel-shaped production systems.

Most FPSOs are converted oil tankers. There are a few other structures that do the same as the FPSOs, including the Sevan Stabilised Platform (SSP), which has been developed and designed by Norway's Sevan Marine (http://www.sevanmarine.com/). The first unit, "SSP Piranema" is currently (June 2006) being outfitted in Rotterdam and will serve on a Brazilian oil field. It does what an FPSO does (including storing oil and offloading it directly into tankers), but is not called an FPSO.

The suggetion to merge the page on FPSOs with the floating production systems page seems like a bad one, as there are many floating rigs that produce oil and thus are floating production systems, but since they do not store the oil or offload it into tankers, they are not FPSOs. Thus, two different things which need different pages.

Best regards Mats Oslo

 * I agree with Mats. The articles should not be merged, because they are not the same thing.--Heidu 14:29, 3 October 2006 (UTC)

I changed the distance offshore from "15,200 stature miles (320 km)" to "200 statute miles (320 km)", assuming that 320 km is the correct distance. If I'm wrong, feel free to correct (15,200 miles is half-way around the world)! Hoserjoe 15:25, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

Largest FPSOs
I'd suggest the portion on the largest FPSO being the "Kizomba A" be removed or clarified, as the Terra Nova FPSO is rated as having 190,000 t displacement and a length/width of 292.2/45.5m, compaired to the 81,000 displacement for the Kizomba A and length/width of 285/63m, which would suggest that Terra Nova is "larger". Not sure which is technically larger, but someone with more technical knowledge than myself needs to remove this ambiguity.--Evilbred 14:29, 3 August 2007 (UTC)

The PAZFLOR FPSO built in DSME yard (South Korea) for TOTAL E&P ANGOLA is the largest purpose-built FPSO (325 meters). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.207.149.221 (talk) 22:18, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

This conversation is typical of similar discussions for other man-made constructions. "Largest" sometimes means the tallest, the heaviest, the widest, etc. etc. Probably today (early 2011) the "largest" FPSO (depending on the metrics used) is the Agbami FPSO installed by Chevron in Nigeria. In any case, this dicussion shows why it is not a good odea to try to capture "records".Luperculus (talk) 19:48, 8 February 2011 (UTC)

Merge proposal
I propose to merge Floating storage and offloading unit into this article. Currently, the Floating storage and offloading unit article is very short.Beagel (talk) 14:49, 13 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Go ahead. ZorroIII (talk) 19:56, 13 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Agree. --Brad (talk) 16:00, 15 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Very reasonable. Plasma east (talk) 17:41, 19 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Merger completed. Beagel (talk) 07:01, 2 August 2008 (UTC)

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What is so special about skarv
It is mentioned that Skarv is the most advanced FPSO in the Norwegian sector. Should this be in the world? And what is so special about this project that it can call itself the most advanced? The tekst is not very informative and should be changed or deleted.Reneekes (talk) 08:31, 16 April 2009 (UTC)

I agree with Reneekes. And, if we start the Mosts, I suggest we may categorize them such as ; the deepest, biggest (production rate and storages or displacement) and etc by each FPSO type (spread mooring and internal and external turret moorings). (Seongjoonlim (talk) 13:18, 14 April 2010 (UTC))

Totally agree with both of you (momoktomok (talk) 15:29, 14 November 2011 (UTC))

Units
Is is possible to explain what MSm3/d and scft/d are? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Qwertytam (talk • contribs) 22:05, 18 May 2009 (UTC)

I think MSm3/d is million standard meters cubed per day (gas production rate) and scft/d is standard cubic feet per day (gas production rate) andyminicooper (talk) 23:17, 31 October 2009 (UTC)

FPSO Table
I do not understand what the ISC column is for in the FPSO table. There are a few entries under this column which look like design or construction companies. If there is no clear description of what this column is for I propose that this column be deleted from the table to help to clean it up and simplify the page. andyminicooper (talk) 23:17, 31 October 2009 (UTC)
 * It might be integration subcontractor, or installation subcontractor perhaps? I don't know for sure. I would support removing.LizardJr8 (talk) 08:53, 1 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I followed link to Sigma3, and it indicates Integrated Services Contractor. No idea what that involves.LizardJr8 (talk) 08:56, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

I propose that the 'Entered service' be simplified to a startup year so that the list order will work for this column. I have also just got the 2009 FPSO listing to use as a reference for the FPSOs still in service. I'll give it a few days, and then take a look at simplifying this table.andyminicooper (talk) 19:52, 28 December 2009 (UTC)

As I think about doing some more development of the FPSO table, I wonder if it does infact need to be on its own page. It has become quite a long list and is becoming unwieldy on this page. Would appreciate any experience on the benefits of a seperate page for list tables. andyminicooper (talk) 22:19, 30 December 2009 (UTC)

Is this table ever going to be up-to-date? There are an awful lots of FPSOs missing, notably a large number in Brazil. Richard Stephens (talk) 16:37, 2 June 2015 (UTC)

Wrong redirect
FSRU redirects here. It should redirect to LNG i think. Or have it's own page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.203.106.38 (talk) 11:25, 3 February 2012 (UTC)

I can't see reference to the Alvheim FPSO operated by Marathon Oil in Norwegian waters. I think it was a conversion from the Maersk tanker Odin. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.6.246.150 (talk) 16:24, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

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Herbert Alexander Bruce

Herbert Alexander Bruce (September 28, 1868 – June 23, 1963), served as the 15th Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1932 to 1937.

Biography
Born in Blackstock, Ontario near Port Perry, Bruce was educated as a surgeon at the University of Toronto and in Paris and Vienna. He was a member of the Royal College of Surgeons. He owned Wellesley Hospital in Toronto which he founded in 1911, and was a professor of surgery at the University of Toronto.

In 1916, during World War I, he was appointed inspector-general of the Canadian Army Medical Corps by Sir Sam Hughes, and attained the rank of colonel in the Canadian Army (Permanent Active Militia).

Bruce investigated medical practices in the army and issued a Report on the Canadian Army Medical Service which urged a complete reorganization of the medical corps. Few of his recommendations for general reorganization were immediately feasible from the military and economic points-of-view, and the manner of his appointment was protested by Sir William Osler as an affront to the medical profession. Bruce's report was disowned by the government at the time and he was dismissed from his duties, while his conservative patron, Hughes, was obliged to resign. In 1919, Bruce published Politics and the Canadian Army Medical Corps, criticizing the government for its actions but avoiding any specific denunciation of Hughes. Later in the war, as surgical consultant to the British forces, Bruce was able to advance some useful reforms in surgical management, including greater reliance on nurse-anesthetists and operating room technicians.

In 1920, Bruce purchased a farm on Bayview Avenue overlooking the Don Valley and built a Tudor-style mansion which he named Annandale.

In 1932, he was appointed Lieutenant Governor of Ontario by R.B. Bennett for a term that lasted until 1937. He often verbally clashed with new Ontario Premier Mitch Hepburn who attempted to curtail the extravagance of the vice-regal office in the face of the Great Depression. The lieutenant-governor's official residence, Chorley Park, was closed by the Hepburn government at the end of Bruce's term on the pretext of cutting costs.

While most lieutenant-governors are former politicians, Bruce took the unusual step of entering politics following his term as the King's representative. Following the sudden death of Conservative MP David Spence in the middle of the 1940 federal election campaign, Bruce contested and won Spence's seat in the House of Commons of Canada in the 1940 federal election. Sitting as the Conservative Member of Parliament for Parkdale, Bruce was an outspoken advocate of conscription. He was re-elected to a second term in the 1945 federal election, but retired from office in 1946.

His autobiography,  Varied Operations, was published in 1958. He died in Toronto on June 23, 1963. He is buried in section Q-143 in Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Herbert Alexander Bruce


text:
User talk:Markmtl

Welcome
Welcome!

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text:
Kingdom of Burgundy

Kingdom of Burgundy was a name given to various states located in Western Europe during the Middle Ages. The historical Burgundy correlates with the border area of France and Switzerland and includes the major modern cities of Geneva and Lyon.

As a political entity, Burgundy existed in a number of forms with different boundaries, notably, when it was divided into Upper and Lower Burgundy and Provence. Two of the entities, the first around the 6th century and the second around the 11th century, were called the Kingdom of Burgundy. At other times were the Kingdom of Provence, the Duchy of Burgundy and the County of Burgundy.

Kingdom of the Burgundians (411–534)

Burgundy is named after a Germanic tribe of Burgundians who may have originated on the island of Bornholm, whose name in Old Norse was Burgundarholmr ("Island of the Burgundians"). The Burgundian name may have also been a general Germanic name for "highlanders", as such may have been the name of more than one unrelated tribe. From their first documented location on the Middle Rhine, they migrated south into Roman Gaul and settled in large numbers in the territory of Sapaudia, in what is today western Switzerland and northeastern France, before expanding their domain further south to the Rhône valley, establishing a barbarian kingdom of the Burgundians.

The first documented, though not historically verified King of the Burgundians was Gjúki (Gebicca), who lived in the late 4th century. In the course of the Crossing of the Rhine in 406 the Burgundians settled as foederati in the Roman province of Germania Secunda along the Middle Rhine. Their situation worsened when about 430 their king Gunther started several invasions into neighbouring Gallia Belgica, which led to a crushing defeat by joined Roman and Hunnic troops under Flavius Aetius in 436 near Worms (the focus of the mediæval Nibelungenlied poem).

The remaining Burgundians from 443 onwards settled in the Sapaudia region, again as foederati in the Roman Maxima Sequanorum province (modern day western Switzerland and northeastern France). Their efforts to enlarge their kingdom down the Rhône river brought them into conflict with the Visigothic Kingdom in the south. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476, king Gundobad allied with the powerful Frank king Clovis I against the threat of Theoderic the Great. He was then able to organize the Burgundian acquisitions based on the Lex Burgundionum, an Early Germanic law code.

The decline of the Kingdom began when they came under attack from their former Frank allies. In 523 the sons of Clovis I campaigned in the Burgundian lands, instigated by their mother Clotilde, whose father king Chilperic II of Burgundy had been killed by Gundobad. In 532 the Burgundians were decisively defeated by the Franks at Autun, whereafter king Godomar was killed and Burgundian lands was annexed by the Frankish Empire in 534.

Merovingian Burgundy (534–751)

While there no longer was an independent Burgundian kingdom, Burgundy remained as one of the three main polities that together defined the core Frankish realm, together with Austrasia and Neustria. Between 561 and 592 and between 639 and 737, several rulers of the Frankish Merovingian dynasty used the title of "King of Burgundy".

Partitions of Charlemagne's empire by his immediate Carolingian heirs led to a short-lived kingdom of Middle Francia, which was created after the 843 Treaty of Verdun. It included lands from the North Sea to southern Italy and was ruled by emperor Lothair I. The northwestern part of the former Burgundian lands was included in the kingdom of West Francia as the Duchy of Burgundy, with its capital in Dijon.

Carolingian kingdom of Burgundy-Provence (855–863)
Shortly before his death in 855, Lothair I divided his kingdom among his three sons in three parts: Lotharingia, the Kingdom of Italy, and the regions of Lower Burgundy and Provence. The latter were left to the youngest son, thus known as Charles of Provence. This partition created more conflicts, as older Carolingians who ruled West Francia and East Francia viewed themselves as the true heirs of Middle Francia.

As Charles of Provence was too young to rule, the actual power was held by regent, count Girart II of Vienne whose wife was the sister-in-law of emperor Lothar I. Girart was a strong regent, defending the kingdom from Vikings, who raided as far as Valence. Charles' uncle, Charles the Bald of West Francia, attempted to intervene in Provence in 861 after receiving an appeal for intervention from the Count of Arles. He invaded Provence as far as Mâcon before being restrained by Hincmar of Rheims.

In 858, Count Girart arranged that should Charles of Provence die without heirs, the Kingdom of Provence would revert to Charles' older brother Lothair II who ruled in Lotharingia. When Charles died in 863, his oldest brother Louis II claimed Provence for himself, so the kingdom was divided between the two remaining brothers: Lothair II received the bishoprics of Lyon, Vienne and Grenoble, to be governed by Girart; and Louis II received Arles, Aix-en-provence and Embrun.

After the death of Lothair II, the 870 Treaty of Meerssen allotted the northern part of former Middle Francia to King Louis the German of East Francia and the southern lands of Charles of Provence to King Charles the Bald of West Francia.

Bosonid and Welf Burgundy (879–1033)

After the overthrow of Charles the Bald in 877, followed by the death of his son Louis the Stammerer two years later, the Frankish noble Boso of Provence proclaimed himself a "King of Burgundy and Provence" at Vienne in 879. This kingdom lasted until Boso's death in 887. in 888, Rudolph I of Burgundy of the Elder House of Welf carved out his own kingdom of Upper Burgundy, centered on Lake Geneva and including the lands around Besançon that later became the Franche-Comté. Meanwhile, Boso's child son Louis, later known as Louis the Blind, became king of Lower Burgundy in Valence in 890. In 933, Rudolph's son and heir Rudolph II acquired Lower Burgundy and merged the two kingdoms into a single Kingdom of Burgundy.

Kingdom of Arles within the Holy Roman Empire (after 1033)

The Kingdom of Burgundy existed independently until 1033, even though the reality of its monarchs' power did not extend much beyond the region of Lake Geneva. In 1033 it was absorbed into the Holy Roman Empire under Conrad II who received its crown twice, first at Payerne Abbey in February 1033 and then, after repelling a challenge from Odo II of Blois, at Geneva Cathedral on 1 August 1034. Burgundy thereafter was one of the three kingdoms within the medieval Empire, along with the Kingdom of Germany and the Kingdom of Italy. From the 12th century it was also known as Kingdom of Arles.

The kingdom gradually fragmented as it was divided among heirs, or territories were lost and acquired through diplomacy and dynastic marriages. Emperors generally neglected its administration, even though Frederick I and Charles IV both performed a Burgundian coronation ceremony in Arles, in 1178 and 1365 respectively. Frederick also convened an imperial diet in Besançon in 1157 that highlighted the importance of the regnum Burgundiae within the Empire.

Valois revival attempt

In the late 15th century Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, conceived the project of combining his territories (the Duchy of Burgundy, Franche-Comté and the Burgundian Netherlands) into a revived Kingdom of Burgundy with himself as king. Charles and Emperor Frederick III undertook negotiations that may have led to a coronation ceremony at Trier. The planned ceremony did not take place because the emperor fled during the night in September 1473, due to displeasure with the duke's attitude. The duchy ultimately ended as an independent realm with the defeat and death of Charles at the Battle of Nancy in 1477.

title: Kingdom of Burgundy


text:
Michael McManus (Canadian actor)

Michael McManus (born April 15, 1962 ) is a Canadian actor who played the ex-assassin Kai in the science fiction series Lexx.

Early life
Michael McManus was born on April 15, 1962, in London, Ontario, Canada.

Career
He has appeared in various television and film roles including Forever Knight, A Taste of Shakespeare, and the 1994 film Paint Cans, opposite Neve Campbell.

title: Michael McManus (Canadian actor)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mr. X Quotes

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Linuxbeak | Talk 22:13, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Mr. X Quotes
Useless collection of unidentified and nonsensical quotes. Anon editors have continually deleted tags added to the article calling for significant improvements, but really have no case on which to claim this page is needed. Harro5 10:26, 10 October 2005 (UTC) Do not delete this page. the authers are my friends. they put their sweat and blood into this, and it provides insight. KEEP. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.50.183.150 (talk • contribs)
 * Delete : The page claims "This page helps understand how the mind behaves in stressful situations", the very personification of the nonsensical. Manik Raina 10:32, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as unverifiable. — J I P | Talk 10:39, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, speedily if possible, for having no context (though it's not "very short"), being borderline patent nonsense, and serving only to disparage its subject. --Angr/undefined 11:19, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Press your BJAODN button with confidence. Non-notable, but I laughed. --Last Malthusian 11:45, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable, unencyclopedic, not even a joke.Logophile 14:45, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as utterly pointless drivel.--Isotope23 16:32, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete pointless --pgk( talk ) 18:37, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as unencyclopedic nonsense, although not patent nonsense. MCB 03:17, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per all Delete votes above. --Metropolitan90 03:25, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Why delete a page that makes you laugh its funny and shows the mind of a maths teacher who has put up with strange weird loud pupils for however long he has been teaching, go on just let this one go. (anon reader) 09:30, 12 October 2005 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.50.183.150 (talk • contribs)
 * Do not delete! This is a truly great experiment and should be brought to everyones attention. (anon) 9:50, 12 October 2005 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.50.183.150 (talk • contribs)

"THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE QUOTES

The quotes allow a general viewer to receive a better insight into the mind of not just one man, but humans in general. The quotes give a clear indication of how the mind works in certain stressful situations, and the thought processes that appear in many people's mind that link thoughts and ideas into a single sentence. The quotes also, therefore introduce the power of the spoken word, showing how a single message can be used to convey a thought or idea much better than a single action. The quotes also allow people to view the expressions that build in a human's vocabulary as (s)he increases in age, and the frequency (s)he uses said sayings to those that have never heard them before, and in turn passes these sayings to those people which they have relayed the comment to. These people, in turn, may adopt one or more of these sayings and use them in another situation in which the comment makes sense, and so the circle continues.

This article is clearly one that gives an insight into the human mind, and I think it is of clear importance to the community. It contains mannerisms of a personality, and can be used how the user wishes to. If a user has no imagination, then the quotes seem little more than a watse of time where no information is contained. Others, however, will feel that this does have some significance to their lves and the information that they receive in them. They need to be able to understand that while the quotes give no information in a sense, in another sense the quotes are very useful, and informative, because they give us all a look at the mind of a human and their speech patterns. As well as this, the quotes give an indication of wisdom, and enlightenment, and in this sense they give information. They are significant, as without them many would not be able to view key human speech pattern information and it's relevance in today's stressful society."

This is what is said in the article. I put it there just in case people do not bother to read the pages they vote to delete, as I know is often the case. I have used Wikipedia for years. I am a memeber, as you can see, but not for any length of time. These quotes are what they say they are, however, if you feel that the information that they provide is not apparant to the average Wikipedia surfer, then obviously that is fine. I would say that I would vote to keep the quotes, as I do believe they are worthy of Wikipedia. May I point out that the quotes have been on Wikipedia  three weeks. Has anyone been hurt in that time, by those quotes? Maybe they have.

KEEP --Chardonnay 22:23, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Scirus

Scirus was a comprehensive science-specific search engine, first launched in 2001. Like CiteSeerX and Google Scholar, it was focused on scientific information. Unlike CiteSeerX, Scirus was not only for computer sciences and IT and not all of the results included full text. It also sent its scientific search results to Scopus, an abstract and citation database covering scientific research output globally. Scirus was owned and operated by Elsevier. In 2013 an announcement appeared, on the Scirus homepage, announcing the site's retirement in 2014:

 * "We are sad to say goodbye. Scirus is set to retire in early 2014. An official retirement date will be posted here as soon as it is determined. To ensure a smooth transition, we are informing you now so that you have sufficient time to find an alternative search solution for science-specific content. Thank you for being a devoted user of Scirus. We have enjoyed serving you."

By February 2014, the Scirus homepage indicated that the service was no longer running.

title: Scirus


text:
User:Van831kris

Van831kris means my name and birthday. van is my first name while kris is my middle name. 831 means 8-august and 31-day, august 31, 1991. thankz.

title: User:Van831kris


text: Category:Religious buildings and structures in London


text:
Kittel (surname)

Kittel is a surname and given name. Notable people with the name include:
 * Kittel Halvorson (1846–1936), a U.S. Representative from Minnesota
 * Adolf Kittel, Czech middle-distance runner
 * Bertold Kittel (pl)
 * Bruno Kittel (1922–?), Nazi officer
 * Bruno Kittel (conductor) (1870–1948), German violinist and conductor (de)
 * Caspar Kittel (1603–1639), a German composer
 * Charles Kittel (1916-2019), American physicist
 * Christoph Kittel (fl. 1640-1680), German organist
 * Elżbieta Zawadowska-Kittel (pl)
 * Emmy Kittel (1878–1930), Czech operatic soprano
 * Eugen Kittel (1859–1946), German engineer (de)
 * Ferdinand Kittel (1832–1903), German priest, missionary and indologist
 * August Wilson (1945–2005) (born Frederick August Kittel), American playwright
 * Gerhard Kittel (1888–1948), German theologian and lexicographer of biblical languages
 * Heinrich Kittel (1892–1969), German officer
 * Helmuth Kittel (1902–1984), German theologian
 * Hermine Kittel (1879–1948), Austrian singer
 * Johann Christian Kittel (1732–1809), German composer
 * Kaspar Kittel, the composer also known as Caspar Kittel (see above)
 * Marcel Kittel (born 1988), German cyclist
 * Marlon Kittel (born 1983), German actor
 * Martin Baldwin Kittel (1796–1885)
 * Nicolaus Kittel (1830s–1870), German-Russian bow maker
 * Otto Kittel (1917–1945), Silesian-German World War II pilot
 * Rudolf Kittel (1853–1929), German Old Testament scholar
 * Jan Bedřich Kittl/Johann Friedrich Kittl
 * Walter Kittel
 * Zygmunt Kittel

title: Kittel (surname)


text:
Ticknall

Ticknall is a small village and civil parish in South Derbyshire, England. The population of the civil parish (including Calke) at the 2011 Census was 642. Situated on the A514 road, close to Melbourne, it has three pubs, several small businesses, and a primary school. Two hundred years ago it was considerably larger and noisier with lime quarries, tramways and potteries. Coal was also dug close to the village. Close to the village is Calke Abbey, now a National Trust property.

History
The old village of Tichenhalle is mentioned in the Domesday Book in the Hundred of Walecros in the county of Derbyshire. Ticknall was an estate village to Calke Abbey until late in the 20th century and reached its heyday in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, when the limeyards and the brickmaking, tile and pottery industries were operating at maximum capacity. The census of 1851 returned a population of 1,241, double the present number of around 650.

Dame Catherine Harpur, wife of Sir John Harpur, founded a village school in 1744, to provide free education for the boys and girls of Ticknall and the surrounding parishes. From 1903 to 1987, the school was a voluntary controlled Church of England primary school. The school is now operated as an independent charitable school.

Since the neighbouring Calke Abbey changed its status in 1984 from long-standing private occupation by the Harpur-Crewe family to semi-public administration by the National Trust, much of the village has changed. The break-up of the former estate has meant the sale of cottages and building land, altering not only the randomness of the architecture, but also the dilution of the former feudal relationship between the villagers and their somewhat reclusive lords of the manor. The village has developed with examples of new buildings and renovations. Near the entrance to Calke Abbey is Tramway Bridge, which is now a Grade II listed structure. There is also a tramway tunnel, almost 140 yards in length, under the drive to Calke Abbey. The National Trust restored it in the 1990s and it can be traversed on foot. It was built in 1802 by the Derbyshire engineer Benjamin Outram to carry the former Ticknall Tramway and subsequently connect the brickyards and limeyards around the village to the Ashby canal at Willesley Basin. It was too costly to build the expensive locks that would have been required to bring the canal to Ticknall, so the tramway was constructed as a cheaper alternative. Although abandoned in 1915, the tramway can still be traced intermittently along its route, which passed through the estate of Calke Abbey where two tunnels were needed.

At the start of the 19th century the Ticknall Limeyards were operated by two different classes of people, namely freeholders and tenants. Some of the freeholders in the parish had their own limeyards while others were worked by tenants for the Harpur-Crewe and Burdett families. As the century progressed the freeholders went bankrupt for various reasons while the tenants of the Harpur-Crewe family gave up because of the high rents charged and general mismanagement of the limeyards.

The village has three pubs: The Wheel, The Staff of Life and the Chequers Inn. The latter dates from the 17th century. On the lanes throughout the village are several water pumps. These sturdy and attractive cast-iron devices were introduced into the village around 1914 by Sir Harper Crewe to what was then the estate village to provide fresh water. Several of these unusual pumps still work and are still used by walkers.

In June 2023 the rare hazel dormouse was reintroduced to woodland in the National Forest near Calke Abbey. Thirty-eight dormice were released by wildlife charity People's Trust for Endangered Species.

Cricket
Ticknall Cricket Club is an English amateur cricket club with a history of cricket in the village dating back to the 1850s. The club ground is on The Grange, Repton Road. Ticknall field three senior teams in the Derbyshire County Cricket League and run a junior training section that plays competitive cricket in the South Derbyshire Development Group.

Notable residents

 * Ted Moult, TV personality, farmed here.
 * John Smith, who was awarded the VC, was born here in 1814.
 * Henry Dennis, hymnist and composer, was born here in 1818.

Gallery
 File:St George Ticknall with remains of old church.jpg|St George Ticknall with remains of old church File:Ticknall Methodist Chapel.JPG|Ticknall Methodist Chapel File:Ticknall Water Pump.JPG|One of several Water Pumps File:Staff of Life Ticknall.jpg|Staff of Life File:Chequers Inn Ticknall.jpg|Chequers Inn

title: Ticknall


text:
Talk:Kalamaki

Disambiguation
This has now been created as a disambiguation.

Regarding the articles in "What Links Here" relating to the dish, I plan to remove the wikilinks as it is another name for Souvlaki and the relevant articles already link there.

The current two places are from the Times Atlas. There are other links from "What Links Here" referring to places which may or may not be relevant to the two listed places. I will ask for advice on each of the talk pages for clarification. Depending on the advice, I will either link them to the relevant article or create a new article. I will also ask for relevant evidence.

I will also ask for advice on the Village Pump on whether we have a Greek version of Wikipedia and, if so, how to leave messages there asking for assistance. I will also see if there are any relevant Greek wikiprojects. Capitalistroadster 10:31, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The Greek Wikipedia next door at has only Κάδμιο and Κάλεβαλα. Pity. Pilatus 22:41, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

AfD result
— J I P | Talk 16:46, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kalamaki


text: Category:Prisons in London

title: Category:Prisons in London


text:
Kingdom of Hejaz

The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية, Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāziyyah Al-Hāshimiyyah) was a state in the Hejaz region of Western Asia that included the western portion of the Arabian Peninsula that was ruled by the Hashemite dynasty. It was self-proclaimed as a kingdom in June 1916 during the First World War, to be independent from the Ottoman Empire, on the basis of an alliance with the British Empire to drive the Ottoman Army from the Arabian Peninsula during the Arab Revolt.

The British government had promised Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz, a single independent Arab state that would include, in addition to the Hejaz region, modern-day Jordan, Iraq, and most of Syria, with the fate of the Palestine region (today's Israel and Palestine) being mentioned in more ambiguous terms. However, at the end of the First World War, the Treaty of Versailles turned Syria into a French League of Nations mandate and Iraq, Mandate Palestine and Transjordan into British mandates. Hashemite princes were installed as monarchs under the British mandates in Transjordan and Iraq; this became known as the Sharifian solution.

Relations with the British Empire further deteriorated when more Jews moved to Palestine, as the area was defined under the British rule. Hussein refused to ratify the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, and, in response to a 1921 British proposal to sign a treaty accepting the Mandate system, stated that he could not be expected to "affix his name to a document assigning Palestine to the Zionists and Syria to foreigners". A further British attempt to reach a treaty failed in 1923–24 and negotiations were suspended in March 1924; within six months the British withdrew their support in favour of their central Arabian ally Ibn Saud, who proceeded to conquer Hussein's kingdom.

On 23 September 1932, the Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd was unified with the other Saudi dominions, creating the unified Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Background
In 1908, the Young Turks took over the Ottoman Empire, and in 1909 when a counter-coup failed, the Young Turks "secularized" the government. Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, was appointed by the previous Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and did not favor the Young Turks; his opposition to the empire grew over time, culminating in the Arab Revolt.

History
In their capacity as Caliphs, the Sultans of the Ottoman Empire would appoint an official known as the Sharif of Mecca. The role went to a member of the Hashemite family, but the Sultans typically promoted Hashemite intra-familial rivalries in their choice, preventing the building of a solid base of power in the Sharif.

With the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, the Sultan, Mehmed V, in his capacity as Caliph, declared a jihad against the Entente powers. The British in particular hoped to co-opt the Sharif as a weighty alternative religious figure backing them in the conflict. The British already had a series of treaties with other Arab leaders in the region and were also fearful that the Hejaz could be used as a base to attack their shipping to and from India.

The Sharif was cautious but, after discovering that the Ottomans planned to remove and possibly murder him, agreed to work with the British if they would support a wider Arab Revolt and the establishment of an independent Arab Kingdom — the British implied they would. After the Ottomans executed other Arab nationalist leaders in Damascus and Beirut, the Hejaz rose against and soundly defeated them, almost completely expelling them (Medina remaining under Ottoman control throughout).

In June 1916, Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, declared himself King of Hejaz as his Sharifian Army participated with other Arab Forces and the British Empire in expelling the Ottomans from the Arabian Peninsula.

The US State Department quotes an aide-mémoire dated 24 October 1917 given by the Arab Bureau to the American Diplomatic Agency in Cairo confirming that "...Great Britain, France and Russia agreed to recognize the Sherif as lawful independent ruler of the Hedjaz and to use the title of "King of the Hedjaz" when addressing him, and a note to this effect was handed to him on 10 December 1916."

The British, though, were compromised by their agreement to give the French control of Syria (comprising modern-day Syria and Lebanon) and did not, in Hussein's eyes, honour their commitments. Nevertheless, they did eventually create Hashemite-ruled kingdoms (in protectorate form) in Transjordan and in Iraq, as well as Hejaz. The changing boundaries of the Ottoman Hejaz Vilayet contributed to uncertainties between the neighbouring Hashemite kingdoms, particularly the competing claim with Transjordan over the inclusion of the sanjak of Ma'an, including the cities of Ma'an and Aqaba.

King Hussein refused to ratify the 1919 Treaty of Versailles, and in response to a 1921 British proposal to sign a treaty accepting the Mandate system stated that he could not be expected to "affix his name to a document assigning Palestine to the Zionists and Syria to foreigners." A further British attempt to reach a treaty failed in 1923–24, and negotiations were suspended in March 1924; within six months the British withdrew their support in favour of their central Arabian ally Ibn Saud, who proceeded to conquer Hussein's Kingdom.

The League of Nations Covenant provided for membership to the signatories of the Peace Treaties; the Hejaz was one of two (the other one was the United States) that failed to ratify Versailles.

title: Kingdom of Hejaz


text:
Talk:The Potato Eaters

Untitled
Beware, there are two versions of this painting. Both are done by van Gogh.

First of all, there is a version in the KMM (Kroller Muller Museum) in Park de Hoge Veluwe. And another, the variant, is part of the permanent collection in the VGM (van Gogh Museum) in Amsterdam.This paiting is deticated to Corey Torjesen

http://www.vangoghmuseum.nl/collection/catalog/vgmpainting.asp?ARTID=1&SEL=1

Besides that, the Boymans Van Beuningen Museum in Rotterdam has also some van Gogh's from the Aardappeleters-period.

 * Well, and I have just pasted the link to an image from Wikimedia Commons which shows the lithograph executed 1885 in Nuenen, a bit before the final version.
 * But the link does not wwork properly: The title does not show, and the image is too large. Please help! --R.P.D. 17:04, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

I've tidied this up a bit and added a section 'Influence of the Hague School'. Rinpoche (talk) 00:58, 23 August 2010 (UTC)
 * What's the point of the left hand study? It's very poor and there are no details for it. I'd rather have the nice litho mentioned above. There's also a high resolution Kroller-Muller in the commons but that's just a repro from a T&H sort thing. Will I be shot dead if I switch to the litho a few days hence? Rinpoche (talk) 02:17, 23 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Leave the study and add the litho as a third image - it's an important seminal work...Modernist (talk) 05:02, 23 August 2010 (UTC)
 * I've added the nicer of the two lithograph images in WikiCommons but I can't relate the impression to any of those listed by David Brooks on his site. Anyone can do that appreciated.Rinpoche (talk) 19:27, 23 August 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on The Potato Eaters. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120309044045/http://www.kmm.nl/object/KM%20109.982/The-potato-eaters?artist=Vincent%20van%20Gogh%20(1853%20-%201890)&characteristic=&characteristic_type=Painting&van=0&tot=0&start=0&fromsearch=1 to http://www.kmm.nl/object/KM%20109.982/The-potato-eaters?artist=Vincent%20van%20Gogh%20%281853%20-%201890%29&characteristic=&characteristic_type=Painting&van=0&tot=0&start=0&fromsearch=1

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Critical reception
It would be helpful to know how the critics received the painting. This is touched on, but I've read elsewhere that other critics during van Gogh's lifetime were harsh toward the painting. Why? And why is it now referred as a masterpiece? Simple because van Gogh painted it? Lashdown1 (talk) 12:47, 7 October 2021 (UTC)
 * I doubt it was exhibited during his lifetime at all, like most of his works. Johnbod (talk) 14:16, 7 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Oh, perhaps it was, in a gallery. Johnbod (talk) 14:26, 7 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Potato Eaters


text:
Talk:Medium-density fibreboard

Changing the title to match the spelling of the rest of the article.
It currently uses the British spelling "fibre." Should we change it to be more consistent with the rest of the article (and the rest of Wikipedia?) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 130.127.255.231 (talk • contribs) 13:14, November 17, 2011 (UTC)

 * The discrepancy should be corrected. A look at the edit history shows that both the title and the text used the British spelling from the article's creation on July 24, 2003 until an IP edit changed the spelling in the text on October 17, 2007, with no discussion or explanation. This was an improper move.

 * In WP:ENGVAR cases, it's only necessary that the spelling be consistent within an individual article, not across all of Wikipedia, and in the case of fibre/fiber, the spelling is not consistent anyway (see Fiberboard, Fibre-reinforced plastic and Fibre optic gyroscope). The title spelling has been stable for eight years, and moving the article is a more drastic step than fixing one term in the text; IMHO reinstating the UK spelling in the text is the better solution. Ewulp (talk) 09:08, 18 November 2011 (UTC)

It should be "fiber" since that is how it is used by ANSI and ASTM. and — Preceding unsigned comment added by GosuCactu5 (talk • contribs) 12:07, June 28, 2013 (UTC)

 * Both ANSI and ASTM are based in the USA and so use US English; many other standards organizations (such as BSI Group) use UK spelling. Ewulp (talk) 03:07, 29 June 2013 (UTC)

Checking for defects?
I'm wondering about the following in the manufacturing paragraph: "All chips are then washed and checked for defects." OK, washing is easy, but how do they check all chips for defects?!? 71.113.18.8 16:26, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

wow Is MDF banned in Boston?

Well, IS MDF banned in America? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 201.6.25.172 (talk • contribs).
 * Nope, it's for sale right down the street at my neighborhood Home Depot store.

 * Atlant 23:51, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I've added a comment to the text clarifying that MDF is not actually banned in America. It is available at my local Home Depot in Texas as well. -- Bovineone 05:15, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

Be very careful, I worked with MDF for about a year, carving and sanding it. Now I have real lung issues. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.178.162.227 (talk) 01:41, 4 August 2010 (UTC)
 * That would almost certainly apply if you worked with any wood product for a year without proper respiratory protection. Hope you're OK though. --HandyAndy100 (talk) 17:11, 9 October 2018 (UTC)

Trivia in Main section?
The stuff in the last paragraph should go in a Trivia section —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 213.139.195.162 (talk • contribs).
 * This is Wikipedia, so you know what to do: be bold!

 * Atlant 19:10, 3 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I've split the article into more sections, and that last paragraph is now in a "In media" section. Perhaps you think trivia is indeed a better name for that section. -- Bovineone 23:47, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

The plug for Norboard should probably be removed. (6 March 2009) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 222.149.233.108 (talk) 06:23, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

Hardboard is not High Density Fiberboard
It seems to me there is a difference between hardboard and HDF (high density fiberboard). HDF is a kind of MDF with a higher density. Hardboard is manufactured in a different way. At least that are the names we use in business here in Belgium JurgenG 15:47, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

Article needs
Not enought facts about MDF, like: MDF is cheaper than using natural woods, lighter, easier to work with, although MDF has limited water resistence. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 81.240.189.101 (talk • contribs).

 * Please feel free to be bold and make improvements to the article!

 * Atlant 13:15, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I just came here to see exactly what MDF is. I've never seen an article with so many "Citation needed".  Isn't it exagerating a bit?  I mean, if we take care of all the CN, the reference section will be as big as the article itself!  I'd go for removing most of them; you can't ask to cite almost every sentence. - Lyverbe (talk) 20:07, 2 May 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree, & removed many of them. The refimprove template at the top of the page serves the purpose; no need to tag almost every sentence individually. Ewulp (talk) 20:34, 2 May 2008 (UTC)

Cleanup Needed
The health risks section needs expansion, and a section on sources and statistics relating to MDF would be appropriate. Or perhaps some (or most!) of this should be shifted to the fibreboard page...

Editing continues....  DavidDouthitt  (Talk) 17:55, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

the picture of decking seems wrong
The picture of the pink decking looks like plastic "Trex" rather than wood-based MDF. --Markhu 23:36, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

I found that interesting too, so I followed the link provided to the contributor's website, which confirms it's not MDF: "I originally thought that this material was MDF, but on of my readers, Paul in Brisbane told me that it is a product called "Modwood"." It Goes on to say it is "Made from recycled wood and plastic".--Adx (talk) 05:14, 21 March 2008 (UTC)

finition
"High finition for powder lacking"

I don't think finition is a word. Any idea what's intended here? - Dougher (talk) 15:15, 7 April 2008 (UTC)

MDF a Substitute to Wood
MDF basically was created to be a substitute to Wood and Wood based materials.

In usage it is a mixture of all products- Particle Board / Plywood / Wood.

One cannot compare it with only Plywood or Particle Board. It needs to be compared more with Wood than any other wood based product for the inherent qualities that it attracts upon manufacture out of fibres.

Since it was substitute to Wood - Forest Conservation was the main idea behind the creator of MDF. The base materials of MDF are the short cycle tree plantations such as Eucylyptus and Acacia species.

MDF can be be carved like any other wood despite the fact that it is manufactured in board format.

Suresh Kumar Mansukhani - New Delhi- India

The article deserves at least a mention of MDF's main weakness--it soaks up water like a sponge. This makes it completely unsuitable for many outdoor & high humidity applications (eg. a kitchen counter top) unless special precautions are taken to seal it. The current first paragraph leaves the reader with the impression MDF is a man-made do-all wonder product. guy48065 3/2012

True but it depends upon the manufacturing process and the chemicals used for bonding the fibres to make MDF. If Phyenol is used than it may not soak up water like sponge whereas if Urea is used than maybe it would be possible. In India MDF is availbale in 2 variants Interior Grade and Exterior Grade. The Exterior Grade is the one which is water resistant and the Interior Grade is non water resistant- Suresh Kumar Mansukhani  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 182.68.190.212 (talk) 02:04, 11 August 2012 (UTC)

mounderboard
Mounderboard also known as light-density-fiberboard was invented in 2008 by Gavin Kelly after he munted his mum —Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.109.202.83 (talk) 22:34, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

WTF, this looks a little odd to me. Perhaps another look at this quotation is needed.

98.19.137.171 (talk) 21:11, 19 December 2011 (UTC)Electrothump

MDF like Particleboard was invented to utilize our resources
Particleboard was a Swiss invention following WWII to utilize all of the fallen timber in Europe, especially in Switzerland, Austria, Southern Germany and France, which was no longer suitable for saw mills to process into dimensioned lumber.

The Fahrni Institute, Zurich, held the first patent and their trademark "Novapan" to this day circles the globe.

MDF came to be, as particleboard did not have an edge that can be shaped or profiled like solid wood.

Today in North America, most MDF and PB (particleboard) is manufactured using wood residuals and sawdust from sawmill and other wood processing operations.

In North America, VERY little round wood (whole trees) is harvested for MDF or PB production. 98.222.223.151 (talk) 15:48, 8 September 2009 (UTC)Jim Kinman

what is mdf used for
mdf is used for every thing nerely —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.144.46.94 (talk) 11:40, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

Isotropic?
In my experience MDF is definitely much stronger in 2 dimensions than the third - even a quite small nail will split MDF into layers. --njh (talk) 03:12, 19 March 2010 (UTC)

The "Comparison with natural woods" section that states that MDF is NOT entirely isotropic, and later states that one of its benefits is being isotropic. So, which is it?

I've changed this - MDF is definitely not isotropic due to the alignment of the wood fibres. --HandyAndy100 (talk) 16:59, 9 October 2018 (UTC)

MDF
Maggots, Dogs and fury friends —Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.43.64.72 (talk) 13:57, 9 September 2010 (UTC)

Sections deleted
Why these sections were deleted? Maybe it is worth reverting these changes? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Trolzen (talk • contribs) 22:39, 4 October 2011 (UTC)

 * ✅. I am also mystified at these unexplained deletions of several sections of this article. And so I reverted those deletions, as you suggested. --DavidCary (talk) 03:25, 20 November 2013 (UTC)

mdf is (typically) heavier than wood
a similar size of wooden plank is lighter, more water resistant and more resistant to mechanical stress than its mdf substitute. and wood is arguably aesthetically more appealing. i am not sure if these important downsides to mdf are represented with due weight in the article. 80.99.38.199 (talk) 17:25, 24 October 2017 (UTC).

 * Wood-wood doesn't come in four-foot wide sheets, ready-thicknessed and surfaced, for the price of MDF. Andy Dingley (talk) 17:37, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

 * ...and wood-wood isn't necessarily more resistant to mechanical stress than MDF. Depends on many, many factors. For example, a screw in to the face grain of wood is much more likely to cause a split than a screw in to the face grain of MDF. Also aesthetics are entirely down to the end project. If you want a white bookcase with no visible grain then MDF wins hands down. If you want a solid oak bookcase with visible grain then solid oak wins hands down. --HandyAndy100 (talk) 17:05, 9 October 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Medium-density fibreboard


text:
User talk:Ianb1469

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title: User talk:Ianb1469