text:
Talk:Pittance

newbie:rant

Untitled
Ok. Owing to my curiosity: why do this page need to be deleted?

It was created because

A I did not have an exact definition of the word, even though I've encountered it several times.

B Did not find it once i looked it up in Wikipedia.

C Quick googling yielded a meaningful definition that I found useful, and really missed in the Wikipedia

What i really would like to know, is where..

D Short, meaningful explaination posted on Wikipedia.

..did go wrong.

If it's too short (sub-stub length), too inaccurate or in any other way sub-standard I'd like to know, as that could be rememedied, and would, for future reference be quite useful.

If it's because articles that are really only word definitions, and in no way have potential to be more, should be on Wiktionary, I really need some mental readjustment, and will be left feeling somewhat disappointed from the fact that there will be no useful information on pittance the first and most obvious place I would have looked.

Enlight me please? Likeem 11:39, 11 October 2005 (UTC) /newbie:rant

Move to wiktionary?
I'm a relative newbie when it comes to the actual editing of Wikipedia, but is there a way to move this article to Wiktionary? I did some research and it looks like there was some "transwiki" process, but I couldn't find the particulars of this.

This article is interesting, given the historical definition of the word "pittance", but I'm not sure it merits its own Wikipedia article. LimonesMI (talk) 20:22, 29 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pittance


text:
Eye bank

Eye banks recover, prepare and deliver donated eyes for cornea transplants and research. The first successful cornea transplant was performed in 1905 and the first eye bank was founded in 1944. Currently, in the United States, eye banks provide tissue for over 80,000 cornea transplants each year to treat conditions such as keratoconus and corneal scarring. In some cases, the white of the eye (sclera) is used to surgically repair recipient eyes. Unlike other organs and tissues, corneas are in adequate supply for transplants in the United States, and excess tissue is exported internationally, where there are shortages in many countries, due to greater demand and a less-developed eye banking infrastructure.

History
In 1905, when Eduard Konrad Zirm, MD, performed the first successful full thickness corneal transplant, a long line of corneal transplantation, research and techniques began. During its existence, Zirm's eye bank, located in a rural area of Austria, treated over 47,000 patients.

Ramón Castroviejo, a Spanish ophthalmologist, was an influential figure in both European and American developments in corneal transplantation, particularly from the 1920s through the 1940s. During his research fellowship at the Mayo Clinic, he developed a double-bladed knife for square grafts and conducted research that culminated in the development of new keratoplasty techniques.

The 1940s not only brought improvements to corneal transplantation, but also an incentive to mainstream those procedures into eye banking. R. Townley Paton, a renowned American ophthalmologist had become affiliated with Manhattan Eye, Ear & Throat Hospital, where he began performing corneal transplants with privately acquired tissue. After performing many corneal transplants, Paton came to the conclusion that a formal system of eye collection needed to be developed – thus, the eye bank was born. In 1944, Paton established the world's first eye bank, the Eye-Bank for Sight Restoration, in New York.

The establishment of the world's first eye bank was only the beginning of the great steps taken to improve corneal transplantation and to increase eye banking's influence in the transplantation community. In 1955, 27 ophthalmologists (representing 12 eye banks), met with four major medical groups under the auspices of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology (AAO&O). During that meeting, a Committee on Eye-Banks was formed and Paton was named chairman.

Between 1956 and 1960, the Committee met numerous times, discussing various challenges shared by eye-banks, such as methods for increasing eye donations, the need for central clearing houses and the urgent need for uniform legislation in the eye-bank field. In October 1961, the Committee of Eye-Banks formed the Association during an organizational meeting in Chicago and named it the Eye Bank Association of America (EBAA).

Recovery of eye tissue
"Recovery" refers to the retrieval of organs or tissues from a deceased organ donor. Recovery is currently the preferred term; although "harvesting" and "procurement" have been used in the past, they are considered inappropriate, harsh, and potentially inaccurate.

When an organ/tissue donor dies, consent for donation is obtained either from a donor registry or from the donor's next of kin. A recovery technician is then dispatched to the hospital, funeral home, or medical examiner's office to recover the donor's eyes. The recovery occurs within hours of the death of the donor. The entire eye, called the globe, may be surgically removed (enucleated), or only the cornea may be excised in-situ and placed in storage media. There is a wide variety of storage media used in eye banking. Commercial preparations as well as organ culture medium can preserve corneas. The eye tissue is then transported to the eye bank for examination and preparation.

Laboratory processing
A sample of the donor's blood is also collected to test for infectious diseases such as HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human cytomegalovirus, syphilis, and sometimes others. The blood type is also tested, although corneas do not receive any blood supply and type matching is not necessary for transplantation.

If the entire eye is enucleated during the original recovery, then the cornea and part of the sclera are removed and placed in a container with preservation medium, and the sclera is cleaned and then preserved in alcohol. The corneas are visually examined and evaluated underneath a slit-lamp, and the number of endothelial cells is counted underneath a specular microscope.

Regulations
The Eye Bank Association of America (EBAA) was established in 1961, and its members include eye banks that operate not only in the United States, but also in Canada, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The EBAA has established comprehensive medical standards for eye banks, and the standardized the training and certification of eye bank technicians. These interventions are considered major contributions to the current safety of eye transplantation. The EBAA is the national accrediting agency for eye banks. Accreditation requires site visits at least once every three years by the EBAA to evaluate adherence to established standards and quality control. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) licenses eye banks, and conducts their own inspections, typically on a two-to-three year cycle.

To avoid violating the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, eye banks must, through their legal anatomical authorizations, obtain consent for Eye Bank Association of America representatives to gain access to donor information for accreditation reviews.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Eye bank


text:
User talk:Grawity

ArbCom 2022 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2022 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2022 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:22, 29 November 2022 (UTC)

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:24, 28 November 2023 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for July 14
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited OnStar, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page LTE. Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, --DPL bot (talk) 07:09, 14 July 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Grawity


text:
Talk:Sageika

Kalamaki
Kalamaki is listed as a nearby village or town. Could someone please advise as to whether it applies to either of the locations listed on that page or another location? I would also appreciate advice on references. I would be grateful if you could leave a message on my talk page if you have any information on this matter for me.

Capitalistroadster 09:47, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

I can't figure out where is this place in the world! The references are too loocal! Is this in Greece?

title: Talk:Sageika


text:
Adam Duce

Adam Duce (born April 14, 1972) is an American musician, best known as a founding member and former bassist of the heavy metal band Machine Head. He played in the band for over 21 years before his firing in 2013.

Biography
While still a child, Duce was often sent to rehabilitation institutes by his parents; later in life he got involved with drugs, even spending periods in drug rehab because of drug overdoses. At the age of 11, he was sent to a reform school in Texas for two years. He explained the reason for this in an interview: "I had too much energy for my body to contain." In that school, he lost touch with the outside world's art, especially music.

He was introduced to rock music with AC/DC's album For Those About to Rock We Salute You.

He has been a close friend with former Machine Head guitarist Logan Mader since childhood. After getting out of the reform school, Mader introduced him to metal music with bands such as Slayer, Metallica, Exodus, King Diamond, Celtic Frost and Sacrilege B.C.

Around 1987, Duce and Mader both decided to start playing the guitar, but after several unsuccessful attempts at forming a band, Mader persuaded him to play bass instead, since at the time they could not find a bassist. Duce accepted, and he became the bassist in what would become Machine Head.

Duce points out that his main influences come from bass players such as Cliff Burton, Geezer Butler, Steve Harris, although he plays bass using a pick rather than fingers.

Machine Head
Duce met Robb Flynn through a common friend when he was 16, and they later became roommates. At the time, Flynn was playing in the Bay Area thrash metal band Vio-lence. In 1991, they got involved in a big fight with a local gang in Oakland, California, where they lived. This led to Flynn leaving Vio-lence and served as a catalyst for the forming of a new band – Machine Head. Retaining a desire to write music, Flynn recruited Duce, guitarist Logan Mader and drummer Tony Costanza to form Machine Head.

Duce played bass and did the backing vocals for all the Machine Head albums between the first (1994's Burn My Eyes) and seventh albums (2011's Unto the Locust) and participated in all of the band's tours until 2012. He also has several appearances in live shows as a bassist for Roadrunner United.

Duce did not fully participate in the creative process for the songs for Unto the Locust. In an interview, he admitted that he wrote several riffs and lyrics that got rejected by Robb Flynn, which led to further disagreements between him and the band. These disagreements were later pointed out as the reason for the band to fire him.

On February 22, 2013, Machine Head announced that the band and Duce were parting ways. Flynn later explained in an emotional message on the band's website that the band had fired Duce.

On January 21, 2014, Duce filed a lawsuit against Machine Head's then-remaining members (Flynn, Phil Demmel and Dave McClain) and manager in Federal Court, alleging trademark infringement, breach of partnership agreement and defamation, among other things. On July 4, 2014, a post was published on Machine Head's official Facebook page that the lawsuit had been settled.

Discography

 * With Machine Head
 * Burn My Eyes (1994)
 * The More Things Change... (1997)
 * The Burning Red (1999)
 * Supercharger (2001)
 * Through the Ashes of Empires (2003)
 * The Blackening (2007)
 * Unto the Locust (2011)

title: Adam Duce


text:
Tanora

Tanora is a tangerine carbonated drink, and sold in Ireland, predominantly in Munster It was introduced by John Daly & Co, a mineral water bottler in Cork City. The brand is owned by Coca-Cola Bottlers Ireland, a subsidiary of Coca-Cola Hellenic. Tanora is packaged in 2-litre and 500ml plastic bottles. It was also available in 330ml cans, but these ceased production in June 2010; 200ml glass bottles (for the licensed trade) have already been withdrawn, both due to lack of demand.

In 1969, Stephen Barrett described his childhood liking for Tanora, "then, as now, the modish choice among those on the threshold of life". When Denis Irwin was playing for Manchester United, his mother would send him Tanora and Tayto crisps from Cork. In the play Disco Pigs, Pig orders "Two Battur burgurs! Two Sauce! Two Chips! Two Peas! Two Tanora!".

In April 2011, Tanora was reformulated with a new taste including carrot and blackcurrant flavourings, and new packaging with the subtitle "A Cork legend" was introduced. The new flavour proved unpopular, and a Facebook vote along with taste-tests in Cork retail stores was scheduled to take place during July 2011. The new flavour was later taken off the market and replaced with the old, it kept the same bottle as the new flavour but had "original formula" on the side so it could be distinguished from the new flavour.

In January 2018, ahead of the Irish government's planned introduction of a "sugar tax" later that year, Tanora was slightly reformulated again, to replace some of its sugar with artificial sweeteners.

title: Tanora


text: User talk:144.120.8.82

title: User talk:144.120.8.82


text:
L&YR Class 27

The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Class 27 is a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotive designed for freight work on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR).

Construction and operation
Class 27 locomotives were designed by John Aspinall and 484 were built between 1889 and 1918 at Horwich Works. It was the standard goods engine used by the Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway. Aspinall opted for a two-cylinder format with a non superheated round top boiler. David Joy's configuration of valve gear was employed. By the time Aspinall became general manager of the L&YR on 1 July 1899 more than 400 of the simple but powerful engines had been built. More were built under his successors, Henry Hoy and George Hughes, albeit with some modifications. By 1918 there were the 484 locomotives in the class.

Superheating
Under Hughes, one of the class was subject to early experiments in superheating, the process of increasing the temperature of steam produced in the boiler so the minimum of energy was lost. After months of trials, 20 superheated engines were authorised to be built and the first of the superheated class 27s emerged from Horwich Works in 1909. The superheated 27s had the same boiler pressure as the originals, 180 psi. The first batch had round topped boilers, but in 1912 a second batch of 20 was constructed with Belpaire fireboxes.

Although the class was augmented by 60 engines between 1900 and 1909 and another ten between 1917 and 1918, the last five built reverted to the original 1889 specification.

Ownership changes
It is a tribute to the soundness, usefulness and simple practicality of Aspinall's design that 300 of the class passed into the ownership of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and around 50 were operating in British Railways (BR) service in summer 1960. British Railways took ownership of 235 of the class in 1948 and renumbered them 52088-52529 (with gaps) by the addition of 40000 to their LMS numbers.

32 locomotives were loaned to the Railway Operation Division during World War I, all of them were eventually returned once the war had ended.

Preservation
One locomotive, 1895-built L&YR number 1300 (later LMS 12322 and BR 52322) has survived and is preserved at the East Lancashire Railway. It is owned by Andy Booth and its most recent overhaul was completed in 2021.

The rebuild
The rebuild of the Class 27 was the L&YR Class 28, designed by George Hughes.

title: L&YR Class 27


text: Category:Competitors at the 1932 Summer Olympics


text:
Sideswipe (Transformers)

Sideswipe is a fictional robot character in the Transformers series.

Transformers: Generation 1
Sideswipe (Agujero in Mexico, Lambor in Japan, Frérot Québec, Freccia (meaning "arrow") in Italy, Csatár (meaning "striker") in Hungary) is described in his tech file as a brave but often rash warrior. He is almost as skilled as his twin brother Sunstreaker in combat, but is less ruthless. Sideswipe transformed into a red Lamborghini Countach, while his brother, Sunstreaker, transformed into a yellow Lamborghini Countach. Because of his jetpack, Sideswipe was one of few G1 Autobots with the ability to fly and capacity for space flight.

Reception
Dreamwave comics artist Pat Lee says his favorite Transformer is Sideswipe.

Animated series
Sideswipe was part of the initial crew of Autobots aboard the Ark when it crash-landed on Earth four million years ago. He awakened along with his fellow Transformers in 1984, with both he and his brother being reformatted into Lamborghini sports cars. Sideswipe loaned Optimus Prime the use of his rocket pack when the Decepticons nearly escaped from Earth with a starship full of energon. Throughout Seasons 1 and 2, Sideswipe was voiced by Michael Bell.

Sideswipe and Sunstreaker often operated together. When antimatter-fueled Decepticons attacked the Ark on one occasion in the episode "Roll for It", Sideswipe and Sunstreaker took to the air to battle with the incoming seeker jets, in a rambunctious, if ultimately ineffective, display of "jet judo."

When investigating tremors that were shaking the Autobot base, Ironhide's scanner found some interesting objects inside a rock wall. Sideswipe, using his piston-like arms, helped Brawn remove the rock wall and found a cave full of dinosaur bones, the discovery of which would lead to the development of the Dinobots.

Towards the end of 1985, Sideswipe, impersonating himself as the Stunticon Breakdown, is among the team of five Autobots who disguised themselves as the Stunticons. Penetrating the Decepticons' camp, the Autobots ran into trouble when the real Stunticons arrived, trying to prove their identities by forming Menasor. With a combination of Windcharger's magnetic powers and Mirage's illusion-creating ability, the Autobots were able to appear as Menasor too, but the deception was soon revealed, though they were still able to thwart the Decepticons' plans. Another major role for Sideswipe was stopping the Combaticons' plot to pull the Earth into the sun, in which he and other Autobots team up with Decepticons to travel to Cybertron. Sideswipe himself reversed the effects of the plot, saving the Earth. Sideswipe reappears in Generation 2: Redux, a Botcon magazine which is set after the events of the final episode where he, along with Goldbug, Jazz, Beachcomber and Seaspray battling the Decepticons in Switzerland and gained new powers and color like his G2 self by the power of Forestonite.

In an early script for The Transformers: The Movie there was a scene planned where Sideswipe, Red Alert and Tracks hop off Ultra Magnus to attack Devastator, but they are pushed back and Red Alert is shot in the back and killed.

Sideswipe appears in the first two episodes of the Japanese series Transformers: Headmasters, participating with Ultra Magnus, the Trainbots, and Prowl (who may have mistakenly appeared, as he was killed in The Transformers: The Movie) on a shootout against the Triple Changers, Soundwave, and Sixshot. During a segment of this intense shootout, Sideswipe manages to hit Frenzy and later, after foiling a new Decepticon assault, has also a line.

Books
Sideswipe appeared in the 1984 sticker and story book Return to Cybertron written by Suzanne Weyn and published by Marvel Books.

Sideswipe was featured in the 1985 Transformers audio book Autobots' Lightning Strike.

Sideswipe appeared in the 1986 story and coloring book The Lost Treasure of Cybertron by Marvel Books.

Sideswipe was featured in the 1993 Transformers: Generation 2 coloring book "Decepticon Madness" by Bud Simpson.

3H Enterprises
Sideswipe returned in the pages of the BotCon exclusive Transformers: Universe comics. He was amongst the Autobot heroes of the Great War welcomed back to Cybertron. However, all of them were transported away by Unicron. Reformatted into a new body, he was forced to fight for Unicron's amusement (and unbeknownst to all, so that the Spark energy from fallen combatants could revitalize his own shattered frame). He ends up fighting his own brother. All were subsequently freed by the resurrected Optimus Primal, and Sideswipe went on to serve him as part of the new Autobot faction.

Although Universe ended at issue #3, the flashback of Optimus Prime would reveal what happened. In the final battle between the forces of Optimus Primal and Unicron, the Chaos-Bringer had disappeared (due to the events of Transformers: Energon), with Primal's forces barely making it out. Sideswipe was among those seen escaping.

Devil's Due Publishing
In this reimagining of the Generation One story, the Ark was discovered by the terrorist Cobra organization, and all the Transformers inside were reformatted into Cobra vehicles remotely controlled by the Televipers. In this storyline Sideswipe and Sunstreaker both turned into Cobra Stingers. Destro attempted to use them in a battle against G.I. Joe, but the two of them were temporarily put out of commission by Wheeljack. They were later seen fighting the Decepticons on Cobra Island.

Sideswipe reappeared in the third crossover series as part of the combined Autobot/G.I. Joe force trying to rescue Optimus Prime. Sideswipe returned in the fourth crossover as part of a group led by Prowl working with former G.I. Joe leader Hawk to stop the spread of Cybertronian technology on Earth. After failing to apprehend Destro, the group relaxed on their ship - only to be attacked by the Monster Pretenders, with Sideswipe being incapacitated. He was later shown being repaired.

Dreamwave Productions
Before the civil war between the Autobots and the Decepticons, Sideswipe was a merchant. After the war broke out he joined the Autobots. When Optimus Prime disappeared in an accident with a space bridge, the Autobots splintered into smaller factions. Sideswipe stayed with the main Autobot force, now under the leadership of Prowl.

With the Autobots learned that the Decepticons were testing a new mobile command base at the Praetorus Wharf, Sideswipe was part of a small investigation team led by Prowl. They discovered the mobile command base to be Trypticon and were forced to battle with little chance of success until the giant Decepticon was ordered to leave.

Some time after being reawakened on Earth four million years later, Sideswipe was aboard a ship named 'The Ark II' created by the Autobots and their human allies to end the war on Earth and return to Cybertron. However, the ship was sabotaged and exploded shortly after take-off. The human allies were killed, but Sideswipe and other Autobots were lost in the ocean. Sideswipe and the other lost Autobots were later found by Optimus Prime who used the Matrix to revive them. Sideswipe fought in the battle against the Decepticons in San Francisco, attacking Soundwave with Sunstreaker.

When Ultra Magnus came to Earth claiming that the Earth-based Autobots were Cybertonian criminals; Optimus Prime surrendered and returned to Cybertron with half of his force. Sideswipe was amongst those ordered to stay behind, now under the command of Jazz.

Sideswipe and the other Autobots who remained on Earth were attacked by Starscream and Bruticus. Sideswipe fell in this battle and was later repaired by the Earth Defense Command.

As part of a small group led by Jazz and Marissa Faireborn of the Earth Defense Command to search for missing soldiers and solve the mystery of the deserted city, Sideswipe found and battled the Insecticons along with his twin brother Sunstreaker. After defeating the Insecticons, the Autobots rejoined the other Autobots and were led by Prowl to the site of the future Autobot City: Earth.

Classicverse
In Transformers Invasion Sideswipe is among the Autobots in Canada who help get people to safety from an Earthquake caused by Shattered Glass Ultra Magnus using the Terminus Blade.

Wing of Honor
Long Haul appears in "A Flash Forward" by Fun Publications. In the year 2005 Devastator attacks Autobot City. He is opposed by Ultra Magnus, Sideswipe, Red Alert and Tracks. Firing every weapon they have, the Autobots are able to force Devastator to break apart into the individual Constructicons. Now outnumbered the Autobots retreated. Red Alert is killed covering the withdrawal, as Megatron watches. These events and others are related to Jhaixus by Runabout and Runamuck in 2013.

Sideswipe appears in the story Generation 2: Redux where he is among the reinforcements from Autobot City to respond to the Decepticon attack at the Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland. Once there the Autobots are able to defeat the Decepticons, but during the fight the Autobots are exposed to refined Forestonite, which enhances and mutates Cybertronian systems. He gets enhanced to his Generation 2 form.

Spark commands an Autobot shuttle crewed by Blaze, Hubcap, Sideswipe, Streetstar and Windbreaker into space where they intercept a distress call from Spike Witwicky on the planet Nebulos. When the Autobots arrive on Nebulos they meet Spike and Carly Witwicky, Chip Chase and the Autobots Brainstorm, Chromedome, Crosshairs and Highbrow who inform them that the Nebulan scientist Hi-Q is missing. They learn from Hi-Q's assistant Hi-Test that Hi-Q had security monitors and through them discover the scientist was kidnapped by the Decepticons Runabout and Runamuck.

IDW Publishing
Long ago, before the war, Sunstreaker and Sideswipe were law enforcers working under the Senate, and were involved with the arrest of Impactor.

Sideswipe made his first IDW Publishing appearance in the Spotlight issue on Galvatron. Assigned to Hound's unit on Cybertron guarding Thunderwing's body.

Chafing under Hound's command due to Sunstreaker going missing on Earth (in The Transformers: Escalation), Sideswipe clashed with his superior, even going over his head to call Optimus Prime on Earth, being reprimanded as a result. However, the matter was rendered moot when the mysterious Galvatron appeared, killing Leadfoot. An enraged Sideswipe blasted him, and was blasted aside as a result. While the rest of Hound's unit engaged Galvatron, Sideswipe recovered and blew apart Galvatron's head with a single full-powered shot. As Hound chastised him, the undead Galvatron recovered and rendered the whole unit unconscious with one blast, before leaving with Thunderwing.

Sideswipe and his unit were redeployed to Earth under Optimus Prime's orders in issue #1 of The Transformers: Devastation, but were rediverted to Garrus-9 following the Decepticons' abduction of the Monstructor components.

Sideswipe has appeared among the Autobots on Cybertron in All Hail Megatron. He now appears to have a form based on the Universe Classics Series Sideswipe toy.

Marvel Comics
In the original Marvel Transformers comics, Sideswipe's role was largely similar to that of the animated series, serving as a loyal warrior under Optimus Prime.

Sideswipe joined the list of the long-term injured during the Dinobot Hunt. He was charged, along with Bluestreak and Huffer, with bringing in the powerful Dinobot, Grimlock. Unfortunately, the party found the mentally ill Grimlock locked in vicious combat with Sludge, who had been planted there by the Decepticons. Sideswipe was seriously injured while trying to contain the situation, but managed at least to put out a distress call, alerting Prowl and Optimus Prime.

He appeared to avoid deactivation by the Underbase powered Starscream, he was not seen again after issue #50 of the US comic.

He appeared again in the Generation 2 comics as part of a raiding party under Grimlock that was outthought and captured by the forces of Jhiaxus. He was freed by Prime, and later appeared battling the Swarm.

Toys

 * Generation 1 Deluxe Car Sideswipe (1984)
 * Sideswipe's toy was originally part of a Takara toyline called Diaclone before Hasbro took some of the toys to use for Transformers. Sideswipe was one of the first Transformers to be released. Because they were both Lamborghinis, Sideswipe and Sunstreaker were characterized as fraternal twins.
 * The Tech Specs and TF: Universe profiles for Sideswipe describe the Sunstreaker toy. The rocket backpack describes Sunstreaker's engine, which is on his upper back in robot mode, and the shoulder mounted flares refer to the two yellow pods that mount on Sunstreaker's shoulders.
 * The mold used for the original Sideswipe also used for the first Generation 2 Sideswipe, and the Japanese-exclusive Autobots Tigertrack, Clampdown and Deep Cover. The Japanese variants are based on original variants used in the Diaclone line. The police car that became Clampdown was the basis for the fire escort Red Alert.

 * Generation 1 Action Master Sideswipe with Vanguard (1991)
 * As part of Europe's continuing exclusive Transformer toys, Sideswipe returned as an Action Master, along with his new partner - the battle droid Vanguard. Vanguard transformed into a backpack for Sideswipe to wear which came equipped with a protective double-barreled helmet.

 * Generation 2 Autobot Car Sideswipe (1993)
 * Slightly remolded and recolored black, Sideswipe was re-released in the Transformers: Generation Two toy line.

 * Generation 2 Go-Bot Sideswipe (1995)
 * Sideswipe was released a second time in Generation Two as a blue Lamborghini Diablo, a recolor of an Autobot named Firecracker as part of the Go-Bots line. This toy was later recolored as Robots in Disguise R.E.V.

 * Universe Spy Changer Sideswipe (unreleased)
 * First announced in Previews magazine for December 2002 were a set of 5 Autobot Spy Changers - Wheeljack, Sideswipe, Trailbreaker, Prowl and Mirage.

 * Smallest Transformers Lambor (2003)
 * In Japan a miniature version of Sideswipe was released as part of the Smallest Transformers line. Later remolded into Smallest Alert

 * Universe Deluxe Sideswipe (2003)
 * After a long absence, the original Sideswipe returns with a new toy. This time it is a BotCon exclusive, a remold of the Robots in Disguise toy Prowl. He came packaged with his now identical twin Sunstreaker. Both turned into Lamborghini Diablos.

 * Alternators Sideswipe (2003)
 * Side Swipe (with a space for trademark reasons) was the second Transformer to be released in the Alternators/Binaltech toyline by Hasbro/Takara. In the Binaltech line, Side Swipe is named Lambor, for simplicity's sake he is referred to as Side Swipe for this article. Side Swipe's alternate mode is a Dodge Viper SRT 10.
 * The mold for this figure was also used for Dead End and Sunstreaker.

 * Generation 1 Reissue Sideswipe (2005)
 * The original Sideswipe toy was reissued in 2005. Originally planned to be a Toys R Us exclusive, the line was canceled before Sideswipe was released. With the toys having already been made, they were instead sold through Kaybee stores as a discount price.

 * Titanium Sideswipe
 * A three inch tall non-transforming toy based on his Alternators form.

 * Universe Classic Series Deluxe Sideswipe (2008)
 * Part of the first wave of the Transformers: Universe Classic Series line, this figure is a modern redesign of G1 Sideswipe, faithfully keeping his form as a Lamborghini while incorporating the detail and articulation technology of current Transformers toys. He is a red redeco of Sunstreaker with a different head sculpt and the upper torso reversed to have the car's front end as his chest (as opposed to Sunstreaker's chest being the car's roof). The hands have also been swapped to properly match Sideswipe's robot mode. On the back of his car mode, his license plate reads, "SWIPE".
 * The figure was first announced along with Sunstreaker by Hasbro at BotCon 2007. Concept art of both was displayed by Hasbro at the 2007 San Diego Comic-Con International. On January 23, 2008, the Transformers Collectors Club revealed a pictures of both his vehicle and robot mode to members only. This picture was quickly reprinted on the ToyFare magazine web site. A packaged version of this toy first appeared on ebay in March 2008.
 * The mold for this figure was also used for Henkei/Generations Red Alert (as an homage to the original G1 figure being a redeco of Sideswipe), as well as the BotCon 2010 exclusive Breakdown and the Collectors Club exclusive Punch-Counterpunch.

 * Henkei! Henkei! C-09 Deluxe Lambor (2008)
 * The Japanese version of the Universe Classic Series Sideswipe by Takara Tomy has the flare launcher and rear spoiler remolded in chrome silver. His license plate reads, "LAMBOR". Unlike the Universe version, this figure is missing the engine attachment.

 * Timelines Deluxe Sideswipe (2010)
 * This toy was made for the Customizing Class at Botcon 2010. It is the Universe Deluxe Classic Series toy repainted in G2 colors.

 * Masterpiece MP-12 Lambor (2012)
 * On March 2012, Takara Tomy released a teaser picture of Lambor as the 12th entry in the upscale Masterpiece toy series. The figure retains his original Lamborghini Countach LP500S alternate mode, which fits inside MP-10 Convoy/Optimus Prime's trailer.
 * The mold for this figure will also be used for MP-14 Red Alert.

This toy was repurposed in the IDW Publishing comics as Generation 1 Sideswipe.
 * Generations Deluxe Sideswipe (2012)

Transformers: Robots in Disguise
As a release of an unused Generation 2 Go-Bots mold, the name Side Swipe is reused for the first time on an unrelated toy to the original. This toy did not receive any characterization and did not appear in the show or any other fiction.

Toys

 * Robots in Disguise Spy Changer Side Swipe (2001)
 * A small transformable figure based on the unreleased Generation 2 Go-Bot Rumble. Bundled with Spy Changer Prowl 2.
 * This figure was later repainted as Transformers: Universe Silverstreak.

Transformers: Armada
Originally called Stepper in the Japanese series "Micron Legend", he was renamed Sideswipe (with a space) when Hasbro released the series in America. He transforms into a blue Nissan Skyline.

Note: Early packaging of Sideswipe spelled his name without a space, but it was later added. According to online posts by Hasbro employees there was a mixup in the naming of Sideswipe and Mini-Con Nightbeat, and the original intention was for them to have each other's name, making this toy a true homage to the original Nightbeat.

Animated series
Sideswipe first appears in the Armada episode "Past"(Part 1) as a rookie in Optimus Prime's squad. He is rather ridiculous and awkward youth. In the animated series it is revealed that once he had been saved from Decepticon execution by Blurr, and has travelled to Earth to join him at last. But Blurr is not too glad to have such a subordinate. So, by Prime's consent, he charges Hot Shot to take care of Sideswipe. Initially Hot Shot is displeased very much that he has to fuss over such a misfit, but he begins to train him, however. When Hot Shot's former friend Wheeljack arrives and attacks him, Sideswipe does his best to defend his trainer. And when Sideswipe himself is taken a prisoner by Wheeljack, Hot Shot immediately races to his rescue. Though the conflagration threatens to consume them all, Hot Shot abandons the fight to save Sideswipe, successfully getting him out just in time. Since this moment Sideswipe hero-worships his new friend, much to Hot Shot's amusement, though the latter sometimes feels annoyed with such enthusiastic displays of friendship and even tries to get away from his admirer.

Sideswipe always did everything to prove his fighting skill to everyone in practice, but he never had become a great warrior, however. Nevertheless, he proved to be a real boon for the Autobots because of his good understanding of the computers (for example, he succeeded in deciphering the secret access code of the Decepticon Base revealed by Starscream). Later, Sideswipe served as Hot Shot's most loyal soldier when that one briefly took command of the Autobots after Optimus Prime's death.

Dreamwave Productions
Sideswipe also appeared in Dreamwave's Transformers: Armada comic, with a much lesser role. He first appeared in issue #14. He was one of a team of Autobots under Jetfire who investigated odd Space Bridge activity at the Decepticon HQ - unaware it had been taken over by the Heralds of Unicron. Bludgeon was still present, and stalked Jetfire's team. Sideswipe survived relatively unscathed - unlike Blurr and Dropshot - and helped to eventually destroy the samurai Decepticon.

Sideswipe was last seen in issue #18 of the Armada series and did not make any appearances in the Transformers: Energon comic series.

Toys

 * Armada Deluxe Sideswipe with Nightbeat (2003)
 * Armada Sideswipe is a homage to Generation 1 Nightbeat, the character his Mini-Con is named after.
 * Armada Sideswipe was remolded into Universe Treadshot, Universe Oil Slick and used in the Cybertron line as the Decepticon Runamuck (Runabout in Japan).

Transformers: Timelines (Shattered Glass)
This Sideswipe (again spelled without a space) is an alternate universe version of the Generation 1 character from the BotCon exclusive Shattered Glass comic, in which the Decepticons are on the side of good and the Autobots are evil.

Although initially an evil Autobot, Sideswipe was betrayed by Optimus Prime - who killed Sideswipe's mentor Drench. Sideswipe repainted himself in Drench's colors while bearing a scar across his chest, and joined the Decepticons to avenge his mentor's death. He is partnered with the Decepticon Micromaster Whisper, who he refers to as his "Mini-Con."

Fun Publications
Sideswipe appears as a member of Megatron's forces in the Transformers: Timelines story "Shattered Glass" by Fun Publications. He befriends a lost Autobot named Cliffjumper, a traveler from another dimension where the Autobots are heroic, and helps the Decepticons in the attack on the Ark launch site.

Sideswipe appears in the fiction "Dungeons & Dinobots", a text based story. He defends the Arch-Ayr fuel dump from an Autobot attack and later helps capture the Dinobots Slugfest and Goryu for the Decepticons. Cliffjumper and Sideswipe then track Grimlock to an ancient crypt, which ends up being the home of the life-creating computer known as the Omega Terminus. They are joined by the Autobots Rodimus and Blurr, who are also hunting Grimlock. The enemies end up joining forces to fight Grimlock, the Terminus and a host of zombie transformers, including Drench and this world's Cliffjumper. They escape, but their memories of the event are suppressed by the Terminus.

In "Do Over", Sideswipe is present when Megatron announces the impending launch of the Nemesis, designed to stop the Autobot warship known as the Ark. The Nemesis launches after the Ark, and after a brief battle the Nemesis is shot down and crashes on Earth, with the crew escaping in stasis pods. Although not directly depicted, Sideswipe is a member of the crew of the Nemesis.

In Blitzwing Bop, Sideswipe, Bombshell and Blitzwing stop a scheme by Elita One and Brawn to make attack drones from human cars by implanting control devices in the cars in a car wash.

Toys

 * Timelines Deluxe Sideswipe with Whisper (2008)
 * A redeco of Armada Wheeljack with the colors of Generation 2 Drench. As with the original Wheeljack figure, Sideswipe has a deep scar molded across the Autobot symbol on his chest. He came packaged with the Decepticon Mini-Con/Micromaster Whisper. This toy was inspired by a canceled Universe Drench toy Hasbro only produced as a prototype.

Transfomers Cinematic Universe
Sideswipe appears in the second and third of the live action film series. He transforms into a Chevrolet Corvette Stingray Concept in 2009 and a Chevrolet Centennial Corvette convertible in 2011. He has two wheeled feet like Bonecrusher from the first film. Sideswipe is armed with Cybertanium blades. Early concept art of Sideswipe portrayed him as being red, but he ended up silver, presumably due to director Michael Bay's notion that the color red does not photograph well on film (the same reason Optimus Prime in the film series is primarily blue over red). His Hasbro battle bio states that he is 15 ft. tall and that he is a master in almost every form of martial arts on Cybertron.

In Revenge of the Fallen, Sideswipe has 4 lines and first appears in the chase in Shanghai, China, pursuing the Decepticon Sideways. Using his wheeled feet to maneuver, Sideswipe somersaulted over him while shooting at him, then threw one of his arm blades into the front of Sideways' vehicle mode. As he landed, Sideswipe reattached the blade (which was still embedded in Sideways) and forced it lengthwise down Sideways' body, cutting him in half. He was also seen in the fight against the Decepticons after Optimus Prime was killed by Megatron as Bumblebee and the twins escaped with Sam. Sideswipe was surrounded by the human military and forced to go back to the Autobot base alongside Ironhide, Ratchet, Arcee, Chromia, Elita-One and Jolt. They arrived in Egypt and fought against many Decepticons. Sideswipe was the first to spot Sam and watched as Optimus Prime was resurrected. Sideswipe was brushed aside by The Fallen when he teleported in front of them.

Sideswipe returns in Transformers: Dark of the Moon as one of the main Autobots. He accompanies Bumblebee, Que/Wheeljack, and Dino/Mirage when they investigated a nuclear facility in the Middle East. Later he joined Dino and Bumblebee in accompanying the humans to find out more about the Space Race. Sideswipe helped Bumblebee and Dino fight the three Dreads on the highway, who are after Sentinel Prime, using his stealth force weapons to shoot at Hatchet. He then helped Ironhide finish off Crowbar and Crankcase in a Mexican Standoff, as Sideswipe called it. Sideswipe was expelled from Earth along with the other Autobots and was thought to have perished when Starscream destroyed the Xanthium. He participated in the final battle in Chicago. He was captured by the Decepticons and witnessed the death of Que. He almost shared Que's fate, but escaped after Wheelie and Brains crashed a Decepticon carrier ship. He helped Bumblebee and Ratchet fire at incoming Decepticons, and briefly battled Sentinel Prime alongside them, but he was knocked backwards by the treacherous Prime. Sideswipe was among the surviving Autobots at the end of the film.

Sideswipe doesn't appear in Age of Extinction, but in an Age of Extinction Topps Europe collector card, in which Optimus is described as mourning his, Ratchet's, and Flash (Leadfoot)'s deaths at the hands of Cemetery Wind and Lockdown. In the film, Five years after the Battle of Chicago, Sideswipe was not listed as "deceased" by Cemetery Wind, indicating that he survived the organization's Autobot hunt, and is currently in hiding, Leaving his fate unknown.

IDW Publishing
Sideswipe first appeared in Transformers: Alliance #4 as one of the Autobots who responded to Optimus Prime's call to Earth. He joined with Optimus' team as part of NEST.

Sideswipe was spotlighted in Tales of the Fallen #2, which revealed the Autobot trained under Ironhide, and was charged with protecting an Autobot colony from the Decepticons. The Decepticon Demolishor attacked and killed all but Sideswipe, laying waste to the colony. Sideswipe vowed revenge, and upon arriving on Earth, chased after his nemesis without care for any innocent in the crossfire. Ironhide arrived and tried to stop Sideswipe, but it was only when Ironhide called Sideswipe "no better than the enemy" did Sideswipe stand down, and Demolishor escaped.

Sideswipe appears in Transformers: Nefarious #1, set months after the events of the 2009 film. Alice steals an RV in Seattle and is chased by Skids and Mudflap, who keep her occupied until Sideswipe arrives and defeats her. She is taken to N.E.S.T. headquarters on Diego Garcia to be examined by Ratchet. Sideswipe was disgusted by her decision to disguise herself as a human.

Cyber Missions
Sideswipe is shown to be helping Optimus Prime against Megatron. Later he fights against Barricade and Frenzy. Afterwards he helps Ratchet against Lockdown. Sideswipe is later seen with Ratchet transporting energon when they are attacked by Starscream and Mindwipe.

Video games
Sideswipe is playable character in the PSP version of Transformers: The Game, the video game tie-in to the 2007 live-action Transformers film. He is a part of the Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen Character and Map Pack Plus DLC pack that was released on August 27 on Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3. This pack also includes a version of Sideswipe painted in red. He is a playable character in the PSP version and the Autobot Nintendo DS version, which is during Challenge Modes only.

Sideswipe is among the characters who appear in the TRANSFORMERS CYBERVERSE Battle Builder Game.

Sideswipe is a playable DLC character in some single-player missions and in the multiplayer section of the PS3 and Xbox 360 game Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen. In Transformers: Dark of the Moon for PS3 and Xbox 360, he is only playable in multiplayer.

Live-action film-related toys
All toys of this character (except the RPM/Speed Stars diecast cars) are officially licensed from General Motors.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Legends Sideswipe (2009)
 * A new mold of Sideswipe. Also redecoed in red as Swerve.
 * This toy was later packaged with Autobot Legends Mudflap and Decepticon Deluxe Fearswoop in a special Walmart exclusive 3-pack.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Legends Bluesteel Sideswipe (2009)
 * A bluish gray redeco of the Legends figure.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Fast Action Battlers Battle Blade Sideswipe (2009)
 * A Deluxe-sized figure designed with easy transformation for younger children.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Fast Action Battlers Night Blades Sideswipe (2009)
 * A dark gray redeco of the Fast Action Battlers figure.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Gravity Bots Sideswipe (2009)
 * A new toy made for younger children. Instantly transforms to robot when tilted upwards.

 * Revenge of the Fallen RPMs Battle Chargers Sideswipe (2009)
 * A toy car made for younger children. Features pull-back action and sound effects. The top section pops open to reveal the robot mode when the car hits an object.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Deluxe Sideswipe (2009)
 * A Deluxe-sized figure that transforms from Chevrolet Corvette Stingray Concept to Robot and features retractable blades on his forearms. MechAlive feature consists of hydraulics on his legs.
 * The figure was remolded with a new head and a red redeco as Swerve.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Human Alliance Sideswipe with Tech Sergeant Epps (2009)
 * A fully detailed figure that comes with a 2" poseable Sgt. Robert Epps figure. Robot mode features retractable battle mask and spinning blades. The Epps figure can fit on the seats in Sideswipe's car mode or be placed in strategic areas to man Sideswipe's auxiliary weapons in robot mode.

 * Revenge of the Fallen Deluxe Strike Mission Sideswipe (2009)
 * A repaint of the original Deluxe figure with red-tinted windows, a black stripe which races across his door, and a N.E.S.T. logo on each door.

 * Transformers Deluxe Sidearm Sideswipe (2010)
 * A totally different mold and transformation compared to the previous Deluxe figure with red flames on the car mode's front end. The forearm blades are replaced with pistols; as a result, the side panels that formed the blades are now part of the backpack in robot mode.

 * Autobot Alliance AA-06 Deluxe Sidearm Sideswipe (2010)
 * The Japanese version of Sidearm Sideswipe by Takara Tomy omits the red flames and has the windows molded in smoke gray.

 * Transformers Hunters Rumble Deluxe Sideswipe (2010)
 * A slight redeco with light blue highlights. Bundled with Barricade (which is in a white/black/checkered blue and yellow redeco).

 * Transformers Human Alliance Shadow Blade Sideswipe with Mikaela Banes (2010)
 * A black/silver redeco of the Human Alliance figure with a figure of Mikaela that wears a black leather jacket and blue jeans.

 * Dark of the Moon Cyberverse Legion Sideswipe (2011)
 * An all-new Legion (formerly Legends) mold of Sideswipe.

 * Dark of the Moon Mech Tech Deluxe Sideswipe (2011)
 * An all-new Deluxe mold of Sideswipe with a different transformation. His Mech Tech weapon is a giant blaster with a retractable blade. Unlike the previous figures, this version is molded in gray and not painted in metallic silver.
 * The mold for this figure is also used for the Decepticon Darksteel as an homage to Quickstrike from the Transformers: Beast Wars series.

 * Dark of the Moon Deluxe Sidearm Sideswipe (2011)
 * A Walmart exclusive redeco of the 2010 Sidearm Sideswipe figure in blue with yellow stripes as an homage to the Generation 2 Go-Bots Sideswipe toy. The figure's car mode is decorated with a large white Autobot symbol on the hood and the number 04 on the doors, roof and rear end (a nod to the ID number of the Japanese G1 toy, which was known as Lambor). Other homage decals on the car mode include "Sun Bro" (which could be short for "Sunstreaker's Brother"), "Lithonian Drivetrain" (a reference to the planet Unicron devours in the beginning of The Transformers: The Movie), "Rattraps" (a reference to the Beast Wars character of the same name), "Maccadam's" (a reference to a Cybertronian pub depicted in several Transformers series) and a TransTech symbol.

 * Dark of the Moon Flash Freeze Assault Human Alliance Sideswipe (2011)
 * A gray redeco of the Human Alliance figure with black and white stripes, bundled with the Decepticon Icepick (black redeco) and Sergeant Chaos.

 * Dark of the Moon The Scan Series Deluxe Sideswipe (2011)
 * A Toys "R" Us exclusive remold of the Revenge of the Fallen Deluxe figure with light blue highlights in the middle before fading into clear plastic, simulating the effect of vehicle scanning.

 * Dark of the Moon Robo Power Go-Bots Sideswipe (2012)
 * A transforming toy car aimed at younger children. The pull-back mechanism transforms the car into a rolling robot while in motion.

 * Age of Extinction Deluxe Sideswipe (2015)
 * A silver redeco of the Deluxe Mechtech Sideswipe, featuring extensive silver deco similar to the TakaraTomy release of the Deluxe Sidearm Sideswipe figure. He includes Age of Extinction Crosshairs's weapons.

 * The Last Knight Tiny Turbo Changer Sideswipe (2017)
 * Dark of the Moon Studio Series Sideswipe (2018)

Non-transforming merchandise

 * Revenge of the Fallen Power Bots Sideswipe (2009)
 * A non-transformable robot toy designed for younger children. Features light and sound effects, with the wheeled feet emitting tire screeching sounds.

 * Revenge of the Fallen RPMs Speed Series Sideswipe (2009)
 * A diecast toy of Sideswipe in car mode in the same size as Hot Wheels or Matchbox cars. An illustration of his robot mode is molded on the underside of the car. Due to licensing issues, this incarnation of Sideswipe is not a Chevrolet Corvette Stingray Concept; instead, it is a cross between a Mitsubishi Eclipse and an Aston Martin DB9.

 * Revenge of the Fallen RPMs Sideswipe vs. Wreckloose (2009)
 * A redeco of RPMs Sideswipe with red stripes. Bundled with the Decepticon Wreckloose (a green redeco of Sideways).

 * Revenge of the Fallen RPMs Sideswipe (Robot Mode) (2010)
 * A diecast toy of Sideswipe, but in robot mode and in a running pose.

Books
Sideswipe appears in the novels Transformers: Exodus, Transformers: Exiles, and Transformers: Retribution.

Games
Sideswipe is one of the playable Autobots in the 2010 video game Transformers: War for Cybertron. He, along with Optimus and Bumblebee, are captured by the Decepticons and taken to Kaon prison as part of an elaborate plan to free Zeta Prime and other imprisoned Autobots. The trio battle Soundwave and his minions on their way to rescuing Zeta Prime.

Sideswipe also appears in its sequel Transformers: Fall of Cybertron where he helps get Jazz and Cliffjumper to the Sea of Rust to search for Grimlock.

Sideswipe appears in Transformers: Rise of the Dark Spark as a playable character in Single Player mode and an unlockable character in the new Escalation mode. In the game, he helps Ironhide retrieve the Dark Spark before the Decepticons do, and deliver it to Optimus Prime.

Animated series
Sideswipe appears as one of the main characters in the Transformers: Robots in Disguise, the sequel series to Transformers: Prime, voiced by Darren Criss. Originally a rebellious Autobot on Cybertron who delights in vandalism, Sideswipe is captured by Lieutenant Bumblebee and Female Cadet Strongarm and ends up traveling with them to Earth. He ends up an unlikely member of Bumblebee's new team along with Grimlock and the Mini-Con Fixit, attempting to recapture fugitive Decepticons.

Toys

 * Generations Deluxe Sideswipe (2012)
 * A remold of Generations Jazz. This toy was repurposed in the IDW Publishing comics as Generation 1 Sideswipe.

Transformers Animated
Sideswipe is one of the BotCon 2011 exclusive figures, painted in his Generation 2 black and red colors.

Fun Publications
After the events of Transformers Animated the Stunticons set up a Stunt Convoy show in the city of Kaon and used it as a cover to attempt to break Megatron out of his detention at Trypticon. Their efforts were thwarted thanks to the efforts of Cheetor, Optimus Prime and Sideswipe. The Stunticons were placed in detention with Megatron and an attempt to rescue them was made by the Decepticons Blot, Mindwipe, Oil Slick, Scalpel, Sky-Byte and Strika.

His tech spec appeared on a lithograph sold at Botcon 2011.

Toys

 * Timelines Deluxe Sideswipe (2011)
 * A BotCon exclusive black/red/neon green redeco of Transformers Animated Deluxe Rodimus Minor with Breakdown's head sculpt.

Kre-O Transformers
Sideswipe is an Autobot who turns into a car.

Animated series
Kreon Sideswipe appeared in the animated short "Last Bot Standing."

Kreon Sideswipe appeared in the animated short "Bot Stars."

Kreon Sideswipe appeared in the animated short "The Big Race."

Kreon Sideswipe appeared in the animated short "A Gift For Megatron."

Toys

 * Kre-O Transformers Sideswipe (2011)
 * A Lego-like building block kit of Sideswipe with 220 pieces to assemble in either car or robot mode. Comes with 2 Kreon figures of Sideswipe and a human driver.

title: Sideswipe (Transformers)


text:
Russian 460 metre radio mast

The Russian 460 metres radio masts are among the most secret supertall structures ever built. Three such masts, which were developed by Stako, were erected in mid-1980s near Inta, Dudinka and Taymylyr as masts for the North Siberian Chayka Chain for transmitting navigation signals on 100 kHz with 1200 kW.

All these masts are grounded lattice structures of tubular steel elements with triangular cross section. The side length of the triangle of the mast body is 3.6 metres. Each of these masts is guyed in 6 levels.

These masts were at completion the tallest structures in Asia and are still the second-tallest in Russia.

In 2003 at Moscow Radio Centre 13 a guyed mast for FM-transmission of the same type was built, which is however just 300 metres and not 460 metres tall. It is guyed in 4 levels.

On September 24, 2009, the mast at Taymylyr was demolished by explosives, which was the tallest object ever demolished in this way.

title: Russian 460 metre radio mast


text:
Adaptive unconscious

The adaptive unconscious, first coined by social psychologist Daniel Wegner in 2002, is described as a set of mental processes that is able to affect judgement and decision-making, but is out of reach of the conscious mind. It is thought to be adaptive as it helps to keep the organism alive. Architecturally, the adaptive unconscious is said to be unreachable because it is buried in an unknown part of the brain. This type of thinking evolved earlier than the conscious mind, enabling the mind to transform information and think in ways that enhance an organism's survival. It can be described as a quick sizing up of the world which interprets information and decides how to act very quickly and outside the conscious view. The adaptive unconscious is active in everyday activities such as learning new material, detecting patterns, and filtering information. It is also characterized by being unconscious, unintentional, uncontrollable, and efficient without requiring cognitive tools. Lacking the need for cognitive tools does not make the adaptive unconscious any less useful than the conscious mind as the adaptive unconscious allows for processes like memory formation, physical balancing, language, learning, and some emotional and personalities processes that includes judgement, decision making, impression formation, evaluations, and goal pursuing. Despite being useful, the series of processes of the adaptive unconscious will not always result in accurate or correct decisions by the organism. The adaptive unconscious is affected by things like emotional reaction, estimations, and experience and is thus inclined to stereotyping and schema which can lead to inaccuracy in decision making. The adaptive conscious does however help decision making to eliminate cognitive biases such as prejudice because of its lack of cognitive tools.

Overview
The adaptive unconscious is defined as different from conscious processing in a number of ways. It is faster, effortless, more focused on the present, and less flexible. It is thought to be adaptive as it helps to keep us alive. Processing information without us even realising then feeding any we do need to know to our conscious brain.

In other theories of the mind, the unconscious is limited to "low-level" activities, such as carrying out goals which have been decided consciously. In contrast, the adaptive unconscious is now thought to also be involved in "high-level" cognition such as goal-setting.

The theory of the adaptive unconscious was influenced by some of Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung's views on the unconscious mind. According to Freud, the unconscious mind stored a lot of mental content which needs to be repressed; however, the term adaptive unconscious reflects the idea that much of what the unconscious does is actually beneficial to the organism, in closer accordance with Jung's thought. For example, its various processes have been streamlined through evolution to quickly evaluate and respond to patterns in an organism's environment.

Intuition
Malcolm Gladwell described intuition, not as an emotional reaction, but a very quick thinking. He said that if an individual realized that a truck is about to hit him, there would be no time to think through all of his options and, to survive, he must rely on this kind of decision-making apparatus, which is capable of making very quick judgments based on little information. Gladwell also cited another example in the case of a kouros acquired by the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles. A team of scientists vouched for its authenticity but some historians, such as Thomas Hoving, instantly knew otherwise - that they felt an "intuitive repulsion" for the piece, which was eventually proved as fake.

Intuition comes from tapping into the adaptive unconscious. The adaptive unconscious is that liminal zone between dreams and reality, what might be called a reciprocal of experiences, memories, and dreams. Working within the adaptive unconscious involves browsing through a series of sense impressions and making comparisons regarding a situation and using past experiences to dissolve sensory boundaries which then results in intuition. There is also a study that cited intuition as a result of the way our brain stores, processes and uses the information of our subconscious. It becomes useful when reasoning and rationality provide no rapid answer.

The introspection illusion
The debate over the existence of introspection began in the late 19th century with experiments involving placing people in different stimuli contexts and them thinking about their thoughts and feelings after. Similar experiments have continued since, all relying on asking the participant to think about how they feel and their thoughts. These research efforts have however been hampered by the fact it is currently impossible to know if they are actually accessing their unconscious as they do this, or if the information is just coming from their conscious mind. This fundamental flaw makes experiments in this area less reliable in creating the debate over introspection.

More recent research suggests that many of our preferences, attitudes, and ideas come from the adaptive unconscious. However, subjects themselves do not realize this, and they are "unaware of their own unawareness". People wrongly think they have direct insight into the origins of their mental states. A subject is likely to give explanations for their behavior (i.e. their preferences, attitudes, and ideas), but the subject tends to be inaccurate in this "insight." The false explanations of their own behavior is what psychologists call the introspection illusion.

In some experiments, subjects provide explanations that are fabricated, distorted, or misinterpreted memories, but not lies – a phenomenon called confabulation. This suggests that introspection is instead an indirect, unreliable process of inference. It has been argued that this "introspection illusion" underlies a number of perceived differences between the self and other people, because people trust these unreliable introspections when forming attitudes about themselves but not about others.

However, this theory of the limits of introspection has been highly controversial, and it has been difficult to test unambiguously how much information individuals get from introspection. The difficulties in understanding the introspective method resulted in a lack of theoretical development of the mind and more into behaviourism. The difficulties of finding a method that worked (i.e. not self-reporting by the patient) mean there was a halt in this area of research until the cognitive revolution. Due to this the need to understand the unconscious mind increased. Psychologists started to focus on the limits of the conscious mind and more stimuli and learning paradigm focused experiments for the unconscious mind. This helps understand the limitations of introspection or the lack of as some would argue.

Implicit-explicit relationships
The theory of introspection is highly controversial. This is due to research showing inconsistencies between our introspective reports and factors affecting our stimuli. This issue lead to a new way to study introspective access by using the adaptive unconsciousness. This is done by looking at the implicit-explicit relationship, specifically the differences between the two. Explicit processes involve cognitive resources and are done with awareness. On the other hand, implicit processes require at least one of the following, lack of intention, lack of management, reduced awareness of where the responses came from and finally high efficiency of processing. This shows the differences that occur between the two processes and the contention around the differences as they cannot be pinned down to one specific thing. These differences between implicit and explicit factors is argued to be able to be used as evidence for introspection existence. If implicit processes become weaker than explicit processes then it can result in larger differences between the two. This results in consequences for future information processing and the well-being of the person. However, if this occurs in the right conditions it can allow for implicit processing output to enter the conscious mind. This leads to a small self-insight into the adaptive unconscious allowing us to understand it more.

Arguably, this argument of the independence of introspection existence based on the implicit-explicit relationship may actually be more conditional than originally thought. This view coincides with the idea that access to our unconsciousness is dependent on the competition between processes and their surrounding contexts. These contexts provide the association our stimuli have with certain aspects of society. For example, if you found pleasure in running, when running your cognitive processes either implicit or explicit would tell your unconscious you are feeling joy without you realising this was occurring. This could then be translated into the conscious mind.

Adaptive unconscious versus conscious thinking
Many used to think most of our behaviours, thoughts, feelings all came from our conscious brain. However, as our understanding has grown it is obvious our adaptive unconscious does much more than we originally thought. Once we thought the creation of goals and self-reflection occurred consciously but now we realise its all in our unconscious. Our unconscious and conscious minds do have to work together though for us to continue efficiently functioning. We need to understand the dual system our brain uses between our adaptive unconscious and our conscious mind more. Analysing information, attitudes and feelings in the unconscious mind first which then contributes and creates our conscious versions of this. The debate is no longer whether the adaptive unconscious exists but more which is more important in our everyday decision making? The adaptive unconscious or the conscious mind. Some would say it is becoming more and more apparent that our unconscious seems to be much more important than we originally thought especially compared to our conscious brain. The low-level processing we used to think our adaptive unconscious did we now realise may actually be the job of our conscious mind. Our adaptive unconscious may actually be the power house in our brain making the important decisions and holding the important information. It does this all without us even realising.

title: Adaptive unconscious


text:
Bordertown, South Australia

Bordertown, formerly Border Town, is a town and locality in the Australian state of South Australia located in the state's east near the state border with Victoria about 250 km east of the state capital of Adelaide. It is where the Dukes Highway and the railway line cross the Tatiara Creek between Adelaide and Melbourne, the capital of Victoria.

Bordertown is the commercial and administrative centre of the Tatiara District Council. Tatiara is the local Aboriginal word for "Good Country".

History
Bordertown was established in 1852 when a direct route across the Ninety Mile Desert was being planned for gold escorts from the Victorian goldfields to Adelaide. Police Inspector Alexander Tolmer was instructed to create a town as close as practical to the border. Tolmer was upset when the town was not named after him, but that was made up for by naming several sites around Bordertown after him, such as Tolmer Park and Tolmer Takeaway. Land was first offered for sale in the new government town on 28 August 1852.

It was officially known as Border Town until 5 April 1979 when its name was changed to Bordertown.

Boundaries for the locality were created on 16 March 2000 and give the long established name and include the Government Town of Bordertown.

Bordertown is also the birthplace of former Prime Minister of Australia, Bob Hawke.

Governance
Bordertown is located in the state electoral district of MacKillop, the federal Division of Barker, the local government area of the Tatiara District Council and the South Australian government region of the Limestone Coast.

Landmarks
Bordertown is home to the historic Clayton Farm Heritage Museum. It is also famous for its white Kangaroos which have been bred for zoos and animal shelters around Australia. The lightning clock on the main street marks the site of the first electricity source.

Heritage listings
Bordertown has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

 * Clayton Farm Road: Clayton Farm Complex
 * Hay Avenue: Bordertown railway station
 * Woolshed Street: Bordertown Institute

Economy
The district's economy is based primarily on agriculture, with cereal crops and livestock farming. The largest single employer is the JBS meatworks abattoir which processes up to 8000 animals per day and employs around 470 people. Almost two-thirds of the employees are migrants to Australia, including refugees and skilled migrants on 457 visas, from a total of at least 23 different home culture groups.

Newspapers
Bordertown's major newspaper, The Border Chronicle, is a local publication that was first printed on 13 June 1908. The newspaper's first building, at DeCourcey Street, was auctioned in November 2017, after Fairfax Media scaled back newspaper operations and closed the Chronicle's commercial printing business and office.

Prior to this, the other historical newspaper in the town was the Tatiara Mail which was founded in 1880 by Melbourne Mott (whose father owned The Hamilton Spectator in Victoria) and Michael Murphy. In 1888, the press moved to Nhill and was eventually sold to EJ Stephens of the Nhill Free Press, with the title evolving over time: A later publication was the Tatiara and Lawloit News (13 June 1908 – 15 June 1912). It was printed in Naracoorte, and was eventually absorbed by the Narracoorte Herald.
 * Tatiara Mail and West Wimmera Advertiser (28 August 1880 – 30 March 1888)
 * Nhill and Tatiara Mail and West Wimmera Advertiser (7 April 1888 – 2 February 1895)
 * Nhill Mail (6 February 1895 – 29 December 1900) – before being absorbed into the Nhill Free Press (1882–1982) in Victoria

Television

 * The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) – ABC TV, ABC TV Plus, ABC Me, ABC News (digital channels)
 * The Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) – SBS, SBS Viceland, SBS Food, NITV, SBS WorldWatch, SBS World Movies (digital channels)
 * WIN Television (7, 7two, 7mate, 9, 9Gem, 9Go!, 10, 10 Peach, 10 Bold) as SES-8, SDS, MGS– SES-8 relays the programming from Seven Network (Seven SA, 7two, 7mate), SDS relays the programming from Nine Network (Nine SA, 9Gem, 9Go!) & MGS relays the programming from Network 10 (10, 10 Peach, 10 Bold).
 * Foxtel – Subscription Television service Foxtel is also available via satellite.

WIN Television broadcasts Nine Network programming, Channel Seven broadcasts Seven Network programming & Channel Ten broadcasts Network 10 programming. The programming schedules for these channels is the same as Channel Nine, Channel Seven and Channel Ten in Adelaide, with local commercials inserted and some variations for coverage of Australian Football League or National Rugby League matches, state and national news and current affairs programs, some lifestyle and light entertainment shows and infomercials.

Radio

 * Community
 * 5TCB FM (106.1 FM)
 * Vision Christian Radio (88.0 FM)

5TCB FM is the local community station, broadcasting local programs, presented by radio announcers. The station is skewed towards the younger and older demographics and plays a lot of music. All programs are locally produced apart from the regular programming the station takes flagship music program Melomania, as well as hourly local, world, state and national news bulletins, Matty's Hot 30 Countdown, Essential 80's Show and The Hype. The community station officially became a fully licensed station on 17 March in 1986.

Transport
Bordertown is on the Dukes Highway and the Melbourne–Adelaide railway, the main routes by road and rail between Adelaide and Melbourne. There are several bus services daily towards each of Adelaide, Melbourne, and Mount Gambier. The Overland train stops twice a week each way. Most rail traffic is freight passing through, although the local grain silos are also served by rail. In 2012, the crossing loop at Bordertown railway station was lengthened to 1500 m.

title: Bordertown, South Australia


text:
Talk:Russian 460 metre radio mast

For all people with acknowledges of Russian language: try to find out, where it is exactly located and then change the name of the article in uch way, that the name tells its location. Do not delete this article! It is difficult to get data about towers in Russia.

title: Talk:Russian 460 metre radio mast


text:
User:Smurrayinchester/Balderdash!

Synopis
Balderdash! was a BBC sitcom, the pilot of which was produced in 1983. It followed the life of the Crimble Family, who inherit an Off-licence from their eccentric great aunt in the bizarre and equally eccentric town of ‘Fimbley Market’. The family then try to make ends selling drinks to the people of the area, who initial view the Crimble’s with suspicion.

The Off Licence, ‘Main Castle Drinks’, is located in an old Victorian corner shop, surrounded by council flats, a haunted graveyard and two power plants.

Characters

 * Edwina MacFlingbit – Margaret Crimble’s Great Aunt who used to run the Off Licence. She died in a fluke accident when the spring loaded cash till snapped, knocking her off her feet.
 * Margaret Crimble – Edwina’s Great Niece. She inherited nothing but the Off Licence from Edwina, with all Edwina’s wealth going to Peter MacFlingbit, her brother. Margaret has never forgiven him for this fact. Margaret runs the day-to-day sale from the Off Licence, and likes to unwind with bingo.
 * Robert Crimble – Margaret’s husband. He objects to ‘Those blinkin’ weirdos’ who frequent the shop and live in the area. He works as a telephone sanitizer, and as a result smells very strongly of disinfectant.
 * Kevin Crimble –The family’s eldest son. He is engaged to marry Tracy Fliggitsbourgh-Snabbifson, who owns the graveyard across the road. He works as an undertaker by day, and his favourite song is the Beatles ‘Revolution 9’. In his spare time, he is a conspiracy theorist.
 * Louise Crimbe – The daughter of Margaret and Robert, she is a student at Fimbley Market Polytechnic West Campus. She is very clumsy and frequently ends up in hospital with ‘Comic Injuries’.
 * Ken Crimble – The youngest of the family, Ken attends the nearby school St. Mildred’s at Floddlespur-on-Floddle
 * Major Harold Sneiferheimer – A major from the nearby nuclear missile silo, Sneiferheimer is convinced that WWII is ongoing and insists that, because of his German sounding name, people call him ‘Pete’.
 * Nora Flungbug – An old lady from the nearby combined rest-home and sewage works, Nora tends to forget what she wants to buy and instead leave with a bag of Mint Imperials.
 * Chris Anderson – The next door neighbour. He has a habit of panicking and is a part-time klepto- and pyromaniac. He collects Cherry Bakewells.

Plot
Only a pilot was ever produced, the plot of which follows:

Edwina MacFlingbit is sitting in shop by the till when Nora enters. She picks up a bag of boiled sweets and walks over to the till. Edwina opens the till, which snaps and hits her in the stomach. Nora then puts the boiled sweets in the till and leaves holding a bag of Mint Imperials.

The scene then cuts to the family at Edwina’s funeral in the graveyard. The vicar says a few words, and then the family’s solicitor reads the will (still in the graveyard). Edwina asks that her possessions be divided equally between her great nephew and niece. Therefore, all her money and her car (worth a total of £196,000) are given to Peter, while the off-license (worth £200,000) is given to Margaret. The family then has to give Peter another £2,000 in order to make the deal equal.

Hilarity then ensues as Robert and Margaret try to get some wine and SPAM sandwiches for the wake, and accidentally provide wine sandwiches and glasses of SPAM. Disaster is prevented by hiding the food in the airing cupboard upstairs and providing more wine and SPAM sandwiches.

Unfortunately, the Major gets whipped cream on his shirt and goes up to the airing cupboard for a towel, where the wine sandwiches (now turned to a paste by the heat and damp) fall on his head.

At that moment the towns nuclear-raid sirens sound and everybody crowds into the basement. Fortunately it turns out to be a false alarm (but not before Nora does “what I’ve always wanted to do” and taken a bite out of Chris Anderson’s favourite Bakewell). Unfortunately, the door locks from the outside and has locked itself.

The family think back on the events of the episode through Clip Show style flashbacks (which are exaggerated in the favour of the reminiscer), until someone the Major remembers he has some plastic explosive with him. He blows the door open as Kevin exclaims “That was an explosive situation”. The episode then ends.

It should be noted that due to a fault with transmission, the ending credits were accidenting replaced with an early episode of Bill and Ben, The Flowerpot Men.

Series
Only the pilot was ever produced. The executives believed the show was too ‘radical’, when audiences preferred repeats, clichés, hackneyed story lines and repeats. However, the show went down very well with test audiences, which led to the show being repeated every Bank Holiday since Mayday, 1984.

The show did not feature a laughter track since the dubbing staff could not find a tape with enough laughs on it to last an entire episode, and live audiences had a tendency to run out of breath laughing. Plus, the people in charge of finding the audience tended to end up with crazy eccentrics who shouted out “Get a haircut” every time Nora opened her mouth.

Had the series been continued, the episode list was planned as follows:

 * Aardvark, if you can get it: The family find an escaped aardvark in the cellar.
 * Police yourself: The police come looking for an escaped prisoner. Could it be Chris?
 * Soviet Bunion: The Russians invade on the same day Margaret goes for a foot operation.
 * What brick, through yonder window breaks?: Kevin appears in the town play: Romeo and Juliet. The family has to board up a broken window.
 * Darth Fader: The fading paint on the front of the shop needs touching up. The escaped aardvark returns.
 * Bus fare in love and nuclear war: It’s Kevin’s wedding! But will nuclear war, an earthquake and a lost bus pass jeopardise his big day?

Quotes

 * Kevin: Maybe she’s not dead! Maybe she’s like Paul McCartney, or Elvis and left hidden clues everywhere! Look! Here’s that postcard she sent from Blackpool last year. ‘Wish you were here’. She! She wouldn’t wish we were dead, right!
 * Louise: Is that really wine? It looks more like SPAM…
 * Kevin: That was an explosive situation!

Category:British television sitcoms Category:BBC television programmes

title: User:Smurrayinchester/Balderdash!


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ningi

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP (I presume all the delete votes apply to the version prior to the rewrite). — J I P | Talk 10:55, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

Ningi
dicdef for a fictional object that amounts to a one-line joke in a popular book. Zero potential for expansion. Not really significant enough to even warrant a merge. Clay Collier 09:53, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete per nomination. --Clay Collier 09:53, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect, as per Trollderella --Clay Collier 00:56, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom, though there is perhaps scope for some discussion of H2G2 in another article. Grobertson 09:55, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. At absolute best merge to Fictional currencies. The Land 18:23, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Fictional currencies. That's what that list is for. Trollderella 18:26, 11 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or redirect to fictional currencies. Kappa 01:10, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, there are real places called Ningi, so I made it into a disambig. Kappa 01:46, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The article is now a disambiguation, a summation of all of the different redirects for all of the different Ningis, including the aforementioned. Keep. Uncle G 03:10, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ningi


text:
Talk:Basic reproduction number

Omicron
The Omicron variant needs to be in that table. If you don't like the references, please provide better ones. Without that entry, it's harder to find the Wikipedia article on "Omicron variant" and makes this article look dramatically deficient, especially since "Omicron is now the dominant COVID strain in the U.S., making up 73% of new infections", according to NPR. Mediocre references are universally better than nothing, unless they are likely blatantly dishonest, I think.

I don't have time now to research this further, but I'm reverting your deletion. This will make it easier for someone else to find the information needed to improve it. DavidMCEddy (talk) 14:41, 21 December 2021 (UTC)
 * I have added the appropriate templates to alert readers about the significant unreliability of this information. --Fernando Trebien (talk) 17:07, 21 December 2021 (UTC)

 * Thx. DavidMCEddy (talk) 18:39, 21 December 2021 (UTC)

 * Why are you removing Omicron? It already has its own Wikipedia article based on its rapid spread, making it currently the dominant variant in hospitals worldwide if I understand correctly what I've read.  I'm reverting your deletion.  DavidMCEddy (talk) 15:09, 22 December 2021 (UTC)
 * Because there is no reliable source for the R naught value. No one has published a paper with it in it. Once there is, it can go back in. Mvolz (talk) 15:10, 22 December 2021 (UTC)
 * I think that Omicron is the Covid Equivalent of Measles. One source said that the "R number of Omicron is 15". To me, that fact is shocking. is the second most contagious virus in the world" Ant1234567 (talk) 15:17, 22 December 2021 (UTC)
 * It may be. But if you look around a bit, you'll see people proposing wildly different numbers. From WP:MEDRS, we, wikipedians, should not be the judge. Take a look at the reference for the R0 of the ancestral strain, you'll see that their data sources also indicated a variety of numbers, especially in the beginning of the pandemic. This could be due to various biases and sometimes also local environmental factors. So what should we do in Wikipedia? I know people who, pointing out to WP:MEDRS, argue that only secondary sources can be used. For the ancestral strain, it took many months for reviews and meta-analyses to be published. A better approach is to accept primary sources initially, but the source we had in the article was not even primary, it was an expert opinion, which according to WP:MEDRS is very unreliable. Another expert, working in a different place with different data, may have a very different opinion. Another problem is that that opinion was published in some little known news portal, which is not good enough even for more trivial pieces of information. We should try to balance the need to inform quickly with the need to inform correctly. --Fernando Trebien (talk) 15:59, 22 December 2021 (UTC)

 * I just found out that Omicron has been removed from this article. This is unfair for people like us? Why would someone remove this in such an important article? I researched and found that Omicron has a R0 of 15. That variant needs to be placed between Measles and Chickenpox. Here a source to confirm - Omicron is the ‘second most contagious’ virus in the world. Add it ASAP. If not, I would add it back. Thanks. Ant1234567 (talk) 19:21, 22 December 2021 (UTC)
 * It's important, and that's why it's important to get it right. Unfortunately the source you've provided is not a reliable source for that information. See discussion here:Talk:Basic_reproduction_number and also WP:MEDRS for what counts as a reliable source. Mvolz (talk) 10:12, 23 December 2021 (UTC)
 * I agree that we need reliable sources and that it is important to include Omicron's R. The good news is that since last month, there are now three good reliable sources from PubMed that we can quote. So I will grab the R estimates from those articles and add them to the main article. Keep in mind that _all_ R estimates for _all_ human diseases are imprecise. R is very hard to measure. It changes over time and in different populations. And there are different methods (formulas) for estimating it, so even with the same data, R can differ between scientists. So every R in the table is an uncertain range, not just the one for Omicron. Jaredroach (talk)
 * Those papers report *relative* reproductive rates. You can't multiply them; these are NOT WP:Routine calculations. There are no papers reporting absolute basic reproduction numbers because it's hard, actually. Mvolz (talk) 19:52, 29 January 2022 (UTC)

 * Isn't there something that can be reported?
 * Can we add a separate column or some other symbol to indicate that we are including "relative" not "basic" reproduction numbers, and include those, with an explanation of "relative to what"?
 * People are making decisions. They will make decisions on no information, if we are not allowed to post the best information that's available.  I think we should post here the best information that's available with appropriate explanations of the deficiencies.
 * Thanks, DavidMCEddy (talk) 20:21, 29 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I wasn't clear enough in my comment. These are relative reproduction rates; they are not even relative BASIC reproduction rates. This is an article about BASIC reproductive rates. The key difference is a basic reproductive rate is in a hypothetically immunologically naive population. This is actually really, really important for Omicron because it is immune evading variant. What that means is that a large part of increase in transmissibility reported in those papers is due to immune evasion, NOT having a higher R0.
 * One of the papers that was added does a sensitivity analysis that *does* address relative BASIC reproductive rates. They specifically says most of the increase in transmissibility of Omicron is due to immune evasion (which does not affect R0) and that their analysis did not even have enough power to say whether the ratio of R0delta/R0Omicron was less than 1 (Figure 1B).
 * Reporting that Omicron has a higher R0 is actively misinforming people. What we DO know is that Omicron has higher transmissability, and a big part of that is immune evasion. What we DON'T know yet is whether or not it has a higher R0 (basic reproductive rate/higher intrinsic transmissibility). The science on that is still unsettled. Mvolz (talk) 20:52, 29 January 2022 (UTC)

We have a minimally reliable source for Omicron now, but by no means definitive. I think it makes sense to leave it there and update it when better sources become available. --Fernando Trebien (talk) 13:39, 23 May 2022 (UTC)

The long view on the "Sample values for various infectious diseases" table
For this page - the general page on Basic reproduction number - we need to start thinking about what this page looks like years and decades from now. We have perhaps, justified or not, been overly focused on SARS-CoV-2 edits over the past three years. In the long run, it does not make sense to have multiple rows for the same pathogen, even if there are multiple strains of that pathogen (Flu, SARS-CoV-2, etc.). As discussed above, it is incredibly hard to know what the R0 is for any given strain (even to the point of there being many different R0s – each population and circumstance dependent). Even if there were not a problem with uncertainties in both the definition and the measurements of R0s, the table will end up being cluttered. It will also be biased towards certain pathogens that have more strains documented by editors. And it becomes a venue for endless debate among us editors over which strains should be included (and what the values to enter in the table should be). Of course, there can be lots of information on the differences in reproduction numbers between strains and circumstances for each pathogen. These discussions, perhaps with mini-tables, should go on each pathogen-specific page, not on this main page. We can still put ranges on reproduction numbers for each pathogen. We can link these ranges to pathogen-specific pages. I'll try to work on these simplifications as I get an opportunity in the coming months, but feel free to jump the gun. Discussion/comments welcome. Jaredroach (talk) 20:25, 18 August 2022 (UTC)

SEIR model
Unfortunately the description of the SEIR model is flawed. It is apparently based on reference 21, but the content of this reference does not correspond to the content of the relevant section. The whole thing should be completely rewritten; maybe I'll do it when I have more time. Jt omega (talk) 09:01, 16 November 2022 (UTC)

 * Please. You've probably already noticed this, but this section refers to a section on the same topic in Compartmental models in epidemiology.  I've found it useful with similar cases to compare the two.  DavidMCEddy (talk) 10:05, 16 November 2022 (UTC)
 * In Compartmental models the SEIR model is correctly stated, while here it is not. Also otherwise the discussion here is nonsense. Jt omega (talk) 13:41, 16 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Ideally we move all the stuff on compartmental models from here to Compartmental models in epidemiology. We should link from here to there. We should not duplicate stuff here. We can summarize it in a sentence here. I'll start moving stuff when I get the time if nobody beats me to it. Jaredroach (talk) 17:36, 17 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I have now made most of these moves. There may still be a little bit of excess detail remaining in this article, but it is looking much less cluttered now. Jaredroach (talk) 18:21, 20 February 2024 (UTC)

"Reff"
Is the effective reproduction number often referred to by the term "Reff" (Reff)? If so, why not add this information to the article? 173.88.246.138 (talk) 03:51, 25 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Basic reproduction number


text:
Maine Maritime Academy

Maine Maritime Academy (Maine Maritime or MMA) is a public college focused on maritime training and located in Castine, Maine. The academy was established by the 90th Maine Legislature on March 21, 1941. Unlike federal service academies, a congressional recommendation is not required to attend this state school. Students are not obligated to go to sea or into the military after graduation, and a large portion of the graduating class chooses shore-side employment, often in maritime-related fields or the power generation industry.

Maine Maritime Academy is one of six, non-federal, maritime training colleges in the United States and one of only two that fields a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps (NROTC) unit. The college is affiliated under the New England Commission of Higher Education.

Academics
The academy offers undergraduate bachelor's degrees through four schools:

 * The Harold Alfond School of Engineering
 * The Thompson School of Marine Transportation
 * The Loeb-Sullivan School of International Business & Logistics
 * The Corning School of Ocean Studies

The academy also offers interdisciplinary bachelor's degree programs and associate degrees. The academy offers two graduate level programs through the Loeb-Sullivan School of International Business and Logistics.

Maine Maritime Academy has co-op and internship programs. Students from all engineering majors and the Marine Transportation Operations major are required to complete at least one co-op. Some majors are required to complete multiple co-ops. Students in the Regiment of Midshipmen have the opportunity or requirement to participate in two cruises with the Training Ship State of Maine (TSSOM). Students in the Small Vessel Operations major have the opportunity to sail with the schooner Bowdoin on her yearly training cruise.

Notable alumni of Maine Maritime Academy include Kenneth M. Curtis, Chris Caiazzo, Deborah Doane Dempsey, and Thomas K. Shannon.

Athletics
Maine Maritime athletic teams are the Mariners. The academy is a member of the Division III level of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), primarily competing in the North Atlantic Conference (NAC) for most of its sports since the 1996–97 academic year; with the football team playing in the New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference (NEWMAC), and the sailing teams playing in the Division I level of the New England Intercollegiate Sailing Association (NEISA).

Maine Maritime competes in 15 intercollegiate varsity sports: Men's sports include basketball, cross country, football, golf, lacrosse, sailing, soccer and swimming & diving; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, lacrosse, sailing, soccer, swimming & diving and volleyball. Club sports include men's & women's wrestling. The football program was suspended on August 14, 2020 due to COVID-19 financial impacts. It was announced on January 9, 2023, after a successful fundraising campaign, that the football program would resume a varsity program with the 2025 season, competing in the Commonwealth Coast Conference.

Training ships
The academy has utilized a number of vessels over the years to provide hands-on training and instruction opportunities for cadets at sea, usually former U.S. Navy ships. Each of the academy's training ships bear the same name, TS State of Maine, during their respective time in service as the academy training ship.
 * USS Comfort (AH-6) - 1953-1963
 * USS Ancon (AGC-4) - 1963-1973
 * USNS Upshur (T-AP-198) - 1973-1995
 * TS State of Maine (formerly USNS Tanner (T-AGS-40)) - 6 June 1997-present

title: Maine Maritime Academy


text:
Tasmanian Wilderness Society

The Tasmanian Wilderness Society was a Tasmanian environmental group that started in 1976 in response to a proposal by the state's Hydro Electric Commission to construct a dam on the Gordon River, downstream from the Franklin River, that led to the Franklin Dam controversy. The group evolved from membership of the South West Tasmania Action Committee and members of the United Tasmania Group. It was active in public protest about the issues of Wilderness, the Franklin River and South West Tasmania.

After the Franklin Dam campaign the group changed its name in 1983 to The Wilderness Society (Australia).

title: Tasmanian Wilderness Society