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Maynard's House

Maynard's House is a horror novel by Herman Raucher. The book is the story of a young Vietnam War veteran, Austin, suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder who learns that his best friend, the eponymous Maynard, has been killed in combat; in his will, Maynard leaves the narrator his house, a historical site in which a woman accused of witchcraft was killed around the time of the Salem Witch Trials. Austin moves into the house, and shortly thereafter is trapped when an unexpectedly strong winter storm sweeps in. Isolated in the home, the narrator begins to try to come to terms with the trauma of the things he witnessed in combat, and grows increasingly paranoid that the home might be haunted by the murdered witch.

The themes of a man troubled by his inheritance of something belonging to a dead soldier, and of a man's best friend being killed in war, are ones that run in many of Herman Raucher's works, and are implicitly tied to traumatic events in his own life: He lost his virginity to a traumatized war widow, and his best friend, an army medic, was killed in combat in the Korean War on Raucher's birthday.

title: Maynard's House


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Meyer London

Meyer London (December 29, 1871 – June 6, 1926) was an American politician from New York City. He represented the Lower East Side of Manhattan and was one of only two members of the Socialist Party of America elected to the United States Congress.

Early life and education
London was born in Kalvarija, Lithuania (then part of the Russian Empire) on December 29, 1871. Meyer's father, Efraim London, was a former Talmudic scholar who had become politically revolutionary and philosophically agnostic, while his mother had remained a devotee of Judaism. His father had established himself as a grain merchant in Zenkov, a small town located in Poltava province of Ukraine but his financial situation was poor, and in 1888 his father emigrated with Meyer's younger brother to the United States, leaving Meyer behind.

Meyer attended Cheder, a traditional Jewish primary school in which he learned Hebrew, before entering Russian-language schools to begin his secular education. In 1891, when Meyer was 20, the family decided to follow his father to America so Meyer terminated his studies and departed for New York City, taking up residence in the city's largely Jewish Lower East Side.

In America, Meyer's father had become a commercial printer, doing jobs in the Yiddish, Russian, and English languages and publishing his own radical weekly called Morgenstern. Efraim London's shop was a hub of activity, bringing together Jewish radical intellectuals from throughout the city, many of whom met and influenced the printer's son with their ideas.

Meyer earned money as a tutor, taking on pupils at irregular hours and teaching literature and other topics. He later obtained a job as a librarian, a position which allowed him sufficient time to read about history and politics and to study law in his free time. Meyer also frequented radical meetings, gradually developing proficiency as a public speaker and participant in public debates.

In 1896, London was accepted to the law school of New York University, attending most of his classes at night. He completed the program and was admitted to the bar in New York in 1898, becoming a labor lawyer, taking on cases which fought injunctions or defending the rights of tenants against the transgressions of landlords. London did not handle criminal cases, but rather limited himself to matters of civil law.

Career

In the 1890s, London joined the Socialist Labor Party of America (SLP), standing as its candidate for New York State Assembly in 1896. He was attracted by Eugene V. Debs and his new Social Democracy of America (SDA) and resigned from the SLP to help establish Local Branch No. 1 of the Social Democracy in New York in 1897. He was a delegate to the June 1898 convention of SDA in Chicago and was one of the political action-oriented minority which bolted the June 1898 convention to establish the Social Democratic Party of America (SDP) following a dispute over the strategy of socialist colonization.

In 1898, London again ran for New York Assembly in the old 4th Assembly District, this time as the candidate of the SDP.

In the summer of 1901, the Chicago-based SDP merged with another group of former adherents of the Socialist Labor Party to form the Socialist Party of America (SPA), and London transferred his political allegiance to the new organization. He ran for a third time for the 4th Assembly District seat in 1904, this time under the banner of the SPA.

The Russian Revolution of 1905 was deeply inspirational to the former citizen of the Tsarist regime, and London threw himself into the task of speaking to mass meetings organized to help raise funds for the relief of Jewish victims of the pogroms which erupted at that same time. London also engaged in fund-raising on behalf of the Bund, the Yiddish-language revolutionary movement in regions with significant Jewish populations in the old Russian Empire.

London was active in the 1910 New York Cloakmakers strike, during which the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union (ILGWU) brought out 50,000 in a successful struggle for higher wages and better work conditions against their employers. In his capacity as counsel for the ILGWU, London drew up and published a communique in the name of the strike committee. In this manifesto, London declared:

"We charge the employers with ruining the great trade built up by the industrious immigrants. We charge them with having corrupted the morale of thousands employed in the cloak trade. ... Treachery, slavishness and espionage are encouraged by the employers as great virtues of the cloakmakers. This general strike is greater than any union. It is an irresistible movement of the people. It is a protest against conditions that can no longer be tolerated. This is the first great attempt to regulate conditions in the trade, to do away with that anarchy and chaos which keeps some of the men working sixteen hours a day during the hottest months of the year while thousands of others have no employment whatever. ... We appeal to the people of America to assist us in our struggle."

London argued against an injunction issued against the strikers before the New York Supreme Court en route to a victory of the strikers after a labor action lasting the better part of two months.

London's place in the cloakmakers' strike made him one of the best-known public faces of the Socialist Party in New York City and over the course of three runs for Congress he gradually constructed a winning coalition, emerging victorious despite the violence and fraud practiced by the campaign of his Tammany Hall-supported Democratic opponent in the election of 1914. London thus became the second Socialist elected to Congress, following Wisconsin's Victor Berger.

U.S. Congress
As a Congressman, Meyer London was one of 50 representatives and six senators to vote against entry into World War I. Once America was at war, however, London felt obliged to support the nation's efforts in the conflict. He strongly opposed the Espionage Act of 1917 and the Sedition Act of 1918, which made criticism of the president or the war a crime, and in the end cast the only vote in the House against the Sedition Act of 1918. These actions angered his constituency but London said: "I wonder whether I am to be punished for having had the courage to vote against the war or for standing by my country's decision when it chose war."

London's support of the Wilson administration's war effort enraged many within the Socialist Party, who saw London's actions as a rank betrayal of the party's anti-militarist program. In a statement to members of the Socialist Party, London's radical opponents chronicled his transgressions:

"He ignored the St. Louis Resolution right after it was adopted. He refused to introduce bills suggested by the National Executive Committee. He neglected every opportunity of manifesting the attitude of the Socialist Party ... When London sent his famous telegram to Russia not to conclude a separate peace, a good many of us felt that he ought to be recalled from Congress. If we had no courage to recall him then, let us have courage now to reconsider his nomination."

As a Jewish Socialist, London's position on Zionism further complicated his political situation. Although he upset socialist Labor Zionists by refusing to introduce a resolution endorsing the Balfour Declaration into the House of Representatives, London did not oppose the right of Jews to live "a separate and distinct national existence fortified by a Jewish state ... All that I ask of them is that they should not speak in the name of all Jews." Further, London believed in the possibility of a specifically socialist Jewish state, so long as it "can be accomplished without violating the Socialist principle which forbids forcible annexation." However, London's refusal to introduce the resolution united many Zionists against him. The Jewish community was further fragmented in opposition to London, with Orthodox Jews advocating his defeat because he was not religious while rich and powerful Jews worked against him because he was a socialist. Uptown Jews like Jacob Schiff, Louis Marshall, Nathan Straus, and Rabbi Stephen S. Wise urged the Jews to redeem themselves by rejecting London.

London was thus placed in the uncomfortable position of simultaneously being attacked both as a dangerous radical on the one hand and as a collaborationist traitor to radicalism on the other; as un-American and pro-German on the one hand and as an American nationalist and abettor of militarism on the other; for subsuming the Socialist program in the interest of the Jews in his district on the one hand and for neglecting the sweeping desire for Jewish nationhood in the interests of socialist internationalism on the other. This proved too much even for the powers of political incumbency to overcome. With the Democratic and Republican parties united behind a single "fusion" candidate and his own supporters fragmented, London narrowly lost reelection in 1918, falling to Henry M. Goldfogle by a tally of 7,269 to 6,519.

Two years later, in 1920, the Lower East Side sent London back to Congress. The vote was 10,212 for London to 8,054 for Goldfogle. In Israel and the American National Interest, Cheryl A. Rubenberg states: "On September 21, 1922, the American Congress passed a joint resolution stating its support for a homeland in Palestine for the Jewish people". He was defeated for reelection two years later by Samuel Dickstein.

Personal life and death
London was a cousin in the family of Tony Judt. He was an uncle of Ephraim London, and through Ephraim, grandnieces were Sheila Michaels, a remarkable activist in her own right, whom Ephraim never publicly acknowledged as his daughter, and Ephraim's nieces Harriet Fraad and Rosalyn Baxandall; their mother Irma was his sister.

London died on Sunday, June 6, 1926. As he was crossing Second Avenue at 15th Street, he was caught in the middle of heavy automobile traffic passing in both directions. London became confused and when he halted in the middle of the road he was struck by a driver of a car, suffering internal injuries. The driver rushed him to Bellevue Hospital, where London's daughter was an intern. When she saw her father, London's only concern was that the driver not be punished. "It's not his fault", said London "and he is a poor man." London died at 10 o'clock that night at the age of 54, after physicians had labored for 11 hours to save him.

News immediately began to spread about the death of the beloved Congressman and crowds immediately began to gather in front of the hospital, the Londons' home, and the building of The Jewish Daily Forward newspaper. The next day, London's body was taken to the Forward building, where it lay in state while 25,000 men, women, and children filed past the casket, paying their respects. A funeral followed on Wednesday, June 10, one of the greatest mass displays of mourning in New York City's history, witnessed by an estimated 500,000 people. The streets were jammed with a procession of 50,000 people, as hundreds of thousands crowded windows and hung from fire escapes or stood along the procession route in a crowd jammed six people deep.

London's body was interred at Mount Carmel Cemetery in Glendale, New York, in the borough of Queens.

Legacy
In spite of his votes against the previous world war, London became the namesake of a World War II Liberty ship, the USS Meyer London, launched in 1943.

One of the buildings of Hillman Housing Corporation, a housing cooperative founded by the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America, in the Lower East Side of Manhattan is named after him. There is also a K-5 elementary school located in the Lower East Side named after Meyer London, also known as P.S. 2.

In an article for The New York Review of Books, historian Tony Judt writes that London is a relative of his: "Our cousin Meyer London had emigrated in 1891 to New York from a nearby village; there he was elected in 1914 as the second Socialist congressman before being ousted by an ignominious alliance of wealthy New York Jews disturbed by his socialism and American Zionists aghast at his well-publicized suspicion of their project."

Books and pamphlets

 * Joint Resolution, Calling Upon the President of the United States to Convene a Congress of Neutral Nations to Offer Mediation to the Belligerents in Europe ...  Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1915.
 * "Preparedness": Its Dangers: A Socialist View of the Militarist Agitation, in the Light of the European War, with a Plea for Mediation. Speech of Hon. Meyer London ... in the House of representatives January 18, 1916. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1916.
 * National Honor: Speech of Hon. Meyer London of New York in the House of Representatives, March 6, 1916. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1916.
 * Abraham Lincoln, a World Force: Speech ... in the House of Representatives, Feb. 12, 1918. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1918.
 * International Socialism and the Inter-Allied War Aims: Speech of the Hon. Meyer London of New York in the House of Representatives, Wednesday, May 1, 1918. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office, 1918.

Articles

 * "Socialism and the Terms of Peace," Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science in the City of New York, vol. 7, no. 2 (July 1917), pp. 97–101.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Meyer London


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Talk:Golpayegan

Untitled
This article really needs expanding...

Gringo300 03:53, 13 October 2005 (UTC) Thank you for your suggestion! When you feel an article needs changing, please feel free to make whatever changes you feel are needed. Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone can edit any article by simply following the  link. You don't even need to log in! (Although there are some reasons why you might like to...) The Wikipedia community encourages you to be bold. Don't worry too much about making honest mistakes—they're likely to be found and corrected quickly. If you're not sure how editing works, check out how to edit a page, or use out the sandbox to try out your editing skills. New contributors are always welcome. Tom e r TALK 06:45, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 15:22, 27 July 2019 (UTC)
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title: Talk:Golpayegan


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Le Creuset

Le Creuset (, meaning "the crucible") is a French-Belgian maker of cookware. They are best known for producing enameled cast-iron cookware. The company first manufactured their products in the town of Fresnoy-le-Grand in France in 1925, which are similar in function to a Dutch oven but with T-shaped handles. The Le Creuset Dutch oven is on display in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History in Washington, D.C. as a part of the recreation of the chef Julia Child's kitchen. It has been widely reported to be her favorite cooking pot, though specialist sources hold that it was the Dutch oven of Le Creuset's less-remembered competitor Descoware that was her real favorite. The company also makes many other types of cookware and bakeware, from fondue-sets to tagines.

History
Le Creuset was founded in Fresnoy-le-Grand, Aisne, Picardy at the crossroads of transportation routes for iron, coke, and sand. Armand De Saegher (a Belgian casting specialist) and Octave Aubecq (a Belgian enamelling specialist) opened the foundry in 1925. That same year, the first cocotte (or French oven) was produced, laying the foundation for what is now an extensive range of cookware and kitchen utensils. Flame (orange), was used for the first piece.

During World War II, Le Creuset began to focus on continually improving cast iron.

In the 1950s the designer Raymond Loewy introduced a futuristic type of cookware.

In 1957, Le Creuset purchased a competitor, Les Hauts Fourneaux de Cousances, and began producing items such as a grill and a fondue set.

The cookery writer Elizabeth David promoted Mediterranean cooking in the UK and was a Le Creuset promoter, particularly in her 1969 booklet 'Cooking with Le Creuset'. One of the colours of blue in the cookware range was created for her.

The current Le Creuset logo was introduced in 1970 as a symbolic representation of metal casting and moulding.

In the 1970s Enzo Mari designed distinctive Dutch ovens and saucepans with domed lids and typical handles. In the 1980s JC Barrault's "Futura" line was launched.

The company was purchased by Paul van Zuydam in 1988.

In 1995, Le Creuset began exploring new product categories: stainless steel, stoneware, silicone, enamel on steel, textiles and forged hard-anodized aluminium.

Le Creuset offers a variety of colours, from bright (e.g. cherry, a gradated red) to muted (e.g. dune, a gradated off-white). Its discontinued colours include cobalt (gradated blue-violet), black onyx (solid black), kiwi (gradated light green), as well as slate, granite, cactus, and citron. In addition to their standard colors, Le Creuset partners with major kitchenware retail brands such as Williams-Sonoma and Sur La Table to offer unique "exclusive" colors which are only available for purchase through their respective stores.

Le Creuset kitchenware gained new fans amongst users of social media in 2020 as a high value designer brand.

Production
To manufacture their cast-iron cookware, the Le Creuset foundry uses standard sand casting methods. After hand finishing, items are sprayed with at least two coats of enamel. The Le Creuset Signature range of cast iron cookware is coated in a minimum of three coats of enamel. The enamel becomes resistant to damage during normal use. Currently, all Le Creuset cast-iron cookware is still manufactured in the company's foundry in Fresnoy-le-Grand. The process was featured on BBC Two's Inside the Factory.

Le Creuset products that are not cast-iron may be made in other countries, such as China (accessories or silicone products), Thailand (kettles and ceramics), England (enamel cleaner), Portugal (stainless steel), and Eswatini (clay pots).

title: Le Creuset


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User talk:Razynder

Welcome to Wikipedia
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Sources for Josef Kates
Hello, good work on Josef Kates, and thanks for the contribution. However, you did not provide any references or sources in the article. Keeping Wikipedia accurate and verifiable is very important, and as you might be aware there is currently a push to encourage editors to cite the sources they used when adding content. Can you list in the article any websites, books, or other sources that will allow people to verify the content in Josef Kates? You can simply add links, or see WP:CITET for different citation methods. Thanks! Lupin|talk|popups 23:39, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Razynder! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. The biographies of living persons policy requires that all personal or potentially controversial information be sourced. In addition, to insure verifiability, all biographies should be based on reliable sources. if you were to bring this article up to standards, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

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 * 1) Josef Kates -

Your submission at Articles for creation: Francis James Bernard
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title: User talk:Razynder


text:
Talk:Enameled cast iron

Replaced?
It claims this material has been replaced by modern alloys. I don't think so. For example, a French Oven still fetches $190 on Amazon. —BenFrantzDale 03:57, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

The only thing it's used for now is Dutch Ovens
Enameled cast iron used be used for every type of cookware. Now it's only used for Dutch oven/casserole type pots and even then, is now more of a luxury type item than a common piece of cookware. I'll change the description to say: "has been largely replaced" instead of "replaced".

rolled into Cast iron cookware
The contents of this page have been rolled into Cast iron cookware

title: Talk:Enameled cast iron


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User talk:Darth Boz

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title: User talk:Darth Boz


text:
Raphaël Haroche

Raphaël Haroche (born 7 November 1975), professionally known under his mononym Raphael, is a French singer–songwriter and actor.

Personal and media life
Raphael was born as Raphaël Haroche on 7 November 1975 in Paris, France, and was raised in Boulogne-Billancourt, Hauts-de-Seine. His father is of Moroccan and Russian Jewish descent and his mother is Argentinian. One of his paternal uncles is physics Nobel prize laureate Serge Haroche.

During his childhood and his adolescence, Raphael played the piano and the guitar.

In June 2007, Raphael placed ninth on the French Elle magazine "15 Sexiest Man" list. He has been in a relationship with actress Mélanie Thierry, who appeared in the music video for his single "Caravan". On 24 May 2008, Thierry gave birth to the couple's first child, Roman. Their second son, Aliocha, was born in December 2013.

Musical career
In 2000, Raphael released his first album Hôtel de l'univers (the title is a tribute to Arthur Rimbaud), but it was not until three years later that he enjoyed his first mainstream success with the song Sur la Route, a duo with famous French singer Jean-Louis Aubert, included in his second album La Réalité. With this album, he chose folk music.

In 2005, Raphael released his third album, Caravane, to huge critical acclaim and commercial success. He received three Music's Victories in 2006.

In September 2006, Raphael released the double live album Résistance à la nuit featuring songs from his first three albums as well as a nod to Íngrid Betancourt in the form of the songs La petite chanson and Ceci n'est pas un adieu.

At the beginning of 2007, Raphael became a member of the supergroup Les Aventuriers d'un autre Monde with Jean-Louis Aubert, Alain Bashung, Cali, Daniel Darc, and Richard Kolinka.

In February 2007, Raphael released his live acoustic album Une nuit au Châtelet which is partly a tribute to French singers such as Bernard Lavilliers, Gérard Manset, and Serge Gainsbourg. Amongst the many musicians working on this project was ex-David Bowie pianist Mike Garson.

Raphael's fourth studio album, Je sais que la terre est plate was released on 17 March 2008. This album featured the song Haïti, a collaboration with the Jamaican group Toots & the Maytals.

On 27 September 2010, Raphael released his fifth studio album, Pacific 231.

Other work
In 1999, Raphael made a brief appearance in the comedy film Peut-être (French: Maybe), directed by Cédric Klapisch. He would subsequently had small roles in The Dancer (2000) and the television film Les grand gamins. In 2010, Raphael portrayed the character of Louis in Ces amours-là, directed by Claude Lelouch. The film was premiered in France on 15 September 2011.

title: Raphaël Haroche


text:
User talk:Bhumiya/Japanocentrism

Purpose?
Hello. Is this article intended to be moved to the main namespace eventually? Thanks. --ChrisRuvolo (t) 03:59, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, absolutely. I just figured it would be best to experiment with it before making it into a real article. I welcome comments and suggestions. If anybody thinks it can stand as a real article, they're welcome to move it to the namespace. Bhumiya/Talk 19:30, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bhumiya/Japanocentrism


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/WOJO

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. >: Roby Wayne Talk • Hist • E@ 05:51, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

WOJO
This article is just taking up space. Wikipedia can't have an article on every radio station. Banana04131 04:00, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Delete Non-notable. Banana04131 04:00, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and cleanup. Radio station in Chicago, a large city, and Wikipedia has articles on many of its competitors. Capitalistroadster 04:05, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, licensed radio station. Kappa 15:12, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, Disagree with Banana, licensed radio stations are notable. Karmafist 15:41, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep strong precedent for listing radio stations on wikipedia.--Isotope23 18:21, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Wikipedia is not paper and we already have plenty of radio station articles. 23skidoo 18:26, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Since no-one is saying it, and there's an obvious precedent for including radio stations, Speedy keep. Dottore So 20:01, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Exactly. Speedy keep. And by the way, can anyone explain to me why we can't, theoretically, have an article on every radio station? Right now the precedent includes most, but not all of them, and I'm not saying that that should necessarily be changed, but... we could, if the Wikipedia community agreed to it, indeed have an article on every radio station, right? This isn't Encyclopedia Brittanica around here, and thank god. --Jacquelyn Marie 21:40, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't object to keeping significant radio stations, I think there the ones that only have W and K call signs, but very small stations should be excluded. One source says there's 12,000 commercial radio stations in the U.S., so I suppose it's possible to include them all. However, the worldwide number is much higher, probably between 50,000 and 150,000. -- Kjkolb 02:21, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Right now, "very small stations" are defined by precedent as being no larger in scope than one city. And I'm not arguing that the precendent should change. Just pointing out the possibilities. :) --Jacquelyn Marie 04:29, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * So we need to drop all of the ones that begin with C in Canada where many have a large number of listeners in the US? Using only 2 of the beginning letters for call signs is not the way this wiki should work.  It is not only about the US. Vegaswikian 05:37, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I was talking about establishing notability for U.S. stations only, not criteria for other countries. I'm kind of stumped trying to figure out how it could have been interpreted otherwise. W and K only have meaning in the U.S. as far as I know, and it would be nonsensical to exclude radio stations from other countries on that basis. Anyway, the point was that, from looking at the FCC website, it looks like very small stations in the U.S. get call signs like NJ9AZ and the commercial/bigger stations in the U.S. get the four letter call signs that begin with W or K.
 * Random point: commercial radio stations aren't the only notable ones, I think. I think if a station is commercial, that is more of a guarantee that it will be notable, though. --Jacquelyn Marie 15:22, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * However, that criteria may be too inclusive. 12,000 radio stations is a lot and if the stations in the rest of the world are judged by similar criteria, relevant to the country it's in, it will be a lot of stations. If there's only 50,000 stations in the world that would meet the criteria, it would be 6% of the total pages we currently have in Wikipedia (19% if it's 150,000). -- Kjkolb 09:37, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Maybe we could create something like WP:MUSIC for radio stations? --Jacquelyn Marie 15:22, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Sounds like a good idea. I think the current, informal criteria is whether is notable outside the area, but that doesn't make much sense to me. In mountainous areas, signals don't travel very far and if you can't hear the station, how would it become notable? Even the coastal range here in California (2 to 3 thousand feet where I live) severely limits the range of local stations. I also think that there could be non-commercial stations that are notable, although I think the big ones still get the W and K call signs and that the 12,000 number includes even small commercial stations. (I'm not saying that any station without them is non-notable, though). I'll look into developing criteria. -- Kjkolb 08:56, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Barney Miller speedy keep Grutness...  wha?  23:55, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment I am all in favor of articles on significant radio stations, such as some of the American superstations, or radio stations such as CJCA (one of my (blush) articles) which have some important historical heritage. However, most radio stations are like most schools in that they are utterly ordinary and devoid of any individual character. Denni ☯ 08:00, 14 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - Licensed radio station. --rob 04:37, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/WOJO


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Talk:Minamoto no Yoshitsune

Project Assessment
A fine start, but surprisingly short considering the prominence of Yoshitsune in Japanese culture and history. Needs expansion of historical narrative, as well as attention to his treatment in the countless traditional tales and plays in which he features. Maybe I'll come back to this when I have a chance... LordAmeth 16:44, 10 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I am changing the importance to "High" (from "Top") and I've noted this at WikiProject Japan/Importance. If you'd like to reelevate it, feel free to comment over there. There are only about 50 top-importance articles listed now, and I'm not confident that this is one of the 50 most important articles we are working on. Dekimasu よ! 11:14, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

How's it hangan?
Can somebody who actually reads Japanese include a translation of that? Trekphiler (talk) 18:36, 26 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Inspect the translation that I have been sporadically working on (based off the 源義経 featured article version) here. It has wild inaccuracies due to my incompetences, but I think it has plenty that’s worth noting, and quite a bit that could use merging into this article. I personally don’t see how the Japanese article got featured status, though; I think it wanders quite a bit and does not present the facts sequentially enough. It’s certainly not worth the copy-paste treatment – Yoshitsune may be the greatest of the samurai to some, but a lot of the article would be just plain trivial for an English encyclopedia’s purposes. -BRPXQZME (talk) 08:06, 26 June 2008 (UTC)

 * The common phrase is hōgan bīki (判官びいき) which means favoritism towards Yoshitsune and other underdogs or those fallen from grace.
 * I see it explained here the position/rank ja:判官 is read as hangan, but when you want to use this title to refer to Yoshitsune it is read "hōgan", due to it being a proper noun sort of usage. --Kiyoweap (talk) 14:22, 22 May 2019 (UTC)

Popular Culture Addition
Given the overall themes of Takashi Miike's Sukiyaki Wester Django, I would think that the Yoshitsune character in that film is based on the historical figure. The entire film deals with a conflict between the Genji and Heike clans. I won't add it as I'm not sure if this is really the case. It seems likely though. 69.204.205.190 (talk) 06:01, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

Legend about his identification with Genghis Khan
Here are some sources: http://books.google.it/books?id=I-Hwlni30KgC&pg=PA20&dq=%22Minamoto+Yoshitsune+to+Gen+Gikyo%22&hl=it&sa=X&ei=b5SKUb3fBoO7Pe_QgdAD&ved=0CDUQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Minamoto%20Yoshitsune%20to%20Gen%20Gikyo%22&f=false http://books.google.it/books?id=Pl_7PollB60C&pg=PA330&dq=%22Ho+proof+can+be+given+for+the+assumption.%22&hl=it&sa=X&ei=p5CKUfHNDqmP7AbDk4G4Bg&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22Ho%20proof%20can%20be%20given%20for%20the%20assumption.%22&f=false --151.41.236.64 (talk) 18:14, 8 May 2013 (UTC)

Additional Pop Culture references
Yoshitsune appears as the main character in a pair of video games, Genji: Days of the Blade, and Genji: Dawn of the Samurai. This info appears on the Pop Culture section of Benkei's page (he is a starring character along with Yoshitsune), so I would imagine some of it can just be cut from his article.

I'd do it myself, but I've never set up a new subsection of a page before, and don't want to screw something up. Daft Inquisitor (talk) 20:15, 8 January 2016 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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Persona 5 question
The answer is Heian even though Kawakama is correct too Baconcartoonist (talk) 23:21, 13 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Minamoto no Yoshitsune


text:
Model category

In mathematics, particularly in homotopy theory, a model category is a category with distinguished classes of morphisms ('arrows') called 'weak equivalences', 'fibrations' and 'cofibrations' satisfying certain axioms relating them. These abstract from the category of topological spaces or of chain complexes (derived category theory). The concept was introduced by.

In recent decades, the language of model categories has been used in some parts of algebraic K-theory and algebraic geometry, where homotopy-theoretic approaches led to deep results.

Motivation
Model categories can provide a natural setting for homotopy theory: the category of topological spaces is a model category, with the homotopy corresponding to the usual theory. Similarly, objects that are thought of as spaces often admit a model category structure, such as the category of simplicial sets.

Another model category is the category of chain complexes of R-modules for a commutative ring R. Homotopy theory in this context is homological algebra. Homology can then be viewed as a type of homotopy, allowing generalizations of homology to other objects, such as groups and R-algebras, one of the first major applications of the theory. Because of the above example regarding homology, the study of closed model categories is sometimes thought of as homotopical algebra.

Formal definition
The definition given initially by Quillen was that of a closed model category, the assumptions of which seemed strong at the time, motivating others to weaken some of the assumptions to define a model category. In practice the distinction has not proven significant and most recent authors (e.g., Mark Hovey and Philip Hirschhorn) work with closed model categories and simply drop the adjective 'closed'.

The definition has been separated to that of a model structure on a category and then further categorical conditions on that category, the necessity of which may seem unmotivated at first but becomes important later. The following definition follows that given by Hovey.

A model structure on a category C consists of three distinguished classes of morphisms (equivalently subcategories): weak equivalences, fibrations, and cofibrations, and two functorial factorizations $$(\alpha, \beta)$$ and $$ (\gamma, \delta)$$ subject to the following axioms. A fibration that is also a weak equivalence is called an acyclic (or trivial) fibration and a cofibration that is also a weak equivalence is called an acyclic (or trivial) cofibration (or sometimes called an anodyne morphism).

 * Axioms:

 * 1) Retracts: if g is a morphism belonging to one of the distinguished classes, and f is a retract of g (as objects in the arrow category $$C^2$$, where 2 is the 2-element ordered set), then f belongs to the same distinguished class. Explicitly, the requirement that f is a retract of g means that there exist i, j, r, and s, such that the following diagram commutes:
 * [[Image:Model category retract.png]]
 * 1) 2 of 3: if f and g are maps in C such that gf is defined and any two of these are weak equivalences then so is the third.
 * 2) Lifting: acyclic cofibrations have the left lifting property with respect to fibrations, and cofibrations have the left lifting property with respect to acyclic fibrations. Explicitly, if the outer square of the following diagram commutes, where i is a cofibration and p is a fibration, and i or p is acyclic, then there exists h completing the diagram.
 * [[Image:Model category lifting.png]]
 * 1) Factorization:
 * 2) * every morphism f in C can be written as $$p\circ i$$ for a fibration p and an acyclic cofibration i;
 * 3) * every morphism f in C can be written as $$p\circ i$$ for an acyclic fibration p and a cofibration i.

A model category is a category that has a model structure and all (small) limits and colimits, i.e., a complete and cocomplete category with a model structure.

Definition via weak factorization systems
The above definition can be succinctly phrased by the following equivalent definition: a model category is a category C and three classes of (so-called) weak equivalences W, fibrations F and cofibrations C so that

 * C has all limits and colimits,

 * $$(C \cap W, F)$$ is a weak factorization system,

 * $$(C, F \cap W)$$ is a weak factorization system
 * $$W$$ satisfies the 2 of 3 property.

First consequences of the definition
The axioms imply that any two of the three classes of maps determine the third (e.g., cofibrations and weak equivalences determine fibrations).

Also, the definition is self-dual: if C is a model category, then its opposite category $$\mathcal{C}^{op}$$ also admits a model structure so that weak equivalences correspond to their opposites, fibrations opposites of cofibrations and cofibrations opposites of fibrations.

Topological spaces
The category of topological spaces, Top, admits a standard model category structure with the usual (Serre) fibrations and with weak equivalences as weak homotopy equivalences. The cofibrations are not the usual notion found here, but rather the narrower class of maps that have the left lifting property with respect to the acyclic Serre fibrations. Equivalently, they are the retracts of the relative cell complexes, as explained for example in Hovey's Model Categories. This structure is not unique; in general there can be many model category structures on a given category. For the category of topological spaces, another such structure is given by Hurewicz fibrations and standard cofibrations, and the weak equivalences are the (strong) homotopy equivalences.

Chain complexes
The category of (nonnegatively graded) chain complexes of R-modules carries at least two model structures, which both feature prominently in homological algebra:
 * weak equivalences are maps that induce isomorphisms in homology;
 * cofibrations are maps that are monomorphisms in each degree with projective cokernel; and
 * fibrations are maps that are epimorphisms in each nonzero degree

or
 * weak equivalences are maps that induce isomorphisms in homology;
 * fibrations are maps that are epimorphisms in each degree with injective kernel; and
 * cofibrations are maps that are monomorphisms in each nonzero degree.

This explains why Ext-groups of R-modules can be computed by either resolving the source projectively or the target injectively. These are cofibrant or fibrant replacements in the respective model structures.

The category of arbitrary chain-complexes of R-modules has a model structure that is defined by

 * weak equivalences are chain homotopy equivalences of chain-complexes;
 * cofibrations are monomorphisms that are split as morphisms of underlying R-modules; and
 * fibrations are epimorphisms that are split as morphisms of underlying R-modules.

Further examples
Other examples of categories admitting model structures include the category of all small categories, the category of simplicial sets or simplicial presheaves on any small Grothendieck site, the category of topological spectra, and the categories of simplicial spectra or presheaves of simplicial spectra on a small Grothendieck site.

Simplicial objects in a category are a frequent source of model categories; for instance, simplicial commutative rings or simplicial R-modules admit natural model structures. This follows because there is an adjunction between simplicial sets and simplicial commutative rings (given by the forgetful and free functors), and in nice cases one can lift model structures under an adjunction.

A simplicial model category is a simplicial category with a model structure that is compatible with the simplicial structure.

Given any category C and a model category M, under certain extra hypothesis the category of functors Fun (C, M) (also called C-diagrams in M) is also a model category. In fact, there are always two candidates for distinct model structures: in one, the so-called projective model structure, fibrations and weak equivalences are those maps of functors which are fibrations and weak equivalences when evaluated at each object of C. Dually, the injective model structure is similar with cofibrations and weak equivalences instead. In both cases the third class of morphisms is given by a lifting condition (see below). In some cases, when the category C is a Reedy category, there is a third model structure lying in between the projective and injective.

The process of forcing certain maps to become weak equivalences in a new model category structure on the same underlying category is known as Bousfield localization. For example, the category of simplicial sheaves can be obtained as a Bousfield localization of the model category of simplicial presheaves.

Denis-Charles Cisinski has developed a general theory of model structures on presheaf categories (generalizing simplicial sets, which are presheaves on the simplex category).

If C is a model category, then so is the category Pro(C) of pro-objects in C. However, a model structure on Pro(C) can also be constructed by imposing a weaker set of axioms to C.

Some constructions
Every closed model category has a terminal object by completeness and an initial object by cocompleteness, since these objects are the limit and colimit, respectively, of the empty diagram. Given an object X in the model category, if the unique map from the initial object to X is a cofibration, then X is said to be cofibrant. Analogously, if the unique map from X to the terminal object is a fibration then X is said to be fibrant.

If Z and X are objects of a model category such that Z is cofibrant and there is a weak equivalence from Z to X then Z is said to be a cofibrant replacement for X. Similarly, if Z is fibrant and there is a weak equivalence from X to Z then Z is said to be a fibrant replacement for X. In general, not all objects are fibrant or cofibrant, though this is sometimes the case. For example, all objects are cofibrant in the standard model category of simplicial sets and all objects are fibrant for the standard model category structure given above for topological spaces.

Left homotopy is defined with respect to cylinder objects and right homotopy is defined with respect to path space objects. These notions coincide when the domain is cofibrant and the codomain is fibrant. In that case, homotopy defines an equivalence relation on the hom sets in the model category giving rise to homotopy classes.

Characterizations of fibrations and cofibrations by lifting properties
Cofibrations can be characterized as the maps which have the left lifting property with respect to acyclic fibrations, and acyclic cofibrations are characterized as the maps which have the left lifting property with respect to fibrations. Similarly, fibrations can be characterized as the maps which have the right lifting property with respect to acyclic cofibrations, and acyclic fibrations are characterized as the maps which have the right lifting property with respect to cofibrations.

Homotopy and the homotopy category
The homotopy category of a model category C is the localization of C with respect to the class of weak equivalences. This definition of homotopy category does not depend on the choice of fibrations and cofibrations. However, the classes of fibrations and cofibrations are useful in describing the homotopy category in a different way and in particular avoiding set-theoretic issues arising in general localizations of categories. More precisely, the "fundamental theorem of model categories" states that the homotopy category of C is equivalent to the category whose objects are the objects of C which are both fibrant and cofibrant, and whose morphisms are left homotopy classes of maps (equivalently, right homotopy classes of maps) as defined above. (See for instance Model Categories by Hovey, Thm 1.2.10)

Applying this to the category of topological spaces with the model structure given above, the resulting homotopy category is equivalent to the category of CW complexes and homotopy classes of continuous maps, whence the name.

Quillen adjunctions
A pair of adjoint functors
 * $$F: C \leftrightarrows D : G$$

between two model categories C and D is called a Quillen adjunction if F preserves cofibrations and acyclic cofibrations or, equivalently by the closed model axioms, such that G preserves fibrations and acyclic fibrations. In this case F and G induce an adjunction
 * $$LF: Ho(C) \leftrightarrows Ho(D) : RG$$

between the homotopy categories. There is also an explicit criterion for the latter to be an equivalence (F and G are called a Quillen equivalence then).

A typical example is the standard adjunction between simplicial sets and topological spaces:
 * $$|-|: \mathbf{sSet} \leftrightarrows \mathbf{Top} : Sing$$

involving the geometric realization of a simplicial set and the singular chains in some topological space. The categories sSet and Top are not equivalent, but their homotopy categories are. Therefore, simplicial sets are often used as models for topological spaces because of this equivalence of homotopy categories.

title: Model category


text: User talk:202.139.2.18

title: User talk:202.139.2.18


text:
Assise

In geology, an assise (from the French, derived from Latin assidere, "to sit beside") is two or more beds or strata of rock united by the occurrence of the same characteristic species or genera. In the hierarchy of stratigraphic units, an assise lies between a stage (or sub-stage) and a stratum.

title: Assise


text:
User talk:H7n4

I AM H7N4

title: User talk:H7n4


text:
Talk:Mollywood

Untitled
"As a likely unwitting alternate use of the term, the play on words is yet somewhat cultural."

What? I re-read this sentence three times and I have no idea what this is saying.

I cleaned up the article so it would be easier to understand. I was considering taking the 'mormon' distinction off the article, since when I googled 'Mollywood', most of the film links that came up were South Asian. But I dont know enough about any kind of Mollywood to make that decision. MrPMonday 19:05, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

The Ghost and Molly McGee
, can you find sources where the Ghost and Molly McGee episode "Horray for Mollywood!" is referred to as "Mollywood" alone? If not, then the entry, as I indicated to you in the edit summary from my first reversion, should not be included in this page, in compliance with the guideline at MOS:DABNOENTRY. Largoplazo (talk) 16:58, 28 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Oh, I get it; I didn't know what you meant before. Mollywood would be a concept within the episode, rather than the episode title itself. I'll edit it. Coimenda (talk) 16:59, 28 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Ah, sorry, but that's really not a suitable entry even in that form. "Mollywood" in that sense is simply not going to come up in contexts where that episode and that series aren't already part of the context. It's a self-evident pun to anybody who hears or reads it, not even a "concept" per se, not something that would inspire a look-up in an encyclopedia. Largoplazo (talk) 17:10, 28 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mollywood


text:
Franklyn Rose

Franklyn Albert Rose (born 1 February 1972) is a former West Indian cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a fast right-arm bowler who possesses a lot of power with his full-length outswing.

International career
In the first innings in which he participated, he achieved figures of 6 for 100, but for Test after Test beyond this, his bowling disappointed in comparison, only picking up during a Test match in Durban, where he achieved figures of 7 for 84.

Rose hit a match-turning 69 during the second Test against Zimbabwe in 2000. Coming in at 170 for 7, in reply to the visitors' 308, he and Jimmy Adams (101 n.o.) added a record 148 for the eighth wicket in the Windies 10-wicket victory. He was subsequently named Man-of-the-Series.

Later that year, his aggression cost West Indies the second Test at Lord's when his attempts to shake England's Dominic Cork with short-pitched bowling leaked valuable runs in a low-scoring game.

Although he was dropped for good at age 28, his final Test bowling average of 30.88 stood as the lowest of any West Indian pacer of his generation until Kemar Roach emerged nearly a decade later.

Domestic career
Rose has played for various more community-based outfits since departing from the international scene. One more prominent appointment was his recruitment for the 2004 season in England for Lashings Cricket Club. Rose, always a controversial figure in any cricketing scene, be it local, national or international, in turn fell out with equally controversial chairman of Lashings David Folb. Rose has also played in Sydney, Australia, and for the Chicago Tornadoes of the USA's Pro Cricket league.

Personal life
Up to 2016, he resided in Auckland, where he played and coached at Birkenhead City Cricket Club on Auckland's North Shore during the 2011–12 season.

His work visa in New Zealand expired in March 2012 however remained there until his deportation back to Jamaica in April 2016. He was served with a deportation order in 2014. 5 Weeks prior to his deportation he was detained in Mount Eden Jail

When he attempted to stay in New Zealand his visa was already expired and he was under investigation in New Zealand for rape. He was deported to Jamaica.

title: Franklyn Rose


text:
Talk:Morphological analysis (problem-solving)

The Morphology article needs an overhaul
The article on Morphological analysis started out as a relatively simple reference to Zwicky’s ideas, a definition of the process, a few references and some external links. I did not initiate this, but whoever did referred to me and the Swedish Morphological Society. This was fine with me: I went in and added a few details which I though relevant to the subject, but more or less left things as they were.

Then, a Mr. I. Tjahyo Sarwono came along with some very complicated diagrams, rather poor English, misinterpretations and explicit errors (a parameter he mistakenly calls a value, and a value he calls a parameter). I am in despair over this, as I don’t want morphological analysis to get a bad name because of a sloppy Wikipedia article. I would like to go in and give the article a major overhaul – but I don’t know what the policy is about throwing out other contributors’ texts and diagrams. Can someone give me some council?

Tom Ritchey -- The Swedish Morphological Society.

 * If bad text and diagrams weren't thrown out by someone, they would accumulate and Wikipedia would drown in garbage. Experts, in particular, should be encouraged to be bold. You seem to be an expert, and the reasons you state seem concrete and appropriate. (Besides, the material won't be thown out entirely, since it will still reside in the history.) -- Harold f 23:57, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

Exceedingly Dense
This is an interesting, but exceedingly dense and not at all public-user-friendly article. A more public friendly rewrite is probably in order. Ask yourself if the average reader could figure out how to do even a simple Morphological analysis from this article. I think it unlikely. - Vedexent 23:47, 21 July 2006 (UTC)
 * I very much agree. The article should start with a simple example.
 * What about a creative example, about inventing a new table, a table without legs: (German wikipedia article: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphologische_Analyse_(Kreativitätstechnik)#Beispiel ) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.52.66.153 (talk) 19:01, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

Diagram Problems
The diagram seems to (I think) make specific references to numbered sections of the article. This is poor design as

 * 1) Not all users have the auto-numbering turned on in their preferences. I am one, which is why I'm not 100% sure that these numbers in the diagram are referring to sections, but if they are not then they are meaningless and should be removed anyways.
 * 2) The structures of Wikipedia articles are fluid and evolving. There are no guarantees that the sections will remain as initially laid out.

- Vedexent 23:56, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

Tagging for style improvements (buzzwords)
I added this tag to the article. Passages like:

 * MA concerns the arrangement of objects and how they conform to create a whole of Gestalt. The objects in question can constitute a physical system (e.g. anatomy), a social system (e.g. an organisation) or a logical system (e.g. a language or system of ideas).

strike me as saying very little, and saying it in a highly generalized and exceedingly abstract way. - Smerdis of Tlön 20:43, 24 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Aside from "Gestalt" (a good candidate for classification as a buzzword), I find the level of abstraction of this statement to be acceptable. The concept of morphological analysis is itself highly abstract, and noting its applicability to a set of less (but still highly) abstract areas is a move toward concrete grounding, not a move toward fuzziness. Harold f (talk) 21:36, 14 December 2008 (UTC)

Stop pushing this article into other articles
This article is of little quality yet, but recently all kinds of links have been made in other articles to here and to the The Swedish Morphological Society.

Please stop this. Please first create an descent article here that has something more to tell. - Mdd 22:41, 26 August 2007 (UTC)

DeBono's Lateral thinking and this "thing"
perhaps a contrast is in order. Lateral thinking is famous and approachable and by showing me some similarities and differences (between them)I will finally understand this "tool". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 137.186.195.16 (talk) 08:05, 1 January 2009 (UTC)

Diagrams
If it would be helpful to improve the quality, I will translate the diagrams mentioned on the See the Dutch wiki. LaurensvanLieshout (talk) 10:47, 5 February 2012 (UTC)

"A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject."
Errata! T. Ritchey has no connection with my father, Fritz Zwicky.

My father did not know him nor did he have any affiliation with him. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Barbarina (talk • contribs) 17:52, 7 June 2015 (UTC)
 * ??? Who else is expected to write a good article about that feature? Without other arguments, and accepting the above comment, I dare to remove the box.2A02:8108:9640:AC3:A8C5:2CA5:C939:E730 (talk) 07:54, 26 June 2021 (UTC)

Needs examples
Right now, having read the article, I have no idea how one proceeds to do morphological analysis. The article says what it does not do, and it says what it accomplishes in general terms, but does not say how to employ it. A couple of detailed examples would probably help. Loraof (talk) 18:59, 24 October 2016 (UTC)

This article is not intended to explain how GMA is completed, it describes what it is. Detailed explanations are available to the reader in the example published works. Any further information on how a novice may undertake GMA would get very messy and not very helpful. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Bailey4Whiley (talk • contribs) 08:38, 20 November 2018 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Publixlounge

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. -R. fiend 16:38, 21 October 2005 (UTC)

Publixlounge
Spam, Promo for nn website Delete --JAranda | watz sup 04:04, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom.--PooterCobb 05:42, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete spam Eaglizard 12:49, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:70.12.205.197

title: User talk:70.12.205.197


text: User talk:209.42.44.132

title: User talk:209.42.44.132


text:
Bug!

Bug! is a platform game developed by Realtime Associates and published by Sega for the Sega Saturn. It was first released in North America, in 1995, weeks after the Saturn's launch there; in Europe on September 15, 1995; and, in Japan, on December 8 the same year. It was also ported to Windows 3.1x and Windows 95 in 1996 by Beam Software. The game is one of the earliest examples of 3D platforming, as well as one of the first platform games released on the Saturn. Character movement is restricted to a track, unlike many in the genre that allow for unrestricted movement in all directions.

The game centers around Bug, a green bug – and Hollywood actor – who hopes to gain fame by defeating the villainous Queen Cadavra. The game was developed with the titular character being considered a possible mascot for the Saturn. Although Bug! failed to capture consumers' attention, it received positive reviews upon its release. Critics praised its graphics and colorful visual effects, but the game's music and voice acting were criticized.

A sequel, Bug Too!, was released for the Saturn in 1996.

Gameplay
Bug! is a 3D platform game which revolves around the player safely progressing through various levels. The game is set on "Bug Island" and consists of six worlds made up of three levels each, with each last level culminating in a mandatory boss fight. Enemies come in the form of insects, mollusks, reptiles, amphibians, and arachnids. Enemies are defeated by jumping on them, as well as utilizing power-ups which include damage dealing spittle and electrical strikes. Each level ends when the player jumps on a "Bug Stop", which will then make the player proceed to the next level. Every level contains collectable items: 1-UPs supply the player with an extra life, collecting a heart will restore one hit point to the player whereas Bug Juice will fully replenish it, and a coin will allow the player to take part in a bonus round whereby they are given the chance to win more lives. If the player runs out of Bug Juice, they lose a life. The game will end once the player runs out of continues.

Collectable items in the form of blue crystals are found scattered throughout the game's levels. If the player collects 100 of them, they will earn an extra life along with a dragonfly icon, in which three icons are needed for the player to take part in a special bonus round involving a dragonfly ring chase. In addition, the player can collect power ups which will enable them to defeat enemies instantly. These come in the form of "spit" and "zap" attacks; the former allows Bug to fire missiles made out of saliva, and the latter unleashes a bolt of electricity. The levels featured in Bug! are linear – the player may only move in four directions despite the game appearing in full 3D. In addition to walking on a grid axis, the player-character can also walk up walls and upside down.

Plot
The game's plot centers around the titular character, Bug, who is a Hollywood actor hoping to make his "biggest break". Bug decides to sign up for the lead role in an upcoming action film, in which his family, composed of his pet, Maggot Dog, his younger brother, his girlfriend, his mother and his father, is kidnapped by the villainous Queen Cadavra and must set out to rescue them.

Development and release
Sega of America contracted Realtime Associates to create a Sonic the Hedgehog game for the Sega Saturn's North American launch. When Sega of Japan rejected the use of Sonic, the Bug character, originally from a shelved Sega Genesis game, was chosen instead. Bug! was conceptualized as one of three candidates for mascots for Sega's upcoming Sega Saturn console in 1994. The other candidates were 2.5D platformers Clockwork Knight (which came out shortly before Bug! at the Saturn's North American launch ) and Astal, which was released later in 1995. Realtime Associates developed the game using Silicon Graphics workstations, which were then used to pre-render the game's characters and then convert them into sprites – in similar vein to the process used in Donkey Kong Country.

According to producer Steve Apour: "Once we were working on Bug!, we'd meet twice a week to talk about gameplay, just to plow through it and decide what the system could do. Some ideas we weren't able to include, such as the 'wait animation' where Bug was going to leap up and come down right in your face."

Bug! was one of the earliest examples of a 3D platforming game. It was also the first platform game to be released on the Saturn in Europe. By the end of 1995, 150,000 copies of Bug! had been sold in the United States, making it the second most popular Saturn game behind Daytona USA. In Europe, "BUG!" was the number one CD game for all platforms (including PC) for two straight weeks. According to Sega, discussions were underway for an animated TV series, though this never materialized. Alliance Communications and animation studio Mainframe Entertainment planned to produce 13 half-hour time slot episodes for the TV series, each of which would consist of three standalone comedic shorts. A sequel, Bug Too!, was released for the Saturn in 1996.

Reception
Bug! received positive reviews upon release. The Saturn version holds an average score of 84 percent at GameRankings, based on an aggregate of two reviews, whereas the PC version has an average score of 55%, based on an aggregate of two reviews.

The 3D graphics were praised by critics. The four reviewers of Electronic Gaming Monthly all called them impressive, with Sushi-X elaborating that "The cute, high-tech graphics really show off what the Saturn can do." Andy McNamara from Game Informer thought that the game's visuals were its strongest feature, stating that the "amazing" graphics were "perhaps the best part of Bug!". In the same review, Paul Anderson commended the game's pre-rendered bosses and SGI cutscenes. Lee Nutter from the Sega Saturn Magazine felt disappointed that the game was not in true 3D, although he declared that it was a "really smooth and visually stunning" game. Mike Weigand from GamePro praised the game's large and visually detailed levels, whilst asserting the graphics were "excellent". A reviewer from Entertainment Weekly described Bug! as a showcase for the Saturn's "dazzling 3D-style graphics".

Mark Reed of Maximum thought that the game was graphically a "mixed bag", praising the well-defined sprites and animations whilst criticising the backdrops, writing that they looked "often too blocky" and repetitive, although he admitted that it improved in later levels. Neil West from the Next Generation Magazine thought the graphics were "solid", despite recognising that the game was mostly a direct transition from a 2D format into 3D. Chris Broesder of AllGame thought that the graphics added to the overall experience of the game, stating that the characters were colorful and of "cartoon quality", although he noted that some textures were "a bit blocky" when zoomed in on. Amalio Gomez of Hobby Consolas praised the sprite renderings and 3D environments as "beautiful", saying that the game took advantage of the Saturn's power and possibilities.

The game's music and sound effects were praised, although the dialogue was met with criticism. McNamara disliked the voice acting of the Bug character, stating that it was too "Gex-wanta-be". Weigand praised the game's jazz music, vocals, and underscore, although he too disapproved of Bug's annoying and "nasal one-liners". Reed was disappointed with the audio aspect of the game, opining that Saturn's chipset was not used to its full potential as it produced lacklustre music. In addition, Reed believed that Bug's voice samples were "very unfortunate" and irritating. Broesder, however, opined that the sounds add to the game's overall experience and was of high quality, although he felt bothered that the voices repeated themselves "over and over again". Gomez praised the sound effects and music, saying that the music was "intense" and the sound effects increased the "realness" of the player's actions.

Though they said that the levels can be overwhelmingly long, particularly in light of the lack of a save or password feature, the reviewers of Electronic Gaming Monthly were very pleased with the gameplay. Ed Semrad summarized that "Bug! is the type of game that will put the Sega Saturn on top. It controls well and has enough diversity to keep players' interests."

In 1996, GamesMaster ranked the game 58th on their "Top 100 Games of All Time."

title: Bug!


text: User talk:66.117.149.7

title: User talk:66.117.149.7


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User talk:Aiz lannon

Welcome to Wikipedia. However, this encylopedia is not designed to be used to impress your girlfriend. Thank you. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 04:06, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Aiz lannon


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User talk:JEFFGU

Jeff Gu-(1989-?)

Born in Albany NY. Moved to Greensboro, NC at the age of 3. Moved to Cary,NC at the age of 9. Moved to Cupertino, CA at the age of 15. Currently resides in Cupertino, and is a junior at Monta Vista High School. Jeff will graduate in 2007. Jeff aspires to pursue a career in medicine or business, and to attend Stanford or UC Berkeley. Jeff is trilingual: he can speak Chinese, English, and Japanese quite fluently.

title: User talk:JEFFGU


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User talk:Kanvasgrey

Kanvas Grey
You may have noticed that this article is up for deletion. If you want, you can avoid the whole process by moving it to your user page. Once it's there, you can pretty much edit it as you please and nobody will bother it. Friday (talk) 04:07, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kanvasgrey


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Edna Campbell

Edna Campbell (born November 26, 1968) is a former women's basketball player who played in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). The 5 ft 8 in guard played with the Sacramento Monarchs as well as three other teams, but is well known for continuing to play despite suffering breast cancer. In 2004, she was designated a Women's History Month honoree by the National Women's History Project. Campbell was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

College years
Campbell's college career began at the University of Maryland, College Park, but achieved her most notable success at the University of Texas' women's team, known as the Lady Longhorns, where she was named the Southwest Conference's Newcomer of the Year in 1990. She graduated in 1991 after the Lady Longhorns compiled a 48-14 won/loss record while she was there.

USA Basketball
Campbell was named to the team representing the US at the 1987 William Jones Cup competition in Taipei, Taiwan. The team won all seven games to win the gold medal for the event. The USA was down at halftime in the opening game against Japan, but came back in the second half to win, helped by 15 points from Campbell. She averaged 9.7 points per game over the seven games, and was named to the all-tournament team.

In the following year, 1988, Campbell was also named to the Jones Cup team. The USA team was not as successful, with a 3–2 record, but that was enough to secure the silver medal. She averaged 5.6 points per game and tied for the team lead with 15 steals. Campbell was selected to represent the US at the 1995 USA Women's Pan American Games, however, only four teams committed to participate, so the event was cancelled.

Campbell was named to the USA national team in 1998. The national team traveled to Berlin, Germany in July and August 1998 for the FIBA World Championships. The USA team won a close opening game against Japan 95–89, then won their next six games easily. In the semifinal game against Brazil, the USA team was behind as much as ten points in the first half, but the USA went on to win 93–79. The gold medal game was a rematch against Russia. In the first game, the USA team dominated almost from the beginning, but in the rematch, the team from Russia took the early lead and led much of the way. With under two minutes remaining, the USA was down by two points but the USA responded, then held on to win the gold medal 71–65. Campbell played limited minutes but had two steals.

ABL career
Campbell played for the Colorado Xplosion in the American Basketball League (ABL) 1996–1998.

WNBA career
Campbell was the 10th overall draft pick, selected by the Phoenix Mercury during the 1999 WNBA draft. She was left unprotected in the expansion draft the following year, and was chosen by the Seattle Storm. She became the new franchise's go-to option, but the team finished with a cellar-dwelling 6–26 record.

The next year, the Storm drafted its first superstar, Lauren Jackson, and Campbell was traded to the Sacramento Monarchs for Katy Steding and a draft pick. During the second of her four seasons in Sacramento, Campbell was diagnosed with breast cancer. She received treatment and was welcomed back before the fans of her two most recent teams in the Monarchs' final game against Seattle during the 2002 season.

Campbell continued to play despite her diagnosis, and has become a symbol to survivors of the disease. She became the WNBA's national spokesperson for its anti-cancer efforts with the Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation. She received the league's Kim Perrot Sportsmanship Award in 2003.

Campbell signed a free agent contract with the San Antonio Silver Stars in 2005. She played with the Silver Stars for that one season, before announcing her retirement from the WNBA on February 28, 2006.

During the 2006 WNBA season, which honored nine years of the league's existence, Campbell's return from breast cancer was nominated by fans as Most Inspirational and one of the top four WNBA Anniversary decade moments.

Life after basketball
Shortly after retiring from basketball, Edna was hired as a television commentator for the San Antonio Silver Stars games during the 2006 WNBA season. Edna then became a nurse in 2008, and also coached high school girls. In 2017, Edna was inducted into The Multi-Ethnic Sports Hall of Fame.

Regular season

 * style="text-align:left;"|1999
 * style="text-align:left;"|Phoenix
 * 28 || 24 || 26.8 || .364 || .376 || .714 || 1.9 || 1.3 || 0.9 || 0.4 || 1.7 || 9.6
 * style="text-align:left;"|2000
 * style="text-align:left;"|Seattle
 * 16 || 16 || 31.9 || .391 || .265 || .707 || 2.1 || 2.3 || 1.2 || 0.3 || 2.5 || 13.9
 * style="text-align:left;"|2001
 * style="text-align:left;"|Sacramento
 * 32 || 32 || 26.7 || .377 || .457 || .767 || 2.7 || 2.3 || 0.6 || 0.3 || 2.0 || 8.1
 * style="text-align:left;"|2002
 * style="text-align:left;"|Sacramento
 * 1 || 0 || 12.0 || .400 || .000 || .000 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 1.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 4.0
 * style="text-align:left;"|2003
 * style="text-align:left;"|Sacramento
 * 34 || 34 || 21.3 || .402 || .414 || .758 || 2.1 || 1.3 || 0.6 || 0.2 || 1.3 || 7.9
 * style="text-align:left;"|2004
 * style="text-align:left;"|Sacramento
 * 22 || 22 || 15.1 || .382 || .410 || .000 || 0.9 || 0.7 || 0.2 || 0.1 || 0.7 || 3.4
 * style="text-align:left;"|2005
 * style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
 * 28 || 2 || 8.9 || .313 || .263 || 1.000 || 0.5 || 0.5 || 0.3 || 0.0 || 0.5 || 1.7
 * style="text-align:left;"|Career
 * style="text-align:left;"|7 years, 4 teams
 * 161 || 130 || 21.3 || .379 || .388 || .725 || 1.7 || 1.4 || 0.6 || 0.2 || 1.4 || 7.1
 * style="text-align:left;"|2005
 * style="text-align:left;"|San Antonio
 * 28 || 2 || 8.9 || .313 || .263 || 1.000 || 0.5 || 0.5 || 0.3 || 0.0 || 0.5 || 1.7
 * style="text-align:left;"|Career
 * style="text-align:left;"|7 years, 4 teams
 * 161 || 130 || 21.3 || .379 || .388 || .725 || 1.7 || 1.4 || 0.6 || 0.2 || 1.4 || 7.1
 * style="text-align:left;"|7 years, 4 teams
 * 161 || 130 || 21.3 || .379 || .388 || .725 || 1.7 || 1.4 || 0.6 || 0.2 || 1.4 || 7.1

Playoffs

 * style="text-align:left;"|2001
 * style="text-align:left;"|Sacramento
 * 5 || 5 || 23.0 || .355 || .444 || .667 || 2.2 || 2.2 || 1.0 || 0.2 || 1.0 || 5.6
 * style="text-align:left;"|2003
 * style="text-align:left;"|Sacramento
 * 6 || 6 || 24.7 || .472 || .250 || 1.000 || 0.7 || 1.8 || 0.2 || 0.0 || 1.3 || 6.7
 * style="text-align:left;"|2004
 * style="text-align:left;"|Sacramento
 * 6 || 6 || 17.0 || .400 || .429 || .000 || 1.8 || 0.8 || 0.5 || 0.0 || 0.3 || 4.3
 * style="text-align:left;"|Career
 * style="text-align:left;"|3 years, 1 team
 * 17 || 17 || 21.5 || .413 || .359 || .800 || 1.5 || 1.6 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 0.9 || 5.5
 * style="text-align:left;"|Career
 * style="text-align:left;"|3 years, 1 team
 * 17 || 17 || 21.5 || .413 || .359 || .800 || 1.5 || 1.6 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 0.9 || 5.5
 * 17 || 17 || 21.5 || .413 || .359 || .800 || 1.5 || 1.6 || 0.5 || 0.1 || 0.9 || 5.5

College

 * style="text-align:left;" | 1987–88
 * style="text-align:left;" | Maryland
 * 32||-||-||47.1||0.0||73.2||4.8||2.9||2.0||0.2||-||9.0
 * style="text-align:left;" | 1989–90
 * style="text-align:left;" | Texas
 * 29||-||-||56.6||0.0||75.8||3.7||2.0||1.6||0.4||-||14.9
 * style="text-align:left;" | 1990–91
 * style="text-align:left;" | Texas
 * 26||-||-||55.9||42.9||80.2||3.8||2.7||2.0||0.3||-||16.7
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Career
 * 87||-||-||53.6||42.9||76.8||4.1||2.5||1.9||0.3||-||13.3
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="14"|Statistics retrieved from Sports-Reference.
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan=2 | Career
 * 87||-||-||53.6||42.9||76.8||4.1||2.5||1.9||0.3||-||13.3
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * style="text-align:center;" colspan="14"|Statistics retrieved from Sports-Reference.

title: Edna Campbell


text: User talk:70.12.15.26

title: User talk:70.12.15.26


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Japanese abbreviated and contracted words

Abbreviated and contracted words are a common feature of Japanese. Long words are often contracted into shorter forms, which then become the predominant forms. For example, the University of Tokyo, in Japanese Tōkyō Daigaku (東京大学) becomes Tōdai (東大), and "remote control", rimōto kontorōru (リモートコントロール), becomes rimokon (リモコン). Names are also contracted in this way. For example, Takuya Kimura, in Japanese Kimura Takuya, an entertainer, is referred to as Kimutaku.

The names of some very familiar companies are also contractions. For example, Toshiba, Japanese Tōshiba (東芝), is a contraction or portmanteau of Tōkyo Shibaura (東京芝浦), and Nissan, Japanese Nissan (日産), is a contraction of Nippon Sangyō (日本産業).

The contractions may be commonly used, or they may be specific to a particular group of people. For example, the "Kokuritsu Kankyō Kenkyūjo" (国立環境研究所) is known as Kanken (環研) by its employees, but this terminology is not familiar to most Japanese.

Patterns of contraction
Japanese words are spelled using characters that represent syllables (morae), rather than individual phonetic units (phonemes) as in the English alphabet. These characters are compiled into two syllabaries: hiragana and katakana. Japanese also makes extensive use of adopted Chinese characters, or kanji, which may be pronounced with one or more syllables. Therefore, when a word or phrase is abbreviated, it does not take the form of initials, but the key characters of the original phrase, such that a new word is made, often recognizably derived from the original. In contracted kanji words, the most common pattern of contraction is to take the first kanji of each word in a phrase and put them together as a portmanteau. In the example from the lead, using Tōkyō Daigaku (東京大学), the Tō- of Tōkyō and the Dai- of Daigaku becomes Tōdai (東大), the common abbreviation for the University of Tokyo.

There are also instances in which alternative readings of a particular kanji are used in the contraction. For example, Nagoya's main train station, Nagoya Station, is referred to by locals as Meieki (名駅), a contraction of "Nagoya-Eki" (名古屋駅), in which the alternative reading of Na- (名), the first character in "Nagoya", is used.

In loanwords and names, the most common pattern is to take the first two morae (or kana) of each of the two words, and combine them forming a new, single word. For example, "family restaurant" or famirī resutoran (ファミリーレストラン) becomes famiresu (ファミレス).

Yōon sounds, those sounds represented using a kana ending in i and a small ya, yu or yo kana, such as kyo count as one mora. Japanese long vowels count as two morae, and may disappear (the same can be said for the sokuon, or small tsu っ); Harry Potter, originally Harī Pottā (ハリーポッター), is contracted to Haripota (ハリポタ), or otherwise be altered; actress Kyoko Fukada, Fukada Kyōko (深田恭子), becomes Fukakyon (ふかきょん).

These abbreviated names are so common in Japan that many companies initiate abbreviations of the names of their own products. For example, the animated series Pretty Cure (プリティキュア) marketed itself under the four-character abbreviated name purikyua (プリキュア).

Created words
Many abbreviations, especially four-character words, have been created for particular products or TV shows.

Highways and railway lines
Many highways and railway lines have names that are contractions of the names of their endpoints. For example, 東名高速道路 (Tomei Expressway) takes one kanji 東 (tō) from 東京 (Tokyo) and the other 名 (mei) from 名古屋 (Nagoya; its pronunciation changes from the kun'yomi na to the on'yomi mei). 東急東横線 (Tokyu Toyoko Line) links Tokyo and 横浜 Yokohama, taking part of its name from each city.

Other examples include:

Sometimes names of this type preserve older place names. For instance, the character 武 is taken from the word 武蔵 (Musashi), which was once the name of the Japanese province in which the city of Tokyo was located, can still be seen in the company names 東武 (Tobu or "East Musashi"), 西武 (Seibu or "West Musashi"), and in the 南武線 (Nanbu Line or "South Musashi Line").

Some other examples:

Single letters as abbreviations
Many single letters of the Latin alphabet have names that resemble the pronunciations of Japanese words or characters. Japanese people use them in contexts such as advertising to catch the reader's attention. Other uses of letters include abbreviations of spellings of words. Here are some examples:

 * E: 良い/いい (ii; the word for "good" in Japanese). The letter appears in the name of the company e-homes.
 * J: The first letter of "Japan" (日本) as in J1 League, J-Phone.
 * Q: The kanji 九 きゅう ("nine") has the reading kyū. Japanese "Dial Q2" premium-rate telephone numbers start with 0990.
 * S, M: used for sadism and masochism respectively, often referring to mild personality traits rather than sexual fetishes. "SM" is also used for sadomasochism, instead of "S&M" used in English, in a more sexual context.
 * W: The English word "double." Japanese people sometimes pronounce the letter "double." ダブル For example, ”Wデート” (W deeto) means "double date(s)"; "WW Burger" from Freshness Burger has double beef and double cheese.


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Skywald Publications

Skywald Publications was an American publisher of black-and-white comics magazines, primarily the horror anthologies Nightmare, Psycho, and Scream. It also published a small line of comic books and other genre magazines. Skywald's original comics were similar in appearance and quality to rival black-and-white publisher Warren Publishing, and even employed many of the same creators. Skywald operated from 1970 to 1975.

Comics professionals who produced work for the Skywald magazines include writers T. Casey Brennan, Gerry Conway, Steve Englehart, Gardner Fox, Gary Friedrich, Doug Moench, Dave Sim, Len Wein, and Marv Wolfman; and artists Rich Buckler, Gene Day, Vince Colletta, Bill Everett, Bruce Jones, Pablo Marcos, Syd Shores, Chic Stone, and Tom Sutton. Many who also contributed to rival Warren employed pseudonyms. Future industry star John Byrne published his first professional story, a two-pager written by editor Al Hewetson, in Skywald's Nightmare #20 (Aug. 1974).

Founding
The company name is a combination of those of its founders, former Marvel Comics production manager Sol Brodsky ("Sky") and low-budget entrepreneur Israel Waldman ("wald"), whose I. W. Publications (also known as Super Comics) in the late 1950s and early 1960s published unauthorized comic book reprints for sale through grocery and discount stores. Skywald was based in New York City.

Brodsky, who also served as editor, brought in Al Hewetson – briefly an assistant to Marvel chief Stan Lee and a freelancer for the Warren Publishing horror magazines and others – as a freelance writer. "Archaic Al", as he later jokingly called himself in print, quickly became the associate editor, and when Brodsky returned to Marvel after a few months, Hewetson succeeded him as editor. Hewetson, aiming at a more literary bent than the work of industry leader Warren Publishing, developed what he called "the Horror-Mood" and sought to evoke the feel of such writers as Poe, H. P. Lovecraft and Kafka.

Skywald's first publication was Nightmare #1 (cover-dated Dec. 1970). The first issues of magazines like Nightmare and Psycho featured some original work and a lot of reworked reprint filler, mostly from horror comics published by Avon Comics in the 1950s.

In an unusual arrangement, Hewetson managed editorial from his home in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada, though the publisher was based in Manhattan. As he described in 1973,

"'I write my stories, and edit others' stories, and send them directly to the various artists. The art is sent to New York, when finished, where I collate it. I produce all the editorial production here at home, and when I visit New York I package the entire magazine and do the production for it. And then, in an incredible fat bundle, I mail the thing off to our printers who have nothing to do but perhaps add the occasional, miscellaneous screen and make the negatives for the magazine. Blueprint proofs of those negatives are sent to me which I proof editorially and I make certain changes and approve the package. And the magazine is then printed in Canada and then shipped to Connecticut and from there to various distribution centers, including back to Canada.'"

Non-horror magazines
Skywald also produced two issues of the magazine Hell-Rider (Aug. and Oct. 1971), featuring a vigilante motorcyclist with a flamethrower-equipped bike. The character was created by Gary Friedrich (who would go on to co-create the Marvel motorcyclist Ghost Rider) and penciler Ross Andru. Backup features were "The Butterfly" and "The Wild Bunch", both written by Friedrich, with art credits disputed by different sources for issue #1; the second-issue "Butterfly" story is credited to penciler Syd Shores and inker Esposito, the second "Wild Bunch" to penciler-inker Rich Buckler. Another two-issue title, The Crime Machine, consisted solely of comic-book crime fiction reprints from the 1950s. A remaining title, Science Fiction Odyssey, was planned for September 1971 publication, but withdrawn; some of its stories eventually appeared in the horror magazines.

The company also published a small number of magazines unrelated to horror or comics. Among these was Judy Garland (1970), a "special tribute issue". Hewetson said in 1973, "We produced, when this company began, a production called The Judy Garland Book which is the most threatening thing which ever happened to our company. We printed far too many copies and we sold maybe four or five. We lost a lot of money."

Skywald published two issues of the men's adventure title King: The Magazine for the Man's Man in 1971; the first issue featured a Harry Rosenbaum cover and interior illustration by Boris Vallejo.

Comic books
The short-lived color comic-book line, edited by Brodsky, comprised the Western titles Blazing Six-Guns, The Bravados, Butch Cassidy, The Sundance Kid, and Wild Western Action; the romance title Tender Love Stories; the horror series The Heap; and Jungle Adventures. These all were combinations of new material and reprints. Contributors, in addition to some of those noted above, included Dick Ayers, Mike Friedrich, Jack Katz, John Severin, and John Tartaglione. Notably, The Sundance Kid #1–2 (June–July 1971) contained Jack Kirby Western reprints from Bullseye #2–3 (Oct. and Dec. 1954). None of the comics lasted more than three issues, except the romance comic Tender Love Stories, which ran four.

"The color comics, more or less, broke even," Hewetson said in 1973. "I think we could've continued with them to try and establish a color comics area, except for the fact that, at the very same time as Skywald began the color comics, National and Marvel were engaged in a price war which hurt just about everybody."

Demise
Editor Al Hewetson, in an interview given shortly before his death of a heart attack on January 6, 2004, asserted the demise of Skywald was caused by: "...Marvel's distributor [ Curtis Circulation ] . Our issues were selling well, and some sold out. Such returns as we received were shipped overseas, mainly to England, where they sold out completely... When Marvel entered the game with countless [black-and-white horror] titles gutting [ sic ] the newsstand, their distributor was so powerful they denied Skywald access to all but the very largest newsstands, so our presence was minimal and fans and readers simply couldn't find us. ... The Waldmans [Israel and business manager Herschel Waldman] and I had a business lunch with our distributor in the fall of '74 and we were given very specific information about the state of affairs on the newsstands — which had nothing to do with Warren's or Skywald's solid readership base."

Skywald lasted through early 1975, with Psycho #24 (March 1975) being its final publication. Nightmare published 23 issues and Scream put out 11 issues.

title: Skywald Publications


text:
Neerim South

Neerim South is a town in West Gippsland, Victoria, Australia, located in the Shire of Baw Baw, 110 km east of Melbourne and 20 km north of Warragul. At the 2021 census, Neerim South had a population of 1,599.

The Post Office opened on 1 February 1883.

The town was connected to the Victorian Railways network with the opening of a branch line from the main Gippsland line at Warragul on 18 March 1892, later connecting to Noojee in 1919. The line closed in 1958.

The Neerim South Court of Petty Sessions closed in 1968.

Elementary education is provided by Neerim South Primary School. Secondary education is provided at Neerim District Secondary College

The town's main industry is service to the local farming community. It contains art galleries, a working Alpaca farm with an Alpaca product shop, cafés, restaurants, a pub and bed and breakfasts. Until 2008, the bakery still cooked bread in the wood-fired oven built in 1880. The area has numerous wineries, and is known for its blue cheese.

The town in conjunction with neighbouring township Neerim has an Australian Rules football and netball team (Neerim Neerim South Cats) competing in the Ellinbank & District Football League.

title: Neerim South


text:
Jim Bob Duggar

James Robert Duggar (born July 18, 1965) is an American politician and television personality. He appeared on the reality series 19 Kids and Counting, which aired from 2008 to 2015. From 1999 to 2003, he was a Republican member of the Arkansas House of Representatives.

Early life
Duggar was born in Springdale, now the fourth largest city in Arkansas, the son of James Lee "Jimmy Lee" Duggar (1936–2009) and the former Mary Lester (1941–2019), who owned a real estate brokerage agency. Duggar has an older sister, Deanna (b. 1962). He graduated from Shiloh Christian School.

Career
Duggar is a licensed realtor and owns several commercial properties in his local area as an investor.

Political career
From 1999 to 2003, Duggar served in the Arkansas House of Representatives for District 6, which was located in northern Washington County. He first won election in 1998, defeating Kathy McFetridge with 56% of the vote. He was re-elected by a wider margin in 2000. Duggar was vice chair of the House Corrections and Criminal Law Subcommittee and also participated in the committees on Insurance and Commerce and Judiciary.

In 2002, rather than seeking reelection to the state House, Duggar ran unsuccessfully in the Republican primary election for the United States Senate. He was defeated by the incumbent Senator Tim Hutchinson by a lopsided vote of 71,576 to 20,546. In 2006, Duggar unsuccessfully sought the Republican nomination for the District 35 seat in the Arkansas State Senate. He lost to his opponent, Bill Pritchard, by two hundred votes.

In 2021, Duggar announced his second candidacy for the State Senate, now running in the 7th District. The election was triggered after the incumbent Republican, Lance Eads, resigned. Duggar finished third out of four candidates in the Republican primary, with 15.3% of the vote.

Marriage and children
On July 21, 1984, Duggar married Michelle Annette Ruark. Together, the couple has 19 children: Joshua ("Josh") (b. 1988), twins Jana and John-David (b. 1990), Jill (b. 1991), Jessa (b. 1992), Jinger (b. 1993), Joseph (b. 1995), Josiah (b. 1996), Joy-Anna (b. 1997), twins Jedidiah and Jeremiah (b. 1998), Jason (b. 2000), James (b. 2001), Justin (b. 2002), Jackson (b. 2004), Johannah (b. 2005), Jennifer (b. 2007), Jordyn (b. 2008), and Josie (b. 2009). Duggar and his wife also have had permanent guardianship of his wife's great-nephew Tyler Hutchins (b. 2008), since November 2016. The family was featured on the reality series 19 Kids and Counting from 2008 to 2015.

Duggar and his family are Independent Baptist Christians. They are members of the Institute in Basic Life Principles organization (aka IBLP and Advanced Training Institute), a homeschooling program run by Christian minister Bill Gothard. Duggar's oldest daughter, Jana Duggar, is a leader at the IBLP's "Journey to the Heart" youth ministry.

Josh Duggar molestation report
In 2006, Jim Bob Duggar told the Arkansas State Police that his oldest son, Josh, had molested five underage girls, including family members, in the early 2000s when he was 14–15 years old. The alleged abuse involved touching their breast and genital regions on multiple occasions while they slept and in a few cases while they were awake. Jim Bob Duggar had been prompted to speak to police after producers of The Oprah Winfrey Show told authorities they had received allegations against Josh Duggar. Jim Bob and Michelle Duggar told police they had sent Josh away for several months in 2003 and that, upon his return home, Jim Bob had taken him to Arkansas State Trooper Jim Hutchens, a family acquaintance, for a "stern talk". Because of this 2003 contact with police, the three-year statute of limitations had expired by the time of the December 2006 police investigation, and Josh Duggar was not formally charged with any crime.

The public did not learn about this until 2015, when Josh Duggar's public admission of his behavior caused TLC to cancel the reality show 19 Kids and Counting. In a joint statement to People magazine following the public revelation, Jim Bob and Michelle Duggar said: "Even though we would never choose to go through something so terrible, each one of our family members drew closer to God. We pray that as people watch our lives they see that we are not a perfect family. We have challenges and struggles every day."

TLC rebooted the Duggar's reality show as Counting On later in 2015, focusing on the older Duggar children and their spouses and children. This show, too, was canceled in 2021 after Josh Duggar was arrested. On December 9, 2021, Josh Duggar was convicted of receiving and possessing child pornography.

Books
Duggar and his wife have written two books together, both published by Howard Books. The first is titled The Duggars: 20 and Counting!, which was released on December 2, 2008. Their second is A Love That Multiplies, which was released June 7, 2011.

Other political activities
In 2008, Duggar and his wife endorsed former Governor Mike Huckabee in his campaign for the Republican presidential primaries. In January 2012, the Duggars endorsed Republican former U.S. Senator Rick Santorum of Pennsylvania for president.

title: Jim Bob Duggar


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