text:
Template talk:New York City Subway

BMT: numbers?
Why are the BMT trains shown as numbers? If this is some internal subway designation it doesn't belong on Wikipedia. Please make them the regular route names (when you click on "1", for example, under the BMT it takes you to the Q train). —Preceding unsigned comment added by BlastOButter42 (talk • contribs) 02:37, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

 * If you'll note, those numbers are given under "Unused/defunct." Those numbers are the designations that the BMT used to use for its routes before Unification. Prior to Unification, the BMT Brighton Line was served by the BMT 1; currently, it is served by the, which is why the link to BMT 1 goes to the article for the Q train. —Larry V (talk) 03:20, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Sort order
Could someone clarify the current sort order ( N Q  R  W  • 1  2  3  • L  • G  • A  C  E  • 7 • 4 5 6 • J M Z • B D F V ) please? It would appear to the casual reader that 1  2  3  • 4  5  6  • 7  • A  C  E  • B  D F V • G • J M Z • L • N Q R W , or a straightforward alphanumeric ordering, would make more sense, so they are arranged this way for a reason. What is the reason? Chris cheese whine 23:33, 25 November 2006 (UTC)

Colors
Why have colors been added to this navbox? The line letter should not be represented with colors, for reasons already given here. Larry V (talk | contribs) 06:20, 13 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I've posed the question of colors to WT:NYCS. I see no unanimous decision there. Larry V (talk | contribs) 08:57, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

Other NYC transit
This section does NOT belong there, because it is not related to the NYC Subway. I am requesting a consensus on this before deleting it from the navbox. AEMoreira042281 13:59, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

Picture
I have added a free-use picture to the template, taken by contributor The Port of Authority. This is not a copyrighted picture. --AEMoreira042281 (talk) 05:33, 28 February 2008 (UTC)

Removed Other NYC Transit
Section is meaningless. 70.23.53.169 (talk) 23:16, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

Possible Small Change
This template consolidates the information. Currently it would seem that S is just a sort of throwaway instead of an actual service of NYCS Here is my idea:
 - A  ML -Talk-Cont-Count

 * S (New York City Subway service) is not a throwaway, because that page lists all the previous shuttles as well as the current three. Acps110 (talk • contribs) 01:31, 22 June 2010 (UTC)

 * Are you saying you support my idea or saying that the current blue Shuttles link suffices? - A  ML -Talk-Cont-Count  —Preceding undated comment added 22:15, 22 June 2010 (UTC).
 * No I don't support your idea. The three shuttles look better on their own line apart from the rest of the services. They don't take you anywhere, they just connect you to the mainline services. Acps110 (talk • contribs) 21:13, 23 June 2010 (UTC)

Generally, as a matter of layout, I prefer the shuttles seperate. Putting the plain text links to each shuttle article in the top section breaks up the layout too much and looks sloppy. That said, I wonder if having the "S" icon only once, by the general S (New York City Subway service) link on the left would look better and more concise while allowing the general article to stand out more.oknazevad (talk) 07:43, 23 June 2010 (UTC)
 * This is what I had in mind (pre-updated to reflect the service changes, which kick in at the end of this week, iinm. ):

 * This is an excellent idea to remove the three icons and replace with one at the beginning of the line. How about moving the icon to the right of the word Shuttles? Acps110 (talk • contribs) 21:17, 23 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I put the icon on the left only because the three icons are on the left in the current box. But I do think the icon first looks better, as the word "Shuttles" appears as a label for the icon, and standard design puts the label after the icon. I also made it a subgroup under current services, because they are current services. oknazevad (talk) 22:41, 23 June 2010 (UTC)
 * PS, I flipped the historical shuttles and former BMT designations as well, as the shuttles follow the pattern of the still-in-use system and a that makes it mirror image of the current labels above.
 * On the other hand, the ex-BMT numbers are a potentially confusing historical curiosity. As noted in a question above, none of them actually link to a dedicated article, but instead go to the modern service that is closest in covering the same route. This could cause confusion for unknowing readers and introduces multiple redundant links. I honestly think they ought to be dropped from the navbox outright. oknazevad (talk) 23:11, 23 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Cool! Even better. Although there are many other historical curiosities in the navbox too, so I say leave the BMT numbers in. Acps110 (talk • contribs) 00:48, 24 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I'll swap in this new version on Monday when the service changes take effect, unless anyone else has any suggestions.oknazevad (talk) 03:56, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

How to show the H
The temporary H shuttle is a replacement for a portion of the A. So, we have to move the H from the Unused section to the Services section, but not to delete the link to the Rockaway Park Shuttle. I will try to do it. Vcohen (talk) 16:38, 30 November 2012 (UTC)
 * The temporary H shuttle is intended to service the entire Rockaway peninsula while the trestle across the Jamaica Bay is being reconstructed. This trestle will be out of commission for a while since a lot of the structures and land its on was washed away (right now its will be back mid-2013 at the earliest but knowing the MTA this will probably get pushed back).  The H stops at one of the Rockaway Park shuttle stops and will stop at more as the restoration work continues.  Note the main MTA page will now has the H Train as one of its routes --Darkhunger (talk) 19:31, 30 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Exactly. The bottom line is there currently is no Rockaway Park Shuttle, period, while there is an H train, and not just as an internal designation. The navbox reflects this. "Temporary" has a habit of becoming permanent, and even if the old service pattern is restored, it won't be for many months. This isn't the same as a weekend service change and should be reflected in the navbox. oknazevad (talk) 19:58, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

 * To Darkhunger: I understand what you say, but you are speaking about future. As of now, we have only one station shared by the H and the RPS, it is not enough to say it's the same route.
 * To oknazevad: I agree with all that you say here.
 * By the way (it doesn't affect my position), both of you say the MTA has included the H on its website, but I cannot find it there. This is what I see:
 * 123	Planned Work
 * 456	Good Service
 * 7	Good Service
 * ACE	Planned Work
 * BDFM	Planned Work
 * G	Good Service
 * JZ	Planned Work
 * L	Planned Work
 * NQR	Planned Work
 * S	Good Service
 * SIR	Planned Work
 * Vcohen (talk) 20:10, 30 November 2012 (UTC)
 * You have to go to the ACE link to see info about the H shuttle. I don't think we should change the navbox to include an H because it is indeed only temporary and more likely than not, it will be discontinued when service is restored. Changing the navbox for temporary changes violates Wikipedia's policy of not being a travel guide. Also, the MTA has not printed any official maps nor updated the subway pages on their websites to reflect these changes. Therefore, I have reverted the edits User:Darkhunger made to the navbox. The Legendary Ranger (talk) 01:08, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * I don't know why you don't see it, but the H is listed right under the current service status on the left side of the MTA homepage. Therein lay the problem with a blanket revert; the H is not an unused label and yet this navbox currently says it is. It also lists the Rockaway Park shuttle as a curren service when it is not. It's one thing to worry about WP:NOTTRAVEL, it's another to put out inaccurate information when it's easily correctable. In short, as the H train is an "until further notice" situation, it should be included in the navbox until that further notice; to do otherwise is an inaccurate misrepresentation. oknazevad (talk) 05:24, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * Yes, thank you, if I click on the ACE I get the following:
 * A No trains between Howard Beach-JFK/Broad Channel and the Rockaways
 * H Shuttle trains and free shuttle buses provide alternate service
 * It means, again, that the H replaces a part of the A, not of the S. Vcohen (talk) 09:24, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * It replaces both the A and the Rockaway Park Shuttle in the peninsula. The A does not generally serve Beach 90 Street, which is a full-time shuttle stop.--Darkhunger (talk) 14:47, 3 December 2012 (UTC)
 * The span between Beach 90 and Beach 67 doesn't belong to any of the regular routes. The H only enters Beach 90 to make a terminal station, because Broad Channel is unusable. However, I believe they will extend the H as the stations to the west are repaired. Vcohen (talk) 15:25, 3 December 2012 (UTC)
 * UPD. Hammels Wye has only one track from east to west. Trains enter 90th St on one track and run back. If the route is extended to the west, there will be a trouble with this one-track segment. Vcohen (talk) 09:13, 22 December 2012 (UTC)

To Frietjes: You say, "if you want H to point to A, then change the redirect". Unfortunately, it's impossible. The H is, first of all, the internal designation of the Rockaway Park Shuttle, and all its history is the history of that shuttle. Therefore its redirect must go to the shuttle. Now, temporarily, the letter H is used for a temporary route that replaces a part of the A, but it is not a reason to change the redirect and ignore the whole history of the H. Vcohen (talk) 17:50, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * per WP:EGG, the link to H should go to H, not to A. if I click on H, I want to read about H, not about A.  if I wanted to read about A, I would click on A. Frietjes (talk) 18:13, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * So, we have a real trouble. Redirects are not recommended in navboxes, we have to directly link each label to its article, like 8 labels in this template that go to J/Z (New York City Subway service) or 5 labels that go to Unused New York City Subway service labels. I hope you don't intend to change all of them.
 * On the other hand, it's desirable to let the reader know that the H has different meanings. We don't know which of them he wants. For that sake we can convert the H (New York City Subway service) page to a disambiguation page leading to two articles, both about the A and the shuttle. Vcohen (talk) 18:53, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * I agree that we should not be sending the reader to A, when they click on H. The only reason redirects are not recommended in navigation boxes is outlined in WP:BRINT. However, bolding doesn't work for section anchors either, so I think we can ignore WP:BRINT and go with WP:NOTBROKEN. Plastikspork ―Œ (talk)  20:04, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * If somebody clicks on the H label, he is expected to get to the article about the H. Am I right? But the current H replaces a part of the A route and is described in the article about the A, while the H article redirects to the shuttle. Vcohen (talk) 20:30, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * The redirect should point to a place with information about H. If this needs to be a disambiguation page, then so be it. Plastikspork ―Œ (talk)  21:16, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * ✅ Vcohen (talk) 21:47, 1 December 2012 (UTC)
 * Made change to your disambiguation page - the "H" train was used as designation of the Rockaway Shuttle - the current service pattern did not come into being until the "H" was changed into "S" and it exclusively provided service for Rockaway Park. The "H" train used to serve the entire peninsula at certain times of the day when the "A" train didn't run there, which is why I will continue to disagree with your rationale that the new train "replaces the A", because it is basically a revival a portion of the old "H" train Round-Robin service, which the Rockaway Park Shuttle article covers extensively.--Darkhunger (talk) 14:38, 3 December 2012 (UTC)
 * OK. Vcohen (talk) 15:25, 3 December 2012 (UTC)

Elevated lines
I don't find the IRT Ninth Avenue elevated in this template, and I believe this is correct - it was not succeeded by a subway line (except, if memory serves, some track in far northern Manhattan was repurposed). Hence I don't believe Ninth Avenue derailment belongs here, unless the template is to be renamed to include the non-integrated elevated lines in Manhattan. Yngvadottir (talk) 12:39, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * You won't find any of the NYCS lines here, because their list is long and there is another navbox built especially for them. Vcohen (talk) 12:49, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Makes sense to me. But to me that means the Ninth Avenue derailment article shouldn't be in this navbox either, nor in Category:New York City Subway accidents; two editors have so far disagreed. I believe it was the only serious accident on the pre-subway els, otherwise a separate category would be a logical way to go. I think when I finish my work shift - I'm running out of break time - I'll look at the navbox you mention with a view to adding it there instead. Yngvadottir (talk) 13:15, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * This navbox includes everything related to the NYCS, including its history and excluding its lines. All the lines, both existing and former, are in the second one. Note that the second navbox includes lines only. Vcohen (talk) 13:23, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Yes, I see now; I had thought you were referring to a navbox about the els. And you are the editor who incorporated the Ninth Avenue derailment article under subways; I hadn't looked at the name. It occurs to me that this may be a nomenclature problem: with you thinking Subway (system), whereas when I categorized the article I was thinking subway (class of mass transit), and still am. The accident is included in various books on the New York subways, but always with the note that it was not actually a subway accident; this line was always entirely aboveground. I think the reader is likely to be as puzzled as I am that it should be classified as a "subway" accident, missing the significance of the capital "S" as I did - am I right that that is the operative issue in your mind? The other editor stated that the line was included in the navbox, which compounded my confusion. I'd like to hear from some other people on this, or have you explain your rationale if I've figured wrong - it still seems less than useful to me to make it appear we are classing it as a subway accident. Yngvadottir (talk) 15:18, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * The whole system is called the NYC Subway, although it includes different types of stations, such as elevated, embankment, open-cut and at-grade. The history of this system includes elevated stations and lines as well. Vcohen (talk) 16:47, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * So you are indeed thinking system rather than type of line. I'd still like to hear from others - this line is only tangentially associated. Yngvadottir (talk) 17:22, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Let's listen to others, of course, but look at the History of the New York City Subway article. Note the word Subway in its title, and the fact that it covers the IRT Ninth Avenue Line and other elevated lines that don't exist now. It is not my personal opinion, but the terminology accepted across all the articles and templates related to that system. Vcohen (talk) 17:42, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * P.S. The word Subway is used in NYC instead of Metro. This may have confused you. Vcohen (talk) 17:52, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * The IRT Ninth Avenue Line was an elevated line, which was considered part of the subway when it was open. All the elevated lines were integrated into the subway system starting in 1904. It's just like the IRT Third Avenue Line (a former elevated line, whose whole length, and later its Bronx section, was considered a subway line until demolition); the BMT Myrtle Avenue Line and BMT Fulton Street Line, which were a former elevated line with parts of each of them repurposed into subway lines; and the BMT Jamaica Line, which was partially built as an elevated line.
 * By the way, Yngvadottir, the reason why the IRT Ninth Avenue Line isn't linked in this template is because the link belongs in NYCS lines navbox. Epicgenius (talk) 02:08, 12 May 2014 (UTC)

History
The Mass Transit Super Bowl article should be moved to the History section, shouldn't it? Vcohen (talk) 12:35, 16 May 2014 (UTC)
 * It should be outright removed. The Super Bowl had little to do with the Subway, and was far more important to NJ Transit. And frankly the article should be merged with Super Bowl XLVIII, as its entirely too detailed for an encyclopedia, and had very little lasting impact, making the entire article a clear case of outdated WP:RECENTISM. The same is true for the link: No long term significance.
 * Some of the other stuff here can possibly be said to have that issue as well. While notability is not temporary, there is a tendency among the press and the people to treat things that happen in NYC as bigger deals than they actually are because of the size of the city. But in the long run many of those things have little long term impact and their lasting importance is not that great. Some of the incidents in the navbox, for example, are not essentially to understand the NYC Subwat as a subject. They shouldn't be included, and only the general list article should really be linked. The navbox has become bloated with I essentially items. It's time, I think, for a trimming. oknazevad (talk) 18:55, 19 July 2015 (UTC)

How to show the subway ines
Would it be best to sort the lines by color instead of alphabetical order? It may make much more sense visually to the wikipedia reader to see it like this. If nobody gets back within a week, I may do it myself. RES2773 (talk) 01:22, 11 July 2015 (UTC)RES2773
 * No, that wouldn't be best, it would be confusing. It would be also violate accessibility principles. Fitnr 02:13, 11 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Completely understood, can you give me a link to the accessibility principles? Thanks RES2773 (talk) 18:01, 19 July 2015 (UTC)RES2773
 * WP:ACCESS. oknazevad (talk) 18:45, 19 July 2015 (UTC)

1985 vs 1979 as cutoff for modern era of defunct lines
I made an edit which changed the cut off point for the two groups of defunct designations from 1979 to 1985. It was reverted, and I have since changed it back. I don't think it really matters which cutoff we use, however many of the routes listed under the defunct pre-1979 group were in existence from 1979-1985. If people want to keep using 1979 as the cutoff, I have no objections, however if we do, the AA, CC, GG, LL, QB, and RR must be moved into the post-1979 group. (I don't really feel strongly about this, but I suggest that if we do decide to make 1979 the cutoff, the double letter routes put into the post 1979 box should be formatted consistently with the other routes there too.)

MrLincoln (talk) 21:02, 22 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Makes sense to me. The elimination of double letters in 1985 is a good reason for that cutoff date. oknazevad (talk) 14:51, 23 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Template talk:New York City Subway


text: User talk:68.146.166.213

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:68.146.166.213


text:
Thank You for the Venom

"Thank You for the Venom" is the second single and ninth track from My Chemical Romance's second studio album, Three Cheers for Sweet Revenge. It was released as an airplay single in Europe. It is also My Chemical Romance's fifth single. The song peaked at number 71 in the UK. The song was released in limited edition red vinyl and has long been out of print. It was featured in Need for Speed: Underground Rivals for PSP.

The opening line "Sister I'm not much a poet/but a criminal" is a reference to the Morrissey song "Sister I'm a Poet". The vinyl version contains a live cover of "Jack the Ripper", also originally by Morrissey.

Track listings

 * All songs written by My Chemical Romance, except where noted.

title: Thank You for the Venom


text: User talk:152.163.100.14

title: User talk:152.163.100.14


text:
Sarona (colony)

Sarona is a neighborhood of Tel Aviv, Israel which started as a German Templer colony in Palestine in 1871. It was one of the earliest modern villages established by Europeans in Ottoman Palestine. In July 1941, the British Mandate authorities deported 188 residents of Sarona, who were considered ardent Nazi sympathizers. By the 2000s, the area had fallen into disrepair and was a haven for drug users. However, since 2003, the area has undergone massive renovation, which involved moving and relocating historical buildings before their restoration. The area is now a popular shopping district, as well as home to museums, cultural artifacts centering on its history, and IDF complexes.

History
In August 1871, the Templers purchased 60 hectares of land from a Greek monastery north of Jaffa. Part of the Plains of Sharon (after which it was named), near the River Auja (Yarkon), it was four kilometres from Jaffa. In October 1871, the foundation stones were laid for the first houses. Extreme hardship and disease took a heavy toll in human life during the first few years. Malaria caused the deaths of 28 of the 125 settlers of Sarona in 1872 alone. In an effort to dry the marshy land, 1,300 eucalyptus trees were planted.

By 1889, 269 people lived in Sarona. There were 41 homes, a communal hall, a winery, workshops, barns and sheds. The Sarona colonists brought modern farming tools and practices to the Holy Land. They focused on crops and products they could readily sell. This "agriculture-for-profit" was an economic innovation in a land that for centuries had practiced only self-sustaining farming. Grain crops and dairy industry first, then orchards and vineyards were planted.

In 1895, the colony had seven gardens tended by hired laborers who received one-third of the earnings. A large winery was opened and wines were marketed in Germany. As the dairy farm expanded, milk, cheese, butter and meat were sold in Jaffa. Later, when Jewish wineries began to pose strong competition, the colonists of Sarona replanted their vineyards with citrus.

Faced with a shortage of financial resources for infrastructure development, the community introduced Frondienst, a compulsory work system where every male member was required to do a certain number of hours of community work each month. The building of roads, development of land, roads and drainage and community facilities could thus be scheduled. Researcher and author Sven Hedin wrote of his visit to Sarona in 1916: "...many plants were in blossom. They mainly grow grapes, oranges and vegetables, [but] like in old times they also produce milk and honey."

British Mandate era
In November 1917, British troops occupied Sarona, turning the community house into a field hospital and commandeering other buildings for military use. In July 1918, the Templers (a total of 850 people) were interned in Egypt at Helwan near Cairo. The Red Cross, Quakers and Unitarians took up their cause, and on July 29, 1920, after 270 internees had been repatriated in April to Bad Mergentheim in Germany, the House of Lords permitted the remaining internees to return to Palestine. The residents of Sarona returned to a plundered and vandalized colony. Following negotiations with the British authorities, compensation was paid, in some cases up to 50%.

The 1922 census of Palestine lists Sarona's population as 279 (202 Christians, 70 Muslims, and seven Jews).

By 1925 Sarona was still a small settlement, although grown in area. It was still a farming community but more emphasis was placed on trade. With the increasing Jewish immigration to Mandatory Palestine as 80,000 immigrants arrived in 1920-1926 alone, the settlement prospered due to a ready market for its produce and services. The 1931 census of Palestine lists Sarona's population as increased to 564 (272 Christians, 250 Muslims, and 41 Jews) in 104 houses.

Third Reich and World War II
After the Nazis came to power in Germany, all international schools of German language subsidized or fully financed by government funds were obliged to redraw their educational programmes and employ teachers aligned with the Nazi party. The swastika was used as a symbol in all such institutions.

All Germans living in Mandatory Palestine were interned by the British in Sarona, Wilhelma, Bethlehem of Galilee and Waldheim. Sarona held close to 1,000 persons behind a guarded, 4m high barbed-wire fence. In July 1941, 188 people from Sarona were deported to Australia on the Queen Elizabeth. They were interned in Tatura in Central Victoria, Australia until 1947.

Jewish underground organizations, concerned that the German Templers would be allowed to remain in Palestine, mounted a campaign to have them expelled. On May 16, 1943, the Sarona assembly hall was bombed by the Irgun, injuring six people.

On 25 November 1943, Sarona was adopted into Tel Aviv Municipality. By November 1944, most of the remaining Sarona residents had been moved to the camp in Wilhelma. The last group was sent there in September 1945.

Post war
On March 22, 1946, five members of the Palmach assassinated the mayor of Sarona, Gotthilf Wagner, on the orders of Yitzhak Sadeh. Wagner was ambushed and shot while driving with a police escort from the Wilhelma Detention Camp near the Lydda airport. As his car entered the outlying streets of Tel Aviv, it slowed down on account of heavy traffic. Two men darted out from each side and approached the car. One of them fired a shot which mortally wounded Wagner who then collapsed over the steering wheel of the car. Four men were seen running away through the crowd. He was heading for Sarona to pay the wages of Arab laborers and even though he had £800 with him, none of the money was taken. Jewish Palestinians objected to the reintegration of German Christian residents on the grounds that they actively sympathized with Nazi policies between 1933 and 1939 and openly voiced anti-Jewish sentiments.

In November 1947, the British high commissioner declared Templer land in Palestine "enemy property." A few months later, the Tel Aviv municipality purchased 4,236 dunams of land in Sarona from the British custodian. Three weeks before Israel's declaration of independence, the British evacuated the remaining Templers to Germany and Australia.

State of Israel
In 1948, when the British Mandate ended and British troops left Sarona, the old houses and army barracks were used by the newly formed Israeli government as offices. The area became known as the "Kirya." A part became a military compound, comprising the Israeli Ministry of Defense, the General Staff of the Israeli Defense Forces, and various other military installations. Other parts of former Sarona were used to house other ministries of the Israeli government including the Intelligence Services. In 1962 the State of Israel paid 54 million Deutsche Marks in compensation to property owners whose assets were nationalized. With the rapid growth of Tel Aviv, the Kirya became prime real-estate in the heart of the city. When plans for redeveloping the area were proposed in the mid-1970s, preservationists successfully campaigned against demolition. Consulting with historians, it was decided that Sarona was of heritage value and that 18 structures with distinct architectural styles would be preserved.

Civil government departments were moved out of the Sarona's low buildings and into a single high office building erected at its eastern end. During the widening of Kaplan Street, Sarona's main thoroughfare, considerable effort was made to move the historic buildings intact. These became an area of cafés, shops and recreation. A high-rise headquarters building was also erected in the military section, though historic buildings in the compound remain in IDF use.

Restoration
In 2003, the Tel Aviv municipality began work on a historic conservation project in the Sarona compound. To make way for a highway, techniques were developed for moving some of the houses to a more convenient location.

Houses earmarked for preservation: Original Community House (No 25); Old Lämmle House (No 19); Glenk House (No 61); The New Community House (No 9a); Friedrich Häring House (No 52); New School and Community Complex (No 84); Immanuel Steller House (No 55)

In 2008, after the widening of Kaplan Street, which required moving four houses and the old Gemeindehaus (community house), the area to the south was renamed Ganei Sarona (Sarona Gardens).

One of the most important buildings in Sarona was the community house - Gemeindehaus in German or Beit Hava'ad in Hebrew. The cornerstone of the building was laid in 1871, three years after the Templers arrived from Germany. The building was dedicated in early 1873 and housed the local school. After Sarona became a Nazi stronghold, the swastika flew over the building for seven years. In 1943, Irgun fighters planted a bomb near the building, lightly wounding six residents, one of them Gotthilf Wagner, the mayor of Sarona and a fervent Nazi activist. When the British left Tel Aviv in 1947, a Haganah brigade camped there. The building was renamed for squad commander Carmi Rabinowitz, who was killed in action. In July 1948, after the founding of the state, it became a post office.

During restoration work in 2005, the iron mechanism of the old carillon clock that adorned the facade was discovered. In 2006, the clock was displayed at the Eretz Israel Museum as part of an exhibit on the Templers. A descendant of the Templers who was visiting Israel recognized the signature of the manufacturer, the Perrot Company of Calw, Germany. After contacts with the firm, a new clock was made to replace the old one, and the original clock, now repaired, is displayed at Sarona's visitors' center.

Legacy
Helmut Glenk, who was born in Sarona, has published several books about Sarona exploring the Templers' contribution to the modernization of Palestine.

title: Sarona (colony)


text:
Talk:William E. Rees

Biography assessment rating comment
The article may be improved by following the WikiProject Biography 11 easy steps to producing at least a B article.-- Jreferee 22:50, 12 March 2007 (UTC)

Easter Island Syndrome
The redirect, currently targetted at History of Easter Island has been nominated at RfD. In the discussion it has been proposed that mentioned of the syndrome be added to this article and the redirected retarggetted to that mention. You are invited to comment at Redirects for discussion/Log/2014 September 21. Thryduulf (talk) 15:52, 21 September 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:William E. Rees


text:
Ocean View Elementary School

The following schools are officially called Ocean View Elementary School. Often they are unofficially and incorrectly shown as "Oceanview" instead of the correct "Ocean View" (with a space).

California

 * Ocean View Elementary School teaches K to 5 in Albany, Alameda County
 * Ocean View Elementary School teaches K to 6 in Arroyo Grande, San Luis Obispo County
 * Ocean View Elementary School teaches K to 5 in Whittier, Los Angeles County

Virginia

 * Ocean View Elementary School teaches Pre-K to 5 in Norfolk

Alaska

 * Ocean View Elementary School teaches K to 6 in Anchorage

Nova Scotia

 * Ocean View Elementary School teaches K to 4 in Eastern Passage

title: Ocean View Elementary School


text:
National Union of Students-Union of Students in Ireland

NUS-USI, the student movement in Northern Ireland, was formed in 1972 by bilateral agreement between the National Union of Students of the United Kingdom (NUS) and the Union of Students in Ireland (USI), to address the particular problems of representing students in Northern Ireland. As of 2018, NUS-USI represented approximately 200,000 students in the region.

Students at an affiliated college are members of both national students' unions. The elected leader of the organisation is a full-time representative, elected as a sabbatical from one of the member colleges. An elected term is normally two years long (July–June). An officer within the executive of the movement may hold an officer position for a maximum of two terms.

The operations of the NUS-USI are overseen by its president, officers and board. A number of part-time student officers also fill the roles of further education officer, campaigns and communications officer, welfare officer, and international students' officer. Autonomous liberation campaigns also elect part-time officers who fill the roles of disabled students officer, women's officer, LGBT+ officer, trans students' officer and BAEM (black, Asian and ethnic minority) officer.

History
Following the model of Scottish Universities, a Students' Representative Council (SRC) was formally established at Queen's College Belfast in 1897. Student representatives from Queen's University subsequently played roles in founding the National Union of Students in 1922 and the Irish Students Association, which stimulated the formation of the Union of Students in Ireland in 1959.

Increasing student activism in the late 1960s led to a moving away from a model of Student Representative Councils (SRCs) as a system of governance towards the creation of students' unions and more participatory "general meetings", accessible to all students. Students' unions also took on a more campaigning role, and Northern Irish student activists such as Michael Farrell, Eamonn McCann and Bernadette Devlin (now McAliskey) led campaigns for "civil rights" in Northern Ireland. During this period, students' unions in Northern Ireland separately affiliated to each national union, depending to a large extent on the religious/political disposition of their members.

NUS-USI was involved in the Student Housing Association Co-op (SHAC) which was founded by Ray Cashell in 1977.

Together with local students' unions, NUS-USI now provides a range of services, including campaigns on education, welfare and citizenship, as well as infrastructure and support for the individual students' unions. NUS-USI celebrated its 40th anniversary in 2012.

At its annual conference held in Derry in March 2018, NUS-USI introduced two new part-time student officer roles in the form of an international students' officer and a trans students' officer.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Infamous

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. -Splash talk 01:09, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

The Infamous
Non notable keenspace comic, found here. Google search shows up nothing notable for this comic, Alexa does not mention it in the keenspace traffic report. Article makes no assertion of notability. Already exists at comixPedia. - Hahnchen 01:54, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable webcomic, already on comixpedia. Ilmari Karonen 15:27, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

and 2. Will it still remain on the webcomic list despite the article being over in comiPedia?
 * Hey hold on a sec, am the original arthor of this article. Am still a bit new to the site but I found the webcomic list and, being a cartoonist, added mine onto it. The thing said "Webcomic without an article would be deleted". I added an article, updated it and am now keeping watch over it. Yeah it hard to search for, but many Comic Genesis comics don't have search links, aren't picked up by other search engines, or you have to go direct (i.e: use the whole address, not just the name) to look for it. You can't delete the article just for that. C'mon.
 * Reply - There is a problem with the inclusion criteria for webcomics, being that it is too lax. If the webcomic is not popular, has no real influence within the webcomic community and the outside community, it should be deleted.  This website will probably be deleted, even though it has had some mention in the outside press and is probably a lot popular than this comic.  That's because it's a website, and people are judging it as so.  Because of overly slack guidelines at WP:COMIC, many non notable comics have been left on Wikipedia, and I believe this to be one of them. - Hahnchen 15:25, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. Dragonfiend 21:34, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Is there anything I can do to keep the page from begin deleted?
 * Have you checked out the comixPedia entry? The entry belongs there for the time being.  If it picks up a lot of readers and gains some sort of influence/notoriety within the webcomic and or wider community, then you could always copy it back over. - Hahnchen 12:21, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * :( Peachy. Two questions: 1.What do you guys mean by notability?
 * Reply, it will not be in the wikipedia List of Comics. Some aspects of notability - Is it extremely popular/well known?  Has it received critical reviews from respected webcomic journals?  the wider press?  Generally, what has this webcomic done, which would lift it over the others. - Hahnchen 15:02, 10 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Talk:Table saw

Safety Features - Sawstop
I wonder if a new modern technology designed to prevent injury is worth mentioning. There is a saw that can recognize tissue and within milliseconds lock and retract the sawblade thus preventing a user from losing a finger or some other serious injury. The actual company that produces the technology does sell a table saw and I have heard they are in negotiations to license the technology to others as well. Their website is www.sawstop.com.

I didn't add any information because I didn't want it to sound like an advertisement. Perhaps a general statement about the technology would be beneficial if the specific name wasn't mentioned? If anyone has suggestions please discuss. --151.151.73.163 15:13, 14 June 2006 (UTC)CostnerM
 * Your caution about advertising is to be commended. However, I believe Sawstop is the only recent major technology change to table saws since the invention of t-square fences (Biesemeyer, Unifence) and does deserve a mention in the article. So go for it. Come & join us at the WikiProject_Woodworking. Luigizanasi 15:10, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I added a brief paragraph and a direct link to SawStop - hopefully this won't come across the wrong way but I do feel (as you mentioned) that this technology deserves a mention in the article. Sorry it took so long, but I finally got some time to register and came back to this article which refreshed my memory about all of this.  Costner 20:40, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Added reference to Sawstop back after it was removed by 65.93.198.145. The reference should not be confused as spam and if someone disagrees that it should be there please feel free to discuss.  Costner (talk) 19:46, 17 July 2008 (UTC)

Bosch should be mentioned too. They have their own method. Also the detection method used by SawStop isn’t new. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 102.65.54.41 (talk) 04:56, 13 February 2022 (UTC)

rating
I rated this article as B-class... however, I think it is a wonderful article at a glance. I think it should be scanned and proofread, and possibly suggested for peer review. It would be great to have some woodworking articles up for peer review and this one is doing excellently. Erk|Talk -- I like traffic lights -- 03:04, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

Notice of import
A copy of this article was moved to wikibooks using the Import tool (with all revisions). If this article was marked for copy to wikibooks or as containing how-to sections, it can now be safely rewritten.

If contributors are interested in expanding on the practical information that was in this article, please do so on the wikibooks side. For pointers on writing wikibooks, see Wikibooks:Wikibooks for Wikipedians.-- SB_Johnny |talk|books 15:33, 2 December 2006 (UTC)

IMAGE: NOT A TABLE SAW EXACTLY??
While I might not be the greatest woodworker in the world... It sure looks to me like the image at the head of this article is of an Electric Tile Saw (even though the contributor labeled it as petrol powered table saw) while it DOES have a circular blade, and it DOES have a "table," I'm not really sure that this is what the article is trying to convey as a table saw. This image might be useful, however, over at the Ceramic tile cutter page. 12.163.52.111 (talk) 21:49, 27 June 2008 (UTC)

Terminology
As a relative woodworking newbie I find myself unsure what the "front" and "rear" of the blade are. Are these in relation to the position relative to the operator, or relative to the motion of a point on the blade through time? Bernd Jendrissek (talk) 22:07, 12 January 2009 (UTC)

Weasel Wording
There is a lot of de-weasling to do. Look for "most" or "many" or other overly-general statements. The bit about what kind of fence is most common is an example of weaseling. neffk (talk) 05:50, 24 September 2009 (UTC)

Safety Section
Wow. I was a manager in a small manufacturing plant, then a manager at a Home Depot, now a manager at a Rona. I can tell you, anectodally anyway, that the table saw is by far the most dangerous common woodworking tool. I've overseen accident investigations at two companies where employees have lost fingers or otherwise been injured by table saws. I vote we keep the safety section as it is, unchanged - I learned *a lot* from it and will be implementing these sage guidelines in our operating procedures. Incorporating it in a Wikibook is good, but the weekend warriors who buy table saws and get hurt need all the exposure to the safety rules that they can get. Good job. I vote this an exceptionally informative article - chances are, if someone is looking up "table saw" on Wikipedia, they're considering buying, borrowing, or using one, and aren't really familiar with the tool. Safety should come over editorial constraints of "this reads like a how-to article!". 99.246.98.19 (talk) 02:45, 24 October 2009 (UTC)

The table saw is not the most dangerous common tool around. Anecdote is not fact and the plural of anecdote is still not fact.

I agree with the editor that the safety section should be removed. That is out of scope for wikipedia. Richard Andrews (talk) 06:47, 18 July 2010 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Richandrews (talk • contribs) 06:34, 18 July 2010 (UTC)

I think safe operation is highly relevant to tablesaws. However the section did need a rewrite, I've now done so and hope its much better (Deleting useful information wrongly presented would not be constructive imho.) Tabby (talk) 10:43, 24 July 2010 (UTC)

Opinion given as advice is dangerous
I take issue with quite a lot of the safety issues mentioned in this article, and two in particular.

The first is the assertion that the blade guard can be dangerous and should be removed for short cuts. This is simply a reflection of a very American attitude towards safety. You would not find this attitude very widespread in Europe, for example. It is true that is is dangerous to cut a short piece of wood (3" is given as the example, or 75mm to the rest of the world), but the answer is not to remove the guard, making a dangerous operation even more dangerous. The answer is not to use the table saw for this operation, but find an alternative method, such as the bandsaw, which is much safer.

The second is the implication, and illustration, of a full-length rip fence being used for ripping. Whilst it is true that this is common practice, it is not good practice. The rip fence should extend no further than the actual cut, i.e. it should go beyond the front teeth but not as far as top dead centre of the blade. This leaves room to the right of the blade for the workpiece to move into if it bends as a result of stress relief during the cut. It cannot get trapped twixt blade and fence. Again, this illustrates the difference between attitude and common practice on either side of the Atlantic.

I would be happy to modify the article if it would be welcomed. My credentials are that I have been a woodworking journalist for 15 years and have written articles and produced training videos specifically on the subject of tablesaw safety.

Steve Maskery, UK. Stevemaskery (talk) 14:54, 20 October 2011 (UTC)

Panel saws
Could someone add the difference between an ordinary table saw and a panel saw? Jim Derby (talk) 01:15, 11 February 2014 (UTC)

A panelsaw like a tracksaw is somewhat the opposite of a tablesaw: A tablesaw is fixed and you pass the wood along; a panelsaw fixes the (typically, large sheet of) wood and passes the blade along.82.47.217.37 (talk) 12:08, 3 November 2020 (UTC)

"Materials cut on table saws" content moved here for rewrite, if possible
The content of the "Materials cut on table saws" section reads like an instruction manual, so I am moving it here for a rewrite, if possible. -- momo  ricks  21:46, 12 September 2016 (UTC)

Cutting plastic sheet
When cutting sheet plastic, a new or recently re-sharpened carbide blade that has never been used to cut any other type of material (such as wood) should be used. For best results, the blade should be of a "Triple-Chip" design.

When cutting acrylic sheet (or other brittle plastic), the preferred rake angle (or hook angle) of the blades cutting edges should be 0°. These blades have cutting edges that "scrape" the plastic instead of "scooping" the material like most other blades which help prevent cracking of the cut edge. These type of blades should NOT be used to cut any other type of materials.

Special mention is in order, regarding the cutting of polycarbonate sheet (or other "tough" plastics). Polycarbonate sheet, used in bulletproof glass and safety shields, has the tendency to stretch instead of cut. When cutting polycarbonate sheet, it is absolutely essential to have a new or recently re-sharpened carbide blade. Using a dull blade can lead to very dangerous kickbacks and destruction of the workpiece. The preferred rake angle (or hook angle) of the blades cutting edges should be 10°-15°. Although, when cutting very thin material (less than 1/16 inch), a negative rake is preferred for the best cuts. When using these type of blades on the very thin material, the cutting edge breaks out (or knocks out) the material instead of cutting it, producing a cleaner cut. Using a normal blade that cuts, causes excessive vibration in the thin material, producing a very rough cut. In this case, a plain steel, fine tooth panel cutting blade (also known as a OSB/plywood blade), can be mounted in reverse (providing a negative rake) and used to cut the very thin material.

Cutting aluminum sheet
When cutting sheet aluminum a new or recently re-sharpened carbide blade be used. The preferred rake angle (or hook angle) of the blades cutting edges should be 5°-10°. Care should be taken when handling the aluminum, since the cut edges can be extremely sharp.

Cutting small pieces of aluminum and plastic sheet
When cutting small pieces of aluminum and plastic sheet (pieces that would be normally require push sticks to be used), push sticks should NOT be used. The pieces are too thin and smooth to maintain full control of them, likely resulting in a severe kickback. Small pieces should be securely clamped in a sliding-clamping jig (mentioned above).

 * Ugh, I now see that the "Safety practices" section is written in the same way. I'm going to tag the article as needing a rewrite of certain sections and more references. -- momo  ricks  21:54, 12 September 2016 (UTC)

"Safety practices" content moved here as well
I'm not comfortable with leaving this content in the article. Table saws can cause serious injury, even death, and including advice on how to use this tool in the article is inappropriate. There are two nice photos that were included in the section. I've put those links here in case they can be used elsewhere in the article. -- momo  ricks  19:22, 14 September 2016 (UTC)

 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Push_Sticks.jpg
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Sliding_Clamping_Jig.jpg

Avoiding personal injury
One way to prevent injury is to use push sticks on medium-small pieces that would require the pieces to be held close to the blade.

When cutting small pieces that are shorter than the diameter of the blade, special attention is required. These pieces should not be cut "free-hand" using push sticks. Rather, a sliding-clamping jig is used to securely clamp the piece, then the jig is moved past the blade making the cut. This is particularly true when cutting very thin, very smooth pieces such as sheet aluminum or sheet plastic. Even when using a well designed push-tool, these small, smooth pieces have a tendency to rotate once the cut is being made, producing a poor cut at best.

Another way to prevent injury is to use springs, feeder wheels or featherboards to apply pressure on the side and top of the lumber when ripping. Traditionally they are clamped to the saw's table top to apply side pressure and to the fence to apply top pressure.

These featherboards and push sticks are substitutes for fingers.

Avoiding kickback
Kickback happens when the blade catches the workpiece and violently throws it back to the front of the saw, towards the operator. It can be thrown very hard and can injure the operator. It is not uncommon for the object to have high enough velocity to become embedded in a wall or to cause other damage or injury. For safety, the operator should never stand in a direct line between the blade and the fence when ripping narrow stock. A kickback can be fatal.

Kickback happens when ripping if:
 * 1) The wood pinches the blade because of internal stresses. This is difficult to predict and can be impossible to control when using fingers to hold the wood down. Many times the board pinches the blade and is thrown back before the wood reaches a splitter. This type of kickback never happens when a board is not cut all the way through (dado). By starting a cut with a dado and then raising the blade to leave a splitter tab of uncut wood, this type of kickback can be avoided, but raising the blade during a cut cannot be done unless anti-kickback hold downs are used, so it is safe to raise the blade with a free hand.
 * 2) The wood is allowed to raise up or moved sideways during a cut, then pushed back down, taking too big a bite at the top of the blade. This can be prevented by using feeder wheels very close to the start of the blade and hold downs after the blade to control the wood all the way through the cut. The right feeder wheels are very effective for both dados in plywood and for rip cuts on boards as narrow as 1/8".  Feeder wheels can be powered or unpowered, clamped or held magnetically, and replace fingers near the blade so a hand can be free to turn off the saw during a cut.
 * 3) The board is pinched between the rear of the blade and the fence. The fence should be parallel with the blade, for the best cut on both sides of the blade. The fence can be set with the rear farther from the fence for safety, but at the expense of upcut marks on the "waste" piece. Never allow the fence to be closer to the rear of the blade than the front.

Kickback can also happen when crosscutting boards with internal stresses. A chop saw or circular saw is the best preference for cutting poor lumber.

The risk of kickback is reduced by certain practices:
 * The blade must be kept sharp and clean, something novice users may not recognize. The buildup of pitch on a blade greatly increases friction and increases the probability of kickback. It also decreases the quality of the cut, causing the edges to burn and turn black.
 * The saw must be aligned, adjusted so that it is parallel to the miter grooves, with the rip fence should angled minutely. If the blade is parallel with the fence you will notice the marks made by the back of the blade on the wood. It is possible for the workpiece to be pinched between the blade and the rip fence, which will cause violent kickback if the fence is closer at the back of the blade. The correct relationship for the fence is minutely spread which means that the angle is different depending on the side of the blade the fence is set.
 * The blade guard should be used whenever possible. Typical table saws incorporate a riving knife, a spreader which helps prevent the cut from closing on the back of the saw blade. Natural tension can exist in wood that causes the cut to close. Some blade guards have anti-kickback devices that allow only forward travel past the blade called anti-kickback pawls.
 * Push the workpiece past the blade. Do not release a workpiece until it is past the blade and removed from the saw. Turn the saw off before removing small cut off pieces.
 * Always maintain control. Do not execute a cut where you do not have complete control of the situation. Make sure there are no obstructions. Do not cut a workpiece that is too large to handle.
 * Do not use the rip fence as a guide during crosscuts. If you need to make a series of equal length crosscuts, use a stop block in front of the blade so the workpiece is not in contact with the rip fence during the cut. It is easy for the workpiece to twist out of perpendicular at the end of the cut and thus get caught by the blade and thrown.
 * Check for flaws in the wood. Cutting through a loose knot can be dangerous. Cutting a warped or twisted board along the rip fence is dangerous because it can get pinched between the fence and blade.
 * When making beveled rip cuts on narrow workpieces, the workpiece should be above the angled blade and the fence. NOT below the angled blade and the fence. When the workpiece is below the angled blade, it is confined between table top, fence and blade. It can be shot out of the saw at a high velocity like a pitching machine. When the workpiece is above the angled blade, and a bad spot in the workpiece is encountered, the workpiece is not confined and may just "pop-up" into the air.

Miter Slot Feather Board
Hello, I'm adding an entry under safety for Miter slot featherboards. The majority of table saws sold have aluminum tops which are incompatible with the magnetic featherboards already in the article. While this information may be inconsequential to experienced woodworkers a safety conscious newcomer to the craft will find this quintessential information.

Also, I'm making this edit as part of an assignment for a university course, Digital Media Literacy 425, Arizona State University.

Thank you!Fosterdan (talk) 21:56, 22 September 2018 (UTC)

Removed "Rudimentary Table Saw" Img
I've removed the image subtitled "Rudimentary Table Saw" (https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Table_saw.jpg). I don't think this is a good image for the article. It doesn't really show a "rudimentary" table saw, but what appears to be an unfinished homemade table saw. The picture doesn't contribute to the article, featuring unsafe operation that is so egregious that it doesn't accurately reflect how table saws are generally used.

I've replaced the image with another one.

Nuvigil (talk) 03:56, 17 December 2018 (UTC)

Dust collection fires
I'm not convinced by the statement "Through friction the spinning blade will quickly ignite the accumulated dust, and the smoke can be mistaken for an overheated blade." Even if the blade leaves burn marks, it doesn't really get hot or smoke. Cabinet saws are designed to simply fill up with sawdust if a collector isn't attached, and dust fires don't seem to be an issue with portable table saws. Derekrichline (talk) 06:36, 15 April 2021 (UTC)

Safety Precautions
I added a safety precautions section to this Wikipedia site on table saws because safety is crucial when using these tools. It's important to understand how to operate a table saw safely to avoid accidents and injuries. By following safety guidelines, such as wearing proper clothing, using protective gear like goggles and ear protection, and keeping the work area tidy, woodworkers can protect themselves from potential hazards. Safety precautions also include disconnecting power before blade changes and avoiding distractions to stay focused on the task. These measures help ensure that woodworking remains a safe and enjoyable activity for everyone. Wcbradford (talk) 20:36, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

Table saw abilitys
I added a "What a table saw can do" section to this Wikipedia site on table saws to highlight it's versatility beyond woodcutting. Table saws are capable of cutting a variety of materials, including hardwood, softwood, metal, and plastic. It is also good at tasks like ripping wood to width, crosscutting to length, creating kerf cuts for bending wood, and making precise joints such as rabbets and grooves. Also, table saws can be adjusted for angled bevel cuts and other intricate woodworking techniques. This versatility makes them indispensable tools in woodworking, catering to a wide range of cutting needs in workshops and beyond. Wcbradford (talk) 20:48, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

Expanded on History
I added to the history section of this Wikipedia page to emphasize their important role in woodworking over time. Table saws have significantly improved how woodworkers create designs and strong structures with better accuracy and efficiency. Starting from Samuel Miller's patent in the early 18th century, table saws have evolved. Innovations like Wilhelm Altendorf's sliding tables have made modern table saws more precise. Today, advancements in technology continue to enhance table saws, making them very important in woodworking workshops worldwide. Wcbradford (talk) 20:54, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Table saw


text:
File:Fenton glass logo.png

Summary
Fenton Art Glass Company logo

Fair use rationale for use on Fenton Art Glass Company
Nwwaew (Talk Page) (Contribs) (E-mail me) 01:22, 28 February 2008 (UTC)
 * 1) The image is a corporate logo.
 * 2) The image illustrates the subject of the article.
 * 3) This image is only used on the article about the company in question.
 * 4) Use of this logo will not affect the ability to make profit.
 * 5) There is no way to make a free version of this logo.

title: File:Fenton glass logo.png


text:
User:Lupin/menus.css

/* menu magic - many thanks to User:Zocky! */

span.popup_menu {	display:none; position:absolute; left:0px; top:2.3ex; z-index:2; width:10em; background:white; border:solid 1px grey; } span.popup_menu a {display:block;} span.popup_menu_row a {display:inline;} span.popup_menu_row {display:block;} div.popup_drop {display:inline; position:relative} div.popup_drop:hover span.popup_menu, div.popup_drop span.popup_menu:hover {display:inline; background:White; padding:2px 2px 2px 2px}

/* other colours, styles and so on */ span.popup_menu a:hover {background:#CCf; color:#44f} span.popup_mainlink {font-size: 140%; font-weight: bold}

table.popupBorderTable { background: #FFBE20 /* orange */ } table.popupTable { background: #FFFAEF }

title: User:Lupin/menus.css


text:
Ray King (baseball)

Raymond Keith King (born January 15, 1974) is a retired American professional baseball relief pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball for the Chicago Cubs, Milwaukee Brewers, Atlanta Braves, St. Louis Cardinals, Colorado Rockies, and Washington Nationals from 1999 to 2008.

Amateur career
King attended Ripley High School in Ripley, Tennessee. He lettered in football, basketball, and baseball. In baseball, he won All-America honors as a senior. He attended Lambuth University and played college baseball for the Lambuth Eagles.

Professional career
In ten seasons in the major leagues, King appeared in 593 games and pitched 411 innings. He was 20–23 lifetime with a 3.46 ERA, 181 walks, 278 strikeouts and 2 saves. As a batter he was 0–6 at the plate with three strikeouts.

Early career
The Cincinnati Reds selected King in the eighth round of the 1995 MLB draft. He spent the next four seasons playing for minor league affiliates in the Reds, Atlanta Braves and Chicago Cubs organizations before finally making his major league debut on May 21, 1999 as a member of the Cubs.

Milwaukee Brewers
After two different stints with Chicago in 1999, King was dealt to the Milwaukee Brewers the following spring. During the 2001 and 2002 seasons the relief pitcher was a staple in the Brewers' bullpen, appearing in over 75 games each of those seasons.

Atlanta Braves
That off-season, King was dealt back to Atlanta for infielder Wes Helms and pitcher John Foster. King showed his durability once again, appearing in 80 games as the Braves' primary left-handed reliever. He also made his first career postseason appearance that season, pitching a scoreless inning of relief. He was on the move again, however, during the winter of 2003, joining the St. Louis Cardinals along with fellow pitchers Jason Marquis and Adam Wainwright.

St. Louis Cardinals
The 2004 season was King's finest in the majors to date. The rubber-armed lefty appeared in a career and team high 86 games for the Cardinals, also notching career bests in holds (31), wins and earned run average along the way to a 5–2 record and 2.61 ERA. From May to July, King built a 30-game scoreless streak, another personal best. He also pitched 6$2/3$ innings that postseason as St. Louis captured the National League pennant.

Colorado Rockies
King joined the Colorado Rockies for the 2006 season after a trade from St. Louis for outfielder Larry Bigbie and second baseman Aaron Miles.

Washington Nationals
He joined the Washington Nationals on a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training the following winter. He made the Nationals 2007 Opening Day roster.

Return To Milwaukee
In September 2007, King was acquired by the Brewers in exchange for a player to be named later to help with their playoff run. King completed the 2007 season with a 1-1 record and a 4.76 ERA in 67 games. He became a free agent after the season.

Revisiting Washington
On November 30, 2007, King re-signed with the Nationals, to a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training. On March 22, 2008, King's minor league contract was purchased by the Nationals, and he thus made the opening day roster. King appeared in 12 games and went 0-0 with a 5.68 ERA during the month of April. On April 24, King was optioned to Triple-A Columbus, but he refused the assignment and declared free agency, never again to appear in a major league game.

Chicago White Sox
In early May 2008, King signed a minor league contract with the Chicago White Sox, but was released after only four appearances.

Houston Astros
On May 29, 2008, King signed a minor league contract with the Houston Astros; he became a free agent at the end of the season.

Scouting report
A lefty specialist with a durable arm, King ranked amongst the top ten National League relievers in appearances from 2001 through 2005. Armed with a late-moving, low 90s fastball and sharp breaking slider, King pitched to the bottom of the strike zone and allowed few home runs. He was also adept at holding runners, and fielding his position, having committed only seven errors in 577 career games.

Facts

 * Despite almost 600 career games, King had only 2 saves and never started a game.
 * King holds the second most number of single-season appearances for two organizations; the Atlanta Braves (80 appearances in 2003) and the Milwaukee Brewers (84 appearances in 2001).
 * King earned Milwaukee's Manager's Award and the Amanda Curran Award for Community Service in 2004.
 * King went 328 games without issuing an intentional walk, spanning over 4 years. This is the longest known streak of its kind. On August 6, 2007, King allowed a leadoff double to Ryan Klesko in the bottom of the 11th inning and intentionally walked Dave Roberts to end the streak. The Giants eventually scored, and King took the loss. While pitching for the Atlanta Braves, King threw a wild pitch on an intentional walk that scored the game's winning run from third base.

Coaching career
On November 28, 2023, was appointed the first-ever pitching coach of the Oakland Ballers of the Pioneer League.

title: Ray King (baseball)


text:
Talk:Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey

There's a revert war going on here wherein people are removing information about a traffic circle located in this township because of the result of the VfD Articles for deletion/White Horse Circle. Okay, so maybe the traffic circle doesn't need an article of its own. But what possible reason is there for not including information about it here? This article is currently just a bland Rambot product without any other content, shouldn't it grown beyond that by having more content added about places and events of significance? It's not like the article is busting at the seams with too much information about the township, overwhelming readers with detail and trivia. If it had been put in here first instead of in its own article, would anyone be trying to rip it out now? Bryan 01:56, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a question of enforcement of AfD. SPUI is subverting a valid consensus to delete by treating it as a merge/redirect. If any delete consensus can be unilaterally overridden by a single user who decides he doesn't like the result, then AfD is useless. Any consensus to rdirect can be seen as a consensus to keep, and any consensus to delete can be made into a merge. So what does "delete" mean? If you wanted the information merged into this article you shoudl have made your voice known at the AfD. Too late now. That option was given at at the AfD and dismissed. SPUI shoudl stop trolling and, if his aim is to improve this article (which I am certain it is not), he should add content about "places and events of significance", not a circle of asphalt. I'm sure there's more to say. I shudder to think that some of these admittedly dry (but somewhat useful) Rambot articles will have the census information and then a paragraph saying "Vermincathcer Road is a street in Tongueston, VA, it is one block long and has 16 houses, numbered 20 through 67. The intersecting roads are 4th Street and Glooorp Ave. The cul-de-sac Speeple Place comes off about where the road curves a bit to the north. There is a mailbox on the corner and a fire hydrant about halfway down, between numbers 48 and 52. The curb is higher than average, about 10 inches in parts." etc. because the article on Vermincathcer Road had been (quite rightfully ) deleted at an AfD. A delete is NOT a merge redirect. SPUI should face up to this. -R. fiend 17:52, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Kindly fuck off. It is now in White Horse, New Jersey so move the revert war there. --SPUI (talk) 19:39, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * "It's a question of enforcement of AfD." Exactly as I said, this is a matter of holding process to be more important than content. I couldn't care less about what AfD's policies might or might not say, they're getting in the way of writing a good article about Hamilton Township (or White Horse, now) and therefore they're stupid policies. You are completely ignoring my basic question regarding why a description of a local landmark doesn't belong in an article about the locality it's a landmark in. Bryan 22:01, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The content was determined by consensus to be subtrivial crap that doesn't belong in wikipedia. That's why it was deleted. That's what this is about. And how is a circle of asphalt a "landmark"? Does anyone go to Hamilton to see their traffic circle? Does the local tourist board promote it? Of course not. The only thing getting in the way of writing a good article is SPUI, who insists on writing crap instead of pertinent information. He obviously has no interest in improving the article. Basically we have a small group of people (and now you seem to be among them) who are insisting that if they think an article shouldn't have been deleted then it can be recreated at their discretion. Yes, it is about policy, and it is about content, and it is about thwarting an effort that seems to be underway to castrate AfD. -R. fiend 22:24, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * White Horse has a population of 9,373. What about a town of less than ten thousand wouldn't be considered "subtrivial crap" to you? The neighborhood I live in probably has fewer people than that, and we don't have any traffic circles here at all. Bryan 22:46, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The way I understand it, a VfD merely means that something was judged to be undeserving of a separate article at the time. Extending this into a mandate that no part of the content of this past article may ever exist anywhere in Wikipedia until the end of time is not justified by the rules, as far as I am aware.  This is not the first time I've seen "WikiCops" try to enforce such a nonexistent rule with Judge Dredd-ish draconianism. *Dan T.* 23:20, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, you don't understand it then. "Delete" means delete, not move, not merge. I've tried to make this point many times and each time someone comes up with the same spiel: "well I think this content is okay, so it doesn't really need to be deleted..." Well that's nice and all, but you've had a chance to make your opinion known at AfD and you didn't. Too bad. By your logic a merge vote and a delete vote are identical, while at the same time it's argued that they are diametrically opposite. The flaws in logic are large enough to steer a battleship through. "No part of the content of this past article may ever exist anywhere in Wikipedia" is not quite true, but a simple cut/paste of the content with a redirect is clearly ruled about by a consensus to delete. If someone writes an article on a friend of their's who has done nothing of note, such an article would be deleted. For the author to recreate the content in a different space, by your logic, would be A-OK, encourgaed, even. As for a city with a population of 9,373 not having anythign except subtrivial shit, well, if SPUI really wanted to improve these rambot articles (which he doesn't, he's an ass trying to make a point) hr could write about the main commerical center of the town, or it's government, or some attractions (there must be something beyond an exit ramp,) or the goddamn high school for chrissakes. It's been pretty well established that if you can write a quarter decent article on any sort of school it's at least worth a mention in the town's article if nothing else. Look through the AfD's for the past week, and tell me that of all the articles where there was a consensus to delete, that it's perfectly acceptable for all the content therein to be merged elsewhere. That's not what Afd is for. -R. fiend 00:55, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * It is also possible that some people think AfD means one thing, some people think AfD means something else, and that neither of them is "objectively right" - ie, the people who disagree with you as to what a delete result means aren't misunderstanding some fundamental truth, they're just of a different opinion. In any event, the discussion (and the attendant revert war) has moved over to White Horse, New Jersey. Bryan 00:34, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

-- This little quarrel about the Whitehorse Circle in Hamilton Twp seems to have happened awhile ago. For residents it is not necessarily a landmark so much as a very famous point of reference. To give directions to several places you will say go to the Whitehorse Circle...I didn't even realize that there is actually a subdivision called White Horse until I read this entry. I just knew that the Whitehorse Circle was something I needed to learn how to get to within the first week of moving to Hamilton...as everyone references it in directions to most places. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.178.210.109 (talk • contribs)

 * Fortunately, it looks like my version of sanity ultimately prevailed and information about the traffic circle can be found over in White Horse, New Jersey. :) Bryan 00:14, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

Who added the bit acout the Turnpike widening? I don't see how the widening could cause the "condemnation" of portions of the two service areas stated, considering both the main road and the service areas are owned by the NJTPA. --38.117.185.138 (talk) 19:47, 3 February 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 11 external links on Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110221020910/http://2010.census.gov/news/xls/st34-final_newjersey.xls to http://2010.census.gov/news/xls/st34-final_newjersey.xls
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121208203219/http://www.morganquitno.com/cit06pop.htm to http://www.morganquitno.com/cit06pop.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111225033434/http://www.morganquitno.com/cit05pop.htm to http://www.morganquitno.com/cit05pop.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131012040522/http://www.dudley-2010.com/Faulkner%20Act%2046pages.pdf to http://www.dudley-2010.com/Faulkner%20Act%2046pages.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20161006125309/http://nj.gov/counties/mercer/officials/clerk/pdf/cc_electedofficials.pdf to http://nj.gov/counties/mercer/officials/clerk/pdf/cc_electedofficials.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160811002757/http://nj.gov/counties/mercer/officials/clerk/news/20151103Electionresults.htm to http://nj.gov/counties/mercer/officials/clerk/news/20151103Electionresults.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140927075206/http://nj.gov/counties/mercer/officials/clerk/news/110513ElectionResult.htm to http://nj.gov/counties/mercer/officials/clerk/news/110513ElectionResult.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160814022353/http://www.lwvnj.org/images/CG/2016_CG.pdf to http://www.lwvnj.org/images/CG/2016_CG.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20141103174930/http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/documents/NEWS_RELEASE_Gov_Christie_Commissioner_Fox_cut_ribbon_Turnpike_Widening.pdf to http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/documents/NEWS_RELEASE_Gov_Christie_Commissioner_Fox_cut_ribbon_Turnpike_Widening.pdf
 * Added tag to http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4155/is_20060118/ai_n16000700
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080919181628/http://www.colts.com/sub.cfm?page=bio&player_id=516 to http://www.colts.com/sub.cfm?page=bio&player_id=516
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.njleg.state.nj.us/html98/kramer.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:55, 24 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 6 external links on Hamilton Township, Mercer County, New Jersey. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20031015042631/http://censtats.census.gov/data/NJ/0603402129310.pdf to http://censtats.census.gov/data/NJ/0603402129310.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051001055205/http://www.mercercounty.org/parks/parks.htm to http://www.mercercounty.org/parks/parks.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130723092116/http://www.state.nj.us/counties/mercer/commissions/pdfs/parkguide.pdf to http://www.state.nj.us/counties/mercer/commissions/pdfs/parkguide.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150101063855/http://www.pace.charter.k12.nj.us/about.html to http://www.pace.charter.k12.nj.us/about.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060117140957/http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/nj-vcenter-wilson.htm to http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/nj-vcenter-wilson.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060117164854/http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/nj-vcenter-stockton.htm to http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/nj-vcenter-stockton.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:02, 28 October 2017 (UTC)

Metric infobox
Is there a specific reason the infobox shows area and population density in km (mi) format instead of mi (km)? It seems strange, given that the township is in the US and the same values in the article text are written mi (km), and it's a somewhat obvious deviation from most other US place articles. 24.148.96.146 (talk) 14:49, 2 July 2018 (UTC)


text:
Jacob Brinkerhoff

Jacob Brinkerhoff (August 31, 1810 – July 19, 1880) was an American jurist, Congressman, and author of the Wilmot Proviso. He served two terms in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1843 to 1847.

Life and career
Brinkerhoff was born in Niles, Cayuga County, New York. He was schooled at the academy at Prattsburgh, New York, and studied law in the office of Howell and Bro. Two years later he moved to Mansfield, Ohio, where in 1837 he was admitted to the bar and began to practice in partnership with Thomas W. Bartley. In October of that year he married Carolina Campbell, who died in 1839. He then married Marian Titus, of Detroit, Michigan, by whom he had two sons and two daughters.

Congress
He was prosecuting attorney for Richland County, Ohio, from 1839 to 1843, and was then elected as a Democrat to the Twenty-eighth and Twenty-ninth Congresses (March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1847), where he was chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions (Twenty-eighth Congress). He became affiliated with the Free Soil Party and drew up the famous resolution known as the Wilmot Proviso; the original draft in his handwriting is in the Congressional Library.

Several copies of this resolution were made and distributed among the Free Soil members of Congress, with the understanding that whoever among them should catch the speaker's eye and get the floor should introduce it. David Wilmot chanced to be that man, and, therefore, the proviso bears his name instead of Brinkerhoff's.

Later career
At the close of his Congressional career, he resumed his law practice at Mansfield. In 1856, he was elected to Ohio Supreme Court, where he served as Chief Justice from 1859 until 1871, being succeeded by Josiah Scott. He dissented in the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue case of 1858, a test of the Fugitive Slave Law, arguing that slavery was solely a state institution, that should enjoy no protection at the federal level. He became affiliated with the Republican Party on its formation in 1856, and was an alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Ohio in 1868.

Death and burial
He died in Mansfield, and was buried in Mansfield Cemetery.

Personal life
Brinkerhoff was the son of Henry I. Brinkerhoff (1786–1847) and his wife, Rachel (née Bevier) Brinkerhoff (1792–1826). Through his mother, he descends from three patentees, or founders, of New Paltz, New York: Louis Bevier, Simon LeFevre and Louis DuBois. His maternal grandfather, Andries Bevier, served as Supervisor of the town of Rochester, Ulster, New York.

His first cousin, once removed was Henry R. Brinkerhoff, also a Congressman from Ohio.

title: Jacob Brinkerhoff


text:
Talk:Tuco-tuco

Some comments
I wonder if porcupines, guinea pigs and capybaras are the most appropriate taxa to list as relatives of tuco-tucos. Yes, they're all 'caviomorphs', but belong to different superfamilies. What about degus, or coypu?

Number of species: The last edition of 'Mammal species of the world' (Woods & Kilpatrick 2005) mentions "about 85 named species" (and who knows how many undescribed ones).

Physical description: Tucos don't have long forefeet (in fact their forelimb bones are relatively short), but long foreclaws. I think the description of the tail as 'hairy' might be misleading. Yes, the tail is covered with soft hairs (as opposed to the scaly tail of a coypu), but not like a chinchilla, or even a degu.

I know that you've authored many rodent articles (great work!). I research tuco-tucos in Argentina, so I'd like to help. However, I've never contributed to Wikipedia, and I'm not sure if I can just edit the article. I'll check back later.

Calimecita (Cecilia)

--163.10.23.1 21:24, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Absent Link
After creating this article, I was annoyed because it can not be reached through the family Ctenomyidae (see porcupine to get my point).
 * I created a redirect. This is done by editing the family page (here Ctenomyidae) to simply say #REDIRECT tuco-tuco .  --Aranae 05:06, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tuco-tuco


text:
Lucio Fontana

Lucio Fontana (19 February 1899 – 7 September 1968) was an Argentine-Italian painter, sculptor and theorist. He's known as the founder of Spatialism and exponent of abstract painting as the first known artist to slash his canvases - which symbolizes an utter rejection of all prerequisites of art.

Early life
Born in Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina, to Italian immigrant parents, he was the son of the sculptor Luigi Fontana (1865–1946). Fontana spent the first years of his life in Argentina and then was sent to Italy in 1905, where he stayed until 1922, working as a sculptor with his father, and then on his own. Already in 1926, he participated in the first exhibition of Nexus, a group of young Argentine artists working in Rosario de Santa Fé.

Work
In 1927 Fontana returned to Italy and studied alongside Fausto Melotti under the sculptor Adolfo Wildt, at Accademia di Brera from 1928 to 1930. It was there he presented his first exhibition in 1930, organized by the Milan art gallery Il Milione. During the following decade he journeyed in Italy and France, working with abstract and expressionist painters. In 1935 he joined the association Abstraction-Création in Paris and from 1936 to 1949 made expressionist sculptures in ceramic and bronze. In 1939, he joined the Corrente, a Milan group of expressionist artists.

In 1940 he returned to Argentina. In Buenos Aires (1946) he founded the Altamira academy together with some of his students, and made public the White Manifesto, which states: "Matter, colour and sound in motion are the phenomena whose simultaneous development makes up the new art". In the text, which Fontana did not sign but to which he actively contributed, he began to formulate the theories that he was to expand as Spazialismo, or Spatialism, in five manifestos from 1947 to 1952. Upon his return from Argentina in 1947, he supported, along with writers and philosophers, the first manifesto of spatialism (Spazialismo)**. Fontana's studio and works were completely destroyed in the Allied bombings of Milan, but he soon resumed his ceramics works in Albisola. In Milan, he collaborated with noted Milanese architects to decorate several new buildings that were part of the effort to reconstruct the city after the war.

Following his return to Italy in 1948 Fontana exhibited his first Ambiente spaziale a luce nera ('Spatial environment') (1949) at the Galleria del Naviglio in Milan, a temporary installation consisting of a giant amoeba-like shape suspended in the void in a darkened room and lit by neon light. From 1949 on he started the so-called Spatial Concept or slash series, consisting in holes or slashes on the surface of monochrome paintings, drawing a sign of what he named "an art for the Space Age". He devised the generic title Concetto spaziale ('spatial concept') for these works and used it for almost all his later paintings. These can be divided into broad categories: the Buchi ('holes), beginning in 1949, and the Tagli ('slashes'), which he instituted in the mid-1950s.

Fontana often lined the reverse of his canvases with black gauze so that the darkness would shimmer behind the open cuts and create a mysterious sense of illusion and depth. He then created an elaborate neon ceiling called "Luce spaziale" in 1951 for the Triennale in Milan. In his important series of Concetto spaziale, La Fine di Dio (1963–64), Fontana uses the egg shape. With his Pietre (stones) series, begun in 1952, Fontana fused the sculptural with painting by encrusting the surfaces of his canvases with heavy impasto and colored glass. In his Buchi (holes) cycle, begun in 1949–50, he punctured the surface of his canvases, breaking the membrane of two-dimensionality in order to highlight the space behind the picture. From 1958 he purified his paintings by creating matte, monochrome surfaces, thus focusing the viewer's attention on the slices that rend the skin of the canvas. In 1959 Fontana exhibited cut-off paintings with multiple combinable elements (he named the sets quanta), and began Nature, a series of sculptures made by cutting a gash across a sphere of terracotta clay, which he subsequently cast in bronze.

Fontana engaged in many collaborative projects with important architects of the day, particularly Luciano Baldessari, who shared and supported his research for Spatial Light – Structure in Neon (1951) at the 9th Triennale and, among other things, commissioned him to design the ceiling of the cinema in the Sidercomit Pavilion at the 21st Milan Fair in 1953.

Around 1960, Fontana began to reinvent the cuts and punctures that had characterized his highly personal style up to that point, covering canvases with layers of thick oil paint applied by hand and brush and using a scalpel or utility knife to create great fissures in their surface. In 1961, following an invitation to participate along with artists Jean Dubuffet, Mark Rothko, Sam Francis, and others in an exhibition of contemporary painting entitled "Art and Contemplation", held at Palazzo Grassi in Venice, he created a series of 22 works dedicated to the lagoon city. He manipulated the paint with his fingers and various instruments to make furrows, sometimes including scattered fragments of Murano glass. Fontana was subsequently invited by Michel Tapié to exhibit the works at the Martha Jackson Gallery in New York. As a consequence of his first visit to New York in 1961, he created a series of metal works, done between 1961 and 1965. The works consisted of large sheets of shiny and scratched copper, pierced and gouged, cut through by dramatic vertical gestures that recall the force of New York construction and the metal and glass of the buildings.

Among Fontana's last works are a series of Teatrini (‘little theatres’), in which he returned to an essentially flat idiom by using backcloths enclosed within wings resembling a frame; the reference to theatre emphasizes the act of looking, while in the foreground a series of irregular spheres or oscillating, wavy silhouettes creates a lively shadow play. Another work from that time, Trinità (Trinity) (1966), consists of three large white canvases punctuated by lines of holes, embraced in a theatrical setting made from ultramarine plastic sheets vaguely resembling wings.

In the last years of his career, Fontana became increasingly interested in the staging of his work in the many exhibitions that honored him worldwide, as well as in the idea of purity achieved in his last white canvases. These concerns were prominent at the 1966 Venice Biennale, for which he designed the environment for his work. At Documenta IV in Kassel in 1968, he positioned a large, plaster slash as the centre of a totally white labyrinth, including ceiling and floor (Ambiente spaziale bianco).

Shortly before his death he was present at the "Destruction Art, Destroy to Create" demonstration at the Finch College Museum of New York. Then he left his home in Milano and went to Comabbio (in the province of Varese, Italy), his family's mother town, where he died in 1968.

Fontana created a prolific amount of graphic work with abstract motifs as well as figures, little-known in the art world, at the same time as he was producing his abstract perforated works. He was also the sculptor of the bust of Ovidio Lagos, founder of the La Capital newspaper, in Carrara marble.

Exhibitions
Fontana had his first solo exhibitions at Galleria del Milione, Milan, in 1931. In 1961, Michel Tapié organized his first show in the U.S., an exhibition of the Venice series, at the Martha Jackson Gallery, New York. His first solo exhibition at an American museum was held at the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, in 1966. He participated in the Bienal de São Paulo and in numerous exhibitions around the world. Among others, major retrospectives have been organized by the Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice (2006), Hayward Gallery, London (1999), Fondazione Lucio Fontana (1999), and the Centre Pompidou (1987; traveled to La Fundación 'la Caixa' Barcelona; Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam; Whitechapel Gallery, London). Since 1930 Fontana's work had been exhibited regularly at the Venice Biennale, and he represented Argentina various times; he was awarded the Grand Prize for Painting at the Venice Biennale of 1966. In 2014, the Musée d'Art moderne de Paris dedicates a retrospective to the artist. Tornabuoni art held a parallel show in its Avenue Matignon Paris gallery space. The first major American retrospective since the artist's death came in 2019 at the Met Breuer.

Collections
Fontana's works can be found in the permanent collections of more than one hundred museums around the world. In particular, examples from the Pietre series are housed in the Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam, the Centre Pompidou, Paris, the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna in Rome, the Museum of Contemporary Art Villa Croce in Genoa and the van Abbemuseum, Eindhoven. Fontana's jewelry is included in the permanent collection of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

Art market
Italian scholar Enrico Crispolti edited a two-volume catalogue raisonné of Fontana's paintings, sculptures and environments in 2006. In 2013, Luca Massimo Barbero, Nina Ardemagni Laurini and Silvia Ardemagni published a three-volume catalogue raisonné of Fontana's works on paper, including more than 5,500 works in chronological order.

A rare, large crimson work with a single slash, which Fontana dedicated to his wife and which has always been known as the Teresita, fetched £6.7 million ($11.6 million) at Christie's London in 2008, then an auction record for the artist. Fontana's Concetto Spaziale, Attese (1965), from the collection of Anna-Stina Malmborg Hoglund and Gunnar Hoglund set a new record for a slash painting at £8.4 million at Sotheby's London in 2015. Even more popular are Fontana's oval canvases. Sotheby's sold a work titled Concetto spaziale, la fine di dio (1963) for £10.32 million in 2008. Part of Fontana's Venice circle, Festival on the Grand Canal was sold at Christie's in New York for $7 million in 2008.

In November 2015, Christie's set an auction record for the artist's work Concetto spaziale, la fine di dio, 1964, sold for $29 million.

title: Lucio Fontana


text: User talk:70.69.50.188

title: User talk:70.69.50.188


text:
Tetraphyllidea

Tetraphyllidea is a large tapeworm order that contains some 60 genera and about 800 described species. Tetraphyllideans are remarkable for their scolex morphologies, which are the most varied and morphologically complex amongst all tapeworm orders.

Tetraphyllidean cestodes also exhibit a remarkable degree of host specificity. The procercoid probably parasitizes copepods, which are eaten by the second intermediate hosts: teleost fishes, decapods or cephalopods, which may also serve as paratenic hosts. The verified definite hosts are sharks, skates and stingrays. Occasionally found in cetaceans, the role of these apex predators in the tetraphyllidean life cycle is not well known; whales and dolphins may be definite or dead-end hosts.

Crossobothrium antonioi is a recently discovered species in the genus Crossobothrium, which belongs to the order Tetraphyllidea. It is a parasitic tapeworm that infects Notorynchus cepedianus, the broadnose sevengill shark. C. antonioi was discovered off the coast of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. C. antonioi was recovered from the spiral intestine of N. cepedianus and named after the lead researcher's father, Antonio Ivanov. C. antonioi is the smallest species in its genus and about 47.4-51.5 mm long; other species in the genus are about twice as long as C. antonioi. It has 4 stalked bothridia ("sucking grooves") on its scolex. Its proglottids, which are the segments of tapeworms that contain the reproductive structures, are longer than wide when immature, and become wider than long at maturity. However, the proglottids at each stage are generally the same shape. C. antonioi also have crenulated bothridial margins and a microthrix pattern that varies from other species in Crossobothrium. The most notable and unique quality of C. antonioi is the large amount of testes per mature proglottid. C. antonioi has more than 700 testes per proglottid, whereas other Crossobothrium species have ~150-300 testes per proglottid.

title: Tetraphyllidea


text:
Nathaniel Borenstein

Nathaniel S. Borenstein (born September 23, 1957) is an American computer scientist. He is one of the original designers of the MIME protocol for formatting multimedia Internet electronic mail and sent the first e-mail attachment.

Biography
Borenstein received a B.A. in mathematics and religious studies from Grinnell College in 1980, and a Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University in 1985. Previously he attended Ohio State University (1974–75), Deep Springs College, California (1975–76), and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel (1978–79). While at CMU, he co-developed the email component of the Andrew Project. The Andrew Message System was the first multi-media electronic mail system to become used outside of a laboratory. In 1989 he became a member of technical staff at Bellcore (Bell Communications Research). There he developed a series of standards so the various electronic mail systems could exchange multimedia messages in a common way. He is responsible for sending the first MIME email attachment on March 11, 1992.

Borenstein was founder of First Virtual Holdings in 1994, called "the first cyberbank" by the Smithsonian Institution, and NetPOS.com in 2000. He worked at IBM as distinguished engineer starting in 2002 at Cambridge, Massachusetts. He then became chief scientist at email management company Mimecast in June 2010.

He is author of Programming As If People Mattered: Friendly Programs, Software Engineering, and Other Noble Delusions (Princeton University Press, 1994) ISBN 0-691-03763-9. He received the New York University Olive Branch Award for writing about peace in 1990, for an essay about his brief experience as a NATO consultant.

His mentors include his doctoral advisor and the director of the Andrew project, Jim Morris, and Einar Stefferud, who initiated the MIME and First Virtual work.

Personal life
Borenstein lives with his wife, Trina, in Ann Arbor and Greenbush, Michigan; they have four grown daughters, and five grandchildren. He has been a vegetarian since 1972. He is a pacifist, named his web server and wireless network "ahimsa", and has worked for a mix of pacifist, leftist, and libertarian causes.

He was a child prodigy and had finished most of his high school curriculum by the end of third grade, before being restricted to studies at his own grade level beginning in fourth grade. In 1973, with the help of the ACLU, he became the first US student ever to be awarded money damages from his principal and school board, in Bexley, Ohio, for violating his freedom of speech in 1972, by sending him home for wearing a black armband on the second anniversary of the Kent State shootings.

He has three brothers, Eliot Borenstein, a Guggenheim Fellowship winner and professor at NYU; Seth Borenstein, Associated Press Senior Science Reporter; and Joe Borenstein, a contractor and investor.

Authored Requests For Comments (RFCs)

 * – MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions)
 * – Implications of MIME for Internet Mail Gateways
 * – The Extension of MIME Content-Types to a new Medium (April Fools' Day RFC)
 * – A User Agent Configuration Mechanism for Multimedia Mail Format Information
 * – MIME Part One: Format of Internet Message Bodies
 * – MIME Part Two: Media Types
 * – MIME Part Five: Conformance Criteria and Examples

title: Nathaniel Borenstein


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Anthros and Dungeons

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 15:05, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Anthros and Dungeons
Webcomic, which I can't find online. Google shows up nothing to suggest notability. The link in the article sends me to furnation, where I'm guessing this comic must have originated from. - Hahnchen 02:01, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. According to Articles for deletion/Precedents, the normal standard for a webcomic is "frequent (weekly or better) updates for over a year"; although Furnation is currently down, it doesn't look like this meets that. --Aquillion 04:03, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom, or transwiki to comixpedia if they want it. Ilmari Karonen 15:31, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.