text:
Santiago Oñate Laborde

Santiago Oñate Laborde (b. Mexico City, 1949) is a Mexican lawyer and politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI).

Oñate Laborde graduated as lawyer from the law faculty in the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México in 1972. He has gone on to serve in several positions inside the PRI and in the Mexican government. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1985 and to the Federal District Legislative Assembly upon expiration of his term as a federal legislator in 1998. In 1991 and 1992 he served as Ambassador to the Organization of American States and, in 1993, as the head of the Environmental Attorney's Office (Procuraduría Federal de Protección al Medio Ambiente or PROFEPA). In 1995 he was designated President of the PRI. He served for President Carlos Salinas as the head of the Presidency's Office (Oficina de la Presidencia). President Ernesto Zedillo appointed him as Secretary of Labor.

In 1997, Oñate Laborde became Ambassador of Mexico to the United Kingdom, position he would hold until 2001, year when he became Ambassador of Mexico to the Netherlands. While serving as ambassador in the Netherlands, he also acted as the Permanent Representative of Mexico to the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. His term as ambassador ended in 2003, but he would continue his activities in the OPCW, serving as legal adviser and later on as special adviser to the Director General. In 2013 he became the Permanent Observer of Mexico to the Council of Europe, in Strasbourg, France.

He pursued further studies at the London School of Economics and Political Science and at the University of Wisconsin, the latter of which also saw him as professor, along with the Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, and Leiden University.

Publications

 * "La Acción Procesal en la doctrina y en el derecho positivo mexicano", Mexico, 1972.
 * "El Estado y el Derecho", S. Oñate and D. Pantoja, Anuies-Edicol, Mexico, 1977.
 * "Evolución del Derecho Procesal Mexicano", in LXXV Años de Evolución Jurídica en el Mundo, UNAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas, Mexico, 1978.
 * "Legal Aid in Mexico", in F. Zemans Legal Aid, Pinter Publishers, London, 1979.
 * "Legal Needs of the Poor and Disadvantaged", B. Garth, ed., Madison, Wisconsin, 1983.
 * "Los trabajadores migratorios frente a la justicia norteamericana", S.T.P.S.-FONEP, Mexico, 1983.
 * "El papel de juez en la resolución de Litigios Familiares", in International Congress of Comparative Law; National reports, H. Nakamura (ed.) Tokio, Japan, 1984.
 * "Administración de justicia y composición de conflictos laborales", in El Obrero Mexicano, Vol. 4, 21st century, Mexico, 1985.
 * "El Veto Suspensivo", in El Refrendo y las Relaciones entre el Congreso y el Ejecutivo, UNAM-Porrúa, 1987.
 * "El regimen de partidos", in Jornadas Jurídicas Nacionales, Fenase-Porrúa, 1987.
 * "Fuentes e interpretación del derecho parlamentario", in Derecho Parlamentario Iberoamericano, Porrúa, 1987.
 * "Nuevos mecanismos de defensa del ciudadano frente a la administración pública", in Administración Pública Contemporánea en México, Mexico, 1993.
 * "Presidentialisme en democratie. Het geval van Mexico", in Drie Kwesties in Latijns Amerikas, L. Malaver and M. Oostra., ed. LASO, Amsterdam, 2002.
 * "Decision on the Follow-up to the OPCW Action Plan on Article VII: Ensuring the Effective Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention", with L. Tabassi and Ralf Trapp, The CBW Conventions Bulletin, 69–70, September–December 2005, pp. 5–10.
 * "Lessons learned: Chemicals trader convicted of war crimes", with B. Exterkate, L. Tabassi and E. van der Borght, Journal Judiciaire de La Haye, volume 2, number 1, 2007, pp. 23–42.
 * "Sustaining follow-up to the Action Plan on Article VII: National Implementation of the Chemical Weapons Convention", with M. Lak, L. Tabassi and K-S. Melzer, in Chemical Disarmament, volume 5, number 1, March 2007, pp. 18–24.
 * "Industry Role in the Non-proliferation of Chemical Weapons", International Law Association, 74th Conference, The Hague, August 2010.
 * "The Chemical Weapons Convention: An Overview", Audiovisual Library of International Law, UN, 2010.
 * "The Relation between Due Process in International and National Human Rights Instruments and International Adjudication Mechanisms", en The Development and Effectiveness of International Administrative Law, edited by O. Elias, Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden-Boston, 2012, pp. 375–385.
 * "The Chemical Weapons Convention: An Overview", Audiovisual Library of International Law, UN, 2010.
 * "The Relation between Due Process in International and National Human Rights Instruments and International Adjudication Mechanisms", en The Development and Effectiveness of International Administrative Law, edited by O. Elias, Martinus Nijhoff, Leiden-Boston, 2012, pp. 375–385.

title: Santiago Oñate Laborde


text: Talk:Wolf Hole, Arizona

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Wolf Hole, Arizona


text:
User talk:Jarandhel

This page has been set to automatically archive all threads if no replies to them have been posted within one week.

title: User talk:Jarandhel


text:
Batsto River

The Batsto River is a 22.9 mi tributary of the Mullica River in the southern New Jersey Pine Barrens in the United States. The river also drains 49.42 square miles of land.

Originating in Tabernacle Township, the Batsto River is joined by Skit Branch, Deep Run, Springer's Brook, Penn Swamp Branch and Goodwater Run before reaching Batsto Village where a dam forms Batsto Lake. From Batsto Village, the stream continues on for a few miles before its confluence with the Mullica River at The Forks. The Batsto River passes through multiple historic landmarks along its journey to the Mullica River. These landmarks include Hampton furnace, Lower Forge and Quaker Bridge, each being places of small settlements at one time.

title: Batsto River


text:
Talk:Biorobotics

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 13 January 2020 and 1 May 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Ilantt, Jzavala100, Rgallups6.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 15:48, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Stupid statement
Biorobotics is a biological thingy that i don't understand!!!!!!!!

then why are you here? --BerserkerBen 05:36, 7 November 2005 (UTC)

Nature of the term
is biorobotics just another umbrella term for biotech?Joeyjojo 03:33, 7 November 2005 (UTC)

Look up biorobotics on goggle: the term is used in university robotics to refer to biologically inspired robotics research. Biorobotics is used in sci-fi to refer to biotechnology the way it will be in say 50-100+ years from now: if the creation of completely artificial multiple cellular life forms that puts the issue of what is and is not human and deserving of human rights up in your face was possible with today’s biotechnology, I would say yes biorobotics is a blanket term for biotech, but its not possible at this time, so no its not. --BerserkerBen 05:36, 7 November 2005 (UTC)

thanksJoeyjojo 01:06, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

Bioroid
If anyone can come up with the earliest date the term was created please do so, I thought it was 1988 but I guess not. Please validate your claim with some form of evidence though. --BerserkerBen 05:36, 7 November 2005 (UTC)
 * A proposal here French, but you should be able to understand the first part. Not exactly what you wanted, but still… Reply to David Latapie 20:57, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

Unsourced
It's a valid topic, but the unsourced speculation has to go. I also suspect that the definition of the field has narrowed. Viriditas (talk) 11:12, 17 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Hi, I have reread the article but am having difficulty identifying where the material is that you are concerned about. Please can you perhaps quote it here so that we can address the issue/ - if the material you mention is the text you removed there would be nothing to discuss as I agree with the removal - it is not mentioned in the Chernobyl articles.
 * The definition may have altered - I will tag it for attention needed and try and address the issue once you have stated any further concerns. I would probably use sources such as any IEEE refs I can find and these for example:, , , and  for a more up-to-date overview. Chaosdruid (talk) 11:47, 17 March 2011 (UTC)
 * is not me. The bioroid section has no references, and the mention of Blade Runner in the lead is a bit odd. Viriditas (talk) 23:12, 17 March 2011 (UTC)

Robotics attention needed

 * Check Bioroid entry and refs problem
 * Blade runner entry needs checking
 * Check article for up-to-date and expand if necessary
 * Reassess once work completed

Chaosdruid (talk) 08:27, 18 March 2011 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: LLIB 1115 - Intro to Information Research
— Assignment last updated by CazzieShadow (talk) 17:22, 4 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Biorobotics


text: User talk:129.97.234.206

title: User talk:129.97.234.206


text:
Psi Aurigae

The Bayer designation Psi Aurigae (ψ Aur, ψ Aurigae) is shared by nine star systems in the constellation Auriga and one in Lynx:
 * ψ1 Aurigae ＝ 46 Aurigae
 * ψ2 Aurigae ＝ 50 Aurigae
 * ψ3 Aurigae ＝ 52 Aurigae
 * ψ4 Aurigae ＝ 55 Aurigae
 * ψ5 Aurigae ＝ 56 Aurigae
 * ψ6 Aurigae ＝ 57 Aurigae
 * ψ7 Aurigae ＝ 58 Aurigae
 * ψ8 Aurigae ＝ 60/61 Aurigae
 * ψ9 Aurigae
 * ψ10 Aurigae ＝ 16 Lyncis

The Psi Aurigae stars mostly belonged to the now obsolete constellation Telescopium Herschelii, that is now part of Auriga.

Other names of the Psi Aurigae stars include:
 * Βουλήγες in Greek, meaning goads
 * Dolones in Latin
 * Almost of them were member of asterism 座旗 (Zuò Qí), Seat Flags, Turtle Beak mansion.

title: Psi Aurigae


text:
Ronny Someck

Ronny Someck (רוני סומק; born 1951) is an Israeli poet and author.

Biography
Ronny Someck was born in Baghdad. His family immigrated to Israel when he was a young. He studied Hebrew literature and philosophy at Tel Aviv University and drawing at the Avni Academy of Art.

Academic and literary career
Somech teaches literature and  leads creative writing workshops.

Someck has published 16 volumes of poetry and authored 2 children's book together with his daughter Shirly (The Laughter Button and Monkey Tough, Monkey Bluff), that have been translated into 45 languages. Selections of his poems have appeared in Arabic translation, French, Catalan, Albanian, Italian, Macedonian, Croatian, Yiddish, Nepali, Dutch, Danish, Spanish, Portuguese and English.

Music and art career
He has recorded three discs with the musician Elliott Sharp: Revenge of the Stuttering Child, Poverty Line, and A Short History of Vodka.

In 1998 he mounted an exhibition “Nature's Factory, winter 2046” with Beny Efrat at the Israel Museum.

He is a member of the Public Council of the Batsheva Dance Company and the Hebrew-Arabic Theatre.

Published works

 *  fire (2024)
 *  The Offside of love (2023)
 *  Hermes (2022)
 *  So much god (2020)
 * Revenge of the Stuttering Child (2017)
 * Horse power (2013)
 * Algeria (2009)
 * The Milk Underground (2005)
 * The Revolution Drummer (2001)
 * Rice Paradise (1996)
 * Bloody Mary (1994)
 * Panther (1989)
 * Seven Lines on the Wonder of the Yarkon (1987)
 * Asphalt (1984)
 * Solo (1980)
 * Exile (1976)

For children:
 * The Laughter Button with Shirly Someck (1998)
 * Monkey Tough, Monkey Bluff with Shirly Someck (2012)

In Albanian
 * The Sign of the Bite (2001, Tirane)
 * Prekla e te Qeshurit (2006, Tirane)

In Arabic:
 * Jasmine (1994, Israel)
 * And the poem is a gangster's girl (1996, Paris)
 * "Lion's Milk" (2010 Cairo)
 * " i love her and let the world burn" (2022, Israel)

In Catalan:
 * En paper de vidre (2000, Barcelona)
 * Amor Pirata (2006, Barcelona)

In Croatian
 * Poems (Special edition on the occasion of Literature Live Festival. 2008, Zagreb)

In English:
 * The Fire Stays in Red (2002, USA)
 * "The milk underground" (White Pine Press - Cliff Becker Book Prize in Translation 2015 USA)

In French:

 * Nes a Bagdad with A.K. El Janabi (1998, Paris)
 * Constat de Beaute (Edition PHI, 2008, Luxembourg)
 * Bagdad Jerusalem with Salach Al Hamdani(Edition s Bruno Doucey, Paris 2012)
 * Le Baiser de la Poesie, 24 Poemes d'amour de Yehuda Amichai et Ronny Someck (edition Levant, Paris 2016)
 * "Le piano ardent"(Editions Bruno Doucey, Paris 2017)
 * Lettre imaginaires" (Edition Segust, 2021)
 * cristal blues"(Edition Segust, 2022)
 * La poesie n'est pas une metaphore (Edition Levant 2023)

In Italian
 * Il Rosso Catalogo della Parola Tramonto with Fausta Squatriti (NOLA)
 * Il Bambino Balbuziente (Mesogea, Sicily 2008) 2002)

In Macedonian
 * weat (2005, Skopje)
 * Asphalt Dragons (2011, Skopje)

In Nepali
 * Baghdad, February 1991 Translated into Nepali by Yuyutsu RD Sharma, (Nirala Publications, 2010, New Delhi in collaboration with White Lotus Book Shop, Kathmandu)

In Yiddish
 * I am a pajama Iraqi (H.Levick Publishing House, Tel Aviv)

In Dutch
 * "Blues van de derde zoen"(Azul Press.Maasticht 2010)
 * " Mug Shot "(with Hans van de Waarsenburg) Azul Press.Maasticht 2012)

in Danish
 * " Solens fine pensel" (Forlagrt Goldberg & Mor. Copenhagen 2010)

In Portuguese In German In Spanish In Russian In Turkish
 * "Left foot goal"(annablume.brazil 2012)
 * "Nagel" (Azul Press 2012)
 * "El Paraiso del Arroz" (Leviatan 2013)
 * "The Leopard and the Glass Slipper".tr:Lena (Elena) Baibikov. Knizhnoe obozrenie (ARGO-RISK): Moscow, 2014
 * "The Ballad of Alcohol valley". Tr: Muesse Yeniay. (Siiri). Turkey 2014

Translations of his poems have appeared in anthologies and poetry journals in 41 languages.

Awards and recognition
He is the recipient of the Prime Minister's Award, Yehuda Amichai Award for Hebrew poetry, The "Wine poem award" in Struga Poetry Evenings, Macedonia, 2005 and Hans Berghhuis prize for poetry 2006 at the Maastricht International Poetry Nights, the Netherlands.

In 2012 he was awarded the Cross of The Order of The Knights for a Distinguished Service of Poland.

In 2013 he was awarded the knight of the Order of Arts and Letters of France.

In 2016 he was awarded the exemplary man of the "Lions International".

In 2017 he received a college prestige of the Arab Academic College for Education in Israel in Haifa.

 * ACUM special Jubilee Prize for a special achievement, 1987.
 * Prime Minister's Prize, 1989,2000.
 * Afrat Prize,1999.
 * Ahi Prize (The Association for the Promotion of Research, Literature and Art, founded in Israel by Jews from Iraq), 1999
 * Yehuda Amichai prize for Hebrew poetry (2005)
 * "wine poem award" Struga Poetry Evenings, Macedonia, 2005
 * Hans Berghhuis prize for poetry 2006.the Maastricht International Poetry Nights. Holand
 * Ramat Gan prize for poetry 2010
 * He was awarded the exemplary man of the "Lions International" in 2016
 * Meir Ariel Prize for Creativity in the Hebrew Language (2019)
 * Erez Biton Prize (2024)

title: Ronny Someck


text: User talk:69.243.50.97

title: User talk:69.243.50.97


text:
Quickselect

In computer science, quickselect is a selection algorithm to find the kth smallest element in an unordered list, also known as the kth order statistic. Like the related quicksort sorting algorithm, it was developed by Tony Hoare, and thus is also known as Hoare's selection algorithm. Like quicksort, it is efficient in practice and has good average-case performance, but has poor worst-case performance. Quickselect and its variants are the selection algorithms most often used in efficient real-world implementations.

Quickselect uses the same overall approach as quicksort, choosing one element as a pivot and partitioning the data in two based on the pivot, accordingly as less than or greater than the pivot. However, instead of recursing into both sides, as in quicksort, quickselect only recurses into one side – the side with the element it is searching for. This reduces the average complexity from $$O(n\log n)$$ to $$O(n)$$, with a worst case of $$O(n^2)$$.

As with quicksort, quickselect is generally implemented as an in-place algorithm, and beyond selecting the $k$th element, it also partially sorts the data. See selection algorithm for further discussion of the connection with sorting.

Algorithm
In quicksort, there is a subprocedure called  that can, in linear time, group a list (ranging from indices   to  ) into two parts: those less than a certain element, and those greater than or equal to the element. Here is pseudocode that performs a partition about the element :

function partition(list, left, right, pivotIndex) is pivotValue := list[pivotIndex] swap list[pivotIndex] and list[right] // Move pivot to end storeIndex := left for i from left to right − 1 do if list[i] < pivotValue then swap list[storeIndex] and list[i] increment storeIndex swap list[right] and list[storeIndex] // Move pivot to its final place return storeIndex

This is known as the Lomuto partition scheme, which is simpler but less efficient than Hoare's original partition scheme.

In quicksort, we recursively sort both branches, leading to best-case $$O(n\log n)$$ time. However, when doing selection, we already know which partition our desired element lies in, since the pivot is in its final sorted position, with all those preceding it in an unsorted order and all those following it in an unsorted order. Therefore, a single recursive call locates the desired element in the correct partition, and we build upon this for quickselect:

// Returns the k-th smallest element of list within left..right inclusive // (i.e. left <= k <= right). function select(list, left, right, k) is if left = right then  // If the list contains only one element, return list[left] // return that element pivotIndex := ... // select a pivotIndex between left and right, // e.g., left + floor(rand % (right − left + 1)) pivotIndex := partition(list, left, right, pivotIndex) // The pivot is in its final sorted position if k = pivotIndex then return list[k] else if k < pivotIndex then return select(list, left, pivotIndex − 1, k)    else return select(list, pivotIndex + 1, right, k)

Note the resemblance to quicksort: just as the minimum-based selection algorithm is a partial selection sort, this is a partial quicksort, generating and partitioning only $$O(\log n)$$ of its $$O(n)$$ partitions. This simple procedure has expected linear performance, and, like quicksort, has quite good performance in practice. It is also an in-place algorithm, requiring only constant memory overhead if tail call optimization is available, or if eliminating the tail recursion with a loop:

function select(list, left, right, k) is loop if left = right then return list[left] pivotIndex := ... // select pivotIndex between left and right pivotIndex := partition(list, left, right, pivotIndex) if k = pivotIndex then return list[k] else if k < pivotIndex then right := pivotIndex − 1 else left := pivotIndex + 1

Time complexity
Like quicksort, quickselect has good average performance, but is sensitive to the pivot that is chosen. If good pivots are chosen, meaning ones that consistently decrease the search set by a given fraction, then the search set decreases in size exponentially and by induction (or summing the geometric series) one sees that performance is linear, as each step is linear and the overall time is a constant times this (depending on how quickly the search set reduces). However, if bad pivots are consistently chosen, such as decreasing by only a single element each time, then worst-case performance is quadratic: $$O(n^2).$$ This occurs for example in searching for the maximum element of a set, using the first element as the pivot, and having sorted data. However, for randomly chosen pivots, this worst case is very unlikely: the probability of using more than $$Cn$$ comparisons, for any sufficiently large constant $$C$$, is superexponentially small as a function of $$C$$.

Variants
The easiest solution is to choose a random pivot, which yields almost certain linear time. Deterministically, one can use median-of-3 pivot strategy (as in the quicksort), which yields linear performance on partially sorted data, as is common in the real world. However, contrived sequences can still cause worst-case complexity; David Musser describes a "median-of-3 killer" sequence that allows an attack against that strategy, which was one motivation for his introselect algorithm.

One can assure linear performance even in the worst case by using a more sophisticated pivot strategy; this is done in the median of medians algorithm. However, the overhead of computing the pivot is high, and thus this is generally not used in practice. One can combine basic quickselect with median of medians as fallback to get both fast average case performance and linear worst-case performance; this is done in introselect.

Finer computations of the average time complexity yield a worst case of $$n(2+2\log 2+o(1)) \leq 3.4n + o(n)$$ for random pivots (in the case of the median; other k are faster). The constant can be improved to 3/2 by a more complicated pivot strategy, yielding the Floyd–Rivest algorithm, which has average complexity of $$1.5 n + O(n^{1/2})$$ for median, with other k being faster.

title: Quickselect


text:
Talk:Quickselect

Weird (and subtly incorrect) pseudo-code for Lomuto partitioning scheme?
The current partitioning implementation uses a weird trick of starting the pivot index from, which is problematic if   is not a signed integer variable (e.g., unsigned in C++ IMHO can cause UB, though would work probably on all modern architectures). Anyways, this version of the algorithm is kind of a head scratcher. Why don't we use a simpler version, which is presented on the (Quick select page?). Thank you! Srchvrs (talk) 12:13, 20 June 2022 (UTC)

Is recursion correct?
As far as I am aware, the algorithm as presented is incorrect, specifically the recursive case: If we n > pivotIndex, then we only need to search for the (n - pivotIndex) element in the right-hand side. A quick look at some other implementations online (e.g., here) back this up. --Nels Beckman (talk) 10:25, 27 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Replacing n by n-pivotindex is appropriate for versions of the algorithm that pass in the whole array recursively, because when we do that the position of the element we're looking for is offset by the number of elements earlier than it that are omitted from the recursive call. But in this version, we pass in the left and right bounds of a subarray, and the position of the element we're looking for does not change. So it is correct, and changing n would be a mistake. Try running a few hand simulations and see for yourself! —David Eppstein (talk) 17:24, 27 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Interesting. Took me several minutes two realize the algorithm. I want to add that replacing n by n-pivotindex is also appropriate for version of the algorithm that only pass parts of the array recursively. E.g. passing the part, which contains all elements of the array, which are smaller/greater or equal than some pivot.--77.3.0.85 (talk) 17:17, 11 April 2015 (UTC)

The algorithm is indeed incorrect. `pivotIndex` needs to be offset by `lo` before before compared to `k`, and the right-side partition recursive call needs `k` adjusted for `lo` as well.

In addition to that the algorithm gives the `k+1` smallest, not the `k`-smallest in most programming languages due to 0-indexing. One could argue pseudo-code assumes 1-indexing but that's neither standardize nor obvious. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1700:F630:2850:DD90:78E8:6985:13F1 (talk) 04:37, 20 March 2022 (UTC)

Overlap with selection algorithm
Some overlap with this and selection algorithm, in particular the section describing this algorithm. Merge out? Dcoetzee 00:04, 18 August 2007 (UTC)

Precise analysis of the expected time of this algorithm
The expected number of comparisons made by this algorithm, when used (with random pivots) to compute the median, is $$n(2+2\log 2+o(1))$$; see http://11011110.livejournal.com/119720.html. (Perhaps it would be too much of a conflict of interest for me to add this link myself.) Probably somewhere we should mention the related but more complicated algorithm that finds a sample of about square root of the input size, recurses in the sample, and uses the result as a pivot, getting $$n+\min(k,n-k)+O(n^{1/2})$$ comparisons in expectation. —David Eppstein (talk) 23:35, 22 August 2013 (UTC)

 * Thanks!
 * Added in this edit.
 * I’ve also added a brief note about the more complicated algorithm, but it needs elaboration and a reference.
 * —Nils von Barth (nbarth) (talk) 10:59, 25 August 2013 (UTC)

I did a bit of digging and found the algorithm you were talking about, which I’ve made a brief article for at Floyd–Rivest algorithm. I plan to expand and incorporate it into selection algorithm by and by.
 * —Nils von Barth (nbarth) (talk) 13:49, 1 September 2013 (UTC)

Returning a range
A common and natural variant of this algorithm returns a range of values, usually in sorted order. E.g. qselect ([5,2,3,9,0,1,5], 1, 4) would return [1,2,3]. This runs in O(n) + O(k log k). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.126.200.132 (talk) 06:32, 13 August 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Quickselect. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140109200842/http://11011110.livejournal.com/119720.html to http://11011110.livejournal.com/119720.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 20:55, 5 April 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Quickselect


text:
Philip (son of Machatas)

Philip (Φίλιππoς; died 325 BC), son of Machatas and brother of Harpalus, was an officer in the service of Alexander the Great, who in 327 BC was appointed by Alexander as satrap of India, including the provinces westward of the Hydaspes (Jhelum river), as far south as the junction of the Indus with the Acesines (Chenab river). After the conquest of the Malli (Malwa) and Oxydracae, these tribes also were added to his government.

Philip was put in charge by Alexander of building the city of Alexandria on the Indus.

The territory south of the junction of the Indus with the Acesines (Chenab river) to the sea was given to Oxyartes and Peithon, son of Agenor (Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander VI.15.4)

Death
After the departure of Alexander from India, Philip was assassinated in 325 BC by a conspiracy formed among the mercenary troops under his command. Alexander named Eudamus and Taxiles as rulers of his territories in replacement:

 * "Alexander dispatched letters to India to Eudamus and Taxilas telling them to take charge of the district formerly under Philip, until he himself sent a satrap to govern it." (Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander, VI.27.2)

title: Philip (son of Machatas)


text:
User:JulesH

Click on a "show" link to view my userboxes (requires JavaScript)

and, finally
 * WP:SNOW, WP:JAMAICA and WP:STEAM
 * WP:SPADE
 * WP:STICK
 * WP:KETTLE
 * WP:ARGH!
 * WP:NOSE
 * WP:TIGERS
 * Grapefruit
 * WP:LEGS
 * WP:REICHSTAG
 * WP:ROUGE

Computer-related articles

 * NASM (computer program)
 * WYSIWYG
 * Spinlock
 * Kernel (computer science)
 * JX (operating system)
 * Cyclomatic complexity

Writing- or fiction-related articles

 * PublishAmerica
 * Capitalization
 * poetry.com
 * Vanity press
 * Space warfare in fiction
 * Weapons in science fiction

Other articles

 * Disemvoweling (which I prefer to spell disemvowelling)
 * Right-branching sentence (whose first sentence needs rephrasing to avoid the ambiguous use of 'subject')
 * Low temperature cooking

Wikipedia tasks

 * Attribution - not a policy any more
 * Articles for Deletion - many of which I'd prefer weren't deleted

Things I plan on doing

 * Create an article on the Last responsible moment, describing its relevance to agile software development.

Ramblings

 * User:JulesH/Self Published Sources

title: User:JulesH


text: User talk:68.96.224.97

title: User talk:68.96.224.97


text:
User talk:Rodric the First

Welcome messages
Hi, the next thing is you probably want to let people know that there is a vote. You can either post privately on individual talk pages (like this), or post on related article talk pages, to let them know there is a vote. It may take a few weeks before an administrator decides the outcome which will give people time to see the vote. Stbalbach 17:55, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the advice. Your help is welcome. Rodric the First 08:21, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

---

Thanksd for getting an account, and welcome to Wikipedia. I have found the following links useful, and the list really isn't as formidable as it looks:

Feel free to contact me here.
 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Use English
 * Featured articles
 * Neutral point of view:Articles without bias describe debates fairly rather than advocating any side of the debate.
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text
 * IRC channel
 * Mailing lists
 * Current surveys
 * Articles for Deletion
 * WP:NOT
 * kate's tool

Two words of advice: Septentrionalis 19:09, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It makes no sense, but you will get more respect if you create your user page.
 * Also, Wikipedia is designed and structured to oppose all claims that one group of people has the right to have their way, "disregarding all other considerations."
 * Do read Neutral point of view, above.

Response to Septentrionalis

 * Thanks for the advice.
 * I re-read the NPOV article.
 * I did not say "disregarding all other considerations." You have misquoted me and have done it out of context. You have created the impression that I am making an outrageous claim that I in no way have made. Please don't do that. It is upsetting.
 * The use of the name Isabella is offensive. It's an issue of civility.  Rodric the First 08:21, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Isabella of Castile
Stop editing Isabella of Castile to change a name that has been decided in a clear consensus on the talk page. You raised it. The consensus disagreed with you even when some of those disagreeing with you had their votes deleted from the page. Unusing multiple names in votes is a breach of WP rules. Removing votes that you don't agree with is a serious breach of rules that could have led to a block. Trying unilaterally to force through the changes anyway when you lose the rules is a breach of Wikipedia rules. If you continue on behaving like that you could be blocked from editing or have a RfC started against you. FearÉIREANN \(caint)  05:07, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rodric the First


text:
Vanhat herrat

Vanhat herrat (Finnish for "The old gentlemen") is a Finnish comic strip drawn by Pauli Heikkilä and written by him and Markku Paretskoi. It was frequently featured in the popular humour magazine Pahkasika, Paretskoi being the magazine's executive editor for its entire run. While preliminary versions of the characters first appeared in a Tampere journalism students' union magazine in 1977, it is generally considered that the characters reached their mature form in 1982. The creators of the strip were awarded the Finnish Comic Society's "Puupää hat" award in 1998.

In 1998–1999 the strip appeared weekly in the urban newspaper Tamperelainen, but in 2000 Pahkasika was discontinued, and the strip has been on hiatus since 2002. That year, all strips from 1982 onwards were collected in a single 222-page volume, "Taru Vanhoista herroista" ("The Legend of the Old Gentlemen" - a play on the name of the Finnish translation of The Lord of the Rings), ISBN 952-9809-56-5.

The strip stars two Finnish men seemingly in their early thirties. Their real names are never given, they are simply called "the blond gentleman" and "the dark-haired gentleman" because of their hair colour. Occasionally, a third main character, their uncle (called the Uncle), also appears. In one episode, the gentlemen also have a son whom they kidnapped from his mother while she was shopping. The son makes short one- or two-frame appearances also in the latter episodes.

Most of the strips are about the main characters having some sort of fantasy adventure, as if reliving their childhood or teenage. These adventures were often rather eccentric, such as one set in Thoreau's Walden. They also flaunt their literacy in a strip where they meet author Veikko Huovinen and incense him by talking exclusively in sentences which contain the title of one of his books.

The gentlemen also frequently drink alcoholic beverages. The nature of their adventures may be understood as the authors' documentation of their own lives as undergraduate university students.

In one strip, it has been shown that both men have a girlfriend. The blond gentleman's girlfriend has dark hair and the dark-haired gentleman's girlfriend is blonde.

Vanhat herrat has not been translated into English, save for a single page which Pahkasika featured in both Finnish and English.

title: Vanhat herrat


text:
CrossDOS

CrossDOS is a file system handler for accessing FAT formatted media on Amiga computers. It was bundled with AmigaOS 2.1 and later. Its function was to allow working with disks formatted for PCs and Atari STs (and others). In the 1990s it became a commonly used method of file exchange between Amiga systems and other platforms.

CrossDOS supported both double density (720 KB) and high density (1.44 MB) floppy disks on compatible disk drives. As with AmigaDOS disk handling, it allowed automatic disk-change detection for FAT formatted floppy disks. The file system was also used with hard disks and other media for which CrossDOS provided hard disk configuration software. However, the versions of CrossDOS bundled with AmigaOS did not support long filenames, an extension to FAT that was introduced with Microsoft's Windows 95.

History
CrossDOS was originally developed as a stand-alone commercial product by Consultron, which was available for AmigaOS 1.2 and 1.3. In 1992 Commodore included a version of CrossDOS with AmigaOS 2.1 (and with later versions), so that users could work with PC formatted disks. In fact, the bundled version will also work with version 2.0 of AmigaOS. The bundled CrossDOS replaced an obscure tool in earlier versions of AmigaOS that could access FAT formatted disks on a secondary floppy disk drive only (this tool was not a complete file system but a user program to read files from a FAT formatted disk). Development of CrossDOS continued after being bundled with the OS. CrossDOS 7 was the last version released and included support for long filenames and other features not available in the bundled version.

title: CrossDOS


text:
User:Mysidia/Talkarchive

This page is an archive and its contents should be preserved in their current form, any comments regarding this page should be directed to my talk page

title: User:Mysidia/Talkarchive


text:
ISEA International

ISEA International is an international non-profit organisation which encourages "interdisciplinary academic discourse" and exposure for "culturally diverse organisations and individuals working with art, science and technology."

ISEA International is best known for coordinating the annual International Symposium on Electronic Art (ISEA), a gathering of the international art, science and technology community. The symposium includes both an academic conference, including workshops, and artistic events, like art exhibitions, concerts & performances and events in public space. It is a nomadic event and is held in a different location every year. ISEA allows individuals and organisations from around the world to come together annually, share and experience the intersection of emerging technologies and art. ISEA includes both visual and performing art that intersect with various types of technology in its symposia. ISEA is managed by the ISEA International foundation board, who coordinate the continued occurrence of the symposium and oversees the quality of its content.

In an important move for ISEA, an agreement with University of Brighton to establish an ISEA Headquarters was signed in July 2009. ISEA HQ provides an administrative, academic and creative base for ISEA and develops a fruitful partnership with a leading research University. In 2022, a new agreement was signed with the University for the Creative Arts, which is where the new headquarters is now based.

History
The symposium series began in 1988 in Utrecht, the Netherlands, in order to support the founding and maintenance of an international network of organisations and individuals active in the field of the electronic arts. The idea behind its creation was to create a network for those who are active and interested in electronic arts. The organization was later founded in 1990 in The Netherland, as an international membership association called the Inter-Society for the Electronic Arts. The Board and membership of ISEA has always been international, bringing together individuals and organisations from around the world. From the founding of ISEA until 1996 the organisation was based in the Netherlands. From 1996 to 2001, ISEA headquarters was based in Montréal, Canada. After a period of a provisional HQ again in the Netherlands, in 2008 a new Headquarters was established at the University of Brighton, United Kingdom. The Inter-Society existed for over 15 years as a membership organisation and in 2009 ISEA was changed from the association to a foundation called “ISEA International” and the headquarters moved to the UK.

The organisation is now managed by the ISEA International foundation board, whose main role is to select the host city of each symposium based on bids submitted after a Call for Candidates. The foundation board works closely with the host to ensure that the goals of ISEA are achieved. Historically the symposia were held as both a biennial and annual event. As of 2009, the symposium has been held annually again.

ISEA is one of the most prominent international events on art and technology around the world, bringing together scholarly, artistic, and scientific domains in an interdisciplinary discussion and showcase of creative productions applying new technologies in electronic art, interactivity and digital media.

The ISEA International Headquarters was previously hosted at the University of Brighton in the UK. As of ISEA2022 ISEA HQ is based at the University for the Creative Arts.

International Advisory Committee
The Isea International Advisory Committee (IIAC) is composed of international experts from the fields of art, science and technology. Their role is to advise the ISEA International foundation board. As of 2021, the IIAC is chaired by Tanya Ravn Ag.

ISEA Symposium Archives
ISEA maintains an archive with resources available to the public. Beginning in 2012, the development of a new archive commenced with text and PDF information available for the symposium proceedings, catalogs, presentation abstracts, artist statements, and workshops. A new archive is in development to include images and rich media. This new archive interconnects the data to create a myriad of ways to retrieve the information. It also has contributor pages that connect to all the papers, presentations, artworks and other contributions to the ISEA symposium. The new archive also enables the export of data for visualizations as well as a map of the location of all the contributors to the ISEA symposia. Although this new archive is currently in-progress, it is also available to the public.

International Symposium on Electronic Art (ISEA)
Previous and future symposia have included:

 * Utrecht, Netherlands (FISEA, 1988)
 * Groningen, Netherlands (SISEA, 1990)
 * Sydney, Australia (TISEA, 1992)
 * Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S. (FISEA’93)
 * Helsinki, Finland (ISEA94)
 * Montreal, Quebec, Canada (ISEA95)
 * Rotterdam, Netherlands (ISEA96)
 * Chicago, U.S. (ISEA97)
 * Liverpool/Manchester, UK (ISEA98)
 * Paris, France (ISEA2000)
 * Nagoya, Japan (ISEA2002)
 * Baltic Sea; Tallinn, Estonia; Helsinki, Finland (ISEA2004)
 * San Jose, California, U.S. (ISEA2006)
 * Singapore, (ISEA2008)
 * Belfast, Northern Ireland, (ISEA2009)
 * Ruhr Area, Germany, (ISEA2010)
 * Istanbul, Turkey, (ISEA2011)
 * Albuquerque, New Mexico, U.S. (ISEA2012)
 * Sydney, Australia, (ISEA2013)
 * Dubai, United Arab Emirates, (ISEA2014)
 * Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, (ISEA2015)
 * Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China, (ISEA2016)
 * Manizales, Colombia, (ISEA2017)
 * Durban, South Africa, (ISEA2018)
 * Gwangju, South Korea, (ISEA2019)
 * Online Montreal, QB, Canada (ISEA2020)
 * Barcelona, Spain, (ISEA2022)
 * Paris, France, (ISEA2023)

title: ISEA International


text:
Talk:Rakel Liekki

Name
I thought "Rakel Liekki" was just a stage name. According to what source "Liekki" is her real surname (as is implied here and explicitly stated at fi.wiki)? --Jonik 17:56, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * (fullname) Tiina Rakel Liekki can be found from multiple places, e.g. I don't know, if it is a stage name or not, but having a three part stage name sounds non-likely to me. --Easyas12c 18:22, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

It is indeed her real name as she has stated in interviews several times. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.186.238.59 (talk) 08:36, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

Improving this article...
It is hoped that Finish-reading and Swedish-reading Wikipedians can assist with translation of the apparent sources available through searches of Google news and Google boks.  Schmidt,  MICHAEL Q. 20:17, 30 April 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Rakel Liekki. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100609140156/http://www.showroomhelsinki.com/exhibitions/ylisopo.html to http://www.showroomhelsinki.com/exhibitions/ylisopo.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 18:39, 1 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rakel Liekki


text: User talk:84.173.50.198

title: User talk:84.173.50.198


text:
Fud Leclerc

Ferdinand Urbain Dominic Leclerc (, 1924 – 20 September 2010) was a Belgian singer, who was also the pianist of Juliette Gréco. Leclerc had a career as a pianist, accordionist, songwriter and singer before retiring to travel the world. On his return to Belgium he began a new career as a building contractor. More recently, Leclerc was invited to Belgian national final of Eurovision 2005 by the Belgian TV network RTBF as a guest star.

Leclerc represented Belgium at the Eurovision Song Contest four times:

The song Leclerc performed in the 1962 Contest is notable for being the (joint) first song performed at the Contest that scored zero points.

At the time of his death Leclerc was retired, and living in Brussels.

title: Fud Leclerc


text: Category:Candidates in the 2006 Mexican presidential election


text:
Category:Federal Aviation Administration

This category contains articles related to the Federal Aviation Administration, an agency of the United States Department of Transportation.


text: User talk:81.131.115.239

title: User talk:81.131.115.239


text:
Cherry tomato

The cherry tomato is a type of small round tomato believed to be an intermediate genetic admixture between wild currant-type tomatoes and domesticated garden tomatoes. Cherry tomatoes range in size from a thumbtip up to the size of a golf ball, and can range from spherical to slightly oblong in shape. Although usually red, other colours such as orange, yellow, green, purple, and black also exist. Those shaped like an oblong share characteristics with plum tomatoes and are known as grape tomatoes. The cherry tomato is regarded as a botanical variety of the cultivated berry, Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme.

History
"The cherry tomato... is believed to be the direct ancestor of modern cultivated tomatoes and is the only wild tomato found outside South America." The tomato is thought to have been first domesticated in the Puebla-Veracruz area of Mexico and to have reached this area from South America in the form of a weedy cherry tomato.

The first direct reference to the cherry tomato appears in 1623, in a work called Pinax theatri botanici (English: Illustrated exposition of plants) by Swiss botanist Caspar Bauhin, which contains descriptions and classifications of approximately six thousand species. In a section on "Solanum" (nightshades), Bauhin wrote of a variety called Solanum racemosum cerasoru[m] forma, which translates to "Solanum [that is] full of clusters [racemosum], in the form (shape) of cherries".

Cherry tomatoes have been popular in the United States since at least 1919. Recipes using cherry tomatoes can be found in articles dating back to 1967.

In the 1970s Israeli scientists developed wild variants of the cherry tomato into global brands popular today among them the tomaccio. Nathan Goldenberg, approached Professor Nahum Kedar and Professor Haim Rabinowitch from the Faculty of Agriculture at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem with the idea of developing an improved variety of cherry tomatoes. Even before the appeal, the two were working on developing varieties suitable for cultivation in the hot Israeli climate, including a regular tomato variety with a long shelf life, encouraged by the Israeli government, which promoted the endevour. According to Rabinowitch, the desire to develop a cherry tomato variety was mutual; Goldenberg provided funding and all the seeds available at the time for home cultivation. The variety developed by Kedar and Rabinowitch was flavorful, had a long shelf life, and was convenient for commercial packaging (two rows arranged around the stem). Licenses to market the seeds were sold to several Israeli companies. The variety gained popularity in the late 1980s, and sales peaked in 1992. The development brought the Hebrew University more revenue than all their other commercial developments combined In the following decades, many other varieties were developed, and the popularity of cherry tomatoes continued to rise.

Cultivars
The Super Sweet 100 is a hybrid cultivar popular in the United States and resistant to both Fusarium and Verticillium wilt.

The Selke Biodynamic cherry tomato is named after Margrit Selke.

The indeterminate hybrid sungold cherry tomato is known for its vigorous early-yielding plants and colorful orange fruits.

title: Cherry tomato


text:
2003 Tynedale District Council election

Elections to Tynedale District Council were held on 1 May 2003. The whole council was up for election and the Conservative Party took overall control over the council.

Election Result

 * }

10 Conservative, 2 Labour and 1 Liberal Democrat councillors were elected unopposed.

title: 2003 Tynedale District Council election


text:
Talk:Fred Foldvary

October 2005
Fred E Foldavi is also mentioned in the Real estate bubble article and the Geolibertarianism article. Wikipedians doing both articles thought Foldavi was important enough for an article.--Barbara Shack 18:11, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Fred Foldvary. Please take a moment to review my edit. You may add after the link to keep me from modifying it, if I keep adding bad data, but formatting bugs should be reported instead. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether, but should be used as a last resort. I made the following changes:
 * Attempted to fix sourcing for http://hometown.aol.com/foldvary2000/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 11:43, 29 March 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Fred Foldvary. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121104040047/http://www.progress.org/archive/fold251.htm to http://www.progress.org/archive/fold251.htm
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.progress.org/archive/fold19.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051017044317/http://www.progress.org/archive/fold201.htm to http://www.progress.org/archive/fold201.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:57, 7 October 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Fred Foldvary. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070106083926/http://www.progress.org/archive/foldvary.htm to http://www.progress.org/archive/foldvary.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 03:28, 14 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fred Foldvary


text:
Trump Tower (disambiguation)

Trump Tower is a mixed-use skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan in New York City.

Trump Tower or Trump Towers may also refer to:

Buildings

 * Trump Tower Manila, Philippines
 * Trump Tower Punta del Este, Uruguay
 * Trump Towers (Sunny Isles Beach), Florida, US
 * Trump Towers Istanbul, Turkey
 * Trump Towers Pune, India
 * Trump International Hotel and Tower (Chicago), Illinois, US
 * Trump International Hotel and Tower (Honolulu), Hawaii, US
 * Trump International Hotel and Tower (New York City), New York, US

Buildings commonly known as "Trump Tower"

 * 40 Wall Street, also known as The Trump Building, a 70-story skyscraper in New York City, US
 * Trump Hotel Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, US
 * Trump Parc, New York City, US
 * Trump Parc Stamford, Stamford, Connecticut, US
 * Trump Park Avenue, Manhattan, US
 * Trump World Tower, New York City, US

Unfulfilled proposals

 * Trump Tower (Tampa), Florida, US (incomplete, abandoned)
 * Trump Tower Europe, Berlin or Stuttgart or Frankfurt, Germany (proposed, never built)
 * Trump Tower Moscow, Russia (planned, never built)
 * Trump Towers Atlanta, Georgia, US (planned, never built)
 * Trump Towers Rio, Brazil (proposed, never built)
 * Trump International Hotel and Tower (Baku), Azerbaijan (construction stopped in 2015)
 * Trump International Hotel and Tower (Dubai), United Arab Emirates (proposed, never built)
 * Trump International Hotel and Tower (New Orleans), US (proposed, never built)
 * Trump Ocean Resort Baja Mexico, Tijuana, Mexico (proposed, never built)

Formerly called "Trump Tower"

 * Trump International Hotel and Tower Toronto, now The St. Regis Toronto, Canada
 * Trump International Hotel and Tower (Vancouver), now the Paradox Hotel Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
 * Trump Ocean Club International Hotel and Tower, now JW Marriott Panama, Panama
 * Trump SoHo, now The Dominick, New York City, US
 * Trump Tower (White Plains), now The Tower at City Place, New York, US

Other uses

 * Trump Tower (novel), a 2011 novel by Jeffrey Robinson, originally credited to Donald Trump

title: Trump Tower (disambiguation)


text: User talk:67.85.158.163

title: User talk:67.85.158.163


text:
Sociedad General de Autores y Editores

The Spanish Society of Authors and Publishers (Sociedad General de Autores y Editores, SGAE) is the main collecting society for songwriters, composers and music publishers in Spain. It is similar to AGADU, ASCAP, GEMA, SADAIC, SACEM and SAYCO. The philologist, poet, composer, scriptwriter, movie and television director and producer Antón Reixa (1957) is the chairman of the Board of Directors since May 2012. SGAE was founded in 1889 as Society of Authors of Spain. In 1995, its name changed to Society of Authors and Publishers, seeking to accommodate cultural editors.

SGAE comprises more than 100,000 music, audiovisual and dramatic creators. Created in 1899, its main mission is the protection of its members' rights for the use of their works throughout the world. These uses include mechanical reproduction, public performance, synchronization and many other forms of musical distribution. This process culminates in the collection and subsequent royalty distribution to its members.

With over 430 employees, more than 200 representatives in Spain, plus offices in the US, Brazil, Mexico, Cuba and Argentina, SGAE protects the rights of more than two million members from all over the world. It does so through reciprocal representation agreements entered into with 150 foreign societies which, in turn, administer and protect its members rights in their respective territories.

SGAE is not only an organism for the management of rights. Through its Fundación Autor, or in collaboration with cultural institutions, SGAE enhances its promise to promote the continuous formation of its members and the diffusion of their works around the world, aiding for their well-being, including the start-up of an assistance program with multiple features and social benefits.

In 2018, SGAE was involved in a television scam known as "La Rueda", where TV broadcasters played more of their personally owned music in late-night slots, leaving tens of millions of dollars less each year for other parties whose music is played on Spanish TV.

Digital canon
One of the main activities of the SGAE is the collection of a blank media tax called “canon”. This tax is aimed to compensate authors for private copies of their work and was incorporated into Spanish law by Law 22/1987 of November 11, Intellectual Property. This law recognized the right of users to make private copies. The fee was intended to levy countervailing audio and video devices such as tapes, stereos or televisions. Its latest version, called “digital canon”, placed the SGAE in the middle of a controversy when trying to extrapolate this charge to digital devices such as CD, DVD, external hard drives and cell phones capable of playing music. The amount payable ranges from 0.17 euros on the price of a CD-R up to 227 euros to be paid to purchase a copier.

Opponents
The digital canon was implemented on 18 December 2007, and it introduced the payment of a fee as compensation for private copying that both individuals and companies must pay regardless of the intended use for the device. This has been a main argument of opponents of the blank media tax, who believe that the indiscriminate application of the canon does not respect the presumption of innocence of consumers. However, the Spanish Intellectual Property Law recognizes the right to private copying, so there is no offense to commit, and therefore there is no presumption of innocence. The digital canon has grown unpopular in Spain and the two main Spanish organizations of Internet users had collected three million signatures by February 2010 calling for the abolition of the tax. Many Internet users defend their right to make private copies of the purchased contents without paying any additional fees.

In July 2018, in response to the "Rueda" scandal, Warner/Chappell, Sony/ATV, Universal Music Publishing Group, BMG Rights Management, and Peermusic have attempted to pull their catalogues from SGAE's repertoire by 2019, and may refuse to license their music for broadcast. These publishers account for 60% of Spain's broadcasting rights.

Defenders
The private copying levy has traditionally been seen as a compensation for the original authors, transferring payment from analog media to digital media. Apart from the controversy surrounding it in Spain, the tax common among European countries and is seen as a compensation accepted in all European Union countries, provided by Directive 2001/29/EC, which in Article 5 authorizes the various member countries to enter the private copying exception provided that the legislation adequately compensate the original authors. Ireland, United Kingdom, Luxembourg, Malta and Cyprus do not recognize the right to private copying, so no fee is charged. Other countries have opted to compensate the authors directly. This is the case of Norway, where 40 million euros were spent for this purpose during 2010. Outside Europe, the fee is also charged in countries such as Canada, while in the U.S., recording media devices are taxed at a rate of 3%.

Legal dispute
In 2004, the SGAE claimed EUR 16,759.25 to the company PADAWAN, dedicated to the marketing of multimedia devices such as CD, DVD or MP3, to compensate for devices sold between September 2002 and September 2004. PADAWAN took the case to trial, and the Court of Barcelona consulted with the Court of Justice of the European Union if the Spanish tax system for the cultural industry is compatible with Community law. The Court of Justice of European Union General Counsel, Verica Trstenjak, ruled that the application of digital canon in Spain is illegal when imposed indiscriminately on all recording and playing equipment and materials purchased by companies and not only those who presumably are intended for making private copies, the only case in which the digital canon would comply with European legislation. The law states that under no circumstances the canon can be imposed to companies and professionals that clearly acquire the devices for purposes unrelated to private copying.

Following the European resolution, digital canon has been strongly questioned by Internet users and some political parties. To achieve parliamentary support for the so-called “Sinde Law”, after the Culture Ministry, Ángeles González-Sinde, approved by the Senate Finance Committee on February 1, 2011, the Spanish Government committed to eliminate the digital fee within three months after the approval of the law, a condition required by the main opposition party, the Partido Popular.

Controversies
The SGAE has been involved in several controversies, like charging a fine of €96 to a middle school for trying to make a theatrical play whose rights belonged to Federico García Lorca's heirs. The SGAE denied access to any information or communication to the owners of the rights to the school. The school administrators by their own account finally found the copyright holders, the Centro Dramático Nacional, (whose responsibles weren't informed of the situation at all by their SGAE representatives) and they gladly agreed to the school petition without any charge. However, the SGAE replied that they only acted like intermediaries and had no authority to stop demanding the payment for the copyright of registered works, unless the author or the owners requested so.

Finally, Lorca's nephew, Manuel Fernández Montesinos, contacted the Ramón Menéndez Pidal middle school to inform that they could play "Bodas de sangre" without any charges. A few days later, Montesinos wrote again to the School Principal refusing to lose the copyright's tax since the play was to be represented in a professional theatre and not at the school.

The SGAE has also claimed copyright for works of authors deceased more than 70 years ago at the time of the claim, a condition that, under European law, deems the works to be of public domain. According to the councils of Zalamea de la Serena (Badajoz), and Fuente Obejuna (Córdoba), the company claimed 24,000 and 30,000 euros respectively to represent the classic Spanish dramas "El alcalde de Zalamea" and "Fuenteovejuna", whose authors died centuries ago. The problem arises from the fact that many of the represented classic plays are adaptations to current Spanish from an original work's ancient language, so in those cases a collection of fees is required from the adapter. In both cases, the SGAE rejected the accusations and stated that, in the case of Zalamea de la Serena, the requested quantity was 95 euros.

A common description of SGAE by independent songwriters in Spain is that the organization is made up of pirates who prefer to keep and spend royalty money owed to the writers.

Embezzlement investigation
On 1 July 2011, eight members of the SGAE, including the president,, were arrested and charged with embezzlement. The Investigation Committee estimated that as much as 87 million euros were embezzled directly or indirectly from 1997 to 2011.

title: Sociedad General de Autores y Editores


text:
Talk:Dmitry Likhachev

Untitled
It is probably not very important distinction from the point of view of a Westerner, but is it correct to call Соловецкую тюрьму особого назначения (СТОН) or Соловецкий лагерь особого назначения (СЛОН) GULAG, which stands for Главное Управление лагерей? --Barbatus 18:03, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * fixd. thx. mikka (t) 18:28, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * dn't mntn it. --Barbatus 18:30, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 one external links on Dmitry Likhachov. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110716043414/http://vivovoco.rsl.ru/VV/PAPERS/HONOUR/LETT42.HTM to http://vivovoco.rsl.ru/VV/PAPERS/HONOUR/LETT42.HTM
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051030005354/http://www.vor.ru:80/culture/cultarch89_eng.html to http://www.vor.ru/culture/cultarch89_eng.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050214030649/http://www.vor.ru:80/English/centuries/centuries_37.html to http://www.vor.ru/English/centuries/centuries_37.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:31, 14 December 2016 (UTC)

Requested move 16 February 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. (non-admin closure)  ❯❯❯  Raydann  (Talk)   06:18, 23 February 2023 (UTC)

Dmitry Likhachov → Dmitry Likhachev – WP:COMMONNAME, as evidenced by a Google Books Ngram chart. —Michael Z. 00:45, 16 February 2023 (UTC)

Assent - Seems to me that Likhachev is used more to find things about him whilst Likhachov is used less. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Okiyo9228 (talk • contribs) 00:48, 20 February 2023 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

title: Talk:Dmitry Likhachev


text: User talk:64.105.218.50

title: User talk:64.105.218.50


text:
Denny Matthews

Dennis Matthews (born November 14, 1942 ) is an American sportscaster, best known as a play-by-play announcer for Major League Baseball's Kansas City Royals since the team's inception in 1969.

Early history
Matthews grew up in Bloomington, Illinois and attended Illinois Wesleyan University, where he played baseball and football, and belonged to the Sigma Chi fraternity. He worked for local radio and television stations in Peoria and St. Louis before his hiring by the Royals.

Broadcast career
Matthews has broadcast for the Royals since their inception in 1969, when he was the sidekick to Bud Blattner. Blattner retired in 1974, and Matthews has been the Royals' top broadcaster since then. From 1974 to 1998 – a stretch that includes the best seasons in the Royals' history – Matthews was paired with Fred White. In 1999, the two also teamed up to write a book called Play by Play: 25 Years of Royals on Radio, which recounts anecdotes from those seasons. Matthews also called baseball events for the national CBS Radio network in the 1980s.

In 1999, the Royals fired White and replaced him with the younger Ryan Lefebvre. Despite a tremendous age difference, Matthews and Lefebvre integrated their styles well and their dry wit and rapport became popular with Royals fans.

In 2008, Matthews cut back on his broadcast schedule, traveling to fewer road games, turning many of those chores over to Bob Davis and Steve Stewart (who succeeded Lefebvre in the Royals' radio booth while the latter shifted to television). However, Matthews broadcast the first road trip of that season from Detroit and Minnesota while Davis was broadcasting the Kansas Jayhawks' run to the national basketball championship. Matthews handled most of the home schedule and much of the September slate, when Davis turned his attention to broadcasting Jayhawks football games. Steve Physioc replaced Davis on the Royals' broadcast team in 2009.

Matthews' broadcasts and longevity have made him a popular figure in Kansas City. Baseball historian and statistician Bill James is among his fans, and has written:

 * His voice has a pleasant timbre which suggests a cheerful occasion. His inflection varies naturally so it's neither falsely enthusiastic nor boring. He has a dry, understated humor that drifts through much of his audience undetected. One cannot learn these things at a microphone; they are given.

Since the retirement of the Los Angeles Dodgers' longtime English-language announcer Vin Scully and Spanish-language broadcaster Jaime Jarrín (who called that team's games from 1950–2016 and 1959–2022 respectively), Matthews' tenure with the Royals is the longest continuous tenure with one team among active Major League Baseball announcers. In January 2015, Matthews signed a contract extension to keep him calling Royals games through his and the team's 50th season in 2018. He signed a new contract in 2018 and continues to call games as of the 2024 season.

Awards
Matthews was inducted into the Royals Hall of Fame in 2004 and the Missouri Sports Hall of Fame in 2005. He was presented with the Ford C. Frick Award by the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 2007.

title: Denny Matthews


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ARM ChaOS

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete (unanimous)--Scimitar parley 19:19, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

ARM ChaOS
This is an inactive project, which hasn't released anything since it was founded in 2004. It has pages in SourceForge. The mailing list is empty, the forum is empty, no news, nothing. -Hapsiainen 18:03, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. -Hapsiainen 18:03, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Pur e blade | Word 21:38, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.