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HMS St Lawrence (1814)

HMS St Lawrence was a 102-gun first-rate wooden warship of the Royal Navy that served on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812. Built on the lake at the Royal Navy dockyard in Kingston, Ontario, she was the only Royal Navy ship of the line ever to be launched and operated entirely in fresh water. Constructed in 1814, the ship's arrival on the lake ended all naval action and St Lawrence finished the war having never gone into battle. Following the war, the vessel was laid up, eventually being sold in 1832 to private interests. The ship later sank and is now a recreational dive spot.

Description
Master shipbuilder John Dennis and nearly 200 shipwrights built St Lawrence in under ten months, although several sources credit master shipwright William Bell as the designer and builder. Unlike sea-going ships of the line, St Lawrence was constructed without a quarterdeck, poop deck or forecastle. This gave the vessel the appearance of a spar-deck frigate. Furthermore, St Lawrence was not expected to make long ocean voyages and did not have to carry the same amount of stores and provisions. This allowed the designers to make savings in the vessel's capacity. The shipwrights constructed a vessel larger and more heavily gunned than the flagship of Horatio Nelson at the Battle of Trafalgar, HMS Victory.

As built St Lawrence measured $90/94$ tons burthen, with a gundeck of 194 ft, and beam of 52 ft – all larger than the 102-gun Victory.

The crew numbered 700. She carried thirty-two 32-pounder carronades and two 68-pounder carronades on the upper deck, thirty-six 24-pounder long guns on the middle deck and twenty-eight 32-pounder long guns, four 24-pounder long guns and two 68-pounder carronades on the lower deck.

Service history
The ship was ordered to remedy the imbalance between the Royal Navy and United States naval forces under the command of Isaac Chauncey on landlocked Lake Ontario.

At the time, Lake Ontario was effectively landlocked for any but the smallest vessels, due to shallow water and rapids on the St. Lawrence River downstream and Niagara Falls upstream. As a result, warships operating on Lake Ontario had to be built on site, either in Kingston or in the American naval dockyards at Sackets Harbor, or converted from merchant ships already operating in the lake.

Control of the lake, which was the most important supply route for the British for military operations to the west, had passed back and forth between the Americans and the British over the course of the war. The construction of a first rate ship of the line, in a campaign that had been dominated by sloops and frigates, gave the British uncontested control of the lake during the final months of the war. HMS St Lawrence never saw action, because her presence on the lake once battle-ready deterred the U.S. fleet from setting sail.

St Lawrence's keel was laid on 12 April 1814. The construction of the ship took a toll on British resources in the area, affecting supply levels throughout the region during the spring and summer. Projected launch dates in June, July and August were missed and in order to provide all of the gear for a ship of this size, the 74-gun ships of the line HMS Ajax (1809), HMS Centaur (1797) and HMS Warspite (1807) were stripped at Montreal and the material brought to Kingston.

St Lawrence was launched on 10 September 1814. British naval commodore Sir James Lucas Yeo commissioned her as his flagship, with Captain Frederick Hickey as Flag Captain, in the Kingston Royal Naval Dockyard in Kingston, Upper Canada. The ship cost Britain £500,000. The day after the ship's launch, an American fleet under Chauncey appeared off Kingston and offered to battle, which the British declined. The vessel did not put to sea until 16 October, making several trips around Lake Ontario. On 19 October, she was struck by lightning, damaging the mast and killing several of the crew. The Americans made an attempt to blow St Lawrence up in Kingston harbour using a "torpedo" which was much more like a floating naval mine. The British drove the attackers off before they could make a serious attempt on the vessel.

After the war ended in 1815, the ship was decommissioned. In January 1832, the hull was sold to Robert Drummond for £25. Between May and August, the hull was towed out of Navy Bay. It later formed the end of a pier attached to Morton's Brewery in Kingston and was used as a storage facility by the brewery, for cordwood among other materials. Later, it sank, or was scuttled to prevent its timbers from further decay, in 30 ft of water close to shore at 44.22056°N, -76.505°W. The vessel's remains rotted away until as of 2009, only its keel and ribs of its frame remain. The wrecksite, along with those of HMS Princess Charlotte (1814) and HMS Prince Regent (1814), were designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 2015.

Model
The Royal Military College of Canada Museum in Kingston, Ontario has a scale model of HMS St Lawrence, built by master modeller Louis Roosen.

title: HMS St Lawrence (1814)


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Ken Lovsin

Kenneth Lovsin (born December 3, 1966) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played in one National Hockey League game for the Washington Capitals during the 1990–91 NHL season against the Pittsburgh Penguins. He failed to register a point despite registering 2 shots and was -2 in the game.

He was also a member of Canada's silver medal winning team at the 1994 Lillehammer Winter Olympic Games.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Ken Lovsin


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Alluvion (Roman law)

Alluvion, is a Roman law method of acquisition of heritable property (land). The typical cause is sediment (alluvium) deposited by a river. This sediment, legally termed the accessory, accreses (i.e., merges with) a piece of land, the principal (operating a subtype of the Roman mode of acquisition by accession) and thus accedes to the ownership of the principal land over time.

It continues to have relevance in the modern age from adopting Roman property law by modern legal systems, primarily civil law jurisdictions. Scots law is a notable example of the usage of alluvion within the law of accession (accesio). Public international law also recognises the acquisition of sovereignty of virgin territory by operation of nature, such as sediment deposits, again following the Roman law principles of alluvion.

title: Alluvion (Roman law)


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Brian Lundberg

Brian Frederick Lundberg (born June 5, 1960) is a Canadian retired ice hockey player who played one game in the National Hockey League for the Pittsburgh Penguins during the 1982–83 season.

Playing career
Lundberg was born in Burnaby, British Columbia and raised in Lake Cowichan, British Columbia. Lundberg played one game for the WCHL's Seattle Breakers in 1977–78 then opted to join the University of Michigan the next season. He spent four years with the Wolverines and was taken 177th overall by the Pittsburgh Penguins in the 1980. Following his senior year in 1981–82 he saw his first action as a pro when he played a few late season games with the American Hockey League's Erie Blades. Lundberg played a game for the Penguins in 1982–83, on February 21, 1983 against the Toronto Maple Leafs, but spent most of the schedule with the Baltimore Skipjacks of the AHL. He retired in 1984 after splitting his time between the Skipjacks and the IHL's Muskegon Mohawks.

Personal life
Lundberg was raised in the small town Lake Cowichan, British Columbia. He currently resides in Honeymoon Bay, British Columbia, and is married with two daughters. In May 2014 he was inducted into the Cowichan Lake Heritage Sports Wall of Fame. He is currently a scout for the Brandon Wheat Kings of the Western Hockey League.

title: Brian Lundberg


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Antonio Abad

Antonio Abad y Mercado (May 10, 1894 – April 20, 1970) was a prominent Filipino poet, fictionist, playwright and essayist.

Personal life
Antonio Abad y Mercado was born in Barili, Cebu, under the Captaincy General of the Philippines, on 10 May 1894. He was educated at the Colegio-Seminario de San Carlos in Cebu City. He married Kampampangan teacher Jesusa Henson y Aquino., and had three sons: Gémino, Antonio Jr., and Edmundo.

Career
Abad frequently wrote in both, his native language, Cebuano, and Spanish. He was a strong advocate of the Spanish language and Hispanic-Filipino culture when it was discouraged during the American colonial period in the Philippines. Abad was one of the leading contributors of Hispanic-Filipino literature during his time, producing novels and plays criticizing the occupation of the islands by the Americans.

Throughout his life he collaborated with numerous newspapers, such as El Precursor, La Revolución, El Espectador, La Vanguardia, El Debate, La Defensa and The Cebu Advertiser. His works would later be known as part of the Golden Age of Fil-Hispanic Literature (1898-1941). Two of his novels went on to win the Premio Zóbel, the oldest literary award in the Philippines, in 1928 and 1929.

Abad taught Spanish at the Far Eastern University. In 1952, he moved to the University of the Philippines Diliman to found the Department of Spanish (now, the Department of European Languages) at the then, College of Liberal Arts. He headed the department until his retirement in 1959. One of his last works, a multilingual dictionary of Spanish, English, Cebuano, Ilocano and Kapampangan, remained unfinished after his death on 20 April 1970.

Novels

 * El Último Romántico (1928)
 * La Oveja de Nathán (1929)
 * El Campeón (1940)
 * La Vida Secreta de Daniel Espeña (1960)

Plays

 * Dagohoy, 1940 Philippine Commonwealth Literary Award.

Essays

 * De la hora Transeúnete, 1940, Philippine Commonwealth Literary Award.

title: Antonio Abad


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jack Sauer

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. Not going to userfy, since the author hasn't requested it, and hasn't edited in nearly 2 weeks. -Splash talk 00:05, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

Jack Sauer
Appears to be non-notable, possibly vanity. Ashenai (talk) 12:38, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - nn, vanity CLW 13:01, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Userfy. I am pretty sure this is done by User:Jakalsden. Jack Sauer's show, Jakal's Den may need to be userfied too. I'll see about listing it here on AfD. -- Lord Vold e  mort  (Dark Mark) 14:39, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I already AfD listed Jakal's Den before I came here...--Isotope23 20:27, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy userfy as per WP:CSD A7. ;-)  Hall Monitor 18:15, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Augurio Abeto

Augurio Marañon Abeto (January 21, 1904 – January 27, 1977) was an essayist in Hiligaynon during the Golden Age of Hiligaynon Literature. He was also a lawyer and politician, serving as a Municipal President (modern equivalent to Mayor) during 1940s and the representative for Negros Occidental's 3rd district from 1949 to 1953.

He is the composer of the Visayan song, Dalawidaw.

title: Augurio Abeto


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Talk:Careena Collins

Untitled

 * Apologies for not editing the article to remove the AFD tag after I'd closed the discussion. The page wouldn't load. The Land 10:45, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Careena Collins


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Martin Abellana

Martin Abellana (1904–1989) was a Filipino Visayan writer. He was a teacher by profession. In the years 1956 to 1958, he was president of the LUDABI, a group of writers in Cebuano. His novels are characterized by a concern for the working class. Abellana is one of the Cebuano writers featured by National Artist Resil Mojares in his 1975 book “Cebuano Literature.”

Novels

 * Kaulit sa Kalipay
 * Ang Kalayo sa Sulad
 * Tulisok sa Tanlag
 * Basuni sa Katingala
 * Awit sa Gugma
 * Kinabuhi

title: Martin Abellana


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Onofre Abellanosa

Onofre Abellanosa June 12 1913 (1913 – 1974) was a Filipino Visayan writer of short stories and plays.

Known works

 * Ang Kagabhion (short story), published in Bisaya, 1946.
 * Floriki (play), 1930.
 * Gahom sa Latigo (play), 1965.

title: Onofre Abellanosa


text: User:Exir Kamalabadi/E

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Ramón D. Abellanosa

Ramón D. Abellanosa born as Ramón Abasolo Abellanosa, (August 31, 1904 – March 22, 1984) was a Filipino Visayan political journalist, minor politician, businessman, and writer. He was best known for his plays. He was the son of Baldomero Abellanosa and brother of Onofre. He was journalist at the Philippine Advertiser and Ang Tigmantala. Among his positions in 1940s were Member of the City Board and Acting Vice Mayor of Cebu City and editor of the Philippine Newsday and Pilipinhon. On April 13, 1959, he was responsible for the city ordinance No. 252 regulating one-way traffic for certain streets from 6AM to 9AM and also No. 251 which regulated the activities of passenger dispatchers and their licensing fees.

A road in Sunrise Village, Pardo, Cebu City is named in his honor.

Plays

 * Ganghaan sa Lubong, 1926.
 * Binuno sa Palad, 1926.
 * Doring

title: Ramón D. Abellanosa


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Senda Berenson Abbott

Senda Berenson Abbott (March 19, 1868 – February 16, 1954) was a figure of women's basketball and the author of the first Basketball Guide for Women (1901–07). She was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame as a contributor on July 1, 1985, the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 1987, and the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in 1999.

Berenson was the first person to introduce and adapt rules for women's basketball to Smith College in 1899, modifying the existing men's rules.

Abbott was the sister of the art historian Bernard Berenson and a great-great-aunt of Berry Berenson and Marisa Berenson.

Family
Abbott was born as Senda Valvrojenski to Albert Valvrojenski and Judith Valvrojenski (née Mickleshanski) in Butrimonys, Vilna Governorate, Russian Empire to a Lithuanian Jewish family, who would immigrate to the United States when she was seven years old. Her older brother was Bernard Berenson, and she would later have another younger brother and two younger sisters. Her father Albert grew up following an educational track of classical Jewish learning and contemplated becoming a rabbi. However, he became a practitioner of Haskalah, a European movement which advocated more integration of Jews into secular society. After his home and lumber business were burned to the ground, he lived with his more traditionalist in-laws who pressured him to enroll Bernard with a Hebrew and Aramaic tutor. He decided to move to the United States to raise his family according to his own beliefs, moving alone in 1874 to the West End of Boston. He became a "poor peddler of pots and pans", selling his wares in nearby towns. Albert changed his surname to Berenson soon after his arrival as part of his "Westernization". After months of work, he sent for his family in 1875.

Albert insisted that the family speak only English, stopped attending synagogue, and attempted to sever ties to their Jewish traditions. Despite this, his children did not fully abandon their faith. Bernard described himself as Jewish and continued to practice some rituals, though he did not have a Bar Mitzvah. The family had moved to a section of Boston with almost fifty families from their original neighborhood, some of whom were relatives, so they grew up with religious influences. After her brother attended the Boston Latin School, he moved to Cambridge to prepare to enroll at Harvard. Since she and her brother were close, Senda spent part of her mid-teens in Cambridge. Following his graduation from Harvard, Bernard moved to Europe, eventually settling in Italy, where he began a career as an art critic.

Early life
Senda did not have much interest in athletics as a child and preferred music, literature, and art. She was "frail and delicate" in her childhood, which interfered with her schooling. She was partially home-schooled by her father and attended Boston Latin Academy (then known as Girl's Latin School), but did not graduate. She briefly attended the Boston Conservatory of Music, but health issues forced her to leave the school. She had tried painting and the piano, but her health limited both; she was unable to keep up the practice. Senda moved out of the house and began a relationship with a man named David. However, Bernard was not yet self-sufficient, and Senda would send him money on a regular basis. She ended up moving back home, for what were "probably economic reasons". The relationship with David was serious enough to prompt a proposal of marriage, but Senda declined and they amicably ended their relationship near the end of 1888.

Her health continued to deteriorate, forcing her to give up her piano lessons at the Conservatory due to her back problems. She slowed her writing to her brother, who worried about her health, and urged her to take a summer in the country. That refreshed her temporarily and she re-enrolled at the Conservatory, but she was unable to keep it up, and fell into a long depression that extended into 1890.

Boston Normal School of Gymnastics
Mary Hemenway was a philanthropist in Boston who had many interests, both within Boston and elsewhere. In 1867, Hemenway was funding many Reconstruction Era schools in the South, where she met Amy Morris Homans, a nineteen-year old who had traveled to work in the schools. When Hemenway returned to Boston, Homans returned with her as her executive secretary. In 1887, Hemenway founded the Boston Normal School of Cooking. The following year, she provided instruction to one hundred Boston school teachers in a system of gymnastics education known as the Swedish system. At the time, the predominant form of physical education was a German style of gymnastics, with an emphasis on strength training and competitiveness. In 1889, Hemenway funded and Homans arranged a conference on physical training, which had national influence on the course of physical education in schools. The conference "is considered by most historians to be pivotal in the development of American physical education". In that same year, Hemenway created the Boston Normal School of Gymnastics with Homans as its first director. The school drew faculty from several resources, including the Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics, founded by Pehr Henrik Ling in Sweden, as well as faculty from Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Psychology was taught by Harvard's Josiah Royce. Later, the school would become Department of Hygiene and Physical Education at Wellesley College.

Berenson learned about the School of Gymnastics from a friend and decided to enroll briefly to improve her physical condition so that she could return to the Conservatory. However, the entrance requirements included high school graduation or equivalent, and Berenson hadn't graduated from Boston Latin Academy. In addition, the entrants were expected to be in satisfactory physical condition, which was not Berenson's case. Berenson met with Homans, and Homans took a liking to her and felt that her physical condition could be improved and that the result might serve as a testament to the school's approach. Homans decided to admit Berenson. The school offered a two-tier teacher training course and a one-year certificate course; Berenson enrolled in the one-year program.

Berenson's start was inauspicious. Years later she would exclaim "how I hated that school for the first few months!". She wasn't interested in the gymnastics work, as the exercises made her "ache all over". Early on, just standing erect for five minutes forced her to lie down, and she found she had to study lying on her back. She decided to give the exercises a "fair trial", and she saw improvement in three months. By the end of the year, she was doing the prescribed two hours a day of exercise and felt much better. Her brother was disappointed to hear that she had not returned to the Conservatory but did not fully comprehend how much she had improved at the gymnastics school. Berenson decided to enroll at the school for a second year.

Smith College—initial hiring
Berenson's condition improved so markedly that Homans sent her to the elementary school in Andover to teach the headmaster and faculty about the Swedish theory of gymnastics. Berenson made twice-weekly visits to the school. This first attempt at teaching proved so successful that, when Homans learned of a temporary opening due to the illness of a teacher at Smith College, she recommended that Berenson consider it, even though she had not completed her second year. The previous gymnastics instructor had been Grace Watson, another Boston Normal School of Gymnastics alumna who had started there in 1891 to head the Swedish gymnastics program. Miss Watson left Smith in January 1892 as a result of an illness, and died November 24, 1892. Berenson would later be described as a "missionary" referring to her strong support for the inclusion of physical education in the lives of the students. This characterization was intriguing for two reasons:

 * 1) less than two years earlier, her physical condition would not even permit her to play the piano for long stretches
 * 2) her position was expected to be temporary, making it all that more unusual that she would push her beliefs so forcefully.

Perhaps her own improvement, which she attributed to the Swedish gymnastics, led her to the belief that her experience could be transferred to others. She promoted physical education outside of Smith College as well. The local high school, Northampton High School, experimented with the Swedish system of gymnastics under her direction in 1892. She also introduced Swedish exercise and games such as basketball to the inmates at the Northampton Lunatic Asylum. Berenson arrived at a school with well-equipped facilities. The school had recently completed the Alumnae Gymnasium in 1890, which provided some of the best facilities in the country for college women. Although the physical facilities were in fine shape, the notion that women should engage in physical exercise, much less be required to do so, was not then well-established. The prevailing atmosphere did not support the notion that women should engage in physical activity. Berenson would write, in 1894,

"Until recent years, the so-called ideal woman was a small waisted, small footed, small brained damsel, who prided herself on her delicate health, who thought fainting interesting, and hysterics fascinating."

Berenson sought to establish mandatory physical education in this atmosphere. She spent considerable time presenting her position to the faculty and administration. One meeting began with only one faculty member in agreement, but by the meeting's end, she had persuaded the faculty to support a mandatory second year of physical education. While Berenson saw the need to persuade the faculty, she naively thought the students were more supportive. She had heard that some of the students felt the exercises were too boring, but she had six classes each day filled with "enthusiastic girls". Because of the evident enthusiasm, she decided it would not be necessary to take attendance. However, when she reached the end of the school year and was provided a complete roster for the purpose of recording grades, she realized that many students had never come to class. She instituted roll call the following year.

Women's basketball origins
Known as the Mother of Women's Basketball, Berenson became the first woman enshrined in the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1985. In 1892, after Berenson realized that the gymnastic exercises were not as popular as she had originally thought, she looked for alternatives. She read about the new game of basketball, invented by James Naismith, in the YMCA publication Physical Education. Group games were "unheard of" at Smith, but she felt this would be an interesting experiment. Other attempts at teaching games had not succeeded, in part because the women of that time had no experience with team play. Initial games were played in class in the spring of 1892. The exact date of the first informal game is not known, but one student wrote to her mother on March 6, 1892, describing a new game they were playing, in which the object was to put a ball into your opponent's basket, as "great fun". Instead of the peach baskets used in the first men's game, the goals in the first women's game were fashioned from waste baskets.

The response was so positive that she scheduled a game between the freshman and sophomore classes. That game, played March 22, 1893, was also played with Naismith rules. The players wore bloomers, and no men were admitted to the event. The players all wore blue uniforms, adorned by an armband with the color associated with their class. The spectators wore the class colors, green for the sophomore class of 1895, and lavender, for the freshman class of 1896. When Berenson tossed the ball between the two opposing centers, she struck the outstretched arm of the freshman team's center, dislocating her shoulder. The start of this game was delayed while they attended to the distressed player and arranged for a substitute. The New York Herald reported five days later that "[i]n spite of the fact that the sophomore captain was disabled at the beginning of the game, the score was 5-4 in favor of the sophomores after a close contest of two 15-minute halves."

Despite her unflagging efforts to support physical education for young women, Berenson did not encourage inter-scholastic games. In her words, "We should encourage the instinct of play, not competition." This set a precedent for the non-participation in interscholastic events which would be followed for many years. While competition with other schools was discouraged, she did promote competition among classes and established a tradition of interclass games. The atmosphere at the games was noisy, but enthusiasm was expressed by singing. Shouting would result in the discontinuance of the game.

Berenson had introduced the game as an experiment, so she sought to determine how the students reacted to the game. She polled her students, and all but one felt they had improved in many areas, including "endurance, lung capacity, alertness, courage, [and] toughness". One student reported that the game brought her "health, wealth and happiness", the second of which was attributed to lower doctor bills. The early game followed different rules than are followed today, as evidenced by a play dreamed up by one of the freshmen on the first teams:

"She threw a low ball against the wall at such an angle that it bounded back into the hands of one of her own players who was watching for it"

Modifying the rules
Berenson was pleased with the reception to the game but felt some changes were needed. She thought the game had a "tendency to roughness", so she sat down with her class to discuss how to modify the rules. She divided the court into three regions and prohibited players from leaving their assigned region. Players could not dribble more than three times, hold the ball for more than three seconds, or snatch the ball from an opponent.

The Division of Girls' and Women's Sports of the American Association for Health, Physical Education and Recreation felt the need for a written set of rules specifically applicable to the women's game and asked Berenson to undertake a publication outlining the rules. Berenson formalized her rules into a set of official rules – Line Basketball or Basket Ball for Women, often referred to as Basket Ball for Women. In 1901, the Spalding Library published the rules with Berenson as editor and would continue to publish them for eighteen years. Berenson organized the United States Basket Ball Committee in 1905, where she served as chairman until 1917. The rules would remain in use with only minor modification until the 1960s.

Views on basketball
Berenson viewed the sport as "a complete educational experience" and did not allow players to play if they failed in subjects; the importance of education was paramount. Players were required to wear their hair in braids or ribbons to maintain a tidy appearance. In addition to physical development, she felt the game helped players develop intellectually and emotionally via decision making and the following of the rules. She encouraged her students to suggest alternative rules or different methods of play to improve the game. She encouraged responsibility by naming captains, who helped serve as coaches for the players.

Smith College — subsequent years
Berenson was the physical education department director at Smith College.

At the end of her first year, Berenson was invited to return to Smith in fall when her original, temporary position was made permanent. With the expectation of a future income, plus a financial contribution from her brother Bernard whom she hadn't seen for several years, she decided to spend the summer in Europe to visit him. Bernard initially discouraged her visit, because he was in a relationship with a married woman, Mary Costelloe. His concerns were apt; the visit was strained whenever Mary was present, but Bernard took pleasure in showing his sister around Europe and introducing her to his friends. When Berenson returned, she continued to develop her gymnastics program as the Instructor in Gymnastics but pursued other interests with the aid of a part-time assistant. She had visited a number of art galleries during her summer with Bernard, and she keep up her interest in art. She corresponded with Bernard regularly, who was happy to hear of her interest in art. He was not yet convinced that her career in gymnastics was wise, hoping that she would abandon it for a career in art. Berenson wrote often about art, partly to show Bernard she could keep up with him intellectually. She did not emphasize her work, although she did send him a picture of herself in her gymnastics outfit. She was also involved in campus theater, starting with play reading and continuing with appearances in several plays. She played the lead role in a William Dean Howells play Unexpected Guest, which was so well-received, they performed it a second time.

Berenson attended the Royal Central Institute of Gymnastic in Stockholm and organized the Gymnastics and Field Association at Smith in 1893. After her return from Stockholm, she started a folk dance program at Smith and introduced fencing to the school in 1895. In 1901, she introduced field hockey with the help of Lady Constance Applebee of England. She later also adapted volleyball for women.

In 1911, she married a professor of English at Smith, Herbert Vaughan Abbott. Soon afterward, Berenson resigned from her position, although she continued her interest in sport by serving as the Director of Physical Education at the Mary A. Burham School located in Northampton, Massachusetts. Senda Berenson died in Santa Barbara, California, on February 16, 1954.

title: Senda Berenson Abbott


text:
Victorina A. Abellanosa

Victorina A. Abellanosa (1903 – 1968) was a Cebuano dramatist.

Plays
(mostly zarzuelas)
 * Ninoy
 * Marti
 * King Solomon

title: Victorina A. Abellanosa


text:
Pedro Acerden

Pedro Acerden is a Filipino zarzuela playwright who writes in the Waray language.

title: Pedro Acerden


text:
Cuphea

Cuphea is a genus containing about 260 species of annual and perennial flowering plants native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the Americas. The species range from low-growing herbaceous plants to semi-woody shrubs up to 2 m tall. Commonly they are known as cupheas, or, in the case of some species, as cigar plants. The generic name is derived from the Greek word κυφος (kyphos), meaning "bent," "curved," or "humped."

Uses
Several Cuphea species are popular ornamental plants or honey plants. C. ignea 'David Verity' and C. micropetalia are popular plants to attract hummingbirds.

Some species of Cuphea are used to produce cuphea oil, of interest as sources of medium-chain triglycerides. For most purposes, cuphea oil is identical to coconut oil and palm oil; these are derived from strictly tropical plants however and – particularly in the latter case – the expanding production of which has caused a considerable amount of habitat destruction. Cuphea may thus produce a valuable source of income for farmers in temperate regions, and by supplementing coconut and palm oil to satisfy the growing demand (e.g. for biodiesel production) at the same time decreasing the need for wholesale logging in tropical countries. Early attempts at commercial production have focused on an interspecific hybrid population derived from C. lanceolata and Clammy Cuphea (C. viscosissima).

Cuphea has also been shown to improve agricultural crops in North America when used in crop rotation. Crop rotation is commonly practiced among farmers to improve soil quality, control host-specific pests, and decrease the use of fertilizers and pesticides. When cuphea was introduced into the crop rotation of corn and wheat, scientists from the Agricultural Research Service of the USDA found that the addition of cuphea had positive effects on the following harvest, including a higher yield of crop and crops that are higher in protein. Such research reveals how cuphea can be used in agriculture to increase the profitability of crops like wheat and corn.

The seed oils of some species are very rich in one particular fatty acid. C. painteri oil, for example, is about three-quarters caprylic acid; C. carthagenensis oil consists of about 80% lauric acid. C. koehneana oil may be the richest natural source of a single fatty acid, with 95% of its content consisting of capric acid. Currently the plant is not commonly used for medicinal effects; however, chemical analysis of its fatty oils suggest the plant could possibly serve as an algicidal, fungicidal or antibiotic agent. There is also reason to believe the plant could be effective as an appetite stimulant.

Selected species

 * Cuphea aspera Chapman
 * Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F.MacBr.
 * Cuphea cyanea DC.
 * Cuphea decandra W.T.Aiton
 * Cuphea elegans
 * Cuphea epilobiifolia
 * Cuphea hookeriana Walp.
 * Cuphea hyssopifolia Kunth – false heather, Mexican heather
 * Cuphea ignea A.DC.
 * Cuphea ingrata Cham. et Schltdl.
 * Cuphea jorullensis Kunth
 * Cuphea koehneana Rose
 * Cuphea laminuligera Koehne
 * Cuphea lanceolata W.T.Aiton
 * Cuphea linarioides Cham. et Schltdl.
 * Cuphea llavea Lex. – bat-faced cuphea
 * Cuphea lutea Rose
 * Cuphea lutescens Hoehne
 * Cuphea melvilla Lindl.
 * Cuphea mesostemon Koehne
 * Cuphea micropetala Kunth
 * Cuphea nudicostata
 * Cuphea oreophila
 * Cuphea painteri Rose
 * Cuphea parsonsia (L.) R.Br. ex Steud. – island wax weed
 * Cuphea procumbens Ortega
 * Cuphea salvadorensis Standl.
 * Cuphea speciosa Mart.
 * Cuphea strigulosa
 * Cuphea viscosissima Jacq. – clammy cuphea, blue waxweed, tarweed
 * Cuphea wrightii A.Gray

title: Cuphea


text:
Ruperto Alaura

Ruperto Alaura is a Cebuano writer. He was a LUDABI prize winner in 1961.

Short stories

 * Usa ka Hataas nga Gabii (A Long Night), published in Bisaya Magasin in 1961.
 * Mga Pugas nga Bulawan (Seeds of Gold), published in Bag-ong Suga.
 * Ang Damgo (The Dream), published in Silaw.
 * Sukod (Measure), published in Bag-ong Suga.

title: Ruperto Alaura


text:
Poplar grey

The poplar grey (Acronicta megacephala) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found throughout Europe.

Technical description and variation
A. megacephala F. (3b). Forewing pale grey, suffused with dark, except in a patch beyond cell hindwing white in male, greyer in female. Larva dark grey, with granulated yellowish dots ; segment 11 with a large yellowish-white dorsal patch ; the hairs, which rise singly, whitish : head black with pale — In grumi Alph. the forewing is narrower, the space between inner line and median shade conspicuously whitish; this form is found in West China. — ab. ochrea Tutt has the ground colour distinctly ochreous; while in ab. rosea Tutt the forewing is rosy-tinged.

Melanic forms sometimes occur. The wingspan is 40–45 mm.

Biology
This moth flies at night from May to August and is attracted to light and sugar.

The hairy larva is grey with black and red markings and a white patch towards the rear. It feeds on poplars and willows and sometimes on grey alder. The species overwinters as a pupa.

 * 1) The flight season refers to the British Isles. This may vary in other parts of the range.

title: Poplar grey


text: Template:Cambridgeshire-geo-stub

title: Template:Cambridgeshire-geo-stub


text:
Talk:The heartless bastards

Felt like doing this
I don't think I did a great job with this article, but it is my first try, and I'm working with a subject that really doesn't have a whole lot to be said about. I might do an article later on their record, too. Basically, I just really love this band right now, so figured I'd write an article about them. Feel free to edit all you want.Tiamatty 12:43, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:The heartless bastards


text:
Erlinda K. Alburo

Erlinda Kintanar Alburo is a prolific contemporary Cebuano language scholar and promoter of the language. She is the former Director of the Cebuano Studies Center of the University of San Carlos, Philippines. She is an active member of Women in Literary Arts (WILA), and writes poetry both in English and cebuano. She teaches on the anthropology of linguistics. She has written 54 works in 4 languages.

Career
In 2012, Dr. Kintanar-Alburo was honored at the 79th NRCP Awards for her contributions to cultural research of literature, folklore, linguistics, and history of the Philippines.

Works

 * On Cebuano Folklore, by Erlinda Kintanar-Alburo. 2016
 * Bisayangdako: Writing Cebuano Culture and Arts. 2015
 * Cebu Provincial History Project. Cluster 1 editor
 * Sinug-ang: A Cebuano trio, by Erlinda K. Alburo, Cora Almerio, and Ester Tapia. Women in Literary Arts-Cebu, Inc., 1999. Poems in English by three Cebuanas.
 * Dulaang Cebuano, edited by Erlinda K. Alburo, Resil Mojares, and Don Pagusara. Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1993. Collection of Cebuano plays.
 * Panulaang Cebuano, collected by Erlinda K. Alburo and with introduction by Resil B. Mojares. Ateneo de Manila University Press, 1993. Collection of Cebuano poems.
 * Bibliography of Cebuano folklore, University of San Carlos, 1977.
 * Cebuano poetry = Sugboanong balak. Edited and translated by Erlinda K. Alburo et al. Cebuano Studies Center, University of San Carlos, 1988. Cebuano poetry with translations into English.
 * Centering voices: an anthology. Edited by Erlinda K. Alburo, Erma M. Cuizon and Ma. Paloma A. Sandiego. Women in Literary Arts, 1995. Poems and short stories in English and Tagalog.
 * Bibliography of Cebuano Folklore. 1979
 * Cebuano folksongs. Editor/translator, Erlinda K. Alburo. University of San Carlos, 1978.
 * Gawad Bonifacio sa panitikan. Editor for Cebuano. National Commission for Culture and the Arts, 1998. Collection of Philippines literature about Bonifacio.
 * Cebu: more than an island. Essays on cultural topics by Resil B. Mojares, Reina-Marie C. Bernaldez, Raymund L. Fernandez, Erlinda K. Alburo, Melva R. Java, Jovi and Ma. Cristina Juan, Reynaldo E. Martires, Erma M. Cuizon, and Jenara R. Newman. Ayala Foundation, 1997.

title: Erlinda K. Alburo


text:
Sinforosa Alcordo

Sinforosa Alcordo was a Cebuano fiction writer during the pre-War era.

title: Sinforosa Alcordo


text:
Formula-G

Formula-G or Turkish Solar Car Grand Prix is a solar car championship. The last race was done in Ankara, Turkey in 2007. The first and second positions in this year was held by the teams of Istanbul Technical University. The third place was held by Sakarya University. The 2005 and 2006 races were both held in Istanbul Park, Turkey, the former being held on 30 August.

Results
SOCRATR from Istanbul University have won the race in 2009.

Competing teams

 * Istanbul Technical University
 * İYTE Formula
 * Middle East Technical University Robot Society Formula
 * Sakarya University
 * Kocaeli University Mechatronics Engineering
 * Yildiz Technical University
 * Ankara University
 * Middle East Technical University Robot Society
 * Atılım University Solar Car Team

title: Formula-G


text:
Jacinto Alcos

Jacinto Alcos is a pre-Second World War Cebuano writer.

Novel

 * Handurawan (Recollections), an escapist adventure novel.

title: Jacinto Alcos


text:
Calabozo

Calabozo, officially Villa de Todos los Santos de Calabozo, is a city in Venezuela located in Guárico state, capital of the Francisco de Miranda Municipality and former capital of the state. It has a population of 168,605, according to the National Institute of Statistics (INE) in 2020. It is located in the center-west of Guárico state, and is one of the main rice producers in the country. In addition, it has the largest irrigation system in Venezuela.

Calabozo, is a mostly colonial city and is linked to its modern urban areas, being the largest colonial center in the country, and is located at 105 m a.s.l. n. m., at the margin of the Guárico River in the high central plain. Its location is on the banks of the Generoso Campilongo Dam, an important work both in its time and today, being the largest in Venezuela and one of the largest in Latin America. It is also the seat of the Roman Catholic archdiocese of Calabozo.

Geography
Calabozo is situated in the midst of an extensive llano on the left bank of the Guárico River, on low ground, 325 feet above sea-level and 123 miles S.S.W. of Caracas. The plain lies slightly above the level of intersecting rivers and is frequently flooded in the rainy season; in summer the heat is most oppressive, the average daily temperature being around 31 degrees Celsius.

In its vicinity are thermal springs. The principal occupation of its inhabitants is cattle-raising. The town is well built, regularly laid out with streets crossing at right angles, and possesses several fine old churches, a college and public school. It is a place of considerable commercial importance because of its situation in the midst of a rich cattle-raising country.

Climate
The climate is typical of the geographical area, typical of the plains, with an average annual temperature of 27.5 °C; a monthly maximum of 34.4 °C and a minimum of 20 °C. There are two well-differentiated climatic periods: the dry period between the months of November to May and the rainy period between the months of May to October. The months where the temperature is higher and the suffocating heat are: March and April and October and November.

History
It is believed to have been an Indian town originally, and was made a town as one of the trading stations of the Compañía Guipuzcoana de Caracas in 1730. However, like most Venezuelan towns, Calabozo made little growth during the 19th century. In 1820 the Spanish forces under Francisco Tomás Morales were defeated here by the revolutionists under Simón Bolívar and José Antonio Páez.

Economy
The waters of Calabozo have accumulated large numbers of Caribbean fish, this book changed the economic face of Calabozo happened to become the pilot site of a complex agricultural economy.

Agriculture
The irrigation system has encouraged the cultivation of rice, maize, pulses, snuff, tomatoes, paprika, cotton and cassava among others such as hunting and herding.

Livestock
Cattle farming predominates and has encouraged the planting of grass in large areas as feed. Beyond its use as meat, livestock is mostly used for milk. In fact, Calabozo is one of the nation's main producers of cheese, widely considered Venezuela's best.

Sites of interest
Guarico Reservoir: serves as an irrigation system for an extensive rice-growing area, where it is known as the Guárico River Irrigation System. This system is also used to control floods caused by extreme rainfall in the low plains or in the southern zone. Inaugurated in 1957 by President Marcos Pérez Jiménez, it is the largest reservoir made in Venezuela.

Aguaro-Guariquito National Park: a protected area, with the status of a national park.

Notable people

 * Filiberto Rodríguez Motamayor (1867–1915), writer, lawyer and poet
 * Antonio Estévez (1916-1988), musician, composer and conductor.
 * Brusdar Graterol (1998–), pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball

title: Calabozo


text:
Temistokles Adlawan

Temistokles Adlawan was a Cebuano poet and short story writer who often writes with irreverent humor usually associated with Cebuano folk. Some of his writings expresses a greater sensitivity to gender issues.

He is a Bathalan-ong Halad sa Dagang (BATHALAD) member and is active in writers' workshops sponsored by the Women in Literary Arts (WILA) and the Cebuano Studies Center of the University of San Carlos, Cebu City.

Poetry

 * Lili (Peep), 1987.
 * Mamamasol

Short Story

 * Ang Gidak-on sa Dagat, 1966.

Awards and recognition

 * Posthumous award, Bathalan-ong Halad sa Dagang (Bathalad) Sugbo, August 24, 2019
 * Taboan literary award, National Committee on Literary Arts, February 12, 2010
 * 2nd CCP Literature grant for the short story entitled Tingog sa Kitarang Bagol and Program, Cultural Center of the Philippines, February 28, 1989

title: Temistokles Adlawan


text:
Talk:Atticus Finch

Milton Dees
Milton Dees is quoted as saying he became a lawyer because of Atticus Finch. As our English friends would say, "not bloody likely." Dees was graduated from the University of Alabama Law School in 1960, the year the book was published. Dees' decision to become a lawyer obviously occurred a few years before the book was published.John Paul Parks (talk) 02:09, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

Leonardo2505:
-I chose to make Atticus Finch as a separate article because of his signifigance as a literary hero.

-I agree. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.4.27.147 (talk) 02:08, 15 January 2009 (UTC)

Perhaps if there were articles about each of the characters, then they could be merged as well into the article.

To merge or not to merge, that is the question

 * Merge I agree, this page should merged back into the To Kill a Mockingbird article. --Typer525 Talk Click here at your own risk 02:26, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Strong Agree The article does not benefit by being seperate from the artice To Kill A Mockingbird and should therefore be merged. Ed 10:12, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I disagree--Atticus Finch is an important figure in literature. I say he should most definately have his own page. Maybe I should stand guard against his page to make sure its not deleted without an unfair trial! :-) --68.154.71.137 05:27, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Oppose Atticus is an important literary figure, and he is studied in many classrooms (my class just wrapped up our "To Kill A Mockingbird" unit last week). The page also has enough content to merit it's own article; like Harry Potter or Eragon. --Hojimachongtalk 05:30, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Also disagree I think Atticus Finch deserves his own page. Besides being a highly prominent character in American literature, he is also a classic hero in American Film. if you look at the AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes and Villains page, almost single character has a link to their own page. Atticus is the #1 hero; he should have a page of his own as well. Hundreds of literary protagonists have their own pages, too, like Holden Caulfield, Scarlett O'Hara, Gregor Samsa-- even Humbert Humbert from Lolita! If there's something more that should be added to make this page more substantial, add it, but don't take away the page! --David_Costello 17:21, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Merge As popular a character as Finch is, he exists in a single novel, To Kill a Mockingbird. Is the character taken up as a subject in any source except in the context of the novel? Most of the information on the Finch page duplicates what's on the Mockingbird page. Put everything about Finch on the Mockingbird page and make the Finch page redirect to Mockingbird. (I think the individual pages for all the characters David Costello mentions should be merged into the pages for their respective novels, but I will start with the merge template with Atticus whom I care about.) --Meyer 07:47, 1 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Merge As important as Atticus is in the story of To Kill a Mockingbird, he exists only in the book and movie and the pages should be combined.

 * Yes, but... Meyer has some good points, but does this article really just repeat what it already says in To Kill A Mockingbird? I don't think so: it provides information on Atticus' literary importance, the film version of Atticus and notes on the actor who played him, and information on the inspiration for the character, none of which appears in the book article. Granted, there are some things in References in Popular Culture that were borrowed from the book page, but I just put those in there to get other people interested in contributing anything I may have missed. Though confined to just one book, Atticus is a very unique character in American literature, and an article focusing exclusively on him would be a useful encyclopedic tool for literary students who don't yet know of his importance. --David_Costello 15:50, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Don't merge. Besides, it would be useful to have a page on Atticus Finch that does not give away the ending of the book/movie, so that anybody who wants to learn about Atticus himself will not have to have the plot spoiled for them.

 * The Mockingbird article could definitely use improvement, like spoiler tags around the plot details section. --Meyer 07:04, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Oppose per Hojimachong. 1ne 05:49, 4 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Don't Merge He is one of the most famous literary figures in the western world, he most certainly deserves his own article. I do think that this article needs a to be greatly improved. A lot of this information is similar to information on the other page, and that should change.Darkcraft 12:31, 4 March 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't know about deserving an article, but if there were more solid information dealing with Atticus independently of either the book or the film I might change my mind about merging.--Meyer 07:04, 5 March 2007 (UTC)

 * (WP:FICT has guidelines on this issue. It boils down to Atticus should be covered on the Mockingbird book and film pages unless there is so much material about him it makes one of the main pages too long, in which case he can get his own page. I challenge those of you who oppose the merge to beef-up this page as Darkcraft suggests (with good info. and not garbage) until there is too much good stuff to fit on the Mockingbird page. Then there would be no reason to merge it. --Meyer 07:40, 5 March 2007 (UTC))
 * That can be arranged: Give me through the weekend and I can probably do that. --David_Costello 15:50, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Oppose Simply ridiculous.--Herbsewell 20:12, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

Oppose - Atticus Finch is not only a character in To Kill A Mockingbird, it's what he stands for that is important, so therefore he is more than a character, and seeing as this is an encyclopedia, it needs to have a seperate page for Atticus.--Bennelmes 21:27, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Oppose. Atticus is not simply a character in To Kill a Mockingbird, he is an iconic figure in American literature.  bibliomaniac 1  5  03:02, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Oppose I don't know if there is much of a novel without Atticus Finch. DandyDan2007 00:16, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Oppose. Again, Atticus is a big-deal cultural figure who gets referenced all the time. Users might well have reason to learn directly about who Atticus is apart from their interest in Lee's novel, and discussion or mention of Atticus's cultural status and reception might be interesting and appropriate here, but significantly less appropriate in the discussion page for the book. (And, hey, if obscure Sonic the Hedgehog characters have their own Wikipedia entries, surely classic literary characters get them, too!) 152.2.205.209 00:43, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

 * The standard for whether or not a fictional character should have its own WP page is not fame or literary significance or the existence of pages for unrelated silly characters. The standard is whether or not there is too much encyclopedia-quality information about the character assembled on WP to fit comfortably on the page for the literary work in which the character appears. Right now the Atticus Finch page is no more than a stub if you subtract unencyclopedic material and information that belongs on either the book or the film page. All your opposition to the page merge would carry a lot more weight if you spent even half the time you are now using posting oppose votes here in making improvements to the page. Prove your love for Atticus by making a page worthy of him. (Which page should be Mockingbird, I still think.) --Meyer 03:57, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Oppose The fact that he is considered number one by AFI's 100 Years... 100 Heroes and Villains entitles him to a page of his own. Granted, reading through his article there is probably some things that can be trimmed. But certainly he is a notable character from To Kill a Mockingbird, and I would argue the only one notable enough to deserve an article. b_cubed 20:57, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

I count four votes in favor of merging and 12 in opposition. Seeing that the two-weeks time (as alotted for such decisions) has expired since the bulk of the voting, this matter officially closed. As the opinion is decidedly against such a merger, Atticus Finch will not be merged into To Kill a Mockingbird. b_cubed 11:18, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

I THINK THAT ATTICUS IS AN EXTREMELY IMPORTANT FIGURE IN LITERAURE BECAUSE HE STANDS UP FOR MORAL COURAGE AND DOING THE RIGHT THING, EVEN THOUGH HE KNEW OF THE CONCEQUENCES

 * Comment Firstly, this should go to an AfD. Secondly, this article reeks of WP:WAX, senitment, and promises of content. Tar7arus 16:14, 12 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Strongly Oppose - Atticus was mentioned as part of To Kill a Mockingbirds summary on the Main Page. Plus, there is a whole cited' section concerning this fictitious character's impact on the judicial world. He is notable enough to merit his own article. If Charizard could become FA, Atticus can have his own article.--haha169 (talk) 05:20, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Strongly oppose merge as well per User_talk:Pixelface, i.e. one of the most significant heroes of literature and film. Sincerely, --A NobodyMy talk 18:37, 27 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Oppose Atticus Finch is one of the most important figures in American literature, the themes he stands for are extremely important and his character deserves the emphasis of having its own page. . User:One1111 12:22, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Weak Oppose: While I understand why one would want to merge the two, Atticus truly is a notable character, and has indeed become part of Western popular culture. Celestialwarden11 (talk) 19:28, 13 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Strong Oppose: Atticus Finch is a major literary and cinematic character whose notability is so entrenched that he is taught about in law classes. If Indiana Jones warrants his own article, so does Atticus Finch (who was voted a more popular hero, after all).  If you can't do justice to Atticus Finch within the basic format of the Characters section of To Kill a Mockingbird, which you can't, then he needs his own page. This is an informative page that should not be pared away for the simple expedience of merging; struggle for more reliable, sourced information, not less.  The Cap'n (talk)  —Preceding undated comment added 23:11, 1 April 2011 (UTC).

"Completely abstains from violence"
I think it's a little misleading to say that Atticus completely abstains from violence--after all, he shoots the rabid dog and breaks his glasses while doing so, in a scene that has been interpreted (I think by Lisa Simpson, though I can't find a quotation) as an allegorical representation of the violence inherent even in the most civilized of us. Moreover, some people might think that killing an animal--even a rabid one--is a violent act.

The above is certainly true, but the novel goes to lengths to demonstrate that Atticus doesn't enjoy causing violence (even though he's said to be quite handy with a firearm) and only consents to killing the dog when it's clear there's no other practical solution. He keeps his impressive shooting abilities on the DL for similar reasons. I can't remember if it's an explicit attempt on his part to attempt to en-culture an attitude of nonviolence in his progeny, though. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.38.224.139 (talk) 16:32, 20 May 2014 (UTC)

(Interestingly, too, George Bailey only abstains from violence because he *can't*, right--he had that problem with his lung he got after saving his brother as a youth, giving the *brother* a chance to become a war hero!)

(But this is a quibble; certainly the spirit of the paragraph is apt.) 152.2.205.209 00:44, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

LEGAL TIMES capitalization?
should "Legal Times" be in all caps? because its not capitalized here http://www.mondotimes.com/1/world/us/51/474/6775 although im not sure its the same magazine 24.17.211.150 (talk) 07:19, 14 January 2010 (UTC)

I'm not sure, either, sorry... ^_^ Celestialwarden11 (talk) 19:28, 13 February 2010 (UTC)

Harper Lee's watch
According to the current text, Peck wore Harper Lee's father's watch during the courtroom scenes. The dvd commentary says it was a comparable watch, but not the same. Does this qualify as a good source? 62.131.103.236 (talk) 09:34, 3 May 2010 (UTC)

RfC
An RfC: Which descriptor, if any, can be added in front of Southern Poverty Law Center when referenced in other articles? has been posted at the Southern Poverty Law Center talk page. Your participation is welcomed. – MrX 16:31, 22 September 2012 (UTC)

Go Set a Watchman
Should what's being reported about the way Atticus Finch is portrayed in Go Set a Watchman be added to the article now, or should it be added when the book comes out. Blaylockjam10 (talk) 01:09, 11 July 2015 (UTC)

Whichever, it should make clear that it's a different character. The older man in the older book is not what the man in the other one became; the book is NOT a sequel but an unpublished earlier novel with different characters. 81.144.173.17 (talk) 17:06, 13 July 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Atticus Finch


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User:Tiamatty

I'm a Canadian, currently working to save up the money for college. I know I'm far less suited to many on this site to make changes, but I do try to add stuff here and there. Mostly, though, I just like reading the pages.

title: User:Tiamatty


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Epifanio Alfafara

Epifanio Alfafara (1882–1933) was a Filipino Visayan writer in the Cebuano language of political and philosophical articles. He used Isco Anino as a pen name.

Alfafara was a native of Carcar. He translated Ang Dose Pares sa Pransiya into Cebuano. His son, Sergio Alfafara, was also a noted Cebuano writer.

title: Epifanio Alfafara


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K.R.C. Harelbeke (2016 club)

KRC Harelbeke is a Belgian football club based in Harelbeke, West Flanders.

It is the result of the merger between the former club with the same name K.R.C. Zuid-West-Vlaanderen and K.S.V. Ingelmunster in 2002. The club was founded in 1930 as KSV Ingelmunster and played in Ingelmunster before they moved to Harelbeke in 2002. Since 2002, the club changed its name 3 times, from Sporting West Ingelmunster-Harelbeke in 2003, to Sporting West Harelbeke in 2007 and ultimately to KRC Harelbeke in 2016. The Stedelijk Forestiersstadion is the home of KRC Harelbeke and also of football club SWL Harelbeke.

title: K.R.C. Harelbeke (2016 club)


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Li Qianfu

Li Qianfu, courtesy name Xingdao (行道), was a 14th-century Chinese playwright of the Yuan dynasty. His works include The Chalk Circle which was used as the basis for Bertolt Brecht's play The Caucasian Chalk Circle (1948). He notably kept much to himself, choosing living a life of seclusion in the countryside. He is said to have died around 1350 AD.

title: Li Qianfu


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Norway

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was KEEP. — J I P | Talk 12:18, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Norway
A similar article on the effect of the earthquake on Hong Kong was nominated for deletion, on the ground that Hong Kong was not directly affected. Since Norway was not directly affected either, the two articles share substantial similarities. This nomination was done to facilitate a better discussion, and possibly, similar actions may be taken. — Instantnood 12:51, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. The countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and humanitarian response to the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake articles are not adequate. This article provides further details. — Instantnood 12:51, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. What the purpose of this vote? Smells like a WP:POINT violation to me. Each article should be kept or deleted on it's own merits, not wether or not simmilar aritcles exist. Effect of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake on Hong Kong is extremely short compared to this article. I'm a little supriced Germany or Sweden doesn't have such articles as they lost a lot of people, but all that's beside the point. Each article are dealth with seperately unless a general overall consensus exist to do otherwise (like with Pokemon stubs). And nominating articles you think should be kept is not the way to build a consensus IMHO. --Sherool 14:08, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Length of an article may or may not be relevant in deciding whether an article should be deleted. If the two articles share substantial similarities, and if the arguments mentioned in this page are readily applicable other similar articles, it would be better to assess them together, although the outcome can still be different. How much similarities do they share is to be determined by the community. — Instantnood 14:25, 4 October 2005 (UTC) (modified 07:42, 6 October 2005 (UTC))

 * Keep. Precisely as I pointed out in, and as per Sherool, this does appear to be a clear-cut case of WP:POINT. Also, instantnood has been the only person I know who actually nominates articles/categories to be kept, and this is not the first time he did this .--Huaiwei 14:23, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Note also, that instantnood added a notification of this nomination in the Norway-related topics notice board, in what appears to be an attempt in garnering local support for this article, and hence hoping there will be a trickle-down effect to the article he is fighting to keep.--Huaiwei 14:28, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It's just sort of etiquette to have nominations be notified on the relevant notice boards. — Instantnood 15:03, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep Information would be of an encyclopedic nature and comes from multiple, verifiable sources. Does need to be worked on to update accuracy.  Also, perhaps the creation of an article about the effect that this earthquake had on non-directly affected locales could be created and articles such as this one merged into it?  Just a thought.  will381796 20:52, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah, Instantnood is, rather innapropriately trying to make a point, but no matter: Redirect to Countries affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 07:06, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. Fair amount of detail specific to Norway. --Calton | Talk 08:01, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or redirect either way nominator needs to tarred and feathered for WP:POINT, you'd think repeated occurrences of things like this would end up in front of the ArbCom SchmuckyTheCat 17:41, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Many of the reasons mentioned by other Wikipedians in the other nomination are applicable to this article as well, and that's the reason why I nominate this article, to facilitate a better discussion. Both articles are devolved from the main articles on the earthquake, and both are about the effect on a country not directly affected. Contents in both articles can be merged into the other articles for the earthquake. — Instantnood 18:01, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * blah blah blah. SchmuckyTheCat 18:04, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or redirect: most of the content is generic, and the Norwegian specific details are non encyclopedic. GhePeU 10:08, 9 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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File:Von Werra BF109 Marsden Kent.jpg

Summary
The Messerschmitt Bf 109E-4 of Oblt Franz von Werra shot down on the 5 September 1940, pictured at Love's Farm, Winchet Hill, Marden, Kent (approx ).

Flight - picture scanned by me Ian Dunster 12:58, 4 October 2005 (UTC) from the Fallen Might article in the June 1983 issue of Aeroplane Monthly and credited to Flight.

Licensing
This image is for illustrative purposes within the linked article(s) and is of a reduced size and quality from the original. Where known, the source and original artist/photographer and/or copyright owner are credited.

title: File:Von Werra BF109 Marsden Kent.jpg


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Neerwinden

Neerwinden is a village in Belgium in the province of Flemish Brabant, a few miles southeast of Tienen. It is now part of the municipality of Landen.

The village gave its name to two great battles. The first battle was fought in 1693 between the Anglo-Allied army under William III of England and the French under the duke of Luxemburg, ending in a French victory. (This battle, during the War of the Grand Alliance, is usually called the Battle of Landen.) The second battle took place in 1793 between Austria under Prince Josias of Coburg and the French under General Charles François Dumouriez and ended in an Austrian victory.

title: Neerwinden