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User talk:SimplyIrresistible

Welcome
Hello, , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! 06:35, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
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Jimbo Wales to Attend San Diego Meetup on October 18 2005
Hello, Jimbo Wales will be in San Diego to attend OOPSLA and has agreed to come by and visit with the San Diego wikipedians. If you are interested, you will find more info on my talk page. Johntex\talk 00:54, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Rodovid.org
Hi, I found you from the category of Wikipedian genealogists. I wonder if you have heard of/been involved in any of the previous attempts at starting a genealogy wiki under the foundation. Seeing as you were in the category, I thought you may be interested in the new project proposal, Rodovid. This project is currently running at rodovid.org. I would greatly appreciate it if you could visit the site and give me your opinion of it. Any input at all will be useful. Thanks. --Bjw e bb (talk) 10:35, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Invitation to join WikiProject Genealogy
I am extending this invitation to you because you are listed as a Wikipedian genealogist. WikiProject Genealogy seems to have ground to a halt, and I'm hoping to either "reboot" it or, if interest is lacking, eliminate it. If you are so inclined, please visit "This project's purpose" topic in WikiProject Genealogy Talk at your earliest convenience and respond to my comment. (You might have to scroll down a bit; my comment is mostly boldfaced.) If you are not willing or able to participate, please [mailto:johnarigali@aim.com notify me of such in email], and I won't disturb you further about this matter. Thank you. -JohnAlbertRigali (talk) 09:02, 20 December 2008 (UTC)

Wikipedia Loves Art
First off, I apologize for the spam. You are receiving this message because you have indicated that you are in Southern California or interested in Southern California topics (either via category or WikiProject).

I would like to invite you to the Los Angeles edition of Wikipedia Loves Art, a photography scavenger hunt to be held at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) on Saturday, February 28, 2009, from 1:00 to 7:00 PM. All photos are intended for use in Wikipedia articles or on Wikimedia Commons. There will be a prize available for the person who gets the most photos on the list.

If you don't like art, why not come just to meet your fellow Wikipedians. Apparently, we haven't had a meetup in this area since June 2006!

If you are interested in attending, please add your name to Wikipedia Loves Art. Please make a note if you are traveling to the area (train or plane) and need transportation, which can probably be arranged via carpool, but we need time to coordinate. Lodging is as of right now out of scope, but we could discuss that if enough people are interested.

Thank you and I hope to see you there!  howcheng  {chat} 00:26, 10 January 2009 (UTC)

Test Edit
Test Edit Simply]]/[[User talk:SimplyIrresistible|Irresistible (talk) 06:12, 17 March 2011 (UTC)

Your recent edits
Hello. In case you didn't know, when you add content to talk pages and Wikipedia pages that have open discussion, you should sign your posts by typing four tildes ( ~~~~ ) at the end of your comment. You could also click on the signature button located above the edit window. This will automatically insert a signature with your username or IP address and the time you posted the comment. This information is useful because other editors will be able to tell who said what, and when. Thank you. --SineBot (talk) 20:22, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

Wikipedia Meetup
You are invited to "Come Edit Wikipedia!" at the West Hollywood Library on Saturday, July 27th, 2013. There will be coffee, cookies, and good times! -- Olegkagan (talk) — Message delivered by Hazard-Bot at 04:18, 21 July 2013 (UTC)

Wikipedia Meetup
Help build the Wikipedia community in Southern California at "Come Edit Wikipedia!" presented by the West Hollywood Library on Saturday, August 31st, 2013 from 1-5pm. Drop in for some lively editing and conversation! Plus, it's a library, so there are plenty of sources. --Olegkagan (talk) — Message delivered by Hazard-Bot at 03:08, 22 August 2013 (UTC)

A bit of genealogy at WikiConference North America this weekend
I thought I'd give a lightning talk at this weekend's WikiConference North America/2020 about how we use WikiTree+ to compare ancestor profiles on WikiTree to Wikidata to find errors. It's Friday at 17:00 EST. I'm Lowe-866 on WikiTree. KarenJoyce (talk) 15:46, 9 December 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:SimplyIrresistible


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Benjamin Goodhue

Benjamin Goodhue (September 20, 1748 – July 28, 1814) was a Representative and a Senator from Massachusetts. He supported the Patriot during the American Revolution, and was a strong member of the Federalist Party. He was described by contemporaries as a leading member of the so-called Essex Junto, a group of Massachusetts Federalists, most of whom were from Essex County.

Biography
Benjamin Goodhue was born in Salem in the Province of Massachusetts Bay to Benjamin and Martha (Hardy) Goodue. His father was a blacksmith by trade, but later became a successful merchant. The younger Benjamin graduated from Harvard College in 1766 and joined his father in the merchant business. He remained active as a merchant during the American Revolutionary War, and was a member of the state constitutional conventions of 1779 and 1780, the latter one producing the present Constitution of Massachusetts. He then won election as a state representative to the inaugural Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1780, and was later elected to the state senate, serving in 1783 and 1786–1788. After adoption of the United States Constitution, Goodhue was elected to the First and to the three succeeding Congresses and served from March 4, 1789, until his resignation in June 1796.

Goodhue was a supporter of the strong central government, and joined the Federalist Party when it was organized. He was one of a number of prominent Federalists from Essex County that were described by John Hancock as the "Essex Junto". He was one of two Congressmen who drafted the nation's first revenue code. He served as chairman of the Committee on Commerce and Manufactures in the Fourth United States Congress. He was elected in 1796 to the United States Senate, filling a vacancy caused by the resignation of George Cabot. He was reelected and served from June 11, 1796, to November 8, 1800, when he resigned and retired from public service. He died in Salem on July 28, 1814.

Legacy
A World War II Liberty ship was named in his honor.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Benjamin Goodhue


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Brazilian Guitar Quartet

The Brazilian Guitar Quartet was formed in 1998 to interpret the repertoire for four guitars and make transcriptions of works from diverse periods and styles. The Brazilian Guitar Quartet is composed of: Clemer Andreotti, Luiz Mantovani, Everton Gloeden, and Tadeu do Amaral.

title: Brazilian Guitar Quartet


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Talk:Brad Vickers

I'm gonna rewrite this and merge it with a new article titled List of minor STARS characters in Resident Evil or List of minor characters in Resident Evil, since I don't think Brad is important enough to warrant an entire article. Jonny2x4 06:37, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brad Vickers


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User talk:Kmitch87

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! CambridgeBayWeather 06:38, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
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September 2012
Hi, and thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia. It appears that you recently tried to give The Six Wives of Henry VIII (film) a different title by copying its content and pasting either the same content, or an edited version of it, into another page with a different name. This is known as a "cut and paste move", and it is undesirable because it splits the page history, which is needed for attribution and various other purposes. Instead, the software used by Wikipedia has a feature that allows pages to be moved to a new title together with their edit history.

In most cases, once your account is four days old and has ten edits, you should be able to move an article yourself using the "Move" tab at the top of the page. This both preserves the page history intact and automatically creates a redirect from the old title to the new. If you cannot perform a particular page move yourself this way (e.g. because a page already exists at the target title), please follow the instructions at requested moves to have it moved by someone else. Also, if there are any other pages that you moved by copying and pasting, even if it was a long time ago, please list them at Cut and paste move repair holding pen. Thank you. Favonian (talk) 17:41, 17 September 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kmitch87


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User:Baconmongerer

Welcome!

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title: User:Baconmongerer


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User talk:Adugdell

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title: User talk:Adugdell


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User talk:Ackinum6910

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title: User talk:Ackinum6910


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User talk:Dav7sher

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title: User talk:Dav7sher


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User talk:Gasperdus

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title: User talk:Gasperdus


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User talk:Jimboh2k

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title: User talk:Jimboh2k


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User talk:Jayant82

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title: User talk:Jayant82


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User talk:Greatgeorge

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Vlachs of Serbia

The Vlachs (rumâń; власи / vlasi) are a Romanian-speaking population group living in eastern Serbia, mainly within the Timok Valley. They are characterized by a culture that has preserved archaic and ancient elements in matters such as language or customs. Their ethnic affiliation is highly disputed, with some considering the Vlachs as an independent ethnic group while others consider them part of the Romanians.

History
"Vlach" is a word of Germanic origin, originally used by the Germanic tribes to refer to the Romans. It would later be adopted by the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Empire and virtually all Slavs to refer to the Romance languages-speakers in the Balkans that remained following the various migrations into the area. These peoples never referred to themselves as "Vlachs", but as some variant of "Roman". Today there are several peoples that are still commonly referred to as Vlachs, these including the Vlachs of eastern Serbia.

There are hypotheses about an autochthonous origin of the Vlachs in the area in which they currently live. Researchers who promoted this idea include the researcher Atanasie Popovici, a native of the area. However, most researchers agree that the Vlachs of eastern Serbia originate from areas in present-day Romania and settled in land in which they live today as a result of migrations in the 18th and 19th centuries. These migrations occurred due to the difficult living conditions in Hungary, Moldavia and Wallachia. Strong migrations were recorded between 1718 and 1739 after the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–1718; during this time, eastern Serbia was part of the Banat of Temeswar. Migrations to eastern Serbia continued after this period, albeit on a smaller scale. More precisely, migrations were recorded in the periods of 1723–1725, 1733–1734, 1818 and 1834. These were directed to the settlements of Jošanica, Krepoljin, Laznica (Laznița), Osanica, Ribare, Suvi Do, Vukovac, Žagubica (Jagubița or Jăgobița). These migrations increased the number of houses in the area around the Homolje Mountains (Хомољске планине / Homoljske planine; Munții Homolie or Munții Homoliei) from 80 in 1718 to 155 in 1733. Furthermore, the two latter waves led to the foundation of the settlements of Bliznak, Breznica, Izvarica, Jasikovo, Krupaja, Milanovac and Sige. According to the place of origin of these new migrants, the Vlachs of eastern Serbia were divided into ungureni (originating from the Kingdom of Hungary, or more precisely, from Banat and Transylvania proper) and țărani (originating from Moldavia and Wallachia). The Vlachs are still divided into these two groups according to the Romanian dialect they speak; the ungureni have a speech closely related to the Banat Romanian dialect while the dialect of the țărani is closer to the Wallachian one. Dialectally, there are two other groups of Vlachs, the munteni and the bufani, but these are largely assimilated into the former two.

Before the unification of Moldavia and Wallachia in 1859, the Vlachs in eastern Serbia were officially known as "Romanians". On the other hand, the country of Wallachia (the name of which was derived from "Vlach"), was known in Serbian as Влашка / Vlaška. Furthermore, in ethnographic studies of the 19th or early 20th century, the Vlachs of eastern Serbia were regarded as Romanians in an undisputed way. However, after 1859 and the formation of the first modern Romanian state, this practice was reversed, with the name of "Vlach" being imposed over on the community of eastern Serbia to break similarities with the Romanians; this was intensified after the creation of Yugoslavia.

According to an article by Ivan Miladinović for Večernje novosti, at the end of 1946, Yugoslav Partisans leader Josip Broz Tito presented a proposal to allow Romania to annex the Vlach-populated areas in eastern Serbia since "Romanian comrades, Gheorghiu-Dej and Ana Pauker, think it is their people and their territory"; Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Serbia Blagoje Nešković would have expressed strong opposition to this proposal.

Language
The Vlachs speak a group of archaic Romanian varieties known as "Vlach" in Serbia. The Romanian language is not in use in local administration, not even in localities where members of the minority represent more than 15% of the population, where it would be allowed according to Serbian law. This is mostly because of the lack of teachers and because Vlach is more of an oral than a written language. Since 2012, there have been continuous efforts to standardize Vlach in a written form, and the teaching of Vlach has started in schools. While the Vlach standard written language is under development, the Vlach Council in Serbia in 2006 debated the use of Serbian as the official language and Romanian as the literary language. This proposition of the council was confirmed in a document it issued in 2010 – endorsing the Serbian language while written Vlach was being developed. In 2012, the council decided to adopt a proposition on written and oral Vlach and started to work towards its standardization. According to the Serbian census of 2011, among the 35,330 individuals who identified as Vlachs, 28,918 declared that they spoke Vlach, and 186 Romanian. Out of 43,095 individuals who declared that their mother tongue was Vlach, 28,918 declared their ethnicity as Vlach, 12,156 as Serb, 67 as Romanian, 174 as other, 1,150 who did not declare and 266 unknown. In southern and eastern Serbia, where the population with a Vlach identity was concentrated, there were 32,873 people with a Vlach identity, and 2,073 people with a Romanian identity, according to the 2011 Serbian census.

Religion
The Romanian Orthodox Church in Malajnica, built in 2004, is the first Romanian church in eastern Serbia. Before its construction, Romanians in Eastern Serbia were not allowed to hear liturgical services in their native language. Most Vlachs of Eastern Serbia are Orthodox Christians who had belonged to the Serbian Orthodox Church since the 19th century. This changed on 24 March 2009, when Serbia recognized the authority of the Romanian Orthodox Church in Eastern Serbia and the confessional rights of the Vlachs. The 2006 Serbian law on religious organizations did not recognize the Romanian Orthodox Church as a traditional church, as it had received permission from the Serbian Church to operate only within Vojvodina, but not in Eastern Serbia. At Malajnica, a Vlach priest belonging to the Romanian Orthodox Church encountered deliberately-raised administrative barriers when he attempted to build a church.

Vlach magic
The relative isolation of the Vlachs has permitted the survival of various pre-Christian religious customs and beliefs that are frowned upon by the Orthodox Church. Vlach magic rituals are well known across modern Serbia. The Vlachs celebrate the ospăț (hospitium, in Latin), called in Serbian praznik or slava. The customs of the Vlachs are very similar to those from Southern Romania (Wallachia).

Identity and ethnic classification
The identity and ethnic classification of the Timok Vlachs is highly contested. The Serbian government considers the Timok Vlachs a distinct and independent group and rejects any conflation with the Romanians, citing census results and their right to self-identify with the minority of their choice. On the other hand, the Romanian government's position is that the Timok Vlachs are simply Romanians, that the split into "Romanian" and "Vlach" identities is artificial and that Serbia has failed to protect the minority rights of the Romanians.

These disputes also occur between the Timok Vlachs themselves. Two main groups stand out: an "anti-Romanian" group and another "pro-Romanian" group. The former regards Serbia as the homeland of the Timok Vlachs and rejects any connection to Romania, while the latter relates the Timok Vlachs and Romanian through elements such as language and often regards Romania as the homeland of the Timok Vlachs, although both agree on the need for the Serbian government to do more to protect the Timok Vlachs.

The situation within the National Council of the Vlach National Minority is particularly convulsed. In 2009, during an interview for the Serbian newspaper Politika, Živoslav Lazić, the president of the council and mayor of Veliko Gradište (Grădiștea Mare), called the efforts by "some in Serbia" to prove that the Romanians and the Timok Vlachs are a separate minority as "xenophobic". He also argued that claims about Romanianization of the Timok Vlachs by Romania come from people whose real aim is the assimilation of the Timok Vlachs. In 2010, shortly before the first elections to choose the members of the Vlach National Council, Vlach politician Miletić Mihajlović accused the council of being pro-Romanian and of having as its main objective "transfer" the Vlachs into the Romanians, adding that Serbia was the homeland of the Vlachs. The new council elected in 2010 adopted an anti-Romanian stance. In 2012, the new president, Radiša Dragojević, stated that "Nobody has the right to ask Vlachs to declare themselves as Romanians", that "Vlachs consider Serbia their motherland" and that "We have no objections, nor any basis to turn to Romania, nor does Romania have any basis to make any demands on our behalf". According to Dragojević himself, according to the 23 members that corresponded to the council of the Timok Vlachs, only four were pro-Romanian. In 2018, a new Vlach council was elected, and the coalition Vlachs for Serbia won 22 of the 23 seats. Dragojević, president of the Vlach council and member of the coalition commented that their result was due to pro-Romanian Vlach political formations having either boycotted the elections or having run for the elections for the National Council of the Romanian National Minority instead.

Today there is a movement among some members of the Timok Vlachs to align themselves with Romania and identify themselves as part of the Romanian identity in Serbia. As of 2009, an estimated two to three thousand Timok Vlachs were attending secondary schools and universities in Romania. It has been said that the Serbian political elite might fear that part of these could return to Serbia with a Romanian national consciousness that could influence the rest of the Timok Vlachs. The Association of the Vlachs of Serbia (Zajednica Vlaha Srbija / Заједница Влаха Србије, ZVS) stands out for this. The ZVS has made claims such as that Romania is the motherland of the Timok Vlachs, that they speak Romanian and that Serbia tries to assimilate the Vlachs by referring to them in this way to separate them from the Romanian nation. The Vlach National Party is a Wlach political party in Serbia led by Predrag Balašević. The party claims that the Serbia is trying to manipulate the culture and history of the Vlachs and impose a "historical cultural construct" on them. It also blends the Timok Vlachs with the Romanians from Romania into the same group. Timoc Press is another pro-Romanian organization in the Timok Valley, funded by the Department for Romanians Everywhere of the Romanian government, which considers the Timok Vlachs and the Romanians a single nation, the former of which is being assimilated by the Serbs. Even so, there are anti-Romanian organizations. An example is the Vlach Democratic Party (VDS), whose president in 2012, Siniša Celojević, declared that "The Vlachs of Serbia are not, and will never be, members of the Romanian national minority", which Romania claims groups outside its borders to reinforce their historical continuity and national identity and that Romania takes advantage of the lack of minority rights for the Timok Vlachs to "infiltrate" among them. Celojević was a member of the Vlach National Council.

Legal status

The ethnonym is Rumâni and the community Rumâni din Sârbie, translated into English as "Romanians from Serbia". They are also known in Romanian as Valahii din Serbia or Românii din Timoc. Although ethnographically and linguistically related to the Romanians, within the Vlach community there are divergences on whether or not they belong to the Romanian nation and whether or not their minority should be amalgamated with the Romanian minority in Vojvodina.

In a Romanian-Yugoslav agreement of November 4, 2002, the Yugoslav authorities agreed to recognize the Romanian identity of the Vlach population in Central Serbia, but the agreement was not implemented. In April 2005, 23 deputies from the Council of Europe, representatives from Hungary, Georgia, Lithuania, Romania, Moldova, Estonia, Armenia, Azerbaïdjan, Denmark, and Bulgaria protested against Serbia's treatment of this population.

The Senate of Romania postponed the ratification of Serbia's candidature for membership in the European Union until the legal status and minority right of the Romanian (Vlach) population in Serbia is clarified.

Predrag Balašević, president of the Vlach party of Serbia, accused the government of assimilation by using the national Vlach organization against the interests of this minority in Serbia.

Since 2010, the Vlach National Council of Serbia has been led by members of leading Serbian parties (Democrat Party and Socialist Party), most of whom are ethnic Serbs having no relation to the Vlach/Romanian minority. Radiša Dragojević, the current president of Vlach National Council of Serbia, stated that no one has the right to ask the Vlach minority in Serbia to identify themselves as Romanian or veto anything. As a response to mister Dragojević's statement, the cultural organizations Ariadnae Filum, Društvo za kulturu Vlaha - Rumuna Srbije, Društvo Rumuna - Vlaha „Trajan“, Društvo za kulturu, jezik i religiju Vlaha - Rumuna Pomoravlja, Udruženje za tradiciju i kulturu Vlaha „Dunav“, Centar za ruralni razvoj - Vlaška kulturna inicijativa Srbija and the Vlach Party of Serbia protested and stated that it was false.

According to a 2012 agreement between Romania and Serbia, members of the Vlach community that choose to declare as Romanians will have access to education, media, and religion in the Romanian language.

Notable people

 * Bojan Aleksandrović, Romanian Orthodox priest in the Timok Valley
 * Predrag Balašević, politician defending the identification of the Vlachs as Romanians
 * Paun Es Durlić, ethnologist
 * Slavoljub Gacović, ethnologist
 * Miletić Mihajlović, politician
 * Izvorinka Milošević, singer of Serb and Vlach folklore
 * Branko Olar, one of the best known singers of Vlach folklore from Eastern Serbia, originating from the village of Slatina near Bor
 * Staniša Paunović, well-known Vlach folklore singer, originating from Negotin, from Eastern Serbia
 * Safet Pavlović, politician and mayor of Žagubica
 * Dușan Pârvulovici, activist for the minority rights of the Vlachs and their right for education in the Romanian language
 * Atanasie Popovici, activist and researcher
 * Adam Puslojić, poet, translator and writer

title: Vlachs of Serbia


text:
User talk:Izmo~enwiki

Welcome!

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Your account will be renamed
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Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:34, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 14:09, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Izmo~enwiki


text:
User talk:Wednesdayhill

Welcome
Welcome!

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Image Tagging Image:Carly w. pie.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Carly w. pie.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Longhair 16:02, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Deutshbag.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Deutshbag.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Longhair 16:03, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Survey Invitation
Hi there, I am a research student from the National University of Singapore and I wish to invite you to do an online survey about Wikipedia. To compensate you for your time, I am offering a reward of USD$10, either to you or as a donation to the Wikimedia Foundation. For more information, please go to the research home page. Thank you. --WikiInquirer 12:40, 3 March 2007 (UTC)talk to me

Proposed deletion of File:End of 2nd semester 044.jpg

The file File:End of 2nd semester 044.jpg has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Unused personal photo. Out of scope."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. --Minorax «¦talk¦» 09:27, 29 April 2022 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:End of 2nd semester 046.jpg

The file File:End of 2nd semester 046.jpg has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Unused personal photo. Out of scope."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. --Minorax «¦talk¦» 09:28, 29 April 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wednesdayhill


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Archigenesis

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Wikiacc (talk) 20:28, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

Archigenesis
del. nonnotable neologism. mikka (t) 06:41, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete NN, neologistical and vague to boot. Anville 09:12, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unverifiable in this context. --Apyule 06:00, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Makarewa

Makarewa is a small community north of Invercargill (the southernmost city in the South Island within Southland of New Zealand).

History
Makarewa was formerly the junction of two branch line railways, where the Tuatapere Branch diverged from the Kingston Branch. A third line, the Ohai Branch, left the Tuatapere Branch in Thornbury. On 15 January 1978, the Tuatapere Branch closed beyond Thornbury, and on 13 December 1982, the Kingston Branch closed beyond Makarewa. The line through Makarewa has since been incorporated into the Ohai Branch and only freight services operate.

Food producer New Zealand Functional Foods has been building an oat milk factory in Makarewa. While Southland produces oats, the country lacks an oat milk processing facility and is forced to import the product from Australia. In July 2022, Economic and Regional Development Minister Stuart Nash confirmed the New Zealand Government had loaned the company NZ$6 million to building the factory. The NZ$50 million factory is due to be complete in late 2023 and can produce 80 million litres of oat milk per year.

Education
Makarewa School is a contributing primary school for years 1 to 6 with a roll of students as of  The school was established in 1887, replacing a previous school in Waikiwi. In 1904, there were about 100 children attending.

title: Makarewa


text:
User talk:Kumarss

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title: User talk:Kumarss


text:
User talk:Robertlaw1

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Robertlaw1


text:
User talk:Shishir parab

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Shishir parab


text:
User talk:Shkruesi

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Shkruesi


text:
User talk:Taimur41@hotmail.com

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Taimur41@hotmail.com


text:
User talk:Richard Rauch

Welcome!

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A tag has been placed on your article Richard Rauch, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article seems to be a biographical account about a person, group of people, or band, but it does not indicate how or why he/she/they is/are notable. If you can indicate why Richard Rauch is really notable, I advise you to edit the article promptly, and also put a note on Talk:Richard Rauch. Any admin should check for such edits before deleting the article. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Please read our criteria for speedy deletion, particularly item 7 under Articles. You might also want to read our general biography criteria. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. To contest the tagging and request that admins should wait a while for you to assert his/her/their notability, please affix the template  to the page, and then immediately add such an assertion. It is also a very good idea to add citations from reliable sources to ensure that your article will be verifiable.--Dvyost 17:55, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

User:Richard Rauch
I've added the "" template to your user page (User:Richard Rauch), suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. I've explained why in the deletion notice (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy).

Please note that the purpose of a user page is not as personal homepage or used as a general webhosting service, but as way for active editors of Wikipedia to introduce themselves to other editors. If you disagree with the notice, discuss the issues here or on my user talk page. You may remove the deletion notice, and the page will not be deleted for the moment, but note that it may still be sent to Miscellany for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached, or if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria. Calton | Talk 06:52, 23 February 2007 (UTC)

Image:357F1153.jpeg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:357F1153.jpeg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Calton | Talk 06:56, 23 February 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Richard Rauch


text:
User talk:Paulandmitch

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title: User talk:Paulandmitch


text:
User talk:M99arshad

Welcome!

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title: User talk:M99arshad


text:
User talk:Mardiggan

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Mardiggan


text:
User talk:Mrsmart

Welcome!

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Karen Humprey
Hi. Why did you blank the Karen Humprey article? I think you were doing a good job. I just put the unreferenced tag so that people know to make sure they reference any claims, the tag didn't mean you did anything wrong. --HResearcher 05:09, 9 September 2006 (UTC)

Ok, I get it now, you corrected the spelling of her last name :) Sorry to bother you. --HResearcher 05:11, 9 September 2006 (UTC)

Ted Willis
You need to disambiguate Fresno Mayor Willis from the other Ted Willis. California12 06:48, 9 September 2006 (UTC)

Let me know if you need help with disambiguation. --HResearcher 10:30, 9 September 2006 (UTC) I switched Ted Willis to Ted C. Willis.Mr. Smart

Articles for deletion/T. J. Cox
I didn't write the article on Cox, but I feel it should stay at least until the election is over. Other candidates who are running for congress have their own wiki page without the stigma of being marked for deletion.Mrsmart 03:36, 20 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Actually, a large number of political candidates have been nominated for deletion. Wikipedia is an encyclopedia, not a directory or a newspaper, and topics only deserve mention here if they have long-term notability. Some poltical candidates do, either by virtue of a highly notable campaign or because they are notable for other reasons, but most do not. See the proposed guideline for notability of candidates and elections for more details. Cheers, Vectro 05:22, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

Steve Samuelian
Thank You for adding to the page!!! Very well done! Alamar2000 03:12, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

If you look at my talk page, you can tell I have a history of legislator photos gone wrong. CA Assembly website pictures are Public Domain but Wikipedia refuses to recognize that even with the added tag. Finding a picture of Samuelian would be easy enough, archive.org Villines's website to when it was Samuelian's and get whatever photo is there. I'll try to get around to it but I'll probbably get dinged AGAIN!! So, yeah, that's the story with legislator photos...Alamar2000 05:29, 19 February 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mrsmart


text:
User talk:Tsuyaken

Welcome!

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title: User talk:Tsuyaken


text:
Category:Restaurants in New York City

Restaurants originating in New York City

title: Category:Restaurants in New York City


text:
Sub Pop 200

Sub Pop 200 is a compilation released in the early days of the Seattle grunge scene (December 1988). It features songs (all of them first releases and some otherwise unattainable) from Tad, the Fluid, Nirvana, Steven "Jesse" Bernstein, Mudhoney, the Walkabouts, Terry Lee Hale, Soundgarden, Green River, Fastbacks, Blood Circus, Swallow, Chemistry Set, Girl Trouble, the Nights and Days, Cat Butt, Beat Happening, Screaming Trees, Steve Fisk, and the Thrown Ups.

Many of these bands went on to be influential in the early 1990s and onwards. Most notable of these were Nirvana, Soundgarden, Green River (who spawned Mudhoney and Mother Love Bone and later Temple of the Dog and Pearl Jam), Screaming Trees, and Mudhoney.

Packaging
The artwork an illustration by comics artist Charles Burns, who previously illustrated Sub Pop zine covers and posters. While it would provide the full cover art in CD releases, the original release has an all-black cover with a top right sticker featuring Burns's art and the artists heard on the album. Typical of Sub Pop releases, the EP is limited to 5,000 copies, and also comes with a 16-page booklet.

Release and reception
The original release consists of 3 12" EPs and is the only one to be pressed on LP. All reissues would be on CD.

Track listing

 * 1) "Sex God Missy" - Tad
 * 2) "Is It Day I'm Seeing?" - The Fluid
 * 3) "Spank Thru" - Nirvana
 * 4) "Come Out Tonight" - Steven J. Bernstein
 * 5) "The Rose" – Mudhoney (Amanda McBroom cover)
 * 6) "Got No Chains" – The Walkabouts
 * 7) "Dead Is Dead" – Terry Lee Hale
 * 8) "Sub Pop Rock City" – Soundgarden
 * 9) "Hangin' Tree" – Green River
 * 10) "Swallow My Pride" – Fastbacks (Green River cover)
 * 11) "The Outback" – Blood Circus
 * 12) "Zoo" – Swallow
 * 13) "Underground" – Chemistry Set
 * 14) "Gonna Find a Cave" – Girl Trouble
 * 15) "Split" – The Nights and Days
 * 16) "Big Cigar" – Cat Butt
 * 17) "Pajama Party in a Haunted Hive" – Beat Happening
 * 18) "Love or Confusion" – Screaming Trees (Jimi Hendrix cover)
 * 19) "Untitled" – Steve Fisk
 * 20) "You Lost It" – The Thrown Ups

title: Sub Pop 200


text:
Samuel Griffin

Samuel Griffin (April 20, 1746 –November 23, 1810) was a lawyer, soldier and politician from Virginia. Following his service during the American Revolutionary War as a Continental Army officer, Griffin served as mayor of Williamsburg, Virginia, as well as represented the former state capitol in the Virginia House of Delegates, then (with surrounding areas) in the U.S. House of Representatives.

Early and family life
Born in Richmond County in the Colony of Virginia to Leroy Griffin and his wife, the former Mary Ann Bertrand. His slightly younger brother Cyrus Griffin would likewise become a Virginia lawyer and patriot, serving as a Continental Congressman representing Virginia's Northern Neck region (where they were raised) and later as federal judge, for what was then the U.S. District Court for the District of Virginia. Another brother Corbin Griffin (d.1813) received a medical degree from the University of Edinburgh before setting up a practice in Yorktown and became chief surgeon during the Revolutionary War before his imprisonment by the British, and later served as a Virginia state senator. Earlier, the Griffin boys received a private education appropriate to their class, including classical studies and law.

Samuel Griffin married Elizabeth Corbin Braxton, daughter of prominent Virginia planter and patriot Carter Braxton, likewise of the First Families of Virginia. They had only one child, Elizabeth Corbin Griffin Stewart (1779-1853), who survived two husbands (including a Williamsburg physician) and ultimately died in Philadelphia.

Continental Army officer
During the Revolutionary War Griffin accepted a commission as a colonel in the Continental Army. An aide-de-camp to English-born General Charles Lee, he was wounded at the Battle of Harlem Heights on September 16, 1776.

Colonel Griffin recuperated from his wounds near Philadelphia. When the American army retreated behind the Delaware River in December 1776, the commanding general of the Philadelphia Department, Israel Putnam, followed General Washington's instruction and ordered Col. Griffin to "create a distraction" for the British forces then present near Trenton, New Jersey. Thus, Griffin led about 900 militia and Virginia regulars into Mount Holly, from which he harassed the pickets of Colonel Carl von Donop at Bordentown. Colonel Von Donop brought all of his 2,000 or so troops to Mount Holly to punish Griffin in the Battle of Iron Works Hill. However, the action put Von Donop's troops out of position to assist Colonel Rall in Trenton. Thus, on the morning of December 26, 1776, Washington crossed the Delaware and defeated Rall at Trenton. Local lore says a "certain young widow of a doctor" assisted Griffin by detaining von Donop in Mount Holly.

Lawyer and politician
Admitted to the Virginia bar, Griffin practiced law. Following the New Jersey battles, Griffin returned to Virginia and as a citizen soldier served on the State's board of war (1779-1781). During this period, Williamsburg remained strategically important as the colonial capitol and was threatened by British warships offshore in Hampton Roads. Griffin served as Williamsburg's mayor from 1779 to 1780. After the war ended and fellow former soldier and Williamsburg lawyer James Innes became Attorney General of Virginia, Williamsburg voters elected Griffin to replace him in the Virginia House of Delegates and re-elected him twice to the part time position. Thus, he served from 1786 through 1788, when he resigned upon being elected to the U.S. House of Representatives and Edmund Randolph resigned as Virginia's governor (at the time elected by the Virginia General Assembly and having little power) in order to succeed Griffin as Williamsburg's delegate.

Voters from Williamsburg and surrounding areas elected Griffin to the First, Second, and Third Congresses. Thus, he served from March 4, 1789 until March 3, 1795, although the district number changed from Virginia's 10th congressional district to Virginia's 13th congressional district in 1793.

Death and legacy
Griffin died in New York City on November 23, 1810. His grave site is unknown.

title: Samuel Griffin


text:
Nick Bantock

Nick Bantock (born 14 July 1949) is a British artist and author based in Saltspring Island, British Columbia, known for his series, The Griffin and Sabine Trilogy. His books are published by Raincoast Books in Canada and Chronicle Books in the United States, and are known for their elaborate designs featuring faux postage stamps, handwritten documents, passports, postcards and other ephemera.

Career
Bantock attended schools in the northeast suburbs of London, and later an art college in Maidstone, Kent. He began a career as a freelance artist at the age of 23, producing 300 book covers in the ensuing 16 years. In 1988 he moved to Vancouver, and soon after to the nearby Bowen Island, where he had the idea that became the Griffin and Sabine series.

In 1993, he won the Bill Duthie Bookseller's Choice Award for Sabine's Notebook.

In 2006, he adapted the Griffin and Sabine series into a play, also called "Griffin and Sabine", which premiered in Vancouver at the Granville Island Stage and ran from 5 October – 4 November 2006.

In 2007, he resumed painting full-time, and opened a studio-gallery, 'The Forgetting Room', on Saltspring Island. Between 2007 and 2010, Bantock was one of the twelve committee members responsible for selecting Canada's postage stamps.

Popup books

 * There Was An Old Lady (1990)
 * Wings (1990)
 * Jabberwocky (1991)
 * Runners, Sliders, Bouncers, Climbers (1992)
 * Solomon Grundy (1992)
 * The Walrus and the Carpenter (1992)
 * Kubla Khan (1993)
 * Robin Hood (1993)
 * My Foolish Heart: A Pop-Up Book of Love (2017)

title: Nick Bantock


text:
List of Euclidean uniform tilings

This table shows the 11 convex uniform tilings (regular and semiregular) of the Euclidean plane, and their dual tilings.

There are three regular and eight semiregular tilings in the plane. The semiregular tilings form new tilings from their duals, each made from one type of irregular face.

John Conway called these uniform duals Catalan tilings, in parallel to the Catalan solid polyhedra.

Uniform tilings are listed by their vertex configuration, the sequence of faces that exist on each vertex. For example 4.8.8 means one square and two octagons on a vertex.

These 11 uniform tilings have 32 different uniform colorings. A uniform coloring allows identical sided polygons at a vertex to be colored differently, while still maintaining vertex-uniformity and transformational congruence between vertices. (Note: Some of the tiling images shown below are not color-uniform.)

In addition to the 11 convex uniform tilings, there are also 14 known nonconvex tilings, using star polygons, and reverse orientation vertex configurations. A further 28 uniform tilings are known using apeirogons. If zigzags are also allowed, there are 23 more known uniform tilings and 10 more known families depending on a parameter: in 8 cases the parameter is continuous, and in the other 2 it is discrete. The set is not known to be complete.

Laves tilings
In the 1987 book, Tilings and patterns, Branko Grünbaum calls the vertex-uniform tilings Archimedean, in parallel to the Archimedean solids. Their dual tilings are called Laves tilings in honor of crystallographer Fritz Laves. They're also called Shubnikov–Laves tilings after Aleksei Shubnikov. John Conway called the uniform duals Catalan tilings, in parallel to the Catalan solid polyhedra.

The Laves tilings have vertices at the centers of the regular polygons, and edges connecting centers of regular polygons that share an edge. The tiles of the Laves tilings are called planigons. This includes the 3 regular tiles (triangle, square and hexagon) and 8 irregular ones. Each vertex has edges evenly spaced around it. Three dimensional analogues of the planigons are called stereohedrons.

These dual tilings are listed by their face configuration, the number of faces at each vertex of a face. For example V4.8.8 means isosceles triangle tiles with one corner with four triangles, and two corners containing eight triangles. The orientations of the vertex planigons (up to D12) are consistent with the vertex diagrams in the below sections.

Convex uniform tilings of the Euclidean plane
All reflectional forms can be made by Wythoff constructions, represented by Wythoff symbols, or Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams, each operating upon one of three Schwarz triangle (4,4,2), (6,3,2), or (3,3,3), with symmetry represented by Coxeter groups: [4,4], [6,3], or [3[3]]. Alternated forms such as the snub can also be represented by special markups within each system. Only one uniform tiling can't be constructed by a Wythoff process, but can be made by an elongation of the triangular tiling. An orthogonal mirror construction [∞,2,∞] also exists, seen as two sets of parallel mirrors making a rectangular fundamental domain. If the domain is square, this symmetry can be doubled by a diagonal mirror into the [4,4] family.

Families:
 * (4,4,2), $${\tilde{BC}}_2$$, [4,4] – Symmetry of the regular square tiling
 * $${\tilde{I}}_1^2$$, [∞,2,∞]
 * (6,3,2), $${\tilde{G}}_2$$, [6,3] – Symmetry of the regular hexagonal tiling and triangular tiling.
 * (3,3,3), $${\tilde{A}}_2$$, [3[3]]

Uniform colorings
There are a total of 32 uniform colorings of the 11 uniform tilings:
 * 1) Triangular tiling – 9 uniform colorings, 4 wythoffian, 5 nonwythoffian
 * 2) * Uniform tiling 63-t2.svg Uniform tiling 333-t1.svg Uniform tiling 333-snub.png Uniform tiling 63-h12.png Uniform triangular tiling 111222.png Uniform triangular tiling 112122.png Uniform triangular tiling 111112.png Uniform triangular tiling 111212.png Uniform triangular tiling 111213.png
 * 3) Square tiling – 9 colorings: 7 wythoffian, 2 nonwythoffian
 * 4) * Square tiling uniform coloring 1.svg Square tiling uniform coloring 2.png Square tiling uniform coloring 7.png Square tiling uniform coloring 8.png Square tiling uniform coloring 3.png Square tiling uniform coloring 6.png Square tiling uniform coloring 4.png Square tiling uniform coloring 5.png Square tiling uniform coloring 9.png
 * 5) Hexagonal tiling – 3 colorings, all wythoffian
 * 6) * Uniform tiling 63-t0.svg Uniform tiling 63-t12.svg Uniform tiling 333-t012.svg
 * 7) Trihexagonal tiling – 2 colorings, both wythoffian
 * 8) * Uniform_tiling_63-t1.svg Uniform tiling 333-t01.png
 * 9) Snub square tiling – 2 colorings, both alternated wythoffian
 * 10) * Uniform tiling 44-h01.png Uniform tiling 44-snub.svg
 * 11) Truncated square tiling – 2 colorings, both wythoffian
 * 12) * Uniform tiling 44-t12.svg Uniform tiling 44-t012.svg
 * 13) Truncated hexagonal tiling – 1 coloring, wythoffian
 * 14) * Uniform tiling 63-t01.svg
 * 15) Rhombitrihexagonal tiling – 1 coloring, wythoffian
 * 16) * Uniform tiling 63-t02.svg
 * 17) Truncated trihexagonal tiling – 1 coloring, wythoffian
 * 18) * Uniform tiling 63-t012.svg
 * 19) Snub hexagonal tiling – 1 coloring, alternated wythoffian
 * 20) * Uniform tiling 63-snub.svg
 * 21) Elongated triangular tiling – 1 coloring, nonwythoffian
 * 22) * Elongated triangular tiling 1.png

title: List of Euclidean uniform tilings


text:
User:Gnikhil

'''[http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=User_talk:Gnikhil&action=edit&section=new Want to leave a new message? Please add it on my talk page.]'''

I am a native of India, currently residing in the United States. I am an erratic and small-time contributor to Wikipedia.

title: User:Gnikhil


text:
Precedence diagram method

The precedence diagram method (PDM) is a tool for scheduling activities in a project plan. It is a method of constructing a project schedule network diagram that uses boxes, referred to as nodes, to represent activities and connects them with arrows that show the dependencies. It is also called the activity-on-node (AON) method.
 * Critical tasks, noncritical tasks, and slack time
 * Shows the relationship of the tasks to each other
 * Allows for what-if, worst-case, best-case and most likely scenario

Key elements include determining predecessors and defining attributes such as
 * early start date
 * late start date
 * early finish date
 * late finish date
 * duration
 * activity name
 * WBS reference

Slack/Float: Determines the duration of activity delay that the project can tolerate before the project comes in late. The difference between the earliest and the latest start time. i.e. Slack = latest start date - earliest start day or Slack = latest finish time - earliest finish time.

Any activities which have a slack of 0, they are on the critical path.

Different Precedence diagram Methods
 * Arrow diagramming method
 * Project network
 * Critical-path method
 * Gantt chart
 * Program evaluation and review technique

title: Precedence diagram method


text:
User talk:Rlmabie

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! CambridgeBayWeather 06:52, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

purity ring
I created my account for the purpose of writing an entry about Purity rings. However two people in the past 24 hours have either completely deleted the entry or redirected it. Rlmabie
 * Apologies from all of us. A misunderstanding. I expanded your article. mikka (t) 17:22, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

I was wondering if someone could tell me where this ring came from. Trekkerpoet29 (talk) 22:31, 29 January 2012 (UTC)

Hello, I was also wondering about the image of the gold purity ring. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.90.166.22 (talk) 08:09, 22 December 2013 (UTC)

NowCommons: File:DSCN4525.JPG
File:DSCN4525.JPG is now available on Wikimedia Commons as Commons:File:Chastity ring.JPG. This is a repository of free media that can be used on all Wikimedia wikis. The image will be deleted from Wikipedia, but this doesn't mean it can't be used anymore. You can embed an image uploaded to Commons like you would an image uploaded to Wikipedia, in this case:. Note that this is an automated message to inform you about the move. This bot did not copy the image itself. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 15:58, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rlmabie


text:
Guido (slang)

Guido is a North American subculture, slang term, and ethnic slur referring to working-class urban Italian-Americans. The guido stereotype is multi-faceted. At one point, the term was used more generally as a disparaging term for Italians and people of Italian descent. More recently, it has come to refer to working-class urban Italian-Americans who conduct themselves in an overtly macho manner or belong to a particular working-class urban Italian-American subculture. The time period in which it obtained the later meaning is not clear, but some sources date it to the 1970s or 1980s. The term is not used in Italy.

Etymology
The word "guido" is derived from the Italian given name "Guido", originally the Italian version of the French given name Guy. Fishermen of Italian descent were often called "Guidos" in medieval times.

Contentious use
The term is used in states and metropolitan areas associated with large Italian-American populations, such as New York City, New Jersey, Connecticut, Buffalo, Chicago, Detroit, Ohio, Pittsburgh, Philadelphia, Boston, and Providence. In other areas, terms such as "Cugine" (Brooklyn), "Mario" (Chicago) and "Gino" (Toronto) have a meaning similar to guido. Although some Italians self-identify as "guidos", the term is often considered derogatory or an ethnic slur.

MTV caused controversy in 2009 when they used the term in promotions for the reality television show Jersey Shore. This spurred objections from Italian-American organizations such as Unico National, NIAF, the Order Sons of Italy in America, and the Internet watchdog organization ItalianAware. Although MTV removed the term from some promotions, it remains closely associated with the show, and some of the cast members use it regularly to describe themselves while the females sometimes refer to themselves as a "guidette", despite the pronunciation of the feminized ‘ette’ suffix being of French origin and not Italian.

According to author and professor Pellegrino D'Acierno, "guido" is a derogatory term for stereotypical working class or lower class Italian-American males and "a pejorative term applied to lower-class, [Italian-American], macho, gold-amulet-wearing, self-displaying neighborhood boys [...] [with a] penchant for cruising in hot cars [...] Guidette is their gum-chewing, big-haired, air-headed female counterpart". In regards to the "guido" stereotype and the depiction of working class Italian-American communities in American film, Peter Bondanella contends that: "Although some films view the working class as a potentially noble and dignified group, others see the working-class Italian American as a Guido or Guidette - part of a tasteless, uneducated […] group of characters with vulgar gold chains, big hair, and abrasive manners."

Style
Clothing often associated with the "Guido" stereotype includes gold chains (often herringbone chains, figaro chains, cornicellos, or saints' medallions), pinky rings, oversized gold or silver crucifixes; rosaries worn as necklaces, working class clothing such as plain white T-shirts, muscle shirts, sleeveless undershirts or "guinea Ts"; leather jackets; sweat or tracksuits; coppola caps or scally caps; unbuttoned or open dress shirts, especially paired with sleeveless undershirts; Italian knit shirts, designer brand T-shirts such as Armani, and often typical Southern Italian "tamarro" or "truzzo" club dress. Slicked-back hair and pompadours, blowouts, tapers, quiffs, fades and heavily pomaded hair are also common stereotypes.

title: Guido (slang)


text:
Michael Nunn

Michael John Nunn (born April 14, 1963) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1984 to 2002. He is a two-weight world champion, having held the IBF middleweight title from 1988 to 1991, and the WBA super middleweight title from 1992 to 1994. During both those reigns, he also held the lineal championship. In 2004, Nunn was sentenced to 24 years in prison for drug trafficking; he was released in February 2019.

Amateur career
Nunn won three Iowa Golden Gloves titles and posted an amateur record of 168-8. At the 1984 Olympic trials, U.S. boxing officials asked Nunn, who was boxing as a 156-pounder, to move up to the 165-pound division. They wanted to clear the way for Frank Tate, the eventual Olympic gold medalist, who was being heralded as America's next great middleweight. Tate's last loss was to Nunn.

After agreeing to move up in weight, Nunn boxed Virgil Hill at the Olympic trials in Fort Worth, Texas. Hill defeated Nunn by a 4-1 decision. Nunn and Hill boxed again at the Olympic box-offs in Las Vegas, Nevada. Nunn won the first box-off by a 5-0 decision. In the second box-off, Hill dropped Nunn and won by a 5-0 decision to make the Olympic team as the U.S. representative in the 165-pound division.

Middleweight
Nunn turned professional in 1984. After winning his first thirty fights, he fought IBF middleweight title-holder Frank Tate, who was 23-0. The fight took place on July 28, 1988 at Caesar's Palace in Las Vegas. Nunn won the title by a ninth-round knockout.

In his first title defense, he knocked out Juan Roldan in the eighth round. His second defense was a stunning first-round knockout of Sumbu Kalambay to capture the vacant lineal middleweight championship. Nunn's next two title defenses were twelve-round majority decision wins over Iran Barkley and Marlon Starling. For his fifth defense, Nunn went to France and knocked out Donald Curry in ten rounds. On May 10, 1991, in his hometown of Davenport, Iowa, Nunn lost his title in a big upset to James Toney. Nunn, well ahead on points after ten rounds, was knocked out after being dropped by a left hook in the eleventh round.

Super middleweight
After the loss, Nunn moved up a weight division to super middleweight and won the NABF title with a tenth-round stoppage against Randall Yonker. On September 12, 1992, Nunn won the WBA and lineal super middleweight titles with a controversial twelve-round split decision over Victor Cordoba. The WBA ordered a rematch, which took place on January 30, 1993. Nunn fought much better in the rematch, winning by a one-sided twelve-round unanimous decision.

In his fifth title defense, Nunn lost the title to Steve Little by a twelve-round split decision on February 26, 1994, in another huge upset. On December 17, 1994, Nunn traveled to Ecuador to fight Frankie Liles in an attempt to regain the lineal and WBA super middleweight titles. In a very close fight, Liles, who had defeated Little in his previous fight to win the title, defeated Nunn by a twelve-round unanimous decision.

Light heavyweight
After nine consecutive wins, Nunn got another title shot. On March 21, 1998, he fought Graciano Rocchigiani for the vacant WBC light heavyweight title in Germany. Nunn lost by a twelve-round split decision, with the judges favouring Rocchigiani's fewer, more solid punches over Nunn's much higher volume of lighter shots.

On January 23, 2002, Nunn defeated Vinson Durhan by a ten-round unanimous decision at Caesars Indiana in Bridgeport, Indiana. It would be his last fight. He finished with a record of 58-4 with 37 knockouts.

Arrest and sentencing
On August 6, 2002, at a hotel in his hometown of Davenport, Iowa, Nunn was arrested after paying an undercover agent $200 for one kilogram of cocaine, which had a street value of $24,000. In May 2003, he pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to distribute cocaine. The following January, Nunn was sentenced to 292 months in federal prison by U.S. District Judge William Gritzer, who agreed to a higher sentencing guideline after considering Nunn's long history of drug trafficking and the likelihood that he used a firearm during drug deals.

During the three-day sentencing hearing, prosecutors called witnesses who testified about Nunn's drug activity dating back to 1993. Nunn, who accepted responsibility for buying drugs in August 2002, denied his involvement in drug trafficking. He pointed out that several of the witnesses were in prison and could have their sentences reduced for providing testimony.

Nunn, who was defiant throughout the hearing, accused government lawyers of lying and scheming against him. "You guys haven't shown me nothing," Nunn said in his statement to the judge. "Where are your facts, Mr. Prosecutor?"

Nunn was released from federal prison on August 8, 2019.

Personal
Nunn's brother in law is Roger Craig, a professional American football player who married Nunn's sister.

title: Michael Nunn


text:
Talk:Platform framing

Proposed merge of Light frame construction
The term platform framing and a large part of the content of the article are very North American-centric in terminology and application. The Light frame construction article seems to lend itself more to a universal application. The latter is also a more extensive discussion, so I would vote for a merge of the former into the latter, rather than the other way around or leave as they are to retain the North American specific info if desired. A viewpoint from down under ;) SilentC 06:55, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I must say I've had second thoughts about the merge since I put up the notice a couple of months ago. I don't know anything about light frame construction outside of North America, but this would be the place to give a brief description of the different methods and talk about it more extensively in other articles parallel to the platform framing and balloon framing articles. However, most of the description of light frame construction in the article is about platform framing (where the stud walls rest on the floors) as opposed to balloon framing (where the floors are attached to the studs). That is what led to the merger proposal. How do you frame houses in Oz? Luigizanasi 01:16, 13 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Platform framing is the most common method here too - they just don't use the term outside of textbooks. It's really just some of the terminology and some of the construction details that are not applicable here. Obviously our stuff is all metric and there are different standards. The platform is either a slab (raft, infill, or suspended) or brick/steel/concrete piers, bearers and joists. We are starting to use treated timber for sub-floor but it's not mandatory in most situations. Bracing is still mostly steel strapping with ply brace units at corners. Ply is way more expensive here than in the US and Canada. They have vastly different standards in the northern parts of Australia due to cyclonic conditions. Not sure what to suggest - whether to try and generalise the platform framing article so that it applies across the board, or to try a merge. SilentC 02:03, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

I have removed the merge notice. Light-frame construction is a more generic article that covers not only platform framing, but also balloon framing and steel stud framing. Luigizanasi 21:49, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

To demonstrate what is written. Adam850 07:36, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Merge
I have moved Light frame construction, Balloon framing, Wall framing, and Platform framing to Framing (construction). The idea being that this, together could constitute a GA or FA eventually. Obviously some major cleanup needs to take place as well as referencing. And, indeed, if some of the sections prove to be long enough through expansion, they could again be broken off into their own separate articles per WP:SUMMARY. Hopefully this doesn't step on any toes. IvoShandor 10:54, 16 March 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Platform framing


text:
Jed the Fish

Edwin Jed Fish Gould III (born July 15, 1955), known to radio listeners as "Jed the Fish", is a disc jockey who hosted afternoon drive on KROQ-FM in Los Angeles, from 1978 to 2012. He interviewed alternative acts such as Brian Eno, David Bowie, Sting, and Elvis Costello. An early supporter of new wave and alternative bands, Jed the Fish is reputed to have been the first US DJ to play Depeche Mode, Duran Duran, and the Pretenders, helping KROQ establish itself as an influential radio station of the 1980s and 1990s.

Career
Jed the Fish began his radio broadcasting career while being a student at Casa Grande High School in Casa Grande, Arizona. He earned his First Class Radiotelephone Operator License in 1971 at age 16, programming and hosting a radio program targeted at the "youth market" on KPIN-AM.

From 1994 to July 2013, Jed hosted the nationally syndicated show Out of Order. Out of Order is two hours long and is syndicated by Dial Global.

From 2012–2018 Jed the Fish was also an air personality at radio station KCSN, where he programmed his own show.

In 2018, he became a DJ at Los Angeles' KLOS.

In February 2019, Jed the Fish joined the Roq of the 80s lineup on KROQ HD2 station on radio.com (now audacy.com) on Sundays from 6pm to midnight PST.

In addition to his on-air work, Jed the Fish produced the Southern California punk band El Centro debut album in 1995 and the remix track “Thing” on Meg Lee Chin’s Junkies and Snakes in 2000.

Awards
In 1997 and 1999, Jed was awarded the Billboard Modern Rock Personality of the Year award''. ''

In 1998, Jed received an award for the Radio & Records Local Modern Rock Personality of the Year.

Jed the Fish was awarded Billboard's Major Market Alternative Radio Personality of the year in 1998 and 2000 (in 1999 his co-workers Kevin and Bean received the award). He won Album Network's Alternative All Stars award for Virtuallyalternative Radio Personality in 1999 and 2000.

In 2004, he tied for 8th place along with former 102.7 KIIS-FM DJ Rick Dees as one of LA Radio's top ten most influential radio people described as “amazingly inventive” and "the best pure disc jockey in Los Angeles".

Personal life
In 1994, Jed the Fish purchased a 1894 Queen Anne Victorian estate home in Pasadena, California. The estate was featured in Lucille Ball's 1968 film Yours, Mine, Ours.

Jed the Fish is a graduate of USC's Annenberg School of Journalism with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Broadcast Journalism in 1978. He is also a drummer, sitting in on drums for John Dolmayan during the KROQ Weenie Roast performance of System of a Down in 2002.

Other media

 * Jed the Fish is shown on the cover of Reel Big Fish's album, Turn The Radio Off
 * Jed the Fish appears as himself in the game show "Win, Lose, or Draw: KRTH vs KROQ" in 1988
 * Jed the Fish appears as a Radio Announcer in the film Night Angel in 1990
 * Jed the Fish appears as himself in 1984 in Surf II
 * Jed the Fish appears as himself in the 2003 documentary Mayor of the Sunset Strip, about Rodney Bingenheimer.

title: Jed the Fish


text:
Talk:Swedish Bikini Team

Comments
Wait, so they're americans pretending to be swedish. So the page shouldn't be put under the category of Swedish Models.

I have seen the Playboy issue featuring these women but not the original advertisements. Until now I had thought the entire concept had been invented by Playboy.

Anyway, what's with the American stereotypical view of all Swedes being beautiful blonde women? It certainly doesn't fit in what some other countries think of Swedes. Particularly, we Finns have a stereotype of all Swedish men being homosexual. — J I P | Talk 06:56, 12 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't know the root of the stereotype of Swedes from the American viewpoint. And yes, I'm an American.  "Why?" can be said for many ethnic stereotypes.  I'm pretty sure that your stereotypes of Italians, Mexicans, and Japanese for example aren't exactly in line with the American stereotypes of those ethnicities.  To Americans they are, respectively, gangsters, lazy, and Kung Fu masters. Dismas|(talk) 09:04, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Why do they have Danish names if they are supposed to be Swedes? Ignorance on the behalf of the creators?
 * Because the names sound Swedish to your average American. Dismas |(talk) 19:20, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

why the hell are they doing this?
 * "Why the hell did they do this?" would be the more appropriate question since the "team" hasn't appeared in any media for years. And as the article states, it was just an advertising gimmick.  Did it work?  I don't know, you'd have to ask the Pabst people.  Dismas |(talk) 19:20, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

The article labels it an "American stereotype" that Swedish women are blond and have large breasts. I think that's inaccurate since it is well known worldwide that statistically Swedish women are blond and have big breasts. I think this calls for a rewrite. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.92.107.127 (talk) 17:10, 31 December 2021 (UTC)

WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
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Notability
I am removing the notability tag. This "beer ad" continues to be a pop cultural reference a decade and a half after its demise. It is featured in male oriented comedies, currently airing on cable networks. Googling the term "Swedish Bikini Team" returns 215 hits. I use it. I know that alone does not make it notable, but there are a lot of things less obscure than this that rank encyclopedic virtue.

Nearly a generation has passed, and I believe as the source of choice for millions, this warrants an entry, if one person's inquiry is sated by this article.

---K3vin (talk) 01:54, 17 April 2009 (UTC) K3vin (talk)

title: Talk:Swedish Bikini Team