text:
Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou

Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou is the name for a group of eight Chinese painters active in the eighteenth century who were known in the Qing Dynasty for rejecting the orthodox ideas about painting in favor of a style deemed expressive and individualist.

The term was also used because they each had strong personalities at variance with the conventions of their own time. Most of them were from impoverished or troubled backgrounds. Still, the term is, generally, more a statement about their artistic style than any social eccentricities.

The eight had an influence on and association with painters like Gao Fenghan, as well as several others.

The Eight
The generally accepted list is:
 * Wāng ShìShèn (汪士慎) (1686–1759)
 * Huáng Shèn (黄慎) (1687–1768)
 * Lĭ Shàn (李鱓/李鳝) (1686?–1756)
 * Jīn Nóng (金农) (1687–1764)
 * Luō Pìn (罗聘) (1733–1799)
 * Gāo Xiáng (高翔) (1688–1753)
 * Zhèng Xiè (郑燮), also known as Zhèng BănQiáo (郑板桥) (1693–1765)
 * Lĭ FāngYīng (李方膺) (1696–1755)

Alternate lists include:
 * 1) Huang Shen, Li Shan, Jin Nong, Zheng Xie, Li Fangying, Gao Fenghan, Bian Shoumin, Yang Fa
 * 2) Wang Shishen, Huang Shen, Li Shan, Jin Nong, Luo Pin, Zheng Xie, Min Zhen, Gao Fenghan

title: Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou


text:
Littl'ans

Littl'ans are an English alternative rock band, who have had marginal success.

The Littl'ans consist of Andrew Aveling on vocals/guitar, Alex Mahood on lead guitar, Ryan Blagrove on bass and Ben Clarke on drums/vocals.

They supported Babyshambles on their autumn 2005 tour, alongside playing other dates with them in 2006, and embarked on their own Club NME tour nationwide in the late months of 2005.

They released a single with Pete Doherty titled "Their Way" on 17 October 2005. Written by Aveling, Doherty liked the song so much he asked to sing on it. Many wrongly have reported Doherty wrote and performed this song as an apology for "stealing" Babyshambles band members Patrick Walden and Adam Ficek from Aveling's old band, The White Sport. This is false, as The White Sport had broken up before Walden had joined Babyshambles, Ficek did not join until later in Babyshambles career. The song reached number 22 in the UK Singles Chart and number 2 in the UK Indie Chart.

Littl'ans have also been linked with Hedi Slimane, head designer for Dior Homme. Littl'ans wrote the soundtrack to the Dior Homme Spring/Summer 2007 catwalk show. The song was called "We Look Good Together".

Littl'ans recorded their debut album in New York and it was released in July 2008 on Revtone (USA), Vital (UK) and Vinyl Junkie (Japan).

On 21 March 2009, the band performed at the 2009 South by Southwest festival in Austin, Texas.

Albums

 * Primitive World - 2 July 2008, Revtone

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Littl'ans


text:
Chargeback

A chargeback is a return of money to a payer of a transaction, especially a credit card transaction. Most commonly the payer is a consumer. The chargeback reverses a money transfer from the consumer's bank account, line of credit, or credit card. The chargeback is ordered by the bank that issued the consumer's payment card. In the distribution industry, a chargeback occurs when the supplier sells a product at a higher price to the distributor than the price they have set with the end user. The distributor submits a chargeback to the supplier so they can recover the money lost in the transaction.

United States overview
The chargeback mechanism exists primarily for consumer protection. Holders of credit cards issued in the United States are afforded reversal rights by Regulation Z of the Truth in Lending Act. United States debit card holders are guaranteed reversal rights by Regulation E of the Electronic Fund Transfer Act. Similar rights extend globally, pursuant to the rules established by the corresponding card association or bank network.

A consumer may initiate a chargeback by contacting their issuing bank and filing a substantiated complaint regarding one or more debit items on their statement. The threat of forced reversal of funds provides merchants with an incentive to provide quality products, helpful customer service, and timely refunds as appropriate. Chargebacks provide a means for reversal of unauthorized transfers due to identity theft. Chargebacks can also occur as a result of friendly fraud, where the transaction was authorized by the consumer but the consumer later attempts to fraudulently reverse the charges. Card association chargeback rules are available online for public inspection and review. They comprise a system for adjudicating transaction disputes between cardholders and merchants, primarily where the issues can be resolved based on documentary evidence incident to the transaction. The rules provide for arbitration of issues by the card association. This may occur where the card issuer generates a second (or "arbitration") chargeback against the merchant, after receiving the merchant's response to the initial chargeback. Normally this would require the cardholder to rebut elements of the merchant's response. The second chargeback results in a second crediting of the cardholder's account for the disputed funds, after having been credited back to the merchant with its response to the initial chargeback. The merchant's only recourse after the second chargeback is to initiate arbitration of the dispute by the card association. The fee for this is on the order of $250, and the arbitration loser is obligated to pay the costs of the arbitration.

Reason codes
With each chargeback the issuer selects and submits a numeric reason code. This feedback may help the merchant and acquirer diagnose errors and improve customer satisfaction. Reason codes vary by bank network, but fall in four general categories:
 * Technical: Expired authorization, non-sufficient funds, or bank processing error.
 * Clerical: Duplicate billing, incorrect amount billed, or refund never issued.
 * Quality: Consumer claims to have never received the goods as promised at the time of purchase.
 * Fraud: Consumer claims they did not authorize the purchase or was a victim of identity theft.

One of the most common reasons for a chargeback is a fraudulent transaction. In this case, a credit card is used without the consent or proper authorization of the card holder. In some cases, a merchant is responsible for charges fraudulently imposed on a customer. Fraudulent card transactions often originate with criminals who gain access to secure payment card data and set up schemes to exploit the data. In cases of card not present transactions the merchant is usually responsible for the chargeback and associated fees. After the adoption of EMV (cards with a chip in them), merchants who have not upgraded to EMV technology usually become liable for chargebacks received (unless others in the payment chain have also not upgraded) even in cases where prior to EMV adoption the merchant would not have been liable.

Chargebacks can result from not receiving credit for returned merchandise, not receiving items they have paid for, or if the items were not what they expected. In these examples, the merchant is responsible for issuing credit to its customer and would be subject to a chargeback. Other reasons include charging the consumer twice for a single transaction or charging an account after the bank declined the transaction.

Merchant recourse
For transactions where the original invoice was signed by the consumer, the merchant may dispute a chargeback with the assistance of the merchant's acquiring bank. The acquirer and issuer mediate in the dispute process, following rules set forth by the corresponding bank network or card association. If the acquirer prevails in the dispute, the funds are returned to the acquirer, and then to the merchant. Only 21% of chargebacks lodged globally are decided in favour of the merchant. The 2014 Cybersource Fraud Benchmark Report found that only 60% of chargebacks are disputed by merchants, and that merchants have a success rate of about 41% with those they do re-present.

To address these more effectively, technology companies have written code and built algorithms that help merchants determine if chargebacks are legitimate or fraudulent.

Merchant penalties
The merchant's acquiring bank accepts the risk that the merchant will remain solvent over time as during a chargeback it has to return the funds to the cardholder, and that sum then has to be received back from the merchant, and thus has an incentive to take a keen interest in the merchant's products and business practices. Reducing consumer chargebacks is crucial to this endeavor. To encourage compliance, acquirers may charge merchants a penalty for each chargeback received. Payment service providers, such as PayPal, have a similar policy. PayPal Merchant charges $20 for each chargeback, when the transaction isn't covered by seller protection (regardless of whether or not it is the first) plus it will retain the original transaction fee.

In addition, Visa and MasterCard may levy severe penalties against acquiring banks that retain merchants with high chargeback frequency. Acquirers typically pass such fines directly to the merchant. Merchants whose ratios stray too far out of compliance may trigger card association fines of $100 or more per chargeback. Merchant service providers may ultimately decline to provide an account for businesses with too high of a chargeback ratio.

Other types
Accounts may also incur credit reversals in other forms. ATM reversals occur when an ATM deposit envelope is found to have fewer funds than represented by the depositor. A chargeback is made to correct the error. This could result due to a counting error or intentional fraud by the account holder, or the envelope or its contents could have been lost or stolen.

Chargebacks also occur when a bank error credits an account with more funds than intended. The bank makes a chargeback to correct the error. If an overdraft results and it cannot be covered in time, the bank could sue or press criminal charges. When a direct deposit is made to the wrong account holder or in a greater amount than intended a chargeback is made to correct the error. Finally, chargebacks occur when an account holder deposits a check or money order and the deposited item is returned due to non-sufficient funds, a closed account, or being discovered to be counterfeit, stolen, altered, or forged.

Banks may sue account holders or press criminal charges when chargebacks are required due to fraudulent activity and insufficient funds are in the account to cover the chargebacks.

Negative database
Merchants sometimes maintain a record of customers who chargeback regularly, in a "negative database".

title: Chargeback


text:
Cen Changqian

Cen Changqian (died November 7, 691 ), briefly known as Wu Changqian (武長倩) during the reign of Wu Zetian, formally the Duke of Deng (鄧公), was a Chinese military general and politician of the Tang and Wu Zhou dynasties of China, serving as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Gaozong as well as Wu Zetian's reign and her earlier regency over her sons Emperor Zhongzong and Emperor Ruizong. In 691, he offended Wu Zetian by opposing the movement to declare her nephew Wu Chengsi crown prince (thus displacing the former Emperor Ruizong, whom she demoted to crown prince status in 690 after taking the throne herself), and he, along with his fellow chancellors Ge Fuyuan and Ouyang Tong, were accused of treason and executed.

Background
It is not known when Cen Changqian was born. His father was Cen Wenshu (岑文叔), an older brother of Cen Wenben, who served as chancellor during the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang. Cen Wenshu died early, so Cen Wenben raised Cen Changqian as his own son.

During Emperor Gaozong's reign
As of 682, late in the reign of Emperor Gaozong, Cen Changqian was serving as the deputy minister of defense, when he was given the designation Tong Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (同中書門下平章事), making him a chancellor de facto.

During Empress Dowager Wu's regency
Emperor Gaozong died in 683, and while his son Li Zhe succeeded him (as Emperor Zhongzong), his very powerful wife Empress Wu (later known as Wu Zetian) took over all power as regent and empress dowager. In spring 684, when Emperor Zhongzong displayed signs of independence, Empress Dowager Wu by official order deposed him and replaced him with his younger brother Li Dan the Prince of Yu (as Emperor Ruizong). However, Empress Dowager Wu held onto power even more firmly thereafter.

in 686, Cen, who was by that point minister of defense, was made Neishi (內史)—the head of the legislative bureau of government (鳳閣, Feng Ge) and a post considered one for a chancellor; he also continued to serve as minister of defense. In 688, when Emperor Gaozong's brother Li Zhen, the Prince of Yue, and Li Zhen's son Li Chong (李沖), the Prince of Langye, suspecting that Empress Dowager Wu was set on seizing the throne herself, rose in rebellion, Cen was one of the generals that Empress Dowager Wu sent against Li Zhen. Li Zhen was quickly defeated, and it is not clear whether Cen participated in Li Zhen's defeat.

In 690, Cen was made Wenchang Youxiang (文昌右相), one of the heads of the executive bureau of government (文昌臺, Wenchang Tai), and also carried the designation Tong Fengge Luantai Sanpin (同鳳閣鸞臺三品), signifying that he was still a chancellor.

During Wu Zetian's reign
Later in 690, Empress Dowager Wu took the throne herself (and was thereafter known as Wu Zetian) and took the title of "emperor," demoting Emperor Ruizong to be crown prince, but with the unusual title of Huang Si (皇嗣) rather than the usual title of Huang Taizi (皇太子), and she changed the name of the state from Tang to Zhou (周). She encouraged people to submit signs of fortune and of Zhou's rise, and it was said that Cen Changqian, apprehensive of his situation, submitted a proposal to have Crown Prince Dan's surname changed from Li to Wu, which Wu Zetian accepted. To reward Cen, she created him the Duke of Deng, and further bestowed on him the surname of Wu as well as the honorific title Tejin (特進).

However, Cen would soon offend Wu Zetian and her Wu clan members. There had been a movement started by the official Zhang Jiafu and the commoner Wang Qingzhi (王慶之) to have Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Chengsi made crown prince—under the theory that given that Wu Zetian was now emperor, she should be succeeded by a member of the Wu clan rather than her husband's Li clan. They circulated a petition among officials, and Cen refused to sign—and further suggested to Wu Zetian that, as Wu Dan was already crown prince, this proposal should be firmly rejected and that the group of people that Zhang and Wang had gathered before the palace to petition Wu Zetian should be disbanded. He was supported in this by fellow chancellor Ge Fuyuan. Cen and Ge's actions offended both Wu Zetian and her Wu clan members.

At that time Buddhist monks from He Prefecture (和州, roughly modern Chaohu, Anhui) submitted a sutra, the Dayun Sutra (大雲經), which purportedly foretold Wu Zetian's rise to power. Wu Zetian issued an edict that this find be commemorated by the construction of the impressive Dayun Temple (大雲寺). Cen opposed this as well, further drawing her displeasure. To remove Cen from the capital Luoyang, in late 690, she ordered him lead an army against the Tufan, but even before his army could reach the front, she recalled him to Luoyang and imprisoned him. One of Wu Zetian's favored secret police officials, Lai Junchen, then tortured Cen's son who was serving as Magistrate of Lingyuan (靈源) and obtained a confession implicating Ge and fellow chancellor Ouyang Tong, as well as a large group of other officials. In winter 691, Cen Changqian, Ge, and Ouyang were all executed. Cen Changqian's five sons were forced to commit suicide, and his ancestral tombs were destroyed. Dozens upon dozens of officials and their relatives (including Cen's) were executed, exiled, or fled to Southern China during the reign of Wu Zetian. After Emperor Ruizong was eventually restored to the throne in 710, he restored Cen's titles and reburied him with honor. His nephew (actually son of his cousin i.e. a grandson of Cen Wenben) Cen Xi later also served as a chancellor during Emperor Ruizong's and Emperor Xuanzong's reigns.

Notes and references

 * Old Book of Tang, vol. 70.
 * New Book of Tang, vol. 102.
 * Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 203, 204.

title: Cen Changqian


text: User talk:202.156.6.61

title: User talk:202.156.6.61


text:
User talk:Curtlindsay

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! --Merovingian (t) (c) 08:53, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Image:Trey M357614.jpg
When I looked for the image Image:Trey M357614.jpg, which you uploaded, at the URL you provided, I found nothing saying that the copyright holder allows it to be used for any purpose, which is the copyright tag you put on it. Why do you believe the image to be released without restrictions? I'll hold off acting on it for a couple of days to give you time to respond. Thanks. Chick Bowen 22:10, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

Image:Trey M357614.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:Trey M357614.jpg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. —Bkell (talk) 23:03, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Curtlindsay


text:
Hungarian naming conventions

The term "Hungarian naming conventions" may refer to:

 * Hungarian names, names and naming as they are used in Hungary
 * Eastern name order, the practice of beginning a personal name with the family name and ending with the given name
 * Hungarian notation, a system used in computer programming

title: Hungarian naming conventions


text:
Hearst Greek Theatre

The William Randolph Hearst Greek Theatre, known locally as simply the Greek Theatre, is an 8,500-seat Greek Theatre owned and operated by the University of California, Berkeley in Berkeley, California, United States.

The Greek Theatre hosts The Berkeley Jazz Festival, pop, rock, and world music concerts, UC Berkeley graduation ceremonies, occasional addresses by noted speakers, and other events. Past speakers include President Theodore Roosevelt, William Randolph Hearst, Bishop Desmond Tutu, and the Dalai Lama.

Architecture
The Hearst Greek Theater was built in 1903 on the site of a rough outdoor bowl already in use as an amphitheater since 1894 known as "Ben Weed's Amphitheater". The project was championed by University of California president Benjamin Ide Wheeler. Its construction was financed by newspaper magnate William Randolph Hearst, after whom it was named.

The Greek Theatre was the first university building designed by John Galen Howard. Architect Julia Morgan assisted with the design. The design of the theater is based directly on the ancient Greek theater of Epidaurus.

In 1957, a basement backstage area was added, which was designed by architect Ernest Born. It includes a large plaza flanked by two stage-level constructions.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

In May 2012, a seismic retrofit and expansion was designed by Palo Alto architecture firm, CAW Architects and constructed by Overaa Construction. Four new reinforced concrete columns were added and concealed in the original structure.

History
The Greek Theatre officially opened on September 24, 1903, with a student production of The Birds by Aristophanes. However, while still under construction in May 1903, the theatre hosted a graduation ceremony with an address by President Theodore Roosevelt, who was a friend of Wheeler's from New York.

In 1967 The Grateful Dead played the Greek for the first time, and went on to play 29 total concerts by 1989.

Over the years, the Greek Theatre has seen performances from hundreds of musical and theatrical artists. The Greek has also long been the venue for a number of annual events including departmental graduation ceremonies, the commencement convocation for graduating seniors, and the Bonfire Rally before the Big Game each year with Stanford. Charter Day ceremonies and inaugurations of University of California presidents and Berkeley chancellors have been held at the Greek Theatre with certain exceptions, such as the 1962 Charter Day ceremony at which President John F. Kennedy spoke—held at California Memorial Stadium for its larger capacity. Another Planet Entertainment became the exclusive concert promoter at the Greek in 2004.

Physical Structure
The Greek Theatre is a solid structure characterized by two main components: seating and stage. Positioned in a natural amphitheater just north of Bowles Hall, above Gayley Road, the site takes advantage of the hill's semicircular shape, creating an open-air space oriented towards the west.

The seating area features a grassy mound at the top of the bowl, leading to 19 rows of concrete benches that cascade down the slope, forming a semi-circle facing the elevated Classical stage on the western side. The configuration includes 11 aisles, with 9 entrances at the top and 11 at the bottom. The lowest tiers, nearest to the stage, boast 28 intricately carved stone chairs. Surrounding the stage are high walls with attached Doric columns and entablatures on three sides, enclosed at both ends by square piers. The central stage entrance is a striking feature, comprising a monumental doorway in an aedicule form with a Classic entablature supported by consoles, adorned with egg and dart molding. Secondary entrances are positioned at the sides of the stage. The backstage area is flanked by storage and utility spaces to the north and south. Access to the main theater is provided through a series of terraces and staircases made of aggregate concrete, located north and south of the stage. Notably, Walter Steilberg, the consulting engineer for the 1957 remodeling, reported the absence of evidence for steel reinforcing in the structure according to his findings.

Significance
The Greek Theatre's architectural significance and its integration with the surrounding environment are integral aspects of its appeal. Echoing this sentiment, Howard remarked, "Combining as it does the monumental and festive character, this form of building is at once impressive and graceful…The pure, simple, big classic forms harmonize exquisitely with the forms of hill and canyon." This blend of grandeur and elegance encapsulates the essence of the structure, reflecting the intellectual and democratic ideals of the early University. Notably, it was the first permanent outdoor theatre in the state, inspired by Greek prototypes.

Referred to as "this noble ensemble of building, sky and garden" by architect Ernest Born, the Greek Theatre has long stood as a symbol of the University's ethos. While not initially part of the University's plans, it became the inaugural completed project of John Galen Howard's architectural vision.

Originally known as "Ben Weed's Amphitheater," after its discoverer, the site had hosted the annual Senior Extravaganza since 1894. President Benjamin Ide Wheeler advocated for its transformation into a more substantial venue for University events, with funding secured from William Randolph Hearst. Architectural historian Joan Draper highlights the parallels perceived between Berkeley and Greek life by key figures involved in the project.

Modeled after the theater at Epidaurus, Howard envisioned elaborate enhancements, including caryatids crowning the back wall and a double colonnade encircling the seating area for 10,000 attendees, all to be clad in marble. However, financial constraints led to scaled-back plans, with private donors contributing inscribed marble chairs based on Greek designs. Collaboration between Howard and Julia Morgan on the plans, possibly including supervision of construction, further enriched the project's legacy.

The Greek Theatre saw its first use, albeit incomplete, on May 16, 1903, hosting President Theodore Roosevelt's commencement address. Formal dedication occurred on September 24, 1903, featuring selections from Aristophanes' The Birds performed in the original Greek. In 1957, Ernest Born introduced enhancements such as new dressing rooms, approaches, lighting, and a roof. These additions, discreetly integrated or separated from the main structure, complement rather than detract from its architectural integrity.

title: Hearst Greek Theatre


text:
Paradise City (novel)

Paradise City is a novel by New York-born author Lorenzo Carcaterra, published in 2004.

Synopsis
Giancarlo Lo Manto, an East Bronx-raised Italian American, returns with his widowed mother to Naples at the age of fifteen. Giancarlo grows up to become an educated yet street-wise cop within the poverty and crime-ridden southern Italian city. His ongoing battle with the city's organized crime families has him in constant contact with his native New York City. Then one day, his young niece, who is on an exchange trip to the city that never sleeps, goes missing resulting in Giancarlo's canceling his holiday to Italy's Isle of Capri in exchange for America's Island of Manhattan to search for her.

title: Paradise City (novel)


text: Template:Rinfret-court

title: Template:Rinfret-court


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/"mavalli tiffin rooms"

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETED by RHaworth after a copyvio rewrite. -Splash talk 17:51, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

"mavalli tiffin rooms"
Notability is not asserted. Appears to be borderline notable. Text reads like an advertisement. The article name is very unorthodox. There seems to be some salvageable content, but there's so much wrong with this article that IMO it would be easier just to delete it than to fix it. I would love to be proven wrong, though. :) Ashenai 08:56, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, I don't see much hope for this. --Merovingian (t) (c) 10:21, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Research proves that there's plenty of hope, and Ashenai is partially wrong. Deletion is only required because the text is a copyright violation, lifted word-for-word from an article in Chennai Online.  If it were not for that, one could simply blank and rewrite from scratch (and I started off by doing exactly that until I reached the fourth source on my list and discovered the copyright violation).  This famous Bangalorean restaurant satisfies the WP:CORP notability criteria by a comfortable margin, with plenty of independently sourced material having been published about the institution.  See the references listed in the rewrite article at "mavalli tiffin rooms"/Temp for starters.  Keep (the rewrite article) and rename to Mavalli Tiffin Rooms. Uncle G 12:42, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Category:Forts in Hong Kong

title: Category:Forts in Hong Kong


text:
Matt Warburton

Matthew Warburton (born February 7, 1978) is an American television writer.

Early life
Warburton grew up in northern Ohio and attended Strongsville High School. He has a degree in cognitive neuroscience from Harvard University.

Career
Warburton worked for 11 years as a writer and co-executive producer on the Fox animated series The Simpsons, leaving the show in December 2012. He worked as a writer (consulting editor) on the NBC comedy series Community, joining during the show's third season and then became executive producer and writer for the Fox comedy The Mindy Project.

The Simpsons episodes

 * "Tales from the Public Domain" (Do the Bard, Man) (2002)
 * "Three Gays of the Condo" (2003)
 * "Co-Dependents' Day" (2004)
 * "The Father, the Son, and the Holy Guest Star" (2005)
 * "Please Homer, Don't Hammer 'Em..." (2006)
 * "Moe'N'a Lisa" (2006)
 * "Springfield Up" (2007)
 * "Treehouse of Horror XIX" (2008)
 * "The Squirt and the Whale" (2010)
 * "The Great Simpsina" (2011)
 * "A Totally Fun Thing That Bart Will Never Do Again" (2012)

Community episodes

 * Digital Estate Planning (2012)

The Mindy Project episodes

 * "In The Club" (2012)
 * "Danny's Friend" (2012)
 * "Music Festival" (2013)
 * "Crimes & Misdeamors & Ex-BFs" (2014)
 * "Danny Castellano Is My Nutrionist" (2015)
 * "C Is For Coward" (2015)
 * "The Parent Trap" (2015)
 * "When Mindy Met Danny" (2015)
 * "Will They or Won't They" (2016)
 * "Bernardo & Anita" (2016)
 * "Nurses Strike" (2016)
 * "Hot Mess Time Machine" (2017)
 * "May Divorce Be With You" (2017)
 * "Danny in Real Life" (2017)
 * "It Had To Be You" (2017)

Champions episodes

 * "Vincemas" (2018)
 * "Nepotism" (2018)

Four Weddings and a Funeral episodes

 * "Kash with a K" (2019)
 * "We Broke" (2019)
 * "New Jersey" (2019)

The Sex Lives of College Girls episodes

 * That Comment Tho (2021)

title: Matt Warburton


text:
Wang Benli

Wang Benli (王本立) (died 4 February 690 ) was a Chinese military general and politician during the Tang dynasty, serving as chancellor during the first reign of Emperor Ruizong.

Background
Little is known about Wang Benli's career before his brief stint as chancellor; atypical for a chancellor, he did not have a biography in either the Old Book of Tang or the New Book of Tang. Further, it is not known where his family was from, as he was not listed among any branch of the Wang clan in the table of chancellors' family trees. The first reference to him in historical accounts was in 679, when he was serving as a secretary at the executive bureau of government (尚書省, Shangshu Sheng). He was said to be favored by Emperor Gaozong and, on account of that favor, was committing many illegal deeds and intimidating other officials. The censor, Di Renjie, accused him of crimes, and initially, Emperor Gaozong was set to pardon him. At Di's insistence—pointing out that the empire did not lack people with Wang's talent—Emperor Gaozong relented and allowed Wang to be punished.

By 683, Wang was serving as the commandant at Sheng Prefecture (勝州, in modern Hohhot, Inner Mongolia), when Eastern Tujue's khan Ashina Gudulu attacked the nearby Chanyu Protector General headquarters (單于總督府, also in modern Hohhot), capturing and killing the official Zhang Xingshi (張行師). Emperor Gaozong sent Wang, along with Li Chongyi (李崇義) the commandant at Xia Prefecture (夏州, roughly modern Yulin, Shaanxi), to defend against the Eastern Tujue attack, but historical accounts did not indicate what the results were.

During Empress dowager's Wu regency
Emperor Gaozong died later in 683 and was succeeded by his son Li Zhe the Crown Prince (as Emperor Zhongzong), but Emperor Gaozong's powerful wife Empress Wu (later known as Wu Zetian) retained actual power as empress dowager and regent. In spring 684, after he showed signs of independence, she deposed him and replaced him with his younger brother Li Dan the Prince of Yu (as Emperor Ruizong), but thereafter wielded power even more firmly. In 687, when her trusted advisor, the chancellor Liu Yizhi was accused of accepting bribes from the Khitan chieftain Sun Wanrong and conducting an affair with a concubine of the deceased chancellor Xu Jingzong. (Historical accounts imply heavily that the real reason why Liu was accused was because Empress Dowager Wu had received reports that he favored that she return imperial authority to Emperor Ruizong, which she saw as a betrayal.) Empress Dowager Wu ordered Wang Benli, who was then serving as the prefect of Su Prefecture (肅州, roughly modern Jiuquan, Gansu), to investigate. When Wang went to Liu's mansion to read Empress Dowager Wu's edict to Liu, Liu responded, "How can it be called an edict if it was not issued through the legislative and examination bureaus?" When Wang reported this comment back to Empress Dowager Wu, she became incensed and ordered Liu to commit suicide.

By 688, Wang was serving as the deputy minister of defense (夏官侍郎, Xiaguan Shilang), when he was given the designation Tong Fengge Luantai Pingzhangshi (同鳳閣鸞臺平章事), making him a chancellor de facto. In 689, his chancellor designation was elevated to the more honored Tong Fengge Luantai Sanpin (同鳳閣鸞臺三品). By spring 690, he was referred to as chancellor and imperial censor reviewing central government affairs (左肅政大夫, Zuo Suzheng Daifu), when he was removed as a chancellor and made the minister of treasury (地官尚書, Diguan Shangsu). He died one month later—with the Zizhi Tongjian not giving a cause for his death, but the chronology of Empress Dowager Wu's regency and reign in the New Book of Tang indicating that he was executed.

Notes and references

 * Zizhi Tongjian, vols. 202, 203, 204.

title: Wang Benli


text:
Deng Sui

Deng Sui (81 – 17 April 121 ), formally Empress Hexi, was an empress of the Eastern Han dynasty through her marriage to Emperor He of Han, and later its de facto ruler. Acting as regent twice for Emperor Shang, and then for Emperor An. Deng Sui was recognized as a merciful, intelligent leader who guided the dynasty well through a period of excessive natural disaster, disastrous famine, court intrigues, economic inflation and costly military conflicts, and she overcame all the problems and organized the government; as well as a staunch opponent of corruption and bribery, and an effective patron of education and the arts, which fostered growth and development in state. She is considered to be one of the Han dynasty's last effective rulers.

Beginning as an imperial consort to Emperor He, she managed to gain favor in the court through her humble and virtuous disposition, as well as her intelligence. She never wore lavish clothes, and refused any special privileges and gifts given to her. She gained the affections of He by expressing her concerns about him producing an heir, and suggesting other concubines that could possibly bear him one. Deng was also known for her beauty, which was recorded in many accounts and was undoubtedly the reason that He became enamored with her. Her influence in court caused He's wife, Empress Yin, to grow jealous, despite Deng's generosity towards her. Deng tried to forge a good relationship with Yin through acts of courtesy and respect, but Yin's jealousy caused her to resent Deng. Her jealousy towards Deng continued to grow until Yin was deposed due to accusations of her committing witchcraft, possibly to curse Deng. The Yin clan was exiled, and Yin later died. The same year, Deng was made empress.

As empress, Deng continued to be a humble and virtuous person. She used her status as empress to promote education and became a patron of scholarship and the arts. She opened up opportunities for scholars to become involved in the aristocracy, and encouraged original thinking, giving way to philosophers such as Ban Zhao, one of China's first known female historians and philosophers, who served as Deng's primary educator and ladies-in-waiting. As part of her humility, and possibly her education, Deng refused any tributes that would have normally been given to an empress, instead opting for paper and ink. She sponsored the usage of paper in the imperial palace, and as a result, she is considered to be responsible for the world's adoption of paper. When Emperor He died, Deng, who had not birthed him any heirs, claimed two sons from He's harem, Liu Sheng and Liu Long, both of whom were sickly. Ruling as empress dowager, she deemed Liu Long to be the less sickly of the two and made him heir. She proceeded to serve as regent for Liu Long, and when he died, she had the cousin of Liu Sheng, Prince Sheng, made heir, whom she served as regent for as well.

As regent, Deng had full control over the kingdom, and she demonstrated her intelligence through her decisions to cut taxes and reduce palace expenses, which provided great relief for the poor. She was known to be a fair leader who did not tolerate corruption, even within her own family. She was also known to be a very merciful ruler, issuing a general pardon to the family members and associates of Empress Dou (Emperor He's mother), who all had grown powerful during Emperor He's time before being toppled in a coup d'etat by He, and issuing law reforms that extended the time allowed for death penalty appeals. Through her rule, she successfully guided the dynasty through a period fraught with severe hailstorms, floods, and droughts through her organization of relief efforts. Additionally, she navigated military conflict with the Xiongnu and Qiang, who were causing disturbances at the borders. Her administration is considered one of the last periods of stable and effective rule during the Eastern Han dynasty, with subsequent rulers drawn into power struggles that gradually destabilized the empire.

Family background and early life
Deng Sui was born in 81 AD in Nanyang. Her father Deng Xun (鄧訓) was the sixth son of Emperor Guangwu's prime minister Deng Yu. Her mother, Lady Yin, was a daughter of a cousin of Emperor Guangwu's wife Empress Yin Lihua. She had a noted interest in studying, being able to read historical texts at age six and being able to recite the Book of Documents and Analects when she was twelve.

She was selected to be in the palace in 95. She became a consort to Emperor He in 96, when she was 15, and he was 17.

She may have been notable for her stature; at 166 centimeters she was two inches taller than the average man of the period.

Imperial consort and empress
When Deng Sui became an imperial consort, Emperor He had already created Empress Yin empress. Empress Yin was described as beautiful but short and clumsy, and she was also known for jealousy. Consort Deng tried to foster a proper relationship with her by being humble, and was described as constantly trying to cover Empress Yin's mistakes. This, however, only drew Empress Yin's jealousy, as Emperor He became impressed with her and considered her one of his favorites. Empress Yin was also not pleased that Consort Deng, concerned that Emperor He was constantly losing sons in childhood, often recommended other consorts for him to have sexual relations with. Once, when Emperor He was ill, Empress Yin made the remark that if she became empress dowager, the Dengs would be slaughtered. Upon hearing that remark, Consort Deng considered committing suicide, and one of her ladies-in-waiting saved her by falsely telling her that the emperor had recovered. However, the emperor did soon recover, so Consort Deng and her family escaped a terrible fate.

In 102, Empress Yin and her grandmother, Deng Zhu (鄧朱), were accused of using witchcraft to curse imperial consorts (probably including Consort Deng). She was deposed and died of sorrow, probably in 102 as well. Emperor He created Consort Deng empress on 21 November of that year to replace her.

As empress, Empress Deng was described as diligent and humble, and she resisted offers by Emperor He to promote her relatives. She was taught by Ban Zhao, whom she made a Lady-in-Waiting.

She also prohibited the commanderies and principalities from offering her tributes—which had been customary for empresses to receive. As Empress, she refused all tributes from abroad, insisting on receiving annual gifts of paper and ink instead.

Regency for Emperor Shang of Han
In 106, with China facing a financial crisis, Emperor He died, creating a succession crisis. Empress Deng and all of the imperial consorts had been without sons for a long time. (Emperor He was described as having had a number of sons who died in young age; it is unclear whether Empresses Yin or Deng ever gave birth, but it appears that they did not.) Late in Emperor He's reign, he had two sons—whose mothers were not mentioned in history—Liu Sheng and Liu Long. Under the superstition of the time, it was thought that they might survive better if they grew up outside the palace in light of their other brothers' early deaths, so both were given to foster parents.

At the time Emperor He died, Liu Sheng, the older son, was still young (but actual age is not recorded in history) and believed to be constantly ill. The younger, Liu Long, was only 100 days old. Both were welcomed back to the palace, and Empress Deng created Liu Long crown prince, believing that he would be healthier, and then that night he was proclaimed emperor, as Emperor Shang. Power was in Empress Dowager Deng's hands, as regent for the infant emperor, and her brother Deng Zhi (鄧騭) quickly became the most powerful official at court. She also sought the advice of Ban Zhao, until her death in 116. She issued a general pardon, which benefitted the people who had rights stripped from them for associating with the family of Empress Dou, whose family had been powerful during the early reign of Emperor He but had been toppled in a coup d'état.

Late in 106, the young emperor died, creating yet another succession crisis. By this time, the officials had realized that Prince Sheng (then Prince of Pingyuan) was not as ill as initially thought, and they generally wanted him to be emperor. However, Empress Dowager Deng, concerned that Prince Sheng would bear a grudge for not having been made emperor first, had other ideas. She insisted on making Emperor Shang's cousin Prince Hu, who was seen by some as the rightful heir, emperor instead. He took the throne as Emperor An, at age 12.

Regency for Emperor An of Han
When Emperor An ascended the throne, his father Liu Qing was still alive, as was his wife Consort Geng—who had remained in the capital Luoyang with him until his ascension. (Emperor An's mother Consort Zuo Xiao'e (左小娥), Liu Qing's concubine, had died sometime earlier.) However, Deng Sui was able to ensure exclusive control over the young emperor still, as empress dowager, by sending Consort Geng to join her husband Liu Qing in his Principality of Qinghe.

Deng Sui showed herself to be an able regent who did not tolerate corruption, even by her own family members. She also carried out criminal law reforms. For example, in 107, she issued an edict that extended the period for death penalty appeals. She cut the expenses of the royal court, like the making of expensive handicrafts such as jade and ivory carvings and sent home palace attendants with superfluous functions. She also demanded less tribute from the provinces. While Empress, she twice opened the imperial granaries to feed the hungry; forced the reduction of income landlords received from the land they rented out; she repaired waterways and cut court rituals and banquets.

In 107, however, there would be major problems on the borders. First, kingdoms of the Western Regions (or Xiyu, modern Xinjiang and Central Asia), which had submitted to Han suzerainty during the times of the great general Ban Chao, had been resisting Ban's successors for some time due to their harsh regulations, and in 107, Empress Dowager Deng finally decreed that Xiyu be abandoned. That same year, Qiang tribes, who had been oppressed by Han officials for more than a decade and fearful that they would be ordered to quell Xiyu rebellions, rebelled themselves. This was a major rebellion, affecting a wide region over modern Shaanxi, Gansu, and northern Sichuan, and Qiang forces even made incursions into modern Shanxi and threatened the capital at one point. The situation became so severe that Deng Zhi considered abandoning Liang Province (涼州, roughly modern Gansu), a proposal that Empress Dowager Deng wisely rejected. The rebellion would not be put down until 118, by which point the western empire was in shambles.

Also, in 107 to 109, there were many natural disasters—floods, droughts, and hail, in different parts of the empire. Empress Dowager Deng was largely effective in organizing disaster relief efforts.

In 109, South Xiongnu, which had been a loyal vassal up to this point, rebelled as well, believing that Han had been so weakened by Qiang rebellions that it would be easy target. However, after Han made a strong show of force, South Xiongnu submitted again and would not become a trouble spot for the rest of Han dynasty.

On 22 November 110, Empress Dowager Deng's mother Lady Yin died. Her brothers resigned their posts to observe a period of mourning for three years, and after initially not approving the request, she eventually did, under female scholar Ban Zhao's suggestion. Even though they were without major government posts, however, they remained powerful advisors. As the years went by, Empress Dowager Deng's original humble nature appeared to entirely wear away as she hung onto power. When some of her relatives and close associates suggested that she transfer power to Emperor An, she became angry at them and would not do so.

Death
In April 121, Empress Dowager Deng died and was buried with her husband Emperor He with full honors on 30 April. Emperor An finally took power at age 28. His wet nurse Wang Sheng (王聖) and trusted eunuchs Li Run (李閏) and Jiang Jing (江京), who had waited for years to have power, falsely accused Empress Dowager Deng of having considered deposing Emperor An and replacing him with his cousin, Liu Yi (劉翼) the Prince of Hejian. In anger, Emperor An removed all of Empress Dowager Deng's relatives from government and forced many of them to commit suicide. Later that year, however, he partially reversed his orders, and some of Empress Dowager Deng's relatives were allowed to return, but the clan had been decimated by then.

Historical assessment
Deng is considered to have ruled "with conspicuous competence." She was regarded as an able and diligent administrator, is considered responsible for the world's first official adoption of paper, and was a patron of the arts. During her regency, she cut palace expenses, provided relief for the poor, was able to meet the challenge of natural disasters including crippling floods, droughts and hailstorms in several parts of the empire, as well as largely quelling wars with Xiongnu and Qiang. She was praised for her attention to criminal justice. Well educated, Empress Deng created new positions for scholars, encouraged original thinking, and was responsible for the standardization of the five classics. She called 70 members of the imperial families to study the classics and oversaw their examinations herself. She is seen as the last effective ruler of the Han Empire, as the later Emperors and Empress Dowagers are pulled into internal power struggles and corruption, leading to the fall of the Empire.

title: Deng Sui


text:
Shipping News

Shipping News was an American post-rock/post-hardcore band. The group formed in the fall of 1996 when members Jason Noble and Jeff Mueller, who were both in Rodan, collaborated to create music for the Chicago-based syndicated National Public Radio program This American Life. Kyle Crabtree was later recruited as drummer which completed the original lineup. In 2004, Todd Cook, former member of Parlour, The For Carnation, and the reunited Slint, was recruited as bass player.

Shipping News appeared on the Louisville installment of Burn to Shine, a DVD series produced by Fugazi drummer Brendan Canty and filmmaker Christoph Green. It was filmed in November 2005 and was premiered in May 2010 and was due to be released on DVD and download before Christmas 2010. Shipping News bass player Todd Cook also appeared with his other band, Dead Child.

Shipping News takes its name from the 1993 novel The Shipping News, by E. Annie Proulx.

In 2009, Noble was diagnosed with synovial sarcoma. He died in 2012 at the age of 40.

Discography

 * 1997: Save Everything - (Quarterstick Records)
 * 1998: Shipping News and The Metroschifter split release - (Initial Records)
 * 2001: Very Soon, and in Pleasant Company - (Quarterstick Records)
 * RMSN EP Series
 * 2003: Three-Four - (Quarterstick Records)
 * 2005: Flies the Fields - (Quarterstick Records)
 * 2010: One Less Heartless To Fear - (Ruminance, Noise Pollution Records)

title: Shipping News


text:
Category talk:Forts in Macau

To include in this category: — Instantnood 08:59, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Fortaleza da Guia
 * Fortaleza de Mong Há
 * Fortaleza do Monte

 * Why is an empty cat created? Populate this immediately, or else it will appear on CFD.--Huaiwei 10:07, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia is always a working-in-progress. — Instantnood 10:13, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Sure, and there is no reason to create a category until there is a need for it. You arent new to wikipedia. Cats below 5 articles are already considered useless by some. Cats with zero articles is considered useless by how many then?--Huaiwei 10:30, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Forts in Macau


text: Category:81 births

title: Category:81 births


text:
March of the Living

The March of the Living (מצעד החיים, ; Marsz Żywych) is an annual educational program which brings students from around the world to Poland, where they explore the remnants of the Holocaust. On Holocaust Memorial Day observed in the Jewish calendar, thousands of participants march silently from Auschwitz to Birkenau.

The March of the Living was founded in 1988, under the leadership of Israeli Likud politician Abraham Hirchson, Shmuel Rosenman, and Israeli attorney Baruch Adler, a child of a Holocaust survivor who was hidden by one of the Righteous Among the Nations. Since its inception, almost 300,000 participants – including world leaders, educators, Holocaust survivors and students – have taken part in the program.

History
The program was established in 1988 and takes place annually for two weeks around April and May, immediately following Passover. The initial program involved approximately 1500 Jewish high school students and teachers, mostly from North America, France, and Israel. Since 1996, it has been held annually. In 1988, the initial march gathered considerable media attention. Notable personalities such as Nobel Peace Prize laureate Elie Wiesel, Rabbi Israel Meir Lau, Yitzhak Navon, Bibi Netanyahu, and some Polish dignitaries were among its attendees.

The Israeli founders of the March of the Living were politician Avraham Hirschson educator Dr. Shmuel Rosenman, and attorney Baruch Adler. They were assisted in the early years by Jewish communal leaders and philanthropists from the United States (Alvin Schiff, Gene Greenzweig, Dr. David Machlis, and Joseph Wilf, the first North American Chair of the March of the Living), and Canada (Walter Hess, Shlomo Shimon, Rabbi Irwin Witty, and Eli Rubenstein).

Commemoration of World War II death marches
Writer and journalist Meir Uziel proposed the name "March of the Living" to contrast the death marches that were typical at the end of World War II. When Nazi Germany withdrew its soldiers from forced-labour camps, inmates – most already starving and stricken by oppressive work – were forced to march hundreds of miles further west, while those who lagged behind or fell were shot or left to freeze to death in the winter climate. The March of the Living, in contrast to the death marches, serves to illustrate the continued existence of the Jewish people despite Nazi attempts at their obliteration.

After spending a week in Poland visiting other sites of Nazi Germany's persecution, such as Majdanek, Treblinka, and the Warsaw Ghetto, and former sites of Jewish life and culture, various Synagogues, many of the participants in the March also travel on to Israel where they observe Yom HaZikaron and celebrate Israel's Independence Day.

Exhibit
In mid January 2014 a new exhibit on the March of the Living opened at the United Nations, which housed the exhibit until the end of March 2014. Titled "When you Listen to a Witness, You Become a Witness", the exhibit includes photographs, documents and writings devoted to the 25-year history of the March of the Living.

An interactive component of the exhibition allows visitors to fill out their own pledge of tolerance and compassion which may be taken on the March of the Living and planted alongside thousands of other plaques of tolerance and compassion on the very grounds of Auschwitz-Birkenau.

The title of the exhibit is taken from the words of Judy Weissenberg Cohen in a speech given to students on the 1997 March of the Living describing the last time she saw her mother during the selection of Hungarian Jewry in Auschwitz-Birkenau in the spring of 1944.

On March 10, 2014, a group of students from New York's Pine Bush High School – part of a district where there have been press reports alleging widespread anti-Semitism – visited the UN Exhibit. They were addressed by Holocaust survivors Judy Weissenberg Cohen and Fanya Heller, as well as by Rick Carrier, a World War II Liberator.

The UN Exhibit became the basis of a book published in the fall of 2015, titled, Witness: Passing the Torch of Holocaust Memory to New Generations. The book has a unique interactive feature where the survivors, World War II liberators, and Righteous Among the Nations featured in the book, include an invisible link embedded on their image. When their image is accessed with a smart phone or other device, the reader is taken to an excerpt of their video testimony on USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education (created by Steven Spielberg) or March of the Living Digital Archive Project websites. Translations in several other languages are already in the works.

In recent years the March of the Living (MOTL) has attempted to broaden its focus from only concentrating on the Holocaust, and include other program content in the Poland portion of the trip. These elements include: celebrating Jewish life before the war, establishing dialogue with Polish students, meeting with Polish Righteous among the Nations, and connecting with the contemporary Polish Jewish community.

in 2018, marking 30 years since the first March, Israel's delegation to the United Nations headquarters held an event with participation from Holocaust Survivors and other ambassadors from around the world. The reports also note a second reason for the gathering, a new law passed in Poland, absolving them of responsibility for the Holocaust. During the event, an exhibition called "Testimony" was inaugurated. The exhibition features a collection of photographs showcasing Holocaust survivors as well as students who have taken part in the parade since 1988, creating an additional experience for its visitors. Israel's Ambassador to the UN, Danny Danon talked about witnessing attempts rewrite history, saying, "It is precisely from the UN headquarters that was established following the greatest tragedy known to mankind that we must oppose any move to change the face of history and rewrite it. Every day, and especially on this day, it is more important than ever to remember those who perished and perpetuate the truth." March of the Living's president and co-founder Phyllis Heideman said, "We should not see the Holocaust as a historical, distant event, but as a perpetual symbol of darkness and darkness." Co-founder and chairman Dr. Shmuel Rosenman, speaking about the March explained, "The youth go to Poland for a week and from there to Israel for a week. Even before they leave for the trip, 12 meetings are held in which they receive an overview of everything related to the Holocaust and Israel. Close to 40% of the youth, by the way, are not Jewish."

As part of a global initiative to raise awareness about antisemitism, the march includes non-Jewish young people as well. They believe that the key to fighting this disease is through clear and defined efforts to combat it, and they hope to spark a meaningful conversation about the issue.

Cultural impact
In May 2023, The March of the Living's Chairman described the modern culture of the new participants saying, "This year, we brought a new group of young leaders: online influencers and bloggers were on the March. They helped us reach new audiences of young people. Millions of views on social media, thousands of comments, shares and "likes". Because in a world where books are not burned but rather cancelled online, we should all be united in speaking out against antisemitism and all forms of hatred."

When speaking about this year's upcoming march [in 2024] Rosenman stated special attention will be paid to fighting antisemitism, with emphasis on the atrocities of October 7. "Now we see the [parallel] between the Holocaust and what happened in October."

In January 2024, the Israeli president Isaac Herzog hosted an event as his residence with March of the Living to commemorate the Kindertransport, which brought nearly 10,000 children from Germany, Austria, Czechoslovakia, and Poland to the United Kingdom in 1938–1939 during the Nazi regime. The event brought survivors of the Holocaust together and those who were part of the Kindertransport. Chairman Shmuel Rosenman commented "[We were] shocked by the stories of the survivors about what they experienced 85 years ago, and horrified by the abhorrent stories from Israel. We were reminded that the hatred of the Jews has no expiration date. It changes its form. But its motivation is the same – the annihilation of the Jewish people."

It is worth noting that a group of 30 individuals comprising of adults, young adults, and Holocaust survivors from Australia is set to participate in the March of the Living in 2024, representing the Australian delegation's 23rd year in attendance. Since 2001, when Australia first joined the March, around 2,000 Australians have taken part in this event. This number includes 1,200 students, 450 adults, 300 educators and survivors, and 50 young adults.

Documentaries and Publications
In 1988, the March of the Living program began with around 1500 Jewish high school students and teachers from North America, France, and Israel. The very first documentary film on the program was made during this time, following the Florida March of the Living delegation. This was an Emmy Award-winning film with Suzanne Lasky Gerard directing, while Colleen Dewhurst and Jonathan Silverman provided the narration, and the soundtrack was by Vadim Dreyzin. The film was updated by director in 2023, and titled "The March of the Living: Then and Now." In 1993, "For You Who Died I Must Live On...Reflections on the March of the Living" was published by Mosaic Press. The book was edited by Eli Rubenstein, and featured the experiences from participants on the March from its first four years. It was subtitled, "Contemporary Jewish Youth Confront the Holocaust." The book won the 1994 Canadian Jewish Book Award. Each of Us Has a Name (1999) was produced and directed by Fern Levitt follows the journey of Canadian Jewish teenagers and Holocaust survivors on the March of the Living as they visit former Nazi German death camps in Poland, as well as other historic sites in the country. (Global Television Network) In 2009 two different documentaries featured March of the Living participants or students on similar experiences during their time on the trip. The documentary Defamation, by filmmaker Yoav Shamir, includes a group of Israeli students during their time at Poland sites, including the stop at Auschwitz. Director Jessica Sanders made a documentary titled March of the Living, which focuses entirely on the program and participants.

Witness: Passing the Torch of Holocaust Memory to New Generations is a book authored by Eli Rubenstein and published by Second Story Press in 2015. The book is inspired by a 2014 United Nations exhibit showcasing the reflections and images of Holocaust survivors and students who participated in the March of the Living since 1988. Witness has been published in Spanish, Polish, and Hebrew languages. In 2020, a special edition of the book was released to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the end of WWII and the liberation of Europe from Nazi tyranny. This edition features liberation stories of Holocaust survivors, an afterword by Steven Spielberg, founder of the USC Shoah Foundation, and content from Pope John Paul II and Pope Francis related to the March of the Living and stories concerning the Righteous Among the Nations. Late 2015 saw the release of Blind Love, a documentary film about six blind Israelis traveling to Poland with the help of their guide dogs on the March of the Living to learn about the Holocaust. The blind participants and their guide dogs marched from Auschwitz-Birkenau in memory of the victims of Nazi genocide and against prejudice, intolerance and hate.

The film premiered during Holocaust Education Week in Toronto, with the co-sponsorship of the Toronto Jewish Film Festival. It was also broadcast on the CBC's Canadian speciality channel Documentary in late 2015 and then again in 2017 on Holocaust Remembrance Day, as well as in Israel on its main station Channel 10 (Israel) on the same day. The film also was broadcast on PBS in the United States.

"Voices of Liberation” (2015) includes Holocaust survivors sharing their moments of liberation, 70 years later. The documentary premiered in Auschwitz-Birkenau on 'Yom HaShoah' (Holocaust Memorial Day), April 16th 2015, at the conclusion of the March of the Living. The film was directed by award winning director Matthew Shoychet with music by Canadian composer Ryan Shore. Archival footage was provided by the Toronto Holocaust Museum, March of the Living and the USC Shoah Foundation.

The film "Our Liberation: Stories of Holocaust Survivors" Road to Freedom" was premiered on i24NEWS by International March of the Living and the March on International Holocaust Remembrance Day 2021.

The movie depicts the emotional experiences of six Holocaust survivors as they return to the moment when Allied troops liberated the Nazi concentration camps, granting them the long-awaited freedom.

Naomi Wise directed and produced the documentary. The film highlights the personal stories of Holocaust survivors who participated in the March of the Living. The survivors featured are Miriam Ziegler, Faigie Libman, Ernest Ehrmann, and Joe Mandel, as well as the late Robert Engel Z"L and Howard Kleinberg Z"L. "Witness: Passing the Torch of Holocaust Memory to New Generations", directed by Naomi Wise, premiered  on i24 News on International Holocaust Survivors Day, on June 24, 2021. The event marked the first ever international Holocaust Survivor Day, honoring the resilience, courage and contributions of Holocaust Survivors.

The film, shot on location on the March of the Living in Poland, draws on the most poignant moments captured between survivors and students since 1988. March of the Living Survivors featured in the film include Lillian Boraks-Nemetz, Judy Cohen, Max Eisen, Max Glauben, Bill Glied, Pinchas Gutter, Denise Hans, Anna Heilman, Mania Hudy, Max Iland, Howard Kleinberg, Nate Leipciger, Faigie Libman, Sol Nayman, Edward Mosberg, Irving Roth, Rena Schondorf, Albert Silwin, Stefania Sitbon, Sally Wasserman, Elie Wiesel, Helen Yurmas,  Miriam Zacrojcyk, and Sidney Zoltak. "Saving the World Entire: Rescuers During the Holocaust" (2023),  directed by Naomi Wise, premiered on i24 News on International Holocaust Remembrance Day on January 27, 2023

January 27, the anniversary of the liberation of Auschwitz, is globally recognized as International Holocaust Remembrance Day. Saving the World Entire profiles the courage of four Righteous Among the Nations, who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust. Archival testimony – provided by USC Shoah Foundation and March of the Living – focuses on four Polish rescuers whose stories have been shared with March of the Living students. The Polish rescuers – all honoured at Yad Vashem as  Righteous Among the Nations – are Zygmunt Krynski,  Sister Klara Jaroszynska, Czeslawa Zak, and Krystyna Puchalski-Maciejewskai. The Holocaust survivors they rescued who share their story in the film are Sidney Zoltak, Eva Kuper, Olga Kost & Felix Zandman.

In 2024 coinciding with International Holocaust Remembrance Day, International March of the Living released two Holocaust documentaries related to the Kindertransport: "Journey of Hope": Retracing the Kindertransport after 85 Years" is a documentary featuring three Kindertransport survivors, Walter Bingham (100) Paul Alexander (85) and George Shefi (92), retracing the journey they took to escape Germany as children 85 years ago after the Kristallnacht pogrom.

The film premiered on Jan. 24, 2024 at the Israeli President's Residence with the attendance of President Isaac Herzog and First Lady Michal Herzog and nine Kindertransport survivors, including Mirjam Beit Talmi Szpiro, who was both a Kindertransport survivor as well as a survivor of the Hamas attack on Israel on October 7, 2023, at Kibbutz Zikim. The film was  broadcast on i24News. In January 2024, International March of the Living released the film "If We Never See Each Other Again", a documentary based on interviews with Kindertransport survivors from the USC Shoah Foundation, marking 85 years since the start of the first Kindertransport. The film was aired on JBS.

The International March of the Living has commissioned a number of shorter Holocaust documentaries:

 * The Choice is Ours: Courageous Acts of Medical Professionals During the Holocaust
 * Full Circle – Ukrainian Family Saves Jewish Woman During Holocaust – 80 Years Later Kindness Repaid
 * United We Stand: Black Soldiers Liberating Hitler's Camps and Jewish Activists in Civil Rights Movement
 * It Was The Right Thing To Do
 * Point of No Return: The Nuremberg Laws
 * Nuremberg Trials – Staying the Hand of Vengeance
 * 100,000 Souls: The Legacy of Raoul Wallenberg
 * Czeslawa & Olga
 * Twice Liberated
 * Candles of Kindness
 * Auschwitz-Birkenau: 70 Years After Liberation; A Warning to Future Generations
 * Lay Down Your Arms
 * Requiem for the Warsaw Ghetto
 * Live and Die with Honor: The Story of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising
 * I Am Anne Frank
 * Anne Frank:70 Years Later

2020–2021 Cancellation Due to Covid-19
For the first time since its inception in 1988, the March of the Living program to Poland and Israel was cancelled in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, affecting thousands of prospective participants – including students, survivors, educators and dignitaries from around the world. It was then cancelled again in 2021.In its place, an online virtual program was implemented instead in 2020 and again 2021  The in-person March of the Living resumed in 2022, though some groups cancelled because of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Public Response to SPHR “Revolutionary Youth Summer Program”
On June 18, 2024, the International March of the Living publicly denounced the SPHR's summer youth program at McGill University, advertising a "revolutionary" education on the March of the Living website.

The Office of the President and Vice-Chancellor at McGill University released a statement on June 14th addressing their concerns and "appealing to public safety authorities."

The March of the Living quoted Holocaust survivor, educator, and Montreal resident, Angele Orosz, stating, "“What’s happening today at McGill is so frightening for me. I was born in Auschwitz-Birkenau. I came to Canada to escape antisemitism. It’s unbearable that my grandchildren have to go through what I escaped Hungary for.”

The March of the Livings official statement online was, "The International March of the Living condemns in the strongest possible terms the plans announced by Solidarity for Palestinian Human Rights (SPHR) at McGill University for a summer youth program promising “revolutionary” education."

Commenting on the McGill protests, Chairman Shmuel Rosenman and President Phyllis Greenberg Heideman, issued the following statement: "Education for young people should never encourage the use of violence. When actions by students on campus, promoted by social media companies, make Holocaust survivors fear setting foot on campus and fear for the future of their grandchildren – it is clear that both the university and social media organizations have lost their way. Now it is high time to find their way back."

title: March of the Living


text:
User:Brendanl79

Brendan C. LeFebvre

title: User:Brendanl79


text:
Talk:Mengjiang

Flag as copyright violation
There is obviously an ongoing copyright violation issue being considered by admins on the contents of the article. However, I don't think the flag could be a copyright violation. First of all, the state no longer exists, and it has no real successor, and therefore its copyright, if any, should be considered to have lapsed. Second, assuming that the rights still exist, the use of a flag should be fair use. --Nlu 09:04, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The flag image that was used was taken from the website "Flags of the World," which I happen to also work for. There was a policy set out by them that says their images are not allowed to be used for comemrcial purposes. Non-commercial images were banend from here since May of 2005. However, since when I looked at the flag, I could just draw it myself and release it under GFDL. Deal? Zach (Sound Off) 16:52, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Take a look now, how is the flag? Zach (Sound Off) 18:30, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

I have removed the copyvio tag. It doesn't look the like the text of the article is copied from the cite listed. If there is remaining concern about the state of the image that should take place on the image's page not the articles page (since the article can remain without the image). If I'm in error about this, drop me a line! --best, kevin · · · Kzollman | Talk · · · 16:58, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

Capital
I've changed it to Kalgan (i.e. Zhangjiakou) for now. First that's where the state was established, second I've seen no reference to the capital being Guihua (i.e. Höhhot), except on wikipedia and derived sites, third I have seen references to the capital being Kalgan as late as 1943 (for example Walther Heissig, Ostmongolische Reise, Darmstadt 1955, S 144ff). Yaan 16:44, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

Could this "Chan Pei" mentioned in the text just be a corrupted Wade-Giles transcription of 張北 (Zhangbei, a real-world part of Zhangjiakou according to Zhangjiakou? Yaan (talk) 17:50, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

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Established 1936 or 1939
I see both dates; could somebody look into this ? Elinruby (talk) 08:01, 1 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mengjiang


text:
File:ProjectGothamRacing3 CoverArt.jpg

Summary
Cover art for Project Gotham Racing 3. Source: GameSpot.com

It is believed that the use of this image qualifies as fair use in the article Project Gotham Racing 3 because:

 * Bizarre Creations has released no such images into the public domain, and a replacement image could not be created that would adequately provide the same information
 * The image is being used for no purpose other than to identify the subject of the article
 * The image resolution has been significantly decreased from the original, so copies made from it would be of inferior quality
 * The use of this image neither detracts from the game nor inhibits its salability in any way

title: File:ProjectGothamRacing3 CoverArt.jpg


text:
Talk:Disneyfication

— J I P | Talk 09:05, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Variations on Definition
The Pop-culture definition of Disneyfication or Disneyize, in my opinion, would have more to do with the editing of content in their movies, the changing of endings, and the refusal to release controversial material like Fahrenheit 9/11 or Song of the South. I would like a broader viewpoint as this is how I have heard it refered to, by Scociology Professors, John Q. Publics, and a few Disney Park Employees and not the current definition on the page. ~anonymous 14 Sept 2006

Reply to Above
Yeah, Disneyfication is being mixed up with Disneyization. Disneyfication is the 'Disneyfying' of stories, whilst Disneyization is the term display here as Disneyfication.

I tried to correct this, and wrote this below for the article, however it keeps getting reverted. Perhaps someone with more knowledge of Wikipedia will know what to do.

Disneyfication (not to be confused with Disneyization) is a pejorative term which describes the transformation of existing literary and cultural stories into into a childlike, family, perhaps simpler, form. It is in reference to the Disney catalogue of movies, which takes traditional literature and stories and makes them light-hearted, comedic (often including the funny or cute sidekick) and suitable for childrens viewing - sometimes in contrast to the original story.

Disneyfication may be accused of sanitizing history or literature, Americanizing it, or making it overly saccharine. Richard Schickel, in his book 'The Disney Version' most scathingly attacks Disneyfication, explaining that "magic, mystery, individuality, were consistently destroyed when a literary work passed through this machine that had been taught there was only one correct way to draw."

Opponants argue that Walt Disney is just the latest in a long line of storytellers, and in opposition to accusations that his retelling of fairy tales ruins them, identify that the Brothers Grimm were not the authors of their fairytales, but rather were the first to compile and transcribe them. The stories originally passed orally between storytellers, each changing and modifying them as they saw fit. Walt Disney is just continuing this tradition. However, this arguement does not refer to the Disneyfication of more modern literature, such as Disney's animated movies of The Hunchback of Notre Dame or Tarzan. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.25.188.139 (talk) 17:21, 25 March 2010 (UTC)

 * I agree that it is really confusing, Disneyization vs. Disnefication. I noticed though that both are mentioned in the article. I thought it was more about commercialization of the childhood experience rather than the brand itself. Or does it mean to pass an old story into a Disney filter? I'm confused but will read up on it. Warren (talk) 18:00, 8 May 2013 (UTC)

 * Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Your references seem to be unclear and insufficient because there are no links to them so I may reference them. Also, your text is missing some citations such as when you mention "theming" and "merchandising".Asanc382 (talk) 19:44, 12 September 2016 (UTC)
 * A good start, but you really need to write more and be more explicit with your comments. Maybe offer places to go to for citations? Or explain what you mean by the references being "unclear and insufficient"? Alfgarciamora (talk) 15:23, 16 September 2016 (UTC)

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Wiki Education assignment: Hist401
— Assignment last updated by AliResen (talk) 05:17, 11 May 2023 (UTC)

Add more images?
Biohistorian15 (talk) 12:15, 14 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Disneyfication


text:
Night Falls on Manhattan

Night Falls on Manhattan is a 1996 American crime drama film written and directed by Sidney Lumet. Based on the novel Tainted Evidence by Robert Daley, the plot centers on a newly elected district attorney played by Andy García, who is eager to stamp out corruption within the New York City Police Department. Ian Holm, James Gandolfini, Lena Olin, Ron Leibman, and Richard Dreyfuss feature in principal supporting roles.

The film was a co-production of Paramount Pictures and Spelling Films. Theatrically distributed by Paramount Pictures on May 16, 1997, Night Falls on Manhattan explores criminal law, political corruption, and the repercussions of violence. Following its initial release, it failed to garner any awards from mainstream organizations for its lead acting or production merits.

The film grossed nearly $10 million in domestic ticket receipts, and was met with mixed to positive critical reviews.

Plot
NYPD detectives Liam Casey (Holm) and Joey Allegretto (Gandolfini) are conducting surveillance against Jordan Washington (Shiek Mahmud-Bey), a notorious drug dealer. On a tip from an informant, they venture into an apartment block where Washington is reported to be hiding. After Casey shoots the lock, Washington fires a submachine gun through his front door, seriously wounding Casey. Police backup units arrive and swarm the building, but Washington executes a cunning escape in a squad car after killing two cops. In a surprising move, District Attorney Morganstern (Leibman) appoints Casey's son Sean (García), an ex-cop and recently appointed ADA, to prosecute Washington when he is caught. In the process, he passes over the more experienced ADA Elihu Harrison (Feore), who plans to oppose him in an upcoming election.

At Washington's trial, his attorney Sam Vigoda (Dreyfuss) does not dispute his client's responsibility for killing the cops but argues that the police were intending to murder Washington. Washington claims that he had been bribing a group of corrupt cops, led by Kurt Kleinhoff, in return for protection while dealing drugs; Vigoda argues that Washington became a target when he refused to match an offer by a rival dealer, Carlos Alvarez, to give the cops more money. Although inexperienced, Sean mounts a strong argument questioning Washington's credibility and wins the case. Washington is sentenced to consecutive life terms without parole. A member of Vigoda's legal team, Peggy Lindstrom (Olin), begins an affair with Sean after the conclusion of the trial. In private, Vigoda discloses to Sean why he undertook Washington's defense: after his 15-year-old daughter died from a drug overdose, Vigoda has been determined to bring down the system of corrupt police enabling drug dealers.

After Morganstern suffers a heart attack and is unable to run for re-election, Sean is asked to run in his place. He wins the election over Harrison. Meanwhile, when Kleinhoff's decomposed body is discovered in the river, his address book reveals the names of several officers from precincts which responded to the Washington shooting. A number of officers confess their entanglement in the bribery and narcotics scandal. Sean confronts Allegretto, who admits that he took bribes while also colluding to murder Washington with fellow corrupted officers; he later commits suicide. Casey later discloses to Sean that he forged a judge's signature on Washington's arrest warrant–the original had expired on the day of the raid. Sean asks Morganstern, who is recovering at the hospital, for advice on how to deal with the scandal. Morganstern tells Sean that being DA will be a tough job, but he believes Sean "will be better at it than most".

Following a voluntary admission of guilt by Casey about the forgery in a private consultation with Judge Dominick Impelliteri (Chianese), the judge decides to fill out a new warrant, backdated to the day of the raid, which purposely obviates the technicality. He also suggests to Sean that he destroy the forged warrant. Sean tells Vigoda that he plans to resign, but Vigoda urges him not to quit. Vigoda admits that his motives were to expose police corruption only and that Washington should remain in jail regardless of the fake warrant's origins. The film ends with Casey giving the introductory lecture for a new class of assistant district attorneys; urging them to approach their job with diligence and integrity.

Filming
Exterior film shooting took place primarily on location in New York City. Filming sets included the Hotel Pennsylvania, the Sherry Netherland Hotel, Bellevue Hospital Center, and the National Arts Club. The opening scene involving the police shootout with Washington, took place in a desolate apartment building in Harlem. Principal photography for the film began on October 11, 1995 and was completed on December 12. The screenplay for the film written by director Lumet, was based on the novel Tainted Evidence authored by Robert Daley.

According to Lumet, a secondary inspiration for the plot was the true story surrounding the criminal Larry Davis, who escaped arrest from the scene of a drug raid. In the ensuing chaos, Davis shot six NYPD officers and eluded capture for 17 days. The character of Vigoda played by Richard Dreyfuss was patterned after attorney William Kunstler, who defended Davis. The scene of Washington's escape using an NYPD patrol car was staged for dramatic effect. Davis managed to escape the crime scene, but without the use of an actual police car.

Music
The original motion picture soundtrack for Night Falls on Manhattan was not officially released to the public, but features songs composed by veteran musician Wynton Marsalis. The music for the film was orchestrated by Mark Isham, edited by Annette Kudrak and mixed by Stephen Krause, at Capital Studios. The sound effects in the film were supervised by Ron Bochar. The editing of the sound elements was arranged by Glenfield Payne.

Critical response
The film received mixed to positive reviews. Rotten Tomatoes reported that 71% of 31 sampled critics gave the film a positive review, with an average score of 6.8 out of 10. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average out of 100 to critics' reviews, the film received a score of 58 based on 19 reviews. In 1998, actor Andy García was nominated for an ALMA Award, in the category of Outstanding Actor in a Feature Film, for his performance.

Janet Maslin writing in The New York Times, said director Lumet did "a good job of articulating the disillusioning realities of careerism and crime. And he has an ear, as ever, for the disparate voices of the city." She also casually noted that actor Garcia remained "a polite, neutral presence" through "too many moments, particularly during courtroom scenes that have been edited in awkwardly abrupt ways". Roger Ebert in the Chicago Sun-Times referred to the film as "knowledgeable about the city and the people who make accommodations with it. It shows us how boring that obligatory evil kingpin is in so many other crime movies". He explained, it comprises "characters who do wrong and are therefore bad, but it doesn't really have 'villains' in the usual movie sense of the word. It's too smart and grown up for such lazy categories".

In the San Francisco Chronicle, Peter Stack wrote that "The film's setup is intense, full of fearsome action, a pulse-pumper. But soon it becomes a thinking man's police drama about the political aftermath of the botched drug-lord case." Left unmoved, he declared that although "Lumet and his fine cast play it out in a moody, hard-boiled style, Night Falls on Manhattan falls flat. Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly, said the film unfolds "less in the gritty world of New York law enforcement than in the implausible tabloid imagination of Robert Daley, on whose pulp novel the film is based." He did though positively comment that "Night Falls on Manhattan makes you nostalgic for Lumet's truly first-rate corruption movies, like the great, underrated Q&A (1990)." In a slightly negative tone, Barbara Shulgasser of the San Francisco Examiner thought Lumet's "seriousness and simplicity with which he approaches his subject in Night Falls on Manhattan are refreshing even if the vivacity of the thing never really has a chance to develop."

James Berardinelli of ReelViews viewed the film as being "savvy about a number of things." He claimed that "Not only does it have a good feel for both sides of the police corruption issue, but it's aware of the political rivalries and behind-the-scenes dealmaking that keeps a city running." In his overall summation, he wrote "Sidney Lumet has done something that I wasn't sure was possible in this age of instant, formulaic gratification: make a riveting cop movie without a car chase and a courtroom thriller without cheap theatrics." Adding to the positive sentiment, Kevin Thomas of the Los Angeles Times, said the story was "a string of unlikely events and coincidences" which "set off Night Falls, and Lumet makes them believable the old-fashioned way: through interaction with a screen full of strongly drawn, fully dimensioned, psychologically valid characters." Writing for Time Out, author SGr exclaimed, "Lumet has made 40–odd films, some classic, some lousy. This isn't by any means". He commended how actor "Dreyfuss shines as a radical defence attorney." Not entirely enthusiastic about certain elements of the plot was Andy Klein writing for the Dallas Observer. He flatly wrote, "As satisfying as much of the film is, there are a few missteps, large and small, that may require indulgence on the part of viewers." Describing a lighthearted position on its positive attributes, Mike Clark of USA Today felt "Lumet (who also wrote the script) seems to feed on lousy cop-precinct furniture, political showboating and confrontations between street-savvy adversaries played by synergic actors." On an entirely negative front, Russell Smith of The Austin Chronicle remarked that "Lumet and Daley simply appear to have forgotten everything they once knew about lean, reality-based storytelling—a fact that no amount of bluster, superstar charisma, and stylistic virtuosity can conceal." Smith added, "Expected story developments fail to materialize, and others drop from the blue sky with no apparent rationale. Equally annoying is the film's inability to decide whether it wants to be a conventional melodrama—a view the manically overacting Holm and Ferrer obviously subscribe to—or a dark, nihilistic satire in the vein of other Lumet films such as Network."

Eric Brace of The Washington Post, bluntly commented on the film by writing, "Sidney Lumet mining his familiar territory of corrupt cops and courtroom drama, but if you're hoping he's brought something fresh to the topic of justice in the Big Apple, you'll be disappointed." On a hint of commendation though, he felt "There are plenty of well-filmed scenes of New York in all its glorious grime and decay, and Lumet gives evil a nice touch by having all the bad guys (from drug dealers to corrupt cops to press pool reporters) seeming to always be laughing at some inside joke.". But ultimately he believed "the predictable lesson—that justice isn't cut and dried—clogs the film's gears by the last reel, at least the first half of the movie has some lively story telling."

Incidentally, another Washington Post staff writer couldn't fill in an entirely positive review either. Stephen Hunter commented on Lumet's creative direction saying, "You feel the artist's seriousness of purpose, his passion to know and see and get it right. But it all flounders in a tub with the conventions of potboilers—fictionalized history, sudden wacko plot twists, the radical compression of time, the heavy, oafish hand of coincidence, and characters so wispy they could still be notes on an outline". In a slightly more upbeat tone, Leonard Klady of Variety saw Night Falls on Manhattan as being "a strong addition to an oeuvre that includes  'Serpico,'   'Prince of the City'  and  'Q&A.'  In this story of scandal within the NYPD, the writer-director continues to explore those earlier film's themes of corruption and compromise." He believed "The level of both technical craft and performance is up to the usual high levels associated with the filmmaker." Rating the film with 2$1⁄2$ Stars, critic Leonard Maltin sadly wrote that the film "suffers from one major flaw: its central character's naivete. He's constantly shocked by what we in the audience already know—or have guessed." But in positive followup, he pointed out that supporting actor Leibman was "dynamite as the bombastic D.A.."

Box office
The film premiered in cinemas on May 16, 1997 in wide release throughout the U.S.. During its opening weekend, the film opened in a distant 7th place grossing $2,933,255 in business showing at 758 locations. The film The Fifth Element soundly beat its competition during that weekend opening in first place with $11,410,863. The film's revenue dropped by 28% in its second week of release, earning $2,108,268. For that particular weekend, the film fell to 9th place again screening in 758 theaters but not challenging a top five position. The film The Lost World: Jurassic Park, unseated The Fifth Element to open in first place grossing $90,161,880 in box office revenue. The film went on to top out domestically at $9,889,670 in total ticket sales through a 12-week theatrical run. For 1997 as a whole, the film would cumulatively rank at a box office performance position of 119.

Home media
Following its cinematic release in theaters, the film was released in VHS video format on May 5, 1998. The Region 1 Code widescreen edition of the film was released on DVD in the United States on November 17, 1998. Special features for the DVD include; the original theatrical trailer, audio commentary with director Sidney Lumet, actors Andy García and Ron Leibman as well as with producers Josh Kramer and Thom Mount. The disc also includes interactive menus with scene selection. The film was given a Blu-ray Disc release by Australian distributor Imprint Films on August 26, 2020.

title: Night Falls on Manhattan


text:
John Devaney (businessman)

John Francis Devaney (25 June 1946 – 1 February 2018) was a British businessman. He served as the Chairman of NATS Holdings Ltd (National Air Traffic Services), Cobham Plc the listed UK Aerospace and Defence Company, and National Express. He was also the Chairman of TersusEnergy, a finance and strategic advisory business.

He was previously the Chairman of Liberata UK Ltd, Exel plc, and EA Technology; Executive Chairman of Eastern Electricity and Kelsey-Hayes Company (a wholly owned subsidiary of Varity Corporation); and a non-executive director of HSBC Bank and British Steel. Chairman of Marconi and member of the Board of Northern Rock after acquisition by the Government.

Devaney was an alumnus of Sheffield University (B.Eng 1968) and attended the six-week Harvard Business School Advanced Management Program.

He was a member of the Board of Trustees of Shelter the homelessness charity.

He was awarded non-Exec of the year in 2012 and died in February 2018 at the age of 71.

title: John Devaney (businessman)


text:
Jean Oury

Jean Oury (5 March 1924 – 15 May 2014) was a French psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who helped found the school of institutional psychotherapy. He was the founder and director of the psychiatric hospital La Borde clinic at Cour-Cheverny, France where he worked until he died. He was a member of the Freudian School of Paris, founded by Jacques Lacan from inception until its dissolution. His brother, Fernand Oury, founded the school of institutional pedagogy.

Literature

 * Robcis, Camille (2021) Disalienation: Politics, Philosophy, and Radical Psychiatry in Postwar France The University of Chicago Press

title: Jean Oury


text:
Don McRae (cricketer)

Donald Alexander Noel McRae (25 December 1914 – 10 August 1986) was a double international sportsman, representing New Zealand in cricket and in soccer. His last first-class cricket match was in New Zealand's first Test match against Australia in 1946.

Cricket career
McRae played first-class cricket for Canterbury from 1937–38 to 1945–46 as a tall, economical left-arm medium-pace bowler and useful lower-order batsman. In his first match, against Otago, he top-scored in the second innings with 43, which remained his highest first-class score. In 1943–44, playing for a New Zealand XI against a New Zealand Services XI, he opened the bowling and took 5 for 20 off 17 overs in the first innings. In his four inter-provincial matches in 1944-45 he took 17 wickets at 13.29, and was considered one of the best bowlers in New Zealand.

When the Plunket Shield resumed in 1945–46, McRae took 13 wickets in the three matches at 23.69. He took only one wicket when the Australians defeated Canterbury by an innings, but still made the Test side three weeks later. He opened the bowling and took 0 for 44 and made 0 and 8 in another innings defeat, and never played first-class cricket again.

Football career
McRae made a single appearance as goalkeeper for New Zealand in association football against Australia on 4 July 1936, conceding 7 goals in the 1–7 loss. His domestic club at the time was Nomads United.

Personal life
McRae served with the New Zealand Army in World War II as a lance-corporal. He and his wife Dorothy, who died in 1974, had one daughter. He died at his home in Christchurch in August 1986.

title: Don McRae (cricketer)


title: File:Fijitwodollars2000.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Animatrick

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete. Rx StrangeLove 18:54, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Animatrick
Non-notable. Ashenai 09:08, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non notable website, no Alexa ranking. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:56, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: Template:Kerwin-court

title: Template:Kerwin-court


text:
Lars Lillo-Stenberg

Lars Lillo-Stenberg (born 30 June 1962) is a Norwegian rock musician. He is the man behind the Norwegian band deLillos, but he also played in The Last James and still plays in the band Young Neils. He has also recorded many solo albums. He is the son of the actors Per Lillo-Stenberg and Mette Lange-Nilsen. He grew up at Frogner in Oslo. Lillo-Stenberg is married to the actress Andrine Sæther.

Discography

 * Å jeg var en sangfugl 10 September 1996, Kirkelig Kulturverksted
 * the Freak recorded by Universal, 1999).
 * Oslo recorded 9 April 2000 by Sonet
 * Buddy
 * song from movie "Elling" (Motion Picture by Maipo Film Og TV Produksjon): "Se På Meg" (released as CD-single, 2001)
 * Synger Prøysen (Philips - 2006)

title: Lars Lillo-Stenberg


text: User talk:81.10.192.106

title: User talk:81.10.192.106