text:
Chalfont Common

Chalfont Common is a hamlet in the parish of Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, England. It is located in the Chiltern Hills, approximately one mile to the north east of Chalfont St Peter village centre. Chalfont Common is 19.7 miles west-north-west of Charing Cross, central London.

It is located east of the River Misbourne and was one of Chalfont St Peter's three commons (the other two being Gold Hill Common and Austenwood Common). Housing of all sorts developed around and on the common, some dating back to the 1890s. In the 1960s a post office was constructed on the common, which has since closed.

It is also the home of the Epilepsy Society which was founded in 1892.

Gott's Monument

Chalfont Common is also the home of Gott's Monument which was erected in 1785 by Sir H T Gott. According to local tradition, the monument either commemorates a hunt attended by George III, or an incident in which the king got lost in the forest surrounding the monument.

The plaque on the obelisk, which is the height of horseback, reads:

1785 To NEWLAND I Mile III Furl.g's To Chesham VII Miles Built by Sir H T Gott Restored by W Brown in 1879 To Denham IV Miles To Uxbridge VI Miles LONDON XXI

The monument was damaged in 1879 by a lightning strike and was rebuilt. Remarkably it was struck by lightning again in the 1960s, so was reduced from its original size of 60 ft to 20 ft.

The monument has been Grade II listed since 22 December 1958.

title: Chalfont Common


text:
Talk:Filip Vujanović

Maybe add his height.
He's about 6'6" (198 cm) and considered the tallest president in the world. This is a good fact? ;)

Untitled
Is it really true that Vujanović is from Belgrade? I was always led to believe that he is a Montenegrin; by this I mean born in the region too. Not being from the Balkans, I am no expert but a lady friend of mine from Montenegro told me that he is originally from Pljevlja. Please tell me if this is so. Celtmist 1.10.05

He was only born in Belgrade. He's not FROM Belgrade, he's of Montenegrin descent.

Could someone put up a better picture of him? Bentley4 (Bentley4 (talk) 12:36, 7 April 2008 (UTC))

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Filip Vujanović


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bummel

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was moved to Three Men on the Bummel.  Rob e  rt  22:57, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

Bummel
I doubt this word is notable enough by itself to warrant its own article. I can't find on Google that this word is used by anyone outside the context of the mentioned book or by its author. All in all, its just a dicdef with a quote. orioneight (talk) 19:07, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete per nom. - orioneight (talk) 19:07, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to Three Men on the Bummel. Or merge and redirect to Three Men in a Boat. Or merge and redirect to Jerome K. Jerome. I love that book, even more than Three Men in a Boat. Any cyclists here? I can't promise to clean it up immediately, but I think it's an article-worthy book. And I think Bummel should redirect to it until and unless anyone finds any need for disambiguation. Dpbsmith (talk) 21:28, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to Three Men on the Bummel per above, add at least basic details about the book. (And link to it on Project Gutenberg.) Note: Bummel itself seems to be a German word, which Jerome borrowed in essentially its original sense. Ilmari Karonen 21:41, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, introduction to my print copy (1937 Everyman's) says "The title must be puzzling to many readers, for 'bummel' will not be found in English dictionaries." It's not in American Heritage. Merriam-Webster Unabridged has it only as a Scotch-derived word meaning "bumble." Jerome's book obviously did not popularize the word. The first American addition was entitled Three Men on Wheels. Dpbsmith (talk) 22:44, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Heaven knows why, Tonywalton | Talk 22:58, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Because it's about a bicycle trip and bicycles were informally called "wheels." Actually it had occurred to me to suggest moving this to "Three Men" in hopes that a well-known move vandal would come along and finish the job. Dpbsmith (talk) 00:53, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, it's a perfectly good German noun and associated verb (see the Leo dictionary entry for "Bummel". Merge to Jerome K. Jerome and Weak Keep  this article as a redirect, going by the precedent of the Boot (disambiguation) page containing a mention of Das Boot. Tonywalton  | Talk 22:58, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Since the new content by Dpbsmith is a perfectly good article about the book Three Men on the Bummel, I HAVE BEEN BOLD and have moved the page. I hope I have not been too presumptuous. If people here want to continue to discuss the fate of the original page (Bummel), feel free to do so. Otherwise I believe this issue could now be closed. Ilmari Karonen 20:44, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment The article is now substantially different from the form in which it was originally nominated for deletion. Dpbsmith (talk) 12:22, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to "Three Men on the Bummel" --MacRusgail 13:03, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I have also removed the AfD notice from the moved page, since it would only serve to confuse readers. Ilmari Karonen 20:54, 4 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bummel


text:
Squirrel (programming language)

Squirrel is a high level imperative, object-oriented programming language, designed to be a lightweight scripting language that fits in the size, memory bandwidth, and real-time requirements of applications like video games.

MirthKit, a simple toolkit for making and distributing open source, cross-platform 2D games, uses Squirrel for its platform. It is used extensively by Code::Blocks for scripting and was also used in Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: My Life as a King. It is also used in Left 4 Dead 2, Portal 2 and Thimbleweed Park for scripted events and in NewDark, an unofficial Thief 2: The Metal Age engine update, to facilitate additional, simplified means of scripting mission events, aside of the regular C scripting.

Language features

 * Dynamic typing
 * Delegation
 * Classes, inheritance
 * Higher order functions
 * Generators
 * Cooperative threads (coroutines)
 * Tail recursion
 * Exception handling
 * Automatic memory management (mainly reference counting with backup garbage collector)
 * Weak references
 * Both compiler and virtual machine fit together in about 7k lines of C++ code
 * Optional 16-bit character strings

Syntax
Squirrel uses a C-like syntax.

 * Factorial in Squirrel:
 * Generators:
 * Classes and inheritance:

Applications using Squirrel

 * Code::Blocks, integrated development environment
 * Enduro/X, cluster application server
 * Electric Imp, an end-to-end IoT platform

Games using Squirrel

 * Alien Swarm
 * Antinomy of Common Flowers
 * Apex Legends
 * Battle Brothers
 * Contagion
 * Counter Strike: Global Offensive
 * CRSED: F.O.A.D.
 * Final Fantasy Crystal Chronicles: My Life as a King
 * GTA IV's IV-MP
 * Left 4 Dead 2
 * Liberty Unleashed
 * Mafia II's M2-Multiplayer
 * Nuclear Dawn
 * OpenTTD
 * Portal 2
 * Shadow Warrior
 * Simutrans
 * Sonic Unleashed (PS2/Wii)
 * SuperTux
 * Team Fortress 2
 * Thimbleweed Park
 * Thief II (unofficial NewDark engine update)
 * Titanfall
 * Vice City Multiplayer, a mod for Grand Theft Auto: Vice City
 * War Thunder
 * Zero no Tsukaima - Maigo no Period to Ikusen no Symphony (PS2)
 * Zero no Tsukaima - Muma ga Tsumugu Yokaze no Nocturne (PS2)
 * Zero no Tsukaima - Shou-akuma to Harukaze no Concerto (PS2)

History
The language was made public in 2003 under the zlib/libpng license. In November 2010, the license was changed to the MIT license to enable the project to be hosted on Google Code. It is developed and maintained by Alberto Demichelis.

title: Squirrel (programming language)


text: User talk:70.70.40.128

title: User talk:70.70.40.128


text:
Phanaeus vindex

Phanaeus vindex, also known as a rainbow scarab (like other members in its genus ), is a North American species of true dung beetle in the family Scarabaeidae. It is found in eastern and central United States (Florida and New England to Arizona and Wyoming) and northern Mexico. It is the most widespread species of Phanaeus in the United States and it has a wide habitat tolerance. It may hybridize with the generally less common P. difformis.

Description
''P. vindex'' adults are hard-bodied beetles which range from approximately 11-22 millimeters (0.4-0.9 inches) in length. They are relatively bulky and oblong. These beetles are sexually dimorphic; the males can be identified by their iridescent elytra and a large horn on their heads while females have slightly less vibrant shells and lack horns. Females also have different numbers of segments on their abdomen than males. Additionally, the ends of male abdomens raise above the elytra, however, in females, they do not. On top of this, the abdomen is distinctly colored in both sexes. Like most Phanaeus species, male rainbow scarabs can be observed in either a major morph with large horns and bodies, or a minor morph, with significantly reduced horn and body size.

Food resources
Because P. vindex is member of the Scarabaeinae sub-family, they are considered to be “true dung beetles” and feed exclusively on fecal excrement through all stages of their life cycle. While they do prefer to feed on dung from pasture animals, rainbow scarabs do sometimes feed on wild animal feces in more forestal areas. Research has shown that rainbow scarabs have certain preferences when selecting feces to feed on; they are most attracted to excrement that is considered “fragrant” or produced by organisms that have very diverse diets. They tend to consume dung from omnivores such as pigs and cows and will sometimes select herbivore dung, but they are least attracted to dung produced by carnivorous animals. P. vindex is afforded a very wide range of feces in their diet as a result of being able to occupy various habitats and soil types across seasons. Typically, however, these beetles do prefer clay soils, in contrast with other scarab beetles which may be more prevalent in sandy habitats.

Larvae of all dung beetles have biting mouthparts to help consume the feces, but when dung beetles in the Scarabaeidae family reach their adult stage, they develop specialized mouthparts in addition to the biting portions. Some of these include mandibular and maxillary fine fringes which can filter liquid and semi-liquid portions of the dung while eating, and molars, which can finely grind down solid particles in dung suspensions. Dung beetles also typically create nests around and within their food sources, but this behavior varies across species. P. vindex and other Phanaeus beetles exhibit complex paracoprid nesting, meaning they tunnel in order to create nests below piles of dung and build complex tunnels by which they can communicate and exchange food with nearby beetles. To do this, adults bury a large amount of fecal excrement and make many brood balls where they can keep their young. P. vindex also exhibits protective behaviors by protecting these brood balls with a cement-like layer of dung around the surface. The young beetles in brood balls will then feed off the dung until they reach maturity and can forage for food on their own.

Parasites
Due to the nature of their food resources, P. vindex is often exposed to parasites that live within fecal matter. One of these common parasites are Physocephalus sexalatus, a nematode parasite. These parasites live within various animals and then are consumed by dung beetles. When consumed, the beetles start to consume approximately half as much dung as they did before. Individual infected beetles are less effective at interacting with their environments and also will end up moving less dung. They dig shorter tunnels and produce less offspring.

Life history
As a dung beetle exhibiting paracoprid behavior, or tunneling, both sexes of adult P. vindex work to make the tunnel network in which they will store dung and create brood balls where young can be incubated. To do this, they burrow below the pile of dung they have established and create a chamber; in doing so, they naturally sift the soil around their dung pats, allowing for redistribution of nutrients and loose soil which they use to fill the tunnels so they can protect brood balls in the chamber.

When making the pear-shaped brood balls, P. vindex females perform what looks like a “butting” motion in order to push dung away from where it was originally placed. This behavior attracts males, who will work with the female to make the dung into a ball and roll it into the chamber through the tunnel system they construct together. Once the brood ball is at the bottom of the tunnels, female oviposition occurs, in which she places an egg in the center of the dung ball; several brood balls can be formed in this way, after which all of them will be coated with soil to preserve their quality. Once all the eggs have been positioned in the chamber, the male and female pair construct a second tunnel which contains food for newly hatched beetles as well as those that remain below the soil in colder climates.

Like all beetles, P. vindex undergoes a larval stage followed by pupation before they reach their adult stage. The larvae and both the molting processes happen within the brood ball; it is only when these beetles reach their adult stage that they emerge from the dung in which their parents housed them. The time it takes for these rainbow scarabs to complete these stages ranges between two to six months, with the entire lifespan of the beetle being less than a year. In colder areas, adults will remain in the tunnel networks below the frost line until temperatures increase, after which they will emerge. Because P. vindex have such a varied distribution, most of them undergo the overwintering process under soil. After adults emerge from the soil, they begin the search for a new mate, after which the tunneling process will begin anew. Research has shown that the contents of soil heavily dictate where P. vindex choose to locate their dung pats and tunnel networks, especially because the sandy soils that most other scarab beetles prefer cause larval desiccation in P. vindex.

Mating
Studies have demonstrated that among all dung beetles, but especially P. vindex, feeding and reproductive behaviors have a very close relationship. Both sexes of rainbow scarabs need to consume dung regularly in order to become sexually mature, but females especially need to have this particular diet so they can oviposit.

Among P. vindex, there is varying parental investment, with the females tending to invest more in their offspring than the males. However, it has been observed that females that exhibit higher parental investment through the entire breeding process will tend to choose males that are likely to invest more. During a breeding season, one male and one female will form a breeding pair and conduct all the processes necessary to produce brood balls, but female P. vindex are iteroparous, meaning they can undergo multiple reproductive events in a lifetime, and these can occur with multiple males. Even during one mating season, females will be willing to mate with multiple males, so males need to fight to maintain exclusive access. Males and females will work together to create the tunnel networks and feeding galleries under the dung pats long before the female is sexually mature, and selection has shown to favor males that help in the paracoprid activities and food positioning throughout the tunnel networks. Males will typically fight off other rivals at or around the burrows they have helped create because they can better defend females and their eggs there.

Development
Because P. vindex are able to inhabit such a wide range of habitats, research has been conducted to investigate whether their reproductive habits change according to environmental factors to maximize offspring growth and development, or whether they remain a consistent behavior across all members of the species. One such factor is temperature, which has been known to impact insect development. However, reproductive behavior plasticity based on temperature differences can impact earlier life stage development, so this has been an area of focus.

P. vindex has been observed altering its reproductive behavior based on temperature. Higher temperatures during development have shown to cause faster transitions between life cycle stages, smaller adult body sizes, and potentially, lower survival rates. Consequently,  when they are in warmer climates, females tend to produce more brood balls and bury them deeper to get the broods to cooler areas and have more surrounding soil to protect dung quality. This can come at a cost to brood ball size which, because they are made out of the dung from which offspring get sustenance, can affect offspring nutrition. While there can be some consequences to these behaviors, findings have shown that this plastic adult behavior is adaptive and it can actually buffer developing offspring from temperature changes, which could otherwise adversely impact fitness of adult rainbow scarabs.

Although not all dung beetles experience fitness trade-offs by engaging in these adaptive reproductive behaviors, P. vindex does. The most observable of these trade-offs is that brood balls are smaller as nesting depth increases to a certain extent. Additionally, although deeper nesting can protect offspring from high temperatures, it can cost parents time and energy, which can affect other fitness traits. However, studies have shown that up to an optimal temperature, cold-blooded organisms can become more productive, potentially allowing them to dig through and transport dung more efficiently. Consequently, it is possible that behavioral plasticity in response to varying temperatures can produce more offspring that have a greater chance of survival, even if the offspring do end up being smaller than their typical size.

title: Phanaeus vindex


text:
Arroyo High School

Arroyo High School may refer to:

 * Arroyo High School (San Lorenzo, California)
 * Arroyo High School (El Monte, California)

title: Arroyo High School


text:
User:Sniptilgrab

What ev errrrrrrrr!!!!!!!!!

title: User:Sniptilgrab


text: Category:Books by David Adams Richards

title: Category:Books by David Adams Richards


text: User talk:70.50.116.140

title: User talk:70.50.116.140


text:
Rhys Williams (rugby union, born 1980)

Gethin Rhys Williams (born 23 February 1980 in Cardiff) is a Welsh rugby union player who played for Cardiff Blues and won 44 caps for the Wales national rugby union team as a full-back and winger. During the 2005-2006 season Williams was the captain of the Cardiff Blues.

title: Rhys Williams (rugby union, born 1980)


text:
Mats Scheidegger

Mats Scheidegger (born 1963 in Baden, Switzerland) is a classical guitarist. He specializes in contemporary music, e.g. he is the dedicatee of Sam Hayden's Sam Hayden AXE(S) (info). He has given numerous premieres of contemporary works.

He has been artistic director of the "Tage für Neue Musik Zürich" festival since 1998. He did many recordings for Labels such as Grammont, NMC-Records, Harmonia Mundi.

title: Mats Scheidegger


text:
Talk:Labellum (botany)

I agree this can be moved to Wiktionary (may need rewriting).

This is covered in Orchids#Orchid flowers. Brya 19:11, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

I disagree - I don't think this article should be moved to Wiktionary. The Labellum is a key feature of orchids that differentiates them from other flowers. Much more could be said about how it attracts insects, etc. --Vince 20:50, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

"Callus (botany)" should not redirect here, since the term applies here only to a very specific floral feature of orchids. Botanically, the term is also and commonly applied to the point of attachment of grass florets or (less commonly) to scar tissue associated with propagative cuttings. If the term redirects here then it should be circumscribed, e.g. "Callus (orchids/Orchidaceae)", or noted on the webpage that there are other, unrelated botanical usages. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 168.68.129.127 (talk) 19:35, 9 July 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Labellum (botany)


text:
Mr. Wrestling

George Burrell Woodin (July 28, 1934 – November 30, 2002) was an American professional wrestler, better known by his ring names, Mr. Wrestling and Tim Woods.

Collegiate wrestling career
Woodin received a degree in agricultural engineering from Cornell University and a degree in mechanical engineering from Michigan State University.

Before becoming a professional wrestler, Woodin was a successful collegiate wrestler. While wrestling for the Michigan State Spartans, Woodin won two Big Ten titles in 1958 and 1959. He also finished second in the NCAA tournament in 1958 and 1959.

As a junior at Michigan State, Woodin won the 1958 Big Ten 177-pound title by pinning Gary Kurdelmeier of the University of Iowa at 8:21. A couple of weeks later, the two met again in the 177-pound finals of the 1958 NCAAs at the University of Wyoming, where Woodin lost to Kurdelmeier 6-2.

As a senior, Woodin defeated Iowa's Gordon Trapp 6–4 in the heavyweight finals to win his second Big Ten title. At the 1959 NCAAs, the Michigan State Spartan competed in the 191-pound class, making it to the finals for the second year in a row, but lost 9-5 to Syracuse's Art Baker. With his two runner-up finishes at the national championships, Woodin was a two-time NCAA All-American.

Professional wrestling career
Woodin began his wrestling career at the age of 28 using the name "Tim Woods". He was then given the name "Mr. Wrestling" by Nebraska promotor Joe Dusek, and subsequently adopted both a white wrestling mask and white singlet to complete the character. Mr. Wrestling became a major superstar in the Georgia, Florida, Texas and Mid-Atlantic territories. He wrestled in the World Wide Wrestling Federation in the northeast, at the upper end of the preliminary wrestlers. Starting in the Seventies, he would alternate between his masked persona as Mr. Wrestling and wrestling unmasked as Tim Woods, depending on the territory.

In 1968, Woodin faced street fighter Arnold Spurlin, a former Golden Gloves champion, in a shoot fight in Columbus, Georgia. After Woodin dominated the match, using non-wrestling moves and blows with his fists, Spurlin bit down on the only thing he could to stop the melee - Woodin’s finger. As Woodin danced around Spurlin in pain and trying to remove his finger from his opponent’s grip, other wrestlers entered the ring and began beating Spurlin. Spurlin’ s friends then joined in with knives in hand to run off the wrestlers. As they did, Spurlin spit Woodin’s finger joint across the ring. The finger was subsequently surgically reattached, but Woodin did not regain full use of it. Later that year, Woodin challenged NWA World Heavyweight Champion Gene Kiniski, with the bout being stopped after Woodin's finger began bleeding.

1975 plane crash
Woodin was involved in the same 1975 plane crash which involved pilot Joseph Michael Farkas (he ended up in a coma and died the next year), wrestling legend Johnny Valentine (broke his back and bone fragments impacted into his spinal cord, which ended his career), wrestler Bob Bruggers (broke his back and had a steel rod put in; Bruggers could have made a comeback, but he decided to retire), future legend Ric Flair (broke his back, but recovered and returned to wrestling), and Jim Crockett Promotions' announcer David Crockett. At the hospital, Woodin gave them his real name (George Burrell Woodin), and told them that he was a promoter. Since Woodin wrestled under the name Tim Woods, a newspaper article in the Charlotte Observer listed his name as his real name, George Burrell Woodin, and mentioned that he was a promoter. Woodin was the only fan favorite wrestler on the plane, while the rest wrestled as villains, and this was back in the days when kayfabe was not broken (at the time, Woods was feuding with Flair and Valentine) and heroes and villains were not known to travel together. Eventually, rumors began circulating that Woods was in fact on the plane. Unwilling to risk the exposure of professional wrestling, he got back in the ring two weeks after the crash and was obviously in extreme pain. Flair later said in his book To Be the Man, that he was "more than just Mr. Wrestling that day, but was the man who saved wrestling."

Retirement
Woodin retired from professional wrestling in 1983. After retiring, he ran a heating and air conditioning business.

Personal life
Woodin was an avid collector of motorcycles as well as an accomplished photographer and saxophone player.

On November 30, 2002, Woodin died from a heart attack at his home in Charlotte, North Carolina at the age of 68. Before his death, he was scheduled to be interviewed about the October 1975 plane crash for WWE Confidential.

Amateur wrestling

 * Amateur Athletic Union
 * AAU National Championship (1955, 1957)
 * Big Ten Conference
 * Big Ten Conference Championship (1958, 1959)

Professional wrestling

 * All Japan Pro Wrestling
 * Champion Carnival Technique Award (1975)
 * World's Strongest Tag Determination League Fighting Spirit Award (1979) - with The Masked Strangler
 * American Wrestling Association
 * Nebraska Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * AWA Midwest Tag Team Championship (3 time) - with Reggie Parks (1 time) Luke Brown (1 time) Ron Reed (1 time)
 * Big Time Promotions
 * Big Time Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Cauliflower Alley Club
 * Other honoree (2002)
 * Championship Wrestling from Florida
 * NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
 * NWA Florida Tag Team Championship (2 times) - with Hiro Matsuda (1 time) and Big Bad John (1 time)
 * NWA Florida Television Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Southern Heavyweight Championship (Florida version) (4 times)
 * George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame
 * Class of 2001
 * Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling
 * NWA Mid-Atlantic Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Dino Bravo
 * NWA Mid-Atlantic Television Championship (1 time)
 * NWA United States Heavyweight Championship (Mid-Atlantic version) (1 time)
 * NWA World Tag Team Championship (Mid-Atlantic version) (1 time) - with Dino Bravo
 * Mid-South Sports/Georgia Championship Wrestling
 * NWA Georgia Heavyweight Championship (3 times)
 * NWA Georgia Tag Team Championship (6 times) - with Mr. Wrestling II (4 times), Steve Keirn (1 time) and Thunderbolt Patterson (1 time)
 * NWA Macon Tag Team Championship (2 times) - with Mr. Wrestling II
 * NWA Columbus Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Big Time Wrestling
 * NWA American Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with George Scott
 * NWA Texas Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Hollywood Wrestling
 * NWA Americas Tag Team Championship (2 times) - with Pak Song (1 time) and Dr. Death (1 time)
 * NWA "Beat the Champ" Television Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Mid-America
 * NWA Southern Heavyweight Championship (Memphis version) (1 time)
 * Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 * PWI ranked him #394 of the top 500 singles wrestlers during the "PWI Years" in 2003

title: Mr. Wrestling


text: User talk:68.75.21.145

title: User talk:68.75.21.145


text:
Christine Estabrook

Christine Estabrook (born Mary Christine Estabrook; September 13, 1952) is an American actress, known for her roles on the television series The Crew, Nikki, Desperate Housewives, and American Horror Story; she had a recurring role on the drama Mad Men during the show's fifth, sixth, and seventh seasons. Estabrook has received an Obie Award and Drama Desk Award.

Early life
Estabrook was born to Julianne Shed in East Aurora, New York, and graduated from East Aurora High School. She has three brothers and one sister. Estabrook also has a nephew, Adam McLaughlin, who is a comedian.

Career
At the O'Neill National Playwrights Conference, she created the role of the young daughter in Kevin O'Morrison's Ladyhouse Blues, which then moved to off-Broadway. On Broadway, she was in The Inspector General and Andrei Șerban's production of The Cherry Orchard. She won an Obie Award for her performance in Deborah Eisenberg's Pastorale at the Second Stage, off-Broadway. She also created the role of Helen opposite William H. Macy in Durang's Baby with the Bathwater at Playwrights Horizons. On Broadway, she took over the role of Feni in Wendy Wasserstein's The Sisters Rosensweig. In the fall of 2006, she returned to Broadway in the musical Spring Awakening, playing all the adult female roles.

Since the 1990s, she has mostly done TV and movies, the latter including include Second Sight, Sea of Love, Presumed Innocent, and Spider-Man 2.

She had a recurring role on the popular ABC television series, Desperate Housewives playing Martha Huber, the widowed, nosy neighbor of the street and only friend of Edie Britt (Nicollette Sheridan). Her other appearances include a 2002 episode of the HBO original series, Six Feet Under, wherein she played Emily Previn, a woman who died alone without any family or friends. The episode sparked much discussion in the following days about the character's death. Estabrook has also guest-starred on 7th Heaven, Dharma and Greg, The Guardian, Veronica Mars, and NYPD Blue. In 2009, she guest-starred in two episodes of the CBS drama Ghost Whisperer as Evelyn James, Eli's mom.

In 2011, she appeared on the first season of FX series Murder House as Marcy. She later appeared in a recurring role in the AMC cable-television series Mad Men, playing Joan Harris' mother, Gail Holloway.

title: Christine Estabrook


text:
Talk:Pope Clement VII

NPOV?
This article seems tobe more of an opinion piece on the character of this pope (i.e. an essay) rather than an encyclopedic article. It should be cleaned up to stress facts rather than opinions methinks. (And opinions can be restated in the usual fashion that opinions are represented as in an encyclopedia)

(And yes, I realize this came from a 19th century Britannica, but that does not have modern encyclopedic standards.)

Yep, this article is a disaster. Clement VII suffered the sack of Rome by mutinous protestants of Charles V (he couldn't predict such an act) but he actually reached peace in Italy with the Congress of Bologna and eleveted Medici to royal status in Tuscany and France. Far from the disaster claimed by this article. Barjimoa (talk) 09:16, 4 January 2019 (UTC)

 * Agreed. This article, as it currently reads, borders on character assassination. Basic biographical facts are missing, particularly in the section on Clement VII's papacy. 2601:193:8201:711F:1562:C9EE:31B3:11CB (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 02:50, 31 March 2019 (UTC)

Clement VII's actions againist the Knights Templar
There should definatly be some mention of how Clement VII and Charles V acted to together in helping to destory the Knights Templar. Many would find it interesting that on October 13 1507 all Templar property in Europe was raided and seized by Charles V of France. This is how friday the 13 came to be bad luck many believe. Also his treatment of the templars could be mentions about how The Grand Wizard was burned at the stake and accuartly predicted that both Charles V and Clemont VII would die within a year as he slowly burned. I think those ideas if researched in a better fashion would be a good addition to the article
 * Clement V was the guy who disbanded the Knights Templars, not Clement VII. 2605:A000:1226:8039:207F:A246:2A34:C719 (talk) 17:50, 27 October 2015 (UTC)dmar198

 * And it was Philip IV 'le Bel', not Charles V. And the time was early 1300s not early 1500s.  And the Triskaidekaphobia really started (again) with Jesus and the Twelve Apostles at the disastrous Last Supper.  Everybody 'knows' that.  Vicedomino (talk) 05:03, 27 March 2016 (UTC)

Bearded Wonders!!!
Nothing in Catholic Canon Law requires priests to be clean-shaven. Assertions to the contrary are yet another example of the "original research" that poses as "fact" on Wikipedia. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 4.157.11.90 (talk) 05:38, 31 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I quite agree. Popes in 17th century regularly wore beards (Paul V, Urban VIII, etc.). It was just a fashion. Beards were frequently grown by a person to indicate passage from one stage of life to another, from youth to maturity.  After eight years on this page, sufficient for all points of view to be aired, and all beards to be shaved and grown, I am removing the offending section.  --Vicedomino (talk) 04:53, 27 March 2016 (UTC)

Pope Sylvester I (4th cent.) wears a beard in the mid-13th century mosaics at Santi Quattro Coronati in Rome. --Vicedomino (talk) 05:55, 2 May 2019 (UTC)

Murder victim?
There is a category about this - where is the support in the text? Charles Matthews (talk) 11:25, 24 September 2008 (UTC)

Why is it written here Alessandro was Clement's illigitimate son? In the article on Alessandro it is merely written "many scolars believe" - without any referenced documents. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.113.10.157 (talk) 18:20, 23 May 2009 (UTC)

His View of the Protestant Reformation
The article states: "However, he was considered worldly and indifferent to what went on around him, including the ongoing Protestant reformation." I find this hard to believe. Anyway, I think this needs a source.85.240.21.40 (talk) 00:25, 2 January 2010 (UTC)

Can anyone easily comprehend who his father is?
How does this guy fit into the de Medici genealogy? Why are his parents' names omitted? --LeValley 00:06, 12 April 2010 (UTC)

Why is he considered legitimate? His mother was his father's mistress, not his wife. The declaration of legitimatacy had to have been made after his birth and thus was false. Great, so now the Roman Catholic Church accepts common law marriages. Italians, the most corrupt people on the planet. I'm ashamed to be half-Italian and to carry an Italian surname. Sounds like Italians trying to protect each other, nothing ever changes. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.240.141.29 (talk) 18:54, 26 October 2011 (UTC)

Clement VII and the Issue of Forced Conversions
This is mainly directed to Sparafucil who asked that "maybe Stogre's alleged bias needs to be set out at greater length on talk." First let me say that I agree the Paul III context is important, that is the prePaul III context is important. Clement VII was Pope before Paul III; in Sparafucil's edit he noted that the "post-Paul III context is important". Anyway, while it's clear that Clement VII and Paul III had different tones in their papal documents, the issue of forced conversion has been misunderstood. After reading a fuller translation of Intra Arcana found HERE by M.S. O'Brien, it is obvious that forced conversion is not being alluded to in this document.

In Catholic theology, there is a difference between "coming to the knowledge of God" and the act of will needed to convert to the Catholic Christian faith. I can go into more detail on this if need be, with the writings of theologians on the subject. However, I think this document will suffice. It shows here that Canon Law at the time of Clement VII's pontificate did indeed forbid forced conversions. The relevant text:

"It is necessary to gather into the unity of the faith those who are at variance with the Christian religion, through kindliness, benignity, admonition, and persuasion, so that what the sweetness of the sermon and removal of the terror of the Judge to come could achieve in leading to belief, should not be undone by threats and terrors." (Source: HERE)

On the issue of Stogre's bias, I submit that he has exaggerated what Hanke said in his original essay. On p. 116 of Stogre's book, the quote Sparafucil has cited, Stogre writes: "[Intra Arcana] advocates an aggressive militaristic approach to mission..." This exaggeration is not found in Hanke's essay who simply states on p. 79 of the collection his essay is included: "[an] order was given [to Charlves V] by the May 8 bull to use force against the American Indians if necessary in order to convert them." Again, in light of O'Brien's translation (who is an accredited translator seen HERE) I also submit that Hanke's understanding of what Clement VII authorized in the bull is incorrect. Stogre takes Hanke's misunderstanding to another level, and we can see this in other books on the Native Americans during the Age of Exploration HERE by William Marder and HERE by Wilcomb E. Washburn. What's important to note, is that these three books (among others) all talk about Intra Arcana, and all cite Hanke's essay; specifically this one quote of Intra Arcana which has been misunderstood.

While for the most part, Hanke's essay is a great insight into the time period with many excellent points, his understanding and translation of this one selection of Intra Arcana is at odds with the actual context AND with what is actually being said here. That is, the Pope was giving patronage powers to Charles V and the Spanish Crown. The bull says that Charles V had a right to use arms, not in order to force people to come to believe in the Catholic faith, but in order to govern his territory. So it's within that context that Intra Arcana mentions that a missionary work should be at least be able to exist "[so that] their souls may become partakers of the Heavenly Kingdom." This is why I submit that the charge of Clement VII "enjoin[ing] a militaristic means of evangelizing" should be removed from the page as the charge is false when looking at the actual document.

The Latin of the text for Intra Arcana can be found HERE.

-Airresister12

Clement and the Arts
Baldassare Peruzzi, Benvenuto Cellini, Sebastiano del Piombo, Raphael, reconstruction of Rome after the Sack. --Vicedomino (talk) 17:52, 27 March 2016 (UTC)

Clement under Leo X
Isn't there anything on him in Paris de Grassi's diaries? [yes] or Marino Sanuto's? [yes] or in the Relazioni of the Venetian ambassadors in Rome? [yes] All of these are in print, with commentaries. --Vicedomino (talk) 17:55, 27 March 2016 (UTC)

Nepotism
The following sentence has problems, "Like his cousin Pope Leo X, Clement was considered too generous to his Medici relatives, draining the Vatican treasuries. This included the assignment of positions all the way up to Cardinal, lands, titles, and money. These actions prompted reform measures after Clement's death to help prevent such excessive nepotism". 'Nepotism' is not the same thing as 'too generous to relatives'. Popes, for example, were allowed to grant two red hats to relatives without any questions asked. They could and they all did grant bishoprics and benefices to people who had been their supporters and who had worked for them. None of that was Nepotism. The Medici were a rich family, and very well and lucratively married. It was not they who drained the Treasury dry. It was the Imperial armies, and the need to pay for papal defense, and the need to reconstruct after the Sack. In fact Clement had a reputation for being more careful with money than Leo. The comment depends on one source, and that source should be checked for specifics. --Vicedomino (talk) 02:22, 28 March 2016 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, I've sent that particular source back to the library I got it from. It did have more details on the issues under his papacy, but it is just one source, and his papal finances was not the focus (the Medici family was).  If there are other sources that contradict, I don't see an issue with adjusting or removing it.  1bandsaw (talk) 21:03, 25 April 2016 (UTC)

The Electoral Capitulations of 1523 include a clause: "I will not create any cardinals, even at the request of some Emperor, King, Duke or Prince or other, for whatever cause, even if the grave necessity of the Universal Church is alleged, unless they are older than their thirtieth year, and have doctorates either in Sacred Scripture or in one or other of the Laws [Canon and Civil], or at least, as far as sons or nepotes of kings are concerned, competent in literature; and by the counsel and consent of two-thirds of the Lord Cardinals given by ballot. I may appoint two of my adherents and relations by blood [parentes and consanguineos] as cardinals, so long as they meet the regulations of this chapter. Likewise, except for these two, the number of twenty-four will never be exceeded...." --Vicedomino (talk) 18:46, 28 March 2016 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure which is the problem: Wictionary gives both definitions for . I see two possible controversies. 1. Whether the benefices were a significant drain. Given the placement of the paragraph in Pope_Clement_VII, I wonder whether the reference is talking about contemporary grumblings, or whether Clement was so "considered" by those with the hindsight of the war disaster. 2. What exactly were the reforms, and was Clement their cause? Perhaps there's room for expansion at Cardinal-nephew. Sparafucil (talk) 00:04, 29 March 2016 (UTC)
 * When one is not sure, it is probably better not to attempt to make an editorial change, IMHO. Also, Wictionary is not exactly a reliable source in such matters. It usually doesn't take into account such matters as Canon Law and Electoral Capitulations. Also, as part of Wikipedia, isn't it excluded as a source? --Vicedomino (talk) 01:04, 2 December 2018 (UTC)

whitewashes his role in Henry VIII's request for an annulment
In fact Henry's request was the type often granted, especially to royalty, and Clement's refusal was based not on some lofty ideals (as the article has it) but on power politics and personal cowardice. Namely, Catherine opposed the request, and at the time, Clement was under house arrest by the Emperor, who was Catherine's nephew. 47.20.160.104 (talk) 12:08, 2 November 2016 (UTC) captcrisis

Pope Clement VII & Henry VIII: "Power politics?" Yes. "Personal cowardice?" No.
Pope Clement VII endured both imprisonment and the destruction of Rome at the hands of Charles V. Charles V was Catherine of Aragon's nephew. When she protested her divorce from Henry VIII, Charles V backed her.

If Clement granted Henry VIII's divorce, he faced the real threat of Charles V's army ransacking Italy again.

Compounding matters, before Clement's papacy, Henry VIII had received a papal bull to marry Catherine. (She was Henry's deceased brother's wife.) Thus, ecclesiastically, the divorce would've put Clement VII 'between a rock and a hard place' with many Cardinals and church law.

Did Clement engage in power politics with Henry VIII? Yes. At the same time, in doing so, did Clement attempt to follow church law and also protect the citizens of Rome? Yes. Did he make a good faith effort to try to handle the situation diplomatically and fairly? Yes.

It's difficult to see this scenario as anything but a no-win for Clement VII. Blaming him for the outcome, it seems to me, is like blaming a card player for having been dealt a bad hand.

As to Clement's personal qualities, his handling of this situation with Henry VIII and Charles V shows pragmatism and an inclination for diplomacy, but cowardice? I sense that's a stretch. 174.63.43.252 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 19:36, 9 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pope Clement VII


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User:Der Panzernator

Political Spectrum Score: Economic Left/Right: 4.00, Social Libertarian/Authoritarian: 5.03

title: User:Der Panzernator


text:
Drift Reservoir

Drift Reservoir is a reservoir in Cornwall, England, UK, just north of the village of Drift and west of Penzance. The reservoir is 1200 yards long and covers 65 acre. The dam is at the southern end of the reservoir, and the northern end, splits into north-western and north-eastern shallow arms. It is currently managed, jointly by the South West Lakes Trust and South West Water. There is public access to the dam and parking area only.

History
The reservoir was first given statutory approval in 1938 (under the Penzance Corporation Act 1938) but construction was deferred until after World War II. A joint water scheme was agreed by the Penzance and St Ives Borough Councils to provide water for the Land's End peninsula in 1951 and work finally commenced on 1 March 1959 by Robert Alpine and Sons. The original design had to be amended during excavations when rotting granite was found. It was completed for the West Cornwall Water Board in 1961. It is still the principal source of water for the Penwith area.

The valley of Trewidden Vean, now known as the Lost Valley, was evacuated starting in 1938, with the last family leaving in 1961. The valley was cleared of trees before building started and most of Nanquitho Farm and farmhouse is now under water. The water level in the reservoir sometimes drops low enough to reveal the remains of houses and roads; this happened in the 1970s, the 1990s, and in the summer of 2018.

Natural history and ecology
Initially, in 1962, the reservoir was stocked with 8000 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) from Loch Leven trout fisheries and many buckets of shrimps from Stithians Reservoir. At the beginning of the 21st-century there was over eighty mute swan (Cygnus olor) and many Canada goose (Branta canadensis) due to feeding them out of date items from a local bakery. At the request of the Bolitho Estate feeding was stopped to protect the fishery and water quality.

Due to its geographical location close to the sea, plus good areas of shallow water and exposed mud, it is an important landfall for migrating waders. The north-west arm of the reservoir is managed by the Cornwall Birdwatching and Preservation Society (CBWPS) and the bird hide, due to insurance considerations, is open to members of that organisation only. A successful bird reserve needs an area that is free of continuous disturbance and in 2001 a no fishing area was established in the north-west arm, along with a reed bed of Phragmites australis. A year later it was reported that the no fishing area had helped breeding birds which included common coot (Fulica atra), mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and mute swan.

Although generally hosting only small numbers of birds (244 species recorded), the reservoir has attracted a considerable number of North American vagrant shorebirds and wildfowl, including a number of lesser scaup (Aythya affinis). In May 2016 a Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus) was seen in western Cornwall and was frequently seen on the reservoir. There are 5,000 year old fossil remains of this species from Somerset and this bird could be the first recorded in Britain since then. At the same time as the Dalmatian pelican, a cackling goose, (Branta hutchinsii), which is a scarce but regular North American vagrant was at the reservoir.

Rainbow trout and blue trout are released in the reservoir for trout fishing along with the native brown trout (Salmo trutta). The Cornish open float tube competition is held annually in May.

title: Drift Reservoir


text: User talk:82.53.28.67

title: User talk:82.53.28.67


text: User talk:68.41.150.106

title: User talk:68.41.150.106


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Unilluminati

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 11:30, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

Unilluminati
I have gotten orders from the Wikipedia cabal that this article should be deleted. Thue | talk 19:14, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as non-notable group --Mysidia (talk) 19:15, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as hoax + nonsense. And there is no Wikipedia cabal.  I have been ordered to say that by the Wikipedia  cabal :-/  CH  (talk) 19:37, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Be afraid. Be very afraid. Joaquin Murietta 20:02, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * BJAODN for the excellent one-line summary Ashibaka (tock) 20:21, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Fnord . Ehm, sorry, delete. Ilmari Karonen 21:46, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * AOUM. I mean Delete. Non-notable group. Unlike most secret societies, it is partially verifiable in that they have a website. I tried to join in order to verify their existence, but I must have answered a question incorrectly, or their Javascript isn't work properly or something as I got thrown into my email program with a blank message field and "to" = EarthBoundX5@gmail.com. Webpage contains a copyvio image from "Angels and Demons." Dpbsmith (talk) 23:38, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - should really be a speedy.   — PhilHibbs | talk 14:51, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Abdul Hafeez Kardar

Abdul Hafeez Kardar PP, HI  (17 January 1925 – 21 April 1996) was a Pakistani cricketer, politician and diplomat. He was the first captain of the Pakistan cricket team. He is one of the only three players to have played Test cricket for both India and Pakistan.

He also served as the member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab and remained Punjab Minister for Food under the Bhutto government.

He married twice, once to an English woman, Helen Rosemary Hastilow, the daughter of the Warwickshire County Cricket Club chairman Cyril Hastilow and also to a Pakistani woman, Shahzadi, sister of Pakistani cricketer Zulfiqar Ahmed. He has at least one son, the economist Shahid Hafeez Kardar.

He captained the Pakistan cricket team in its first 23 Test matches from 1952 to 1958, and was later the nation's leading cricket administrator. He is widely regarded as the father figure of Pakistan cricket. He received the Pride of Performance Award from the Government of Pakistan in 1958.

Early career
Kardar was born in a famous Kardar Arain family of Lahore, Punjab in 1925, and educated at Islamia College, Lahore and University College, Oxford. He played domestic cricket for a variety of teams, including Oxford University, Northern India and Muslims. He was one of the few players of his generation who played for India in Tests against England, and following the independence of India and Pakistan, representing Pakistan. Kardar was appointed to lead the team which would play its first official Test series touring India in 1952–53. Kardar fielded his men against Lala Amarnath's Indian team. Although India won in Delhi and Bombay and won the series, Kardar's Pakistani team achieved their first Test victory in only the second Test in Lucknow.

He was a left-handed batsman and a slow left-arm orthodox spin bowler, scoring 6,832 runs and taking 344 wickets in first-class cricket. He averaged 29.83 in batting, and 24.55 in bowling. Kardar played for the Pakistan team from 1948 to 1952, in the years before Pakistan was granted Test status. Kardar also played for Warwickshire and Pakistan Services.

Pakistan's captain
Kardar captained Pakistan against all the Test playing nations of the day, and achieved an unparalleled distinction of leading his team to victory against each of them, which was remarkable for a nascent cricketing nation. Especially famous was the series-levelling victory achieved touring England in 1954 at The Oval. Kardar and his men also created history by winning the first-ever and only Test against Australia in Karachi in 1957. Although aggressive, motivated and confident, Kardar's Pakistan was yet immature, inexperienced and raw in their cricketing skills to win series victories. The attitude of the players was especially criticised when all the five Tests played by the Indian cricket team on its first tour of Pakistan in 1954–55 ended in a draw. The fear of both Indian and Pakistani players of losing to each other, owing to political tensions and the bloody legacy of independence, was too much for competitive cricket to be played. During his tenure, Pakistan won six, lost six and drew eleven matches in a total of 23 Tests. In all his positions of authority, he was inclined to be dictatorial and quickly angered, especially by any hint of criticism. But he was also a visionary and was an advocate of neutral umpires. Kardar retired from international Test cricket in 1958.

Later career
Kardar had been a strong supporter of Mohammad Ali Jinnah and an adherent to the idea of Muslim glory in India. Abdul Hafeez Kardar went into politics and served as the president of the Pakistan Cricket Board from 1972 to 1977. His tenure was notable for increasing representation of Asian and African cricketing nations with the International Cricket Council. Kardar was forced to resign after an embarrassing pay dispute with the players in 1977. He also worked with many charitable and social development causes, and in the last years of his life was Pakistan's ambassador to Switzerland, prior to his death in his hometown, Lahore in 1996. Kardar is today credited with popularising cricket among Pakistani people, for his tutelage of some of Pakistan's greatest cricketers, young talent and prodigies, and his stewardship of the Pakistan team and the board in its early years, developing a culture of pride and professionalism. He was also elected to the provincial assembly of Punjab in 1970 on a ticket of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), and served in the provincial cabinet as a minister.

Tribute
In 2019, he was featured as a Google Doodle on what would have been his 94th birthday.

Awards and recognition

 * Pride of Performance Award in 1958 by the President of Pakistan In 2012, he was posthumously awarded Hilal-i-Imtiaz in recognition of contribution to Pakistan's cricket.

In 2012, he was awarded the Sitara-e-Imtiaz, Pakistan's third-highest civilian award, for his contributions to the country's cricket team.

Books by A.H. Kardar

 * Inaugural Test Matches (1954)
 * Test Status on Trial (1954)
 * Green Shadows (1958)
 * People's Commitment (1971)
 * The Cricket Conspiracy (1977)
 * Is the Economic Future of Our Youth Become? (1985)
 * Bangladesh: The Price of Political Failure (1985)
 * Memoirs of an All-rounder (1987)
 * Pakistan's Soldiers of Fortune (1988)
 * An Ambassador's Diary (1994)
 * Failed Expectations (1995)

title: Abdul Hafeez Kardar


text:
Talk:Alex Kapranos/Archive VFD

from VfD:

Vanity Page. Dsmdgold 23:23, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC) I was unaware that the band Franz Ferdinand was anything but a local Glasgow band, and nothing in its page indicated any particular notability, such as the existence of hit singles. I see now that I was wrong. Keep Dsmdgold 13:30, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete - vanity. Jelly441 23:34, 2 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Franz Ferdinand (band) It can be cleaned up later. Kinitawowi 23:41, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. Franz Ferdinand is an up-and-coming important band, with hit singles. Do your research before you nominate things. Mike H 23:43, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Weak keep. Notable musician, although at this point there isn't much reason for him to have an article separate fromthe one for Franz Ferdinand.   — Gwalla | Talk 00:09, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. (Merge and redirect to the band if you must.) Notability of a band does not automatically imply that every member of that band deserves a separate article.  Rossami 02:56, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * We should go ahead and list Rivers Cuomo, then, with that logic. Mike H 02:59, Oct 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Possibly, though the Rivers Cuomo article at least implies that he's done something independent from the band Weezer. Rossami
 * Exactly. Just because you like them and they have a few singles doesn't necessarily mean they'll be around in a year. They may develop into a more established band, but to include an article on a member whose only notability is that he is a part of this band is ridiculous. Merge and redirect to the band article, at best. Timbo 04:30, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * He is extremely significant to Glasgow's music scene, which has produced many bands important to music culture of today. Just because you don't like them/ him does not mean he should lose the credit he deserves.Violetta
 * KEEP. I don't see how independent articles for band members can possibly be considered "vain." They're not to promote, but to inform those who would like to know more about the people that make the music they love.  Also, many details are left out of the general page, such as certain bands members have played in before.  People might like to hear music similar to the band they like; it should be their choice.
 * Violetta, sign your votes. Also, facts as miniscule and insignificant as him working "as a chef, a bartender, a teacher, and other various jobs" are not encyclopedic; they belong on a fan site. The band page is an appropriate place to state the previous, marginally successful cult bands in which members have played. Timbo 04:41, 5 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * How are they insignificant? They serve as details of humanity.  If you look at any biography, you will see a list of various jobs worked by a person.  As an example: (Taken from a biography of Abraham Lincoln) "Afterwards he moved to New Salem, Illinois, where he lived until 1837. While there he worked at several jobs including operating a store, surveying, and serving as postmaster." Should this have been left out?  No, it's these little facts that give popular people a realistic sense.  They're a backdrop for their character. And the supposed "marginally successful cult bands in which members have played" also serve as an important features in character and influence to important music figures, so I believe they should be included in their independent articles. Violetta
 * Keep -- Popsracer 12:33, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * I certainly wouldn't call this vanity - Franz Ferdinand are definitely a famous band now, so creating an article for the lead singer may appear obvious to some people. However, I don't feel he's done anything separate from the band to need a separate article (as compared to, say, Bono), so I'd suggest a redirect. Average Earthman 15:10, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep Sietse 17:35, 3 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Redirect and merge as has already happened to another band member. (McCarthy?)Rich Farmbrough 23:43, 6 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Merge and redirect: Neat band, hit single, but the members of the band are not famous or notable except in the context of the band, and therefore they do not deserve or require independent articles. When one of them becomes an MP, then that one needs an article in the band and separately.  Not now. Geogre 02:29, 8 Oct 2004 (UTC)

end moved discussion

title: Talk:Alex Kapranos/Archive VFD


text: User talk:82.9.160.164

title: User talk:82.9.160.164


text:
Vladimir Istomin

Vladimir Ivanovich Istomin (Владимир Иванович Истомин; 21 February 1810 – 19 March 1855 ) was a Russian rear admiral (1853) and hero of the Siege of Sevastopol.

Biography
In 1827, Vladimir Istomin graduated from the Naval College. That same year, he then took part in the Battle of Navarino and later in the blockade of the Dardanelles (1828-1829). In 1836, Istomin was transferred from the Baltic Fleet to the Black Sea Fleet. In 1850, he was appointed commander of the ship of the line Parizh (Париж), which would participate in the Battle of Sinop in 1853.

During the Siege of Sevastopol, Vladimir Istomin was in charge of the defense of the Malakhov Mound (Малахов курган) and nearby redoubts, setting an example of bravery and tenacity. He was killed by a cannonball on the Kamchatka redoubt on March 7, 1855. Istomin was buried in the Admirals' Burial Vault in Sevastopol.

Legacy
A bust portraying Russian admirals and sailors from the Crimean War, including Vladimir Istomin, was erected at Sevastopol Park after renovations in 2008.

title: Vladimir Istomin


text:
Wes Walz

Wesley Walz (born May 15, 1970) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and former assistant coach with the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League (NHL). Previously, he played centre for the Minnesota Wild and served as team captain. Walz played in 607 NHL games in 11 seasons with Boston, Philadelphia, Calgary, Detroit, and Minnesota. He had 260 points (109 goals, 151 assists) and 343 penalty minutes and earned 40 career multi-point games.

Playing career
Walz was drafted 57th overall by the Boston Bruins in the 1989 NHL Entry Draft. At the time, he was playing for the Lethbridge Hurricanes of the Western Hockey League (WHL), a team for which he played two seasons, playing 119 games and scoring 83 goals and 161 assists for 244 points. For the next seven seasons, Walz played a good chunk of his time in the secondary American Hockey League (AHL). He averaged better than a point per game in the AHL, and was named MVP of the 1996 AHL All-Star Game, but this didn't earn him a full-time NHL job. Walz scored his first NHL goal on February 20, 1990 in Boston's 5-3 win at Calgary. He did manage to score a career-high 38 points in 53 games for the Calgary Flames in 1993–94, but in 1996, he left North American hockey for the Swiss league.

After four seasons in Switzerland, Walz returned to North America by signing a contract with the expansion franchise Minnesota Wild. During training camp for the Wild, Walz displayed an extremely high work ethic and seemingly unstoppable amount of energy on the ice. Due to his efforts, Wild head coach Jacques Lemaire almost immediately dubbed Walz as his designated checker, placing him primarily on the checking line. This was a turning point in Walz's career, as he became not only a full-time NHL player with Minnesota, but also one of the league's best defensive forwards and considered by many as one of the league's premier ironmen, comparable to players such as Rod Brind'Amour. In his first season back, Walz played all 82 regular season games, scoring 18 goals, 7 of which were shorthanded. When the Wild made the playoffs in 2003, Walz helped them make it all the way to the Western Conference Finals, scoring 7 goals and 6 assists in 18 games.

On November 1, 2007, Walz left the team for personal reasons. On November 8, 2007, he was granted an indefinite leave of absence by the Wild. On December 1, 2007, the Wild held a press conference during which Walz announced his retirement. Walz retired as the franchise's leader in all-time games played, although he is now fourth behind Marián Gáborík, Nick Schultz and Mikko Koivu.

Coaching career
In June 2008, Walz signed a three-year contract to become an assistant coach with the Tampa Bay Lightning under head coach Barry Melrose. Though Melrose was fired only 16 games into his tenure with the Lightning, Walz was retained as a member of the coaching staff under new head coach Rick Tocchet. During his tenure in Tampa Bay, Tocchet asked Walz to personally tutor former number one draft pick Steven Stamkos. In an interview, Stamkos told the Minneapolis Star-Tribune, "It was pretty special that he took the time to work with me and make me a better player, and I'm thankful for it."

In February 2010, Lightning general manager Brian Lawton informed Walz he was being replaced by Jim Johnson, then head coach of the Lightning's AHL affiliate, the Norfolk Admirals. In turn, Lawton offered Walz the opportunity to take Johnson's place as head coach of the Admirals. When Walz declined due to family reasons, Lawton dismissed him from the organization. Later, it was revealed Lawton made the change without consulting Tocchet.

Personal life
Since 2023, Walz has worked as a sports analyst on Fox Sports North for the Minnesota Wild. He and his wife Kerry-Anne have five children: Kelvin, Jaedyn, Brehna, Cheyne, and Wrexyn.

Walz volunteered as head coach with the Raptors of East Ridge High School in Woodbury, Minnesota. There he coached his son, Kelvin, on the boys varsity ice hockey team, and a few years later he coached his daughter, Jaedyn, on the girls varsity hockey team.

Awards

 * WHL East First All-Star Team – 1990

title: Wes Walz


text:
Lawrence A. Hyland

Lawrence A. "Pat" Hyland (August 26, 1897 – November 24, 1989) was an American electrical engineer. He is one of three individuals, with whom are credited in major contributions to the invention of radar, but is probably best known as the man who transformed Hughes Aircraft from Howard Hughes' aviation "hobby shop" into one of the world's leading technology companies.

Hyland was born in Nova Scotia, Canada, but his family moved to the U.S. in 1899, where he was raised in Massachusetts. He served in the U.S. Army during World War I, and then in the U.S. Navy until 1926. Hyland then joined the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory as a radio engineer. While at NRL he first demonstrated the reflection of radio waves from aircraft, and also made other contributions to the development of doppler radar.

In 1932 Hyland founded the Radio Research Company, which would later be merged into the Bendix Corporation; he eventually became Vice President for Research and Engineering at Bendix.

In 1954 Hyland was hired as vice president and general manager of Hughes Aircraft; he would ultimately become company President and CEO after Howard Hughes' death in 1976. Under Hyland's guidance, Hughes Aircraft continued to diversify and become immensely profitable. Among other accomplishments, the company developed numerous radar systems, electro-optical systems, the first working laser, aircraft computer systems, missile systems, spacecraft, and many other advanced technologies. Hyland retired from active service in 1980, but he retained close contact with the company until his death.

During his lifetime Hyland frequently advised the U.S. government on science and technology. At various times he served as a senior consultant to the President's Science Advisory Committee, the Atomic Energy Commission, and the Central Intelligence Agency; and he was a member of the Defense Industry Advisory Council.

Some of Hyland's honors and awards include:
 * 1950 – Navy Distinguished Public Services Award for pioneering contributions to radar
 * 1954 – Honorary Doctorate of Engineering, Lawrence Institute of Technology
 * 1955 – Named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
 * 1957 – IEEE Pioneer Award for Aeronautical and Navigation Electronics
 * 1967 – Collier Trophy for the Surveyor 1 Moon landing
 * 1967 – Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association Gold Medal for Meritorious Service
 * 1974 – IEEE Founders Medal for leadership and management in the field of electronics

Hyland's autobiography, Call Me Pat: The Autobiography of the Man Howard Hughes Chose to Lead Hughes Aircraft, was published posthumously in 1994.

title: Lawrence A. Hyland


text:
Talk:Star Cops

Old comments

 * Have expanded, though more information could undoutedly (always) be added, so have removed expansion tag. Stephenb [[User talk:Stephenb|(Talk)]] 14:37, 22 November 2005 (UTC)

Should we let the episodes have their own indivial pages, and perhaps we should do the same for the characters also, just that the episode summarys are merely synopsises. Tenchi Muyo 20:03, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

Update
Returning to this article after a long absence I have expanded significantly. However, length is now c. 45 kilobytes. I could separate the episode guide but guidelines seem to indicate this should only be done for series with more than one season. Opinions? Joe King 18:37, 13 October 2006 (UTC)

Passed GA
Article passed GA, pretty nice. It really presents it in a good fashion, and is well referenced. My only suggestion is to trim down wherever possible, and perhaps another peer review to work towards FA.  Dooms Day349  01:40, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

Tense
Hope I'm not treading on anybody's toes here but I corrected the tense from "was" to "is" as the show is still in existence. thanks/Fenton, Matthew Lexic Dark 52278 Alpha 771 19:51, 20 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I agree. I tried to do this earlier to a couple of old TV series articles, but was reverted by someone who claimed that the standard style according to the Wikipedia TV project (see above) is to say "was" for defunct shows.  I'm not sure what the policy is these days, but some have "was" and some "is"! Stephenb (Talk) 09:37, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

stereo?
The infobox says stereo. I remember hearing at the time it was going to be one of the first BBC series in stereo, but the DVD and the VHS releases are both mono. Fuddle (talk) 19:16, 28 July 2014 (UTC)
 * It was supposed to be, but the stereo mix was never on the transmission tapes. At the time very few transmitters had been upgraded for NICAM, and hardly any receiving equipment (i.e. TVs and VCRs) was available, so it went un-noticed at the time. The original stereo recordings apparently exist in private hands, and the BBC has no copies, hence they weren't available for the VHSs/DVDs. Nick Cooper (talk) 09:13, 29 July 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Star Cops


text:
Talk:Star Cops/to do

Please expand last five episodes of this show. ant_ie 19:17, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Star Cops/to do


text:
Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory

The Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory, or TRAO is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. It is located in the science town of Taeduk, part of Daejeon, South Korea.

History
Founded in 1986, it is with a run through a cooperative agreement with the Ministry of Science and Technology of South Korea.

Equipment

 * 14 meter radio telescope

title: Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory


text:
Adam Black

Adam Black (20 February 1784 – 24 January 1874) was a Scottish publisher and politician. He founded the A & C Black publishing company, and published the 7th, 8th and 9th editions of the Encyclopædia Britannica.

Life
Black was born in Charles Street, Edinburgh, the son of Isabella Nicol and Charles Black, a master builder. He was educated at the Royal High School and the University of Edinburgh. After serving as an apprentice to Mr Fairbairn, an Edinburgh bookseller, he began business for himself in Edinburgh in 1808. By 1826 he was recognised as one of the principal booksellers in the city; and a few years later he was joined in business by his nephew Charles.

In 1827 he purchased the copyright of the Encyclopædia Britannica, along with co-investors Macvey Napier and James Browne LLD. In this capacity he became publisher of the esteemed volume and produced the 7th, 8th and 9th editions of the Encyclopædia Britannica. He also negotiated the purchase of the stock and copyright of the Waverley Novels. .

In 1817 he relocated his bookshop to 27 North Bridge in the Old Town and in 1832 his home is given as 30 Broughton Place in the eastern New Town. In 1851 the firm bought the copyright of the Waverley Novels for £27,000, and in 1861 they became the proprietors of De Quincey's works.

Adam Black was twice Lord Provost of Edinburgh, and represented the city in parliament from 1856 to 1865.

He retired from business in 1865, and lived his final years at 38 Drummond Place in the New Town. He died on 24 January 1874. He was succeeded by his sons, who removed their business in 1895 to London. In 1877 a bronze statue by John Hutchison of Adam Black was erected in East Princes Street Gardens, Edinburgh. He is buried in Warriston Cemetery on the outer face of the catacombs close to James Young Simpson.

Family
Black was married to Isabella Tait (1796–1877). Their children included Charles Bertram Black (1821–1906), Francis Black (1830–1892) and Adam William Black (1836–1898).

His granddaughter, Eda Lawrie married the botanist Robert John Harvey Gibson.

Trained under Black
William Durham FRSE (1834–1893) was apprenticed under Black.

title: Adam Black


text:
Stephan Schmidt

Stephan Schmidt is a German-born classical guitarist now residing in Switzerland.

Biography
He studied in Trossingen, Paris and New York City.

His recording (in 2000) of Bach's lute works (original versions) played on a multi-string guitar has been called the "a new reference recording of Bach's luteworks on the guitar" by Fono Forum and has received multiple 5-star ratings (BBC Music Magazine, Classic CD), praises.. & awards (Diapason d’Or, etc.).

In 1994 he was awarded the Grand Prix du Disque of the L'Académie Charles Cros for his recording of Maurice Ohana's complete works for guitar (on the ten-string guitar).

Teaching
Schmidt taught at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater in Bern from 1998 to 2001. Since 2002 he has been director of the Hochschule für Musik Basel at the Musik-Akademie der Stadt Basel.

Biography

 * http://www.stephanschmidt.ch
 * Information at Hochschule für Musik in Basel

Recordings
details from Stephan Schmidt's homepage
 * Domenico Scarlatti: Sonates pour Guitare; 1995 (Valois - Auvidis) (audio)
 * Castelnuovo-Tedesco: The Complete Chamber Music for Guitar; 1997 (Valois - Auvidis)
 * Bach: Lute Works; 2000 (naïve-Auvidis)  (audio)
 * Maurice Ohana: L’Oeuvre pour Guitare; 1993, 2001 (Disques Montaignes - naïve)
 * Swiss Contemporary Guitar Duets - Guitar Duo Scheidegger / Schmidt  review

title: Stephan Schmidt


text:
User talk:Saintali

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- a.n.o.n.y.m  t 19:18, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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Fair use rationale for Image:Cloob.com logo.jpg
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Cloob
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AfD nomination of Cloob
An article that you have been involved in editing, Cloob, has been listed for deletion. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/Cloob. Thank you. Marasmusine (talk) 08:05, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

RE:Book by Sulaiman Nadvi
Salam, Can you please gather more information and a link to the publication of the book.-- Seyyed(t-c) 01:55, 10 May 2013 (UTC)

Welcome to WDL!
Hey Saintali! I'm so happy to see you signed up to join the project - welcome. You can dive into our to-do lists here. The to-do lists for Central Asia is here and the Middle East is here. Be sure to watchlist your favorite to-do lists, as they will continue to grow as new content gets added to the WDL website. Also, you can always search the WDL website for something that you're interested in. And be sure to share your outcomes here. If I can help with anything just ask and welcome aboard! SarahStierch (talk) 13:56, 26 May 2013 (UTC)

World Digital Library-Wikimedia Partnership Newsletter
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ArbCom elections are now open!
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title: User talk:Saintali


text: Template:Fitzpatrick-court

title: Template:Fitzpatrick-court


text:
Attorney General of Virginia

The attorney general of Virginia is an elected constitutional position that holds an executive office in the government of Virginia. Attorneys general are elected for a four-year term in the year following a presidential election. There are no term limits restricting the number of terms someone can serve as attorney general.

History
In the Colony of Virginia, attorneys general were typically appointed by the king of England, with vacancies in the office filled by the appointment of the colonial governor or lieutenant governor, sometimes in consultation with the governor's council. The Virginia Constitution of 1851 provided for the popular election of the attorney general.

Mary Sue Terry, sworn in in 1986, was Virginia's first female attorney general. Jason Miyares, sworn in on January 15, 2022, is the state's first Latino attorney general.

Qualifications
The position of attorney general is established by Article V, Section 15 of the Constitution of Virginia, and they are elected for four years and serve concurrently with the governor. All candidates for attorney general must be at least thirty years old, a citizen of the United States, and have the same qualifications required of a Virginia Circuit Court judge.

Responsibilities
The attorney general represents the legal interests of the people of Virginia and agencies and boards of the state's government. By law, the attorney general must represent the state and its constituent agencies unless it is impractical to do so, in which case private legal representation may be contracted to serve in their place. They are responsible for aiding investigative activities into certain criminal activities, enforcing certain laws, and providing official advice on questions of law to members of the Virginia General Assembly and other state officials. The attorney general can be impeached and removed from office by the Virginia General Assembly.

The office of attorney general is led by the attorney general. Under them serve a chief deputy attorney general, four deputy attorneys general, and various other legal and support staff.

Attorneys general of colonial Virginia
Records of this period are sparse. The attorney general was appointed by the King, a combination of the governor and council, or the governor or acting governor. There was no term of office, and the office may have been vacant for extended periods.

Attorneys general (1776–1857)
From 1776 to 1851, the attorney general was elected by the General Assembly, or, in case of vacancy, appointed by the governor for an undefined term. The Virginia Constitution of 1851 introduced popular election and four-year terms. After the 1851 constitution, vacancies would be filled by the General Assembly, if they were in session, or by the governor.

Attorneys general during the Civil War and Reconstruction
Tucker served as the attorney general of Confederate Virginia throughout the Civil War. Wheat and Bowden served as the attorneys general for Restored Government of Virginia. From 1865 to 1870, the commanding general of the military district of Virginia appointed the office.

title: Attorney General of Virginia


text:
Talk:Juan Moreira

=Order of the Governor=

Untitled
Under the section on Moreira's death, it says that:

In April, 1874, Casimiro Villamayor, the counsellor of Lobos through order of Mariano Acosta, governor of the Province of Buenos Aires sent 25 men led by Commander Bosch from the police department in Buenos Aires.

I can't tell if the governor ordered the 25 men sent, or if he only ordered the appointment of Casimir Villamayor, who sent them himself independently. I'll look to see if the Spanish version of this page tells this fact more clearly, but if not, I'd appreciate some help from someone who knows the story, since I don't. --Cromwellt | Talk 19:20, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I looked up the Spanish Wikipedia page, but that didn't help, so I googled it and found the original source in the online newspaper from the city of Lobos in Argentina. I still couldn't figure it out exactly, so I asked a Mexican friend of mine to look at it, and she confirmed that it was the governor who ordered the men sent, which Villamayor did.  I've done a ton of cleanup and reworking/rewording on this page, so I am going to boldy remove the cleanup tag.  --Cromwellt | Talk 21:30, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

This article was written in haste (I'm the author) and it was freely provided by a digital news site from Lobos because the owner is my cousin. I will add more information on this article with more details. I'm looking for pictures and historical documents, but it has been really hard to get ahead with this. Luis María Benítez 13:13, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

gutierrez
i think you are talking more about the literary figure that eduardo gutierrez created in his Juan Moreira novel than about the real Moreira. Maybe it would be wise to add a comment about the novel, which is not so historically accurate (very fun, though). Patafisica 20:36, 16 November 2006 (UTC)patafisica

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title: Talk:Juan Moreira


text:
Earl Krugel

Earl Leslie Krugel (November 24, 1942 – November 4, 2005) was the coordinator of the Jewish Defense League in the Western United States. In 2005, he was sentenced to prison on charges of terrorism after he confessed to plotting, with the group's leader Irv Rubin, to blow up the office of Arab-American congressman Darrell Issa and the King Fahd mosque in Culver City, California. He was kept in protective custody for three years for the 2001 bomb plot. Following his sentencing, he was transferred to a medium-security federal prison. Three days later, another prisoner killed Krugel by striking him in the head with a block of concrete.

Life
At one time, Krugel worked as a dental assistant in California's San Fernando Valley. He had been active with the Jewish Defense League since its founding in 1968.

In November 2001, he was arrested at his home in California after receiving a delivery of gunpowder. Bomb components including pipes, end caps, detonators and gunpowder were confiscated along with multiple rifles and handguns. In December 2001 Krugel and Rubin were arraigned on conspiracy charges to send explosives to the Sherman Oaks office of U.S. congressman Darrell Issa, a Lebanese-American, and to bomb the King Fahd Mosque in Culver City. According to the affidavit in support of the charges, Krugel had stated to an FBI informant that "Arabs needed a wake-up call and the JDL needed to do something to one of their 'filthy mosques'. According to the San Francisco Chronicle the affidavit also "painted a picture of a tiny gang that sat around talking about what to blow up but generally shied away from blowing up people".

In 2003, the bombing charges were dropped and Krugel was allowed to plead guilty to reduced charges of conspiracy to violate civil rights, and to a weapons charge. U.S. District Court Judge Ronald S.W. Lew accepted the plea. Part of the plea agreement demanded that Krugel reveal the names of all JDL activists involved in the 1985 bombing of Alex Odeh's office. The plea agreement was later retracted with details sealed to the public. He was sentenced to 20 years in prison in September 2005.

Imprisonment and death
On November 4, 2005, at the Federal Correctional Institution in Phoenix, Arizona, Krugel, BOP# 20966-112, was murdered by a member of the Aryan Brotherhood prison gang, who used a concrete block to strike his head. Krugel had been at the medium security prison for just three days.

The suspect, David Frank Jennings, 30, a white supremacist, attacked Krugel from behind with a piece of concrete hidden in a bag while Krugel was using an exercise machine, delivering multiple blows to his skull, face and neck. Krugel suffered multiple skull fractures, internal bleeding and multiple lacerations to his head, face and brain. The beating knocked out teeth and also fractured one of his eye sockets. Krugel was pronounced dead at the scene.

In 2007, Jennings plead guilty to second-degree murder, and in 2008 was sentenced to 35 years in prison.

title: Earl Krugel


text:
Talk:Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory

Untitled
This data box should be in the article, but I can't get it to fit for some reason...--Rayc 19:22, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory


text:
Prison Song (film)

Prison Song is a 2001 American film directed by Darnell Martin. A prison film, its plot concerns a boy brought up in group homes who has a gift and passion for art. It also marked the film debut of future Oscar-nominated Mary J. Blige as an actress.

Plot
The film centers around 10-year-old intelligent Elijah Butler (Justin 'DJ' Spaulding) living in New York. His mother (Mary J. Blige) is a hard-working woman who has spent the last several years attending night school – with the eventual goal of becoming a lawyer. Given that she is from a lower-class area, she is having a tough time finding employment as a legal secretary. Her fiancé, Cee (Harold Perrineau), a photographer and supporter of the family, has a genuine bond with Elijah. Later, Cee is incarcerated after assaulting an officer who began harassing him on a street corner for taking pictures of passing pedestrians. He ends up serving twenty-five to life term for having three consecutive charges.

Later that night, Elijah and his best friend, Thomas Wilson (Dominique Walters), find themselves incarcerated at a juvenile correctional facility for playing a prank on a police officer with a laser pointer. When Elijah's mother comes to get him and is told he could not be released, Elijah is taken from her with both trying their best to get to one another. She assaults an officer by stabbing him with a pen and then is taken to a mental institution. The officer she assaulted tried to stop her when she tries to take Elijah out of the facility. Elijah has one visit with his mother, who is unaware of her surroundings due to obvious medication given from the facility. Elijah eventually is released from the juvenile facility and put in a foster home.

The film picks up years later, and Elijah (Q-Tip) is now a sensitive adult with dreams of becoming an artist with the support of his girlfriend Jolie (Denee Rivera). He is offered a spot at a prestigious art school under scholarship, but it gets taken away and is now unable to afford the tuition. Much to the chagrin of Cee who Elijah still sees through prison visits, Elijah considers a foray into the world of drug dealing. Though he eventually decides against that route, he winds up in jail for accidentally killing one of his foster brothers Big Pete (Fat Joe) by pushing him on to the subway tracks during an altercation. Elijah is then found guilty of second-degree murder and sentenced to fifteen years to life.

When he gets to jail, he is reunited with Thomas (Eric McCollum). Having a hard time adapting to prison life, Elijah takes an art class and paints works of art that impresses his fellow prisoners; however, due to funds, the art class is discontinued, much to his dismay. The prisoners are then subjected to hard labor on an abandoned building. Elijah then stages an uprising by setting fire to the building, which puts him in solitary confinement. Life for the prisoners gets worse when the officers take away the water, gym, physical education and classes, which sends Elijah to his breaking and he decides to break out.

Elijah concocts a plan to break out of prison and enlists the help of Thomas, his cellmate Harris (Danny Hoch), KT (Clay Da Raider), Brown (Bobbito Garcia), and Jay (Hassan Johnson), who works as an electrician in the jail. Before the group proceeds with the plan, Harris bails out at the last minute. The group uses a ladder to break through the window and press a button that opens the gate. As the group makes their way to a police car, Jay stabs Thomas multiple times in the back with a screwdriver as revenge. (Earlier in the film, Thomas stole toilet paper from Jay and he tried to stab Thomas, who turned the tables on him and slit his mouth and sent him to protective custody.) Elijah goes back to save Thomas, who ends up dying in his arms. He ends up getting stuck in between a four-wall fence while holding an officer hostage and is then killed by a shotgun blast to the chest.

Sometime later, Elijah's artwork of people he drew during his time in prison ends up at an art gallery, with visitors looking at each one. The camera then zooms in on a painting of Elijah and Thomas as kids as the film ends.

Cast

 * Q-Tip - Elijah Dixon Butler
 * Justin "DJ JUS" Spaulding - young Elijah
 * Mary J. Blige - Mrs. Butler
 * Harold Perrineau - Uncle Cee
 * Denee Rivera - Jolie
 * Eric McCollum - Thomas Wilson
 * Dominique Walters - young Thomas
 * Fat Joe - Big Pete
 * N.O.R.E. - Big Ski
 * Brian A. Wilson - Prison C.O.
 * Snow - Officer McIntyre
 * Danny Hoch - Harris
 * Mateo Gómez - Mr. Gonzalez
 * Hassan Johnson - Jay
 * Clay Da Raider - KT
 * Bobbito Garcia - Brown

Production
On the basis of his appearances on The Howard Stern Show, Insane Clown Posse member Joseph Bruce was offered a role as a bigoted prison guard. He was described by the producers as "a big white dude with urban slang to his voice." Bruce turned the role down because he did not want to play a racist.

title: Prison Song (film)


text:
Talk:Polybutylene terephthalate

PB Plumbing
This type of plastic gained noteriety when builders began using it for interior plumbing in the late 70s. PB or PolyB pipes are flexible and easier to work with than copper or PVC pipes, as well as being cheaper. However, the plastics degrade when exposed to UV and chlorinated water. The acetal resin-based fittings eventually degrade, and the aluminum crimp rings, used to hold the pipe to barbed fittings, eventually become loose and leak.

A number of class action lawsuits were opened to address damages to consumer's houses.

The rings were changed to copper, the crimp design was changed, and the fittings were changed to copper or brass. This has made PB fittings much more stable. There are still questions about the actual pipe, however. It is thought that the pipe may be permanently damaged if it is left exposed to sunlight for extended periods while in storage or on the job site.

Good information, including pictures: http://accuspec.biz/PB%20Plumbing.htm

Class action lawsuit information: http://www.pbpipe.com/

--Mdwyer 19:23, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

BPA
There is no BPA present in polybutylene terephthalate, so i'm removing the Health effect section that claims BPA is released. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wolframite74 (talk • contribs) 17:27, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

Clarification re. ambiguity around susceptibility to ultraviolet degradation
There was a "contradictory" tag added to this page re. a perceived inconsistency between the header section (stating that PBT requires UV protection if used outdoors), versus the applications section (stating that PBT is highly resistant to UV discoloration). I tweaked the wording and resolved the tag on the following bases: (1) the first application is outdoors whereas the second is generally indoors, where UV levels are substantially lower, (3) the keyboard application is making an implicit comparison to other plastics used for this purpose (the conventional alternative is ABS, which is highly susceptible to UV-induced discoloration), so I adjusted the wording to make that explicit, and (3) I also added a citation for the relative UV resistance of PBT vs ABS, though it would be great if a better source was found.

- Ahhwhereami (talk) 02:28, 28 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Polybutylene terephthalate


text:
Nerijus Barasa

Nerijus Barasa (born 1 June 1978) is a Lithuanian former professional footballer. He played as a right-back or defensive midfielder.

Career
Barasa started his career with FBK Kaunas in 1994 before joining Atlantas Klaipėda the following season. After a year in Latvia with Baltika Liepāja, he returned to Lithuania with his family, then FBK Kaunas came in for him.

Kaunas beckoned for Barasa in 2001, where he spent the following five seasons; four in the Russian Premier League with FC Krylia Sovetov Samara and FC Alania Vladikavkaz and one in the Russian First Division with FC Lada Togliatti. During this period he was called up to the Lithuanian national team, earning his first cap in 2001.

At the end of the 2005 season, Barasa moved to Scotland, signing for FBK Kaunas, then being immediately loaned to Heart of Midlothian. He joined the Tynecastle side on 13 January 2006 and spent a total of 16 months with the Edinburgh club before moving back to Kaunas.

In October 2006, Barasa was at the centre of controversy when he and compatriot Saulius Mikoliūnas were booed by Hearts fans for perceived poor form in a game against Rangers. This prompted Hearts' Sporting Director Alex Kozlovski to suggest that the supporters had ulterior motives for booing them, expressly their nationality. This claim was contested by fans representative groups and Kozlovski later apologised and retracted it.

Barasa missed half of the 2006–07 season due to injury and left Hearts in the summer of 2007, before also rescinding his contract with Kaunas. After that he retired in order to pursue business interests in Samara, Russia, where he lives with his wife. His last game was against Celtic in the Scottish Premier League on 14 January 2007.

International goals

 * Scores and results list Lithuania's goal tally first.

Honours
National Team
 * Baltic Cup
 * 2005

title: Nerijus Barasa


text:
The Bay of Love and Sorrows

The Bay of Love and Sorrows is a 1998 novel by David Adams Richards.

Background
Like many of Richards's books, The Bay of Love and Sorrows is set during the 1970s; the book was in part inspired by his experiences growing up then in New Brunswick. Richards told the Edmonton Journal that the book was about "how children get manipulated, often by other children... how easy it is to be manipulated as a child."

The first printing of the novel sold out before it was released.

Plot
Set in rural New Brunswick, Canada in 1974, the novel follows protagonist Michael Skid, the privileged son of the town judge. After a falling out with his friend Tom Donnerel, Michael befriends Madonna and Silver Brassaurd, a brother and sister who draw him into the orbit of Everette Hutch, a charismatic and violent man who ultimately leads the three youths to commit murder.

Critical reception
The Bay of Love and Sorrows received mixed reviews. The Globe and Mail praised the novel, writing: "Like the best of Richards's works... [the book is] dark in tone, both harshly realistic and lyrically sympathetic to the most disadvantaged members of society." The book was also reviewed favorably by the Calgary Herald, which called it "grim but beautiful," the New Brunswick Telegraph Journal, and the Toronto Star.

The Ottawa Citizen was more mixed, criticizing the book's "banal characterizations, awkward sentences, obvious symbols and tidy plot" but suggesting it might work well as a film adaptation. Kirkus Reviews was also negative, writing that the novel "strains both credibility and the reader’s ability to keep a straight face with this pullulating melodrama."

Adaptations
The novel was adapted into a 2002 film starring Peter Outerbridge as Everette Hutch, Jonathan Scarfe as Michael Skid, Joanne Kelly as Madonna Brassaurd, Christopher Jacot as Silver Brassaurd, Torquil Campbell as Vincent Donnerel and Elaine Cassidy as Carrie Matchett.

title: The Bay of Love and Sorrows


text: Template:Pearl Jam

title: Template:Pearl Jam