text:
Talk:Falco F8L

Performance is good, with 230 knot top speed and 8g aerobatic capability. Construction is of wood with a metal skin.

"The aircraft is widely considered to be one of the best handling, strongest, and most aesthetically pleasing designs ever made available to home builders. The makers call it "the Ferrari of the air", and like the car, it is very expensive compared with most homebuild kits." This claim needs support/citations. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 195.241.90.148 (talk) 21:39, 6 October 2010 (UTC)

Sequoia 300 and Sequoia 301
and, which both currently redirect here have been nominated at RfD. It has been suggested that input from someone knowledgeable about the subject would be of significant benefit to the discussion. Comments are invited at Redirects for discussion/Log/2011 August 29 and Redirects for discussion/Log/2011 August 29. Thryduulf (talk) 11:53, 30 August 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Falco F8L


text:
Talk:Wrangell–St. Elias National Park and Preserve

Visitation
The infobox visitation differs from the visitation stats in the article itself. Nationalparks 07:34, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It was reflecting 2002 visitation, now corrected so the infobox and body of the text are the same.--MONGO 09:05, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

McCarthy Road
I moved the info on the McCarthy Road from here to the Edgerton Highway article and changed the MR redirect to point there; most of it was duplicated anyway (but what wasn't is there now) and since it isn't really a park road, but an extension of the Edgerton, I felt the info doesn't logically belong here. Zero Gravitas ( 話す •  投稿 ) 02:26, 19 February 2006 (UTC)

External Link?
my link, add if appropriate. AlaskaTrekker 18:44, 16 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Trek through the Wrangell Mountains

No Citations Box
I removed the box indicating no citations, as I added them. That said, if such a box continues to be necessary, I would suggest it be applied more appropriately to Wrangell–St. Elias Wilderness and Kennecott Mines. RangerRichard (talk) 03:54, 7 March 2012 (UTC)

Mt St Elias
I've deleted a comment that Mt St Elias "is the 2nd highest peak visible from sea-level in North America (Pico de Orizaba is first)". This is incorrect. Denali and Mt Logan are both higher than St Elias and Pico de Orizaba, and in good conditions they are visible from Anchorage, AK, and Yakutat Bay, respectively. Mkleroux 03:57, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Kerjäläisten valtakunta

Kerjäläisten valtakunta (The Kingdom of Beggars) is a 1985 album by the Finnish rock band Dingo. It is the fourth-best-selling album of all time in Finland.

title: Kerjäläisten valtakunta


text:
Talk:Angband (game)

Perhaps an in-dungeon screenshot could be used, or added to accompany the existing town screenshot. Currently, by only having a shot of the town level, a reader may get a false impression of what the game looks like. While the town in important, the game lies in the dungeons beneath. (Oct1 2005) Finally started an account, so: Dxco 20:12, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

Maintainer
Robert Rühlmann intends to | step down as maintainer and is looking for somebody to take the job.

title: Talk:Angband (game)


text:
Talk:Neferhotep I

Dr. Sowada contests evidence? Need Ryholt's 2ndary sources.
Here is contested testimony for Ryholt: 'curory evidence' and 'not labeled.' From Egypt in the Eastern Mediterranean During the Old Kingdom: An Archaeological ... By Karin Sowada — Preceding unsigned comment added by OWiseWun (talk • contribs) 06:55, 28 January 2013 (UTC)
 * I do not have the cited bibliography here, but I checked the article again. We only refer to Ryholt for the sources, and not for his opinions and discussions. So I do not really see the problem or point. bw -- Udimu (talk) 15:39, 28 January 2013 (UTC)

What are the names of his Children?
The article goes out of the say to say his Children's names are known, but doesn't list them, studying genealogical information is somethings the first thing I want to learn about a person when coming to Wikipedia.

So does anyone have this information?
 * Done two children are known for sure: Haankhef and Kemi (confusingly they bear the same names as Neferhotep's parents), a third child is likely to be Wahneferhotep. This is listed and explained in the article. Iry-Hor (talk) 14:30, 25 September 2014 (UTC)

Haankhef and Kemi
Why does it state that they are the parents of Neferhotep I? Somebody needs to proof read the second paragraph and make the appropriate changes, because apparently Haankhef was his only son and Kemi was his son's wife. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 1deano 1 (talk • contribs) 09:58, 13 October 2010 (UTC)
 * do not understand the problem. Haankhef and Kemi are the parents of Neferhotep I. But he also had two children, also called Haankhef and Kemi, evidently named after their grandparents. bw -- Udimu (talk) 21:22, 13 October 2010 (UTC)

That info may have been added to answer my question, for which I must say thank you.

Naming one's kids after their parents is a common procedure, I assumed before he only had Daughters since the Throne went to his Brother instead, however maybe Haankhef is the same as Sihator, the latter being a name given to him when made co regent or something like that.

Or, if my theory (Which I came to for completely different reasons) that Neferhotep is the Pharaoh of the Exodus is true, perhaps Haankhef is the 1st born son killed by the 10th plague. Kemi then also becomes likely I feel to be Bithiah, the traditional assumption that the Bithiah mentioned in Chronicles is Moses's Mother doesn't add up to me.
 * Or maybe your theory is completely wrong and conventional egyptology explains everything very well. Brother to brother succession occur frequently in the history of Ancient Egypt, see for example Djedefre -> Khafre, Sahure->Neferirkare Kakai etc. It is even known that this did not necessarily meant that the son of the pharaoh were dead or that he had no male heir since we have examples (e.g. Djedefre) where the son died after his father during the reign of his uncle. It is not clear under what circumstances this happened, it may have been a personal choice of the ruler. Iry-Hor (talk) 14:33, 25 September 2014 (UTC)
 * But then the article admits that as of 2014 they have not located the buried body of Neferhotep I; and his brother, not his son, succeeded him. The lack of a dead body could be, because he died in the Red Sea (Exodus 14:1-15:21); and his son may have died in the final plague - the death of the firstborn in the land of Egypt (Exodus 11:1-12:32). User:jack1513 23.124.197.192 (talk) 21:15, 14 February 2015 (UTC)
 * The article "admits" that Neferhotep's body has not been found yet; just like the bodies of more than a roughly-estimated 95% of all pharaohs. This, combined with the aforementioned fact that a fraternal succession among pharaohs was far from rare, and that many royal children are likely still unknown, should be enough to invalidate your theory. Even assuming that the Exodus actually occurred, we would have a huge amount of potential Pharaohs of the Exodus fullfilling your requisites, and Neferhotep no being more suitable than many others. Khruner (talk) 21:44, 17 March 2016 (UTC)

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Sobekhotep's father
"Beyond Haankhef, the only other exception to this rule is the father of Sobekhotep II." -- Can't find the father of Sobekhotep II in his article. Maybe another Sobekhotep was meant? I checked the article of Mentuhotep (god's father), the father of Sobekhotep III, but his article doesn't mention him being mentioned in the Turin canon. I know there is disagreement about the numbering of Sobekhoteps... Does anyone know whose father is mentioned in the TC? – Alensha   talk  09:23, 27 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Just checked Gardiner. The only other king whose father is mentioned is the one in column 6, row 15 "[...]re Sobek[...]p, son of Nen?" who seems to be tentatively identified with Khaankhre Sobekhotep. Lone-078 (talk) 21:39, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Error - Kyan is Associated with Ka-ankh-ra Sobekhotep
The source given for the claim that Kyan's seals were found with Ka-nefer-re's possessions actually says Kyan's seals were found on jars belonging to Ka-ankh-ra, not Ka-nefer-re. Please correct the error. Cadwallader (talk) 21:56, 17 September 2021 (UTC)

Several months after pointing it out, this error has not yet been corrected. I will correct it myself. Cadwallader (talk)
 * this is not correct. Seals of Khyan were found together with those of king Kha-nefer-re Sobekhotep (brother of Neferhotep I). Anyway, you need to provide a proper referənce for that claim.Udimu (talk) 05:55, 12 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Neferhotep I


text:
Talk:Peacock Throne

Untitled
The picture used earlier was a modern painting, it was not based on a contemporary miniature. The peacock throne was much bigger as can be seen in contemporary paintings.

--Malaiya 17:18, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

Merge Takht e Taus into Peacock Throne
Mostly duplicated info. Takht e Taus is the more complete page, but in English, Peacock Throne is the better-known term. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Nemonoman (talk • contribs) 02:21, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

Do not Merge Takht e Taus into Peacock Throne
Takht e Taus is not a “more complete page.” It is a work of fiction authored by someone with a nationalist agenda and it contradicts all documented evidence on the legitimate Peacock Throne. Please look up “Peacock Throne” in any legitimate encyclopedia such as Britannica. Anyone claiming that a Turkish throne in Istanbul is the actual Peacock Throne is either a liar or sorely misinformed. The original Peacock Throne was destroyed in 1747, the only thrones to have used that name since are in Persia (Iran) where the Persian term, Takht-e Tavous, also refers to the institution of the Persian monarchy as well as the actual throne. Houshyar

Takht e Taus is the term used in India for Shah Jehan's throne. It has nothing to do with Iran, although it was taken away by an Iranian. The Iranian peacock throne just a small chair-like throen which does not have any of the magnificience of the Indian throne.

The Peacock Throne page should be for the Iranian throne, which has nothing to do with the Indian throne.

--Bharatshah 23:06, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

I'm confused and uncomfortable by this...
This comment throws me! The Peacock Throne page should be for the Iranian throne, which has nothing to do with the Indian throne.--Bharatshah 23:06, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

When I suggested a merge, these two articles were nearly identical.

Now the Peacock Throne article has been changed.

It calls the throne Takht-e-Tavous, which looks a lot like the name of the OTHER article Takht e Taus. Why is the Persian Language-titled article supposedly about India, and the English Version supposedly about Persia?

If the picture is of the Mughal peacock throne, what is it doing on this page, which is now supposedly dedicated only to the Persian history?

How exactly did Nader Shah get the throne as tribute from the Mughal emperor Babur? In 1738, he'd been dead for 208 years?

'''I suggest we have one page that describes: The Peacock Throne created for Shah Jahan, and finally taken by Nadir Shah Other examples of "Peacock Thrones". The diffusion of the term "Peacock Throne" to refer to Persian Monarchy, and its eventual application the rule of Iranian Shahs.'''

This should not be something to make a big fuss over. --Nemonoman 00:46, 28 February 2006 (UTC) bad bad — Preceding unsigned comment added by 122.161.151.21 (talk) 15:56, 1 November 2012 (UTC)

Which version is in the photo?
Which version of the throne is in the photo? The 1836 throne? --24.21.148.155 (talk) 04:26, 7 January 2009 (UTC)

Rhetorical WHAT?
Who the heck threw in that nonsense about the rhetorical use of the phrase "Peacock Throne"? While it's all factual, it's somewhat irrelevant, and even if it WERE relevant, it applies to almost ALL uses of both "throne" and "crown." As such, if it belongs anywhere, it belongs in those sections, NOT in this specific subset of a greater whole. 61.170.234.152 (talk) 18:37, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

This section on rhetoric certainly doesn't belong here. It is very erudite but in the wrong place. Ducky59 (talk) 14:53, 18 November 2012 (UTC)

I am moving the conflicted content here till a better way to incorporate the information can be found. It was very much out of place.--Labattblueboy (talk) 20:10, 28 May 2013 (UTC)

Rhetorical usage
The Peacock Throne is a flexible English term. It is also a rhetorical trope. Depending on context, the Peacock Throne can be construed as a metonymy, which is a rhetorical device for an allusion relying on proximity or correspondence, as for example referring to actions of the Mughal ruler or the shah or as "actions of the throne." The throne is also understood as a synecdoche, which is related to metonymy and metaphor in suggesting a play on words by identifying a closely related conceptualization, e.g.,

 * referring to a part with the name of the whole, such as "the throne" for the mystic process of transferring monarchic authority, e.g.,
 * "The bitter example of their own family history would sooner or later have driven Dara and Shuja and Aurangzeb and Murad to contend for the Peacock Throne with desperate fury."

 * referring to the whole with the name of a part, such as "the throne" for the serial symbols and ceremonies of enthronement.

 * referring to the general with the specific, such as "the throne" for kingship.

 * referring to the specific with the general, such as "the throne" for the truncated reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi or equally as well for the ambit of the Mughal or Persian monarchy.

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Takht-i Tāvūs
The name in Persian is, Takht-i Tāvūs. If anyone has any Hindustani name feel free to add it as well. Gryffindor (talk) 23:43, 5 May 2019 (UTC)

 * Where is this sourced in article, and how does adding such scripts not violate WP:INDICSCRIPTS? Dhtwiki (talk) 18:07, 6 May 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Peacock Throne


text:
Harvey Corson

Harvey J. Corson, Ed.D., was the executive director for the American School for the Deaf in West Hartford, Connecticut. He announced his retirement in 2006, ending his term as executive director, a post he held at the American School for the Deaf since 2001.

Corson graduated from Gallaudet University in 1964.

During the Deaf President Now (DPN) protests in March 1988, he was one of the two deaf candidates (along with I. King Jordan) vying to become the next (and the first deaf) president of Gallaudet University (in Washington, D.C.).

title: Harvey Corson


text: User talk:67.162.48.107

title: User talk:67.162.48.107


text:
Talk:Herbert H. Lehman

Untitled
The statement about Herbert H. Lehman being a founder of Lehman Bros. in 1908 cannot possibly be true since Lehman Bros was founded in 1850 - long before Herbert Lehman was born (in Montgomery, Alabama).

supra: The sentence correctly refers to his father Mayer as one of the founders.207.237.227.72 14:49, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

image is pixelated
Anyway to tweak the image size in the infobox? Its being pixelated. Thanks. DavidRF (talk) 18:19, 15 September 2008 (UTC)

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WP: Libel
• The Baby Thief: The Untold Story of Georgia Tann, the Baby Seller Who Corrupted Adoption does not cite a reliable source for its claim that Herbert H. Lehman adopted through the Tennessee Children's Home Society. Specifically, the book cites an obscure unsourced article from decades after Lehman's death - an article that gets Lehman's name wrong, for that matter:

 * By the mid-Forties the Memphis branch of the TCHS [Tennessee Children’s Home Society] was one of the best-known child placement agencies in America.  Prominent individuals such as New York Senator Herbert Lehmann [sic] and film stars like June Allyson and Joan Crawford adopted children through the TCHS.
 * Neill, Kenneth. “Adoption for Profit: Conspiracy and Cover-up [Part I].” Memphis Magazine 3(7). October 1978. 39.

• The Knoxfocus link is not a reliable source. The linked page specifically states "The opinions expressed by Focus columnists and those providing comments are theirs alone, and may not reflect the opinions of The Knoxville Focus or any employee thereof."

• http://nyadoptionequality.com is not a reliable source.

To claim, without evidence, that the Lehmans adopted children through a black market adoption operation is libelous. Per WP:LIBEL, it is being removed.

The libelous conspiracy theory gets basic facts wrong. For example, the version laid out in the article claimed “Lehman signed a law sealing birth certificates from New York adoptees in 1935.” In fact, the law was from 1936, and did not seal them from adoptees but rather from the entire public:

 * “New York, which may have been the first or one of the first states to close original birth records to adult adoptees, as well as to other parties and the public […] sealed original birth records in 1936. […] The birth records law specified that when a new birth record has been made, ‘[t]he commissioner of health shall place the original birth record and the proof, notification and papers pertaining to the new birth record under seal. Seals shall not be broken except by order of a court ….' 1936 N.Y. Laws 854.
 * Samuels, Elizabeth. “The Idea of Adoption: An Inquiry Into the History of Adult Adoptee Access to Birth Records.” 53 Rutgers L. Rev. 367 (Winter 2001), at n. 8.

Professional genealogist Jarrett Ross ( https://www.apgen.org/directory/search_detail.html?mbr_id=8459 ) rather thoroughly addressed this conspiracy theory in a vlog, though as a YouTube video it may or may not meet WP standards as a source:

 * Ross, Jarrett. “Why New York Barred Adoptees From Their Birth Certificates for 80 Years (VLOG #42).” YouTube, uploaded by GeneaVlogger, 19 January 2020, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KdqDIsmco0Y

2604:6000:E7C4:6C00:89D6:BE56:C0E1:1BD8 (talk) 01:03, 29 February 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Herbert H. Lehman


text:
Omid Memarian

Omid Memarian (born c. 1974) is an Iranian journalist and blogger. He was a visiting scholar at UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism in 2005–2006 and was a Rotary Peace Fellow at the Journalism School in 2007–2009, where he received his master's degree. In 2013 he edited Sketches of Iran: A Glimpse from the Front Lines of Human Rights. Since 2007, Memarian has taught training courses for journalists at the International Center for Journalists (ICFJ) and the Institute for War and Peace Reporting (IWPR) among other media organizations.

Early life
Memarian was awarded the Golden pen at the National Press Festival in Iran in 2001. He has been blogging since 2002, in English and Persian, and has written for Iranian daily newspapers such as Hayat-e No (New Life), Yas-e-no (New Jasmin), Vaqaye-e Ettefaqiyeh (Occurring Events) and Sharq (or Shargh = meaning East). He is well known for his regular news analysis columns and blogs in English and Persian. Memarian was the editor of Volunteer Actors Quarterly, which dealt with civil society issues.

In 2004, Memarian attempted to attend a conference on Iranian civil society in New York. He had obtained a US visa, but en route to Frankfurt, US authorities refused to allow him to board his flight, saying he was on a No Fly List. They provided no other information. He was arrested a few days after his return to Tehran.

Arrest and detention
On 10 October 2004, Memarian was arrested on the orders of the Tehran Prosecutor's Office's Ninth Chamber. He was detained for posting articles on several reformist newspapers, his blogs, and online publications and was charged with spreading a "dark picture of the country and stoking women's issues." Five days later the authorities also searched Memarian's home and confiscated his notes and computer. He was detained until mid-December 2004. According to Human Rights Watch, Memarian and other journalists who had been detained were subjected to torture and solitary confinement, but before their release, they were coerced into signing a confession letter which stated that they had been detained under good conditions. Memarian has described his imprisonment and the interrogator's process of extracting a confession from him in interviews with National Public Radio.

Current work and awards
Memarian works as a freelance writer for the IPS (Inter Press Service) news agency Rooz Online, and BBC Persian. He has had op-ed pieces published in New York Times, San Francisco Chronicle, Los Angeles Times, Time.com, Slate, Newsweek, Wall Street Journal, Opendemocracy.net, and Contra Costa Times.

In 2004 he received the Golden Pen Award from Iran's Press Festival. In 2005, he received the Human Rights Defender Award, Human Rights Watch's highest honor, for his courageous work as a journalist and human rights activist.

title: Omid Memarian


text: User talk:69.149.33.27

title: User talk:69.149.33.27


text:
Adelaide Parklands Terminal

Adelaide Parklands Terminal, formerly known as Keswick Terminal, is the interstate passenger railway station in Adelaide, South Australia. It is the only station in the world where passengers can board trains on both north–south and east–west transcontinental routes.

The terminal is north of the suburb of Keswick, 3 km by road south-west of the city centre, and adjoins the south-western sector of the West Parklands. It was within the boundary of Keswick until 1987 when, inclusive of adjacent business sites and covering a total area of 56.6 ha, Keswick Terminal was declared a suburb in its own right.

History
The terminal opened on 18 May 1984 as Keswick Terminal (and located near, but not connected to, the now demolished Keswick station). It was developed by Australian National (AN) as a dedicated long-haul passenger rail station, allowing AN to vacate the then State Transport Authority's Adelaide railway station. It was included in the sale of Australian National's passenger operations to Great Southern Rail in 1997.

In June 2008, the station was renamed Adelaide Parklands Terminal following Stage One of a plan to "improve guest comfort and amenity, traffic and passenger movement, food and retail facilities, image, identity, presentation and sustainability".

Services
The terminal was built by Australian National as a dual gauge station for The Ghan, Indian Pacific and Trans-Australian to the north and The Overland to the south-east – the latter train being on broad-gauge tracks at the time, before conversion to  in 1995. It was also served by regional South Australian trains – also operated by Australian National – until all passenger trains outside of Greater Adelaide had ceased operation by 1990.

Since 1991, the only trains regularly operating out of the terminal have been The Ghan, Indian Pacific and The Overland; The Southern Spirit ran seasonally between 2010 and 2012, and the Great Southern commenced seasonal services in 2020. Today, these trains are operated by Journey Beyond.

Visiting passenger trains from interstate also visit the terminal, albeit rarely.

Local transport
Although three suburban rail lines run parallel to the terminal, the nearest suburban railway station is 700 m to the south. The nearest bus stop is 450 m away, also to the south.

title: Adelaide Parklands Terminal


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Converted

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was REDIRECT to conversion. — J I P | Talk 05:12, 12 October 2005 (UTC)

converted
Dictionary definition DannyWilde 07:39, 2 October 2005 (UTC) Delete. Dictionary definition. May have been a mistaken edit. --DannyWilde 07:39, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * As per our naming conventions (verbs) redirect to conversion. Uncle G 11:59, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Why? What's wrong with it? (Oct.) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.24.93.219 (talk • contribs) 2005-10-02 22:02:06 UTC
 * It's a mis-placed dictionary article. Wikipedia is not a dictionary.  It is an encyclopaedia.  You are encouraged to contribute your dictionary articles in the dictionary, which is over there. Uncle G 22:36, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or dicdef. Gtabary 23:09, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to conversion, per Uncle G. Stbalbach 01:11, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to conversion, per Uncle G. PMLF 03:27, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Newick

Newick is a village, civil parish and electoral ward in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England. It is located on the A272 road 6 mi east of Haywards Heath.

The parish church, St. Mary's, dates mainly from the Victorian era, but still has a Norman window. Zion Chapel, a Strict Baptist chapel, was built in 1834 and converted to flats in 2001. Newick Evangelical Free Church, originally a mission hall, opened in 1892.

The village is home to three pubs (The Crown Inn, The Royal Oak, and The Bull Inn), one restaurant (Newick Tandoori), a butcher, a baker, a pharmacy, as well as a number of other businesses. There is also a primary school, a health centre, a village hall known originally as the 'Derek Hall', and a post office.

Like many other places in Sussex, Newick holds an annual Bonfire Night celebration on the Saturday before Lewes Bonfire Night. Many of the local bonfire societies join the procession.

History
Newick was a dispersed settlement until the Second World War, when many more houses were built around Newick Green. Its medieval church still stands in isolation to the south. Its stone is likely to have been quarried from the sand rock down near Founthill. Parts of the nave are 11th century, the chancel is 13th century, the porch is 14th century, and the tower is 15th century. The churchyard has largely been left and a lot of archaic vegetation still exists including green winged orchid, ox-eye daisy, cuckoo flower and meadow fungi.

There is a Newick Amateur Dramatic Society (NADS), with a youth sub-society: Newick Youth Theatre (Formerly known as the NADYS)

Newick has a King George's Field in memorial to King George V.

Notable buildings and areas
The Newick parish sits to the east of the River Ouse. To the north and east is Fletching, to the south is Barcombe and to its west is Chailey.

In the 16th century much of Newick was common land and animals were grazed by locals. The commons were part of the giant Chailey Commons complex. Newick retained its western commons until the middle of the 17th century, when Roeheath and Cinder Commons were almost all enclosed, however Little Roeheath (more a green than a common) still survives.

The land around Newick consists of acidic Hastings Beds, and have much hard sandstone, including sandy exposures at Founthill, south of Newick. The land is very fertile and big Wealden farms, such as the Newick and Sutton Hall Estate, have large arable fields in the area and much of the woodland and hedgerows are now gone. There are still woods around Newick, but they are not as big the Wealden Clay woods in the neighbouring parishes. The area in the south of the parish has several chalybeate springs. Along the north side verge of the A272, west of Goldbridge, is famous for its purple-red betony display in July. Fifty herb species were counted here in one short visit in 2014. In 2021 this verge was very derelict and in danger of losing all its botanical display. The area in the south of the parish has several chalybeate springs.

Farms
Founthill Farmhouse is Tudor, with unusually elaborate timber framing. The 'fount' bit of the name means well, or spring.

To the west of Founthill, along the valley, is Beechlands. There is a line of huge sweet chestnut pollards there, some alive and others dead, and there is a quarried sandstone outcrop, now made into ponds and rock garden, with wild daffodils on the slope to the east. The owners of Beechlands donated Mill Wood, a half ancient and half secondary wood, to the Woodland Trust. Tilehouse Farm has a pre-war railway carriage that you pass on the footpath.

Fletching Common
Fletching Common is outside the parish of Fletching itself. The area is now only a common in name and is no longer common land, although there are fragments of old common waste along Redgill Lane. It is still attractive even though it has lost the majority of its archaic vegetation.

Newick Park
Newick Park is at the south of the parish. The house sits at the head of a wooded gill tangled with rhododendrons, which descends to the Longford Stream. It was built in 1560 for iron master, but was extended greatly in the 18th century. It was once the home of William Joynson-Hicks, 1st Viscount Brentford. The Grade II* listed building was a country hotel, but is now a private house. There are wild daffodils on the grassy slope under the house, several old sweet chestnut trees, including a five span giant and a good many oak by the Drive. The old walled garden has fine rhubarb beds (2014). West of the Park as far as Ridgeland Lane is wet alder carr ( with much golden saxifrage and marsh marigold (kingcups). Ash is abundant in the swamp.

To the south of the Longford Stream is bosky with bracken, old holly brakes and oldish beeches. The stream runs into Lower Park Pond. It is here that the name of the stream turns into the Lambourn Gill. The pond itself has lost much of its wild, archaic vegetation.

Woodland
Some of the woods in the Newick parish are heathy due to the sandstone ground and considerably different than the nearby woods on clay soils. Rotherfield and Little Rotherfield Woods, just south of Sheffield Park Station, have heathy bilberry and cow wheat, devil's bit, tormentil and big wood ant nests. Little Rotherfield Wood has much oak coppice over a bare woodland boor. Rotherfield Wood was heavily coniferised by the Forestry Commission, but its heathy character was not eliminated, and large areas of bilberry survive along the east–west ride, with rowan and hard fern.

Where it is more hilly to the south east there are several good, ancient woods. Although they are on steep slopes, the Ardingly Sandstone offers resistance to erosion. For examaple, Broomlye Wood is hornbeam coppice, with lots of old wooded pits (2012).

Streams
To the east of the parish is the River Ouse and to the south of the parish is the Longford Stream. Before the early 19th century, winter and rainy weather would cut this parish off from neighbouring parishes.

The river is a good place to see kingfishers, leaping trout, banded and beautiful demoiselles and the banks are colourful with great yellowcress, hemp agrimony and unfortunately invasive himalayan balsam. Yellowhammers enjoy the bushy stream sides, while pied wagtails like the gravels and clay banks, and grey wagtails can be seen in the weirs and pond bays.

The streams and brooks running into the river are often wooded with sheets of bluebells, sometimes with wild garlic, and sometimes with swamp alders. There are also brook meadows which is covered in anemones in early spring and much pignut and spring sedge, such as on the north bank between Cockfield Bridge and Cockfield House  (2015).

Rail transport
The village was formerly served by Newick and Chailey railway station on the East Grinstead to Lewes line, part of which remains as the Bluebell Railway. The line was closed by the Branch Line Committee long before British Rail's Beeching Report. The next station north was Sheffield Park and the next station south was Barcombe. Sheffield Park is still used by the Bluebell Railway.

Twin towns

 * 🇫🇷 Itteville, France

title: Newick


text:
Talk:The Larry Sanders Show

I think this needs to be broken up into discrete sections and organized; as is, it seems more of a mish-mash. Also, a few areas (I'm thinking specifically of the Shandlin/Sanders comparisons) feel very Original Research. 40.0.40.10 08:49, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

The Show was the most obvious British copy
The section on its influence on British TV shows needs to include The Show (1997) since that one was an obvious copy;

"Each episode effectively containing edited segments of The Bob Mills Show which took the form of a conventional chat show, with Mills interviewing celebrity guests and one or two musical performances. This was interspersed with real 'behind the scenes' footage of the production team and guests, which typically showed the processes involved in getting the show to air, such as researchers booking guests, and briefing the host on the questions to ask during the show. The backstage footage focused on controversy and drama, including several arguments and creative disputes within the team, guests who dropped out, or who were dropped, and the problems of finding last-minute replacements - none of which was alluded to during the actual chat show segments, which were always impeccably produced and presented."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Show_(British_TV_series) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.16.72.221 (talk) 18:43, 20 January 2024 (UTC)

Problem on Season 4 Summary
The episode "Hank's Sex Tape" did not involve his sex tape being "leaked to the internet." There were no internet sex tapes in 1995. That episode involved Phil giving the tape to a friend, that friend distributing copies, and then Artie and Phil trying to track them down. I made a correction. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.170.82.213 (talk) 05:56, 14 February 2010 (UTC)

Commonwealth Bias?
Although I've corrected a few terms and other usages that are correct in Commonwealth English and not American English, there still seems to be a problem with non-U.S. bias in this article. (For instance, we Yanks *never* refer to it as "free-to-air" television; we always call it "broadcast" or "network TV," but I've already corrected this in the article.)

What stations/channels is "Larry Sanders" being rebroadcast on in the U.S.? And for that matter, what is happening with the DVD release of the show? I remember from 2004 on "The Tonight Show"'s fifitieth anniversary show, on which Garry Shandling was a guest, that he and Jay Leno mentioned that the whole series would soon be available on DVD--what's become of this?

 * Does spelling matter? If it refers to non-US broadcasting, it could use the local terminology, no? MerriFunn (talk) 16:06, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

I'm not saying the bias should be re-centered (or re-centred) on the U.S., just that the article should conform to Wikipedia's style requirements. Telestylo 07:40, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Too Review-y
This article reads like a very personal essay or column about the show rather than a summarizing encyclopedia article. One section, which I'm nixing, went like this:

''An essential part of Shandling's comic approach is demonstrated in both shows: the absolute commitment to pursue your comedic goal regardless of how petty, childish, selfish-indulgent, or just plain stupid it may even make you, as an actor, seem. The series Seinfeld took pains to make its characters seem sympathetic no matter how low they would sink, but Shandling's ability to sacrifice himself so pitilessly is only equalled by Seinfeld c-creator Larry David on his series, Curb Your Enthusiasm.''

Indeed, on The Larry Sanders Show'' sometimes it's hard to tell if Shandling is spoofing talk show hosts or spoofing himself spoofing talk show hosts, which makes it all the more engrossing. (The probable answer is that he's doing both at the same time.) Even the name encourages this ambiguity; obviously Larry is a version of Garry, but just to drive the point home and, in essence, make it very clear just how unclear the distinction between Shandling, the actor, and Sanders, the comic who himself 'plays' the role of a talk show host, is intended to be, consider the incredible similarity of those two names, Shandling and Sanders. They are in a sense just versions of each other--a detail surely intended by Shandling. ''

Thats just not encyclopedia stuff. That's fuel for a web blog or freelance television writing. --relaxathon 04:40, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

Sarah Silverman among the cast and crew stars?
Why is Sarah Silverman listed under "Cast and characters"? She was in three episodes. It doesn't seem right. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Gloryroad (talk • contribs) 04:27, 11 February 2007 (UTC).
 * Agreed, removed.TwoTwoHello (talk) 12:49, 3 February 2013 (UTC)

Building List of Episodes and Episode Guide
I've managed to obtain a complete collection of episodes, and I plan to work on a complete list of episodes and page for each episode as my schedule allows. I've not done this before so I'm going to borrow templates from other parts of the site. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Annifridfour (talk • contribs) 07:29, 15 February 2007 (UTC).

Character Profiles
This show is very character driven... should we included some brief character profiles? I'd do it, but my wife is suing me for about fourteen diferent things right now. Also, my son just got arrested in Texas for beating his children. My wife is such a fucking bitch. She looked at our internet histroy and found BigHooters.Com in there and yelled at me and called me a pervert. But anways, knowing character traits, like the fact that Hank is a suck up, or whatnot, would be helpful. <<< retard

Removing trivia section
As directed in Avoid_trivia_sections, trivia sections should be avoided. As this one contains only a single obscure uncited fact, I'm moving it to here in case someone wants to cite it or move it to a natural place within the prose.

Trivia

 * In the British Channel 4 clip show The Ultimate Sitcom, it was implied that the group of mainly British comedians and comedy writers contributing to the clip show considered The Larry Sanders Show the 5th best sitcom ever, putting it ahead of other sitcoms such as The Office, Curb Your Enthusiasm and Cheers.

Straussian 13:04, 16 August 2007 (UTC)

Influence
There should be a section on the influence of the show. 62.64.202.49 (talk) 12:50, 16 October 2008 (UTC)

Appalling quality
The standard of writing throughout this article is shocking and way below the normal standard of Wikipedia. There are spelling, grammar and syntax errors everywhere, and it barely reads like English. I am not familiar enough with the show to do a proper edit without potentially affecting the content here, but it wouldn't hurt to chuck everything out and start afresh. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.215.57.11 (talk) 15:30, 5 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Oh, goodie. It isn't just me.  I suspect anyone else who's come across it has the same problem I do; not only is it sloppy, but the tone is so non-encyclopedic that a complete rewrite is necessary... and we don't know it well enough to do it.  Certainly there's *some* Wikipedian who's good on that front, who also knows the show well enough...? --Baylink@en.w  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.34.94.81 (talk) 15:23, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

Catchphrases -

"Through it's six year run, the show had two catchphrases used in it's intire run, the most natable being Hey Now, a phrase Hank repeats in the opening credits of the fictional talk show, The Larry Sanders Show and when he grets someone. In one episode Hank says he inveted the word when he accidently said it to someone and liked it and decided to use it on the show. In 2007, TV Land ranked "Hey Now" as the 87th Best Television catch phrase. No Flipping, is a phrase Larry uses to go on commercial breaks that means not to get exited of what happend next during the show. The phrase is very popular in talk show and is sometimes used in various of talk shows. In the series finale, Flip the final sentance Larry said on the show was, "You May Flip Now", which is a referances to the catchphrase."

"Through" should read "Throughout". The following "words" are inexcusable mispellings: intire, natable, grets, inveted, accidently, exited, happend, sentance, referances. The catchphrases should be in quotes. This entire section is poorly written and should be deleted.

PCB 08/06/09 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.171.162.59 (talk) 05:51, 6 August 2009 (UTC)

Multi-Camera Setup
The Larry Sanders Show was shot with a multi-camera setup, not single-camera. Given the look and feel of the show it's an understandable mistake, and it's often erroneously referenced online as a single-camera show. However, it's mentioned on the DVDs that the show was actually multi-camera, and in 1997 and '98 it was nominated for outstanding MULTI-CAMERA editing Emmy awards. I've changed the article's tag from single to multi-camera, and provided a link to the show's IMDB "awards" page as a citation. VarlosZ (talk) 16:41, 11 January 2011 (UTC)

Wrong Cable Station Listed
HBO did not host the Larry Sanders Show. Showtime did. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.49.186.49 (talk) 02:35, 1 July 2011 (UTC)

 * wait... what?? '''≈ Sensorsweep (talk) 12:30, 21 April 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Larry Sanders Show


text:
User:Hansonrstolaf

I am a chemistry professor at St. Olaf College, in Northfield, Minnesota, and the principal developer of Jmol/JSmol. I do not regularly log in, so the best way to communicate with me is at mailto:hansonr@stolaf.edu

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/hansonr

/Sandbox

/Sandbox/Danishefsky

/Sandbox/Holton

/Sandbox/Nicolaou

title: User:Hansonrstolaf


text:
Neugebauer

Neugebauer is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Academics

 * Gerry Neugebauer, American astronomer
 * Hans E J Neugebauer, German-American imaging scientist
 * Marcia Neugebauer, American geophysicist
 * Otto E. Neugebauer, Austrian-American mathematician and historian of science
 * Rainer O. Neugebauer, German educationalist, historian and social scientist
 * Reimund Neugebauer, German mechanical engineer and professor

Artists

 * Ursula Neugebauer, German artist
 * Walter Neugebauer, Croatian comic book artist

Performers

 * Alfred Neugebauer, Austrian film actor
 * Hartmut Neugebauer, German actor, voice actor and dialogue director
 * Veronika Neugebauer, German actress and voice actress

Politicians

 * Fritz Neugebauer, Second President of the National Council of Austria
 * Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer, minister in the interwar Polish government
 * Randy Neugebauer, U.S. congressman

Sportspeople

 * Jari Neugebauer, German ice hockey player
 * Karin Neugebauer, German freestyle swimmer
 * Leo Neugebauer, German decathlete
 * Tomasz Neugebauer, Polish footballer

Others

 * Lila Neugebauer, American theatre director
 * Rudolf Neugebauer, German SS Hauptsturmführer during the Nazi era
 * Toby Neugebauer, American businessman

 * Other uses
 * , a Brazilian chocolate manufacturing company

title: Neugebauer


text: Talk:Demographics of Sierra Leone

title: Talk:Demographics of Sierra Leone


text:
J. Robbins

James Robbins, better known as J. Robbins, is an American rock musician.

Career
Robbins began his career as a bassist for Government Issue, and has also led five of his own bands: Jawbox, Rollkicker Laydown, Burning Airlines, Channels, and Office of Future Plans. He was a touring bassist for Scream and played bass on the debut 7" from Jack Potential, which was issued by DeSoto Records in 1993. More recently he played bass in Report Suspicious Activity with Vic Bondi, which released two albums on Alternative Tentacles Records.

In 2011, Robbins, along with Kerosene 454's drummer and fellow Channels bandmate Darren Zentek, bassist Brooks Harlan, and guitarist/cellist Gordon Withers, released an EP under the name Office of Future Plans. The band, who had been playing since 2009 and released an album on Dischord Records in November 2011, but as of October 2016, they are not together anymore. In May 31, 2019, J. Robbins released his first solo album, Un-Becoming.

Producer
Robbins is also a successful producer and engineer for bands such as Ponytail, Clutch (and side project The Bakerton Group), Jets to Brazil, Hey Mercedes, Shiner, Mock Orange, Bacchae (band),The Pauses, The Life and Times, Miranda Sound, Time Spent Driving, Faraquet, The Dismemberment Plan, The Monorchid, The Promise Ring, Dwindle, Pilot to Gunner, Paint It Black, None More Black, Jawbreaker, Discount, Against Me!, Goodbye Soundscape, Modern Life is War, Stapleton, Murder By Death, mewithoutYou, Black Cross (hardcore), Lemuria, Caustic Casanova, The Sword, Debate (from Sao Paulo, Brazil), Coliseum, Hammer No More the Fingers, Small Brown Bike, Broadcaster, Noyo Mathis and Nakatomi Plaza.

Personal life
In 2007, Robbins's son Callum was diagnosed with spinal muscular atrophy, an incurable nerve disorder. A number of benefit shows for Callum Robbins have been organized and played in cities such as Chicago, Washington DC, Minneapolis, and New York.

title: J. Robbins


text: User talk:71.98.99.141

title: User talk:71.98.99.141


text: User talk:Sonicreducer94x

title: User talk:Sonicreducer94x


text:
User talk:Professorstampede

Haplogroups
You might want to look at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Human Genetic History. Dougweller (talk) 15:38, 4 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Thanks. As it relates to the I2 page, let's follow the conventions agreed to there and on List of haplogroups of notable people. I think Eddie Izzard has a good enough source to stay either way, but just about all others are questionable as using DNA Projects as sources seems to be lacking a favorable consensus. But leaving only Izzard on the I2 page will look funny. So if the consensus continues the way it seems to be going, how about we: (1) Remove all famous people from the I2 page. (2) Remove Clinton and Crockett from the List of haplogroups of notable people page. (3) Add Izzard to the List of haplogroups of notable people page, under the "Figures from popular culture" section. Sound good? Professorstampede (talk) 01:44, 6 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Yes, sounds good to me. Thanks. Dougweller (talk) 12:27, 6 July 2013 (UTC)

Libertarian Convention Results
As a consistent contributor to political topics I am curious as to your thoughts on including the Libertarian Convention results by state for Template:Libertarian Party presidential primaries, 2016 and re-ordering the candidates based on these results. Being that the delegate votes at the convention ultimately decide the winner of the Libertarian primary I believe they should be the results displayed in the template (or at least alongside the votes from the previous state primary ballots which give the official popular vote). I have begun a discussion on the template talk page and would like to have a few users involved in the discussion to come to a good consensus instead of a consensus based on the opinions of only two users (myself being one of them). Appreciate any feedback and if you respond here please give me a ping. Acidskater (talk) 02:08, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

title: User talk:Professorstampede


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/Hot/C8/Comp

Compac-Compag

 * 1) Compact Flash
 * 2) COMPACT II
 * 3) Compact tape
 * 4) Compactata
 * 5) CompactFlash Association
 * 6) Compacton
 * 7) Compagnia Degli Accesi
 * 8) Compagnia Degli Uniti
 * 9) Compagnia Dei Desiosi
 * 10) Compagnia Dei Fedeli
 * 11) Compagnia Dei Gelosi
 * 12) Compagnie Commerciale de Colonization au Congo Français
 * 13) Compagnie de Saint-Gobain-Pont-A-Mousson
 * 14) Compagnie des Chemins de Fer du Congo Supérieur
 * 15) Compagnie Française d'Afrique Occidentale
 * 16) Compagnie Française du Congo
 * 17) Compagnie Française du Haut-Congo
 * 18) Compagnie Propriétaire du Kouilou-Niari

Compan-Compas

 * 1) Compandor
 * 2) Compania Guipuzcoana
 * 3) Companions of the Prophet
 * 4) Company of Senegal and the West African Coast
 * 5) Company of the Sultanates of Upper Oubangui
 * 6) Company School
 * 7) Company union
 * 8) Comparable Worth
 * 9) Comparative Ethics
 * 10) Compare
 * 11) Compass connector

Compe-Compl

 * 1) Competence and Jurisdiction
 * 2) Competition (biology)
 * 3) Competition (economics)
 * 4) Competitive access provider
 * 5) Compiler language
 * 6) Complement-fixation test
 * 7) Complementarity principle
 * 8) Complex Correlator
 * 9) Complex data type
 * 10) Complex Gain
 * 11) Complex Impedance
 * 12) Complex Ion Stability
 * 13) Complex ion
 * 14) Complex numbers and complex variables
 * 15) Complex variable analysis
 * 16) Compliance

Compo

 * 1) Component digital
 * 2) Component software
 * 3) Comport
 * 4) Composita - extinct brachiopods (genus?)
 * 5) Composite beam
 * 6) Composite black
 * 7) Composite digital
 * 8) Composite laminates
 * 9) Composite Order
 * 10) Composite primary key
 * 11) Composition (ancient and medieval law)
 * 12) Composition (art)
 * 13) Composition board
 * 14) Compound Pier
 * 15) Compound-Nucleus Model

Compr-Compt

 * 1) Comprehensive Employment and Training Act
 * 2) Compress
 * 3) Compressed air
 * 4) Compressible Fluid
 * 5) Compression program
 * 6) Compression utility
 * 7) Compressional Wave
 * 8) Compressive Strength Test
 * 9) Compromise of Breda
 * 10) Compsurf
 * 11) Compton Radius
 * 12) Compton Shift
 * 13) Compton Tube
 * 14) Comptonia asplenifolia

Compur-Compus

 * 1) Compurgation
 * 2) COMPUSEC
 * 3) Compuserve.com

Computa

 * 1) Computational

Compute

 * 1) Compute bound
 * 2) Compute

Computer a-Computer o

 * 1) Computer automatic virtual environment
 * 2) Computer books
 * 3) Computer cartoons
 * 4) Computer center
 * 5) Computer cracker
 * 6) Computer designer
 * 7) Computer Emergency Response Team
 * 8) Computer exchange
 * 9) Computer fluency
 * 10) Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986
 * 11) Computer Glossary
 * 12) Computer Incident Advisory Capability
 * 13) Computer language Ada
 * 14) Computer language ALGOL
 * 15) Computer language C
 * 16) Computer lexicographer
 * 17) Computer monitoring
 * 18) Computer Museum
 * 19) Computer on a chip
 * 20) Computer operator

Computer p-Computer t

 * 1) Computer peripheral devices
 * 2) Computer power
 * 3) Computer Press Association
 * 4) Computer Recycling Center
 * 5) Computer revolution
 * 6) Computer Security Act
 * 7) Computer Security Incident Response Team
 * 8) Computer Select
 * 9) Computer services
 * 10) Computer shows
 * 11) Computer storage technology
 * 12) Computer systems architecture
 * 13) Computer telephone integration
 * 14) Computer telephony
 * 15) Computer trends

Computer-

 * 1) Computer-aided design and manufacturing
 * 2) Computer-assisted learning
 * 3) Computer-assisted retrieval
 * 4) Computer-based reference
 * 5) Computer-based systems
 * 6) Computer-enhanced image
 * 7) Computer-integrated manufacturing
 * 8) Computer-system evaluation
 * 9) Computer-to-phone
 * 10) Computer-to-plate
 * 11) Computer-to-press
 * 12) Computer-to-telephone

Computerc-Computerp

 * 1) Computercruiter
 * 2) Computerized axial tomography
 * 3) Computerized branch exchange
 * 4) Computerized tomography
 * 5) Computerized Typesetting
 * 6) Computerphile

Computex

 * 1) Computex


text:
Talk:Reciprocating compressor

Untitled
reciprocating compressor

210.212.133.109 (talk) 12:26, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

Surging in compressor
-What is surging? -is it possible in reciprocating type comperssor? -what happens if suction pressure goes very low or low in  reciprocating type comperssor? -why tripping interlock is provided in low suction pressure?

I'd suggest to expand this article y translating from Italian (Compressore Alternativo) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.57.29.100 (talk) 13:52, 29 April 2012 (UTC)

High Pressure
What Pressure range constitutes high pressure — Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.168.6.143 (talk) 21:14, 8 January 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Reciprocating compressor


text:
Beretta M9

The Beretta M9, officially the Pistol, Semiautomatic, 9mm, M9, is the designation for the Beretta 92FS semi-automatic pistol used by the United States Armed Forces. The M9 was adopted by the United States military as their service pistol in 1985.

The 92FS won a competition in the 1980s to replace the M1911A1 as the primary sidearm of the U.S. military, beating many other contenders and only narrowly defeating the SIG Sauer P226 for cost reasons. It officially entered service in 1990. Some other pistols have been adopted to a lesser extent, namely the SIG P228 pistol, and other models remain in limited use.

The M9 was scheduled to be replaced under a United States Army program, the Future Handgun System (FHS), which was merged with the SOF Combat Pistol program to create the Joint Combat Pistol (JCP). The JCP was renamed Combat Pistol (CP), and the number of pistols to be bought was drastically cut back. The U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps are replacing the M9 with the SIG Sauer M17 and M18.

History
In the 1970s, every branch of the U.S. Armed Forces (except the U.S. Air Force) carried the .45 ACP M1911 pistol. The USAF opted to use .38 Special revolvers, which were also carried by some criminal investigation/military police organizations, USAF strategic missile (ICBM) officer crews, and military flight crew members across all the services when serving in combat zones, or when engaged in nuclear weapons duties.

The Department of Defense then decided to synchronize the weapons of all five branches of the U.S. armed forces. The service members from the ground combat branches found this arrangement highly contentious. However, they recognized that the decision was made for the purpose of eliminating the need to buy replacements for worn-out M1911 frames, and to establish a common NATO pistol round to simplify logistics (in the circumstance of war against the Soviet Union in Europe). In 1979, the Joint Service Small Arms Program began searching for a replacement for the venerable M1911, and the 9×19mm Parabellum round was selected for compliance with a NATO Standardization agreement (STANAG). In 1980, the Beretta 92S-1 design was chosen over entries from Colt, Smith & Wesson, Walther, the Star M28, and various Fabrique Nationale and Heckler & Koch models.

The result, however, was challenged by the US Army, and new tests were done by the Army. In 1984, the trials started again with updated entries from Smith & Wesson, Beretta, SIG Sauer, Heckler & Koch, Walther, Steyr, and Fabrique Nationale. Beretta won this competition, but there was a new trial, the XM10 competition, in 1988. This resulted in two different trials that were more limited, but resulted in the Beretta being chosen—albeit with an updated design.

Starting in 1979 while the pistol selection processes were concurrently underway, the Bianchi International holster company began its development of a multi-functional military holster to be ready for the issuance of a new pistol. The resulting holster was designed by John Bianchi and Richard Nicholas, and designated as the M12. The M12 has served the U.S. Armed Forces well for decades, and was adopted simultaneously with the adoption of the Beretta 92FS in 1985.

The Beretta 92FS performed successfully in a number of survivability trials, which included: exposure to temperature ranges between -40 and 140 F; salt water corrosion tests; repeated drops onto concrete; and being buried in sand, mud, and snow. Additionally, the 92FS proved an MRBF (mean rounds before failure) of 35,000 rounds—the number often touted as the equivalent to five or six times the pistol's service life. While this is normally true in European militaries, armed forces of the United States normally subject sidearms to much more extensive use. The Iraq War, which featured frequent urban and room-to-room combat, has required American soldiers to rely more heavily on their pistols.

M9

The M9 is a short recoil, semi-automatic, single-action / double-action pistol that uses a 15-round staggered box magazine with a reversible magazine release button that can be positioned for either right or left-handed shooters. The M9 is used with the Bianchi M12 Holster, though other holsters are often used. The specific modifications made from the Beretta 92 includes:

It also has an enlarged hammer pin that fits into a groove on the underside of the slide. The main purpose is to stop the slide from flying off the frame to the rear if it cracks. This was added after slide failures were observed in Beretta models with very high round counts during tests (failures later deemed to be caused by defective ammunition used in tests).
 * Design of all the parts to make them 100% interchangeable to simplify maintenance for large government organizations.
 * Squared off the front of the trigger guard. The squared off trigger guard protects both the gun and the shooter during hand-to-hand combat. Some have suggested that the square guard enables the shooter to grip the front of the trigger guard with the supporting forefinger to enhance aiming; however, firearms trainer and Beretta collaborator Ernest Langdon says that using the forefinger to grip the front of the trigger guard is improper technique.
 * Grip with a recurved forward base to aid with aiming.
 * Hard chromed barrel bores to protect from corrosion and to reduce wear.
 * New surface coating on the slide called Bruniton, which allegedly provides better corrosion resistance than the previous plain blued finish.

The M9 features multiple internal safeties, including a firing pin block that prevents the firing pin from moving without the trigger being pulled, and a firing pin striker that rotates when the safety lever is engaged, preventing the firing pin from being hit even if the hammer falls. The M9 also has an ambidextrous external safety lever, allowing both left and right-handed users to engage or disengage the safety mechanism.

M9A1 update
The M9 was updated to the M9A1 in 2006. It added—among other things—a one-slot Picatinny rail for mounting lights, lasers, and other accessories to the weapon. The M9A1 has more aggressive front, backstrap checkering, and a beveled magazine well for easier reloading of the weapon. M9A1 pistols are sold with Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) coated magazines that were developed to better withstand the conditions of sandy environments in the Iraq and Afghanistan wars.

M9A3 update

The M9 was further updated to M9A3 (the M9A2 concept never went into production ) in 2015. The main updates to M9A3 were:
 * 17-round magazine (a 10-round magazine is also available).
 * 3-slot Picatinny rail.
 * Multi-colored finish (flat dark earth, black and olive drab green).
 * Thinner vertical grip for improved control and less conspicuous concealed carry.
 * Removable wrap-around grip that can be swapped between the Vertec-style and 'old' M9 style.
 * Removable sights so that users can select the sight's material and construction (e.g. luminescent dot sights for dark situations, or taller sights for use with a suppressor).
 * Universal slide, which makes the gun convertible from decocker-safety to decocker-only mode.
 * Sand-resistant magazine with bevelled shape for blind reloading.

New production materials also make M9A3 production more cost efficient.

M9A4 update
In 2021 Beretta introduced the M9A4. Its main features are:

 * 18-round magazine (a 10-round and 15-round magazine is also available)
 * red-dot optic compatible slide
 * dovetailed tritium night sights
 * enhanced short reset Xtreme Trigger System
 * texturized Vertec-style thin grips
 * decocker only, no manual safety

M9 22
The M9 22LR is a variant of the M9 in .22 Long Rifle, and features the same operation, controls, and takedown as the M9. The M9 22 is available with 10 and 15-round magazines, removable sights, and interchangeable grip panels which fit the Beretta M9.

Adoption
The M9 was the standard sidearm of the United States Navy, United States Army, and the United States Air Force from 1985 to 2017, replacing the Colt M1911A1 in the Army and Navy, and the Smith & Wesson .38 Special in the Air Force. The M9A1 is also seeing limited issue to the United States Marine Corps. A large number of M9s and M9A1s were ordered in 2006. During the 2009 SHOT Show, Beretta announced it had received a US$220 million contract for the delivery of 450,000 M9s and M9A1s to the U.S. military, within five years.

The Beretta M9 General Officer's Model is a special model issued to general officers in the Army and Air Force that replaced the special issue RIA M15 General Officer's Pistol and Colt M1911A1 beginning in 1986. It is identical to the standard M9 sidearm, with standard Bruniton-polymer finish and black composite grips, except it has a "GO"-prefix added to its serial number range, starting with GO-001. It comes with a metal belt buckle that is available in gold metal for Army generals, and silver metal for Air Force generals.

The Marine Corps Times reported plans in July 2007 for all officers below the rank of colonel and all SNCOs to be issued the M4 carbine instead of the M9. The new assignment policy will still assign M9s to Marine colonels and above, and Navy petty officer first class and above.

The United States Coast Guard has replaced most of its M9 pistols with the SIG P229 DAK, though some M9s remain in service with certain units.

The M9 is issued to crewmembers on Military Sealift Command vessels.

On September 30, 2011, Beretta USA announced that the U.S. Army's Foreign Military Sales program has purchased an additional 15,778 Model 92FS pistols for the Afghan military and other U.S. allies. The Model 92FS is the non-U.S. military designation for the M9 pistol.

In September 2012, Beretta USA announced that the U.S. Army had bought 100,000 M9 pistols, and that the M9 "would remain their sidearm for the next five years."

Reliability and confidence issues
Prior to its widespread adoption by the U.S. military, questions were raised in a 1987 General Accounting Office report after an incident where a slide failure on a Beretta 92SB injured a Naval Special Warfare member, and two more failures were later observed in additional testing. These failures included both military and civilian Beretta models with very high round counts, and after investigation, Beretta deemed them the result of ammunition supplied by the U.S. Army, which exceeded the recommended pressures specified by NATO. Conversely, the U.S. Army concluded that the faults were the result of the low metal toughness present in the Italian-made slides. This event nonetheless provoked a modification in the M9 design to prevent slide failures from causing injuries to the user, after which no further slide fractures were reported.

In December 2006, the Center for Naval Analyses released a report on U.S. small arms in combat. The CNA conducted surveys on 2,608 troops returning from combat in Iraq and Afghanistan over the past 12 months. Only troops who fired their weapons at enemy targets were allowed to participate. 161 troops were armed with M9 pistols, making up 6% of the survey. 58% of M9 users (93 troops) reported they were satisfied with the weapon, which was the lowest satisfaction rate in the survey. 48% of users (77 troops) were dissatisfied with the M9's ammunition. 64% (103 troops) were satisfied with handling qualities, such as size and weight. M9 users had the lowest levels of satisfaction with weapon performance, including: 76% (122 troops) with accuracy, 66% (106 troops) with range, and 88% (142 troops) with rate of fire. 48% of M9 users (77 troops) were dissatisfied with its ability to attach accessories. 26% of M9 users (42 troops) reported a stoppage, and 62% of those that experienced a stoppage said it had a small effect on their ability to clear the stoppage and re-engage their target. Only 45% of M9 users (72 troops) reported their weapon's magazine did not fail to feed completely. 83% (134 troops) did not need their pistols repaired while in theater. 46% (74 troops) were not confident in the M9's reliability, defined as level of soldier confidence their weapon will fire without malfunction, mainly due to difficulty of maintenance. 63% (101 troops) were confident in its durability, defined as level of soldier confidence their weapon will not break or need repair. The M9 had the lowest levels of soldier confidence in reliability and durability. 74% of M9 users offered recommendations for improvements. 26% of requests were for increased caliber or stopping power, with some specifically requesting returning to .45 ACP rounds. 20% of requests were for a new pistol. Other recommendations were for more durable magazines and better grips.

In 2007, soldiers in the field had many concerns with the M9, notably a lack of confidence in its stopping power resulting from the use of the 9mm ball round, a significant factor in military evaluations because the Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907) prohibit use of expanding bullets in warfare between contracting parties. The United States is not a signatory, but generally observes the agreement.

The U.S. military has been criticized for not purchasing magazines from Beretta. The military awarded a contract to Airtronic USA, because the previous manufacturer, Check-Mate Industries, was charging too much per magazine, though Check-Mate magazines are still sometimes issued. Prior to Check-Mate magazines being purchased, the military purchased magazines from the Italian firm Mec-Gar. Airtronic has stated that its M9 magazines will be made similarly to Mec-Gar's, because of reliability problems with Check-Mate magazines.

There were reported failures with the government-contracted 9mm magazines. After extensive testing and actual testimony given by the troops, it was concluded that the failures were caused by the heavy phosphate finish that were requested in the government contract, combined with the unique environmental conditions in Iraq. After corrections to the government-required specifications for the magazine finish, almost two million new magazines have been distributed without any further malfunctions.

Replacement
The U.S. Army and Air Force sought to replace their M9s through the Modular Handgun System program. The House Armed Services Committee attempted to terminate the program in favor of upgrading the M9. However, program officials said that buying a new pistol is the better option due to several factors, including: advances in handgun designs; the difficulty in addressing all of the M9's issues; other pistols being less expensive to produce and maintain; and the low confidence soldiers have in the M9. A three-year engineering, manufacturing, and development (EMD) phase began in early 2014. Commercial off-the-shelf pistols were tested for various capabilities, such as: accuracy, dispersion, compatibility, and corrosion resistance under extreme weather and extreme combat conditions. The pistol's service life was expected at 25,000 rounds. The M9 was required to fire 5,000 rounds, while data from Beretta shows the average reliability of the M9 pistol to be 17,500 rounds without a stoppage.

In December 2014, Beretta unveiled its M9A3 pistol upgrade for a separate Army effort to identify Engineering Change Proposals (ECPs) under its existing contract. The company presented the upgrade to improve the M9's performance as a more cost-effective solution, without needing to buy a different handgun. Improvements include: a thin grip with a removable, modular wrap-around grip; MIL-STD-1913 accessory rail; removable front and rear tritium sights; extended and threaded barrel for suppressor use; 17-round sand-resistant magazine; and other small features, all in an earth-tone finish. Later that month, the Army decided not to evaluate the M9A3 in favor of pursuing the MHS program, maintaining that the M9 design does not meet requirements, and a cost-benefit analysis determined the old fleet would cost more to replace and repair than buying a new service pistol. Beretta claims the M9A3's upgraded features address a majority of the complaints, and could be sold for less than the cost of previous M9 versions. The Army formally rejected the M9A3 ECP proposal at the end of January 2015.

On January 19, 2017, it was announced that a customized version of the SIG Sauer P320 had won the United States Army's XM17 Modular Handgun System competition. The full-sized model will be known as the M17, and the carry-sized model will be known as the M18. In an editorial, firearms writer Bob Owens noted that "only the Sig Sauer P320, with a serialized core frame and the ability to swap different grip lengths and slide-barrel combinations, seems to meet the requirements of the RFP among the named designs."

title: Beretta M9


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mother Russia

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was article made into disambig page, by Zscout370. --Phroziac(talk) 23:15, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Mother Russia
Note, this article is on the band, so what I suggest is delete the band article (who are not notable and used the article as a spam tool) ans recreate it with content on the term "Mother Russia." The band itself has a MySpace page, which MS actively asks for bands to get started there (I use it myself), and there is nothing notable about this band. Zach (Sound Off) 07:49, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment - it's the name of a song off The Sisters of Mercy's Floodland album. Perhaps a redirect...? Grutness...  wha?  08:21, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. NN.  If this became a redirect, by the name of the article, it would have to redirect to Russia; there's nothing here to salvage.  --A D Monroe III 17:13, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Then, could it be made into a Disambiguation? Zach (Sound Off) 17:41, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Russia. There are pages that link to Mother Russia such as Battle of Stalingrad.  Why the redirect was deleted in the first place is beyond me, but either way, the redirect is necessary and the band needs to go.  It might also be better to make sure the redirect isn't deleted again if created. -Nameneko 19:20, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Oddly enough, it was deleted for "wrong redirect content." See . Zach (Sound Off) 19:43, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * It first went to History of Russia, then Russia itself. Zach (Sound Off) 19:44, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, then redirect to Russia... R  e  dwolf24  (talk) 22:04, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I went ahead and made it a disambig page, since there are three things called Mother Russia. I am ready to close this now. Zach (Sound Off) 22:16, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


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Hawk (G.I. Joe)

Hawk is a fictional character from the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero media franchise. He is one of the original members of the G.I. Joe Team, and debuted in 1982 as a Missile Commander, but was later promoted to full commander of the team. Hawk is portrayed by Dennis Quaid in the 2009 live-action film G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra.

Profile
Hawk's real name is Clayton M. Abernathy, and he was born in Denver, Colorado. He comes from a wealthy family, whose influence enabled him to enroll in West Point. He graduated at the top of his class. He also graduated from Advanced Infantry Training and Covert Ops School, and served on the fictional North Atlantic Range Command and USA ENG COM and EVR Missile Radar Training. Hawk is a qualified expert in the use of the M16 rifle and M-1911A1 automatic pistol.

Hawk is the original field commander of the G.I. Joe Team. His primary military specialty is strategic command operations and his secondary military specialties are ranger, artillery, intelligence and radar. His original rank was that of colonel. He was later promoted to brigadier general and then major general. As a colonel, Hawk served under General Lawrence Flagg, and was responsible for recruiting most of the team's early members. After General Flagg was killed in action and his successor, General Austin, retired from active duty, Hawk assumed full command of the G.I. Joe team.

As the conflict between G.I. Joe and Cobra became known in the United States and abroad, Hawk was the public face of the G.I. Joe team. He was also instrumental in the reinstatement of the G.I. Joe team after it was temporarily disbanded. This was due to his involvement with "The Jugglers", a top-secret group of generals who had frequently interfered with the team's operations. Hawk was able to undermine corruption from within by keeping tabs on them, and blackmailed them into immediately reinstating the team, once evidence was presented that Cobra was again operating on domestic soil. However, he decides to take on more of an advisory role as commander in chief, letting field command duties fall to Duke.

Toys
Hawk was part of the first wave of action figures that were released in 1982, packaged with the Mobile Missile System playset. Although he held the rank of colonel and his file card has flattering statements about his leadership abilities, his job description was "Missile Commander", though in the Marvel Comics G.I. Joe series he was G.I. Joe team's field commander. All of the original sixteen figures from 1982 were released with "straight arms". The same figure was re-released in 1983 with a "swivel-arm battle grip", which made it easier for figures to hold their rifles and accessories.

In 1986, Hasbro released a new Hawk action figure who carried the rank of brigadier general. Concurrent with that, he became overall commander in both the comics and the Sunbow cartoon following the death of General Flagg. A new action figure was released in 1991, with the name changed from "Hawk" to "General Hawk". General Hawk was also released in 1991 as part of the "Talking Battle Commanders" line. In 1993, two new versions of General Hawk were released as part of the Star Brigade line.

When Hasbro revived the G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero line in 2000, they failed to renew their trademark claim to the name "Hawk", and could no longer release the character with that name attached. Therefore, he was released as "General Tomahawk", with the rank of major general. His name was changed again in 2004 to "General Abernathy", and then to "G.I. Joe Hawk" in 2008.

In 2009, to coincide with the launch of the movie G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, Hasbro released three figures based on the movie character, with the name General Clayton "Hawk" Abernathy. The first was released with the Pit Mobile Headquarters, the second as a stand-alone figure, and the third as a Wal-Mart exclusive with the Laser Artillery Weapon. A version of Hawk was also released as part of "The Pursuit of Cobra" line in 2011, with a non-actor based head.

Marvel Comics
Hawk first appears in the Marvel Comics series G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero #1. He serves as a colonel and the field commander of the G.I. Joe team under General Lawrence Flagg. It is shown that prior to the creation of G.I. Joe, Hawk was a lieutenant colonel commanding security forces, and was responsible for recruiting many of the original members of the team, including Stalker and Snake Eyes. Hawk quickly gains the respect of his soldiers and participates in a number of early missions. In one mission, he and Grunt go undercover to infiltrate an illegal militia run by a man named Vance Wingfield. During a battle in the streets of Washington D.C., Hawk is shot point-blank in the back by Cobra Commander, but recovers due to a bulletproof vest.

After the death of General Flagg, Hawk assumes command of the G.I. Joe team, but is still advised by General Austin. Operations at The Pit keep him busy, so Hawk relegates field command to Duke. When General Austin later suffers a heart attack, he retires and promotes Hawk to Brigadier General, giving him command of the entire G.I. Joe operation. After the G.I. Joe team invades the Cobra-controlled town of Springfield and has nothing to show for it, the team is in danger of being shut down. Hawk accepts full responsibility, and meets with three high-ranking military officers deep in the otherwise empty Pit, when the facility is attacked by Cobra's Battle Android Troopers. Two of the generals are killed, but the survivor General Hollingsworth reactivates the team, and puts Hawk back in command.

Hawk leads the team through the first Cobra civil war, which takes place on Cobra Island. During the conflict, he is involved in a fist-fight with the Dreadnok Buzzer atop the Thunder Machine. Upon returning from this mission, General Hawk and General Hollingsworth are arrested, under claims that the Joes acted without authorization. Roadblock organizes a rescue mission, with the help of the Joes who had not been arrested. Destro, who was monitoring the situation, finds the lack of respect for his enemy intolerable. He shows up at the rescue, and neutralizes the entire situation by proving Hawk's innocence on live television.

In the Battle of Benzheen, Hawk leads nearly the entire team into battle, and deals with political corruption when the operation ends thanks to a deal their "allies" make with Cobra Commander. As a result, many Joes are executed while in Cobra custody. During a mission into Trans-Carpathia, Hawk nearly dies before other members of the Joe team can rescue him. He later personally leads missions into the Cobra-controlled town of Millville, and later returns to fight Cobra in Eastern Europe. Hawk's final duty as G.I. Joe commander is to preside over the closing ceremony of The Pit, after the G.I. Joe team was decommissioned at the cancellation of the series.

Devil's Due Publishing
When Cobra returns a few years later in the Devils Due series, Hawk lobbies for the re-instatement of the G.I. Joe team. He is successful, and publicly announces the reinstatement of the G.I. Joe team, which is seen by members of Cobra. However, he does not re-assume full command, passing on leadership responsibility to Duke, while he takes on more of an advisory role. This is so he can devote time to keeping an eye on the Jugglers, a cabal of generals with an agenda of their own. He also mentions that several younger officers have nicknamed him "General Tomahawk". When Scarlett and Snake Eyes are taken prisoner by Destro, Hawk sends Kamakura and Spirit to find Cobra Commander's son Billy, who helps them rescue Scarlett and Snake Eyes.

Cobra Commander returns, accompanied by Storm Shadow, and creates plans to get revenge on both Destro and Hawk. Storm Shadow tries to assassinate Hawk, but is confronted by Snake Eyes before escaping. Destro is later double-crossed by the president of Sierra Gordo, and arrested by Duke. Destro makes a deal to deliver Cobra Commander in exchange for his freedom. The Joes confront Cobra, and Destro is traded for Cobra Commander, but during the conflict the Commander shoots Hawk in the back, and in turn is shot from behind by the Baroness.

Hawk survives but lapses into a coma. General Joseph Colton returns to fill in for Hawk as commander of the team. While in a coma, Hawk has a dream that he was finally retiring and settling down with his wife Carolee, who in reality was long dead. He then visits Cobra Commander in prison, and the two argue before Cobra Commander moves from the shadows to reveal Hawk's face. When Hawk wakes up, he learns that he has an unretractable bullet lodged in his spine, which has left him paralyzed below the waist. This experience makes him a bit crazed, intensifying his hatred for Cobra Commander. Unknown to Hawk, it was not Cobra Commander that shot him, for Zartan had switched places with the Commander shortly before the incident.

The Red Shadows organization finally steps forward, targeting members of both G.I. Joe and Cobra. Hawk is targeted, but is rescued from the Red Shadows by Scarlett, Snake Eyes and Kamakura. Red Shadows assassin Dela Eden attempts to kill Flint, but is stopped by Lady Jaye, who is then stabbed by Dela and dies. Dela is captured by Scarlett, who forms a plan with Flint and Hawk to investigate the Red Shadows organization. But the Red Shadows rescue Dela, and when G.I. Joe confronts them in New York, the leader of the Red Shadows Wilder Vaughn escapes. G.I. Joe is then deactivated by order of the President, given that Cobra as an organization has fractured, although Cobra Commander remains at large.

America's Elite
In the G.I. Joe: America's Elite series, Hawk is undergoing physiotherapy, and is rarely seen. General Joseph Colton again assumes command of the G.I. Joe team, at the President's request. Hawk is still obsessed with the capture of Cobra Commander, who had not been seen since Cobra's defeat a year earlier, and he sends the tracker Spirit on a classified mission to search the world for Cobra Commander. Spirit manages to locate Cobra Commander, but is captured. Spirit is later found and rescued, and reveals his findings to Hawk and the rest of the team. General Colton convinces Hawk to return to the team in an advisory role. He is a member of the team, when the Phoenix Guard infiltrates The Rock, and manages to capture several Joes including Hawk. The remaining Joes fight off the attack, as they finally discover the true identities of the Phoenix Guard members.

Hawk is forced to retreat from G.I. Joe headquarters during the events of World War III. With help from Destro and the Baroness, G.I. Joe is able to take back many of the areas controlled by Cobra. Cobra Commander and The Plague retreat to a secret base in the Appalachian Mountains, where the final battle takes place. General Colton is shot in the back by Cobra Commander, but survives. The battle ends when Hawk, using Velocity's jet pack, tackles Cobra Commander and knocks him out with a punch to the face. In the aftermath, Hawk and Colton are asked by the President to continue leading the G.I. Joe team, as it is fully reactivated. Cobra Commander is locked away in a special underwater prison, where Hawk later visits Cobra Commander and the two exchange words. Cobra Commander tells Hawk that when war breaks out again, Hawk will have him to thank for it. Hawk responds, "Maybe, Commander. But understand this: no matter what happens...you won't be taking part in any of it."

Hasbro later announced that all stories published by Devil's Due Publishing are no longer considered canonical, and are now considered an alternate continuity.

G.I. Joe vs. the Transformers: Marvel
In the original alternate continuity series, the Joes come into conflict with the Transformers and Cobra over a mobile power station that could increase energy reserves for anyone who takes control over it. During the conflict, Hawk strikes up a brief romantic relationship with a U.S. Senator. This ends badly when the politician, disgraced by scandal, is murdered.

G.I. Joe vs. the Transformers: Devil's Due

This series published by Devil's Due, is composed of four mini-series that chronicle a new origin to the G.I. Joe team. Hawk is the commander of a group of U.S. Army soldiers, including Stalker and Snake Eyes. Assigned to protect a peace conference in Washington D.C., they find themselves under attack by unknown forces using high-tech military-grade equipment. Some of this equipment transforms into high-tech robots.

After the attack, Hawk is made the leader of G.I. Joe, a special unit assembled for the purpose of taking down this terrorist organization, identifying itself as Cobra. G.I. Joe learns the truth about Cobra from both Mercer, a Cobra defector, and Wheeljack and Bumblebee, two alien robots who avoided being found when their ship was discovered by Cobra. With the help of an encrypted signal sent by Optimus Prime, the Joes discover the location of Cobra's hidden island base. As the Joes prepare for an assault on the island, Hawk receives orders to subdue the two alien robots that had allied with them, and take them to Area 51 for study, while the Cobra base is nuked. When Wheeljack warns Hawk about the catastrophic reaction of a nuclear explosion with the Energon Cobra was stockpiling, Hawk defies his orders and goes with his original invasion plan.

In volume 3, G.I. Joe vs. the Transformers: Art of War, Hawk is commander of the team stationed to protect a secret military base in Area 51. He is working with the Autobots to remove the remainder of Cybertronian technology from Earth, but later finds that the U.S. Military was secretly bioengineering a Super Soldier, Serpent O.R. from the remains of Megatron (the fallen Decepticon leader), and the genetic make-up of history's greatest military leaders. Hawk is part of the team that goes to Cybertron and is captured by the Decepticons. In the final battle, Hawk uses the Matrix and becomes connected to it.

In volume 4, G.I. Joe vs. the Transformers: Black Horizon, Hawk leaves the G.I. Joe team, after allegations of the events that occurred in Area 51, which branded him a traitor. He is still connected to the Matrix, and is troubled each night by a specific nightmare, which shows a future in which all humanity is destroyed. During an interview, Hawk is summoned by the Autobots, whom he is secretly working for, because they have discovered an ancient race in the Himalayan Mountains. Hawk investigates with the aid of Flint and Optimus Prime, and there they encounter Bludgeon and Cobra-La. As they are escaping, Prime is attacked by Bludgeon. Hawk uses his connection to the Matrix and uploads Energon energy to Bludgeon, which temporarily knocks him out. They find that they are trapped, until they meet General Joseph Colton, who knows of Hawk. Colton leads them further inside, and after a few battles with the Honor Guard of Cobra-La, the Joes put together a plan to save the day. Flint goes into space with spores designed to destroy technology, while Colton, Hawk, and Optimus Prime rescue Firewall and stop Cobra-La. Hawk faces off against Golobulus, and is aided by Optimus Prime. As the series ends, Hawk is seen again with the woman he once left, trying to put his life back together.

Fun Publications
In the mirror universe created by Fun Publications, Hawk's is Vice President Clayton "Clay" Abernathy, serving in the administration of U.S. President Joseph Colton. In the story Eye in the Sky, Clay advises the president during the loss of an orbital defense satellite to the evil Decepticons, and its eventual destruction thanks to the efforts of the heroic Autobots.

A version of Hawk is also among the members of The Convoy, a group of leaders from various realities united by the Transtech, in order to deal with various threats. Yet another version has his personality copied into the robot Serpent O.R., a Transformer version of Serpentor.

Sunbow
In the Sunbow G.I. Joe cartoon, General Hawk is voiced by Ed Gilbert. His first appearance is in the second season premiere "Arise, Serpentor, Arise!", in which he is brought in to lead the G.I. Joe team. His first task is to have Sgt. Slaughter retrain the Joe team, after a humiliating battle against Cobra forces. When Serpentor invades Washington DC, General Hawk disguises himself as the president to lead a surprise attack on Cobra. There was no on-screen explanation as to when Hawk became the leader. However, according to Buzz Dixon in an interview for G.I. Joe: Yearbook #2, Hawk "has never been seen before because he was in Washington with the Joint Chiefs of Staff". In "Not A Ghost Of A Chance", it was further revealed that Hawk was also the founder of the G.I. Joe team. The character had appeared in early animated commercials for the comic books and toys with his original blond-haired design, but in the actual animated series he was depicted as having black hair.

G.I. Joe: The Movie
Hawk also appeared briefly in the 1987 animated film G.I. Joe: The Movie. After Serpentor is freed by the Dreadnoks, General Hawk scolds Lt. Falcon for abandoning his post, which led to Serpentor escaping and the Dreadnoks' new allies injuring Gung-Ho, Alpine and Bazooka in the process. General Hawk ends up confining Lt. Falcon to quarters until the court martial, and he orders Low-Light and Scarlett to get Falcon out of his sight. At the court martial, General Hawk brings up the charges against Lt. Falcon, which involved the incidents related to Serpentor's escape, and not being present with the other Rawhides in Beach-Head's training exercise. Duke pleads to General Hawk to not inflict a harsh punishment on Lt. Falcon. Upon discussing this with the other four generals, General Hawk decides to have Lt. Falcon reassigned to the Slaughterhouse. After Duke is wounded while protecting Lt. Falcon from Serpentor's attack, General Hawk comforts Lt. Falcon and orders him and the other Rawhides to stay behind, while the rest of the Joes assault Cobra-La.

DiC series
In DiC Entertainment's G.I. Joe series, General Hawk (reprised by Ed Gilbert in Season One, voiced by David Kaye in Season Two) continues his leadership of G.I. Joe in their fight against Cobra. In the first season, he is seen wearing his flight suit and using his jetpack to coincide with the release of his new figure. In the second season, Hawk appeared more frequently, and wore the same uniform as his Talking Battle Commanders figure.

Sgt. Savage and his Screaming Eagles
Hawk appears in the pilot episode of Sgt. Savage and his Screaming Eagles, titled "Old Heroes Never Die", where he is voiced by David Kaye. Hawk, along with Doc and Lady Jaye, discover Sgt. Savage, who was frozen alive during World War II, and leave him in charge of a group of talented but irresponsible sergeants facing court martial. Savage quickly whips them into shape.

Valor vs. Venom
Hawk appeared in the direct-to-video CGI animated movie G.I. Joe: Valor vs. Venom, voiced by Phil Hayes. In this continuity, Hawk was abducted by Cobra, and was mutated into Venomous Maximus, who collaborates with Overkill to venomize the human population. The Joes restore Hawk to his old self with an antidote at the end of the film.

Sigma 6
In G.I. Joe: Sigma 6, Hawk is still recuperating from the events of G.I. Joe: Valor vs. Venom, and serves as a mentor to Duke. It is revealed that Hawk has a teenage son named Scott, who is an expert with computers. Hawk is also afraid that Cobra might become too strong for the Joes alone, and commissions Lt. Stone to create a new Sub Base and several new vehicles, which are revealed in the opening of Season 2. Hawk is not seen again after Season 1.

Renegades
General Abernathy appears in G.I. Joe: Renegades, voiced by Lee Majors. In this series, General Abernathy is depicted as a bald man with an eye patch. General Abernathy is a full general in the US Military, who doesn't trust Cobra Industries. When he gets a call from Scarlett about what she learned, General Abernathy tells her that her team made the front news. When Duke claims they were set up, General Abernathy tells them to turn themselves in, because unless they have proof of their innocence, he can't help them. When General Abernathy asks Baroness if she needs help quarantining the nearby town, and Baroness says that the military has done enough. General Abernathy then appoints Flint to lead a team of military officers to bring Duke's team in. In "Revelations" Pt. 2, General Abernathy is with the Falcons, when the Joes and Professor Patrick O'Hara turn themselves in, with the proof that General Abernathy wanted. General Abernathy then plans a debriefing, as he shows the group that Breaker is officially working for both of them.

Live action film
Dennis Quaid portrays Hawk in the 2009 live-action film G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra. In the film, NATO troops led by American soldiers Duke and Ripcord are asked to deliver four warheads, which are capable of destroying anything from tanks to cities, with nanomites designed to devour metal and other materials. Their convoy is ambushed by the Baroness, whom Duke recognizes to be his ex-fiancee Ana Lewis. Duke and Ripcord are rescued by Scarlett, Snake Eyes, Breaker, and Heavy Duty, who take the warheads to The Pit, G.I. Joe's command center in Egypt, and rendezvous with Hawk, the head of the G.I. Joe team. Hawk takes command of the warheads, and excuses Duke and Ripcord, only to be convinced to let them join his team, after Duke reveals that he knows the Baroness.

Later, Hawk is injured by Storm Shadow, and has to use a wheelchair for some time. By the end of the film, he has healed from his injuries and is walking unaided. Cover Girl was his aide-de-camp, until she was murdered by Zartan.

Video games
Hawk is featured in the 1991 console video game, G.I. Joe, released for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES). His appearance is based on the 1991 edition of his action figure. He initially serves as the player's commanding officer, but becomes playable for the game's final mission. Hawk is also featured as a playable character in the 1992 follow-up, G.I. Joe: The Atlantis Factor, also released for the NES. Unlike the first NES game, Hawk serves as the default playable character in the sequel, as he seeks out the other members of the Joe Team throughout the game.

General Hawk appears as a non-playable, supporting character in the video game G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra, voiced by Josh Robert Thompson.

Other works
Hawk is briefly discussed in the non-fiction novel 'Paradise Of Bombs'.

Hawk's figure is mentioned for a short period in the non fiction novel 6 Sick Hipsters. In the story, the character Paul Achting spent four years collecting G.I. Joe figures to set up a battle scene between the Joes and Cobra. As he imagined the characters in his head, he described four of the Joes on front lines of the battle: Hawk, Leatherneck, Wet Suit, and Sci-Fi "stood in procession, weapons raised, adrenaline pumping feverishly. Anxious for another victory over the dreaded Cobra." He described how Hawk, "the original field commander, was now a general. This battle would be the one that defined his military career. The one that [sic] make or break him."

title: Hawk (G.I. Joe)