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Talk:Liberty ship

Untitled
Another interesting "Liberty ship" tid-bit is that one of them, the SS Benjamin R. Curtis, launched by the California Shipbuilding Co. in November of 1942, later became the SS Grandcamp which was the ship that exploded and caused the massive Texas City disaster in 1947.

Somebody screwed up somewhere. This page says complement is 41; the John W. Brown page says twice that, incl merchant mariners & Navy officers. So? Trekphiler 02:49, 6 January 2006 & 20:46, 10 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Not really a screwup. The normal crew complement for a Liberty varied depending on circumstances, and was about 28-34 merchant crew, plus varying numbers of US Naval Armed Guard to man the guns. The SS John W Brown was one of the 222 Liberty ships converted to limited-capacity troop carriers. As such she was fitted with extra anti-aircraft guns. This meant that she, and the other troop transports, carried more USNAG members than the average Liberty -- Oldfarm 00:34, 7 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Very belated :( :( thx.  TREKphiler   any time you're ready, Uhura  20:46, 10 January 2010 (UTC)

-

Hoping no one objects, I added an item to the "Fictional Appearances" section, citing Alistair MacLean's use of a Liberty ship in San Andreas. (TEH, 23 April 2006)

Sentence Needs Some Context.
I'm a bit perplexed by the sentence "The ships initially had a poor public image." The article doesn't really provide a reason for this. Anyone know the answer? NIIRS zero 11:46, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * At least with norwegian seamen it was due both to looks and the way it was built, with a steam engine (most norwegian vessels had diesels), slow etc. Ulflarsen 20:01, 17 September 2006 (UTC)
 * I disagree that most Norweigian vessels had diesels. Back during the 1940's very few ships had diesels.  But one problem with the Liberty's was not their steam engine, but rather they had reciprocating engines (VTE), whereas most modern (circa 1940's) ships had steam propelled turbines.  With regard to their poor public image, no less an authority then President Roosevelt called them Ugly-Duckings, which is part of the reason they became known as Liberty ships, to counteract their poor public image.  DRB 15 Jan 2008

 * The name actually came from the first ship built to the design, the British Empire Liberty. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.150.11.196 (talk) 10:36, 16 April 2017 (UTC)

Where'd it go?
The page appears to have been deleted. Anybody know if this is true and if so why? Or is it just me? AJB93 16:22, 17 September 2006 (UTC)

Walter Butler shipbuilders
I removed this phrase from the article: "Walter Butler shipbuilders of St Paul Mn built many Lib ships at their facility in Superior, Wi. (I was a welder there.)" It was not developed well and not sourced. It was also in the wrong place. Can anybody help this guy out by fleshing this passage out with more detail and a cite? Binksternet (talk) 06:34, 26 July 2008 (UTC)

 * There were actually eighteen shipyards located along the Atlantic, Pacific and Gulf Coasts that built Liberty ships during WWII. The East and West yards of the New England Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland, Maine, although physically located on the same 60 acres of land, commenced operations under different titles and until early 1942 were separated by rigid legal conditions.
 * Walter Butler SB built some 88 vessels during WWII, (50 off C1-M-AV1, 18 off N3-S-A1, 8 off N3-S-A2, 12 off S2-S2-AQ1). While they built no Liberty ships (EC2-S-C1), it is possible that repair work was done there. Oldfarm (talk) 16:03, 26 July 2008 (UTC)

Oh, Canada
What happened to the Canadian-built ships? There were a few 100 built here.... TREKphiler  hit me ♠  11:52, 7 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but there were no Liberty ships built in Canada. During WWII, large numbers of the British built "North Sands" class merchant vessel were built in Britain, USA, and Canada. The American built Ocean class, and the Canadian built Fort and Park classes were forerunners of the US redesigned and built Liberty ships, while the US designed and built Victory ship was an entirely new type. Oldfarm (talk) 04:02, 8 February 2009 (UTC)

Ion Livas promotion
I have been deleting promotion of a book by Ion Livas. No promotion is allowed on Wikipedia. Somebody really wants the book to appear, in all capital letter, too. Binksternet (talk) 08:13, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

Losing deadweight
It appears there's confusion over load capacity v displacement. Displacement is all the water displaced by the hull at load; dwt is tonnage carried aboard. TREKphiler  any time you're ready, Uhura  20:39, 10 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Actually, displacement is a measurement of the mass of the ship by use of Archimedes' principle.
 * So, does that mean that the ship itself only weighs 3,618 metric tons, and it can carry 10,856 metric tons of what on top of that? Cargo, fuel, provisions, and crew? What about armaments?  Do they come in under the weight of the ship, or the weight of what it is carrying? Ammunition? Troops? Can you clarify any of that?  Gene Nygaard (talk) 04:45, 11 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Picture a cube in a bowl of water. It pushes out 14K tons of water; the payload of 10K is included in that number. You're actually measuring the same thing two ways.  TREKphiler   any time you're ready, Uhura  05:36, 11 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Here you've got a cubed that can be filled with stuff, then can be put in the water and measured again. What I'm wondering is when you use this terminology in connection with a naval ship, do the guns and the ammunition intended for use with them get weighed the first time with the otherwise empty cube, or only after it is filled up?
 * Note also that when you push that cube under the water and measure the water it displaces, you only measure the volume, not the mass, of the cube. Sure, it will displace x metric tons of water, but that has nothing to do with the weight of the cube.  So dived displacement of submarines isn't really a measurement of "tons" though that terminology is still used. Gene Nygaard (talk) 14:17, 11 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I confess working from an incomplete knowledge... I've understood it to be volume of water enough to carry the weight of a solid cube of said mass. And navy ships get measured with a bewildering variety of stuff aboard/not, depending on the navy in question: fuel & ammo, fuel but not ammo, full fuel, partial fuel, full fuel & partial ammo, boiler water/not, crew/not, provisions/not...& doubtless a few others I haven't heard of. ;p Most usual is complete hull (including weapons but not ammo, so torpedo tubes but not torpedoes, say); other stuff varies the number from "trial displacement" (probably light fuel & water, limited crew, no ammo) to "full load displacement" (loaded for bear, tho that might reach "max overload displacement"). This variation is one reason "standard displacement" was developed, in response to the Washington & London treaties, where tonnage limits were set & it became necessary to establish if ships/navies complied. (Most navies cheated anyhow, but...) This is different from dwt, which is (as I understand it) a measurement of a ship's payload, & doesn't depend on provisions or fuel; in short, a measure of her volume available to carry stuff, rather than her entire volume. And grt is different still... So is British Register Tonnage... If you're not confused, you haven't been paying attention. (Also if you have. ;p)  TREKphiler   any time you're ready, Uhura  07:06, 12 January 2010 (UTC)

 * ''Weight of Ship:
 * The terms Gross Tonnage and Dead Weight, used to describe a ship, do not refer to weight, but to volume. Gross tonnage is the total internal volume of a ship. It is a cubic or space measurement of all areas of a vessel with some allowances or deductions for exempt spaces such as living quarters, while Deadweight tonnage is the difference between light and loaded displacements. It comprises the cargo, stores, ballast, fresh water, fuel oil, passengers, crew and their effects. Displacement Tonnage (usually quoted in long tons of 2240 lbs.) is the total weight of the ship and everything in it, and refers to the actual weight of the water "displaced" by the ship. - from here:

 * a single 2,500 hp (1,860 kW) reciprocating steam engine of obsolete but reliable design. - the reason for choosing a reciprocating engine was that many Merchant Navy seamen had experience of these engines, whereas only naval personnel and the engineers on the large ocean liners, such as the RMS Queen Mary, had any experience of steam turbines. So they chose a type of engine that most of the Engine Room crews would already be familiar-with. It was for the same reason that a reciprocating engine was also chosen for the Flower class corvette. The type of crews who would man them would likely already have experience of these 'low tech' engines.

 * In addition, turbines are relatively expensive, in both time and money, to build, (needing closer component tolerances) with only a limited number of suppliers, and these were needed more urgently for warships. Also, in a convoy, which could consist of a bewildering array of various vessels and types, the whole assembly of ships must travel at the speed of their slowest member, so any improvement in speed a turbine might have given would have been of little use most of the time. It was a cost/benefit analysis, in which time was a vital factor.

 * a single 2,500 hp (1,860 kW) reciprocating steam engine of obsolete but reliable design. - the reason for choosing a reciprocating engine was that many Merchant Navy seamen had experience of these engines, whereas only naval personnel and the engineers on the large ocean liners, such as the RMS Queen Mary, had any experience of steam turbines.

 * Well, that's not entirely accurate. Turbine propulsion had become ubiquitous by the late 1930s in the US merchant fleet. You get close to the actual reason in the last paragraph: turbines require reduction gearing, because turbines spin much faster than the propellers.  However, the precision machinery used to cut reduction gears was large, expensive, and above all scarce.  It was already a choke-point in the mass construction of warships, which necessarily had priority. Using reciprocating engines in the Liberties was a way around the roadblock, especially since there was no need for turbines in such slow ships.  The other workaround, used extensively in the P-SE, C-SE and T-SE designs as well as some destroyer escorts, was turbo-electric drive, with steam turbines turning generators powering electric motors.Solicitr (talk) 16:36, 7 January 2016 (UTC)

Did Liberty ships carry oil?
Oil would have been a large proportion of imports to Britain during WW2. Did Liberty ships carry bulk grain? ---DavidJErskine (talk) 06:41, 18 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Standard Liberty ships (Type EC2-S-C1) had two deep tanks that were used for liquid cargo including oil products (kerosene, gasoline, diesel fuel, crude oil, etc.) In general, gasoline was transported in 5 gallon "Jerrycans" - this aided in ease of offloading.
 * Thirty-two Liberty tankers (Type Z-ET1-S-C3) were true bulk oil tankers that retained the outward appearance of a standard Liberty as a disguise to prevent targeting by U-boats.
 * A number of Liberty's carried bulk grain cargoes.
 * Regards Oldfarm (talk) 15:41, 14 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Remember, the Liberties were not by any means all of the war-construction merchant ships; they were an "emergency" supplement to the Maritime Commission's pre-existing mass-production designs, which included the T2 tanker. Over 500 of these were built, and bore the bulk of the Atlantic fuel cargoes. Solicitr (talk) 16:40, 7 January 2016 (UTC)

Liberty ships not warships?
I see that on 12 July 2011 User:Trekphiler removed the link "Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries" from Liberty Ship on the grounds that Liberty Ships are "not a warship".

Is he aware that the SS Stephen Hopkins was a United States Merchant Marine Liberty ship that served in World War II. She was the first (and only) US ship to sink a German surface combatant during the war.

Regards Oldfarm (talk) 00:08, 13 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Not only the SS Stephen Hopkins but the SS Lawton B. Evans used her weapons in the Battle of Anzio from Jan 22 to Jan 30 1944 and shot down 5 German planes among other things, her guns can be seen here- https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SS_Lawton_B._Evans_Shell_practice.jpg and here https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SS_Walton_B._Evans_gunman.jpg
 * Battle commendation for the SS Lawton B. Evans https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SS_Lawton_B._Evans_Commendation.pdfWikiinfomation (talk) 04:04, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

Weapons
Weapons on Liberty ship?--Falkmart (talk) 13:27, 5 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Liberty ships were commercial type vessels, not war ships in the naval sense (despite the comment above). During WW II all U.S. ocean going ships came under the authority of the War Shipping Administration for allocation to either pure wartime "commercial" transport use or either Navy or Army charter or full allocation. Every ship possible was given some self defense armament during those war years and by the end almost all had some sort of gun, often whatever could be found and mounted without taking current production from active forces in the early years, with Navy Armed Guard unit to man it or in some cases them. Only hospital ships, prevented by the applicable conventions requiring precise marking, paint, lights and such were prevented from carrying arms—down to inspection of baggage to make sure not so much as a private pistol or a few cartridges did not make it aboard. Army transports were essentially commercial in nature, civilian crewed. Only Liberty and Victory types assigned to the Navy got any sort of standard armament. Palmeira (talk) 13:42, 5 November 2014 (UTC)
 * "Not war ships" yet on January 22 until January 30, 1944 in the Battle of Anzio at least one the SS Lawton B. Evans was used as a war ship. I see maybe 4 at Anzio in a January 22 photo why is their no mention of this in the Liberty ship article?Wikiinfomation (talk) 03:17, 30 November 2016 (UTC)
 * "Weapons on Liberty ship?" Yes, as mentioned above look at the shell size of the SS Lawton B. Evans in this photo: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:SS_Lawton_B._Evans_Shell_practice.jpg I think it needs to be added to this article for histories sake.Wikiinfomation (talk) 03:24, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

Date inconsistency
In September 1943 strategic plans and shortage of more suitable hulls required that Liberty ships be pressed into emergency use as troop transports with about 225 eventually converted for this purpose.[20] The first general conversions were hastily undertaken by the War Shipping Administration (WSA) so that the ships could join convoys on the way to North Africa for Operation Torch This doesn't compute; the Torch landings were in November 1942 Solicitr (talk) 16:25, 7 January 2016 (UTC)

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Idea?
I've always felt that the M1 Garand, the T-34, the Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress+North American P-51 Mustang, Bletchley Park and the Liberty ship were the weapons which won WWII. Should we be seeking to add any sources which reference things like this? Xerton (talk) 02:46, 9 February 2018 (UTC)

The biggest serie of ship types?
Is this the biggest serie of ship types? 2000 ships is large number. --Alex Blokha (talk) 19:03, 21 August 2018 (UTC)
 * ♠Since "serie" isn't a word, & it's not 2000 ship types, I'd have to say no.
 * ♠Is it the most numerous of a single design? Probably.  TREKphiler  any time you're ready, Uhura  02:06, 22 August 2018 (UTC)

Capitalization is not working here
Everywhere in this article the entity is capitalized, even mid-sentence, as "Liberty ship". Other related articles do this also.

It should be "Liberty Ship". If for some reason you don't want that, it'd have to be "liberty ship" (that's wrong IMO, since "liberty" is a non-descriptive appellation, unlike "cargo ship" or "quickly-built ship" or whatever, but is at least follows a consistent rule).

The current use is a little bit like writing "the team played at Fenway park", except worse since at least Fenway by itself is a proper noun ("it's located in the Fenway neighborhood"), while liberty isn't (you wouldn't write "Smith was a great believer in freedom and Liberty").

If these entities were commonly called "Liberty" or "Liberties", that'd possibly be different. If you could write "Venezuela bought five Liberties...", with ship being merely a helpful adjective, as one might say "Boeing 747 airliner" or something, that'd be different two. But it's not; people don't say "Liberty" alone, without "ship", as they might say "747" without "airliner". I mean they might, and probably do in casual private conversation among ship aficionados, but it's highly non-standard and slangy and we don't do it in our articles. Certainly this article would not be renamed to "Liberty (vessel)" I don't think. I propose to make this chance presently absent objection. Herostratus (talk) 16:13, 22 October 2019 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia uses what reliable sources use. A look through some shows a mixture of "Liberty ship" and "Liberty Ship", mostly the former, so that is what we should use. There are also instances of them being described as Liberties (and Victory ships as Victories). (Hohum @ ) 17:18, 22 October 2019 (UTC)
 * Alright. I've decided to stand down from the issue, since it's a minor point and not super important. I don't want to engage in pettifoggery, so let it lie. FWIW I'm still right tho IMO, and here's why:

 * We don't use sources for formatting. Sources are for data. Our MOS determines formatting. (Other people's style rules are worthwhile to consider a bit, as one data point only). If a source formats dates as "October 8th 1944" we don't copy that, since our MOS tells to give dates as cardinals not ordinals; and so on.

 * If "Liberty ship" means just "Liberty, a type of ship" we should change the article title to "Liberty". Since we'd need disambiguation it'd be "Liberty (ship)" or something. We don't have articles title "Boeing 747 airliner"; if we had to disambiguate it'd be "Boeing 747 (airliner)". Sure people say "liberty ship" a lot, like they say "tuna fish" or "Sherman tank", but the actual articles are titled Tuna and M4 Sherman. This title is inconsistent with other articles, and one of the Five Virtues of Article titles is "Consistency – The title is consistent with the pattern of similar articles' titles". (I don't buy it that "Liberty ship" means just "Liberty, a type of ship" -- I think that "Liberty Ship" is de facto a proper name according to common usage. Anyway, either "Liberty Ship" or "Liberty (ship)", fine; but the current title, not fine. But as a say, it's not really hurting the reader's understand, so let it lie. Herostratus (talk) 10:16, 23 October 2019 (UTC)

Is the SS Albert M. Boe a "surviving Liberty Ship" or not.
According to this article, the SS Albert M. Boe is one of four surviving Liberty Ships. According to the article SS John W. Brown, the Brown is one of three, as the Albert M. Boe is not considered. The article SS Jeremiah O'Brien also does not include the Boe (it says that there are three operational liberty ships left (including SS Arthur M. Huddell which doesn't move under its own power, altho it floats).

The SS Albert M. Boe is described as "currently landlocked", and actually as "grounded" in its infobox, so I assume it is not actually afloat (or, probably, capable of floating anymore). Whether its been internally gutted or not I can't tell (it's certainly not derelict). FWIW the lede for that article begins with "SS Albert M. Boe was a Liberty ship..." (note past tense).

Whether the Boe should or should not be considered a "surviving Liberty Ship" I don't know or care, but if you do, speak; I just want it to be consistent across all the articles. Herostratus (talk) 16:27, 22 October 2019 (UTC)

purpose and deliveries
The lede produces the question: "if the Liberty ships were produced to be supplied to the British, how many did they get?" GraemeLeggett (talk) 20:04, 11 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Liberty ship


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Cumann na Poblachta

Cumann na Poblachta ("Society of the Republic") was an Irish republican political party.

The party was founded on 15 March 1922 by Éamon de Valera. It opposed the Anglo-Irish Treaty and was composed of the anti-Treaty wing of Sinn Féin. The party did contest the 1922 Irish general election but, in accordance with the Collins/De Valera Pact, under the Sinn Féin banner like their opponents.

The party commonly appended the title The Republican Party to its name. This subtitle was later adopted by the Fianna Fáil party at its foundation in 1926, also led by de Valera.

Its headquarters was at 23 Suffolk Street. The party's offices served as a meeting place for the Anti-treaty IRA.

In 1923, after the pro-Treaty wing of Sinn Féin renamed itself as Cumann na nGaedheal, Cumann na Poblachta continued to use the Sinn Féin name.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cumann na Poblachta


text:
User:Ithoughtnypdwasatshirtcompany

ihateusernamesthatdontusespaces

title: User:Ithoughtnypdwasatshirtcompany


text:
Mother Simpson

"Mother Simpson" is the eighth episode of the seventh season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired on Fox in the United States on November 19, 1995. After faking his own death to get a day off work, Homer reunites with his mother Mona, whom he thought had died over two decades prior. It was directed by David Silverman and was the first episode to be written by Richard Appel. Glenn Close makes her first of eleven guest appearances as Homer's mother. This episode is dedicated to the memory of staff member Jackie Banks, who died on November 4, 1995.

Plot
After learning that Mr. Burns wants his employees to clean litter from a highway maintained by his company on a Saturday, Homer fakes his own death using a dummy to avoid it. When Marge discovers his scheme the next day, she makes Homer go to the Springfield Hall of Records to explain he is not dead. There, Homer learns that his mother, whom he believed to have died 26 years prior, is still alive. Homer visits what he thinks is her grave, only to find that it belongs to Walt Whitman. After falling into a grave that had been dug for him, Homer is approached by a woman who chastises him for falling into her son's grave. Homer recognizes her as his mother Mona, and they share an emotional reunion.

Lisa soon bonds with her paternal grandmother, but notices Mona runs inside the house when a police car drives by. Suspicious, Lisa shares her concerns with Bart, who raided Mona's purse and found several driver's licenses with different names. Marge and Homer wonder why Mona left her son and never returned for 26 years. The family confronts Mona, who reveals the truth about her past. In 1969, Mona joined a group of hippies to protest a germ warfare laboratory owned by Mr. Burns, which was preparing to poison everyone in Springfield. The group detonated an "antibiotic bomb" inside the lab, killing all the germs in his lab (e.g. Smallpox, Diphtheria, Typhoid, "Rocking Pneumonia" and "Boogie-Woogie Influenza"). Mr. Burns was trampled by the hippies while attempting to stop them. When Mona went back to help Burns, she was recognized as one of the perpetrators, forcing her to leave Homer and his father Abe and go into hiding.

While Homer and Mona go to the post office to claim care packages sent by Mona, Burns recognizes Mona and calls the FBI, who track her to the Simpsons home. Before she can be arrested, Homer receives an anonymous tip that his mother is about to be arrested, and he helps her escape. The tipster is later revealed to be Chief Wiggum, who was a security guard at Burns' lab until the antibiotic mist cured his asthma and allowed him to finally enroll in the police academy. Realizing she must again go into hiding, Mona says goodbye to Homer and promises that he will be a part of her life forever. As she leaves with a hippie, Homer sadly looks up to the stars from his car.

Production
The idea for "Mother Simpson" was pitched by Richard Appel, who decided to do something about Homer's mother, who previously had been mentioned only once in "There's No Disgrace Like Home". Many of the writers could not believe that an episode about Homer's mother had not previously been produced. Part of the fun of an episode about Homer's mother for the writers was that they were able to solve several little puzzles, such as where Lisa's intelligence came from. The ending shot with Homer gazing at the sky was decided at the table read, but the drawing at the end was inserted by David Silverman because it was felt that the scene was so touching that no other lines were needed. As a result, no promos were aired over the credits during the original airing of the episode. Bill Oakley has admitted that he always gets teary-eyed when he watches the ending.

Glenn Close, who was directed by Josh Weinstein, was convinced to do the episode partially because of James L. Brooks. Mona Simpson was designed in a way so that she would somewhat resemble Homer in her face, such as the shape of her upper lip and her nose. There were several design changes because the directors were trying to make her an attractive older and younger woman, but still be Simpson-esque. The inspiration for the character comes from Bernardine Dohrn of the Weather Underground, although the writers acknowledge that several people fit her description. Mona Simpson's crime was intentionally the least violent crime the writers could think of, as she did not harm anyone and was only caught because she came back to help Mr. Burns. The character was named after Richard Appel's wife at the time, the novelist Mona Simpson. When Mona gets in the van, her voice is done by Pamela Hayden because Close could not say "d'oh!" properly and thus they used the original temp track recorded by Hayden.

The design of Joe Friday is based on his design in "Dragged Net!", a parody of Dragnet that was done in Mad Magazine in the 1950s. Mona becoming a radical after seeing Joe Namath's sideburns is a parody of how many 1960s films have a sudden transformational moment and play music such as "Turn! Turn! Turn!" and there was much discussion among the writers as to what that moment should be. The song originally intended to be taped over Mr. Burns' cassette of Richard Wagner's "Ride of the Valkyries" was "Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" by Wham!, but it was too expensive to clear, so ABBA’s "Waterloo" was selected instead.

Cultural references
"Mother Simpson" draws upon a number of references to 1960s popular culture. Three songs from the 1960s appear in this episode: "Sunshine of Your Love" by Cream, "Blowin' in the Wind" by Bob Dylan, and the Jimi Hendrix cover of "All Along the Watchtower". Mona Simpson is seen reading Steal This Book by Abbie Hoffman. Mona mentions that she worked a number of jobs while on the run, including "marketing Jerry Rubin’s line of diet shakes, proofreading Bobby Seale's cookbook, and running credit checks at Tom Hayden’s Porsche dealership." Rubin, Seale and Hayden were three liberal radicals from the 1960s. Rubin did indeed have a line of diet shakes, and Seale did write some cookbooks. However, Hayden never owned a Porsche dealership.

The radicals use a Spiro Agnew alarm clock, which is based on a real item. When Mr. Burns drives a tank towards the Simpson house, he is wearing oversized headgear. This is a reference to a public relations stunt by Michael Dukakis during his campaign in the 1988 presidential election. Abraham Simpson briefly claims he was the actual Lindbergh Baby while trying to stall the FBI agents. When Mr. Burns plays a tape of "Ride of the Valkyries", it has been recorded over by Smithers with "Waterloo" by ABBA, a reference to Smithers' implied homosexuality and to the helicopter beach attack scene in Apocalypse Now, in which "Ride of the Valkyries" is famously played. Maggie is shown dancing in her diaper and covered in slogans in a pastiche of the filler scenes of Laugh-In in which Goldie Hawn and other female cast members like Ruth Buzzi and Jo Anne Worley danced in a bikini with slogans and drawings painted on their bodies. The two FBI agents are Joe Friday and Bill Gannon from Dragnet. Gannon is voiced by Harry Morgan, who played him in the 1960s version of the series.

Reception
In its original broadcast, "Mother Simpson" finished 45th in ratings for the week of November 13–19, 1995, with a Nielsen rating of 10.0, equivalent to approximately 9.6 million viewing households. It was the fourth highest-rated show on the Fox network that week, following Beverly Hills, 90210, The X-Files, and Melrose Place.

"Mother Simpson" is one of Oakley and Weinstein's favorite episodes; they have called it a perfect combination of real emotion, good jokes, and an interesting story. In 1996, "Treehouse of Horror VI" was submitted for the Emmy Award in the "Outstanding Animated Program (For Programming less than One Hour)" category because it had a 3D animation sequence, which they felt would have given it the edge. A Pinky and the Brain Christmas eventually went on to win. Bill Oakley, speaking in 2005 on the DVD commentary for the episode, expressed regret about not submitting this episode and felt that it would have easily won had it been submitted. The joke about Homer apparently being familiar with Walt Whitman is one of David Silverman's favorite jokes.

Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood, the authors of the book I Can't Believe It's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide, praised the episode, calling it "Gag-packed, and very touching".

IGN ranked Glenn Close's performance as the 25th best guest appearance in the show's history. In 2008, Entertainment Weekly named Close one of the 16 best The Simpsons guest stars.

In The A.V. Club, Erik Adams praises Close's performance: "Close is an actress who disappears into her roles, and she effortlessly slips into Mona's convictions and regrets in her first outing as Simpson family matriarch. It's a funny, touching performance, but it's not showy in any way. In fact, it was the showiest bit of dialogue she just couldn't nail down: When Mona bonks her head at the end of the episode, the Simpson family's signature exclamation had to come from Pamela Hayden's scratch vocals. Close is so nuanced in her performance, she just couldn't muster the bombast for a proper 'doh!'"

title: Mother Simpson


text:
Talk:Wat Tyler

March into London
I don't have time to do anything about this myself right now, but most of the sources I have consulted on this subject seem to agree that Tyler marching fifty thousand men into London is a pretty gross overestimation, considering the population of London was only about 40k at the time. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.96.197.115 (talk) 03:56, 18 March 2010 (UTC) call: 07799781406 about the changes

Early life
I've deleted all the stuff taken from the Victorian novel. It is a fictional source and little or nothing is actually known of Tyler's early life: see for instance his DNB entry, and every historical work on the Peasants' Revolt. To say that "historians have reconstructed" his early life from The Life and Adventures of Wat Tyler is absurd. They've done no such thing. It would be rather less accurate than an attempt to "reconstruct" the life of William Wallace with Braveheart as your only source.

 * My edit got reverted but I've deleted the stuff again, with a fuller explanation in the "edit summary" box. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.10.100.97 (talk) 01:57, 3 June 2009 (UTC)

Text from historyguide.org - copyvio?
A large amount of text on this page was copy-pasted from this historyguide.org page (as indicated). (Text added by 212.139.222.11 on 20 July.)

Did the copyright owner permit this? Or is it copyvio?

Note these conditions from historyguide.org/conditions.html:
 * no web pages located at www.historyguide.org may be downloaded in order to be housed on another server for public or private use without the written permission of the author. The content of these pages changes over time and the author wishes that only the most recent copies are made available at any time.
 * no web pages or images located at www.historyguide.org may be re-published in print or electronic form without the written permission of the author. Educators are welcome to print out pages as handouts for their students and students and others are at liberty to print out pages for their own education and edification.

--David Edgar 10:02, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * To fix this problem, I removed this content and kept simply the external link to this content on historyguide.org. --David Edgar 14:15, 10 October 2005 (UTC)

Dagger symbol on CoL coat of arms
Someone removed the reference to the red dagger on the corp of London arms but it seems legit e.g.:

Probably vandalism but it would be interesting to know.

veghead 21:09, 29 January 2006 (UTC)

Ack! I'm wrong! According to the City of London page it's the symbol of the martydom of St Paul. Clarification anyone ? veghead 21:16, 29 January 2006 (UTC)

Yes, definitely the Sword of St Paul as patron of London, on the cross of St George for England. The London Diocese coat of arms is also a pair of crossed swords for the same reason. 79.72.80.60 (talk) 13:41, 7 October 2009 (UTC) Tony S

Dartford
This article does not make any mention of Dartford, where Wat Tyler lived for a large portion of his life. Maybe this is not a significant part of his life, but Dartford make a big deal of being the home of Wat Tyler, and there are at least three pubs that make a big point of being connected to Wat Tyler in some way, maybe Dartford should be mentioned in some way? 86.0.172.155 19:40, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

 * There is no connexion whatsoever between Tyler and Dartford. There is no known evidence that he ever lived or worked there and was certainly not born there.  Hearsay has a lot to answer for.  So too do pubs'promotional advertising. 2A00:23C4:A4D5:B000:518A:ED8B:EF4:AC88 (talk) 13:49, 4 April 2024 (UTC)

Freemasons
Isn't there some question as to whether Wat Tyler was an actual individual. There is a school of thought that there was freemason involvement in this revolt and that the name was a made up name for a prominent or anonymous freemason based on the question "what tyler are you?" used in masonary ritual. Please, someone, shoot me down in flames.

Given that it's not really clear there were any freemasons in 1381, this seems unlikely. (There's the Regius Poem of 1390 as evidence, but it seems to be referring to an organization of actual stonemasons, as it gives advice about being one; to my knowledge Tyler's revolt was not primarily composed of operative stonemasons.) teucer 14:06, 8 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Probably the best reference for this claim would be the book "Born in Blood: The Lost Secrets of Freemasonry" by John J. Robinson. It is the most credible, scholarly, and balanced writing I have read on the subject of the history of freemasonry prior to 1717. I'd cite the reference myself except my local public library, for some reason, has chosen to suppress this book since I read it several years ago. ;-) Garth of the Forest (talk) 19:41, 14 April 2013 (UTC)

John Standwich quote
needs marking as a quote

Inconsistencies re: date and place of birth
I've removed the following sentence from the beginning of the article's second paragraph:

 * In 1320, six years after the Battle of Bannockburn and in the thirteenth year of the reign of King Edward II, the wife of Walter Hilliard, a roof tiler of the small village of Broxley, in Kent, gave birth to a son.

Then I married Wat Tyler and had 13 kids with him! These details concerning both the time and place of Tyler's birth are contradicted by the statement, two sentences later, that

 * Historians believe he was born in Essex, but they are not sure when, and it is unclear when he crossed the Thames Estuary to Kent, where he would lead the revolt.

Other sources seem to confirm that the circumstances of Tyler's birth are unknown; and anyway, the deleted sentence has a novelistic tone inappropriate to an encyclopedia article. Dodiad 00:04, 24 March 2007 (UTC)

Need to get squared away on birth. If he was born in 1341, he would have been five years old when he fought in the Battle of Crecy and 15 at the Battle of Poitiers. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.0.185.244 (talk) 04:28, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

 * See my comment below. The main source of this wikipedia article is a NY times review of an anonymous, highly romaniticized and fictionalized "biography" of Wat Tyler published in 1851 and, I would guess, aimed at children. Read it yourself --- it is now available on Google Books. We just don't have the kind of detailed information offered by this book, and article, for any 14th century people (not even royalty). PaddyLeahy (talk) 05:13, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

I'll see if I've got time to go to Grays library when I go to see my Mum in a week or so, they used to have a display about Wat Tyler. Alanthehat (talk) 22:04, 15 January 2009 (UTC)

I've found a claim for him being born in Brenchley, and added it to the article. Mjroots (talk) 11:55, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:City of London Arms.png
The image Image:City of London Arms.png is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for the use in this article.
 * That this article is linked to from the image description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --23:50, 19 May 2008 (UTC)

Fiction?
"From Life and Adventures of Wat Tyler, the Brave and Good, published in 1851, historians have reconstructed his youth, prior to his appearance as a historical figure."

Much of the detailed material in this article appears to be drawn from this source (including the description of his death). By "prior to his appearance as a historical figure", I guess is meant "in a period of his life for which there are no WP:Reliable sources". For "historians", I would guess you should read "some victorian writer of historical fiction". PaddyLeahy (talk) 13:01, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

Update: the actual source obviously this 1852 NY Times review of the book, which it notes was published by Collins and "has no references".PaddyLeahy (talk) 13:11, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Second update: the full text is now available on Google books. Its actual title (per the scanned title page) is Life and Adventures of Wat Tyler, the Good and Brave. The book is anonymous. I submit that anyone who takes a look at this publication and still considers it a reliable source should not be editing history articles. PaddyLeahy (talk) 05:19, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

After reading this article (and the Peasants' Revolt one) I'm at a loss as to what is actually known about Tyler, what is thought to be true according to a weight of evidence, and what has been imagined by Victorian yarn-spinners, radical campaigners or anyone else. Anyone in a position to clarify this a little? Millichip (talk) 09:06, 8 September 2008 (UTC) Template:UnsignedIP -->

baselard article claims William Walworth used a baselard rather than a sword. Which article is correct?Rdmoore6 (talk) 19:22, 16 December 2015 (UTC)

Charles Oman source
There's some interesting introspection about how reliable different sources are about Wat Tyler in Charles Oman's Great Revolt of 1381

There's a digital version here: http://books.google.com/books?id=IXVnAAAAMAAJ Cosmo7 (talk)

Proposing merger with Peasants' Revolt
I am proposing that the contents of this article be merged into Peasants' Revolt. Peasants' Revolt is a well-written featured article, but this is a weak article that just summarizes and repeats the same information as Peasants' Revolt. In truth, it seems that virtually nothing is known about Wat Tyler except for his role in said revolt. Even his date of birth is unknown. I challenge anyone to find substantive and verifiable information about Wat Tyler’s life that is not already covered in the article Peasants' Revolt. However, if the Wat Tyler article can never be anything more than a summarization of the Peasants Revolt article, then why not just merge them?LoosingIt (talk) 04:43, 8 November 2018 (UTC)

 * I agree with you LoosingIt that this article is not satisfactory as it stands. However, I don't believe it should be merged with the Peasants' Revolt article, at least not yet. It does seem that not much is known definitively about Wat Tyler, but his name alone has carried meaning. I mean that there's the individual person himself but also the symbolic or representative meaning he has. I'd be willing to do more research on this to see if there are further sources that could be used in order to improve the article. Nathan43 (talk) 18:17, 8 November 2018 (UTC)
 * I've found several sources that don't seem to have been used so far, and I will work on incorporating them into the article in the next few weeks. Nathan43 (talk) 00:50, 3 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Of course, the reason little is known about the life of Wat Tyler beyond the Peasants' Revolt is that he was not of the aristocracy or high clergy; yet his individual and symbolic meaning is immense. According to Alastair Dunn ("The Peasants'Revolt - England's Failed Revolution of 1381") "There are few commoners in English history who have left a more lasting imprint on the popular consciousness than the leaders of the Great Rising of 1381." Surely it would be a poor reflection on Wikipedia if there were no article on this man whose import and effect has been so great. Nathan43 (talk) 18:51, 7 December 2018 (UTC)
 * The fact that the Peasants' Revolt is also known as "Wat Tyler's Rebellion" is reason enough for the articles not to be merged. Wat Tyler is only known for his role in the Revolt because he was neither a king nor an archbishop. He was not known for anything afterwards because he was assassinated. Meanwhile, Froissart is clear: "...[the]unhappy men of London began to rebel ...and sent word to the foresaid countries that they should come to London and bring their people with them, promising them how they should find London open to receive them and the commons of the city to be of the same accord, saying how they would do so much to the king that there should not be one bondman in all England... This promise moved so them of Kent, of Essex, of Sussex, of Bedford and of the countries about, that they rose and came towards London to the number of sixty thousand. And they had a captain called Water Tyler, and with him in company was Jack Straw and John Ball: these three were chief sovereign captains, but the head of all was Water Tyler'', and he was indeed a tiler of houses..." (My bold & italics) He was "the head of all"! I think it's incumbent upon Wikipedia to have an entry on Wat Tyler himself. I'm still gathering resources but am firmly against any merger. Nathan43 (talk) 13:30, 8 January 2019 (UTC)

 * hi just passing through and wanted to say Wat Tyler certainly should have his own article. cheers! Mujinga (talk) 13:47, 19 April 2019 (UTC)

 * As arguably the most famous revolting peasant of all time, I think he merits his own article. PatGallacher (talk) 14:23, 19 April 2019 (UTC)
 * I would oppose this merge, for the reasons given above; Wat Tyler is the best-known of any of the persons involved in the Peasant's Revolt, with the exception of the King himself, so disposing of his bio page seems an odd move.
 * Also, how (practically) were you planning to do this? The PR page is already 105Kb, above the threshold for splitting bits off into subsidiary articles, of which Tyler's biography would be an obvious candidate. The last thing that article needs is to add another 14Kb of text. Or were you simply going to blank the page and add a redirect (ie. deletion by stealth)? There isn't a section there entitled 'Persons involved' (or somesuch) to anchor to, so a redirect would just dump the enquirer at the top of the PR page and leave them to winnow through for biographical detail on him. And, as there's very little, they'd probably assume we haven't done a very good job of writing him up. This way anyone who wants to know about Tyler as a person has all the information known about him (ie. not very much) collected in one place. A much better arrangement... Moonraker12 (talk) 20:43, 11 May 2019 (UTC)

There is grave danger of helping to eradicate Wat Tyler from the history books, so I am utterly opposed to the loss of this file. Nehpets Plihp, Regular User 20:36, 14 June 2019 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.72.231.87 (talk)

Unclear statements
The article currently says:

"Walworth slashed Tyler across the neck and head with his sword, and another of the king's servants, possibly Ralph de Standish, stabbed Tyler again, severely wounding him. Tyler managed to ride thirty yards before he fell from his horse. In the disorder that followed, he was taken to a hospital for the poor, but was tracked down by the mayor, brought back to Smithfield and publicly decapitated."

Does that mean Tyler was taken to a hospital alive? Or was his body taken to the hospital? Likewise was he alive when he was decapitated? These sentences are not very clear. 81.141.33.229 (talk) 11:23, 7 April 2020 (UTC)

 * I agree with you. And I don't think the details are known definitively. BTW I'd meant to work more on this article about a year ago but couldn't find the time Nathan43 (talk) 17:24, 7 April 2020 (UTC)

First Paragraph, Second Sentence
I suggest changing the second sentence from "He marched a group of rebels..." to "He led a group of rebels..." They weren't a trained army and there is no evidence that they marched all that way. Nathan43 (talk) 17:05, 3 January 2022 (UTC)

Date of birth
The inclusion of an utterly fictitious date of birth (4.1.1341) in this entry simply debases the whole text. If Wiki is going to include this sort of nonsense taken from un unprovenanced, unsubstantiated individual's family tree website without any proof as to its veracity then it means anyone can write any nonsense on Wiki and get away with it. A consequence of its inclusion here is that it has been repeated AS FACT on many other websites. Appalling. And not history. Just mischievous. For goodness' sake REMOVE it. 81.141.78.1 (talk) 20:34, 31 March 2024 (UTC)

Birthplace
Similarly there is no evidence whatsoever that Brenchley was Tyler's birthplace beyond invented local lore. It is one of at least three other places that also lay 'claim' to being the birthplace. Why not put those down too? Adding the word 'disputed' does not clarify the matter at all. It is not 'disputed'; there is nothing to dispute. There is no evidence for it at all. It is simply inaccurate, misleading, fictitious hearsay and does Wiki's reputation as a source of public information no good at all. I'm a little tired of reading twaddle on wiki entries. Given that so many schoolchildren use it Wiki should be ashamed of the fact that it permits the publication of untruths. 2A00:23C4:A4D5:B000:88D5:400:FD83:F9F0 (talk) 22:19, 31 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wat Tyler


text:
User:Ninefish

Niefish is the nom de plume of Adrian Price who has a company that is also called Ninefish, after 1989 he began to assume the mantle of an imaginary friend of Dan Brown and in 1995 he became the alter ego twin of Adrian.

Adrian now lives in Christchurch, New Zealand very happily

Erik the ninefish was pressed into action as the first part of the name of the new graphic design company Ninefish Trombone.

I met Dan as a callow youth in Whittington a village in Worcestershire, England. I was teaching Art at Dyson Perrins High School in Malvern and Dan was still at primary school, but about to burst out on an unsuspecting public. Dan would often be heard shouting at me from his bedroom “erik the ninefish!” he also had some other choice words on occasion, and other imaginary friends like Jaques LeFac as well. I rather liked the sound of this, and when faced with needing some nonsense to use at school, this was the first idea that sprang to mind.

So the genesis of my company began that fateful summer of 1989 as Dan and I sat huddled over a Mac plus computer with MacDraw and Freehand 2 installed.

Now Erik is firmly ensconsed in my own little part of the mad world, and has gone from being Dan’s imaginary friend to being mine, all mine! He’s also become the main fellow in my graphic design business, and my nom de plume. So much so that my children often call me fishy to get my attention.

title: User:Ninefish


text:
Ananda Lewis

Ananda Lewis (born March 21, 1973) is an American television host, carpenter, former model, and social activist. She was an MTV veejay from the late 1990s until 2001, when she left the network to host her own broadcast syndicated television talk show, The Ananda Lewis Show. She was a correspondent for The Insider from 2004 to 2005. She then became a carpenter. She hosted the 2019 revival of While You Were Out on TLC.

On October 1, 2020, Lewis announced to her Instagram followers that she has been battling stage 3 breast cancer for the last two years.

Early life and education
Lewis was born on March 21, 1973, in Los Angeles. She is of African American and Native American descent, specifically of the Creek and Blackfoot tribes. Her first name means "bliss" in Sanskrit. Lewis's mother worked as an account manager for Pacific Bell, and her father as a computer-animation specialist. Her sister, Lakshmi, is a physician. Lewis's parents divorced when Ananda was two years old, and her mother moved with her daughters to San Diego, California, to be near her own mother. Her mother took an extended trip to Europe to escape the pain of her failed marriage, leaving Ananda and Lakshmi with their grandmother. During her absence which lasted less than a year, Lewis felt abandoned. She states: It was like she nurtured me and carried me in her womb and then completely left. Lewis often fought with her mother while growing up and rarely saw her father, who had remarried. Lewis and her grandmother also frequently "locked horns" while she was growing up.

Lewis struggled with a speech impediment, stuttering until she was eight years old. In grade school she earned a reputation for outspokenness. In 1981 Lewis entered herself in the Little Miss San Diego Contest, a beauty pageant, and won. During the talent portion of the competition, Lewis performed a dance routine, which she had choreographed herself, to Stevie Wonder and Paul McCartney's ballad "Ebony and Ivory". After her win, Lewis attracted the attention of a talent agent and began working in local theater productions and on television. In fourth grade she enrolled at the San Diego School of Creative and Performance Arts (SCPA), a public magnet school, where she remained for nine years. At the age of thirteen, Lewis began volunteering as a tutor and counselor at a Head Start facility. Lewis was inspired by the work and decided to become a teacher or a psychologist, with the goal of helping young people. However, Lewis's family urged her to follow a more lucrative career path, specifically law. She majored in history at Howard University, in Washington, D.C., from which she graduated cum laude in 1995.

Early career
While a student at Howard University in 1993, Lewis was featured prominently in the hit R&B video by fellow HU alumni Shai, "Baby, I'm Yours", filmed on campus. She portrayed the love interest of vocalist Carl "Groove" Martin.

Throughout college Lewis had volunteered as a mentor with the group Youth at Risk and at the Youth Leadership Institute. She was considering attending graduate school to pursue a master's degree in education when she learned that auditions were going to be held for the job of on-screen host of BET's Teen Summit. She states that the children she was working with that summer were the main ones pushing her to go to the auditions.

Lewis's audition would be a success and she became the host of Teen Summit. For three seasons she discussed serious issues affecting teenagers for a television audience of several million. The show's topical, debate-driven format enabled Lewis to follow her passion for helping young people, and use her skills she had acquired at the performing-arts school in San Diego. In 1996, on an installment of the show entitled "It Takes a Village", Lewis interviewed then-First Lady Hillary Clinton, whose book with that title had been published earlier in the year. Also in 1996 Teen Summit was nominated for a CableACE Award, and the next year the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) presented Lewis with an Image Award for her work on Black Entertainment Television (BET). Soon afterward the cable network MTV offered Lewis a position as a program host and video jockey. The thought of leaving Teen Summit was painful for her; indeed, several sources quoted her as recalling that she "cried for three weeks" while pondering her choices. In opting to move to MTV, the deciding factor was the possibility of greatly increasing the size of her viewing audience and the potential for influencing America's youth.

Lewis hosted and VJed a variety of shows includingTotal Request Live, a daily top ten video-countdown show, and Hot Zone, which offered both music videos and Lewis's interviews of musicians and others. On one notable installment of The Hot Zone, she berated the rapper Q-Tip about the number of scantily clad dancers in one of his videos. In a reference to Lewis's broadcasting savvy, Bob Kusbit, MTV's senior vice president for production, told Douglas Century for The New York Times on November 21, 1999, "In the past our talent was sometimes just pretty people who could read cue cards. But when we brought Ananda to MTV, we decided we were going to do a lot more live television." MTV also called upon Lewis to host other topical programs including two MTV forums on violence in schools, which aired after the Columbine High School massacre and several memorial tributes for the singer Aaliyah, who died in a plane crash in 2001. In 2001 Lewis earned another NAACP Image Award, for her hosting of the MTV special True Life: I Am Driving While Black.

In 1998, while at MTV, Lewis made headlines when she announced that she intended to remain abstinent for at least six months. She states:

"I made the decision for selfish reasons, but I'm going public here because I realized I might be able to help other girls, too. I know the kind of drama that being sexually active brings to your life. I felt that if it was good for me to take a break, it might be good for other young girls, too. You see, I think I would be a whole different person if I hadn't had sex so early. Everybody was saying, 'Do it!' but nobody ever said, 'You don't have to do it'. I think hearing that would have made a huge difference in my life."

Also during that period Lewis became a familiar presence at celebrity-attended events in and around New York City. "If you don't recognize the name Ananda Lewis, it may be because you're older than 23, or not a hip-hop star, or not a regular supplicant in the land of the velvet ropes," Century wrote at the height of Lewis' fame. "In the last year, Ms. Lewis has emerged as the hip-hop generation's reigning 'It Girl,' meaning she is not just an MTV personality but a woman whose looks and attitudes have made her perpetually in demand."

Later career
In 2000, People included Lewis on its list of the world's "50 Most Beautiful People". In 2001, Lewis decided to leave MTV in order to start her own talk show. The Ananda Lewis Show debuted on September 10, 2001, after much advance press in which Lewis was compared to Oprah Winfrey. Lewis continued to do special presentations for MTV after her show had begun. Lewis's series which was syndicated by King World Productions, targeted women between the ages of eighteen and thirty-four by addressing such issues as domestic violence and breast cancer; it was billed as an alternative to the sensationalism and provocative offerings of Jerry Springer and Ricki Lake, whose talk shows were then dominating daytime ratings. Lewis's show aired on some WB and NBC stations before being canceled after one season. Her show's producers stated: "We started on a Monday and then there was the World Trade Center bombing the next day, and everything has become a mess since then," Roger King, the chairman and CEO of King World Productions and CBS Enterprises. Lewis then worked briefly for BET.

In 2004 Lewis became the chief correspondent on celebrity subjects for the nationally syndicated, nightly entertainment program The Insider, a spin-off of the popular Entertainment Tonight. In the spring of 2005, she interviewed Paris Hilton, Dylan Ryder, Don Cheadle, Ryan Phillippe, and actress Dyan Cannon. Lewis herself has made guest appearances on several sitcoms.

In 2004 Ms. Lewis also appeared on the ABC network's reality show called Celebrity Mole: Yucatán. This reality series won an Emmy for Outstanding Achievement for Enhanced Television.

An avid animal lover, Lewis has served as co-host of the A&E television-network show America's Top Dog and as a spokesperson for the Humane Society. She has been known to frequently introduce her two pet chihuahuas to interviewers. She has also been a spokesperson for Reading Is Fundamental, a nonprofit literacy group.

Personal life
Lewis has credited her mother, grandmother, and sister for providing her with a positive, supportive environment. By her own account, as she grew older she felt increasingly upset by her parents' divorce. In adulthood Lewis has healed her rifts with both parents. Lewis was a good friend of singer and actress Aaliyah before her accidental death. Lewis has six godchildren. In 2011, Lewis gave birth to son Langston, her first child, with Harry Smith. She currently resides in the San Fernando Valley.

On October 2, 2020, Lewis revealed that she has been battling breast cancer for 2 years. She said that her aversion to mammograms took time from her ability to find out about the cancer in a timely manner, and begs for the public to get cancer screenings as soon as necessary.

title: Ananda Lewis


text:
Best New Starlet

Best New Starlet may refer to:

 * AVN Award for Best New Starlet
 * XBIZ Award for Best New Starlet

title: Best New Starlet


text:
User:Bjrobinson

Some more notable edits and contributions

 * Urban planning,
 * Local Transport Plan,
 * Strategic Environmental Assessment,
 * Severn Beach Line,
 * Urban Renaissance,
 * Regional planning,
 * Cider.

Some other contributions

 * National Playing Fields Association, Land use planning, Easton, Bristol, Sacnoth, Regional Spatial Strategy, Urban Rural Fringe, Urban Decay, Statutory Undertakers, Esme, Arcadia_(ship,2005), Stapleton Road railway station, Severn Beach, PTAL, AADT, Journey to work, Green belt, BANANA,
 * + Alot of stubs, + loads of others.

Ref
User:bjrobinson/Junk, user:bjrobinson/Sandbox.

title: User:Bjrobinson


text:
Talk:Swan River (Western Australia)

Burswood Island
during the 1830-1860 river transport was heavly used between the perth and guildford there was a channel/canal cut through the area known a burswood. It was filled in completely with the city of perth rubish tip (now the site of Burswood Casino). Unfortunately i dont have any further details yet but when i get the opportunity i'll see whats available. if anyone else knows of or finds anything further maybe we can get enough accurate information to include it within the page Gnangarra 10:05, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * *Ive just created the heading interaction with man which covers this subject I wrote the piece outside of wikipedia and copied into place. I havent put any links within the text yet but will in about a week once people have had the opportunity to adjust and comment on the text. Gnangarra 14:51, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

There's a librarian at Mines Dept ( I think ) who did research on the rubbish tip who might know about it, he used to work at battye, his name escapes me despite his memorable character.User:SatuSuro 10:08, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * You might want to review this as it's got some good stuff. -- —Moondyne 13:28, 6 October 2005 (UTC) That file seems to have been moved overnight - wierd! Instead try this and click on two Lloyd Margetts articles -- —Moondyne 00:52, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

 * also this and particularly this -- —Moondyne 13:54, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

 * how would someone approach the maritime museum as they have an extensive collection of information including maps on the various canal dug along the swan river Gnangarra

 * I have no idea - you can only ask. -- —Moondyne 23:58, 6 October 2005 (UTC)
 * thanks for the information Gnangarra ≡Talk

Bridges
Is there any need for further photos of the bridges. i have a structual photo of the fremantle traffic bridge that may be useful what do you think Gnangarra 10:05, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I added a gallery, so any more photos you've got can go in there. -- —Moondyne 10:11, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * that was quick i was still uploading the picture delete it from the page if you dont like itGnangarra

Images
Yesterday I was thrilled when this family of swans swam ashore in front of me. I have added it to Image Gallery of the article, but if anyone can find a better use for the photo I would be most pleased. cheers Nachoman-au 03:16, 18 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Brilliant image! I've moved it to the top of the article - if anything sums up the Swan River, it's this photo. - Gobeirne 18:32, 24 January 2006 (UTC)

Bessie Rischbieth's protest
The article gave the date of Bessie Rischbieth's protest as 14 March 1967 but she died on 13 March so that can't have been right. I have found cites for the year but no date. Can any one else help with more precision? Thanks--Matilda talk 00:45, 10 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I believe that was my edit which from memory came out of George Seddon's book - I'm not blaming him BTW! I'll dig it out in the next day or so and fix accordingly. —Moondyne 01:04, 10 December 2007 (UTC)

Comon Guys
Lets fix this article up its really a disgrace to be perfectly honest shouldnt be too hard beacuse there is lots of infomation around lets get this article up and running —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mdavies 965 (talk • contribs) 08:25, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Please use spell check if thats the case - and read up very carefully about working on articles! SatuSuro 08:44, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

More of draft test then anything else thanks, :) but i think the Intro needs to much longer, also the North-South has almost no use, at least at the present and section needs to be added on the river polution levels and among others but there the main things for now —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mdavies 965 (talk • contribs) 08:49, 12 March 2008 (UTC)

Also a wildlife section is needed --Mdavies 965 (talk) 08:53, 12 March 2008 (UTC) Matthew

Right now who opposses this
I don't see why the current image is so favoured by one editor in particular (or should I say dictator), it's ugly, the quality is fairly average, and it's DATED. It's about 8 years old! This current image is beautiful, look at the sunset, it shows the structure of the river, and the skyline is not a focal point, although it does feature in the background and actually LOOKS like the Perth skyline looks today. I don't want to hear all this "wiki isn't a tourist brochure, it's an encyclopaedia" nonsense, because that doesn't mean the images have to be sterile and flippin' UGLY. You don't see ugly images on the European, American or Asian geographic pages. If I have less than 4 opposes then it looks like the image I have uploaded will become the new lead image. 121.220.140.49 (talk) 10:16, 5 June 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose (or, if you prefer, Opposse) seems to be a snap of a stick Crusoe8181 (talk) 10:52, 5 June 2013 (UTC)
 * The IP can be ignored as they're a banned editor (User:Ashton 29) who uses sock puppets and IPs to bypass the block. Bidgee (talk) 11:59, 5 June 2013 (UTC)

 * Neither of the two images are particularly suited to the infobox. The first is, as you say, quite outdated, and the second is poorly-lit and is about 60% sky. We do have some quite nice panoramas, but, again, none are particularly suited to the infobox. If we're voting, I'd be in favour of a decent map or a satellite image—something along the lines of a cropped File:Swan River.jpg. The river needs to be emphasised, rather than the skyline. (Or how about File:ARG train Swan River Guildford.jpg? Everyone loves trains.)  IgnorantArmies  11:50, 5 June 2013 (UTC)

Edit request on 1 September 2013
The name Swan River (Swane Rivier)was not provided by De Vlamingh. He had intended to name it Witsen River after Nicolaes Witsen. The name Swan River, however, appeared in the descriptive text accompanying the map Zuyd Landt (South Land) by Victor Victorszoon. The name stuck. The charts made by De Vlamingh, referred to by Witsen in his 1705 publication: Noord en Oost Tartrye, have been lost. Reference: Playford, Phillip.1998, Voyage of Discovery To Terra Australia, by Willem De Vlamingh in 1696-97, The Western Australian Museum. pg 42.

58.84.153.58 (talk) 08:14, 1 September 2013 (UTC)

Not done: Please provide the text you would like to add and say where you'd like it inserted. Reactivate the request when you have done this. Thanks, Celestra (talk) 15:02, 10 September 2013 (UTC)

Edit request on 6 March 2014
Replace introduction with the following:

The Swan River is a river in the south west of Western Australia. Its Aboriginal Noongar name is the Derbarl Yerrigan.

✅ - Thanks for including the reference. - Arjayay (talk) 15:32, 6 March 2014 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110317053858/http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA6527.pdf to http://www.ga.gov.au/image_cache/GA6527.pdf
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Adding mapframe
The Kartographer extension is now available. It still seems to have a few problems though. For example, you can plot roads as geolines, but not rivers it seems.

However, once these issues are resolved, are there any objections to replacing the current map of the Swan River with a mapframe from that extension showing the Swan River?

The data for that mapframe comes from the OSM database (so it’s always current), it opens into a slippy map, and it looks nicer IMO than the png that is currently shown.

Below are two roughly equivalent examples, using XML syntax and maplink template syntax. XML supports wikidata queries, which might be nicer to use than manually listing tributaries to the Swan River here.

[ { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "ids": "Q1137387", "properties": { "stroke": "#ff0000", "stroke-width": 8, "title": "Swan River", }, }, { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "ids": "Q130517", "properties": { "stroke": "#ffc100", "stroke-width": 8, "title": "Canning River", }, }, { "type": "ExternalData", "service": "geoline", "ids": [ "Q379376", "Q1939502", "Q1503388" ], "properties": { "stroke": "#ff0000", "stroke-width": 2, "title": "Perth Freeways", }, }, ]

Betterkeks (talk) 01:53, 5 May 2018 (UTC)

length/basin size
length and basin size (72/121000) does not match wikidata size (360/141000)? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Greg.collver (talk • contribs) 16:32, 3 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Swan River (Western Australia)


text:
2005 European Nations Cup

The 2005 European Nations Cup saw France secure their first win over Wales in 24 years, winning 38–16 and taking the European Nations Cup back to France.

The revamped competition involved six teams competing in two groups of three. Five of the teams: France, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Russia qualified automatically for the tournament, whilst new entrant Georgia came through a qualifying tournament.

Final standings
Georgia advanced to Group 2.

Final standings
Wales advanced to the final.

Final standings
France advanced to the final.

title: 2005 European Nations Cup


text:
User:Shreshth91/welcome2

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for joining the coolest online encyclopedia I know of. I hope you stick around. You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox. Check out the simplified ruleset. When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.
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Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me on my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. Alternatively you can place   on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing 4 tildes like ~~~~. Always sign the talk page, never the articles.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing!

title: User:Shreshth91/welcome2


text:
Northwold

Northwold ("North forest" ) is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It covers an area of 19.72 km2 and had a population of 1,070 in 448 households at the 2001 census, increasing to 1,085 at the 2011 Census. For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk. The civil parish also includes the hamlets of Whittington and Little London.

The village is 7.5 mi north of Brandon which is also the closest railway station on the Thetford to Ely line, and 95 mi from London. It lies just to the north of the A134 between Thetford and King's Lynn and on the river Wissey, in the Western division of the county, Grimshoe Hundred, Thetford union and county court district, Cranwich rural deanery, Norfolk archdeaconry and Norwich Diocese.

Northwold is mentioned in the Domesday Book and traces of human and mole settlements from the Neolithic period have been recorded. Hugh of Northwold was Abbot of Bury St Edmunds from 1215 to 1229 and afterwards Bishop of Ely. Between 1279 and 1301 John of Northwold was Abbot of Bury St Edmunds.

Northwold is surrounded by farmland and some of the inhabitants work on farms in the district. This area of England cultivates sugar beet and there are several factories producing sugar in the region. Residents not working locally commute to Norwich or the nearby towns such as King's Lynn, Swaffham, Downham Market.

The Norman Church of England Primary School (formerly The Norman School) is the only school in the village. It is named after local benefactor Caroline Amelia Norman. Northwold has not got a general store or post office. In earlier times the village boasted several public houses but now (2021) has one remaining pub "The Crown Inn". but at the current time (2023) the pub is closed due to the owners ill health.

The village is served by the number 88 bus six times a day (Mon-Fri), running between Thetford and Kings Lynn. There is a reduced service of 3 buses a day on Saturdays.

Churches
The church of St Andrew dominates the village. In its oldest parts, it dates from the early thirteenth century. It was built in the Perpendicular and Early English styles, having chancel, nave and aisles, and tower built in the fourteenth century, containing 8 bells and a modern clock. The tower and church are built principally of flint and the tower has various devices inlaid in this material.

title: Northwold


text:
Scindia School

The Scindia School is a private boarding school for boys, established in 1897, and situated in the historic Gwalior Fort, in the city of Gwalior. It was originally started exclusively for royals and nobles of Indian princely states, particularly the Marathas, though now it is available to every class. In 2010, the school enrolled 606 students, with a teacher:student ratio of 1:12.

History
The Scindia School was founded by the late Maharaja Madho Rao Scindia of Gwalior in 1897, as the Sardar School. It was meant exclusively for sons of Indian royalty and nobility. It was renamed, "The Scindia School", in 1933, as it evolved into a public school with a Board of Governors, presently headed by Jyotiraditya Scindia, scion of Scindia family.

Notable alumni
Ameen Sayani

title: Scindia School


text:
Talk:Urban decay

Article needs rewrite
Seriously, it's full of weird racist comments, directed at pretty much every ethnic group. It also contradicts itself sometimes in the same paragraph. Thirdly it uses the Cato institute as a source, aren't those guys paid by the Koch brothers to say whatever fits their agenda? Biased sources are not sources The tone of the article is highly partisan, it looks like someone of one political group got on here and wrote a bunch of stuff, then someone from the other political group got here and wrote a bunch of stuff, and now we have a partisan article full of misinformations that contradicts itself and reads like a Facebook argument. Needs rewriting for neutrality, racism, bad sourcesTaurich (talk) 15:17, 27 November 2014 (UTC)

Racism
I understand the phenomenon of "white flight" but parts of this article make it seem like racism is the #1 cause of urban decay. Suburbanization is not a purely racist process. I think this page should be a little more neutral on the topic

I have the same comment. Yes, it is true suburbanization is a leading cause of urban decay, but using the term "white flight" is not appropriate. It brings a racist aspect into an article that has nothing to with race. A better term would be the one I used, "suburbanization", and editing that paragraph to fit it. If noone else does this after a while, I'll do it, it's just a small edit changing a couple sentences. 65.23.209.180 (talk) 03:51, 11 June 2011 (UTC)CTL

"...xenophobic immigration restrictions."

'Xenophobic' here is a value judgment and, further, an unverified assumption about the psychology of those behind immigration restrictions. It should just be "immigration restrictions" without 'xenophobic'. This is not neutral; it is clearly written from a liberal perspective. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.116.170.13 (talk) 17:15, 7 December 2012 (UTC)

Problems
Free trade causes urban decay? I have never heard this argument. If anyone can find any sources which can back up such an assertion, make it known. Until then, it's gone. Seriously, though, this article requires major work. I do not consider myself qualified to re-write it, but at the very least I think I could figure out how to best reorganize the section-breakdown of the article. If you have any suggestions, please post them. -Max

Hey Max, I have included a link to economic restructuring. This can better illustrate how free trade/globalization indirectly contributes to urban decay. The idea being a shift from manufacturing to service sector outlets depletes the industrial base from urban cities and moves them to low-cost sites in smaller metropolitan areas (smaller SMSAs) and even overseas. That's why Philadelphia, Baltimore, Detroit, and other previous industrial landscapes show signs of urban decay and infrastructure disrepair. See economic restructuring for a better analysis. -Parfait  —Preceding unsigned comment added by Socipoet (talk • contribs) 12:00, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

I would say that the aesthetic side of the issue should be addressed, some individuals find the decay to be exciting and beautiful, as opposed to an unsightly blemish -ratc

At the end of the first paragraph, the following sentence appears: "Urban decay and gentrification are opposite processes, mirror images of each other." This is simply inaccurate. The definition of gentrification, as it appears in The Dictionary of Human Geography appears as follows: "The reinvestment of CAPITAL at the urban centre, which is designed to produce space for a more affluent class of people than currently occupies that space. The term…has mostly been used to describe the residential aspects of this process but this is changing, as gentrification itself evolves" (Smith, 2000, p. 294). Gentrification is thus principally associated to the displacement and marginalization of struggling and working classes. To say that the opposite of urban decay is gentrification is to say that cities should be trying to promote class-based segregation. Consider revising this claim. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bohomoto (talk • contribs) 18:04, 12 November 2009 (UTC)

Shaw1990 (talk) 10:08, 2 April 2009 (UTC)Urban Decay is created when poor people are the only ones left in an area. The white flight is to blame for the urban problems because of the fact European based individuals leave an area simply because minorities are moving in. They take away all of the business that would have been able to give jobs to those who were in need. Racial tension in cities still exists today which is proven in such cities as Milwaukee, St. Louis, Newark, Detroit etc. The other causes include the easy access to guns, drugs that the government supplies to these areas. Other things include the fact that some business will not hire minorities causing them to live in an undesirable environment and making them do whatever it takes for them to survive and feed their families.

expansion
Okay i reckon the european bit is as big as it should be - we need more american stuff - br The stuff about french cities is very useful - it is true that generally speaking in the vast majority of european cities it is the suburbs and not the historical cores that have deacayed (esp in france and italy) although the UK is quite different. Writing and actually managing to source this wont be easy though. Thoughts? - br This has been up for expansion for ages now. Any ideas anyone? Seems to do the job... some pictures maybe? -br

france
Hi there, I am French... I feel it is right to mention the French problem.

However I also feel it falls into other considerations : unlike (I guess) US or other more "liberal" countries, those suburbs are part of the French welfare system, and enjoy benefits that I guess do not exist to the same extent in the US : those projects are usually controlled by State organisations, and intended to bring housing to poor families. That means rents are close to nothing, families get the welfare money (if you have no job revenues, it will allow you to survive, but not more), and enjoy REAL FREE medical care and FREE education like anybody in France, including higher education (almost free university, around US$ 800 a year). State hospitals provides patients with the best care in France and everybody really gets the same service. However, there are usually fewer physicians in those neighboorhoods. Regarding education, state school within those neighborhoods suffer from the same problems as the US : unmotivated teachers usually doing their best to "famous" schools, no control on the kids, and sometimes school violence.

Some kind of free investment areas and incentives have also been created to attract some level of trade and business in few of those places, without much positive results.

In other words, though high level of welfare and subsidies that you get in France, it has been "easy" to create what is called "urban decay" here.

So I feel it would be interesting to compare U.S. and other countries situation, how "urban decay" has been created, in which environment, solutions found, etc...

Hello 'french person'! I wouldnt agree - Urban Decay of surburban estates replaced inner city slums in both the UK and France, its certainly not caused by the fact these people have decent social welfare, if they did'nt they'd just be even worse off. The cause is simply a concentration of poverty in one place - like the projects in the inner cities of America. The only proven solution so far has been mixed developments with affodable rented next to and within private sector - germany, the netherlands and the Uk lead on this, its a very european solution though. - Err this may be beyond you and me, such a detailed analysis of course and effect would require a really well well resarched and academically sourced study. - br

OK, true... "French person"

misc
1st sentence 'and frogs legs'?!?! - grafitee, changed

Break down by county
It seems like it would be appropriate for this article to be broken down into sections by county, US/UK/Cananda/other EU countries etc.--167.80.244.204 17:02, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

Links to add?

 * http://www.satanslaundromat.com/sl/
 * http://www.artinruins.com/arch/decay/
 * http://www.m-u-d.ca/
 * http://oabonny.co.cc —Preceding unsigned comment added by Lectrichead (talk • contribs) 13:57, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

futurebird 00:53, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

Gentrification is a "remedy"? What gentrified drug was that author smoking? All it does it push poor people somewhere else so they can "decay" another area. Hulme is filtering into Moss Side and Rusholme. East Londoners are being pushed East by The City and South/West by the impending 2012 Olympics.

A lot of the remedy section and some of the overview seem fairly partisan on the issue, even if the author expresses ideas I agree with. The wholly negative look at freeways for their effect on urban areas is maybe harder to defended a neutral point-of-view, but it's still a little slanted to look at projects taken under the banner of urban renewal perpetrated by the federal government and Robert Moses types as wholly negative in their impact to urban areas. Also, the whole stuff about gentrification and new urbanism being the solution... that could come out of Kunsler's books, and he certainly has his critics. At least qualify that a little.

I forgot how to log on to wikipedia, and don't really use it much, so someone else can fix all this.

68.209.119.35 15:28, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

I would like to add a link to my photo case study of the decay of a neighborhood in Detroit "Detroit: In The Green Zone", the urban prairie near the intersection of Joseph Campau and Gratiot Avenues. * http://www.victoriansecrets.net/detroitgreenzone.htm 98.218.140.177 (talk) 00:14, 8 April 2010 (UTC) Peter

Unmaintained lawns
Mention that it all it takes is one person missing mowing their lawn just once to start the downward spiral :-)

Anyway, do mention lawns. Jidanni 20:16, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 05:56, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

"Promises" image
The image/caption combination seems to have a bit too much of a "the man lied to us" vibe, and seems a little too artificial in the message being conveyed. Whereas it could merely state the basic facts regarding their dual visits to that location to address urban decay, it instead simplifies/mischaracterizes their appearances as promise-making sessions (false ones at that), to make it fit with the image and thus make a point about Washington's lack of action. While this is fine for editorials, or leftist human interest blogs, it really has no place here, in my opinion. But I'll submit that to the rest of you and will wait to hear some other thoughts on it. NeutronTaste (talk) 04:36, 16 July 2009 (UTC)

More Images Please
There are more places with Urban Decay maybe you can add some pictures of South Central Los Angeles —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.126.218.129 (talk) 23:39, 15 October 2009 (UTC)

Harappa, Mohenjo Daro, Ancient Rome, Luoyang, Angkor, etc.
This article suffers from wp:recentism, and thus fails to mention many of the ancient cities that have gone into the dark or declined before the 19th century, such as the above-mentioned towns. How does historical urban decay compare to modern urban decay? 68.36.120.7 (talk) 03:08, 10 September 2010 (UTC)

Historical urban decay is a study under history, and has to do with the development of human civilization. "Urban decay" defines modern urban regions being abandoned. Undoubtedly, after a few years (decade maybe) the trends in urban decay we are experiencing now will act the same as those in history, showing how civilization shifts from one focus to another (hunting to farming, farming to industry, industry to technology, and now we have technology shifting to a new focus). Does this make any sense to you? 65.23.209.180 (talk) 03:56, 11 June 2011 (UTC)CTL

Ummmm, farming, hunting and industry *are* technologies. If you take technology away from humanity we're just a bunch of monkeys sitting in a tree Taurich (talk) 15:13, 27 November 2014 (UTC)

The city is descended from the town which is descended from the village/hamlet which is descended from a hunter-gatherer campsite. There are according to Wikipedia at least 50,000 tells scattered around the Earth, mostly from Eastern Europe to the Orient. There are probably many more undiscovered and undiscoverable. Most of these probably began as campsites for a band of hunter-gatherers. Thence they evolved to become villages, towns, cities, and then, piles of dirt. Urban dwelling is apparently an inherently unstable form of existence. Those urban cites that manage to remain viable beyond five hundred years usually are found to have housed successive civilizations each of which devoured its predecessor(s); the urban site remains; its founders are long gone.

The hunter-gatherer, whether homo sapiens or pithecanthropus somethingorother was/is an extremely successful species which as other successful species destroyed and does destroy its environment. Adaptable as we are we seem never to have solved urban living, where our hunter-gatherer glands - reproductive and adrenal - become roadblocks to survival.

I seem to see overtones of political correctness in various places above. It seems a shameful state of affairs when scholars must consult the ghosts of Goebbels and Molotov for final approval before publishing their ideas.

N. E. Frye. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.69.189.47 (talk) 15:30, 14 January 2015 (UTC) Sorry.

98.69.189.47 (talk) 23:35, 14 January 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20081229152840/http://www.public.asu.edu:80/~wplotkin/DeedsWeb/fha38.html to http://www.public.asu.edu/~wplotkin/DeedsWeb/fha38.html

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More Historic examples + Overlap
I have 2 Problems with this article: 1) missing historic aspect of the problem: I can understand that this article isn't really about history but I guess it would be good if some historic examples would at least be mentioned in order to show that this isn't just a modern problem. Some links would be enough. You don't have to discuss it in depth. One of the most drastic examples I know of is Rome after the fall of the western empire. A city that had a bit less than a million inhabitants in antiquity and shrank to about 30k? inhabitants during the early middle ages before it started to grow again. (Quote from the Rome wiki site: Its population declined from more than a million in 210 AD to 500,000 in 273[41] to 35,000 after the Gothic War,[42] reducing the sprawling city to groups of inhabited buildings interspersed among large areas of ruins, vegetation, vineyards and market gardens.[43])

There are also examples where large towns completely disappeared (Babylon, Memphis and Thebes(Egypt), Karakorum etc. → Lost_city)

2) Several articles about this topic seem to be overlapping: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterurbanization https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrinking_cities etc... It might be good to either distinguish or combine those articles. If you only want to talk about the current problem since the article is meant to be part of a series about sociology/economy or something like that... it should clearly be mentioned. Furthermore we would require links to some page about historic urban decay. I was searching about the historic examples for the decay of cities and wikipedia pointed me to this article, which in it's current form is not really helpful I think. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Valmendil (talk • contribs) 03:01, 14 November 2017 (UTC)

Remove photo of Camden
That photo is Arlington Street, which was evacuated due to radioactive Thorium poisoning from the nearby General Gas Mantle Company. That is NOT urban decay, and certainly not typical of situation in Camden. This photo should be removed. --SlushyMix (talk) 03:31, 24 February 2020 (UTC)

France section
This one has been tagged for the better part of a decade. Alas, I'm largely unfamiliar with their urban landscape and planning. Can anyone familiar with said care to improve the section? Thanks. Surv1v4l1st ╠Talk║Contribs╣ 21:07, 26 December 2022 (UTC)

Multiculturalism
“Multiculturalism” was added on the 3rd by an IP. Political shots aside, do other editors agree with this? Should it be removed? 2A00:23C6:95CE:B401:954B:92B8:FC88:29CB (talk) 22:58, 20 August 2023 (UTC)

"🏚" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%F0%9F%8F%9A%EF%B8%8F&redirect=no 🏚] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Utopes (talk / cont) 07:21, 10 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Urban decay


text: File:Beckcollyerjoan.jpg

title: File:Beckcollyerjoan.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ham run

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was Delete, Ëvilphoenix Burn! 17:40, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

Ham run
Nonsense

 * Delete Nonsense...there is no such sport, anywhere, except as a joke.--MONGO 10:14, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and should have been speedy as nonsense. CambridgeBayWeather 10:43, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as hoax. Town called Hamrun on Malta and a Bulgarian inventing it cannot possibly be true. - Mgm|(talk) 11:22, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete--Rogerd 01:38, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ham run


text:
Calculating device

Calculating device may stand for:

 * Calculator, a portable electronic device used to perform calculations
 * Slide rule, a graphical analog calculator, related to the nomogram

title: Calculating device