text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/Hot/C3/Chab-Chap

Chab-Chai

 * 1) Chablis
 * 2) Chabruma
 * 3) Chaco Boreal
 * 4) Chaco
 * 5) Chaconne and passacaglia
 * 6) Chadds Ford
 * 7) Chaetodermomorpha
 * 8) Chaetonotida
 * 9) Chafer
 * 10) Chaff and winnow
 * 11) Chagai
 * 12) Chahar
 * 13) Chaillu Massif
 * 14) Chaim Bermant - historian of Anglo Jewry, 1929-1998
 * 15) Chaim Rabin
 * 16) Chain compound
 * 17) Chain printer
 * 18) Chain reaction (chemistry)
 * 19) Chain reaction (physics)
 * 20) Chain snake
 * 21) Chained list
 * 22) Chaitanya

Chak-Chal

 * 1) Chaka
 * 2) Chakossi
 * 3) Chakravartin
 * 4) Chalcidian League
 * 5) Chalcidius
 * 6) Chalcotrichite
 * 7) Chaldaean rite
 * 8) Chalicotherium
 * 9) Chalk Drawing
 * 10) Challenge–response
 * 11) Chalna
 * 12) Chalybite

Cham

 * 1) Cham
 * 2) Chamaepeuce
 * 3) Chamber Process
 * 4) Chamber Sonata
 * 5) Chambersburg
 * 6) Chambly
 * 7) Chambre Des Comptes
 * 8) Chambre Des Enquetes
 * 9) Chambre Des Requetes
 * 10) Chameleons
 * 11) Chamic languages
 * 12) Chaminuka
 * 13) Chamosite
 * 14) Champac
 * 15) Champfleury
 * 16) Champleve
 * 17) Champlevé

Chan

 * 1) Chan I
 * 2) Chan II
 * 3) Chan Painting
 * 4) Chan-chiang

Chana-Chand

 * 1) Chanakkale
 * 2) Chancay
 * 3) Chancel
 * 4) Chancelade Skeleton
 * 5) Chancre
 * 6) Chandler
 * 7) Chandpur
 * 8) Chandrasekhar Mass Limit
 * 9) Chandrasekhar Mean Opacity

Chang-Chank

 * 1) Chang Chih-tung
 * 2) Chang Chu-Cheng
 * 3) Chang Hsien-Chung
 * 4) Chang-chia-k'ou
 * 5) Chang
 * 6) Changamire Dynasty
 * 7) Changamire
 * 8) Changbai
 * 9) Changchow
 * 10) Changde
 * 11) Change file
 * 12) Change request
 * 13) Changes in English Pronunciation (table)
 * 14) Changkiakow
 * 15) Changko
 * 16) Changpai
 * 17) Changsung
 * 18) Changteh
 * 19) Chankiang

Chann-Chant

 * 1) Channel attached
 * 2) Channel bank
 * 3) Channel electron multiplier
 * 4) Channel op
 * 5) Channel program
 * 6) Channeling in solids
 * 7) Chanop
 * 8) Chanson A Personnages
 * 9) Chanson de Toile
 * 10) Chantaburi
 * 11) Chantefable
 * 12) Chanter
 * 13) Chantey
 * 14) Chanthakuman
 * 15) Chantilly Porcelain

Chao-Chap

 * 1) Chao Anu
 * 2) Chao Ju-Kua
 * 3) Chao K'uang-yin
 * 4) Chao Nanthasen
 * 5) Chao-Hui
 * 6) Chao'an
 * 7) Chapei
 * 8) Chapin Aaron Harris
 * 9) Chapultepec Zoological Park


text:
Piatnik

'''Wiener Spielkartenfabrik Ferd. Piatnik & Söhne, commonly referred to as Piatnik''', is an Austrian playing card and board game manufacturing company based in Vienna.

History
The company was founded in 1824 by the card manufacturer Anton Moser (1784–1842) in Vienna's 7th district. Upon his death, his professional colleague the Hungarian-born Ferdinand Piatnik (1819–1885) took over in 1843, marrying Moser's widow a few years later. Piatnik's three sons joined the ranks in 1882 adding their names to their father's company name.

Ferdinand died in 1885, leaving the successful business to his sons and his widow. In 1891, a new factory building was built on Hütteldorfer Straße in the 14th district. In 1896, the firm of Piatnik Nándor és Fiai was founded as a sister company. Piatnik continued to expand and in 1899 bought the playing card manufacturer, Ritter & Cie in Prague. As early as 1923 Piatnik received an 'irrevocable' national award and thus the right to use the Austrian coat of arms in its business in perpetuity. In 1939, the Viennese parent company was incorporated into the family limited partnership ''Wiener Spielkartenfabrik Ferd. Piatnik & Sons''.

After the war, multi-colour offset printing was introduced in 1951. In 1956, the playing card factory expanded its range to include board games, and puzzles have also been produced since 1966.

Piatnik Wien has since established itself as a major business, having sold 25 million packs of cards (including Tarot, Tarock, Bridge, Préférence, Schnapsen, Double German and French packs), one million puzzles and one million board games (such as Activity, Tick Tack Bumm, Abalone, Pass the Pigs and Scrabble) in over 72 countries. The firm offers more than 200 social and family games and 1,000 play card pack variants.

In 1962, the factory premises in Vienna were expanded to include several reinforced concrete halls, and again in 1985.

In 1990, Activity was released, an entertainment game for children and adults that has been translated into five languages. Meanwhile, 15 different variants of the successful party game have appeared. Thanks to the ProSieben game show, Extreme Activity, this variant is now also available for purchase as a game.

The first subsidiary was founded in 1989, Piatnik of America. It was followed by subsidiaries in Germany, Czech Republic and Hungary.

Today Ferdinand G. Piatnik (4th) and Dieter Strehl run the business and the next generation is already in training. The company has around 200 employees worldwide, around 150 in Vienna. According to the company, around 10,000 board games, 100,000 playing card packs and 4,000 puzzles are sold in over 60 countries around the world every day.

In 1997 in Vienna, Penzing (14th district) the  Ferdinand-Piatnik-Weg  was named after the founder of the company.

In 2010 over 2 million games, 1 million puzzles and 25 million game packages were produced in Vienna. The turnover was 27 million euros.

Today, with sales subsidiaries in Germany, the Czech Republic, Hungary and the US, Piatnik is Austria's largest game publisher and a leading provider of games in Europe. The traditional Viennese company is represented in 72 countries with board games, playing cards and puzzles.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Piatnik


text:
Xie Wanjun

Xie Wanjun (born July 10, 1967) a Chinese political activist who has fled to the United States. He is currently the chairman of China Democracy Party. He was an active student during the Tiananmen Square Protests of 1989. On October 17, 1996, he led an anti-Japan protest and was imprisoned for a month. In August 1997, he tried to apply a trade union in Shanghai but he was expelled from Shanghai. He was one of the founding members of China Democracy Party in 1998, and was elected to the central committee in February 1999, he escaped from China in April 1999, he then fled to Russia then the United States. He often publishes false information.

In 2022, he falsely claimed that corrupt officials in Henan have begun armed resistance against the central government of China.

title: Xie Wanjun


title: File:Batmangothamknights43.jpg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/TRIPODS

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:26, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

TRIPODS
Not notable. Jwissick (t)  (c)  08:43, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete as non-notable unless somebody can make a good case that it is really notable. Thue | talk 09:03, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as non-notable and redirect to The Tripods. 23skidoo 16:11, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/TRIPODS


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/U Dae-keong

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 08:13, 9 October 2005 (UTC)

U Dae-keong
nn bio. 202.156.6.60 08:43, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, doesn't currently assert notability. Thue | talk 09:07, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * No vote; with the addition to the article of his exhibition in Germany it isn't so clear he is non-notable, and I don't feel competent in pottery to judge. Thue | talk 11:02, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Retain: He is a regionally shown artist.
 * I have since discovered that he was shown in Europe as well (see entry). (Kdammers: I don't know why four tildes don't record my name regardless of where I place them:Kdammers 12:46, 2 October 2005 (UTC))

 * Delete or Speedy under A7. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 12:33, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, regionally shown artist. Kappa 12:57, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn. Dottore So 18:52, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Article does not make any assertion of notability. Denni ☯ 02:38, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. per Thue and Denni. Gamaliel 03:50, 3 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Being a native Korean myself, I tried to search his alleged name "우대겅" (which is a very unusual name in local standard, by the way) in a widely-used korean search engine www.naver.com, and I got zero result. I tried Yahoo Korea and again, zero. Google Korea, zero. I am beginning to suspect his name has been wrongly typed in or he is utterly non-notable. --BorgQueen 22:41, 3 October 2005 (UTC)

 * First, thank You for calling attention to my spelling error. The name should be 우 대갱 / Thus U Dae-Kyeong.  I have moved the article.  Second, a negative search of the Internet is hardly adequate basis for non-notability - especially in creative, noncommercial areas.  If You live in Korea, You could call the Nonsan Culture and Arts Center at 041-734-0815, since they just had a showing of U's works, and ask them about his notability.  Third, where is notability (i.e., that it is relevant and what constitutes it) discussed: I searched http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Deletion_policy and the word is not used.

Fourth, invitational international showing would seem to me to be at least prima facie evidence of notability in the visual arts. Kdammers 03:26, 5 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:69.241.168.180

title: User talk:69.241.168.180


text: User talk:Ic jetta

title: User talk:Ic jetta


text:
Wax plant

Wax plant may refer to:
 * Hoya, a tropical climbing plants genus in the family Apocynaceae native to southern Asia, Australia and Polynesia
 * Cynanchum elegans (white-flowered wax plant), a plant species found in New South Wales in Australia
 * Euphorbia antisyphilitica (also called candelilla), a spurge species native to the Southern United States and Mexico

title: Wax plant


text:
User talk:Digiallen

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Audiosolution logo.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Audiosolution logo.gif. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 19:07, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Audio Solution

The article Audio Solution has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non-notable audio company. No third-party sources or claim of notability was found on Google search.

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on |the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Diannaa (talk) 17:26, 19 May 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Digiallen


text:
User talk:Mikeinga

Image Tagging Image:Credito.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Credito.jpg. I notice the image page currently doesn't specify who created the image, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created the image yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the image on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the image yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the image also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture then you can use GFDL to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use or fairuse. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of image pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thanks so much. -- SCEhard T 21:35, 10 December 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Mikeinga


text:
Hemlingford Hundred

Hemlingford Hundred was one of the four hundreds that the English county of Warwickshire was divided into, along with Kington, Knightlow and Barlichway. It was recorded in the Domesday Book under the name of Coleshill.

At the time of the Domesday Survey this hundred was known as 'Coleshelle' Hundred and its meeting-place was at Coleshill; it is first called by its present name of Hemlingford Hundred in the Pipe Roll of 8 Henry II (1161–2).

The hundred covered northern Warwickshire, including Birmingham, Nuneaton, Solihull and Tamworth. It was under the governance of several peers including the Lord of Packington Hall and Lord of Hermitage Manor with accompanying Stewards.

It was itself sub-divided into four subdivisions, those of Atherstone, Birmingham, Solihull and Tamworth.

The Atherstone subdivision comprised 15 parishes and 4 townships and chapelries: Ansley, Baxterley, Caldecote, Chilvers Coton, Corley, Fillongley, Lea Marston, Mancetter, Atherstone, Hartshill, Maxstoke, Merevale, Nuneaton, Attleborough, Stockingford, Shustoke, Weddington, Whitacre Nether and Whitacre Over.

title: Hemlingford Hundred


text:
Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States

The Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States is a judicial organ which was formed in order to provide exercising of its economic commitments by the participating states. The Court is empowered to consider the disputes in the fulfillment of economic commitments in accordance with international treaties within the framework of the Commonwealth of Independent States. The Court considers other disputes under the agreement of the participating states. It is also empowered to interpret international treaties and the acts of the CIS bodies. The location of the Economic Court is the city of Minsk, Republic of Belarus.

History
For the first time the idea of creation of judicial body within the CIS was proposed and then mentioned in the Agreement on cooperation of economic and arbitration courts of Belarus, Russian Federation and the Ukraine dated 21 December 1991, on the day when Alma-Ata Declaration was signed. In the article 12 of this Agreement, national courts of the CIS confirmed the necessity of formation, as part of Commonwealth structure, of special arbitration organ (Economic Court). On interstate level, when the Agreement on measures of providing improvement of payments between economic organizations of the CIS participating states dated 15 May 1992 was being signed, it was made a decision on creation of the CIS judicial organ (named the Commercial Court of the Commonwealth). The main purpose of the Commercial Court of the Commonwealth was settlement of interstate economic disputes that cannot be referred to the competence of higher economic (arbitration) national courts of Commonwealth states (article 5 of the Agreement).

On 6 July 1992 the Agreement on the status of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States was signed, and its inherent part was the Provision on the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States. This Provision is a legal basis of the Court's activity.

In the Statute of the Commonwealth of Independent States approved by the Council of Heads of States of the CIS on 22 January 1993, Part IV, Economic Court was mentioned as one of the CIS bodies.

In the article 3 of the Agreement on the status of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States, it is said that the location of the Court shall be Minsk, Republic of Belarus. The Treaty between the Republic of Belarus and the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States about the terms of residence of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States on the territory of Belarus was signed on 22 November 1996.

State-parties to the Agreement on the status of the Economic Court
The Agreement on the status of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States came into force in 1992 for Belarus, Russian Federation, Uzbekistan, in 1993 – for Armenia, in 1994 – for Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, in 1995 – for Moldova. In 2006 Armenia quit the Agreement. Moldova quit the Agreement in 2010.

In 1997 Azerbaijan tried to join the Agreement on the status of the Economic Court with some stipulations, but state-parties were against such joinder as stipulations seemed unacceptable.

Competence
The competence of the Economic Court is determined by the rules of the CIS Charter and the Provision on the Economic Court, approved by the Agreement on the status of the Economic Court. According to the article 32 of the CIS Charter, the Court is empowered to settle disputes which can appear in the fulfillment of economic commitments within the framework of the CIS, to interpret provisions of international agreements and the CIS acts related to the economic issues, to settle other disputes related to its jurisdiction by the CIS participating states. In accordance with the article 3 of the Provision on the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States, the Court settles interstate economic disputes: which appear in the fulfillment of economic commitments, provided by the CIS international agreements, decisions made by the Council of the Heads of States, the CIS Council of the Heads of Governments and its other institutions; on the correspondence of statutory and other acts of participating states, passed on economic issues, international agreements and other acts of the CIS. Other disputes, connected with the fulfillment of international agreements and other CIS acts passed on its basis (today there are 36 such international agreements).

In accordance with the article 5 of the Provision on the Economic Court, the Court is also empowered to interpret: international agreements, another CIS acts and its institutions; acts of legislation of the former SSR for the period of its mutually agreed enforcement, including those about permissibility of enforcement of such acts, as the acts which do not contradict international agreements and passed on its basis another CIS acts. Such interpretation is carried out in taking decisions on particular cases, and also special requests.

The right of access to the Economic Court
In accordance with the Provision on the Economic Court, states concerned represented by its competent organs, and also CIS institutions have the right to go to the Court for consideration of disputes.

The highest agencies of power and government of participating states, CIS institutions, superior economic and arbitration courts and other superior organs that are empowered to settle economic disputes, which can appear on the territory of participating states, can appeal to the Economic Court with requests for interpretation of the CIS international agreements and other acts.

The Economic Court is not empowered to consider disputes or requests for interpretation, introduced by economic agents or natural persons. At the same time in the Court's practice were considered such kind of requests, which were taken to the Court indirectly, through the competent organs of states and CIS institutions.

Status of the Court’s decisions
According to the Provision on the Economic Court subsequent to the results of consideration of disputes the Economic Court makes decision, where the fact of law infringement, by participating state, of international agreement or CIS act or act of the CIS, its institution, is ascertained. Then some measures, which are recommended for such state in order to eliminate the infringement and its consequences, are defined. When the Economic Court of the CIS makes a decision, the state, concerning the decision being made, provides its execution. Thus, the legal force is not determined straight by constituent documents of the Court. In the literature, there is an opinion that the Court's decisions have binding character with regard to legal qualification of aspects of the case and the character of recommendation with regard to the measures on elimination the infringement and its consequences undertaken by the state.

The decisions of the Economic Court and the enactments of the Plenum are to be published in the CIS publications and mass media of the participating states.

The fulfillment of the functions of the EurAsEC Court
From 2004 to 2011 the Economic Court was performing functions of the Court of the Eurasian Economic Community in accordance with the Agreement between the Commonwealth of Independent States and the Eurasian Economic Community on fulfillment by the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States the functions of the EurAsEC Court dated 3 March 2004 (with changes, submitted by the Protocol dated 17 January 2011). This agreement was denounced on 1 January 2012. Within the framework of fulfillment of the functions of the EurAsEC Court the jurisdiction of the Economic Court was extended on interstate disputes of economic character, which can appear on application of international EurAsEC agreements, decisions of EurAsEC organs, fulfillment of commitments, following from such acts, other disputes, provided by the EurAsEC agreements, and also on interpretation of the provisions of international agreements and decisions of EurAsEC organs.

Judges
The Judge panel of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States is formed from equal number of judges from each state-party of the agreement on the status of the Economic Court. In accordance with the article 2 of the agreement, the quota number of judges from each state-party is two people. By the decision of the Council of the Heads of States of the CIS about measures on further enhancement of efficiency of the CIS organs and optimization of its structure dated 2 October 2002, the number of judges was reduced to 1 judge from each state.

In accordance with the article 7 of the Provision on the Economic Court of the CIS all judges are elected (appointed) by state-parties in the way, which is determined in those states, for election (appointment) of judges of higher economic, arbitration courts for a 10-year period, strictly on the professional ground, among judges of economic, arbitration courts and other persons, who must be specialists of high proficiency in the field of economic legal relations, also they must have higher juridical education. The Economic Court President and his Deputy are elected by the judges of the Court by majority vote and approved by the Council of the Heads of States for a 5-year period.

Now 2 judges perform their duties at the Economic Court: from Belarus – Ludmila Kamenkova (appointed in 2008); from Russian Federation – Evelina Nagornaya (appointed in 2013).

On 15 December 2011 the President of the Economic Court became Ludmila Kamenkova.

Structure of the Court
The Economic Court discharges its duties as a full panel of Economic Court, but it also may form the Economic Court collegiums and convoke the Plenum of the Economic Court.

Full panel of the Economic Court is composed of all judges from the Court and is convoked for consideration the cases on requests for interpretation. Full panel of the Court is eligible to make decision, if on its session are present not less than two thirds of all elected and proceeded to execute its duties judges of the Economic Court. When making a decision, each judge has one vote and has no right to abstain from voting. Decisions are made by simple majority vote from the number of judges who are present. When there is equality of votes, the decision the chairman of full staff had voted for is supposed to be made. The Decisions are made by the full staff of the Court are final and there will be no appeals.

The Economic Court collegiums are formed by full staff of the Court in number of 3 or 5 persons among the judges for consideration the disputes related to the competence of appropriate collegiums. The decision of collegium is made by majority vote of collegium's members. When there is equality of votes, the decision the chairman of collegiums had voted for is supposed to be made. The Decision of collegiums can be appealed to the Plenum of the Economic Court by case parties or third persons.

Plenum of the Economic Court is supposed to be the higher collegiate organ of the Court and composed of the chairman of the Court, his deputies and judges of the Court, and also of chairmen of higher economic, arbitration courts and other higher state organs of participating states, settling economic disputes.

Court Practice
From February 1994, when formation of material and technical foundation was accomplished and the Court's staff was formed, to 17 June 2016 the Economic Court considered 124 cases and 133 acts were accepted.

Interstate economic disputes
Economic disputes between the CIS participating states compose moderate part of the cases that are considered by the Economic Court: for the first 20 years of the Court's functioning were considered 13 disputes. In some cases the Court made a decision on denial of case production or dismissal of a case.

The decisions on the cases about disputes may be classified according to the following categories: about improper fulfillment of economic commitments; about recognition of proprietorship, on collision between national legal norms and provisions of the CIS law.

Cases on interpretation
Cases about interpretation compose main part of the cases that are considered by the Economic Court. By 17 June 2016 the Court had considered 111 cases on interpretation.

Among all cases considered by the Economic court it is possible to single out the following categories:
 * on interpretation of agreements and other acts of the Commonwealth regulating issues on fulfillment of international economic commitments – 17 cases;
 * on interpretation of constituent documents and legal position of the CIS – 5 cases;
 * on interpretation of agreements and other acts of the CIS, regulating status and powers of organizations within the framework of the CIS, the CIS organs – 11 cases;
 * on interpretation of correspondence of provisions of agreements, signed within the framework of the CIS, acts of the CIS organs to the standards and principles of international law – 9 cases;
 * on interpretation of agreements, regulating the way of settling interstate disputes within the framework of the CIS – 8 cases;
 * on interpretation of agreements, regulating cooperation of higher arbitration, economic and other courts of the participating states of the CIS concerning its procedural activity – 8 cases;
 * on interpretation of agreements and other acts of the CIS organs, regulating issues of providing for social and economic rights of citizens of the CIS participating states – 45 cases;
 * cases that are considered by the Economic Court within the framework of fulfillment the functions of the EurAsEC Court – 1 case;
 * other cases – 7 cases.

Notable decisions
The Decision by the CIS Economic Court dated September 23, 2014 No. 01−1/1−14 on interpretation of the article 11 of the CIS Convention on protection of investors rights dated March 23, 1997 was nominated by Global Arbitration Review as one of the most important published decision of 2014 for jurisprudential or other reasons. It was commented as "preventing a potential flood of claims at so-called “pocket” arbitration courts".

The practice of execution of decisions of the Economic Court
Conclusions and directions appearing in decisions of the Economic Court related to the cases about interpretation of provisions of international agreements, signed within the framework of the CIS, are used by competent organs of the participating states in practical activity, in preparation of the acts of the national legal system and development of international legal basis, are taken into consideration by experts when developing and coordinating agreements and decisions taken within the framework of the CIS.

Decisions of the Economic Court on cases about interpretation are used in practice of national judicial organs of Belarus and Russian Federation.

Reforming of the Court
During a period of the Economic Court functioning, an opinion of improvement of its constituent documents was spoken up continually. So, the analysis of the Court's practice on consideration of interstate economic disputes – the main category of disputes in accordance with the constituent documents – shows that the Court's potential is not effectively employed.

In this regard the Conception of further development of the CIS, approved by the CIS Council of the Heads of States on 5 October 2007, and the Plan of main activities on its realization provides for modernization of the Economic Court of the CIS.

Within the framework of activities on modernization of the Economic Court, in 2012 special group of government experts had prepared the draft text of a new Agreement on the status of the Economic Court of the Commonwealth of Independent States, which however has not been put to the signature yet.


text:
User talk:NNNN~enwiki

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called NNNN. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name NNNN~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:04, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 16:45, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:NNNN~enwiki


text:
Geert De Vlieger

Geert De Vlieger (born 16 October 1971) is a Belgian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper.

Career
De Vlieger was born in Dendermonde. He started his career in his home country playing for Anderlecht and Beveren before moving to the Netherlands and playing for Willem II for four years between 2000 and 2004. He played his first international for Belgium in 1999 and won 43 caps for his country. He was the second choice goalkeeper for the UEFA Euro 2000 behind starter Filip De Wilde, but then became the number 1 starter for the 2002 FIFA World Cup replacing the latter after De Wilde's poor performances during the Euro 2000.

De Vlieger signed with Manchester City in June 2004, but due to an achilles tendon injury he sustained, he missed the entirety of the 2004–05 season and did not play a single game during his two seasons in England. In June 2006, he signed for Zulte Waregem to make a comeback in the Belgian First Division A. On 30 May 2008, De Vlieger signed a one-year contract with Club Brugge as the backup behind Stijn Stijnen, as former backup Glenn Verbauwhede had been loaned out to Kortrijk. He announced his retirement from football in February 2011 at age 39.

Honours
Beveren
 * Second Division: 1990–91

Anderlecht
 * Belgian Cup runner-up: 1996–97

Belgium
 * FIFA Fair Play Trophy: 2002 World Cup

Individual
 * Best Belgian Footballer Abroad: 2001
 * Honorary Citizen of Lebbeke: 2017

title: Geert De Vlieger


text:
Turki al-Hamad

Turki al-Hamad (تركي الحمد, ; born 10 March 1952) is a Saudi Arabian political analyst, journalist, and novelist, best known for his trilogy about the coming-of-age of Hisham al-Abir, a Saudi Arabian teenager, the first installment of which, Adama, was published in 1998. Although banned in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, and Kuwait, the Arabic edition of the trilogy—called in Arabic Atyaf al-Aziqah al-Mahjurah (Phantoms of the Deserted Alley)—has sold 20,000 copies.

The novels explore the issues of sexuality, underground political movements, scientific truth, rationalism, and religious freedom against the backdrop of the late 1960s and early 1970s, a volatile period in Saudi Arabia, sandwiched between the 1967 Six-Day War and the 1973 oil crisis. Hamad is quoted on the cover of one of his novels: "Where I live there are three taboos: religion, politics and sex. It is forbidden to speak about these. I wrote this trilogy to get things moving."

As a result of his work, four fatwas have been issued against him by the country's religious clerics, and he has been named as an apostate in a statement by al-Qaeda. He continues nevertheless to live in Riyadh, calling the fatwas "more of a nuisance than anything else," according to the Daily Star.

Early life
Al-Hamad was born in Jordan to a family of merchants that originated from Buraidah, Al-Qassim Region in Saudi Arabia. The family moved when he was a child to Dammam in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia. He later moved to the United States, where he obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Southern California, later returning to Riyadh to teach political science. He retired in 1995 to take up writing full-time.

His novels and the response
After the first of four fatwas was issued in 1999, Crown Prince Abdullah, who succeeded to the throne of Saudi Arabia in August 2005, offered al-Hamad bodyguards for his protection.

The next three were issued after the publication of the third in the trilogy, Karadib, in which the main character wonders whether God and the devil are the same thing, and which the clerics regarded as heresy. As a result, he was threatened by the mutaween by e-mail, and accused of apostasy by al-Qaeda. One fatwa was withdrawn in 2003 by Sheikh Ali Al-Khudair, a well-known Saudi scholar. Karadib will be published in English in 2006.

Al-Hamad's latest novel, The Winds of Paradise, is about the September 11, 2001 attacks and was published in Arabic in 2005. It has been described as a "thinly disguised sketch of the lives of four of the hijackers."

He has elsewhere called 9/11 the "consequence of a chronic disease in the Arab psyche," a "culture of illusion":

"It is an illusion when we think that all the world is against us, and [an] illusion when we think that there will not be any existence for us without the perishing of the others. It is illusion when we have either to get the best for ourselves or we have to die. According to this logic either we possess all the rain or let the rain to be stopped if we were thirsty. It is also an illusion if we think that the past is the route to the future and it is illusion if we think that the world without us will not be able to survive; for this reason they compete against each other to exploit us like hyenas struggling for their prey. The greater illusion is that we are God's angels on His land and all the rest of the world are devils."

Arrest
Al-Hamad was arrested December 24, 2012, after a series of tweets on religion and other topics. The arrest was ordered by Saudi Interior Minister Prince Muhammad bin Nayef, however the charges against al-Hamad were not announced. He was freed in 2013.

title: Turki al-Hamad


text:
Category:British traditional history

This category lists articles related to the pre-Anglo-Saxon history of Britain and the Brythons, as accounted by Geoffrey of Monmouth and others. It contains articles on a mixture of mythical and historical subjects, and on some topics which fall somewhere between the two.

title: Category:British traditional history


text:
Talk:Angular velocity

Confusing Tensor/Matrix multiplication notation! and a call to reorganisation
Can anyone explain to me what the centered dot being used in the following expression stands for:
 * This tensor W(t) will act as if it were a $$(\vec \omega \times)$$ operator :

 * $$\vec \omega(t) \times \vec{r}(t) = W(t) \vec{r}(t) $$

 * Given the orientation matrix A(t) of a frame, we can obtain its instant angular velocity tensor W as follows. We know that:

 * $$\frac {d \vec r(t)} {dt} = W \cdot \vec{r}$$

Not to mention:

 * Therefore $$R=e^{Wt}$$ is a rotation matrix and in a time dt is an infinitesimal rotation matrix. Therefore it can be expanded as $$R = I + W\cdot dt + {1 \over 2} (W \cdot dt)^2 + ...$$

What really got me fired up was this bit:

 * Because of W is the derivative of an orthogonal transformation, the

 * $$B(\mathbf{r},\mathbf{s}) = (W\mathbf{r}) \cdot \mathbf{s} $$

 * bilinear form is skew-symmetric. (Here $$\cdot$$ stands for the scalar product).

I am inclined to think that outside of this last case, the centered dot either stands for matrix multiplication or for scalar multiplication. Whoever wrote these parts has no idea of the mathematical notation in use.

Moving to the big picture, I am in favor of a complete reorganisation and rewrite of the article. I humbly invite all who are interested to contact me on my talk page. Hayazin (talk) 22:33, 6 February 2015 (UTC)

Angular Velcity of a Particle
I don't have time to fix the article at the moment, but I just wanted to point out that it is fundamentally wrong to talk about a particle having angular velocity. Particles are infintesimally small and thus it is impossible for them to have an angular velocity. It is also very incorrect to declare that something has an angular velocity about a point. Angular velocity is point independent. The first section (that's all I've read) is propogating incorrect and misinformation. Any reputable dynamics text will verify this. Feel free to contact me for more details. Moorepants Jan 21, 2013 —Preceding undated comment added 07:00, 22 January 2013 (UTC)

Help
I think the article should have something like the introduction I've given it. As I see it, Lie algebras provide the explanation of the reason the angular velocity vector behaves as it does. I wish I had found out about them a lot sooner. However, the definition I have given is not correct. I'm trying to think of the right words, but would anyone care to jump in and help?Buster79 09:00, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Context
I put a context tag on this page because the introduction launches right into formal mathematical functions without explaining what will happen in non-expert terms or mentioning (anywhere in the article, really) how angular velocity is used in the real world. --Craig Stuntz 20:25, 19 May 2006 (UTC)

Perhaps the introduction should just be scrapped (I won't be offended...). What about "Angular velocity is a quantity which represents the angular speed of a rotation together with its direction, that is, its axis and sense (whether the rotation is clockwise or anticlockwise).", something like the introductory sentence in velocity. Then jump in to the school textbook stuff about vectors. I had hoped my introduction would enlighten; from a certain viewpoint, it's more intuitive to derive it using a derivative than simply to make the definition that the direction of the vector gives the axis of rotation. Still, if it doesn't help, it doesn't help. As to 'used in the real world'? Yep. The article needs a simple example or two. Any physical situation that's at all complicated is probably better treated in angular momentum.Buster79 17:25, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

I mostly agree with this. I personally find the notion of using a derivative for velocity pretty intuitive, but I have no idea what a "special orthogonal linear transformation" or a "skew-adjoint linear transformation" is. Nothing wrong with very technical terms but I don't think they belong in the intro. I suspect a number of people -- middle schoolers and most high schoolers -- who might be interested in the article wouldn't know what a derivative is, either, though, so a "non-math" explanation is also necessary. --Craig Stuntz 02:30, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Your current revision is much improved; thanks. I think some high schoolers (and below) would still have a problem understanding it, but it's at least understandable to non-mathematics specialists now. Good work, Buster79! --Craig Stuntz 14:19, 2 August 2006 (UTC)

rpm
In my opinion, revolutions per minute is not a unit of angular velocity or angular frequency, but of frequency. 1 rpm equals 60 Hz.--84.159.248.246 17:06, 20 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I think that's incorrect. All units used for vector quantities deal only with the magnitude of the measure in question, so "rpm" is a unit for both angular speed and angular velocity. 1 rpm is not the same as 1 Hz.  The units of rpm are angle over time.  The units of Hz are simply 1 over time, without reference to the angle. -- Slowmover 16:57, 22 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Where does "rpm" refer to angle? In my opiniion, "revolution" is not a measure of angle but is simply used to specify the kind of things that are counted. --84.159.238.199 17:07, 24 November 2006 (UTC)
 * One revolution is 360°, or 2π radians, which is a measurement of angle. It is not unit-less. So, 1 rpm is equal to 2π radians per minute, which is possibly easier to recognize as units of angle over time.  1 radian per minute is 1/(2π) rpm, and so on.   It's important to see that a revolution is a divisible quantity, like meters or miles.  It is measured quantity which can have any real number value, not just integers. -- Slowmover 22:09, 28 November 2006 (UTC)
 * One thing that just occurred to me is that this is really a semantic argument. The same thing applies to frequency.  The units of angle are actually "dimension-less" units, whether radians or revolutions.  Circular motion is inherent in the definiton of frequency (since each tick of a clock or the frequency of sound refers to a cycling through a full "revolution" of the available motion). Thus, it probably makes no difference if you talk of angular frequency or angular velocity, except for the vector component. -- Slowmover 22:20, 28 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Just have a look at the article revolutions per minute. There they say "Revolutions per minute (abbreviated rpm, RPM, r/min, or min−1) is a unit of frequency, commonly used to measure rotational speed, in particular in the case of rotation around a fixed axis." The article about rotational speed says: "Rotational speed tells how many complete rotations there are per time unit, and it is measured in revolutions per second (1/s or Hertz) in the SI System. " (Neither of the articles has been written by me.) --84.159.251.122 09:43, 2 December 2006 (UTC)
 * This whole issue of units of angular velocity and differences between angular velocity and frequency is a common problem (and angular frequency, which we define for talking about oscillations only adds to the confusion). First of all, although it's not how we normally think of it, a "revolution" is a unit of angle.  This is increasingly stated explicitly, for example, in introductory physics textbooks (see, for example, R. D. Knight, Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, 2nd ed., (2008)).  A revolution is just a unit of angle where once around the circle is defined as 1 unit (as opposed to 360 units for degrees, etc.).  So, a frequency stated in revolutions per minute is really an angle per unit time.  In this sense it is an angular velocity (rate of change of angle with respect to time).  So, in a very real sense when refering to circular motion, frequency and angular velocity are the same thing.  But in common usage by physicists (mathematicians may differ) the term "angular velocity" always refers to this quantity quoted in radians/second, and "frequency" is used for this same quantity quoted in Hz or rpm.  When another "oddball" unit (e.g. degrees per second, gradians per fortnight...) is used then this is, or should be, explicitly defined.  So, frequency and angular velocity are essentially the same thing, and the terms are used to clarify what units are being used. --GLeeDads (talk) 15:15, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

Non-circular motion
$$ \boldsymbol\omega = {\mathbf{r} \times \mathbf{v} \over |\mathbf{r}|^2} \qquad \qquad (1)$$

is not true in general but only if the motion of the partical is contained in a plane and if that plane contains the origin. In general, ω is neither orthogonal to the position vector r nor to the velocity vector v, so equation (5) is not true. --84.159.248.246 17:24, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

Time derivative of the anomalies
Are there three types of angular velocity? in motion on a ellipse, each corresponding to the time derivative of mean anomaly, true anomaly and eccentric anomaly?--188.26.22.131 (talk) 12:39, 2 October 2012 (UTC)

Right hand rule/direction of angular velocity
While the article describes the direction of angular velocity as being the axis of spinning, it doesn't say anything about what this represents, and what difference it makes whether it is up/down. Perhaps a real world analogy like hula hooping could be used to describe the relevance of this vector. Richard001 06:35, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

Rewrite
I have resectioned things to make clear the differences between the angular velocity of a particle and the spin angular velocity of a rigid body. Almost all of the contents of the previous page have been included, except the "derivation" section has been shortened. PAR 02:39, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Physics/Medicine Perspective
Medical Physics Query: I am not a physicist, just one very curious how the heart works so well for so long. Discovery of Angular Velocity in a living organism was an unexpected find in reading of other areas in this pursuit. 1. Application of living physiology to Angular Velocity is perhaps better appreciated in time phases of a coiled snake readying and striking prey or perceived danger. 2. The snake is a compliant rudimentary tubular organism comprised of many layers of neuromuscle, connective tissue, bone and gas. To most effectively strike prey or respond to threat, the snake recoils itself into the smallest sphere possible. 3. Recoil of the snake enables increasingly favorable numbers of interfaces between the physiologic layers to impart maximum angular velocity towards the target in coil. 4. Sensory input from the snake allows expedient recoil when prey is sighted and suggests this is by no means a passive/relaxation phase. 5. The smallest unit of the heart [muscle] is a [cell] called a [cardiomyocyte]. 6. [Cardiomyocyte]s are decidedly not [particle]s but tend to exhibit some astonishingly similar behavior around a long and short axis. 7. Theory in this area suggests divergent strings of living cardiomyocytes [myocardial muscle mass] grouped and electrically herded around a center liquid [mass] tidally pushed in and out. 8. String theory of myocardial tissue implies anchored and fixed vectors matched 180 degrees to the connective tissue of the heart, namely the heart valves, skeleton of the heart and central body of the heart. 9. Demand driven tidal forward and backward flow begins to describe the number of potential vectors arranged in superimposed angles in solid muscle mass opposed against a viscous, living blood mass. 10. Posit that the [heart/myocardium/cardiac muscle mass] rotates on a long axis clockwise and counterclockwise in layers of muscular sheets arranged one on another from the internal/blood exposed surfaces [endocardium] to the outer/[pericardial space] surfaces [epicardium]. 11. Posit that no single layer turns back or forth on the long axis more than 30 degrees, but all layers in summation turn at least 360 degrees in response to physiologic demand. 12. Thus understood, revolutions per minute around the long axis are readily posited as and extrapolated to time variables [heart rate]. 13. Posit the distal muscular layers of the heart fold and unspread inward to expel blood [systole/pump/ejection fraction= End Systolic Volume/End Diastolic Volume]triggered by sequential concurrent electrical polarization. 14. Volumetric derivation of Systole is perhaps best mathematically stated as Ejection Fraction [EF]. 15. EF is readily extrapolated to [Cardiac Output/CO], first defined by [Adolph Fick]. 16. Posit the proximal muscular layers of the heart unfold and spread outward to impel blood [diastole/sump/] as defined by [Arthur Guyton] guided by sequential electrical depolarization. 17. Posit that superimposed muscular layers engage one another on a plurality of angles around a well defined (mostly plasma) long axis suggesting shear and countershear of angular velocity. 18. Suggest most pragmatic (inexpensive and noninvasive) readily imaged solid long axis definition as Cardiac Apex (south myocardial pole)-Central Body of the Heart [collagen]-(Left AV collagen ring)/ (Right PV collagen ring). 19. Long axis performance physics of the heart are best and first attributed to Robert Hooke. 20. Short axis determinants are most expediently attributed to muscle mass with scarce influence of blood mass. Short axis performance physics of the heart are best and first attributed to Pierre LaPlace. 21. Posit that myocardial layering back and forth of available subsets of cardiomyocytes illustrates principles of shear and subsequent torque generation at work impelling and expelling blood in and out 60-80 times/minute for 60-80 years. 22. Crossing/uncrossing of multiple muscular bands suggests that Francisco Torrent-Guasp was looking ahead and further implies a force multiplier such as Angular Velocity at work within bands of a dedicated systolic heart and a dedicated diastolic heart.--Lbeben (talk) 03:00, 27 May 2008 (UTC)

Angular Frequency!
The page describes angular frequency, not angular velocity!

Angular frequency has units Hz or s^-1 (or rad*s^-1 if you prefer) and is a measure of the rate of change of the angle. Angular velocity has units m^2*s^-1 and is the tangential velocity × radius. (× = cross product).

Just like angular momentum = tangential momentum × radius and torque (i.e. angular foce) = tangential force × radius.

On the angular momentum page, it says that angular momentum = mass * angular velocity (just like linear momentum = mass * linear velocity), so how can this be if the angular momentum page states that its units are kg m^2 s^-1, and this page says its units are s^-1 ?

--58.167.240.245 (talk) 08:33, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Er, the angular momentum page says ang.mom. = moment of inertia * ang.velocity. Moment of intertia has SI units kg m²; thus is consistent with angular velocity having units s-1. Springy Waterbuffalo (talk) 10:45, 5 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I've never heard of an angular velocity having units of m^2*s^-1. I'm not sure what the physical significance of such a quantity would be.  An angular velocity is most definitely a rate of change of angle and so it should be in some set of units that say angle/time.  As physicists normally define it an angular velocity is in rad/s, whereas the same quantity quoted in Hz, rpm, etc. would be called frequency.  Your definition of it as $$\vec{v}_{tang} \times \vec{r}$$ is not correct.  What is true is that $$\vec{v} = \vec{\omega} \times \vec{r}$$, where r is a position vector with reference to an origin on the axis of rotation (the angular velocity is not uniquely defined since you need to specify what axis you are refering it to).

 * Angular frequency is something else again. In studying oscillatory motion we find ourselves writing down expressions for position as a function of time that look like $$x = A \cos(2\pi f t)$$ where f is the frequency in oscillations per second.  These expressions are a little awkward to work with and so it is convenient to define $$\omega = 2\pi f$$ so that $$x = A \cos(\omega t)$$.  We call this the angular frequency.  We often imagine the oscillation as a "projection" of a circular motion onto a plane and this is some of what drives this tendency to treat oscillatory motion using similar language to what we use for circular motion.  But this is an abstract construction which turns out to be convenient.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by GLeeDads (talk • contribs) 15:53, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

Angular velocity a vector in two dimensions?
From the article, section Two dimensions: The equation
 * $$\boldsymbol\omega=\frac{\mathbf{r}\times\mathbf{v}}{|\mathrm{\mathbf{r}}|^2}$$

allows the angular velocity to be found.

... I'm a bit surprised in omega being written in bold (TeX \boldsymbol). As the article cross product states: «The cross product is not defined except in three-dimensions [...]» ? --Abdull (talk) 09:41, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

I removed this junk, but it does feel strange that I had to do it since I'm certainly no expert in the field. If somebody puts it back, please include a better explaination of what the cross product is supposed to mean in 2D and how the choice of axes would influence the angular velocity. - LM —Preceding unsigned comment added by 115.132.83.181 (talk) 22:49, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

Dual
''Therefore it is a skew symmetric 3x3 matrix. We can therefore take its dual to get a 3 dimensional vector. $$\frac{d\mathcal{R}}{dt}\mathcal{R}^T$$ is called the angular velocity tensor. If we take the dual of this tensor, matrix multiplication is replaced by the cross product. ]...]''

What are the dual of a matrix and the dual of a tensor? Thanks, --Abdull (talk) 10:04, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

 * In this case dual means a vector that represents the skew-symmetric matrix. Any skew symmetric matrix has this form:

\begin{pmatrix} 0 & -z & y \\ z & 0 & -x \\ -y & x & 0 \\ \end{pmatrix}$$

The dual vector in this case is defined as (x,y,z). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.53.127.142 (talk) 10:18, 20 February 2011 (UTC)

Relation to linear velocity
What is the relation of this quantity to peripheral speed on an elliptic trajectory? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.232.141.36 (talk) 17:35, 2 September 2010 (UTC)

Pseudovectors are vectors
Just a comment about some recent changes about vectors and pseudovectors.

A vector is a member of a vector space, and the definition of a vector space is vector space definition. Therefore, as an algebraic structure, a pseudovector is a vector. Hence is not necessary to speak about "angular velocity pseudovectors". To say "angular velocity vector" is equally correct.
 * --Juansempere (talk) 17:45, 12 February 2011 (UTC)

Link loop in first line
In the beginning of the article, in the first line, the link to angular speed redirects to the angular velocity article (so it's a loop). Quite unhelpful, I'd take away the link but maybe someone has a better proposal for rewording. L.livnev (talk) 15:33, 19 June 2011 (UTC)
 * An editor changed the redirect recently without explanation from angular frequency, which is a far more appropriate target so I've change it back.-- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 16:08, 19 June 2011 (UTC)

Inconsistency in the introduction
The angular velocity, as its name indicates, has to do with angles. Its magnitude is therefore measured in rad/s. But a few line after it is said, that "It is sometimes also called the rotational velocity and its magnitude the rotational speed, typically measured in cycles or rotations per unit time"... Stricly speeking, it can not be the same object. There is : the angular velocity, which magnitude is in rad/s, and another vector, the rotational speed, highly related to the first one but nevertheless different, with unit cycle/s. roy.nico 2011.10.19 16:30

 * It is the same. E.g. a rotational speed of 10 cycles/second is the same as angular velocity wit 62.8 rad/s. It's no different to using inches, centimetres or miles to measure distance. It's still the same distance.

 * It's important as rotational speeds are often given in such units; "RPM" or revolutions per minute for example. But it's easier to do many calculations if rad/s are used instead.-- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 15:07, 19 October 2011 (UTC)

unclear statement in first section
In the section "particle in 2 dimensions", it is stated :"However, it must be remembered that the velocity vector can be also decomposed into tangential and normal components." I don't understand to what it refers; tangential/normal to what ? User:roy.nico —Preceding undated comment added 19:06, 19 October 2011 (UTC).
 * You're right: that normally is used for e.g. components relative to motion, but in such the perpendicular component of velocity is zero. I removed it then fixed a few other things in the language and presentation to hopefully good effect.-- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 20:16, 19 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Ok. I will adapt it in the french translation i'm currently writing. By the way, for the radial component you write v‖ in the text, but in the figure there is v∥. I think the latter is better, isn't it ? Roy.nico (talk) 16:13, 20 October 2011 (UTC)
 * No, it's ‖ in the diagram: it's right up against the right edge of the image so might not be obvious. I had to search for that in a Unicode table, which may be why it wasn't used before.-- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 16:17, 20 October 2011 (UTC)
 * I'm confused.. i can't reproduce the "bug" On you page, the "‖" in index in the text appeared (on my screen at least) somehow like a single bar... i can't see it anymore.
 * There is a mistake in the first formula. It should be $$\omega = \frac{d\phi}{dt}$$. Isn't it ? Roy.nico (talk) 16:37, 20 October 2011 (UTC)
 * In the last sentence in "dimension 2" : If the axes are reflected, but the sense of a rotation does not, then the sign of the angular velocity changes.. I think you meant "If the axes are swaped". Because one could understand "if each single axe is reflected (inversed)", which would leave the orientation of the plane unchanged, and thus no sign-change in the \omega. Roy.nico (talk) 17:11, 20 October 2011 (UTC)
 * On '‖' and '∥' I see '‖' both in the text ("radial component v‖") and in the diagram. The formula was a typo, fixed (feel free to fix them yourself; I do often make silly mistakes which I simply don't spot as I'm focussed on some other part of the text when I hit submit).
 * The last paragraph was rewritten as it was incorrect: it used to say " the x and y axes are exchanged (or inverted)", but if both axes are inverted it's a rotation through $\pi$, which definitely does not change the orientation (in 3D inverting all the axes does change the orientation, but not in 2D). I changed it to 'reflected' as that describes what happens: at least in 2D every improper rotation is a reflection. But I can see how it can be unclear so have changed it to 'parity inversion' as that's what's used at pseudoscalar, and added a link to further improve it.-- JohnBlackburne wordsdeeds 18:32, 20 October 2011 (UTC)
 * i like the new version. :) Roy.nico (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 11:49, 21 October 2011 (UTC).

In the section "Particule in 3 dim", I don't understand the statement "The combination of the origin point and the perpendicular component of the velocity defines a plane of rotation". You meant probably the combination of the radius vector and the velocity vector. Didn't you ?

In the section "Addition of angular velocity vectors", in the line "An internal operation (addition) which is associative, commutative, distributive and with zero and unity elements", i think you meant "inverse elements" and not "unity elements". Roy.nico (talk) 14:51, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

In the section "Addition of angular velocity vectors", you say "The only property that presents difficulties to prove is the commutativity of the addition". But i think the associativity is not much easier to prove, since you have to consider 3 Frames... Roy.nico (talk) 14:51, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

In the section "Angular velocity vector for a frame", i think some words are missing in the sentence :"Any transversal section of a plane perpendicular to this axis has to behave as a two dimensional rotation". Roy.nico (talk) 14:51, 25 October 2011 (UTC)

In the section "Components from Euler angles", i don't understand the sentence "but now the velocity vector can be changed to the fixed frame..." I don't understand the formulation "can be changed to ..." Roy.nico (talk) 10:36, 30 October 2011 (UTC)

"Tarivative"
"To prove it we start tarivative of \mathcal{R}\mathcal{R}^t being R(t) a rotation matrix:" what is "tarivative"? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.127.209.142 (talk) 13:15, 29 November 2012 (UTC)

 * vandalism... --Steve (talk) 02:40, 30 November 2012 (UTC)

speed vs velocity
Why is the term 'velocity' used repeatedly instead of 'speed' when referring to a scalar e.g. "In two dimensions the angular velocity ω is given by" ... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 46.59.253.143 (talk) 11:12, 23 April 2016 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 07:50, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

Short description
The so-called short description of this article is currently: "physical quantity, the rate of change of angular position, and if regarded as a vector, the direction is the axis of rotation". This is 125 characters long — the recommended length is a maximum of 90 characters, and even that's pretty long (about 40 is recommended). The short description is not supposed to fully summarize the article, it's just meant as a concise subtitle to give context at a glance for an article, especially on mobile. I modified it to just "physical quantity" but that got reverted without any explanation. Based on this line, "The short description should focus on distinguishing the subject from similar ones rather than precisely defining it.", the edit I made seemed appropriate. Other similar articles like velocity and angular momentum aren't as wordy in their short descriptions, but those too could use some paring down. Thoughts? --CrocodilesAreForWimps (talk) 03:36, 16 September 2019 (UTC)

 * @Crocodilesareforwimps It's currently a ridiculously technical version that starts with "pseudovector representing . . . ", which I'm not sure is even accurate (surely it's the actual quantity represented, not its mathematical representation). I'm about to change it to something shortish mentioning rotation. Musiconeologist (talk) 10:00, 18 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I went with "Rate and direction of rotation". Maybe that's still a bit too close to attempting a definition, but at least it might have a chance of fitting on one line and meaning something to people who haven't learnt any physics or applied maths. Musiconeologist (talk) 10:10, 18 April 2024 (UTC)

"Orders of magnitude (angular speed)" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Orders of magnitude (angular speed). Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. signed,Rosguill talk 17:23, 8 April 2020 (UTC)

Rigid body rotating about point
Can anyone explain to me how a rigid body rotates about point? I think it is clear how a rigid body can rotate about an axis, but about a point? I believe all of this is nonsense. If it is not, then a clear picture of a rigid body rotating about point (but not about an axis) should be added. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 181.228.151.129 (talk) 04:27, 21 June 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Angular velocity


text: File:Primemovie.jpg

title: File:Primemovie.jpg


text:
User talk:Ryachris

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Image copyright problem with Image:Pkipsche.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Pkipsche.jpg. You've indicated that the image is being used under a claim of fair use, but you have not provided an adequate explanation for why it meets Wikipedia's requirements for such images. In particular, for each page the image is used on, the image must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Can you please check

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title: User talk:Ryachris


text:
User talk:Shaunguyver

Image Tagging Image:Volkswagen sketch.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Volkswagen sketch.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag, so its copyright status is therefore unclear. Please add a tag to let us know its copyright status. (If you created/took the picture then you can use to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use  .)  See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use. If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have tagged them, too. Note that any unsourced and untagged imaged will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thanks so much. --Michael 09:07, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Attack pages
Please do not make personal attacks on other people. Wikipedia has a strict policy against personal attacks. Attack pages and images are not tolerated by Wikipedia and are speedily deleted. Users who continue to create or repost such pages and images will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. Thank you. --BigDT 17:45, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Andrew matheson
Please do not violate Wikipedia policy by introducing inappropriate pages to Wikipedia. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox. --BigDT 17:47, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Image:JackWright.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:JackWright.jpg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. BigDT 17:47, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Image:AndrewMatheson.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:AndrewMatheson.jpg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. BigDT 17:48, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Andrew Matheson
I've put a speedy-deletion box on the recently created article Andrew Matheson, as you have provided absolutely NO references on the notability of the subject. Please provide these, otherwise will the article be deleted. Snailwalker | talk 18:01, 4 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Please DO NOT delete the db-box. If you have a different opinion add to the article and explain your views on the talkpage. Snailwalker | talk 18:47, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Shaunguyver


text:
Guilio Kukurugya

Guilio Kukurugya was an American-Canadian actor.

Career
Kukurugya was born in Coolspring Township, Pennsylvania.

On television, he played the voice of the villain Saw Boss on DiC Entertainment's Jayce and the Wheeled Warriors. His other roles in film and television include Instant Star, Angels in the Infield, Twice in a Lifetime, The Shooter and Night Heat.

title: Guilio Kukurugya


text:
Talk:North Midland Railway

George vs Robert
Didn't Robert Stephenson also do a lot of work on this line?Linuxlad 09:08, 1 October 2005 (UTC) But didn't RS take the decision to take it up the Derwent 6 (or so)foot above the highest _recorded_ flood level? Bob
 * All the accounts I have seen paint this picture of George Stephenson and Charles Binns leaving the New Inn in Derby "in a yellow post-chaise" to survey the line. Some people call it "George Stephenson's last railway." Robert was probably busy on the London and Birmingham, but probably took over as engineer, when George decided to retire to Clay Cross and develop the mineral deposits. Chevin 12:52, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't know. Both George and Robert were appointed as engineers, so probably, George surveyed it but they built it together.Chevin 13:10, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The actual engineering of the construction of the line was done by Frederick Swanwick, George S being ready to retire and anxious to develop various mineral resources, while Robert was occupied with the loco works. Maybe we should edit the article to reflect this though I dont have any references handy at the mo User:Chevin 10:45, 2 August 2022 (UTC)

Station Names
Although these no doubt are the original station names of the railway, is it worth putting the names in that the stations had later on in their lifetime? From some (e.g. 'Barnsley' for Cudworth) it seems that the North Midland were more than a little creative with their geography!

Also it's worth being consistent if you do go for a certain era of station names. Sheffield Midland did not become such until 1949 (it was Pond Street before).

BaseTurnComplete 09:59, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * How much info can you jam into one page without making it incomprhensible? I used the station pages to "fill out" the history of the line (I've not got past Dore and Totley so far) including changes of name. Also there is the parallel article "Midland Main Line" This has pareticular relevance to Long Eaton and Sawley (on the Midland Counties)which moved around and exchanged names. Unfortunalely other people keep altering the names like the multiple redirect pages for Derby station. There is no record of when it became Derby Midland, but raiways didn't usually bother until there was another company's station. Hence Loughborough became Loughborough Midland when the Great Central built a station. So I imagine Derby became Derby Midland when the GNR built Friargate.Chevin 08:24, 17 August 2006 (UTC)
 * The official name in 1896 was "Sheffield New Midland Station". Pond Street may have been the local name, since it seems that people were not very impressed with it until it was rebuilt in 1910.The goods depot was "Pond Street".
 * The original station is referred to in a guidebook of the time as "Barnsley Station at Cudworth Bridge - Omnibus to Barnsley, 2½ miles on the left." (a bit like Corby today!) Probably the station changed its name to Cudworth when the Barnsley branch was built.

Whittington and Barrow Hill
I've removed these for the time being as they weren't North Midland stations. Will replace with date when more info available, like Derby Nottingham Road. Chevin (talk) 16:47, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Were they Midland stations? Talltim (talk) 22:13, 2 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Oh yes, they were built by the Midland and could be added in once articles were written, since the page describes the New Road which also was not the North Midland but part of its later development. Chevin (talk) 08:33, 3 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks for picking up on that then. I dug out my copy of 'The North Midland Railway Guide' (1842) and it doesn't show the stations. BTW do you know what the copyright status of the engravings reproduced in it would be? I would have thought that they would be out of copyright by now and could possibly used in this and station articles. Talltim (talk) 10:53, 3 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Sorted it out. Whittington was not built till 1861, Barrow Hill was originally Staveley. I imagine the originals of the engravings, which were commissioned by the NMR by Samuel Russell, would be out of copyright by now. Chevin (talk) 15:33, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

Broomhouse Tunnel
Broomhouse tunnel (on the "New Road") no longer exists as it was opened out in 1969. The relevant Railway Magazine article is July 1969 P409 and there`s a picture of the work in progress in the same years November edition on P636. I don`t know how to alter or amend the graphic so could someone else do that ! —Preceding unsigned comment added by JustinSmith (talk • contribs) 10:52, 6 December 2008 (UTC)
 * Nevertheless it did exist originally and its history is given in the article about it. Chevin (talk) 11:26, 6 December 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:North Midland Railway


text:
Ferdinand Piatnik

Ferdinand Piatnik (14 October 1819 - 20 July 1885) was an Austrian-Hungarian card painter, manufacturer, business magnate, philanthropist and the founder of Piatnik & Söhne.

Life
Born at Buda, Kingdom of Hungary (now Budapest, Hungary), he was educated in Pozsony (now Bratislava, Slovakia). He bought an Austrian card company from Anton Moser in 1843 and made it to one of the most successful game manufacturing companies in the world. He later married the widow of Anton Moser. After his three sons - Ferdinand, Adolf and Rudolf Paul - entered the company in 1882 it was renamed Ferdinand Piatnik & Söhne.

He died in Bad Vöslau.

title: Ferdinand Piatnik


text:
New Zealand geologic time scale

While also using the international geologic time scale, many nations–especially those with isolated and therefore non-standard prehistories–use their own systems of dividing geologic time into epochs and faunal stages.

In New Zealand, these epochs and stages use local place names (mainly Māori in origin) back to the Permian. Prior to this time, names mostly align to those in the Australian geologic time scale, and are not divided into epochs. In practice, these earlier terms are rarely used, as most New Zealand geology is of a more recent origin. In all cases, New Zealand uses the same periods as those used internationally; the renaming only applies to subdivisions of these periods. Very few epochs and stages cross international period boundaries, and the exceptions are almost all within the Cenozoic Era. New Zealand updates will always be behind any significant international updates in the International Geological Time Scale.

Although the New Zealand geologic time scale has not been formally adopted, it has been widely used by earth scientists, geologists and palaeontologists in New Zealand since J. S. Crampton proposed it in 1995. The most recent calibrated update was in 2015.

A standard abbreviation is used for these epochs and stages. These are usually in the form Xx, where the first letter is the initial letter of the epoch and the second (lower-case) letter is the initial letter of the stage. These are noted beside the stage names in the list below.

Currently, from the New Zealand perspective we are in the Haweran stage of the Wanganui epoch which is within the internationally defined Holocene epoch of the Quaternary  period of the Cenozoic era. The Haweran, which started some 340,000 years ago, is named after the North Island town of Hawera. The New Zealand stages and epochs are not the same as internationally defined periods and epochs (e.g. the Wanganui epoch started at 5.33 Ma which is within the Neogene period and matches the start of the international Pliocene epoch, but contains also the international Holocene and Pleistocene epochs).

List of New Zealand geologic time epochs and stages
Times given indicate the start of the respective stages and epochs. Several of these stages are further divided into upper and lower or upper, middle, and lower, although this has not been noted below unless unique names have been given to these sub-stages. As with the international geologic scale, these epochs and stages are largely named for locales where rock dating from these time periods is in evidence, with stage names predominantly but not always named for locales close to their epoch's namesake site. Where known, these places are also linked in the list below.

Devonian Period
Stages prior to the beginning of the Carboniferous Period use either international (Devonian/Silurian) or Australian (Ordovician/Cambrian) geologic stage names; very little New Zealand rock is known from these geologic periods.

Footnotes to time scale

 * 1)  This stage is sometimes further divided into Mangaoran (lower) and Waikatoan (upper). These are named after Mangaora Inlet (an arm of Kawhia Harbour) and the Waikato River.
 * 2)   This stage is sometimes further divided into Kiriteherean (lower) and Marokopan (upper). These are named after the Marokopa River and the nearby Kiritehere Stream.
 * 3)  Until the late 1960s, the Flettian and Barettian stages were together known as the Braxtonian stage (see Waterhouse 1969). This was named for Braxton Burn, a stream near Mossburn.
 * 4) Where not subdivided usual reason is no stages recognised due to absent record

Other References

 * Bishop, D.G., and Turnbull, I.M. (compilers) (1996). Geology of the Dunedin Area. Lower Hutt, NZ: Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences. ISBN 0-478-09521-X.
 * Hollis, C.J., Beu, A.G., Crampton, J.S., Crundwell, M.P., Morgans, H.E.G., Raine, J.I., Jones, C.M., Boyes, A.F. (2010). Calibration of the New Zealand Cretaceous - Cenozoic Timescale to GTS2004, GNS Science Report, 2010/43, 20p.
 * Waterhouse, J.B. (1969). "World correlations of New Zealand Permian stages," New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics, 12:4, pp. 713–737

title: New Zealand geologic time scale


text:
Roch Marc Christian Kaboré

Roch Marc Christian Kaboré (born 25 April 1957) is a Burkinabé banker and politician who served as the President of Burkina Faso from 2015 until he was deposed in 2022. He was the Prime Minister of Burkina Faso between 1994 and 1996 and President of the National Assembly of Burkina Faso from 2002 to 2012. Kaboré was also president of the Congress for Democracy and Progress (CDP) until his departure from the party in 2014. He founded the People's Movement for Progress party that same year.

Kaboré was elected president in the November 2015 general election, winning a majority in the first round of voting. Upon taking office, he became the first non-interim president in 49 years without any past ties to the military. Kaboré worked as a banker prior to his political career.

On 24 January 2022, during a coup d'état, Kaboré was deposed and detained by the military. After the announcement, the military declared that the parliament, government and constitution had been dissolved.

Early years
Kaboré was born in Ouagadougou, the capital city of Burkina Faso, then called Upper Volta. He is the son of Charles Bila Kaboré, former government minister and former Deputy Governor of the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO). He attended primary school from 1962 to 1968, when he received his CPS (Certificate of Primary School). On completing this basic education certificate, he attended the Collège Saint Jean-Baptiste de la Salle, a selective school in Ouagadougou. He studied there from 1968 to 1975, passing his BEPC or General Certificate ('O' Level) in 1972 and his baccalauréat ('A' level) in 1975. He went on to study economics at the University of Dijon, majoring in business administration. There, he completed his BA in 1979 and his Master's in 1980.

Kaboré met his future wife, Sika Bella Kaboré, while both were studying in France. The couple married in 1982 and have three children.

Banking career
Kaboré, like his father, Charles Bila Kaboré (who was a government minister under President Maurice Yaméogo), worked as a banker for the International Bank of Burkina (BIB). He was eventually promoted to head Burkina Faso's largest bank during the presidency of Thomas Sankara. In 1984, aged 27, he was named the General Director of the BIB; he remained in that post until September 1989, when he was appointed to the government.

Political career
He was in the government as a minister and a special adviser to the president and has been a deputy in the National Assembly. He became Prime Minister in 1994. When the Congress for Democracy and Progress was formed in early February 1996, Kaboré resigned as Prime Minister and became the new ruling party's First Vice-President, as well as Special Adviser at the Presidency.

On 6 June 2002, he was elected as President of the National Assembly of Burkina Faso, succeeding Mélégué Maurice Traoré.

In the May 2007 parliamentary election, Kaboré was re-elected to the National Assembly as the first candidate on the CDP's national list. Following the election, the National Assembly again elected Kaboré as its president. He received 90 votes, while Norbert Tiendrébéogo received 13; there were seven invalid votes.

Resignation from the CDP
Kaboré, along with a number of other prominent figures in the CDP, announced his resignation from the party on 6 January 2014. Those who resigned said that the party was being run in an undemocratic and damaging manner, and they expressed opposition to plans to amend the constitution to eliminate term limits, which would allow President Blaise Compaoré to stand for re-election in 2015. On 25 January 2014, a new opposition party led by Kaboré, the People's Movement for Progress (Mouvement du Peuple pour le Progrès, MPP), was founded.

Presidency
At an MPP convention held at the Ouagadougou Palais des Sports on 4–5 July 2015, Kaboré was officially confirmed as the MPP candidate for the presidential elections due to be held on 29 November 2015.

In the election of 29 November 2015, Kaboré won the election in the first round of voting, receiving 53.5% of the vote against 29.7% for the second place candidate, Zephirin Diabré. He was sworn in as President on 29 December 2015. He appointed Paul Kaba Thieba, an economist, as Prime Minister on 7 January 2016. The composition of the new government was announced on 13 January, with Kaboré personally taking charge of the ministerial portfolio for defense and veteran affairs. Jean-Claude Bouda, who had been Minister of Youth, was appointed on 20 February 2017 to take over from Kaboré as Minister of Defense.

He was reelected to a second term in the 22 November 2020 general elections with 57.74% of the vote.

Deposition and arrest
On 24 January 2022, Kaboré was deposed by the military. After the announcement, the military declared that the parliament, government, and constitution had been dissolved. The Patriotic Movement for Safeguard and Restoration (MPSR) shared his signed, hand-written resignation letter, which stated: "In the interests of the nation, following events that took place since yesterday, I have decided to resign from my role as president of Burkina Faso." It was afterwards reported that Kaboré had been detained at a military barracks. By February 2022, he was transferred to house arrest.

ECOWAS pressured the military regime to release Kaboré, and in April 2022, he was released from house arrest.

title: Roch Marc Christian Kaboré


text:
User:Kokoo

 K o k o o ‼ You'll find more about me at w:es:User:Kokoo.

title: User:Kokoo


text:
User talk:Veilsidericer

Image Tagging Image:Vpostell2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Vpostell2.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag, so its copyright status is therefore unclear. Please add a tag to let us know its copyright status. (If you created/took the picture then you can use to release it under the GFDL. If you can claim fair use use  .)  See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use. If you have uploaded other images, please check that you have tagged them, too. Note that any unsourced and untagged imaged will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thanks so much. --Michael 09:13, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Veilsidericer


text:
Samer Saadi

Samer Saadi (died 29 September 2005) was a leading figure in the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades in Jenin.

He was killed during an Israeli incursion into Jenin in the West Bank, along with two other Palestinian militants. (There are different reports of the names of the two others, but most accounts describe them as his cousin, also called Samer Saadi, and Nidal Ahluf.)

Later the same day, Zakaria Zubeidi, leader of the Al-Aqsa Brigades in Jenin, announced that his group's six-month ceasefire was now at an end.

title: Samer Saadi


text:
User:Josh Triplett

Anonymous contributions
The following are links to the contributions pages for some of the IP addresses I have used when editing, listed from oldest to newest:
 * Special:Contributions/4.5.64.12
 * Special:Contributions/71.111.73.106
 * Special:Contributions/71.111.48.148
 * Special:Contributions/71.111.51.95

External Homepage
Josh Triplett's homepage

title: User:Josh Triplett


text:
Wikipedia:WikiProject Missing encyclopedic articles/Hot/C3/Cf-Ch

Cf-Cg

 * 1) CF card
 * 2) CF2
 * 3) CFG file
 * 4) CFP2000
 * 5) CgFX
 * 6) CGI script
 * 7) Cgi-bin

Ch'a-Ch'i

 * 1) Ch'ang-Te
 * 2) Ch'ang-Tu
 * 3) Ch'en Chiung-Ming
 * 4) Ch'eng Hao and Ch'eng I
 * 5) Ch'eng Huang
 * 6) Ch'i Ju-Shan
 * 7) Ch'i-Chia Culture
 * 8) Ch'i-Lien Mountains
 * 9) Ch'i-Ying
 * 10) Ch'iang-T'ang
 * 11) Ch'in Kuei - Pinyin Qin Gui Sung dynasty minister (1090-1155)
 * 12) Ch'in River
 * 13) Ch'in Tomb - see Qin Shi Huang, which covers the first emperor's famous tomb in Xian.
 * 14) Ch'ing-Chiang
 * 15) Ch'ing-Liu Tang
 * 16) Ch'ing-Tsang Plateau

Ch'o-Ch'u

 * 1) Ch'oe Che-U
 * 2) Ch'oe Kyong
 * 3) Ch'oe Si-Hyong
 * 4) Ch'onan
 * 5) Ch'ongch'on River
 * 6) Ch'ongju
 * 7) Ch'uan-Ch'i

Cha

 * 1) Cha-Shitsu

Chara-Charc

 * 1) Characin
 * 2) Character based
 * 3) Character cell
 * 4) Character data
 * 5) Character device
 * 6) Character field
 * 7) Character graphics
 * 8) Character Map
 * 9) Character mode
 * 10) Character Piece
 * 11) Character pitch
 * 12) Character printer
 * 13) Character Studio
 * 14) Character tag
 * 15) Character terminal
 * 16) Character Writer
 * 17) Character-oriented protocol
 * 18) Charbonnages de France
 * 19) Charbray cattle
 * 20) Charcas
 * 21) Charcoal Drawing

Chare-Chari

 * 1) Charente River (France)
 * 2) Chares
 * 3) Charge Conservation
 * 4) Charge Density
 * 5) Charge-coupled devices
 * 6) Charge-density wave
 * 7) CHARGECARD
 * 8) Charged particle beams
 * 9) Charged particle optics
 * 10) Charikar
 * 11) Charity School

Charle
Charles A-Charles B Charles C Charles D Charles E-Charles F
 * 1) Charles A. Dana
 * 2) Charles Albert Bender
 * 3) Charles Alfred Pillsbury
 * 4) Charles Anthony Johnson Brooke
 * 5) Charles Atwood Kofoid
 * 6) Charles Auguste Louis Joseph
 * 7) Charles Auguste Émile Durand
 * 8) Charles Augustus
 * 9) Charles Avison
 * 10) Charles Barry
 * 11) Charles Bird King
 * 12) Charles Blake Cochran
 * 13) Charles Booth
 * 14) Charles Bordes
 * 15) Charles Brandon
 * 16) Charles Bridges
 * 17) Charles Burchfield
 * 18) Charles Burnham Wilkinson
 * 1) Charles Cagniard-Latour
 * 2) Charles Camille Saint-Saëns
 * 3) Charles Carroll
 * 4) Charles Chaillé-Long
 * 5) Charles Cheney Hyde
 * 6) Charles Chubb
 * 7) Charles Clinton Spaulding
 * 8) Charles Coffin Jewett
 * 9) Charles Colbert, Marquis de Croissy
 * 10) Charles Colbert
 * 11) Charles Colling
 * 12) Charles Cutler Torrey
 * 1) Charles Daniels
 * 2) Charles de Batz-Castelmore d' Artagnan
 * 3) Charles de Batz-Castelmore D'Artagnan
 * 4) Charles de la Boische
 * 5) Charles de Lafosse
 * 6) Charles de Marguetel de Saint-Denis de Saint-Évremond
 * 7) Charles de Valois
 * 8) Charles Debrille Poston
 * 9) Charles Delescluze
 * 10) Charles Despiau
 * 11) Charles Didelot
 * 12) Charles du Bos
 * 13) Charles du Fresne
 * 14) Charles Dullin
 * 15) Charles d'Orléans
 * 1) Charles E. Bessey
 * 2) Charles E. Duryea
 * 3) Charles E. Mitchell
 * 4) Charles Edward Cheney
 * 5) Charles Edward Coughlin
 * 6) Charles Edward Poulett Thomson
 * 7) Charles Edward Russell
 * 8) Charles Egbert Craddock
 * 9) Charles Ellet
 * 10) Charles Eugene Bedaux
 * 11) Charles Eugene, Vicomte de Foucauld
 * 12) Charles Evans
 * 13) Charles Ferdinand Pahud de Mortanges
 * 14) Charles Firth
 * 15) Charles Follen Adams


text:
Paulin Obame-Nguema

Paulin Obame-Nguema (28 December 1934 – 11 December 2023) was a Gabonese politician who was the Prime Minister of Gabon from 2 November 1994 to 23 January 1999. He was a Deputy in the National Assembly of Gabon.

Prime Minister (1994–1999)
Obame-Nguema was born in Libreville on 28 December 1934. Following 1994 negotiations between the government and the opposition, which resulted in the signing of the Paris Accords on 7 October 1994, President Omar Bongo appointed Obame-Nguema—a Fang and member of the Gabonese Democratic Party (PDG)—as Prime Minister. Although some members of the opposition were included in his government, the two key opposition leaders, Paul Mba Abessole and Pierre-Louis Agondjo-Okawe, refused to participate.

Obame-Nguema offered his resignation in June 1996, but he was retained in his post by President Bongo. In the December 1996 parliamentary election, he was elected to the National Assembly as a PDG candidate in Estuaire Province; following that election, Bongo reappointed him as Prime Minister on 27 January 1997, and a new government under Obame-Nguema was appointed on 28 January.

Later political activities
Bongo appointed Jean-François Ntoutoume-Emane to replace Obame-Nguema as Prime Minister in January 1999. Obame-Nguema was then appointed Minister of State for Public Health, Population, and Social Affairs in late January 1999 before being moved to the post of Minister of Social Affairs on 10 February 1999. He was again elected to the National Assembly as a Deputy from Estuaire Province in the December 2001 parliamentary election.

In the December 2006 parliamentary election, Obame-Nguema was re-elected to the National Assembly as the PDG candidate in Kango constituency, located in the Komo Kango Department of Estuaire Province. Due to his status as the oldest Deputy in the National Assembly, Obame-Nguema presided over the first meeting of the new parliamentary term, at which the Bureau of the National Assembly was elected, in January 2007. Guy Nzouba-Ndama was re-elected as President of the National Assembly, but Obame-Nguema encountered resistance from opposition deputies regarding the method of election for the other members of the Bureau. The opposition deputies left the chamber and did not participate in those votes. Obame-Nguema then invited Nzouba-Ndama to take his seat as President of the National Assembly.

At the PDG's 9th Ordinary Congress in September 2008, Obame-Nguema was designated as President Bongo's Personal Representative.

Death
Obame-Nguema died in Libreville, on 11 December 2023, at the age of 88.

title: Paulin Obame-Nguema


text:
Roots Bloody Roots

"Roots Bloody Roots" is a song by Brazilian heavy metal band Sepultura, released in February 1996 as the lead single from their sixth studio album Roots. It is the band's best known song and remains a concert staple, usually being performed on encores. A music video was filmed for the song, which features the band performing in a catacomb as well as on the streets with a tribe of percussionists. This video can be found on the VHS We Are What We Are, which was later released on DVD as part of Chaos DVD.

The song also appears in live form on the band's live releases Under a Pale Grey Sky and Live in São Paulo. Another live version appears on the limited edition digipak version of the band's 2000 album Nation. Former Sepultura frontman Max Cavalera has also played the song live numerous times with his other bands Soulfly and Cavalera Conspiracy. Recordings of their version can be found on the limited edition versions of the albums Soulfly and Prophecy and as iTunes bonus track on Conquer, as well as on the DVD The Song Remains Insane, plus on the bonus DVDs of Omen and Archangel.

Music video
The music video was directed by Thomas Mignone and won the Kerrang "Video of the Year Award" in 1996, as well as a nomination for the MTV Brazil "Best Rock Video" Award. Filming was done in the catacombs underneath the city of Salvador, where the Brazilian slaves were sold. The video is distinguished from other heavy metal imagery by its atypical use of the natural beauty of Brazil, including its traditional capoeira fight, Timbalada percussionists, and Afro-Brazilians people, as well as the reference to the religion of Candomblé. The video also shows scenes of Catholic churches.

Releases
The single was released on two CDs and 7" vinyl. The first CD was presented in a card foldout digipak case, while the second was in a standard slimline jewel case. Early copies of the digipak version were embossed with a stamp of the band's thorned 'S' logo. The vinyl was a strictly limited edition and was red in colour.

Track listing

 * Disc one (digipak)
 * 1) "Roots Bloody Roots"
 * 2) "Procreation (Of the Wicked)" (Celtic Frost cover)
 * 3) "Refuse/Resist" (live)
 * 4) "Territory" (live)

 * Disc two
 * 1) "Roots Bloody Roots"
 * 2) "Procreation (Of the Wicked)" (Celtic Frost cover)
 * 3) "Propaganda" (live)
 * 4) "Beneath the Remains/Escape to the Void" (live)

 * 7" red vinyl
 * 1) "Roots Bloody Roots"
 * 2) "Symptom of the Universe" (Black Sabbath cover. It also appears on Blood-Rooted and the limited edition of Roots)

 * Refuse/Resist, Territory, Propaganda, Beneath the Remains/Escape to the Void were recorded live in Minneapolis, Minnesota in March 1994

Sepultura

 * Max Cavalera – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
 * Andreas Kisser – lead guitar, backing vocals
 * Paulo Jr. – bass
 * Igor Cavalera – drums, percussion

Production

 * Produced by Ross Robinson and Sepultura
 * Recorded and engineered by Ross Robinson
 * Mixed by Andy Wallace
 * Assistant engineer: Richard Kaplan

title: Roots Bloody Roots