text:
Talk:Dante XXI

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title: Talk:Dante XXI


text:
Talk:George Wilbur Peck

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:George Wilbur Peck


text:
Talk:Chevrolet SS396

The premise of this whole article is a myth. The SS396 is an option on several models, not a separate model in and of itself. For example, see this car.

The foremost Chevelle site on the 'net, chevelles.com, has no mention of an SS396 model whatsoever, and several Google searches, such as this simple one, have failed to turn up a single substantiation that the SS396 is really its own model.

In addition, this article contains other factual inaccuracies, such as:
 * SS396, El Camino, Chevelle, Concours, 300 and 300 Deluxe, Malibu (There was no "Chevrolet 300" or "300 Deluxe" any time around 1968, nor was there a "Chevrolet Concours".)
 * In 1969 Chevrolet decided to make the SS396 an upgrade option for the Chevelle. (It has always been an upgrade option. This isn't new for '69.)

In the absence of factual backing that this is indeed a full fledged model, I am recommending that this article be deleted.

Novasource 02:57, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

What a load of horse dung!

title: Talk:Chevrolet SS396


text: Category:People from Inner Mongolia

title: Category:People from Inner Mongolia


text: User talk:68.197.183.7

title: User talk:68.197.183.7


text:
Indiana Railway Museum

The 'French Lick Scenic Railway is located in French Lick, Indiana, United States.

History
The Indiana Railway Museum was founded in 1961 in the Decatur County town of Westport with one locomotive and three passenger cars. The museum relocated to Greensburg and then in 1978 to French Lick after the Southern Railway deeded a total of sixteen miles of right of way stretching from West Baden, Indiana, approximately one mile north of French Lick, to a small village named Dubois, to the south. The museum eventually removed all artifacts and became a gift shop and ticket pick up area for the French Lick Scenic Railway which still operates today.

Collection
There is no longer a museum at the French Lick Scenic Railway, but its collection included more than 65 pieces of rolling stock and locomotives. The museum had three steam locomotives on display that are not operational and three operational diesel locomotives.

You can still ride the rails to this day! Excursions are typically powered by a diesel locomotive. The train could consist of an ALCO RS-1 or EMD GP16 pulling 3 ex Chicago and North Western Railroad bi-level commuter cars, a concession car, 4 ex Rock Island passenger cars, an ex Northern Pacific Budd dome car, and an ex Illinois Central caboose.

Locomotive Roster

IRM #4 - ALCO RS-1 - Ex Algers, Winslow and Western Railway #4, Built as Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic #103

IRM #6 - GE 80 Ton - Ex US Navy #65-00356

IRM #78 - ALCO S-2 - Ex Michigan Southern #78

IRM #97 - Baldwin 2-6-0 - Built as Mobile and Gulf #97

IRM 101 - ALCO S-4 - Ex Algers, Winslow and Western Railway #1

IRM 208 - Baldwin 2-6-0, built as Angelina and Neches River Railroad #208

IRM 1813 - EMD GP16 - Ex INRD 1813, built as Seaboard Air Line #1810

SFRTA 704 - Colorado Railcar DMU - Ex Tri Rail 704, acquired and delivered in 2024 along with unpowered cars 7001-7002.

SFRTA 706 - Colorado Railcar DMU - Ex Tri Rail 706, acquired and delivered in 2024.

Excursions
The museum operates the 10-mile stretch of the line between French Lick and Gradman station as a heritage railroad known as French Lick Scenic Railway.

Scenic excursions are based on a 20-mile round trip through portions of the scenic Hoosier National Forest and the 2200 foot Burton Tunnel and takes approximately 1 hour and 45 minutes.

Other special events are run year round. There is the dinosaur adventure train, the Easter bunny express, and the award winning Polar express.

There are also tasting trains for ages 21+. Wine, beer, tequila, and chocolate are a few of these tasting trains

title: Indiana Railway Museum


text: Category:Society of Poland

title: Category:Society of Poland


text: User talk:68.55.52.39

title: User talk:68.55.52.39


text:
User talk:Whatsyoureigenvalue?

Welcome to Wikipedia
Hello and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers such as yourself:

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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! -- Spinboy 03:00, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Whatsyoureigenvalue?


text:
User talk:Aubinpaul

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- Mike Garcia | talk 03:00, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
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Image tagging for Image:Blink_182-greatest_hits.jpg
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This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 08:21, 9 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Aubinpaul


text:
Hans Riesel

Hans Ivar Riesel (May 28, 1929 in Stockholm – December 21, 2014) was a Swedish mathematician who discovered the 18th Mersenne prime in 1957, using the computer BESK: this prime is 23217-1 and consists of 969 digits. He held the record for the largest known prime from 1957 to 1961, when Alexander Hurwitz discovered a larger one. Riesel also discovered the Riesel numbers as well as developing the Lucas–Lehmer–Riesel test. After having worked at the Swedish Board for Computing Machinery, he was awarded his Ph.D. from Stockholm University in 1969 for his thesis Contributions to numerical number theory, and in the same year joined the Royal Institute of Technology as a senior lecturer and associate professor.

title: Hans Riesel


text:
User talk:Saguaro

Welcome to Wikipedia
Hello and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers such as yourself:

 * Be Bold!
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 * Meet other new users
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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! -- Spinboy 03:00, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image (File:New-avengers50.jpg)
 Thanks for uploading File:New-avengers50.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of "file" pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you.  Zoo Fari  04:34, 7 November 2009 (UTC)

Fideo listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Fideo. Since you had some involvement with the Fideo redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Steel1943 (talk) 16:17, 9 September 2017 (UTC)

Outsider Within
Hi there, Saguaro. I would like to thank you for your recently published paper "Wikipedia and the Outsider Within: Black Feminism and Social Inequality in Knowledge Sharing". I have found Wiki Ed/Howard University/Sociology of Food and Agriculture (Fall 2018). I have read the paper in detail and turned up the contributions of your students. I've also mentioned the paper on Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Women in Red.--Ipigott (talk) 13:41, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Saguaro


text:
User talk:Mr Charlie

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia , Hopefully you will decide to stay here.

You may want to take a look at the welcome page, tutorial, and stylebook, avoiding common mistakes and Wikipedia is not pages.

Here are some links I've found useful:
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
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 * Merge
 * New user log
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Also: To sign comments on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~~~~. This will automatically add your username and the time after your comments. Signing with three tildes ~~~ will just sign your username.

I hope to see you around Wikipedia! If you have any questions, feel free to contact me on my talk page! Johann Wolfgang [ T ... C ]  03:00, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

I am Bored
Hello. This is quite tragic indeed, for I am leaving comments on my own page. Well I am quite bored right now, and sore, for yesterday I climbed up a mountain. I shant waste your time on my complaints though!

Farewell Mr Charlie

title: User talk:Mr Charlie


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Chevrolet SS396

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was redirect to Chevrolet SS - note that a number of the votes appear to be sockpuppets, and that there does not appear to be any salvagable material in the article that is not in Chevrolet SS. – ABCD✉ 08:28, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Chevrolet SS396
The article's fundamental premise and whole reason for existing is incorrect. The false idea is that that the "SS396" is a separate model and not just an option on models such as the Chevrolet Chevelle or Chevrolet El Camino. Deletion is also recommended because the article also has incorrect statements and does not add useful information that isn't already repeated elsewhere.

 * Delete per nomination. - Novasource 03:03, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge & Redirect to Chevrolet SS Anetode 03:53, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per anetode --Mysidia (talk) 05:58, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. Ayocee 16:29, 2 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. Brossow 17:33, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination.
 * Delete per nomination. 69.148.137.131 17:43, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. BBUSSE 17:54, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. 66.219.231.18 18:07, 7 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. 67.167.216.89 02:30, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nomination. 209.235.165.4 14:17, 15 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text: User talk:70.243.67.226

title: User talk:70.243.67.226


text: User talk:70.26.148.80

title: User talk:70.26.148.80


text:
William Pierrepont (politician)

William Pierrepont (c. 1607 – 17 July 1678) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1640 and 1660. He supported the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War.

Life
Pierrepont was the second son of Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull and his wife Gertrude Talbot, daughter of Hon. Henry Talbot of Burton Abbey, Yorkshire. He matriculated from Emmanuel College, Cambridge in 1624 and was admitted at Lincoln's Inn on 1 April 1627. He was appointed Sheriff of Shropshire for 1638

In April 1640, Pierrepont was elected Member of Parliament for Shropshire in the Short Parliament. He was elected MP for Great Wenlock in the Long Parliament in November 1640. He threw his influence on the side of peace and took part for the parliament in the negotiations with Charles I at Oxford in 1643. Pierrepont was a member of the committee of both kingdoms, and represented the parliamentary party during the deliberations at Uxbridge in 1645; but from that time, according to Clarendon, he forsook his moderate attitude, and contracted more bitterness and sourness than formerly. This statement, however, is perhaps somewhat exaggerated, as Pierrepont favored the resumption of negotiations with the king in 1647, and in the following year his efforts on behalf of peace at Newport, where again he represented the parliamentarians, brought upon him some slight censure from Cromwell.

For his services at Newport he was thanked by Parliament; but he retired from active political life soon afterwards, as he disliked the purging of the House of Commons by Colonel Pride and the proceedings against the king. In spite of his moderate views Pierrepont enjoyed the personal friendship of Cromwell. He was elected MP for Nottinghamshire in 1654 for the First Protectorate Parliament. Although elected, he would not sit in the parliament of 1656, nor would he take the place offered to him in the Protector's House of Lords. When Richard Cromwell succeeded his father, Pierrepont was an unobtrusive but powerful influence in directing the policy of the government, and after a short period of retirement on Richard's fall he was chosen, early in 1660, a member of the council of state but refused to take his seat when secluded members were readmitted to the Restored Rump. He was elected MP for Nottinghamshire in the Convention Parliament of 1660, and probably was instrumental in saving the lives of some of the parliamentary leaders. At the general election of 1661 he was defeated, and, spending the remainder of his life in retirement, he died in 1678.

Family
Pierrepont married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Thomas Harries, Bart., of Tong Castle, Shropshire, by whom he had five sons and five daughters:
 * Robert Pierrepont (died 1666), eldest son, was the father of Robert Pierrepont, 3rd Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, William Pierrepont, 4th Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, and Evelyn Pierrepont, 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull;
 * Gervase Pierrepont (1649–1715), third son, was created Baron Pierrepont in 1701, a title which became extinct on his death.
 * Frances Pierrepont (b. 1 September 1630 in Thoresby, Nottinghamshire, d. 23 September 1695 in London), daughter, married Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, in 1652.
 * Grace Pierrepont, daughter, married Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare, on 9 July 1655.
 * Gertrude Pierrepont, (b. 1641 - 1727), daughter, married George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, in 1672.

title: William Pierrepont (politician)


text:
User:Nolesce

Nolesce is

Carlton E. Noles

That is me.

That is all

title: User:Nolesce


text:
User talk:Jbtilden

Welcome to Wikipedia
Hello and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers such as yourself:

 * Be Bold!
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I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! -- Spinboy 03:01, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jbtilden


text: Category:Power stations in Poland

title: Category:Power stations in Poland


text:
Bois D'Arc, Missouri

Bois D'Arc is an unincorporated community in Greene County, Missouri, United States, approximately 15 miles northwest of Springfield. The community is part of the Springfield, Missouri Metropolitan Statistical Area.

A post office called Bois D'arc has been in operation since 1868. The community was named for an individual osage-orange tree (also known as a bois d'arc) which stood near the original town site.

title: Bois D'Arc, Missouri


text:
User:Fadix/EL

Wikipedia is not a web directory. However, adding a certain number of external links is of valuable service to our readers. No page should consist solely of a collection of external links. Wikipedia always prefers internal links, even to non-existent articles, over external links. See also When should I link externally.

What to link to
In Wikipedia, it is possible to link to external websites. Such links are referred to as "external links". Many articles have a small section containing a few external links. There are a few things which should be considered when adding an external link.
 * 1) Is it accessible?
 * 2) Is it proper? (useful, tasteful, etc?)
 * 3) Is it entered correctly?

In general, external links should be accessible by the widest audience possible. That is, try to avoid sites requiring payment, registration, or extra applications (Flash, Java, etc.) to see the relevant content, at least if there is a simpler site available. If the best/only site does have such requirements, it is best to include a note to that effect. For people with a slow connection, also mention the size if that is large. Examples: "(requires Java)", "(1 MB PDF file)", "(requires registration)". The same applies to any sites with ads that spawn new windows.

What should be linked to

 * 1) Official sites should be added to the page of any organization, person, or other entity that has an official site.
 * 2) Sites that have been cited or used as references in the creation of a text. Intellectual honesty requires that any site actually used as a reference be cited. To fail to do so is plagiarism.
 * 3) If a book or other text that is the subject of an article exists somewhere on the Internet it should be linked to.
 * 4) On articles with multiple Points of View, a link to sites dedicated to each, with a detailed explanation of each link. The number of links dedicated to one POV compared to another should be dependent to the proportion to its representation among experts on the subject, or among the concerned parties.
 * 5) One should attempt to add comments to these links informing the reader of what their POV is, and the presentation of the comment should respect Neutral Point of View, since it is part of the article.
 * 6) High content pages that contain neutral and accurate material not already in the article. Ideally this content should be integrated into the Wikipedia article at which point the link would remain as a reference.

Maybe OK to add

 * 1) For albums, movies, books: one or two links to professional reviews which express some sort of general sentiment. For films, Movie Review Query Engine, Internet Movie DataBase, Rotten Tomatoes and Metacritic offer especially large collections of reviews. To access the list of other collections of movie reviews available online, please use this link.
 * 2) Web directories: When deemed appropriate by those contributing to an article on Wikipedia, a link to one web directory listing can be added, with preference to open directories (if two are comparable and only one is open). If deemed unnecessary, or if no good directory listing exists, one should not be included.
 * 3) Fan sites: On articles about topics with many fansites, including a link to one major fansite is appropriate, marking the link as such. In extreme cases, a link to a web directory of fansites can replace this link.

What should not be linked to

 * 1) Wikipedia disapproves strongly of links that are added for advertising purposes. Adding links to one's own page is strongly discouraged.  The mass adding of links to any website is also strongly discouraged, and any such operation should be raised at the Village Pump or other such page and approved by the community before going ahead.  Persistently linking to one's own site is considered Vandalism and can result in sanctions.  See also External link spamming.
 * 2) Links to a site that is selling products, unless it applies via a "do" above.
 * 3) Links to sites, which are freely hosted, and which the domain name is the one of the hoster, are strongly discouraged, unless a notable person is the author and that his name and contact(example, email address) is present in the site.
 * 4) Links to sites, which is principally the opinion of an individual(original research), about the subject, unless the person is notable, or has written a notable book, in the domain treated in the article.
 * 5) Links to sites, when the material included in it, is already present in other links already included in the article.
 * 6) Of course, links to sites, which the subject has little to do with the subject of the article.
 * 7) Ideally, sites which take position, and mostly treats about elements of the subject of the article, should not be included, if those elements are not covered in the article. More particularly, when those elements covered are disagreed by most of experts on the subject, or among the concerned parties. Edit the article and cover it, and present the different positions concerning that point, and then, you could include that site. This restriction does not apply to a site, that does not take position, or an official site of a position.

What can be done with a dead external link
External links to dead URLs are of no use to Wikipedia articles. Such dead links should either be removed or updated with archived versions, which may be found at the Internet Archive Wayback Machine.

Note that some dead links are caused by vandalism (for example, a vandal disabling links to products competing with vandal's favorite product). It may therefore be worth checking to see if there is a working link in earlier versions of article. Some vandalism of this type is quite subtle, e.g., replacing ASCII letters in the URL with identical-looking Cyrillic letters.

External links section
There are two basic formats for external links. The most common is to add a list of external links at the end of an article. Put here, in list form, any web sites that you have used or recommend for readers of the article. The standard format for these is to have a top level header named "External links" followed by a bullet list of links.

If an article has a large number of external links, it may be helpful to use subheaders to classify them. This can be done using another level of section heading, which will then appear in the table of contents, or with the "semi-colon" syntax, like this: which yields:
 * External Links
 * Link 1
 * Link 2
 * External Links
 * Link 1
 * Link 2

If you link to another website, you should give your reader a good summary of the site's contents, and the reasons why this specific website is relevant to the article in question. If you cite an online article, try to provide as much meaningful citation information as possible.

"External links" vs "External link"
Some editors use the header "External link" if there is only one link, but others use "External links" in all cases. There is currently no consensus on which is better. Editors who always use the plural form may prefer it for any of the following reasons:

 * 1) experience shows that future editors often add links without changing the section heading
 * 2) people may be dissuaded from adding links to a section titled "External link" since it seems that there should only be one link
 * 3) using "External links" gives greater stylistic consistency to Wikipedia

The converse arguments are:
 * 1) Wikipedia's community-editing leads to prompt correction of such oversights.
 * 2) There is no evidence that a significant number of people would be dissuaded from adding links.  Besides, additional links would often be redundant.
 * 3) Use of "External links" to is fundamentally incorrect, a poor precedent to set in an encyclopedia

title: User:Fadix/EL


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Power City

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. — J I P | Talk 17:43, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Power City
non-notable imaginary city Cnwb 03:03, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. I took out an external link to an online shop. Kappa 03:41, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Can it be speedied as nonsense? --Scott Davis Talk 03:42, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete no context. Andrew pmk | Talk 03:48, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately it does make sense. I doubt if anyone would complain if it got speedied though. Kappa 03:50, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Can't we speedy this as A1, then? Doesn't provide much context to me... If not, delete anyway.  Ilmari Karonen 16:02, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Google for '"Teri Hiatt" "power city"' turns up zero hits. User:Zoe|(talk) 22:50, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
Permanent makeup

Permanent makeup, also known as permanent cosmetics, derma-pigmentation, micro-pigmentation, semi-permanent makeup and cosmetic tattooing, is a cosmetic technique which employs tattoos (permanent pigmentation of the dermis) as a means of producing designs that resemble makeup, such as eye-lining and other permanent enhancing colors to the skin of the face, lips, and eyelids. It is also used to produce artificial eyebrows, particularly in people who have lost them as a consequence of old age, disease, such as alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, chemotherapy, or a genetic disturbance, and to disguise scars and hypopigmentation in the skin such as in vitiligo. It is also used to restore or enhance the breast's areola, such as after breast surgery, or to give an illusion of more hair volume to the scalp.

History
The first documented permanent makeup treatment was done by the famous U.K. tattoo artist Sutherland MacDonald. In 1902, at his parlor, #76 Jermyn Str., London, he "perfected his method of giving a lasting complexion of the utmost delicacy to pale cheeks." The tattooist George Burchett, a major developer of the technique when it became fashionable in the 1930s, described in his memoirs how beauty salons tattooed many women without their knowledge, offering it as a "complexion treatment... of injecting vegetable dyes under the top layer of the skin."

Long-term results
The best possible colour results can perform for many years or may begin to fade over time. The amount of time required for this depends per person. While permanent makeup pigment remains in the dermis, its beauty-span may be influenced by several possible factors, including environmental, procedural and/or individual factors. Sun exposure fades colour. The amount and colour of pigment deposit at the dermal level can affect the length of time that permanent makeup looks its best. Very natural-looking applications are likely to require a touch-up before more dramatic ones for this reason. Individual influences include lifestyles that find an individual in the sun regularly, such as with gardening or swimming. Skin tones are a factor in colour value changes over time.

Imperfections
There are cases of undesired results. These may include typical regret associated with any kind of tattoos, changing makeup fashions, and the degrading of results over time.

Removal
As with tattoos, permanent makeup can be difficult to remove. Common techniques used for this are laser tattoo removal, dermabrasion (physical or chemical exfoliation), and surgical removal. Different types of chemical removals have also become a popular option for permanent makeup removal.

Adverse effects and complications
As with tattoos, permanent makeup may have complications, such as migration, allergies to the pigments, formation of scars, granulomas and keloids, skin cracking, peeling, blistering and local infection. While it is typically applied in sterile conditions similar to that of a tattoo, the use of unsterilized tattooing instruments may infect the patient with serious diseases such as HIV and hepatitis. Removal problems may also ensue, due to patient dissatisfaction or regret, and they may be particularly difficult to remove in places such as eyelids and lips without leaving permanent sequelae. Compliance with 'standard precautions' and a uniform code of safe practice should be insisted upon by a person considering undergoing a cosmetic tattoo procedure.

In the United States the inks used in permanent makeup are subject to approval as cosmetics by the Food and Drug Administration. The pigments used in the inks are color additives, which are subject to pre-market approval under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. However, because of other competing public health priorities in the United States and a previous lack of evidence of safety problems specifically associated with these pigments, FDA traditionally has not exercised regulatory authority for color additives on the pigments used in tattoo inks.

It is essential that technicians use appropriate personal protective equipment to protect the health of the technician and the client particularly in the prevention of transmission of blood-borne pathogens.

It is also essential that technicians have been properly trained in the application of pigment into the skin to avoid migration. Tattoo pigments can "migrate" when a technician "overworks" an area, especially around the eyes where the pigment can "bleed" into surrounding tissue. Migration is generally avoidable by not over-working swollen tissue. Understanding the need to minimize swelling and recognize a good stopping point is paramount to successful application. Removing migrated pigment is a difficult and complicated process.

On very rare occasions, people with permanent makeup have reported swelling or burning in the affected areas when they underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However a detailed review of the cases within the medical literature involving cosmetic tattoos indicates that poor quality pigments, pigments adulterated with heavy metals, and pigments with diamagnetic properties may have been the causative factors in most of those cases.

Topical anaesthetics are often used by technicians prior to cosmetic tattooing and there is the potential for adverse effects if topical anaesthetics are not used safely. In 2013 the International Industry association CosmeticTattoo.org published a detailed position and general safety precautions for the entire industry.

The causes of a change of colour after cosmetic tattooing are both complex and varied. As discussed in the detailed industry article "Why Do Cosmetic Tattoos Change Colour", primarily there are four main areas that have influence over the potential for a cosmetic tattoo to change colour;

 * 1) Factors related to the pigment characteristics
 * 2) Factors related to the methods and techniques of the tattooist
 * 3) Factors intrinsic to the client
 * 4) Factors related to the client's environment and medicines

Examples

The eyebrow tattooing is an example of a "powdery filled" technique as opposed to individual hairline strokes since the client already has eyebrow hair but simply wanted an enhancement and shaping. The top eyeliner represents a thin eyeliner tattoo and a "lash enhancement" procedure that is used to define the eye without making it look excessively made up.

title: Permanent makeup


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Joseph-François Armand

Joseph-François Armand (14 December 1820 – 1 January 1903) was a member of the Senate of Canada. Born Joseph-Flavien Armand in Rivière-des-Prairies, Lower Canada, he was a farmer before entering politics. In 1858, he was elected to the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada in the Alma division and served until 1867. A Conservative, he was appointed to the Senate on 23 October 1867 by a royal proclamation of Queen Victoria following Canadian Confederation earlier that year. He represented the senatorial division of Repentigny, Quebec until his death.

title: Joseph-François Armand


text:
Moi University

Moi University is a public university located in Kesses, Eldoret town, Uasin Gishu county, in the former Rift Valley Province of Kenya. It was established in 1984 by the Moi University Act of the Parliament of Kenya, after recommendations from the McKay Commission.

The current chancellor of the university is Professor Miriam Were while the vice-chancellor is Professor Isaac Sanga Kosgey.

History
Moi University was first established in 1984. In its first year of existence, there was only one department - the Department of Forestry. The enrollment that year was 83.

The university's school of medicine was established in 1996, and was the second school of medicine established in the country.

The university's first VC was Professor D. Odhiambo, who served from 1984 to 1988.

The current Vice Chancellor of Moi University is Prof. Isaac Sanga Kosgey.

MU in the 21st century
Most of the university's campuses became fully fledged universities in the early 2010s.

The Garissa University College attack of 2015 occurred at the university's Garissa campus. In this incident, 5 gunmen claiming association with Al-Shabaab took over 700 students hostage, freeing those identified as Muslim, and killing 142 identified as Christians, with over 79 others injured in the attack plus 6 military and police fatalities. The siege was lifted the same day, with 4 of the attackers killed by the Kenyan GSU and one committing suicide via an explosive vest.

From its founding, the university had no officially recognised mascot. However, in early 2017, students from the School of Engineering chose the Nandi bear to be their mascot and, pending consensus from other Schools, the university's mascot. It was chosen for its legendary status among the Nandi people (the university was founded in Kesses, which was predominantly settled by the Nandi) and was given a temporary name - "Kerit the Bear".

Schools
The university emphasizes science and technology. It has the following schools:

 * School of Agriculture and Natural Resources;
 * School of Aerospace Science;
 * School of Arts and Social Sciences;
 * School of Biological and Physical Sciences;
 * School of Business and Economics;
 * School of Education;
 * School of Engineering;
 * College of Health Sciences;
 * School of Dentistry;
 * School of Medicine;
 * School of Nursing;
 * School of Public Health;
 * School of Information Sciences;
 * School of Law;
 * School of Tourism Hospitality and Events Management;
 * School of Graduate Studies

Institutes

 * Institute for Gender Equity, Research and Development;
 * Peace and Reconciliation Institute;
 * Institute of Biomedical Informatics;
 * Institute of Open & Distance Learning;
 * Confucius Institute

Campuses

 * Main Campus [Eldoret]
 * Town Campus, including:
 * College of Health Sciences Medical Complex
 * School of Aerospace Sciences (Rivatex)
 * School of Law (Annex)
 * Nairobi campus
 * Coast campus (Pwani)

Constituent colleges

 * Garissa University College

Satellite campuses

 * College of Health Sciences
 * Annex Town Campus
 * West Campus
 * Mombasa Campus
 * Nairobi Campus

Graduation
Graduation ceremonies are held each year at the Graduation Pavilion.

Kesses Dam
Boat rides in Kesses Dam are popular among students. Dating students, student clubs as well as individuals can enjoy a boat ride at the dam offered by local dam guides at a small fee.

Social
A nearby shopping centre called "Stage" supplies most of the students' economic needs. There can be found minimarts, nightclubs, convenience stores and other economic activities here. The origin of the name is from the time when the area was a stop for matatus that plied the Kesses-Eldoret Town route.

Religious services are available at the Grace Chapel ('GC', Protestant), Lecture Hall 1 (Christian Union) and at St. Michael's Chapel (Catholic).

Clubs and societies
Some of the newspapers/publications are The 3rd Eye, "Legacy", "AIESEC" among others. There are numerous societies for student engagement, such as Enactus, etc. The student radio station is 103.9MUFM.

Student body
The Moi University Students Organisation (MUSO) serves the student community in the pursuit of academic and social welfare. Elections are held at the end of every academic year (October/November.

Engineering

 * Mugo Kibati (1991)

Literature, poetry

 * Mildred Barya

Law

 * Ronald Osumba

Sport

 * David Kenga

Economics

 * Nduku Kilonzo

Journalism

 * Vincent Makori
 * Dorcas Wangira

Politics

 * Peter Kagwanja
 * James Ole Kiyiapi
 * Aden Duale
 * Mwangi Kiunjuri (1994)
 * Joshua Kutuny (2006)
 * Abbas Abdullahi Sheikh Siraji

title: Moi University


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title: User talk:68.108.242.221


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title: File:Wben-logo.jpg


text: User talk:141.151.78.187

title: User talk:141.151.78.187


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Taggart Hall

Taggart Hall is a late 18th-century residence that houses the Fort Mill Ridge Foundation and its Fort Mill Ridge Civil War Trenches museum. It is at 91 South High Street, Romney, West Virginia. Next to Taggart Hall on Gravel Lane is Romney's oldest structure, the Wilson-Wodrow-Mytinger House (c. 1760).

Frances Taggart (Tygart), a Quaker, constructed Taggart Hall in the 1790s on a lot at the corner of High Street and Gravel Lane laid out in the original 1762 Romney survey conducted on behalf of Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron. Taggart Hall was initially built as a clapboard "half-house". The original eighteenth-century structure was expanded to accommodate the Fort Mill Ridge Foundation.

title: Taggart Hall


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List of universities and colleges in Kenya

This is a list of universities and colleges in Kenya. Kenya has a number of universities and other institutions of higher learning. There are 30 public universities, 30 chartered private universities and 30 universities with Letter of Interim Authority (LIA).

These universities are established through institutional Acts of Parliament under the Universities Act, 2012 which provides for the development of university education, the establishment, accreditation and governance of universities. According to a 2004 report on reforming higher education in Kenya, the rapid expansion of university education in the country was a spontaneous response to the increasing demand for higher education necessitated by the increasing flow of students from schools.

From July 2014, all government and private institutions offering technical and vocational education and training were put under TVET (Technical and Vocational Education and Training). This act normalized this sector as it had become tainted by unaccredited institutions offering substandard education as revealed by The Standard and The Star. there were 540 institutions accredited by the Authority.

Technical and Vocational Education and Training Institutions
Kenya Christian Industrial Training Institute- KCITI
 * Ambritch College of Technology
 * East Africa Institute of Certified Studies
 * Talanta Institute
 * Africa Digital Media Institute - ADMI
 * AirSwiss International College
 * Amboseli Institute of Hospitality and Technology - Thika, Nakuru
 * Nairobi Institute of Software Development
 * NairoBits Collage
 * Nairobi Industrial Institute Collage
 * Atlas College -Eastleigh Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Highways and Building Technology (KIHBT)- Nairob
 * Adept College of Professional Studies - Nakuru.
 * African Institute of Research and Development Studies, Bandari College
 * Baraton Teachers' Training College - Nandi Central Kapsabet
 * Bungoma North Technical Vocational College -Naitiri
 * Consolata Cathedral Institute -Nyeri
 * Cascade Institute of Hospitality - Thika
 * ELDORET TECHNICAL TRAINING INSTITUTE
 * Eldoret Polytechnic - Eldoret
 * Emma Daniel Arts Training Institute (EDATI)
 * Government Training Institute (GTI)
 * Gusii Institute of Technology
 * Harvard Institute of Development Studies - Thika
 * Hemland College of Professional and Technical Studies - Thika
 * ICT Fire and Rescue - Thika
 * Indian Institute of Hardware Technology- IIHT Westlands, Nairobi
 * International Centre of Technology (ICT-Thika) - Thika
 * Intraglobal Training Institute -Nairobi CBD
 * Intraglobal Training Institute -Kisumu
 * Intraglobal Training Institute -Kisii
 * Intraglobal Training Institute -Embu
 * Intraglobal Training Institute -Nakuru
 * Intraglobal Training Institute -Donholm
 * Jaffery Institute of Professional Studies - Mombasa
 * Kabete National Polytechnic
 * Kagumo College
 * Kaiboi Technical Training Institute
 * The Kenya College of Science and Technology
 * Kenya Forestry College - Londiani
 * Kenya Forestry Research Institute
 * Keshnya School of Government (Formerly Kenya Institute of Administration (KIA))
 * Kenya Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Technology - Nakuru
 * Kenya Institute of Management (KIM)
 * Kenya Institute of Mass Communication - South C
 * Kenya Institute of Monitoring and Evaluation Studies (KIMES) - Nakuru
 * Kenya Institute of Software Engineering - Thika
 * Kenya Medical Training Centre (KMTC)
 * Kenya School of Government
 * Kenya School of Medical Science and Technology
 * Kenya School of Monetary Studies - Ruaraka
 * Kenya Science Teachers College, University of Nairobi
 * Kenya Technical Teachers College (KTTC)
 * Kenya Utalii College
 * Kenya Water Institute - South C, Nairobi
 * Kenya Wildlife Service Training Institute - Naivasha
 * Kiambu Institute of Science and Technology
 * Kigari Teachers College - Embu
 * Kilimambogo Teachers College - Kilimambogo
 * Kipkabus Technical and Vocational College (KTVC)
 * Kisumu Polytechnic - Makasembo
 * Kitale Technical Institute - Kitale
 * Machakos Institute of Technology - Machakos
 * Mboya Labour College - Kisumu
 * Michuki Technical Institute - Muranga
 * Nairobi Aviation College - Kisumu Campus
 * Nakuru Counseling & Training Institute - Nakuru
 * PC Kinyanjui Technical Training Institute (PCKTTI)
 * Railway Training Institute - South B, Nairobi
 * Ramogi Institute of Advanced Technology - Kisumu
 * Rift Valley Technical Training Institute - Nakuru
 * Sacred Training Institute - Bungoma and Nairobi Campuses
 * Savannah Institute for Business and Informatics - Nakuru
 * Sensei Institute of Technology for Plant Operator Training
 * Sirisia Youth Polytechnic
 * Teachers College
 * Technical Training Institute (MTTI) - Mombasa
 * The Thika Technical Training Institute - Thika
 * Techno Links Ltd
 * United Africa College - Nairobi
 * Rift Valley Institute of Science & Technology - Nakuru
 * Vision Empowerment Training Institute- Nairobi
 * Vision Empowerment Training Institute- Kitengela
 * Vision Stars Training Institute - Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Development Studies (K.I.D.S.) - Nairobi

Proprietary schools

 * Africa College of Social Work
 * African Institute of Research and Development Studies
 * AirSwiss International College - Nairobi
 * Airways Travel Institute
 * Alphax College - Eldoret
 * Amani College
 * Arkline College - Nairobi
 * Associated Computer Services - Development House, Nairobi
 * AUGAB Computer College - Garissa
 * Augustana College - Kasarani - Nairobi
 * Australian Studies Institute (AUSI) - Westlands, Nairobi
 * Bell Institute of Technology - Nairobi
 * Belmont International College-Ongata Rongai - Kajiado
 * Bible College of East Africa, Kasarani - Nairobi
 * BizSmart Inter Technology
 * Bungoma Technical Training Institute - Bungoma
 * Career Training Centre - Nairobi
 * Cascade Institute of Hospitality - Thika
 * Centre for Distance & Online Learning - Nairobi
 * Century Park College - Machakos
 * Coast Institute of Technology
 * College of Management Sciences - Nairobi CBD
 * Compuera College - Nairobi
 * Compugoal College - Nairobi
 * Computer Learning Centre (CLC) - Nairobi
 * Computer Pride Training Centre - Nairobi
 * Computer Training Centre - Nairobi
 * NEWVIEW COLLEGE - Nairobi
 * Intraglobal Training Institute- Nairobi
 * Consolata Cathedral Institute -Nyeri
 * Consolata Institute of Communication and Technology - Nyeri-Mathari
 * Cornerstone Training Institute - Nairobi
 * Dairy Training Institute Naivasha (DTI Naivasha)
 * Digital Resource Center (DRC) - Karama Estate, Nakuru
 * Digiworld Computer School - Meru
 * Don Bosco Boy's Town - Karen
 * Don Bosco Institute of Management Studies, Nairobi
 * Duolotech Computers - Gachie and Thika
 * Eagle Air Aviation College (EAAC) - Ongata Rongai
 * Eagle College of Management Studies
 * East Africa Institute of Certified Studies - Nairobi
 * East Africa School of Journalism (EASJ) - Jamuhuri show ground
 * East Africa School of Management - Nairobi
 * East Africa Vision Institute
 * East African Media Institute (EAMI) - Nairobi
 * East African School of Aviation - Embakasi, Nairobi
 * Eldoret Technical Training Institute - Eldoret
 * Eldoret Aviation Training Institute - Eldoret
 * Elite Centre - Embakasi - Nairobi, Mlolongo next to Co-operative Bank, Stepup Training Institute, Nakuru
 * Elite Commercial Institute - Embakasi, Syokimau, satellite branches
 * Elix Centre of Informatics - Lokichar-Turkana
 * Emanex Computer College - Kahawa
 * Esmart College - Kikuyu Town
 * Felma College - Nairobi - Embakasi
 * German Institute of Professional Studies - Nairobi
 * Globoville Shanzu Beach College - Mombasa
 * Graffins College - Westlands, Nairobi
 * Gusii Institute of Technology - Kisii
 * Hansons College of Professional Studies - Gachie Nairobi/Kuimbu
 * Hemland Computer Institute – Thika, Thika Arcade 5th Floor
 * Hi-tec Institute of Professional Studies - Mombasa CBD
 * Higher Institute of Development Studies - CBD, Nairobi
 * Holy Rosary College - Tala
 * ICT Fire and Rescue
 * The iNet College - Bungoma Cooperative Bank Building, 3rd floor, Bungoma County
 * Institute of Advanced Technology - Loita House, Loita Street, Buruburu, Nairobi
 * Institute of Advanced Technology Campus - Westlands
 * Institute of Business and Technology - Nakuru
 * Institute of Information Technology Studies & Research - Nairobi, Ambank Hse, University Way
 * Institute of Zaburi Technologies - Nairobi CBD
 * Inter-Afrika Development Institute - NACICO Plaza 4th Floor, Nairobi
 * International Centre of Technology (ICT-Thika) - Thika
 * International College of Kenya - Nairobi/Machakos
 * International Hotel & Tourism Institute - Nairobi
 * InterWorld College - Nairobi
 * Intraglobal Training Institute - Nairobi, Kisumu, Nakuru, Embu, Kisii
 * Jodan College of Technology - Thika
 * Jogoo Commercial College - Nakuru
 * Karatina Institute of Technology (KIT-Karatina) - Karatina
 * Keiway Mining & Technology College - Equity Bank Bldg, Mtwapa
 * Kenair travel and related studies - Nairobi and Mombasa
 * Kenya Aeronautical College (Aviation, Engineering & Cabin Crew) Wilson Airport - Nairobi
 * Kenya Christian Industrial Training Institute (KCITI) - Eastleigh Campus
 * Kenya College of Communications Technology - Mbagathi, Nairobi
 * Kenya College of Medicine & Related Studies - Nairobi
 * The Kenya College of Science and Technology
 * Kenya College of Skills and Talent Development - Embakasi
 * Kenya Institute of Administration (KIA) - Kabete
 * Kenya Institute of Applied Sciences
 * Kenya Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Technology (KIBSAT) - Nakuru
 * Kenya Institute of Development Studies (KIDS) - Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Management (KIM) - Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Mass Communication - South C, Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Media and Technology (KIMT) - Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Professional Studies - Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Social Work and Community Development (KISWCD) - CBD, Nairobi
 * Kenya Institute of Special Education (KISE) - Kasarani, Nairobi
 * Kenya School of Accountancy and Finance - Kitale and Kisii
 * Kenya School of Professional Counseling & Behavioural Sciences (KSCBS)
 * Kenya School of Professional Studies (KSPS) - Parklands, Nairobi
 * Kenya School of Technology Studies (KSTS)- Thika
 * Kenya Science Teachers College - Jamhuri, Nairobi
 * Kenya Technical Teachers College – Gigiri, Nairobi
 * Kenya Utalii College - Nairobi
 * Kenya Water Institute - South C, Nairobi
 * Kenya Wildlife Service Training Institute - Naivasha
 * Kericho Teachers College – Kericho
 * Kiambu Institute of Science and Technology – Kiambu
 * Kigari Teachers College – Embu
 * Kilimambogo Teachers College - Kilimambogo
 * Kima International School of Theology (KIST) - Kima, Western Province of Kenya
 * Kimathi Chambers
 * Kinyanjui Technical Training Institute - Riruta, Nairobi
 * Kisumu Polytechnic - Makasembo, Kisumu
 * Lake Region Business training and Consultancy - Naivasha, Kwa Muhia
 * Lakeview Training Institute - Naivasha Kangiri House
 * Language School in Kenya, The - Chania Avenue, Kilimani Nairobi
 * Mark University of IT - Uganda
 * Mawego Technical Institute - Kendu Bay
 * Maxton College Of Media & Communications - Nairobi Umo
 * Meru Technical Institute - Meru
 * Migori Teachers college, Migori
 * Mosoriot Teachers College – Eldoret
 * Motion City International - Multimedia School, The Make Up Place
 * Murang'a Institute of Technology – Murang'a
 * Na rap Training Institute - Yaya Centre
 * Nairobi Aviation College - Nairobi
 * Nairobi Film School - Kipande Road, opposite National Museum of Kenya
 * Nairobi Institute of Business studies (NIBS)
 * Nairobi Institute of Software Development - Nairobi
 * Nairobi Institute of Technology Westlands
 * Naivasha Computer & Business Studies College - Naivasha Kenya
 * Nakuru College of Health Sciences and Management - KFA and Showground campuses, Nakuru
 * Nakuru Counseling & Training Institute, Centre of Hope - Nakuru
 * Nakuru Institute of Information Communication Technology
 * Narok Teachers College – Narok
 * Narok Teachers Training – Narok
 * National Youth Service Engineering Institute - Nairobi
 * Nationwide Hotel and Tourism College (NHTC) - Nakuru
 * Neema Lutheran College - Nyamira
 * Nkabune Technical Institute
 * Oshwal College - Parklands, Nairobi
 * Pan African School of Theology (PAST) - Nyahururu, Kenya
 * PCEA Shalom Training College - Eastleigh, Nairobi
 * Pioneer's Training Institute - Nairobi, Umoja
 * PREMESE Africa Development Institute - Vision Plaza, Msa Road, Nairobi
 * Premier College of Hospitality and Business Studies - Biashara Street
 * Premier College of Professional Studies Ltd - Nairobi
 * Prestige Academy and College - Nakuru
 * The Regional Institute of Business Management - Nairobi CBD
 * Regional Centre For Tourism And Foreign language - Eagle House, opposite Tacos Club
 * Regional Training Institute - CBD, Nairobi
 * Regions Group International College
 * Rift valley institute of business studies Nakuru and Kericho
 * Rehoboth College - Nairobi, Ngumo area
 * Riccatti Business College of East Africa
 * Rift Valley Institute Of Science & Technology - Nakuru
 * Rochester Business School - View Park Towers, Nairobi
 * Royal Institute of Applied Sciences - Meru
 * Sacred Lake Institute of Technology - Kiirua, along Meru Nanyuki Road
 * Sagana Institute of Technology
 * School of ICT & Hairdressing and Beauty - Pioneer College
 * School of Professional Studies - Parklands, Nairobi
 * Shalom Information Technology Center - Shalom House, off Ngong Road, Nairobi
 * Shanzu Teachers College - Shanzu, Mombasa
 * Shepherds Foundation Education & Research Centre - Buruburu, Nairobi
 * Skynet Business College - CBD, Nairobi
 * Skypath Aviation College - Wilson Airport AMREF KCO building, Nairobi
 * SMA Swiss Management Academy - New Muthaiga, Nairobi
 * Softpro Computer Institute - Pipeline Tumaini S/mkt blg, 3rd floor, Pipeline (Embakasi)
 * South Rift International College (SORICO) - AM Plaza, Kericho
 * St. Andrew's Pre-Medical College - Mumbasa
 * St. Joseph Vocational Training Centre - Mlolongo
 * St Joseph's Medical training College - Nyabondo
 * St. Mary's School of Clinical Medicine - Mumias
 * Stanbridge College - Voi
 * Star Media Institute - South B Estate, Southgate Ctr 1st Floor, Nairobi
 * Starnet College - Nairobi
 * Stonebic College - Westlands, Nairobi
 * Superior Group of Colleges Intl.
 * Talent institute - Nairobi
 * Tambach Teachers Training College - Kerio Valley, Rift Valley
 * Tangaza College
 * Taznaam Tutorial College - Nairobi
 * Tec Institute of Management - Nairobi and Eldoret
 * Thomas Asingo College of Computer and Business Management
 * Times Training Centre - Mombasa
 * Universal Group of Colleges - Nairobi CBD
 * Vision Institute of Professionals - Nairobi and Mombasa
 * Vision Stars Training Institute
 * Wang Point Technologies College of Information Technology
 * Western College of Hospitality and Professional Studies - Wechaps College, Kisumu
 * Zetech College - Nairobi
 * Kenyaplex Institute of Technology Mwala


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Mount Pleasant High School (North Carolina)

Mount Pleasant High School is a comprehensive public high school in Mount Pleasant, North Carolina, United States, in the Cabarrus County Schools system. The school's current campus opened in 1992.

Athletics
Mount Pleasant played its first football game in 1954.

Mount Pleasant's athletic teams are known as the Tigers. The Tigers are in the 2A classification of the North Carolina High School Athletic Association (NCHSAA) and compete in the Yadkin Valley Conference. The school has sports teams in football, basketball, baseball, golf, cross country, track and field, tennis, swimming, volleyball, softball, wrestling, and soccer.

On August 14, 2023, the Cabarrus County Board of Education voted to name Tiger Stadium for Mike Johns, who retired after 23 years as football coach.

History
The original two-story building opened November 15, 1926. The school had 138 students and six teachers. The next year there were 463 students and 13 teachers, and the first 10th grade graduating class had 13 members. In 1934 the school added ten rooms, and in 1952 a cafeteria was added, with students paying 25 cents for lunch.

The building which became the middle school was added in 1957.

After the new building opened, the original building was torn down. The former building, with additions, became Mount Pleasant Middle School.


text:
Carlos Sotomayor

Carlos Sotomayor Román (1911–1988) was a Chilean painter, born in La Serena, Chile. He is considered to be one of the principal exponents of the cubism from South America.

Early years
His father, Carlos Sotomayor Cáceres was a Civil Engineer who worked for the Chilean Railway Company (Empresa de los Ferrocarriles del Estado), married to Julia Román Morales. They had 5 children: Carlos, Julio (poet), Lucía, Inés (agronomist) and Elena.

In his teenage years, Carlos Sotomayor met the painter and sculptor Laura Rodig, who had just come back from Europe, and worked with her, putting up an exhibition together with Pedro Olmos.

He studied at the Instituto Nacional in Santiago and in 1931 he studied at the School of Architecture of the Universidad de Chile. However, in 1932 he opted to study at the Fine Arts College of the same university instead. Some of his teachers were Jorge Caballero, Herman Gazmuri and Augusto Eguiluz.

Work
His first formal exhibition took place in September 1933 at the Libreria Walton, a centre of cultural events. This event was sponsored and introduced by the poet Vicente Huidobro, with whom Carlos Sotomayor shared a close friendship.

In 1934 Sotomayor joined the Grupo Decembrista, together with María Valencia, Gabriela Rivanedeira, Jaime Dvar and Waldo Parraguez. This group of neocubist artists was led by Vicente Huidobro. Two years later, Carlos Sotomayor married Franka Serka Jurac, fellow student at the Fine Arts College.

In 1938 he joined the Grupo Rectángulo de Arte Moderno, encouraged by the artist Vergara Grez. He exhibited at the Alianza de Intelectuales de Chile together with María Valencia, Waldo Parraguez and Haroldo Donoso.

In August 1944 he exhibited 20 paintings at the Sala del Ministerio de Educación. In the catalogue there were articles and poems by the poets Eduardo Anguita and Julio Molina. The critic Antonio Romera wrote a very complimentary review in the press.

In 1946 Sotomayor exhibited several oil paintings and drawings at the Sala del Ministerio de Educacion. The writer Andres Sabella wrote an article about it.

In December 1952 Sotomayor exhibited at the Sala Pro Arte and in 1953 he took part in the Primer Salon de Primavera de la Casa de la Cultura de Nunoa, together with 50 other artists: José Balmes, Sergio Montecinos, Raul Santelices and José Venturelli among them.

In 1955 he started working at the Chilean Railway Company (EFE) as a draughtsman in the Department of Vias & Obras.

In 1960 Sotomayor took part in La Segunda Feria de Artes Plasticas (Parque Forestal) organised by the Museo de Arte Contemporáneo. Sotomayor won second prize.

Sotomayor exhibited his works at the Exposicion de Pintura Chilena Nueva in March 1962, organised and sponsored by Empresa Esso Oil Co. Nemesio Antúnez and José Balmes also participated.

In November 1966 Sotomayor exhibited his oil paintings at the Sala del Instituto de Artes Plasticas de la Universidad de Chile.

His last exhibition while he was alive, took place in 1979 at the Galeria Eco, where there were 30 of his paintings, among them: The painter and his models, Rape 1 and Landscapes of Cartagena. The art critic José María Palacios praised Sotomayor’s works in the press.

In 1973 Sotomayor retired from the railway company and devoted himself entirely to his paintings until his death. In 1984 he travelled to Europe where he visited museums of modern art in Paris, London, Birmingham and Rome.

In 1988 he suffered a heart attack from which he did not recover and died on 17 April.

In the year 2004, an exhibition of his paintings was organized at the Cultural Corporation of Las Condes, so called "Carlos Sotomayor: A modern classic"

A Unique Figure in Chilean Painting (by J. Palacios)
A retired employee of the Chilean Railways, quiet, with a distant air, most people would not suspect that he is an artist, particularly a modern one. However, this unassuming artist inspired the critic Antonio Romera to write about him: 'Perhaps, in the entire history of Chilean painting, there isn't a clearer example of dedication to artistic creativity for its own sake.' And it would be difficult to find a more fitting observation. Even as a teenager he displayed an innovative vision. At 14, he took part in a poster competition for the Spring Festival, encouraged by his father. An excellent draughtsman, with a line capable of expressing both the graceful and the vigorous in the classical tradition, Carlos Sotomayor could have worked entirely figuratively, an approach which would have brought him instant commercial success. With his mastery of line, he could also have diversified into printmaking, but his instinct was for painting. As a result, in 1934 he joined the Grupo Decembrista, a neocubist group led by the poet Vicente Huidobro, one of his most fervent admirers, who revealed his enthusiasm for Sotomayor's work in the magazine PRO published in the same year. Curiously, it was the writers of the avant-garde who were the first to recognise Sotomayor's genius. E. Anguita, who won the 1988 Writer of the Year Award, Julio Molina and Guillermo Atías were among his greatest apologists, praising him as a painter who did not confine his work to the replication of reality, or to conventional romanticism. Supported by the solid foundation of his drawings, Sotomayor alters reality in order to render it more real, in the quest for more sensitive communication through highly personal, expressive forms. He is both violent and tender at the same time. He remains an enigma, a solitary figure, praised by a few and still unknown to the majority. He doesn't win official accolades, nor do they hold any interest for him. Quiet, retiring, conversing only with his friends, the artist is not afraid of confronting his own solutions. Sensitive to current events, the initial figuration suddenly emerges in his work, but not as a final phase of his expression, only as the rebelliousness of a pure spirit. It is for this reason that, although efforts have been made to pigeonhole it, Sotomayor's work admits no labels. Picasso may be in the background, but it is because he admires in him, above all, his creative independence. The poet E. Anguita goes as far as saying that Sotomayor's painting is like the image of a "restless idea", a definition which the critic Romera elaborates on, underlying it as "a certain restlessness or agitation of the spirit.'.

title: Carlos Sotomayor


text:
Talk:Chikyu Sentai Fiveman

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title: Talk:Chikyu Sentai Fiveman


text:
Talk:Super Sport (Chevrolet)

This statement is incorrect:

 * In some years prior to 1969, the SS was considered its own car model, even though it was based on a car already in production. For example, the 1968 SS396 was considered its own model, not a Chevelle.

The article SS396 is recommended for deletion.

Novasource 03:07, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Grille
The grille looks reminiscent of a 1970 Camaro. Would love to have this built as a new Chevelle.

True super sport or CLONES?
i feel that many of the readers and owners of classic cars are not aware of the knock off, when they buy or own a super sport car... how can they tell, and know when they have a true Super Sport, and when they get a clone.

what is there to look for in a true SS, and that Clones are just for looks.

Displacement of LSx motors
Its calculated from rounded litre displacement numbers.

Example: LS3 is 376 cubes, 6.162 L. Yet is shown as 6.2 and 380. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.243.9.214 (talk) 19:19, 4 January 2012 (UTC)

2014 Chevrolet SS
Should 2014 Chevrolet SS merge to here? Rjluna2 (talk) 18:49, 7 July 2014 (UTC)

Holden's SS
Holden's SS models stand for "Sports Sedan" not "Super Sports". The Chevrolet SS is possibly supposed to stand for "Sports Sedan" too as it is a rebadged Holden Commodore SS.

1963 and Corvair SS
Just for info, an email a friend sent me had a 2-min 1963 Chevrolet commercial video attachment which says "four different kinds of Supe Sport garble(cars?)", followed by short promos for The quotes above are rough -- maybe not exact. What caught my attention is that I see no mention of Corvairs in this article. The video does not specifically mention the year 1963, but that's how the email described it. I don't know its copyright status. Wtmitchell (talk) (earlier Boracay Bill) 08:36, 6 May 2022 (UTC)
 * "Corvair Monza Convertible with the extra cost Spyder option; just right for the sports car fan who is a family man, with a turbo-supercharged 150hp rear engine The Spyder is available on the Monza Convertible and Monza Club Coupe."
 * "Chevy II Nova Super Sport. ..."
 * "Jet smooth Chevrolet, with the extra-cost extra-glamor Super Sport option" (I presume in several models), ... Impala Super Sport with optional Turbo-Fire 409, with 340hp
 * Corvette StingRay, available for the first time in two models -- coupe and convertible (I see that the coupe is split-window)

title: Talk:Super Sport (Chevrolet)


text:
User:Mr Charlie

Hello this is my page it is currently under construction as you can plainly see.

I am a new user and I happen to only be twelve years of age. So I would deeply appreciate it if you could lend me a hand on what to do as much as possible.

Best Regards

Mr Charlie

title: User:Mr Charlie


text: Category:Nature conservation in Poland

title: Category:Nature conservation in Poland


text:
Medvedkovo (Moscow Metro)

Medvedkovo (Медведково) is a Moscow Metro station in Severnoye Medvedkovo District, North-Eastern Administrative Okrug, Moscow. It is on the Kaluzhsko-Rizhskaya Line serving as its northeastern terminus. The station opened on 29 September 1978.

Design
The architects Nina Aleshina and Natalya Samoilova designed Medvedkovo station. It features flared pillars faced with pinkish marble and strips of stainless steel. The outer walls of the station are coated with red marble and interlocking triangles of anodized aluminum punctuated with plaques by M. Alekseev depicting northern wildlife.

Entrances to the station are located on either side of Shirokaya street just west of Grekova Street.

title: Medvedkovo (Moscow Metro)


text:
Tony Fossas

Emilio Antonio Fossas Morejon (born September 23, 1957) is a former left-handed Major League Baseball pitcher who played between 1988 and 1999.

Amateur career
Fossas attended St. Mary's High School (Brookline, Massachusetts) and was signed as a 12th round pick by the Texas Rangers during the 1979 Major League Baseball Amateur Draft. The previous year he was drafted by the Minnesota Twins, but decided not to sign with the team, instead finishing his college studies and collegiate career at University of South Florida in Tampa. In 1978, he played collegiate summer baseball for the Falmouth Commodores of the Cape Cod Baseball League.

Professional career
At the age of 31, Fossas received a promotion to the majors in 1988 with the Rangers, who released him during the offseason. Although he only pitched $5 2/3$ innings that initial year, Fossas eventually became an entrenched yeoman setup pitcher with the Milwaukee Brewers from 1989 to 1990, the Boston Red Sox from 1991 to 1994, and the St. Louis Cardinals from 1995 to 1997.

Fossas' greatest success came as a left-handed specialist reliever, or LOOGY, a pitcher who was brought in expressly to face one or two particularly dangerous left-handed batters (during Fossas's tenure, this included such players as Fred McGriff, Ken Griffey Jr., Barry Bonds, and George Brett). For example, against the hall of famers, Brett and Griffey, Fossas held them to only 6 hits in 42 at bats, which is a .143 batting average. As a left-handed reliever with an unorthodox delivery, he was well-suited to this role, and often faced only one or two batters in each appearance. With Boston in 1992, Fossas made 60 appearances, but due to his specialized use he pitched a total of less than 30 innings. Fossas amassed 7 career saves; five of those required him to only retire one batter (a left handed hitter) for the final out.

In 1998 he pitched for the Seattle Mariners, Chicago Cubs and returned to the Texas Rangers in what would be his last full year before finishing his career with the New York Yankees in 1999.

Coaching career
Fossas became a pitching coach for Florida Atlantic University Owls in 2005. He became the pitching coach for the minor league Dayton Dragons in 2009. Fossas lives in Florida with his wife Pura, daughter Keila, son Mark.

title: Tony Fossas


text: User talk:70.162.26.150

title: User talk:70.162.26.150


text:
Lsof

lsof is a command meaning "list open files", which is used in many Unix-like systems to report a list of all open files and the processes that opened them. This open source utility was developed and supported by Victor A. Abell, the retired Associate Director of the Purdue University Computing Center. It works in and supports several Unix flavors.

A replacement for Linux, lsfd, is included in util-linux.

History
In 1985, Cliff Spencer publishes the ofiles command. Its man page says: "ofiles – who has a file open [...] displays the owner and id of any process accessing a specified device". Spencer compiled it for 4.2BSD and ULTRIX. Moreover, in the newsgroup net.unix-wizards, he further remarks: With all the chatter about dismounting active file systems, I have posted my program to indicate who is using a particular filesystem, "ofiles" to net.sources.

In 1988, the command fstat ("file status") appears as part of the 4.3BSD-Tahoe release. Its man page says: fstat identifies open files. A file is considered open if a process has it open, if it is the working directory for a process, or if it is an active pure text file. If no options are specified, fstat reports on all open files.

In 1989, in comp.sources.unix, Vic Abell publishes ports of the ofiles and fstat commands from 4.3BSD-Tahoe to "DYNIX 3.0.1[24] for Sequent Symmetry and Balance, SunOS 4.0 and ULTRIX 2.2". Various people had evolved and ported ofiles over the years. Abell contrasted the commands as follows: Fstat is similar to the ofiles program which I recently submitted. Like ofiles, fstat identifies open files. It's orientation differs slightly from that of ofiles: ofiles starts with a file name and paws through the proc and user structures to identify the file; fstat reads all the proc and user structures, displaying information in all files, optionally applying a few filters to the output (including a single file name filter.)

In combination with netstat -aA and grep, fstat will identify the process associated with a network connection, just as will ofiles.

In 1991, Vic Abell publishes lsof version 1.0 to comp.sources.unix. He notes: Lsof (for LiSt Open Files) lists files opened by processes on selected Unix systems. It is my answer to those who regularly ask me when I am going to make fstat (comp.sources.unix volume 18, number 107) or ofiles (volume 18, number 57) available on SunOS 4.1.1 or the like.

Lsof is a complete redesign of the fstat/ofiles series, based on the SunOS vnode model. Thus, it has been tested on AIX 3.1.[357], HP-UX [78].x, NeXTStep 2.[01], Sequent Dynix 3.0.12 and 3.1.2, and Sunos 4.1 and 4.1.1. Using available kernel access methods, such as nlist and kvm_read, lsof reads process table entries, user areas and file pointers to reach the underlying structures that describe files opened by processes.

In 2018, Vic Abbell publishes lsof version 4.92. The same year, he initiates the transfer of responsibility. He writes: I will reach 80 years of age later this year and I think it's time for me to end my work on general lsof revision releases. The lsof code is put on Github and maintenance is transferred.

Examples
Open files in the system include disk files, named pipes, network sockets and devices opened by all processes. One use for this command is when a disk cannot be unmounted because (unspecified) files are in use. The listing of open files can be consulted (suitably filtered if necessary) to identify the process that is using the files.

To view the port associated with a daemon:

From the above one can see that "sendmail" is listening on its standard port of "25".

 * -i: Lists IP sockets.
 * -n: Do not resolve hostnames (no DNS).
 * -P: Do not resolve port names (list port number instead of its name).

One can also list Unix Sockets by using.

Lsof output
The lsof output describes:
 * the identification number of the process (PID) that has opened the file;
 * the process group identification number (PGID) of the process (optional);
 * the process identification number of the parent process (PPID) (optional);
 * the command the process is executing;
 * the owner of the process;
 * for all files in use by the process, including the executing text file and the shared libraries it is using:
 * the file descriptor number of the file, if applicable;
 * the file's access mode;
 * the file's lock status;
 * the file's device numbers;
 * the file's inode number;
 * the file's size or offset;
 * the name of the file system containing the file;
 * any available components of the file's path name;
 * the names of the file's stream components;
 * the file's local and remote network addresses;
 * the TLI network (typically UDP) state of the file;
 * the TCP state, read queue length, and write queue length of the file;
 * the file's TCP window read and write lengths (Solaris only); and
 * other file or dialect-specific values.

For a complete list of options, see the Lsof(8) Linux manual page.

title: Lsof


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Adam Gosenca

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was speedied as CSD A7 candidate. FCYTravis 19:12, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

Adam Gosenca
Vanity, non-notable band member. Quale 03:12, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, fails WP:Music. --W.marsh 03:45, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete per WP:CSD A7. Andrew pmk | Talk 03:53, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Agreed, speedy as A7, no notability asserted. Ilmari Karonen 16:06, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
User talk:Footzyxxx21

Don't change other users votes on CJ Muere, you may add a single vote below if you like. -- ( ☺ drini ♫ | ☎ ) 03:12, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Footzyxxx21


text:
Battle of Ulundi

The Battle of Ulundi took place at the Zulu capital of Ulundi (Zulu: oNdini) on 4 July 1879 and was the last major battle of the Anglo-Zulu War. The British army broke the military power of the Zulu nation by defeating the main Zulu army and immediately afterwards capturing and burning the royal kraal of oNdini.

Prelude
After the decisive Zulu victory at the battle of Isandlwana in January over Chelmsford's main column and the consequent defeat of the first invasion of Zululand, the British launched a new invasion of Zululand. In April 1879 despite recent battles at Kambula and Gingindlovu which had resulted in serious losses for the Zulus, the British were back at their starting point. News of the defeat at Isandlwana had hit Britain hard. In response, a flood of reinforcements had arrived in Natal with which Chelmsford prepared a second invasion of Zululand. Lord Chelmsford was aware by mid June that Sir Garnet Wolseley had superseded his command of the British forces. Chelmsford was ordered by Her Majesty's Government to "...submit and subordinate your plans to his control." Chelmsford ignored this and various peace offers from Cetshwayo in order to strike while the Zulu were still recovering from their defeats and to attempt to regain his reputation before Wolseley could remove him from command of the army. Cetshwayo's translator, Cornelius Vijn, a Dutch trader he had imprisoned at the start of the war, informed Chelmsford through the peace offers of gathering Zulu forces.

For his renewed offensive Chelmsford's overall strength was increased to 25,000. However, the very size of the force overwhelmed the supply and transport capacity of Natal and Chelmsford would have to utilize a number of troops that could be sustained in the field. In the event, for his main column, he fielded two cavalry regiments, five batteries of artillery and 12 infantry battalions, amounting to 1,000 regular cavalry, 9,000 regular infantry and a further 7,000 men with 24 guns, including the first ever British Army Gatling gun battery.The lumbering supply train consisted of 600 wagons, 8,000 oxen and 1,000 mules. The structure of the force was reorganised; Colonel Evelyn Wood's No. 4 column became the flying column, Colonel Charles Pearson was relieved of command by Major General Henry Crealock and his No.1 column became the 1st Division and Major General Newdigate was given command of the new 2nd Division, accompanied by Lord Chelmsford himself.

Invasion
All through April and May there was much to and fro manoeuvring by the British, particularly with supply and transport. Eventually, on 3 June, the main thrust of the second invasion began its slow advance on Ulundi. The 1st Division was to advance along the coast belt supporting 2nd Division, which with Wood's flying column, an independent unit, was to march on Ulundi from Rorke's Drift and Kambula. Still hoping for an end to hostilities, King Cetshwayo refrained from attacking the extended and vulnerable supply lines, consequently the British advance was unopposed. As the force advanced Cetshwayo dispatched envoys from Ulundi to the British. These envoys reached Chelmsford on 4 June with the message that Cetshwayo wished to know what terms would be acceptable to cease hostilities. Chelmsford sent a Zulu-speaking Dutch trader back with their terms in writing. On the evening of 6 June jittery British troops and artillery in laager at Fort Newdigate opened fire on an arriving piquet company of Royal Engineers commanded by Lieutenant John Chard of Rorke's Drift fame, killing two horses and wounding one. By the 16th the slow advance was quickened by the news that Wolseley was on his way to Natal to take command. On the 17th a depot named 'Fort Marshall' was established - not far from Isandlhwana. On 28 June Chelmsford's column was a mere 17 miles away from Ulundi and had established the supply depots of 'Fort Newdigate', 'Fort Napoleon' and 'Port Durnford' when Sir Garnet Wolseley arrived in Cape Town. Wolseley had cabled Chelmsford ordering him not to undertake any serious actions on the 23rd but the message was only received through a galloper on this day. Chelmsford had no intention of letting Wolseley stop him from making a last effort to restore his reputation and did not reply. A second message was sent on 30 June reading:

"Concentrate your force immediately and keep it concentrated. Undertake no serious operations with detached bodies of troops. Acknowledge receipt of this message at once and flash back your latest moves. I am astonished at not hearing from you"

Wolseley, straining to assert command over Chelmsford, tried to join 1st Division, lagging along the coast behind the main advance. A final message was sent to Chelmsford explaining that he would be joining 1st Division, and that their location was where Chelmsford should retreat if he was compelled. High seas prevented Wolseley landing at Port Durnford and he had to take the road. At the very time Wolseley was riding north from Durban, Chelmsford was preparing to engage the enemy. Wolseley's efforts to reach the front had been in vain. On the same day the first cable was received, Cetshwayo's representatives again appeared. A previous reply to Chelmsford's demands had apparently not reached the British force, but now these envoys bore some of what the British commander had demanded – oxen, a promise of guns and a gift of elephant tusks. The peace was rejected as the terms had not been fully met and Chelmsford turned the envoys away without accepting the elephant tusks and informed them that the advance would only be delayed one day to allow the Zulus to surrender one regiment of their army. The redcoats were now visible from the Royal Kraal and a dismayed Cetshwayo was desperate to end the hostilities. With the invading enemy in sight, he knew no Zulu regiment would surrender so Cetshwayo sent a further hundred white oxen from his own herd along with Prince Napoleon's sword, which the Zulu had taken 1 June 1879 in the skirmish in which the Prince had been killed. The Zulu umCijo regiment, guarding the approaches to the White Umfolozi River where the British were camped, refused to let the oxen pass, deeming it a useless gesture, seeing as it was impossible to meet all Chelmsford's demands - fighting was inevitable. The irate telegram from Wolseley issued on 30 June now reached Chelmsford, and with only five miles between him and a redemptive victory, it was ignored.

The British 2nd Division order of battle was:

1st Brigade
Commanding Officer; Colonel Richard Glyn.
 * 21st (Royal Scots Fusiliers) Regiment of Foot (6 companies).
 * 58th (Rutlandshire) Regiment of Foot (6 companies).

2nd Brigade
Commanding Officer: Colonel William Collingwood.
 * 24th (2nd Warwickshire) Regiment of Foot (7 companies).
 * 94th Regiment of Foot (6 companies).

Cavalry Brigade
Commanding Officer: Major General Frederick Marshall.
 * 1st King's Dragoon Guards.
 * 17th Lancers (Duke of Cambridge's Own).

Flying Column
Commanding Officer: Brigadier General Sir Evelyn Wood.
 * 13th (1st Somersetshire) Regiment (7 companies).
 * 90th Regiment of Foot (Perthshire Volunteers) (8 companies).
 * 80th Regiment of Foot (Staffordshire Volunteers) (5 companies).
 * Mounted troops under Lieutenant Colonel Redvers Buller.

Accompanied by Royal Engineers, Royal Artillery, Army Service Corps, 2nd Battalion Natal Native Contingent, Army Medical Department, and Natal Native Pioneer Corps.

Battle
On 3 July, with negotiations having broken down, Colonel Buller led a cavalry force across the river to reconnoitre the ground beyond. A party of Zulus were seen herding goats near the Mbilane stream and troopers moved to round them up. On a hunch, Buller bellowed an order for them to stop and prepare to fire from the saddle. His instinct proved right, for 3,000 Zulus rose from the long grass at that moment and fired a fusillade, before charging forth. Three troopers were shot dead and Buller ordered his men to retire. As they dashed back to the river, Baker's Horse who had been scouting further across, took up position and gave covering fire for the river crossing. Their crossing in turn was covered by the Transvaal Rangers on the opposite bank. This incident had placed the entire reconnaissance in grave danger, but Buller's alertness and leadership saved them from annihilation. Chelmsford was now convinced the Zulus wanted to fight and replied to Wolseley's third message, informing him that he would indeed retreat to 1st Division if the need arose, and that he would be attacking the Zulus the next day.

That evening Chelmsford issued his orders. The British, having learned a bitter lesson at Isandlwana, would take no chances meeting the Zulu army in the open with their normal line of battle such as the 'Thin Red Line' like that employed at Balaclava. Their advance would begin at first light, prior to forming his infantry into a large hollow square, with mounted troops covering the sides and rear. Neither wagon laagers nor trenches would be used, to convince both the Zulus and critics that a British square could "beat them fairly in the open".

At 6 a.m. Buller led out an advance guard of mounted troops and South African irregulars, which after Buller had secured an upper drift (river crossing at a ford), was followed by the infantry, led by the experienced Flying Column battalions. By 7:30 a.m. the column had cleared the rough ground on the other side of the riverbank and their square (in reality a rectangular shape) was formed. At 8:45 a.m.the Zulu engaged the cavalry on the right and left which slowly retired and passed into the square. The leading face was made up of five companies of the 80th Regiment in four ranks, with two Gatling guns in the centres, two 9-pounders on the left flank and two 7-pounders on the right. The 90th Light Infantry with four companies of the 94th Regiment made up the left face with two more 7-pounders. On the right face were the 1st Battalion of the 13th Light Infantry, four companies of the 58th Regiment, two 7-pounders and two 9-pounders. The rear face was composed of two companies of the 94th Regiment, two companies of the 2nd Battalion of the 21st Regiment (Royal Scots Fusiliers). Within the square were headquarters staff, No. 5 Company of the Royal Engineers led by Lieutenant Chard, the 2nd Native Natal Contingent, fifty wagons and carts with reserve ammunition and hospital wagons. Buller's horsemen protected the front and both flanks of the square. A rearguard of two squadrons of the 17th Lancers and a troop of Natal Native Horse followed.

Battalions with Regimental Colours now uncased them; the band of the 13th Light Infantry struck up and the 5,317-man strong 'living laager' began its measured advance across the plain. No Zulus in any numbers had been sighted by 8 a.m., so the Frontier Light Horse were sent forth to provoke the enemy. As they rode across the Mbilane stream, the entire Zulu in Gobamkhosi regiment rose out of the grass in front of them, followed by regiment after regiment rising up all around them. The Zulu Army under the command of umNtwana Ziwedu kaMpande - around 12,000 to 15,000 strong, now stood in a horseshoe shape encircling the north, east and southern sides of the square. A Zulu reserve force was also poised to complete the circle. The Zulu ranks stood hammering the ground with their feet and drumming their shields with their assegais. They were made up of both veterans and novices with varying degrees of confidence. The mounted troops by the stream opened fire from the saddle in an attempt to trigger a premature charge before wheeling back to gallop through the gaps made in the infantry lines for them. As the cavalry cleared their front at about 9 a.m., the four ranks of the infantry with the front two kneeling, opened fire at 2,000 yards into the advancing Zulu ranks. The pace of the advance quickened and the range closed between the British lines and the Zulus. The British were ready and the Zulu troops faced concentrated fire. Zulu regiments had to charge forward directly into massed rifle fire, non-stop fire from the Gatling guns and the artillery firing canister shot at point-blank range. Charges were made by the Zulus, in an attempt to get within close range, but they could not prevail against the British fire. There were a number of casualties within the square to Zulu marksmen, but the British firing did not waver and no warrior was able to get within 30 yards of the British ranks. The Zulu reserve force now rose and charged against the south-west corner of the square. Nine-pounders tore great chunks out of this body while the infantry opened fire. The speed of the charge made it seem as if the Zulu reserves would get close enough to engage in hand-to-hand combat but no warrior reached the British ranks. Chelmsford ordered the cavalry to mount, and the 17th Lancers, 1st King's Dragoon Guards, colonial cavalry, Native Horse and 2nd Natal Native Contingent charged the now fleeing Zulus. The Zulus fled towards the high ground with cavalry at their heels and shells falling ahead of them. The Lancers were checked at the Mbilane stream by the fire of a concealed party of Zulus, causing several casualties to the cavalrymen before they overcame the resistance. The pursuit continued until not a live Zulu remained on the Mahlabatini plain, with members of the Natal Native Horse, Natal Native Contingent and Wood's Irregulars killing the Zulu wounded, in revenge for similar Zulu actions at Isandlwana.

Aftermath
After half an hour of concentrated fire from the artillery, the Gatling Guns and thousands of British riflemen, the Zulu military power was broken. British casualties were hundred killed and around three hundred wounded, while nearly five hundred Zulu dead were counted around the square; another 1,000 or more were wounded. Chelmsford ordered the Royal Kraal of Ulundi to be burnt – the capital of Zululand burned for days. Chelmsford turned over command to Wolseley on 15 July at the fort at St. Paul's, leaving for home on the 17th. Chelmsford had partially salvaged his reputation and received a Knight Grand Cross of Bath, largely because of Ulundi; however, he was severely criticized by the Horse Guards investigation and he would never serve in the field again.

Cetshwayo had been sheltered in a village since 3 July and fled upon hearing news of the defeat at Ulundi. The British forces were dispersed around Zululand in the hunt for Cetshwayo, burning numerous kraals in a vain attempt to get his Zulu subjects to surrender him over along with fighting the final small battle to defeat the remaining hostile Zulu battalions. Cetshwayo was finally captured on 28 August by soldiers under Wolseley's command at a kraal in the middle of the Ngome forest. He was exiled to Cape Town, where he would remain for three years. Wolseley, having replaced both Chelmsford and Bartle Frere, swiftly divided up Zululand into thirteen districts, the First Partition of Zululand, installing pro-British chiefs in each district. In January 1883, shortly before his death in 1884, Cetshwayo was restored to the throne of a reduced central Zululand in the Second Partition of Zululand. Cetshwayo was the last king of the Zulus to be officially recognized as such by the British. He was succeeded by his son Dinuzulu kaCetshwayo, who ruled until his surrender to the British in 1888 and exile to the island of Saint Helena, although he was still recognized by the Zulus as king until his death in 1913.

title: Battle of Ulundi


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/SS396

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the proposed deletion of the article below. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination).  No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was redirect to Chevrolet SS. The article SS396 used to be a redirect to Chevrolet SS396, which was redirected as Chevrolet SS per Articles for deletion/Chevrolet SS396. Jitse Niesen (talk) 21:50, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

SS396
This page only serves as a redirect to a page which is recommended for deletion. Novasource 03:12, 1 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete per nomination. - Novasource 03:13, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Chevrolet SS Anetode 03:54, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and Delist -- Articles for deletion isn't appropriate for a redirect.   If the outcome of the deletion debate for the article is to delete, then the redirect may be diverted to another article or listed at WP:RFD --Mysidia (talk) 05:55, 1 October 2005 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/SS396


text: Template:Parishes and dependencies of Antigua and Barbuda