Student and institutional characteristics	Percent who borrowed				Average amount borrowed (by borrowers)
	Neither	Under- graduate only	Graduate only	Both	Under- graduate only	Graduate only	Both
Total	31.4	23.7	17.7	27.2	$9,600	$36,900	$41,700
Type of degree-granting institution
Public 4-year	32.6	23.0	19.5	24.9	8,100	36,500	36,900
Non-doctorate-granting	34.4	25.6	15.9	24.1	7,800	29,100	31,900
Doctorate-granting	31.7	21.7	21.3	25.2	8,200	39,300	39,300
Private not-for-profit 4-year	29.7	24.2	15.3	30.8	12,500	37,500	48,900
Non-doctorate-granting	27.5	26.1	14.5	32.0	12,000	31,500	43,200
Doctorate-granting	32.1	22.3	16.1	29.5	13,000	43,200	55,500
Other	26.9	31.8	7.1	34.2	‡	‡	39,600
Undergraduate major
Business and management	39.6	26.4	13.0	21.1	8,900	33,000	38,800
Education	34.6	31.0	12.8	21.7	10,100	28,600	30,800
Engineering, mathematics, or science	29.4	23.3	19.1	28.2	10,000	47,200	57,400
Humanities or social sciences	28.6	18.4	21.8	31.1	9,600	38,200	40,000
Other	29.3	23.4	17.8	29.5	9,500	31,000	37,400
Amount borrowed (undergraduate)
Did not borrow	64.0	†	36.0	†	†	36,900	†
Less than $5,000	†	54.4	†	45.7	2,700	†	32,700
$5,000–9,999	†	43.7	†	56.3	6,900	†	36,200
$10,000–14,999	†	45.3	†	54.7	11,300	†	40,200
$15,000 or more	†	41.6	†	58.4	22,400	†	57,700
Highest enrollment after bachelor’s degree by 2003
Master’s degree	34.3	27.8	13.6	24.3	9,500	22,600	29,000
Doctoral degree	23.6	13.2	28.3	34.9	10,400	44,300	54,900
First-professional degree	20.4	7.6	33.6	38.5	‡	68,000	82,000
Highest degree earned by 2003
Bachelor’s degree	35.5	32.0	10.8	21.7	9,500	25,500	32,500
Master’s degree	31.8	22.8	17.5	27.9	9,500	25,200	32,500
Doctoral degree	23.7	11.8	31.2	33.3	‡	46,600	52,900
First-professional degree	17.8	3.5	37.6	41.1	‡	73,900	88,900