extracted_text:
МИНИСТЕРСТВО
ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ
ДОНЕЦКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ
РЕСПУБЛИКИ
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЕ
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЕ
УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ
«НОВОАЗОВСКИЙ
ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЙ ТЕХНИКУМ»

Рассмотрено
и одобрено                                                             УТВЕРЖДЕНО:
на
заседании методической                                                       Заместитель
директора по УР                           комиссии
Протокол
№  от «____»____________2020 г.                           ___________Е.П.
Харитонова
Председатель
________________О.В.
Фесенко                                              «____»____________2020 г.

Контрольно-измерительные
материалы

по ОДБ.03 Иностранный язык

По профессии:

 19.01.17
Повар, кондитер
08.01.07
Мастер общестроительных работ

    Преподаватель:
Демченко Т.О.

Новоазовск
2020

Комплект
контрольно-измерительных материалов по учебной дисциплине ОДБ.03 Иностранный
язык
разработан
на основе Государственного образовательного стандарта по профессии среднего
профессионального образования: 19.01.17 Повар, кондитер, 08.01.07 Мастер общестроительных
работ
и
является частью основной профессиональной образовательной программы.

Организация-разработчик:ГПОУ «Новоазовский
индустриальный техникум»

Разработчик:
Демченко Т.О.,
преподаватель
иностранного
языка

Рассмотрен  на
заседании МК _____________________________________

Протокол № ______
от «____»__________20__ г.
Председатель
МК________________________________________________

Рекомендована методическим советом ГПОУ «Новоазовский
индустриальный техникум»  к использованию в образовательном процессе техникума
при реализации дисциплин ОГСЭ, ЕН, ОП по специальности (ям)

Заключение
методического совета №____________ от «____»__________20__ г.

«УТВЕРДИТЬ»

Заместитель
директора по
учебно-воспитательной
работе               _______________________________         Ф.И.О.

Пояснительная записка

Комплект
контрольно-измерительных материалов  для выявления знаний и умений, уровня
подготовки студентов по учебной дисциплине  ОДБ.03 Иностранный язык разработан на
основе Государственного образовательного стандарта по профессии среднего
профессионального образования: 19.01.17 Повар, кондитер, 08.01.07
Мастер общестроительных работ

Цели
и задачи учебной дисциплины – требования к результатам освоения учебной
дисциплины:

В результате
освоения учебной дисциплины  обучающийся должен уметь:
-
общаться (устно и письменно) на иностранном языке на профессиональные и
повседневные темы;
-
переводить (со словарём) иностранные тексты профессиональной направленности;
-
самостоятельно совершенствовать устную и письменную речь, пополнять словарный
запас.
В результате
освоения учебной дисциплины обучающийся должен знать:
лексический
(1200-1400 лексических единиц) и грамматический минимум, необходимый для чтения
и перевода (со словарём) иностранных текстов профессиональной направленности.

Объем
учебной дисциплины и виды учебной работы
19.01.17
Повар, кондитер

Вид учебной работы

Объем часов

Максимальная
  учебная нагрузка (всего)

242

Обязательная
  аудиторная учебная нагрузка (всего)

162

Аудиторные
  занятия

162

Самостоятельная
  работа обучающегося (всего)

80

Итоговая аттестация в форме экзамена

Объем
учебной дисциплины и виды учебной работы
08.01.07
Мастер общестроительных работ

Вид учебной работы

Объем часов

Максимальная
  учебная нагрузка (всего)

242

Обязательная
  аудиторная учебная нагрузка (всего)

162

Аудиторные
  занятия

162

Самостоятельная
  работа обучающегося (всего)

80

Итоговая аттестация в форме экзамена

   Форма экзаменационного
билета

ГПОУ
«Новоазовский индустриальный техникум»
Методическая  комиссия
общеобразовательных дисциплин
Профессия:  19.01.17
Повар, кондитер

Учебная дисциплина «ОДБ.3 Иностранный язык»

Variant 1
Part 1. Reading
1. Установите
соответствие  между  текстами  A–G  и  заголовками  1–8. Используйте каждую
цифру только один раз.  В задании один заголовок лишний.
1.
Confusing Hypotheses.
2.
Alive and Kicking.
3. In
line with Expectations.
4. Life
Is Full of Disappointment.
5.
Gains in Democracy.
6. Good
Things and Bad Things Together.
7. What
It Is Like.
8.
Cordial Acknowledgements.

A.
Goodness knows how many inky embarrassments may lurk in these pages yet, but it
is thanks to Dr Wiseman and all of those whom I am about to mention that there
aren’t many hundreds more. I cannot begin to thank adequately those who helped
me in the preparation of this book. I am especially indebted to the following,
who were uniformly generous and kindly and showed the most heroic reserves of
patience in answering one simple, endlessly repeated question: ‘I’m sorry, but
can you explain that again?

B. It
may be that our universe is merely part of many larger universes, some in
different dimensions, and the Big Bangs are going on all the time all over the
place. Or it may be that space and time had some other forms altogether before
the Big Bang — forms too alien for us to imagine — and that the Big Bang
represents some sort of transition phase, where the universe went from a form
we can’t understand to one we almost can.

C. This
is a very popular Japanese form of poetry. It is brief, related to the season/nature,
expresses a sense of awe or insight, written using concrete sense images and
not abstractions, in the present tense. It is often written as three lines, of
seventeen syllables arranged in a sequence 5, 7, 5, though not necessarily. A
verbal snapshot,
capturing
the essence of a moment/scene. Some haiku are only a line or two. The idea is
to capture a moment.

D. In
April 1737, at age 52, Handel apparently suffered a stroke which disabled the
use of four fingers on his right hand, preventing him from performing. In
summer the disorder seemed at times to affect his understanding. Nobody
expected that Handel would ever be able to perform again. But whether the
affliction was rheumatism, a stroke or a nervous breakdown, he recovered
remarkably quickly. To aid his recovery,
Handel
had travelled to Aachen, a spa in Germany. During six weeks he took long hot
baths, and ended up playing the organ for a surprised audience.
E. When
you sit down to dinner in a town house, your expectations will probably be
governed by what you see around you. If you are in a small wooden building,
dining in a small, poorly lit hall and being attended by your host’s wife, then
your fare will probably be less tasty than a yeoman’s meal. If your host is an
important merchant, on the other hand, and you are being entertained in the
well-lit hall of a large house, then you can expect food far richer and more
varied than the peasant could dream of offering.

F.
Anyone who is an American citizen, at least 18 years of age, and is registered
to vote may vote. Each state has the right to determine registration
procedures. A number of civic groups, such as the League of Women Voters, are
actively trying to get more people involved in the electoral process and have
drives to register as many people as possible. Voter registration and voting
among minorities has dramatically increased
during
the last thirty years, especially as a result of the Civil Rights Movement.

G. The
Games have grown in scale to the point that nearly every nation is represented.
Such growth has created numerous challenges, including boycotts, doping,
bribery of officials, and terrorism. Every two years, the Olympics and its
media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national, and
in particular cases, international fame. The Games also constitute a major
opportunity for the host city and country to showcase itself to the world.

2. Прочитайте
текст  и  заполните  пропуски  A–F  частями предложений, обозначенными
цифрами  1–7.  Одна  из  частей  в  списке 1–7 лишняя.

British admission
procedures
Students
are admitted to British Universities largely on the basis of their performance
in the examinations for the General Certificate of Education  A__.  The
selection procedures rather complicated. A student who wants to go to
university applies for admission before he takes his advanced level
examinations. First of all he must write to the Universities Central on
Admissions and they send him a form which he has to complete. On this form he has
to write down the names of six universities in order preference. He may put
down only two or three names stating that B__ he could be willing to go to any
other. This form together with an account  C___  and two references, one of
which must be from the headteacher of his school is then sent back to the UCCA.
The UCCA sends photocopies D__ concerned. Each applicant is first considered by
the university admission board. In some cases the board sends the applicant
refusal. This may happen for example if the board receives a form in which
their university admission officer passes the candidate`s papers on
E___concerned. One or two members of his department will then look at the
candidate`s application: see what he says about himself, look at his marks at
the ordinary level examinations, see what his head teacher and other referee
say about him. F__, the department may make the candidate an offer or send him
a definite rejection. As a rule the department makes a conditional offer. This
means that the candidate will be accepted by the university if he fulfills the
requirements stated in the offer.

1.  of
his out-of-school activities
2.  at
ordinary and advanced level
3.
concerning university classes
4.   of
the form to the universities
5.   on
the basis of this
6.   if
not accepted by these universities
7.   to the academic department

 3. Прочитайте
текст  и  выполните  задания.  В  каждом  задании запишите цифру  1, 2, 3  или
4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Anne meets her
class

The
children fixed their eyes upon Anne. Anne gazed back, feeling helpless.
"Now,
children," began Miss Enderby firmly, "you are very, very lucky this
term1to have Miss Lacey for your new teacher."
Anne
gave a watery smile. The children's faces were unmoved.
"Miss
Lacey," repeated Miss Enderby with emphasis. "Can you say that?"

"Miss
Lacey," chorused the class obediently.
"Perhaps
you could say 'Good morning' to your new teacher?" suggested Miss Enderby
in an imperative tone.
"Good
morning. Miss Lacey," came the polite chorus.
"Good
morning, children," responded Anne in a voice which bore no resemblance to
her own.
Miss
Enderby motioned to the children to take their seats. "I should give out
paper and coloured pencils," said Miss Enderby, "as soon as you've
called the register2. Keep them busy while you're finding your way about the
cupboards and so on."
She
gave a swift look round the class. "I expect you to help Miss Lacey in
every way," said the headmistress. "D'you hear me, Arnold?"
The
little boy addressed, who had been crossing and uncrossing his eyes in an ugly
manner for the enjoyment of his neighbours, looked suitably crest-fallen.
 "If
I were you, I should keep an eye on that boy," murmured Miss Enderby.
"Broken home — brother in Borstal — and some rather dreadful habits!"
 Anne
looked with fresh interest at Arnold and thought he looked quite different from
what Miss Enderby said about him. Far too innocent and apple-cheeked to have
such a record. But even as she looked, she saw his pink face express his scorn
of Miss Enderby who was giving her final messages to the new teacher.
"Break
at ten forty-five, dear," said the headmistress. "Come straight to
the staff room. I will wait there till you join us. I will introduce you to
those you didn't meet on your first visit. How do you like the idea of having a
cup of tea then? We need rest after all. If there's anything that puzzles you,
I shall be in my room. You can depend on me. Just send a message by one of the
children."
She
made her way to the door and waited before it, eyebrows raised as she turned
her gaze upon the children. They gazed back in some bewilderment.
"Is
no one going to remember his manners?" asked Miss Enderby.
With a
nervous start Anne hastened forward to the door, but was waved back by a
movement of her headmistress's hand. A dozen or more children made a rush to
open the door. A freckled girl with two skinny red plaits was the first to drag
open the door.
She was
rewarded by a smile. "Thank you, dear, thank you," said Miss Enderby
and sailed majestically into the
corridor.
There came a faint sigh of relief as the door closed behind her, and the forty-
six
tongues which had so far kept unnaturally silent began to wag cheerfully. Anne
watched
this change with some dismay. She remembered with sudden relief some
advice
given her at college in just such a situation.
"Stand
quite still, be quite calm, and gradually the children will become conscious
that you are waiting. Never, never attempt to shout them down."
So Anne
stood her ground waiting for the chattering to subside. But the noise grew
in
volume as conversations became more animated. One or two children ran across
the
room to see their distant friends. Two little boys attacked each other. A child
with
birthday
cards was displaying their beauties to an admiring crowd round her desk.
Arnold
had removed his blue pullover and was attempting to pull his shirt over his
head,
in order to show his friends a scar on his shoulder-blade.
'Amidst
growing chaos Anne remained silent. She looked at the clock which jerked from
one minute to the next and decided to let it leap once more before she
abandoned hope.
One
crumb of comfort, if comfort it could be called, remained with her. This was an
outburst of natural high spirits. Her presence, she noted, meant nothing at all
to them.
A chair
fell over, someone yelped with pain, there was a burst of laughter, and Anne
saw the clock jump to another minute. Anne advanced into action.
"To
your desks!" she roared, "And quickly!" With a pleasurable shock
she saw her words obeyed. Within a minute order had returned. Refreshed by the
break the children turned attentive eyes upon her. Anne's self-esteem crept
back.
  (From "Fresh
from the Country" by Miss Reed)

 3.
Anne was introduced to her class as a teacher who was
1)
shallow-minded
2)
very experienced
3)  shy
and  indecisive
4)
respected
4."Swift"
look here means
1)
quick
2)
weary
3)
piercing
4)  thorough

5.
Anne looked at Arnold with fresh interest because
1)  he
was funny and naughty
2)  she
liked his apple-cheeked face
3)  he
differed from other pupils
4)  he
was far away from what he was described
6. Miss
Lacey and Miss Enderby were
1)
good friends
2)
colleagues
3)
enemies
4)
relatives
7. Anne
didn't want to shout the children down at first because
1)  she
was afraid of them
2)  she
shuddered to think that she could hurt them
3)  she
was taught to be calm with children
4)  she
was unconfident in her abilities
8. When
Miss Enderby left the class, children's behavior showed
1)
some bewilderment
2)
naughtiness
3)
concern about the new teacher
4)
fear of the new teacher
9. In
the end of the story Anne's self-esteem crept back because
1)
children obeyed her
2)
children were refreshed by the break
3)
there was a burst of laughter
4) she
noticed that she meant nothing to children

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary
Прочитайте
приведённые  ниже  тексты.  Преобразуйте,  если  необходимо, слова,
напечатанные  заглавными  буквами  в  конце  строк,  обозначенных номерами
10-22,  так,  чтобы  они  грамматически  соответствовали содержанию текстов.
Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый  пропуск соответствует
отдельному заданию из группы

What is Sanscrit?

10.
Sanskrit is one of the oldest known Indic languages, with examples of Vedic
Sanskrit dating back to approximately 1500 BCE and possibly even earlier eras
which are difficult to determine because the language
___
long before it was written.
SPEAK

11. The
word “Sanskrit” __in several different ways, as “complete,” “perfect,” or
“pulled together.” The origins of this language appear to lie in vulgar
dialects which were organized and codified, first into Vedic Sanskrit and later
into a more modern form around 500 BCE.
TRANSLATE

12.
Several Indian languages including Bengali and Hindi are descended from
Sanskrit, and while the language is not widely spoken in India today, there ___some
movements to revive spoken forms, and the influences of this language can be
seen on many levels of Indian culture and across Southeast Asia. What is
Rigveda?
BE

13. The
Rigveda is an ancient Sanskrit text which ___sacred to followers of the Hindu
religion.
CONSIDER

14. This
text is part of a larger family of religious texts known collectively as the
Vedas; together, the Vedas form the cornerstone of Hindu belief, _____the
mythology of the religion, the roles of the assorted Hindu gods, and detailing
various rituals which should be performed by pious Hindus.
EXPLAIN

15.The
first written version appears to have emerged around 1500 BCE, with most
scholars arguing that the Rigveda  had been passed down orally for centuries
before it __.
WRITE

16. The
Rigveda is the oldest of the Vedas. All of the Vedas ___ during a period in
Indian history which is known as the Vedic Period. Dating of the Vedic Period
varies, but it is generally defined as lasting between 1500 BCE and 184 BCE.
COMPOSE

How similar is
ancient Greek to modern Greek?

17. Modern
Greek (demotic) has a simplified grammar and accents and the vocabulary has
naturally changed over time, but the ___ core of the language is the same
BASE

18. So a
speaker of modern Greek can usually get the gist of an ancient text, although
trying to translate may often lead to tragic __ .
INTERPRET

19. Attic
or Hellenistic ("koine") Greek texts are of course much _____ than
archaic Greek (f.e. Homer).
EASY

20. Modern
Greek speakers, even if they have managed to ____ miss learning Ancient in
school, have a couple of additional resources that help with their ability to
comprehend Ancient.
COMPLETE

21. The
truth is, Ancient Greek, just like  Latin, and __ Old English,  exists all over
the written and spoken word.
LIKE

22. And
it's encountered often enough that some ___ in it would have been maintained
even without schooling.
 LITERATE

Прочитайте  текст
с пропусками,  обозначенными  номерами  23-29.  Эти  номера  соответствуют
заданиям  23-29,  в  которых  представлены  возможные варианты ответов.
Запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Cherish Your Friends
Our
high school years are the defining times in our lives that shape who we are,
where we are going, and what we are going to do. Aside from this, they  23 us
to build strong friendships with people. We get to see which people are going
to be there for the   24   of our lives and those who will  just disappear over
the years.
A
friend is someone who is there for you, through it all. Through the pressure,
and drama, they are the one constant thing in your life that never fades away.
I have realized at the  25  of sixteen that friends are not something you
should take lightly, if we have found even just a  26  we are blessed. They are
the people that we sing our lungs out in the car shouting
"Glamorous", the people we cry to, and most importantly the people who
will always have a shoulder to  27  on.  It is essential to evaluate your  28
with your friends. You can see if they are the people you can go to with
anything or if they are just another face in the 29  when you have a serious
issue going on.
23. 1)  make
2)  allow  3)  let  4)  afford
24.1)
stage  2)  period  3)  epoch  4)  rest
25.1)
time  2)  age  3)  period  4)  year
26.1)
pair  2)  team  3)  company  4)  couple
 27.1)
set  2)  place  3)  turn  4)  lean
 28.1)
attitude  2)  contact  3)  relationship  4)  affair
 29.1)
people  2)  crowd  3)  public  4)  audience
Part 3. Writing
30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

Lots of
people enjoy celebrating holidays. However, for some people a holiday is
just a
day off.
What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position

Variant 2
Part 1. Reading
1.Установите
соответствие  между  текстами  A–G  и  заголовками  1–8.  Используйте каждую
цифру только один раз.  В задании один заголовок лишний.
1. The
House of Commons
2.
Parliamentary Procedure
3. The
House of Lords
4.
Westminster
5. The
System of Government
6.
Parliamentary Committees
7.
Whitehall
8. The
Crown

A. Her
Majesty’s Government, in spite of its name, derives its authority and power
from its party representation in Parliament. Parliament is housed in the Palace
of Westminster, once a home of the monarchy. Like the monarchy, Parliament is
an ancient institution, dating from the middle of the thirteenth century.
Parliament is the seat of British democracy, but it is perhaps valuable to
remember that while the House of Lords was created in order to provide a
council of the nobility for the king, the Commons were summoned originally in
order to provide the king with money.

 B. The
reigning monarch is not only head of state but symbol of the unity of the
nation. The monarchy is Britain’s oldest secular institution, its continuity
for over a thousand years broken only once by a republic that lasted a mere
eleven years (1649-60). The monarchy is hereditary, the succession passing
automatically to the oldest male child, or in the absence of males to the
oldest female offspring of the monarch. In law the monarch is head of the executive
and of the judiciary, head of the Church of England, and commander-in-chief of
the armed forces.

 C. The
dynamic power of Parliament lies in its lower chamber. Of its 650 members, 523
represent constituencies in England, 38 in Wales, 72 in Scotland and 17 in
Northern Ireland. There are only seats in the Commons debating chamber for 370
members, but except on matters of great interest, it is unusual for all members
to be present at any one time. Many MPs find themselves in other rooms of the
Commons, participating in a variety of committees and meetings necessary for an
effective parliamentary process.

 D.
Britain is a democracy, yet its people are not, as one might expect in a
democracy, constitutionally in control of the state. The constitutional
situation is an apparently contradictory one. As a result of a historical
process the people of Britain are subjects of the Crown, accepting the Queen as
the head of the state. Yet even the Queen is not sovereign in any substantial
sense since she receives her authority from Parliament, and is subject to its
direction in almost all matters. This curious situation came about as a result
of a long struggle for power between the Crown and Parliament during the
sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries.

 E. Her
Majesty’s Government governs in the name of the Queen, and its hub, Downing
Street, lies in Whitehall, a short walk from Parliament. Following a general
election, the Queen invites the leader of the majority party represented in the
Commons, to form a government on her behalf. Government ministers are
invariably members of the House of Commons, but infrequently members of the
House of Lords are appointed. All government members continue to represent
“constituencies” which elected them.

F. Each
parliamentary session begins with the “State Opening of Parliament”, a
ceremonial occasion in which the Queen proceeds from Buckingham Palace to the
Palace of Westminster where she delivers the Queen’s Speech from her throne in
the House of Lords. Her speech is drafted by her government, and describes what
the government intends to implement during the forthcoming session. Leading
members of the Commons may hear the speech from the far end of the chamber, but
are not allowed to enter the House of Lords.

 G. The
upper chamber of Parliament is not democratic in any sense at all. It consists
of four categories of peer. The majority are hereditary peers, a total of
almost 800, but of whom only about half take an active interest in the affairs
of the state. A smaller number, between 350 and 400, are “life” peers —  an
idea introduced in 1958 to elevate to the peerage certain people who rendered
political or public service to the nation. The purpose was not only to honour
but also to enhance the quality of business done in the Lords.

2. Прочитайте
текст  и  заполните  пропуски  A–F  частями
предложений, обозначенными  цифрами  1–7.  Одна  из  частей  в  списке 1–7 лишняя.

Stereotypes

Because stereotypes are standardized and simplified ideas of groups, A they are
not derived from objective facts, but rather subjective and often unverifiable
ideas. As Sociologist Charles E. Hurst states "One reason for stereotypes
is the lack of personal, concrete familiarity   В   in other racial or ethnic
groups. Lack of familiarity encourages the lumping together of unknown
individuals".  The existence of stereotypes may be explained by the need
of groups of people   C as more normal or more superior than other groups.
Consequently, stereotypes may be used  D or ignorance and prevent people of
stereotyped groups from entering or succeeding in various activities or fields.
The stereotyping group are, generally, reluctant to reconsider their attitudes
and behavior  E
 Stereotypes
may affect people negatively. This includes F  and distorted images and
opinions of people. Stereotypes may also be used for scapegoating or for making
general erroneous judgments about people.

1.  to
view themselves
2.
that individuals have with persons
3.
forming inaccurate
4.  to justify
ill-founded prejudices
5.  may
feel comfortable
6.
based on some prejudices
7.  towards stereotyped group

 Прочитайте
текст  и  выполните  задания.  В  каждом  задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

A DAY'S WAIT

He came
into the room to shut the windows while we were still in bed and I saw he
looked ill. He was shivering, his face was white, and he walked slowly as
though it ached to move. "What's the matter, Schatz?
"I've
got a headache."
"You'd
better go back to bed."
"No,
I'm all right."
"You
go to bed. I'll see you when I'm dressed."
 But
when I came downstairs he was dressed, sitting by the fire, looking a very sick
and miserable boy of nine years. When I put my hand on his forehead I knew he
had a fever.
"You
go up to bed," I said, "you're sick."
"I'm
all right," he said.
When
the doctor came he took the boy's temperature.
"What
is it?" I asked him.
 "One
hundred and two."
 Downstairs,
the doctor left three different medicines in different colored capsules with
instructions for giving them. One was to bring down the fever, another a
purgative, the third to overcome an acid condition. The germs of influenza can
only exist in an acid condition, he explained. He seemed to know all about
influenza and said there was nothing to worry about if the fever did not go
above one hundred and four degrees. This was a light epidemic of flu and there
was no danger if you avoided pneumonia.
 Back
in the room I wrote the boy's temperature down and made a note of the time to
give the various capsules.
"Do
you want me to read to you?"
"All
right, if you want to," said the boy. His face was very white and there
were dark areas under his eyes. He lay still in the bed and seemed very
detached from what was going on.
I read
aloud from Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates, but I could see he was not following
what I was reading.
"How
do you feel, Schatz?" I asked him.
"Just
the same, so far," he said.
I sat
at the foot of the bed and read to myself while I waited for it to be time to
give another capsule. It would have been natural for him to go to sleep, but
when I looked up he was looking at the foot of the bed, looking very strangely.

"Why
don't you try to go to sleep? I'll wake you up for the medicine."
"I'd
rather stay awake."
After a
while he said to me, "You don't have to stay in here with me, Papa, if it
bothers you."
"It
doesn't bother me."
"No,
I mean you don't have to stay if it's going to bother you."
I
thought perhaps he was a little light-headed and after giving him the
prescribed capsules at eleven o'clock I went out for a while.
 It was
a bright, cold day, the ground covered with a sleet that had frozen so that it
seemed as if all the bare trees, the bushes, the cut brush and all the grass
and the bare ground had been varnished with ice. I took the young Irish setter
for a little walk up the road and along a frozen creek.
At the
house they said the boy had refused to let any one come into the room.
"You
can't come in," he said. "You mustn't get what I have." I went
up to him and found him in exactly the position I had left him, white-faced,
but with the tops of his cheeks flushed by the fever, staring still, as he had
stared, at the foot of the bed.
I took
his temperature.
"What
is it?"
"Something
like a hundred," I said. It was one hundred and two and four tenths.
"It
was a hundred and two," he said.
"Who
said so?"
"The
doctor."
"Your
temperature is all right," I said. "It's nothing to worry
about."
"I
don't worry," he said, "but I can't keep from thinking."
"Don't
think," I said. "Just take it easy."
"I'm
taking it easy," he said and looked worried about something.
"Take
this with water."
"Do
you think it will do any good?"
"Of
course, it will,"
I sat
down and opened the Pirate Book and commenced to read but I could see he was
not following, so I stopped.
"About
what time do you think I'm going to die?" he asked.
"What?"

"About
how long will it be before I die?"
"You
aren't going to die. What's the matter with you?"
"Oh,
yes, I am. I heard him say a hundred and two."
"People
don't die with a fever of one hundred and two. That's a silly way to
talk!"
"I
know they do. At school in France the boys told me you can't live with
forty-four degrees. I've got a hundred and two."
He had
been waiting to die all day, ever since nine o'clock in the morning.
"You
poor Schatz," I said. "Poor old Schatz, it's like miles and
kilometers. You aren't going to die. That's a diflerent thermometer. On that
thermometer thirty-seven is normal. On this kind it's ninety-eight."
"Are
you sure?"
"Absolutely,"
I said. "It's like miles and kilometers. You know, like how many kilometers
we make when we do seventy miles in the car?"
"Oh,"
he said.
 But
his gaze at the foot of the bed relaxed slowly. The hold over himself relaxed
too, finally, and the next day it was very slack and he cried very easily at
little things that were of no importance.

3. What
wasn't Schatz's symptom of ilness?
1)
fever
2)
headache
3)
pale face
4)
stomachache

4. The
father believed the doctor because
1)  he
listened to boy very attentively.
2)  he
gave the boy three different medicines.
3)  he
seemed to know a lot about flu.
4)  he
said that pneumonia had been avoided.
 5. The
boy was indifferent to Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates because
1)  the
plot wasn't exciting.
2)  he
wanted to sleep.
3)  he
was in very bad condition.
4)  he
didn't want his father to read it for him.
6.
What worried the boy?
1)  his
temperature.
2)  the
cold weather.
3)  the
plot of the Pirate Book.
4)  his
headache.
7. The
boy refused to let any one come into the room because
1)  he
had a fever of one hundred and two.
2)  he
liked to be alone.
3)  he
didn't want his father to catch influenza.
4)  he
took offense at his father.
8. Who
told the boy about different thermometers?
1)  the
boys from France.
2)  the
doctor.
3)  his
father.
4)  a
teacher at school.
9. The
boy's behavior can characterize him as very
1)
rude.
2)
greedy.
3)
polite.
4)
thoughtful.

Part 3. Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые  ниже  тексты.  Преобразуйте,  если  необходимо,  слова,
напечатанные  заглавными  буквами  в  конце  строк,  обозначенных номерами
10-22,  так,  чтобы  они   грамматически соответствовали  содержанию текстов.
Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый  пропуск соответствует
отдельному заданию из группы

Dolphins

10.  Dolphins
are marine mammals closely  ____to whales and porpoises.
RELATE

11. The
name is originally from Greek (delphus), ____ womb.
MEAN

12.
There are almost forty species of dolphin and ___worldwide.
FIND

13.
They are carnivores, eating mostly fish and squid. Dolphins are members of the
family  Delphinidae which  _____relatively recently, about ten million years
ago.
ENVOLVE

14.
Doplhins' senses _________    DEVELOP

15.
Most dolphins have acute eyesight, both in and out of the water, and they can
hear frequencies ten times or more above the upper limit of adult human
hearing. Hearing is also used for echolocation, which all
dolphins
have. Dolphin teeth  __to function as antennae to receive incoming sound and to
pinpoint the exact location of an object.
BELIEVE

16.
Beyond locating an object,  echolocation  also ___the animal with an idea on
the object's shape and size, though how exactly this works is not yet
understood.
PROVIDE

Dolphins' Social
Behavior

17.  Dolphins
are often regarded as one of Earth's most __ animals.
 INTELLIGENCE

18.
They are social creatures, living in pods of up to a dozen ___ .
INDIVIDUAL

19.  In
places with a high abundance of food, pods can merge ____  forming a  superpod;
such groupings may
exceed
1,000 dolphins.
 TEMPORARY

20.
They communicate using a    ___ of clicks, whistle-like sounds and other
vocalizations.
VARY

21.
___in pods is not rigid; interchange is common.
 MEMBER

22.  Dolphins
can, however, establish strong social bonds; they will stay with injured or ill
individuals, even helping them to breathe by bringing __to the surface if
needed.
THEY

Прочитайте  текст
с пропусками,  обозначенными  номерами  23-29.  Эти  номера  соответствуют
заданиям  23-29,  в  которых  представлены  возможные варианты ответов.
Запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Ramadan

Ramadan
is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. It is the Islamic month of fasting,
in which participating Muslims 23  from eating, drinking from dawn until
sunset. Ramadan had been the name of the ninth month in Arabian culture long
before the  24  of Islam. In the Qur'an it is said that "fasting has been
written  25   (as obligatory) upon you, as it was upon those before you"
which is a reference to the Jewish practice of fasting on Yom Kippur. Fasting
is  26   to teach the Muslim patience, modesty and spirituality.  Ramadan is a
time for Muslims to fast  27   the sake of God and to  28  more prayer than
usual. During Ramadan, Muslims ask forgiveness for past sins, pray for guidance
and help in refraining from everyday evils, and try to purify themselves
through self-restraint and good  29.

 23.
1)  refrain  2)  hold  3)  keep  4)  resist
 24.
1)  coming  2)  moving  3)  arrival  4)  reaching
 25. 1)
down  2)  up  3)  back  4)  in
 26. 1)
signified  2)  denoted  3)  suggested  4) meant
 27. 1)
on  2)  for  3)  in  4)  with
 28.
1)  suggest  2)  offer  3)  give  4)  bring
  29.
1)  business  2)  work  3)  deeds  4)  deals

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement. (150 words)

The
future of education — books or computers?

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position

 Variant 3
Part 1. Reading
1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Carefully
Preserved
2. The
Emblem with an Animal
3. The
City of Brides
4. The
Cradle of the Tsar Dynasty
5. The
Oldest Town
6. The
Religious Centre
7. The
Market Town
8. The
Home Town of an Artist

A.
Sergiev Posad was built around the Trinity Monastery of St. Sergius. Dating
back to 1340, the monastery is one of Russia’s most important historical
land-marks. The town possesses a variety of 12th-17th century buildings and
visitors today still get a real feeling of Medieval Russia. The dominating
structure of the monastery is the massive, blue domed and gold starred Assumption
cathedral, built in the 16th century. Adjacent is the tomb of Boris Godunov and
his family. The monastery is still a place of spiritual pilgrimage.

B.
Rostov Velikiy (Rostov the Great) is an ancient Russian town located on the
‘Nero’  lake. The history of this place started four thousand years ago, when
the first tribes stayed next to the lake. Until the 11th century the territory
of Rostov was inhabited by the Finn-Ugors ‘Meryans’ people, and the town was
founded by them. Rostov was first mentioned in Russian chronicles in 862. It is
a sleepy town with some magnificent buildings.The focal point of the town is
the Kremlin. Its churches are good examples of ancient Russian architecture.

C. The
name of Suzdal appeared in the annals for the first time in 1024. The first
stone church was built here in the 12th century. In Suzdal there are 33
churches, 5 monasteries, 7 chapels and no modern construction in the centre of
the town. Suzdal is officially protected from industry, and the old
architecture and buildings are kept intact. Suzdal is the town that was awarded
The Golden Apple Prize for preservation of its architectural ensemble and
tourist development in the area.

D. Ples
is a small town  located in a picturesque area on the banks of the river Volga.
It is an ideal place for a picnic or a walking tour, fishing or boat trips.
There you can take a traditional Russian steam bath (called ‘banya’), have an
opportunity to learn the art of Russian cooking or enjoy painting classes. Ivan
Levitan lived in Ples and was inspired by the local nature to paint his famous
landscapes. Activities in the area include visits to Levitan’s museum and the
museum of medieval Russian family life.

E.
Kostroma, originated in the 12th century, is situated on the left bank of the
river Volga. In 1613 Mikhail Romanov came to Kostroma with his mother, a nun,
called Marfa. They were hiding from Poles and numerous other groups of outlaws,
who were roaming Russia at the time. After daylong talks with his mother, who
was against the idea of her son ruling the country, Mikhail finally consented
to take the crown and thus became the first Tsar of the Romanov dynasty.

F.
Yaroslavl is a large, quiet old town, which is much more metropolitan than the
other  cities of the Golden Ring. The main place of interest is the monastery,
founded in the 12th century. The town itself was founded in 1010. According to
legend, Yaroslavl the Wise wanted to have a trading town in this area. However,
the locals responded by sending a sacred bear to stop him. Yaroslavl was not
afraid of the bear and killed it with an axe. Then he founded a town on this
spot and the symbol of the bear was included in his coat of arms.

G. The
village of Ivanovo was first mentioned in Russian chronicles in 1561. The in
habitants were fishing, hunting and trading, but their main occupation was
making cloths. The first cloth manufacture was built in the village in 1741 by
a peasant who made a fortune from selling home made cloths. That’s when the
glory of Ivanovo took off: the village started to sell its fabrics all over
Russia. Ivanovo is still one of the main textile centres of Russia.
Interestingly, there are more women than men in the city as they all work in
the textile industry.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F  частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна
из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

Russian souvenirs

Russia
is famous for its diversity, as well as its hospitality. The best way to show
Russia to someone is to bring home something special. Matryoshka and bal-alaika
are quite  stereotypical presents. There are many other goods
A_______________________.  Woolen shawls have always been popular in Russia
because of cold winters. The shawls made in Pavlovsky Posad,
B_______________________, are considered to be a traditional Russian gift.
Woolen shawls and scarves have been made there since 1795. A wide shawl with a
beautiful original pattern on it may be used like a blanket. It is nice to
cover oneself up with it sitting in the armchair, watching a movie,
C_______________________. The Pavlovsky Posad manufacture produces scarves for
men as well. They can be bought through the Internet, or in brand stores,
D_______________________.
Belyovskaya
pastila is a souvenir E_______________________. It has been made since the 19th
century in the town of Belyov near Tula. This is a very special kind of Russian
confection. Though it is called “pastila”, it is not a marshmallow style
delicacy. Belyovskaya pastila is made of dried apples. After they have been
dried, they are mixed with egg whites and sugar and whipped. Belyovskaya
pastila is similar to a cake, F_______________________ of apples. It is
considered to be a natural product, and it is not of average price. Tourists
can buy this kind of sweet at some confectioner’s shops throughout Moscow.

1. that
one may buy in Moscow as a souvenir
2.
which are situated in the centre of Moscow
3. that
pleases the people with a sweet tooth
4.
although it has a slightly sour taste
5.
which is a town not very far from Moscow
6.
riding a bike around the villages in Russia
7.
reading a book, or drinking coffee or tea

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The definitive
guide to Scotland

During
the London Olympics, when excited sports fanatics (and their unfortunate
relatives) flooded through the arrival gates of nearly all British airports and
engaged in such thrilling activities as taking pictures of red phone boxes and
riding the bus, it came to my attention (and the attention of many other
British citizens,
I dare
say), that many tourists arrive to the U.K. with certain erroneous expectations
of what awaits them.
The
disappointment is evident on tourists' faces as they travel through the
country, discovering that the Queen does not walk her Corgis up The Mall, our
policemen will very rarely (if ever) say "Alio, alio," and that most
of us will not ask a stranger in for a cup of tea and a biscuit when you arrive
on our doorstep. That said, however, nothing really disappoints a tourist more
than a visit to the mysterious land of Scotland.
Having
lived in Scotland for all of my 16 years, I have come to believe that I am an
expert in all things Scottish, and therefore I think it is only right that I
help the youth of America (and elsewhere) obtain a more realistic view of what
to expect when visiting "up North."
A good
starting place in Scottish culture, I believe, is haggis. Haggis is a ghastly
concoction of oatmeal, onions, pepper, suet, and, oh yes, sheep organs. That's
right, haggis includes sheep's stomach, heart, liver, lungs, and windpipe. This
delightful dish is normally served on Robert Burn's Night, when we all stand
around in kilts and sing to it.
  This
brings me to the subject of kilts. Michael Mclntyre once joked that the
Scottish invented the kilt in order to look the complete opposite of the
English, who wore trousers. This may be true; I don't know. What I can tell you
is that I am not currently wearing a kilt, nor is anyone in my family. Perhaps
if I were to drive into a big town, I would find a man playing bagpipes in a
kilt, or maybe see some guests in kilts at a wedding, but the average Scottish
person does not wear a kilt on a daily basis.

Next, we have the aforementioned bagpipes. Pretty much everyone believes that
all Scottish people love bagpipes. I do not. When played in a large field
during, say, the Highland Games, I don't mind them. That's fine. It's quite
jolly, everyone feels patriotic, and all is well. However, when they are played
in a small room while someone is carrying a haggis to the table and my ears
feel like they are about to bleed, I must say that I'm not very fond of them.
The average tourist will see and hear bagpipes during their visit, but you
probably won't see any young Scottish teenagers involved.
Finally,
we have the Scottish citizen in general. Most people imagine Scots to be ginger
(meaning having red hair, which I don't), freckly (I am), bearded (I am not),
and grumpy (I dare say that this is true  - after all, it's always raining
here). Sure, you may find some people during your visit who fit that
description, but you may be surprised to find that most Scottish people look
like your average non-Scottish person. Are you shocked? I thought so.

There you go, a definitive guide to Scotland, as written by a very sarcastic
teenager. I do hope it helps; please share it with your friends as I really
don't want to have to hear another tourist say, "It's just like England,
isn't it?"
3. What
inspired the author to write the text?
1)
Love for Olympics.
2)
Visitors' views on Britain.
3)
London's attractions.
4)
Conversations with sports fans.
4.
According to the author, why were the tourists disappointed in Britain?
1)  The
police officers were not friendly.
2)
Their anticipations were not met.
3)
They failed to meet the Queen.
4)  The
famous English tea was not tasty.
5. The
purpose of the text is to ...’
1)
reveal the mysteries of the Scottish land.
2)
encourage tourists to visit Scotland.
3)
give a true account of Scottish culture.
4)
share a 16-year experience of living in Scotland.
6. The
phrase "up North" in "... what to expect when visiting "up
North." (paragraph3) refers to
1)
northern islands.
2)
North America.
3)
Scotland.
4)
north of England.
7.
Which of the following statements about bagpipes is NOT true, according to the
text?
1)
They may raise spirits during big sports events.
2)
They can make you feel proud of your country.
3)
Visitors are likely to hear them played.
4)
They are popular among young Scottish people.
8. In
what way is the author similar to a typical image of a Scottish person?
1)  He
has freckles.
2)  He
has red hair.
3)  He
has a beard.
4)  He
is cheerful.
9. Why
does the author quote a tourist at the end of the text?
1)  To
encourage people to read and share the article.
2)  To
underline the annoyance at tourists' disappointments.
3)  To
express a sarcastic attitude to Scottish sights.
4)  To
stress the differences between Scotland and England

Part 2.  Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

Teeth Problems
10. Аlex’s
mother was waiting impatiently for Alex to come home from school. “There you
are!” she cried when he opened the door. She anxiously asked him where he ___.
“I missed the bus and had to walk here,” Alex replied.
  BE

11. “You
have an orthodontist appointment today,” Alex’s mother said.  “That means you
__ to leave school early,” she continued.
 SUPPOSE

12. “I’ll
be very happy when I no longer have to wear my braces,” Alex said. “ ___ too,”
his mother replied tiredly.
 I

A Great Vacation
13. For
her summer vacation Sarah went to Hawaii with her family. It was the ___ time
in her life, when she could go to the beach every day.
 ONE

14. She
learnt how to snorkel and saw lots of pretty fish in the ocean around her. One
day she even saw a sea turtle while she _____.
 SWIM

15. Sarah’s
favourite part of the trip __on the last night. She and her family went to a
special dinner and a show called luau.
HAPPEN

16. What
a treat! Sarah had the ________ summer vacation ever!
GOOD

  Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами  17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Russian Weather

17. Russian
weather, particularly for foreigners, seems to be clouded in myths and legends.
Russia is a huge country, spanning its ___________ zones from polar arctic to
subtropical and everything in between.
 CLIMATE

18. The
capital of  Russia, Moscow, has a continental  climate, with great ________ in
temperature between winter and summer months.
 VARY

19. In
mid  summer, during July and August, temperatures are pleasantly warm, with
_________________hot spells.
 OCCASION

20. Winters
differ __________, with only about six hours of day-light in the middle of the
season and temperatures recorded at way below freezing point.
DRASTIC

21. The
image of Moscow weather is so dominated by the snow that _______  often
underestimate the warmth of Moscow summers.
 VISIT

22. While
the summer attracts the _______________ of tourists, many Moscow residents
would suggest spring and early autumn as the best time to visit Moscow.
MAJOR

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 23-29,
в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или
4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Once in a lifetime

I was
told my father was killed in the war. Whenever I questioned my mother about his
death, she didn't 23  ____________any more than that he had been killed
fighting on the Western Front only days before the peace treaty with Germany
was signed. Grandma said my dad had been a brave man, and once when we were 24
____________in the house she showed me his medals. My grandpa rarely 25
____________an opinion on anything, but then he was hard of hearing so he might
not have heard the question in the first place.

The only man I can 26  ____________was my uncle Stan who used to sit at the top
of the table at  breakfast time. When he left in the morning,  27
____________to
follow him to the city docks where he worked. Every day I spent at the dockyard
was an adventure. Cargo ships came from distant lands and un-loaded their
wares: rice, sugar, bananas and many other things I'd never heard of. Once the
holds had been emptied, the dockers would load them with salt, tin, 28
____________coal
(my least favourite because it was an obvious clue to what I've been doing all
day and annoyed my mother), before they set off again. I always wanted to help
my uncle Stan unload  29   ____________ship had  docked that morning but he
just laughed, saying "All in good time, my lad." It couldn't be soon
enough for me.
23. 1)
talk  2) speak  3) tell  4) say
24. 1)
single   2) only  3) lonely   4) alone
25.1)
offered  2) proposed  3) requested  4) remind
26.1)
recover  2) repeat  3) remember  4) remind
27.1)
used  2) kept  3) held  4) made
28.1)
still  2) even  3) just  4) yet
29.1)
whatever  2) wherever  3) whenever  4) whoever

Part 3. Writing
30. Comment
the following statement.  (150 words)
Fact
food is very popular among teenagers. However, many experts consider fast
food
harmful to our health.
What is
your opinion? Do you agree with statement?
Use the
following plan:
 make
an introduction (state the problem)

express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion

express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion

explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
 make a
conclusion restating your position.
Variant 4
Part 1. Reading
1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. Working
Towards Secure Future
2.
Scientific Center
3.
Practical Information for Visitors
4. Part
of the World Cultural Heritage
5. Most
Interesting Buildings to See
6. Not
Only Plants but Animals
7.
Pursuing Noble Aim
8. Own
Law Enforcement Service

A. The
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, usually known as Kew Gardens, in Richmond upon
Thames is a major London tourist attraction and a UNESCO Word Heritage site. It
is located in south-west London and houses the largest and most diverse
botanical and mycological collections in the world.

B.
Founded in 1759, Kew began as a royal garden attached to the Royal Kew Palace,
home to George III and his many children. The Palace is now open to visitors,
but probably the buildings most visitors come to see are the incredible
glasshouses. The Palmhouse is one of the largest surviving Victorian
glasshouses in the world, with over 16,000 panes of glass. The Waterlily House,
which contains some of the world's largest (and smallest) waterlilies, is also
not to be missed.

C.
However, Kew is more than just a garden and green space in the heart of
Britain's capital city. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew covers approximately
three hundred acres of land, and attracts around a million visitors every year.
Its collections and laboratories illustrate the important part that plants play
in our lives, and highlight the need to protect and conserve them for the
benefit of generations to come. Ensuring environment and biodiversity
protection is one of Kew’s most important goals.

D. Kew
is a vital research and scientific base, with multiple research projects and
partnerships stretching across the globe. A world leader in plant science, Kew
employs around seven hundred people, and is home to about nineteen thousand
species of living plants. Its Millennium Seed Bank at Wakehurst Place, West
Sussex holds seeds from around ten percent of the world’s plant species for the
benefit of humankind, curating around two billion seeds from 28,000 species of
plants sourced from approximately 130 countries.

E.
Around eighty percent of our daily calorie intake comes from just twelve plant
species. Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank’s Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change
project recognises the need for greater genetic diversity in our crops and
seeks to preserve food security for future generations. The project collects
seeds from the wild relatives of some of our most important food crop plants
whose genetic make-up can be used to breed new and useful traits back into
modern agricultural crops so that they can better adapt to future climates and
other
threats,
such as pests and diseases.

F. The
gardens have their own police force, Kew Constabulary, which has been in
operation since 1847. Formerly known as the Royal Botanic Gardens Constabulary,
it is a small, specialised constabulary of two sergeants and 12 officers, who
patrol the grounds in a marked silver car. The Kew Constables are attested
under section 3 of the Parks Regulation Act 1872, which gives them the same
powers as the Metropolitan Police within the land belonging to the gardens.

G. If
you have never been to Kew Gardens, you should know that there are several ways
of getting in. Kew Gardens’ visitors usually find it difficult to understand
where the entrance is. Actually, Kew Gardens are accessible by a number of
gates. Currently, there are four gates that are open to the public: the
Elizabeth Gate, which is situated at the west end of Kew Green, and was
originally called the Main Gate before being renamed in 2012 to commemorate the
Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II; the Brentford Gate, which faces the River
Thames; the Victoria Gate (named after Queen Victoria), situated in Kew Road,
which is also the location of the Visitors' Centre; and the Lion Gate, also
situated in Kew Road.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифры, обозначающие
соответствующие части предложений.

UAE passport world's
'most powerful'

The
passport of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has risen to the top spot on the
list of the world's most powerful passports. This is according to the Passport
Index -
an online service A _______ and required visas. UAE passport holders now enjoy
the greatest freedom of movement globally B _______ . The Passport Index shows
that UAE passport holders can travel visa-free to 167 countries C_______ The
second most powerful passports are the Singaporean and German passports. The
USA passport is ranked at number four. Holders of the Afghanistan passport have
the least freedom of movement.The UAE passport achieved D _______ of the
country's 47th National Day celebrations. The Prime Minister of the UAE and
Ruler of Dubai, His Highness Sheikh Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, expressed
his pride in his country's achievement in a tweet. He wrote: "A big 'thank
you' goes to the working teams
E
_______, enhance its reputation, and facilitate procedures for Emirati
citizens. Congratulations to the UAE leadership and people for this worthy
achievement." A Passport Index spokesman said: "The Emirati passport
has witnessed unprecedented progress globally in the past few years, F _______
."

1. of
any nationality in the world
2. and
require an entry visa from 31 countries
3. reflecting
the international stature of the country
4. that
provides insights on passports
5. for
their great efforts to strengthen the UAE's status
6. in
his country's achievement
7. the
number-one position on the eve

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Mobile Phones

When
Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, it was a
revolution in communication. For the first time, people could talk to each
other over great distances almost as clearly as if they were in the same room.
Nowadays, though, we increasingly use Bell’s invention for taking photographs,
accessing the internet or watching video clips rather than talking. Over the last
two decades a new means of spoken communication has emerged: the mobile phone.
The
modern mobile phone is a more complex version of the two-way radio.
Traditional
two-way radio was a very limited means of communication. As soon as the users
moved out of range of each other’s broadcast area, the signal was lost. In the
1940s, researchers began experimenting with the idea of using a number of radio
masts located around the countryside to pick up signals from two-way radios. A
caller would always be within range of one of the masts; when he moved too far
away from one mast, the next mast would pick up the signal. (Scientists
referred to each mast’s reception area as being a separate 'cell'; this is why
in many countries mobile phones are called 'cell phones').
However,
1940s technology was still quite primitive, and the 'telephones' were enormous
boxes which had to be transported by car. The first real mobile telephone call
was made in 1973 by Dr Martin Cooper, the scientist who invented the modern
mobile handset. As soon as his invention was complete, he tested it by calling
a rival scientist to announce his success.
Within
a decade, mobile phones became available to the public. The streets of modern
cities began to feature sharp-suited characters shouting into giant plastic
bricks. In Britain the mobile phone quickly became synonymous with the
'yuppie', the new breed of young urban professionals who carried the expensive
handsets as status symbols. Around this time many of us swore that we would
never, ever own a mobile phone.
But in
the mid-90s, something happened. Cheaper handsets and cheaper calling rates
meant that, almost overnight, it seemed that everyone had a mobile phone.
And the
giant plastic bricks of the 80s had evolved into smooth little objects that
fitted nicely into pockets and bags. In every pub and restaurant you could hear
the bleep and buzz of mobiles ringing and registering messages, occasionally
breaking out into primitive versions of the latest pop songs. Cities suddenly
had
a new,
postmodern birdsong.
Moreover,
people’s timekeeping changed. Younger readers will be amazed to know that, not
long ago, people made spoken arrangements to meet at a certain place at a
certain time. Once a time and place had been agreed, people met as agreed. Somewhere
around the new millennium, this practice started to die out.
Meeting
times became approximate, subject to change at any moment under the new order
of communication: the Short Message Service (SMS) or text message.
Going
to be late? Send a text message! It takes much less effort than arriving on
time, and it’s much less awkward than explaining your lateness face-to-face.
It’s the perfect communication method for the busy modern lifestyle.
Like
email before it, the text message has altered the way we write in English,
bringing more abbreviations and a laxer approach to language construction. The
160-character
limit on text messages has led to a new, abbreviated version of English for
fast and instantaneous communication. Traditional rules of grammar and spelling
are much less important when you’re sitting on the bus, hurriedly typing 'Will
B 15min late — C U @ the bar. Sorry! :-)'.
Mobile
phones, once the preserve of the high-powered businessperson and the 'yuppie',
are now a vital part of daily life for an enormous amount of people.
From
schoolchildren to pensioners, every section of society has found that it’s
easier to stay in touch when you’ve got a mobile. Over the last few years
mobiles have become more and more advanced. Firstly, we saw the introduction of
built-in cameras, global positioning devices and internet access. More recently
we have witnessed the arrival of the 'third generation' of mobile phones:
powerful micro-computers with broadband internet access, which will allow us to
watch TV, download internet files at high speed and send instant video clips to
friends.
Alexander
Graham Bell would be amazed if he could see how far the science of telephony
has progressed in less than 150 years. If he were around today, he might
say:'That’s gr8! But I’m v busy rite now. Will call U 2nite.
3. Why
are mobile phones called cell phones in many countries?
1) They
are made of special elements called cells.
2) They
receive a signal within one radio mast’s cell.
3) They
were given that name by their inventors.
4) The
word ‘cell’ is derived from the word ‘caller’.
4. Who
received the call from the first real mobile phone in 1973?
1) Dr
Martin Cooper.
2) Dr
Martin Cooper’s parents.
3) Dr
Martin Cooper’s good friend.
4) Dr
Martin Cooper’s competitor.
5. At
first many British people swore that they would never have a mobile phone.
Which
of the following is NOT the reason for this?
1)
First mobile phones were inconvenient to take with you.
2) They
were too expensive to buy.
3) They
didn’t function properly.
4) They
served mostly as a status symbol.
6. All
these changes happened to mobile phones from 80s to 90s EXCEPT.
1)
Primitive ringtones were replaced by modern pop songs.
2) The
prices for mobiles phones decreased.
3)
Mobile phones became smaller.
4) Mobile
phones came into wider use.
7. How
has SMS influenced people’s timekeeping and communicating?
1)
People no longer meet, they text to each other.
2)
People have become more punctual.
3)
People have become less strict concerning meeting times.
4)  There
is practically no influence exerted by SMS.
8. What
is the meaning of the word laxer in paragraph 7?
1) more
coward
2) more
accurate
3) more
pragmatic
4) more
careless
9. What
is the author’s attitude towards changes in mobile technologies?
1) sceptic
2)
enthusiastic
3)
incredulous
4)
frustrated

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они грамматически
соответствовали содержанию  текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы.

New Sesame Street
character highlights homelessness
10. The
world-famous children's television show Sesame Street __________________  a new
character to highlight the plight of homeless children.
(INTRODUCE)

11. The
educational TV series, which  __________________  1969, is helping to tackle
the issue of homelessness via a new character called Lily..
(AIR)

12. She
is a 7-year-old girl who __________________ homeless after her family lost
their apartment.
(LEAVE)

13. Lily's
plight mirrors that of over 2.5 million children in the USA who are also
homeless. Millions more youngsters around the world are in the same situation.
A Sesame Street spokeswoman, Sherrie Westin, hoped the character Lily
__________________  the stigma associated with homelessness and allow children
to identify with her, "and hopefully feel less alone".
(REDUCE)

14. The
iconic, educational show has a long history of raising awareness of social
issues among children. Other tough topics they have addressed include
__________________  with parents who are in prison, living with autism, and
facing bullies at school.
(DEAL)

15. Ms
Westin __________________ the importance of reaching out to children who have
no permanent home. She said: "We know children experiencing homelessness
are often caught up in a devastating cycle of trauma.
(STRESS)

16. As
well as the daily hardship of __________________ homeless, those children may
suffer due to poverty, domestic violence, or other trauma that caused them to
lose their home." She added: "We want homeless children to know that
they are not alone."
(BE)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от  слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы.

'Yellow Vests'
protests to continue in France

17. France
is experiencing social __________________it has not experienced for
generations. (REST)

18. The
country famous for its revolutions and protests has been rocked by a serious of
nationwide, __________________demonstrations.( VIOLENCE)

19. The
protests are being led by the Yellow Vests __________________ , so called
because protestors don high-visibility yellow jackets usually worn by the
emergency services. (MOVE)

20. The
protests are motivated by rising fuel prices, the high cost of living, and
claims that a(n) __________________ burden of new tax reforms were falling on
the working and middle classes. (EQUAL)

21. France's
President Emmanuel Macron has declared "a state of social and economic
emergency". The violence has caused over a billion dollars in damages so
far. This figure is set to rise as __________________  demos are planned.
(MANY)

22. To
quell public anger, Mr Macron has promised to cancel his proposed rise in fuel
prices, deliver tax __________________ for the poor and cancel a tax on retired
people. He called for the havoc and mayhem to end and for calm and order to
return (RELIEVE)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти  номера соответствуют заданиям
23-29, в которых представлены  возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Court says 'Kiwi' is not a racist term

A court
in Australia has judged that the use of the word "Kiwi" to describe
a(n) (23) _______ from New Zealand is not discriminatory. New Zealander Julie
Savage filed a complaint (24) _______ an Australian bakery where she was
nicknamed "Kiwi" by her colleagues. She (25) _______ that the term
"Kiwi"
was a
form of racial discrimination and was insulting and disrespectful. However, the
employment tribunal decided otherwise and (26) _______her complaint. The bakery
owner argued that the term "Kiwi" was one that most New Zealanders
were proud (27) _______  He said the New Zealand government openly endorses the
term and that it was used as "a term of endearment and as a means of
identifying as a New Zealander". The tribunal judge ruled that calling a
New Zealander a Kiwi was not offensive. She (28) _______ : "'Kiwi' is not
an insult." In her (29) _______ , the judge observed that Ms Savage,
"did not allege that she suffered unfavourable treatment in respect of the
terms of her employment, lack of progression or segregation".
23. 1)
individual 2) human 3) man    4) person
24. 1)
against 2) for     3) to       4) -
25. 1)
asserted 2)  announced 3) proved 4)  declared
26. 1)
stopped           2) ceased      3) dismissed 4) banished
27. 1)
on                   2) of      3) with          4) about
28. 1)
talked        2)  told           3) spoke 4) said
29.1)
findings 2) detections 3)  discoveries 4) revelations

Part 3. Writing
 30.
Comment the following statement. (150 words)

Success
in life is making a career.
What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.

 Variant 5
Part 1. Reading
1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.Занесите свои ответы в
таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок
лишний.

1. From
paganism to politics
2. Two aspects
of one thing
3. Food
for thought
4. Origins
of names
5.
Constitutional document
6.
Changes in meaning
7. A
few tips for a traveler
8. The
signs of the time

A. The
English immigrants who settled on America’s northern seacoast, appropriately
called New England, came in order to practice their religion freely. They were
either Englishmen who wanted to reform the Church of England or people who
wanted to have an entirely new church. These two groups combined, especially in
what became Massachusetts, came to be known as "Puritans", so named
after those who wished to "purify" the Church of England.

B. John
provoked the English barons into revolt, though their economic difficulties
through high inflation were not his fault. Civil war broke out, and John was
forced to sign the document later known as Magna Carta. Magna Carta was the
first document forced onto a King of England by a group of his subjects, the
feudal barons, in an attempt to limit his powers by law and protect their
privileges. It provided redress of grievances, but later ages took it as a
statement of civil liberties.

C. More
important than packing your bag full of money, pack a bag full of patience and
curiosity. There's no such thing as a bad trip, just good travel stories to
tell back home. Always travel with a smile and remember that you're the onewith
the strange customs visiting someone else's country. And, finally, the more
time you spend coming to understand the ways of others, the more you'll
understand yourself. The journey abroad reflects the one within — the most
unknown and foreign and unmapped terra incognita.

D.
Architecture is the art and the technique of building, employed to fulfill the
practical and expressive requirements of civilized people. Almost every settled
society that possesses the techniques for building produces architecture. It is
necessary in all but the simplest cultures; without it, man is confined to a
primitive
struggle with the elements; with it, he has not only a defense against the
natural environment but also the benefits of a human environment, a
prerequisite for and a symbol of the development of civilized institutions.

E. In
Europe, May Day started out as a nice pagan holiday to celebrate the spring
planting, then turned into a holiday of love (complete with twirling ribbons
around a Maypole). It began its metamorphosis into a working class holiday at
the end of the 19th century — in memory of a workers' demonstration in Chicago
(calling, among other things, for an eight-hour working day), which ended in
bloodshed. The idea of decent working conditions caught on with the Russian
comrades. "Here's to the eight-hour working day!", an early May Day
pamphlet read.

F.
Dinner finally became en evening meal in the 1850s. As the distance between
breakfast and dinner widened, it became necessary to create a smaller meal
around the middle of the day, for which the world ‘luncheon’ was appropriated.
‘Luncheon’ originally signified a lump or portion. In 1755 Samuel Johnson was
still defining it as a quantity of food — ‘as much food as one’s hand can hold’
—and only slowly over the next century did it come to signify, in refined
circles at least, the middle meal of the day.

G. The
evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has
resulted in several changes to the Olympic Games. Some of these adjustments
include the creation of the Winter Games for ice and winter sports, the
Paralympic Games for athletes with a physical disability, and the Youth Olympic
Games for teenage athletes. The International Olympic Committee has had to
adapt to the varying economic, political, and technological realities of the
20th century.

2. Прочитайте текст
и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений,
обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

Why are Zebras Striped?

When
zebras stick together in a herd, the pattern of their stripes blend together
with the stripes of the zebras around them. This is confusing to a lion! All it
can see is a large, moving, striped mass. The lion has trouble picking out
individual zebras and it’s harder still for the lion to recognize (A)_________!
Each zebra pattern is unique like a fingerprint. Like a fingerprint (B)
_________ and no two zebras are exactly alike. What is truly amazing is (C)
_________ from their body stripe! There are several species classified
according to variations in stripe patterns. The mountain zebra has silver-white
stripes with black markings (D) _________ except for the stomach and the inner
thighs. Plains zebras are pale yellow with broad black stripes. Do you know
that people of Africa think of zebras as black animals with white stripes (E)
_________ as white animals with black stripes! Black stripes or white, the fact
remains (F) _________ and are among the fastest and most graceful of runners in
the African bush land.

1. that
zebras are extremely unique
2.
patterns vary from zebra to zebra
3.
whereas people outside Africa consider them
4.
zebras’ stripes are hard to count
5. that
zebras can recognize other zebras
6.
which way each zebra is moving
7. that
extend to every part of the body

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Anson
was the eldest of six children who would some day divide a fortune of fifteen
million dollars, and he reached the age of reason — is it seven? — at the
beginning of the century when daring young women were already gliding along
Fifth Avenue in electric "mobiles". In those days he and his brother
had an English governess who spoke the language very clearly and crisply and
well, so that the two boys grew to speak as she did - their words and sentences
were all crisp and clear. They didn’t talk exactly like English children but
got an accent that is peculiar to fashionable people in the city of New York.
In the
summer the six children were moved from the house in New York to a big estate
in northern Connecticut. It was not a fashionable locality — Anson’s father was
a man somewhat superior to his class, which composed New York society, which
was snobbish and vulgar, and he wanted his sons to learn habits of
concentration and have sound constitutions and grow up into right-living and
successful men. He and his wife kept an eye on them as well as they were able
until the two older boys went away to school, but in huge establishments this
is difficult — it was much simpler in the series of small and medium-sized
houses in which my own youth was spent — I was never far out of the reach of my
mother’s voice, of the sense of her presence, her approval or disapproval.
Anson’s
first sense of his superiority came to him when he realized the respect that
was paid to him in the Connecticut village. The parents of the boys he played
with always inquired after his father and mother, and were excited when their
own children were asked to play with him in his parents’ house. He accepted
this as the natural state of things, and a sort of impatience with all groups
of which he was not the center — in money, in position, in authority —remained
with him for the rest of his life. He didn’t want to struggle with other boys
for precedence — he expected it to be given him freely, and when it wasn’t
he
withdrew into his family. His family was enough for him.
At
eighteen, Anson was tall and thick-set, with a clear complexion and a healthy
color from the ordered life had led in school. His hair was yellow and grew in
a funny way on his head, his nose was beaked — these two things kept him from
being handsome — but he had a confident charm, and the upper-class men who
passed him on the street knew without being told that he was a rich boy and had
gone to one of the best schools. Nevertheless, his very superiority kept him from
being success in college — the independence was mistaken for egotism, and the
refusal to accept the Yale standards with the proper awe seemed to belittle all
those who had. So, long before he graduated, he began to shift the center of
his life to New York. He was at home in New York — there was his own house with
"the kind of servants you can’t get any more" — and his own family,
and the correct manly world of the men’s clubs. His aspirations were
conventional enough — they included even the decent girl he would some day
marry.
He and
I first met in the late summer of 1917 when he was out of Yale, and, like the
rest of us, was swept up into the hysteria of the war.

3. The
children were taught to speak perfect English because
1)
their parents were British
2) it
was customary in the society they belonged to
3)
daring young women would appreciate it
4) they
had an English governess
4. The
family moved to a big estate in northern Connecticut because
1) the
father was snobbish
2) the
father did not want his children to be snobbish
3) the
climate was healthy there
4) life
was cheaper there
5.The
narrator was closer to his mother in childhood than Anson because
1) they
lived in a smaller house
2)
Anson’s mother did not care much for her children
3) the
narrator’s mother had a kinder heart
4)
Anson was one of six children
6.
Anson expected to be the center of any group for the rest of his life because
1) he
did not struggle with others
2) he
had a lot of money
3) he
was very impatient
4) he
was used to such state of things
7.Anson
was not popular at college because
1)  he
was not handsome
2)  he
came from a rich family
3)  he
had a reputation of being selfish
4)  he
was impolite
8. He
enjoyed living in New York because
1)
there were a lot of men’s clubs
2) he
was going to get married there
3)
there was his own house and his own family
4) the
servants were very good
9. The
narrator and Anson met one another when
1) the
war had just broken out
2)
Anson has just got married
3) the
narrator had just graduated from Yale
4)
Anson was fresh from college

Part 2. Grammar and
vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Каждый пропуск соответствует
отдельному заданию из группы 10-16.

U.S. government shutdown over border wall
10. The
U.S. government will partially shut down over the Christmas period due to a
lack of agreement over funding for the proposed wall along the Mexico border.
Politicians say it is likely that the federal closures__________________  until
after Christmas. (CONTINUE)

11. It
is the__________________ government shutdown of the year. (THREE)

12. U.S.
President Donald Trump has promised a "very long" government shutdown
if Democrats __________________ the border wall. (NOT FUND)

13. Mr
Trump wants the Senate to authorize $5.7 billion to finance the wall, which was
one of the President's major election promises in 2016. He said: "I hope
we don't, but we__________________  for a very long shutdown." (PREPARE)

14. He__________________
: "Shutdown today if Democrats do not vote for border security. (TWEET)

15. The
shutdown __________________ Mr Trump's holiday plans. (AFFECT)

16. The
White House press secretary Sarah Sanders confirmed this in a statement. She
said: "Due to the shutdown, President Trump will remain in Washington,
D.C. and the First Lady__________________  from Florida so they can spend Christmas
together." (RETURN)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-21.

17. Woman
to catch up with men's pay in 200 years   It will be 200 years before women
achieve economic __________________.(EQUAL)

18. This
is according to the __________________released annual Global Gender Gap Report
from the World Economic Forum.( RECENT)

19. Women
lag far behind men in many areas. They currently earn about 20-30 per
cent__________________ on average than men (LITTLE)

20. One
reason for this is the lack of women in management positions. The report said:
"Women still encounter significant obstacles in taking on__________________
or senior official roles." (MANAGER)

21. The
World Economic Forum said inequality closed by only a small amount this
year.
The__________________  gap between the sexes was in politics. It said:
"Only 23 per cent of the political gap..has been closed, and no country
has...closed political empowerment gaps." (LARGE)

22. Gaps
still exist in healthcare and education. The report said: "The equal
contribution of women and men...is critical....Societies cannot afford to lose
out on the skills...of half of__________________ ." (HUMAN)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям
23-29, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Paper Plane That Flew Higher Than a Jet
Many of
us built paper planes to (23) _______ around the classroom, but a team of
British enthusiasts had more ambitious plans — to send a paper plane towards
the edge of space. Last week, the aircraft, built from paper and paper straws,
and with a three-foot wingspan, was launched from a site in Spain. A helium
balloon
(24) _______ it to an altitude of 90,00ft (17 miles) — not, admittedly, very (25)
_______ to outer space (which is considered to begin around 50 miles above the
Earth’s surface), but higher than a jumbo jet would normally fly (39,000ft).
The balloon then (26) _______, allowing the plane to glide gently back to
Earth.Along the way, it took pictures (27) _______ a miniature camera before
landing 100 miles from the launch site, whole but for a tear in its wing.The
project was masterminded by Steve Darnels, John Oates and Lester Haines, who
said they (28) _______ with the idea after being (29) _______ by a project last
year to send a lump of cheese into space. They had done it, they said, for a
“laugh”.

23. 1)
drop             2) send                      3)  throw 4) release
24. 1)
lifted 2) ascend 3) blew 4) pushed
25. 1)
nearly 2)  similar               3) close                4)  exact
26. 1)
destroyed 2) flew               3) disappeared        4) exploded
27. 1)
at                   2) with                3) on                      4) by
28. 1)
came up           2)  came over 3) came out 4) came across
29. 1) drawn
2) involved           3)  inspired                4) captured

Part 3. Writing
30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

Many
people would prefer to work from home.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position
Variant 6
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
TOURING THE COUNTRY
2. NEW
MANAGEMENT
3.
SATISFYING DIFFERENT TASTES
4.
PLEASURE OF THE HOLIDAY
5.
BEGINNING OF THE CAREER
6.
GREAT CHANGES
7. LOSS
OF INTEREST
8.
FINANCIAL POLICY

A.
Tourists from all over the world will enjoy their time in London if they plan a
visit to one of the capital's famous musicals or plays as an inbuilt part of
their holiday in England. The London stage scene has been a big success story
for over a hundred years and visitors will appreciate the programme in London
theatres which has not changed for years.

B.
Robert Sims is the brilliant new author of the comedy play about student life
in Scotland at the Round House Theatre in Glasgow. Robert, who is only twenty
four, started to write the play immediately after leaving university. He told
our reporter that he couldn't write the play while he was at university,
because many of the characters in it were his fellow students or university
lecturers. The play is also partly a musical with some very funny songs.

C. The
new programme of plays at the Eastbourne Winter Garden Theatre contains a very
varied and interesting variety of productions. The summer holiday programme
starts with a French comedy, continues with the play "The Three
Sisters" by Chekhov and ends with the "Rocky Horror Movie Show".
I wonder how the conservative Eastbourne audiences will cope with this
surprising mix.

D. The
new winter season at the Hippodrome Theatre is a big break with tradition. There
are no musicals, no comedies and no Agatha Chistie thrillers. The new
management is staging three Shakespeare plays and two plays by the German
playwright Bertolt Brecht, in addition to a very modern pantomime which doesn't
have either a Prince Charming or two ugly sisters. We wish the Hippodrome every
success in its efforts to bring culture to the masses.

E. Our
winter programme of plays and musicals starts on the first of December. We
offer special rates to all students and senior citizens and there are also very
good reductions for all theatre goers, who join our theatre club and buy
tickets for three or more performances in advance. Theatre programmes with
details of each performance and the actors are also free for all members of the
theatre club, which is another big saving. Support your local theatre again
this season.

F. The
long running soap opera "Green Wellies", set in the rural south east
of England is scheduled to end in August. The directors of Channel 4 point to
decreased enthusiasm for the programme over the last year as the major cause
for this decision. Many viewers have complained about the weak story lines and
the poor acting of some of the main characters. Also a lot of young people are
not interested anymore in hearing about agricultural topics.

G. The
new boys' pop group "No Chance" is scheduled to perform at the
Liberty Theatre in Clacton. This is part of their journey of England from
Bognor in the south to Grimsby in the north. The boys are in big demand after
the successful launch of their new CD "Mind over Matter" and it is
anticipated that the Clacton venue will be a complete sell out. Buy your
tickets now to be sure of a seat.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна
из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.
A
substance produced by disease-transmitting in sects could A _______ .Mosquitoes
and blackflies transmit malaria and river blindness respectively, both of which
B _______ .However, scientists have discovered, in some of these insects, a
substance called a peptide which can C _______ . Recently introduced techniques
have allowed researchers to study these minute insects in order to D _______ .
Professor John Wells said that his team had discovered that the peptides E
_______ . He pointed out that if they could identify the genes responsible for
producing the substance, they could introduce into the world genetically
altered mosquitoes which F _______ .In the wake of these exciting developments,
it is hoped that science will be able to eradicate some major tropical diseases
sooner rather than later.

1. were
incapable of spreading the disease.
2. kill
the viruses and parasites they carry.
3.
provide the key to fighting these same diseases.
4.
cause a large number of deaths every year.
5. find
out more about the peptides.
6. were
active against parasites.
7. were
able to spread the disease.

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

I think
I'm a good librarian. I love books, and the people who read them, and if that
makes me intolerant of the video and computer age, it doesn't matter much in
here. Paul was embarrassed by my job. It didn't fit in with his creative
Director image at dinner parties. He'd rather I had either stayed at home, and
then he could continue to make jokes about me being the last housewife in
captivity; or else that I had found some trendy, highly-paid job in the media.
When I pointed out that I did work in the media, it just wasn't very highly
paid, he would look pained.
I've
always been addicted to the printed word. A former headmistress once said,
"If Constance had nothing else to read, she'd read the label on a jam
jar!"She meant to be scathing, and the other girls tittered
sycophantically, but I thought she was being silly. You could learn a lot from
the labels on jam jars... and besides, the other girls would only gaze into
space and moon. Was that supposed to be better?
So my
first thought, when Kate started school and I decided I could now take a job
with a clear conscience, was something to involve me with books. I would have
been quite happy in a bookshop, but the humiliation of having his wife working
as a shop assistant was more than Paul could contemplate. I tried to argue that
all advertising is only selling. I'd heard him propound the argument often
enough at dinner parties, when smart women fresh out of university and burning
to write had asked him if it wasn't an awful come down, when you'd got a First
in English, to wind up working in advertising? The moment he heard that
contemptuous stress on the first syllable, advertising, aa'man, Paul would
assume his patient, sophisticated smile and take them through his catechism
about selling. But evidently the same didn't apply to me and bookshops.
"Not
even Hatchards?" I'd said. "Then I'd be near your office and we could
meet for lunch sometimes. That would be nice..."
"My
dear girl, you wouldn't stand a chance of getting a job in Hatchards!"
Paul had answered.
So I
did get a year's course in librarianship, and started work within a month of
completing it. There aren't that many librarians with a First from Oxford, and
although I didn't tell my colleagues, it showed up on my CV and must have
impressed the selection committee. They probably thought I wouldn't stay, but I
have spent nearly nine years now in the same public library. It helped to tide
me over the utter disorientation I felt when Paul left me, and my raging sense
of pain and injustice over the divorce. My incredulity at the distortion of our
marriage as expressed in solicitors' letters, and later my fury over the court
proceedings, were tamed and made bearable by the sweet unvarying routine of the
Dewey classifying system and the old ladies, the truanting children and the
coffee breaks.

3. Paul
disapproved of his wife's job because it
1)
deprived him of a chance to show off.
2) had
nothing to do with computers.
3) made
her look like a housewife.
4) was
not acceptable in their circles.

4.
According to the text, the narrator was critical of her school environment as
1) the
headmistress had disapproved of her love for books.
2) the
headmistress had teased her for her obsession.
3) the
other girls had never shared her love for reading.
4) it
had never been a source of excitement for her.
5. The
narrator decided to take a job in a bookshop because
1) it
could offer her vast career opportunities.
2) she
knew it would bring her a lot of money.
3) her
daughter had grown up and did without her help.
4) it
was a great place to meet people who read books.
6.
According to the text, the narrator thought "advertising" to be NOT
1)
effective.
2)
profitable.
3)
successful.
4)
creative.
7. In
order to start the work in a library the narrator needed
1)  a
First from Oxford.
2)  a
year of job experience.
3)
professional qualifications.
4)  a
reference enclosed in CV.
8. The
narrator felt completely confused because of
1)
splitting up with her husband.
2)
financial difficulties.
3)
injustice on the part of old ladies.
4) the
disappointment with her job.
9. The
narrator survived the trauma because
1) she
and her husband remained friends.
2) she
found satisfaction in her job.
3) the
court proceedings were just.
4) her
own children supported her.

Part 2.  Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

What is a rainbow?
10. A
rainbow__________________  when sunlight and water meet. (APPEAR)

11. They__________________
by the refraction and dispersion of the sun's light by
rain or
other water droplets in the atmosphere. (CAUSE)

12. Rainbows
can be seen not just when it's raining but also on misty or foggy days, in the
spray of a waterfall, and even in dew, basically they can appear whenever there
are water droplets in the air and there is sunlight__________________ from
behind at the right angle. (SHINE)

13. It__________________
light refraction, and on a sunny day, with a hosepipe, you can even create your
own rainbow in the garden. (CALL)

14. If
you__________________  very lucky, you might see a double rainbow. (BE)

15. In
certain conditions you can see another, fainter secondary rainbow above the
primary rainbow. The secondary rainbow __________________ the order of the
colours reversed, too, with red on the bottom and violet on the top. (HAVE)

16. There
are many legends from different ancient cultures, all created to explain them,
because let's face it, rainbows are among the__________________  of nature’s
displays. (BEAUTIFUL)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически
и лексически
соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 17-22.

Smiling a lot is a
valued trait

17. People
who often smile __________________radiate (SINCERE)

18. __________________,
connect easily with others  ( LIKEABLE)

19. and
are__________________ more. (APPRECIATE)

20. By
smiling, you make a positive__________________ that will assist in making
contacts and reaching your goals. (IMPRESS)

21. Finding
the right balance between showing a happy or serious__________________
expression is an art in itself. (FACE)

22. Nevertheless
smiling isn't always that easy; sometimes a lot of courage is needed to do it.
Especially in situations where when it's preferable to smile, we tend to clench
our__________________ and look too tense. (JAW)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 23-29,
в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или
4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Youngest Language in the World

Scientists
(23) _______ that the youngest language in the world is Afrikaans, spoken by
South Africans. Dutch and German Protestants avoided persecution from the Roman
Catholic Church in the 17th and 18th centuries to (24) _______ in the Dutch
colony of the Cape of Good Hope on the southern point of Africa.
By the
early 20th century Afrikaans had developed from Dutch, German and other
influences into a(n) (25) _______ independent language with its own
dictionaries. It is the third most spoken language in South Africa (Zulu being
the most spoken, the Zulu people being the largest ethnic group there). New
languages develop as different cultures meet and (26) _______.
For
instance, about 700 different languages are spoken in London. In some suburbs
of big cities (27) _______ London and New York, English is now a second
language. The same is happening — or has taken place — in cities such as Los
Angeles, Miami and Singapore. Already the Internet and mobile phone texting are
influencing the development of languages as people communicate (28) _______
across cultural and regional borders.
The
smallest country in the world is the Vatican. It also is the only country where
Latin is the official language. Somalia is the only country in the world where
all the (29) _______ speak one language, Somali.

23. 1)
tell              2) expect                3)  argue 4) announce
24. 1)
get                2) settle                 3) come             4) go
25. 1)
clearly 2)  fully 3) exactly 4)  surely
26. 1)
participate                  2) unite          3) socialize           4) mix
27. 1)
such                           2) both 3) like                  4) as
28. 1)
freely           2)  simply 3) lightly              4) absolutely
29. 1) settlers
2) citizens 3)  occupants 4) dwellers

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

The
Internet is the greatest time-waster.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 7
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Different Meanings of the Same Words.
2.
Proof Positive — Extra.
3.
Complicated Problems.
4. No
definite Conclusions.
5.
Incomprehensible Notions.
6. A
way of Socializing.
7.
Roots in History.
8. The
Setting of the Book

A. The
novel covers an eventful period in American history and many of the characters
are touched by national and international events. The issue of slavery split
the country, and between 1861 and 1865 the northern and southern states were
engaged in a bloody civil war. After the war ended, the country recovered and
there was a period of rapid economic growth. Settlers moved west to buildnew
farms and adopted new mechanical methods of farming. The railroads expanded and
opened up new production areas and markets. The United States soon became the
world’s leading agricultural producer.

B. From
the landing at Plymouth Rock to today, educators and community members have
debated over the best way that government should fulfill its responsibility to
educate citizens. Underlying these debates are three central questions: What is
the purpose of a public education? Who is to receive the educational services
provided by the public? And, how does government ensure the quality of these
educational services? In various forms, these questions lay beneath all
educational changes and reform measures in American history.

C. In
Europe during the Middle Ages and much of the Early Modern period, the main
purpose of schools (as opposed to universities) was to teach the Latin language.
This led to the term grammar school, which in the United States informally
refers to a primary school, but in the United Kingdom means a school that
selects entrants based on ability or aptitude. Following this, the school
curriculum has gradually broadened to include literacy in the vernacular
language as well as technical, artistic, scientific and practical subjects.

D. A
large number of people depend directly or indirectly on the tobacco business.
Small shops receive a large part of their income from the sale of cigarettes,
and may be forced to close if cigarettes are made illegal. There are also many
others who depend on this market. Tobacco is largely grown in warm countries,
with undeveloped economies. A complete ban on cigarettes would force farmers to
change the crops that they grow, and this is not something that can be carried
out quickly. Poor farmers may not be able to feed their families without the
income from tobacco.

E. The
number of people suffering from respiratory illness in the countryside was
significantly lower in the past than it is today. This supported by Michael J.
Brown’s empirical research and by the statistics collected by the Bureau of
Information over a 50-year period. It is, however, impossible to identify a
direct relation of cause and effect between the increased use of pesticides and
the rise in the number of breathing problems, as so many other factors in
people’s lifestyle have also changed.

F. The
coffee served in the coffee houses wasn’t necessarily very good coffee. Because
of the way coffee was taxed in Britain, the practice was to brew it in large
batches, store it cold in barrels and reheat it a little at a time for serving.
So coffee’s appeal in Britain was less to do with its being a quality beverage
than a social lubricant. People went to coffee houses to meet people of shared
interests, to gossip, read the latest journals and newspapers — a brand-new
word and concept in the 1660s — and exchange information of value to their
lives and business.

G.
Christianity was always curiously ill at ease with cleanliness, and early on
developed an odd tradition of equating holiness with dirtiness. When St. Thomas
a Becket died in 1170, those who laid him out noted approvingly that his
undergarments were ‘seething with lice’. Throughout the medieval period, an
almost sure-fire way to earn lasting honour was to take a vow not to wash. Many
people walked from England to the Holy Land, but when a monk named Godric did
it without getting wet even once he became, all but inevitably, St. Godric.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

Time for a second vote?

Theresa
May this week strongly rejected the idea A___________________. Calls for such a
vote have been growing among MPs, who claim it’s the only way
B___________________. But May, who last week survived a Tory leadership
challenge, insisted that another plebiscite would do “irreparable damage to the
integrity of our politics”. While the Government was this week stepping up
preparations for a no deal, a defiant May insisted C__________________ for her
Brexit deal. Last week, she postponed a Commons vote on that deal for fear she
might lose it: she now says D___________________  in the week beginning 14
January. Earlier in the week, May had travelled to an EU summit in Brussels
E___________________ that might help her sell her deal to her party. However,
EU leaders declined to oblige and May had a heated exchange with Jean-Claude
Juncker, the European Commission president, F____________________ ."

1. in
the hopes of securing fresh concessions
2. of
holding a second Brexit referendum
3.
she’ll put it to the House
4.
after he reportedly called her demands “nebulous”
5. of
breaking the parliamentary deadlock
6.
thereby risking an accidental no-deal outcome
7. that
she remained committed to winning support

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

How it all began

The
Salinas Valley is long and narrow, and it lies between two mountain ranges in
Northern California. The Salinas River twists and turns through the center
until it falls at last into Monterey Bay. I remember the Gabilan Mountains to
the east of the valley. They were light and sunny and lovely, and they invited
you to climb into their warm foothills. The Santa Lucias stood darkly against
the sky to the west, and they were unfriendly and dangerous. I always loved the
East and feared the West, but I don’t know why. Maybe it was because the
morning came over the peaks of the Gabilans, and the night approached from the
Santa Lucias.
The
floor of the Salinas Valley was wide and flat. After a rainy winter, the valley
was carpeted with spring flowers of all colours: bright blue and white, burning
orange, red, and mustard yellow. In the shade of the oak trees, green plants
grew and gave a good smell. In June the grasses on the hills turned gold and
yellow and red. The soil in the valley was deep and rich, but in the foothills
it was poor and thin.
There
were good years, when the rainfall was plentiful, but there were also very bad
years. The water came in a thirty-year cycle. There would be five or six wet,
wonderful years followed by six or seven good years. Then came the dry years
when the earth dried and cracked and the streams stopped. The grass was scarce,
the cattle grew thin, and a hot, dry wind blew dust down the valley. Then the
farmers and the ranchers hated the Salinas Valley. Some families would sell out
for nearly nothing and move away. During the dry years, the people forgot about
the rich years, and when the wet years returned, they lost all memory of the
dry years. It was always that way.
The
first people who lived in the Salinas Valley were the Indians. They lived on
insects, nuts, and shellfish. Then came the soldiers and priests sent by the
King of Spain. They explored the land greedily for gold and souls. They made
maps and named everything they saw. Buena Vista was a beautiful view, Laguna
Seca was a dry lake, and Salinas was white like salt.
After
that came the Americans, even greedier because there were more of them. They
occupied the valley land first, then moved into the foothills. Soon there were
wooden farmhouses and growing families wherever there was water. The farmers
planted square fields of corn and wheat, and long lines of trees to protect the
topsoil from the wind. The trails between the farms became roads. Stores and
workshops opened along the roads, and little towns grew up around them
—Bradley, King City, Greenfield. And this is the way the Salinas Valley was
when my grandfather brought his wife and settled in the foothills east of King
City. I must depend on stories, old photographs, and memories to tell you the
story of the Hamiltons. Young Samuel Hamilton and his wife came from the north
of Ireland in around 1870. He was the son of small farmers, not rich but not
poor. They were well-educated and well-read, and they were related to great
families as well as humble ones.
I do
not know why Samuel left that green land. He was not a political man, so he
surely was not a rebel. He was perfectly honest, so it was not the police. In
my family, they whispered that he loved a woman who was not his wife.

3. The
Santa Lucias were dangerous because...
1)
robbers were hiding there.
2)
earthquakes were frequent.
3) they
were in the west.
4) a
lot of mountaineers had found their death there.
4. The
farmers and the ranchers hated the Salinas Valley...
1) when
it rained a lot.
2) when
the dry years came.
3) when
the wind was too strong.
4) when
it was too hot.
5. The
Spanish priests were sent to the place by their king...
1) to
find gold.
2) collect
insects, nuts, and shellfish.
3)
admire the beautiful views.
4) to
spread Christianity.
6. The
Americans came because...
1) they
needed land for farming.
2) they
wanted to build roads.
3) they
wanted to protect the topsoil from the wind.
4) they
had growing families.
7. The
narrator must depend on stories, old photographs, and memories because...
1)  he
would not be able to tell his story without them.
2)  no
story could be told without them.
3)  he
liked them a lot.
4)  his
grandfather had told him to use them.
8. The
Hamiltons came to the Salinas Valley...
1) to
escape from the British police
2) to
leave the hardships behind
3) for
no obvious reasons
4) to
forget the troubles he had in Ireland
9.  ‘Green
land’ here means...
1)
Ireland.
2) The Salinas
Valley.
3)
fields of grass.
4) the
foothills.

Part 2. Grammar and
vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они грамматически
соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 10-16.

New insight makes
CRISPR easier to use

10. A
STORM of criticism met claims last month that a Chinese
scientist__________________  the world’s first genome-edited children.(CREATE)

11. One
reason is that the twin girls have unpredicted new mutations with unknown
effects. It now__________________ there is an easy way to ensure the CRISPR
genome editing technique makes far more precise, predictable genetic mutations.
(APPEAR)

12. The
term “CRISPR genome editing” is a bit of a misnomer. The
method__________________ to disable genes by introducing mutations in a
specific site – adding or removing one or more DNA letters. (USE)

13. Paola
Scaffidi of the Francis Crick Institute in London__________________these
mutations might not be fully random. (SUSPECT)

14. To
find out, her team used the CRISPR technique to mutate 1500genome sites in
human cells growing in a dish, and__________________  a simple pattern.(FIND)

15. If
the fourth DNA letter from the end is a G, the resulting mutation is indeed
relatively random. But if it is an A, T or C the outcome is more predictable.
For instance, if it is aT,in9outof 10cells a single extra T__________________
at the target site. (INSERT)

16. If
confirmed, the result means that the thousands of biologists around the
world__________________  CRISPR for research can make it far more precise and
powerful simply by altering where the protein binds (USE)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Deciding what to
learn

17. Every
year I promise myself that next year, my Christmas shopping will be
__________________; every year I fail. (GOOD)

18. In
my mind’s eye, I imagine myself walking from charming local store to charming
local store, buying __________________, wholesome presents for my friends and
family.( THOUGHT)

19. In
practice, without fail, three-quarters of them come from Amazon, trailing an
odour of tax __________________ and dystopian “fulfilment centres”.(AVOID)

20. And
if it’s not Amazon, it’s probably worse. Late last night I found myself on the
website of Sports Direct, whose Derbyshire warehouse is known
__________________ as “the gulag”, buying my nephew the snood he wanted –a
face-covering that looked as if it was designed for football violence or armed
robbery. (LOCAL)

21. Has
Christmas become slightly more __________________  recently? I suppose it’s
just that, since we consume more during the retail solstice, it has been
heavily affected by the modern tendency to look into the ethical consequences
of consumer behaviour. (DISQUIET)

22. This
is, no doubt, something that we need to do: see plastic pollution, etc. But it
becomes pretty lowering, if taken too far. Many Christmas trees, I read this
week, are grown on shrinking moorlands and slathered in insecticides. So I
would like to propose a new __________________ tradition: a ban on thinking
about all that stuff too much, for a week or so around the 25th. I hope this
helps you enjoy your Christmas. (SEASON)

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29.
Эти
номера соответствуют заданиям 23-29, в которых представлены возможные варианты
ответов. Запишите
цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Memories
Scientists
have planted (23) _______ memories into people's minds in a study that
demonstrates just how easy it is for police to convince people they have (24)
_______ something that did not actually happen.
More
than a third of people are susceptible to false memories, according (25)
_______ studies by professor of psychology at the University of California. Her
experiments could (26) _______ why so many people in
Washington
DC said they saw a white van near to the scene of last year's sniper shootings.
In fact, the snipers used a dark car and no white van was involved.
Where
did that white van come from? It came from the fact that someone talked to the
media and suddenly the whole country is looking for a white van that perhaps
did not exist,' she said.
In one
study, professor implanted a false memory in the minds of volunteers who had
visited Disneyland as children. 'We have tried to come (27) _______ with ways
of planting memories that could not have happened. We try to (28) _______
people believe that when they went to Disneyland they managed to (29) _______
hands with Bugs Bunny. Bugs could never have been at Disneyland because he is a
Warner Bros character. Yet we've found a way of getting 36 per cent of our
subjects to tell us they shook hands with Bugs.'

23. 1)
poor           2) bad                  3)  false            4) artificial
24. 1)
participated          2) saw 3) experienced           4) witnessed
25. 1)
with                       2)  of             3) the
4)  to
26. 1)
foresee                  2) explain 3) tell                      4) predict
27. 1)
up                            2) over           3) In                        4)
out
28. 1)
force           2)  make 3) have                 4) let
29. 1)
reach            2) touch 3)  shake                4) move

Part 3. Writing
30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

Online
education is very important nowadays.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 8
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Christmas Shopping
2.
Crime at Christmas
3.
Christmas Traditions
4.
Christmas — a Family Celebration
5.
Christmas in Russia
6.
Christmas Dinner
7.
Christmas Weather
8. New
Year’s Celebrations

A.
There are a lot of traditions connected with Christmas but perhaps the most
important one is the giving of presents. Family members wrap up their gifts and
leave them at the bottom of the Christmas tree to be found on Christmas
morning. Children leave a long sock or stocking at the end of their beds on
Christmas Eve, 24th December, hoping that Father Christmas will come down the
chimney during the night and bring them small presents, fruit and nut.

B. At
some time on Christmas day the family will sit down to a big turkey dinner
followed by Christmas pudding or Christmas cake. As for Christmas cake, heavy
and overfilling it is not to everybody’s taste. To make things worse, it takes
weeks to make and when it is ready it can last until Easter, so if you don’t
like it, you have to try and eat some at Christmas to avoid being haunted by it
months after.

C.
Officially Christmas and New Year celebrations run from the 24th of December to
the 2nd of January. However, for many Brits the Christmas marathon starts as
early as the beginning of October with the first festive adverts on TV. The
idea of Christmas shopping is that you spend as much money as you can on
anything you cast your eyes on, preferably something neither you nor your
family or friends will ever use. An average British family spends 670 pounds or
more around the Christmas period.

D. Long
live Christmas! - say pickpockets, car thieves and burglars getting their share
of Christmas shopping. Every year thousands of people get their wallets stolen
in overcrowded shops and streets. Lots of lovely presents, which somebody spent
so much time and money on, disappear without a trace when cars and homes are
broken into. As much as 9% of people experience a burglary in December.

E. Who
doesn’t want to have a white Christmas? Playing snowballs and making a snowman
with the whole family on Christmas Day is most people’s dream (apart from the
countries like Australia that celebrate Christmas in summer, on the beach).
This dream is more likely to come true in northern countries like Russia, but
for the British people it’s different. Although it’s not uncommon to get some
snow in Scotland and northern England, the rest of Britain is normally only
lucky enough to get some frost. In most cases the weather is wet and gloomy.

F. New
year is a time for celebrating and making a new start in life. In Britain many
people make New Year’s resolutions. This involves people promising themselves
that they will improve their behaviour in some way, by giving up bad habits.
People might decide to give up smoking, for example, or to go on a diet. These
promises are often broken in the first few days of the New Year, however!

G.
Christmas is celebrated on the 25th of December. For most families, this is the
most important festival of the year. On this day many people are travelling
home to be with their families. Most houses are decorated with
brightly-coloured paper or holly, and there is usually a Christmas tree in the
corner of the front room. Unfortunately, not all families get on well together.
As it is a well-known fact, some magazines publish tips on how to cope with
Christmas, such as yoga, meditation or holidays abroad.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна
из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

More than
intelligence needed for success in life

Meltwater
is now ponding on the surface of Antarctica's inland ice and in larger and more
numerous ponds on the ice shelves surrounding the continent. This creates
stresses that could break up the ice shelves, A___________________from flowing
more rapidly into the ocean. And models suggest that by the end of
this
century, it will be warmer air -- B___________________  -- that plays the
largest role in driving Antarctica's contributions to sea level rise.
"It
is crucial that we develop a better understanding of the dynamics of Antarctica's
190 feet (58 m) of potential sea level riseC __________________ ," said
Alison Banwell, a CIRES postdoctoral visiting fellow and co-author of an
assessment published this week in Nature Climate Change. "We have gained
some insight from Greenland, where there's much greater surface melting
occurring today, and a whole host of different processes
are at
play. For example, if there's sufficient surface melting on Antarctica's
grounded ice, some of this water could make it to the ice sheet base D___________________
, as it is already doing under much of the Greenland Ice Sheet."
In
their Perspectives piece, Banwell and her colleagues -- from Columbia
University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Rowan University --identify
key gaps in scientists' understanding of Antarctica. They discuss the need for
more research on, for example, how snow on the continent compacts into firn,
and then ice; how and whether surface melt may ultimately reach thebase of the
ice sheet; E___________________ and subsurface lakes forming on ice shelves.
Understanding
and being able to predict the occurrence of such processes is crucial for
scientists F____________________ , and the risks posed to coastal dwellers
around the world.

1. from
field teams on the ground
2. which
buttress inland ice
3. and
the possibility of more widespread surface
4.
sitting frozen atop the continent
5. and
affect the ice's flow into the ocean
6. who
want to understand global sea level rise
7. rather than warmer ocean water

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Great Grandad

It was
a funny thing, a surprising thing, that brought Grandad back to me. It was
algebra.
I
collided with algebra in my first year at secondary school, and it sent me
reeling. The very word itself seemed sinister, a word from black magic.
Algebracadabra. Algebra messed up one of those divisions between things that
help you make sense of the world and keep it tidy. Letters make words; figures
make numbers. They had no business getting tangled up together. Those as and bs
and xs and ys with little numbers floating next to their heads, those brackets
and hooks and symbols, all trying to conceal an answer, not give you one. I'd
sit there in my own little darkness watching it dawn on the faces of my
classmates.
Their
hands would go up — “Miss! Miss!” — and mine never did. The homework reduced me
to tears.
“I
don’t see the point of it,” I wailed. “I don’t know what it’s for!”
Grandad,
as it turned out, liked algebra, did know what it was for. But he sat opposite
me and didn’t say anything for a while. Considering my problem in that careful,
expressionless way of his.
Eventually
he said, “Why do you do PE at school?” “What?” “PE. Why do they make you do
it?”
“Because
they hate us?” I suggested.
“And
the other reason?”
“To
keep us fit, I suppose.”
“Physically
fit, yes.” He reached across the table and put the first two fingers of each
hand on the sides of my head.
“There
is also mental fitness, isn’t there?”
I can
explain to you why algebra is useful. But that is not what algebra is really
for.” He moved his fingers gently on my temples. “It’s to keep what is in here
healthy. PE for the head. And the great thing is you can do it sitting down.
Now, let us use these little puzzles here to take our brains for a jog.”
And it
worked. Not that I ever enjoyed algebra. But I did come to see that it was
possible to enjoy it. Grandad taught me that the alien signs and symbols of
algebraic equations were not just marks on paper. They were not flat. There
were three-dimensional, and you could approach them from different directions,
look at them from different angles, stand them on their heads. You could take
them apart and put them together in a variety of shapes, like Lego. I stopped
being afraid of them.
I
didn’t know it at the time, of course, but those homework sessions were a
breakthrough in more ways than one. If Grandad had been living behind an
invisible door, then algebra turned out to be the key that opened it and let me
in.
And
what I found wasn’t the barren tumbleweed landscape that I’d imagined. It was
not like that at all.
I’d
known for a long time that he was fond of puzzles. When I was younger he used
to send me letters with lots of the words replaced by pictures or numbers.
They
always ended 02U, which meant Love to you, because zero was ‘love’ in tennis.
He was often disappointed when I couldn’t work them out. Or couldn’t be
bothered to. Now I discovered that Grandad’s world was full of mirages and
mazes, or mirrors and misleading signs. He was fascinated by riddles and codes
and
conundrums and labyrinths, by the origin of place names, by grammar, by slang,
by jokes — although he never laughed at them — by anything that might mean
something else. He lived in a world that was slippery, changeable, fluid.

3.
Algebra made the girl (narrator) feel
1)
confident
2)
happy
3)
miserable
4)
proud
4. All
her classmates
1) were
eager to answer
2) were
reluctant to answer
3)
hesitated to answer
4) were
slow to answer
5. The
words 'mental fitness' mean
1)
health
2)
intelligence
3)
strength
4)
endurance
6. The
grandfather helped the girl because
1) he
did her homework
2) he made
her work hard
3) he
explained that algebra was useful
4) he
taught her a new approach to the subject
7. When
the narrator says 'the barren tumbleweed landscape', she means
1)  her
grandfather’s inner world
2)  the
wasteland behind their house
3)  their
badly kept garden
4)  an
unpleasant view
8. The
grandfather sent his granddaughter letters with puzzles because he wanted her
1) to
be better educated
2) know
something new
3) to
share his interests
4)
understand algebra better
9. The
grandfather was very much interested in
1)
changes
2)
fluids
3)
multiple meanings of things
4) tennis

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

What's next for
smart homes: An 'Internet of Ears?'

10. The
technology of interconnecting commercial, industrial or government buildings,
someday even entire communities,__________________  to as the "Internet of
Things," or IoT. ( REFER)

11. But
a pair of electrical engineering and computer science professors in the Case
School of Engineering__________________  with a new suite of sensors. This
system would read not only the vibrations, sounds -- and even the specific
gait, or other movements -- associated with people and animals in a building,
but also any subtle changes in the existing ambient electrical field.
(EXPERIMENT)

12. "We
__________________ to make a building that is able to 'listen' to the humans
inside," said Ming-Chun Huang, an assistant professor in electrical
engineering and computer science. (TRY)

13. "We
are using principles similar to those of the human ear, where
vibrations__________________  up and our algorithms decipher them to determine
your specific movements. That's why we call it the 'Internet of
Ears.'"(PICK)

14. Huang
is leading the research related to human gait and motion tracking, while
Soumyajit Mandal, the T. and A. Schroeder Assistant Professor of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Science,__________________  on vibration sensing and
changes in the existing electrical field caused by the presence of humans or
even pets. (FOCUS)

15. Huang
and Mandal__________________ details of their research in October at the IEEE
Sensors conference in New Delhi, India. (PUBLISH)

16. A
longer version of their results__________________ in the journal IEEE  Transactions
on Instrumentation and Measurement early next year. (APPEAR)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Smarter AI:
Machine learning without negative data

17. Classifying
things is critical for our __________________  lives. (DAY)

18. For
example, we have to detect spam mail, fake political news, as well
as__________________ things such as objects or faces. When using AI, such tasks
are based on "classification technology" in machine learning --
having the computer learn using the boundary separating positive and negative
data. (MANY)

19. The
__________________with this technology is that it requires both positive and
negative data for the learning process, and negative data are not available in
many cases. (DIFFICULT)

20. In
terms of real-life programs, when a retailer is trying to predict who will make
a purchase, it can__________________ find data on customers who purchased from
them (positive data), but it is basically impossible to obtain data on
customers who did not purchase from them (negative data), since they do not
have access to their competitors' data. (EASY)

21. Another
example is a common task for app developers: they need to predict which users
will continue using the app (positive) or stop (negative). However, when a user
unsubscribes, the developers lose the user's data because they have to
completely delete data regarding that user in__________________ with the
privacy policy to protect personal information. (ACCORD)

22. To
see how well the system functioned, they used it on a set of photos that
contains __________________ labels of fashion items. For example, they chose
"T-shirt," as the positive class and one other item, e.g.,
"sandal," as the negative class. (VARY)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 23-29,
в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или
4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

То the North of London

The
Aldenham Country Park is a large and pleasant area easily reached if you are
travelling north out of London. It is worth visiting if you want a quick breath
of fresh air and a reasonably attractive place for a brief picnic.
The
most important point of the park is Aldenham Reservoir. It was built in 1796 to
(23) _______ water level in the river (24) _______ by the newly constructed
Grand Union Canal, and more recently has been used as a reserve public water
supply. Not far from there lies a busy town of Watford which can be recommended
for a brief visit. And in any (25) _______ much more interesting stretches of
the canal are met further north.
And if
you make your way through the town you can visit the Watford Museum in the High
Street which has materials on printing and paper-making on (26) _______ .
The
picture gallery has changing exhibitions of works by artists who lived or
painted in the area. Another attraction of the neighbourhood is a fascinating
complex of Roman buildings, the (27)_______ of a great city, once the third
largest centre of Roman Britain. The private houses were impressive, many of
them furnished with mosaic floors. The beauty of the mosaics can hardly be
described on paper, and it is best by standing and looking for (28 _______
awhile. The other principal Roman site to be visited is a long stretch of the
city wall which (29) _______ back to the 3rd century.

23. 1)
remain 2) support            3)  hold             4) maintain
24. 1)
confused 2) affected 3) bothered         4) disturbed
25. 1) condition
2) situation 3) circumstance 4)  case
26. 1)
presentation 2) display 3) demonstration 4) exhibition
27. 1)
remains 2) wastes 3) wreckage 4) reminders
28. 1)
praised 2)  approved 3) appreciated         4) regarded
29. 1) dates
2) returns 3) follows 4) comes

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

Work is
the most important thing in life.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 9
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В
задании один заголовок лишний.
1. A
law unto Itself
2.
Order of the Day
3. Similarities
and Differences
4.
Eating Habits of the Past
5.
Controversial Leadership
6.
Healthy Diet
7. A
few Tips before an Exam
8.
Slowly but Surely

A.
Elizabeth, England’s most popular ruler, had a difficult childhood, having been
declared illegitimate after the fall of Anne Boleyn. Under Mary she was a
prisoner, held briefly in the Tower, as a likely focus of Protestant plots. She
proved to be a ruler of quality: courageous, shrewd and possessing a potent way
with words, although she was politically indecisive. Her aim was stability and
concord, but administration was neglected. Crown was losing money, corruption
crept into government, and disagreements between Crown and parliament were
becoming sharper and shaper.

B.
Language has its own force and works to demands and impulses which cannot
always prove the received idea that economic and military superiority alone
produce linguistic dominance. Pressure groups and revolutionaries can play a
part. African American English came from a minority, mostly poor, often
oppressed, all of whom were descended from a different language pool than
English, and yet their expressions colonized the English language and not only
of youth.

C. Of
all the sciences psychology was then the youngest and least scientific which
most captivated the general public and had the most destructive effect upon
religious faith. Psychology was king. Freud, Adler, Jung and Watson had their
tens of thousands of fans; intelligence-testers invaded the schools;
psychiatrists were installed in business houses to hire and fire employees and
determine advertising policies; and one had only to read the newspapers to be
told with complete assurance that psychology held the key to the problems of
misbehavior, divorce, and crime.

D. It
is hard to overemphasize how important bread was to the English dietthrough the
nineteenth century. For many people bread wasn't just an important
accompaniment to a meal, it was the meal. Even middle-class people spent as
much as two-thirds of their income on food, of which a fairly high and
sensitive proportion was bread. For a poorer family, the daily diet was likely
to consist of a few ounces of tea and sugar, some vegetables, a slice or two of
cheese and, just occasionally, a very little meat. All the rest was bread.

E.
Successful paragraphing is essential to good writing. Do not use too many
paragraphs. If paragraphs are very short, this may mean that the writer has
either introduced ideas without developing them, or separated one idea over
several paragraphs. If paragraphs are very long, there is likely to be more
than one idea in the same paragraph. Poor paragraphing is considered poor style
and will result in a lower grade. As a general rule, a paragraph should use a
minimum of three sentences to develop an idea.

F. The
links between smoking and major illnesses such as lung cancer and respiratory
disease have been well-known for several decades. The laws governing the sale
of cigarettes and the places where people are allowed to smoke have become
stronger in response to people’s growing fears. It is believed that these more
gradual changes in the law are preferable to a complete ban.

G.
American football is one of the most popular sports in the United States. It is
a very physical game and the players wear helmets and special protective
clothes. Baseball is a popular summer sport and there are two major leagues.
Basketball is the third most popular sport; and top basketball players can earn
millions of dollars. Football, or soccer, is only a minority sport in the USA,
though the national team has qualified for World Cups recently. In Britain the
most popular sport in winter is definitely football. Rugby is another popular
winter sport.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна
из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

Scientists
discover new 'pinwheel' star system

Specifically,
the scientists detected a gamma-ray burst progenitor system – a type of
supernova A___________________ and narrow jet of plasma and which is thought to
occur only in distant galaxies.
"It
was not expected such a system would be found in our galaxy -- only in younger
galaxies much further away," adds Pope. "Given its brightness, it is
surprising it was not discovered a lot sooner."
The
system, an estimated 8,000 light years away Earth, is adorned with a dust
"pinwheel" --B___________________  on star deaths may be incomplete.
When
the most massive stars in our universe near the end of their lives, they
produce fast winds -- C __________________ -- that carry away large amounts of
a star's mass. These fast winds should carry away the star's rotational energy
and slow it down long before it dies.
"These
massive stars are often found with a partner, in which the fast winds from the
dying star can collide with its companion to produce a shock that emits at
X-ray and radio frequencies D___________________ ," explains Joseph
Callingham, a postdoctoral fellow at the Netherlands Institute for Radio
Astronomy
and lead author of the paper."Apep's dust pinwheel moves much slower
E___________________ ," he adds. "One way this can occur is if one of
the massive stars is rotating so quickly that it is nearly tearing itself
apart. Such a rotation means that when it runs out of fuel and begins to
explode as a supernova, it will collapse at the poles before the equator,
F____________________ ."

1. that
blasts out an extremely powerful
2. one
that also challenges existing theories
3. and
produces exotic dust patterns
4.
whose strangely slow motion suggests current theories
5.
typically moving at more than 1,000 kilometers per second
6.
producing a gamma-ray burst
7. than
the wind in the system

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Going Green!

When I
told my mother I was going to be a vegetarian she didn’t try to discourage me,
she simply said, “Fine, but I’m not making two dinners”. She thought it was a
phase, something that I would grow out of. After all, who can live their entire
life without eating a hamburger, or the traditional turkey at Thanksgiving?
Turns out, lots of people can.
Much to
my mother’s dismay, I turned out to be one of thousands of vegetarians in
Canada who were under voting age. Some people thought I did it to be cool, some
people (like my mother) thought I did it for shock value. But I was always asked
the one-word question: WHY? Lots of reasons. I was never a big steak fan, loved
animals, and when I was little
I had a
friend who lived on a dairy farm. If you have ever named a cow, you will
understand how difficult it is to sit down to a hamburger. But there was, of
course, one fateful encounter that pushed me to my dinner of destiny.
My
mother had a friend named Jen. Jen had long brown hair down to her calves.
I’m not
exaggerating, it was down to her calves. She insisted we go to a natural food
store in our town so she could get organic vegetables and soymilk. I had never
even known what soy was, or that there was a difference between vegetables from
the grocery store and vegetables from a natural food store. And I was amazed.
Not only did she have hair down to her calves, but she also knew about foods I
had never even heard of. My decision was made.
I feel
very fortunate to be a vegetarian in an age where there are so many meat
alternatives. My friends and family appreciate that I don’t try to force my
food choices on them.
If you
are thinking about becoming a vegetarian, it’s important to do a little
research first and make sure you maintain a healthy diet. I have met so many
junk-food vegetarians (a self-proclaimed vegetarian who doesn’t eat meat, but
doesn’t eat anything healthy or remotely close to a vegetable), that I’m not
surprised most people think eating vegetarian isn’t healthy.

3.
According to paragraph 1, how did Julie’s mother react to her daughter’s
decision to become a vegetarian?
1) She
tried to talk Julie out of doing it.
2) She
refused to cook separately for Julie.
3) She
expressed anger about Julie’s decision.
4) She
reminded Julie how tasty hamburgers were.
4.
According to paragraph 4, what was Julie so amazed by?
1) her
mother’s friend’s length of hair.
2) the
variety of organic vegetables.
3) the
existing difference between organic and non-organic vegetables.
4) the
discovery of soymilk.
5. What
finally persuaded Julie to try vegetarianism?
1) her
love for animals and nature
2) her
visits to a dairy farm
3) her
discovery of organic foods
4) her
research on healthy diets
6.According
to the text, which of the following is the most essential to be a vegetarian?
1) to
grow your own vegetables
2) to
know much about healthy dieting
3) to
consume food supplements
4) to
buy food in a Natural Food Store
7.
According to the text, all of the following statements about vegetarians are
true EXCEPT __.
1)  Vegetarians
can find a lot of substitutes for meat today
2)
Some vegetarians have unhealthy eating habits
3)
Vegetarians consume soymilk to have healthy hair
4)  A
lot of people become vegetarians in their teens
8. It
is stated in the text that Julie __
1)
accepts other people’s eating habits
2)
criticizes her family for eating junk-food
3)
encourages her friends to be vegetarian
4)
takes an active part in nutrition studies
9.
According to the text, why do most people think eating vegetarian isn’t healthy?
1) they
misunderstand a vegetarian diet.
2) they
are sure people can’t live without meat.
3) they
had sad experience in their lives.
4) they
think a vegetarian diet doesn’t contain enough vitamins.

Part 2.  Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

How the brain
decides what to learn

10. Now,
Stanford biologists report Oct. 26 in Science, they think
they__________________  out how animals sort through the details. ( FIGURE)

11. A
part of the brain called the paraventricular thalamus, or PVT,
__________________  as a kind of gatekeeper, (SERVE)

12. __________________
sure that the brain identifies and tracks the most salient details of a
situation. (MAKE)

13. Although
the research, funded in part by the Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute's
Neurochoice Initiative, __________________  to mice for now, the results could
one day help researchers better understand how humans learn or even help treat
drug addiction, said senior author Xiaoke Chen, an assistant professor of
biology. " (CONFINE)

14. The
results are a surprise, Chen said, in part because few__________________  the
thalamus could do something so sophisticated.(SUSPECT)

15. "We
__________________ showed thalamic cells play a very important role in keeping
track of the behavioral significance of stimuli, (SHOW)

16. which
nobody __________________ before," said Chen, who is also a member of
Stanford Bio-X and the Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute. (DO)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Deciding what to
learn

17. Psychologists
and neuroscientists have studied this aspect of learning __________________
and even traced it to specific parts of the brain that process feedback and
drive learning. (EXTENSIVE)

18. Still,
that picture of learning is __________________ , Chen said.( COMPLETE)

19. Even
in relatively uncomplicated laboratory experiments, let alone life in the real
world, humans and other animals need to figure out what to learn from
--__________________ , what's feedback and what's noise. Despite that need,
it's an issue psychologists and neuroscientists have not paid as much attention
to.(ESSENTIAL)

20. To
start to remedy that, Chen and colleagues taught __________________ to associate
particular odors with good and bad outcomes. One odor signaled a sip of water
was coming, while another signaled the mouse was about to get a puff of air to
the face. (MOUSE)

21. __________________
, the researchers replaced the air puff with a mild electric shock -- something
that would presumably command a bit more attention. (LATE)

22. The
team found that neurons in the PVT tracked that change. During the air-puff
phase, two-thirds of PVT neurons responded to both odors while
an__________________ 30 percent were activated only by the odor signaling
water. In other words, during this phase the PVT responded to both good and bad
outcomes, but there was greater response to good. (ADD)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям
23-29, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Dream machine

This
could be the answer to our dreams: a new exercise machine that claims to squash
an hour's training (23) _______ a mere four-minute fit of activity. The
Timeworks exerciser (24) _______ each of the body's muscle groups to be
exercised simultaneously. Use it four times a week for four minutes and you are
(25) _______ better fitness, weight loss and body toning. Sounds great, but
does it work?
According
to a study at New York University, it does. Dr Roberts says: 'Fitness improves
(26) _______ to the metabolic effect of exercising every muscle group, and fat
is burned more (27) _______ .'
But
don't rush out and buy one just yet. Apart (28) _______ being a bit pricey,
British
experts aren't so sure.
'Four
minutes' exercise four times a week isn't enough,' says Dr Warren. 'And you
don't need expensive equipment to exercise — walking or visiting a sports
centre are (29) _______ valuable ways of keeping fit.'

23. 1)
through           2) from 3)  into           4) with
24. 1)
gives                      2) affords 3) lets           4) allows
25. 1)
achieved             2)  given         3) reached       4)  promised
26. 1)
thanks                2) due              3) because 4) -
27. 1)
quickly 2) effectively           3) skillfully 4) efficiently
28. 1)
from 2)  to                      3) that                    4) for
29. 1)
neither 2) either 3)  too                    4) both

Part 3. Writing
30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

Are
exams a fair way of testing students?

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 10
Part 1. Reading
1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Unique Species Lost
2. The
Great Change Is Coming
3. The
Cultural Mix
4.
Creation of Fierce Nature
5. The
Role in Commercial Exchanges
6.
Unbelievable story
7. The
Perfect Place for One’s Vacation
8. Many
Names for One Place

A. Over
ten million years ago, the waters of the Indian Ocean boiled. Massive volcanoes
erupted miles underneath the surface. Huge amounts of lava were forced up. This
violence and force gave birth to a series of islands, today called the
Mascarene Islands, located over 500 miles to the East of Madagascar, off the
coast of Africa. These include the islands of Reunion, Rodrigues and the most
famous of all — Mauritius.

B.
Mauritius is just 42 miles long and 29 miles wide, and has only been inhabited
since the 17th Century, but already has a rich and varied history and is famous
for many things. Early Arabic maps called the island Dina Mashriq (Eastern
Island), the Portuguese called it the Island of the Swan when they first
discovered it in the early 1500’s. The Dutch, who were the first to try to live
there, renamed it Mauritius after Prince Maurice of Nassau, and under French
rule from 1715, Ile de France was the name. With British rule in 1810 the name
changed back to Mauritius, and has remained so, even after independence in
1968.

C.
Historically, Mauritius was an important location on trade routes, and was one
of the first countries in the world to produce postage stamps. The Blue Penny
stamp from 1847 is one of the rarest in the world. However, it was (and is)
sugar, introduced to the island in the 1600’s, that made the island. Mauritius
has a perfect climate for growing sugar cane, it now covers much of the island,
and Mauritian sugar is exported throughout the world.

D.
Today Mauritius is also a famous holiday location for tourists wishing to relax
on a beautiful paradise island. The coral reef surrounding much of it makes it
ideal for water sports, diving and fishing. Its tropical climate means there
are many exotic plants and flowers to see, such as the orchid or palm tree. Its
volcanic origins have also created a fascinating landscape, with volcanic
peaks, craters, coloured earths and waterfalls.

E.
Because the island was isolated, many plants and animals developed there unlike
anywhere else in the world, the Dodo being the most famous of these. This
large, flightless bird was described by the first Dutch settlers, but by the
time they left the island in 1710, all Dodos were gone. There are many theories
for this, as the Dodos themselves were not good to eat, but most people now
think that the animals the sailors brought with them (goats, pigs, rats) were
the cause of this extinction — as they ate the bird’s eggs on the forest floor.

F.
Mauritius has been called a rainbow nation because of its huge number of
different ethnic groups. Different nationalities coming to the island over the
centuries have brought their own culture, language, traditions, and added it to
the Mauritian mixture — from India, China, France, England, and other African
countries. There are over 80 different religious denominations and more than 20
languages spoken. Unsurprisingly, there are 11 official public holidays; from
the Chinese New Year to the Hindu, Maha Shivaratree festival, part of which
involves walking to a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano.

G. In
the 1970’s and 80’s the Government encouraged the growth of the clothing
industry in the country and the economy grew as a result. Now there is a far
greater project underway; an effort to turn Mauritius from a sugar-island to a
cyber-island. A state-of-the-art ‘cyber-city’ is being built to provide IT,
computing and communication technologies for local and international companies.
Cyber city is focused around a 12-storey high-tech tower with excellent
computing resources and internet connections. When completed, it will also
contain more high-tech offices, a large supermarket and a housing development.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна
из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

New Spider Species
A new
spider species in India has been given a name A______ Harry Potter fans. The
spider, Eriovixia gryffindori, just 7 millimeters (0.28 inches) long, was named
as such because its shape reminded its discoverers of the magical "sorting
hat" in the Harry Potter books. (B______, the hat comes to life and
determines C______ at the school for young wizards. It was originally owned by
the wizard Godric Gryffindor.)
Mumbai
researchers discovered the spider in the Kan forest of the Western Ghats, a
mountainous region in southwest India. According to the scientists, the hat
shape helps the spider blend in D______ protect itself from predators.In a
paper published in the Indian Journal of Arachnology, Mumbai researchers
E______ wrote that its name was "an ode from the authors, for magic lost,
and found, in an effort to draw attention to the fascinating, but often overlooked
world of invertebrates, and their secret lives."
"As
a youngster, I was very fond of reading Harry Potter books. So, F______,
Ithought of the magical hat," lead author of the study, Javed Ahmed, told
the Times of India

1. who
discovered the new arachnid
2. when
I encountered this tiny spider
3. with
dried leaves during daylight hours in order to
4. that
are every bit as capable as hunters
5.
that's sure to be a winner with
6.
which house the student should belong to
7. when
placed upon a new Hogwarts student's head

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3
или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The Famous Holiday
On Ice

Holiday
on Ice originated in the United States in 1943, and was the brainchild of Emery
Gilbert of Toledo, Ohio, an engineer and builder who created a portable ice
rink. He took his idea of a traveling show to Morris Chalfen, a Minneapolis
executive, who supplied the financing, and George Tyson, who used his
theatrical background to create the show. Since then over 300 million people
have seen the show and it has become the most popular live entertainment in the
world.
The
shows focus more on music rather than glamour, which has changed from broadway
scores to pop and rock. Novelty acts such as acrobats have been added regularly
to the main production numbers in recent years, and the backstage atmosphere is
an odd mix of gym class and workplace. A curtained-off section at the back of
the arena, called the girls' dressing room, is where the girls have a small
area for their make-up. It would be more accurately described as a corridor,
with beige, cracked walls and cheap temporary tables set up along the length of
it.
By no
stretch of the imagination could anyone call it an interesting place to work,
especially if they saw the rows of dirty blue and brown plastic seating and the
grey and mucky area round the ice-rink. But this is a complete contrast to the
show itself. The lights come from Texas, the audio system from California,
Montreal
supplies the smoke effects and former British Olympic skater Robin Cousins,
MBE, is now creative director for the company.
He has
a simple theory to describe what he wants to do. He wants to give the people
what they want to see, but in a way that they did not expect, leaving them
stunned and amazed. The music is used to stimulate the audience, but more
importantly to inspire the skaters, who have to repeat the show every night.
His aim is to make sure everyone gets to exactly the right place on the ice at
the right time, because the banks of lights in the ceiling are set to those
places, and if the skaters are all half a metre out, they'll be illuminating
empty ice. Finally, he needs to produce something that can be sold in a number
of countries at the same
time.
Professional
ice skating is not very well paid and Cousins had to skate for the show himself
when he stopped competing because he was financially unable to retire. He
learnt the hard way that it was impossible to give championship winning
performances every night, and had to compromise by giving about 75 %
regularly.
So, even though he does what he does to pay the rent, his enthusiasm is
unmistakable. He also makes the point that many of the moves in the show can
never be seen in competition because the rules don't allow them.
So, if
you ever get the chance to see Holiday on Ice, don't miss it, because it's
impossible not to be swept up in the whole thing and you'll have to try pretty
hard not to enjoy it.

3. Who
is the author of the idea of the Holiday on Ice?
1)
Morris Chalfen
2)
George Tyson
3)
Emery Gilbert
4) All
three of them
4. What
is the most important element of the Show?
1)
make-up
2)
dancing
3)
music
4)
backstage atmosphere
5. What
is TRUE about the Show according to paragraph 3?
1) The
employers find their work very interesting.
2) The
creative director of the Show is not American.
3) The
design of the ice-rink is luxurious.
4) The
ice-rink has perfect location.
6.
Which point is NOT mentioned as a part of Robin Cousins’ theory?
1)
Skaters should be motivated.
2)
Music is of great importance.
3) The
audience should be excited.
4) The
ice should be sparkling.
7. Why
did Robin Cousin decide to skate for the show himself?
1) He
became too old to compete but he needed money.
2) He
couldn’t live without skating even after retiring.
3) He
wanted to give shows that are not allowed at the competitions.
4) He
was afraid of losing his skill.
8. What
is the author’s attitude towards Show On Ice?
1)
negative
2)
positive
3)
indifferent
4)
sceptical
9. What
does the phrase “swept up” mean?
1) bored
2) nervous
3) disappointed
4) absorbed
Ответ:

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

The Academy Awards

10. The
Academy Awards, informally known as The Oscars,__________________ a set of
awards given annually for excellence of cinematic achievements. The Oscar
statuette is officially named the Academy Award of Merit and is one of nine
types of Academy Awards. (BE)

11. Organized
and overseen by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), the
awards__________________  each year at a formal ceremony. (GIVE)

12. The
awards firstly__________________in 1929 at a ceremony created for the awards,
at the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood. (GIVE)

13. Over
the years that the award has been given, the categories
presented__________________ ; currently Oscars are given in more than a dozen
categories, and include films of various types. (CHANGE)

14. As
one of the most prominent award ceremonies in the world, the Academy Awards
ceremony__________________ live in more than 100 countries annually.(TELEVISE)

15. While
the Oscar is under the ownership of the recipient, it is essentially not on the
open market. Since 1950, the statuettes__________________ by the requirement
that neither winners nor their heirs may sell the statuettes without first
offering to sell them back to the Academy for US$1. (ENCUMBER)

16. If
a winner__________________ to agree to this stipulation, then the Academy keeps
the statuette. Academy Awards not protected by this agreement have been sold in
public auctions and private deals for six-figure sums. (REFUSE)

Прочитайте
приведённый  ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый  пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Mr. Bean
17. Mr.
Bean is a series of fourteen 25-minute__________________ written by and
starring Rowan Atkinson. (EPISODE)

18. This
British situation comedy television program is based on a
character__________________ developed by Atkinson while he was studying for his
master's degree at Oxford University. (ORIGINAL)

19. The
series features__________________ situations occurring in the life of Mr. Bean.
(FUN)

20. The__________________
was described by Atkinson as "a child in a grown man's body". (LATE)

21. Mr.
Bean tries to solve various problems presented by everyday tasks and often
causes__________________ in the process .(DISRUPT)

22. Bean
rarely speaks, and the largely physical humor of the series is derived from his
interactions with other people and his__________________ solutions to situations.
(USUAL)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти  номера соответствуют заданиям
23-29, в которых представлены  возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

National Tom Sawyer Days

What do
Tom Sawyer and jumping frogs have in 23 ______? Stories about 24 ______ of them
were created by one man: Mark Twain. Born Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain was his 25
______ name). Twain was 4 when his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, located
on the west bank of the Mississippi. Twain grew up there and was fascinated
with life along the river — the steamboats, the giant lumber rafts, and the
people who worked on them.
"The
Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is one of Twain's best-loved
short stories, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of his most famous novels.
Both these works are celebrated by events  26 ______ during National Tom Sawyer
Days every fourth of July. There's also a fence-painting contest to see who can
paint the fastest. The idea for this contest comes from a scene in Tom Sawyer,
in which Tom has been told to paint the fence in front of the house he lives
in. It's a beautiful day, and he would 27 ______ be doing anything else. As his
friends walk by, he convinces them it's fun to paint, and they join 28 ______
the "fun". By the end of the day, the fence has three coats of paint!
29
______ the story of Tom Sawyer is fiction, it's based on fact. If you go to
Hannibal,
you'll see the white fence, which still stands at Twain's boyhood home.

23. 1)
general  2) similar 3) addition 4) common
24. 1)
all 2) both 3) each 4) every
25. 1)
pen 2) imaginary            3) given                   4) first
26. 1)made
2)created 3)held              4)located
27. 1)
better                2) rather 3) prefer              4) like
28. 1)
to              2) on              3) for                4) in
29. 1)
Thus  2) Therefore 3) Furthermore 4) Although
.
Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

It's
more enjoyable to live in a big family.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 11
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Christmas Shopping
2.
Crime at Christmas
3.
Christmas Traditions
4.
Christmas — a Family Celebration
5.
Christmas in Russia
6.
Christmas Dinner
7.
Christmas Weather
8. New
Year’s Celebrations

A.
There are a lot of traditions connected with Christmas but perhaps the most
important one is the giving of presents. Family members wrap up their gifts and
leave them at the bottom of the Christmas tree to be found on Christmas
morning. Children leave a long sock or stocking at the end of their beds on
Christmas Eve, 24th December, hoping that Father Christmas will come down the
chimney during the night and bring them small presents, fruit and nut.

B. At
some time on Christmas day the family will sit down to a big turkey dinner
followed by Christmas pudding or Christmas cake. As for Christmas cake, heavy
and overfilling it is not to everybody’s taste. To make things worse, it takes
weeks to make and when it is ready it can last until Easter, so if you don’t
like it, you have to try and eat some at Christmas to avoid being haunted by it
months after.

C.
Officially Christmas and New Year celebrations run from the 24th of December to
the 2nd of January. However, for many Brits the Christmas marathon starts as
early as the beginning of October with the first festive adverts on TV. The
idea of Christmas shopping is that you spend as much money as you can on
anything you cast your eyes on, preferably something neither you nor your
family or friends will ever use. An average British family spends 670 pounds or
more around the Christmas period.

D. Long
live Christmas! - say pickpockets, car thieves and burglars getting their share
of Christmas shopping. Every year thousands of people get their wallets stolen
in overcrowded shops and streets. Lots of lovely presents, which somebody spent
so much time and money on, disappear without a trace when cars and homes are
broken into. As much as 9% of people experience a burglary in December.

E. Who
doesn’t want to have a white Christmas? Playing snowballs and making a snowman
with the whole family on Christmas Day is most people’s dream (apart from the
countries like Australia that celebrate Christmas in summer, on the beach).
This dream is more likely to come true in northern countries like Russia, but
for the British people it’s different. Although it’s not uncommon to get some
snow in Scotland and northern England, the rest of Britain is normally only
lucky enough to get some frost. In most cases the weather is wet and gloomy.

F. New
year is a time for celebrating and making a new start in life. In Britain many
people make New Year’s resolutions. This involves people promising themselves
that they will improve their behaviour in some way, by giving up bad habits.
People might decide to give up smoking, for example, or to go on a diet. These
promises are often broken in the first few days of the New Year, however!

G.
Christmas is celebrated on the 25th of December. For most families, this is the
most important festival of the year. On this day many people are travelling
home to be with their families. Most houses are decorated with
brightly-coloured paper or holly, and there is usually a Christmas tree in the
corner of the front room. Unfortunately, not all families get on well together.
As it is a well-known fact, some magazines publish tips on how to cope with
Christmas, such as yoga, meditation or holidays abroad.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна
из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

More than
intelligence needed for success in life

Meltwater
is now ponding on the surface of Antarctica's inland ice and in larger and more
numerous ponds on the ice shelves surrounding the continent. This creates
stresses that could break up the ice shelves, A___________________from flowing
more rapidly into the ocean. And models suggest that by the end of
this
century, it will be warmer air -- B___________________  -- that plays the
largest role in driving Antarctica's contributions to sea level rise.
"It
is crucial that we develop a better understanding of the dynamics of Antarctica's
190 feet (58 m) of potential sea level riseC __________________ ," said
Alison Banwell, a CIRES postdoctoral visiting fellow and co-author of an
assessment published this week in Nature Climate Change. "We have gained
some insight from Greenland, where there's much greater surface melting
occurring today, and a whole host of different processes
are at
play. For example, if there's sufficient surface melting on Antarctica's
grounded ice, some of this water could make it to the ice sheet base D___________________
, as it is already doing under much of the Greenland Ice Sheet."
In
their Perspectives piece, Banwell and her colleagues -- from Columbia
University's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and Rowan University --identify
key gaps in scientists' understanding of Antarctica. They discuss the need for
more research on, for example, how snow on the continent compacts into firn,
and then ice; how and whether surface melt may ultimately reach thebase of the
ice sheet; E___________________ and subsurface lakes forming on ice shelves.
Understanding
and being able to predict the occurrence of such processes is crucial for
scientists F____________________ , and the risks posed to coastal dwellers
around the world.

1. from
field teams on the ground
2. which
buttress inland ice
3. and
the possibility of more widespread surface
4.
sitting frozen atop the continent
5. and
affect the ice's flow into the ocean
6. who
want to understand global sea level rise
7. rather than warmer ocean water

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Great Grandad

It was
a funny thing, a surprising thing, that brought Grandad back to me. It was
algebra.
I
collided with algebra in my first year at secondary school, and it sent me
reeling. The very word itself seemed sinister, a word from black magic.
Algebracadabra. Algebra messed up one of those divisions between things that
help you make sense of the world and keep it tidy. Letters make words; figures
make numbers. They had no business getting tangled up together. Those as and bs
and xs and ys with little numbers floating next to their heads, those brackets
and hooks and symbols, all trying to conceal an answer, not give you one. I'd
sit there in my own little darkness watching it dawn on the faces of my
classmates.
Their
hands would go up — “Miss! Miss!” — and mine never did. The homework reduced me
to tears.
“I
don’t see the point of it,” I wailed. “I don’t know what it’s for!”
Grandad,
as it turned out, liked algebra, did know what it was for. But he sat opposite
me and didn’t say anything for a while. Considering my problem in that careful,
expressionless way of his.
Eventually
he said, “Why do you do PE at school?” “What?” “PE. Why do they make you do
it?”
“Because
they hate us?” I suggested.
“And
the other reason?”
“To
keep us fit, I suppose.”
“Physically
fit, yes.” He reached across the table and put the first two fingers of each
hand on the sides of my head.
“There
is also mental fitness, isn’t there?”
I can
explain to you why algebra is useful. But that is not what algebra is really
for.” He moved his fingers gently on my temples. “It’s to keep what is in here
healthy. PE for the head. And the great thing is you can do it sitting down.
Now, let us use these little puzzles here to take our brains for a jog.”
And it
worked. Not that I ever enjoyed algebra. But I did come to see that it was
possible to enjoy it. Grandad taught me that the alien signs and symbols of
algebraic equations were not just marks on paper. They were not flat. There
were three-dimensional, and you could approach them from different directions,
look at them from different angles, stand them on their heads. You could take
them apart and put them together in a variety of shapes, like Lego. I stopped
being afraid of them.
I
didn’t know it at the time, of course, but those homework sessions were a
breakthrough in more ways than one. If Grandad had been living behind an
invisible door, then algebra turned out to be the key that opened it and let me
in.
And
what I found wasn’t the barren tumbleweed landscape that I’d imagined. It was
not like that at all.
I’d
known for a long time that he was fond of puzzles. When I was younger he used
to send me letters with lots of the words replaced by pictures or numbers.
They
always ended 02U, which meant Love to you, because zero was ‘love’ in tennis.
He was often disappointed when I couldn’t work them out. Or couldn’t be
bothered to. Now I discovered that Grandad’s world was full of mirages and
mazes, or mirrors and misleading signs. He was fascinated by riddles and codes
and
conundrums and labyrinths, by the origin of place names, by grammar, by slang,
by jokes — although he never laughed at them — by anything that might mean
something else. He lived in a world that was slippery, changeable, fluid.

3.
Algebra made the girl (narrator) feel
1)
confident
2)
happy
3)
miserable
4)
proud
4. All
her classmates
1) were
eager to answer
2) were
reluctant to answer
3)
hesitated to answer
4) were
slow to answer
5. The
words 'mental fitness' mean
1)
health
2)
intelligence
3)
strength
4)
endurance
6. The
grandfather helped the girl because
1) he
did her homework
2) he
made her work hard
3) he
explained that algebra was useful
4) he
taught her a new approach to the subject
7. When
the narrator says 'the barren tumbleweed landscape', she means
1)  her
grandfather’s inner world
2)  the
wasteland behind their house
3)
their badly kept garden
4)  an
unpleasant view
8. The
grandfather sent his granddaughter letters with puzzles because he wanted her
1) to
be better educated
2) know
something new
3) to
share his interests
4)
understand algebra better
9. The
grandfather was very much interested in
1)
changes
2)
fluids
3)
multiple meanings of things
4) tennis

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

What's next for
smart homes: An 'Internet of Ears?'

10. The
technology of interconnecting commercial, industrial or government buildings,
someday even entire communities,__________________  to as the "Internet of
Things," or IoT. ( REFER)

11. But
a pair of electrical engineering and computer science professors in the Case
School of Engineering__________________  with a new suite of sensors. This
system would read not only the vibrations, sounds -- and even the specific
gait, or other movements -- associated with people and animals in a building,
but also any subtle changes in the existing ambient electrical field. (EXPERIMENT)

12. "We
__________________ to make a building that is able to 'listen' to the humans
inside," said Ming-Chun Huang, an assistant professor in electrical
engineering and computer science. (TRY)

13. "We
are using principles similar to those of the human ear, where
vibrations__________________  up and our algorithms decipher them to determine
your specific movements. That's why we call it the 'Internet of
Ears.'"(PICK)

14. Huang
is leading the research related to human gait and motion tracking, while
Soumyajit Mandal, the T. and A. Schroeder Assistant Professor of Electrical
Engineering and Computer Science,__________________  on vibration sensing and
changes in the existing electrical field caused by the presence of humans or
even pets. (FOCUS)

15. Huang
and Mandal__________________ details of their research in October at the IEEE
Sensors conference in New Delhi, India. (PUBLISH)

16. A
longer version of their results__________________ in the journal IEEE  Transactions
on Instrumentation and Measurement early next year. (APPEAR)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Smarter AI:
Machine learning without negative data

17. Classifying
things is critical for our __________________  lives. (DAY)

18. For
example, we have to detect spam mail, fake political news, as well
as__________________ things such as objects or faces. When using AI, such tasks
are based on "classification technology" in machine learning --
having the computer learn using the boundary separating positive and negative
data. (MANY)

19. The
__________________with this technology is that it requires both positive and
negative data for the learning process, and negative data are not available in
many cases. (DIFFICULT)

20. In
terms of real-life programs, when a retailer is trying to predict who will make
a purchase, it can__________________ find data on customers who purchased from
them (positive data), but it is basically impossible to obtain data on
customers who did not purchase from them (negative data), since they do not
have access to their competitors' data. (EASY)

21. Another
example is a common task for app developers: they need to predict which users
will continue using the app (positive) or stop (negative). However, when a user
unsubscribes, the developers lose the user's data because they have to
completely delete data regarding that user in__________________ with the
privacy policy to protect personal information. (ACCORD)

22. To
see how well the system functioned, they used it on a set of photos that
contains __________________ labels of fashion items. For example, they chose
"T-shirt," as the positive class and one other item, e.g.,
"sandal," as the negative class. (VARY)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 23-29,
в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или
4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

То the North of London

The
Aldenham Country Park is a large and pleasant area easily reached if you are
travelling north out of London. It is worth visiting if you want a quick breath
of fresh air and a reasonably attractive place for a brief picnic.
The
most important point of the park is Aldenham Reservoir. It was built in 1796 to
(23) _______ water level in the river (24) _______ by the newly constructed
Grand Union Canal, and more recently has been used as a reserve public water
supply. Not far from there lies a busy town of Watford which can be recommended
for a brief visit. And in any (25) _______ much more interesting stretches of
the canal are met further north.
And if
you make your way through the town you can visit the Watford Museum in the High
Street which has materials on printing and paper-making on (26) _______ .
The
picture gallery has changing exhibitions of works by artists who lived or
painted in the area. Another attraction of the neighbourhood is a fascinating
complex of Roman buildings, the (27)_______ of a great city, once the third
largest centre of Roman Britain. The private houses were impressive, many of
them furnished with mosaic floors. The beauty of the mosaics can hardly be
described on paper, and it is best by standing and looking for (28 _______
awhile. The other principal Roman site to be visited is a long stretch of the
city wall which (29) _______ back to the 3rd century.

23.1)
remain 2) support            3)  hold             4) maintain
24.1)
confused 2) affected 3) bothered         4) disturbed
25.1) condition
2) situation 3) circumstance 4)  case
26.1)
presentation 2) display 3) demonstration 4) exhibition
27.1)
remains 2) wastes 3) wreckage 4) reminders
28.1)
praised 2)  approved 3) appreciated         4) regarded
29.1) dates
2) returns 3) follows 4) comes

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

In any
occupation discipline is more important than talent.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 12
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Different Meanings of the Same Words.
2. Proof
Positive — Extra.
3.
Complicated Problems.
4. No
definite Conclusions.
5.
Incomprehensible Notions.
6. A
way of Socializing.
7.
Roots in History.
8. The
Setting of the Book

A. The
novel covers an eventful period in American history and many of the characters
are touched by national and international events. The issue of slavery split
the country, and between 1861 and 1865 the northern and southern states were
engaged in a bloody civil war. After the war ended, the country recovered and
there was a period of rapid economic growth. Settlers moved west to buildnew
farms and adopted new mechanical methods of farming. The railroads expanded and
opened up new production areas and markets. The United States soon became the
world’s leading agricultural producer.

B. From
the landing at Plymouth Rock to today, educators and community members have
debated over the best way that government should fulfill its responsibility to
educate citizens. Underlying these debates are three central questions: What is
the purpose of a public education? Who is to receive the educational services
provided by the public? And, how does government ensure the quality of these
educational services? In various forms, these questions lay beneath all
educational changes and reform measures in American history.

C. In
Europe during the Middle Ages and much of the Early Modern period, the main
purpose of schools (as opposed to universities) was to teach the Latin
language. This led to the term grammar school, which in the United States informally
refers to a primary school, but in the United Kingdom means a school that
selects entrants based on ability or aptitude. Following this, the school
curriculum has gradually broadened to include literacy in the vernacular
language as well as technical, artistic, scientific and practical subjects.

D. A
large number of people depend directly or indirectly on the tobacco business.
Small shops receive a large part of their income from the sale of cigarettes,
and may be forced to close if cigarettes are made illegal. There are also many
others who depend on this market. Tobacco is largely grown in warm countries,
with undeveloped economies. A complete ban on cigarettes would force farmers to
change the crops that they grow, and this is not something that can be carried
out quickly. Poor farmers may not be able to feed their families without the
income from tobacco.

E. The
number of people suffering from respiratory illness in the countryside was
significantly lower in the past than it is today. This supported by Michael J.
Brown’s empirical research and by the statistics collected by the Bureau of
Information over a 50-year period. It is, however, impossible to identify a
direct relation of cause and effect between the increased use of pesticides and
the rise in the number of breathing problems, as so many other factors in
people’s lifestyle have also changed.

F. The
coffee served in the coffee houses wasn’t necessarily very good coffee. Because
of the way coffee was taxed in Britain, the practice was to brew it in large
batches, store it cold in barrels and reheat it a little at a time for serving.
So coffee’s appeal in Britain was less to do with its being a quality beverage
than a social lubricant. People went to coffee houses to meet people of shared
interests, to gossip, read the latest journals and newspapers — a brand-new
word and concept in the 1660s — and exchange information of value to their
lives and business.

G.
Christianity was always curiously ill at ease with cleanliness, and early on
developed an odd tradition of equating holiness with dirtiness. When St. Thomas
a Becket died in 1170, those who laid him out noted approvingly that his
undergarments were ‘seething with lice’. Throughout the medieval period, an
almost sure-fire way to earn lasting honour was to take a vow not to wash. Many
people walked from England to the Holy Land, but when a monk named Godric did
it without getting wet even once he became, all but inevitably, St. Godric.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

Time for a second vote?

Theresa
May this week strongly rejected the idea A___________________. Calls for such a
vote have been growing among MPs, who claim it’s the only way
B___________________. But May, who last week survived a Tory leadership
challenge, insisted that another plebiscite would do “irreparable damage to the
integrity of our politics”. While the Government was this week stepping up
preparations for a no deal, a defiant May insisted C__________________ for her
Brexit deal. Last week, she postponed a Commons vote on that deal for fear she
might lose it: she now says D___________________  in the week beginning 14
January. Earlier in the week, May had travelled to an EU summit in Brussels
E___________________ that might help her sell her deal to her party. However,
EU leaders declined to oblige and May had a heated exchange with Jean-Claude
Juncker, the European Commission president, F____________________ ."

1. in
the hopes of securing fresh concessions
2. of
holding a second Brexit referendum
3.
she’ll put it to the House
4.
after he reportedly called her demands “nebulous”
5. of
breaking the parliamentary deadlock
6.
thereby risking an accidental no-deal outcome
7. that
she remained committed to winning support

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

How it all began

The
Salinas Valley is long and narrow, and it lies between two mountain ranges in
Northern California. The Salinas River twists and turns through the center
until it falls at last into Monterey Bay. I remember the Gabilan Mountains to
the east of the valley. They were light and sunny and lovely, and they invited
you to climb into their warm foothills. The Santa Lucias stood darkly against
the sky to the west, and they were unfriendly and dangerous. I always loved the
East and feared the West, but I don’t know why. Maybe it was because the
morning came over the peaks of the Gabilans, and the night approached from the
Santa Lucias.
The
floor of the Salinas Valley was wide and flat. After a rainy winter, the valley
was carpeted with spring flowers of all colours: bright blue and white, burning
orange, red, and mustard yellow. In the shade of the oak trees, green plants
grew and gave a good smell. In June the grasses on the hills turned gold and
yellow and red. The soil in the valley was deep and rich, but in the foothills
it was poor and thin.
There
were good years, when the rainfall was plentiful, but there were also very bad
years. The water came in a thirty-year cycle. There would be five or six wet,
wonderful years followed by six or seven good years. Then came the dry years
when the earth dried and cracked and the streams stopped. The grass was scarce,
the cattle grew thin, and a hot, dry wind blew dust down the valley. Then the
farmers and the ranchers hated the Salinas Valley. Some families would sell out
for nearly nothing and move away. During the dry years, the people forgot about
the rich years, and when the wet years returned, they lost all memory of the
dry years. It was always that way.
The
first people who lived in the Salinas Valley were the Indians. They lived on
insects, nuts, and shellfish. Then came the soldiers and priests sent by the
King of Spain. They explored the land greedily for gold and souls. They made
maps and named everything they saw. Buena Vista was a beautiful view, Laguna
Seca was a dry lake, and Salinas was white like salt.
After
that came the Americans, even greedier because there were more of them. They
occupied the valley land first, then moved into the foothills. Soon there were
wooden farmhouses and growing families wherever there was water. The farmers
planted square fields of corn and wheat, and long lines of trees to protect the
topsoil from the wind. The trails between the farms became roads. Stores and
workshops opened along the roads, and little towns grew up around them
—Bradley, King City, Greenfield. And this is the way the Salinas Valley was
when my grandfather brought his wife and settled in the foothills east of King
City. I must depend on stories, old photographs, and memories to tell you the
story of the Hamiltons. Young Samuel Hamilton and his wife came from the north
of Ireland in around 1870. He was the son of small farmers, not rich but not
poor. They were well-educated and well-read, and they were related to great
families as well as humble ones.
I do
not know why Samuel left that green land. He was not a political man, so he
surely was not a rebel. He was perfectly honest, so it was not the police. In
my family, they whispered that he loved a woman who was not his wife.

3. The
Santa Lucias were dangerous because...
1)
robbers were hiding there.
2)
earthquakes were frequent.
3) they
were in the west.
4) a
lot of mountaineers had found their death there.
4. The
farmers and the ranchers hated the Salinas Valley...
1) when
it rained a lot.
2) when
the dry years came.
3) when
the wind was too strong.
4) when
it was too hot.
5. The
Spanish priests were sent to the place by their king...
1) to
find gold.
2)
collect insects, nuts, and shellfish.
3)
admire the beautiful views.
4) to
spread Christianity.
6. The
Americans came because...
1) they
needed land for farming.
2) they
wanted to build roads.
3) they
wanted to protect the topsoil from the wind.
4) they
had growing families.
7. The
narrator must depend on stories, old photographs, and memories because...
1)  he
would not be able to tell his story without them.
2)  no
story could be told without them.
3)  he
liked them a lot.
4)  his
grandfather had told him to use them.
8. The
Hamiltons came to the Salinas Valley...
1) to
escape from the British police
2) to
leave the hardships behind
3) for
no obvious reasons
4) to
forget the troubles he had in Ireland
9.  ‘Green
land’ here means...
1)
Ireland.
2) The
Salinas Valley.
3)
fields of grass.
4) the
foothills.

Part 2. Grammar and
vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они грамматически
соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.
Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 10-16.

New insight makes
CRISPR easier to use

10. A
STORM of criticism met claims last month that a Chinese
scientist__________________  the world’s first genome-edited children.(CREATE)

11. One
reason is that the twin girls have unpredicted new mutations with unknown
effects. It now__________________ there is an easy way to ensure the CRISPR
genome editing technique makes far more precise, predictable genetic mutations.
(APPEAR)

12. The
term “CRISPR genome editing” is a bit of a misnomer. The
method__________________ to disable genes by introducing mutations in a
specific site – adding or removing one or more DNA letters. (USE)

13. Paola
Scaffidi of the Francis Crick Institute in London__________________these
mutations might not be fully random. (SUSPECT)

14. To
find out, her team used the CRISPR technique to mutate 1500genome sites in
human cells growing in a dish, and__________________  a simple pattern.(FIND)

15. If
the fourth DNA letter from the end is a G, the resulting mutation is indeed
relatively random. But if it is an A, T or C the outcome is more predictable.
For instance, if it is aT,in9outof 10cells a single extra T__________________
at the target site. (INSERT)

16. If
confirmed, the result means that the thousands of biologists around the
world__________________  CRISPR for research can make it far more precise and
powerful simply by altering where the protein binds (USE)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Deciding what to
learn

17. Every
year I promise myself that next year, my Christmas shopping will be
__________________; every year I fail. (GOOD)

18. In
my mind’s eye, I imagine myself walking from charming local store to charming
local store, buying __________________, wholesome presents for my friends and
family.( THOUGHT)

19. In
practice, without fail, three-quarters of them come from Amazon, trailing an
odour of tax __________________ and dystopian “fulfilment centres”.(AVOID)

20. And
if it’s not Amazon, it’s probably worse. Late last night I found myself on the
website of Sports Direct, whose Derbyshire warehouse is known
__________________ as “the gulag”, buying my nephew the snood he wanted –a
face-covering that looked as if it was designed for football violence or armed
robbery. (LOCAL)

21. Has
Christmas become slightly more __________________  recently? I suppose it’s
just that, since we consume more during the retail solstice, it has been
heavily affected by the modern tendency to look into the ethical consequences
of consumer behaviour. (DISQUIET)

22. This
is, no doubt, something that we need to do: see plastic pollution, etc. But it
becomes pretty lowering, if taken too far. Many Christmas trees, I read this
week, are grown on shrinking moorlands and slathered in insecticides. So I
would like to propose a new __________________ tradition: a ban on thinking
about all that stuff too much, for a week or so around the 25th. I hope this
helps you enjoy your Christmas. (SEASON)

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29.
Эти
номера соответствуют заданиям 23-29, в которых представлены возможные варианты
ответов. Запишите
цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Memories

Scientists
have planted (23) _______ memories into people's minds in a study that
demonstrates just how easy it is for police to convince people they have (24)
_______ something that did not actually happen.
More
than a third of people are susceptible to false memories, according (25)
_______ studies by professor of psychology at the University of California. Her
experiments could (26) _______ why so many people in
Washington
DC said they saw a white van near to the scene of last year's sniper shootings.
In fact, the snipers used a dark car and no white van was involved.
Where
did that white van come from? It came from the fact that someone talked to the
media and suddenly the whole country is looking for a white van that perhaps
did not exist,' she said.
In one
study, professor implanted a false memory in the minds of volunteers who had
visited Disneyland as children. 'We have tried to come (27) _______ with ways
of planting memories that could not have happened. We try to (28) _______
people believe that when they went to Disneyland they managed to (29) _______
hands with Bugs Bunny. Bugs could never have been at Disneyland because he is a
Warner Bros character. Yet we've found a way of getting 36 per cent of our
subjects to tell us they shook hands with Bugs.'

23.
1) poor           2) bad                  3)  false            4) artificial
24.
1) participated          2) saw 3) experienced           4) witnessed
25.
1) with                       2)  of             3) the
4)  to
26.
1) foresee                  2) explain 3) tell                      4) predict
27.
1) up                            2) over           3) In
4) out
28.
1)  force           2)  make 3) have                 4) let
29.
1) reach            2) touch 3)  shake                4) move

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

A
person can have only 1 true friend.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 12
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Different Meanings of the Same Words.
2.
Proof Positive — Extra.
3.
Complicated Problems.
4. No
definite Conclusions.
5.
Incomprehensible Notions.
6. A
way of Socializing.
7.
Roots in History.
8. The
Setting of the Book

A. The
novel covers an eventful period in American history and many of the characters
are touched by national and international events. The issue of slavery split
the country, and between 1861 and 1865 the northern and southern states were
engaged in a bloody civil war. After the war ended, the country recovered and
there was a period of rapid economic growth. Settlers moved west to buildnew
farms and adopted new mechanical methods of farming. The railroads expanded and
opened up new production areas and markets. The United States soon became the
world’s leading agricultural producer.

B. From
the landing at Plymouth Rock to today, educators and community members have
debated over the best way that government should fulfill its responsibility to
educate citizens. Underlying these debates are three central questions: What is
the purpose of a public education? Who is to receive the educational services
provided by the public? And, how does government ensure the quality of these
educational services? In various forms, these questions lay beneath all
educational changes and reform measures in American history.

C. In
Europe during the Middle Ages and much of the Early Modern period, the main
purpose of schools (as opposed to universities) was to teach the Latin language.
This led to the term grammar school, which in the United States informally
refers to a primary school, but in the United Kingdom means a school that
selects entrants based on ability or aptitude. Following this, the school
curriculum has gradually broadened to include literacy in the vernacular
language as well as technical, artistic, scientific and practical subjects.

D. A
large number of people depend directly or indirectly on the tobacco business.
Small shops receive a large part of their income from the sale of cigarettes,
and may be forced to close if cigarettes are made illegal. There are also many
others who depend on this market. Tobacco is largely grown in warm countries,
with undeveloped economies. A complete ban on cigarettes would force farmers to
change the crops that they grow, and this is not something that can be carried
out quickly. Poor farmers may not be able to feed their families without the
income from tobacco.

E. The
number of people suffering from respiratory illness in the countryside was
significantly lower in the past than it is today. This supported by Michael J.
Brown’s empirical research and by the statistics collected by the Bureau of
Information over a 50-year period. It is, however, impossible to identify a
direct relation of cause and effect between the increased use of pesticides and
the rise in the number of breathing problems, as so many other factors in
people’s lifestyle have also changed.

F. The
coffee served in the coffee houses wasn’t necessarily very good coffee. Because
of the way coffee was taxed in Britain, the practice was to brew it in large
batches, store it cold in barrels and reheat it a little at a time for serving.
So coffee’s appeal in Britain was less to do with its being a quality beverage
than a social lubricant. People went to coffee houses to meet people of shared
interests, to gossip, read the latest journals and newspapers — a brand-new
word and concept in the 1660s — and exchange information of value to their
lives and business.

G.
Christianity was always curiously ill at ease with cleanliness, and early on
developed an odd tradition of equating holiness with dirtiness. When St. Thomas
a Becket died in 1170, those who laid him out noted approvingly that his
undergarments were ‘seething with lice’. Throughout the medieval period, an
almost sure-fire way to earn lasting honour was to take a vow not to wash. Many
people walked from England to the Holy Land, but when a monk named Godric did
it without getting wet even once he became, all but inevitably, St. Godric.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

Time for a second vote?

Theresa
May this week strongly rejected the idea A___________________. Calls for such a
vote have been growing among MPs, who claim it’s the only way
B___________________. But May, who last week survived a Tory leadership
challenge, insisted that another plebiscite would do “irreparable damage to the
integrity of our politics”. While the Government was this week stepping up
preparations for a no deal, a defiant May insisted C__________________ for her
Brexit deal. Last week, she postponed a Commons vote on that deal for fear she
might lose it: she now says D___________________  in the week beginning 14
January. Earlier in the week, May had travelled to an EU summit in Brussels
E___________________ that might help her sell her deal to her party. However,
EU leaders declined to oblige and May had a heated exchange with Jean-Claude
Juncker, the European Commission president, F____________________ ."

1. in
the hopes of securing fresh concessions
2. of
holding a second Brexit referendum
3.
she’ll put it to the House
4.
after he reportedly called her demands “nebulous”
5. of
breaking the parliamentary deadlock
6.
thereby risking an accidental no-deal outcome
7. that
she remained committed to winning support

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

How it all began

The
Salinas Valley is long and narrow, and it lies between two mountain ranges in
Northern California. The Salinas River twists and turns through the center
until it falls at last into Monterey Bay. I remember the Gabilan Mountains to
the east of the valley. They were light and sunny and lovely, and they invited
you to climb into their warm foothills. The Santa Lucias stood darkly against
the sky to the west, and they were unfriendly and dangerous. I always loved the
East and feared the West, but I don’t know why. Maybe it was because the
morning came over the peaks of the Gabilans, and the night approached from the
Santa Lucias.
The
floor of the Salinas Valley was wide and flat. After a rainy winter, the valley
was carpeted with spring flowers of all colours: bright blue and white, burning
orange, red, and mustard yellow. In the shade of the oak trees, green plants
grew and gave a good smell. In June the grasses on the hills turned gold and
yellow and red. The soil in the valley was deep and rich, but in the foothills
it was poor and thin.
There
were good years, when the rainfall was plentiful, but there were also very bad
years. The water came in a thirty-year cycle. There would be five or six wet,
wonderful years followed by six or seven good years. Then came the dry years
when the earth dried and cracked and the streams stopped. The grass was scarce,
the cattle grew thin, and a hot, dry wind blew dust down the valley. Then the
farmers and the ranchers hated the Salinas Valley. Some families would sell out
for nearly nothing and move away. During the dry years, the people forgot about
the rich years, and when the wet years returned, they lost all memory of the
dry years. It was always that way.
The
first people who lived in the Salinas Valley were the Indians. They lived on
insects, nuts, and shellfish. Then came the soldiers and priests sent by the
King of Spain. They explored the land greedily for gold and souls. They made
maps and named everything they saw. Buena Vista was a beautiful view, Laguna
Seca was a dry lake, and Salinas was white like salt.
After
that came the Americans, even greedier because there were more of them. They
occupied the valley land first, then moved into the foothills. Soon there were
wooden farmhouses and growing families wherever there was water. The farmers
planted square fields of corn and wheat, and long lines of trees to protect the
topsoil from the wind. The trails between the farms became roads. Stores and
workshops opened along the roads, and little towns grew up around them
—Bradley, King City, Greenfield. And this is the way the Salinas Valley was
when my grandfather brought his wife and settled in the foothills east of King
City. I must depend on stories, old photographs, and memories to tell you the
story of the Hamiltons. Young Samuel Hamilton and his wife came from the north
of Ireland in around 1870. He was the son of small farmers, not rich but not
poor. They were well-educated and well-read, and they were related to great
families as well as humble ones.
I do
not know why Samuel left that green land. He was not a political man, so he
surely was not a rebel. He was perfectly honest, so it was not the police. In
my family, they whispered that he loved a woman who was not his wife.

3. The
Santa Lucias were dangerous because...
1)
robbers were hiding there.
2)
earthquakes were frequent.
3) they
were in the west.
4) a
lot of mountaineers had found their death there.
4. The
farmers and the ranchers hated the Salinas Valley...
1) when
it rained a lot.
2) when
the dry years came.
3) when
the wind was too strong.
4) when
it was too hot.
5. The
Spanish priests were sent to the place by their king...
1) to
find gold.
2)
collect insects, nuts, and shellfish.
3)
admire the beautiful views.
4) to
spread Christianity.
6. The
Americans came because...
1) they
needed land for farming.
2) they
wanted to build roads.
3) they
wanted to protect the topsoil from the wind.
4) they
had growing families.
7. The
narrator must depend on stories, old photographs, and memories because...
1)  he
would not be able to tell his story without them.
2)  no
story could be told without them.
3)  he
liked them a lot.
4)  his
grandfather had told him to use them.
8. The
Hamiltons came to the Salinas Valley...
1) to
escape from the British police
2) to
leave the hardships behind
3) for
no obvious reasons
4) to
forget the troubles he had in Ireland
9.  ‘Green
land’ here means...
1)
Ireland.
2) The
Salinas Valley.
3)
fields of grass.
4) the
foothills.

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

New insight makes
CRISPR easier to use

10. A
STORM of criticism met claims last month that a Chinese
scientist__________________  the world’s first genome-edited children.(CREATE)

11. One
reason is that the twin girls have unpredicted new mutations with unknown
effects. It now__________________ there is an easy way to ensure the CRISPR
genome editing technique makes far more precise, predictable genetic mutations.
(APPEAR)

12. The
term “CRISPR genome editing” is a bit of a misnomer. The
method__________________ to disable genes by introducing mutations in a
specific site – adding or removing one or more DNA letters. (USE)

13. Paola
Scaffidi of the Francis Crick Institute in London__________________these
mutations might not be fully random. (SUSPECT)

14. To
find out, her team used the CRISPR technique to mutate 1500genome sites in
human cells growing in a dish, and__________________  a simple pattern.(FIND)

15. If
the fourth DNA letter from the end is a G, the resulting mutation is indeed
relatively random. But if it is an A, T or C the outcome is more predictable.
For instance, if it is aT,in9outof 10cells a single extra T__________________
at the target site. (INSERT)

16. If
confirmed, the result means that the thousands of biologists around the
world__________________  CRISPR for research can make it far more precise and
powerful simply by altering where the protein binds (USE)

Прочитайте
приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Deciding what to
learn

17. Every
year I promise myself that next year, my Christmas shopping will be
__________________; every year I fail. (GOOD)

18. In
my mind’s eye, I imagine myself walking from charming local store to charming
local store, buying __________________, wholesome presents for my friends and
family.( THOUGHT)

19. In
practice, without fail, three-quarters of them come from Amazon, trailing an
odour of tax __________________ and dystopian “fulfilment centres”.(AVOID)

20. And
if it’s not Amazon, it’s probably worse. Late last night I found myself on the
website of Sports Direct, whose Derbyshire warehouse is known
__________________ as “the gulag”, buying my nephew the snood he wanted –a
face-covering that looked as if it was designed for football violence or armed
robbery. (LOCAL)

21. Has
Christmas become slightly more __________________  recently? I suppose it’s
just that, since we consume more during the retail solstice, it has been
heavily affected by the modern tendency to look into the ethical consequences
of consumer behaviour. (DISQUIET)

22. This
is, no doubt, something that we need to do: see plastic pollution, etc. But it
becomes pretty lowering, if taken too far. Many Christmas trees, I read this
week, are grown on shrinking moorlands and slathered in insecticides. So I
would like to propose a new __________________ tradition: a ban on thinking
about all that stuff too much, for a week or so around the 25th. I hope this
helps you enjoy your Christmas. (SEASON)

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29.
Эти
номера соответствуют заданиям 23-29, в которых представлены возможные варианты
ответов. Запишите
цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Memories

Scientists
have planted (23) _______ memories into people's minds in a study that
demonstrates just how easy it is for police to convince people they have (24)
_______ something that did not actually happen.
More
than a third of people are susceptible to false memories, according (25)
_______ studies by professor of psychology at the University of California. Her
experiments could (26) _______ why so many people in
Washington
DC said they saw a white van near to the scene of last year's sniper shootings.
In fact, the snipers used a dark car and no white van was involved.
Where
did that white van come from? It came from the fact that someone talked to the
media and suddenly the whole country is looking for a white van that perhaps
did not exist,' she said.
In one
study, professor implanted a false memory in the minds of volunteers who had
visited Disneyland as children. 'We have tried to come (27) _______ with ways
of planting memories that could not have happened. We try to (28) _______
people believe that when they went to Disneyland they managed to (29) _______
hands with Bugs Bunny. Bugs could never have been at Disneyland because he is a
Warner Bros character. Yet we've found a way of getting 36 per cent of our
subjects to tell us they shook hands with Bugs.'

23.
1) poor           2) bad                  3)  false            4) artificial
24.
1) participated          2) saw 3) experienced           4) witnessed
25.
1) with                       2)  of             3) the
4)  to
26.
1) foresee                  2) explain 3) tell                      4) predict
27.
1) up                            2) over           3) In
4) out
28.
1)  force           2)  make 3) have                 4) let
29.
1) reach            2) touch 3)  shake                4) move

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

A
person can have only 1 true friend.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.
Variant 13
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие  между  текстами  A–G  и  заголовками  1–8. Используйте каждую
цифру только один раз.  В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Confusing Hypotheses.
2.
Alive and Kicking.
3. In
line with Expectations.
4. Life
Is Full of Disappointment.
5.
Gains in Democracy.
6. Good
Things and Bad Things Together.
7. What
It Is Like.
8.
Cordial Acknowledgements.

A.
Goodness knows how many inky embarrassments may lurk in these pages yet, but it
is thanks to Dr Wiseman and all of those whom I am about to mention that there
aren’t many hundreds more. I cannot begin to thank adequately those who helped
me in the preparation of this book. I am especially indebted to the following,
who were uniformly generous and kindly and showed the most heroic reserves of
patience in answering one simple, endlessly repeated question: ‘I’m sorry, but
can you explain that again?

B. It
may be that our universe is merely part of many larger universes, some in
different dimensions, and the Big Bangs are going on all the time all over the
place. Or it may be that space and time had some other forms altogether before
the Big Bang — forms too alien for us to imagine — and that the Big Bang
represents some sort of transition phase, where the universe went from a form
we can’t understand to one we almost can.

C. This
is a very popular Japanese form of poetry. It is brief, related to the
season/nature, expresses a sense of awe or insight, written using concrete
sense images and not abstractions, in the present tense. It is often written as
three lines, of seventeen syllables arranged in a sequence 5, 7, 5, though not
necessarily. A verbal snapshot,
capturing
the essence of a moment/scene. Some haiku are only a line or two. The idea is
to capture a moment.

D. In
April 1737, at age 52, Handel apparently suffered a stroke which disabled the
use of four fingers on his right hand, preventing him from performing. In
summer the disorder seemed at times to affect his understanding. Nobody
expected that Handel would ever be able to perform again. But whether the
affliction was rheumatism, a stroke or a nervous breakdown, he recovered
remarkably quickly. To aid his recovery,
Handel
had travelled to Aachen, a spa in Germany. During six weeks he took long hot
baths, and ended up playing the organ for a surprised audience.
E. When
you sit down to dinner in a town house, your expectations will probably be
governed by what you see around you. If you are in a small wooden building,
dining in a small, poorly lit hall and being attended by your host’s wife, then
your fare will probably be less tasty than a yeoman’s meal. If your host is an
important merchant, on the other hand, and you are being entertained in the
well-lit hall of a large house, then you can expect food far richer and more
varied than the peasant could dream of offering.

F.
Anyone who is an American citizen, at least 18 years of age, and is registered
to vote may vote. Each state has the right to determine registration
procedures. A number of civic groups, such as the League of Women Voters, are
actively trying to get more people involved in the electoral process and have
drives to register as many people as possible. Voter registration and voting
among minorities has dramatically increased
during
the last thirty years, especially as a result of the Civil Rights Movement.

G. The
Games have grown in scale to the point that nearly every nation is represented.
Such growth has created numerous challenges, including boycotts, doping,
bribery of officials, and terrorism. Every two years, the Olympics and its
media exposure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national, and
in particular cases, international fame. The Games also constitute a major
opportunity for the host city and country to showcase itself to the world.

2. Прочитайте
текст  и  заполните  пропуски  A–F  частями предложений, обозначенными
цифрами  1–7.  Одна  из  частей  в  списке 1–7 лишняя.

British admission
procedures

Students
are admitted to British Universities largely on the basis of their performance
in the examinations for the General Certificate of Education  A__.  The
selection procedures rather complicated. A student who wants to go to
university applies for admission before he takes his advanced level
examinations. First of all he must write to the Universities Central on
Admissions and they send him a form which he has to complete. On this form he
has to write down the names of six universities in order preference. He may put
down only two or three names stating that B__ he could be willing to go to any
other. This form together with an account  C___  and two references, one of
which must be from the headteacher of his school is then sent back to the UCCA.
The UCCA sends photocopies D__ concerned. Each applicant is first considered by
the university admission board. In some cases the board sends the applicant
refusal. This may happen for example if the board receives a form in which
their university admission officer passes the candidate`s papers on
E___concerned. One or two members of his department will then look at the
candidate`s application: see what he says about himself, look at his marks at
the ordinary level examinations, see what his head teacher and other referee
say about him. F__, the department may make the candidate an offer or send him
a definite rejection. As a rule the department makes a conditional offer. This
means that the candidate will be accepted by the university if he fulfills the
requirements stated in the offer.

1.  of
his out-of-school activities
2.  at
ordinary and advanced level
3.
concerning university classes
4.   of
the form to the universities
5.   on
the basis of this
6.   if
not accepted by these universities
7.   to the academic department

 3. Прочитайте
текст  и  выполните  задания.  В  каждом  задании запишите цифру  1, 2, 3  или
4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Anne meets her
class

The
children fixed their eyes upon Anne. Anne gazed back, feeling helpless.
"Now,
children," began Miss Enderby firmly, "you are very, very lucky this
term1to have Miss Lacey for your new teacher."
Anne
gave a watery smile. The children's faces were unmoved.
"Miss
Lacey," repeated Miss Enderby with emphasis. "Can you say that?"

"Miss
Lacey," chorused the class obediently.
"Perhaps
you could say 'Good morning' to your new teacher?" suggested Miss Enderby
in an imperative tone.
"Good
morning. Miss Lacey," came the polite chorus.
"Good
morning, children," responded Anne in a voice which bore no resemblance to
her own.
Miss
Enderby motioned to the children to take their seats. "I should give out
paper and coloured pencils," said Miss Enderby, "as soon as you've
called the register2. Keep them busy while you're finding your way about the
cupboards and so on."
She
gave a swift look round the class. "I expect you to help Miss Lacey in
every way," said the headmistress. "D'you hear me, Arnold?"
The
little boy addressed, who had been crossing and uncrossing his eyes in an ugly
manner for the enjoyment of his neighbours, looked suitably crest-fallen.
 "If
I were you, I should keep an eye on that boy," murmured Miss Enderby.
"Broken home — brother in Borstal — and some rather dreadful habits!"
 Anne
looked with fresh interest at Arnold and thought he looked quite different from
what Miss Enderby said about him. Far too innocent and apple-cheeked to have
such a record. But even as she looked, she saw his pink face express his scorn
of Miss Enderby who was giving her final messages to the new teacher.
"Break
at ten forty-five, dear," said the headmistress. "Come straight to
the staff room. I will wait there till you join us. I will introduce you to
those you didn't meet on your first visit. How do you like the idea of having a
cup of tea then? We need rest after all. If there's anything that puzzles you,
I shall be in my room. You can depend on me. Just send a message by one of the
children."
She
made her way to the door and waited before it, eyebrows raised as she turned
her gaze upon the children. They gazed back in some bewilderment.
"Is
no one going to remember his manners?" asked Miss Enderby.
With a
nervous start Anne hastened forward to the door, but was waved back by a
movement of her headmistress's hand. A dozen or more children made a rush to
open the door. A freckled girl with two skinny red plaits was the first to drag
open the door.
She was
rewarded by a smile. "Thank you, dear, thank you," said Miss Enderby
and sailed majestically into the
corridor.
There came a faint sigh of relief as the door closed behind her, and the forty-
six
tongues which had so far kept unnaturally silent began to wag cheerfully. Anne
watched
this change with some dismay. She remembered with sudden relief some
advice
given her at college in just such a situation.
"Stand
quite still, be quite calm, and gradually the children will become conscious
that you are waiting. Never, never attempt to shout them down."
So Anne
stood her ground waiting for the chattering to subside. But the noise grew
in
volume as conversations became more animated. One or two children ran across
the
room to see their distant friends. Two little boys attacked each other. A child
with
birthday
cards was displaying their beauties to an admiring crowd round her desk.
Arnold
had removed his blue pullover and was attempting to pull his shirt over his
head,
in order to show his friends a scar on his shoulder-blade.
'Amidst
growing chaos Anne remained silent. She looked at the clock which jerked from
one minute to the next and decided to let it leap once more before she
abandoned hope.
One
crumb of comfort, if comfort it could be called, remained with her. This was an
outburst of natural high spirits. Her presence, she noted, meant nothing at all
to them.
A chair
fell over, someone yelped with pain, there was a burst of laughter, and Anne
saw the clock jump to another minute. Anne advanced into action.
"To
your desks!" she roared, "And quickly!" With a pleasurable shock
she saw her words obeyed. Within a minute order had returned. Refreshed by the
break the children turned attentive eyes upon her. Anne's self-esteem crept
back.
  (From
"Fresh from the Country" by Miss Reed)

3.
Anne was introduced to her class as a teacher who was
1)
shallow-minded
2)
very experienced
3)  shy
and  indecisive
4)
respected
4."Swift"
look here means
1)
quick
2)
weary
3)
piercing
4)
thorough
5.
Anne looked at Arnold with fresh interest because
1)  he
was funny and naughty
2)  she
liked his apple-cheeked face
3)  he
differed from other pupils
4)  he
was far away from what he was described
6. Miss
Lacey and Miss Enderby were
1)
good friends
2)
colleagues
3)
enemies
4)
relatives
7. Anne
didn't want to shout the children down at first because
1)  she
was afraid of them
2)  she
shuddered to think that she could hurt them
3)  she
was taught to be calm with children
4)  she
was unconfident in her abilities
8. When
Miss Enderby left the class, children's behavior showed
1)
some bewilderment
2)
naughtiness
3)
concern about the new teacher
4)
fear of the new teacher
9. In
the end of the story Anne's self-esteem crept back because
1)
children obeyed her
2)
children were refreshed by the break
3)
there was a burst of laughter
4) she
noticed that she meant nothing to children

Part  2. Grammar and vocabulary

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напечатанные  заглавными  буквами  в  конце  строк,  обозначенных номерами
10-22,  так,  чтобы  они  грамматически  соответствовали содержанию текстов.
Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый  пропуск соответствует
отдельному заданию из группы

What is Sanscrit?

10.
Sanskrit is one of the oldest known Indic languages, with examples of Vedic
Sanskrit dating back to approximately 1500 BCE and possibly even earlier eras
which are difficult to determine because the language
___
long before it was written.     SPEAK

11. The
word “Sanskrit” __in several different ways, as “complete,” “perfect,” or
“pulled together.” The origins of this language appear to lie in vulgar
dialects which were organized and codified, first into Vedic Sanskrit and later
into a more modern form around 500 BCE.     TRANSLATE

12.
Several Indian languages including Bengali and Hindi are descended from
Sanskrit, and while the language is not widely spoken in India today, there ___some
movements to revive spoken forms, and the influences of this language can be
seen on many levels of Indian culture and across Southeast Asia. What is
Rigveda?
BE

13. The
Rigveda is an ancient Sanskrit text which ___sacred to followers of the Hindu
religion.  CONSIDER

14. This
text is part of a larger family of religious texts known collectively as the
Vedas; together, the Vedas form the cornerstone of Hindu belief, _____the
mythology of the religion, the roles of the assorted Hindu gods, and detailing
various rituals which should be performed by pious Hindus.   EXPLAIN

15.The
first written version appears to have emerged around 1500 BCE, with most
scholars arguing that the Rigveda  had been passed down orally for centuries
before it __.  WRITE

16. The
Rigveda is the oldest of the Vedas. All of the Vedas ___ during a period in
Indian history which is known as the Vedic Period. Dating of the Vedic Period
varies, but it is generally defined as lasting between 1500 BCE and 184 BCE.   COMPOSE

How similar is
ancient Greek to modern Greek?

17. Modern
Greek (demotic) has a simplified grammar and accents and the vocabulary has
naturally changed over time, but the ___ core of the language is the same   BASE

18. So a
speaker of modern Greek can usually get the gist of an ancient text, although
trying to translate may often lead to tragic __ .   INTERPRET

19. Attic
or Hellenistic ("koine") Greek texts are of course much _____ than
archaic Greek (f.e. Homer). EASY

20. Modern
Greek speakers, even if they have managed to ____ miss learning Ancient in
school, have a couple of additional resources that help with their ability to
comprehend Ancient.   COMPLETE

21. The
truth is, Ancient Greek, just like  Latin, and __ Old English,  exists all over
the written and spoken word.  LIKE

22. And
it's encountered often enough that some ___ in it would have been maintained
even without schooling.
 LITERATE

Прочитайте  текст
с пропусками,  обозначенными  номерами  23-29. Эти  номера  соответствуют
заданиям  23-29,  в  которых  представлены  возможные варианты ответов.
Запишите ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту
ответа.

Cherish Your Friends

Our
high school years are the defining times in our lives that shape who we are,
where we are going, and what we are going to do. Aside from this, they  23 us
to build strong friendships with people. We get to see which people are going
to be there for the   24   of our lives and those who will  just disappear over
the years.
A
friend is someone who is there for you, through it all. Through the pressure,
and drama, they are the one constant thing in your life that never fades away.
I have realized at the  25  of sixteen that friends are not something you
should take lightly, if we have found even just a  26  we are blessed. They are
the people that we sing our lungs out in the car shouting
"Glamorous", the people we cry to, and most importantly the people who
will always have a shoulder to  27  on.  It is essential to evaluate your  28
with your friends. You can see if they are the people you can go to with
anything or if they are just another face in the 29  when you have a serious
issue going on.

23. 1)
make  2)  allow  3)  let  4)  afford
24.1)
stage  2)  period  3)  epoch  4)  rest
25.1)
time  2)  age  3)  period  4)  year
26.1)
pair  2)  team  3)  company  4)  couple
 27.1)
set  2)  place  3)  turn  4)  lean
 28.1)
attitude  2)  contact  3)  relationship  4)  affair
 29.1)
people  2)  crowd  3)  public  4)  audience

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

A
person who is fluent in a foreign language can easily teach it.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?

Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position
Variant 14
Part 1. Reading

1.Установите
соответствие  между  текстами  A–G  и  заголовками  1–8.  Используйте каждую
цифру только один раз.  В задании один заголовок лишний.

1. The
House of Commons
2.
Parliamentary Procedure
3. The
House of Lords
4.
Westminster
5. The
System of Government
6.
Parliamentary Committees
7.
Whitehall
8. The
Crown

A. Her
Majesty’s Government, in spite of its name, derives its authority and power
from its party representation in Parliament. Parliament is housed in the Palace
of Westminster, once a home of the monarchy. Like the monarchy, Parliament is
an ancient institution, dating from the middle of the thirteenth century.
Parliament is the seat of British democracy, but it is perhaps valuable to
remember that while the House of Lords was created in order to provide a
council of the nobility for the king, the Commons were summoned originally in
order to provide the king with money.

 B. The
reigning monarch is not only head of state but symbol of the unity of the
nation. The monarchy is Britain’s oldest secular institution, its continuity
for over a thousand years broken only once by a republic that lasted a mere
eleven years (1649-60). The monarchy is hereditary, the succession passing
automatically to the oldest male child, or in the absence of males to the
oldest female offspring of the monarch. In law the monarch is head of the
executive and of the judiciary, head of the Church of England, and
commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

 C. The
dynamic power of Parliament lies in its lower chamber. Of its 650 members, 523
represent constituencies in England, 38 in Wales, 72 in Scotland and 17 in
Northern Ireland. There are only seats in the Commons debating chamber for 370
members, but except on matters of great interest, it is unusual for all members
to be present at any one time. Many MPs find themselves in other rooms of the
Commons, participating in a variety of committees and meetings necessary for an
effective parliamentary process.

 D.
Britain is a democracy, yet its people are not, as one might expect in a
democracy, constitutionally in control of the state. The constitutional
situation is an apparently contradictory one. As a result of a historical
process the people of Britain are subjects of the Crown, accepting the Queen as
the head of the state. Yet even the Queen is not sovereign in any substantial
sense since she receives her authority from Parliament, and is subject to its
direction in almost all matters. This curious situation came about as a result
of a long struggle for power between the Crown and Parliament during the
sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries.

 E. Her
Majesty’s Government governs in the name of the Queen, and its hub, Downing
Street, lies in Whitehall, a short walk from Parliament. Following a general
election, the Queen invites the leader of the majority party represented in the
Commons, to form a government on her behalf. Government ministers are
invariably members of the House of Commons, but infrequently members of the
House of Lords are appointed. All government members continue to represent
“constituencies” which elected them.

F. Each
parliamentary session begins with the “State Opening of Parliament”, a
ceremonial occasion in which the Queen proceeds from Buckingham Palace to the
Palace of Westminster where she delivers the Queen’s Speech from her throne in
the House of Lords. Her speech is drafted by her government, and describes what
the government intends to implement during the forthcoming session. Leading
members of the Commons may hear the speech from the far end of the chamber, but
are not allowed to enter the House of Lords.

 G. The
upper chamber of Parliament is not democratic in any sense at all. It consists
of four categories of peer. The majority are hereditary peers, a total of
almost 800, but of whom only about half take an active interest in the affairs
of the state. A smaller number, between 350 and 400, are “life” peers —  an
idea introduced in 1958 to elevate to the peerage certain people who rendered
political or public service to the nation. The purpose was not only to honour
but also to enhance the quality of business done in the Lords.

2. Прочитайте
текст  и  заполните  пропуски  A–F  частями
предложений, обозначенными  цифрами  1–7.  Одна  из  частей  в  списке 1–7 лишняя.

Stereotypes

Because stereotypes are standardized and simplified ideas of groups, A they are
not derived from objective facts, but rather subjective and often unverifiable
ideas. As Sociologist Charles E. Hurst states "One reason for stereotypes
is the lack of personal, concrete familiarity   В   in other racial or ethnic
groups. Lack of familiarity encourages the lumping together of unknown
individuals".  The existence of stereotypes may be explained by the need
of groups of people   C as more normal or more superior than other groups.
Consequently, stereotypes may be used  D or ignorance and prevent people of
stereotyped groups from entering or succeeding in various activities or fields.
The stereotyping group are, generally, reluctant to reconsider their attitudes
and behavior  E
 Stereotypes
may affect people negatively. This includes F  and distorted images and
opinions of people. Stereotypes may also be used for scapegoating or for making
general erroneous judgments about people.

1.  to
view themselves
2.
that individuals have with persons
3.
forming inaccurate
4.  to justify
ill-founded prejudices
5.  may
feel comfortable
6.
based on some prejudices
7.  towards stereotyped group

 Прочитайте
текст  и  выполните  задания.  В  каждом  задании запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4,
соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

A DAY'S WAIT

He came
into the room to shut the windows while we were still in bed and I saw he
looked ill. He was shivering, his face was white, and he walked slowly as
though it ached to move. "What's the matter, Schatz?
"I've
got a headache."
"You'd
better go back to bed."
"No,
I'm all right."
"You
go to bed. I'll see you when I'm dressed."
 But
when I came downstairs he was dressed, sitting by the fire, looking a very sick
and miserable boy of nine years. When I put my hand on his forehead I knew he
had a fever.
"You
go up to bed," I said, "you're sick."
"I'm
all right," he said.
When
the doctor came he took the boy's temperature.
"What
is it?" I asked him.
 "One
hundred and two."
 Downstairs,
the doctor left three different medicines in different colored capsules with
instructions for giving them. One was to bring down the fever, another a
purgative, the third to overcome an acid condition. The germs of influenza can
only exist in an acid condition, he explained. He seemed to know all about
influenza and said there was nothing to worry about if the fever did not go
above one hundred and four degrees. This was a light epidemic of flu and there
was no danger if you avoided pneumonia.
 Back
in the room I wrote the boy's temperature down and made a note of the time to
give the various capsules.
"Do
you want me to read to you?"
"All
right, if you want to," said the boy. His face was very white and there
were dark areas under his eyes. He lay still in the bed and seemed very
detached from what was going on.
I read
aloud from Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates, but I could see he was not following
what I was reading.
"How
do you feel, Schatz?" I asked him.
"Just
the same, so far," he said.
I sat
at the foot of the bed and read to myself while I waited for it to be time to
give another capsule. It would have been natural for him to go to sleep, but
when I looked up he was looking at the foot of the bed, looking very strangely.

"Why
don't you try to go to sleep? I'll wake you up for the medicine."
"I'd
rather stay awake."
After a
while he said to me, "You don't have to stay in here with me, Papa, if it
bothers you."
"It
doesn't bother me."
"No,
I mean you don't have to stay if it's going to bother you."
I
thought perhaps he was a little light-headed and after giving him the
prescribed capsules at eleven o'clock I went out for a while.
 It was
a bright, cold day, the ground covered with a sleet that had frozen so that it
seemed as if all the bare trees, the bushes, the cut brush and all the grass
and the bare ground had been varnished with ice. I took the young Irish setter
for a little walk up the road and along a frozen creek.
At the
house they said the boy had refused to let any one come into the room.
"You
can't come in," he said. "You mustn't get what I have." I went
up to him and found him in exactly the position I had left him, white-faced,
but with the tops of his cheeks flushed by the fever, staring still, as he had
stared, at the foot of the bed.
I took his
temperature.
"What
is it?"
"Something
like a hundred," I said. It was one hundred and two and four tenths.
"It
was a hundred and two," he said.
"Who
said so?"
"The
doctor."
"Your
temperature is all right," I said. "It's nothing to worry
about."
"I
don't worry," he said, "but I can't keep from thinking."
"Don't
think," I said. "Just take it easy."
"I'm
taking it easy," he said and looked worried about something.
"Take
this with water."
"Do
you think it will do any good?"
"Of
course, it will,"
I sat
down and opened the Pirate Book and commenced to read but I could see he was
not following, so I stopped.
"About
what time do you think I'm going to die?" he asked.
"What?"

"About
how long will it be before I die?"
"You
aren't going to die. What's the matter with you?"
"Oh,
yes, I am. I heard him say a hundred and two."
"People
don't die with a fever of one hundred and two. That's a silly way to
talk!"
"I
know they do. At school in France the boys told me you can't live with
forty-four degrees. I've got a hundred and two."
He had
been waiting to die all day, ever since nine o'clock in the morning.
"You
poor Schatz," I said. "Poor old Schatz, it's like miles and
kilometers. You aren't going to die. That's a diflerent thermometer. On that
thermometer thirty-seven is normal. On this kind it's ninety-eight."
"Are
you sure?"
"Absolutely,"
I said. "It's like miles and kilometers. You know, like how many kilometers
we make when we do seventy miles in the car?"
"Oh,"
he said.
 But
his gaze at the foot of the bed relaxed slowly. The hold over himself relaxed
too, finally, and the next day it was very slack and he cried very easily at
little things that were of no importance.

3. What
wasn't Schatz's symptom of ilness?
1)
fever
2)  headache

3)
pale face
4)
stomachache

4. The
father believed the doctor because
1)  he
listened to boy very attentively.
2)  he
gave the boy three different medicines.
3)  he
seemed to know a lot about flu.
4)  he
said that pneumonia had been avoided.
 5. The
boy was indifferent to Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates because
1)  the
plot wasn't exciting.
2)  he
wanted to sleep.
3)  he
was in very bad condition.
4)  he
didn't want his father to read it for him.
6.
What worried the boy?
1)  his
temperature.
2)  the
cold weather.
3)  the
plot of the Pirate Book.
4)  his
headache.
7. The
boy refused to let any one come into the room because
1)  he
had a fever of one hundred and two.
2)  he
liked to be alone.
3)  he
didn't want his father to catch influenza.
4)  he
took offense at his father.
8. Who
told the boy about different thermometers?
1)  the
boys from France.
2)  the
doctor.
3)  his
father.
4)  a
teacher at school.
9. The
boy's behavior can characterize him as very
1)
rude.
2)
greedy.
3)
polite.
4)
thoughtful.

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary

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приведённые  ниже  тексты.  Преобразуйте,  если  необходимо,  слова,
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10-22,  так,  чтобы  они   грамматически соответствовали  содержанию текстов.
Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый  пропуск соответствует
отдельному заданию из группы 10-22.

Dolphins

10.  Dolphins
are marine mammals closely  ____to whales and porpoises.
RELATE

11. The
name is originally from Greek (delphus), ____ womb.
MEAN

12.
There are almost forty species of dolphin and ___worldwide.
FIND

13.
They are carnivores, eating mostly fish and squid. Dolphins are members of the
family  Delphinidae which  _____relatively recently, about ten million years
ago.
ENVOLVE

14.
Doplhins' senses _________    DEVELOP

15.
Most dolphins have acute eyesight, both in and out of the water, and they can
hear frequencies ten times or more above the upper limit of adult human
hearing. Hearing is also used for echolocation, which all
dolphins
have. Dolphin teeth  __to function as antennae to receive incoming sound and to
pinpoint the exact location of an object.
BELIEVE

16.
Beyond locating an object,  echolocation  also ___the animal with an idea on
the object's shape and size, though how exactly this works is not yet
understood.
PROVIDE

Dolphins' Social
Behavior

17.  Dolphins
are often regarded as one of Earth's most __ animals.

INTELLIGENCE

18.  They
are social creatures, living in pods of up to a dozen ___ .

INDIVIDUAL

19.  In
places with a high abundance of food, pods can merge ____  forming a  superpod;
such groupings may
exceed
1,000 dolphins.

TEMPORARY

20.
They communicate using a    ___ of clicks, whistle-like sounds and other
vocalizations.

VARY

21.
___in pods is not rigid; interchange is common.

MEMBER

22.
Dolphins can, however, establish strong social bonds; they will stay with
injured or ill individuals, even helping them to breathe by bringing __to the
surface if needed.
THEY

Прочитайте  текст
с пропусками,  обозначенными  номерами  23-29.  Эти  номера  соответствуют
заданиям  23-29,  в  которых  представлены  возможные варианты ответов.
Запишите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

Ramadan

Ramadan
is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. It is the Islamic month of fasting,
in which participating Muslims 23  from eating, drinking from dawn until
sunset. Ramadan had been the name of the ninth month in Arabian culture long
before the  24  of Islam. In the Qur'an it is said that "fasting has been
written  25   (as obligatory) upon you, as it was upon those before you"
which is a reference to the Jewish practice of fasting on Yom Kippur. Fasting
is  26   to teach the Muslim patience, modesty and spirituality.  Ramadan is a
time for Muslims to fast  27   the sake of God and to  28  more prayer than
usual. During Ramadan, Muslims ask forgiveness for past sins, pray for guidance
and help in refraining from everyday evils, and try to purify themselves
through self-restraint and good  29.

23.  1)
 refrain  2)  hold  3)  keep  4)  resist
24.
1)  coming  2)  moving  3)  arrival  4)  reaching
 25. 1)
down  2)  up  3)  back  4)  in
 26. 1)
signified  2)  denoted  3)  suggested  4) meant
27. 1)
on  2)  for  3)  in  4)  with
28. 1)
suggest  2)  offer  3)  give  4)  bring
29.
1)  business  2)  work  3)  deeds  4)  deals

Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement. (150 words)

People
should turn their focus on science instead of art.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position
 Variant 15
Part 1. Reading

1. Установите
соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Используйте каждую цифру
только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний.

1.
Unique Species Lost
2. The
Great Change Is Coming
3. The
Cultural Mix
4.
Creation of Fierce Nature
5. The
Role in Commercial Exchanges
6.
Unbelievable story
7. The
Perfect Place for One’s Vacation
8. Many
Names for One Place

A. Over
ten million years ago, the waters of the Indian Ocean boiled. Massive volcanoes
erupted miles underneath the surface. Huge amounts of lava were forced up. This
violence and force gave birth to a series of islands, today called the
Mascarene Islands, located over 500 miles to the East of Madagascar, off the
coast of Africa. These include the islands of Reunion, Rodrigues and the most
famous of all — Mauritius.

B.
Mauritius is just 42 miles long and 29 miles wide, and has only been inhabited
since the 17th Century, but already has a rich and varied history and is famous
for many things. Early Arabic maps called the island Dina Mashriq (Eastern
Island), the Portuguese called it the Island of the Swan when they first
discovered it in the early 1500’s. The Dutch, who were the first to try to live
there, renamed it Mauritius after Prince Maurice of Nassau, and under French
rule from 1715, Ile de France was the name. With British rule in 1810 the name
changed back to Mauritius, and has remained so, even after independence in
1968.

C.
Historically, Mauritius was an important location on trade routes, and was one
of the first countries in the world to produce postage stamps. The Blue Penny
stamp from 1847 is one of the rarest in the world. However, it was (and is)
sugar, introduced to the island in the 1600’s, that made the island. Mauritius
has a perfect climate for growing sugar cane, it now covers much of the island,
and Mauritian sugar is exported throughout the world.

D.
Today Mauritius is also a famous holiday location for tourists wishing to relax
on a beautiful paradise island. The coral reef surrounding much of it makes it
ideal for water sports, diving and fishing. Its tropical climate means there
are many exotic plants and flowers to see, such as the orchid or palm tree. Its
volcanic origins have also created a fascinating landscape, with volcanic
peaks, craters, coloured earths and waterfalls.

E.
Because the island was isolated, many plants and animals developed there unlike
anywhere else in the world, the Dodo being the most famous of these. This
large, flightless bird was described by the first Dutch settlers, but by the
time they left the island in 1710, all Dodos were gone. There are many theories
for this, as the Dodos themselves were not good to eat, but most people now
think that the animals the sailors brought with them (goats, pigs, rats) were
the cause of this extinction — as they ate the bird’s eggs on the forest floor.

F.
Mauritius has been called a rainbow nation because of its huge number of
different ethnic groups. Different nationalities coming to the island over the
centuries have brought their own culture, language, traditions, and added it to
the Mauritian mixture — from India, China, France, England, and other African
countries. There are over 80 different religious denominations and more than 20
languages spoken. Unsurprisingly, there are 11 official public holidays; from
the Chinese New Year to the Hindu, Maha Shivaratree festival, part of which
involves walking to a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano.

G. In
the 1970’s and 80’s the Government encouraged the growth of the clothing
industry in the country and the economy grew as a result. Now there is a far
greater project underway; an effort to turn Mauritius from a sugar-island to a
cyber-island. A state-of-the-art ‘cyber-city’ is being built to provide IT,
computing and communication technologies for local and international companies.
Cyber city is focused around a 12-storey high-tech tower with excellent
computing resources and internet connections. When completed, it will also
contain more high-tech offices, a large supermarket and a housing development.

2. Прочитайте
текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7.
Одна
из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя.

New Spider Species

A new
spider species in India has been given a name A______ Harry Potter fans. The
spider, Eriovixia gryffindori, just 7 millimeters (0.28 inches) long, was named
as such because its shape reminded its discoverers of the magical "sorting
hat" in the Harry Potter books. (B______, the hat comes to life and
determines C______ at the school for young wizards. It was originally owned by
the wizard Godric Gryffindor.)
Mumbai
researchers discovered the spider in the Kan forest of the Western Ghats, a
mountainous region in southwest India. According to the scientists, the hat
shape helps the spider blend in D______ protect itself from predators.In a
paper published in the Indian Journal of Arachnology, Mumbai researchers
E______ wrote that its name was "an ode from the authors, for magic lost,
and found, in an effort to draw attention to the fascinating, but often overlooked
world of invertebrates, and their secret lives."
"As
a youngster, I was very fond of reading Harry Potter books. So, F______,
Ithought of the magical hat," lead author of the study, Javed Ahmed, told
the Times of India

1. who
discovered the new arachnid
2. when
I encountered this tiny spider
3. with
dried leaves during daylight hours in order to
4. that
are every bit as capable as hunters
5.
that's sure to be a winner with
6.
which house the student should belong to
7. when
placed upon a new Hogwarts student's head

Прочитайте текст и
выполните задания 3-9. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3
или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

The Famous Holiday
On Ice

Holiday
on Ice originated in the United States in 1943, and was the brainchild of Emery
Gilbert of Toledo, Ohio, an engineer and builder who created a portable ice
rink. He took his idea of a traveling show to Morris Chalfen, a Minneapolis
executive, who supplied the financing, and George Tyson, who used his
theatrical background to create the show. Since then over 300 million people
have seen the show and it has become the most popular live entertainment in the
world.
The
shows focus more on music rather than glamour, which has changed from broadway
scores to pop and rock. Novelty acts such as acrobats have been added regularly
to the main production numbers in recent years, and the backstage atmosphere is
an odd mix of gym class and workplace. A curtained-off section at the back of
the arena, called the girls' dressing room, is where the girls have a small
area for their make-up. It would be more accurately described as a corridor,
with beige, cracked walls and cheap temporary tables set up along the length of
it.
By no
stretch of the imagination could anyone call it an interesting place to work,
especially if they saw the rows of dirty blue and brown plastic seating and the
grey and mucky area round the ice-rink. But this is a complete contrast to the
show itself. The lights come from Texas, the audio system from California,
Montreal
supplies the smoke effects and former British Olympic skater Robin Cousins,
MBE, is now creative director for the company.
He has
a simple theory to describe what he wants to do. He wants to give the people
what they want to see, but in a way that they did not expect, leaving them
stunned and amazed. The music is used to stimulate the audience, but more
importantly to inspire the skaters, who have to repeat the show every night.
His aim is to make sure everyone gets to exactly the right place on the ice at
the right time, because the banks of lights in the ceiling are set to those
places, and if the skaters are all half a metre out, they'll be illuminating
empty ice. Finally, he needs to produce something that can be sold in a number
of countries at the same
time.
Professional
ice skating is not very well paid and Cousins had to skate for the show himself
when he stopped competing because he was financially unable to retire. He
learnt the hard way that it was impossible to give championship winning
performances every night, and had to compromise by giving about 75 %
regularly.
So, even though he does what he does to pay the rent, his enthusiasm is
unmistakable. He also makes the point that many of the moves in the show can
never be seen in competition because the rules don't allow them.
So, if
you ever get the chance to see Holiday on Ice, don't miss it, because it's
impossible not to be swept up in the whole thing and you'll have to try pretty
hard not to enjoy it.

3. Who
is the author of the idea of the Holiday on Ice?
1)
Morris Chalfen
2)
George Tyson
3)
Emery Gilbert
4) All
three of them
4. What
is the most important element of the Show?
1)
make-up
2)
dancing
3)
music
4)
backstage atmosphere
5. What
is TRUE about the Show according to paragraph 3?
1) The
employers find their work very interesting.
2) The
creative director of the Show is not American.
3) The
design of the ice-rink is luxurious.
4) The
ice-rink has perfect location.
6.
Which point is NOT mentioned as a part of Robin Cousins’ theory?
1)
Skaters should be motivated.
2)
Music is of great importance.
3) The
audience should be excited.
4) The
ice should be sparkling.
7. Why
did Robin Cousin decide to skate for the show himself?
1) He
became too old to compete but he needed money.
2) He
couldn’t live without skating even after retiring.
3) He
wanted to give shows that are not allowed at the competitions.
4) He
was afraid of losing his skill.
8. What
is the author’s attitude towards Show On Ice?
1)
negative
2)
positive
3)
indifferent
4)
sceptical
9. What
does the phrase “swept up” mean?
1) bored
2) nervous
3) disappointed
4) absorbed
Ответ:

Part 2. Grammar and vocabulary

Прочитайте
приведённые ниже тексты. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные
заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 10-16, так, чтобы они
грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски
полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
10-16.

The Academy Awards
10. The
Academy Awards, informally known as The Oscars,__________________ a set of
awards given annually for excellence of cinematic achievements. The Oscar
statuette is officially named the Academy Award of Merit and is one of nine
types of Academy Awards. (BE)

11. Organized
and overseen by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), the
awards__________________  each year at a formal ceremony. (GIVE)

12. The
awards firstly__________________in 1929 at a ceremony created for the awards,
at the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood. (GIVE)

13. Over
the years that the award has been given, the categories
presented__________________ ; currently Oscars are given in more than a dozen
categories, and include films of various types. (CHANGE)

14. As
one of the most prominent award ceremonies in the world, the Academy Awards
ceremony__________________ live in more than 100 countries annually.(TELEVISE)

15. While
the Oscar is under the ownership of the recipient, it is essentially not on the
open market. Since 1950, the statuettes__________________ by the requirement
that neither winners nor their heirs may sell the statuettes without first
offering to sell them back to the Academy for US$1. (ENCUMBER)

16. If
a winner__________________ to agree to this stipulation, then the Academy keeps
the statuette. Academy Awards not protected by this agreement have been sold in
public auctions and private deals for six-figure sums. (REFUSE)

Прочитайте
приведённый  ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в
конце строк, обозначенных номерами 17-22, однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они
грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните
пропуски полученными словами. Каждый  пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию
из группы 17-22.

Mr. Bean
17. Mr.
Bean is a series of fourteen 25-minute__________________ written by and
starring Rowan Atkinson. (EPISODE)

18. This
British situation comedy television program is based on a
character__________________ developed by Atkinson while he was studying for his
master's degree at Oxford University. (ORIGINAL)

19. The
series features__________________ situations occurring in the life of Mr. Bean.
(FUN)

20. The__________________
was described by Atkinson as "a child in a grown man's body". (LATE)

21. Mr.
Bean tries to solve various problems presented by everyday tasks and often
causes__________________ in the process .(DISRUPT)

22. Bean
rarely speaks, and the largely physical humor of the series is derived from his
interactions with other people and his__________________ solutions to situations.
(USUAL)

Прочитайте текст с
пропусками, обозначенными номерами 23-29. Эти  номера соответствуют заданиям
23-29, в которых представлены  возможные варианты ответов. Запишите цифру 1, 2,
3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

National Tom Sawyer Days

What do
Tom Sawyer and jumping frogs have in 23 ______? Stories about 24 ______ of them
were created by one man: Mark Twain. Born Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain was his 25
______ name). Twain was 4 when his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, located
on the west bank of the Mississippi. Twain grew up there and was fascinated
with life along the river — the steamboats, the giant lumber rafts, and the
people who worked on them.
"The
Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is one of Twain's best-loved
short stories, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of his most famous novels.
Both these works are celebrated by events  26 ______ during National Tom Sawyer
Days every fourth of July. There's also a fence-painting contest to see who can
paint the fastest. The idea for this contest comes from a scene in Tom Sawyer,
in which Tom has been told to paint the fence in front of the house he lives
in. It's a beautiful day, and he would 27 ______ be doing anything else. As his
friends walk by, he convinces them it's fun to paint, and they join 28 ______
the "fun". By the end of the day, the fence has three coats of paint!
29
______ the story of Tom Sawyer is fiction, it's based on fact. If you go to
Hannibal,
you'll see the white fence, which still stands at Twain's boyhood home.

23. 1)
general  2) similar 3) addition 4) common
24. 1) all
2) both 3) each 4) every
25. 1)
pen 2) imaginary            3) given                   4) first
26. 1)made
2)created 3)held              4)located
27. 1)
better                2) rather 3) prefer              4) like
28. 1)
to              2) on              3) for                4) in
29. 1)
Thus  2) Therefore 3) Furthermore 4) Although
.
Part 3. Writing

30.
Comment the following statement.  (150 words)

Computing
will be added as the fourth educational skill along with reading,
writing
and math.

What is
your opinion? Do you agree with this statement?
Use the
following plan:
– make
an introduction (state the problem)
–
express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion
–
express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion
–
explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion
– make
a conclusion restating your position.

К комплекту
экзаменационных билетов прилагаются разработанные преподавателем и утвержденные
на заседании МК критерии оценки по учебной дисциплине.

Критерии
оценки:
Общее
количество тестовых баллов за выполнение всех заданий: 83 балла.
Для
перевода их в 100-балльную шкалу вводится коэффициент – 1,21.
Чтение
1 0- 7 баллов
Чтение
2 0- 7 баллов
 Вопросы
к тексту 0 - 25 баллов
Лексикограмматическое
задание 0 - 14 баллов
Письменное
сообщение 0 - 30 баллов
Всего
баллов 0-83 балла
Коэффи
циент 1, 21
Шкала перевода в пятибальную оценку

 84
5
  баллов

59-83
4
  балла

22-58
3
  балла

0-21
2
  балла

Утверждено
на заседании цикловой комиссии _________________ дисциплин
Председатель
ЦК ____________ ФИО

Экзаменатор
________________ ФИО

Эталон ответов

Ответы  1
1
  8172356
2
  261475
3  4
4 1
5  4
6  2
7 3
8  2
9  1
№ задания  Ответ
10  hadbeenspoken

11  istranslated

12  havebeen

13 isconsidered

14
  explaining
15
  waswritten
16
  werecomposed
17
  basic
18
  misinterpretations
19
  easier
20
  completely
21
  unlike
22  literacy
23  2
24  4
25  2
26  4
27  4
28  3
29  2

Ответы  2
1
  8713465
2
  621473
3  4
4  3
5  3
6  1
7  3
8  3
9  4
№ задания  Ответ
10
  related
11
  meaning
12
  arefound
13
  envolved
14
  aredeveloped
15
  arebelieved
16
  provides
17
  intelligent
18
  individuals
19
  temporarily
20
  variety
21
  membership
22
  them
23  1
24  3
25  1
26  4
27  2
28  2
29  4

Ответы  3
1
  6518423
2
  157234
3 2
4 2
5  3

6  3

7  4

8  1

9  2

10 hadbeen

11
  weresupposed
12
  me
13
  first
14
  wasswimming
15
  happened
16
  best
17
  climatic
18
  variation
19
  occasional
20
  drastically
21
  visitors
22
  majority
23  4

24  4

25 1
26  3

27  1

28  2

29  1

Ответы 4
Раздел 1. Чтение
№ задания Ответ
1 4572183
2 412753
3 2
4 4
5 3
6 1
7 3
8 4
9 2
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№ задания Ответ
10 HASINTRODUCED
11
  HASBEENAIRED
12
  WASLEFT
13
  WOULDREDUCE
14
  DEALING
15
  STRESSED
16
  BEING
17
  UNREST
18
  VIOLENT
19
  MOVEMENT
20
  UNEQUAL
21
  MORE
22
  RELIEF
23 4
24 1
25 1
26 3
27 2
28 4
29 1

Ответы 5
Раздел 1. Чтение
№ задания Ответ
1 4572168
2 625731
3 2
4 2
5 1
6 4
7 3
8 3
9 4
Раздел 2.
  Грамматика и лексика*
№ задания Ответ
10
  WILLCONTINUE
11
  THIRD
12
  DONOTFUND
13
  AREPREPARED
14
  TWEETED
15
  HASAFFECTED
16
  WILLRETURN
17
  EQUALITY
18
  RECENTLY
19
  LESS
20
  MANAGERIAL
21
  LARGEST
22
  HUMANITY
23 3
24 1
25 3
26 4
27 2
28 1
29 3

Ответы 6
Раздел 1. Чтение
№ задания Ответ
1 4536871
2 342561
3 1
4 2
5 3
6 4
7 3
8 1
9 2
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№ задания Ответ
10
  APPEARS
11
  ARECAUSED
12
  SHINING
13
  ISCALLED
14
  ARE
15
  WILLHAVE
16
  MOSTBEAUTIFUL
17
  SINCERELY
18
  LIKEABILITY
19
  APPRECIATED
20
  IMPRESSION
21
  FACIAL
22 JAWS
23 3
24 2
25 2
26 4
27 3
28 1
29 2

Ответы
  7
Раздел
  1. Чтение
№
  задания Ответ
1
  8713465
2
  257314
3
   3
4
   2
5
  4
6
  1
7
  1
8
  3
9
  1
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№
  задания Ответ
10 HASCREATED
11 APPEARS
12 ISUSED
13 SUSPECTED
14 FOUND
15 ISINSERTED
16 USING
17  BETTER
18 THOUGHTFUL
19 AVOIDANCE
20 LOCALLY
21 DISQUIETING
22
  SEASONAL
23
  3
24
  4
25
  4
26
  2
27
  1
28
  2
29
  3

Ответы
  10
Раздел
  1. Чтение
№
  задания Ответ
1
  4857132
2
  576312
3
  3
4
  3
5
  2
6
  4
7
  1
8
  2
9
  4
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№
  задания Ответ
10 ARE
11 AREGIVEN
12 WEREGIVEN
13 HAVECHANGED
14  ISTELEVISED
15  HAVEENCUMBERED
16  REFUSES
17  EPISODES
18 ORIGINALLY
19  FUNNY
20 LATTER
21 DISRUPTION(S)
22 UNUSUAL
23 4
24
  2
25
  1
26
  3
27
  2
28
  4
29
  4

Ответы
  8
Раздел
  1. Чтение
№
  задания Ответ
1
  3612784
2
  274536
3
  3
4
  1
5
  2
6
  4
7
  1
8
  3
9
  3
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№
  задания Ответ
10 ISREFERRED
11 HAVEBEENEXPERIMENTING
12 ARETRYING
13 AREPICKED
14 FOCUSES
15 PUBLISHED
16 WILLAPPEAR
17 DAILY
18 MORE
19 DIFFICULTY
20 EASILY
21 ACCORDANCE
22
  VARIOUS
23
  4
24
  2
25
  4
26
  2
27
  1
28
  3
29
  1

Ответы
  11
Раздел
  1. Чтение
№
  задания Ответ
1
  3612784
2
  274536
3
  3
4
  1
5
  2
6
  4
7
  1
8
  3
9
  3
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№
  задания Ответ
10 ISREFERRED
11 HAVEBEENEXPERIMENTING
12 ARETRYING
13 AREPICKED
14 FOCUSES
15 PUBLISHED
16 WILLAPPEAR
17 DAILY
18 MORE
19 DIFFICULTY
20 EASILY
21 ACCORDANCE
22 VARIOUS
23 4
24 2
25 4
26 2
27 1
28 3
29 1

Ответы
  9
Раздел
  1. Чтение
№
  задания Ответ
1
  5124783
2
  145376
3
  2
4
  3
5
  3
6
  2
7
  3
8
  1
9
  1
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№
  задания Ответ
10 HAVEFIGURED
11 SERVES
12 MAKING
13 ISCONFINED
14 HADSUSPECTED
15 SHOWED
16 HAD DONE
17 EXTENSIVELY
18 INCOMPLETE
19 ESSENTIALLY
20 MICE
21
  LATER
22
  ADDITIONAL
23
  3
24
  4
25
  4
26
  2
27
  2
28
  1
29
  4

Ответы
  12
Раздел
  1. Чтение
№
  задания Ответ
1
  8713465
2
  257314
3
   3
4
   2
5
  4
6
  1
7
  1
8
  3
9
  1
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№
  задания Ответ
10 HASCREATED
11 APPEARS
12 ISUSED
13 SUSPECTED
14 FOUND
15 ISINSERTED
16 USING
17  BETTER
18 THOUGHTFUL
19 AVOIDANCE
20 LOCALLY
21 DISQUIETING
22
  SEASONAL
23 3
24 4
25 4
26 2
27 1
28 2
29
  3

Ответы  13
Раздел 1. Чтение

№ задания  Ответ

1  8172356
2  261475
3  4
4 1
5  4
6  2
7 3
8  2
9  1
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
 № задания  Ответ

10  hadbeenspoken

11  istranslated

12  havebeen

13 isconsidered

14
  explaining
15
  waswritten
16
  werecomposed
17
  basic
18
  misinterpretations
19
  easier
20
  completely
21
  unlike
22  literacy
23  2
24  4
25  2
26  4
27  4
28  3
29  2

Ответы  14
Раздел 1. Чтение

№ задания  Ответ

1  8713465
2  621473
3  4
4  3
5  3
6  1
7  3
8  3
9  4
Раздел 2.
  Грамматика и лексика*
№ задания  Ответ

10
  related
11
  meaning
12
  arefound
13
  envolved
14
  aredeveloped
15
  arebelieved
16
  provides
17
  intelligent
18
  individuals
19
  temporarily
20
  variety
21
  membership
22
  them
23  1
24  3
25  1
26  4
27  2
28  2
29  4

Ответы 15
Раздел 1. Чтение
№ задания Ответ
14857132
2 576312
3 3
4 3
5 2
6 4
7 1
8 2
9
  4
Раздел
  2. Грамматика и лексика*
№ задания Ответ
10
  ARE
11
  AREGIVEN
12
  WEREGIVEN
13
  HAVECHANGED
14
  ISTELEVISED
15
  HAVEENCUMBERED
16
  REFUSES
17
  EPISODES
18
  ORIGINALLY
19
  FUNNY
20
  LATTER
21
  DISRUPTION(S)
22
  UNUSUAL
23 4
24 2
25 1
26 3
27 2
28 4
29 4

alt: МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ

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